COM 2017 conference guide

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

A Publication of The Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum 1250 - 3500 de Maisonneuve Blvd. West Westmount, QuÊbec, Canada H3Z 3C1 www.metsoc.org ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0 Printed in Canada Copyright Š2017 All rights reserved.

This publication may not be reproduced in whole or in part,

stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, without permission from the publisher.

Photos on front cover courtesy of: (left photo) Goldcorp, (photo on right) Sherritt International Corporation

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

TABLE OF CONTENTS v vii ix xi xiii xv xvii xix xxi xxix xxxi xxxiii

Schedule of Events

Welcome to the Conference President’s Message

Conference Organizing Committee

Conference Technical Program Committee Peer Reviewers

General Information

Conference Bookstore & Publications

Metals 2017 Network and Trade Lounge Delegates Social Program

Invited Speakers at Luncheons Student Activities

xxxv xxxvii xxxviii xxxix xl xli TAB 1 2 91 98

MetSoc Society Awards Industrial Tours

MetSoc Board of Directors 2016-2017 MetSoc Technical Sections Other Conferences

Women of Innovation Program Hotel Floor Plan COM Plenaries

Technical Program Industry Posters Author Index

www.metsoc.org | Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum

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Submit your abstract call is open! June 17-21, 2018 | McGill University | Montreal, Canada The 16th edition of conference series rotating worldwide provides the leading international forum where academic and industrial researchers, scientists, and engineers meet to discuss recent developments in aluminum science, technology, and applications.

ICAA16 Technical Program The technical program of ICAA16 is calling for abstracts on the following topics: › Advanced characterization › Casting and solidi cation › Corrosion and surfaces

Why come to Montréal? Because of Québec’s strong Aluminum presence

1409

› Deformation behaviour and formability › Joining

Aluminium processing companies

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› Mechanical properties

8

› Modelling and simulation

centres of research, development and training

› Juergen Hirsch Honorary Symposium

› New directions in manufacturing and alloy design

recyclers

Statistics provided by AluQuébec

› Phase transformations › Sustainability in design and recycling

Organized by:

› Thermomechanical processing

Submit your abstract| call is open! www.metsoc.org/icaa16

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

SCHEDULE OF EVENTS SUNDAY AUGUST 27 16:00-18:30 Conference Registration 16:30-18:30 Opening Reception 18:30-22:00 Student Fun Night MONDAY 07:00-17:00 07:00-08:30 08:00-09:40 08:00-17:30 08:00-18:00 10:05-17:00 12:15-13:45 13:00-14:00 17:00-17:30 17:30-18:30 18:00-23:00

AUGUST 28 Conference Registration Continental Breakfast MetSoc AGM & Plenary Session Metals 2017 Trade Lounge Posters, informal viewing Technical Sessions Historical Metallurgy Lunch ($) Student Poster Judging Hour Students-Emerging Professionals Presentation Student-Industry Mixer Pyro Historical Metallurgy Pub Night ($)

TUESDAY AUGUST 29 07:00-17:00 Conference Registration & Bookstore 07:00-08:30 Continental Breakfast 08:00-16:30 Technical Sessions 08:00-17:30 Metals 2017 Trade Lounge 08:00-16:30 Posters, informal viewing 12:00-13:30 Complimentary Student Lunch (open invitation) 12:15-13:45 Hydrometallurgy Luncheon ($) 12:15-13:15 Light Metals Section Box Lunch 16:30-17:30 Industry Poster Session 18:30-21:30 MetSoc Awards Banquet & Reception 21:30-23:30 VIP Celebratory Reception (by invitation only) WEDNESDAY AUGUST 30 07:00-15:30 Conference Registration & Bookstore 07:00-08:30 Continental Breakfast 08:00-17:00 Technical Sessions 08:30-17:00 Women of Innovation Symposium 08:00-17:00 Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy Symposium 12:15-13:45 Enabling Innovation Lunch ($) 12:00-14:00 Women of Innovation Lunch ($)

Rooms are subject to change, verify onsite for updates. Foyer, 3rd Floor Perspectives, 34th Floor Meet in Hotel Lobby at 18:30 Foyer, 3rd Floor Foyer, 3rd Floor Regency DEF, 3rd Floor Foyer, 3rd Floor Foyer, 2nd Floor

(see technical program for exact times and locations)

Regency C, 3rd Floor Foyer, 2nd Floor Regency C, 3rd Floor Regency C, 3rd Floor Meet in Hotel Lobby at 18:00 Foyer, 3rd Floor Foyer, 3rd Floor

(see technical program for exact times and locations)

Foyer, 3rd Floor Foyer, 2nd Floor Grouse, 34th Floor Regency C, 3rd Floor Plaza C, 2nd Floor Foyer, 2nd Floor Regency DEF, 3rd Floor Perspectives, 34th Floor Foyer, 3rd Floor Foyer, 3rd Floor

(see technical program for exact times and locations) (see technical program for exact times and locations) (see technical program for exact times and locations)

Regency C, 3rd Floor Grouse, 34th Floor

COMMITTEE MEETINGS (by invitation only)

SUNDAY AUGUST 27 08:00-13:00 MetSoc Executive Meeting 13:00-15:30 MetSoc Pre-Board Meeting 15:45-16:45 MetSoc CIM Leadership Meeting 16:00-17:00 MetSoc-CIM Student Chapters Meet & Greet 19:00-21:30 MetSoc Past-Presidents Dinner MONDAY 14:00-15:00 15:30-16:30 18:30-21:00

AUGUST 28 MetSoc-TMS Leadership Meeting Extraction 2018 Hydro Section Executive Meeting

Prince of Wales, 3rd Floor Prince of Wales, 3rd Floor Prince of Wales, 3rd Floor Oxford room, 3rd Floor Meet in lobby at 18:45

Cypress, 34th Floor Cypress, 34th Floor Cypress, 34th Floor

TUESDAY AUGUST 29 07:00-08:00 Pyromet Section Executive Meeting

Cypress, 34th Floor

WEDNESDAY AUGUST 30 07:30-09:00 Cu2019 IOC Meeting

Cypress, 34th Floor

THURSDAY AUGUST 3I 08:30-15:30 MetSoc Board Meeting

Prince of Wales, 3rd Floor

www.metsoc.org | Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum

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COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

WELCOME TO THE 2017 CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS Over the past three years, more than 40 volunteers have worked towards assembling an international group of speakers to present their latest findings in the field of metallurgy. In recent months, a second wave of volunteers has come on board to help review over 200 papers, ensuring that our published proceedings meet the high standards you’ve come to expect from COM.

This year, we are hosting the 7th World Gold Conference and the 4th Nickel-Cobalt Conference. A joint venture between CIM, AusIMM and SAIMM, World Gold covers all aspects of technical innovation relating to the gold industry. Nickel-Cobalt, cosponsored with TMS, brings together internationally recognized scientists, engineers and plant operators to share and discuss the most recent developments in the processing of these metals. Additionally, MetSoc technical sections are hosting the following sessions: Light Metal Alloys, Advanced Techniques and Technologies in Mineral Processing, Advances in Materials Manufacturing (III), Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials, and Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing. To top everything off, there will also be special sessions on General Hydrometallurgy and Pyrometallurgy.

We also have two one-day special symposia planned: Women of Innovation – a panel populated by influential women from academia, industry and government, which aims to celebrate women innovators and to motivate women to choose a career path in STEM disciplines; and Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy where MetSoc has partnered with Canada Mining Innovation Council on a symposium devoted entirely to exploring the reasons behind the decline in innovation in the Canadian mining industry and opportunities to significantly enhance innovation.

We invite you to stop by the Metals Trade Show to visit the booths and network with our industry partners. In addition, come and view the student posters – encourage them, they are the future of this industry and Society.

We wish you a very productive and enjoyable conference!

James Budac, Sherritt International Corporation COM 2017, Chair Incoming President, Metallurgy & Materials Society of CIM (MetSoc of CIM)

www.metsoc.org | Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum

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DIG AROUND AND SEE

THERE’S MORE BENEATH THE SURFACE

GOLDCORP ADVANTAGE

In a volatile market, our strategy remains unchanged.

High-Quality, Profitable Production

We continue to focus on execution – operating safely

Gold Focused

and efficiently, maintaining financial discipline and

Investment-Grade Balance Sheet

delivering sustainable value.

Responsible Mining Practices Low Political Risk

TSX:G NYSE:GG

www.goldcorp.com

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT OF METSOC WELCOME TO COM 2017 HOSTING THE 7TH WORLD GOLD AND 4TH NICKEL-COBALT CONFERENCES IN BEAUTIFUL VANCOUVER! On behalf of the Metallurgy and Materials Society (MetSoc) of CIM, it is my pleasure to welcome you to the 56th Annual Conference of Metallurgists, COM 2017, hosting the 7th International World Gold Conference and 4th Nickel-Cobalt Conference. I also would like to extend my personal warm welcome to our delegates who have come from around the world to be with us in Vancouver.

MetSoc would like to thank Dr. James Budac of Sherritt International Corporation and his entire committee for organizing this exciting conference that includes a wide range of symposia such as Advanced Measuring Techniques and Technologies in Mineral Processing; Advances in Materials Manufacturing; Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials; Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy; Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing; General Hydrometallurgy; Light Metal Alloys; and Women of Innovation. In addition, we have two full programs for the 7th International World Gold and 4th Nickel-Cobalt conferences, accompanied by a trade show that runs until Wednesday afternoon, along with the student and industry poster sessions.

We also recognize the efforts of all the authors, session chairs and students who have volunteered to participate and make this a world-class event. A special thanks is due to our sponsors in these difficult times; with their support we are able to continue to bring world-class programming to delegates. We are very proud of Barrick, Goldcorp, Joe Zhou Mineralogy, Mintrex, PLA Process Analysers and Sherritt International as our official and premium sponsors; and BBA, FLSmidth, Hatch, IPMINS, MEL, SNC-Lavalin, Purolite and Zeiss Microscopy as our a la carte sponsors. Thank you as well to any additional sponsors that may have come forward since the printing of this guide; we appreciate the support. I wish you all a professionally rewarding and personally flourishing conference, as well as great networking opportunities.

The tradition of the COM will continue after Vancouver with the 57th Conference of Metallurgists (COM 2018) hosted at the Materials Science and Technology Conference (MS&T18) in Columbus, Ohio on October 14-18, 2018. I hope that you will be able to join us there.

I wish you all a rewarding experience at COM 2017, and an enjoyable time in beautiful Vancouver.

Zhenghe Xu PhD, FRSC, FCAE, FCIM President, Metallurgy and Materials Society of CIM 2016-2017 Professor, University of Alberta

www.metsoc.org | Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum

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May 6-9 mai, 2018 Vancouver Convention Centre, Vancouver, BC

CONVENTION.CIM.ORG

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

COM 2017 ORGANIZING COMMITTEE COM 2017 Conference Chair

James Budac, Sherritt International Corporation World Gold Chair

Peter Lind, Goldcorp Inc.

Technical Co-Chair Hydrometallurgy

Ahmad Ghahreman, Queen’s University

Technical Co-Chair Mineral Processing

Student Affairs Chair

Alexander Burns, NORAM Engineering and Constructors Ltd. Metals Trade Show Appointee

John Jiang, AuTec Innovative Extractive Solutions Ltd.

Tours Chair

Robert Ellenwood, Sherritt International Corporation

Corby Anderson, Colorado School of Mines

Secretary

Hao Zhang, University of Alberta

Technical Program Editor and Coordinator

Berend Wassink, University of British Columbia

Conference Management

Technical Co-Chair Materials

Short Courses Chair Sponsorship Chair

Engin Özberk, Mitacs/University of Saskatchewan

Edouard Asselin, University of British Columbia Janice Burke, CIM

Brigitte Farah, MetSoc

THANK YOU TO OUR MEDIA AND ASSOCIATION PARTNERS!

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August 26–29, 2018 Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

The Call for Abstracts is Open! www.ExtractionMeeting.org/CFA1

SUBMIT YOUR ABSTRACT BY NOVEMBER 15, 2017.

Technical Themes and SymposiA Hydrometallurgy • •

•

Hydrometallurgy 2018 Gordon Ritcey Symposium: Advances in Hydrometallurgical Solution Puri cation Separations Processing of Critical Metals

Pyrometallurgy • •

7th International Symposium on Advances in Sul de Smelting Peter Hayes Symposium on Pyrometallurgical Processing

Sul de Flotation

Extractive Metallurgy Markets and Economics

Visit www.ExtractionMeeting.org/CFA1 for details and to submit your abstract.

Benefit Yourself. . .And Your Business Plan Now to Attend Extraction 2018

Sign up for news and updates on networking events, plant tours, special sessions on marketplace developments, trade show participation, and more.

www.ExtractionMeeting.org/CFA1

Organized by the Metallurgy and Materials Society (MetSoc) of the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum (CIM); the Society for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration (SME); and The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS).

The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

TECHNICAL COMMITTEE COM 2017 ADVANCED MEASURING TECHNIQUES AND TECHNOLOGIES IN MINERAL PROCESSING Symposium Chairs: Maria E. Holuszko, University of British Columbia Marek Pawlik, University of British Columbia Bern Klein, University of British Columbia

ADVANCES IN MATERIALS MANUFACTURING III

Symposium Chairs: Xinjin Cao, National Research Council Canada (NRC) X. Grant Chen, University of Quebec at Chicoutimi Daolun Chen, Ryerson University

CORROSION AND ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION OF MATERIALS Symposium Chairs: Xin Pang, CanmetMATERIALS, Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) Xinjin Cao, NRC Leijun Li, University of Alberta

ENABLING INNOVATION IN METALLURGY Symposium Chairs: Nils Voermann, Hatch Ltd. James Budac, Sherritt International Corporation

ENERGY AND ECO-EFFICIENCY IN MINING AND PROCESSING

Symposium Chairs: Noelene Ahern, AuTec Innovative Extractive Solutions Ltd. Roki Fukuzawa, Hatch Ltd.

WOMEN OF INNOVATION Symposium Chairs: Mary Wells, University of Waterloo Anne Millar, University of Waterloo

NICKEL-COBALT 2017 (4th International Conference) HYDROMETALLURGY OF NICKEL-COBALT

Symposium Chairs: Michael Collins, Sherritt International Corporation Vladimiros Papangelakis, University of Toronto David Robinson, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Indje Mihaylov, Vale Inco Technical Services Ltd.

PYROMETALLURGY OF NICKEL-COBALT

Symposium Chairs: Jeff Donald, SNC-Lavalin Ron Schonewille, Glencore Rodney Jones, The Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (SAIMM)

GENERAL HYDROMETALLURGY

Symposium Chairs: Juris Harlamovs, Teck (retired) Dimitrios Filippou, Rio Tinto Iron & Titanium Liana Centomo, Glencore

LIGHT METAL ALLOYS: PROCESSING FOR PERFORMANCE Symposium Chairs: André Phillion, McMaster University Daan Maijer, University of British Columbia Steve Cockcroft, University of British Columbia

7TH WORLD GOLD CONFERENCE (7th International Conference)

Peter Lind, Conference Chair, Goldcorp Inc. Jim Dennett, Technical Co-chair, Sherritt International Corporation Leon Lorenzen, Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (AusIMM) Representative, Mintrex and Lorenzen Consultants Andries Swart, SAIMM Representative, AngloGold Ashanti

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A New Way of Thinking

When we talk about Best-in-Class at Barrick, we’re not just talking about changing the way we do things, we’re talking about changing the way we think.

Whether it’s pioneering new gold processing methods, transforming mine designs or digitizing our business, we never stop pushing the boundaries of innovation and the pursuit of excellence. That’s what it means to be Best-in-Class. That’s what it means to be Barrick.

w w w. b a r r i c k . c o m

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

PEER REVIEWERS OF PAPERS AT COM 2017 We would like to express our sincere appreciation to all the volunteers below for their time and professional expertise to review conference papers and contribute to the high standards of the COM Proceedings. Maria Holuszko, University of British Columbia, Advanced Measuring Techniques and Technologies Bern Klein, University of British Columbia, Advanced Measuring Techniques and Technologies Amit Kumar, University of British Columbia, Advanced Measuring Techniques and Technologies Sanja Miskovic, University of British Columbia, Advanced Measuring Techniques and Technologies Marek Pawlik, University of British Columbia, Advanced Measuring Techniques and Technologies Reem Roufail, University of British Columbia, Advanced Measuring Techniques and Technologies Songtao Yang, AuTec, Advanced Measuring Techniques and Technologies, World Gold Christopher Bayley, Defence Research and Development Canada, Advances in Materials Manufacturing Myriam Brochu, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Advances in Materials Manufacturing Xinjin Cao, NRC, Advances in Materials Manufacturing Daolun Chen, Ryerson University, Advances in Materials Manufacturing X. Grant Chen, University of Quebec at Chicoutimi, Advances in Materials Manufacturing Abu Syed Kabir, Carleton University, Advances in Materials Manufacturing Fatemeh Mirakhorli, NRC, Advances in Materials Manufacturing Laure Ojo, University of Manitoba, Advances in Materials Manufacturing Yina, Zhang, University of Toronto, Advances in Materials Manufacturing Frank Cheng, University of Calgary, Corrosion and Environmental Degradation Leijun Li, University of Alberta, Corrosion and Environmental Degradation Xin Pang, CanmetMATERIALS, Corrosion and Environmental Degradation Sergei Shipilov, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Corrosion and Environmental Degradation Sherry Esfahani, Acuren, Energy and Eco-Efficiency Roki Fukuzawa, Hatch, Energy and Eco-Efficiency Charles Jia, University of Toronto, Energy and Eco-Efficiency Margarete Kalin, University of Toronto, Energy and EcoEfficiency Saviz Mortazavi, NRCan, Energy and Eco-Efficiency Janice Zinck, NRCan, Energy and Eco-Efficiency Brienne Stephane, Teck, Energy and Eco-Efficiency, General Hydrometallurgy Noelene Ahern, AuTec, Energy and Eco-Efficiency, World Gold Liana Centomo, Glencore, General Hydrometallurgy Greg Davison, Davison and Associates, General Hydrometallurgy Dimitrio Filippou, Rio Tinto, General Hydrometallurgy Juris Harlamovs, Retired, General Hydrometallurgy

Nick McKay-Davison, Anglo American Plc, General Hydrometallurgy Henry Salomon de Friedberg, Teck, General Hydrometallurgy Mansoor Barati, University of Toronto, General Pyrometallurgy Nishit Patel, Hatch, General Pyrometallurgy Michael Collins, Sherritt International, Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt Indje Mihaylov, Vale, Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt Vladimiros Papangelakis, University of Toronto, Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt David Robinson, CSIRO, Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt, General Hydrometallurgy Jan Smit, Sherritt International, Hydrometallurgy of NickelCobalt, World Gold Steve Cockcroft, University of British Columbia, Light Metal Alloys David Levasseur, Cegep Trois-Rivière, Light Metal Alloys Julie Lévesque, Université Laval, Light Metal Alloys Daan Maijer, University of British Columbia, Light Metal Alloys Andre Phillion, McMaster University, Light Metal Alloys Ge Sa, Hatch, Light Metal Alloys Alison Cummings, Sudbury Integrated Nickel Operations, A Glencore Company, Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt Boyd Davis, Kingston Process Metallurgy, Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt Jeffrey Donald, SNC-Lavalin, Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt Cameron Harris, CaEng , Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt Joël Kapusta, BBA, Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt Matthew Kreuh, SNC-Lavalin, Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt Ron Schonewille, Glencore, Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt Leili Tafaghodi, University of British Columbia, Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt Ed Asselin, University of British Columbia, World Gold Steve Bellec, Soutex, World Gold Jocelyn Bouchard, Université Laval, World Gold Aparup Chattopadhyay, Integrated Process Mineralogy Solutions, World Gold Jim Dennett, Sherritt International, World Gold André Desbiens, Université Laval, World Gold Inna Dymov, SGS Minerals, World Gold Edward Ghali, Université Laval, World Gold Brian Hart, University of Western Ontario, World Gold Robin Kalanchey, Eldorado Gold Corporation, World Gold Luc Lachance, Triple Point Technology, World Gold Donald Leroux, Woodgrove Technologies Inc., World Gold Peter Lind, Goldcorp, World Gold Sami Makni, COREM, World Gold William McCombe, Hatch, World Gold Raphaël Mermillod-Blondin, Agnico Eagle, World Gold Anca Nacu, Kemetco, World Gold Fabiola Nava, CINVESTAV, World Gold Oscar Olvera, AuTec, World Gold Carole Prévost, BBA, World Gold Peter Radziszewski, Metso, World Gold Richard Shaw, Goldcorp, World Gold Marcus Tomlinson, Goldcorp, World Gold Alain Tshilombo, Sherritt International, World Gold Jean-François Wilhelmy, COREM, World Gold

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MEETINGS: Coming in 2018

For a complete listing of TMS meetings, visit: www.tms.org/Meetings

-ARCH n s Phoenix, Arizona, USA s www.tms.org/TMS2018 Building on the record-breaking success of 2017, TMS2018 will draw more than 4,000 attendees from nearly 70 nations, and will feature four full days of programming, more than 85 symposia, two poster sessions, and more. Special highlights at TMS2018 include: The 2nd International Conference on Computational Design and Simulation of Materials: Jointly organized by the Chinese Society for Metals and TMS

The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society

New Symposia Organized by the Federation of European Materials Societies (FEMS) and TMS: Including the Process Intensification in Pyrometallurgical Systems symposium

July 23–24, 2018 Santa Barbara, California, USA www.tms.org/Diversity2018 A more diverse and inclusive workplace benefits everyone—individual scientists and engineers, entire organizations, and the minerals, metals, and materials community as a whole. DMMM3 will focus on establishing a clear path to meaningful engagement and tangible action through education, measurement, and transformation of workplace cultures.

August 26–29, 2018 Ottawa, Canada www.extractionmeeting.org

M AT E R I A L S S C I E N C E & T E C H N O L O G Y

October 14–18, 2018 Columbus, Ohio, USA www.matscitech.org

Featuring COM 2018! COM 2018 will be held as part of the Materials Science & Technology 2018 (MS&T18) conference, which brings together five leading materials-related societies: The American Ceramic Society (ACerS); the Association for Iron & Steel Technology (AIST); ASM International; NACE International; and TMS.

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Dean Bouchard/Flickr

GENERAL INFORMATION

CONFERENCE VENUE

The conference will take place at the Hyatt Regency Hotel Vancouver. Please consult the floor plans in this booklet for room locations.

Hyatt Regency Hotel Vancouver 655 Burrard Street Vancouver, British Columbia V6C 2R7 Canada 1-888-421-1442

SECURITY

You must wear your badge at all times.

REGISTRATION AND TICKETS

Pre-registered delegates may pick up their badges, programs and tickets at the Conference Registration Desk located in the Foyer of the 3rd Floor. The Registration Desk will be open at the following times:

CONFERENCE REGISTRATION AND BADGE PICK-UP

Sunday, August 27 Monday, August 28 Tuesday, August 29 Wednesday, August 30

CIM MEMBERSHIP

As a CIM member, you receive the CIM Magazine and the CIM Journal, which contain, among other things, MetSoc articles and news. If you are interested in becoming a member, please visit us at the registration desk.

