Unis coursecatalogue 2013 2014 by Chiligroup

the university centre in svalbard

UNIS

COURSE | CATALOGUE

2013-2014 www.unis.no

UNIS | ARCTIC SCIENCE FOR GLOBAL CHALLENGES

SVALBARD |

UNIS | ARCTIC SCIENCE FOR GLOBAL CHALLENGES

4 5 7 8 8 9 10 13 39 81 101 124

UNIS | ARCTIC SCIENCE FOR GLOBAL CHALLENGES

INTRODUCTION The University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS) is the world’s northernmost institution of higher education, located in Longyearbyen at 78º N. UNIS offers high quality research based courses at bachelor, master, and PhD level in Arctic Biology, Arctic Geology, Arctic Geophysics and Arctic Technology. UNIS’ geographical location provides unique advantages, enabling students and faculty to use the High Arctic nature as a laboratory for observations and data collection. Most courses include fieldwork and/or excursions.

HISTORY UNIS was established in 1993 to provide university level education in the Arctic, to carry out high quality research, and to contribute to the development of Svalbard as an international research platform. UNIS is a share-holding company, owned by the Norwegian Ministry of Education and Research. In 2011 UNIS signed a formal agreement with all the Norwegian universities to strengthen cooperation and ensure UNIS courses complement the education provided by the Norwegian mainland universities. In October 2013 UNIS will celebrate its 20th anniversary with a host of activities.

STUDENTS About 400 students from all over the world attend courses annually at UNIS. About half of the students come from abroad and English is the official language. The international setting and the small, intimate campus makes UNIS a unique destination that provides students hands-on experience. There are excellent opportunities for UNIS students to get involved in a wide range of exciting research projects. Evaluations show that students rate their UNIS experience as “awesome”.

SCIENTIFIC STAFF UNIS’ staff currently consists of 28 professors and associate professors, 15 adjunct professors and over 175 guest lecturers who specialize in Arctic topics. UNIS researchers collaborate with Norwegian and foreign research institutions and are involved in a large number of joint research projects.

EDUCATION STRATEGY •

• •

UNIS offers internationally recognized research- and field-based education in Arctic science and provides students with modern research infrastructure. UNIS offers an educational environment which motivates academic achievements. UNIS is an active partner in the international networks of Arctic universities, promoting student exchange programs.

UNIS | ARCTIC SCIENCE FOR GLOBAL CHALLENGES

Semester studies are available at bachelor level (in all four disciplines), and at master and PhD level in Arctic Geophysics, as two courses providing a total of 30 ECTS. At Master and PhD level, UNIS offers 3-15 ECTS courses lasting from a few weeks to a full semester. In the 2013-2014 academic year, UNIS will be offering altogether 92 courses. An overview is found in the course table (pages 10-11).

COURSES AT UNIS

Admission to courses at UNIS requires that the applicant is enrolled at bachelor, master or PhD level at an approved institution of higher education, in Norway or abroad.

ADMISSION REQUIREMENTS

Applicants must also fulfill discipline/academic requirements and, where applicable, any additional course requirements set by UNIS. Note on safety: UNIS has strict safety guidelines that must be followed when students and staff are in the field. The safety aspects of the fieldwork will be part of the admission evaluation process.

BACHELOR LEVEL (200 LEVEL COURSES) FULL TIME SEMESTER STUDY (30 ECTS). The applicant must be enrolled in a bachelor program at his/ her home institution. UNIS arranges some interdisciplinary courses each term at the bachelor level. See the course table for more information.

UNIS OFFERS BACHELOR, MASTER AND PHD LEVEL COURSES IN:

ARCTIC BIOLOGY (AB) ARCTIC GEOLOGY (AG) ARCTIC GEOPHYSICS (AGF) ARCTIC TECHNOLOGY (AT)

ACADEMIC REQUIREMENTS: Department of Arctic Biology: 60 ECTS within general natural science, of which 30 ECTS within the field of biology. Department of Arctic Geophysics: 90 ECTS within the field of mathematics, physics or geophysics. Department of Arctic Geology: 60 ECTS within general natural science, of which 30 ECTS within the field of geology/geosciences. Department of Arctic Technology: 60 ECTS within the field of mathematics, physics, mechanics or chemistry.

MASTER AND PHD LEVEL (300- AND 800-LEVEL COURSES) The applicant must be enrolled in a relevant master or PhD program at his/her home institution. Note: You might find relevant courses within all four UNIS disciplines. DOING PARTS OF A MASTER/PHD DEGREE AT UNIS: A student who has been accepted as a master or PhD student at his/her home institution may carry out parts of his/her master or PhD program at UNIS. This requires a separate application and an academic contact person at UNIS. Guidelines are found at www.unis.no/studies under “Admission”.

The King of the Arctic

aRCTIC TECHNOLOGY STUDENTS...

There are 3000 polar bears and 2500 humans living in Svalbard. Photo: Eva Therese Jenssen

Dette er en bildetekst som skal fĂ¸lge overskriften. Her skriver du en bildetekst. Photo by: Ola Normann

UNIS | ARCTIC SCIENCE FOR GLOBAL CHALLENGES

HOW TO APPLY 1 2 3 4

Register your preliminary application online at: www.unis.no. An application form will then be sent to your registered e-mail. Complete your application by returning the application form and required documentation to UNIS*. You have to attach official credentials when submitting the application form. Application forms that do not contain the required documentation will not be considered in the admission process.

APPLICATION DEADLINES Autumn semester: April 15 Spring semester: October 15

THE ADMISSION PROCEDURE UNIS will notify all applicants about the status of their application (“accepted”, “on waiting list” or “declined”) about 5-7 weeks after the application deadline. Note: Students on waiting lists should be prepared to accept an admission offer on short notice.

Only certified copies of original transcripts and diplomas are accepted. Official translation to Norwegian or English is required.

* Transcript of records (official translation into Norwegian or English), confirmation of student status (admission in a bachelor/master/PhD program), list of courses being accomplished this term/semester.

ACADEMIC MATTERS

ACADEMIC CALENDAR

Autumn semester 2013: July – December Spring semester 2014: January – June

CREDITS AND GRADES UNIS uses the European Credit Transfer System, (ECTS) for credits. One semester of full-time study is 30 ECTS and one year is 60 ECTS. UNIS follows the ECTS standard grading system, with a descending scale from A (top mark) to E for pass and F for fail. In order to pass a course at UNIS the student must pass all assessments that are part of the course. Compulsory educational activities: Please note that most courses include compulsory activities (fieldwork, lab work, etc.), that must be completed and approved in order for a student to take the final exam. See course descriptions for details.

REGISTRATION Students admitted to UNIS, who are enrolled at other Norwegian universities, will remain registered at these universities. These students must pay the semester fee and register for exams at their home university’s Student Web. International students will be registered at the University of Tromsø if no other arrangements have been made. The registration process will take place after arrival at UNIS.

DEADLINE FOR SEMESTER REGISTRATION Autumn semester: September 1 Spring semester: February 1

SEMESTER FEE All students registered for courses at UNIS must pay a semester fee, except students on an exchange program (Erasmus, NORDPLUS or the Fellowship Programme for Studies in the High North). The semester fee must be paid within the registration deadline. Currently the semester fee is NOK 500 (ca EUR 65). Students who fail to register within the deadline will not be registered for the exams.

TRANSCRIPTS AND CERTIFICATES UNIS is not a university, but a university centre, and as such not accredited to offer any programs or degrees, or to issue official transcripts of records. Upon request, a transcript can be issued by the Norwegian university where the student is registered.

UNIS COURSES AS PART OF YOUR UNIVERSITY EDUCATION We recommend all our students to get their UNIS courses approved by their home institution in advance.

UNIS | ARCTIC SCIENCE FOR GLOBAL CHALLENGES

PRACTICAL INFORMATION

ACADEMIC EXPENSES

ACCOMMODATION

UNIS does not have a tuition fee, but in addition to the semester fee mentioned above, students must pay a daily rate of NOK 200 for overnight scientific cruises, fieldwork and excursions. More detailed information about course costs is included in the course descriptions.

The student housing facilities in Longyearbyen are owned and administered by the Student Welfare Organization in Tromsø (SiTø). The student housing is located in Nybyen, about 3 km from the UNIS campus. Please note that there is no public transport in Longyearbyen. The student housing in Nybyen consists of six barracks with a total of 142 single bedrooms. There are no family rooms available. See www.sito.no/en/ svaldbard-housing-english/svalbard for more information. The students must themselves apply for housing after being accepted at a UNIS course.

FINANCING UNIS students are themselves responsible for financing their studies. UNIS offers no financial aid or scholarships. UNIS does not help students with applying for financial assistance either within or outside of Norway. The cost of living on Svalbard is approximately the same as in the rest of Norway. The Norwegian State Educational Loan Fund (Statens Lånekasse) stipulates the cost of living at about NOK 9000 (ca EUR 1110) per month. Norwegian students can apply for support from Statens Lånekasse.

All students must participate in the UNIS safety training. All UNIS students are insured during UNIS field activities, when properly registered in the field log before leaving UNIS. During leisure time you will need private insurance coverage. It is your responsibility to ensure that you have the appropriate types of insurance. This applies to travel, accident and health insurance.

SAFETY AND INSURANCE

UNIS has no responsibility for activities during leisure time. Students must make necessary preparations and safety precautions for private trips. The students who have attended the safety course at UNIS will be allowed to borrow rifles for polar bear protection. The Student Council has also purchased various items of field equipment for students to borrow.

GENERAL INFORMATION BEFORE ARRIVAL Information regarding how to get to Svalbard, what to bring, and general information about Svalbard and Longyearbyen, can be found at www.unis.no/studies under “Student life”. In addition you will get necessary practical information with your admission letter.

UNIS is the core of the Svalbard Science Centre, an international Arctic centre of expertise in research and education, inaugurated in April 2006. Other scientific institutions, such as The Norwegian Polar Institute, and Svalbard Science Forum, are also located in the building.

THE UNIS CAMPUS

UNIS can offer modern lab facilities, PC labs, wireless network all over the building, study rooms and a modern library. More information is found at www.unis.no/studies under “Student life”.

the Svalbard Science Centre

UNIS is a member of the University of the Arctic (UArctic). UArctic is an internatial non governmental organization dedicated to higher education in and about the Circumpolar North. Students at UNIS can participate in online courses of the Circumpolar Studies Program (BCS).

UNIVERSITY OF THE ARCTIC

UNIS OFFERS TWO COURSE COMBINATIONS THAT CAN BE INCLUDED IN THE BCS: POLAR METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAHY

ARCTIC ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY

AGF-213 AND AGF 214 (30 ETCS)

AT-209 AND AT-210 (30 ETCS)

For further information on the BCS, see www.uarctic.org/bcs

modern lab facilities

UNIS can offer modern lab facilities. Photo: Riko Noormets

UNIS is located in the Svalbard Science Centre. Photo: Hanne H. Christiansen

UNIS participates in the UArctic student mobility program, North2North, enabling students at other UArctic member institutions to receive scholarships for studying a semester at UNIS. Special requirement and application deadlines apply. More information: www.uarctic.org/north2north Young researchers at UArctic institutions can get training with shorter courses in relevant fields. An overview of these are found at www.uarctic.org/fieldschool

UNIS | COURSES AT UNIS 2013-2014

COURSES AT UNIS 2013-2014 COURSE

200-LEVEL = BACHELOR 300-LEVEL = MASTER 800-LEVEL = PHD

COURSE NAME

* = INTERDISCIPLINARY COURSES S = STARTS IN JUNE OR JULY

ECTS

AUTUMN 2013

SPRING 2014

ARCTIC BIOLOGY AB-201

Terrestrial Arctic Biology

AB-202

Marine Arctic Biology

AB-203*

Arctic Environmental Management

AB-204

Arctic Ecology and Population Biology

AB-205

Seminar series on impacts of climate change in the Arctic

AB-206

Introduction to Svalbardâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s terrestrial flora and fauna

X (S)

AB-321/821

Marine Benthic Fauna Of Svalbard

AB-323/823

Light Climate and Primary Productivity in the Arctic

AB-326/826

Arctic Plant Ecology

AB-330/830

Ecosystems in Ice Covered Waters

AB-332/832

Arctic Marine Molecular Ecology

AB-333/833

Arctic Limnology

AB-334/834

Underwater Robotics in the Arctic Polar Night

AB-335

Ecosystem-based Management of Arctic Marine Systems

X X X

X X (S) X X

ARCTIC GEOLOGY AG-204

The Physical Geography of Svalbard

AG-209

The Tectonic and Sedimentary History of Svalbard

AG-210

The Quaternary History of Svalbard

AG-211 AG-313/813

Arctic Marine Geology

The Fossils of Svalbard and the Evolution of Life

AG-322/822

Fold and Thrust Belts and Foreland Basin Systems

AG-323/823

Sequence Stratigraphy - A Tool for Basin Analysis

AG-325/825

Glaciology

AG-330/830

Permafrost and Periglacial Environments

AG-332/832

Arctic Terrestrial Quaternary Stratigraphy

X (S)

AG-833

High Arctic Permafrost Landscape Dynamics in Svalbard and Greenland

AG-336/836

Rift Basin Reservoirs: From Outcrop to Model

AG-338/838

Sedimentology Field course: from Despositional Systems to Sedimentary Architecture

X (S)

AG-339/839

Reconstruction of Glacial Marine Sedimentary Processes and Environments on High-latitude Continental Margins

AG-340

Arctic Glaciers and Landscape

AG-341/841

Geological Constraints of CO2 Sequestration

AG-342/842

The Marine Cryosphere and its Cenozoic History

AG-343/843 AG-345/845

Carbonate sedimentology field course

Dating methods and application in Arctic terrestrial and marine Quaternary Geology

X X

X X (S) X

UNIS | COURSES AT UNIS 2013-2014

COURSE

COURSE NAME

ECTS

AUTUMN 2013

SPRING 2014

ARCTIC GEOPHYSICS AGF-210

The Middle Polar Atmosphere

AGF-211

Air – Ice – Sea Interaction I

AGF-212

Snow and Ice Processes

AGF-213

Polar Meteorology and Climate

AGF-214

Polar Ocean Climate

AGF-215

Satellite Monitoring of a Changing Arctic

AGF-216*

The Stormy Sun and the Northern Lights

AGF-301/801

The Upper Polar Atmosphere

AGF-304/804

Radar Diagnostics of Space Plasma

AGF-345/845

Polar Magnetospheric Substorms

AGF-350/850

The Arctic Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Local Climate Process

AGF-352/852

Chemical Oceanography in the Arctic

ARCTIC TECHNOLOGY AT-205

Frozen Ground Engineering for Arctic Infrastructure

AT-209*

Arctic Hydrology and Climate Change

AT-210*

Arctic Environmental Pollution

AT-211

Ice Mechanics, Loads on Structures and Instrumentation

AT-212

Rock Mechanics and Engineering Geology

AT-301/801

Arctic Infrastructures in a Changing Climate

AT-307F

Arctic Offshore Engineering – Fieldwork

AT-314 AT-324/824

Advanced Rock Mechanics and Engineering Geology

Techniques for the detection of Organo-Chemical Pollutants in the Arctic Environment

AT-327/827

Arctic Offshore Engineering

AT-329

Cold Regions Field Investigations

AT-330/830 AT-331/831

Arctic Environmental Toxicology

Arctic Environmental Pollution: Atmospheric Distribution and Processes

AT-332/832

Physical Environmental Loads on Arctic Coastal and Offshore Structures

X X X X X X X

GENERAL COURSES AS-101

Arctic Survival and Safety Course (1 week)

SH-201

The History of Svalbard (2 weeks)

ab-201 students

AB-201 studentson excursion in Magdalenefjorden. Photo: Steve Coulson

UNIS | ARCTIC BIOLOGY

ARCTIC BIOLOGY Despite the apparent harshness of the High Arctic, many organisms are well adapted to this environment. The fauna and flora of Svalbard includes more than 1,800 marine invertebrate species, 1,200 terrestrial or freshwater invertebrate species and over 170 higher plant species in addition to the 21 mammal and 28 bird species. UNIS emphasizes the biological studies (taxonomy, diversity, ecology, physiology) of the fauna and flora of Svalbard related to the physical and chemical environment. Easy access to key habitats gives students and staff at UNIS a unique opportunity to identify and quantify environmental threats in addition to basic knowledge of the Arctic. Field activities are undertaken year-round in combination with regular classroom lectures and laboratory exercises. This integrated approach provides students with a first-hand experience of the biological processes and the natural history of the terrestrial, limnic and marine flora and fauna in an Arctic environment. More information about Arctic Biology at UNIS can be found at this webpage: www.unis.no/studies/biology

RECOMMENDED COURSE COMBINATIONS: AUTUMN

SPRING

AB-206* AB-201 AB-202

AB-203** AB-204

AT-209** AT-210** * = Preparatory course recommended for students admitted into AB-201 **= Interdisciplinary courses In addition, the department offers AB-205 Seminar series on impacts of climate change in the Arctic (5 ECTS) each semester. This is a course for students admitted into the bachelor courses in biology at UNIS.

UNIS | ARCTIC BIOLOGY - BACHELOR COURSES

AB-201

Terrestrial Arctic Biology (15 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester (August-December), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English

Limnology is included as an element of this course with both field projects and linked lectures. Among the vertebrates the ecology of terrestrial birds and mammals and freshwater fish will be discussed. The link between terrestrial and marine ecosystems through seabirds and sea-mammals will be discussed, but this will be dealt with in more detail in the course AB-202 Marine Arctic Biology.

CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

None GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Curriculum ca. 650 pages based on scientific papers and book chapters COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Pernille Bronken Eidesen E-mail: pernille.bronken.eidesen@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork/cruise, NOK 1400 (7 days scientific cruise x NOK 200 per day)

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over a full semester. Total lecture hours: 50 hours. Total seminar hours: 20 hours. Laboratory work: 6 days. Excursion: 10 days (7 days field cruise, 3 days in the vicinity of Longyearbyen).

COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES:

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Field excursions, lab work and written report.

5/18

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS:

Method

60 ECTS within general natural sciences, of which 30 ECTS within the field of biology.

Graded report

Time

25% 75%

LEARNING OUTCOME:

Written exam

Knowledge about the development, structure and function of arctic terrestrial and fresh water biological communities. Thorough understanding of environmental problems in terrestrial and limnic environments. Develop skills in planning a small research project, collect field data, analyse data, and write a scientific report.

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course offers an introduction to terrestrial and fresh water biological communities of the Arctic, approached by considering the development of the arctic terrestrial biota, adaptations of organisms to Arctic terrestrial habitats and how the organism interacts, both within and between trophic levels, with a special emphasis on the vascular plants and invertebrate fauna of Svalbard. The role of the climatic history and the current physical conditions of the Arctic as well as the biological interactions in shaping arctic communities will be explored in comparison with communities of other terrestrial and limnic regions. The structure and diversity of plant communities, both at species and gene level, will be studied in relation to evolutionary history, plant traits, climate, soil properties, soil micro-flora and herbivory. For invertebrates, the emphasis will be on the ecology of those groups that are of greatest significance on Svalbard.

5 hours

Percentage of final grade

UNIS | ARCTIC BIOLOGY - BACHELOR COURSES

AB-202

Marine Arctic Biology (15 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester (August-December), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

None GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Curriculum/reading list: Sakshaug et al. (2009): “Ecosystem Barents Sea”. Ca. 80 pages from articles COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Tove M. Gabrielsen E-mail: tove.gabrielsen@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork/cruise, ca. NOK 1400 (7 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/18

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

trophic levels, and how the arctic marine system functions. Food chains and energy transport paths will be discussed. Elementary physical oceanography will be included in the lectures. The excursions include pelagic and benthic localities, and if possible also sea ice localities. Sampling techniques and analytical methods for environmental variables will be presented. The role of key species in special ecosystems, e.g. the ice-edge, under-ice and bottom biotopes will be demonstrated. Students will take part in projects to be presented at the end of the course.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over a full semester. Total lecture hours: ca. 50 hours. Seminar: 20 hours. Lab exercises: 40 hours. Excursions: 10 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: 60 ECTS within general natural sciences, of which 30 ECTS within the field of biology.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge Knowledge of the marine Arctic flora and fauna, and how marine ecosystems are built up and function. Skills Collection and identification of marine flora and fauna from benthic and pelagic ecosystems. Competence Practical experience in how to put field data into scientific contexts, including statistical analyses of their data as well as scientific writing.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course gives an introduction to the most important Arctic marine organisms, from plankton to whales, and their adaptations and physiological responses to their environment. Microorganisms, plankton, invertebrates and fishes will be described as a background to understand algae and animal associations in pack-ice, ice-free water masses and on the bottom of Arctic seas and fjords. The treatment of subjects such as seabirds and sea-mammals includes their distribution and migration patterns, lifehistory and physiological adaptations. Energy budgets will be highlighted. Emphasis will also be put on the complexity of Arctic marine ecosystems from primary producers to top predators, the biomass and productivity at different

Field excursions, lab exercises and written reports. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method Written exam

Time

Percentage of final grade

5 hours

100%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC BIOLOGY - BACHELOR COURSES

AB-203

Arctic Environmental Management (15 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring semester (January-May/June), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

Competence Be competent to discuss management issues. Have an understanding of ecological interactions and the effects of human activity on this ecology. Ability to employ knowledge gained to proficiently discuss exploitation of the Arctic. Ability to work as part of a team in managing conflicting wishes and aspirations. Be able to apply knowledge and skills acquired to other global regions.

None GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Curriculum/reading list: 650 pages based on scientific papers and book chapters COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Steve Coulson E-mail: steve.coulson@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

None COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/25

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: The course is interdisciplinary. Students must meet the prerequisites for UNIS undergraduate studies in biology, geology, geophysics or technology.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge First-hand knowledge of key Arctic environmental issues. In particular, a comprehensive understanding of management systems, legal framework and challenges pertaining to the environmental and the utilization of natural resources in the Arctic using the Barents Sea region as a case study. Understanding of the complexity of management including fisheries, minerals, pollutants, town planning, environmental impact assessments, Svalbard Treaty and Svalbard Environmental Act, international law and international relations, ecology of Arctic animals and how this influencing sustainable harvesting, philosophy of management and environmental protection. Understanding of the stresses on the environment and communities inhabiting this unique region, and of the intricacy of Arctic environmental issues and the cross-state boundary nature of these matters. Skills Basic skills and background to pursue a career in environmental conservation and the management of natural resources. Aclearunderstandingof,andanabilitytomanage,the current principle stressors impacting the Arctic. Ability to assess conflicting demands and aspirations as well as understand cultural differences will be gained.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The development of management strategies and practice is presented against a background of knowledge concerning the geophysical, biological processes and politics characterizing the Arctic. The focus is on the Svalbard region of the European Arctic. An introduction to the Svalbard community; the Svalbard Treaty; international conventions, and legal regulations as a framework for managerial rule in the Svalbard region, Arctic Council and international organizations; structure, legal basis and fields of responsibilities for institutions involved in the management of Arctic natural resources; the philosophy of Arctic management, basic information on the Arctic geophysical environment, ecosystems and resource dynamics, human presence in the Arctic geophysical environmental, ecosystem, and natural resources; challenges and conflict scenarios relating to resource management in the Arctic including impact assessment procedures; environmental strategies, encroachment analysis and assessment systems for ecological key components relating to environment and resource management. The course introduces students to procedures, methods and technology central to environmental monitoring and management planning. Role playing workshops provide insight into the role of cultural differences in the management of the Arctic.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over a full semester. Total lecture/seminar and excursion hours: 70 hours.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Presentation. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Presentation Written exam

5 hours

Percentage of final grade

20% 80%

All assessments must be fulfilled in order to receive a final grade.

UNIS | ARCTIC BIOLOGY - BACHELOR COURSES

AB-204

Arctic Ecology and Population Biology (15 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring semester (January-May/June), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

None GRADE:

communities are affected by the arctic environment. The concept of food-webs will be introduced. The fundamentals of population dynamics are presented, emphasizing single species dynamics, trophic interactions, and effects of environmental changes in time and space (climate, habitat heterogeneity). The adaptations to life in the arctic will be introduced looking particularly at life-history parameters and reproductive strategies. Past and future effects of climate change on the ecology and population biology of Arctic organisms will be discussed.

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Gotelli, NJ.: “A primer of Ecology” (4. ed., 291 pp.). Compendiums, relevant book chapters and articles from the primary literature (ca. 300 pp). COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Ole Jørgen Lønne E-mail: ole.jorgen.lonne@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 800-1200 (4-6 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

The theories presented will be exemplified with case studies from various Arctic organisms. An introduction to Arctic field and lab studies will be given to illustrate different aspects of ecology and population biology.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over a full semester. Total lecture hours: 60 hours. Total seminar hours: 30 hours. Laboratory work: 30 hours. Field excursions: 4-6 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: 60 ECTS within general natural sciences, of which 30 ECTS within the field of biology.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge Knowledge of fundamental theories of modern ecology including single species populations, two-species interactions and community and systems measures. Basic understanding of how various organisms meet the challenges of life in the Arctic. Be familiar with selected scientific work within the field. Skills Skills in using the software system R for development of simple models. Under guidance, be able to plan a scientific survey, collect and organize data to be used to investigate selected theoretical problems. Competence Competent to develop and explore simple models using the software system R. Be able to handle selected tools used in ecology to collect and process biological data and evaluate based on the data collected during fieldwork. Be able to critically evaluate, present and discuss relevant primary literature within the field.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course gives an introduction to the challenges that various organisms meet when living in the Arctic, and describes how individuals adapt to and populations and

Field excursions and laboratory exercises. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Graded paper Written exam

5 hours

Percentage of final grade

20% 80%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC BIOLOGY - BACHELOR COURSES

AB-205

Seminar series on impacts of climate change in the Arctic (5 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn and spring semester (mid-semester), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

None GRADE:

Pass/fail

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: Two seminars (one week each) each semester. Students must attend both seminars within one semester to get credits for the course. Each seminar will have a non-overlapping topic, and will be compressed into one-week sessions. Students may hence follow the course for two or only one semester in parallel to the other 200-courses. Each seminar will consist of ca. 15 hours of lectures and 15 hours of discussion sessions/debates were the students are using the course literature and lectures to debate given topics.

COURSE MATERIALS:

Reading lists will be handed out for each semester, and will include selected books, book chapters, relevant news / media and primary literature COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Participation in the seminars.

Course responsible: To be announced UNIS contact person: Tove M. Gabrielsen E-mail: tove.gabrielsen@unis.no

All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

COURSE COSTS:

ASSESSMENT:

None COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Not applicable

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: This course cannot be applied for separately. Open only to fulltime bachelor students in biology at UNIS.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Insights into likely biological consequences on a continued warming of the Arctic. We will discuss various aspects regarding past and present climate, and how our environment (ranging from individual species to ecosystems) is likely to change following changes in the climate. A special focus will be at species / systems unique for the arctic.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: Each seminar will focus on given topics related to climate change, impacts/effects on ecosystems and a comparison between current and past changes in the climate. One or two invited main lecturers will present their views and insights each time, and students will be expected to participate actively through both reading and presenting provided background material. Open discussions and handing in a personal essay on the topic. Main topics covered over time included detectable effects on terrestrial and marine ecosystems, past vs. present changes, main challenges for environmental management, local vs. pan-arctic effects and threats related to loss of sea ice.

Method One essay One oral presentation

Time

Percentage of final grade

50% 50%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC BIOLOGY - BACHELOR COURSES

AB-206

TEACHING ACTIVITIES:

Introduction to Svalbard’s terrestrial flora and fauna (5 ECTS)

This is a ten day intensive course, held at the end of July. After introductory lectures during the first day, we will spend one day in the field in the vicinity of Longyearbyen where we will set out insect traps and collect plant material. The next two or three days will be focused on vascular plants, with complimentary lectures, fieldwork, and laboratory exercises. Then the insect traps will be retrieved and the sampled material prepared and identified in the laboratory during the following two to three days.

COURSE PERIOD:

Summer (July), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

None GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Lectures, laboratory exercises and field trips these days will be focused around the fauna.

