Christopher Sjoberg - Themes and Variation

Themes and Variation Christopher Sjoberg M.Eng, Department of Architecture Obuchi Laboratory The University of Tokyo

Photo Š Hayato Wakabayashi

Professional Experience Mithun, Seattle

(June 2010 - August 2012)

2010-2012, Junior Designer, Digital Graphics and Digital Modeling • • •

Christopher Sjoberg Masters of Engineering, Architecture and Design Growing up in the United States as the son of a lawyer and a hat-maker, I at a young age developed both a passion for creative endeavors and an inventive, enthusiastic spirit for problem-solving. During my undergraduate studies at Montana State, I developed the graphic, analytical and scenario-planning skills fundamental to design. My graduate research centered on the synergy of urban, architectural and material performance through advanced strategies of digital design and fabrication.

Combined with my two years of professional experience working at the Seattle architectural practice, Mithun, it is my hope that I can further advance these skills while learning from and contributing to an experienced and passionate design team.

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3D Digital Modeling BIM Support and Updating Whole Building Energy Analysis

• • •

Urban BIM Modeling Urban Planning Spatial Analysis 3D Animations and Fly-throughs

• •

Digital Architectural Renderings Presentation Graphics Production

Mithun is a mid-sized, Seattle based architecture, landscape, and urban design office recognized in the US for their innovation and commitment in the area of sustainable design. As a member of the firm’s graphics team, my work was integral to the firm’s wining of a high-profile design competition and resulting design contract. My principle responsibilities included producing presentation quality documents, architectural renderings, diagrams, animations and digital fly-throughs, as well as the building of physical architectural models for fundraising and client presentation use. Other responsibilities included working closely with design teams to develop 3D BIM models for projects under development in addition to supporting Mithun’s efforts to develop city-wide digital models of Seattle, Dallas, Portland, and Minneapolis.

Education University of Tokyo

(2012-2014)

M.Eng, Dept. of Architecture, 2014 – University of Tokyo Fellow As a member of the Obuchi-Lab at the University of Tokyo, my masters education and thesis research centered on the intersection between parametric modeling, digital simulation, and the unique characteristics of plastics and plastic composites within the scope and application of tensegrity structures. Conducted as a team project, my particular research agenda focused heavily on the design, simulation and fabrication logic of a component based architecture, within both software and physical environments.

Montana State University - Bozeman

(2006-2010)

B.A. Environmental Design, 2010 – Top of Class University Honors Degree Program, 2010 – Highest Distinction The B.A. of Environmental Design degree is the four-year, undergraduate segment of the university’s 5-year, professional degree of architecture. My education constituted a broad range of topics related to fundamental studies in architecture and design, from theory and history, to structural and building systems courses, to design studios and graphical representation classes, both hand and digital.

Skills Technical

Creative

Digital Modeling: • Rhino3D + Grasshopper Parametric Tool • Autodesk Revit • Autodesk Green Building Studio (whole building energy modeling and analysis) • Autodesk Autocad Architecture • Google Sketchup • CityEngine GIS based meta-modeling • ArcGIS (basic proficiency)

• Exceptional Imagination, Brainstorming and Problem-Solving abilities: During the development the “99 Failures Pavilion”, my colleagues and I developed a specialized template for increasing precision and greatly enhancing efficiency during the pavilion’s fabrication period.

Graphic Design: • Adobe InDesign • Adobe Photoshop • Adobe Illustrator Visualization: • 3ds Studio Max w/VRay Rendering • Lumion3D (Real-time Fly-Throughs)

• Big Picture to Small Detail Thinking: The nature of architectural design requires that decisions be simultaneously evaluated across all stages and scales of a project’s development.

• Translating abstract concepts to concrete ideas: For the Tokyo Designer’s Week “Arigato Awards” competition, I took the feeling of secret admiration as the basis for a conceptual product design which allowed a person to discretely send a message of gratitude to complete stranger.

• Graphically-minded: Through both my professional and academic experience, I use my graphic sensibilities to clearly articulate concepts and ideas while imbuing the work, documents and presentations with a consistent identity and tone.

• Strong Verbal Communicator: Chosen by peers and superiors to speak as a student representative at both the “99 Failures Pavilion” Symposium as well as the G30 Wrap up Symposium • Strong research and analytical writing abilities.

• Strong observational drawing skills & precise physical model making skills.

• Musically-minded, having played the drums and practiced music since primary school.

Other: • Fluency in digital fabrication strategies and tools, such as laser cutters and 3D printers.

