PSYCHOLOGY NEWSLETTER #1

VOL. 1 / OCT 2018

Issue #

PSYCHOLOGY ENTHUSIAST CIRCLE

newsletter YOGA BALL MURDER PROF. KHAW KIM SUN HAPPY LAND ARSON JULIO GONZALEZ THE LADY KILLER TED BUNDY

THIS MONTH’S THEME: CRIMINAL PSYCHOLOGY TORTURE & TRAUMATIZATION THE PSYCHOLOGY BEHIND “SCREW YOUR OPTICS, I’M GOING IN.” ROBERT BOWERS

THE PURPOSE OF PSYCHOLOGY IS TO GIVE US A COMPLETELY DIFFERENT IDEA OF THE THINGS WE KNOW BEST. Paul Valery

Table of Contents Message from the Cores ------------------------Torture the Hell out of You ------------------------Spree for Life ------------------------Yoga Ball – healthy or deadly? -----------------------Happy Land in Flames ------------------------The Case of Ted Bundy – a serial killer ----------------Upcoming Activities -------------------------

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Message from the Cores 4B Chloe Yeung , 4G Justin Lam, 4G Kinsey Yuen , 4G Angel Au

Hi! We are the core members of the Psychology EC 2018-19. We are very thankful to have such an opportunity to share our passion for psychology with all of you.

Psychology is the scientific study of the mind and behaviour.

Through the Psychology EC, we aim to construct a platform to unite and create cohesion among students with common interest in psychology, as well as providing students with knowledge in psychology and to consolidate schoolmates’ understanding about psychology, including clearing misconceptions about the subject.

We also hope to raise awareness about the importance of having a stable and healthy mind, also helping students to release their academic and social pressure with a series of activities.

We look forward to seeing you participate in our activities!

Here's our year plan and all the activities we're going to hold in the coming year:

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Newsletters will be published in October, January and April, featuring a branch of psychology (e.g. cognitive psychology, abnormal psychology) in each edition, as well as providing information on recent findings in psychology and other interesting facts.

Other than that, forums will be held discussing topics such as methods of releasing stress, different areas of psychology, processes of studying psychology as a subject in university, 3

possible careers after choosing psychology, etc. Guests may be invited to give insight into psychology to students A Q&A competition will be held in May, testing participants' knowledge in various parts of psychology. Interested students can form groups or participant individually.

The wellbeing week-Catharsis will be held in April in collaboration with the Student Union. Booths will be set up during lunch breaks, advocating community outreach and public education of mental wellbeing. We aim to help students reduce their stress before the exam by participating in games as well as drawing attention to the increasing worldwide trend of people suffering from mental illnesses.

Facebook and Instagram accounts have been set up, regularly posting information about psychology and promoting our activities. Throughout the year we will be holding three social media campaigns, namely Mental Health Monday (sharing of inspirational and motivational quotes + tips), Wonderful Wednesday (psychology-related book and movie recommendations) and Fun Fact Friday (sharing of interesting psychological facts).

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THIS MONTH’S THEME: CRIME An unlawful act punishable by authority. Deviant behaviour violating prevailing social and cultural norms. While criminal psychology does not discuss the definition of a crime, it seeks to understand the criminal intent of the offender, or otherwise known as mens rea, and to explore other factors influencing why the offender committed the crime. Criminal psychology also analyzes how the crime affects the victim and the society, as well as how the offender changes after committing the crime. In legal proceedings, criminal psychologists determine if the offender is competent and sane when the crime was committed and during the trial. Criminal psychology also comes in handy when helping authorities to prevent crime and criminals from reoffending (recidivism).

CRIMINAL PROFILING To identify likely suspects, criminal psychologists have used criminal profiling for decades, linking cases that may have been committed by the same perpetrator. Criminal profiling can be applied to many types of crimes such as serial killing and is used to predict the identified offender’s future actions.