OFFICE SERVICES

A Business Centre is available at the Hyatt Regency Hotel Vancouver. It provides attendees the opportunity to stay connected, with a secure, reliable computer system and copy machine. The Business Centre is open 24 hours a day in the Lobby level. Charges may apply.

PRESENTERS’ GUIDELINES

Presenters are required to supply their presentation file in their PRESENTING ROOM at least 1 hour PRIOR TO THE SESSION START TIME. Conference Staff will be in all technical rooms to assist you with this process. Presentation files should be on a USB memory stick. Room names are available within the conference guide.

16:00 – 18:30 07:00 – 17:00 07:00 – 17:00 07:00 – 15:30

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Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly The Canadian Journal of Metallurgy and Materials Science Published by Taylor & Francis

Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly publishes original contributions on all aspects of metallurgy and materials science, including mineral processing, hydrometallurgy, pyrometallurgy, materials processing, physical metallurgy and the service behaviour of materials. It is an invaluable resource for international researchers and professionals engaged in interdisciplinary research in metallurgy and materials science.

Follow us on social media @TandFMaterials TandFMaterials

ACCESS NOW

Access for MetSoc and CIM members As a member of The Metallurgy and Materials Society of the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum, you are entitled to a discount on a subscription to the Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly, the ofďŹ cial journal of MetSoc. Members are now able to subscribe to Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly in an online-only format, as well as in print and online.

Sample this journal for free. Visit the journal’s homepage and click the green button to access a selection of recently published content.

Latest two full volumes FREE for you for 14 days

http://bit.ly/CMQ-17

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

CONFERENCE BOOKSTORE

A complimentary copy of the COM 2017 proceedings in electronic format is included with your full registration and is given at badge pickup.

To purchase additional copies of the COM 2017 proceedings or to purchase other MetSoc of CIM publications, visit our onsite bookstore from Tuesday to Wednesday.

ONSITE BLOWOUT SALE!

We will be selling discounted copies of Proceedings onsite. No shipping offered.

Here are some of the title you may find:

2016 Proceedings •

Iron Control in Practice and Research (hard copy)

•

Hydrometallurgy 2014 (two-volume set)

•

Light Metals 2011 (hard cover & CD)

•

Commemorative Book 50th Anniversary (hard cover & CD)

2014 Proceedings

2011 Proceedings •

World Gold 2011 (hard cover & CD)

COM Proceedings

Uranium 2010 (two-volume set & CD)

•

•

•

eProceedings COM 2016 – IMPC 2016 (USB)

•

eProceedings COM 2014 (USB)

•

•

•

eProceedings COM 2015 (USB)

eProceedings COM 2012 – CD Includes 5 ebooks

eProceedings COM 2011 – CD Includes 5 ebooks

CIM BOOKS

•

•

Women of Innovation 2017

Metallurgical Plant Design Women of Impact 2015

eProceedings 2010 – CD Includes 6 interactive ebooks (includes Management in Metallurgy, Aerospace, Fracture, Materials Degradation, Sustainability, Materials for Clean Energy)

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Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

METALS 2017 NETWORK AND TRADE LOUNGE

SGS MINERALS

Company

TURTLE TOUGH STEINERT

OUTOTEC

AUREL SYSTEMS INC. FLSMIDTH

KAMENGO

GEA GROUP

ANDRITZ AUTOMATION CURTIN UNIVERSITY GEKKO SYSTEMS

KEYENCE CANADA INC.

SEPRO MINERALS SYSTEMS SIPI METALS CORP SCANTECH

KEMETCO RESEARCH

AUTEC INNOVATIVE EXTRACTIVE SOLUTIONS TAYLOR & FRANCIS

ZEISS MICROSCOPY PIONERA

ION GROUP

NUTEC BICKLEY XPS

Website

sgs.com

Booth Selection

turtletough.com.au steinertglobal.com

Booth 102 Booth 103

outotec.com

aurelsystems.com flsmidth.com

kamengo.com gea.com

www.andritz.com curtin.edu.au gekkos.com keyence.ca

seprosystems.com sipimetals.com

scantech.com.au kemetco.com autec.ca

taylorandfrancis.com

Booth 101

Booth 104 Booth 105 Booth 106 Booth 107 Booth 108 Booth 109 Booth 110 Booth 111 Booth 112 Booth 113 Booth 114 Booth 115 Booth 116 Booth 117 Booth 118

zeiss.com/mining

Display 019

iongroup.com

Display 021

pionera.com

nutecbickley.com xps.ca

Display 020 Display 022 Display 023

Bookings as of June 30, 2017. See at Lounge for new exhibitors

www.metsoc.org | Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum

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Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

METALS 2017 NETWORK AND TRADE LOUNGE Booth #101

sgs.com

SGS CANADA INC. acts as a strategic partner in the

mining industry, providing testing, technology and trade solutions. Our services promote growth and deliver efficiencies across exploration, production, industrial applications, decommissioning and closure. We offer technical advice in steel manufacturing processes and act as a strategic partner in coal and coke trading. We also help to maximise profits in precious or base metal mining and extraction. Our consultancy services deliver transparent and unbiased support in new technologies and accurate data to track the progress of projects. Booth #102

www.turtletough.com.au

TURTLE TOUGH PTY is an Australian company that designs and develops electrochemical sensors for tough applications where other manufacturers have failed to achieve suitable performance or life expectancy. Booth #103

steinertglobal.com

STEINERT is the global leader in separation technology solutions for the mining, scrap, waste and recycling industries. Manufacturing a complete line of magnetic and sensor-sorting equipment, it provides full solutions designed to separate and recover a wide range of materials. Engineering electromagnetic drums, eddy current separators, and sorting systems based on induction, XRay, and NIR, Steinert is the only full range industry supplier with more than 125 years of expertise and global customer services. Booth #104

www.outotec.com

OUTOTEC provides leading technologies and services

for the sustainable use of Earth's natural resources. As the global leader in minerals and metals processing technology, we have developed many breakthrough technologies over the decade for our customers in metals and mining industry. We also provide innovative solutions for industrial water treatment, the utilization of alternative energy sources and the chemical industry. Outotec shares are listed on NASDAQ Helsinki. Booth #105

www.aurelsystems.com

AUREL SYSTEMS INC. has been providing engineering software and services to the chemical engineering community for 30+ years. Our CADSIM Plus software products are widely known and valued tools that

chemical engineers use to design, troubleshoot, modify and optimize their chemical processes. Our clients are located in 34 countries throughout the world. Aurel offers software sales and training and a full line of services, along with custom unit module development. Our engineering services include dynamic process modeling and advanced online application development based on our proprietary Dynamic Data Reconciliation (DDR) and realtime optimization technologies. DDR-based online applications provide advanced capabilities to understand, correct and track product data in real time. We often collaborate with our engineering consultant clients by supplementing their in-house engineering expertise with advanced knowledge of dynamic simulation modeling and online application development, deployment and support Booth #106

www.flsmidth.com

FLSMIDTH supplies the minerals and cement industries globally with everything from engineering, single machines and complete processing plants to maintenance, support services and operation of processing facilities. Through years of innovation and experience, FLSmidth has developed a vast global pool of specialist engineering resources that is unique within our market. We focus on cement, coal, copper, gold, iron ore and fertilizers, providing one source for the products, solutions and services they need.

Today, we offer a comprehensive, flexible and global service. With offices in more than 50 countries and service centres in our primary regions, we’re on the spot to help customers with every stage of their operational process, from strategic planning to overcoming everyday challenges and facility lifecycle management. Booth #107

www.kamengo.com

KAMENGO specializes in the design and supply of

storage and feed equipment for difficult flowing materials. Kamengo staff spent 15 years researching the reasons why bins plug. The research showed that bin plugging is caused by poor bin geometry, compaction of the stored material by the feeder, and uneven discharge from the storage bin. To resolve these issues, Kamengo applies a deliberate, scientifically grounded approach that uses the flow properties of the stored material to design storage bins that can self-empty under gravity. Further, Kamengo has developed a unique feeder that resolves many of the shortcomings of conventional feeders, allowing us to deliver reliable equipment for handling even the most difficult flowing material.

www.metsoc.org | Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum

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Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Booth #108

www.gea.com

GEA GROUP offers equipment for classification, thickening, dewatering, crud treatment and solvent extraction. Our new ecoforce crudMaster decanters are customized for 3-phase separation of crud into solid, aquesous and organic components and can be converted to 2-phase separation for maximum ROI. Booth #109

www.andritz.com

helps industrial facilities around the world to realize their full potential by maximizing output, minimizing costs, and optimizing operations. The experienced Andritz Automation team focuses on the design of the electrical, control, and instrumentation systems, drawing on some of the world's leading simulation, advanced process control, and operator training tools. Andritz Automation is a technology leader in several industries, including pulp and paper, oil sands, mining, lime chemicals, and power.

ANDRITZ AUTOMATION

Booth #110 https://mining.curtin.edu.au/research/gold

The Gold Technology Group (GTG) is a research group with a 30 year history of serving the gold/precious metals industry in performing industrially relevant research and development, consulting, software development, training, technology transfer and industry surveys.

CURTIN UNIVERSITY

The GTG resides within the Western Australian School of Mines and is associated with the Department of Mining Engineering and Metallurgical Engineering. It is located on Curtin University’s Bentley Campus in Perth and interacts with the academic departments and research centres on the Perth and Kalgoorlie campuses. Booth #111

gekkos.com

GEKKO SYSTEMS is a market leader offering mineral processing solutions that significantly reduce the cost of recovering precious minerals, while making this process more secure and profitable for mining companies. Gekko specialises in the design, manufacturing and installation of fully modular plants, as well as equipment that further improves recovery levels on established gold, silver and polymetallics plants. The company also offers a complete range of services to ensure the highest operational performance is achieved. With offices in Australia, Canada and South Africa, Gekko's team is passionate about delivering products and services that achieve maximum efficiencies for its customers around the world.

Booth #112

www.keyence.ca

is a world leader in advanced microscopes for imaging and measurement applications. Our microscopes capture fully focused images and perform 3D profile and roughness measurements with nanometer-level resolutions. Our latest system not only quantifies different surface characteristics, but can also tell you what the differences are. Stop by and see a live demonstration!

KEYENCE CANADA INC.

Booth #113

seprosystems.com

SEPRO MINERAL SYSTEMS is established as a sin-

gle source supplier of mineral processing equipment and plant solutions across the globe. Sepro can assist organizations with high-value mineral resources including: gold, silver, platinum, tin, tungsten, chrome, tantalum, cobalt, iron, fine oxidized coal, uranium, nickel and fine aggregates. Product categories include: Cone Crushers, Tyre Drive Scrubbers, Tyre Drive Grinding Mills, Gravity Concentrators, Screens, Tyre Drive Agglomeration Drums, Dense Medium Separators, Leach Reactors, Pumps, Agitators & Peristaltic Pumps and Modular Plants. Satellite offices are located in the United Kingdom, Ghana and Austria. Booth #114

www.sipimetals.com

Booth #115

www.scantech.com.au

Booth #116

kemetco.com

SIPI METALS CORP. is a highly specialized US-based company that offers refining services to support the mining industry. Our precious metal recovery operations treat a broad range of materials generated through the milling and recovery process. SCANTECH is a leader in real-time analysis technologies for conveyed bulk materials. Over 60 x GE05CAN-M elemental analyzers are installed in the minerals sector and used for bulk sorting, blending, process control and metal accounting. KEMETCO RESEARCH offers R&D services in Extrac-

tive Metallurgy, Chemical Process, Environmental Treatment, and Specialty Analytical Chemistry. We'll customize a test program that achieves your strategic goals, whether you need a simple scoping study, complex flow sheet development and optimization, or a pilot plant demonstration to yield saleable products.

www.metsoc.org | Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum

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COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Booth #117

www.autec.ca

AUTEC INNOVATIVE EXTRACTIVE SOLUTIONS

As a wholly-owned subsidiary of Barrick Gold Corporation, AuTec strives to find innovative solutions for the extractive industry with a particular focus on intrinsic challenges (e.g. refractoriness, preg-robbing behaviour, and arsenic content) and extrinsic challenges (e.g. fresh water conservation and jurisdictional bans on cyanide). AuTec aims to be the first choice for metallurgical test work to support characterization of ores and their suitability to existing processes. AuTec endeavors to be a major partner in research and development initiatives aimed at making step-changes to refractory ore processing and to provide crucial site support to Barrick operations and others who may benefit from the skill sets of AuTec personnel. Booth #118

taylorandfrancis.com

TAYLOR & FRANCIS boasts a growing, wide-ranging and high caliber journals portfolio in Materials Science, including The Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly.

Edited by some of the world’s leading academics in the field, and with strong relationships with many learned societies, the Taylor & Francis Materials Journals portfolio is a key source of academic information. Visit us to browse our journals and talk to us about publishing your work. After the conference, find out more by registering for email updates: http://bit.ly/2rK6LJ9 Display #019

ZEISS MICROSCOPY tions for Mining.

www.zeiss.com/mining

Analytical and Imaging Solu-

Monitor your mineral processing plant through daily mineralogical analysis of process streams with the ruggedized ZEISS MinSCAN, the only field-proven mine site system. This turnkey solution enables you to build up a comprehensive understanding of the daily performance of your plant. Increase profits through greater concentrate quality and reduced losses to tailings. Rapidly troubleshoot recovery issues, optimize plant performance and complement assays with the confidence to make effective decisions based on quantitative data. Additionally, ZEISS Mineralogic Mining enables the characterization of minerals to achieve maximum recovery of resources. With Mineralogic Mining, automated mineral analysis is used to identify and quantify minerals in real-time.

Display #020

pionera.com

Display #021

iongroup.com

PIONERA provides chemical reagents to the mineral processing industry. Our focus is selective depressants for flotation of base and precious metals, dispersants for leaching and viscosity reducers for ore slurries. Additionally, we offer scale inhibitors and cathode smoothing agents. Feel free to contact us, we offer technical expertise worldwide. ION GROUP Automation positively transforms the lives of people and business. ION is reinventing the way business is done through innovations in automation technology. Our software improves decision-making, increases efficiency, simplifies complex processes, and empowers people.

ION commodities solutions automate the management of your supply and value chains. Wherever you are, and whatever industry you’re in, ION puts you in control of your trading and procurement, enterprise risk, logistics, and scheduling. We also help you manage your storage and inventory, processing, settlement, and accounting.

Algosys is an automated metal accounting solution that can be deployed in concentrators, gold and hydromet plants, and smelters. It enables metallurgists and plant superintendents to collect and evaluate data from any source, perform mass balance computations, and reconcile production data. It also enables you to quickly locate material losses and optimize plant recovery. Algosys delivers comprehensive and timely information to help you reduce risk and ensure compliance. Display #022

www.nutecbickley.com

Display #023

xps.ca

NUTEC BICKLEY offers Rotary Kilns for Caron Regeneration giving a very efficient way to clean activated carbon, so that it can be reused with higher performance, leading to improved Gold recovery rates. XPS is an autonomous consulting and metallurgical testing business providing expert process solutions to the global mining and minerals industry. We offer these specialist technical services in the 5 integrated disciplines, Process Mineralogy, Extractive Metallurgy, Process Control, Materials Technology and Plant Support along with training in sampling, pumping and process control. Let our diverse mix of disciplinary expertise, QEMSCAN mineralogy, flow sheet development experience, plant operating skills, and knowledge of milling and metallurgical operations add value to your project or process.

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Mintrex have been

solid partners

throughout development Paul Criddle COO, Roxgold Inc.

Engineering Design

Scoping & Feasibility Studies

Process Op misa on

Opera onal Readiness

Expert Advice & Consul ng Services Reliability & Maintenance Audits & Inves ga ons Project Management Construc on Management

Tel: +61 8 9442 3333

www.mintrex.com.au

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

DELEGATES SOCIAL PROGRAM SUNDAY AUGUST 27

(see schedule in book for exact times and locations)

TUESDAY AUGUST 29

WELCOME RECEPTION Price: Complimentary

All delegates are invited to attend the Welcome Reception Sunday evening to network and meet old friends. Come and enjoy a complimentary drink and hors d’oeuvres.

MONDAY AUGUST 28

HISTORICAL METALLURGY LUNCHEON FEATURING THE FATHI HABASHI LECTURE

The Historical Metallurgy Committee of MetSoc will host a lunch on Monday featuring guest speaker John Marsden, President of Metallurgium presenting “A Brief History of Cyanide - Nature’s Wonder Reagent”. Price: $40 Thank you to our sponsor FLSmidth

STUDENT INDUSTRY MIXER

Students and representatives from industry invited to meet informally at the mixer. The event is free for students and industry delegates are required to RSVP via an invitation sent by MetSoc. We will announce the COM poster winner and draw participation prizes.

Price: Free Thank you to our sponsor SNC-Lavalin, thyssenkrupp, Agnico Eagle

PYRO HISTORICAL METALLURGY PUB NIGHT

Join us at our informal pub night where we will present a historical metallurgy talk by Sam Marcuson, Marcuson and Associates. The evening will include a craft beer tasting and tour, three drink tickets and a cocktail-style dinner. Thank you to our sponsors: BBA, M4 Dynamics, Kinnor and Associates, Kingston Process Metallurgy, UBC Materials Engineering, XPS, CAEng, and McEwen Mining

Price: $70

HYDROMETALLURGY SECTION LUNCHEON

The Hydrometallurgy section of MetSoc of CIM will have their annual technical section luncheon where a special presentation by Michael Collins of Sherritt International will be featured. He will speak on “Development of Autoclave Technology”. The lunch will also include the presentation of the student scholarship awards.

Price: $50

METSOC AWARDS BANQUET & RECEPTION

The Metallurgy and Materials Society of CIM will honour its outstanding members by presenting the MetSoc Awards. A three-course meal with wine and reception is included with light entertainment. Ticket prices have been subsidized with the help of our sponsor Mintrex. Your host for the evening is CBC news anchor, Suhana Meharchand. Price: $50

WEDNESDAY AUGUST

30

ENABLING METALLURGY LUNCHEON

The Enabling innovation luncheon will feature spreaker Bo Pelech, Consultant, MayorW.com. He will present “On the Front Line of Innovation”. Price: $40

Thank you to our sponsor thyssenkrupp

WOMEN OF INNOVATION LUNCHEON

Join us for the Women of Innovation symposium luncheon! The lunch will feature invited speaker, Elizabeth Cannon, President of the University of Calgary, presenting “Five Lessons in Leadership and Life”.

Price: $40 Thank you to our sponsor SNC-Lavalin

www.metsoc.org | Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum

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INVITED SPEAKERS AT LUNCHEONS Monday August 28

Tuesday August 29

Wednesday August 30

12:15 - 13:45

12:15 - 13:45

12:15 - 13:45

12:00 - 14:00

Historical Metallurgy Luncheon, featuring the Fathi Habashi Lecture

Hydrometallurgy Section Luncheon

Enabling Innovation Luncheon

Women of Innovation Luncheon

Featuring guest speaker John O. Marsden, President Metallurgium “A Brief History of Cyanide Nature’s Wonder Reagent”

Featuring guest speaker Michael Collins, Research Manager at Sherritt International “Development of Autoclave Technology”

Featuring guest speaker Bo Pelech, Strategy, Consulting and Facilitation at MayorW.com “On the Front Line of Innovation”

Featuring guest speaker Elizabeth Cannon, President, University of Calgary “Five Lessons in Leadership and Life”

Regency C Ballroom 3rd Floor

Regency C Ballroom 3rd Floor

Regency C Ballroom 3rd Floor

Grouse, 34th Floor

$40

$50

$40

$40

www.metsoc.org | Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum

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A YEAR can CHANGE EVERYTHING

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

JUST FOR STUDENTS

(see schedule in this guide for exact times and locations)

SUNDAY AUGUST 27

MEET & GREET METSOC STUDENT CHAPTERS (for Chapter members only).

Time: 16:00-17:00

MetSoc and CIM Chapters are invited to meet informally to chat and discuss the activities and challenges of their chapter function. It is also an opportunity to gather and attend the welcome reception as a group.

STUDENT FUN NIGHT!

Time: 18:30 to 24:00. Meet at the hotel lobby (RSVP required).

Students will receive an invitation a few weeks prior to the Conference to participate in a casual night out postWelcome Reception.

Students will team up and try to ‘escape the room’ at the SMARTYPANTZ (Address: 289 Abbott St #100, Vancouver, BC V6B 2K7). Purveyors of the finest Escape Room Entertainment! Escape room games are backed by story and purpose. Afterwards, students who manage to ‘escape’ can join together for a beer at a local pub.

MONDAY AUGUST 28

POSTER JUDGING CONTEST Time: 13:00-14:00

The MetSoc students Posters will be judged and students are to be present for final judging. You can post your poster on Sunday before 16:00 and tear it down on Monday after 19:00. Cash prizes will be awarded to the best student posters in various categories.

SPECIAL PRESENTATION - CAREER PATHS: WHERE WILL YOUR ENGINEERING DEGREE TAKE YOU? Time: 17:00-17:30

Members of the MetSoc Emerging Professionals (EP) program are organizing a special panel discussion prior to the Student Mixer. Four accomplished engineers will share their experiences pursuing academia, industry, consulting and management. Hosted by François Audet (Foundary Solutions) and Nishit Patel (Hatch). Our speakers at student panel discussion will be: 1) Nils Voermann, Hatch (management)

2) Mary Wells, University of Waterloo (academia) 3) Boyd Davis, KPM (consulting)

4) François Audet, Foundry Solutions (entrepreneur)

STUDENT-INDUSTRY MIXER

Time: 17:30-18:30

Meet and mingle with Industry leaders

Representatives from industry and students are invited to meet informally at the mixer. We will announce the poster winner and draw prizes. Be ready to network!

MONDAY AUGUST 28

COMPLIMENTARY STUDENT LUNCH Time: 12:10-13:30

Students are invited to a free lunch to learn about opportunities in the growing materials sciences sectors in Metal Tech Alley. Learn about our Metallurgical Industrial Development and Studies Fab Lab midaslab.ca and the support services metaltechalley.com to help launch your dream career living a dream lifestyle in Trail BC. Brought to you by Teck and the resources of Metal Tech Alley. Seating is limited and is on a first come first serve basis!