•

Conversational Spanish

Awards & Recognition • University of Tokyo Fellowship - Two-year merit based fellowship grant 2012-2014 • Montana State University Presidential Scholar - 4 year merit based scholarship - 2006-2010 • Tokyo Designers Week Arigato Awards Competition Finalist - 2011 • ARCC King Student Medal For Excellence in Architectural + Environmental Research - 2010 • Gutterson Memorial Architecture Travel Scholarship - 2009 • Integrus Architecture Scholarship for Scholarship and Leadership - 2008 • Pella Windows and Doors 2nd place Award for Design Excellence - 2008 3

Themes and Variation Christopher Sjoberg M.Eng, Department of Architecture The University of Tokyo

Academic Projects: 6

Pneumatic Tensegrity

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99 Failures Pavilion

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PolyCycle Arena

This

portfolio chronicles three major projects undertaken during my masters studies in the Obuchi Laboratory at the University of Tokyo. The first, Pneumatic Tensegrity, presents the initial formulation and thinking about material phenomena and its relationship to tensegrity systems and temporary structures, primarily though small scale physical prototyping. The second, the 99 Failures Pavilion, is the product of collaboration between Obuchi Lab students and staff, professional fabricators, and the Obayashi Corporation.

The pavilion advances many of the initial discoveries of tensegrity systems and deployable structures conducted

by Obuchi lab students, but at a larger scale and level of complexity. Finally, the PolyCycle Arena project serves as the culmination of thesis research by myself and research partner Shin Yeonsang, and speculates our previous investigations at an even larger scale as temporary stadium architecture for the Tokyo 2020 Olympics.

Taken together, these projects form the platform of research investigations into the synthesis of materiality, geometry, prototyping, digital simulations, structural analysis, assembly strategies, tool generation, construction, architecture and urbanism. While the topics of investigation remain constant, the unique requirements of each project demanded close scrutiny and intense development of strategies and methodologies to successfully realize design.

Finally, this portfolio concludes with a brief collection of professional and creative work.

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Professional & Creative Works

Material

Geometry

Material behaviors and physical characteristics form the starting point for the development of the tensegrity system. In the case of these projects, this centered on the lightweight and expansionary qualities of polystyrene plastics and foams.

Geometrical properties are inherently linked to a material’s performance and usability. Manipulating materials through digital fabrication processes allows new material properties to emerge, along with a range of design possibilities.

Prototyping

Simulation

Structure

Assembly

Tooling

Construction

Architecture

Urbanism

Physical prototyping is used to validate assumptions about design performance, develop assembly processes, refine digital simulations, and test the more promising design versions originating in the digital simulation environment.

Once basic physical characteristics and behaviors can be observed and categorized, either from a material or material system, digital simulations are created which allow a far greater range of forms and system arrangements to be evaluated.

The structural properties of these projects are evaluated by both simulated and physical methods. The goal of these analyses are more to provide design direction and to influence geometrical decision making than to validate stability.

As with all component-based designs, assembly procedures are critical to the viability of these three projects, each of which explore the use of inflation and expansion strategies to produce 3-dimensional components from surface materials.

While digital fabrication tools such as 3D printers and Laser cutters greatly aid in the assembly and fabrication process, it is often necessary to complement these tools with custom physical tools when multiple materials are used in unison.

Like the assembly stage, the construction stage seeks to use the strategy of 2D to 3D transformation, either through inflation, or controlled hoisting to allow components to be easily assembled flat on the ground before being raised into place.

Elevating a project to the complexity of ‘architecture,’ traditional design qualities are taken into account including visual patterning, material effect, programmatic function, scale, light and shadow, and physical presence in relation to the site.

Unifying all levels of research investigation, the project’s relation to the urban environment, frames both the physical flow of materials to the project, as well as the non-physical flow of labor, financial and political energies.

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Control Dimension 5.0cm

<-

---

- 5. 0 c m - ----

Bending Tests 5.0cm

>

Pneumatic Tensegrity October 2012 - March 2013 Christopher Sjoberg & Tong Shan

Tensegrity, the structural quality first defined

by Kenneth Snelson and Buckminster Fuller, exhibits the unique quality of continuous tension, discontinuous compression. This definition Fuller contends also describes inflatable structures in which the boundary membrane serves as the tensile constraint to the compressive interaction of air molecules within.

