“The Architecture is no longer the play of masses in light. It now embraces the play of digital information in space�. E-topia: William J. Mitchell,1999, MIT Press.
C h r i s t o s G o u r d o u k i s is an architect and researcher, currently based in Athens, Greece. He graduated from the School of Architecture of the National Technical University of Athens in 2013 with the project ODC, a research on alternative design models, and the interactions between participatory processes and open digital platforms. During his studies, he worked on the notions of systems, networks, fields and hierarchies, as means to deal with the complexity of the city. His research interests involve the exploration of interdisciplinary design processes, incorporating stimuli from other fields, and man-machine interactions. He is constantly trying to extend our perception of architecture through design and computation and is always open to collaborations towards that intent.
CV
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christos gourdoukis
+ CONTACT Address
Ag. Marinas 70, Anthoupoli- Athens Greece
Telephone
+031 0 210 5782328 +031 0 6938657973
Christos.gmp@gmail.com
+ EXPERIENCES January 2014 -
Reactivate Athens -101 Ideas, URBAN THINK-TANK, Athens Greece
2012-2013
Research Group at object-e architecture, Thessaloniki Greece
Summer 2011
Sen(se -Re)sponsive Architecture Workshop at TUC Chania, Greece
Summer 2010
Intern at Axi:Ome Architecture, St Louis, MO , USA
2004-2006 (part time)
Graphic designer at Politis tis Parou Newspaper, Paros, Greece
+ EDUCATION 2006 - 2013
Faculty of Architecture at National Technical University of Athens
2011
Erasmus Student at HafenCity Universität Hamburg (HCU)
+ LANGUAGES Mother tongue
Greek
Foreign languages
English (fluent) German (intermediate)
+ PROFESSIONAL SKILLS Expertise
Autocad, Rhino, Grasshoper, V-Ray, Adobe Photoshop, Illustrator, InDesign, Corel,
Intermediate
Scripting (processing, maxscript, python) , Arduino
+ AWARDS | Publications Koum Kapi Competion - 2nd Prize X4 Athens – shortlisted Lunar Competitions Suckerpunch- shortlisted Incheon Competition – Winning piece “Open Design Continuum (ODC)” at Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments, Volume 17: Workshop Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Intelligent Environments , volume 17 of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments, page 744-751. IOS Press, (2013)
[P01] Open Design Continuum
OpenDesignContinuum is a research project carried out in the context of our diploma thesis at the School of Architecture, N.T.U.A. It is a digital platform for the emergence of a collective design process. In particular, research focuses on the formation of a network of spaces, sited at the Municipality of Athens that will contribute to the activation of public space and its transformation to a receptor of social collective expressions. Therefore, there is an attempt to orchestrate a design model that encourages citizens to participate in it. In other words, a process of design, construction and management of a network of sites capable of hosting and promoting social events is promoted by the ODC platform. In this direction, necessary and sufficient condition is the involvement of citizens in all phases of the design process.
Diploma Project at school of architecture NTUA Supervising Professor: Dimitris Papalexopoulos Project Title: Open Design Continuum (ODC) Project Team: Christos Gourdoukis, Spyros Efthymiou, Tools Used: Rhino, 3ds Max, Processing, Stacey, drupal, html, Grasshoper, Photoshop, Illustrator, Physical Modelling, Autocad, Date : January 2012 - February 2013 Notes: http://iktinos3.arch.ntua.gr/odc/ Publication at the 9th International Conference on Intelligent Environments , volume 17 of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments, page 744-751. IOS Press, (2013)
[P01]_Network
The general model of design proposed above, needs to be addressed to a more specific subject for the continuation of this research and towards reaching its goal, that of interacting with users interested in the design process. The subject we decided to work with, is the city of Athens, because a subject as broad and complex as this, would unravel the obstacles of such an approach to the greatest extent, whereas at the same time, the notion of participatory processes regarding public space is considered of great importance. In particular, a network of constructions-spaces located in the municipality of Athens is proposed and addressed to all its citizens.