Systematic and species knowledge of about 100-120 vascular plant species, and the relevant fauna taxa COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Pernille Bronken Eidesen E-mail: pernille.bronken.eidesen@unis.no

COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

Total lecture hours: 10 hours. Total seminar hours: 3 hours. Laboratory work: 18 hours. Excursions: 5 days (one full day, four shorter days).

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES:

COURSE COSTS:

None 5/18

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue. 5 hand outs in A4 binder at each examination station: 1, 2. Rønning 1996 Svalbard’s flora in English and Norwegian. 3. List of plant names with synonyms. 4. Additional Draba and Festuca keys. 5. Overview of mites and collembolans.

Field excursions and laboratory exercises. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS:

Written exam

Time

Percentage of final grade

4 hours

100%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

60 ECTS within natural sciences, of which 30 ECTS within the field of biology. The course is strongly recommended as a preparation for students following the autumn course AB-201 Arctic Terrestrial Biology, and students participating in AB-201 will be prioritized.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Students will learn how to use identification keys and to recognize the common terrestrial species or taxa in Svalbard, with main focus on vascular plants, invertebrates and birds. The course will give insight into phylogeny, taxonomy, systematics, species concepts and the various techniques used in systematic research.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The intentions are to give bachelor students an introduction to the main taxonomic groups present in Svalbard, the importance of systematic research, nomenclature (Latin) and the difficulties related to taxonomy in many arctic species, which often have wide distribution ranges, and show high levels of intraspecific variation.

An Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) in its winter coat. Photo: Robert Pfau.

UNIS | ARCTIC BIOLOGY - MASTER COURSES

AB-321

Marine Benthic Fauna of Svalbard (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester (September-October), every second year LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS with AB-821 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Primary scientific literature: 300-350 pages. COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Course responsible: Paul Renaud E-mail: pr@akvaplan.niva.no UNIS contact person: Ole Jørgen Lønne E-mail: ole.jorgen.lonne@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, ca. NOK 2800 (14 days x NOK 200 per day)

implemented into the course. It will vary from year-to-year depending on selection of research projects by the lecturers.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: One-week theoretical introduction and preparation of field activities will be followed by a two-week research cruise. During this cruise, sampling will be conducted in different localities around Svalbard (fjord and off-shelf). The last part of the course (around 2 weeks) will contain lab exercises focused on species identification and other relevant analysis of the collected material on which an approved lab report will be submitted. The course extends over 4-5 weeks and is run in combination with AB-821. Total lecture hours: 30 hours. Laboratory/exercises/seminars: 30 hours. Scientific cruise: Ca. 2 Weeks.

COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES:

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Field excursions. Lab report and oral presentation.

5/18 students (AB-321/821 in total) Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS:

Method

Enrolment in a master program in biology and knowledge similar to AB-202 Arctic Marine Biology.

Practical exam

3 hours

Written exam

5 hours

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge Insight into biodiversity and ecological interactions in a high arctic ecosystem. Insight into the taxonomy, biogeography and ecology of the main benthic species in Svalbard waters and the polar basin North of Svalbard. Skills Thorough knowledge of common arctic marine benthic species, common benthic sampling techniques. Competence Practical experience putting field data into scientific contexts, statistical analysis and interpretation of biodiversity data.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The students will gain insight into the taxonomy, biogeography and ecology of the main benthic species in Svalbard waters and the polar basin North of Svalbard. The course has a special emphasis on hands-on identification of benthos as well as processes important for understanding the Arctic ecosystem. Lecturesdealwith identification of benthic species,lifehistory and functional traits, trophic interactions and physical forcing. The practical field work will be designed by the teachers and

Time

Percentage of final grade

50% 50%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC BIOLOGY - MASTER COURSES

AB-323

Light Climate and Primary Productivity in the Arctic (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring semester (May-June), every second year LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS with AB-823 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Will be announced COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Course responsible: Geir Johnsen E-mail: geir.johnsen@bio.ntnu.no UNIS contact person: Tove Gabrielsen E-mail:tove.gabrielsen@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, ca. NOK 1400 (7 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

The course also includes laboratory/field exercises in which students study how different algal groups utilize available light for photosynthesis and growth. Practical work includes taxonomy (microscope, pictures, molecular overview), primary production measurements using fluorescence kinetics to estimate electron transfer rates (Pulse Amplitude Modulated fluorometry), and light absorption and utilization (spectrophotometer, irradiance meters, spectroradiometer).

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 4 weeks and is run in combination with AB-823. Total lecture hours: 30 hours. Total seminar hours: 8 hours. Laboratory work: 30 hours. Excursion: 7 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES:

5/18 students (AB-323/823 in total)

Field excursions, laboratory work and one approved report.

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

ASSESSMENT: REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS:

Method

Enrolled in a master program in biology.

Written exam

LEARNING OUTCOME: Students will acquire an understanding of the system ecology and photo-biology of the Arctic micro- and macroalgae and how growth is related to environmental key factors. Students will also gain hands on experience of lab- and fieldwork in the Arctic.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: This course reviews the main variables (light regime, temperature, nutrients, salinity & CO2) affecting marine primary production in the Arctic. We focus on how phytoplankton, sea-ice microalgae and macroalgae are adapted (long term adjustments) and acclimatize (short term adjustments) to variations in the light regime (irradiance, its spectral composition and day length), temperature, salinity and CO2 concentration. The lectures are based on literature on algal photosynthesis, general physiology, ecology, and we also focus on differences between various algal classes and pigment groups (chemo-, bio-optical- and molecular taxonomy).

Time

Percentage of final grade

4 hours

100%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC BIOLOGY - MASTER COURSES

AB-326

Arctic Plant Ecology (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Summer semester (July-August), every second year LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS with AB-826 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Ca. 25 scientific papers COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Ingibj枚rg Svala J贸nsd贸ttir E-mail: ingibjorg.svala.jonsdottir@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 1600 (8 days x NOK 200 per day)

focus will be on the vascular flora of Svalbard. The second and main part of the course will be devoted to practical studies of vegetation differentiation, species diversity, patterns of growth forms (including cryptogams) and reproductive strategies (mainly vascular plants) in relation to climate, grazing pressure, micro topography, bedrock and other edaphic aspects. Svalbard is particularly well suited for such studies with its sharp gradients in climatic conditions over short distances, with variety of exposed bedrock types and large contrasts among different areas in grazing pressure by reindeer and geese, created by the dramatic topography and glacier blockades. During eight days ship-cruise we will visit different bioclimatic zones in Svalbard from the most species rich places to the polar desert. The students will work on specific projects and produce scientific reports. The course is also relevant for students focusing on alpine flora.

COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/18 students (AB-326/826 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a master program in biology. The student must be working on a thesis project where the course will be seen as relevant.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 5 weeks and is run in combination with AB-826. Total lecture/seminar hours: 30 hours. Lab work: 20 hours. Field cruise: 8 days. Day excursions: 3 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Field excursions and lab work.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Students will gain knowledge of the arctic vegetation origin, evolution and diversity, and understand 1) the major environmental factors that control vegetation distribution, 2) how special adaptations enable survival under arctic conditions, 3) the biotic and abiotic interactions and functions of vegetation in the Arctic. Students will strongly develop their general skills in planning, implement, analysing and writing up a scientific project.

All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method Graded report Graded presentation

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course will start with a week theoretical part intertwined with demonstrations during short excursions around Longyearbyen. The present distribution of the Arctic flora and vegetation as well as genetic patterns within and among Arctic plant populations will be presented and discussed in the view of the glacial history of the Arctic. The traits and adaptations of arctic plants will be discussed in the light of the specific selection pressures caused by the physical environment and the biotic interactions in different habitats. There will also be focused on the importance of mycorrhizal plant-fungi interactions. The resilience of the Arctic flora and vegetation to climatic changes will be considered. The main

Time

Percentage of final grade

80% 20%

All assessments must be fulfilled in order to receive a final grade.

UNIS | ARCTIC BIOLOGY - MASTER COURSES

AB-330

Ecosystems in ice covered waters (10 ects)

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring semester (April-May), every second year. LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS overlap with AB-830 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Articles and book chapters COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Ole JĂ¸rgen LĂ¸nne E-mail: ole.jorgen.lonne@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 1600 (8 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/18 students (AB-330/830 in total)

sea-ice system as a model unit. Ecological networks are typically represented by food-webs. Who is present and who affects whom directly or indirectly through feeding interactions will be highlighted using both binary and trophic food web models. Energy (and possibly carbon) transferred through the lower trophic levels will be a focal point. Lectures will deal with methods and theories related to the structure, dynamics and function of marine food webs. It will further be a focus on methods used (such as DNA tracers, stable isotopes, lipid chemistry and stomach analysis) to detect pathways. Models used in the analysis of biological networks will be introduced. The course may have a different geographical focus (Fjord, SSIZ, MSIZ, PSIZ etc.) depending on the system studied. Different sub-elements of the system will be in focus in different years.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over ca. 5 weeks and is run in combination with AB-830.

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a master program in biology.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge Advanced knowledge of theories available to study the structure and dynamics of ecosystems with the sea-ice system as a model unit. A deeper understanding of the relevance of the physical properties of the ice habitat (age, structure, history etc.), and the ice - water boundary layer in shaping observed ecosystem structures. Skills Skills in planning a project, collecting data, handling scientific instruments used in sea ice ecology on scientific cruises and skills in writing scientific reports based on data collected during fieldwork. Advanced skills in operating various field devices for collection biological and physical data in a sea ice covered environment. Competence A fundamental understanding of ecosystem structure and functioning of ecosystems in ice covered waters. The ability to apply this knowledge to other types of ecosystems. Competence in planning and doing fieldwork in ice covered areas and challenging environmental conditions.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course gives the students an insight into theories, tools and methods available to study the structure, dynamics and related processes of ecosystems with the

Total lecture hours: 30 hours. Laboratory exercises/seminars: 30 hours. Excursion: Ca. 8 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Field excursions and laboratory work. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method Graded report Graded presentation

Time

Percentage of final grade

80% 20%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course..

UNIS | ARCTIC BIOLOGY â&#x20AC;&#x201C; MASTER COURSES

AB-332

Arctic Marine Molecular Ecology (10 ECTS)

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 5 weeks and is run in combination with AB-832.

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester (November), every second year LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English

Total lecture and seminar hours: 30-40 hours. Laboratory work: 10 days. Excursions: 3-5 days.

CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS with AB-832 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Curriculum; ca. 350 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Field excursions, laboratory work and one laboratory report. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

Tove M. Gabrielsen E-mail: tove.gabrielsen@unis.no

ASSESSMENT:

COURSE COSTS:

Method

Fieldwork, NOK 1000 (5 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/18 students (AB-332/832 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a relevant master program.

LEARNING OUTCOME: The course gives an insight into the possibilities that molecular tools bring to studies in marine ecology, and into the limitations of the various molecular genetic tools available. The students will get hands-on experience in the use of selected molecular genetic procedures.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: Molecular genetics represents a continuously more significant part of the toolbox of marine ecologists. Such tools are invaluable in studies of e.g., biodiversity, microbial ecology, environmental genomics and transcriptomics, trophic interactions, and in general in studies aiming to understand the evolutionary backdrop of ecological processes. UNIS provides a unique high-arctic molecular laboratory, and we will take the opportunity to utilize the Isfjorden system as our own marine laboratory where field projects will be conducted and samples for molecular genetic analyses will be collected. The combination of field-based high-arctic studies with the use of molecular genetic techniques enables an increased understanding of the high arctic ecosystem. The course will focus on select parts of the ecosystem, although giving an introduction to the whole system. The utility of molecular tools will be discussed and demonstrated, and will represent a significant part of the student projects.

Written exam

Time 4 hours

Percentage of final grade

100%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC BIOLOGY â&#x20AC;&#x201C; MASTER COURSES

AB-333

TEACHING ACTIVITIES:

Arctic Limnology (10 ECTS)

The course extends over 4-5 weeks and is run in combination with AB-833.

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring semester, every second year

Total lecture hours: 20 hours. Total seminar hours: 8 hours. Laboratory work: 5 days. Excursion: 7 days.

LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS with AB-833 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F)

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES:

COURSE MATERIALS:

Field excursions and laboratory work.

Curriculum; ca. 350 pages

All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Course responsible: To be announced UNIS contact person: Steve Coulson E-mail: steve.coulson@unis.no

ASSESSMENT:

COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 1400 (7 days x NOK 200 per day)

Method

COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/18 students (AB-333/833 in total)

Graded report

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

Oral exam

Time

Percentage of final grade

70% 30%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a relevant master program.

LEARNING OUTCOME: The course gives insight into the diversity and ecology of arctic lakes, ponds and rivers, and their different stages of development as a result of natural and anthropogenic processes.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: Limnology is the scientific study of lakes, rivers, and wetlands. It is an interdisciplinary science, encompassing the biology, chemistry, geology, and physics of freshwater systems. This course are focusing on the biology, from microorganisms to fish, of arctic lakes and streams, and how the various abiotic factors are influencing the biological diversity and ecology within these systems, the trohpic interactions, and nutrient and energy flows between the terrestrial and limnic systems. The course will also emphasize the potential effects of global climate and environmental change and increased human activity on freshwater ecosystems in arctic regions.

Arctic Biology students on fieldwork in Billefjorden. Photo: Steve Coulson.

UNIS | ARCTIC BIOLOGY – MASTER COURSES

AB-334

Underwater Robotics in the Arctic Polar Night (10 ECTS)

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 5 weeks and is run in combination with AB-834.

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring semester (January-February), every second year LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English

Total lecture hours: 30 hours. Total seminar hours: 30 hours. Laboratory work and excursions: 10 days.

CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS with AB-834 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Curriculum/reading list; ca. 450 pages

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Field excursions and laboratory work. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Course responsible: Geir Johnsen and Jørgen Berge Unis contact person: Tove Gabrielsen E-mail: tove.gabrielsen@unis.no Ole Jørgen Lønne E-mail: ole.jorgen.lonne@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 2000 (10 days x NOK 200 per day)

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Graded report

COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/18 students (AB-334/834 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a master program in biology and knowledge similar to AB-202 Arctic Marine Biology.

LEARNING OUTCOME: To provide students with the ability to plan and conduct marine research using underwater robotics. In particular, concerning underwater robotics the students will be introduced to design, configuration, and hands-on operation of advanced platforms, both autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) and Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs), during the polar night. Use and interpretation of sensor data will also be important part of course. Scientific question will be developed during the course, and platforms / sensors deployed accordingly.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: This course consist of 3 modules; 1. Underwater robotics and use of different sensors, 2. Mapping and monitoring of arctic bio-geo and chemical objects of interest, and 3. Polar night marine biology.

Written exam

4 hours

Percentage of final grade

50% 50%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC BIOLOGY – MASTER COURSES

AB-335

Ecosystem-based Management of Arctic Marine Systems (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester (August-September), every second year

The course has a special emphasis on hands-on experience in using assessment tools in operation today such as swept area, acoustic integration, tuned VPA, biomass models and on-going processes to develop the EBM concept. The course has a strong focus on the biological and ecosystem input to a full EBM procedure.

LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS with AB-835* GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Primary scientific literature: 300 - 350 pages, in addition to lectures COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Course responsible: To be announced UNIS contact person: Ole Jørgen Lønne E-mail: ole.jorgen.lonne@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 2800 (14 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over ca 5 weeks. A one-week theoretical introduction and preparation of field activities will be followed by a two week research cruise. During the cruise the students will take part in the Institute of Marine research’s regular survey in Svalbard waters. Novel methods will be tested as part of the development of the EBM concept. Data collection will be conducted in different localities around Svalbard (fjord and off-shelf). The last part of the course (around 2 weeks) will be devoted to development of an assessment report based on methods carried out during the cruise.

5/18 students

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

Total lecture hours: 30 hrs. Exercises/seminars: 30 hrs. Scientific cruise: 2 weeks.

*A PhD version of the course is planned and will be introduced parallel with the AB-335 next time the course is offered.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a master program in biology, and knowledge similar to AB-202 Arctic Marine Biology, and introductory university level in mathematics and biological statistics.

LEARNING OUTCOME: The students will gain insight into established and new methods related to the assessment of single commercial stocks and into methods used to assess ecosystem health. They will gain insight into new research and methods relevant for future ecosystem based management (EBM). By the end of the course they will know the process that starts with raw data and ends up in recommendations to national and international bodies. They will further have an insight into known and potential arctic species of commercial value and how arctic ecosystems are managed.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: EBM is an environmental management approach that recognizes the full array of interactions within an ecosystem, including humans, rather than considering single issues, species, or ecosystem services in isolation. The integrated management of the marine environment in the Svalbard area is based on the framework laid out in the management plan for the marine environment of the Barents sea and the sea areas off the Lofoten islands.

Fieldwork exercises, one oral presentation and one report. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method Written exam

Time

Percentage of final grade

5 hours

100%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course..

August outing

On field excursion to Kapp LinnĂŠ. Photo by: Steve Coulson.

UNIS | ARCTIC BIOLOGY – PhD COURSES

AB-821

Marine Benthic Fauna of Svalbard (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester (September-October), every second year LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS with AB-321

GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Primary scientific literature, 400-450 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Course responsible: Paul Renaud E-mail: pr@akvaplan.no UNIS contact person: Ole Jørgen Lønne E-mail: ole.jorgen.lonne@unis.no

The last week of the PhD course is dedicated to writing a scientific report / paper based on the data from the cruise, and will include seminars on data analysis and presentation, and report writing. The course extends over 5-6 weeks and is run in combination with AB-321.

COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 2800 (14 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/18 students (AB-321/821 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a PhD program in biology and knowledge similar to AB-202 Arctic Marine Biology.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The students will gain insight into the taxonomy, biogeography and ecology of the main benthic species in Svalbard waters and the polar basin North of Svalbard. The course has a special emphasis on hands-on identification of benthos as well as processes important for understanding the Arctic ecosystem. Lectures deal with identification of benthic species, life history and functional traits, trophic interactions and physical forcing. The practical field work will be designed by the teachers and implemented into the course. It will vary from year-to-year depending on selection of research projects by the lecturers.

Total lecture hours: 40 hours. Laboratory/exercises/seminars: 40 hours. Scientific cruise: app. 2 weeks.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Field excursions, laboratory work, scientific report and one oral presentation. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Written exam

5 hours

Practical exam

3 hours

Final written graded report

Percentage of final grade

33,3% 33,3% 33,3%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC BIOLOGY â&#x20AC;&#x201C; PhD COURSES

AB-823

Light Climate and Primary Productivity in the Arctic (10 ECTS)

COURSE OFFERED:

Spring semester (May-June), every second year LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS with AB-323

GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Curriculum ca. 650 pages based on scientific papers and book chapters

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 4 weeks and is run in combination with AB-323.

COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Course responsible: Geir Johnsen E-mail: geir.johnsen@bio.ntnu.no UNIS contact person: Tove Gabrielsen E-mail: tove.gabrielsen@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, approx. NOK 1400 (7 days x NOK 200 per day)

Total lecture hours: 30 hours. Total seminar hours: 8 hours. Laboratory work: 30 hours. Excursion: 7 days.

COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES:

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Field excursions, laboratory work, one approved report and a presentation on a given topic.

5/18 students (AB-323/823 in total) Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/SPECIFIC COURSE REQUIREMENTS:

All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Percentage of final grade

4 hours

100%

Enrolled in a PhD program in biology. Written exam

LEARNING OUTCOME: Students will acquire a deep comprehension of the system ecology and photo-biology of the Arctic micro- and macroalgae and how growth is related to environmental key factors. The combination of complimentary lectures, and field-based practical work will further their understanding of the environmental challenges, especially climate induced differences in time and space. Student-lead project work will enhance skills in experimental design and analysis including the demands and limitations of field work in extreme environments.

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC BIOLOGY – PhD COURSES

AB-826

Arctic Plant Ecology (10 ECTS)

COURSE OFFERED:

Autumn semester (July-August), every second year LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS with AB-326 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F)

The second and main part of the course will be devoted to practical studies of vegetation differentiation, species diversity, patterns of growth forms (including cryptogams) and reproductive strategies (mainly vascular plants) in relation to climate, grazing pressure, micro topography, bedrock and other edaphic aspects. Svalbard is particularly well suited for such studies with its sharp gradients in climatic conditions over short distances, with variety of exposed bedrock types and large contrasts among different areas in grazing pressure by reindeer and geese, created by the dramatic topography and glacier blockades.

COURSE MATERIALS:

Ca. 25 scientific papers COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Ingibjörg Svala Jónsdóttir E-mail: ingibjorg.svala.jonsdottir@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 1600 (8 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/18 students (AB-326/826 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/SPECIFIC COURSE REQUIREMENTS:

During eight days ship-cruise we will visit different bioclimatic zones in Svalbard from the most species rich places to the polar desert. The students will work on specific projects and produce scientific reports. The course is also relevant for students focusing on alpine flora.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 5 weeks and is run in combination with AB-326. Total lecture/seminar hours: 30 hours. Lab work: 20 hours. Field cruise: 8 days. Day excursions: 3 days.

Enrolment in a PhD program in biology. The student must be working on a thesis project where the course will be seen as relevant.

Each PhD student must prepare and present scientific papers for discussion during seminar sessions.

LEARNING OUTCOME:

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES:

Students will gain knowledge of the arctic vegetation origin, evolution and diversity, and understand 1) the major environmental factors that control vegetation distribution, 2) how special adaptations enable survival under arctic conditions, 3) the biotic and abiotic interactions and functions of vegetation in the Arctic. Students will strongly develop their general skills in planning, implement, analysing and writing up a scientific project. Further, they will develop their skills in critical-thinking, evaluating and present scientific work, and prepare oral presentations.

Field excursions, laboratory work and seminar presentation.

All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method Graded report Graded presentation

Time

Percentage of final grade

80% 20%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC BIOLOGY – PhD COURSES

AB-830

Ecosystems in Ice Covered Waters (10 ECTS)

COURSE OFFERED:

Spring semester (April-May), every second year. LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS overlap with AB-330 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Articles and book chapters COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Ole Jørgen Lønne E-mail: ole.jorgen.lonne@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 1600 (8 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/18 students (AB-330/830 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course give the students an insight into theories, tools and methods available to study the structure, dynamics and related processes of ecosystems with the sea-ice system as a model unit. Ecological networks are typically represented by food-webs. Who is present and who affects whom directly or indirectly through feeding interactions will be highlighted using both binary and trophic food web models. Energy (and possibly carbon) transferred through the lower trophic levels will be a focal point. Lectures will deal with methods and theories related to the structure, dynamics and function of marine food webs. It will further be a focus on methods used (such as DNA tracers, stable isotopes, lipid chemistry and stomach analysis) to detect pathways. Models used in the analysis of biological networks will be introduced. The course may have a different geographical focus (Fjord, SSIZ, MSIZ, PSIZ etc.) depending on the system studied. Different sub-elements of the system will be in focus in different years.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/SPECIFIC COURSE REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a PhD program in biology.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge Advanced knowledge of theories available to study the structure and dynamics of ecosystems with the sea-ice system as a model unit. A deeper understanding of the relevance of the physical properties of the ice habitat (age, structure, history etc.), and the ice - water boundary layer in shaping observed ecosystem structures. Skills Skills in planning a project, collecting data, handling scientific instruments used in sea ice ecology on scientific cruises and skills in writing scientific reports based on data collected during fieldwork. Advanced skills in operating various field devices for collection biological and physical data in a sea ice covered environment. Competence A fundamental understanding of ecosystem structure and functioning of ecosystems in ice covered waters. The ability to apply this knowledge to other types of ecosystems. Have the background to contribute to new knowledge, theories and methods within the field. Have the competence to plan and carry out research in ice covered areas and challenging environmental conditions.

The course extends over ca. 6 weeks and is run in combination with AB-330. Total lecture hours: 30 hours. Laboratory exercise/seminars: 30 hours. Excursion: Ca. 8 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Field excursions, laboratory work, presentation of scientific papers as a lecture or seminar. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Graded assignment Graded report Written exam

3 hours

Percentage of final grade

20% 40% 40%

The graded assignment is based on one or more scientific papers that the students will present during the course as a lecture or seminar. All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC BIOLOGY â&#x20AC;&#x201C; PhD COURSES

AB-832

Arctic Marine Molecular Ecology (10 ECTS)

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 5 weeks and is run in combination with AB-332.

COURSE OFFERED:

Autumn semester (October-November), every second year LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English

Total lecture and seminar hours: 30-40 hours. Laboratory work: 10 days. Excursions: 3-5 days.

CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS with AB-332 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Curriculum ca. 350 pages

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Field excursions, laboratory work, one written report in the form of a scientific paper. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Tove M. Gabrielsen E-mail: tove.gabrielsen@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 1000 (5 days x NOK 200 per day)

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Percentage of final grade

4 hours

100%

COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/18 students (AB-332/832 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/SPECIFIC COURSE REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a relevant PhD program.

Written exam

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC BIOLOGY â&#x20AC;&#x201C; PhD COURSES

AB-833

Arctic Limnology (10 ECTS)

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 4-5 weeks and is run in combination with AB-333.

COURSE OFFERED:

Spring semester, every second year LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS with AB-333 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Curriculum; ca. 350 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Course responsible: To be announced UNIS contact person: Steve Coulson E-mail: steve.coulson@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 1400 (7 days x NOK 200 per day)

Total lecture hours: 20 hours. Total seminar hours: 8 hours. Laboratory work: 5 days. Excursion: 7 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Field excursions and lab work, one written report. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Percentage of final grade

COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/18 students (AB-333/833 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

Graded report Oral exam

70% 30%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/SPECIFIC COURSE REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a relevant PhD program.

UNIS | ARCTIC BIOLOGY – PhD COURSES

AB-834

Underwater Robotics in the Arctic Polar Night (10 ECTS)

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 5 weeks and is run in combination with AB-334.

COURSE OFFERED:

Spring semester (January-February), every second year LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS with AB-334

The course will include a practical deployment of a research mission using the available platforms / sensors. Research question for the deployment will be developed during the course together with the teachers. The report is developed in the form of a scientific paper.

GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Curriculum/reading list; ca. 450 pages

Total lecture hours: 30 hours. Total seminar hours: 30 hours. Laboratory work and excursions: 10 days.

COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Course responsible: Geir Johnsen and Jørgen Berge UNIS contact person: Tove Gabrielsen E-mail: tove.gabrielsen@unis.no Ole Jørgen Lønne E-mail: ole.jorgen.lonne@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Field excursions, laboratory work and one written report in the form of a scientific paper. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

Fieldwork, NOK 2000 (10 days x NOK 200) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/18 students (AB-334/834 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Graded report/paper

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/SPECIFIC COURSE REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a PhD program in biology and knowledge similar to AB-202 Arctic Marine Biology.

LEARNING OUTCOME: To provide students with the ability to plan and conduct marine research using underwater robotics. In particular,concerningunderwaterroboticsthestudentswillbe introduced to design, configuration, and hands-on operation of advanced platforms, both autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) and Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs), during the polar night. Use and interpretation of sensor data will also be important part of course. Scientific question will be developed during the course, and platforms / sensors deployed accordingly.

Written exam

4 hours

Percentage of final grade

50% 50%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

Pit-stop at Fredheim

Student excursion to Tempelfjorden. Photo: Steve Coulson.

Walking on ice

AG-210 students on field excursion to Nordenskiรถld glacier in Billefjorden. Photo by: Anne Hormes.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY

ARCTIC GEOLOGY The geology of Svalbard comprises an outstanding succession of Proterozoic, Palaeozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic rocks overlain by an array of Quaternary deposits. Long sections of the geological record are characterized by the interplay between tectonic controls such as basin development, fold and thrust belt formation and sedimentation. The stratigraphy of the Quaternary deposits reflects both the development of the present-day Arctic and climatic change through interglacials and glacials. Large parts of the archipelago are covered by glaciers, and the ice-free areas experience continuous permafrost. The present-day processes related to permafrost and glaciers can be studied in detail. UNIS can offer excellent facilities during your stay at the institution, and you will become part of an active geology group. More information about Arctic geology at UNIS can be found on this webpage: www.unis.no/studies/geology

BACHELOR COURSES

RECOMMENDED COURSE COMBINATIONS: AUTUMN

SPRING

AG-210 AG-211

AG-204 AG-209

AT-209* AT-210*

AB-203*

* = Interdisciplinary courses

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY â&#x20AC;&#x201C; BACHELOR COURSES

AG-204

The Physical Geography of Svalbard (15 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring semester (January-May), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

None GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Curriculum / reading list: Ca. 900 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Doug Benn/Hanne H. Christiansen doug.benn@unis.no/hanne.christiansen@unis.no

ACADEMIC CONTENT: Glaciers cover about 60 % of the area of Svalbard, while the rest is underlain by continuous permafrost. In this geographical setting, the course introduces the most important meteorological, glaciological, geomorphological and hydrological processes on Svalbard. The climatic conditions on Svalbard, the energy exchange at the ground surface, the ground thermal regime and the availability of water will be emphasized as essential factors controlling the distribution of glaciers, permafrost and periglacial landforms. Glacier mass balance, thermal structure and geomorphic activity of Svalbard glaciers will be covered, with emphasis on the interaction between glaciers and permafrost.