From this definition, the Pneumatic Tensegrity project developed from initial experimentation with inflated membranes, examining the nature by which an inflated form varies in relationship to its pattern of connective points. The system was then altered to provide greater structural capacity with the objective of producing a temporary canopy structure.

In the end, the Pneumatic Tensegrity project examined how inflatable structures could be made rigid after inflation. The focus was to use inflation as an assembly strategy, rather than in a structural role. This led to the idea of substituting the pressurized air with a compressive substance to act in its place, maintaining the object’s shape without the need for further energy input.

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7.5 cm 0°

(1.5x)

8.75 cm 0°

(1.75x)

10.0 cm 0°

(2.0x)

11.25 cm (2.25x) 25 °

Test Dimensions 1.5x - 3.5x control dimension @ 0.25x intervals

12.5 cm 43 °

(2.5x)

13.75 cm (2.75x) 67 °

15.0 cm 80 °

(3.0x)

16.25cm 96 °

(3.25x)

17.5cm 126 °

(3.5x)

Personal Research & Project Contribution: •

Development of digital tools for designing forms

•

Initial experiments of inflation systems

•

Development of digital simulations to test greater formal variation.

•

Development of button gathering system used to control formal

•

Development of air-substitution system.

deformations.

•

Final pavilion design, renderings and graphics.

with button system.

System Depth Increasing

Surface Subdivision and Point Creation

Surface Modeling

Proximity Extraction

Connective Tissue Critical Proximities

3-Dimensional Connective Tissue

Canopy Prototype

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8

Bottom to Top Ratio 1.2 :1

Bottom to Top Ratio 1.4 :1

Bottom to Top Ratio 1:1

Membrane Scaling Physical Tests

Membrane Scaling Digital Tests

Bottom to Top Ratio 1:1

Bottom to Top Ratio 1.2 :1

Bottom to Top Ratio 1.4 :1

Crescent Dome

Slender Dome_02

Slender Dome_01 Size: Volume: Surface A.:

40 m x 60m x 17 m 13078m ³ 5875m ²

Size: Volume: Surface A.:

45 m x 60m x 12m 7,824m ³ 6,371m ²

Size: Volume: Surface A.:

45 m x 40m x 18m 9,800m ³ 5,700m ²

Connection Points: Simulation Face Count:

77 8000

Connection Points: Simulation Face Count:

150 15,000

Connection Points: Simulation Face Count:

150 15,000

Top Profile

Side Profile and Connecting lines (Green)

Topside Rendering

Top Profile

Top Profile

Side Profile and Connecting lines (Green)

Side Profile and Connecting lines (Green)

Topside Rendering

Topside Rendering

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Button and Tether Membrane Connection System To connect top and bottom membranes, a button and tether system was developed to satisfy both the need for a strong mechanical connection between the membrane layers with adjustable string depth and to prevent puncturing the membrane material thus jeopardizing the inflatability of the system.

Material gathering in one direction

Material gathering in both directions

This diagram shows how button shape contributes to the directionality of material gathering. Round buttons gather material from all sides, while elliptical buttons gather material primarily along their long axis.

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Air Substitution + Shrink Film Ultimately, a system of air substitution using small polystyrene pellets, contained within a shrink film membrane was explored. The polystyrene pellets are light enough to be easily carried by a current of air, while the shrink film provides a means to provide post tension to the system, effectively locking the pellets into place under compressive force, and allowing the unit to function as a monolithic form.

Air

Pipe 1

HEAT After Heating

Pipe 2 Pellets bag

Formal Membrane

Air is blown into the pellet bag, in turn, blowing pellets into the Formal Membrane, inflating the structure and filling it with polystyrene.

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Physical Mock-up A physical mock-up was created to test the capacity of the system, both in terms of the form making abilities of the button and tether strategy, and of the Styrofoamshrink film structure. The prototype represents a cross section of the proposed pavilion which can demonstrate the circular, overhead feature of the form. The mock-up contains roughly 1.5 cubic meters of Styrofoam pellets and twenty square meters of shrink film. While the final constructed form was considerably less graceful than its target form, the prototype demonstrated a successful proof of concept of the structural capacity of the system.

Ultimately, this pneumatic tensegrity project and research establishes the methodology of investigations and development for the Polyâ&#x2C6;&#x2122;Cycle Arena Project and research into the X-shaped component, surface tensegrity system, from observing the effects of small physical and structural properties, to extrapolating those potentials through digital design, simulation and fabrication strategies into larger architectural systems.

Constrained by the buttons, the formâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s surface develops smooth, pillow-like features.