Psychologists link the actions done at crime scenes to infer the offender’s characteristics. However this theory is built on the assumption that the offender’s behaviour is consistent, and not 5

much scientific research or evidence can support its usefulness.

A BRIEF HISTORY OF CRIMINAL PSYCHOLOGY Criminologist and psychiatrist Cesare Lombroso (1835-1909) proposed the theory of the ‘born criminal’ and can be identified by multiple physical anomalies such as a sloping forehead and excessive length of arms. Lombroso theorized that the ‘born criminals’ reverted to a primitive version of human, also known as the criminal atavism.

Such findings have also been substantiated in the 1940s by American psychologist William Herbert Sheldon, developing the somatotype, which categorizes human physique into three main somatotypes, namely ectomorphic, mesomorphic and endomorphic. Sheldon associated the three somatotypes with different psychological traits, for example, endomorphs are described as being sociable but lazy.

Such theories linked physical characteristics with a person’s personality, which has been proven to be incorrect by numerous critics, and such correlations are insignificant and not causal.

Today, psychologists generally use personality and social learning theories to explain criminal behaviour. For example, people who are psychotic and antisocial are far more likely to commit crime than others. People living in neighbourhoods with higher crime rate have a higher chance of being a criminal as 6

criminal behaviour is also a product of learning. Psychoanalytic theories tackle the problem by describing the struggles between the id and the superego as well as how moral deviance leads to crime. It is also commonly accepted and observed that males are far more likely to commit crime than females.

In this newsletter, we wish to introduce you to the amazing world of criminal psychology. Keep reading for more interesting criminal stories and learn about the psychology behind.

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Torture the Hell out of You 4G Justin Lam, 4G Kinsey Yuen, 4G Angel Au

Upon hearing the word ‘torture’, you might think of interrogation scenes in movies where the victim is forced to reveal information, or you might remember hearing court cases where the suspects allegedly brutally beat and assault their victims showing little to no remorse. Actually, there’s much more to it.

Torture refers to intentionally inflicting severe physical or mental pain on a person. It has many purposes, including obtaining information, punishment, and intimidation.

The Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (commonly known as the United Nations Convention against Torture) is an international human rights treaty, under the review of the United Nations, that aims to prevent torture and other acts of cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment around the world!

What is the mens rea of the perpetrator, or why do people torture other people, so to speak?

There are many reasons why people are driven to do morally reprehensible acts.

Firstly, and most commonly, is the official encouragement. When the state endorses a torturer’s actions and even makes them think of it as patriotic, they stop seeing it as a crime and become more willing to do so.

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Secondly, propaganda and media influence can lead people to believe in their own righteousness and the effectiveness of torture. Under the effect of mass media, they are more likely to think of themselves as being on the morally higher ground.

Please remember that torture is highly ineffective and they will most likely tell you information that isn’t even remotely accurate.

Thirdly, they may be motivated by hatred and revenge, for example against people they think have wronged them. They tend to dehumanize their victims and justify their own actions as “justice” and “for the greater good”.

Torture tends to lead to far-reaching consequences. Victims often suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other forms of mental trauma, causing deep distrust towards others and deep-rooted fears. For example, many victims of waterboarding flinch from water instinctively. Their family and friends often struggle to communicate with the victim in the aftermath as well, leading to anguish on both sides.

In this issue, we would like to analyze and explain the psychology of different cases, as well as providing fun, stunning facts about torture methods.

MIND BLOWING FACT DID YOU KNOW WE COULD MAKE YOU PERMANENTLY AFRAID OF A COLOUR FOR THE REST OF YOUR LIFE? Not all torture methods involve physical pain. A former Iranian journalist Amir Fakhravar was subjected to a process known as 9

“white room torture”. He was kept inside a white room about a year, where the entire decor was white, his clothes were white, and even his food was restricted to rice and milk. He was also detained in total silence, being unable to hear anything except for his own voice. According to Fakhravar, he gradually lost his mind, eventually forgetting who he was and what his parents looked like. He was released in 2004, but the traumatic experience has caused irreversible damage to his psyche, leading him to flinch every time he sees the colour white.