COURSE COSTS:

From none to ca. NOK 1000 COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/18

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: 60 ECTS within general natural science, of which 30 ECTS within the field of geology/geosciences.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge Broad knowledge of key topics, theories, processes, tools and methods within the physical geography of Svalbard. Specific knowledge of the linkages between climate, meteorology, geomorphology, hydrology, and ground and glacier ice thermal regimes in permafrost and glacier regions in Svalbard. Skills Training in field methods, mapping techniques and methods of data interpretation including group work. Practical understanding of a variety of glaciological, geomorphological and hydrological processes through field excursions. Competence Be able to apply academic knowledge and relevant results of research to practical and theoretical problems, and be able to reflect upon oneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s own academic practice and adjust it under supervision. Be able to communicate important academic matters both in writing and orally. Be able to exchange opinions with others with a background in the field.

There will also be a discussion of geomorphological processes such as glacial erosion, glacial deposition, frost weathering, mass movement, permafrost deformation, and frost heave and contraction in connection with freezing and thawing. Also hydrological processes such as snow cover formation and ablation, surface and subsurface drainage of water, river flow and sediment transport will be discussed.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over a full semester. Total lecture hours: 45 hours. Total exercise hours: 35 hours. Fieldwork: Minimum 4 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Fieldwork, exercises, exercise work presentations. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Written term project (including presentation) Written exam

Percentage of final grade

40% 3 hours

60%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY â&#x20AC;&#x201C; BACHELOR COURSES

AG-209

The Tectonic and Sedimentary History of Svalbard (15 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring semester (January-May), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

None GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Book chapters, articles, ca. 900 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Maria Jensen E-mail: maria.jensen@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

The geological evolution of Svalbard will be used to illustrate important geological subjects such as the formation of sedimentary basins, fold and thrust belts, hydrocarbon formation and sequence stratigraphy. The course will also give insight into coal mining, the mineral resources of Svalbard, and the hydrocarbon potential of the Barents Sea area. Fieldwork and practical exercises on core and seismic data is an important part of the course, during which students will study examples of a large part of Svalbardâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s history and receive training in sedimentological, stratigraphic and structural techniques. An independent research project on a topic related to the course content will be carried out during the term and presented as a written report and in a seminar.

TEACHING METHODS:

Fieldwork, maximum NOK 1400 (7 days x NOK 200 per day)

The course extends over a full semester.

COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

Total lecture hours: 45 hours. Total seminar hours/ laboratory work: 25 hours. Excursion: 11 days.

5/20

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

COMPULSORY ASSIGNMENT: REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: 60 ECTS within general natural science, of which 30 ECTS within the field of geology/geosciences.

LEARNING OUTCOME: A thorough understanding of the geological evolution of Svalbard and the Barents Sea from the Precambrian to the Cenozoic, and use of the geological record on Svalbard to illustrate important geological principles. Students are introduced to techniques from sedimentology, structural geology, stratigraphy, palaeontology and geophysics, and will gain practical knowledge of geological methods through exercises in the classroom and in the field. Students will be introduced to scientific method by carrying out a small independent research project and practice oral presentations and scientific writing.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: In the Svalbard Archipelago there is a well-developed and well exposed stratigraphic record that comprises Precambrian, Late Palaeozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic strata. Based on the extensive research that has been carried out in the area, the course will offer students an understanding of the tectonic and sedimentary evolution of Svalbard and the Barents Sea from the Precambrian to the Cenozoic. Importance is attached to the understanding of the tectonic development and changes in the sedimentary environment over time.

Field excursions and practical exercises. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Written term project (including presentation) Written exam

Percentage of final grade

40% 3 hours

60%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY â&#x20AC;&#x201C; BACHELOR COURSES

AG-210

The Quaternary History of Svalbard (15 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester (August-December), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

None GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Curriculum/reading list: Ca. 700 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Anne Hormes E-mail: anne.hormes@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 1400 (7 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/18

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: 60 ECTS within general natural science, of which 30 ECTS within the field of geology/geosciences.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge Specific knowledge of methods in stratigraphy, sedimentology, geochronology and geomorphology. Be able to reconstruct former environments and climate fluctuations based on Quaternary geological archives. Skills Be able to present scientific topics and research results both orally and in written form. Competence Be able to evaluate critically scientific literature and reports. Be able to reflect around scientific problems in relationship to individual work and the work of others. Have developed academic curiosity so as to promote scientific values such as openness, precision and the importance of separating between knowledge and opinions.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course will give insight into the Quaternary geological evolution of the landscape with its fjords, valleys, mountains and marine terraces by repeated glacial and interglacial cycles. During the last glacial cycle, 120,000-11,500 years ago, Svalbard was subject to two or three major glaciations with a major ice sheet over the Barents Sea and Svalbard.

troughs out to the shelf break west of Spitsbergen. Landform associations are studied in order to reconstruct distinctive ice sheet configurations with cold based and temperate glacier regimes during former glaciations. The Late Weichselian ended with rapid deglaciation during the period 18,000-11,500 years ago. The following isostatic uplift left flights of marine terraces around Svalbard. During the early and mid-Holocene, Svalbard climate was milder than now and most glaciers were probably smaller than at present. Glaciers expanded considerably during the Late Holocene culminating with the Little Ice Age, which ended on Svalbard during the first decade of the 20th Century. The lectures will illustrate Quaternary geological subjects such as paleoclimatic variability within the Arctic, the formation of glacial and interglacial sedimentary sequences in glacial, glacifluvial and lacustrine environments, postglacial relative sea level and isostatic land uplift. Introduction to Quaternary methods, geochronology and paleoclimatic proxies will be given. Fieldwork (boat excursion and tent camp) is an important part of the course, during which students will study key locations along the West coast of Spitsbergen and receive training in sedimentological, stratigraphical and geomorphological field techniques. Data collected in the field will form the basis of an independent synthesis and literature project to be completed during the term.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over a full semester. Total lecture hours: 45 hours. Total seminar and laboratory hours: 25 hours. Excursion: 4 days cruise and 4 days tent camp. The course consists of problem-based learning modules. Fieldwork will be conducted in groups. The students will be discussing learning outcomes with each other in short summaries. The literature-/lab-work and term projects will be related to fieldwork. Project work is supervised one to one.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Fieldwork, cruise. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method Team project: Graded written report and oral presentation Written exam

During their maximum, glaciers extended in fjords and

Time

Percentage of final grade

40% 3 hours

60%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY – BACHELOR COURSES

AG-211

Arctic Marine Geology (15 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester (August/September - December), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

None GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Book chapters, articles: Ca. 750 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Riko Noormets E-mail: riko.noormets@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 600-1400 (3-7 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/18

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: 60 ECTS within general natural science, of which 30 ECTS within the field of geology/geosciences.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge Knowledge of large scale structure and evolution of ocean basins, with the focus on the Arctic Ocean. Familiar with the Arctic Ocean’s main physiographic features, current systems, sediment sources and transport mechanisms. Understanding of the role of the Arctic Ocean in the global climate system. Knowledge of main modern marine geological survey methods and instrumentation. Skills Practical skills from assisting in data acquisition during fieldwork. Have obtained techniques of sediment core logging and practice in selected geophysical, geotechnical, sedimentological and micropaleontological analysis. Be able to identify the major submarine glacial landforms and understand their paleo-glacial implications. Have develop seabed mapping skills using open source software. Be able to interpret the sedimentological and morphological data in terms of paleo-environmental changes. Competence Basic experience in planning and executing expeditions in the Arctic. Independent as well as team-work skills. Independent research project writing skills on given topic. Presentation skills, written and oral.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: This course will start with an introduction to geology and oceanography of the world's oceans, outlining the distribution of main sediment types, their respective

sources and depositional environments. In the context of the global plate tectonics, the formation of the Arctic Ocean and the resulting change in the ocean’s circulation pattern will be discussed. Various proxies used in deciphering the associated paleoceanographic, sedimentological and climatic variations are examined. The course also covers the modern sediments, sediment sources and sedimentation rates as well as role of the sea ice in the Arctic climate history. History of Arctic exploration and current status of mapping of the Arctic Ocean, and its present geography and physiography will be reviewed. The role of glaciations in the formations of the geological structure, sediment stratigraphy and morphology of Svalbard as well as other high latitude continental margins will form an essential part of the course. Typical glacial marine sedimentary environments, ranging from small basins in front of outlet glaciers, through fjords to continental shelves and -slopes as well as deep-water abyssal plains will be discussed. Case studies from the Svalbard margin as well as other presently and formerly glaciated margins will be presented to illustrate characteristic sediment types and stratigraphic sequences associated with each sedimentary environment. Modern marine geological field and laboratory methods and instrumentation used for collecting and analyzing geophysical and sedimentological data will demonstrate some of the tools used in reconstructing the past oceanographic, sedimentary and environmental conditions. The course includes 3-7 days of marine geological/geophysical cruise on a research vessel in the waters around Svalbard. During the cruise, students will collect geophysical, oceanographic and sedimentological data that they will summarize in a cruise report. The collected data will be further analysed in the lab after the cruise, and the results will be used in the students’ term projects.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over a full semester. Total lecture and seminar hours: 42 hours. Total labs/exercises/presentations: 35 hours. Scientific cruise: 3-7 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Seminars, laboratory exercises, cruise. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Term project: Graded written report and oral presentation Written exam

Percentage of final grade

40% 3 hours

60%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

Walking on ice II

Master students in geology take a break on the Alegonda glacier in GrĂ¸nfjorden. Photo by: Monica Votvik.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY – MASTER COURSES

AG-313

The Fossils of Svalbard and the Evolution of Life (5 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester, (October), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

5 ECTS with AG-813 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Curriculum/reading list: Ca. 450 pages

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 2 weeks. Total lecture and seminar hours: Ca. 40 hours.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: None.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Course responsible: Jørn H. Hurum E-mail: j.h.hurum@nhm.uio.no UNIS contact person: Riko Noormets E-mail: riko.noormets@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

None COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 (AG-313/813 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE: Enrolment in a master programme in geology or geophysics. Fundamentals of structural geology and sedimentology.

LEARNING OUTCOME: The course will enable the students to conduct a crossdisciplinary study of biological evolution, palaeontology and geology, emphasizing on the most important evolutionary steps in the history of life.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: We use world-class fossils of Svalbard to illustrate the evolution of life. The course will give an overview of Svalbard’s fossil riches and give a general framework of geological time and evolution. Main fossil groups found in the archipelago are described and discussed. Although the main emphasis is on Svalbard, comparative perspectives of Arctic fossils in general and evolution of life will be brought in. The main focus will be on the fossil records of late Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Paleocene. Economic activity as mining and oil will be briefly mentioned. The history of science of paleontological exploration at Svalbard will be outlined from its early beginnings in the 18th century until the present, including the more spectacular finds. The lectures offer a broad survey of Svalbard’s fossils and students are encouraged to pursue individual interests through the required course work and additional reading.

Graded essay Written exam

3 hours

Percentage of final grade

30% 70%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY â&#x20AC;&#x201C; MASTER COURSES

AG-322

Fold and Thrust Belts and Foreland Basin Systems (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring semester, (April), every second year LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS overlap with AG-822 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Articles and compendium (ca. 400 pages), hand-outs

The outstanding fold-thrust belt of Spitsbergen will be analyzed and visited during excursions. Other discussed fold and thrust belts will be the classical Zagros Belt (Iran/ Iraq/Pakistan) and Cordilleran Belt (USA).

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 4 weeks and is run in combination with AG-822. Total lecture and seminar hours: 40 hours. Total seminar hours: 10 hours. Field excursions: 6-7 days.

COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Alvar Braathen E-mail: alvar.braathen@unis.no

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES:

COURSE COSTS:

Field trips with exercises, modelling exercise, literature report and presentation(s).

Fieldwork, NOK 1200-1400 (6-7 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 (AG-322/822 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a master program. Students should have general knowledge in structural geology and sedimentology.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Concepts around fold-thrust belts and foreland basins, crosssection construction and balancing, analysis of sandbox experiments, seismic processing techniques and practical seismic analysis, reservoir assessments, and observation skills around visited fold-thrust belt structures.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: Fold and thrust belts and foreland basins are important petroleum provinces, which can be assessed through insight into their internal geometry and development. The course starts with a review of the most commonly observed structures in fold and thrust belts, focusing on the relationship between thrusting and folding. The principles behind construction of balanced cross-sections are discussed. The next session addresses the link between the fold-thrust belt and deposition in the foreland basin system, emphasizing source to sink concepts. Thereafter, a session focuses on seismic expressions of fold-thrust structures and foreland basin geometries. The course is summarized by discussions on petroleum play concepts such as stratigraphic traps and fractured reservoirs. All sessions demonstrate key subjects through practical exercises, including team work on a sandbox analogue experiment.

Written exam

Time

Percentage of final grade

4 hours

100%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY – MASTER COURSES

AG-323

Sequence Stratigraphy – a Tool for Basin Analysis (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester, (August-September), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS overlap with AG-823 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Book chapters, articles, compendia; Ca. 300 pages. COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Course responsible: William Helland-Hansen E-mail: william.helland-hansen@geo.uib.no UNIS contact person: Snorre Olaussen E-mail: snorre.olaussen@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 1600 (8 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 (AG-323/823 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

ACADEMIC CONTENT: Lectures, practical classes and field exercises will focus on the recognition of trends in facies stacking patterns and key stratal surfaces which may be used in sequence delineation and correlation. Field logging will lead to the creation of architectural panels at different scales across sections of the Late Paleozoic, Cretaceous and Paleogene of central Spitsbergen with subsequent interpretation of these data in terms of paleoenvironment and sequence development. Practical work will include the recognition of sequence architectures through the analysis of well-data and seismic reflection profiles.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 4 weeks and is run in combination with AG-823. Total lecture hours: 16 hours. Total seminar hours: 14 hours. Fieldwork: 8 days. Project work and preparation for exam: 9 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a master program in geoscience.

Exercises, article presentations. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

LEARNING OUTCOME:

ASSESSMENT:

After the course, the student 1. will have an advanced understanding of sequence stratigraphic concepts and methods both for carbonate and siliciclastic rocks 2. will be able to describe and analyse a sedimentary succession with focus on interpretation of depositional environments 3. will be fully capable of identifying genetically related sedimentary units and their intervening discontinuity surfaces 4. will learn how to use evidence for changes in base level and sediment supply within a succession as a tool for stratal correlation and for predicting facies distributions in time and space 5. will be fully capable of evaluating which controls are responsible for stacking and geometry of sedimentary successions

Method

Time

Graded field report Written exam

3 hours

Percentage of final grade

40% 60%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY – MASTER COURSES

AG-325

Glaciology (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring semester, (February-March), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS overlap with AG-825 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Benn and Evans (2010): “Glaciers and Glaciation, Part 1” (256 pages). Selected journal articles (ca. 300 pages). COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Doug Benn E-mail: doug.benn@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 4,5 weeks and is run in combination with AG-825. The course will have a theoretical part with lectures and seminars, and a practical part with computer-based exercises, excursions and fieldwork. The practical part will allow students to see and study glacial phenomena discussed in the lectures, and will introduce them to glaciological field methods. There will be field excursions to englacial caves (meltwater conduits), calving glaciers and surging glaciers, and the students will be introduced to on-going research projects. The fieldwork and excursions may be subject to changes, depending upon the weather conditions. Total lecture hours: 30 hours. Exercise hours: 20 hours. Fieldwork or field excursions: 4 days.

Fieldwork, ca. NOK 1000 COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES:

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Exercises, fieldwork and field excursions.

5/20 (AG-325/825 in total) Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a master program. Students should have a background in glaciology, physical geography and/or geology.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Obtaining a comprehensive understanding of glaciological processes, exemplified by Svalbard. They should gain a special understanding of the response of glaciers to climate change. Students will obtain instruction and experience in glaciological fieldwork in a series of field excursions to local glaciers.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course is a systematic survey of modern research into glacial processes, and the response of glaciers and ice sheets to climate change. Lectures will cover recent changes to arctic glaciers, the principles of mass balance measurement and modelling, glacier hydrology, glacier motion and dynamics, surges, calving and numerical modelling. Students will also have the opportunity to present talks on their own research projects. Discussions will concentrate on identifying the critical questions for future glaciological research, and how procedures might be devised to address these questions.

All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method Written exam

Time

Percentage of final grade

4 hours

100%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY â&#x20AC;&#x201C; MASTER COURSES

AG-330

Permafrost and Periglacial Environments (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring semester, (April-May), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS overlap with AG-830 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Curriculum/reading list: Ca. 650 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Hanne H. Christiansen E-mail: hanne.christiansen@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, from none to ca. NOK 1000 COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 (AG-330/830 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a master program. Background in physical geography and/or Quaternary geology is recommended. AG-325 students will be given preference.

LEARNING OUTCOME: After having completed this course students will have obtained a comprehensive advanced understanding of geomorphic processes in regions with permafrost and periglacial landforms, exemplified by Svalbard. The course will provide students with an insight into modern research methods, including field methods and theoretical approaches to understanding processes and impacts of climate on periglacial landforms, allowing them to analyse existing theories and plan research using relevant methods.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course will have a specific focus on the interaction between permafrost, periglacial processes and climate, and how this interaction controls the different periglacial landforms. The theoretical part will introduce permafrost basics, periglacial geomorphology, and the meteorological control on the permafrost distribution and the activity of periglacial processes and landforms. The course will focus on arctic and alpine landscapes. Seminars will deal with papers based on field studies in Svalbard or other cold-climatic regions, to improve the understanding of geomorphological processes, and to demonstrate the use of periglacial landforms to reconstruct past environments

and climatic conditions. Discussions will concentrate on identifying the critical questions for future permafrost and periglacial research, and how procedures might be devised to address these questions.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 5 weeks and is run in combination with AG-830. The course will have a theoretical part with lectures and seminars, and a practical part with excursions and fieldwork. The practical part will emphasise field methods relevant to permafrost-related research such as geomorphological mapping techniques, drilling in permafrost and installation and operation of sensors and data loggers for measuring temperature and other parameters of the active layer and top permafrost. There will be field excursions to permafrost monitoring sites, rock glaciers, talus sheets, ice-wedges, pingos and rock free faces to visit on-going research projects and for collection of field data. The fieldwork and excursions may be subject to changes, depending upon the weather conditions. Total lecture hours: 30 hours. Exercises: 20 hours. Fieldwork or field excursions: 4 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Fieldwork, field excursions, field and laboratory exercises, oral presentation of group field report, scientific paper presentations. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method Written exam

Time

Percentage of final grade

4 hours

100%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY – MASTER COURSES

AG-332

Arctic Terrestrial Quaternary Stratigraphy (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester, (July-August), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

Poolepynten (Prins Karls Forland), Skilvika (Bellsund), Brøggerhalvøya and Kongs-fjordhallet (Kongsfjorden). The focus of the terrestrial field studies will be on interpretation of sedimentary successions and geomorphology in order to reconstruct glacial history, sea level changes and palaeoclimatic variations.

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS overlap with AG-832 GRADE:

As well as re-examining key stratigraphical sites, the students will be given opportunity to participate in collection of novel stratigraphic data, if possible.

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Articles, ca. 700 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Course responsible: Ólafur Ingólfsson E-mail: oi@hi.is UNIS contact person: Anne Hormes E-mail: anne.hormes@unis.no

The students will present their field results in the form of a scientific report. The data and observations collected during the fieldwork will be used to critically assess the validity of published interpretations of the Svalbard Late Quaternary stratigraphy. The report will be written during one week of supervised time at UNIS, after the field excursion.

COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 1600 (8 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 (AG-332/832 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a relevant master programme. Students are required to have general understanding of glacial sedimentology and stratigraphy.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course takes advantage of relatively easy access from UNIS to most key-stratigraphic sites on western Svalbard. The course starts with introductory lectures on Svalbard geology and history of concepts concerning the Late Quaternary Svalbard-Barents Sea ice sheet. The lectures are followed by seminars, where each student gives an oral presentation on a selected subject concerning the glacial and climate history of Svalbard, based on in-depth study of the literature. Field work will be conducted during eight days, where several key stratigraphic sites will be studied for giving the student a better understanding of the Quaternary history of Svalbard and the Barents Sea region. Sites visited and studied include Kapp Ekholm (Billefjorden), Linné-dalen (outer Isfjorden),

The course is intended for master students in glacial and quaternary geology, physical geography and marine geology. It links to AG-326. (Quaternary Glacial and Climate History of the Arctic), and is also recommended for students taking courses in Quaternary marine and glacial geology (AG-339 and AG-340).

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 3 weeks and is run in combination with AG-832. Students are required to read key-literature and prepare a seminar presentation prior to arriving at UNIS. Total lecture hours: 8 hours. Total seminar hours: 16 hours. Excursion: 8 days. Post-excursion work with data and report: 1 week.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Oral presentations of selected subjects concerning glacial history/glacial stratigraphy of Svalbard. Participation in fieldwork. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method Pre-excursion presentations Ship/field logging exercises. Industriousness on cruise Written report

Percentage of final grade

20% 20% 60%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course..

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY â&#x20AC;&#x201C; MASTER COURSES

AG-336

Rift Basin Reservoirs: From Outcrop to Model (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester, (August), every second year LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS overlap with AG-836 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F)

In the series of lectures and exercises, rift basins are placed in the context of evolutionary models for extensional systems and passive margins. Emphasis is put on how extensional basin architecture develops as a function of fault growth and linkage and how sedimentary systems respond to the topographic gradients produced by faults. Furthermore, we focus on the effect of faulting on reservoir properties and extensional fault modeling, on acquisition and compilation of outcrop data, on seismic expressions of rift basins, and on the use of geological information in modeling software.

COURSE MATERIALS:

Curriculum/reading list; ca. 400 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Course responsible: Per Terje Osmundsen E-mail: per.osmundsen@ngu.no UNIS contact person: Riko Noormets E-mail: riko.noormets@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 1600 (8 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 (AG-336/836 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a master program in geology or geophysics. Basic knowledge) of structural geology and sedimentology. Some previous field experience is required.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Students will be able to conduct a cross-disciplinary study of an extensional basin, emphasizing tectono-sedimentary relationships and their importance for the distribution of reservoir and source rocks. The students will use field observations to constrain and evaluate 3D geological models of rift basin reservoirs. The hands-on experience with a well-exposed half-graben basin in combination with exercises in seismic interpretation will improve the studentÂ´s ability to interpret seismic reflection data from half-graben basins and to analyse such basins in general.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: We use world-class exposures in Svalbard to illustrate the architecture and processes of rift basins. The course is designed to introduce students to processes and products encountered in rift basins. Rift basins are among the most common hydrocarbon and groundwater plays, and thus important to society. Successful exploration and production in rift basins requires a sound understanding of their three-dimensional architecture and their geological evolution through time.

The introductory lessons will be followed by field studies in the Billefjorden Trough, an excellently exposed rift basin in Svalbard. This Carboniferous half-graben hosts marginal sandstones as well as carbonates, evaporites and shales. Several types of source-and reservoir rocks will be explored. The participants will work in teams to record outcrop data and develop their own case study of a rift-basin reservoir. The fieldwork will be followed by compilation and evaluation of surface and subsurface data. Finally, the students will combine use their own field observations to evaluate reservoir models in a written report and presentation that will be graded together with their performance in the field.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over ca. 4 weeks in combination with AG-836. Total lecture and seminar hours: ca. 40 hours. Excursion and fieldwork (based in a tent camp): 9 days. The Arctic climate and the variable topography in the field area require that students are fit and equipped to face the environment.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Fieldwork, exercises, report. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Graded report Written exam

3 hours

Percentage of final grade

40% 60%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY – MASTER COURSES

AG-338

Sedimentology Field Course – from Depositional Systems to Sedimentary Architecture (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester, (June- July*), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS overlap with AG-838 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Book chapters, articles; ca. 600 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Maria Jensen E-mail: maria.jensen@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 1400 (7 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 (AG-338/838 in total)

and students will be expected to critically assess published facies models and interpretations in seminars. The fieldwork will focus on gaining practical experience with description and interpretation of sedimentological data. The data collected in the field will be used to discuss published models and interpretations. Field excursions will be carried out partly as daytrips in the area near Longyearbyen and partly as overnight excursions to other areas in order to have access to the full range of sedimentary environments. For coastal, fluvial and glacial environments where modern analogues exist on Svalbard today, the physical processes responsible for deposition and resulting sedimentary structures will be investigated and discussed. Fieldwork on exposed sections of Quaternary deposits will be used to illustrate depositional processes and preserved facies and geometries on different time scales. Data on the three-dimensional geometry of sedimentary successions will be used for classroom exercises to discuss the process-response relationships such as climate and sea level signals in the sedimentary record.

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue *The course period might be changed

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a master program. Students should have general knowledge about sedimentology and stratigraphy, like AG-209 or similar.

LEARNING OUTCOME: The students will gain a thorough understanding of sedimentary processes and resulting facies and geometries. They will be able to carry out sedimentological analysis on outcrops or cores and critically evaluate published results and interpretations. They will become familiar with studies of modern and ancient sedimentary deposits and how these are used to develop facies models and ideas on how stratigraphic boundaries form.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course takes advantage of the wide range of sedimentary depositional environments available in the rock record on Svalbard. Outcrops of sedimentary basins from the Carboniferous to the Tertiary are used to illustrate sedimentary facies and architecture from depositional environments from terrestrial to deep marine. The course starts with an introduction to sedimentary facies and architecture and to the influence of internal versus external forcing mechanisms on sedimentary deposits. The main part of the course consists of alternating lectures, seminars and fieldwork with the aim of investigating and critically evaluating facies models and interpretations for alluvial, coastal, shallow shelf, deep marine and glacial environments. Each topic is treated separately. Lectures will provide background information for the current state of debate

The course provides a background for courses in sequence stratigraphy (AG-323/AG-823), rift basin reservoirs – from outcrop to model (AG-336/AG-836) and Geological constraints of CO2 sequestration (AG-341/AG-841). The course is also recommended for students taking courses in Quaternary geology.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 4 weeks and is run in combination with AG-838. Total lecture hours: 15 hours. Total seminar hours: 25 hours. Excursions: 10 days. The course relies on active student participation and fieldwork, seminar presentations and discussions are prioritized over lectures. Lectures are used to explain basic principles and introduce topics and terminology, but students will work actively in the field, in the laboratory and in discussion seminars with re- investigations of published work or collecting and interpreting new data.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: : Field exercises, oral presentations of field results. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method Written exam

Time

Percentage of final grade

4 hours

100%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY â&#x20AC;&#x201C; MASTER COURSES

AG-339

Reconstruction of Glacial Marine Sedimentary Processes and Environments on High-latitude Continental Margins (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester, (August-September), every second year LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English

CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS overlap with AG-839 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Curriculum/reading list; Ca. 450 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Riko Noormes E-mail: riko.noormes@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 600-1400 (3-7 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

The processes and products of glacial marine sedimentation from the innermost fjords to the continental shelf and slope will be discussed. Lectures will discuss the various types of submarine glacial landforms, their dimensions, geometry, structure and distribution patterns, and how these parameters can be used to reconstruct the glacial sedimentary environments and former ice flow dynamics within, and at the margins of ice masses. Acoustic and sedimentological methods used to collect data in these environments will be covered as well.