Sectional segment of pavilion demonstrating the structural capacity of the Polystyrene Air-Substitution System.

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Pavilion Form & Design Seeking to derive form from the unique ability of the button connection system to gather material, while avoiding excessive tailoring, this pavilion begins as an inflated cylindrical tube which is then bent into a cocoon like form. The lengths of connection cords regulates the thickness of the system, which reflects the structural tendencies of the form acting primarily in compression. Additionally, by controlling the thickness of the system, it is also possible to regulate the amount of diffuse light infiltration into the space. While the current application of styrene filler currently does not offer visual transparency, the material exhibits the capacity for subtle gradation of light which reinforces the cocoon-like nature of this structure. Just as the button connection system gathers the membrane material around it, and as the styrene pellets work in aggregate to produce a new structural for, the pavilion itself may gather its users in soft isolation.

Unrolled membrane surface with corresponding attachment buttons and placement.

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99 Failures Pavilion

June 2013 - December 2013 Obuchi Lab students and staff, Obayashi Corp., Tsukasa Takenaka

The 99 Failures Pavilion was a collaborative project conducted by students and staff of the Obuchi Laboratory, professional fabricators, and the Obayashi Corporation which offered logistical and financial support. The pavilion’s main shape and structural logic emerged from prior investigations of fellow students, yet the challenges presented in developing, assembling and constructing the roughly two-ton pavilion offered immense variety of research topics.

Constructed of 225 stainless steel components, suspended from one-another via steel cables forming an augmented, half-torus-like form, the pavilion cantilevers inwards from an exterior anchored base ring, to shelter two elongated bench structures. Each component, unique in its shape and profile, is constructed of three layers of robotically cut and welded stainless steel sheets. As thin sheets do not provide the compressive stiffness necessary to carry the load, each component is hydraulically inflated, inducing the shapes into 3-dimiensions and preventing the components from buckling much as how folds in a paper provide stiffness along the crease.

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Photography © Hayato Wakabayashi

Personal Research & Project Contribution: • • •

Student Manager: Coordinate working schedules and tasks of 10 students to meet fabrication and assembly deadlines Coordinate development with Lab Staff Grasshopper Definition development for Fabrication Details

• •

Develop system for producing tensile cables easily and precisely from digitally fabricated templates Assist with post-construction repairs, cataloging damage and analyzing results.

Tensegrity Research Structural Logic

Tension Compression

99 Failures Pavilion, Component Surface Tensegrity Diagram 15

Tensegrity Research

Digital Simulation and Geometry Design

Design Tool Development

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Digital Representation of Pavilion within the Rhino-Grasshopper Modeling Software

Grasshopper Script for Pavilion Generation

Grasshopper Script for Component Generation

Tensegrity Research Cable Assembly and Tool Generation

While component fabrication was completed in an industrial facility, the connective tensile cables were required to be assembled by Obuchi Lab students in-house. The challenge of achieving the necessary strength while maintaining adequate precision was overcome by the creation of full scale, laser-cut templates which accurately hold each bolt in its unique position, derived from the digital model, while holding in place the abutting crimp pieces which lock the bolts into place along the cables.

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1:3 Assembly Procedure Simulations

Pavilion lifted from six critical hoist points, which induce the form into its proper curvature when lifted by a crane.

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Final On-site Assembly Procedures

Two rigs were used to inflate the components. Components were first anchored to the rig to ensure symmetrical inflation, then water was injected into the form. Finally two drainage holes were drilled in the surface, and the components were removed

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Photography Š Hayato Wakabayashi

Less Bending – More Bending

Analysis of component bending. (Extrusion distances correspond to color gradient and are for visualization purposes only).

Photography © Hayato Wakabayashi 15

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12

11

10

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Bending Visualization 9

8

7

17 18

6

5 4

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Post-Construction Analysis

Post-Construction Bending Analysis

3

20

2

21 1 22

29 23

0

28 24

25

26

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Corner Reinforcement Cross Reinforcement

Comparison to component bending observed on actual pavilion with overlay of corrective measures taken to ensure structural integrity

Photography © Hayato Wakabayashi

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North Canopy

35m

60m

Shells: 9 Surface Area: 1940 m2 Material Volume: 188 m3 Compressed Volume: 6 m3 Material Mass: 6600 Kg

50m

PolyCycle Arena

100m

April 2013 - August 2014 Christopher Sjoberg & Yeonsang Shin

The PolyCycle Arena project represents the culmination of research into temporary, tensegrity architecture during my two years at The University of Tokyo. Taking the form of two solar canopies for the spectator seating zones for a BMX Cycling Arena, the project frames the knowledge gained in prior projects within the intense urban setting of Tokyo during the 2020 Olympics. The project borrows the structural, component logic of the 99 Failures Pavilion, but examines the use of polystyrene, rather than stainless steel, as a primary material driver.