OTHER SOCIAL EVENTS (see delegates program)

We collect unused or donated tickets and distribute them back to students so that they can attend for free!! See us on the day of the particular event before 12:00 to see if tickets are available.

www.metsoc.org | Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum

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Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Student Opportunities at CIM MetSoc and CIM offer a variety of student scholarships and opportunities just for you. To obtain full eligibility criteria and procedures, visit metsoc.org or hydrometallurgysection.org Note that CIM also offers a large variety of scholarships, visit cim.org

AWARD

VALUE

DETAILS

WEBSITE

Gordon M. Ritcey Award

$5,000

One award to honour the accomplishments of a graduate student in the field of hydrometallurgy in a Canadian university.

hydrometallurgysection.org

Hydrometallurgy Undergraduate Scholarships

$2,500

Two scholarships of CAD$2,500 each annually, for undergraduate students at Canadian universities.

hydrometallurgysection.org

Lucy Rosato Undergraduate Scholarship

$5,000

One-year scholarship to a 3rd or 4th year female undergraduate student enrolled fulltime in any science and/or engineering program at a Canadian university.

hydrometallurgysection.org

MetSoc Master’s Student Scholarship

$3,000

One award to a full-time master’s MetSocCIM member student in their first year of study at a Canadian university who is pursuing a degree in metallurgy, materials engineering or related field.

metsoc.org

MetSoc Doctoral Student Scholarship

$4,000

One award to a full-time MetSoc-CIM member doctoral student in their second, third or fourth year of study at a Canadian university, pursuing a degree in metallurgy, materials engineering or related field.

metsoc.org

Ernest Peters Master’s Award

$3,000

One award to reward the accomplishments of a master’s student in the field of hydrometallurgy in a Canadian university.

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hydrometallurgysection.org

Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum | www.metsoc.org

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SOCIETY AWARDS

An important responsibility of the Metallurgy and Materials Society is to recognize and honour those members who have excelled through their outstanding contributions to metallurgy and related fields. By providing appropriate awards, the Society encourages high standards of endeavor and focuses the attention of peers and the public alike on the accomplishments and careers of our most talented members. The following distinguished metallurgists will be honoured by the Society at the Awards Banquet on Tuesday, August 29. The AIREY AWARD is a memorial to the late H.T. Airey, who played a role of fundamental importance in the creation and organization of the Annual Conference of Metallurgists for the Metallurgy and Materials Society of CIM. This award is sponsored by XPS, Expert Process Solutions, in recognition of highly significant contributions to the advancement of metallurgy in Canada. The 2017 recipient is Maurice Solar, MYSolar, Metallurgical Consultant. The

METSOC AWARD FOR RESEARCH EXCELLENCE is the premier award for an academic or research

scientist from a Canadian research laboratory or university. The award, sponsored by Rio Tinto, recognizes a lifetime contribution in teaching and research or outstanding individual work resulting in a significant breakthrough in metallurgical development. The 2017 recipient is Professor George Demopoulos, McGill University.

The SILVER MEDAL was initiated in 1986 and is awarded to individuals who have built, sustained and developed the Metallurgy and Materials Society of CIM into the present internationally renowned strong organization. The 2017 recipient is Doug Boyd, retired, Queen’s University. In January 1998, the MetSoc Board of Directors created the METSOC BRIMACOMBE AWARD to honour the memory of Professor J. Keith Brimacombe, who was an innovative giant in the field of materials process engineering. The Brimacombe award recognizes young achievers who have made noteworthy contributions in any of the scientific and technological disciplines relevant to MetSoc. The 2017 award recipient is Sina Mostaghel, Hatch.

METSOC INNOVATION AWARD The award supports the important role of innovation as a fundamental foundation to the development and growth of the Canadian metallurgical industry. Sponsored by Hatch, the award recognizes outstanding innovation in the industry, specifically innovations which have been implemented and are practiced technology, and to which a company or group of individuals are the prime contributors. The 2017 award recipient is Teck Metals Ltd. for the Advanced KIVCET™ technology.

www.metsoc.org | Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum

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Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

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METSOC ENVIRONMENTAL AWARD This award, sponsored by Teck Resources, recognizes significant contributions to the field of environmental science and engineering and sustainable development in the metallurgical and materials industry. The 2017 recipient is Paul B. Queneau, P.B. Queneau & Associates Inc. The SHERRITT HYDROMETALLURGY AWARD was established in 1976 by Sherritt Gordon Mines Limited to recognize significant contributions in the field of hydrometallurgy. The 2017 recipient is John Goode, J.R. Goode and Associates. The METSOC DISTINGUISHED MATERIALS SCIENTIST AWARD recognizes highly significant con-

tributions in the field of materials engineering. The 2017 recipient is Priti Wanjara, National Research Council Canada.

The CIM DISTINGUISHED LECTURER A Distinguished Lecturers Program was established in 1967 by CIM Council as a means to recognize and organize public presentations by individuals chosen by the Institute’s Societies/ Committees and Districts on the basis of their distinguished service and accomplishments in scientific, technical or administrative activities. The 2017 MetSoc recipient is Cameron Harris, Canadian Engineering Associates.

The LIGHT METALS BEST PAPER AWARD will be presented to Jean-Denis Brassard, D. K. Sarkar and Jean Perron for their paper titled “A short review on the applications of the super hydrophobic coatings on metals” published in the COM 2016 Proceedings, Lightweight Metals and Composites: Production, Processing and Applications” symposium. The PYROMETALLURGY BEST PAPER AWARD is presented to the best paper published in either the Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly or the CIM Journal. The 2017 Pyrometallurgy best paper is awarded to D. Yu and K. Chattopadhyay for their paper titled “Numerical simulation of copper recovery from converter slags by the utilisation of spent potlining (SPL) from aluminium electrolytic cells”, Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly, Vol. 55, No. 2, pp. 251-260, 2016. The purpose of the METSOC SCHOLARSHIP AWARDS is to encourage and support the attainment of educational goals by students who have demonstrated a high level of academic achievement at a Canadian university. The nominee’s research excellence, leadership, community service and extra-curricular activities also factor in the selection.

2017 Master’s Scholarship: Louis Simoneau, Université Laval

2017 Doctoral Scholarship: Richard Elliott, University of Toronto The 2017

OUTSTANDING METSOC STUDENT CHAPTER AWARD recognizes student chapters for

their programming efforts and level of member participation. The 2017 Outstanding Student Chapter will be announced at the ceremony.

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Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum | www.metsoc.org

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Courtesy of Sherritt International

INDUSTRIAL TOURS

SHERRITT NI-CO REFINERY & PILOT PLANT TOUR - 2 DAYS WEDNESDAY AUGUST 30 & THURSDAY AUGUST 31

ITINERARY Each registered tour participant will receive a final itinerary

Note: participants in this tour will miss Wednesday afternoon sessions.

WEDNESDAY AUGUST 30

12:30

Depart Hyatt Regency Hotel

15:00

Flight to Edmonton

13:30

17:24

18:30

19:30

Arrive at YVR Airport

VANCOUVER CITY LABORATORY TOUR THURSDAY AUGUST 31

ITINERARY Each registered tour participant will receive a final itinerary 08:00

Depart Hyatt Regency Hotel

11:30

Lunch (provided by CESL)

09:00 12:30 13:30

15:30

CESL Tour

Transit to AuTec AuTec Tour

Return to Hyatt Regency Hotel

Tour includes charter bus transportation and lunch.

Arrive in Edmonton Airport

Transfer from Airport to Edmonton hotel

Dinner / Free Time at West Edmonton Mall

THURSDAY AUGUST 31

08:30

09:00

15:15

18:10

18:40

Depart Hotel (breakfast at hotel included meet in lobby at 08:15) Tour (lunch hosted by Sherritt)

Leave Fort Saskatchewan to YVR Airport Flight to YVR Airport

Arrive in Vancouver (accommodation not provided)

www.metsoc.org | Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum

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Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

CIM COUNCIL 2017–2018 President

Ken Thomas, Ken Thomas & Associates

Immediate Past President

Michael Winship, Independent Consultant

METSOC BOARD OF DIRECTORS 2016–2017 EXECUTIVES

Immediate Past President Mary Wells, University of Waterloo President Zhenghe Xu, University of Alberta

1st Vice-President James Budac, Sherritt International 2nd Vice-President Elvi Dalgaard, Pratt & Whitney Canada

3rd Vice-President Edouard Asselin, University of British Columbia Treasurer Jeffrey Donald, SNC-Lavalin

Secretary Greg Richards, Teck Metals Ltd.

TECHNICAL SECTIONS

Environment: Noelene Ahern, AuTec Innovative Extractive Solutions Ltd. Hydrometallurgy: Mike Dry, Arithmetek Inc.

Light Metals: Julie Lévesque, Université Laval / André Phillion, McMaster University Management: Nils Voermann, Hatch

Materials: Jung Song, McGill University

Minerals Science & Engineering: Maria E. Holuszko, University of British Columbia

STANDING COMMITTEE

Peter J. Lind, Publications Chair, Goldcorp

Myriam Brochu, Student Activities Chair, École Polytechnique de Montréal

Samuel Marcuson, Historical Metallurgy Chair, Marcuson and Associates

Ian M. London, Canadian Rare Earth Elements Network (CREEN) Chair CANADIAN METALLURGICAL QUARTERLY

Editor: Joe R. McDermid, McMaster University C. Blais, Université Laval

D. Chen, Ryerson University

C. J. Ferron, HydroProc Consultants

S. Kelebek, Queen’s University

A. McLean, University of Toronto

I. Mihaylov, Vale Base Metals

M. Pekguleryuz, McGill University M. Sahoo, Suraja Consulting

S. Shankar, McMaster University

Pyrometallurgy: Mika Muinonen, XPS

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Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum | www.metsoc.org

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

TECHNICAL SECTIONS OF METSOC ENVIRONMENT

The Environment Section provides a forum for the exchange of knowledge and skills in technical and environmental areas between professionals in the metallurgical and materials industry. The Section’s activities reflect the current needs of the industry. Our mandate is to provide leadership in knowledge sharing and professional development for a broad range of environmental fields, and in the development of environmental practices and standards. Noelene Ahern, AuTec Innovative Extractive Solutions Ltd. nahern@autec.ca

HYDROMETALLURGY

The Hydrometallurgy Section’s focus in the principles and practice of extraction of metals from ores or concentrates and their subsequent transformation into useable forms by means of environmentally sound aqueous processes. www.hydrometallurgysection.org

Mike Dry, Arithmetek Inc. mike.dry@arithmetek.com

LIGHT METALS

The Light Metals Section is concerned with light metals such as Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, Lithium, Strontium and Silicon. The Section examines issues such as extraction and refining, fabrication and applications, materials characterization, recycling and the potential for industrial and commercial development. Julie Lévesque, Université Laval julie.levesque@gmc.ulaval.ca

André Phillion, McMaster University philliab@mcmaster.ca

MANAGEMENT IN METALLURGY

The Management in Metallurgy Section responds to the ever-growing needs of MetSoc members in positions requiring a set of non-technical skills rarely offered at university or in graduate studies. The Section helps members become aware of such issues as:

• • • • • • • •

Project management Human resources Strategic planning Finance Business growth strategies Implementation of new technology Risk management Environment, health and safety

Nils Voermann, Hatch nvoermann@hatch.ca

MATERIALS

The focus of the Materials Section is on all secondary processing of materials. The Section is concerned with aspects of in-situ performance of materials, under a full range of service conditions (thermal, mechanical and chemical). Emphasis is also placed upon the microdesign and engineering of high performance materials, advanced processing technologies and microstructure and property characterization of both metallic and non-metallic inorganic materials. Jung Song, McGill University jun.song2@mcgill.ca

MINERALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

The Mineral Sciences and Engineering Section brings together scientists, engineers and academics in Mineral Processing, Mineralogy and other related subjects. Emphasis is on fundamentals, research and development. The constituents of the Section are mostly researchers and development engineers from industry, research centres and universities.

Maria E. Holuszko, University of British Columbia meh@mail.ubc.ca

PYROMETALLURGY

The Pyrometallurgy Section promotes the active exchange of information within the Canadian base metal industry. This group of researchers and industrial operators focuses on thermodynamics, slag chemistry, process fundamentals, furnace design, operating practices, minor element behaviour and off-gas treatment. Incoming chair: Sina Mostaghel, Hatch sina.mostaghel@hatch.com

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Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

OTHER UPCOMING METSOC CONFERENCES AND CO-SPONSORED CONFERENCES 2018 JUNE 17–21, 2018

16th International Conference on Aluminum Alloys (ICAA16) McGill University

Montreal, Quebec

metsoc.org/icaa16

JUNE 19–22, 2018

CMSC 2018-Canadian Materials Science Conference University of Alberta Edmonton, Alberta

cmscConf.org

AUGUST 26–29, 2018 Extraction 2018

Westin Ottawa Hotel

Ottawa, Ontario

ExtractionMeeting.org

OCTOBER 14–18, 2018

COM 2018 Hosted by MS&T18 Columbus, Ohio, USA

metsoc.org/com2018-mst18

2019 AUGUST 18–21, 2019 COM 2019 Hosting Copper CU2019

Vancouver Convention Centre

Vancouver, British Columbia

metsoc.org

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Panel 1

Confirmed panelists:

8:30-9:00

Anne Millar (University of Waterloo) and Mary Wells (University of Waterloo), Collecting the Oral Histories of Women in STEM

Panel 1

9:00-9:30

Barbara Paldus - Co-Founder, Chairman and CEO of Finesse Solutions Inc. – “Seshat, Saga, and Saraswati: An introspective on feminine innovation” Knowledge, wisdom, education and healing have all been represented as Goddesses in Ancient cultures. Yet, women remain a distant minority in both venture capital and tech startups today. Moreover, while there are many significant success stories like Sheryl Sandberg (Facebook) or Meg Whitman (Ebay/HP), the media relishes in publicizing the failures of “fallen unicorns” like Marissa Mayer (Yahoo) or Elizabeth Holmes (Theranos). Can the rise of the internet and female consumer power globally increase participation of women in technology and innovation through more exposure and networking? Or is feminine innovation different, and should be measured as such?

Panelists:

Panel 1 Building the Archives of Canadian

Panelists:

9:30-10:30

Panel 2 Panelists:

Panel 3

Women in Science, Engineering, and Innovation 10:30-11:00 Coffee/networking break 11:00-12:00

Panel 2 Engineers in Industry

12:00-14:00 Lunch and keynote speaker: Dr. Elizabeth Cannon – President University of Calgary – Five Lessons in Leadership and Life 14:00-14:30 Elicia Maine (Professor Simon Fraser University), Innovation in Canada 14:30-15:30

Panel 3 Engineers in Academia and Government

15:30-16:00 Coffee break 16:00-17:00 Working groups on women in innovation

Building the Archives of Canadian Women in Science, Engineering, and Innovation Ruby Heap (Professor University of Ottawa), Monique Frize (Professor Carleton University), Claire Deschénes (Professor University Laval) Women Engineers in the Private Sector Amanda Kalhous (GM), Colleen Legzdins (Refinery Water Engineering and Associates), Denise Pothier (Stantec), Jeanette Southwood (Engineers Canada), Barbara Paldus (Finesse Inc), Romina Garcia, (StandardAero Ltd) Women Engineers in Academia and Government Stephanie Willerth (University of Victoria), Valerie Orsat (McGill University), Carolyn Ren (University of Waterloo), Toni Schmader (UBC), Catherine Mulligan (Concordia University)

Lunchtime Keynote: Elizabeth Cannon – President University of Calgary Five Lessons in Leadership and Life Lunch sponsored by SNCLavalin

17:00-17:30 Presentation of working groups outcomes/Recap

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Women of Innovation

Working Symposium Program

Thank you to our sponsors GOLD SPONSORS

SILVER SPONSORS

SUPPORTERS

LUNCH SPONSOR

xlii

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SYMPOSIUM PLENARY Advanced Measuring Techniques and Technologies in Mineral Processing Advances in Materials Manufacturing

LOCATION Regency DEF 3rd floor Georgia B – 2nd floor

AM

PM

AM

PM

Characterization Techniques (start: 14:00) p.4

Colloidal Interactions Keynote, Geometallurgy (start: 8:00) p.6

Mineral Processing (start: 14:00) p.8

Breaking/Crushing/Grinding (start: 15:40) p.5

Real-Time Online-Measuring and Sorting Techniques (start: 10:05) p.7

Flotation - (start: 10:05) p.2

Materials Manufacturing II (start: 14:00) p.11

General Hydrometallurgy

Plaza B - 2nd floor

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Plaza C - 2nd floor

Nickel-Cobalt 2017 (4th International Conference) Hydrometallurgy of NickelCobalt

Nickel-Cobalt 2017 (4th International Conference) Pyrometallurgy of NickelCobalt

Regency B 3rd floor

Corrosion (start: 8:00) p.18

Corrosion (start: 10:05) p.17

Corrosion (start: 10:05) p.19

Energy (start: 15:40) p.27

Refinery Operations (start: 10:05) p.42

Hydromet Dev I (start: 10:05) p.34

Light Metal Alloys (start: 14:00) p.38

Light Metal Alloys (start: 8:00) p.40

Light Metal Alloys (start: 15:40) p.39

Light Metal Alloys (start: 10:05) p.41

Process Development: Laterites I (start: 15:40) p.44

Regency A 3rd floor

Plaza A - 2nd floor

Georgia A 2nd floor

Enabling Innovation (start: 10:05) p.22

Enabling Innovation Panel (start: 15:40) p.24

Hydromet Dev II (start: 14:00) p.36

Hydromet Operations (start: 15:40) p.33

Process Development: Laterites I (start: 14:00) p.43

Enabling Innovation (start: 14:00) p.23

Water (start: 10:05) p.28

Hydromet Operations (start: 14:00) p.32 Copper Hydrometallurgy (start: 10:05) p.31

Enabling Innovation (start: 8:00) p.21

Arsenic; Waste Management (start: 14:00) p.29

Energy (start: 14:00) p.26

Prince of Wales 3rd floor Regency B 3rd Floor

Regency DEF 3rd floor

World Gold (7th International Conference)

Corrosion (start: 8:00) p.16

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Energy and Eco-Efficiency; Discussion (start: 10:05) p.25

Materials Manufacturing IV (start: 8:00) p.13

Materials Manufacturing III (start: 15:40) Materials Manufacturing V (start: 10:05) p.14 p.12

Materials Manufacturing I (start: 10:05) p.10

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

PM

Invited Plenaries (start: 8:30) p.1

Plaza C - 2nd floor

Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing

AM

AGM (start: 8:00)

Corrosion and Environmental Stanley - 34th floor Degradation of Materials Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy

WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 30

TUESDAY, AUGUST 28

MONDAY, AUGUST 28

Pyro+Hydrometallurgy of Ni-Co KEYNOTE (start: 8:00) p.45 Process Development: Sulfides (start: 10:05) p.46

Hydromet Dev II (start: 15:40) p.36

High Pressure Equipment (start: 15:40) p.48

Metals Separation and Recovery I (start: 8:00) p.49 Process Development: Laterites II (start: 10:05) p.50 Recycling and Tailings Treatment (start: 10:05) p.52

General Pyrometallurgy I (start: 14:00) p.61 Ni-Co Sea Nodule Processing (start: 15:40) p.62

General Pyrometallurgy II (start: 8:00) p.62 Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology II: (start: 10:05) p.64

Extractive Metallurgy: Cyanide Leaching and Alternatives I (start: 14:00) p.77

Mineralogy and Characterization: Case Studies (start: 8:00) p.80 Process Control and Optimization (start: 10:05) p.84 Operations: Improving Gold Recovery II (start: 8:00) p.81 Pre-Concentration (start: 10:05) p.85

HPAL Operations (start: 14:00) p.48

Metals Separation and Recovery II (start: 14:00) p.53 Metals Separation and Recovery II (start: 15:40) p.54

Pyro+Hydrometallurgy of Ni-Co KEYNOTE – (start: 8:00) p.59

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Operations (start: 10:05) p.55

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling (start: 14:00) p.57 Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling (start: 15:40) p.58 Extractive Metallurgy: Preg-robbing I (start: 14:00) p.68

World Gold Keynote (start: 10:05) p.67

Extractive Metallurgy: Preg-robbing II (start: 15:40) p.70 Process Modelling (start: 14:00) p.69 Comminution and Mineral Processing (start: 15:40) p.71 Environmental: Mercury and Arsenic Remediation (start: 14:00) p.69 Operations: Improving Gold Recovery I (start: 15:40) p.72

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology I: (start: 10:05) p.59 World Gold Panel (start: 8:00) p.73 Extractive Metallurgy: Pressure Oxidation (start: 10:05) p.73

Mineralogy and Characterization: Geometallurgy (start: 10:05) p.75

Environmental: Novel Methods of Gold Recovery (start: 10:05) p.76

Environmental: Reducing Water Usage (start: 14:00) p.78 Environmental: Cyanide Measurement and Destruction (start: 15:40) p.79

Mineralogy and Characterization: Techniques (start: 14:00) p.88

Operations: Pre-Treatments (start: 14:00) p.89

China Gold Keynote (starts 16:30) p.80

Plaza B - 2nd floor

Women of Innovation

Georgia B 2nd floor

Extractive Metallurgy: Cyanide Leaching Extractive Metallurgy: Gold Tellurides and Selenides (start: 14:00) p.90 and Alternatives II (start: 8:00) p.82 Extractive Metallurgy: Atmospheric Leaching (start: 10:05) p.86 Women of Innovation (start: 8:30) p.xli

Women of Innovation (start: 14:00) p.xli

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

HYATT REGENCY VANCOUVER FLOOR PLAN

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THANK YOU TO OUR SPONSORS

COM 2017 PREMIUM SPONSORS

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COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

TECHNICAL PROGRAM REGENCY DEF - 3RD FLOOR INVITED PLENARY MON AM 8:00 8:00 – Annual General Meeting of the Metallurgy & Materials Society of CIM 8:30 –The Golden Age of Canadian Metallurgy Samuel Marcuson, Marcuson and Associates; Erich Weidenhammer, William McRae, and Anna Adamek, Canada Science and Technology Museum Corporation

In 2015, the Canada Science and Technology Museum Corporation (CSTMC) and the Historical Metallurgy Committee of Metsoc-CIM jointly undertook two legacy projects. In the Oral History of Canadian Mining, events and developments of the past halfcentury have been chronicled through some 75 interviews with academics, government employees, industrial researchers, operators and labor leaders. The History of Canadian Metallurgy is a monograph outlining the contribution of the metallurgical enterprise to the development of Canada from a history of technology perspective. The rise and fall of Canadian metallurgical operations, Canadian technology achievements, and the roles of Canadian metallurgists, research laboratories and professional organizations are examined. In the 2011 volume The Canadian Metallurgical and Materials Landscape: 1960–2011 the editors

dubbed the period from about 1950 to 1990 the “Golden Age” of mining and metals in Canada, a time when Canada was a global leader. Public and private support for research and development created truly innovative achievements generating tremendous wealth and growth and thrusting Canada into the international forefront of metallurgical development. Employing insights and interviews from the Legacy Projects, this presentation provides a description of the Golden Age, discusses Canadian metallurgy in these halcyon years and grapples with the question of whether this age will return.

9:00 – What/Who is Preventing You from Innovating (and Other Excuses)? Nathan Stubina, McEwen Mining

Newspapers are replete with articles denouncing the dearth of innovation in the mining sector. At the same time, the mining industry is facing many difficult challenges: lower grade ores, smaller deposits, increasing costs, tighter margins, faltering capital markets, political risks, increased social demands, higher taxes, etc.

If you ask senior mining executives, they generally agree that innovation is essential to the survival of their companies. Their actions, however, often do not reflect this imperative. Why not?

This presentation examines some of the barriers to innovation and what we all can do to move our industry forward.