THE MOST CREATIVE TORTURE METHOD The brazen bull was a torture method designed in ancient Greece. The unfortunate victim was put inside a bronze bull that was hollow on the inside, and a fire was lit under the bull. The victim’s screams were carried through a complex series of pipes, eventually making them sound like the bellows of a bull. As legend has it, the original inventor of this gruesome device was its first victim, burning to death within its confines under the orders of the tyrant Phalaris.

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Spree for Life 2E Alice Gao, 4E Cyrus Chan, 4G Justin But, 4G Jonathan Cheng, 4H Brittany Wong

The Pittsburgh Shooting, which happened recently, is one of the deadliest anti-Jewish attacks in History.

WHAT HAPPENED? Location

Tree of Life – or L'Simcha Congregation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

Date & Time

27 Oct 2018 9:54-11:08 AM.

Fatalities

11 killed (aged 59-97, all are elderlies), 7 injured (including 4 police and the suspected perpetrator)

Suspect

Robert Bowers, aged 46, resident of Baldwin, Pennsylvania

Rundown of the shooting Time

Event

The morning on the The suspect posted some anti-Jewish day of the shooting messages on social media: • "I can't sit by and watch my people get slaughtered," • "Screw your optics, I'm going in."

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9:50 a.m.

The shooter enters the building

9:55 a.m.

The police receive a call. The caller reports 20 to 30 shots heard from the lobby of the

10:30 a.m.

•

•

•

11 a.m.

•

•

The tactical team enter the centre, more and more bodies are found.

An officer says there is a man barricaded on the third floor, firing at them.

An officer is shot, according to radio traffic.

The suspect is surrendering and crawling out of the room and he was injured.

He tells the police, "All these Jews need to die."

ANTI-SEMITISM Bowers was armed with an assault rifle and three handguns at the shooting. He told a SWAT officer that he "wanted all Jews to die”, and that “[Jews] were committing genocide to his people.” The social media site Gab.com said Bowers had a profile on their website. A cached version of the account believed to belong to Bowers showed posts that were antiSemitic and anti-refugee in nature.

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Robert Bowers ranted on social media that “[he couldn’t] sit by and watch [his] people get slaughtered.” His views were influenced by white supremacism and the prevailing opinion that white people were “under attack” by minority groups. He believed that Jews were harming the vested interest of “true Americans”. This unhealthy socio-political climate has lead to a sharp increase in anti-Semitic actions and the rise of white supremacist groups in the USA.

GENERAL MINDSET BEHIND THE CASE There are multiple reasons that can explain mass shootings, two of which apply to this situation.

Firstly, Frustration-Aggression Theory states that mass murderers kill due to their pent-up frustration, which ultimately leads to violence. Many such cases interpret situations in 13

extremely negative ways, leading them to initiate aggression.

According to Robert Bower’s tweets, he was vehemently opposed to welcoming Jewish refugees, under the misguided idea that Islamic extremists would follow the Jews to America and wreak havoc.

Secondly, many mass murderers commit horrific acts due to perceived helplessness and a desire to “rectify” their situations.

Robert Bower thought that the lifestyle and safety of white Americans were being threatened by the influx of Jewish refugees, and this “threat” spurred him to conduct mass shootings, without considering the consequences of his actions.

He most likely thought that the mass shooting was a last-ditch attempt to “save” his people.

CONCLUSION This unfortunate incident brought the prevalence of white nationalist views to the world’s attention. They often lead to warped, twisted mindsets that culminate in events like the Robert Bower shootings. Other similar events like school shootings can also arise from personal reasons like bullying, or broader reasons like “fighting for religion”. Mass murders are usually highly violent and extreme, involving the use of firearms, explosives, and even suicide attacks.

As this case shows us, mass murderers don’t necessarily kill because they are inherently bad or evil, but due to a 14

combination of societal, political, and psychological factors.