5/20 (AG-339/839 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a PhD program in Earth sciences. Fundamentals of geology and sedimentology or AG-209, AG-210 or AG-211. Students who have attended AG-342 or AG-842 will be given preference.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge Advanced knowledge of the structure and evolution of high-latitude continental margins. Understanding of the major processes controlling the evolution of high-latitude continental margins, from the fjords to continental slope. Be able to critically analyse the geological records of formerly glaciated continental margins in the light of existing climate change theories. Skills Be able to perform spatial and temporal analysis of stratigraphic records and submarine glacial landform assemblages. Be able to interpret the extent and dynamics of former ice masses, and reconstruct the glacial marine sedimentary processes and environments based on the above-mentioned analysis. Master techniques and hands-on practical skills of marine acoustic data acquisition and processing. Competence Be able to evaluate critically scientific literature and reports. Be able to write a research project on a given topic by presenting and discussing own results in the light of published studies. Advanced experience in planning and executing expeditions in the Arctic. Independent as well as team-work skills. Presentation and discussion skills, written and oral.

Topics discussed during the course range from small-scale physical processes at the ice-bed interface to the large, ice sheet-scale processes including: 1. Sediment sources and transport mechanisms on high-latitude margins; 2. Entrainment and transport of sediment within ice sheets; 3. Basal mechanics of streaming ice; 4. Role of subglacial meltwater flow in the sediment transfer across the shelf; 5. Various types of submarine landforms in the fjords, on the continental shelf and slope, their relation to ice sheet dynamics; 6. Sedimentation patterns and rates across the fjord-shelf-slope system; 7. Links between ice sheet dynamics and sediment transfer to the continental margins; Practical exercises are designed to complement the lectures by giving the students opportunity to work with geophysical data such as high-resolution bathymetry and topography, as well as sub-bottom acoustics in order to identify various submarine glacial landform systems and interpret their spatial distribution in terms of ice sheet dynamics and sedimentary environments. Each student will be assigned an individual dataset to be analysed for their course projects. The course includes two seminars. As a pre-course assignment, the students are asked to prepare a short talk about their master projects specifying its relevance to the content of the course and present it in a seminar at the beginning of the course. Towards the end of the course, the students will present the results of their course projects in a 10-15 min. oral presentation to the class for discussion. The course includes 3-7 days cruise in the waters of Svalbard.

During the cruise geophysical and geological data will be obtained from various glacial marine environments. These data will be discussed aboard the vessel and in the following classroom exercises, if possible (subject to the timing of the cruise). The cruise will give students first-hand experience of various data collection and sampling procedures.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 4 weeks and is run in combination with AG-839. Total lecture hours, seminars and practical exercises: ca. 50 hours. Fieldwork/cruise: 3-7 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: : Fieldwork/cruise, two seminars, two oral presentations (one at each seminar). All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method Written exam

Time

Percentage of final grade

3 hours

100%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

There are no trees in Svalbard, but the mountains favoured by birds still get a nice, green color in summer. Photo: Eva Therese Jenssen.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY â&#x20AC;&#x201C; MASTER COURSES

AG-340

Arctic Glaciers and Landscapes (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester, (August), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

None GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F)

ACADEMIC CONTENT: Arctic glacier/permafrost thermal regimes, glacier mass balance and hydrology, ice dynamics, calving processes, glacier surging, Svalbard's landscape evolution; the role of glaciers and ice sheets, moraine building and disintegration since the LIA in a permafrost environment, surging glaciers and landscape change.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 4 weeks.

COURSE MATERIALS:

Book chapters plus specific articles and reports from Svalbard: Ca. 500 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Andy Hodson E-mail: a.j.hodson@Sheffield.ac.uk COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 1000 (5 days x NOK 200 per day)

Total lecture hours: 18 hours. Fieldwork (mass balance): 2 days. Residential field class: 5 days. Boat excursion: 1 day. Data analysis and presentations: 14 hours.

COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES:

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Fieldwork and data analysis sessions.

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a relevant master program. Students should have general knowledge about glaciology and geomorphology, like AG-204 or similar.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge Knowledge of the current mass balance status of Arctic glaciers, with a particular emphasis upon Svalbard. Knowledge of the thermal conditions that distinguish Arctic glaciers from their lower latitude counterparts. Knowledge of the dynamics of glacial processes in Svalbard, with particular emphasis being given to surging, calving and hydrology. Knowledge of the relationship between the above and the landscape in Svalbard. Skills General fieldwork skills, including observational and recording skills in an Arctic outdoor environment. Master specific fieldwork techniques, as hydrological monitoring, ground penetrating radar, field geomorphological mapping and water/sediment sampling. Experience in expeditionary-style fieldwork logistics for glaciological research. Competence Organisational skills for effective and successful recording of field observations. Design and implementation of research tasks as part of a team. Safe implementation of outdoor research in an extreme environment.

All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Graded field report Written exam

4 hours

Percentage of final grade

40% 60%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY â&#x20AC;&#x201C; MASTER COURSES

AG-341

Geological Constraints of CO2 Sequestration (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester, (August-September), biannually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

available for power generation from coals and the different carbon capture technologies. As the CCS value chain has significant political aspects, the political agenda, the administrative demands, and the lobbyist aims and targets will also be introduced to the students. The course offers 5 days of excursion and fieldwork, emphasizing traps (seal) and reservoirs, geology of coal, coal production, power generation, and CO2 storage.

10 ECTS overlap with AG-841 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Articles, and compendium: Ca. 400 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Snorre Olaussen E-mail: snorre.olaussen@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 1000 (5 days x NOK 200) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 (AG-341/841 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS:

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 4 weeks and is run in combination with AG-841. Total lecture hours: 24 hours. Seminars: 24 hours. Excursion/fieldwork: 5 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: : Fieldwork, exercises. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Enrolment in a master program in geology or solid earth geophysics.

Graded report

LEARNING OUTCOME:

Written exam

Use of Longyearbyen CO2 laboratory will illustrate the value chain from exploitation of coal, use of coal as energy provider to CO2 storage. We use geological and geophysical data together with fluid flow data from the CO2 laboratory drilling sites together with nearby outcrop observation to illustrate the processes for storage of CO2. Emission of climate gases will be addressed. After completing the course, the students will gain insight in the value chain of CCS, knowledge of reservoir characterisation and use of geological and geophysical data as input to reservoir modelling, and learn about methods of sub surface monitoring of the subsurface.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The main focus of the course will be on geologically based strategies and decision-making for optimal subsurface CO2 storage, using the Longyearbyen CO2 project as a case. Learning from other CO2 sequestration projects will enhance the understating of key challenges, such as reservoir sandstone properties and fracture systems in the reservoir and cap rocks. The course will also take advantage of the local coal geology as well as potential CO2 reservoirs in the vicinity of Longyearbyen (outcrop and subsurface) to illustrate the general carbon cycle, including the techniques

Time

3 hours

Percentage of final grade

40% 60%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY – MASTER COURSES

AG-342

The Marine Cryosphere and its Cenozoic History (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring semester, (April), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS with AG-842 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Curriculum/reading list: Ca. 450 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Course responsible: Martin Jakobsson E-mail: martin.jakobsson@geo.su.se UNIS contact person: Riko Noormets E-mail: riko.noormets@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 400-1000 (2-5 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 (AG-342/842 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a master program in Earth sciences. Fundamentals of geology and sedimentology or AG 209, 210 or 211, or equivalent. Students who have attended AG-339 will be given preference.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge Knowledge of the components of the marine cryosphere and their physical characteristics, interaction with the marine environment and climate, and Cenozoic history. A general understanding of the main survey methods applied to study the marine cryosphere. Knowledge of the main paleo proxies used to study the marine cryosphere’s Cenozoic history. Understanding of capabilities and limitations of numerical ice sheet models. Skills Practical skills on analysis of geological records, such as mapped marine glaciogenic landforms and sediment cores, that can be used to reconstruct the paleo-history of the marine cryosphere. Practical skills from assisting in data acquisition during fieldwork. Analytical skills to determine limitations and possibilities in modelling studies of marine ice sheets including ice shelves and ice streams. Competence Basic experience in Arctic fieldwork planning and execution. Independent as well as team-work skills. Independent research writing skills on given topic. Presentation skills, written and oral.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The term marine cryosphere is used to collectively describe frozen water within the marine portion of the Earth’s surface. This incorporates marine based ice sheets including ice shelves and ice streams, icebergs, sea ice, and subsea permafrost. The marine cryosphere has played a key role during several time periods of the Earth’s geological history and is a critical component in studies of climate change. In this course, the students will learn about the evolution of the marine cryosphere during the Cenozoic when the Earth experienced a long term paleoclimatic change from the warm greenhouse to the colder icehouse world. Through the lectures, fieldwork, lab exercises and individual project work, the students will be introduced to the marine cryosphere and its components. Specific emphasis is placed on describing and discussing available methods to study the geological history of the marine cryosphere. The course embraces the marine environment from shallow shelves to the deep ocean. Arctic and Antarctic analogies and differences with respect to the Cenozoic history of the marine cryosphere will be discussed. The main topics of the course are: 1. General physical characteristics of the marine cryosphere: marine based ice sheets, icebergs, sea ice and subsea permafrost 2. Dynamics of marine based ice sheets and sea ice 3. Marine glaciogenic landforms: mapping and interpretation 4. Sea ice and glacial sediment proxies: from biomarkers to ice rafted debris 5. Past and present drift patterns of sea ice and icebergs: implications for interpretation of paleo-proxies 6. The Cenozoic history of the marine cryosphere 7. Ice sheet modeling: limitations and possibilities to simulate the marine components 8. The cryosphere’s interaction with the marine environment and climate Geological/geophysical data, providing information on the spatial extent and dynamics of the Svalbard-Barents ice sheet during the Last Glacial Maximum, are compared with ice sheet modelling results in the laboratory computer exercises. This will give the students a direct insight into the present limitations and possibilities to simulate the key components of marine based ice sheets; ice streams and ice shelves. The course includes two seminars. As a pre-course assignment, the students are asked to prepare a short talk about their master projects specifying its relevance to the content of the course and present it in a seminar at the beginning of the course. Towards the end of the course, the students will present the results of their course projects in a 10-15 min. oral presentation to the class for discussion. The course includes 2-5 days fieldwork based on the sea ice in front of one of Svalbard’s tidewater glaciers. During the fieldwork geophysical, geological and

oceanographic data will be obtained in front of the tidewater glaciers margin. This fieldwork is coordinated with course AG-339 when multibeam mapping, sedimentological and ocanographic data are acquired from the same area. The fieldwork will give students first-hand experience of various data collection and sampling procedures.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 4 weeks and is run in combination with AG-842. Total lecture hours, seminars and practical exercises: Ca. 50 hours. Fieldwork: 2-5 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Fieldwork/cruise; two seminars; two oral presentations (one at each seminar). All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method Written exam

Time

Percentage of final grade

3 hours

100%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

The mountain ranges in Svalbard tell us a lot of the Earthâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s geological history. Photo: Snorre Olaussen.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY – MASTER COURSES

AG-343

Carbonate sedimentology field course (5 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester, (July*), biannually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

5 ECTS with AG-843 GRADE:

thin section analyses to larger scale carbonate formation including: 1. Diagenesis of carbonates 2. Microfacies from thin sections 3. Sediment sources and transport mechanisms 4. Depositional processes of carbonates and evaporates. 5. Upper Palaeozoic carbonate/evaporate depositional system in the Arctic 6. Carbonates as hydrocarbon plays, leads, prospects and fields in the Arctic

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Curriculum / reading list: Ca. 300 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Course responsible: Lars Stemmerik E-mail: Ls@geo.ku.dk UNIS contact person: Snorre Olaussen E-mail: snorre.olaussen@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 800 (4 days x NOK 200 per day)

The course is recommended to be combined either with the AG 323 (Sequence Stratigraphy - a Tool for Basin Analysis), AG 334 (Polar Petroleum Provinces), AG 336 (Rift basin reservoirs: from outcrop to model) and/or AG338 (Sedimentology field course – from depositional systems to sedimentary architecture), and the AG 313 (The Fossils of Svalbard and the evolution of life).

COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

TEACHING ACTIVITIES:

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

The course extends over 2,5 weeks and is run in combination with AG-843.

5/20 (AG-343/843 in total) Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue *The course period might be changed

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a master programme in geology or geophysics. Familiarity with the fundamentals of sedimentology.

LEARNING OUTCOME: The course will enable the students to identify depositional facies in a carbonate ramp or platform, analyse the spatial distribution of the carbonate facies belts and their relation to basin configuration and tectonic development. The student will learn to couple carbonate microfacies and diagenesis to the carbonate factory.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: We use world-class Carboniferous and Permian outcrops of Svalbard to illustrate the carbonate and evaporate depositional environments. The course will give an overview of the Arctic Upper Palaeozoic carbonate deposits and offer a general framework of the basin configuration and evolution. A review of the economic significance of the carbonates in the Arctic will be covered. Lectures will discuss the various types of carbonate depositional environments, their dimensions, geometry and distribution of facies belts, and how these parameters can be used to reconstruct the paleogeography of carbonate basins. Topics discussed during the course range from

Total lecture hours: 15 hours. Total seminar/exercise hours: 15 hours. Excursion: 4 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Fieldwork. Oral presentation of Micofacies analysis. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method Written exam

Time

Percentage of final grade

3 hours

100%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY â&#x20AC;&#x201C; MASTER COURSES

AG-345

Dating methods and application in Arctic terrestrial and marine Quaternary Geology (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring semester, (May-June), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS overlap with AG-845 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Articles, book chapters: Ca. 600 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Anne Hormes E-mail: anne.hormes@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 800 (4 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

and marine environments by integrating lectures, practical classes, laboratory and field exercises. Tutors will explain both theoretical backgrounds and physical principles of biostratigraphy, radiocarbon dating, amino acid racemization, optical stimulated luminescence dating, cosmogenic nuclide dating, tephrachronology and their application in the Arctic environments. The content will focus on recent developments of various dating techniques. Fieldwork will provide hands-on experience in sampling strategies and techniques. Geological description and interpretation specific for each method will be discussed. In the laboratory a wide range of marine and lake sediment cores are available for project studies. Students will have a chance to work on course projects based on gathered field samples or laboratory material. Field sites include lithostratigraphic sections, Late Weichselian and Holocene moraines, marine terraces and erratic boulders.

5/20 (AG-345/845 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a master programme. Students should have general knowledge about Quaternary geology or have passed AG-210 or AG-211.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge A comprehensive understanding of dating methods optimal for building robust chronologies for Quaternary marine and terrestrial environmental archives. Experience in examining problems, challenges and potentials of a range of Quaternary dating methods, with focus on Arctic environments. Skills Be able to critically assess which sampling techniques and dating methods have given best results, when constructing geochronologies in the Arctic. Be able to present scientific topics and research results both orally and in written form. Competence Be able to evaluate critically scientific literature and reports. Be able to reflect around scientific problems in relationship to individual work and the work of others. Have developed academic curiosity so as to promote scientific values such as openness, precision and the importance of separating between knowledge and opinions.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course discusses challenges and new research avenues of the most applicable dating methods for Arctic terrestrial

Lectures and seminars will alternate to provide background information for current challenges and avenues of dating methods in the Arctic environments. In seminars student groups will critically assess published case studies with regard to age constraints, interpretations and related challenges. The course provides background for courses in marine geology (AG-339, AG-342), periglacial environments (AG-330) and terrestrial Quaternary geology (AG-332, AG-326).

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 4 weeks and is run in combination with AG-845. Total lecture hours: 25 hours. Total seminar/lab hours: 25 hours. Fieldwork: 4 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Fieldwork and laboratory exercises, oral and written presentation of group projects. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method Course project incl. oral presentation Written exam

Time

Percentage of final grade

40% 60%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY – PhD COURSES

AG-813

The Fossils of Svalbard and the Evolution of Life (5 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester, (October), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

5 ECTS overlap with AG-313

Economic activity as mining and oil will be briefly mentioned. The history of science of paleontological exploration at Svalbard will be outlined from its early beginnings in the 18th century until the present, including the more spectacular finds. The lectures offer a broad survey of Svalbard’s fossils and students are encouraged to pursue individual interests through the required course work and additional reading.

GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Curriculum/reading list; Ca. 450 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Course responsible: Jørn H. Hurum E-mail: j.h.hurum@nhm.uio.no UNIS contact person: Riko Noormets E-mail: riko.noormets@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

None COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 (AG-313/813 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 2 weeks. Total lecture and seminar hours: ca. 40 hours.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: : A pre-course assignment based on one or more scientific papers. An oral presentation of the assignment, during the course, as a lecture or seminar. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a PhD- programme in geology or geophysics. Fundamentals of structural geology and sedimentology.

Method

Time

Pre-course assignment Graded essay

LEARNING OUTCOME: The course will enable the students to conduct a cross-disciplinary study of biological evolution, paleontology and geology, emphasizing on the most important evolutionary steps in the history of life. Some of the topics (e.g. Devonian vertebrates, Permian mass extinction, Late Jurassic black shale fauna) will be focused on in depth and discussions of ongoing research at Svalbard will be used to bring the students to the front of what the current knowledge and recent finds can tell us. Problems in development of methods for conducting studies of arctic fossils and the lack of relevant literature in many fields will be emphasized and discussed.

Written exam

3 hours

Percentage of final grade

20% 30% 50%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY â&#x20AC;&#x201C; PhD COURSES

AG-822

Fold and Thrust Belts and Foreland Basin Systems (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring semester, (April), every second year LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS overlap with AG-322 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Articles and compendium (ca. 500 pages), hand-outs COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Alvar Braathen E-mail: alvar.braathen@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 1200-1400 (6-7 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 (AG-322/822 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

including team work on a sandbox analogue experiment. The outstanding fold-thrust belt of Spitsbergen will be analysed and visited during excursions. Other discussed fold and thrust belts will be the classical Zagros Belt (Iran/ Iraq/Pakistan) and Cordilleran Belt (USA).

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 4 weeks and is run in combination with AG-322. Total lecture and seminar hours: 40 hours. Total seminar hours: 10 hours. Field excursions: 6-7 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Field trips with exercises, modelling exercise, literature report and presentation(s). A pre-course assignment, to be verbally presented for the course participants. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a PhD program. Students should have knowledge in structural geology and sedimentology.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Concepts around fold-thrust belts and foreland basins, cross-section construction and balancing, analysis of sandbox experiments, seismic processing techniques and practical seismic analysis, reservoir assessments, and observation skills around visited fold-thrust belt structures.

Method Written exam

Time

Percentage of final grade

3 hours

100%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY â&#x20AC;&#x201C; PhD COURSES

AG-823

Sequence Stratigraphy a Tool for Basin Analysis (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester, (August-September), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS overlap with AG-323 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Book chapters, articles, compendia; Ca. 300 pages. COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Course responsible: William Helland-Hansen E-mail: william.helland-hansen@geo.uib.no UNIS contact person: Snorre Olaussen E-mail: snorre.olaussen@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 1600 (8 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 (AG-323/823 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

ACADEMIC CONTENT: Lectures, practical classes and field exercises will focus on the recognition of trends in facies stacking patterns and key stratal surfaces which may be used in sequence delineation and correlation. Field logging will lead to the creation of architectural panels at different scale across sections of the Late Paleozoic, Cretaceous and Paleogene of central Spitsbergen with subsequent interpretation of these data in terms of paleoenvironment and sequence development. Practical work will include the recognition of sequence architectures through the analysis of well-data and seismic reflection profiles.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 4 weeks and is run in combination with AG-323. Total lecture hours: 16 hours. Total seminar hours: 14 hours. Fieldwork: 8 days. Project work and preparation for exam: 9 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS:

Exercises, article presentations. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

Enrolment in a PhD program in geoscience.

ASSESSMENT: LEARNING OUTCOME: After the course, the student 1. will have an in-depth understanding of sequence stratigraphic concepts and methods both for carbonate and siliciclastic rocks 2. will be fully capable of describing and analysing a sedimentary succession with focus on interpretation of depositional environments and sequence stratigraphy 3. will be highly skilled and advanced in identifying genetically related sedimentary units and their intervening discontinuity surfaces 4. will have a mature attitude towards how to use evidence for changes in base level and sediment supply within a succession as a tool for stratal correlation and for predicting facies distributions in time and space 5. will be well-reflected in evaluating which controls are responsible for stacking and geometry of sedimentary successions

Method

Time

Graded field report Written exam

4 hours

Percentage of final grade

40% 60%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY – PhD COURSES

AG-825

Glaciology (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring semester, (February-March), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS overlap with AG-325 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Benn and Evans (2010): “Glaciers and Glaciation, Part 1” (256 pages). Selected journal articles (ca. 300 pages). COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Doug Benn E-mail: doug.benn@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, ca. NOK 1000

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 4,5 weeks and is run in combination with AG-325. The course will have a theoretical part with lectures and seminars, and a practical part with and computer-based exercises, excursions and fieldwork. The practical part will allow students to see and study glacial phenomena discussed in the lectures, and will introduce them to glaciological field methods. There will be field excursions to englacial caves (meltwater conduits), calving glaciers and surging glaciers, and will introduce students to on-going research projects. The fieldwork and excursions may be subject to changes, depending upon the weather conditions. Total lecture hours: 30 hours. Exercise hours: 20 hours. Fieldwork or field excursions: 4 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES:

COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

Exercises, fieldwork and field excursions. Researching and writing a long essay on a prescribed topic.

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

5/20 (AG-325/825 in total) Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

ASSESSMENT: REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a PhD program. Students should have a background in glaciology, physical geography and/or geology.

Method

Time

Essay (title announced in week 4 of course) Written exam

4 hours

Percentage of final grade

40% 60%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY â&#x20AC;&#x201C; PhD COURSES

AG-830

Permafrost and Periglacial Environments (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring semester, (April-May), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

pers based on field studies in Svalbard or other cold-climatic regions, to improve the understanding of geomorphological processes, and to demonstrate the use of periglacial landforms to reconstruct past environments and climatic conditions. Discussions will concentrate on identifying the critical questions for future permafrost and periglacial research, and how procedures might be devised to address these questions.

10 ECTS overlap with AG-330 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Curriculum/reading list ca. 650 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Hanne H. Christiansen E-mail: hanne.christiansen@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, from none to ca. NOK 1000 COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 (AG-330/830 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a PhD program. Background in physical geography and/or Quaternary geology is recommended. AG-825 students will be given preference.

LEARNING OUTCOME: After having completed this course students will have obtained a comprehensive, advanced understanding of geomorphic processes in regions with permafrost and periglacial landforms, exemplified by Svalbard. The course will provide students with an insight into modern research methods, including field methods and theoretical approaches to understanding processes and impacts of climate on periglacial landforms, allowing them to formulate hypotheses and plan research at the highest scientific level.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 5 weeks and is run in combination with AG-330. The course will have a theoretical part with lectures and seminars, and a practical part with excursions and fieldwork. The practical part will emphasise field methods relevant to permafrost-related research such as geomorphological mapping techniques, drilling in permafrost and installation and operation of sensors and data loggers for measuring temperature and other parameters of the active layer and top permafrost. There will be field excursions to permafrost monitoring sites, rock glaciers, talus sheets, ice-wedges, pingos and rock free faces to visit on-going research projects and for collection of field data. The fieldwork and excursions may be subject to changes, depending upon the weather conditions. Total lecture hours: 30 hours. Exercise hours: 20 hours. Fieldwork or field excursion: 4 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Field work, field excursions, field and laboratory exercises, oral presentation of group field report, scientific paper presentations. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: A 20 minutes oral discussion of the state of research within a self-selected scientific topic, within the scope of the course, followed by a 10 minute discussion with the course participants, minimum two course lecturers and the external evaluator for the course.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course have a specific focus on the interaction between permafrost, periglacial processes and climate, and how this interaction controls the different periglacial landforms. The course will give an insight into modern research methods, including field methods and theoretical approaches to understanding processes and impacts of climate on periglacial landforms. The theoretical part will introduce permafrost basics, periglacial geomorphology, and the meteorological control on the permafrost distribution and the activity of periglacial processes and landforms. The course will focus on arctic and alpine landscapes. Seminars will deal with pa-

Method

Time

Oral presentation and discussion Written exam

4 hours

Percentage of final grade

33% 67%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY – PhD COURSES

AG-832

Arctic Terrestrial Quaternary Stratigraphy (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester, (July-August), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS overlap with AG-332 GRADE:

Sites visited and studied include Kapp Ekholm (Billefjorden), Linnédalen (outer Isfjorden), Poolepynten (Prins Karls Forland), Skilvika (Bellsund), Brøggerhalvøya and Kongsfjordhallet (Kongsfjorden). The focus of the terrestrialfieldstudieswillbeoninterpretationofsedimentary successions and geomorphology in order to reconstruct glacial history, sea level changes and palaeoclimatic variations. As well as re-examining key stratigraphical sites, the students will be given opportunity to participate in collection of novel stratigraphic data, if possible.

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Articles: Ca. 700 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Course responsible: Ólafur Ingólfsson; E-mail: oi@hi.is UNIS contact person: Anne Hormes; E-mail: anne.hormes@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 1600 (8 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 (AG-332/832 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a relevant PhD program. Students must have general understanding of glacial sedimentology and stratigraphy.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Based on field studies of sediment successions at key-stratigraphic sites on western Svalbard the students will obtain an understanding of the Quaternary history of Svalbard, and of the long-term climatic fluctuations between glacial and interglacial periods in the Arctic. The students will be trained to critically evaluate current reconstructions of Svalbard-Barents Sea Late Quaternary glacial history, and to develop alternative reconstructions rooted in results of their field observations.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course takes advantage of relatively easy access from UNIS to most key-stratigraphic sites on western Svalbard. The course starts with introductory lectures on Svalbard geology and history of concepts concerning the Late Quaternary Svalbard-Barents Sea ice sheet. The lectures are followed by seminars, where each student participant gives an oral presentation on a selected subject concerning the glacial and climate history of Svalbard, based on in-depth study of the literature. Field work will be conducted during eight days, where several key stratigraphic sites will be studied to give the student participants a better understand the Quaternary history of Svalbard and the Barents Sea region.