[P01]_Network [P01]_Network
[P01]_Nodes
[P01]_Node
We tried to organize a different model of design, with particular emphasis on the participation of users in the design process and the element of time. An “open collective model” with a design approach of complex hierarchy, as will be described later on. We refer to this model, using terms from General Systems Theory of von Bertalanffy. Thus, we imagine the design process as an open dynamic system. Man as an element -user- of the broader system, required to interact with it. The process which includes user in the decision-making, addresses the property of citizen -πολίτης-, thus emphasizing the political characteristics of design. As a result, the insertion of the human element not only as a variable, but also as a sufficient condition to alter the process -open design- causes the system not only to increase its complexity, but also to surpass the predictability of the design outcome. This raises further questions, such as the representation of the unplanned and the unpredictable, to which we will return later on.
Besides the participation of users in the design process, we stated that the main axis of this model is time. In particular we examined three aspects of time: duration, succession and synchrony. These will help us in the organization of the design model. Succession refers to a linear view of time, associated with the process of implementing an architectural object. The notion of duration is applied to the timeframe given to each step involved in the architectural process. Synchrony refers to aspects of architectural design and the interactions between architects and people that participate in the design process that may occur in parallel.
Before we describe the system at the city-network scale, we need to clarify the function of each space-node. These nodes aim at activating the potential of the city -human and urban- to address its problems. We could summarize the use of these units as spaces housing collectives. Collectives though, not in terms of closed groups with prescribed goals. On the contrary, recipients of this project are all residents of the municipality of Athens interested in their city. Collectives formed from the common definition of problems that they recognize in their city. The structuresnodes that form the larger network act therefore, as catalysts of social relations, thereby obtaining dual role` both to house and to produce these collectives.
[P01]_Location
The function-behavior takes place around the circle` information / awareness / participation. The units will consist of a framework of certain uses necessary for the operation of the node, and other uses that might arise in the course of the (co) design with the participants. The first stage of the process acts mainly as data collection through the use of questionnaires. The information about the program proposed is turned into an ontology of different uses and spaces within the node. Uses are primarily categorized into two categories. The first is a fixed frame of uses which will include ancillary areas, electrical / mechanical installations, and one (or more) space (s) able to accommodate many different uses (screenings, performances, lectures, seminars, debates, etc.). The second is a variety of uses proposed in the first stage. The third stage of program is about setting the range of the different uses that can actually be covered by the particular node, as well as setting groups of compatible uses.
[P01]_Program
The site OpenDesignContinuum (http://iktinos3.arch.ntua.gr/odc/ ) is the orchestrator of the overall system. The digital does not replace the real, it only complements it. The role of the digital platform is summarized in the following two functions. Firstly, it is the means for the realization of collaborative planning. Secondly, it provides the operational context of the overall network, communication between nodes, but also the organization of the behavior of each node separately. These two functions can be separated on the basis of the temporal evolution in the design of each node. Specifically, the boundary point is the time of construction-implementationof each node. Design naturally precedes construction, but does not stop at that stage. Rather, we assume a digital continuum that progresses upon the completion of construction and the management of the stucture by the participants involved in it. These two functions at the network level may be performed in parallel as a node can be still at the planning stage, while others may have already been completed.
[P01]_Synthesis
http://iktinos3.arch.ntua.gr/odc/
The three aspects of time: duration, succession and synchrony were put into use through the development of an internet site. OpenDesignContinuum (http://iktinos3.arch. ntua.gr/odc/ ) was developed after numerous attempts over the course of the diploma project, using drupal as well as html language. The design of the site, was in fact a way to explore and design the interface between users and the architectural team. In the meantime, our design intentions were altered towards a more low budget and user-centered design proposal for the pilot node proposed.
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[P01]_12.06.2014
[P01]_21.09.2021
[P01]_04.12.2015
As already mentioned, spaces as a whole are considered as a network. Networks refer to correlations of entities -material or immaterial-, and are characterized by a set of nodes and the connections between them. The abstract approach of networks, allows us to overcome the limitation of scale and place. This allows the study of heterogeneous elements, regardless of their spatial arrangement. All social sites under the banner of ODC, need to have certain more characteristics for them to work as a network. Specifically, we refer to the links between nodes-spaces. These links are performed through Internet technologies (eg video conferencing). This feature leads to the consideration of all nodes as a distributed network. The inherent extendability of the network allows the overcoming of locality and the limited radius of influence of each nodespace. A set of sites may deal that way with problems of hyper local character.
