ANALOG COMMUNICATIONS 1. (a) Define Fourier series and Fourier transforms? (b) Explain the properties of Fourier transforms? (c) Differentiate between Wideband FM and Narrowband FM? (d) Show a scheme to convert PM to FM? (e) Define the terms Sensitivity and Fidelity as applied to receivers? (f) In a broadcast Super heterodyne receivers with no RF amplifiers, if the IF used is 455KHz, find image frequency at 1000KHz? (g) Define the terms Amplitude modulation? 2. (a) an AM wave form has the following form, x(t) = 10(1+0.5 cos2000 πt) cos 2 x 108 πt volts. Consider 1 ohm load and find (i) the average power content of each spectral component of x(t), (ii) the side band power and (iii) modulation index. (8) (b) explain SSB generation using phase shift method. Discuss relative merits and demerits of SSB modulation over DSB modulation. (6) 3. (a) Determine the Fourier transform of (5) x(t) = {cosπ
0
t -1/2 ≤ t ≤ +1/2 otherwise
(b) Prove that an Autocorrelation function is an Even function? (5) (c) A carrier wave vc(t) = A sin wct is amplitude-modulated by an audio wave vm(t) = B sin 3wmt. Sketch the complete spectrum of the modulated wave and calculate the total power in the side bands in (B/A) = 0.5. (4) 4.(a) Give the PM and FM equations. Show that FM can be generated using PM modulator. (4) (b) Explain with neat block schematic diagram the Armstrong method of FM generation. Draw the phasor diagram illustrating the principle. (4) (c) Explain the operation of Foster silly discriminator using Block diagram ? (6) 5. (a) what is the significance of VSB signal and where does it find its application? Show that a VSB wave plus carrier retains the base band information in its envelope. (8) (b) an angle modulated wave is described by Φ(t) = 10cos[1X108πt +10cos 2000 πt]. calculate (i) power of the modulated signal, (ii) the maximum frequency deviation and (iii) band width of a signal. (6) 6. Classify radio transmitters and explain any one AM and FM transmitters with block diagram? (14) 7. (a) Explain major factors that influence the choice of intermediate frequency in any particular system. (6) (b) Draw a neat block diagram of Super heterodyne Receiver and Explain its operation? (8) 8. (a) Draw a neat block diagram of Communication Receiver and Explain? (8) (b) Explain the working of delayed AGC circuit and compare the above with No, Ideal and simple AGC circuits using AGC characteristics? (6)
DISCRETE MATHEMATICAL STRUCTURES II 1. Answer The following: a) Give an example of a relation which is reflexive and transitive but not symmetric. b) Find the value of A(2.2) where A(m, n) is defined below: A(0,n)=n+1 if n > 0 A(m,0) = A(m-1, 1) if m > 0 A(m,n)=A(m-1,A(m,n-1) if m,n>0 c) How many binary operations are possible on a set having n elements? d) What is a partially ordered set? e) Find the hamming distance between the code words 10010101 and 10011001 f) If <G, *> is a group having 17 elements with the identity element e then list all subgroups of the group <G, *>. g) Draw the Hasse diagram of the lattice (S, ≤) where S = {1,2,3.4,6,8,12,24} and for any elements a, b ∈ S, a ≤ b if and only if a divides b. 2. a) When do we say that a function is primitive recursive? Explain.
b) Show that the function D(x) is primitive recursive where D(x) is the number of divisors of x. 3. a) Show that the set of all the invertible elements of a monoid form a group under the same operations as that of the monoid. b) State and prove the Lagranges theorem for groups. 4. a) Construct the decoding table for the group code C={(0,0,0,0,0,0),(0,0,1,0,1,1),(0,1,0,1,0,1),(0,1,1,1,1,0),(1,0,0,1,1,1),(1,0,1,1,0,0),(1,1,0,0,1,0),(1, 1,1,0,0,1)} b) Prove that a code can correct all combinations of k or fewer errors if and only if the minimum distance between the any two code words is at least 2k+1. 5. a) What is the transitive closure of a relation? Find the transitive closure of the relation R = {(1,2),(2,3),(3,1),(1,3)} on the set S={1,2,3}. b) Show that there are only five distinct Hasse diagrams for partially ordered sets that contain three elements. 6. a) Define the terms Grammar and Language and illustrate with examples. b) Obtain a context free grammar which generates the language. L = { w l w contains twice as many 0s and 1s }. 7. a) When do we say that (B, *, ⊕, ', 0, 1) is a Boolean Algebra? List all properties of a Boolean Algebra. b) For the following Boolean expression give the circuit diagram representation and the Karnaugh map representation f = x'y'z + x'yz' + xyz'. 8. a) Explain the terms: Deterministic Finite state machine and Non-deterministic Finite state machine with examples. b) Design a deterministic finite state acceptor for sentences in { a, b } such that every a has a b immediately to its right.