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Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

ADVANCED MEASURING TECHNIQUES AND TECHNOLOGIES IN MINERAL PROCESSING ROOM

AM1

AM2

PM1

PM2

Characterization Techniques MON PM1 14:00

Breaking/Crushing/Grinding MON PM2 15:40

Monday, August 28 Flotation MON AM2 10:05

Georgia B – 2nd floor

Tuesday, August 29

Georgia B – 2nd floor

Colloidal Interactions Keynote, Geometallurgy TUE AM1 8:00

Real-Time Online-Measuring and Sorting Techniques TUE AM2 10:05

Monday, August 28

10:30 – Paper No.: 9690 The Effect of Non-Polar Oil on Batch Flotation of Fine Hematite and Quartz Using Sodium Oleate or Hydroxamic Acids as Collectors

GEORGIA B - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: FLOTATION - MON AM2 10:05 10:05 – Paper No.: 9698 KEYNOTE: Hydrolysis of Metallic Ions in Mineral Processing Circuits and its Effect on Flotation Janusz Laskowski, University of British Columbia, N.B. Keevil Institute of Mining Engineering S. Castro, Water Research Centre for Agriculture and Mining, University of Concepción ABSTRACT Hydrolysis of metallic ions dramatically

depends on pH, and hydrolysis products can either activate flotation, can lead to inadvertent activation of gangue particles, but can also depress flotation of valuable components. One of the most recently studied topics is the use of seawater in flotation. Seawater is a concentrated NaCl solution (about 0.6 mole/L) that also contains considerable amount of Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions. The hydrolysis products of Mg2+ strongly depress flotation of molybdenite over the pH ranges over which they form in the process water. This effect can be eliminated by removal of hydrolysing ions from the process water or by carrying out the flotation at the pH over which such hydrolysis products are not formed. The former can be exemplified by the use of dispersants, and the latter can be exemplified by the use of metabisulfite to depress pyrite in the flotation of Cu-Mo sulfide ores in seawater, the process that is carried out at much lower pH that avoids formation of Mg2+ hydrolysis products.

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Mineral Processing TUE PM1 14:00

Hao Li, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta Mingxia Liu, University of Alberta and Central South University Qi Liu, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta ABSTRACT Laboratory batch flotation tests were car-

ried out on fine (–20 µm) hematite to investigate the non-polar oil’s influences when sodium oleate, octyl hydroxamic acid, or oleyl hydroxamic acid was used as a collector. Batch flotation tests were performed with artificial mixed minerals (hematite:quartz = 1:1) under natural pH condition and kerosene was utilized as the model oil. The experimental results showed that kerosene emulsion behaved differently when used in conjunction with the three collectors. Kerosene helped improve the flotation when sodium oleate or oleyl hydroxamic acid was used as a collector. Nevertheless, it reduced concentrate weight yield, grade and recovery to a noticeable extent when octyl hydroxamic acid was used as a collector, especially at low dosages. In addition, single hematite batch flotation kinetics tests coupled with water recovery measurement were carried out to study the role of kerosene at different collector dosages. It was observed that water drainage and the resulting froth destabilization by kerosene was dominant at low collector dosages, especially in the flotation using octyl hydroxamic acid. At higher collector dosages, the water drainage and froth destabilization effect by kerosene was possibly counter-balanced by the higher hematite hydrophobicity and bubble surface tension gradient, which led to more stable froth layer.

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Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

10:55 – Paper No.: 9703 Electrochemical Characteristics of Iron Sulfide Minerals in the Presence of SMBS and TETA and the Case for their Joint Action Alexander Cushing, A. Ghahreman, and S. Kelebek, The Robert M. Buchan Department of Mining, Queen’s University ABSTRACT Iron sulfides in many ore deposits affect

flotation separation of non-ferrous base metals from the ore. Open-circuit potential (OCP), potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance (EIS) measurements were carried out with pyrite and pyrrhotite electrodes to investigate their reactivity under various flotation conditions, which involved use of triethylene tetramine (TETA), sodium metabisulfite (SMBS), and their combination. TETA was found to adsorb on electrode surfaces, causing a significant increase in charge transfer resistance of the product formed, which was most significant at OCP. This effect was much less with SMBS, indicating its greater surface reactivity compared to TETA. The combined use of these reagents decreased charge transfer resistance to a greater degree than their individual uses. Addition of Cu2+ as a potential activator to this system nearly eliminated the action of TETA on the electrode surface, which can be attributed to sequestration/chelate formation in liquid phase. The relative effects of these reagents on pyrrhotite electrodes were similar to that of pyrite. The main difference between pyrite and pyrrhotite electrodes was that the charge transfer resistance on the pyrrhotite surface observed with each reagent case was significantly (3 to 4 fold) lower. This is compatible with its anodic nature and ease of oxidation since the OCP value of pyrrhotite was lower than that of pyrite. Results will be discussed in relation to flotation/depression behavior of these iron sulfide minerals in various mineral separation processes.

11:20 – Paper No.: 9750 Separation of Nickeliferous Hexagonal Pyrrhotite in Processing of Ni-Cu Sulphide Ores: Recovery by Size Performance Caglar Tukel, Izmir Metropolitan Municipality Sadan Kelebek, Queen’s University ABSTRACT Efficient separation of minerals is the

essence of mineral processing. Separation of hexagonal pyrrhotite in processing of Ni-Cu sulphide ores was investigated together with particle size effects with respect to selective flotation recovery of pentlandite and nickel. The recovery by size

response was compared for sodium metabisulphite (SMBS), triethylenetetramine (TETA) and their combinations with amyl xanthate as a collector. The pyrrhotite recovery for all sizes is lower than that of pentlandite for the blank case as well as individual cases with SMBS and TETA. For pyrrhotite, the recovery by size relations in the case of individual uses of reagents were mainly determined by recovery losses at coarser size range (>74 µm), which occurs at a coarser size for pentlandite (>212 µm). The combined use of SMBS and TETA, and the associated synergistic effect very significantly knocked down the pyrrhotite recovery to less than 7% that was a maximum for the –10 microns (attributable to hydraulic entrainment). High recovery of pentlandite in a wide range of intermediate sizes and drastically low recovery of pyrrhotite resulted in a very efficient separation of pentlandite from pyrrhotite in all sizes. Separation of this mineral is discussed in relation to fundamental functionality of the reagents used.

11:45 – Paper No.: 9543 Flotation of a High-Grade Free-Milling Gold Ore Using Xanthate and Carboxylic Acids as Collectors Sadan Kelebek, Queen’s University T. Richards, Wolf Minerals Limited E. Koss, Gekko Systems U. Demir, Dumlupinar University ABSTRACT Laboratory-scale tests were carried out to

investigate the response of a high-grade (~140 g/tonne) well-liberated gold ore to flotation using two collectors. A conventional xanthate collector was tested against a carboxylic acid under moderate and high redox potential conditions. The latter was based upon the suggestion from the literature that monocarboxylic acids are able to adsorb onto the surface of gold at redox potentials of around 900 mV. This investigation did not demonstrate that carboxylic acid could function as a collector for gold in real ores. In fact, it appears to have slightly depressed gold. However, the results demonstrated that amyl xanthate acted as an effective gold collector for this ore and that an increase in the collector dosage led to an increase in recovery for all mean particle sizes. Gold recoveries of around 95% were attainable in concentrates with grades exceeding 6 kg/tonne, indicating that xanthate flotation remains a viable means of concentrating gold even at coarse grain sizes. Various aspects of the process such as grade-recovery performance, kinetics and recovery by size will be discussed.

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COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

GEORGIA B - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: CHARACTERIZATION TECHNIQUES MON PM1 14:00 14:00 – Paper No.: 9559 A New Particle-Bubble Attachment Timer as a Quick Diagnostic Tool for Mineral Floatability Testing Markus Aspiala, Nóra Schreithofer, and Rodrigo Serna, Aalto University, Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Research Group of Mechanical Process and Recycling Technology ABSTRACT The novel attachment timer apparatus

presented in this paper serves as a diagnostic tool that allows the detection of changes in bubble-particle attachment probability and therefore floatability caused by alterations in the chemical environment and particle properties. The apparatus consists of six identical capillaries, where bubbles with defined size are produced simultaneously in a measurement chamber. The bubbles at the capillary tips are placed in contact with the submerged particle bed for specific time periods, controlled with the help of automatic actuators. The advantage of the instrument is that hundreds of bubble-particle contacts can be measured automatically within a short time period. Microscopic pictures of each measured bubble are taken while recording the movement of the bubble before, during, and after contact with the solid particles. The recorded pictures can be used to determine the actual bubble size and its corresponding deviation, and to detect the attachment of particles. The attached particles are collected in a detachable chamber for subsequent characterization. Furthermore, the device is portable and can be taken to mineral processing plants for quick evaluation of particle-bubble attachment probability with particles and process water sampled directly from real processes.

14:25 – Paper No.: 9674 Selection of Reagents Based on Surface Chemistry as Derived from Micro-FTIR Mapping of Coal Surface to Facilitate Selectivity in Coal Flotation Maria Holuszko, Norman B. Keevil Institute of Mining Engineering, University of British Columbia Wei Wang, Norman B. Keevil Institute of Mining Engineering, University of British Columbia and China University of Mining and Technology Amit Kumar, Norman B. Keevil Institute of Mining Engineering, University of British Columbia Maria D. Mastalerz, Indiana Geological Survey, Indiana University ABSTRACT Selection of reagents for coal flotation is usually accomplished by tedious test work and

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Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

optimization, without emphasis on the selectivity toward any of the coal components. Selection of reagents based on the surface chemistry of coal components (macerals) would be a more effective and rational approach, but the development of such procedure needs to be yet established. In this study, the micro-FTIR analysis was used to investigate in-situ surface properties of coal and its components (macerals) and these were directly correlated to the coal hydrophobicity as measured by contact angle before and after reagent addition to understand the suitability of the reagent for flotation. Micro-FTIR technique can provide semiquantitative analysis of the chemical functional groups on coal surface, exactly where the contact angle is being measured. Selected functional groups and their ratios that provide information about aromaticity, the contribution of oxygenated groups, and aliphaticity are used to evaluate reactivity between reagents and various coal components. The observations made in relation to susceptibility of some reagents towards certain coal components should lead a way to a smarter way of process design in terms of reagents selection for coal flotation.

14:50 – Paper No.: 9668 An Evaluation of the Application of X-Ray Microscopy in Understanding Gold Losses in Tailings Shaun Graham, Carl Zeiss Chris Brough, Petrolab ABSTRACT The extractive metallurgy of gold is largely

controlled by mineralogical factors such as the presence of refractory gold, particle size, gangue mineral associations, presence of preg-robbers, oxygen and cyanide consumers, and locking characteristics in base metal sulfides. Light microscopy and automated mineralogy techniques are regularly used to characterize the effect of these variables on gold recovery. However, despite their widespread application, there are a range of limitations when grades are low. Typically, the analysis of low-grade samples requires the preparation and analysis of numerous polished blocks. This is often costly and time consuming, with complexities regarding analyzing statistically representative particle quantities and problems overcoming stereological bias. This is compounded by the “nugget” effect and high tenor nature of gold mineralization. X-ray microscopy (XRM) techniques have the potential to overcome many of these problems, in particular the statistical representivity

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Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

of analysis, removing stereological bias and effectively locating phases that are present in ultra-trace proportions. In this paper we outline the potential benefits of employing XRM in characterizing gold losses from a typical Cu-Au porphyry project, which were illusive in 2D-based analysis. The talk will also outline additional application areas of XRM within the extractive value chain.

GEORGIA B - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: BREAKING/CRUSHING/GRINDING MON PM2 15:40 15:40 – Paper No.: 9460 Comparison of Enhancement of Mineral Liberation by HPGR, Microwave, and Electrical Disintegration on Copper Ore Ryo Kawarabuki, Masato Kosugi, J. V. Satur, K. Mitsuhashi, and M. Kawata, Nittetsu Mining Co., Ltd. Yoshiaki Kon, B. Calabia, and T. Takagi, National Institute for Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Kengo Horiuchi and Chiharu Tokoro, Waseda University Yusuke Iwazaki, G. Dodbiba, K. Okaya, and Toyohisa Fujita, The University of Tokyo ABSTRACT The liberation of copper minerals is

important in ensuring high flotation efficiency in copper sulfide flotation. The high pressure grinding roll (HPGR), microwave (MW), and electric disintegration (ED) feature enhanced liberation over conventional comminution machines such as jaw crushers and ball mills by producing internal stresses on minerals or mineral grain boundaries through high compressive forces, thermal expansion of minerals, and pulsed high voltage discharges. In this study, each of these methods was applied before ball mill grinding to investigate its effect on enhancing the liberation of copper minerals in a fine-grained, low grade copper ore. The copper minerals are chalcocite, bornite, and chalcopyrite and their grain sizes range from 10– 500 µm. The gangue minerals are calcite, quartz, and feldspar. The liberation of the copper minerals by the different methods was analyzed using the mineral liberation analyzer (MLA) and compared. Results showed that the HPGR crushing was the most effective for enhancing copper mineral liberation. HPGR bench-scale testwork was then conducted on the copper ore and flotation was applied on a HPGR-treated sample to confirm the improvement in the flotation performance by applying HPGR.

16:05 – Paper No.: 9754 Analysis of Variables Governing the Operation of a Vertical Stirred Mill Bern Klein and Baker Francis Giyani, University of British Columbia David Rahal, FLSmidth ABSTRACT Stirred media mills have proved to be

more energy-efficient than the conventional ball milling for fine grinding applications. The mill performance is governed by a number of operating variables including mill stirrer speed, feed particle size, solids content and slurry rheology. A study was conducted to assess effects of mill speed, media size and density, and slurry density on the Stress Intensity (SI) in a VXPmill and thereby the relationship to mill performance. For the mill speeds tested, it was found that the optimum tip speed is 7 m/s. If the speed is too high (12 m/s) energy losses result due to mechanical friction losses and heat generation. If the speed is too low (3 m/s), the kinetic energy is not sufficient to promote breakage. The size reduction ratio increases with the increase in mill speed and the decrease in solids content especially in the coarse fraction particle sizes. The effect of slurry rheology on mill performance was shown by assessing the effects of increasing solids concentration and decreasing particle size. Rheological effects seemed to interact with mill speed such that the mill was less energyefficient at higher solids content and at higher mill speeds particularly for grinding to fine particle sizes. There is an optimum SI for the comminution, which in the case of feldspars-quartz slurries, was around 3.0–3.5 × 10-3 NM.

16:30 – Paper No.: 9627 Investigation on the Energy Distribution of Electrical Disintegration Shuji Owada, Sho Terada, and Taiki Senga, Waseda University Takao Namihira, Kumamoto University ABSTRACT Electrical disintegration (ED) is well known

as a good comminution method to improve liberation of componential elements, because electron avalanche could occur preferentially at the phase boundary. However, the detailed mechanism of ED is still not known. This paper describes the results of ED experiments using binary copper/resin synthetic samples under various conditions (e.g., applied voltage, electrode-sample distance) while measuring changes of potential and current with elapsed time. Three kinds of energies consumed in the processes of (1) streamer progression, (2) electron avalanche in water and sample phases, (3)

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shockwave generation in water could be calculated from the above results. Then, each contribution of the above phenomena could be obtained in the ED process. We also applied two-stage ED to liberation of sintered Ta in Ta capacitors installed on printed circuit boards (PCBs). Ta capacitors were detached from PCBs in non-destructive form in the first stage and sintered Ta was liberated from covered resin in the second stage. The liberation performance was compared with mechanical hammer crushing. The ED gave much higher liberation degree than hammer crushing, which would indicate that the ED products showed a higher efficiency in the subsequent physical concentration of sintered Ta.

Tuesday, August 29

ROOM NUMBER: GEORGIA B - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: COLLOIDAL INTERACTIONS KEYNOTE, GEOMETALLURGY - TUE AM1 8:00 8:00 – Paper No.: 9766 KEYNOTE: Recent Advances in Studying Colloidal Interactions in Mineral Processing Zhenghe Xu, University of Alberta and Southern University of Science and Technology Qingxia Liu and Zuoli Li, University of Alberta ABSTRACT Colloidal interactions play a critical role in

mineral processing, including grinding, physical separation (particularly flotation), dewatering and tailings management. Despite great energy input in comminution to liberate valuables from gangues, hetero-coagulation between valuables and gangues would prevent separation of valuables from gangues. On the other hand, selective coagulation/flocculation to increase the size of fine particles could enhance physical separation and dewatering, while dispersion is needed for fine grinding. To control the state of colloidal dispersions by creating favorable conditions, it is of paramount importance to be able to measure colloidal interactions in a relevant system conditions. This presentation will summarize recent advances in techniques of measuring colloidal interactions, including atomic force microscope, surface force apparatus, zeta potential distribution measurement, quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation, induction timer and our recently developed integrated thin liquid film apparatus. The basic principle of each techniques will be introduced first, followed by presentation on critical informa-

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tion relevant to mineral processing systems and finally the pros and cons of each technique to emphasize the use of complementary techniques to tackle a basic problem in mineral processing.

8:50 – Paper No.: 9517 Incorporation of Geometallurgical Modelling into Long-Term Production Planning Alessandro Navarra, Universidad Católica del Norte Tassos Grammatikopoulos, SGS Canada Inc. Kristian Waters, McGill University ABSTRACT Strategic decisions to develop a mineral

deposit are subject to geological uncertainty, due to the sparsity of drill core samples. The selection of metallurgical equipment is especially critical, since it restricts the processing options that are available to different ore blocks, even as the nature of the deposit is still highly uncertain. Current approaches for long-term mine planning are successful at addressing geological uncertainty, but do not adequately represent alternate modes of operation for the mineral processing plant, nor do they provide sufficient guidance for developing processing options. Nonetheless, recent developments in metaheuristics and computer data structures have resulted in a framework that can integrate operational modes into strategic mine planning algorithms. A logical next step is to incorporate geometallurgical models that relate mineralogical features to plant performance, as described in this paper.

9:15 – Paper No.: 9537 Geometallurgical Modelling for Grinding Media Consumption Based on Advanced Mineral Characterization Techniques Eduardo Díaz, Leandro Voisin, and Willy Kracht, Universidad de Chile Víctor Montenegro, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) ABSTRACT Grinding media are of great concern in

the mining industry mainly because media consumption represents an important part of the costs during mineral processing and consequently of the total mining business OPEX. In addition, grinding media consumption directly affects flotation performance through negative contamination by corrosion, affecting the pulp chemical potential and making the understanding and control of the process complex because galvanic interactions occur between mineral species. In addition, during the process there is a physical consumption of the grinding media through erosion and impact. In both cases, mineralogy plays an important role

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because pulp abrasion power, chemical reactivity, rheology, hardness, and other variables depend on the minerals contained into the pulp and their combinations. In the present study a geometallurgical and phenomenological model that describes the grinding media consumption and its relationship with mineral hardness expressed by the Bond Work Index, was obtained based on advanced mineral characterization techniques such as Hylogger3TM, X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, and experimental grinding test using a laboratory mill applied on Chilean copper porphyry pulps. The model allows recognizing the mineral combinations that are more influential on overall grinding media consumption and the role of the hardness on this phenomenon.

ROOM NUMBER: GEORGIA B - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: REAL-TIME ONLINE-MEASURING AND SORTING TECHNIQUES - TUE AM2 10:05 10:05 – Paper No.: 9374 Faster Analysis: Recent Advances in Geoscan On-Belt Analysis Techniques Allowing for Rapid Real-Time Measurement of Minerals Luke Balzan, Andrew Harris, and Zoran Bauk, Scantech International Pty Ltd. ABSTRACT Real-time, on-belt analysis of minerals is

becoming increasingly important and critical in modern operations, especially in the mine-to-mill. Prompt gamma neutron activation analysis has long been used for real-time elemental analysis in bulk materials, with Scantech’s Geoscan being the instrument of choice in the minerals sector. Working in the minerals space for 15 years, the Geoscan has been successfully implemented in a wide range of minerals applications, including iron, copper, lead-zinc, manganese, and phosphate, and it caters to the very high demands and increasing requirements of a contemporary processing facility. An area of focus has been on increasing the analysis frequency to allow for rapid analysis results with the same high degree of accuracy typically expected of the Geoscan. This paper discusses the underlying research and technology that has enabled such rapid analysis and presents a range of examples using a thorough statistical approach on real production material, demonstrating achievable accuracy over a short analysis time, and dispelling common myths about the speed of the technique. Potential applications are discussed to conclude the paper.

10:30 – Paper No.: 9378 UltraGold: Real-Time Gold-in-Slurry Analysis with 100 ppb Accuracy Yves Van Haarlem, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) ABSTRACT Real-time, on-stream analysis of the metal

content of process slurries is an essential prerequisite for process monitoring and advanced control. On-stream X-ray fluorescence sensors for base metal applications are available commercially and form the basis of many plant monitoring circuits. To date, these commercial technologies have been insufficiently sensitive to measure precious metals such as gold and platinum group elements, typically present at parts-per-million level and below. CSIRO has developed an X-ray based technology, called UltraGold, which enables detection of gold in slurries on a real-time basis with an accuracy below 100 parts-per-billion. This technology is based on the use of X-ray optics, extensive Monte Carlo computer modelling, and detailed X-ray spectrum analysis. In this paper we will introduce this technology and discuss the results of a proof of principle study performed in the laboratory with plant slurries (feed, tail, and concentrate) from Australian and Chinese gold concentration plants. Finally, we will discuss further planned improvements. As projected grades in (gold) mining around the world fall and several large-scale mines approach the limits of their economic reserves, this method can enable significantly reduced operating costs by rapid analysis to improve control and hence recovery.

10:55 – Paper No.: 9361 Suitability of On-Belt Elemental Analysis for Real-Time Ore Quality Measurement and Bulk Sorting Henry Kurth, Scantech International Pty Ltd. ABSTRACT Real time analysis of conveyed bulk mate-

rials can be used to improve process performance by reducing variability, and upgrading ore quality through selective removal of increments of flow that do not meet appropriate selection criteria. This paper focuses on proven prompt gamma neutron activation analysis (PGNAA) and microwave transmission technologies used to representatively measure conveyed ore quality in real time, so that meaningful decisions can be made between the mine and mill. This enables the effective removal by bulk diversion of small increments of conveyed flow such as waste, highly deleterious material, or sub-economic material from the mill feed.

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Improved ore quality in plant feed optimizes process performance, reduces processing costs, and minimizes tailings generation. Analysis is unaffected by particle size, dust, layering, segregation, mineralogy, or belt speed. Technologies are explained and performance examples given from installations in copper, zinc-lead, and iron ore. The technology has been used successfully in bulk sorting for more than 20 years, typically using measured increments of a few minutes. Improvements in technology and calibration performance have resulted in accurate measurements over increments of 30 seconds and below.