This is important, because it gives us a way to potentially fix this problem, by increasing awareness of these problems and encouraging people to change their views.

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Yoga Ball – healthy or deadly?

4B Chloe Yeung, 5H Jamie Lam

On 19 September 2018, Khaw Kim Sun, a Malaysian professor was sentenced to life in prison for killing his daughter and wife by placing a carbon-monoxide-filled yoga ball in the boot of the car they were in. This is one of the most unusual murder cases that has ever happened in Hong Kong’s history - the murderer, a highly educated man using a piece of fitness equipment as his weapon.

WHO IS PROFESSOR KHAW? Professor Khaw has been a part of many people’s lives, but before the incident none of them were aware that this man was soon to become a murderer.

A tenant of one of his many properties portrayed him as a “a good egg, a popular and sociable chap”, and “seemed to have supportive friends who were fond of him”. His colleague at the Chinese University of Hong Kong also described Khaw as a “very professional, very 16

skilled anaesthetist”, when testifying in court.

WAS HE REALLY THE PERSON EVERYBODY THOUGHT THEY KNEW? Khaw and his wife had an unhappy relationship, and started growing apart many years ago. According to their domestic helper, they slept in separate rooms. The two of them have discussed divorce, but stayed together - Khaw claimed that “he could not cope with four children individually”. Wong thought otherwise - she told her yoga teacher that Khaw did not want to get a divorce because the couple had jointly owned property and he did not want her to get a share of it after the separation.

Khaw and Wong’s marriage was slowly deteriorating and in 2012 he started having an affair with Shara Lee, an assistant professor at the Polytechnic University of Hong Kong, who was one of his former students at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. His eldest daughter said she felt “betrayed by him” when she found out about their relationship. After the deaths of his wife and daughter, Khaw and his lover traveled abroad as a couple.

Khaw is not simply a well-loved and highly-educated man. He had had an unhappy relationship with his wife and had been lonely before he met his lover, Lee. He is also a very selfish man, evident from his inconsiderate and heartless deeds of ruining his marriage and bonds with his children. At one point, he even suggested that his daughter was to blame for the murder, 17

depicting his uncaring and irresponsible nature.

BUT WHY? HOW WILL THE MURDERER BE BENEFITED? Prosecutors told the High Court that Khaw committed the murder because he was having an affair and his wife would not let him get a divorce.

If Khaw’s wife died, he would be financially benefited by not needing to share his fortune with her, a statement also agreed

by Presiding High Court Judge Mrs Judianna Barnes Wai-ling.

Khaw was supposed to inherit his wife’s share of several properties jointly owned by the two of them. If they got a divorce, Khaw’s wife would get a large portion of the property.

This is one of the possible reasons why he murdered his wife - to get full ownership of the property they owned together.

WAS THE MURDER AN ACCIDENT, OR DID KHAW CAREFULLY PLAN IT OUT? Khaw transported the carbon monoxide gas home in a yoga ball from the Chinese University of Hong Kong, where he worked as a professor. When his colleagues saw him doing this, he explained that he was going to do an

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experiment on rabbits. However, when questioned by officers, he contradicted himself by saying that he wanted to use the deadly gas to kill rats at his home.

Presiding High Court Judge Mrs Judianna Barnes Wai-ling expressed her shock at the fact that such a “highly educated and successful man would conjure up... a calculated measure to get rid of his wife�. According to his colleagues, Khaw was a very skillful doctor, and it is truly a shame that he used his medical knowledge not to save humans, but to harm them.

According to prosecutors, it was highly unlikely that Khaw had wanted to kill his daughter as well. He allegedly told his daughter to stay at home to complete her homework when he planned to commit the murder.

It is evident that Khaw had carefully planned out how he would murder his wife. However, little did he know that his beloved daughter was going to lose her life because of his cruelty.

AFTER THE MURDER With their mother dead and their father sentenced to life in jail, the Khaw children are now living without both 19

parents. One of his daughters had been diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and it is possible that this tragedy will cause trauma and further worsen her mental condition.