Critical to the understanding of this research and the development of the PolyCycle Arena project, is the phenomena of material and formal phase change, both as a physical effect and conceptual framework. Under this framework, the project seeks to unify the realms of materiality, geometry, fabrication, assembly and construction within the resource flows of the city. The final result is an Olympic canopy which can materialize and de-materialize through an intense redirection and acceleration of matter and energy already present in the city.

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30m

100m

South Canopy Shells: 15 Surface Area: 2950 m2 Material Volume: 392 m3 Compressed Volume: 13 m3 Material Mass: 13700 Kg

Personal Research & Project Contribution: • • • •

Grasshopper Modeling of Tensegrity Logic Cable Branching Studies and Development 2D to 3D Construction Strategy Studies Digital Design tool for Form Generation

• • • •

Pattern & Form Tensegrity Testing Surface Compounding Studies Structural Membrane Studies Force Visualization Analysis

• • •

Pavilion Bending Analysis Architectural Scale Renderings and Graphics Urban Flow Diagrams and Narrative

Tensegrity Development

Combining the concept of Polystyrene form packing from the Pneumatic Tensegrity project with the X-shaped component, structural logic of the 99 Failures pavilion, the PolyCycle Arena project seeks to merge the benefits of both investigations to produce a lightweight architecture, which can be more easily formed and assembled with limited digital fabrication tools.

Structural System from the 99 Failures Pavilion

COMPONENT past Geometry + new Material

Research needed to develop Polystyrene Components of adequate structural capacity

SURFACE SHELLS TENSEGRITY SYSTEM

Air Substitute System Polystyrene form packing

POLY∙CYCLE ARENA Material Diversion Point

COMPONENT

CH

CH CH2

Material Intensities

Utilizing polystyrene, a ubiquitous urban plastic which demonstrates the ability to expand up to 50 times in volume, new architectural potentials are created, through a diversion of this existing material cycle into an enhanced material flow.

This research examines how through a distinct set of computational design, digital fabrication, and physical prototyping processes, polystyrene’s cyclical transformation from molecule to architectural form and back to molecule can be captured, to alter the relationship of this material to the city.

BEADS

DROPPLETS

MIRCO DROPPLETS

ARCHITECTURAL EXPANSION CYCLE

PS FOAM

URBAN EXPANSION CYCLE

CH CH2

CH CH2

CH CH2

ARCHITECTURAL FORM

PRODUCTS

SURFACE SHELLS PARTICLES POLYSTYRENE MOLECULE HYDROCARBONS

MIRCO-PARTICLES

COMPONENT

TENSEGRITY SYSTEM

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South Canopy

16m 24

South Canopy

North Canopy

Research Statement:

This team research and associated PolyCycle Arena project aims to investigate and respond to current urban and construction challenges facing Japan, through a novel re-networking of formal, material, structural, and socio-economic criteria.

To do so, the PolyCycle Arena project operates within the intense urban conditions and limited duration of the 2020 Tokyo Olympics.

Support and Envelope

Ultimately, this project seeks to serve both as an architectural prototype, which delivers unique visual and spatial qualities, efficiencies through digital fabrication, and non-traditional construction strategies for temporary architecture, and as an urban prototype, which re-networks the flow of building materials, creating new life-cycle processes within the context of the city.

Tsukiji Market Polystyrene Processing Facility

Local Site Diagram

Volleyball Arena Site

Tsukiji Market

BMX Arena Site

TOKYO BAY

POLY-CYCLE ARENA

TOKYO BAY

~5km

Gymnastics Arena Site

POLY∙CYCLE ARENA CH2 CH

CH2 CH

CH2 CH

CH2 CH

CH

POLYCYCLE ARENA

POLYCYCLE ARENA

Ariake Tennis Nomori Station

Velodrome Arena Site

POLY∙CYCLE ARENA BMX Venue

CH

CH CH2

CH CH2

CH CH2

CH CH2

ODAIBA

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Initial Tensegrity System Research Component Pattern Analysis

Initial partitioning of base edge for the establishment of cables.