The development of an o n to lo g y, supports a systemic approach of architecture and creating an architectural vocabulary that enables collaboration and interaction between the architecture team and other disciplines as well as with the people involved in the design process. At the same time, it is also the expression of architectural expertise in the construction phase. Moving towards a direction of o b j ec t ifica t io n of design and architecture driven away from the paternalism of the architect. Creating an ontology in the design, can help improve individual parts, or add new ones, placing them in a broader, shared framework.
[P02] KOUM KAPI SEAFRONT
Firm: object-e architecure Project Title: Koum Kapi Seafront Project Team: Christos Gourdoukis, Eleanna Panagoulia, Nefeli Charchari, Garyfallos Papadopoulos Tools Used: 3ds Max, (maxscript), Illustrator
Rhino, Grasshoper, PackRat, Photoshop,
Date : August - October 2013 Notes: http://object-e.net/ 2nd prize at Koum Kapi Competition
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[P02]_circulation
[P02]_event space
[P02]_vegetation
[P02]_program
[P02]_Intentions Aim of the proposed intervention is the design of a public space that will be able to address both the local (at the scale of the neighborhood) and the c i t y le ve l. The proposal is organized through the subdivision of the ground plane, that follows an approach that departs from what we usually expect in similar situations, that is, linear tracings along the seaside that are defining zones of different movements and activities. Instead the ground plane is subdivided in rectangular shapes of different sizes and materiality. The subdivision is controlled through a packing algorithm. The maximum and minimum size of the packing process is altered locally according to the different events that each area will host. The result is a pat c hw or k of sizes and materials, that apart from its main organizational properties it also functions as a reference to both the nature of the Koum Kapi area as a patchwork of diverse elements and to patterns that can be found throughout the city of Chania (for example the masonry of the city’s walls). The size of the rectangulars range from a few centimeters to 10 meters, allowing this way for a large variation. Along this patchwork various ‘spacial events‘, of larger or smaller scale, are taking place that are usually signified with the presence of the larger rectangular shapes. The patchwork functions more like a fi e ld , whose elements are of varying and locally differentiated size and density. Therefore the result of the proposal is an urban field that at the same time promotes local differentiation and provides a recognizable vocabulary throughout the seaside.
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KOUM KAPI SEAFRONT
KOUM KAPI SEAFRONT
KOUM KAPI SEAFRONT
[P03] Green Square Library
--specify the number of boids nBoids = 20 nFrames = 500 --specify the upper and lower intitial position limit upper = 1000 lower = -1000 minDis = 200 --specify the maxspeed maxSpeed = 10 --create an array to contain the boids myBoids = #() --create the boids for i in 1 to nBoids do ( myBoids[i] = point pos:[(random lower upper),(random lower upper),(random lower upper)] size:200 ) --create a random velocity for each boid allVelocities = #() myVelocities = #() for i in 1 to nBoids do ( myVelocities[i] = [(random -0.1 0.1),(random -0.1 0.1),(random -0.1 0.1)] --myVelocities[i] = [0,0,0] ) allVelocities[1] = myVelocities
for t in 2 to nFrames do ( Firm: object-e architecture counter = 0 newVelocities = #() Project Title: Green Square Library for boid in myBoids do ( Project Team: Christos Gourdoukis, Spyros Efthymiou, counter = counter + 1 Constantinos Miltiadis, George Anagnostopoulos --rule 01 allPos = [0,0,0] Tools Used: Rhino, 3ds Max (maxscript), Realflow (python), Grasshoper, for k in 1 to nBoids do Photoshop, Illustrator, Physical Modelling, Autocad, ( if (k != counter) do Date : August 2012 ( allPos = allPos + myBoids[k].pos Notes: Green Square Library Competition 2012 ) ) averPos = allPos/(nboids-1) --myCenter = box pos: averPos
[P03]_concept - landscape
--specify the number of boi nBoids = 20 nFrames = 50 1. Simulation of crowd movement. The background for the proposed project is an exten---specify th sive computer simulation of crowd movement on thetion limit site, taking into account access points and interest at-upper = 1000 tractors. Several different scenarios and many differ-lower = -100 ent algorithms are tested. Over repetition some pre-minDis = 200 vailing pedestrian routes start to emerge. --specify th maxSpeed = 1 2. The crowd movement forms the landscape. --create an The outcome of the first step is used in order to formmyBoids = #( the landscape. Prevailing routes of the simulations --create the become paths on the site while points of concentrationfor i in 1 t are forming larger open areas. ( myBoids[i 3. The movement extends into the building. upper),(rand Instead of dealing with the landscape as an element independent of the library building, the two are con-per)] size:2 sidered as parts of the same system. The movement) that defined the landscape formations extends into the--create a r allVelocitie building’s ground floor shaping the spaces there. myVelocities for i in 1 t 4. A movement route splits the building in 2. One of the main movement routes is elevated and is( myVelocit entering the building at the level of the first floor. The building is split in two parts from the level of the firstdom -0.1 0.1 floor and up. Thus an open space is createdon top of --myVeloc the building. ) allVelocitie