This murder came as a shock to many Hong Kongers, since the murderer was a wealthy and highly educated man who used his medical knowledge incorrectly to kill his family members.

With their mother dead and their father sentenced to life in jail, the Khaw children are now living without both parents. One of his daughters had been diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and it is possible that this tragedy will cause trauma and further worsen her mental condition.

As a highly educated person, Professor Khaw meticulously planned and launched such a felony, using his medical expertise to kill his family members. He reacted strongly to the death of his subjects and repeated denied killing them in court trials, showing no signs of remorse. His manipulative and abusive personality led to prolonged emotional distress to his late wife, as well as her death. This case made international headlines and people worldwide were horrified by the professional’s abominable deed. This case reminds us of the nature of mankind of being selfish at heart and not to trust others even when their intentions seem harmless.

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Happy Land in Flames 3F Jade Duong, 4E Ronny Or, 4G Ryan Baum

Oxygen + Fuel + A Sufficiently High Temperature = Fire.

The Fire Triangle is something all of you have come into contact with in the past. Recall your Integrated Science Textbook? Fire may seem fun at times, a spark of life ignited to form a roaring inferno with licking flames, elegant wisps of spiraling smoke dissipating in the surrounding air; but in cases where people of malevolent intentions decide to employ the astounding power of fire to commit wrongdoings, then we have crime cases in our hands - arson.

THE HAPPY LAND FIRE One of the most infamous arsonists to live was Julio Gonzalez.

Despite, unfortunately for the latter, sharing a name with a moderately famous Spanish sculptor, this monstrosity of a being lacks class in all shapes and forms. In the year 1990, adding to the list of unfortunate events including the release of a “pop song” by the name of “The Humpty Dance”, this man set fire to the crowded bar Happy Land social club.

Gonzalez had just been fired from his job and dumped by his girlfriend of brief history, Feliciano, and reacted to these negative 21

events, you guessed it, negatively. This negativity was unleashed when a drunken Gonzalez paid his ex-girlfriend an unwelcome visit at the bar she was working at, and delivered to her a freshly picked and finely chosen bouquet of terrifying threats and insults, which promptly led to him be kicked out of the bar.

Sadly, this abrupt removal of Gonzalez from Happy Land social club did not make him happy at all, or in any way, social.

Grumpy and hateful, he made his way to the petrol station (gas station, if you must), and for a crisp dollar purchased a can of gasoline. This he then used to dose the only exit to the bar with, and subsequently light on fire. As things go, it generally does not bode well for the inhabitants of an enclosed inferno with flaming exits. Tragically, 87 innocent souls were killed in this horrific incident, and the few who managed to survive did so clinging to their charred lives.

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In reaction to this monstrous carbuncle of an incident, Gonzalez was found guilty of 174 counts of murder, two each for every murdered, and aptly delivered 25 years of prison for each count.

While one has much reason to celebrate the 4 millenia of prison time to be served by this man, it is also important to dive into the motives behind this gruesome crime, lest it ever be repeated.

In the big, big book of criminal psychology, arsonists burn things down for many reasons; one of the most common motives is revenge, and that was precisely Gonzalez’s motive. Revengemotivated arson can further be subdivided into four major types of retaliation; personal, societal, institutional, and group. In this case, Gonzalez’s revenge was personal, simply due to his inability to stand the embarrassment of rejection. He was fixated on getting revenge on Feliciano and as such, decided to set the entire building on fire on the spur of the moment. This constitutes to him having a ‘primary gain’ in doing so, as Gonzalez was able to satisfy his own negative emotions of vindictiveness and revenge, leading to the malicious intent of committing arson as a crime.

To make things clear, it is important to understand the motives behind one’s actions, especially in arson, since this accounts for the mens rea. Sadly not a male body part, this latin phrase refers to the intentions behind the actions of the criminal, and in many cases define the crime it amounts to. When revenge is the reason, that is a malicious intent, thus counting, distinctly, as arson.