11:20 – Paper No.: 9502 Technical Review and Evaluation of Ore Sorting Technologies on Precious Metals Operations Brent Hilscher, Preetham Nayak, Leo Lorio, and Nawoong Yoon, Sacre-Davey Engineering ABSTRACT Mining has been a staple to technological

advancement ever since the dawn of time. By harnessing the different physical and chemical properties that each mining commodity brings to the table, more and more innovation is developed and manufactured. As these non-renewable resources continue to be extracted, the industry as a whole faces a challenge in finding the next economical deposit as well as declining grade at the current operations. By means of pre-concentration, ore sorting aims to separate the barren material from the valuable ore to reduce energy consumption and tailings generation, while increasing the feed grade, concentrate grade, mill recovery, and revenue. In addition, ore sorting allows the modification of deposit geometallurgy in order to allow the creation of an optimal mill feed. This paper evaluates the applicability and challenges of ore sorting by utilizing the results from four different mines, and reviews them in detail. The mines include one underground and three open pit mines that are precious metal operations. In order to understand the applicability of ore sorting in these operations, initial rock-by-rock test results and different types of assays (atomic adsorption [AA], inductively coupled plasma [ICP], and fire assay) are utilized. Using the assay results, the grade recovery curves for ore sorting are generated and they are further improved by using and developing an ore sorting algorithm, which is discussed in this paper. The application and evaluation of ore sorting in greenfield and brownfield properties will also be discussed. The state of

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the art ore sorting technologies for both rock-byrock and bulk sorting are also reviewed in this paper. The future technologies on the horizon, including different combinations of sensors, are explained. The sorting technologies include X-ray transmission (XRT), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), colour, infrared, electromagnetic, and laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS).

11:45 – Paper No.: 9722 Ore Sorting of Low-Grade Gold Sulphide Deposits Lutke von Ketelhodt, STEINERT US Inc. L. Kotelo and N. Schmalbein, STEINERT Elektromagnetbau GmbH ABSTRACT Barkerville Gold Mines (BGM) is focused

on building a sustainable, low impact, innovative, high-margin mining company in British Columbia’s Cariboo mining district. Of the 212,000 ha mineral rights, three principal project areas are being developed into producing mines. The first producing mine site is Bonanza Ledge. During 2017, the underground mining operation will commence. The ore will be trucked the 120 km hauling distance to BGM’s fully permitted mill and tailings facility, QR Mill. A large PAG stock pile of 331,814 tons at a grade of 0.8 g/t had been left by the previous owners/operators of Bonanza Ledge. As a production start-up phase it was decided to mine and upgrade this PAG pile to 3.5 g/t using a STEINERT XRT sorter. Initial sorting test work has shown good results using dual-energy X-ray sensor system. Gold-bearing sulfides in the calcareous siltstone have a distinctly stronger X-ray absorption pattern than the waste rocks consisting mainly of carbonaceous/green pelite. During January 2017, a STEINERT XRT sorter was installed and commissioned, operating at 70 to 100 t/h and generating a concentrate ore of 3.5–4 g/t at 20% mass recovery. The paper outlines details of this project and production results of sorting project.

ROOM NUMBER: GEORGIA B - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: MINERAL PROCESSING - TUE PM1 14:00 14:00 – Paper No.: 9663 Liberation Modelling Based on Comminution of Tungsten Ore Using Mineral Liberation Analysis Sarbast Hamid, Pura Alfonso, Eduard Guasch, Hernan Anticoi, Josep Oliva, and Teresa Escobet, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya BarcelonaTech ABSTRACT Liberation modelling of mineral particles

using mineral liberation analysis (MLA) has been

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14:25 – Paper No.: 9414 Analysis of Particle Size Distribution in Dump Leaching Using Aerial Image Analysis and Verification by Rock Blasting Models Shuo Zhang and Wenying Liu, University of British Columbia ABSTRACT In dump leaching, the efficiency of metal

extraction from ores is strongly influenced by the mechanisms of fluid flow. Particle size distribution (PSD) acts as a fundamental parameter in the determination of fluid flow properties in ore beds. In this study, we investigated the PSD in dump leaching using image analysis. Results showed that the particles in the dump varied from smaller than 2 cm to larger than 200 cm in diameter. The P80 was calculated to be 200 cm, which was significantly higher than the historical data used by the operation. The P25, P50, and P80 were found to increase non-linearly with increasing depth towards the toe of the dump, suggesting the segregation of fine and coarse particles. The image analysis results were verified by applying the rock fragmentation model and the Newton’s Second Law of motion. The model with the Swebrec function was found to be in agreement with the image analysis results. The application of Newton’s law provided a PSD curve in parallel to that derived from the image analysis. Future research will investigate the effect of PSD on the behaviour of fluid flow.

14:50 – Paper No.: 9656 New Innovations for Dewatering Using TeepeeTM Panels on Vibrating Screens Anthony Yell, Tema Isenmann Inc. ABSTRACT Recovery of water is always a major factor

in the beneficiation process. As preparation plants become larger the recovery of water for reuse, is a critical cost consideration. Tema Isenmann Inc., in conjunction with our sister Company Multotec Manufacturing, has over the years, developed numerous different Screen Panels, Sieve Bends and Static Screens for dewatering. This paper will focus on a new innovation, the TeePeeTM Panel, which has double the open area of conventional Screen Panels. This results in efficient dewatering (reduced filter cake moistures), which allows for the use of smaller Vibrating Screens or increased capacity on existing Vibrating Screens. A major factor in the efficiency of any Screen Panel, including TeePeeTM Panels, is the performance of the Vibrating Screen. If the Vibrating Screen does not have the required gravitational force or screen area to drain it will not dewater efficiently. Therefore a holistic approach has to be taken where the Vibrating Screen needs to operate at an optimal level, in conjunction with the correct Screen Panels, to achieve efficient dewatering. Key performance areas for Vibrating Screens are therefore detailed in this paper with an emphasis on important dewatering criteria. Case studies of different dewatering applications are included, where the use of TeePeeTM Panels, has shown a marked improvement over conventional flat Screen Panels in reduction of filter cake moisture content.

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used in the past to model comminution and concentration processes. In this work, this concept has been taken a little further by using comminution and concentration to apply the mineralogical characteristics of particles. This approach is shown using image analysis, MLA, and distribution density functions for liberation modelling. The work focused on the effect of comminution on mineral liberation for liberation modelling. To model this effect, the mineral liberation of the particles using distribution density and the cumulative distribution was linked to the image analysis of the ore particles. These properties were estimated by statistical measures such as the distribution density and liberation grade, which were extracted from MLA data and images analysis, using image analysis and techniques based on MATLAB software. A comparison of different tungsten ores of liberated particles is introduced and evaluated by the estimated results and image analysis.

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ADVANCES IN MATERIALS MANUFACTURING ROOM

AM1

AM2

PM1

PM2

Materials Manufacturing II TUE PM1 14:00

Materials Manufacturing III TUE PM2 15:40

Monday, August 28

Materials Manufacturing I MON AM2 10:05

Plaza C - 2nd floor

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Tuesday, August 29

Plaza C - 2nd floor Wednesday, August 30

Plaza C - 2nd floor

Materials Manufacturing IV WED AM1 8:00

Materials Manufacturing V WED AM2 10:05

Monday August 28 ROOM NUMBER: PLAZA C - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: MATERIALS MANUFACTURING I MON AM2 10:05 10:05 – Paper No.: 9535 KEYNOTE: Advanced Microalloyed Steels for Sustainable Pipelines Hani Henein, University of Alberta ABSTRACT For gas and crude oil reserves, Canada

ranks third in the world. Production and transmission of oil and gas are key components of Canada’s economy. As conventional supplies of oil and gas are being exhausted, new sources of energy must be harvested from increasingly harsh environments using new technologies. New challenges have also emerged such as CO2 injection for enhanced oil recovery. The technological challenges of transporting these resources from production sites to markets requires construction of an infrastructure for transportation to processing hubs in Western Canada, and to markets in Eastern and Western Canada and the U.S. Both production and transmission of oil and gas from these remote locations demand improved materials to ensure reliability, public safety, and environmental protection. This is required in order to provide Canadians with a sustainable infrastructure for energy delivery. This presentation will describe nearly two decades of collaboration

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between industry and university to advance and improve micro-alloyed steels that are used for the transmission of oil and gas.

10:55 – Paper No.: 9647 Microstructural Evolution of a Ni-Based Alloy Overlay on a 2.25Cr-1Mo Steel during Thermal Ageing Hassan Saghafifar, Graham McCartney, and Philip Shipway, The University of Nottingham ABSTRACT The microstructural changes during ther-

mal ageing at 650ºC in the interfacial region of Alloy 625 weld overlay on a 2.25Cr1Mo steel was evaluated. Different analytical methods were conducted in an effort to identify evolutions that can occur during service life. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy in secondary electron and backscattered electron modes, electron probe microanalysis, and hardness mapping were all used to characterize as-welded microstructure and its changes during thermal ageing and to identify precipitates in the interfacial region of this dissimilar alloy combination. Different regions were identified in heat affected zone (HA) of the 2.25Cr1Mo steel and weld overlay and carbon migration across interface was recognized as the most important microstructural evolution. A region of 300 µm wide adjacent to fusion line termed near-HA, which was found harder in the as-welded condition, decarburized during thermal exposure. The microstructural studies revealed that this region transformed to a soft region containing large ferrite grains and micron sized M6C carbides.

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On the other hand, in the weld overlay region there are two changes in the microstructure, including formation of a 50 µm wide hard band adjacent to fusion line with over 650 Kgf mm-2 and carbide precipitation along grain boundaries. Metallographic studies revealed that carbide precipitation mostly occurs in the 150 µm wide region close to fusion line and longer exposure time has a limited effect on the length of this region. The paper describes the metallurgical basis for these microstructural changes in the interfacial region.

11:20 – Paper No.: 9335 Study on the Fabrication Process of Advanced Radiation Resistant Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Steel Tube Tae Kyu Kim, Sanghoon Noh, Suk Hoon Kang, Ki Baik Kim, and Ga Eon Kim, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute ABSTRACT Oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS)

steel is one of the promising in-core structural materials for next-generation nuclear system applications because of its superior creep resistance at high temperatures on the basis of uniformly distributed nano-oxide particles in the matrix. In order to fabricate the structural components, the fabrication process need to be optimized by controlling various process conditions in mechanical alloying, hot consolidation, hot/cold working, and heat treatment processes. In this study, the ODS steel tubes were fabricated through hot rolling and pilgering processes. The microstructures and mechanical properties were observed to determine the optimized conditions of each fabrication process. On the basis of these studies, thin-walled ODS steel tubes with a dimension of 8.0 mm (outer diameter) and 0.5 mm (thickness) could be successfully fabricated.

11:45 – Paper No.: 9631 Application of Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy for Improving Steel Cleanliness Keyan Miao, Alyssa Haas, Mukesh Sharma, Wangzhong Mu, and Neslihan Dogan, McMaster University ABSTRACT The ever-increasing demand for cleaner

steels with low inclusion content has highlighted the limits of our current knowledge for controlling and predicting inclusion agglomeration and removal during liquid steel processing. Key knowledge gaps in this area result from the complex nature of the problem associated with measuring and visualizing the phenomena studied. Confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM) allows for con-

tinuous in situ observation of micron-size samples in real time and at high resolution, under conditions relevant to steelmaking process. This paper summarizes some of recent applications in our laboratory to illustrate the methods of analyzing transient behavior with the help of CSLM. The case of reactions between inclusion and slag is given as an example. The rate of calcium aluminate inclusion dissolution in CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 slags has been studied by CSLM at elevated temperatures (1500, 1550, and 1600°C), as well as thermodynamic/ kinetic analysis. It is found that total dissolution time decreased with increasing temperature. The rate limiting steps are discussed. It is shown that the diffusion through a product layer is responsible for dissolution at 1500°C. At higher temperature, dissolution is controlled by both boundary layer diffusion and chemical reaction at the slag-inclusion interface. In this paper, the evidence for and against the theory will be critically examined and repercussions of the theory to steel refining processes will be discussed.

Tuesday August 29

ROOM NUMBER: PLAZA C - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: MATERIALS MANUFACTURING II TUE PM1 14:00 14:00 – Paper No.: 9395 KEYNOTE: Linear Friction Welding of Stainless Steel to Zirconium Alloy D. L. Chen and B. S. Naik, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University P. Wanjara, X. Cao, and J. Gholipour, National Research Council Canada – Aerospace ABSTRACT Linear friction welding (LFW) is a solid-

state joining process, where one part moves in a linear motion at a high speed and is pressed against the other part held stationary. The resulting frictional heat softens the part surface region, causing them to forge together. LFW is a fast, energy-efficient, environment-friendly, and flexible manufacturing process with superior joint quality, which has increasing applications in aerospace and other industries (e.g., for the fabrication of titanium alloy bladed disc assemblies in aeroengines and other aircraft structural components such as nickel-based superalloy assemblies). While the LFW of an AISI 316L stainless steel has been reported, no information on the dissimilar LFW of the stain-

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less steel to zirconium alloys is available in the literature. The objective of this study was, therefore, to characterize the LFW dissimilar joints between stainless steel 316L to Zircaloy-4 in terms of the microstructure, hardness, and mechanical properties. A central weld zone (WZ) with a thermo-mechanically affected zone on both sides was present. In the WZ, a drastic change in the composition was observed and a local increase in hardness was obtained due to the presence of intermetallic phases, such as FeZr3 and Cr2Zr.

14:50 – Paper No.: 9736 Friction-Stir Processing of an Al-Mg-Graphene Nanocomposite Farzad Khodabakhshi and Adrian P. Gerlich, University of Waterloo ABSTRACT Multi-pass friction stir processing (FSP)

was performed to fabricate a new Al-Mg-Graphene nanocomposite. Microstructural developments and distribution of graphene were studied by using electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. In the stirred zone, grain structure was refined down to about 2 µm attributing to the operative dynamic restoration mechanisms and the locking effect of graphene phase. As a result, the tensile strength of Al-Mg alloy was improved more than two times due to incorporation of graphene nanosheets.

ROOM NUMBER: PLAZA C - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: MATERIALS MANUFACTURING III TUE PM2 15:40 15:40 – Paper No.: 9547 Suppression of Internal Defects in Cold Drawing of Pure Magnesium Wire Haruka Takeura and Kazunari Yoshida, Tokai University Tomoaki Murata and Masato Adachi, Nitto Seiko Co., Ltd. ABSTRACT Pure magnesium is a material with high

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

drawing. However, internal defects occurred at total reduction of over 45% during drawing. Intermediate annealing conditions that can suppress internal defects were investigated, as was their influence on internal defect that the die half angle and reduction per pass. The drawing condition capable of suppressing internal defects most efficiently was 13% reduction drawing by using under 6° half angle die. Consequently, it is possible to manufacture a cold fine drawn pure magnesium wire of 100 µm, without defects in the center of the wire and without hindering its mechanical properties.

16:05 – Paper No.: 9592 Fabrication and Evaluation of a Fine Tube by Fluid-Mandrel Drawing Shintaro Takamiya and Kazunari Yoshida, Tokai University ABSTRACT Recently, small-sized micro-needles for

medical use are required more frequently by patients. People need to use a very small needle to prevent increase of pain, but the downfall is that it makes needles more expensive due to their complicated manufacturing method. Therefore, we need to fabricate a needle by wire-drawing to decrease its price. Tube-drawing is beneficial for its production value; however, in conventional tubedrawing, it is difficult to control the wall thickness of the tube and make it 1 mm or less in diameter. Thus, we propose fluid-mandrel drawing, which allows fabrication of a fine tube by using the pressure of the fluid in the tube. In this research, our goal is to fabricate a fine tube by fluid-mandrel drawing and evaluate it. Finally, the fabrication of a fine tube by fluid-mandrel drawing was conducted and as a result, a tube with a diameter of 0.2 mm, high strength, thin wall, and fine inner surface was drawn, which can be used as a painless micro-needle.

functionality. However, the cold drawing of pure magnesium is very difficult, thus there are currently no optimal cold drawing conditions. Furthermore, cold drawing of pure magnesium wire shows a problem with internal defects that occur under certain conditions. In this research, the aim is to suppress internal defects, and the final target is to create the optimal cold drawing conditions for pure magnesium wire. The first step is the investigation of the drawing limit by using 250ºC annealed wire. We chose reduction of 10% per pass for stable wire

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Wednesday August 30 ROOM NUMBER: PLAZA C - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: MATERIALS MANUFACTURING IV WED AM1 8:00 8:00 – Paper No.: 9579 Laser Additive Repair of AA7075 Using Al-12Si Powder X. Cao, P. Wanjara, N. Penvern, J. Gholipour, and R. Amos, National Research Council Canada K. Chiu, Department of National Defense ABSTRACT In this work, the feasibility of laser repair-

ing aluminum alloy AA7075-T7 using Al-12Si alloy powder was investigated through process development, microstructural characterization, and evaluation of mechanical properties (hardness and ring hoop tensile testing). The Taguchi design of experiments method was used to reduce the number of experiments and optimize the main process parameters, based on the quality criterion of minimum dilution ratio. The optimized process variables were then used as the basis to process develop a through-hole repair (22.7 mm in diameter and 15.9 mm in depth) in an AA7075-T7 aerospace part. A laser repair process to deposit Al-12Si powder on AA7075-T7 was successfully developed to restore the hole geometry. Mechanical testing indicated a reduced failure load for the deposited ring specimens compared to substrate, which was attributed mainly to the low strength of the Al-12Si powder used with secondary contributions from the presence of some defects, i.e. pores in the laser deposited Al-12Si material, and softening with occasional liquation in the heat-affected zone of the AA7075 substrate.

8:25 – Paper No.: 9512 Analysis of Brazing Effect on Hot Corrosion Behavior of a Nickel-Based Aerospace Superalloy Olanrewaju Ojo and Niyousha Esmaeili, University of Manitoba ABSTRACT Brazing is a widely used method for join-

ing extremely difficult-to-weld aerospace materials such as superalloys. A composite powder mixture is often used as brazing filler material because it enhances joint properties. The powder mixture consists of regular brazing filler alloy powder and base- alloy powder. It is generally assumed that the base-alloy powder does not melt completely during brazing, but recent studies have shown that it is possible to have complete melting of the base-alloy

powder during brazing. In this research, the effect of completely melted base-alloy powder on hot corrosion behavior of the brazed joints was studied. Results show that complete melting of the composite powder mixture has a detrimental effect on hot corrosion resistance of brazed materials. Elemental micro-segregation during solidification of the joint produced by the completely melted powder mixture produced chromium-depleted zones and consequently reduced hot corrosion resistance, since a uniform distribution and adequate chromium concentration is necessary to combat hot corrosion.

8:50 – Paper No.: 9586 Consolidation of Ti And TiAl Using Spark Plasma Sintering Technology Kevin Plucknett, Hung-Wei Liu, and D. Paul Bishop, Dalhousie University ABSTRACT In the present work titanium aluminide

powders (Ti-48Al, producing a mixture of γ-TiAl/α2Ti3Al) were synthesized “in-house” using a simple reaction sintering and mechanical attrition approach. This allowed various size distributions to be generated. The powders were then blended with a fine boron carbide (B4C) powder (up to 6 wt.%), and the resulting mixtures were consolidated using spark plasma sintering (SPS) under vacuum in graphite dies. An applied stress of 50 MPa was used for all SPS runs. The SPS parameters were varied in terms of the ultimate sintering temperature (up to 1300°C) and hold time (up to 10 minutes). It is demonstrated that high densities can be achieved this approach (exceeding 95% of theoretical, with some samples close to full density). Microstructural characterization was conducted using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The B4C additions were seen to partially react with the TiAl to form TiCx and TiBx reinforcements. Preliminary mechanical property assessment will also be discussed.

9:15 – Paper No.: 9465 Evolution of Dispersoids and Elevated-Temperature Properties during Two-Step Heat Treatments in Al-Mn-Mg 3004 Alloys Kun Liu, Hezhaye Ma, and X. -Grant Chen, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi ABSTRACT In the present work, two-step heat treat-

ments were performed in Al-Mn-Mg 3004 alloys to

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study their effects on the formation of dispersoids and evolution of elevated-temperature strength and creep resistance. The first step was preheating treatments at three temperatures (175, 250, and 330°C) and the second step was peak precipitation treatment (375°C/48 h). With increasing preheating treatment time, the microhardness after two-step heat treatments gradually decreased at a preheating temperature of 175°C but dramatically increased at preheating temperatures of 250°C and 330°C, plateauing after 24 h. Both the elevated-temperature strength and creep resistance peaked at 250°C/24 h and 375°C/48 h. The formation of dispersoids was strongly related to the size of Mg2Si particles precipitated during the preheating treatments. Finer needle-like Mg2Si had less influence on dispersoids, whereas coarser rod-like Mg2Si strongly facilitated nucleation of dispersoids. Under optimized two-step heat treatments (250°C/24 h and 375°C/48 h), the yield strength at 300°C could be improved to 97 MPa with the minimum creep rate of 2.2 × 10-9/s at 300°C in modified Al-Mn-Mg 3004 alloys, making them among the most promising candidates in aluminum alloys for elevated-temperature applications.

ROOM NUMBER: PLAZA C - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: MATERIALS MANUFACTURING V WED AM2 10:05 10:05 – Paper No.: 9523 KEYNOTE: Corrosion Resistance of Linear Friction Stir Welded HDPC AM60B Lap Joints Joseph McDermid, Elizabeth McNally, Xiarong (Sarah) Zhang, and Joseph Kish, Centre for Autmotive Materials and Corrosion, McMaster University ABSTRACT The corrosion resistance of linear friction

stir welded HPDC AM60B lap joints used to fabricate an Mg alloy-intensive automotive front end demonstrator sub-assembly was investigated. Major metallurgical differences of the stir zone relative to the base material included a slightly refined grain size and the significant break-up and redistribution of the fully divorced ß-Mg17Al12 phase. Both continuous near-neutral salt (NaCl) fog and bulk immersion (near-neutral aqueous NaCl) exposures revealed that the stir zone was more susceptible to localized corrosion than the base material. The lower corrosion resistance of the stir zone was attributed to decreased stability of the intact surface film that formed/evolved prior to breakdown. Using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and trans-

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mission electron microscopy on focused ion beamprepared cross-sections, the decreased stability of the stir zone intact film was linked to the absence of an Al enriched layer at the film/metal interface and of Al incorporation into the film itself. The implications of the preferential stir zone corrosion in multi-material systems will be discussed.

10:55 – Paper No.: 9653 Dependence of Crystallographic Orientation on Pitting Corrosion Behavior of Ni-Fe-Cr Alloy 028 Lina Zhang, University of Manitoba Jerzy A. Szpunar, University of Saskatchewan Jianxin Dong, University of Science and Technology Beijing Olanrewaju Ojo, University of Manitoba Xu Wang, University of Saskatchewan ABSTRACT The influence of crystallographic orienta-

tion on the pitting corrosion behavior of Ni-Fe-Cr alloy 028 was studied by a combination of electron backscatter diffraction and atomic force microscopy. The results show that there is anisotropy of pitting corrosion that strongly depends on crystallographic orientation of surface planes. The distribution of pit frequency in a standard stereographic triangle shows that the crystallographic planes close to {100} are more prone to pitting corrosion compared to planes of {110} and {111}. The calculation of surface energy of the (001) plane and (111) plane shows that the plane of high packing density of atoms has low surface energy, with concomitant strong resistance to pitting corrosion. A correlation function between crystallographic orientation and pitting corrosion susceptibility suggests a method not only to predict the pitting resistance of the known textured materials, but also to improve corrosion resistance by controlling material texture.