5. The landscapes invades the building. Elements of the landscape are appearing on the openfor t in 2 t space of the first floor. While access to the first level( ‘landscape pocket’ is achieved through a ramp that becounter = gins its ascend from the main plaza its width newVeloci at the point that it meets the building is narrow, so as for boid to hide a large part of the ‘landscape pocket’, revealing ( it slowly as one ascends on the ramp.
cou --r all for (
[P03]_building -structural
6. The cafe is placed at the end of the split. The cafe of the library is re-allocated on the first floor, at the end of the ascending route, becoming an attractor for people, while rendering the ‘landscape pocket’ as a space that can gather activity all hours off the day, while at the same time it can distribute that activity into the building and the main functions of the library. myBoids[k].p
)
P[03] SIMULATION DIAGRAMMS
GREEN SQUARE LIBRARY
For the purpose of exploring new methodologies to approach and analyse the urban environment, we set out to create our own set of tools. Through the use of embedded programming (scripting) we produced different sets of agent based flocking systems, and experimented with various crowding behaviours in a simulated existing context. For the purposes of the programming needs,mainly 3ds max script and Real Flow software were used. + Denser traffic paths produced the main axes of movement, the combination of which suggested their width and overall form. + The negative spaces between paths were formed as separate seating/relief pockets.
[P03]_ground floor plan 27
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[P03]_first floor plan
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[P03]_second floor plan
01.Entrance 02.Lobby & Service 03.Gallery 04.Retail 05.Returns 06.Self Check out 07.Newspapers 08.WC 09.Storage 10.Bar 11.Childrens Area 12.Childrens WC 13.Parents room 14.Multipurpose 15.Tram 16.Cafe 17.Stuff 18.Languages 19.Service 20.WC 21.Reading 22.Technology R 23.Technology cR 24.Gaming 25.Downloads 26.Technology oR 27.Balcony 28.Multipurpose 29.Commercial 30.Service 31.WC 32.seating 33.listening 34.Technology oR 35.Non-fiction
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GREEN SQUARE LIBRARY
[P03]_exterior facade
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[P03]_view of cafe and atrium
[P03]_interior facade
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[P03]_front view
GREEN SQUARE LIBRARY
[P04] Urban Mirage
Firm: Axi:Ome/ Sung Ho kim and Heather Woofter Project Title: Urban Mirage Project Team: Christos Gourdoukis, Spyros Efthymiou, Nick McFadden Tools Used: Rhino, Grasshoper, Photoshop, Illustrator,Physical Modelling, Autocad, Date : August - October 2010 Notes: Incheon City Design Competition 2010 -Winning piece of work Publication at monthly magazine DESIGNNET
[P04]_SYSTEMS OVERLAY diaphragm layer
Sorae Harbor / Railroad Bridge Master Plan depicts a horizontal diaphragm covering the harbor and fish market. Reflective surfaces and mist-cooling sprays of water produce a mirage effect between the ground and the sky. In this space, the visual intensity of the landscape and social activities multiply, depending on the variable mirage created by this diaphragm. The structure is conceptually a vertical conveyor from ground to floating rice fields and fisheries, transferring water and fertilizer in a productive ecological loop. These supports
elevated walk (program) & cores layer
also cool the market visitors in hot weather through a series of misting tubes. The surfaces of the overhead elements vary structural layer
from reflective to translucent to open. We desire to create an effect between the ground and the horizontal structure that reflects and heightens the intensity of the sky as well as the fish market activities below in an intensified mirage. We imagine visitors experiencing multiple market activities. They look up to see a fragmented sky, with both sides of the horizon line doubled. This optical effect would inject new energy into the edge between city and water, creating a hyper-real social environ-
urban & plaza layer
ment that blurs the boundary between phenomena and place.
