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Positivity Test UK and US adaptation

PT

Manual

Positivity Test

Gian Vittorio Caprara Guido Alessandri Patrizia Steca

Overview The Positivity Test is a self-report questionnaire for the assessment of positive attitude. It explores how people view themselves, their future, their life, and their general trust in others.

UK adaptation

Authors Gian Vittorio Caprara, Guido Alessandri and Patrizia Steca

Product description Positive thought, or positivity, can be described as a basic general tendency to approach everyday life with hope and trust. It has also been shown to be a successful predictor of professional success.

Positivity corresponds to a pervasive tendency in how people look at reality, which can have a profound effect on the way in which they assign significance and value to their existence in the world.

The Positivity Test assesses positivity by presenting a series of statements reflecting three positive constructs: •S elf-esteem captures the individual’s general opinion of their self-worth as a person.

•O ptimism captures individual expectations regarding the future.

•S atisfaction with life reflects the individual’s expression of a very general evaluation of their existence.

Each statement is rated on a scale ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree, thus providing an insight into the individual’s overall positivity. In definitive terms, self-esteem, optimism and life satisfaction are ‘global evaluations’ that have a pervasive influence on individual emotions, cognition and actions. All three constructs have also demonstrated correlations with a consistent number of indicators of good psychological adjustment or success in life and at work.

Application The Positivity Test is a useful tool for businesses, as evidence links positivity to job performance. It can also be used by clinical psychologists as a predictor for mood changes or disorders such as depression. Cross-cultural studies have shown that it is equally appropriate for people from different cultural backgrounds.

The test has two scales of measurement.

•T he Positive Orientation Scale evaluates orientation towards oneself, others and the future, resulting in a detailed profile of positivity. These three dimensions combine to give a score for Positive Orientation.

•T he Positivity Scale has been designed as a quick easy-to-use tool for measuring positivity directly. It evaluates people’s assessment of themselves, their future, their life and their general degree of trust in others, to provide a single, simple positivity score.

In addition, two validity scales improve the reliability of results by measuring heroic self-perception and moralistic self-perception, self-presentation strategies (or biases) that are well known in the field of social psychology.

Administration and duration The CRE-W is carried out online on the Hogrefe Testsystem (HTS 5) and takes 5–10 minutes to complete.

Scoring Online scoring guarantees accuracy and removes the need for manual scoring. As soon as the test has been completed, the results are available for viewing in HTS 5 and the narrative report can be downloaded and printed in pdf format.

The Positivity Test reports describe in detail how the test taker performed. They include an introduction, results section, profile sheet, scale details, item-level analysis and response statistics.

Test users can generate shorter reports by selecting just some of these sections.

Normative sample In 2018 data was collected matching the country census data for both the UK and US working populations. Final sample sizes were N = 855 from the UK and N = 825 from the US. The national census figures were used to match on gender, age, ethnicity, region and educational background.

Qualification and training for test use The BPS Test User Occupational: Personality (TUOP) qualification, or a master’s degree in psychology that includes training in personality assessments and/or psychometrics, is required to administer, interpret and feed back results for the CRE-W. If these qualifications are not held, Hogrefe offers support with test administration and interpretation.

Languages The Positivity Test is available in the following languages: • Dutch • Italian • UK English • US English

About Hogrefe Hogrefe Ltd is the UK arm of the Hogrefe Group, Europe’s leading publisher of psychometric assessments and psychology books and journals. We combine scientific pedigree with an ability to develop leading assessments.

Based in Oxford, Hogrefe Ltd has been developing and publishing psychometric tests and development solutions since 2003. Our success is built on ensuring that our assessments and training courses deliver comprehensive, cost-effective results.

This year the Hogrefe Group celebrates 70 years of providing high-quality assessment solutions to business, clinical, and educational professionals and organisations.

With almost 400 employees in publishing companies across Europe and North and South America, Hogrefe has published 2,500 books, 41 scientific and professional journals, and more than 2,000 psychometric assessments in a variety of languages.

Hogrefe Publishing Group Göttingen · Berne · Vienna · Oxford · Paris Boston · Amsterdam · Prague · Florence Copenhagen · Stockholm · Helsinki · Oslo Madrid · Barcelona · Seville · Bilbao Zaragoza · São Paulo · Lisbon www.hogrefe.com

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