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Basic Vault for Digital Simulations in Rhino/Grasshopper

Component frame is constructed for simulating rigidity of component panel.

Cables constructed according to desired catenary curve parameter.

Mesh constructed to visualize components and establish surface area.

Cable lengths divide to establish component connection locations.

Kangaroo gravity nodes applied at mesh verticies to apply force proportional to area.

-0.9

0.0

0.9

1.0

Example Experiment: Component Length Factor Testing

The component length factor is a parameter which determines the proportional spacing of components within the row. A larger component length factor, elongates the components, reducing the distance one to the next proportionally to its length. Not only does the Component Length Factor affect the structural stiffness of the system, it also affects the visual opacity of the system. The closer together components of a row are attached from one another, the smaller the visual space between the two, rendering the surface more solid in appearance. This relationship between structural logic and visual quality offers a great potential to architectural design.

x x

x x

x x

1.15

1.25

Example Experiment: Corrugation Factor Testing

The Corrugation Factor Test sought to observe the effects of scaling, in an alternating pattern, the geometry of the tension cables relative to the vault width. This procedure creates a corrugation in the vault surface, similar to corrugated steel pipe, and affects the stiffness of the vault along the direction of corrugation. The degree of scaling was tested incrementally from original size (scale factor 1.0) to a maximum of 130% of the original size (scale factor 1.3). This range was tested under three Vault Height Factors of 1.1, 1.3, and 2.0. The results were then compared along four unique criteria: Maximum Gravitational Load (area dependent), Maximum Gravitational Factor (applied force), Deflection in meters, and Total Component Surface Area.

x x

x x

Component Length Factor (-)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

Component Length Factor (0)

x

x x

x x

x x

x x

Component Length Factor (+) Component Cable

Component Overlap (visual opacity)

x

Cable/Component Connection Point

Three conditions of component length factor are shown, denoting the component attachment points along the cable and its effect on the visual opacity of the system.

Pivot axis

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Initial Tensegrity System Research Surface Compounding

Shape Studies Evolute and RFR Engineers.

B

A

C

Structurally Unstable

B

A

Merged Toruses

C

Structurally Stable

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Canopy Location Scenarios

This form is divided into three distinct UV surfaces, each compatible with the X-shaped component surface tensegrity system.

(Pottmann 2010)

Component Ordering Strategies

Odd and Even component columns

ODD and EVEN Component Columns

Non-standard Component Size E

O

Conflict

E

O

E

Standardized Component Size O

E

O

E

O

E

O

E

O

Ordering Strategies

E

O

Natural branching of Fan Coral

E

O E

E

O

E

O

E

Single Location Splitting

Conflict point

O

E

O

E

Single Location Splitting Double Columns

Component

Key component

O

E

O

Double Location Splitting Consecutive Columns

Odd row

Even row

E

Component Branching Sequence image source: [Untitled photographs of fan coral] Retrieved April 25, 2014, from: http://underwaterescapades.files.wordpress.com/2011/11/gorgeous-pink-fan-coral-diving-in-the-maldives.jpg?w=949

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Project Research and Development

Geometry Form-Finding in Digital Environment

Formal Design Tool Development

Design Tool Logic Progression

X

X

X

7. Elongate shells from central axis of arcs.

8. Rotate shells to smooth transition from ends.

X

1. Interpolate arc on Input Curve (red dash).

2. Adjust number of arc segments (shells).

9. Raise top edge by minimum height factor.

10. Add additional height parameter for overlapping of shells.

3. Adjust arc spacing, influences shell size.

4. Extend end arc lengths, rotates end shells.

11. Rotate shell tips downwards: small amount for front, large amount for rear.

12. Rotate entire top edge about input line.

5. Adjust top arc tangency at inflection 30 points (prepares for offset).

6. Offset top arcs from center point by scale factor or factors for front and back shells.

13. Rotate front base edges upwards to allow 14. Adjust number of arc segments (shells). circulation through the surface.

Single Shell 2D to 3D Construction Strategy Verification 1

2 9

10

3

4 11

12

5

6 13

14

7 8 15 16

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Project Research and Development Formal Design Tool Development

After Simulation

Without Structural Membrane

With Structural Membrane

Structural Membrane Comparative Simulations

Structural membrane Comparative Simulations

Before Simulation

Components Tension Cables Structural Membrane Foundation Base Rings

Poly­­­∙Cycle Arena South Canopy detail with yellow tangency lines for membrane curvature visualization.