existing site
[P04]_functional section
[P04]_physical model section
[P04]_bird’s eye view
On the upper level, visitors experience contained elements of landscape, views into the market and observation platforms looking over the city and river.
URBAN MIRAGE While the mirage below captures events, the space above orients the city to boundless landscape, making Sorae a place of reflection.
[P04]_view across the river
[P04]_intermediate level plan
[P04]_physical model | lights
[P04]_section
URBAN MIRAGE
[P04]_physical model - top view
[P05] INJE[UN] CTION
Project Title: inje[un]ction Project Designers: Christos Gourdoukis, Dimitris Gourdoukis Tools Used: Rhino, 3ds Max, Photoshop, Illustrator, Corel DRAW,
Autocad,
Date : September 2010 Notes: Publications: -Projects in (new) Panel Layout for Competition Seoul: DAMDI Publishing Co., 2012. - Inje(un)ction in AthensX4 Exhibition Catalog Athens: Ministry of Environment, Energy & Climate Change., 2010. Exhibitions: - AthensX4 Benaki Museum, Athens, Greece, Mar 28 - Apr 17, 2010.
Inje(un)ction, a proposal for the AthensX4 competition where it was shortlisted, is an attempt to explore possible alternatives to the established ‘methods’ of dealing with the natural environment and to provoke the ways we are used to think of it. It proposes the installation, in the center of the cross defined by four random city blocks, of an ‘e c o l o g i c a l a p p a r a t u s ’. The apparatus i s fed out of the sewer system of the city. Waste is collected, then processed in the bioreactors contained in the head of the apparatus and enriche d with micro-organisms, and then directed in the earth below the asphalt of the street; a kind of a custom made fertilizer. This process creates the necessary conditions for the growth of various micro-organisms initially, and subsequently the growth of more complex plants. Asphalt and concrete gradually dissolve giving its place to natural element, which becomes partially uncontrollable. The existence of new urban conditions becomes possible; conditions that challenge our conception of what is clean or dirty, natural or artificial, controlled or ‘wild’. In essence conditions that challenge our current way of living.
[P06]_urban strategy
[P06]_section
inje[un] ction
[P06] [TRACE] FORMATION
Project Title: [Trace] Formation Project Team:
Christos Gourdoukis, Eleni Koumpli, Dimitris Mairopou-
los, Tanya Pankratov, Nikolaos Papavasileiou, Mariana Paschidi, Zoi Preari, Theodore Svoronos, Vasilis Tsesmetzis, Junhua Zhou. Tools Used: Arduino, Processing, Firefly, Rhino, Grasshoper, Photoshop, Illustrator, Physical Modelling Date : August 2011 Notes: Sens[e-R e]sponsive Architecture Workshop at TUC Department of Architecture Chania Exhibited at the Center of Mediterranean Architecture (KAM-CMA) One Week Intensive Workshop - Instructors from TUC, AUTH, TU Delft, Harvard, MIT Media Lab, University of East London
Our scenario involved the theme of leaving t r a c e s over t i m e . Traces of play are typicaly lost after a game. Technologies provide children with additional feedback and opportunities for reflection by recording data and traces and re-presenting them through visual, sonic, mechatronic feedback. To sum it up, our team was assigned to create spatial configurations to help children understand their body by getting f e e d b a c k from the movement of its parts through play.