The students will present their field results in the form of a scientific report. The data and observations collected during the field will be used to critically assess the validity of published interpretations of the Svalbard Late Quaternary stratigraphy. The report will be written during one-week of supervised time at UNIS, after the field excursion. The course is intended for PhD students in glacial and Quaternary geology, physical geography and marine geology. It links to AG-826 (Quaternary Glacial and Climate History of the Arctic), and is also recommended for students taking UNIS graduate courses in Quaternary marine geology and glacial geology.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 3 weeks and is run in combination with AG-332. Students are required to read key-literature and prepare seminar presentation prior to arriving at UNIS. Total lecture hours: 8 hours. Total seminar hours: 16 hours. Excursion: 8 days. Post-excursion work with data and report: 1 week.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Oral presentations of subjects within glacial history/glacial stratigraphy of Svalbard. Active participation in fieldwork. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: *The final written report should synthesize field results and critically discuss existing reconstructions of the Svalbard glacial history record. Method Pre-excursion presentations Ship/field logging exercises, industriousness on cruise Written report*

Time

Percentage of final grade

20% 20% 60%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY â&#x20AC;&#x201C; PhD COURSES

AG-833

High Arctic Permafrost landscape dynamics in Svalbard and Greenland (10 ECTS)

Also announced as PhD course at University of Copenhagen. Co-financed by CENPERM. COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester, (August-September), irregular LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

None GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Curriculum/reading list; Ca. 650 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Hanne H. Christiansen E-mail: hanne.christiansen@unis.no Course responsible/contact person at Copenhagen Uni: Bo Elberling, be@geo.ku.dk COURSE COSTS:

NOK 5000 (Course fee covering food and some travel costs) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/10

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue PLACE:

North East Greenland

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a PhD program. Background in physical geography. Advanced master students can be enrolled provided this course is especially relevant for their thesis. Preferencewillbe given to students,who havestudied earlier in Svalbard or Greenland, and/or who can use the results of the course in their theses.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Students will be able to contribute to the development of new knowledge within permafrost and periglacial geomorphology. Particularly they will be able to carry out own research of high international standard comparing the climatic influence on permafrost and periglacial geomorphology in NE Greenland and Svalbard, but also to use this knowledge for comparing to other cold climatic areas. After completing this course students will have obtained a comprehensive, advanced knowledge of how to perform practical periglacial geomorphological fieldwork using different methods and techniques, and how to report scientifically on the collected results. The field methods used will allow understanding of periglacial geomorphological processes and impacts of climate on periglacial landforms. This will allow students to formulate hypotheses and plan research at the highest scientific level.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course focusses on performing detailed field studies within periglacial geomorphology, and using these for improved understanding of present and former environmental and climatic conditions across the largest climatic gradient between NE Greenland and Svalbard. The study areas will be Zackenberg and Revet in NE Greenland, and Adventdalen and Kapp Linne in Svalbard. In this course we will do the fieldwork in Zackenberg, but also supply field data from Svalbard, to allow for the comparison. In particular we will focus on the interaction between permafrost, periglacial processes and climate/meteorology, and how this interaction works at the different periglacial landforms in the two study areas. In the Zackenberg valley ice-wedges we will study nivation fans and niches, solifluction, the ground thermal state, the active layer dynamics, coastal dynamics, carbon and nitrogen availability, oxygen availability and evaluate the periglacial transformation of the glacial landscape. Also the availability of carbon in the different landforms will be assessed. The course will give an insight into modern research methods, including field methods. It is an aim to be able to show how improved understanding of geomorphological processes can be used for reconstruction of past environments and climatic conditions as well as to understand and predict changes associated with future climate conditions.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 2,5 weeks. The course will focus on field excursions and fieldwork. Students will work in two groups throughout the course. We plan two full day excursions in the Zackenberg area, and one in the Revet area. This will function as an introduction to the areas and research installations, including the GeoBasis monitoring programme in Zackenberg. We will do detailed periglacial geomorphological mapping of separate field areas, permafrost hand coring down to app. 3 m below the ground surface in Holocene sedimentary landforms, classify permafrost cores in a field station setting obtaining ice content and type and study sections along rivers/ coasts. Also we will resurvey and probe the ZEROCALM (Zackenberg Ecological Research Operation Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring) grids at Zackenberg, establish a CALM grid at Revet, and compare active layer thicknesses from these grids with similar results obtained during the same period in Svalbard from the UNISCALM grid in Adventdalen. During the course one year of ground temperatures will be collected in Zackenberg from existing boreholes. We will install shallow 2.5 m thermistor strings in new boreholes that we drill in the Revet area and install a meteorological station. Likewise data from

several years of ground temperature monitoring will be analysed from Svalbard. All ground temperatures will have to be analysed by each group, who will work with one specific landform from both Greenland and Svalbard. Groups will have to include ground temperature analyses from both a deeper borehole and a shallow borehole from Zackenberg and Svalbard. Students are required to use data from the GeoBasis monitoring programme at their own choice. A first preliminary metadata report will have to be delivered right before departure from Zackenberg Research station. Field excursion and fieldwork: 14 days (at the Zackenberg Research station in NE Greenland).

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Field excursion and fieldwork: 14 days. Group field report (to be submitted 2 months after the course). All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Percentage of final grade

Written group report

67%

Oral presentation and discussion (at Perma-Nordet workshop)

33%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

Each group must make a written report in paper style form containing the following topics: Geomorphological analysis of landscape development in the area of study in the Zackenberg valley incl. identification of active modern periglacial processes. Assessment includes a 30 minutes oral presentation of the course group work, at the Perma-Nordnet workshop in 2014, followed by a 20 minute discussion with the course and workshop participants.

Geology students on fieldwork by LinnĂŠbreen. Photo: John Whiting.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY â&#x20AC;&#x201C; PhD COURSES

AG-836

Rift basin reservoirs: From outcrop to model (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester, (August), every second year LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS overlap with AG-336 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Curriculum/reading list; ca. 450 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Course responsible: Per Terje Osmundsen E-mail: per.osmundsen@ngu.no UNIS contact person: Riko Noormets E-mail: riko.noormets@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 1600 (8 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 (AG-336/836 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a PhD program in geology or geophysics. Basic knowledge of structural geology and sedimentology. Some previous field experience is required.

LEARNING OUTCOME: The course will enable the students to conduct a cross-disciplinary study of an extensional basin, emphasizing tectono-sedimentary relationships and their importance for the distribution of reservoir and source rocks. In particular, the students will use field observations to constrain and evaluate 3D geological models of rift basin reservoirs. The hands-on experience with a well-exposed half-graben basin in combination with exercises in seismic interpretation will improve the studentÂ´s ability to interpret seismic reflection data from half-graben basins and to analyse such basins in general.

exercises, rift basins are placed in the context of evolutionary models for extensional systems and passive margins. Emphasis is put on how extensional basin architecture develops as a function of fault growth and linkage and how sedimentary systems respond to the topographic gradients produced by faults. Furthermore, we focus on the effect of faulting on reservoir properties and extensional fault modeling, on acquisition and compilation of outcrop data, on seismic and other geophysical expressions of rift basins, and on the use of geological information in modelling software. The PhD students will receive a pre-course assignment based on one or more scientific papers that they will present during the course as a lecture or seminar. The introductory lessons will be followed by field studies in the Billefjorden Trough, an excellently exposed rift basin in Svalbard. This Carboniferous half-graben hosts marginal sandstones as well as carbonates, evaporites and shales. Several types of source-and reservoir rocks will be explored. The participants will work in teams to record outcrop data and develop their own case study of a rift-basin reservoir. The field work will be followed by compilation and evaluation of surface and subsurface data. Finally, the students will combine their own field observations to evaluate reservoir models in a written report and presentation that will be graded together with their performance in the field.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 4 weeks and is run in combination with AG-336. Total lecture and seminar hours: ca. 40 hours. Excursion and field work (based in a tent camp): 9 days. The Arctic climate and the variable topography in the field area require that students are fit and equipped to face the environment.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Pre-course assignment on selected topic, fieldwork, exercises, report. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Pre-course assignment, oral presentation Graded report, oral presentation Written exam

3 hours

Percentage of final grade

20% 30% 50%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY – PhD COURSES

AG-838

Sedimentology Field Course – from Depositional Systems to Sedimentary Architecture (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester, (June-July*), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English

facies models and interpretations in seminars. The field work will focus on gaining practical experience with description and interpretation of sedimentological data. The data collected in the field will be used to discuss published models and interpretations. Field excursions will be carried out partly as daytrips in the area near Longyearbyen and partly as overnight excursions to other areas in order to have access to the full range of sedimentary environments.

CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS overlap with AG-338 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Book chapters, articles; ca. 600 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Maria Jensen E-mail: maria.jensen@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

7 Fieldwork, NOK1400 (7 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 (AG-338/838 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue *The course period might be changed

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a PhD program. Students should have general knowledge about sedimentology and stratigraphy, like AG-209 or similar.

LEARNING OUTCOME: The students will gain a thorough understanding of sedimentary processes and resulting facies and geometries. They will be able to carry out sedimentological analysis on outcrops or cores and understand the advantages and limitations of modern and ancient deposits for development of facies models and stratigraphic boundaries. The students will able to critically evaluate published models and to develop alternative ideas based on the results of their own investigations.

For coastal, fluvial and glacial environments where modern analogues exist on Svalbard today, the physical processes responsible for deposition and resulting sedimentary structures will be investigated and discussed. Field work on exposed sections of Quaternary deposits will be used to illustrate depositional processes and preserved facies and geometries on different time scales. Data on the three-dimensional geometry of sedimentary successions will be used for classroom exercises to discuss the processresponse relationships such as climate and sea level signals in the sedimentary record. The course provides a background for courses in sequence stratigraphy (AG-323/AG-823), rift basin reservoirs – from outcrop to model (AG-336/AG-836) and geological constraints of CO2 sequestration (AG-341/AG-841). The course is also recommended for students taking courses in Quaternary geology.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 4 weeks and is run in combination with AG-338. Total lecture hours: 15 hours. Total seminar hours: 25 hours. Excursions: 10 days. The course relies on active student participation and field work, seminar presentations and discussions are prioritized over lectures. Lectures are used to explain basic principles and introduce topics and terminology, but students will work actively in the field, in the laboratory and in discussion seminars with re- investigations of published work or collecting and interpreting new data.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Field exercises and oral presentations of field result. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Graded report Written exam

3 hours

Percentage of final grade

60% 40%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY â&#x20AC;&#x201C; PhD COURSES

AG-839

Reconstruction of glacial marine sedimentary processes and environments on high-latitude continental margins (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester, (August-September), every second year LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS overlap with AG-339 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Curriculum/reading list; ca. 450 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Riko Noormets E-mail: riko.noormets@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 600-1400 (3-7 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

ACADEMIC CONTENT: Studentsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; ability to interpret the geological-geomorphological evidence left by the former ice masses on the continental margins is the key to understanding the past interactions between the Earth climate system and the cryosphere. Through the lectures, seminars, field work, and the individual project work the students will be introduced to the sedimentary structure of the high-latitude continental shelves and slopes in the Arctic as well as the Antarctica. The processes and products of glacial marine sedimentation from the innermost fjords to the continental shelf and slope will be discussed. Lectures will discuss the various types of submarine glacial landforms, their dimensions, geometry, structure and distribution patterns, and how these parameters can be used to reconstruct the glacial sedimentary environments and former ice flow dynamics within, and at the margins of ice masses. Acoustic and sedimentological methods used to collect data in these environments will be covered as well.

5/20 (AG-339/839 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

Topics discussed during the course range from micro-scale physical processes at the ice-bed interface to the large, ice sheet-scale processes including: 1. Sediment sources and transport mechanisms on highlatitude margins; 2. Entrainment and transport of sediments within ice sheets; 3. Basal mechanics of streaming ice; 4. Role of subglacial meltwater flow in the sediment transfer across the shelf; 5. Various types of submarine landforms in the fjords, on the continental shelf and slope, their relation to ice sheet dynamics; 6. Sedimentation patterns and rates across the fjord-shelf-slope system; 7. Links between ice sheet dynamics and sediment transfer to the continental margins; Practical exercises are designed to complement the lectures by giving the students opportunity to work with geophysical data such as high-resolution bathymetry and topography, as well as sub-bottom acoustics in order to identify various submarine glacial landform systems and interpret their spatial distribution in terms of ice sheet dynamics and sedimentary environments. Each student will be assigned an individual dataset to be analysed for their course projects. The course includes two seminars. As a pre-course assignment, the students are asked to prepare a short talk about their PhD projects specifying its relevance to the content of the course and present it in a seminar at the beginning of the course. Towards the end of the course, the students will present the results of their course projects in a 10-15 min. oral presentation to the class for discussion and write a report based on that in the format of a scientific publication. The course includes 3-7 days cruise in the waters of

Svalbard. During the cruise geophysical and geological data will be obtained from various glacial marine environments. These data will be discussed aboard the vessel and in the following classroom exercises, if possible (subject to the timing of the cruise). The cruise will give students first-hand experience of various data collection and sampling procedures.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 4 weeks and is run in combination with AG-339. Total lecture hours, seminars and practical exercises: ca. 50 hours. Fieldwork/cruise: 3-7 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Fieldwork/cruise, two seminars, two oral presentations (one at each seminar). All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method Written exam Written report

Time 3 hours

Percentage of final grade

70% 30%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

Geology students on Erdmann glacier on their way to V책rsol Bay. Photo: Monica Votvik.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY â&#x20AC;&#x201C; PhD COURSES

AG-841

Geological Constraints of CO2 Sequestration (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester, (August-September), biannually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

including the techniques available for power generation from coals and the different carbon capture technologies. As the CCS value chain has significant political aspects, the political agenda, the administrative demands, and the lobbyist aims and targets will also be introduced to the students. The course offers 5 days of excursion and field work, emphasizing traps (seal) and reservoirs, geology of coal, coal production, power generation, and CO2 storage.

10 ECTS overlap with AG-341 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Articles, and compendium; Ca. 400 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Snorre Olaussen E-mail: snorre.olaussen@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 1000 (5 days x NOK 200) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 (AG-341/841 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 4 weeks and is run in combination with AG-341. Total lecture hours: 24 lecture hours. Seminar hours: 24 hours. Excursion/field work: 5 days. The PhD students will receive a pre-course assignment based on one or more scientific papers that they will present during the course as a lecture or seminar.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: : Enrolment in a PhD program in geology or solid earth geophysics.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Use of Longyearbyen CO2 laboratory will illustrate the value chain from exploitation of coal, use of coal as energy provider to CO2 storage. We use geological and geophysical data together with fluid flow data from the CO2 laboratory drilling sites together with nearby outcrop observation to illustrate the processes for storage of CO2. Emission of climate gases will be addressed. After completing the course, the students will gain insight in the value chain of CCS, knowledge of reservoir characterisation and use of geological and geophysical data as input to reservoir modelling, and learn about methods of sub surface monitoring of the subsurface.

Fieldwork, exercises. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Pre-course assignment, oral presentation Graded report Written exam

3 hours

Percentage of final grade

20% 30% 50%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY – PhD COURSES

AG-842

The Marine Cryosphere and its Cenozoic History (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring semester, (April), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

Competence Basic experience in Arctic fieldwork planning and execution. Independent as well as team-work skills. Independent research writing skills on given topic. Presentation skills, written and oral. Skills for communicating current research topics to the public.

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS overlap with AG-342 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Curriculum/reading list: Ca. 450 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Course responsible: Martin Jakobsson E-mail: martin.jakobsson@geo.su.se UNIS contact person: Riko Noormets E-mail: riko.noormets@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 400-1000 (2-5 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 (AG342/842 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: : Enrolment in a PhD program in Earth sciences. Fundamentals of geology and sedimentology or AG 209, 210 or 211, or equivalent. Students who have attended AG-339 or AG-839 will be given preference.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge Knowledge of the components of the marine cryosphere and their physical characteristics, interaction with the marine environment and climate, and Cenozoic history. A general understanding of the main survey methods applied to study the marine cryosphere. Knowledge of the main paleo proxies used to study the marine cryosphere’s Cenozoic history. Understanding of capabilities and limitations of numerical ice sheet models. Skills Practical skills on analysis of geological records, such as mapped marine glaciogenic landforms and sediment cores, that can be used to reconstruct the paleo-history of the marine cryosphere. Practical skills from assisting in data acquisition during fieldwork. Analytical skills to determine limitations and possibilities in modelling studies of marine ice sheets including ice shelves and ice streams. Be able to design and carry out a research project and by synthesizing the results with data from various sources, explain and challenge the existing theories.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The term marine cryosphere is used to collectively describe frozen water within the marine portion of the Earth’s surface. This incorporates marine based ice sheets including ice shelves and ice streams, icebergs, sea ice, and subsea permafrost. The marine cryosphere has played a key role during several time periods of the Earth’s geological history and is a critical component in studies of climate change. In this course, the students will learn about the evolution of the marine cryosphere during the Cenozoic when the Earth’s experienced a long term palaeoclimatic change from the warm greenhouse to the colder icehouse world. Through the lectures, field work, lab exercises and individual project work, the students will be introduced to the marine cryosphere and its components. Specific emphasis is placed on describing and discussing available methods to study the geological history of the marine cryosphere. The course embraces the marine environment from shallow shelves to the deep ocean. Arctic and Antarctic analogies and differences with respect to the Cenozoic history of the marine cryosphere will be discussed. The main topics of the course are: 1. General physical characteristics of the marine cryosphere: marine based ice sheets, icebergs, sea ice and subsea permafrost 2. Dynamics of marine based ice sheets and sea ice 3. Marine glaciogenic landforms: mapping and interpretation 4. Sea ice and glacial sediment proxies: from biomarkers to ice rafted debris 5. Past and present drift patterns of sea ice and icebergs: implications for interpretation of palaeo-proxies 6. The Cenozoic history of the marine cryosphere 7. Ice sheet modelling: limitations and possibilities to simulate the marine components 8. The cryosphere’s interaction with the marine environment and climate Geological/geophysical data, providing information on the spatial extent and dynamics of the Svalbard-Barents ice sheet during the Last Glacial Maximum, are compared with ice sheet modelling results in the laboratory computer exercises. This will give the students a direct insight into the present limitations and possibilities to simulate the key components of marine based ice sheets; ice streams and ice shelves.

The course includes two seminars. As a pre-course assignment, the students are asked to prepare a short talk about their PhD projects specifying its relevance to the content of the course and present it in a seminar at the beginning of the course. Towards the end of the course, the students will present the results of their course projects in a 10-15 min. Oral presentation to the class for discussion and write a report based on this. The course includes 2-5 days field work based on the sea ice in front of one of Svalbardâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s tidewater glaciers. During the field work geophysical, geological and oceanographic data will be obtained in front of the tidewater glaciers margin. This field work is coordinated with course AG-839 when multibeam mapping, sedimentological and oceanographic data are acquired from the same area. The field work will give students first-hand experience of various data collection and sampling procedures.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 4 weeks in combination with AG-342. Total lecture hours, seminars and practical exercises: ca. 50 hours. Fieldwork: 2-5 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Two presentations. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Written report Written exam

3 hours

Percentage of final grade

30% 70%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

A geology master student on her way to a field observation site by the mountain Griegaksla. Photo: Mike Retelle.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY â&#x20AC;&#x201C; PhD COURSES

AG-843

Carbonate sedimentology field course (5 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester, (July*), biannually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

5 ECTS overlap with AG-343 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F)

Topics discussed during the course range from thin section analyses to larger scale carbonate formation including: 1. Diagenesis of carbonates 2. Microfacies from thin sections 3. Sediment sources and transport mechanisms 4. Depositional processes of carbonates and evaporates. 5. Upper Palaeozoic carbonate/evaporate depositional system in the Arctic 6. Carbonates as hydrocarbon plays, leads, prospects and fields in the Arctic

COURSE MATERIALS:

Curriculum / reading list: Ca. 350 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Course responsible: Lars Stemmerik E-mail: Ls@geo.ku.dk UNIS contact person: Snorre Olaussen E-mail: snorre.olaussen@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 800 (4 days x NOK 200 per day)

The course is recommended to be combined either with the AG 823 (Sequence Stratigraphy - a Tool for Basin Analysis), AG 834 (Polar Petroleum Provinces), AG 836 (Rift basin reservoirs: from outcrop to model) and/or AG838 (Sedimentology field course â&#x20AC;&#x201C; from depositional systems to sedimentary architecture), and the AG 813 (The Fossils of Svalbard and the evolution of life).

COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 (AG-343/843 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue *The course period might be changed

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a PhD program in geology or geophysics. Familiarity with the fundamentals of sedimentology.

LEARNING OUTCOME:

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 2,5 weeks and is run in combination with AG-343. Total lecture hours: 15 hours. Total seminar/exercise hours: 15 hours. Excursion: 4 days. The PhD students will receive a pre-course assignment based on one or more scientific papers that they will present during the course as a lecture or seminar.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES:

The course will enable the students to identify depositional facies in a carbonate ramp or platform, analyse the spatial distribution of the carbonate facies belts and their relation to basin configuration and tectonic development. The student will learn to couple carbonate microfacies and diagenesis to the carbonate factory.

ASSESSMENT:

ACADEMIC CONTENT:

Method

We use world-class Carboniferous and Permian outcrops of Svalbard to illustrate the carbonate and evaporate depositional environments. The course will give an overview of the Arctic Upper Palaeozoic carbonate deposits and offer a general framework of the basin configuration and evolution. A review of the economic significance of the carbonates in the Arctic will be covered.

Pre-course assignment

Lectures will discuss the various types of carbonate depositional environments, their dimensions, geometry and distribution of facies belts, and how these parameters can be used to reconstruct the paleogeography of carbonate basins.

Fieldwork. Oral presentation of Micofacies analysis. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

Written exam

Time

3 hours

Percentage of final grade

20% 80%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOLOGY â&#x20AC;&#x201C; PhD COURSES

AG-845

Dating methods and application in Arctic terrestrial and marine Quaternary Geology (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring semester, (May-June), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS overlap with AG-345 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Articles, book chapters: Ca. 600 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Anne Hormes E-mail: anne.hormes@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 800 (4 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 (AG-345/845 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a PhD program. Students should have general knowledge about Quaternary geology or have passed AG-210 or AG211.

LEARNING OUTCOME: The students will gain a comprehensive understanding of dating methods that are optimal for building robust chronologies for Quaternary marine and terrestrial environmental archives. They will examine problems, challenges and potentials of a range of Quaternary dating methods, with focus on Arctic environments. The course will take advantage of Svalbard as a field laboratory and students will be able to critically assess which sampling techniques and dating methods have given best results, when constructing geochronologies in the Arctic. Students will have the opportunity to discuss problems and potentials of dating methods for their own PhD studies.

The content will focus on recent developments of various dating techniques. Field work will provide hands-on experience in sampling strategies and techniques. Geological description and interpretation specific for each method will be discussed. In the laboratory a wide range of marine and lake sediment cores are available for project studies. Students will have a chance to work on course projects based on gathered field samples or laboratory material. Field sites include lithostratigraphic sections, Late Weichselian and Holocene moraines, marine terraces and erratic boulders. Lectures and seminars will alternate to provide background information for current challenges and avenues of dating methods in the Arctic environments. In seminars student groups will critically assess published case studies with regard to age constraints, interpretations and related challenges. The course provides background for courses in marine geology (AG-839, AG-842), periglacial environments (AG-830) and terrestrial Quaternary geology (AG-832, AG-826).

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 4 weeks and is run in combination with AG-345. Total lecture hours: 25 hours. Total seminar/lab hours: 25 hours. Field exercises: 4 days. This course is also given to students at Master level. For PhD students, extra questions will be added in the final exam and PhD students are asked to present their own PhD study for discussion.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Field and laboratory exercises, oral and written presentation of group projects. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT:

ACADEMIC CONTENT:

Method

The course discusses challenges and new research avenues of the most applicable dating methods for Arctic terrestrial and marine environments by integrating lectures, practical classes, laboratory and field exercises. Tutors will explain both theoretical backgrounds and physical principles of biostratigraphy, radiocarbon dating, amino acid racemization, optical stimulated luminescence dating, cosmogenic nuclide dating, tephrachronology and their application in the Arctic environments.

Course project, oral presentation Written exam

Time

3 hours

Percentage of final grade

40% 60%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

Adventfjorden in spring

The mountain Hiorthfjellet across the fjord from Longyearbyen. Photo by: Eva Therese Jenssen.

Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s a tough life

aRCTIC TECHNOLOGY STUDENTS...

Geophysics students take a break from fieldwork. Photo: Johannes P. Lorentzen.

Dette er en bildetekst som skal fĂ¸lge overskriften. Her skriver du en bildetekst. Photo by: Ola Normann

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOPHYSICS

ARCTIC GEOPHYSICS Svalbard (78Â°N) is the northernmost location on Earth that can easily be visited at any time of the year. The students at UNIS have the opportunity to sit ring-side to observe phenomena that are specific to Polar regions and study the physical processes that lead up to them. UNIS seeks to introduce students to the entire vertical column, from the deep of the oceans up to the outermost boundary of the atmosphere, as a dynamic system with a large variety of processes going on inside each layer as well as interactions between them. NOTE: This department offers courses that are also relevant for UNIS students within e.g. geoscience.

SPECIFIC FIELDS OF STUDY Oceanography: At Svalbard you are in an excellent position to study the complicated air-ice-sea interaction processes in natureâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s own laboratory. Meteorology: Study the processes related to very stable boundary layers and the contrast between cold ice/snow surfaces and relatively warm sea that leads to atmospheric phenomena that can only be observed in Polar Regions. Cryosphere: A distinct feature of the Arctic is the cryosphere. The high Arctic setting in combination with frequent occurrence of warm spells coming from south makes Svalbard a unique place for studying the dynamics of snow and ice in a changing climate. The Middle Polar Atmosphere: Study the unique phenomena of Polar stratospheric clouds, noctilucent clouds, abnormal radar reflections, the Polar mesospheric summer echoes, and the presence of large quantities of sub visual dust.

Upper Polar Atmosphere: Svalbard is at daytime located underneath the polar cusp opening towards the interplanetary space. The polar cusp region is where the solar-terrestrial coupling is most direct and strongest. The two months of darkness mid-winter makes Svalbard one of the most ideal places for ground-based observations of daytime Aurora Borealis. More information about Arctic geophysics at UNIS can be found at this webpage: www.unis.no/studies/geophysics

BACHELOR COURSES

RECOMMENDED COURSE COMBINATIONS: AUTUMN

SPRING

AGF-210 AGF-215 OR AGF-213 AGF-214

AGF-211 AGF-212

AT-209* AT-210* * = Interdisciplinary courses

AB-203*

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOPHYSICS - BACHELOR COURSES

AGF-210

The Middle Polar Atmosphere (15 ECTS)

processes can influence the lower parts of the atmosphere.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: COURSE OFFERED:

Autumn semester, (August-November/December), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

None GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Book chapters, hand-outs; ca. 400 pages

This course will lead to a basic understanding of topical problems related to radiation, chemistry, dynamics and circulation, aerosol physics and waves in the middle atmosphere. The formation and effect of planetary waves, gravity waves and tidal oscillations will be described. Their importance in connecting the mesosphere and its processes to the processes in the lower atmospheric layers will be discussed. Special attention will be paid to how radar, lidar, optical and rocket instrumentation are used to investigate the conditions in this part of the atmosphere.

COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Margit Dyrland E-mail: margit.dyrland@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, ca. NOK 800 (4 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 students

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ SPECIFIC COURSE REQUIREMENTS: 90 ECTS within mathematics / physics / geophysics, preferably courses on meteorology, dynamics and radiation.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge Be able to understand that all parts of the Earth’s atmosphere must be considered in climate and long term weather forecasts. Make it clear that the influence of the tenuous middle atmosphere (stratosphere and mesosphere) can be considerable and should no longer be neglected. Learn that solar particle influx and UV radiation, which are mainly absorbed in the mesosphere, produce reactive molecules which can be transported to lower layers and influence strongly on their chemistry and heat absorption. Realize that meteoric smoke particles produced in the mesosphere where the meteors mainly burn up and re-condense, are transported downwards and will influence on the stratospheric cloud formation, possibly also lower down. Skills Experience in examining the effects of radiation, chemistry, aerosols and waves on the middle atmosphere and knowledge of modern observational methods of various types. Competence Be able to describe and discuss the major processes by which the middle atmosphere reacts to external influence from sun and meteor influx, and how the results of these

The students will get an introduction to the physics of dust/aerosol particles and their role in formation of the noctilucent cloud phenomenon, the radar scattering summer clouds (PMSE) and winter clouds (PMWE). Fieldwork will be connected to airglow observations from the UNIS optical field station, the Kjell Henriksen Observatory (KHO), and to radar and lidar observations from Andøya Rocket Range.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over a full semester. Total lecture hours: 65 hours. Total seminar hours: 30 hours. Fieldwork/Excursion: 4-6 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Fieldwork and written report. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method Written exam

Time

Percentage of final grade

5 hours

100%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOPHYSICS - BACHELOR COURSES

AGF-211

Air-Ice-Sea Interaction (15 ECTS)

COURSE OFFERED:

Spring semester, (January-May/June), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

None GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Book chapters, articles, compendia; ca. 350 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Frank Nilsen E-mail: frank.nilsen@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, ca. NOK 1400 (7 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 students

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course gives students an understanding of the processes involved in the interaction between the ocean and the atmosphere in regions totally or partly covered with sea-ice. Subjects covered include the thermodynamic aspects of freezing and melting of sea-ice, the fine-scale structure of sea-ice, the formation and deformation of ice-cover caused by thermodynamic processes and influence of wind, currents and wave action. The course also covers turbulent boundary layer theory connected with winds and currents in the boundary layers above and below the ice cover, and the processes that provide and influence the energy balance in the ocean-ice-air boundary layer. Energy balance and the effective production of water types in regions with sea-ice are discussed with a view to the impact on climate. Fieldwork will take place on sea ice (fjord ice or ice floes) during a scientific cruise with a research vessel. Students make reports from selected field measurements. The most relevant combination with this course would be AGF-212.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ SPECIFIC COURSE REQUIREMENTS: 90 ECTS within mathematics / physics / geophysical fluid dynamics (3 full-time semesters at university). It is also recommended that students have a minimum basic knowledge of oceanography corresponding to Chapter 1-6, 8, 9.11 in Pond and Pickard (1983): â&#x20AC;&#x153;Introduction to Dynamical Oceanographyâ&#x20AC;?, Pergamon Press, or to similar texts.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge A wide knowledge of processes controlling the sea ice cover in the Marginal Ice Zone, on thermodynamic- and mechanical ice growth, and boundary layer theories. Skills Be able to identify boundary layers above and below sea ice and apply turbulence theory in order to calculate heat- and salt fluxes in the under-ice boundary layer. Moreover, be able to classify different sea ice types and the corresponding internal sea ice structure through analysing ice core data. Have the ability to handle a scientific instrument used in oceanography on scientific cruises and acquire skills in writing scientific reports based on data collected during fieldwork. Competence Competence in Arctic marine fieldwork operations. Be able to handle oceanographic instruments in the field, process the data, writing a scientific report and presenting the results in public.

