FIRE STATION 22 SOUTH PHOENIX CHI-LUN LEE
Fire Station 22 is located on Broadway Road in South Phoenix. Like the fact that fire stations are strongly functional type building, this project is aimed to provide functional programs for firemen and at the same time, to serve as a second home for firemen to connect and relax. To achieve the goal, the apparatus space and the public space are facing the busy Broadway Road while the living section is located on the south side of the site. Therefore, firemen are able to keep their privacy and being not disturbed in the living section but also available to access to apparatus space quickly in terms of any emergencies. The entire project is shaped into a U shape with a square in the center to allow firetruck to easily goes in and out in a single direction. The square also serves as a border and connection between the private and public sections of the whole building.
01 SITE ANALYSIS 02 FIRE STATION #22 03 CASE STUDY 04 ENERGY ANALYSIS 05 CONSTRUCTION ANALYSIS
CON TENTS
01 SITE ANALYSIS
PROJECT SIT E
SITE
Industrial Industrial
Residential Residential
Site
Site
Commercial Commercial
SITE VIEW VIEWS
V Ĺ? Ĺ? ie w to wa rds nor the a st on Corona Ave . Ĺ? Ĺ?
V Ĺ? Ĺ? Ĺ? ie w to wa rds Ce ntra l Ave . & Ĺ?Ä’Ĺ? Ĺ? Bro a dway Rd.
VIEWS V ie w to wa rds so uth on Ĺ? Ĺ? Ce ntra l Ave . Ĺ? Ĺ?
V Ĺ? Ĺ? ie w to wa rds so uth mo unta in on the cor ne r o f 2 nd St. & Ĺ? Ĺ? Ĺ? Ĺ? Corona . Ĺ?Ä‚* Ave Ĺ? Ĺ?Ä’Ĺ? Ĺ?
HISTORY
HISTORY
In 1988, nonresidential uses made up only a small portion of the overall land use pattern. Many of the commercial uses that once operated along Broadway Road had relocated or had gone out of business. Commercial uses included a machine shop, a travel agency, several restaurants, an automobile tire repair shop, a second hand store and other small-scale neighborhood businesses and home occupations and two junk yards. The newest addition to the neighborhood was a thrift store located in a vacated food market and pool hall. There were nine churches in the twelveblock area, and nonresidential uses in a small area operating along Broadway Road.
Existing Land Uses in 1999
HISTORY
The origin and development of the patterns of environmental inequality here are a product of a persistent and diverse forms of racism, coupled with the primary roles of transportation corridors and industrialization in shaping the inner city area of Phoenix. The prevalent racial discourses of the early 20th century, associating filth and disease with the living habits of minorities helped justify spatial segregation. Equally important, it was not just the people who were pathologized: the region in which they lived was likewise stigmatized as a “hazardous� environment. In this fashion, historic racist discourses and practices and their effects on land use decisions have been literally inscribed on the landscape of central Phoenix.