Goals [P06]_structure layout
Creating responsive, transformable environment that is triggered by motion of children in space which generates a physical trace by deformation of affected area. In result encourages the development of motor skills and understanding the relationship between space and body. Through that process the child can learn about his b o d y , s c a l e and m o t i o n .
double scissors lifting mechanism
[P06]_physical model transformation
[P06]_levels interaction
[P06]_date collection
[P06]_1:2 mock up
[TRACE] FORM ATION
[P06]_arduino sketch
[P06]_group formation
[P06]_disformation graphs
[P06]_number of paths
The system is activated through the entrance of the first child into the space. The systems freezes when more than 2 entities are in the space. In this way children are urged to form clusters, so that transformations starts again, resulting in a collaboration amongst users, towards reaching a shared goal. In this way teamwork is promoted.
child above
floor
interacts with the deformation of the surface caused by the child below
projects the position of the child above as a moving light to trigger a chase (path creation)
interaction of the children expressed in a spatial experience they shape themselfs
ceiling
child below
deforms to imply the impact of human movement in space and carries the information to the upper level (trace projection)
chasing a light or not, in a group or not, it moves in space and (de)forms the environment
- understanding space - immediate impact on the surroundings - using different movement patterns - cause and effect exploration
[TRACE] FORMATION
child above
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child below
floor
[R01] PARAMETRIC DIMENSION IN URBAN DESIGN
Dissertation (Personal Research - essay of 15000 words) : Parametric dimension in urban design Student: Christos Gourdoukis Supervising Professor: Dimitris Papalexopoulos Date : 2011-2012
Abstract:
Parametric design is constantly gaining ground in architectural practice, offering a powerful tool to architects. Its prevalence implies that some changes occur in both the architectural process per se, as well as the final object. The computational power of the computer allows dealing with more complex forms and relationships than in the past. The aim of this study is to investigate the changes brought about by the increasing use of parametric design in architectural design, especially in the field of urban planning. We regard the city as a complex system - body and at the same time an ecosystem. Relying on a systems logic, correlation of relations, we suggest that parametric design can be a tool for designing at the scale of the city. Thus we reach the basic question of this paper. Is the introduction of parametric methods - tools in the urban scale, a sufficient condition for a paradigm swift in urban planning/design? A swift from a top-down to a bottom-up approach towards a direc tion of re -establishing the relation between people and design. This transformation brings out a series of parallel questions. Which is the role of the architect in the new redefined architectural process, and how does this affect architectural representation?
CONTENTS
Conceptual Tools
basic context goals - questions methodology
introduction systems hierarchies fields networks
Parametric Design
Parametric Urban Design
Introduction - defining parametric design parametric programms using the programms M. Burry - Sagrada Familia Achim Menges, Martin Hemberg AA Strawberry Bar
Conclusion
Introduction
general attributes relating to urban design
Parametric Urbanism / Patrick Schumacher Swarm Urbanism / Kokkugia I' ve heard about : a fat, flat growing urban experiment / R&Sie(n)
Conclusion summary - conclusions critical thoughts on the future
[R02] PARAMETRIC CANOPY
Project Title: Parametric Canopy Project Development - Workshop Instructor: Christos Gourdoukis Tools Used: Rhino, Grasshoper, Photoshop, Vray Date : 3 day workshop | First Presentation: Jananuary 2014 Notes: Introductory workshop to visual programming through the use of Grasshopper plug-in for Rhinoceros 5
[R02]_perspective
Grasshopper Workshop 3-day INTRO to visual programming Through this introductory 3-day workshop, participants will become familiar with the fundamentals of parametric design with the use of Grasshopper, the plug-in for Rhinoceros. In particular, the class will focus on lists and data management, as well as curve and surface tools. Through the design of a canopy, participants will learn to use parametric design as a means to design a solution to a specific design question.
[R02]_grasshopper deďŹ nition
The main goal of this workshop is to make participants familiar with basic notions of visual programming. Emphasis is given in data management. The flow and manipulation of information is explained, through different examples, comparing results. A particular design task is used in order to guide users towards accomplishing a predefined goal. Thus users understand the analytical thinking required prior to writing the code.
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The grasshoper definition is structured in modules, giving further insight in modular programming, and the importance of sharing in an open framework.
1 Input Data - Curves or Surface 2 Data Management - Trees 3 Select Panel - List Item 4 Diagrid 5 Evaluate Surface 6 Create New Lists - Series 7 Upper Canopy - Surfaces 8 Skylights - Vectors 9 Attractor Points For Skylights 10 Spherical Joints 11 Columns - Conditionals 12 Trimmed Panels 13 Final Framework [R02]_form variations