The course extends over a full semester. Total lecture hours: 60 hours. Total seminar hours: 20 hours. Field exercises: 7 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Field- and laboratory exercises and report, presentation of report. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method Oral exam

Time

Percentage of final grade

100%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOPHYSICS - BACHELOR COURSES

AGF-212

Snow and Ice Processes (15 ECTS)

COURSE OFFERED:

Spring semester, (January-May/June), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

None GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Book chapters, articles, compendia; ca. 500 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Course responsible: To be announced UNIS contact person: Frank Nilsen E-mail: frank.nilsen@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

None

tion of snow in the atmosphere and the processes causing transformation of snow into ice on the ground. Further, the course includes the theory of mass- and energy fluxes inside snow- and ice masses as well as the interaction with the atmosphere. An introduction is given to the theory of ice dynamics, heatand mass transfer, thermal regime and the distribution of temperature inside snow, glaciers and ice-sheets. The course also offers an introduction to principles of glacier dynamics and the interpretation of chemical and physical parameters from ice-cores will also be given. During the course, field excursions and field exercises are important components. Glacier fieldwork is included and aims at providing a better understanding of the driving processes and measurement techniques behind the impact of snow- and ice masses on climate change.

COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 students

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ SPECIFIC COURSE REQUIREMENTS: 90 ECTS within mathematics / physics / geophysics (3 fulltime semesters at university). It is also recommended that students have a minimum basic knowledge of earth science and preferably some insight to cryospheric processes. Students should have basic knowledge in thermodynamics, mechanics, partial differential equations, experience in Matlab or other data analysis.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over a full semester. Total lecture hours: approximately 70 hours. Total exercises hours: approximately 10 hours. Fieldwork: approximately 5 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Fieldwork, presentation of field report. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

LEARNING OUTCOME:

Time

Percentage of final grade

20% 80%

Knowledge Be able to understand and describe physical and dynamical processes of snow and ice and the response on climate changes in the Arctic.

Graded field report

Skills Be able to handle scientific instruments used during the field course and acquire skills in writing scientific reports based on data collected during fieldwork.

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

Competence Be able to discuss recent and ongoing research activity on glaciers and ice sheets.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course gives an overview of the most important components and processes of the Arctic cryosphere and its interaction with climate with focus on glaciers. There is an introduction to the processes which lead to the forma-

Oral exam

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOPHYSICS - BACHELOR COURSES

AGF-213

Polar Meteorology and Climate (15 ECTS)

COURSE OFFERED:

Autumn semester, (August-November/December), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

None GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Book chapters, articles, compendia; ca. 350 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Anna Sjöblom Coulson E-mail: anna.sjoblom.coulson@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

None COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/16 students

The field component of the course provides an introduction to a number of meteorological observational techniques. Special attention will be paid to exchange processes between the atmosphere and diverse surfaces, local meteorological processes typical of polar regions and the challenges of weather forecasting in the Arctic. The most relevant combination with this course would be AGF-214.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over a full semester. Total lecture hours: 65 hours. Total seminar hours: 20 hours. Fieldwork: 4 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Fieldwork, presentation of one scientific article. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue Non-programmable calculator.

ASSESSMENT: Method

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ SPECIFIC COURSE REQUIREMENTS:

Graded field report

90 ECTS within mathematics / physics / geophysical fluid dynamics (3 full-time semesters at university). Students should have basic knowledge in meteorology equivalent to “Essentials of Meteorology, An Invitation to the Atmosphere” by C. Donald Ahrens.

Written exam

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge Be able to understand the physical and dynamic processes in the polar atmosphere. Skills Have skills in handling scientific meteorological instruments through hands-on fieldwork, how to analyse data and writing scientific reports. Competence Be able to explain how the processes in the polar atmosphere differ from those of the mid-latitude.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course covers a variety of themes important for the weather and climate in polar areas: small and local scale meteorology; boundary layer meteorology; turbulence; local wind phenomena such as catabatic and mountain winds; dynamic meteorology; radiation and remote sensing; atmospheric chemistry; numerical modelling; weather forecasting; climate processes and climate change. Emphasis will be on the differences between the polar atmosphere and the atmosphere at mid-latitudes and on understanding the physical processes involved.

Time

5 hours

Percentage of final grade

20% 80%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOPHYSICS - BACHELOR COURSES

AGF-214

Polar Ocean Climate (15 ECTS)

COURSE OFFERED:

Autumn semester, (August-November/December), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

None GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Book chapters, articles, compendia; ca. 350 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Eva Falck E-mail:eva.falck@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 1000-1400 (5-7 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

influences the vertical structure of the water masses. The thermobaric effect on the compressibility of sea-water has its relevance for determining the deep circulation in the world’s oceans. The small-scale double diffusion also has an impact on convection in regions where the conditions for this process are favourable. The dynamic theory is associated with the circulation and current systems in the different Polar Regions, in particular the Arctic Basin, the Greenland Sea and the circulation around Antarctica. Essential processes here are the wind-induced circulation, including rotational effects, upwelling, and downwelling associated with wind-induced divergence and convergence, and also tidal currents. Frontal dynamics and the topographic impact on current systems are also covered. As a background for discussing the stability of current systems and fronts, relevant wave theory will be covered, both pure gravity waves and waves influenced by rotation. The most relevant combination with this course would be AGF-213.

5/16 students

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ SPECIFIC COURSE REQUIREMENTS: 90 ECTS within mathematics / physics / geophysical fluid dynamics (3 full-time semesters at university). It is also recommended that students have a minimum basic knowledge of oceanography corresponding to Chapter 1-6, 8, 9.11 in Pond and Pickard (1983): “Introduction to Dynamical Oceanography”, Pergamon Press, or to similar texts.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge Be able to describe physical and dynamical processes in the Polar Oceans (Arctic and Antarctic) and to demonstrate the influence of sea ice on geophysical fluid dynamics in high latitudes. Skills Learn how to handle scientific instruments used in oceanography on scientific cruises and earn skills in writing scientific reports based on data collected during fieldwork. Competence Be able to present, discuss, and defend scientific results from individual field reports.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course gives an overview of the water masses and current systems in the Arctic Basin, the Greenland, Norwegian and Barents Seas, and a comparison with the Southern Ocean around Antarctica. Convection associated with cooling and freezing of surface water

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over a full semester. Total lecture hours: 65 hours. Total seminar hours: 20 hours. Fieldwork: 5-7 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Fieldwork, field report, presentation of report. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method Oral exam

Time

Percentage of final grade

100%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOPHYSICS - BACHELOR COURSES

AGF-215

software for analysing satellite data (ERDAS Imagine).

Satellite Monitoring of a Changing Arctic (15 ECTS)

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: COURSE OFFERED:

The course extends over a full semester.

Autumn semester, (August-November/December), annually

Total lecture hours: 65 hours. Total seminar hours: 15 hours. Fieldwork: approximately 30 hours.

LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

None

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES:

GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F)

Fieldwork and written report.

COURSE MATERIALS:

Book chapters, hand-outs; ca. 400 pages

All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Dag A. Lorentzen E-mail: dag.lorentzen@unis.no

ASSESSMENT:

COURSE COSTS:

None

Method

COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

Time

Percentage of final grade

5 hours

100%

5/20 students

Written exam

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ SPECIFIC COURSE REQUIREMENTS: 90 ECTS within mathematics / physics / geophysics.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge Be able to understand and describe different methods used to analyse satellite remote sensing images. Skills Know how to use a thermal IR camera measuring sea surface temperatures and oceanic fronts, and how to analyse the retrieved data. Competence Be able to classify multi-spectral satellite images using supervised and unsupervised classification methods.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The main goal of this course is to show students how remote sensing can be utilized in environmental monitoring and resource management on the Earth where surface-based observations are difficult and expensive to gather. This course will have a special emphasis on the cryosphere. The course includes theory on electromagnetic radiation and its interaction with the atmosphere, an introduction to digital data and image interpretation, an introduction to active and passive instrumentation (radar and optical) found on satellite platforms, as well as an introduction to different image classification methods (especially supervised and unsupervised classification) and

A bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus) takes a rest on an ice floe in front of a glacier. Photo: Eva Therese Jenssen.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOPHYSICS - BACHELOR COURSES

AGF-216

The Stormy Sun and the Northern Lights (5 ECTS)

COURSE OFFERED:

Spring semester (February, evening course), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

None GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F)

modern observations of the sun are also included. How do scientists study the aurora today? The course gives a brief overview of the extensive Norwegian scientific infrastructure used to study the effects from the sun. Furthermore the course will explain how solar induced disturbances, called space weather, affect our society. Numerous attempts have been made over the years to link various aspects of solar variability to changes in the Earth's climate. A brief discussion on natural climate change will be included.

COURSE MATERIALS:

Book chapters; ca. 150 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Course responsible: Pål Brekke E-mail: paal.brekke@spacecentre.no UNIS contact person: Fred Sigernes E-mail: fred.sigernes@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

None COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/30 students

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

This course cannot be applied for separately. Open to all admitted students – apply after your arrival at UNIS.

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ SPECIFIC COURSE REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a course within one of the four disciplines taught at UNIS.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge A basic understanding of the sun, how events on the sun trigger space weather, including the northern lights and the processes in the Earth’s atmosphere. Understand how solar variability may cause climate change and how space weather affects our technology-based society. Skills Be able to describe features of the Sun and the Sun-Earth connection, features of the Northern lights from myths to modern science and of observing techniques to improve our knowledge. Be able to capture pictures of the aurora. Competence Be able to understand and reflect around this part of geophysics and to participate in the discussions related to how the Sun affects our society in many ways. Be able to describe modern observing techniques. The competence achieved should be a useful building block for other courses.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course will give an historic summary of the sun and the northern lights from ancient myths to early science. A brief introduction to the sun, solar activity, solar storms and

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 2 weeks (afternoon lessons). Total lecture hours: 16 hours. Total fieldwork/excursion: 1 evening excursion to the Kjell Henriksen Observatory, 1 evening excursion to SvalSat.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: At least 80 % attendance at lectures.

ASSESSMENT: Method Written exam

Time

Percentage of final grade

3 hours

100%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOPHYSICS - MASTER COURSES

AGF-301

The Upper Polar Atmosphere (15 ECTS)

COURSE OFFERED:

Spring semester, (January-May/June), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

15 ECTS with AGF-801

Central elements in this course will be descriptions of the Earth’s magnetic field, the magnetosphere, ionization processes and the formation of the ionosphere. The current system related to the coupling between the magnetosphere and the upper atmosphere/ionosphere, together with the generation and absorption mechanisms for waveforms and transport of electromagnetic energy will be described. Both particle and magneto-hydrodynamic descriptions of space plasma will be presented.

GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Book chapters, articles, compendia; ca. 450 pages

The project report will be set in connection with fieldwork at the Kjell Henriksen Observatory (KHO). Students are recommended to take AGF-301 in parallel with AGF-304.

COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Dag A. Lorentzen E-mail: dag.lorentzen@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

None COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 students (AGF-301/801 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue Non-programmable calculator.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over a full semester and is run in combination with AGF-801. Total lecture hours: 65 hours. Total seminar hours: 15 hours. Fieldwork: 30 hours.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ SPECIFIC COURSE REQUIREMENTS:

Fieldwork and written report. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

Enrolment in a relevant master program.

ASSESSMENT: LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge Be able to describe how the energy from the solar wind is deposited in the Earth’s magnetosphere/ionosphere system, and how this is related to physical processes observable from satellite and ground-based instrumentation. Skills Have the ability to operate several optical instruments located at the Kjell Henriksen Observatory. Competence Be able to analyse space physics data, and relate the outcome to physical processes in the ionosphere.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: This course describes the interactions between the solar wind and the Earth’s magnetosphere and the consequences of these processes for the ionized region of the upper atmosphere, i.e. the ionosphere. Energy, particles and momentum transferred from the solar wind manifest themselves in the upper Polar atmosphere particularly as the aurora, but also in terms of powerful electric currents and wind systems (ion winds as well as winds in the neutral gas).

Method Written exam

Time

Percentage of final grade

5 hours

100%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOPHYSICS - MASTER COURSES

AGF-304 |

Radar Diagnostics of Space Plasma (15 ECTS)

COURSE OFFERED:

Spring semester, (January-May/June), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

15 ECTS with AGF-804 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Selected chapters from compendia and lecture notes; ca. 300 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Lisa Baddeley E-mail: lisa.baddeley@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

None COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 students (AGF-304/804 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ SPECIFIC COURSE REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a relevant master program.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course begins with a brief introduction to basic plasma physics before providing a detailed description of the fundamental theories of both incoherent and coherent scattering processes. A technical description will be given of the EISCAT Svalbard Radar (ESR) including transmitter, receivers and antenna design. Students will be taught how ionospheric plasma parameters can be derived, through signal processing and coding techniques. This will include detailed knowledge regarding radar scattering cross-sections, mathematical descriptions of plasma density fluctuations and statistical methods utilized in signal analysis. An introduction to different radar techniques, including scanning and experimental modes will be given before the students are required to design their own radar experiment. The fieldwork will then consist of five days at the ESR, where the students will be taught how to run experiments using the radar. The students will also be responsible for operating the ESR whilst carrying out their experiments. Students will be taught how to use the data analysis program GUISDAP (Grand Unified Incoherent Scatter Design and Analysis Package), which is used to process the EISCAT radar measurements. The students will be responsible for analysing the datasets amassed during their fieldwork. The results of which will form the basis of their project report. They will also be taught how to access and interpret coherent scatter radar data. Students are recommended to take AGF-304 in parallel with AGF-301.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over a full semester and is run in combination with AGF-804. Total lecture hours: 65 hours. Total exercises: 30 hours. Fieldwork at EISCAT Svalbard Radar: 5 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Fieldwork and written report.

Have the ability to discuss the different analysis techniques employed for the different radar systems. Understand the methodology and scientific reasoning behind the different experimental modes employed by the EISCAT radars. Have the ability to argue scientifically why a particular experiment mode is better suited to study a particular scientific question and present the results, in combination with other relevant datasets, orally to oneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s peers.

All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method Oral exam

Time

Percentage of final grade

100%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOPHYSICS - MASTER COURSES

AGF-345 |

Polar Magnetospheric Substorms (10 ECTS)

COURSE OFFERED:

Autumn semester, (November-December), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS with AGF-845 GRADE:

Covered topics include solar wind - magnetosphere coupling, magnetic reconnection, energy accumulation and storage, energy release and introduction to plasma instabilities that are thought to be responsible for the triggering of substorms. Also discussed are the energy budget and ionospheric effects of substorms. The course consists of a combination of lectures, exercises, fieldwork and project work. Measurements obtained at the Kjell Henriksen Observatory and/or EISCAT form the basis of a written report.

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Selected chapters from compendia and lecture notes; ca. 300 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Course responsible: Stein H책land E-mail: stein.haaland@issi.unibe.ch UNIS contact person: Lisa Baddeley E-mail: lisa.baddeley@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

None COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/16 students (AGF-345/845 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 5 weeks and is run in combination with AGF-845. Total lecture hours: 30-40 hours. Total exercises: 10-15 hours. Fieldwork at the Kjell Henriksen Observatory and/or EISCAT Svalbard Radar: 2 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Fieldwork. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ SPECIFIC COURSE REQUIREMENTS:

ASSESSMENT:

Enrolment in a relevant master program.

Method

LEARNING OUTCOME:

Graded written report

Knowledge Be able to describe what a polar magnetospheric substorm is, know the most important processes involved, know the fundamental models and be familiar with the terminology used in discussing polar magnetospheric substorms. Skills Be able to analyse data from a suite of ground and space instruments and use this data to identify processes, determine the sequence of events and to be able to estimate the energy budget of a substorm. Competence Be able to perform an independent investigation of a substorm and present the result of this investigation in the form of a written report.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: This course gives an overview of polar magnetospheric substorms, the primary process responsible for large-scale auroral breakups. A substorm is a transient event where a large amount of energy is deposited in the high-latitude ionosphere. On the ground, this is typically manifested in the form of intense aurora. This course provides a historical overview of substorm research and introduces the terminology and models that are used to explain the phenomenon. Key elements in the chain of interactions that constitute a substorm are discussed.

Oral exam

Time

Percentage of final grade

50% 50%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOPHYSICS - MASTER COURSES

AGF-350 |

The Arctic Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Local Climate Processes (10 ECTS)

COURSE OFFERED:

Spring semester, (February-March), every second year LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS with AGF-850 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Book chapters, articles, compendia; ca. 350 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Anna Sjรถblom Coulson E-mail: Anna.Sjoblom.Coulson@unis.no

often are poorly implemented in these kinds of models. The course covers themes relevant for the Arctic atmospheric boundary layer such as: theory of the boundary layer with special emphasis on the stable boundary layer; turbulence; local climate processes; air-ice-sea interaction; topographically induced phenomena; measuring techniques and data analysis; numerical modelling.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 4 weeks and is run in combination with AGF-850. Total lecture hours: 35 hours. Total seminar hours: 10 hours. Fieldwork and computer exercises: 1 week.

COURSE COSTS:

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES:

COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

Fieldwork, NOK 600-1200 (3-6 days x NOK 200 per day) 5/16 students (AGF-350/850 in total)

Fieldwork, computer exercises.

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

ASSESSMENT: Method

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ SPECIFIC COURSE REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a relevant master program. Students should have general knowledge of meteorology, like AGF-213 or similar.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge An advanced understanding of physical processes typical of the Arctic atmospheric boundary layer and how the Arctic boundary layer differs from that at lower latitudes. Skills Have the ability to describe and identify the challenges of taking meteorological measurements and applying numerical models in the Arctic, based on hands-on exercises. Acquire skills in writing scientific reports based on data from the exercises. Competence Be able to identify and analyse relevant Arctic atmospheric boundary layer problems.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: Weather forecasts in the Arctic are often unreliable, and the global climate models show a large uncertainty in scenarios. One of the reasons is that processes in the Arctic atmospheric boundary layer

Time

Graded report Written exam

4 hours

Percentage of final grade

25% 75%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOPHYSICS - MASTER COURSES

AGF-352

Chemical oceanography in the Arctic (10 ECTS)

COURSE OFFERED:

Spring semester (March-April or April-May), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS with AGF-852 GRADE:

The cold waters of the Arctic are particularly sensitive to decreasing calcium carbonate saturation, which could have major consequences for both pelagic and benthic calcifiers. The role of sea ice in influencing fluxes of climate relevant gases and the effect of ice freezing and melting on chemical constituents in the ice and in the water column below is an essential part of the course. The fieldwork will be conducted by an ice-going research vessel.

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Book chapters, articles, compendia; ca. 350 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Eva Falck E-mail: eva.falck@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 1000-1400 (5-7 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 6 weeks and is run in combination with AGF-852. Total lecture hours: 30 hours. Total seminar hours: 20 hours. Fieldwork: 5-7 days.

5/16 students

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Field report and presentation of report. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ SPECIFIC COURSE REQUIREMENTS:

ASSESSMENT:

Enrolment in a relevant master program. Previous coursework in oceanography and chemistry.

Method

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge Knowledge of sea ice biogeochemistry and the role sea ice may play in gas exchange. Good knowledge of the marine carbon cycle in the Arctic Ocean and how it may respond to future climatic changes. Understand the effects of ocean acidification on marine biogeochemistry. Skills Be able to analyse and process data collected during a field campaign and to write a scientific report. Competence Be able to present, discuss, and defend the scientific results from individual field reports.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course describes the distribution of some chemical constituents in the Arctic and processes that can change their distribution, with main emphasis on carbon, methane, oxygen, and nutrients. The Arctic Ocean and the continental shelves that surround it play an important role in the biogeochemical cycling of carbon, nutrients, and gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, and will likely play an increasing role in the future if continued warming and sea ice loss occur.

Oral exam

Time

Percentage of final grade

100%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOPHYSICS - PhD COURSES

AGF-801

The Upper Polar Atmosphere (15 ECTS)

COURSE OFFERED:

Spring semester, (January-May/June), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

15 ECTS with AGF-301

GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Book chapters, articles, compendia; ca. 500 pages

The project report will be set in connection with fieldwork at the Kjell Henriksen Observatory (KHO). Students are recommended to take AGF-801 in parallel with AGF-804.

COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Dag A. Lorentzen E-mail: dag.lorentzen@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

None COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 students (AGF-301/801 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over a full semester and is run in combination with AGF-301. Total lecture hours: 65 hours. Total seminar hours: 15 hours. Fieldwork: approx. 30 hours.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ SPECIFIC COURSE REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a relevant PhD program.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge Be able to describe how the energy from the solar wind is deposited in the Earth’s magnetosphere/ionosphere system, and how this is related to physical processes observable from satellite and ground-based instrumentation. Skills Have the ability to operate and calibrate several optical instruments located at the Kjell Henriksen Observatory, analyse this data, and put the data in context with other ground-based and space-based measurements. Competence Be able to combine the data sets, and relate the outcome to physical processes in the ionosphere, as well as presenting the results orally to one’s peers.

Fieldwork, written report and presentation of one scientific article. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method Written exam

Time

Percentage of final grade

5 hours

100%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOPHYSICS - PhD COURSES

AGF-804 |

Radar Diagnostics of Space Plasma (15 ECTS)

COURSE OFFERED:

Spring semester, (January-May/June), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

15 ECTS with AGF-304 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Selected chapters from compendia and lecture notes; ca. 400 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Lisa Baddeley E-mail: lisa.baddeley@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

None COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 students (AGF-304/804 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ SPECIFIC COURSE REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a relevant PhD program.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge Detailed knowledge of radar techniques employed in the field of space plasma and ionospheric physics research. Knowledge of several aspects of both coherent and incoherent scatter radars, including radar design, pulse coding techniques and signal processing. Skills and Competence • Have the ability to design and run experiments at the EISCAT Svalbard Radar (ESR). • Have the ability to analyse data, assess the data quality and analysis techniques used. Explain typical features that are seen in both coherent and incoherent scatter radar data, including combining datasets from both radar systems. • Have the ability to discuss the different analysis techniques employed for the different radar systems. Understand the methodology and scientific reasoning behind the different experimental modes employed by the EISCAT radars. • Have the ability to argue scientifically why a particular experiment mode is better suited to study a particular scientific question and present the results, in combination with other relevant datasets, orally to one’s peers.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course begins with a brief introduction to basic plasma physics before providing a detailed description of the fundamental theories of both incoherent and coherent scattering processes. A technical description will be given of the EISCAT Svalbard Radar (ESR) including transmitter, receivers and antenna design. Students will be taught how ionospheric plasma parameters can be derived, through signal processing and coding techniques. This will include detailed knowledge regarding radar scattering cross-sections, mathematical descriptions of plasma density fluctuations and statistical methods utilized in signal analysis. An introduction to different radar techniques, including scanning and experimental modes will be given before the students are required to design their own radar experiment. The fieldwork will then consist of five days at the ESR, where the students will be taught how to run experiments using the radar. The students will also be responsible for operating the ESR whilst carrying out their experiments. Students will be taught how to use the data analysis program GUISDAP (Grand Unified Incoherent Scatter Design and Analysis Package), which is used to process the EISCAT radar measurements. The students will be responsible for analysing the datasets amassed during their fieldwork. The results of which will form the basis of their project report. They will also be taught how to access and interpret coherent scatter radar data. The students will be required to give an oral presentation detailing the results of the fieldwork experiments and providing a scientific interpretation of the data in the context of ionospheric plasma processes. Students are recommended to take AGF-804 in parallel with AGF-801.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over a full semester and is run in combination with AGF-304. Total lecture hours: 65 hours. Total exercises: 30 hours. Fieldwork at EISCAT Svalbard Radar: 5 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Fieldwork and written report. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method Oral exam

Time

Percentage of final grade

100%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOPHYSICS - PhD COURSES

AGF-845 |

Polar Magnetospheric Substorms (10 ECTS)

COURSE OFFERED:

Autumn semester, (November/December), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS with AGF-345 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F)

that constitute a substorm are discussed. Covered topics include solar wind - magnetosphere coupling, magnetic reconnection, energy accumulation and storage, energy release and introduction to plasma instabilities that are thought to be responsible for the triggering of substorms. Also discussed are the energy budget and ionospheric effects of substorms. The course consists of a combination of lectures, exercises, fieldwork and project work. Measurements obtained at the Kjell Henriksen Observatory and/or EISCAT form the basis of a written report.

COURSE MATERIALS:

Selected chapters from compendia and lecture notes; ca. 400 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Course responsible: Stein H책land E-mail:stein.haaland@issi.unibe.ch UNIS contact person: Lisa Baddeley E-mail: lisa.baddeley@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

None COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/16 students (AGF-345/845 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 5 weeks and is run in combination with AGF-345. Total lecture hours: 30-40 hours. Total exercises: 10-15 hours. Fieldwork at the Kjell Henriksen Observatory and/or EISCAT Svalbard Radar: 2 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Fieldwork. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ SPECIFIC COURSE REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a relevant PhD program.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge Be able to describe what a polar magnetospheric substorm is, know the most important processes involved, know the fundamental models and be familiar with the terminology used in discussing polar magnetospheric substorms. Skills Be able to analyze data from a suite of ground and space instruments and use this data to identify processes, determine the sequence of events and to be able to estimate the energy budget of a substorm. Competence Be able to perform an independent investigation of a substorm and present the result of this investigation in the form of a written report.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: This course gives an overview of polar magnetospheric substorms, the primary process responsible for large-scale auroral breakups. A substorm is a transient event where a large amount of energy is deposited in the high-latitude ionosphere. On the ground, this is typically manifestedintheformofintenseaurora.Thiscourseprovidesa historical overview of substorm research and introduces the terminology and models that are used to explain the phenomenon. Key elements in the chain of interactions

ASSESSMENT: Method Graded written report Oral exam

Time

Percentage of final grade

50% 50%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOPHYSICS - PhD COURSES

AGF-850 |

The Arctic Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Local Climate Processes (10 ECTS)

COURSE OFFERED:

Spring semester, (February-March), every second year LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS with AGF-350 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Book chapters, articles, compendia; ca. 450 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Anna Sjรถblom Coulson E-mail: anna.sjoblom.coulson@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 600-1200 (3-6 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

The course covers themes relevant for the Arctic atmospheric boundary layer such as: theory of the boundary layer with special emphasis on the stable boundary layer; turbulence; local climate processes; air-ice-sea interaction; topographically induced phenomena; measuring techniques and data analysis; numerical modelling.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 4 weeks and is run in combination with AGF-350. Total lecture hours: 35 hours. Total seminar hours: 10 hours. Fieldwork and computer exercises: 1 week.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Fieldwork, computer exercises, article presentations. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

5/16 students (AGF-350/850 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ SPECIFIC COURSE REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a relevant PhD program. Students should have general knowledge of meteorology, like AGF-213 or similar.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge Advanced understanding of current research themes of physical processes typical of the Arctic atmospheric boundary layer and how the Arctic boundary layer differs from that at lower latitudes. Skills Have the ability to take hands-on meteorological measurements in the Arctic atmospheric boundary layer and, through computer exercises, be able to explain the challenges of applying numerical models in the Arctic. Master scientific report writing through the use of data from the field and computer exercises. Competence: Be able to identify new relevant Arctic atmospheric boundary layer problems and discuss them in international forums. Be able to present and discuss a relevant scientific paper.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Graded written report Written exam

4 hours

Percentage of final grade

25% 75%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC GEOPHYSICS - PhD COURSES

AGF-852 |

Chemical oceanography in the Arctic (10 ECTS)

COURSE OFFERED:

Spring semester (March-April or April-May), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

role in the future if continued warming and sea ice loss occur. The cold waters of the Arctic are particularly sensitive to decreasing calcium carbonate saturation, which could have major consequences for both pelagic and benthic calcifiers. The role of sea ice in influencing fluxes of climate relevant gases and the effect of ice freezing and melting on chemical constituents in the ice and in the water column below is an essential part of the course.