Zoning Districts in 1989
HISTORY
EMPLOYMENT + EDUCATION
DEMOGRAPHICS
EDUCAT I ON
FOOD STAMPS
RADIATION ANALYSIS
Summer
Fall
Winter
Spring
SUN PATH DIAGRAM
Summer
Fall
Winter
Spring
MARCO-CLIMATE ANALYSIS
Sun Shading Chart Dec 21—Jun 21
Sun Chart Dec 21—Jun 21
Sun Shading Chart Jun 21—Dec 21
Sun Chart Jun 21—Dec 21
Illumination Range
Temperature Range
Radiation Range
Wind VelocityRange
Transit Route
02 FIRE STATION #22
SITE PLAN 1” = 100’-0”
PROCESS DIAGRAM
74' - 8 1/2"
9" 159' -
a
c
a 7
b d
8
a
a
a
" 63' - 0
" 31' - 0
48' - 6"
6
" 26' - 0
50' - 9"
f
g d
e 1
i
j
" 44' - 6
" 63' - 0
" 63' - 0
5
h
e
9
2
24' - 0"
48' - 6"
" 25' - 6
23' - 4"
FLOOR PLAN
Second Floor Plan
" 18' - 6
3
1/32” = 1’-0”
4 A J
" 35' - 1
K
B
" 82' - 9
7' - 5"
"
" 18' - 0
33' - 0
" 27' - 0
D
F
A G
H
I
37' - 6
B J
K
1/2" 1 56' - 1
Ground Floor Plan 1/32” = 1’-0”
1/2"
Public Section
Public Section
1. Apparatus Bay
a. Battalion Offices b. Battalion Chief’s Office
A. Day Room/ Break Room
2. Mezzanine Storage 3. Turnouts Storage Room 4. Decontamination Sink/ Eye Wash
C
E
Apparatus Section
" 24' - 0
" 18' - 0
66' - 0
1/2"
5. Exterior Storage 6. Watch Room/ Station Office 7. SCBA Bottle/ Hose Storage 8. IDC & EMS Storage Closet 9. Exterior Generator
c. Public Lobby d. Women’s Restroom e. Men’s Restroom f. Training Room / EOC/ Community g. Radio/ Communications Room h. Distric Staff Office i. Distric Chief’s Office j. Captain’s Office
B. Kitchen & Dining C. Fitness/ Exercise Room D. Library/ Study E. Men’s Restroom F. Women’s Restroom G. Inside Storage/ Laundry Room H. Mechanical I. Janitors Closet J. Women’s Bathroom K. Men’s Bathroom
PRESSURE ZONE
Second Floor Plan 1/32” = 1’-0”
Hot Zone (High Hazard)
Cold Zone - Public (Low Hazard) Cold Zone - Private (Low Hazard) Transition (Moderate Hazard)
Ground Floor Plan 1/32” = 1’-0”
Second Floor Plan 1/32” = 1’-0”
Ground Floor Plan 1/32” = 1’-0”
FRAMING PLAN - COLUMNS
2
1
3
4
13
5
6
8
7
10
9
11
12 I
II A B C D E
F
G
H
14
15
16
17 1/32” = 1’-0”
FRAMING PLAN - BEAMS & GRIDERS
2
1
3
4
5
6
13
8
7
10
9
11
12 I
II A B C Beam
D
Grider
E
F
G
H
14
15
16
17 1/32” = 1’-0”
ROOF & CANOPY
Canopy Structure
Roof Opening
EXPLODED A XON
Canopy
Canopy Truss
Roof With Opening
Beams & Griders & Truss
Interior Walls
Exterior Walls
Columns & Footings
STRUCTURAL DETAIL
2” EPD Roof 3” Thermal Rigid Insulation 2” Metal Deck 6” Steel Bar Joist Layer
Aluminum Truss 2” EPD Roof Waterproofing Membrane 3” Thermal Rigid Insulation 2”Metal Deck 6” Steel Bar Joist Layer
6” Cast-in-Place Concrete Waterproofing Membrane 3” Air Infiltration Barrier 3” Thermal Rigid Insulation 6” Cast-in-Place Concrete 2” Gypsum Wall 2’x2’ M_Concrete Square Column 6’x7’ Grid Curtain Wall 12”x2” HSS_Hollow Structure Section Column Aluminum Ribbon 2” Round bar
2” Analytical Floor Surface Waterproofing Membrane 2” Air Infiltration Barrier 2” Thermal Rigid Insulation
6” Cast-in-Place Concrete 2” Metal Deck
HORIZONTAL SECTION
1/8” = 1’-0”
3/64” = 1’-0”
LONGITUDINAL SECTION
3/32” = 1’-0”
3/64” = 1’-0”
3/32” = 1’-0”
3/64” = 1’-0”
03 CASE STUDY
FIRE STATION HOUTEN SAMYN and PARTNERS / Netherlands
Architects: SAMYN and PARTNERS Location: Houten, Netherlands Area: 1100.0 m2 m2 Year: 2000
SITE PLAN
Ja
n
( w i nt er )
Ju l ( su m m er )
CONCEPT
Ground Floor Plan 1/32” = 1’-0”
Showers & Changing room
Restrooms
Closet Storage rooms for mechenical equipment
Kitchen & Cafeteria
Office
Conference Room
Appartus bay
Response Route Circulation
Second Floor Plan
Third Floor Plan
—Office Spaces
—Storage Rooms for Technical Equipment
Response Route Circulation
Response Route Circulation
Section—East Side
Elevation—East-West
East
West
Elevation—North-South
East
West
04 ENERGY ANALYSIS
PROGRAM - ENTITY PALETTE Fire MASSING Station Programs Boxes - Entity
Palette
