Constructing week 6 presentation 1

Constructing Environments Structural Concept: Ormond College Centre for Theology and Ministry

Description/Classification of Structural Systems Foundations & Footing: - The Ormond Theology building uses shallow concrete footings, also known as a spread foundation - In some areas of the building, it uses a concrete slab foundation - The footings are classified by its size, allowable load, reinforcement, bearing of footing and is written as (eg.

BT1)

Primary Structure (Horizontal & Vertical): - Uses steel beams and columns & horizontal & vertical members to carry applied loads to the ground - The steel beams and columns are arranged in a grid frame - The roof beams are cantilevered, only secured by concrete columns on the exterior

Secondary Structure (Horizontal & Vertical): - The building uses a cladding grid frame as support for the glass wall at the entrance - Framing is used around windows and doors to increase the combined stiffness of the glass for structural stability - The awnings that overhang from the building are held to the building by braces and clamps.

Identification, Description, and Structural Joint Location of Structural Materials Steel: Alloy of Iron, Carbon, and other elements, strong in tension ● There are I-Beams which are used to hold up the roof ● Steel reinforcement inside the concrete used. ● Steel columns embedded in concrete columns Concrete: Composite material made from aggregate which is embedded in material such as cement which glues or sticks the aggregate together. ● The concrete is in situ in relation to the external columns This is a caulked joint, and is used when you want to make something watertight (usually pipes). A caulked joint is typically a join between two structural elements where a gap is left to allow for movement. Eg. expansion. The gap is then filled with a caulking rubber to cover the joint. An example is an articulation joint in a brick wall.

Structural Fixings I. WELD ● ●

The use of melting, mixing and breaking can be used as structural fixing but is only restricted to some metals Not appropriate for joining materials with low weldability

II. CONCRETE ● ●

The mixture of cement, aggregates and water. It’s a thick paste that will transform into a stiff structure Poured into ground in order to fix structures

III. BOLT ● ●

They are used in conjunction with a nut attach and fasten two materials together Suitable for two thin materials

IV. SCREW ● ●

An externally threaded and headed fastener that tightens when torque is applied The threads resist movement of the screws and the pull-out force

V. NAIL ● Pin-shaped fastener ● Is driven into the workpiece by a hammer ● Holds materials together by friction axially and shear forces laterally

Sustainability/Environmental Analysis/ Economical Implications MATERIAL

APPROX. LIFESPAN (YEARS)

CARBON FOOTPRINT (CO2/kg)

EMBODIED ENERGY (MJ/kg)

RECYCLABLE

CONCRETE (IN SITU)

75+

0.159

1.9

Potentially difficult to

BRICK

100+

0.24

2.5

Yes - crushed and used as fill

STEEL

100+

1.37

38

Yes

BLUESTONE PAVERS

100+

0.056

1

Yes

PLYWOOD

100

1.07

10.4

Yes

GLASS (WITH GLAZING)

10-20

0.85

12.7

Yes - remelted

-Concrete slabs and columns were in situ which saves energy and cost of transportation of heavy materials -Transportation of materials to site increases both energy and pollution from vehicles (fuel etc) as well as cost -Embodied energy and carbon footprint increases in the construction of the building through machinery use -Concrete walls have different finishes (made to look like timber etc) which requires extra time and expertise, increasing overall cost -Short footings and shallow spread foundations is highly economical -glass panelling of the buildings facing is more expensive than conventional windows -A cantilevered roof requires stronger members/supports in order to sustain higher loads, need for steel/concrete instead of more conventional timber, increasing cost -main materials used were concrete and steel which both have individual positive and negative factors towards sustainability. Brick and glass were also used a fair amount and both are sustainable as shown by positive outcomes in all aspects of the above table

References Geoff Milne 2010, Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra, viewed 5th September 2013, <http://www.yourhome.gov. au/technical/fs52.html> Greenspec 2013, viewed 5th September 2013, <http://www.greenspec.co.uk/embodied-energy.php> Quality Check Home Inspection 2013, viewed 5th September 2013, <http://www.qualitycheckhomeinspection. com/node/3>