10 ECTS with AGF-352 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F)

The fieldwork will be conducted by an ice-going research vessel.

COURSE MATERIALS:

Book chapters, articles, compendia; ca. 350 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Eva Falck E-mail: eva.falck@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 1000-1400 (5-7 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/16 students (AGF-352/852 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue Dictionary from English to mother tongue.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 6 weeks and is run in combination with AGF-352. Total lecture hours: 30 hours. Total seminar hours: 20 hours. Fieldwork: 5-7 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Produce a scientific article manuscript suitable for publication in scientific journal and present and discuss the results in class. Hold a seminar based on a scientific paper listed in the course syllabus.

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ SPECIFIC COURSE REQUIREMENTS:

All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

Enrolment in a relevant PhD program. Previous coursework in oceanography and chemistry.

ASSESSMENT:

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge Knowledge of sea ice biogeochemistry and the role sea ice may play in gas exchange. Good knowledge of the marine carbon cycle in the Arctic Ocean and how it may respond to future climatic changes. Understand the effects of ocean acidification on marine biogeochemistry. Competence Be able to analyse and process data collected during a field campaign and write a scientific article based on the results. Skills Be able to present, discuss, and defend the scientific results in the article. Arrange and give a presentation at a seminar.

Method Oral exam

Time

Percentage of final grade

100%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

The Northern Lights

dances across the sky over AGF-345 students on an excursion to the EISCAT radar station. Photo: Nj책l Gulbrandsen.

100

Lunch break

Technology students take a moment to enjoy the March sun in Van Mijen fjorden. Photo: David Wrangborg.

UNIS | ARCTIC TECHNOLOGY

ARCTIC TECHNOLOGY The AT courses offered at UNIS is especially designed for todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Arctic technology challenges including priority aspects of climate change, as the courses have the advantage of being taught in an Arctic environment where this type of technology has been applied for many decades. At UNIS students conduct field activities implemented in actual research projects. More information about Arctic technology at UNIS can be found at the technology webpage: www.unis.no/studies/technology

THERE ARE TWO MAIN FIELDS WITHIN THE AT DEPARTMENT:

Arctic Engineering: Knowledge of Arctic engineering technology is essential to provide sound design and construction recommendations both offshore and onshore in the Arctic. UNIS students can participate in infrastructure projects on Svalbard, as well as field studies of sea-ice properties in the adjacent seas. Studies on avalanches and slides in the mountains of Svalbard are integrated into the Arctic Technology course portfolio. Field investigations, together with laboratory testing and numerical analysis create the basis for understanding thermo-mechanical properties and processes in snow, permafrost and ice. At UNIS students will have an excellent opportunity to investigate, design and perform mitigation measures for infrastructures under a changing climate.

Arctic Environmental Technology: Present levels of pollutants, degradation processes, spreading mechanisms and environmental effects need to be well understood when designing efficient response strategies with the aim to reduce the environmental impacts. The department is specialized in various topics in environmental pollution, such as toxicology, fate and long-range transport of persistent organic pollutants and environmental risk assessment and modelling.

RECOMMENDED FULL SEMESTER COMBINATIONS

BACHELOR COURSES SPRING

MASTER/PHD COURSES AUTUMN

BACHELOR COURSES AUTUMN

MASTER/PHD COURSES SPRING

AT-205 AT-211

AT-301/801 AT-327/827 AT-332/832

AT-209* AT-210*

AT-324/824 AT-330/830 AT-331/831

* = Interdisciplinary courses

101

102

UNIS | ARCTIC TECHNOLOGY – BACHELOR COURSES

AT-205

Frozen Ground Engineering for Arctic Infrastructures (15 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring semester, (January-June), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

Field works will consist of survey of foundation methods used in practice in the Arctic, geotechnical methods in soil sampling, and snow investigation methods for evaluation of avalanche hazard. Laboratory work will focus on investigation methods in characterizing the soil and finding the parameters necessary for design of foundation. There will also be one week course on snow and avalanches focusing on snow stability evaluation methods.

None GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Books: Andersland O. B. and B. Ladanyi (2004): “Frozen Ground Engineering”. McClung D. and P. Schaerer (2006): “The Avalanche Handbook”. COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Jan Otto Larsen E-mail: jan.otto.larsen@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

None COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 students

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue Non-programmable calculator.

Specific topics: • Basic knowledge about the difficulties concerning building in permafrost areas. • Thermal and mechanical behaviour of frozen ground. • How to design foundation of infrastructures as buildings, roads, pipelines etc. in permafrost areas. • Geotechnical and Geological survey methods in the Arctic for soil investigation. • Determination of soil parameters necessary for design of foundation for infrastructures. • Methods in Slope stability investigations • Snow investigation methods for examination of avalanche risk.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over one semester.

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: 60 ECTS within mathematics, physics, mechanics or chemistry. Knowledge in mathematics, physics and soil mechanics is an advantage.

LEARNING OUTCOME:

Total lecture and seminar hours: 60 hours. Laboratory work: 4 days. Fieldwork: 4 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Students are required to participate in seminars, lab- and fieldwork.

The course will give the students an understanding of the importance of infrastructure planning and how permafrost affects the design of structures in the Arctic. Different types of foundation and design of buildings, pipelines, roads and airfields will be presented and illustrated in lectures and during field excursions.

All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ACADEMIC CONTENT:

Assignments

Planning of infrastructure and engineering structures in the Arctic is particularly challenging because of the technical constraints imposed by environmental characteristics such as low temperature, permafrost, winter darkness, isolation and high cost of construction and operation. Through lectures and field trips students will be introducedtodifferent foundation methods and their ability to satisfy the requirements from the society. The students will also be familiar with geological and geotechnical methods used in characterizing frozen soils necessary for design of foundation.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Written lab report Written report on personal chosen subject Written exam

4 hours

Percentage of final grade

20% 10% 10% 60%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC TECHNOLOGY â&#x20AC;&#x201C; BACHELOR COURSES

AT-209

Arctic Hydrology and Climate Change (15 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester, (August-December), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over a full semester. Total lecture hours: 60 hours. Exercises/lab work: 30 hours. Fieldwork: 5-9 days.

None

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES:

GRADE:

Exercises, laboratory work and fieldwork.

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

ASSESSMENT:

Approximately 500 pages of reading from texts, articles and reports Course responsible: To be announced UNIS contact person: Jan Otto Larsen E-mail: jan.otto.larsen@unis.no

Method

Time

COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 800-1000 (4-5 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 students

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue Non-programmable calculator.

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: The course is interdisciplinary. Students must meet the prerequisites for UNIS bachelor studies in biology, geology, geophysics or technology. Background in chemistry and mathematics is an advantage.

LEARNING OUTCOME: The students will get an understanding of the importance and highly interconnected nature of Arctic hydrology as well as its close linkage to changes in climate. Students will also gain the ability to handle scientific instruments used during the field course and earn skills in writing scientific reports based on own data.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: Students will gain broad background knowledge to the most important components and processes of the Arctic hydrological cycle in the perspective of a changing climate. This includes theory and hydrological processes in permafrost areas; snow related hydrology; erosion and sediment transport in catchments and rivers; lake and river ice; surface energy balance; hydrological models for Arctic catchments.

Research report Written exam

4 hours

Percentage of final grade

20% 80%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

103

104

UNIS | ARCTIC TECHNOLOGY – BACHELOR COURSES

AT-210

Arctic Environmental Pollution (15 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester, (August-December), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

15 ECTS with AT-207 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Books, articles, compendia; Ca. 700 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Mark Hermanson E-mail: mark.hermanson@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Ca. NOK 500 COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 students

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue Non-programmable calculator.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge Understand that the Arctic is contaminated by pollutants from local and long-distant sources; know what types of contaminants are found and why, and understand how global regulations and policies on contaminants have affected their appearance in the Arctic. Know the definitions of persistence, bioaccumulation and toxicity in reference to contaminants found in the Arctic environment. Know basic toxicological processes in humans and wildlife resulting from exposure to toxic substances in the environment, particularly in the Arctic. Understand that the Arctic in general and Svalbard in particular, is likely to be a very different place than maybe assumed before arriving (because of industrialization, transportation, pollution). Competence Be able to discuss the impacts of human activity on contamination and preservation of the Arctic. Awareness of human impacts on the natural environment in general. Basic understanding of how physical-chemical processes operate differently in the Arctic, and how those processes are related to the appearance of pollutants in the Arctic. Skills Have competence in application of the general linear model in statistics. Have skills in operating active air sampling equipment used in the field, treating samples in the l aboratory, and handle statistical interpretations of data. Have skills in operating field instruments for UV-A and

UV-B energy deposition, data collection and interpretation associated with these instruments.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: While the Arctic is remote from most industrial activity, some areas are highly polluted. Point sources of pollution in the Arctic are associated with industrial or military sites. Long-distance transport through atmosphere or ocean delivers non-point or diffuse pollutants; these sources and processes are less understood. The unusual combinations of Arctic ambient conditions (long periods of darkness, cold, dry air, strong wind, ice cover, permafrost) affects the distributions to and lifetimes of pollutants in the Arctic. These features affect the impacts of pollutants on wildlife and Native communities in the Arctic. Students will also learn that research on Arctic pollution can influence public policy decisions requiring that scientists acquire effective communication skills with the public. Specific topics: • Historical on-site pollution on Svalbard. • Point and non-point pollution sources in general and in the Arctic. • Radioactive pollution in the Arctic. • Trace metal and organic pollution in the Arctic. • Decomposition processes in the Arctic atmosphere (oxidation, photolysis). • Movement of pollutants through the Arctic atmosphere. • Pollutant movement through the Arctic food chain; metabolism, retention, excretion. • Health effects of Arctic pollutants on humans and wildlife. • Science communication with policy-makers and the public.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over a full semester. Total lecture hours: 60 hours. Local field & lab work, excursions: 2 – 4 days.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Laboratory work and fieldwork. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Percentage of final grade

Two written mid-term exams

2 hours (each)

Written exam

2 hours

50% 20% 30%

A 5000word manuscript

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC TECHNOLOGY – BACHELOR COURSES

AT-211

Ice Mechanics, Loads on Structures and Instrumentation (15 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring semester, (January-June), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

15 ECTS with AT-208 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Books: Irgens, F. (2008): “Continuum mechanics”. G. Ashton (1986): “River and lake ice engineering”. Sanderson, T.J.O. (1988): “Ice mechanics. Risk to offshore structures”. Løset et al. (2006): “Actions from ice on Arctic offshore and coastal structures”. Scientific papers (provided). COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Aleksey Marchenko E-mail: aleksey.marchenko@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 2400 (12 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 students

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue Non-programmable calculator.

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS:

and viscous materials, plastic and viscous-elastic materials, granular materials) and methods of continuum mechanics used for the modelling of thermo-mechanical behaviour of saline and fresh ice itself and ice interactions with engineeringstructures(rheologicalmodelswiththermalforcing, conceptions of compressive, tensile and flexural strength, bending deformations of floating ice, models of ice ridging and piling up). The course includes lectures about ISO design standards for the calculation of ice loads on offshore structures. The course includes laboratory work in UNIS cold laboratory and fieldwork on land fast ice. Lectures about the instrumentation organized before the fieldworks introduce students to the equipment used for the measurements of thermo-mechanical characteristics and strength of fresh and saline ice, ice thickness measurements by electro-magnetic and acoustic methods, high frequency measurements of water temperature and sea current velocities used for the calculation of turbulent heat fluxes to the ice surfaces, measurements of internal stresses and displacements of the ice. During fieldwork the students have the possibility to observe sea ice motions and deformations created by tides, wind and sea currents, observe ice actions on coastal structures and ship. They also will gain experience in working with scientific equipment in Arctic conditions. Finally, the students should be able to formulate models and do numerical simulations of sea ice behaviour and ice-structure interactions and perform field and laboratory tests used for the design of offshore and coastal structures in the Arctic.

60 ECTS within mathematics, physics, mechanics or chemistry. Knowledge in mathematics and physics is an advantage.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES:

LEARNING OUTCOME:

Total lecture and seminar hours: 50 hours. Laboratory work: 1 week. Fieldwork on the land fast ice: 4 days. Boat excursion: 8 days.

•

• •

•

Knowledge of basic physical-mathematical models describing sea ice growth, rheological properties of fresh and saline ice, bending deformations of the ice, build-up and consolidation of ice ridges and ice piles near offshore structures. Basic knowledge of ISO design standards for the calculation of ice loads on offshore structures. Knowledge of and experience in working with standard and modern instrumentation used in field and laboratory studies of ice properties and energy fluxes to the surfaces of floating ice. Be able to perform standard measurements of ice strength, stresses, displacements and deformations, and measurements of hydrological characteristics of ice covered waters followed by storing and interpreting of data gained.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course introduces students to problems of ice mechanics and gives experience to work with modern scientific equipment in laboratory and field conditions. The course includes lectures about basic concepts of continuum mechanics (strain, stresses, equations describing mass, formulations of momentum and energy balance), basic model of continuum mechanics (ideal and viscous fluids, elastic

The course extends over a full semester.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Seminars, laboratory work and fieldwork. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

One written, graded, lab report Two written, graded, fieldwork reports Written exam

3 hours

Percentage of final grade

20% 20% + 20% 40%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

105

106

UNIS | ARCTIC TECHNOLOGY – BACHELOR COURSES

AT-212

Rock Mechanics and Engineering Geology (15 ECTS)

COURSE OFFERED:

Spring semester (January-June), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

None GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Books, articles COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Zongxian Zhang E-mail: zongxian.zhang@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

None COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 students

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue Non-programmable calculator.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course will be run as a combination of lectures and excursions/fieldwork. An important part of the course is field investigations for tunnels and mines in close cooperation with the local mining company (Store Norske Spitsbergen Kullkompani) with introduction to mining in Lunckefjellet, Svea and Mine 7 in Advent valley. Challenges with tunnelling and mining in the Arctic with permafrost, water leakage and water on joints will be taught. Specific topics: • Properties of rocks • Rock strengths • Factors influencing rock failure • Geology of Spitsbergen • Mining industry in Svalbard • Rock support design using the Q-method • Slope stability evaluations using the Q-slope method • Shear strength calculations • Fieldwork in mining areas in Svalbard

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ SPECIFIC COURSE REQUIREMENTS: 60 ECTS within mathematics, physics, mechanics or chemistry. Knowledge in mathematics and physics is an advantage.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge The most essential knowledge of rock mechanics and engineering geology important for design of constructions in rock mass, such as tunnels, mines and stability of rock slopes. Understanding of important design factors for estimation of rock quality, shear stresses in rock and how joints and fault zones influence the stability. Skills Knowledge of and skills in design technics for rock supports as rock bolting concrete structures and nets. Experience in using the Q method for design of rock support in tunnels and caverns, and also for design of rock support in slopes. Competence Be able to explain and discuss the tunnelling and mining challenges in the Arctic, and how important geological factors affects the construction of tunnels and mines under arctic conditions.

The course extends over a full semester. Total lecture hours: 60 hours. Local field & lab work conducted during lecture weeks. Excursion: 4 days to mines in Svalbard. Lectures and fieldwork is carried through in close cooperation with the local mining company (Store Norske Spitsbergen Kullkompani). The students will conduct field investigations and be introduced to mining in Lunckefjellet, Svea and Mine 7 in Advent Valley.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Seminars, laboratory work and fieldwork. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Written report and oral presentation Written exam

4 hours

Percentage of final grade

30% 70%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC TECHNOLOGY – MASTER COURSES

AT-301

Arctic Infrastructures in a Changing Climate (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester, (August-September), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS with AT-801 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Books: Andersland O. B. and B. Ladanyi (2004): “Frozen Ground Engineering”. McClung D. and P. Schaerer (2006): “The Avalanche Handbook”. Arctic Council report (2005): “Arctic Climate Impact Assessment ACIA” (Ch. 16). Jones Ch. L., J. R. Higgins and R. D. Andrew (2000): “Colorado Rockfall Simulation Program, version 4.0”. Norwegian Public Road administration: Handbook 174 (1994): “Snow Engineering for Roads”. COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Jan Otto Larsen E-mail: jan.otto.larsen@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

None COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 students (AT-301/801 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue Non-programmable calculator.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: Due to the fact that the climate is changing with higher expected temperatures, higher precipitation and probably higher storm activity, infrastructures have to be designed for this new climate scenario. Settlements in the vicinity of steep slopes will be exposed to increasing risk for slope failures, slides in soil and rock, slush and snow avalanches. The course will trough lectures and field trips, focus on recognizing terrain exposed to avalanches and slides, and how to plan the location of infrastructures to avoid natural disasters.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 5 weeks and is run in combination with AT-801. Total lecture and seminar hours: 40 hours. Fieldwork: 3 days. Fieldwork will consist of registration of different foundation methods used in the Arctic environment, and describe structure failures due to lack of maintenance and due to a warmer climate. Lectures and seminars with experience from domestic and international projects will be presented and discussed. Students will be given assignments and have to write reports.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a relevant Master’s degree program. Knowledge in mathematics and physics at master level.

LEARNING OUTCOME: •

•

Be able to understand weather related geological processes and geotechnical aspects connected to planning, design and protection of infrastructures as buildings, roads, bridges and pipelines in a changing Arctic climate. Knowledge of the impact of climate change on infrastructures in the Arctic, and how to solve this expected issue. Understanding of the influence of climate change on natural disasters as snow avalanches and slides in rock and soils. Knowledge of how to take natural hazards into consideration in areal planning, and how to protect infrastructures as buildings, roads, pipelines etc. against snow avalanches and slides. Knowledge of design of buildings and roads in snow drift areas.

Seminars, fieldwork. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Assignments Written field report Written report on self-chosen subject Written exam

4 hours

Percentage of final grade

15% 10% 15% 60%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

107

108

UNIS | ARCTIC TECHNOLOGY – MASTER COURSES

AT-307F

Arctic Offshore Engineering – Fieldwork (3 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring semester, (March), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

None GRADE:

Pass/Fail

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over one week, including ca. four hours lecturing. During this week three days will be spent in the field where the students will take active part in the logistics. Students as a group are required to prepare a joint field report containing the major findings from the fieldwork.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Fieldwork.

COURSE MATERIALS:

Compendium on fieldwork methods COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Sveinung Løset E-mail: sveinung.loset@ntnu.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 600-800 (3-4 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 students

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a relevant master program and previous participation in AT-323, AT-327 or AT-332.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge Basic understanding of how to behave and work in an Arctic climate. Skills Experience in conducting the most common standard techniques for characterizing an ice cover by sampling sea ice. Competence Be able to explain and discuss how ice samples can be used to characterize both physical and mechanical properties of ice by testing.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course addresses methods used to characterize sea ice with respect to mechanical and physical properties. Specific topics: • Sampling of vertical/horizontal ice cores • Determination of salinity, temperature and density profiles in sea ice • Uniaxial compressive tests of sea ice • Use of borehole jack • Description of the damage mechanisms during testing • Structure of sea ice • Spatial variability of ice properties • Study of effects of ice loads on coastal structures • Thin sections and characterization of the structure of ice.

ASSESSMENT: Method Written report

Time

Percentage of final grade

100%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC TECHNOLOGY – MASTER COURSES

AT-314

Advanced Rock Mechanics and Engineering Geology (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester (September-October/November), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

None GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Books, articles COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Zongxian Zhang E-mail: zongxian.zhang@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

None COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 students

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue Non-programmable calculator.

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ SPECIFIC COURSE REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a relevant master program. Knowledge in mathematics, physics and basis in rock mechanics or engineering geology (AT-212 or equivalent) is an advantage.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge Knowledge in analyses of the potential for landslides due to failure in rock masses, and the mechanisms of landslides release and dynamics. Broad understanding and knowledge of factors affecting rock stability, particularly shearing strength, and of how to orientate and design tunnels and mines to avoid failure. Skills Experience in laboratory testing of rock material for quality analyses, particularly shearing strength. Skills in finite element calculations to solve slope stability problemsandstabilityintunnels,minesandcaverns.Trainingin analysing rock quality using geophysical methods as seismic, radar and resistivity methods to perform rock quality prediction on sites. Skills in performing analyses of orientation of tunnels and mines due to faults and joints in the rock mass. Competence Be able to evaluate stability of rock masses, and to explain and discuss how to use relevant analysing methods and tools to orientate and design tunnels and mines.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course is run as a combination of lectures and excursions/fieldwork. The students will through the course, gain knowledge in laboratory experiments on rock strengths, particularly shearing strength; and knowledge of the major characteristics of rock material such as joints, inhomogeneity, heterogeneity, difference between strengths, etc.; they will study how loading rate, temperature, water, confinement and other factors influence rock behaviour and rock failure; they will learn some up-to-date numerical simulation methods in rock and geotechnical engineering; they will know block theory and modern geophysical technology such as seismic and radar methods. Furthermore, with increasing dynamic fracture problems in rock and mining engineering, stress wave theory will be shortly taught so as to handle dynamic problems in practice. Part of the study will also be to give students knowledge in analyses of the potential for landslides due to failure in rock masses. Mechanism of landslides release and dynamics will be touched in lectures and fieldwork. For applications in mining, the course will take some practical examples from mining industry to show students how to solve mining problems by using rock mechanics knowledge, for example, how to improve rock fragmentation, reduce energy consumption and increase ore recovery; how to reduce rock break in roofs and walls of tunnels; how to reduce blast-caused ground vibrations; how to reduce mining costs, and how to improve mining safety. In the field work, the students will do analyses of orientation of tunnels and mines due to faults and joints in the rock mass. Design of pillars in mining to avoid failure will also be taught. There will be a close cooperation with the local mining company (Store Norske Spitsbergen Kullkompani) in lectures and field work. Specific topics: • Effects of loading rate, temperature, and water etc. on rock behaviour/failure • Simple stress wave theory • Dynamic rock fracture in rock and mining industry • Numerical simulation • Rock slope and tunnel stability predictions • Rock support design using Block methods • Q- method in design of rock support in tunnels and mines • Fieldwork for prediction of tunnel and mine location depending on faults and joints

109

110

UNIS | ARCTIC TECHNOLOGY â&#x20AC;&#x201C; MASTER COURSES

TEACHING ACTIVITIES:

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES:

The course extends over 5 weeks.

Seminars and fieldwork.

Total lecture hours: 40 hours. Local field & lab work conducted during lecture weeks. Excursion: 3 days to mines in Svalbard. Lectures and fieldwork is carried through in close cooperation with the local mining company (Store Norske Spitsbergen Kullkompani).The students will conduct field investigations and be introduced to mining in Lunckefjellet, Svea and Mine 7 in Advent Valley.

All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Graded assignments and reports Written exam

3 hours

Percentage of final grade

50% 50%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

Technology students and staff perform tests on the sea ice in the Barentz Sea. Photo: Nataly Marchenko.

UNIS | ARCTIC TECHNOLOGY – MASTER COURSES

AT-324

Techniques for the Detection of Organo-Chemical Pollutants in the Arctic Environment (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring semester (January-March), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS with AT-824 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Reading list: (ca. 400 pages): “Environmental Organic Chemistry” (Schwarzenbach), Quality Control compendium, AMAP report 2010 (STOTEN), literature provided COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Roland Kallenborn E-mail: roland.kallenborn@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 800-1000 (4-5 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

TEACHING ACTIVITIES:

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

The course extends over 6 weeks and is run in combination with AT-824.

5/20 students

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue Non-programmable calculator.

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a relevant master program. Basic documented knowledge in organic analytical chemistry, AT-207/AT-210 or equivalent, and with graduate level experiences in chemical trace analysis (or adequate competence).

LEARNING OUTCOME: •

• •

•

performed by applying well-established, validated and quality controlled analytical methods. The course will introduce students to preparation and quantification procedures for quantitative organo-chemical trace analysis and will also provide detailed information on feasibility and restrictions of modern trace analytical technologies. Focus will also be laid upon demonstration and discussion of challenges and pitfalls within modern trace analysis through practical experiences with Arctic environmental samples. The students will be introduced to the general scientific principles of modern ultra-trace analytical quantification methods for organic chemicals; learn through active field and laboratory work about the importance of sampling/ sample treatment as an integrated part of trace analysis, evaluate the complete process leading from sampling to trace amount quantification based upon modern trace analytical technology, have a first introduction in quality control and quality assurance criteria for modern trace analysis.

Perform a principal method validation based upon standard quality control (QC) criteria accepted in modern analytical laboratories. Critically evaluate the quality of published data based upon QC protocols given in the respective reference. Assign a method uncertainty to the respective analytical methods presented as important frame for subsequent statistical evaluations. Appreciate the role of analytical chemistry as integrated environmental research topic for the overall environmental risk assessment in Arctic environments.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: Today, a large number of organic chemicals are already identified as relevant environmental pollutants in Arctic environments. Detection, identification and quantification of these chemicals in ultra-trace levels are usually

Total lecture hours: 30 hours. Laboratory work: 80 hours. Excursion: 4-5 days The scientific focus will be placed on well-established quantitative trace analytical methods for persistent organo-chlorine pollutants like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and organo-chlorine pesticides (OCP) as well as selected indicator compounds for local contaminant sources (polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons = PAH). The students must prepare a written report on field and/ or laboratory experiments in the form of a scientific report (2500 words, including tables, figures and references).

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Laboratory work and fieldwork. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Graded written paper Written exam

3 hours

Percentage of final grade

40% 60%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

111

112

UNIS | ARCTIC TECHNOLOGY – MASTER COURSES

AT-327

Arctic Offshore Engineering (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester, (October), annually. (Exam ca 2 December) LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS with AT-827 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F)

Specific topics: • Oil and gas resources in the Arctic • Petroleum engineering aspects and technology • Operations in cold climate • Ice physics/mechanics • Global and local ice loads on offshore structures • Moored structures and structures on DP in ice • Ice management • Use of numerical models and ice tank testing in design

COURSE MATERIALS:

TEACHING ACTIVITIES:

COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

The course extends over 2 weeks and is run in combination with AT-827.

Approximately 300 pages of reading from texts, articles and reports Sveinung Løset E-mail: sveinung.loset@ntnu.no COURSE COSTS:

Compendium; ca. NOK 300 COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/60 students (AT-327/827 in total ) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue. Non-programmable calculator. Rottman: “Mathematical Formulas”.

Total lecture hours: Ca. 44 hours. Group work: 10 hours. Students, normally two in a team, are required to prepare a 5000 word report (including text, references, figures & tables) on a chosen research topic.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Participation in group work.

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS:

All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

Enrolment in a relevant master program. Knowledge in mathematics and physics at master level.

ASSESSMENT: Method

LEARNING OUTCOME: Students will acquire basic knowledge of oil and gas resources in the Arctic. Students will develop basic understanding of ice physics and mechanics. From this basis students will develop skills for designing offshore structures in the Arctic. Students will understand how the physical environment affects such design and how the structures respond to the environmental actions. Logistics is part of this. The actions relate to sea ice, icebergs, marine icing and sea ice dynamics. Students will develop competence through lectures and group work related to a relevant case study.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course addresses oil and gas resources and reserves, petroleum engineering aspects and Arctic offshore development. Offshore structures are discussed on the basis of characteristics of the physical environment.

Time

Graded research report Written exam

4 hours

Percentage of final grade

40% 60%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC TECHNOLOGY – MASTER COURSES

AT-329

Cold Region Field Investigations (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring (January – March), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

The course will also give an introduction to global navigation satellite systems (GNSS/GPS) and to reference systems for coordinates and heights. Collected GNSS data will be processed to obtain coordinates and heights of the points or the profiles which are measured in the fieldwork. Geotechnical boring (soundings and sampling) will be demonstrated in field. Samples will be investigated in the laboratory.

None GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 4 weeks.

Lecture notes delivered during the course. COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Jan Otto Larsen E-mail: jan.otto.larsen@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

None COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 students

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue Non-programmable calculator.

Total lecture and exercise hours: 20 + 20 hours. Laboratory work: 1 day. Fieldwork: 3-5 days. Fieldwork will consist of operating the DGPS and the GPR equipment in the Arctic and geotechnical methods in soil sounding and sampling. Laboratory work will focus on investigation methods in characterizing the soil and finding the parameters necessary for design of foundation.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS:

Lab- and fieldwork. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

Enrolment in a relevant master program. Basic knowledge in mathematics and physics at bachelor level.

ASSESSMENT:

LEARNING OUTCOME:

Method

•

Assignments, reports and presentations

• •

Knowledge of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS/GPS) and to reference systems for coordinates and heights. Knowledge of the principles of geophysical investigation methods. Knowledge of geotechnical sounding and boring methods for designing infrastructures as buildings, roads, pipelines etc. in permafrost areas.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The objective of the course is to provide an introduction to geotechnical survey methods in permafrost regions using geophysical and in-situ boring techniques. Special emphasis is given to the theoretical background of ground penetrating radar systems and their applicability in cold regions. Accurate positioning is a must in remote areas, thus the background for the use of Differential GPS is included. Based on the theoretical background, the students will carry out field measurements on glaciers, fine-grained soils and bedrock. Collected data will be interpreted with the purpose of identifying ground characteristics of importance for infrastructure developments and structure foundations.

Written exam

Time

4 hours

Percentage of final grade

25% 75%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

113

114

UNIS | ARCTIC TECHNOLOGY – MASTER COURSES

AT-330

Arctic Environmental Toxicology (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring semester (March – April), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS with AT-830 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Ca. 700 pages of reading from texts, articles and reports. COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Bjørn Munro Jenssen E-mail: bjorn.munro.jenssen@bio.ntnu.no COURSE COSTS:

None COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 students (AT-330/830 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a relevant master program. Background in toxicology, ecotoxicology (AT-207/AT-210 or equivalent) or biology is an advantage.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge Advanced knowledge on the major groups of pollutants that imposes a threat to Arctic organisms and ecosystems, and on how specific contaminant groups affect molecular, cellular and physiological processes in Arctic organisms, Arctic populations and ecological processes in the Arctic. Knowledge on how to extract available scientific knowledge within the field, to produce an up-to date scientific review essay on the topic of Arctic Environmental Toxicology. Skills Be able to interpret effects of anthropogenic pollutants on the organismal level (molecular, cellular and physiological) in key Arctic organisms, and in populations of Arctic organisms and in Arctic ecosystems. Be able to interpret which properties of pollutants that make them potential threats to Arctic organisms. Carry through advanced scientific literature searching, and produce a written scientific essay based on up-to-date available scientific literature within the field of Arctic Environmental Toxicology. Competence General competence within the field of environmental toxicology on an advanced level, provided for future positions within nature and pollution management, research, the industry, or for further PhD studies.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: Arctic species have evolved biochemical, physiological and ecological traits specific for surviving in the harsh Arctic environment. Pollutants can be toxic, or interfere with biological processes through other mechanisms, thus reducing their fitness and causing resultant changes in biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Effects can occur at all biological organization levels, from the subcellular level to the ecosystem level. Specific topics: • Uptake, biotransformation and excretion of pollutants in Arctic organisms. • Effects of pollutants in organisms in relation to the specific Arctic environmental conditions. • Effects of pollutants on organismal acclimatization and adaptations to the Arctic environment. • How effects can propagate from the subcellular level to population, community and ecosystem levels. • How climate change and pollutants may interact in affecting Arctic organisms and ecosystems. • Specific ecotoxic effects of the major classes of pollutants, such as persistent organic pollutants, heavy metals, petroleum oil, and novel man-made pollutants, on Arctic organisms. • The susceptibility of Arctic organisms and ecosystems to pollutants as compared to other organisms and ecosystems. • Effects of pollutants on humans in the Arctic.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 6 weeks and is run in combination with AT-830. Total lecture hours: 30 hours. Student-led seminars: 20 hours. Fieldwork: 3 days. A research paper manuscript (3000 words including text, references, figures & tables) on a chosen research topic. A short oral presentation of the manuscript, aimed towards the general public and decision makers.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Seminars and excursions. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Research paper manuscript Written exam

3 hours

Percentage of final grade

40% 60%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC TECHNOLOGY – MASTER COURSES

AT-331

Arctic Environmental Pollution: Atmospheric Distribution and Processes (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring semester, (April-June), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

5 ECTS with AT-321 and 10 ECTS with AT-831 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Ca. 700 pages of reading from texts, articles and reports. COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Mark Hermanson E-mail: mark.hermanson@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 1000 (5 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 students (AT-331/831 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue Non-programmable calculator.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The combinations of Arctic ambient atmospheric conditions (long periods of light or dark, cold, dry air, strong wind) affect the chemical reactions affecting persistence (lifetime) and distributions of contaminants. Climate change is expected to play a role, yet unspecified, in this process. Specific topics: • The real “POPs” defined: persistent, bioaccumulative, toxic (PBT). • Arctic conditions that affect “P” and “B” in PBT. • General abiotic decomposition processes in the Arctic (oxidation, photolysis). • Contaminant storage in ice and sediment in the Arctic. • Forecasting and hindcasting movement of contaminants through the Arctic atmosphere: the application of models. • The role of particles in Arctic atmospheric contaminant distribution. • Contaminant phases of some naturally-occurring substances in the Arctic. • The role of a changing climate in contaminant delivery, storage and release in the Arctic.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a relevant master program. Mathematics through algebra; general chemistry; some experience in organic chemistry is useful; AT-207/AT-210 or equivalent.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Knowledge Basic knowledge of the local and long distant sources, transport and fates of atmospheric contaminants found in the Arctic. Detailed knowledge of how physical-chemical processes in the Arctic work differently in the Arctic than at mid-latitude locations. Understanding of the difference between different types of atmospheric models. Skills Skills in using the HYSPLIT 4.0 computer model for development of various air mass trajectories. Skills in interpreting the results of lagrangian atmospheric models. Advanced skills in operating various field devices, for collecting or detecting atmospheric particles. Skills in communicating scientific results, gained by writing field- and lab reports and a scientific manuscript. Competence Be able to apply appropriate eulerian or lagrangian atmospheric models to studies of atmospheric transport. Be able to apply proper atmospheric sampling systems to support research goals.

The course extends over a period of 6 weeks and is run in combination with AT-831. Total lecture hours: 30 hours. Student-led seminars: 10 hours. Laboratory work: 8 hours. Fieldwork /cruise: 5 days. The students must prepare a 3000 word manuscript (including text, references, figures & tables) on a chosen research topic. Students must participate in seminars led by other AT-331 students on a topic relevant to AT-331/831.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Written reports on field, lab, or modelling exercises as assigned. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Research paper to be submitted for publication Written exam

3 hours

Percentage of final grade

50% 50%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

115

116

UNIS | ARCTIC TECHNOLOGY – MASTER COURSES

AT-332

Physical Environmental Loads on Arctic Coastal and Offshore Structures (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester (October – November), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS with AT-323 and AT-832 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Books: Irgens, F. (2008): “Continuum mechanics”. Mei, C.C. (1983): “The applied dynamics of ocean surface waves”. Sanderson, T.J.O. (1988): “Ice mechanics. Risk to offshore structures”. Løset et al. (2006): “Actions from ice on Arctic offshore and coastal structures”. Dempsey and Shen (2001): “Scaling Laws in Ice Mechanics and Ice Dynamics”. Scientific papers (provided). COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Aleksey Marchenko E-mail: aleksey.marchenko@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

None COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 students (AT-332/832 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue Non-programmable calculator.

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a relevant master program. Basic knowledge of mathematics and physics at master level.

LEARNING OUTCOME: •

•

• • • •

Be able to perform specified phys.-math models describing sea ice evolution over a year, sea ice permeability, bending and in plane deformations of fresh and saline ice, interaction of tides and surface waves with floating ice, ice gouging, ice behaviour under static and dynamic loads, influence of sea ice on steel and concrete surfaces. Be able to perform basic knowledge of ISO standards and probabilistic estimates of ice loads on offshore and coastal structures. Experience in modelling with Comsol Multiphysics. Experience in performing ice tests in the cold laboratory of UNIS. Knowledge of ice impact on beach and coastal structures. Experience from fieldwork in the coastal zone of Svalbard fjords in the ice free season.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course introduces students to modern physical and mathematical models describing physical environmental loads on coastal and offshore structures in the Arctic.

The course includes descriptions of physical mechanisms of the environmental loads on the structures by waves, ice and sea currents and an introduction to corresponded mathematical models. The main focus is on the models describing ice crushing and piling up near narrow and wide structures, acceleration of floes and icebergs by surface waves, wave actions on fixed and floating structures, tide and thermally induced ice stresses, seabed gouging by ice keels, ice piling up on the beach, abrasion of steel and concrete surfaces by the ice, bearing capacity of the ice under static and moving loads. Lectures also include formulation of codes for the design of offshore constructions in ice conditions and probability methods for the estimates of risks due to long term exploitation of offshore structures. Seminars include analytical exercises and numerical simulations by Comsol Multiphysics. Laboratory work include experiments on the behaviour of ice samples under non-stationary loading, bending and indentation tests in the ice tank, experiments on ice permeability, experimentsonice interactionwithsteelandconcrete surface. Measurements of floating quay movements induced by water actions with synchronous measurements of sea currents, tides and waves are planned as fieldwork in Longyearbyen harbour.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 6 weeks and is run in combination with AT-832. Total lecture hours, seminars and fieldwork: 50 hours. Laboratory work: 1 week. Seminars include mathematical exercises, performing of results of field and laboratory work, and exercises for exam preparation. Each student should prepare a report in relation to course topics.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Seminars, laboratory work and fieldwork. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Lab report Field report Written exam

4 hours

Percentage of final grade

20% 20% 60%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC TECHNOLOGY – PhD COURSES

AT-801

Arctic Infrastructures in a Changing Climate (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester (August – September), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS with AT-301 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Books: Andersland O. B. and B. Ladanyi (2004): “Frozen Ground Engineering”. McClung D. and P. Schaerer (2006): “The Avalanche Handbook”. Arctic Council report (2005): “Arctic Climate Impact Assessment” ACIA (Ch. 16). Jones Ch. L., J. R. Higgins and R. D. Andrew (2000): “Colorado Rockfall Simulation Program, version 4.0”. Norwegian Public Road administration: Handbook 174 (1994): “Snow Engineering for Roads”. COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Jan Otto Larsen E-mail: jan.otto.larsen@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

None COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 students (AT-301/801 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue Non-programmable calculator.

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a relevant PhD program. Knowledge in mathematics and physics at master level.

LEARNING OUTCOME: •

•

ACADEMIC CONTENT: Due to the fact that the climate is changing with higher expected temperatures, higher precipitation and probably higher storm activity, infrastructures have to be designed for this new climate scenario. Settlements in the vicinity of steep slopes will be exposed to increasing risk for slope failures, slides in soil and rock, slush and snow avalanches. The course will through lectures and field trips focus on recognizing terrain exposed to avalanches and slides, and how to plan the location of infrastructures to avoid natural disasters.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 5 weeks and is run in combination with AT-301. Total lecture and seminar hours: 40 hours. Fieldwork: 3 days. Fieldwork will consist of registration of different foundation methods used in the Arctic environment, and describe structure failures due to lack of maintenance and due to a warmer climate. Lectures and seminars with experience from domestic and international projects will be presented and discussed. The students must prepare a written report on protection measures for part of the settlement in the Longyear valley or Svea mining camp.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Seminars, fieldwork. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Assignment Written field report Written report on protection measures Written exam

4 hours

Percentage of final grade

10% 10% 30% 50%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

117

118

UNIS | ARCTIC TECHNOLOGY – PhD COURSES

AT-824

Techniques for the Detection of Organo-Chemical Pollutants in the Arctic Environment (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring semester, (January-March), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS with AT-324 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Curriculum/ reading list (400 pages): Schwarzenbach: “Environmental Organic Chemistry”. K. Danzer (2007): “Analytical Chemistry”. Quality Control compendium. AMAP report 2010 (STOTEN). Special scientific literature provided. COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Roland Kallenborn E-mail: roland.kallenborn@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 1000 (5 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 students (AT-324/824 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue Non-programmable calculator.

identified as primary environmental pollutants in Arctic environments. Detection, identification and quantification of these chemicals in ultra-trace levels are usually performed by applying well established, validated and quality controlled analytical methods. In addition, new emerging contaminants are continuously identified by using often not completely validated analytical methods. The course will introduce post graduate students to modern preparation and quantification procedures for organo-chemical trace analysis (incl. new emerging organic chemicals) and will also provide detailed information on feasibility and restrictions of modern trace analytical technologies. Demonstration and discussion of challenges and pitfalls within modern trace analysis through practical experiences will be central topic in the course. The students will be introduced to the general scientific principles of modern ultra-trace analytical quantification methods for organic chemicals; learn through active field and laboratory work about the importance of sampling/ sample treatment as an integrated part of trace analysis, evaluate the complete process leading from sampling to trace amount quantification based upon modern trace analytical technology, have a first introduction in quality control and quality assurance criteria for modern trace analysis.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS:

The course extends over 6 weeks and is run in combination with AT-324.

Enrolment in a relevant PhD program. Profound documented knowledge in modern organic analytical chemistry, AT207/210, AT-321/331 or equivalent.

Total lecture hours: 35 hours. Laboratory work: 100 hours. Excursion: 4-5 days

LEARNING OUTCOME:

AT-824 students will have an additional assignment to the full AT-324 program and will prepare an in-depth report on a topic within trace analytical methods for quantitative determination of contaminants. The report will be in the form of a manuscript for a peer review publication (4000 words).

The AT-824 students should be able to understand the restrictions and advantages of modern trace analytical methods in organic environmental chemistry. An in-depth knowledge on requirements for organic trance analysis will allow them to • Perform a principal method validation based upon standard quality control (QC) criteria. • Critically evaluate the quality of published data based upon QC protocols given in the respective reference. • Assign a method uncertainty to the respective analytical methods presented as important frame for subsequent statistical evaluations. • Appreciate the role of analytical chemistry as integrated environmental research topic for the overall environmental risk assessment in Arctic environments.

The course is designed for PhD level/post-graduate students with above average experience in modern traceanalysis. The scientific focus will be laid on on-going developments within quantitative trace analytical methods for legacy and new emerging pollutants.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Fieldwork and laboratory work. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT:

This comprehensive understanding is expected to be significantly more detailed than for students of AT-324. This in-depth scientific knowledge will be manifested in a detailed report.

Method

ACADEMIC CONTENT:

Oral exam

Today, a large number of organic chemicals are already

All assessments must be fulfilled in order to receive a final grade.

Report in manuscript form

Time

Percentage of final grade

50% 50%

UNIS | ARCTIC TECHNOLOGY – PhD COURSES

AT-827

Arctic Offshore Engineering (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester, (October), annually. (Exam ca 2 December) LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS with AT-327 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F)

COURSE MATERIALS:

TEACHING ACTIVITIES:

COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

The course extends over 2 weeks and is run in combination with AT-327.

Approximately 600 pages of reading from texts, articles and reports. Sveinung Løset E-mail: sveinung.loset@ntnu.no COURSE COSTS:

Compendium; Ca. NOK 300 COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 students

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue. Non-programmable calculator. Rottman: “Mathematical Formulas”.

Total lecture hours: 44 hours. Group work: 10 hours. Students, normally two in a team, are required to prepare a 5000-word report (including text, references, figures & tables) on a chosen research topic.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Participation in group work.

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS:

ASSESSMENT:

Enrolment in a relevant PhD degree program. Knowledge in mathematics and physics at Master level.

Method

LEARNING OUTCOME: Students will acquire knowledge of oil and gas resources in the Arctic. Students will develop understanding of ice physics and mechanics. From this basis students will develop skills for designing offshore structures in the Arctic. Students will understand how the physical environment affects such design and how the structures respond to the environmental actions. Logistics is part of this. The actions relate to sea ice, icebergs, marine icing and sea ice dynamics. Students will develop competence through lectures and group work related to a relevant case study as well as from a compulsory report to be delivered in the project.

Time

Research manuscript to be submitted for publication Written exam

Percentage of final grade

60% 4 hours

40%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

119

120

UNIS | ARCTIC TECHNOLOGY – PhD COURSES

AT-830

Arctic Environmental Toxicology (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring semester (March-April), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS with AT-330 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Ca. 700 pages of reading from texts, articles and reports COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Bjørn Munro Jenssen E-mail: bjorn.munro.jenssen@bio.ntnu.no COURSE COSTS:

None COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 students (AT-330/830 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a relevant PhD program. Background in toxicology, ecotoxicology (AT-207/AT-210 or equivalent) or biology is an advantage.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 6 weeks and is run in combination with AT-330. Total lecture hours: 30 hours. Student-led seminars: 20 hours. Fieldwork: 3 days. The students must prepare a research paper manuscript (4000 words including text, references, figures & tables) on a chosen research topic. The students must give a lecture (45 minutes) on the topic of the research paper manuscript, aimed towards the general public and decision makers.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Seminars, laboratory work and fieldwork. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Research paper manuscript Written exam

3 hours

Percentage of final grade

40% 60%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | ARCTIC TECHNOLOGY – PhD COURSES

AT-831

Arctic Environmental Pollution: Atmospheric Distribution and Processes (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring semester (April – June), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

5 ECTS with AT-321 and 10 ECTS with AT-331 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Ca. 700 pages of reading from texts, articles and reports. COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Mark Hermanson E-mail: mark.hermanson@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

Fieldwork, NOK 1000 (5 days x NOK 200 per day) COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 students

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue Non-programmable calculator.

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: Enrolment in a relevant PhD program. Mathematics through algebra; general chemistry; some experience in organic chemistry is useful (AT-210, or equivalent).

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The combinations of Arctic ambient atmospheric conditions (long periods of light or dark, cold, dry air, strong wind) affect the chemical reactions affecting persistence (lifetime) and distributions (including bioaccumulation) of contaminants. Climate change is expected to play a role, yet unspecified, in this process. Specific topics: • The real “POPs” defined: persistent, bioaccumulative, toxic (PBT). • Arctic conditions that affect “P” and “B” in PBT. • General abiotic decomposition processes in the Arctic (oxidation, photolysis). • Contaminant storage in ice and sediment in the Arctic. • Forecasting and hindcasting movement of contaminants through the Arctic atmosphere: the application of models. • The role of particles in Arctic atmospheric contaminant distribution. • Contaminant phases of some naturally-occurring substances in the Arctic. • The role of a changing climate in contaminant delivery, storage and release in the Arctic.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over a period of 6 weeks and is run in combination with AT-331. Total lecture hours: 30 hours. Student-led seminars: 10 hours. Laboratory work: 8 hours. Fieldwork /cruise: 5 days. The students must prepare a 5000 word manuscript (including text, references, figures & tables) on a chosen research topic. Students must participate in seminars led by other AT-831 students on a topic relevant to AT-331/831.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Written reports on field, lab, or modelling exercises as assigned. A 5000 word manuscript (including text, references, figures & tables) on a chosen research topic. Participation in seminars led by other AT-831 students on a topic relevant to AT-331/831. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Research paper to be submitted for publication Written exam

3 hours

Percentage of final grade

75% 25%

All assessments must be fulfilled in order to receive a final grade.

121

122

UNIS | ARCTIC TECHNOLOGY – PhD COURSES

AT-832

Physical Environmental Loads on Arctic Coastal and Offshore Structures (10 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Autumn semester, (October-November), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

10 ECTS with AT-323 and AT-332 GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Books: Irgens, F. (2008): “Continuum mechanics”. Mei, C.C. (1983): “The applied dynamics of ocean surface waves”. Sanderson, T.J.O. (1988): “Ice mechanics. Risk to offshore structures”. Squire et al. (1996): “Moving loads on ice plates”. Løset et al. (2006): “Actions from ice on Arctic offshore and coastal structures”. Dempsey and Shen (2001): “Scaling Laws in Ice Mechanics and Ice Dynamics”. Scientific papers (provided). COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Aleksey Marchenko E-mail: aleksey.marchenko@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

None COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/20 students (AT-332/832 in total) EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue Non-programmable calculator.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The course introduces students in modern physical and mathematical models describing physical environmental loads on coastal and offshore structures in the Arctic. The course includes descriptions of physical mechanisms of the environmental loads on the structures by waves, ice and sea currents and explain methods of the construction of corresponded mathematical models. The main focus is on the models describing ice crushing and piling up near narrow and wide structures, acceleration of floes and icebergs by surface waves, wave actions on fixed and floating structures, tide and thermally induced ice stresses, seabed gouging by ice keels, ice piling up on the beach, seabed erosion by under ice currents, abrasion of steel and concrete surfaces by the ice, bearing capacity of the ice under static and moving loads. Lectures also include formulation of codes for the design of offshore constructions in ice conditions and probability methods for the estimates of risks due to long term exploitation of offshore structures. Seminars include analytical exercises and numerical simulations by Comsol Multiphysics. Laboratory work include experiments on the behaviour of ice samples under non-stationary loading, bending and indentation tests in the ice tank, experiments on ice permeability, experiments on ice interaction with steel and concrete surface. Measurements of floating quay movements induced by water actions with synchronous measurements of sea currents, tides and waves is planned as fieldwork in Longyearbyen harbour.

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS:

The course extends over 6 weeks and is run in combination with AT-332.

Enrolment in a relevant PhD program. Basic knowledge in mathematics and physics at PhD level.

Total lecture hours, seminars and fieldwork: 55 hours. Laboratory work: 1 week.

LEARNING OUTCOME:

Seminars include mathematical exercises, performing of results of field and laboratory work and exercises for exam preparation. Each student should prepare a report/manuscript with research paper structure (3000-5000 words, including introduction, text, references, figures & tables and conclusion) on lab- and fieldwork.

•

• • • •

Be able to perform specified phys.-math models describing sea ice evolution over a year, sea ice permeability, bending and in plane deformations of fresh and saline ice, interaction of tides and surface waves with floating ice, sediment transport in shallow waters below the ice, ice gouging, ice behaviour under static and dynamic loads, 3D models of buildup and consolidation of ice ridges and ice piles near offshore structures, influence of sea ice on steel and concrete surfaces. Be able to perform basic knowledge about ISO standards and probabilistic estimates of ice loads on offshore and coastal structures. Experience in the modelling with Comsol Multiphysics. Experience in performing ice tests in the cold laboratory of UNIS. Knowledge of ice impact on beach and coastal structures. Experience from fieldworks in coastal zone of Svalbard fjords in ice free season.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: Seminars, laboratory work and fieldwork. All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Written lab report Written field report Written exam

4 hours

Percentage of final grade

20% 20% 60%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

123

Walruses (Odobenus rosmarus)

Taking it easy on a Svalbard shore. Photo: Eva Therese Jenssen.

124

UNIS | GENERAL COURSES

GENERAL COURSES |

AS-101

Arctic Survival and Safety Course (3 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring semester (January), annually LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

The course provides a thorough theoretical basis and hands-on practice in a range of vital survival skills: • •

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

•

None GRADE:

•

Pass/Fail COURSE MATERIALS:

Hand-outs (ca. 150 pages) COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

Fred Skancke Hansen E-mail: fred.hansen@unis.no COURSE COSTS:

None COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

• •

Use of rifles and pyrotechnic flares to scare away polar bears First aid, especially treatment and prevention of frost injuries Navigation on Svalbard by map reading and compass, assisted by GPS Use of communications systems including VHF radio, satellite phone and direction beacons Emergency kit including tent, windbag and primus stove Sea ice behavior and rescue techniques.

The last day of the course include a practical exercise detailing the factors that must be considered when planning field trips in the Arctic.

5/-

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

TEACHING ACTIVITIES: The course extends over 6 days.

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS:

Total lecture hours: Ca. 20 hours. Total exercise hours: Ca. 40 hours.

Enrolment as a UNIS full semester student.

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES:

LEARNING OUTCOME:

100 % attendance at lectures and exercises.

Basic knowledge of potential risk scenarios and skills in planning and accomplishing fieldwork and private trips under arctic conditions.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: When running this course, it is assumed that students have no prior experience of life in the High Arctic. One part of the course therefore focuses on clothing and general conduct, as well as providing an insight into the sort of conditions and risks you can expect to meet on Svalbard.

All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

ASSESSMENT: Method

Time

Percentage of final grade

Written exam

1 hour

100%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

UNIS | GENERAL COURSES

SH-201

The development of Russian and Norwegian local communities will be analyzed, and particular emphasis will be put on the local history of Longyearbyen.

The History of Svalbard (6 ECTS)

COURSE PERIOD:

Spring semester, annually

TEACHING ACTIVITIES:

LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION:

The course extends over two weeks, with 20 lecture hours. An essay of maximum 2,500 words or at least three written exercises must be approved in order to sit for the exam. Individual tuition is offered. During the course there will be a voluntary guided visit to Svalbard Museum and the Cultural Heritage Repository.

English CREDIT REDUCTION/OVERLAP:

None GRADE:

Letter grade (A through F) COURSE MATERIALS:

Curriculum: Recommended reading list: Ca. 250 pages COURSE RESPONSIBLE/UNIS CONTACT PERSON:

COMPULSORY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES:

COURSE COSTS:

At least 80 % attendance at lectures and approved exercises/essay.

Thor BjĂ¸rn Arlov E-mail: thor.arlov@unis.no / thor.arlov@ntnu.no None

All compulsory educational activities must be approved in order to sit the exam.

COURSE CAPACITY MIN./MAX.:

5/-

EXAMINATION SUPPORT MATERIAL:

ASSESSMENT:

Bilingual dictionary between English and mother tongue

Method Written exam

REQUIRED PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE/ COURSE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS:

Time

Percentage of final grade

3 hours

100%

All assessments must be passed in order to pass the course.

None. The course is adapted for science or technology students on bachelor or master level without previous experience in history or social sciences.

LEARNING OUTCOME: Students will get a comprehensive overview of Svalbardâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s history from its discovery in 1596 until the present day, covering main aspects of economic and scientific activity, politics, social and cultural development. They will be introduced to historical thinking and acquire a basic understanding of applied historical method. The aim of the course is to provide the students with a wider cultural context for their specialized studies in Svalbard.

ACADEMIC CONTENT: The point of departure of the course is the gradual colonization and exploration of the circumpolar Arctic from pre-historic times until the modern period. The early exploitation of Svalbard as a resource frontier is discussed, with emphasis on whaling and hunting. Economic activity in the modern era is covered, first and foremost mining and large scale tourism, but also fisheries. An overriding perspective is the interaction between man and the environment through nearly 400 years of resource harvesting. The history of science on Svalbard will be outlined from its early beginnings in the 18th century until the present, including the more spectacular polar expeditions. Political history includes the question of sovereignty and the emergence of a management regime, as well as the role of Svalbard in a geopolitical context.

Little Auks (Alle alle) migrate to Svalbard in summer to feed and breed. Photo: Eva Therese Jenssen.

125

126

127

In Kongsfjorden

AG-210 students enjoying the sight of the Blomstrand glacier. Photo by: Anne Hormes.

Front cover: The Paulabreen (Paula glacier). Photo: Nataly Marchenko/UNIS. Manuscript completed 25 February 2013.

unis COURSE CATALOGUE THE UNIVERSITY CENTRE IN SVALBARD

CONTACT INFORMATION

Academic Affairs:

The University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS) P.O. Box 156 N-9171 Longyearbyen Norway

E-mail: studadm@unis.no Web: www.unis.no/studies

Phone: (+47) 79 02 33 00 E-mail: post@unis.no Web: www.unis.no

See www.unis.no/studies for updates

UNIS on Facebook: www.facebook.com/UNIS.Svalbard