Membrane Base Ring 1

Membrane Base Ring 2

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With Structural Membrane

Rain Collection Points

Project Research and Development Analysis

Force Intensity Tension

Compression

Force Visualization

Components develop unique force distributions based on their location within the system.

Components with the largest compressive loads generally occur at the canopy edges, and along branching component rows.

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Fabrication and Assembly

Simulated Force & Responsive Geometry (research by partner Yeongsang Shin)

Force Visualization

Force Intensity Tension

Force Intensity Compression

This enlargement clearly shows how components experience unique compressive loads where rows diverge.

Tension

Compression

Edge Profile Structural Response Parameter to Control the Width of Component

Force Visualization

Asymmetrical Loading Less

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More

Thinner

Thicker

Thickness Control Rod Parameter

1.

Heat is applied to the component within the pressure cooker.

2.

After 3 minutes of heating, steam is produced and the Polystyrene beads begin to be expand.

Membrane Connection Thickness Control Rod

3.

Cable Connection Inner Frame

After cooling, the polystyrene foam solidifies and the final component is produced.

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The final canopy design was evaluated through a 1:15 scale sectional model, which verified the structural logic of the formâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s tensegrity system, while offering a more intuitive understanding of the spacial relationship of the canopy to the seating below.

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Professional & Creative Works

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Environmental Learning Village

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Chatham University Campus

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Factory Master-Planning

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Harvest Power Master-Planning

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Prominent Family Offices

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â&#x20AC;&#x153;Watershed Chandelierâ&#x20AC;?

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Stone Arch Project, 2008

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Hand Drawing

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Photography

The Environmental Learning Village, located in New Orleans City Park, is a 92,000sf facility housing the Louisiana Children’s Museum, a nature center, centers for literacy, parenting and early childhood research, and childcare activities within three, interconnected buildings. The project seeks to fill the gap in community services incurred by the devastation of Hurricane Katrina, and to reconnect the city’s children with the natural environment in a positive and non-threatening manner. The ELV does so by circulating visitors on a path through unique and endangered micro-environments of New Orleans from a lagoon, to a forest of native bamboo, to groves of Live Oak trees. Through uniting family enrichment activities with natural education programs, the ELV provides a powerful mechanism to promote relationships and quality of life.

Environmental Learning Village New Orleans, Louisiana

Responsibilities: BIM Modeling, Schematic Drawing Set, Physical Modeling, Flood Level Analysis, Sectional Studies, Program Analysis, Renderings

Client Type: Scope: Program:

Size:

Non-Profit Architecture and landscape Children’s museum; centers for literacy, parenting and early- childhood research; nature center 92,000sf (8550sm)

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West Elevation

North-South Section

South 40 Elevation

Site Plan

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     

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  

 

   

Program

 

     

      

Site

  

   

 

 

 

 

  

  

  

 

 

  

   

   

  

 

 

   

 

 



 

  

 

      

   

   

 

40

80

      

  

    

20



 

 



 

   

 

 

 

    

Systems

   

 

0

n

   

 

 

First Floor

 

 

 

 



Appendix

 



Quis atumsandrero od dunt adit ullutem aliscipit praessi.

Pisi te cons atie magniate tio cons nit adiam, suscil ipit at iure tiscil utpatie tio odionse ndreetCerfenate, consilin Ita noverum orae consulabus, ut verfex sis cons iam in tem moricaverei iniu que vit C. Suppl.

Fuidem iam praelum et fortude mquideo hocre peret nox ma, oc, ina, unum essum ma, tra qua tatum, tem terfes lis audes larimil icatimmo mus, clum hil te, quemora nos con sa quam ors inam, nihil hoctanum factu vatquis am. Inum ta, C. Ox nostempotis fic re catictorum orum det; nos nos bonscrei speri pre con tatus ceratimpli, nique poratuidest ati fir aucideret;



  

Illustrations

 

 



Early Learning Village New Orleans, Louisiana

Schematic Design 09.07.2010

Plans

    



 

 

Elevations

 



Sections

 

       

  

Intro



  

Sustainability

  



Waggonner & Ball Architects

41

31

Orchard E6-F1

E5 F4

E6

Field Lab

Hoop House F3

W1

E7-E8-E9-E10-F2-W3

W5

T1 E4

T2

F1

T3

Dining Hall

W5

(Future)