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CONCLUSION Arson is a crime, likely done out of spite or malice, and brings great harm to the society. What we can directly see are the surface impacts of arson, i.e. economic losses due to collapse or destruction of infrastructure, health impairment of victims and deaths, etc. However, can we truly understand the psychological effects of arson? To start off, psychological trauma will be caused to victims barely escaping the inferno, resulting in fear of strangers, subconscious terror of physical acts of damage, or possibly even getting paralysed in the face of a tiny spark of fire. Then, we have the immediate family or friends of victims of arson, having to worry day after day over their recovery as injuries by burning are difficult to cure by medical or surgical means, relying much on the patients’ will to live on. This induces stress and mental health deterioration in these people, constantly fretting over their dearests’ degrees of rejuvenation. In particular, parents or adults with close relations with child victims would develop a sense of self-unworthiness and failure due to the incapability to protect the children from danger, gradually falling into depression over time.

The list goes on and on, and it is impossible to put them all down in this article. Fire is a source of power in the world, being the spark of human life; but when it is utilised excessively for less than good intentions, it can bring massive harm and wreak havoc on the global village.

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The Case of Ted Bundy – a serial killer 3E Athena Yau, 3G Christy Ng, 4D Kyle Leung, 4G Joshua Liu

30 YEARS OF INCESSANT MURDER Don’t be stunned when hearing that a person stabbed ten innocent citizens to death, as Ted Bundy (being nicknamed “The Lady Killer”) was involved in at least 36 murders in his entire life! Of course, 36 is just the number of killings he admitted by himself, many people believe that the notorious serial killer known across the globe literally murdered more than 100 people, most of them being female teenagers, let alone other crimes (such as rape, vandalism, theft) that he had committed.

Ted Bundy was surprisingly a well-educated man. After graduating from the University of Washington, he worked as the assistant director on the Seattle Crime Prevention Advisory Commission - a job that pretty much contradicts with his monstrous identity. What’s more ironic about this cold-blooded 25

serial killer is that apparently he wrote a pamphlet on how to prevent women from being raped. Police believed that his killing spree had already kicked off long before he finished his studies and he was on their radar for a long time, but due to the lack of proof, the police didn’t arrest him.

Furthermore, Ted Bundy always planned and commit his murder meticulously. Even being caught multiple times, he always attempted to escape, and almost succeeded. In one instance when he visited a library without handcuffs as he claimed to do research for his defense in the court because he has a background of studying law, he jumped out out of a window and fled, only to be recaptured six days later due to a sprained ankle from the jump. We could see that his extensive law knowledge and peerless intelligence combined made him a thorn in the side of the police-- it was only by 1989 that his hideous crimes were put to an end as he was sentenced to death.

DEEP INTO TED BUNDY’S MIND Why had Ted Bundy committed these appalling crimes then? This is when psychology comes in handy.

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Family factor plays an important role in shaping Ted Bundy’s character. During his childhood and adolescence, it was reported that his grandfather has violent tendencies and often released those rages onto his grandmother. As children tend to imitate the behaviours of role models (in this case, family members), Ted Bundy’s violent tendencies, especially towards women, might stem from those of his grandfather.

Ted Bundy was an intelligent, handsome and charismatic man, but very insecure, according to the survivors of his assaults. This insecurity was primarily because of the inferior feelings he had then, which was caused by Bundy’s lack of wealth that he felt more and more because of being surrounded by his wealthy classmates. Later, he also admitted that he had no real friends, claiming that “I didn’t know what made people want to be friends. I didn’t know what underlay social interaction.”

The fear of humiliation is also another enormous driving factor.

Although women described Bundy as being charming, he was shy. A psychological evaluation revealed that he strongly depended on women and feared humiliation in his relationships with the opposite sex.