11:20 – Paper No.: 9481 Microstructure and Wear Behavior of Remelted Stellite 6 Claddings Manjit Singh, Karanvir Singh Ghuman, and Sandeep Singh Sandhu, Quest Engineering College ABSTRACT The cobalt-based superalloy stellite 6 was

weld cladded on AISI 304 L stainless steel using the SMAW process to improve the wear resistance for high temperature and high pressure valve applications. The suitable parameters regarding 80 Amp current with arc weaving technique selected by performing bead on plate experiment were used for depositing multipass multilayer cladding to achieve full filler chemistry at the top surface. Fur-

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ther, the GTAW process was used for remelting the top surface of the cladding. Comparative evaluation of clads show that GTAW remelted performed better than as-cladded in term of microhardness, microstructure, and wear resistance. It was also observed that TIG remelting improved the microhardness from 603 HV0.5 kg to 712 HV0.5 kg. The microstructure of stellite 6 contained cobalt solid solution matrix along with interdendrite chromium carbides, which facilitates the increase in the microhardness. The pin on disc abrasion test was carried out at room temperature and the worn out surfaces were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction.

11:45 – Paper No.: 9416 Hybrid/Tandem Laser-Arc Welding of 25-mm Thick 415 Stainless Steel Plates in a Narrow-Gap Groove Configuration Fatemeh Mirakhorli, École de Technologie Supérieure and National Research Council Canada Xinjin Cao, National Research Council Canada Tan Pham, École de Technologie Supérieure Priti Wanjara, National Research Council Canada Jean-Luc Fihey, École de Technologie Supérieure ABSTRACT Single-side tandem/hybrid laser-arc weld-

ing was investigated to join 25-mm thick wrought low-carbon martensitic stainless steel, using up to 15 kW fiber laser power, in a narrow-gap groove configuration (10-mm root size with a 40° groove angle). Parametric optimization was performed for the root pass at various laser powers and laser-arc distances. Then the narrow-gap groove of the butt joint was filled with four filling passes. The joint integrity was characterized in terms of the weld bead geometry, interaction between the laser and arc, as well as weld discontinuities, which were mainly cracking and porosity. The weld properties were evaluated by tensile and Charpy impact testing. The ultimate yield and tensile strengths at the top and bottom of the weld passed the minimum requirements of the ASTM A735 standard. Charpy impact testing in the fusion zone (FZ) of welds assembled at preheat temperatures of 40°C and 90°C revealed relatively high impact energies of 88 and 162 J, respectively, that passed the minimum requirements of hydraulic turbine manufacturing. The higher impact energy at 90°C preheat was related to the fracture path deviation from the narrow-root-pass FZ to the base metal.

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CORROSION AND ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION OF MATERIALS ROOM

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Tuesday, August 29

Stanley - 34th floor

Corrosion TUE AM1 8:00

Corrosion TUE AM2 10:05 Wednesday, August 30

Stanley - 34th floor

Corrosion WED AM1 8:00

Corrosion WED AM2 10:05

Tuesday, August 29 ROOM NUMBER: STANLEY - 34TH FLOOR SESSION: CORROSION TUE AM1 8:00 8:25 – Paper No.: 9676 KEYNOTE: Stress-Corrosion Cracking: History, Science, and Engineering Sergei A. Shipilov, Oak Ridge National Laboratory ABSTRACT Scientific interest in the problem of

stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) began in the late 1800s. This means that the history of SCC research exceeds 100 years and is a part of the history of science and engineering of the 19th, 20th and 21st Centuries. The problem may have had humble beginnings back in the second half of the 19th Century when, during the rainy seasons in India, observations were made concerning spontaneous cracking in brass cartridges belonging to the British army. However, by the earlier part of the 20th Century, SCC had come to be seen as a problem worthy of consideration for various small and large industrial products, particularly for economic reasons. In the mid-1940s, SCC was acknowledged as one of the most important areas of engineering research, and since the early 1960s, SCC (and especially corrosion fatigue) has been responsible for many, if not most, service failures in numerous applications where components and structures come into contact with natural or technological environment—whether aqueous solution, gas, elevated temperature, or irradiation. The purpose of this paper is to briefly review and evaluate experimental results and mechanistic models for SCC and corrosion fatigue after the first investigation on record was carried out in 1873.

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9:15 – Paper No.: 9503 Stress Corrosion Cracking of X80 Pipeline Steel in Fuel Grade Ethanol Xin Pang, Y. Zeng, C. Shi, and M. Arafin, CanmetMATERIALS, Natural Resources Canada ABSTRACT With the increasing demand for renew-

able energy supply, transportation of fuel-grade ethanol (FGE) by pipelines becomes necessary as a more efficient, economic, and safer mode compared with tanker cars and trucks. Knowledge and data on the corrosion integrity of pipeline steels in ethanol environments are needed for assessing the feasibility of transporting FGE and ethanol blends in pipelines. Recent research efforts have shown that the pipeline steels are susceptible to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in ethanol environments, which has become one of the major concerns about the transportation of FGE through pipelines. Significant knowledge gaps exist in understanding the operating mechanisms and identifying mitigation strategies for SCC of pipeline steels in ethanol. In this work, the influence of impurity levels of ethanol such as water, oxygen, and chloride ion contents on the SCC susceptibility of X80 grade pipeline steel was investigated using the slow strain rate testing (SSRT) method. The effects of these impurities on the SCC mechanism and potential corrosion strategies for X80 carbon steel in FGE are discussed.

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ROOM NUMBER: STANLEY - 34TH FLOOR SESSION: CORROSION TUE AM2 10:05 10:05 – Paper No.: 9664 Effect of Water Vapour Partial Pressure on the Chromia (Cr2O3)-Based Scale Stability Shooka Mahboubi, Gianluigi A. Botton, Hatem S. Zurob, and Joey R. Kish, McMaster University ABSTRACT High temperature corrosion resistance of

high Cr-containing alloys is attributed to the formation of a protective external chromia (Cr2O3)-based scale. The protectiveness of the scale is threatened by the presence of water vapour (H2O) in the environment, which will induce scale volatilization. In this study, the stability of the Cr2O3-based scale formed on Type 310S stainless steel was examined. Coupons were exposed in 4.2 cm/s flowing air-10% H2O and air-70% H2O mixtures at 550ºC in atmospheric pressure for up to 500 h. Gravimetric measurements showed distinct kinetics behavior in the two environments. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and auger electron spectroscopy were used to analyze the surface morphologies and scales compositional changes, respectively. Focused ion beam and scanning transmission electron microscopy analysis were performed on the coupons exposed for 500 h. Electron energy loss spectroscopy results showed the higher volatilization rate at higher H2O partial pressure was attributed to the local oxide volatilization. Results from this work were used to address the effect of the H2O partial pressure on the kinetics of Cr2O3based scales formation. The mechanism of scale volatilization was also examined within the context of scale stabilization by the alloyed Cr content.

10:30 – Paper No.: 9531 An Investigation into Environmental Effects on Slurry Abrasion Behaviour of Several Metallic Materials Sheng-Hui Wang and Jiaren Jiang, National Research Council Canada ABSTRACT Slurry handling equipment and systems

play important roles in mining and mineral processing operations; their integrity and reliability are critical for the operators to keep the costs related to maintenance, repair and operation in check. Due to the abrasive and corrosive environment involved in those operations, the interaction between abrasion and corrosion could be significant. In this work, slurry abrasion tests were performed by modifying corrosive and/or abrasive conditions, using specimens of several metallic materials (with

various hardness and corrosion resistance). Based on the results, environmental effects on slurry abrasion behaviour of these alloys are assessed with respect to factors such as slurry corrosivity, abrasivity, cathodic protection, and the length of corrosion exposure, and are correlated to material hardness and corrosion resistance. From pure engineering application point of view, the collective enhancement of slurry abrasion rate by various environmental effects can be effectively assessed through deduction of pure mechanical contribution (which could be measured under cathodic protection) from the total slurry abrasion rate, which eliminates the need to distinguish the individual components of abrasion-enhanced corrosion, corrosion-enhanced abrasion, and pure corrosion (which could be a demanding endeavour experimentally).

10:55 – Paper No.: 9585 The Aqueous Corrosion Response of High Performance Cermets Kevin Plucknett and Zhila Memarrashidi, Dalhousie University ABSTRACT In the current work, factors influencing

the corrosion mechanisms of TiC and Ti(C,N) based cermets are reviewed. Cermets were prepared with 10 to 30 vol.% of metal binder, either various grades of stainless steel or in-situ reaction-formed Ni3Al alloys. Commercial WC-Co hardmetals were also examined as baseline materials. The assessment of corrosion involved a variety of electrochemical measurements, including open circuit potential, potentiodynamic polarization, and cyclic polarization. The corrosion potential and current density were determined, following Tafel extrapolation, allowing estimation of the corrosion rates. Post-corrosion characterization involved scanning electron microscopy analysis and associated energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy of the sample surfaces, together with systematic analysis of the post-corrosion solution chemistries using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. It is demonstrated that the corrosion mechanism for this type of cermet is mainly dissolution of the metallic phase during oxidation attack, and thus this response increases with the amount of binder in the cermet, although this can be subtly affected by composition (i.e., alloy composition, C:N ratio, etc.) and test procedure (i.e., aerated vs. deaerated electrolytes). It was observed that addition of N content into the ceramic phase is beneficial to the corrosion characteristics of TiC based cermets.

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11:20 – Paper No.: 9469 Corrosion Behavior of Conventional 13% Cr Steel Exposed to a Chloride Containing Environment Ladan Khaksar and John Shirokoff, Memorial University of Newfoundland ABSTRACT The cyclic polarization technique and

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potentiodynamic measurements were applied to study corrosion behavior of 13% chromium steels in a chloride containing environment. Potentiodynamic measurements were performed at 25 and 75°C with 0, 10, and 20 g/L NaCl in 0.01 M hydrochloric acid solution. At the same time, significant pitting parameters such as corrosion potential, pitting potential, protection (or repassivation) potential, and passive current density of cyclic polarization curves with various NaCl concentration were analyzed and compared to describe the pitting behavior of 13% chromium stainless steel. Surface measurement techniques such as SEM, EDS, and AFM were used for morphology and analysis of corrosion products. Results showed that both temperature and Cl– concentration had significant effects on corrosion behavior of 13% chromium stainless steel in acidic solution. It was also concluded that the corrosion rates in presence of elemental sulfur were higher than those with FeS layer or without any initial layer on the sample surface.

11:45 – Paper No.: 9597 Solute Effect on Hydrogen Embrittlement at Sigma 9 Grain Boundary In Nickel Jun Song and Xiao Zhou, McGill University ABSTRACT Hydrogen is known for inducing prema-

ture failure and degradation (i.e., embrittlement) in various structural metals, particularly in load-bearing components. Hydrogen embrittlement (HE) has been a long-standing, unsolved problem for the industry. Although various models have been proposed, HE remains largely debated and no consensus has been reached on the HE mechanism due to appreciable discrepancies in experimental observations and theoretical calculations. One key to unravel the mystery of HE is to understand hydrogen segregation at grain boundaries, the prevailing microstructures in structural metals. To date, there have been extensive studies of hydrogen segregation at grain boundaries in pure metals, but little is known in the cases of alloys. In this study, we investigate the effects of a few common solute elements on hydrogen segregation at grain boundaries in nickel, employing

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first-principles calculations. Our results show that the presence of Mo and Nb elements can reduce the tendency of hydrogen segregation at grain boundaries, and meanwhile also help enhance the cohesive strength of grain boundaries, therefore serving as salutary elements for resisting hydrogen-induced failure. The present study provides new predictive insights for designing HE-resistant alloys.

Wednesday, August 30 ROOM NUMBER: STANLEY - 34TH FLOOR SESSION: CORROSION WED AM1 8:00

8:25 – Paper No.: 9731 KEYNOTE: Overview of Fundamental and Practical Aspects of Pipeline Corrosion Frank Cheng, University of Calgary ABSTRACT Corrosion is one of the primary mecha-

nisms resulting in pipeline failure. The complexity of pipeline corrosion arises as a result of multiple reactions/processes occurring simultaneously, which in turn, are very specific to both the material and the environmental interaction. In this talk, the research accomplishments on pipeline corrosion made in the author’s laboratory in the past decades are presented. External corrosion under coatings. Pipeline external corrosion occurs at coating failures, where the cathodic protection (CP) is shielded. Typical coating failure modes include disbonding from a “holiday”, presence of defects, and disbonding of an intact coating. Pitting corrosion could occur at metallurgical defects of the pipeline steel, even when it is under CP. Corrosion under alternating current (AC) interference. When buried pipelines are co-located with high-voltage AC power lines, the pipeline experiences accelerated corrosion and pitting corrosion, and enhanced coating disbondment. The CP deviates from the applied potential in the presence of AC, causing decreased CP effectiveness. Internal corrosion. The environments causing internal corrosion of oil transmission pipelines are generated subject to deposit of water droplets and “wet” sand particles on the pipe floor. Corrosion occurring under water droplets and sand deposit possesses different mechanisms and effects on the pipeline integrity.

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Yiyu Wang, University of Alberta Dong-Yeob Park, CanmetMATERIALS, Natural Resources Canada Leijun Li, University of Alberta ABSTRACT Structures of X70 base metal (BM), fine-

grained heat affected zone (FGHAZ), and coarse-grained heat affected zone (CGHAZ) have been compared to elucidate the mechanism of the crack propagation behaviors observed in the given toughness test specimens. It is found that the toughest FGHAZ has the highest fraction of the high-angle grain boundaries, the finest grain size, the lowest local strain levels, and the highest fraction of recrystallized ferrite grains. The CGHAZ of the 17.8-mm-thick pipe welds exhibits the lowest toughness with the highest frequency of deformed grains, the highest local strain level, and the highest density of preferred {100} cleavage planes than the other sub-regions in the HAZ. The {100} and {110} components in the FGHAZ cause the cleavage crack propagated toward the BM at an approximate 45° angle to the horizontal rolling direction.

ROOM NUMBER: STANLEY - 34TH FLOOR SESSION: CORROSION WED AM2 10:05 10:05 – Paper No.: 9640 Temper Embrittlement in Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel Platform Structures Christopher DiGiovanni, Leijun Li, and Robert Driver, University of Alberta Logan Callele, Waiward Steel LLP ABSTRACT Hot-dip galvanizing is a common proce-

dure used to protect structural steels from corrosive environments. However, in a construction project involving welded structural steel platforms by a Canadian steel structures company, numerous connections were found with large cracks in the welded corner joints and T-joints after galvanizing. Historically, in similar projects by the industry partner, cracking did not occur, making this an unforeseen and new phenomenon. The project explored the mechanical properties of the base material, the thermal stresses induced by the hot-dip galvanizing, and the fracture surface of the cracks. A key feature to note was that the fracture surface showed intergranular cracking with no plastic deformation. Laboratory testing showed the base material exhibited intergranular brittle behav-

ior when heated and fractured at the galvanizing temperature. The transition to a brittle fracture mode is due to temper embrittlement and the segregation of elements in the grain boundaries.

10:30 – Paper No.: 9576 Proactive Corrosion Management and Monitoring Techniques to Improve Operations and Maintenance Strategies Brycklin Wilson, Afshin Sadri, and Wai Lai Ying, Hatch Ltd. Zoe Coull, Ice Dragon Corrosion ABSTRACT Although great steps forward have been

made to integrate corrosion engineering into operations, there is still an underlying tendency for maintenance tasks to be performed in a reactive manner. This is especially true when strategies focus on lagging indicators such as visual inspections, Root-Cause Analysis (RCA) and Failure Mode Effect and Cause Analysis (FMECA). This trend to reactive maintenance can be avoided by utilizing more monitoring methods and technologies to identify leading indicators of defects and failures. Prevention is generally less costly than repairs; moreover, when paired with the appropriate monitoring techniques, intervention of corrosion protection is more effectively timed and based on more accurate data. Defects are introduced to equipment through many sources. Hatch asset reliability studies show nearly 80% of defects are introduced through operations and maintenance. Therefore, proactive corrosion management can provide the necessary feedback to optimize operations and maintenance strategies, preventing costly corrosion losses. Understanding corrosion risks gives a clear picture of the benefits of a proactive approach to asset performance. Monitoring techniques (non-destructive testing, field testing) by nature are a more effective means of improving maintenance efforts and preventing corrosion losses than other methods (RCA, FMECA). This paper will outline the importance of proactive corrosion management and demonstrate its benefits through industry examples.

10:55 – Paper No.: 9678 Corrosion Mechanisms of Underground Industrial Equipment Nicolas Geoffroy and Isabelle Murray, CEP Forensic ABSTRACT Buried pipelines, tanks, and other similar

equipment are almost always present on largescale industrial sites, including in the metallurgical and oil and gas fields. However, as the proverb “out

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9:15 – Paper No.: 9583 Microstructural Analysis of Fracture Mechanism of HeatAffected Zone of Two X70 Pipeline Steel Weldments by EBSD

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Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

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of sight, out of mind” suggests, it is easy to overlook proper maintenance procedures and simply assume that corrosion protection measures in place are working correctly. Unfortunately, this is not always the case, leading to significant environmental damage and loss of production. This paper describes several cases from various industries where buried equipment failed because of corrosion, sometimes with catastrophic results. It also presents various strategies, based on experience and new research, to help predict and prevent damage to underground metallic structures.

11:20 – Paper No.: 9606 Geochemical and Groundwater Factors Contributing to the Corrosion of Rock and Cable Bolts – An Experimental Study Patrick Moore, Wendy Timms, Hamed Lamei Ramandi, Honghao Chen, Saisai Wu, and Serkan Saydam, School of Mining Engineering, UNSW Sydney ABSTRACT Premature catastrophic failure of cable

bolts from stress corrosion cracking (SCC) has been a life-limiting factor in many Australian underground coal mines. Better understanding of the SCC failure mechanisms of steel anchoring tolls such as rock and cable bolts is critical for reducing substantial hazards and problems for both safety and productivity of the mines. Determining the key influential factors causing SCC of the bolts in underground mines is crucial for designing preventive measures. Herein, an experimental approach is implemented to simulate the mine environment for testing of rock and cable bolts in a variety of packings, including saturated clay, saturated coal, mine water, and grout. Water samples were collected weekly from the critical sections of packings and analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and dissolved oxygen. After a period of 76 days, the samples were removed from the packings and analyzed visually. It has been observed that mineralogy and atmosphere of bolts are of primary factors while pH and EC are of secondary factors and water, grout, coal and clay interfaces are non-relevant to corrosion of cable bolts. The results of this study assist in gaining profound insights into the SCC mechanisms of the bolts in underground mine environments.

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Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

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ENABLING INNOVATION IN METALLURGY ROOM

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Enabling Innovation WED PM1 14:00

Enabling Innovation Panel WED PM2 15:40

Regency DEF - 3rd floor

Enabling Innovation WED AM1 8:00

Enabling Innovation WED AM2 10:05

Wednesday, August 30 ROOM NUMBER: REGENCY DEF - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: ENABLING INNOVATION WED AM1 8:00 8:00 – Paper No.: 9442 Disruptive, Sustaining and Efficiency Innovations Chris Twigge-Molecey, Hatch Ltd. ABSTRACT For any organization it is important to

choose the appropriate innovation strategy, selecting the correct one of the six “games” as defined by Cote and Miller. Are you creating a new market or not? Within either, are you targeting an autonomous innovation, a closed-system innovation, or a platform innovation? Beyond these categories are you looking for incremental improvements, moves to adjacencies, or disruptive innovations? There are four fundamental triggers for successful innovation that will be discussed. They are directly related to availability of funding and therefore to progress, if not necessarily success. They are Strategy, Disaster, Changing Constraints, and Inspiration. Each has different characteristics and time scales, with all but Inspiration driven by market pull. In our capital-intensive sector, Inspiration, when not driven by one of the other three factors, typically takes the longest to achieve commercial application (on average 15+ years). Illustrations of Canadian successes based on each approach will be presented. Discussed will be the Stelco Coil Box as Strategy, the Shrouded Tuyere from Inspiration, the Ferro-nickel Furnace design from Disaster with both pressure leaching and the flash furnace as disruptive technologies. Constraint as in changing environmental regulations has driven a wide range of innovations of all types and scales. The classical theory of “diffusion of innovation” developed by Everett Rogers will be revisited.

8:50 – Paper No.: 9760 KEYNOTE: How Can Canada Excel in Materials Innovation? Elicia Maine, Simon Fraser University Purnesh Seegopaul, Pangaea Ventures ABSTRACT As more multinational chemical and

materials firms move to open innovation models, advanced materials ventures, often spun out of universities, are of increasing importance to creating and commercializing new materials and processes. These ventures are typically focused on breakthrough technologies that provide a window on innovation for the large multinational firms. Yet, such ventures face daunting challenges in their route from lab to market. Advanced materials innovations, underlying new product development across many industries (such as energy generation, energy storage, water treatment, transportation, and biomedical devices) typically take 5–15 years from invention to commercial product. Although advanced materials innovation enables broad value creation across many sectors of the economy, these long commercialization timelines, coupled with high capital investment and sustained uncertainty, deter investment. Drawing on observation and analysis of over 100 advanced materials ventures, strategies and policies are proposed which can reduce technical and market risks and accelerate advanced materials commercialization. This Keynote presentation draws on a paper published in Nature Materials entitled “Accelerating Advanced Materials Commercialization” which can be accessed at https://www.nature.com/nmat/ journal/v15/n5/full/nmat4625.html

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Wednesday, August 30

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

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ROOM NUMBER: REGENCY DEF - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: ENABLING INNOVATION WED AM2 10:05 10:05 – Paper No.: 9599 KEYNOTE: Towards Fundamental Transformation of the Mining Industry

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Michael Flynn, and Carl Weatherell, Canada Mining Innovation Council Noelene Ahern, AuTec Innovative Extractive Solutions / Barrick Gold Corporation ABSTRACT Innovation is imperative for a successful

and sustainable mining sector that benefits all stakeholders. However, innovation in the mining industry typically lags behind that of other industries. As such, the Canada Mining Innovation Council (CMIC) was established to lead, coordinate, and enable accelerated innovation in the mining business. This paper presents the mechanisms through which CMIC enables collaborative innovation. Chiefly, this includes CMIC serving as an “open-innovation ecosystem” in which mining companies, service providers, and other stakeholders collaborate to develop solutions to the grand challenges facing industry. Other key mechanisms include the development of transformative technology roadmaps, as well as long-term, industry-wide performance targets. Combined, these mechanisms aim to fundamentally transform the mining business.