E1

E12 W4

CafĂŠ & Library E7-E8-E9-E10-W3

W5

W1

EcoCenter

E2

Classrooms

E7-E8-E9-E10-E11-W3-W6 E2

Energy E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 E9 E10 E11 E12

Energy loop Rooftop solar PV Rooftop solar thermal Solar canopy using bi-facial panels Compost heat recovery Geothermal arrays Radiant floor heating Mixed mode ventilation High efficiency mech w/ heat recovery High efficiency lighting Real time energy monitoring display Energy Positive Campus

Food F1 F2 F3 F4

Food growing in mosaic field & orchard Fish growing in Aquaculture lab Nutrient recycling Soil building from composting

W2

W1

(Future)

W5

Amphitheatre

E2

Water W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6

Rainwater collection Water recycling Water conserving fixtures Water conserving landscape Stormwater managed on site w/ raingardens Real time water monitoring display

W5 W5

Transportation T1 T2 T3

Shuttle Bus from Campus and from Pittsburgh Electric carts for campus maintenance Bicycle sharing program

Building Ratings

Existing Farmhouse

LEED Platinum (min)

Chatham University Campus Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 42

E3

W5

Responsibilities: BIM Modeling, Site Modeling, Landscape BIM Coordination, Sectional Studies, Digital Modeling, Renderings

Client Type: University Scope: Architecture, interiors, and landscape Program: Classrooms, laboratories, cafe, library, gardens, student housing, amphitheater Floor Area: 110,000 sf (10,200 sm) Landscape Area: 30 acres (phase 1)

Seasonal Landscape Studies Section South-North

Winter

Spring

Summer

Autumn

Situated on a farm constructed in the early 1900s, the Chatham University Eden Hall campus seeks to be the first university campus designed from the ground up with advanced sustainability strategies including net zero energy, LEED Platinum, Living Building and Passive House certifications on various buildings, and cutting-edge site design strategies such as composting toilets, raingardens, constructed wetlands, geo-exchange systems, food production and aquaculture systems. The architectural scope included a multi-use assembly hall, gallery space, classrooms and offices, housing for up to 100 students, a cafe and library; and laboratories with water treatment facilities and aquaculture systems.

43

Tasks: BIM Modeling, Scenario Modeling, Parking Analysis, Setback Analysis, Realtime Fly-throughs, Renderings

Factory Master-Planning Seattle, Washington 44

Responsibilities: BIM Modeling, Scenario Modeling, Parking Analysis, Setback Analysis, Real-time Fly-throughs, Renderings

Client Type: Private Industry Scope: Facility Master-planning Program: Parking, pedestrian passage, vehicular flow, storm water run-off strategies Site Area: 150 acres

Harvest Power Master-Planning Seattle, Washington

Responsibilities: Vehicle Movement Analysis, Site Access Analysis, BIM Modeling, Digital Modeling, Renderings

Client Type: Private-Public Partnership Scope: Waste to energy facility site master-planning Site Area: 110,000 sf (10,200 sm) 45

Prominent Family Offices Dallas, Texas 46

Tasks: BIM Modeling, Urban Modeling, Digital Modeling, Real-time Fly-throughs, Renderings

Client Type: Private, Competition Scope: Architecture, Interiors and Landscape Program: Offices, Event space, gallery space, archives, parking Floor Area: 150,000 sf (14,000 sm) Site Area: 30 acres (phase 1)

“Watershed Chandelier”

Coeur d’Alene Tribe Resort, Idaho

Responsibilities: LED Lighting Placement Design, Digital Modeling, Renderings

Client Type: Tribal Scope: Interior Installation Concept: Evoke the Lake Coeur d’Alene Watershed through tubing and LED’s representing the topography and flow of streams and rivers towards the lake.

Size: ~15x20 ft

47

Stone Arch Project, 2008 Willow Creek, Montana 48

Academic Project completed with design partner Michael Spencer

49

Hand Drawing Academic

Hand Drawing Academic 50

From Left to Right: (5) Italy, Ink on paper, 2009. (2) Bozeman, Mt, Ink and Watercolor 2007. Minneapolis, MN, Ink on paper, 2005.

Unknown, Pencil on paper, 2005.

51

Photography Travel 52

From Left to Right: Olympic grounds, Athens; Art Museum, Denver, CO; Holocaust Museum, Berlin; Milwaukee Museum of Art, Milwaukee, WI; Velodrome, Athens.

53

Christopher Sjoberg sjoberg.cr (at) gmail.com +81 50 3136 0636 Hills E 301 5-21-8 Koishikawa Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 112-0002 54