MICRO PROCESSORS 1. (a) Distinguish between CPU and microprocessor (b) Does fetch and execute overlap occur in 8085 microprocessor. Justify your answer. (c) Draw the neat sketch showing demultiplexing of address bus and data bus in 8085 microprocessors. (d) How do you set Zero and CARRY flags of 8085? (e) What is the use of LOCK bar signal of 8086 microprocessor? (f) What is the number of T states in 8086 and 8088? (g) Give the instruction format of 8086 microprocessor. 2. (a) Write the complete specifications of 8085. Explain how Instruction Execution Process occurs in 8085 for any one of stack related instructions. (b) If hold and interrupt inputs of 8085 occur simultaneously. which one is accepted first? Justify your answer. 3. (a) Give the basic system timing diagram of 8085. (b) Write complete 8085 assembly language programming requirements and then write a program to find the GCD of two 8-bit numbers with a flowchart. 4. (a) Explain the complete interrupt structure of 8085. (b) Give the hardware and software for testing the interrupt logic of RST5.5 interrupt. 5. (a) Explain maximum mode and minimum mode interfaces of 8086. (b) Is the instruction format and instruction set of 8086 and 8088 same? Justify your answer by format and example instructions with detailed instructions. 6. (a) Write a program to transfer a string of characters from a given location to a destination location. Consider all the cases of overlapping. Assume the data necessary. (b) Write in brief about interrupts in 8086. 7. (a) Describe how BIU and EU interact for instruction execution with a suitable instruction sequence. (b) Write 8086 program with minimum number of instructions for resetting a flag register. 8. (a) What are Prefix instructions of 8086? Explain with examples. (b) Discuss about Coprocessor and Mutliprocessor environment with 8086 (c) Idents the addiess modes of each of the following 8086 instructions (i) MOV AH, [MP+2], (ii) MOV AH, 47H, (iii) MOV AH, [XRAY], (iv) MOV AH, [BP+SI], (v) MOV AH, TEMP[BS]
COMPUTER ORGANIZATION 1. (a) What is the arithmetic shift and how to identify the over flow? (b) What is firmware? (c) What is asynchronous transmission? (d) Define hit ratio? (e) What is handshaking? (f) Define index addressing mode? (g) What is write back procedure in cache memory? 2. (a) Show the hardware including logic gates for the control function that implements the statement xy1T0 + T1 + x1yT2 : A â&#x2020;? A+1 (b) Describe the register transfer language operation illustrating with one example? 3. (a) Describe the mechanism of an instruction fetching, decoding and execution using flow chart? (b) What are data manipulation instructions BASIC computer? Explain with examples. 4. (a) Compare hardware control and micro programmed control? (b) Show how nine bit micro operation field in a micro instruction can be divided into sub fields? Explain with an example. 5. (a) With flow charts explain how floating point addition is performed in a computer? (b) What are the functions performed by an I/O interface? Explain with an example. 6. (a) Compare and contrast isolated I/O and memory mapped I/O. (b) Why does I/O interrupt make more efficient use of the CPU? 7. (a) Explain the need of the memo hierarchy? (b) What is the associate memory and what kind of operation it is more suitable? 8. Write short notes on (i) Virtual Memory (ii) Instruction formats. (iii) DMA (iv) Memory Reference Instructions of BASIC Computer
OBJECT ORIENTED ANALYSIS AND DESIGN 1. (a) What are the advantages of an object-oriented paradigm? Explain the terms b) Generic Pointer c) Abstract class d) Reference Variable e) Pure Virtual Functions f) Protected g) Function Overloading 2. (a) Write the syntax for the C++ switch statement (b) create the equivalent of a four function calculator. The program should request the user to enter a number , an operator and another number. If should then carry out the specified arithmetic operation : adding . subtraction , multiplying and dividing two numbers (use a switch statement to select the operations). Finally display the result. The program should be interactive to ask the user for another calculation for which the response could be Y or N. 3. Define a class string to represent a string (a) Overload ‘+=’ to concatenation string objects and to store result in first one. (b) Overload ‘+’ to concatenate two string objects, a string object & a string constant, and a string constant & a string object. (c) Overload all relation operators to compare string objects. 4. Define a class matrix and overload the operators +,-,*,<<,>> to add , subtract and multiply a integer and a matrix. Matrix and matrix. 5. (a) What is a friend function? Explain with examples the need for a friend function. (b) What is static member of a class? Explain how static variables can be used to count the number of active objects of a class. (c) Distinguish between private, protected and public access classes. 6. (a) Explain multiple inheritance with the example. (b) Explain hoe constructors are handles in multiple inheritance. 7. (a) How to implement run time polymorphism? Explain by giving suitable example. (b) Explain about file handling in C++. 8. (a) Discuss with necessary examples error handling and exception handling in C++. (b) Define a template class for a vector. Overload the required operators. Also overload ‘=’ for vector assignment.
SYSTEMS PROGRAMMING 1. a) What is the difference in function between BALR and USING instructIons? (14) b) Explain Allocation. c) Define Macro Instruction. d) Differentiate in between pass and phase. e) Define Linkage Editor. f) Define Compiler. g) Differentiate in between simple RELOCATABLE and complex RELOCATABLE address constants. 2. a) Explain the role of Base Register. (5) b) Explain the role of Index Register. (5) c) Differentiate in between USING and DROP PSEUDO op codes. (4) 3. a) Give the design of single pass assembler. (9) b) Can we write an ALP without using USING OP CODE? How? what are the limitations. (5) 4. a) Give the design of single pass macro processor. (9) b) Explain the design of macro processor which can handle macro definitions within macros. (5) 5. a) Give the design part of Assembler corresponding to LTORG pseudo op code. (5) b) Give the design of Assembler corresponding to Extended MNEUMONICS. (4) c) Will the following divide 10 by 2? Justify. (5) L3,=f"10' D2,=f"2' ST3, 1000 6. a) Give the design of absolute loader. (7) b) Explain about Direct Linking Loader. (7) 7. a) Explain BSS loader. (8) b) At what point in time of each of the following loading schemes perform binding? (6) i. DLL, ii. BSS loader, iii. Dynamic binder, iv. Dynamic linking loader, v. Overlay, vi. Editor. 8. a) Explain Lexical Analysis in detail. (9) b) Differentiate in between TDP & BUP (5)