10:30 – Paper No.: 9742 A Case Study in Industry-Academic Collaboration: The ValeCytec-University Consortium on Processing Low Grade Ultramafic Nickel Samuel Marcuson, Marcuson and Associates ABSTRACT In 2006, Vale Canada initiated a collabo-

rative research project with Cytec (now Solvay) and professors from Columbia University, McGill University and McMaster University with the objective of identifying a novel, economic processing route to recover nickel from the 600 M mt of ultramafic resource contained in the Pipe deposit near Thompson, Manitoba. A diverse group of research partners was organized based on expertise, previous experience with the individuals and collective internal knowledge of professors’ interests and suitability to work with industrial partners. To initiate the process, gentlemen’s agreement nondisclosure arrangements were agreed, promises to sponsor reasonable”, relevant research projects were made, and it was agreed to work within an open environment with the exception that

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researchers could withhold details of results which they viewed as proprietary. The project continued for four years, created a strong sense of collegiality and cooperation among the participants and successfully extended Vale’s research “reach” in basic and fundamental aspects of the challenge. Additionally, the work provided development for students and research associates, generated several MS and PhD theses and resulted in publication of seventeen papers and associated patents.

10:55 – Paper No.: 9768 Creating Synergy Between a Small Technology Enterprise and Large Mining Companies Glenn Dobby, Woodgrove Technologies Inc. ABSTRACT Your small enterprise (SE) has developed

technology that should be of obvious benefit to the mining industry. So, how do you make this happen? This presentation reviews and illustrates two approaches that the author and his colleagues have used successfully over the past two decades, integrating mineral processing technology into large mining companies. The first approach relies on the creation of a sharply focused and fixed term consortium of mining companies, working closely with the SE. The second approach searches out and identifies the early adopters. Challenges and opportunities presented by both of these approaches, to the effective take-up and integration of technology into the mining industry, are discussed. Two case studies, where the author colead joint teams comprising the SE and Industry, will be described to illustrate these two approaches, and to demonstrate their successful application.

11:20 – Paper No.: 9777 Mining Reimagined Michelle Ash, Barrick Gold Corporation ABSTRACT The world is changing rapidly, at no time

in living memory has the rate of change of technology and social forces been as significant as it is now. How as leaders in mining should we respond to those changes, and how will it impact what mining will look like in the future?

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11:45 – Paper No.: 9776 Innovating to Zero Simon Hille, Goldcorp Inc. Rob Stephens, Teck

ABSTRACT The mining industry globally is experienc-

ing many significant challenges from the ability to find new deposits to maintaining our license to operate. The magnitude and complexity these challenges have created is rapidly outstripping our capability to deal with them with our current paradigms. The impacts are evident in some of the long-term trends of the industry. Indicators such as productivity, costs, and shareholder returns have been trending in the wrong direction for decades. A different approach to innovation and a transformation of the industry must take place. Yet many believe transformation is too difficult or impossible or are wondering how do we transform? and what do we transform to? CMIC has adopted approaches successfully employed to drive innovation into other industries, essentially answering the questions of how and what to transform. These include tackling “platforms” of the mining industry, creating technology roadmaps to guide us to a desired future and an open innovation model that creates collaboration and accelerates innovation at unprecedented levels in the innovation ecosystem. Technology roadmaps have been developed and projects are being executed in exploration, underground mining, and environment aspects of the mining business. As a significant driver of cost, productivity, and environmental impact, it is clear that processing must also adopt these practices. The newly developed technology roadmap for processing, example technology gaps, technology platforms projects, and the defined future state will be presented. An open innovation framework will also be provided. Importantly, we are seeking feedback, collaboration and the identification of new collaborators.

ROOM NUMBER: REGENCY DEF - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: ENABLING INNOVATION WED PM1 14:00 14:00 – Paper No.: 9657 Improved Knowledge Sharing to Break Down Barriers to Innovation Markus Erwee and Rodney T. Jones, Mintek ABSTRACT Innovation thrives in an environment

where ideas are shared freely, thereby stimulating new thought processes. Much technical literature remains hard to reach, either because it is not yet

in electronic form, or because it is locked behind paywalls. Open access publishing, if done correctly, promises to make it easy to search the world’s literature and download and read it straight away, without placing barriers of complicated systems or affordability in the way. Unfortunately, there are some unscrupulous and predatory publishers who have tarnished some aspects of the open access approach, and the conservatism of mainstream publishing houses also poses some challenges. However, with the support of funding agencies, technical societies, or even advertisers, it is possible to share information in a better way than has been done in the past.

14:25 – Paper No.: 9759 Integrated Process Development Boyd Davis and Kevin Watson, Kingston Process Metallurgy ABSTRACT Process development holds the promise

of something new and improved. The “new” is usually connected to chemistry developed on paper or in the laboratory. The “improved” typically ends up focused on cost. The chemistry is usually investigated first by a lab and then costs are determined by a separate team or company using data from the lab work. The lack of early integration between the chemistry and the economics often results in needless work being done along with other critical work being missed. It can also end up steering the project into routes that are not viable. There are a number of reasons for why this “siloed” approach exists in the industry. This talk will draw upon lessons learned over a large number of process development projects to discuss how techno-economics can be integrated early in the process development stage. This can better direct a project to look at issues that really matter. Improved integration can help elevate innovation in the industry by early derisking of projects and/or highlighting critical problems that must be overcome.

14:50 – Paper No.: 9744 Is There Room for New Ideas in Metallurgy? Vaikuntam I. Lakshmanan, and Ram Ramachandran, Process Research ORTECH Inc. ABSTRACT The mining and metallurgical industry

employs processes that are highly capital intensive and involve increasing environmental challenges. With decreasing ore grades, complex mineralogy, increasing impurity elements and tightening environmental regulations, the processing costs for

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Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

production of metals have continually shown an upwards trend. Amidst this scenario, there is urgent need for innovative process development. In order to be sustainable, the metallurgical industry needs to develop innovative technologies to obtain competitive advantages and improve process efficiency, with a decrease in energy usage, water usage and use of clean technologies addressing environmental and societal needs The development of new materials— such as alloys, intermetallic compounds, nonmetals, composites and combinations of the same—with unique “tailor made” properties with applications in the solar energy and semiconductor industry has offered benefits in a relatively short time. The evolution of technology for Extractive Metallurgy had a “golden age” for the last 50 years and has seemed to have levelled off to some extent. However, there are always still new ideas to be exploited in metallurgy. Since process innovation is a continual evolving process, it needs an ongoing investment in Research and Development as a corporate policy. The industry also needs to support universities financially to produce the researchers, scientists and engineers needed for the cause. Innovation is not an end in itself, but an open-minded exploration, thinking, decision- making, experimentation, action, results and learning, with the cycle then repeating itself. In short, innovation is imperative for the long term survival of the Mining and Metallurgy. Examples of areas where innovation—efficiency, sustaining and disruptive— will be addressed in the presentation.

ROOM NUMBER: REGENCY DEF - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: ENABLING INNOVATION PANEL WED PM2 15:40 15:40 – Paper No.: 9775 Panel Discussion: Enabling Collaboration Between Parties with Vested Interests in Canadian Mining Innovation Moderator: Nathan Stubina, McEwen Mining Panelists: Boyd Davis, Kingston Process Metallurgy Vladimiros Papangelakis, University of Toronto Greg Rasmussen, Gekko Systems Rob Stephens, Teck Nils Voermann, Hatch Ltd. ABSTRACT Panelists representing Mining Corporate

Offices, Equipment Suppliers, EPCM Providers, Academia and Process Development Providers will identify and explore roadblocks to collaboration between each other. The discussion will center in part on developing an understanding of each other’s value systems.

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ENERGY AND ECO-EFFICIENCY IN MINING AND PROCESSING ROOM

AM1

AM2

PM1

PM2

Energy MON PM1 14:00

Energy MON PM2 15:40

Monday, August 28

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Energy and EcoEfficiency; Discussion MON AM2 10:05 Tuesday, August 29

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Water TUE AM2 10:05

Monday, August 28 ROOM NUMBER: PRINCE OF WALES - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: ENERGY AND ECO-EFFICIENCY; DISCUSSION MON AM2 10:05 10:05 – Paper No.: 9705 KEYNOTE: Integrated Mining and Processing Systems Design for Eco-Efficiency Laurie Reemeyer, Resourceful Paths ABSTRACT The mining industry faces increasing eco-

nomic, environmental, and social challenges as easier deposits deplete and ores become more difficult to mine and process; head grades decline; projects migrate to increasingly remote and difficult geographies; and stringent environmental and social standards must be met. While these factors increase costs and risks, they also present opportunities for a more integrated approach to mining, processing, materials handling, and waste management. Two areas of particular risk are in tailings and water management. As mining and processing tonnage rates continue to increase, the disturbance footprints, water and energy consumption, and scale of tailings storage facilities also rise. These factors can be mitigated by more selective mining, ore sorting, and pre-concentration, and more intensive tailings dewatering. Such alternatives must be considered in conjunction with the selection of mining method, metallurgical flowsheets, major equipment selection, and key process design criteria. For example, increasing the grind size of a concentrator reduces energy consumption and eases tailings dewatering, but may cause challenges with metal recovery. Emerging technologies

Arsenic; Waste Management TUE PM1 14:00 will be reviewed, and economic and environmental trade-offs for eco-efficient alternatives will be presented for metal sulfide mines.

10:30 – Paper No.: 9587 KEYNOTE: Energy Use, Conservation, and Eco-Efficiency Considerations in the Primary Copper Industry Krishna Parameswaran, tfgMM Strategic Consulting ABSTRACT This paper discusses energy use and con-

servation in the primary copper industry and illustrates eco-efficiency considerations, using selected examples of practices at ASARCO LLC, an integrated primary copper producer and others in the industry that promote eco-efficiency. The World Council for Sustainable Business Development put forward the eco-efficiency concept in 1991. Ecoefficiency is a management concept linking environmental and economic performance and is aimed at generating value for a business through resource and energy conservation and reduced environmental impacts throughout the product or service’s life cycle. It differs from sustainable development in that focus is on economic and environmental factors and does not include social considerations. In the metal mining and processing context, value results from conservation of water and mineral resources, conservation of energy, waste minimization, reduced emissions, and increased recycling. The examples used to illustrate eco-efficiency considerations include: water and energy conservation in mineral processing, adoption of flash smelting, implementation of green chemistry in copper electrorefining, and fostering renewable energy projects.

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10:55 – Paper No.: 9440 The Future Shape of Mineral Processing Mick Bunyard and Ivan Mullany, Hatch Ltd. ABSTRACT The pressures on mine operators are var-

ied and constantly increasing: declining ore grades, more remote locations, and increasing environmental concerns. The challenge facing the mining industry is to find new ways to process ores that are more efficient and less costly and to control them better. This requires a fundamental rethink in the way in which projects are developed; it is no longer good enough to just copy what has been done before. The process starts with the surfacing of the primary underlying constraints for the project and the establishment of new design principles to address these. The generation of new design criteria and processing options follows the well-established path of brainstorm, focus, brainstorm, refocus, and economic evaluation. The aim is process intensification, doing more with less, as early as possible and better use of plant data. The methodology requires a complete geometallurgical understanding of the orebody to facilitate the evaluation of viable processing options. Examples of early stage processing considered are blast optimization and ore sorting to reject waste and reduce processing costs. Mine to mill optimization, which starts with the optimization of blasting for separation, offers another way to significantly reduce operating costs and increase efficiencies.

ROOM NUMBER: PRINCE OF WALES - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: ENERGY - MON PM1 14:00 14:00 – Paper No.: 9679 Understanding Electrical Energy Use at Copper Smelters Lauri Pesonen, Outotec ABSTRACT Although electrical energy use at copper

smelters is typically about 15–20% of operational costs, it is something which is not very often analyzed and discussed at a detail level in technical papers and presentations. This paper aims to list different equipment configurations per smelter process area and estimate the electrical energy consumption versus unit of material processed. In addition, chosen smelting technology and plant layout affect the overall consumption and therefore some overall guidance is provided for potential efficiency gains.

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14:25 – Paper No.: 9514 Energy Benchmarking of Slurry Pump Systems Using the New Concept of Benchmark Energy Factor (BEF) Constantin D. Pitis, Powertech Labs Inc. Behnam Pirouz, Sadegh Javadi, and Paul Slatter, ATC Williams Australia Markus Zeller, BC Hydro Canada Laura Contasti, CSA Group Canada ABSTRACT The centrifugal slurry pumps feeding

cyclones are critical components used in the grinding process. It is well known that for this type of pump, performance degradation is very intense. To minimize downtime production, a complete standby slurry pump is always installed in a parallel circuit. The replacement decision of slurry pumps is sometimes based on specific periods of time that are empirically determined from previous experience, unless a pump failure triggers the second (stand-by) pump. Given the significant energy costs in the grinding process and a desire to increase competitiveness, engineers and scientists began research in this field, while manufacturers also took actions to improve pump reliability and performance. The lack of standardization regarding the methods used to benchmark and evaluate the energy performances of cyclone slurry pump systems in the mining industry makes it difficult for an enterprise to make informed decisions concerning the replacement or optimization of its process, based on energy benchmarking of such slurry pump systems. This paper proposes a new methodology for benchmarking slurry pump performance using a new concept of Mathematical Model Benchmarking by using the Benchmark Energy Factor (BEF). This concept has been already proven successful in other industrial fields. A new standard addressing the guidelines for benchmarking the energy performance of slurry pumps for cyclones was proposed within the Canadian Standards Association. This standard will provide a unified and consistent methodology for performing measurement activities, with the ability to measure and verify the system energy performance in the field through the BEF approach. The dimensionless indicator (i.e. BEF) overcomes the current barriers related to:

• Use of inaccurate energy performance indicators

• The inherent large variability and complexity of the systems

• The variability of material and environmental conditions

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• The absence of a large population of comparable data required for a regression-based approach that would enable the normalization of material and environmental conditions, and thus allow for a useful comparison of energy performance at the practical process level

• The reluctance of industrial firms to share data on industrial processes that are often considered proprietary, eliminating the ethical and legal issues impeding disclosure of confidential information

Practical examples based on the new concept with comments and recommendations are presented.

14:50 – Paper No.: 9642 Recent Development in Dry Atomization and Heat Recovery Daan Sauter, Santiago Faucher, Lily Lai Chi So, and Sina Mostaghel, Hatch Ltd. S. K. Lee and S.-Y. Oh, Ecomaister Co., Ltd. ABSTRACT Molten material from pyrometallurgical

furnaces is tapped at high temperature, carrying a large amount of heat. Traditional handling methods of slow air cooling or water granulation do not allow for the recovery of heat from slag and matte. Furthermore, water granulation adds an inherent safety risk of steam explosions. Recently, there have been numerous studies into processes attempting to recover waste heat. However, most of them have never been commercialized due to numerous challenges including scalability, cost, low heat recovery efficiencies, and difficulties in heat utilization. Ecomaister-Hatch has recently developed and commercialized a reliable and simple dry atomization system that allows for heat recovery while eliminating the use of water. This technology will be presented along with a case study of existing operations. Comparisons of pilot and commercialized dry atomization and heat recovery technologies will be presented and challenges of these technologies will be highlighted.

ROOM NUMBER: PRINCE OF WALES - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: ENERGY - MON PM2 15:40 15:40 – Paper No.: 9659 Ventilation Cost Savings Using Localized Haul Truck Power Reduction

ment often comprise a significant portion of total site energy costs. Innovation in the way diesel engines are allocated airflow, leveraged with advances in asset tracking and ventilation on demand, could represent significant value for mine operators. An examination of haul truck duty cycle indicates that de-rating of engine operating power based on the truck’s location in the mine can enable a step change in ventilation rates, often with no material impact on working conditions. Methods for implementation and estimate of cost savings will be defined.

16:05 – Paper No.: 9377 The Technology of CO2 Sequestration by Mineral Carbonation: Current Status and Future Prospects Fei Wang and David Dreisinger, University of British Columbia M. Jarvis and T. Hitchins, Hard Creek Nickel Corporation ABSTRACT Mineral carbonation (MC) has been

extensively researched all over the world since it was found as a natural exothermic process to permanently and safely sequester CO2. In order to accelerate the natural process, various methods for carbonation of Mg-/Ca-silicate minerals and other industrial wastes have been studied. It has been found that the MC efficiency will increase with an increase of CO2 pressure, retention time, temperature, mass ratio of Mg or Ca to Si in minerals, specific surface area, and the slurry concentration in a specific range, and with the introduction of effective catalysts, for example, 1M NaCl and 0.64M NaHCO3 or carbonic anhydrase. However, there still is not a successful industrial application because of high economic cost and slow reaction rate. It is not economic to exploit Mg- and Ca-silicate minerals deposits or tailings to sequester CO2 by MC, due to the cost of grinding and heat pre-treatment and in some cases the whole sequestration process may result in more CO2 emissions than the amount of CO2 sequestered due to the requirements of energy inputs. The process however, may be profitable as a whole (with carbon credits). It is suggested to combine MC with recovery of valuable metals from ore deposits in order to reduce the cost for MC by cost sharing for mineral recovery.

Chris McGuire and Darryl Witow, Hatch Ltd. ABSTRACT Cost savings in mining and ventilation is

a key focus for mine operators in 2017. Power costs for ventilation of underground diesel equip-

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Tuesday August 29 ROOM NUMBER: PRINCE OF WALES - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: WATER - TUE AM2 10:05 10:05 – Paper No.: 9488 Achieving Sub-ppb End-of-Pipe Selenium Targets and Stable Solids Residues Using Selen-IXTM: Combining Ion Exchange and Electro-Reduction Farzad Mohamm, David Kratochvil, and Patrick Littlejohn, BQE Water ABSTRACT Recent changes in regulations and scien-

tific advances concerning selenium bioaccumulation have placed greater importance on non-biological treatment systems for selenium control. Mining wastewater contains hexavalent selenium (selenate) as the predominant aqueous species and possibly small amounts of tetravalent selenium (selenite). Non-biological removal of selenite is accomplished readily and cost effectively by ferric co-precipitation and adsorption using ferric oxyhydroxides sourced from ferric salts or iron anodes in electrocoagulation cells. Selenate on the other hand is difficult to remove. It is often incorrectly assumed that electrocoagulation is suitable for removing both selenite and selenate. Selenate removal efficiency by electrocoagulation is low and the amount of waste residue produced high. In contrast, BioteQ’s Selen-IXTM process removes selenate very efficiently and produces a much smaller amount of extremely stable residue. The process combines selective ion exchange with electro-reduction of selenate in electrocells that physically resemble electrocoagulation cells but are designed and operated differently. This paper summarizes four years of pilot scale demonstration on a wide range of mine waters and discusses the key benefits and limitations of SelenIXTM. The pros and cons of combining ion exchange with electro-reduction in comparison to direct electro-reduction of selenate are also reviewed.

10:30 – Paper No.: 9684 New Approach to Selenate Removal by Ion Exchange Methodology with a Review of Ion Exchange Materials and Chelating Exchangers Maryam Rasouli and David Dreisinger, University of British Columbia ABSTRACT Developing technology to address the

environmental hazards associated with selenium in mine-impacted waters has been a serious challenge. Ion exchange (IX) has been identified as a

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potential treatment technology. This paper begins with a review on selenium adsorption with commercially- available basic anionic exchangers (BAS). It then looks at the use of resins for selenium removal via modification with the addition of -O, N, or -S-containing chelating ligands and chelating polymeric ion exchangers pre- loaded with immobilized metal cations. The synthesis of chelating exchangers requires a final product with a highly stable metal in the ligand-metal complex. The nature, oxidation state, size, and affinity of the metal for the target oxyanions and the size, degree of protonation and space configuration of the oxyanion are among critical factors affecting the oxyanion uptake. There is a limited number of studies on the critical parameters affecting the selenium affinity for chelating exchangers. Such a study could fill in the gaps of our understanding of selenium-metal- chelating ligand interactions and assist in developing a new ion exchanger. In addition to commercial IX resins, layered double hydroxide materials (LDHs) have received attention for oxyanion removal from waste water. The adsorption capacity of the LDHs are affected by the crystallinity of LDH, the nature of metal components, the ratio of metals, charge and type of anion, and the space between the layers. In particular, the Friedel phase (FP), a member of the LDH family, showed high adsorption capacity for selenate removal from synthetic solution. A study is currently underway at the University of British Columbia to investigate the effect of different synthesis methods and aging on the suitability of FP for selenium removal from mine waste water.

10:55 – Paper No.: 9487 Management of Nitrogen Compounds in Mine Wastewater: Comparing Selective Adsorption and Electro-Oxidation to Other Treatment Methods David Kratochvil, Farzad Mohamm, C. Xiao, A. Borsoi, and Patrick Littlejohn, BQE Water ABSTRACT Ammonia originating from cyanide

destruction and/or blasting residue is often a cause of concern for environmental compliance and at times, for water re-use in metallurgical circuits. Natural attenuation of ammonia in tailings ponds and wetlands is not always sufficient to ensure compliance and/or achievement of overall water management objectives. Similarly, thiocyanate generated as a by-product of cyanidation can be a contributor to effluent toxicity. This paper provides a general overview of active treatment methods for

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ammonia and thiocyanate control, followed by an in- depth investigation of selective adsorption combined with electro-oxidation as the potential treatment method for certain types of waste streams based on site-specific factors. Results from bench-scale treatability studies completed on several mine waste streams containing products of cyanidation and cyanide destruction will be included, as well as a discussion on the influence of site-specific factors on the selection of the appropriate treatment method.

11:20 – Paper No.: 9408 Removal Properties of Boron from Wastewater Using LowCrystalline Magnesium Oxide Synthesized by Low-Temperature Calcination Hiroki Fukuda, Shungo Hobo, Giuseppe Granata, and Chiharu Tokoro, Waseda University Yuichiro Toba and Masahiro Eguchi, Organo Corporation ABSTRACT Currently, large amounts of wastewater

containing boron are discharged from industries like coal-fired power plants. Although coagulationsedimentation is widely employed for their treatment, little consideration has been given to its mechanism. An additional problem is that the produced sludge has poor solid-liquid separability. Therefore, focusing on coagulation-sedimentation using magnesium, this study examined its mechanism and aimed at improving the solid-liquid separability. First, co-precipitation using magnesium hydroxide was used against high-concentration wastewater with 500 mg-B/L. Second, in order to improve the solid-liquid separability while maintaining high reactivity, low-crystalline magnesium oxide was synthesized from basic magnesium carbonate by calcination at 400–700°C. It was tested with the adsorption method and compared with the co-precipitation using magnesium hydroxide. The co-precipitation showed high removal capacity. Xray diffraction of the sludge revealed the presence of other compounds besides magnesium hydroxide. This result suggests other phenomena than simple adsorption onto magnesium hydroxide, and provides a plausible explanation for the observed high performance. As for the adsorption, the synthesized magnesium oxide immobilized as much or more amount of the boron as the co-precipitation. Furthermore, the results of fourier transform infrared spectroscopy suggested the residual magnesium carbonate improved solid-liquid separability due to its poor solubility.