SEFIARA ANALYSIS (ZONE 2) - DAYLIGHTING VISUALIZATION
First Floor Sefiara Analysis (Zone 2) - Daylighting Visualization Sefiara Analysis (Zone 2)
Floor 1
S
Fl
Second Floor
Third Floor
loor 2
Floor 3
Sefiara Analysis (Zone 2) - Daylighting Visualization
Sefiara Analysis (Zone 2) - Daylighting Visualization
SEFIARA ANALYSIS (adjusted) - DAYLIGHTING VISUALIZATION First Floor
Seco
Floor 1
Floor
Sefiara Analysis (adjusted) - Daylighting Visualization
Sefiara Analysis (adjusted) - Daylighting Visualization adding Wall Insulation, Glazing U-factor, Infiltration Rate, Ventilation Rate, Solar Heat Grain Coefficient
Sefi
ond Floor
iara Analysis (adjusted) - Daylighting Visualization
r2
Third Floor
Sefiara Analysis (adjusted) - Daylighting Visualization
Floor 3
05 CONSTRUCTION ANALYSIS
WOOD • One of the oldest building materials ever to be used by people. • A benefit is its thermal properties, which give it an advantage in terms of its resistance to high temperatures.
—Unlike steel, which can expand or even collapse in high heat, wood actually dries out and becomes stronger as the heat increases.
• Wood is good for absorbing unwanted acoustics.
Benefits • Ecological, natural and healthy. • Sustainable. • Charring wood wraps up the wood in a layer of carbon that’s highly resistant to mould, insects, water and even fire and creates powerful visual effect. • Wood is generally cheaper. • Wood is generally easier to work with.
Limitations • More flammable. • Less durability. • Can take up too much structural space.
ST EEL • Using of a steel framed building or structural steel building.
— Steel framed building is using steel to create the walls that are not necessarily structural.
Benefits • The plan can be independent of the structure. • Using large sections enables large free spans and cantilevers. • Supporting heavy point loads.
Limitations • More expensive. • Requires more precision in construction. • Sun exposure can heat beams, columns to 105 F or more, which can cause malformation.
CONCRET E • Characteristics - are determined by the aggregate or cement used, or by the method that is used to produce it. The water-to-cement ratio is the determining factor in ordinary structural concrete with a lower water content resulting in a stronger concrete.
• Strength - Concrete has a relatively high compressive strength, but lacks tensile strength. Concrete must be reinforced with steel rebar to increase a structure’s tensile capacity, ductility and elasticity.
• Fire Resistance - The composition of concrete makes it naturally fire resistant and in line with all International Building Codes (IBC). When concrete is used for building construction, many of the other components used in construction are not fire resistant. Professionals should adhere to all safety codes when in the building process to prevent complications within the overall struc ture.
• Versatility - Although concrete can be molded into many different shapes, it does face some limitations when it comes to floor-to-floor construction heights and long, open spans. • Corrosion - With proper construction and care, reinforced concrete is water resistant and will not corrode. However, it’s important to note that the steel reinforcement inside should never be exposed. If exposed, the steel becomes compromised and can easily corrode, compromising the strength of the structure.
Benefits • It is a relatively cheap material and has a relatively long life with few maintenance requirements. • It is strong in compression. • Before it hardens it is a very pliable substance that can easily be shaped. • It is non-combustible.
Limitations • Relatively low tensile strength when compared to other building materials. • Low ductability. • Low strength-to-weight ratio. • It is susceptible to cracking.
TH AN K YOU