Given these reasons, it is arguable that Ted Bundy might wish to escape the feelings of being victimized than to fantasize about being all powerful and controlling his own destiny. In fact, Ted Bundy did have many of the characteristics of a classic sociopath. The components of Psychopathy include a grandiose 27

sense of self, pathological lying, conning-manipulative behaviours, lack of remorse, lack of empathy, and failure to accept responsibility. That’s why Bundy insisted on his innocence until death and used various tricks to delay the trial.

That also explains why he would fly into rages occasionally, and when faced with any rejection from his girlfriends, he would retaliate swiftly.

Imagine you are riding a roller coaster. Isn’t the feeling of excitement overwhelming? Similarly, Ted Bundy came to crave the euphoric adrenaline rush provided by stalking and capturing and killing his victims. The primary motive of thrill killers is to induce pain or terror in their victims prior to killing them which provides intense stimulation and excitement.

Although in one of his interviews Bundy blamed an addiction to pornography for being a spark of his killings, psychologist Al Carlisle saw that as too simplistic. He proposed that the ability to repeatedly kill developed through the evolution of three primary processes: • Fantasy – imagining scenarios for entertainment or selfcomfort.

• Dissociation – avoiding uncomfortable feelings and memories.

• Compartmentalization – relegating different ideas and images to specific mental frames and keeping boundaries between them.

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In Carlisle’s words, serial killers can present a public persona that appears to be “good” and nurture their dark side that allows murderous fantasies free reign. Because they have painful memories of abuse, disappointment, humiliation, frustration, or bullying, they have turned to fantasies to comfort themselves.

“They are even capable of developing an alternate identity that feels more powerful or provides greater status. Ted Bundy had detailed the hero fantasies which eventually turned into sexual possession,” the psychologist said.

It is believed that Bundy’s life grew boring, frustrating or disappointing and his fantasy life became more attractive. But the unrestricted fantasy possibly developed into an unquenchable addiction.

Carlisle concluded, “The mask of sanity let Bundy deflect others from discovering his secrets and carry on seeking new victims.

Some people say that it’s almost impossible to have both good and evil within the same mind. That’s why Bundy had to find a way to minimize the polarity between these two parts. What was wrong for Bundy as a child became acceptable as an early teen and then desirable when he was in his late teens. Bundy was the author of his own creation and he’s a good example of how an ordinary child can become a skilled, predatory killer.”

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MOULDING THE SOCIETY When we talk about serial killers, murder cases are inevitably iterated, not to mention those committed by Ted Bundy.

However, we often neglect the negative impacts done by them.

Most noticeably, survivors of rape and assault suffered from serious Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), “The biggest injustice is that Margaret and Lisa (close friends) had to die so violently, so young, It is very difficult to watch him die, and it hurts all the time.�

More significantly, there is a greater impact on the society - this one person has changed lives and people's views on the society tremendously. It opened up a whole new unwanted reality into people's lives. During the times Ted Bundy roamed the streets of USA, people were terrified to such an extent that they locked themselves in their homes, and would not go outdoors alone. The general public now has to think twice about who and what they can trust. Also, the University of Washington, where Ted Bundy was graduated, was seemingly a place that released perfect citizens into the world before, but now people aren't who we think they are or how they appear. Genuine interpersonal relationships were greatly undermined by then, followed by a sharp increase in distrust between people in the society.

The fact that Ted Bundy was influenced sizeably by pornography underscores the importance of early prevention, such as education, government legislation and law enforcement.

Pornography violence is not an inherited disease can reach out 30

to a individual of any family, and the negative impacts are farreaching. As said by our Lady of the Roses, Ted Bundy, "Mothers and fathers of the world, will you not protect the souls of your children? You must take action against those who are propagating the evil. Parents, have you examined what your children have been reading? Their eyes, which are the mirror of the soul, are being polluted—their souls being destroyed by the pornography being sold for profit and gain. Why is there no action, My children, to safeguard your children? Many parents will cry bitter tears of anguish, but too late, too late!"

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Upcoming Activities November – first discussion forum January – second issue of newsletter

HOPE TO SEE YOU THERE, STAY TUNED!

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spcc psych ec.

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