ROOM NUMBER: PRINCE OF WALES - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: ARSENIC; WASTE MANAGEMENT TUE PM1 14:00 14:00 – Paper No.: 9417 Synthesis of Scorodite Coated In-situ with Hydrated Ferric Oxide and Its Leaching Stability Zhihong Liu, and Pingchao Ke, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University ABSTRACT To overcome the problem that scorodite

is not stable in neutral and alkaline solutions, we proposed and investigated a synthesis method of scorodite coated in-situ with hydrated ferric oxide in the Fe(II)-As(V)-H2O system at the initial Fe(III)/As(V) molar ratios larger than 1.0. The synthesis was carried out at 90ºC, pH 1.5 under atmospheric pressure. During the synthesis, oxygen gas was conducted and bubbled into the system to oxidize Fe(II) ions into Fe(III) ions, and Na2CO3 aqueous solution as neutralizing agent was added controllably into the system for keeping the pH constant at 1.5. In this study, three samples of scorodite were synthesized at the controlled initial Fe(II)/As(V) molar ratios of 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0, respectively. The characterizations of the samples by HRTEM, TEM/EDX, and chemical composition indicated that the particle surfaces of scorodite synthesized at the initial Fe(II)/As(V) molar ratio of 2.0 and 3.0 were coated in situ by a film of hydrated ferric oxide with the thickness of several nanometers, while the sample synthesized at the initial Fe(II)/As(V) molar ratio of 1.0 was uncoated scorodite. The TCLP and longterm leaching for the toxicity characteristic of the samples showed that scorodite coated in situ with hydrated ferric oxide was stable in a wide pH range from 3.0 to 10.0, with the arsenic concentrations in the leaching solutions less than 1.0 mg/L. Nevertheless, uncoated scorodite was unstable under the conditions from weak acidity to alkalinity, with the arsenic concentrations in the leaching solutions larger than 5.0 mg/L.

14:25 – Paper No.: 9418 Fe(III)-As(V) Precipitates Obtained from the Fe(II)-As(V)SO42–-H2O System and Their Leaching Stability Pingchao Ke and Zhihong Liu, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University ABSTRACT Fe(III)-As(V) precipitates were synthesized

from the Fe(II)-As(V)-SO42--H2O system at 90°C in initial Fe(II)/As(V) molar ratios of 4.0 and 5.0, respectively. The syntheses were carried out by

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introducing oxygen gas into the system to oxidize Fe(II) ions into Fe (III) ions, and at the same time, adding aqueous sodium carbonate solution into the system to neutralize the acid released by the hydrolysis reactions, with the purpose of keeping the pH constant at 1.5±0.05. The precipitates obtained were characterized by XRD, chemical composition analysis, SEM, XPS, and Raman spectrum. The results indicated that the particles in the precipitates were in the morphology of irregular aggregation with their sizes in the range of about 1–4 μm. The precipitates consisted of scorodite, ferric arsenate and amorphous hydrated ferric oxide, of which amorphous hydrated ferric oxide formulated as Fe(OH)x(SO42–)y. The characteristic XPS peaks of Fe-AsO43– and Fe-O in the precipitates located at 711.8 and 713.3 eV, separately, and the existence of amorphous hydrated ferric oxide led to two series of shake off lines developed over the end of high binding energy of Fe2p XPS. The precipitates were stable in TCLP tests at pH 4.93 for 60 hours with the arsenic concentrations in the leaching solutions being 0.27 mg/L and 0.59 mg/L for the precipitates prepared in the initial Fe(II)/As(V) molar ratios of 4.0 and 5.0, respectively. The tests for the long-term stability of the precipitates were carried out by leaching them for 40 days at 25°C under various media in the pH range from 9.50 to 10.57, and the results showed that the precipitates synthesized in this study were much more stable than those by previous researchers.

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

products with high added value for the company. Also, by removing large masses of waste, environmental pollution is gradually eliminated. This fully operational method is producing economic and environmental benefits.

14:50 – Paper No.: 9405 Waste Management in the GolGohar Mining & Industrial Co. by Identifying and Extracting Industrial Minerals in Dry Tailings Mineral Processing Lines Masoud Askari, Golgohar Mining and Industrial Co. H. Nouranian, Materials and Energy Institute of Iran ABSTRACT GolGohar Mining & Industrial Co. in Iran

produces 16 million tons of iron products annually. One of the poles pelletizing and iron ore production that in recent years, due to the use of mineral processing techniques and ore body positioning between the metamorphic rocks. Large amounts (> 150 million tons) of waste and dry tailings are created during extraction and mineral processing, which contain sulfide- and silicate-containing heavy metals such as mercury and arsenic. Many environmental problems such as groundwater pollution in the region have followed. In this study, industrial minerals were identified and extracted from dry tailings mineral processing lines, creating new

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GENERAL HYDROMETALLURGY ROOM

AM1

AM2

PM1

PM2

Hydromet Operations MON PM1 14:00

Hydromet Operations MON PM2 15:40

Hydromet Dev II TUE PM1 14:00

Hydromet Dev II TUE PM2 15:40

Monday, August 28

Plaza B - 2nd floor

Copper Hydrometallurgy MON AM2 10:05 Tuesday, August 29

Plaza B - 2nd floor

Hydromet Dev I TUE AM2 10:05

Monday, August 28 ROOM NUMBER: PLAZA B - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: COPPER HYDROMETALLURGY - MON AM2 10:05 10:05 – Paper No.: 9505 Use of Glycine as an Alternative Lixiviant to Leach Copper from Chalcopyrite Doyun Shin, Junmo Ahn, and Jaeheon Lee, University of Arizona ABSTRACT Many alternative leaching systems,

including bacterial leaching, have been introduced to avoid passivation on the surface of chalcopyrite and to increase the leaching efficiency of copper from chalcopyrite. Recently, glycine, one of the simplest amino acids, has been emerging as an efficient and environmentally friendly lixiviant to recover copper. In the present study, an alkaline glycine–peroxide lixiviant system was used to leach copper from chalcopyrite concentrate and the leaching mechanisms were also investigated by a suite of kinetic study in different conditions. The chalcopyrite concentrate contains 28.8% copper with 30.8% sulfide sulfur. The effect of concentration of glycine and hydrogen peroxide of the leaching solution was investigated. Glycine concentration was varied from 0.1 to 1.0 M and the hydrogen peroxide concentration was changed between 1 to 5%. Other parameters are leaching time and pulp density. Hydrogen peroxide is an oxidant in the system and the leaching efficiency with a periodic addition of the peroxide was also studied. Mineralogical study was performed using XRD and SEM. To investigate the surface of the residue materials, XPS was used to see if any passivating layer was formed during the leaching. Detailed

results from mineralogical, chemical, and metallurgical studies will be presented and discussed.

10:30 – Paper No.: 9432 Adsorption and Oxidation Properties of Activated Carbon and AF5 in the Copper Sulfide Minerals Leaching Process Fazel Jahromi and Ahmad Ghahreman, Queen’s University ABSTRACT Several research projects have evaluated

the atmospheric leaching of copper sulfide minerals in the presence of activated carbon and a new catalyst called AF5 with different surface properties. The activated carbon surface chemistry has been investigated in various studies. However, the connection between the surface chemistry of activated carbon and AF5 with the sulfide minerals in sulfide ore leaching was not identified. In this study, the zeta potentials of activated carbon and AF5 were measured in neutral and oxidizing conditions as a function of pH. The effect of chemical activation on these two types of activated carbon were studied. In the second part of the study, the zeta potentials of enargite and chalcopyrite were measured during the leaching process to study the effect of pH and oxidizing condition on the behavior of the passive layer and sulfur on the surface of the post-leaching products. Adsorption and oxidation of copper, arsenic, and iron ions in the presence of different types of activated carbon were investigated.

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10:55 – Paper No.: 9589 Enhancement of Copper Extraction from Covellite by Mechanochemical Activation Mitsuaki Matsuoka, Kansai University Jia Chen, Kengo Horiuchi, Giuseppe Granata, and Chiharu Tokoro, Waseda University ABSTRACT Given the high demand for copper and

the lack of new high-grade deposits, low-grade copper ores containing copper oxides and refractory sulfides need to be processed as well. However, in order to recover copper from refractory copper ores, the leaching performances should be improved. In this study, we investigated the effect of the mechanical activation in the leaching of copper from covellite. The influence of a mechanical treatment by planetary ball milling on leaching rate in sulfuric leaching media was evaluated using Xray diffraction (XRD), mineral liberation analysis, and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS). Results showed a significant increase of copper leaching rate from approximately 50 to 100%, along with an improvement of the leaching kinetics when using planetary ball milling. XRD spectra showed the disappearance of the covellite peak from (101) face, thus suggesting the amorphization of covellite associated to the use of planetary ball milling. XAFS results showed that the coordination number of Cu changed from 6 to 3, thereby confirming the effectiveness of the mechanochemical effect.

11:20 – Paper No.: 9675 Sulfate Leaching of Chalcopyrite: The Use of Potassium Iodide to Enhance the Dissolution of Copper Giuseppe Granata, Chiharu Tokoro, and Akio Fuwa, Waseda University Akira Miura, JX Nippon Mining and Metals Co. Ltd. ABSTRACT High copper demand and the lack of new

high-grade deposits are pushing the copper industry toward processing low-grade and refractory ores such as chalcopyrite. However, for quantitative dissolution of copper from chalcopyrite, leaching performances still need to be improved. In the present research, we studied and optimized the iodide-assisted leaching of chalcopyrite in H2SO4-Fe2(SO4)3 media. The evolution of surface species during leaching was determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and mineral liberation analysis. Inductively-coupled plasma spectrometry was used to determine the dissolved copper. Significance of experimental results was assessed by statistical analysis while a kinetic analysis of the leaching process was performed by fitting the

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experimental data with the shrinking-core model. Results showed the significant positive effect of iodide on the copper extraction rate. In the presence of potassium iodide (KI), the dissolution rate of copper was almost double than in the analogous experiments without KI. Whether using KI or not, elemental sulfur was generated on the surface of the leached chalcopyrite. However, in the presence of KI, the passivation layer did not arrest leaching. Kinetic analysis revealed that leaching dynamics were controlled by chemical kinetics.

11:45 – Paper No.: 9435 Quantification and Speciation of Copper, Arsenic, and Iron in Atmospheric Leaching of Enargite and Chalcopyrite in the Presence of AF5 Fazel Jahromi and Ahmad Ghahreman, Queen’s University ABSTRACT

Atmospheric leaching of sulfide ores and the arsenic problem in enargite leaching are some of the hot topics in hydrometallurgy. One of the recently developed processes for sulfide ore treatment is atmospheric leaching in the presence of activated carbon and AF5 in chloride media. The quantification of different ions in enargite and chalcopyrite leaching in the presence of activated carbon and AF5 was investigated using titration methods to elucidate the leaching mechanism. Thermodynamics of oxidation and scorodite precipitation were calculated and speciation of ions in chloride media were also simulated by Phreeqc software.

ROOM NUMBER: PLAZA B - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: HYDROMET OPERATIONS - MON PM1 14:00 14:00 – Paper No.: 9520 Hydrochloric Acid in Hydrometallurgy Fathi Habashi, Laval University ABSTRACT Hydrochloric acid (HCl), although more

expensive than sulfuric acid, is useful as a leaching agent in reactions involving iron oxide. The reason for this substitution was the discovery that oxyhydrolysis of ferrous chloride can recycle HCl economically. This avoids pollution of the environment by ferrous sulfate. It was also found that the rate of leaching of sulfides is faster when HCl is used rather than sulfuric acid, apparently due to the formation of aqueous chlorine. In case of refractory gold ores, HCl leaching under pressure avoids the use of cyanide solution, since gold chlo-

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ride is produced, which can be recovered by standard methods. HCl is also useful for leaching of scheelite and apatite but its use in leaching clay and anorthosite is questionable.

14:25 – Paper No.: 9491 Hydrogen Mitigation in the McClean Lake Uranium Leaching Circuit William McCombe, Laura Nightingale-Mercer, and Lyle Zunti, Hatch Ltd. Martin Bernardin, Independent Glen Remple, AREVA Resources Canada ABSTRACT The McClean Lake Mill is located approx-

imately 700 km north of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada and is operated by AREVA Resources Canada Inc. (AREVA). The mill was designed to process high grade uranium ores, and has been undergoing a multiyear expansion to increase its production capacity to 24 Mlbs U3O8 per annum, while also undergoing upgrades to allow it to safely transition to processing high grade ores from the Cigar Lake Mine. During the metallurgical test work on the Cigar Lake ores, it was identified that some ore zones in the Cigar Lake deposit have a propensity to generate hydrogen gas during acid leaching. Hydrogen is a volatile and explosive gas, which poses obvious safety concerns in the leaching circuit. Uranium processing is further complicated by the fact that an oxidant in the form of oxygen gas or hydrogen peroxide is required to regenerate iron in the leach, which further increases the risk from hydrogen gas. During 2013, Hatch and AREVA designed and engineered a number of novel upgrades for the leaching circuit to mitigate the risk of hydrogen gas evolution in the process. Best in class technology was utilized in addition to control and operating strategy changes to ensure the leaching circuit can be safely operated with ores that can evolve hydrogen gas. This paper reviews the design concepts and modifications implemented on this unique and challenging project.

14:50 – Paper No.: 9495 Inventory Predictive Control for Batch Process Production Regulation Carole Prévost, BBA Roberto Pinto, Rio Tinto Fer et Titane Vincent Leclerc and Michel Ruel, BBA ABSTRACT A buffer’s ability to dampen production

variations is directly related to its size. Small buffers cannot handle large variations in production, resulting in production losses when their inventory

is depleted or saturated. This paper presents a predictive control algorithm used to regulate the inventory in a buffer of limited size, subject to large production variations caused by an upstream batch process. The algorithm was designed to manage the acid flow rates in an acid regeneration process, servicing batch leach reactors at Rio Tinto Fer et Titane, in Sorel-Tracy, Québec. The objective was to increase production by reducing equipment downtime caused by imbalances in the acid tanks servicing the leach reactors. The controller attempts to maintain acceptable acid tank volumes by optimizing the leach reactors acid/slag ratio and reaction time as a function of anticipated acid needs, all while maintaining product quality.

ROOM NUMBER: PLAZA B - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: HYDROMET OPERATIONS - MON PM2 15:40 15:40 – Paper No.: 9695 Severe Service Valve Specifications for Hydrometallurgy Applications Ross Waters, CGIS (CG Industrial Specialties) ABSTRACT The technology behind industrial applica-

tions such as hydrometallurgy continues to evolve, as do the corresponding regulations and specifications that ensure the safety of workers and the environment. Valves make up key aspects of this technology, and often represent the single point of failure for entire operations. More often than not, the valves being used in hydrometallurgy applications are known as Severe Service Valves (SSVs) due to their ability to withstand the extreme conditions. Most experts agree that SSVs are identified by applications, and that these applications are challenging to the valve’s ability to provide a minimum acceptable level of performance over a minimum acceptable duration. The Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry has designated Ross Waters, President of CGIS, as Lead to the Task Force put in place to determine the minimum requirements for a valve to be able to perform to when faced with extreme conditions, whether from pressure, temperature, toxicity, solids, or usage. This paper serves to determine what the minimum requirements are for SSVs in hydrometallurgy applications. It will draw on four decades of industry experience from Canada’s leading valve expert.

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16:05 – Paper No.: 9399 A New Perspective on Kinetics of Chalcocite Leaching Mohsen Hashemzadeh, Valentina Concha Silva, and Wenying Liu, University of British Columbia

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to gain a

better insight into the kinetics of chalcocite leaching in an acidic ferric sulfate medium. Chalcocite leaching in acidic media is known to occur in two sequential stages, with the first stage being much faster than the second. The leaching residue from the first stage is typically assumed to be a covellite type of material. This study hypothesized that the mineralogy after the first-stage of leaching varies in response to different leaching conditions. We investigated the dependency of the mineralogy of the first-stage leaching residue on temperature and initial ferric sulfate concentration. The experimental results showed that the leaching intermediate after the first stage changed with temperature and initial ferric sulfate concentration. A proposed combined reaction model was found to describe the experimental data very well. The first stage was described very well by the shrinking core diffusion model, while the second stage was described very well by the shrinking sphere chemical reaction model. This finding has important implications for mine operations to manipulate leaching conditions to create the desirable mineralogy and therefore leaching kinetics.

Tuesday, August 29

ROOM NUMBER: PLAZA B - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: HYDROMET DEV I - TUE AM2 10:05 10:05 – Paper No.: 9420 Effect of Temperature on Kinetic Properties of the Fe(II)/Fe(III) Redox Couple on the Surface of Pyrite Lin Li and Ahmad Ghahreman, Queen’s University ABSTRACT In this study, the Fe(II)/Fe(III) redox reac-

tion kinetics on the surface of pyrite were investigated in a 0.5 M sulfuric acid solution for a temperature range of 22 to 65°C. Based on mixed potential theory, chronoamperometry was introduced to isolate the Fe(II)/Fe(III) reaction from other interfering reaction of pyrite oxidation and oxygen reduction and to study its kinetics. By subtracting the current density of pyrite oxidation in a Fe-free acidic solution from that in a Fe-containing solution the Fe(II)/Fe(III), kinetics were isolated and studied.

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Tafel behavior was established by chronoamperometry to analyze the kinetics of the Fe(II)/Fe(III) redox reactions. Results showed that exchange current densities increased slightly with temperature, but remained on the order of 10-5 A cm-2. The activation energy for Fe(II) oxidation and Fe(III) reduction on the pyrite surfaces was calculated to be 102.0 and 32.7 kJ/mol, respectively. Anodic transfer coefficients also increased from 0.24 to 0.39 with increasing temperature, which indicates a decreasing potential barrier for Fe(II) oxidation at higher temperatures. This also can be related to a weakened n-type semiconductor property at higher temperatures. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements indicated that at lower anodic over potentials, the charge transfer is the rate-determining step of pyrite oxidative dissolution in sulfuric acid solution. In the presence of Fe ions, the major contribution of the total current density comes from the Fe(II)/Fe(III) redox reaction and the diffusion process between the bulk pyrite and the passive layer controls the rate of pyrite oxidation.

10:30 – Paper No.: 9451 Electrochemical Kinetics of Ferric/Ferrous ReductionOxidation on Sphalerite Saeid Karimi, Ahmad Ghahreman, and Fereshteh Rashchi, Queen’s University Javad Moghaddam, University of Zanjan ABSTRACT In this work, the kinetics of the ferric-fer-

rous redox reaction on a passivated sphalerite electrode is studied by the application of the chronoamperometry method in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution. The electrochemical behaviour of ferric and ferrous couple was investigated on two sphalerite minerals acquired from two geological regions (Iran and Canada). The carbon paste electrode of sphalerite was initially prepared and passivated in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution and after reaching the steady-state condition, ferric and ferrous sulfate solutions were added. The registered current density difference between the current density of the passivated electrode and that of the electrode in the iron salts added solution was interpreted for the kinetics of the ferric-ferrous reduction- oxidation reaction. The equilibrium potential for ferric-ferrous couple on the sphalerite surface was about 500 mV, which was lower than the calculated equilibrium potential due to the lower chemical activities of ferric ions in the H2SO4 solution. The exchange current density (i0) for ferric-ferrous redox reactions on the spha-

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lerite samples had the same magnitude of 10-6 A cm-2. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements at 550 mV illustrated that sphalerite oxidation was controlled by the two charge transfer process in both of Fe-free and Fe-containing solutions. By comparison, the charge transfer resistance remarkably decreased when Fe salts were added to the 0.5 M H2SO4 solution, because the ferric-ferrous redox reactions were the predominant reactions on the sphalerite surface.

10:55 – Paper No.: 9500 Characterization of Solid Residue from Leaching New Zealand Ironsand Mohammad Nusheh, Anne-Helene Puichaud, and Chris Bumby, Robinson Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington ABSTRACT Vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite iron-

sand deposits occur along a 400 km stretch of the west coast of New Zealand. In the present study, the leaching behaviour of NZ ironsand was investigated in hydrochloric acid (2–10 M) solution at 50–80°C for 2 h. The resulting leaching liquors exhibited Fe/V ratios in the range 150–180. The distribution of trace element contaminants between solution and solid residue was investigated, and processing conditions have been determined for rapid and efficient dissolution of Fe, Ti, and V into the leaching solution. In addition, mineralogical analysis of raw ironsand and leached residues was performed in order to study the leaching mechanism. Samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, qualitative and quantitative X-ray diffraction and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Results indicate that the dominant dissolution process follows the shrinking-core mechanism. However, ironsand particles containing ex-solution lamellae exhibited a different leaching behaviour compared to homogenous titanomagnetite particles.

11:20 – Paper No.: 9746 Recovery of Tungsten and Vanadium from Spent SCR Catalyst by Hydrometallurgical Methods Jyothi Rajesh Kumar, Inhyeok Choi, Gyeonghye Moon, and JinYoung Lee, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) ABSTRACT This paper deals with the recovery of the

tungsten and vanadium from spent SCR catalyst leach liquors by different hydrometallurgical meth-

ods. The first part consists of pressure leaching of spent SCR catalyst using caustic soda followed by metal recovery by liquid-liquid extraction. In a leaching process, the following experimental parameters were tested and optimized: NaOH, particle size of feedstock, temperature, and S/L ratio. The optimum condition for leaching of tungsten and vanadium was under the following conditions: NaOH 3 mol/L, temperature 250°C, particle size <300 µm, and solid to liquid ratio 0.4. From these optimum conditions in this experiment, the dissolution efficiency of vanadium and tungsten was 91.5 and 87%, respectively. Liquid-liquid extraction with the following commercial extractants was tested: TBP, Cyanex 272, D2EHPA, Aliquat 336, Primeme JM-T, Alamine 308, Alamine 304-1, and methyl-tri-octyl-ammonium chloride. The conditions for both valuable metal recoveries were optimized.

11:45 – Paper No.: 9456 Solvent Extraction Studies of Molybdenum with CYANEX® 600 Brighty Dutta and David Dreisinger, University of British Columbia Michael Moser, Solvay S.A. ABSTRACT Molybdenum is widely used in the indus-

tries as an alloying element in the manufacture of steels and super alloys. The widespread use of the element encourages a growing need to develop extraction processes for recovery from both primary and secondary sources. The Solvay Group has developed a solvent extraction reagent named CYANEX® 600 for the recovery of molybdenum from acidic solutions originating from both low grade (e.g. copper solvent extraction raffinates, smelter dusts and slags) and high grade (molybdenite) molybdenum sources. CYANEX® 600 is a purified form of CYANEX® 272 with the active component bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinic acid. The extraction behavior of CYANEX® 600 towards molybdenum in sulphuric acid medium was evaluated. The uptake of molybdenum increased with the increase in concentration of CYANEX® 600. The approximate stoichiometry of the extracted complex was: Mo:CYANEX® 600 = 1:2. Efficient back-extraction could be achieved with 0.1 M disodium EDTA and 0.1 M (NH4)2CO3, thus providing the option of recyclability of the extractant. The detailed back-extraction studies are currently under progress to find out the possible option for complete transfer of Mo(VI) to the aqueous phase so that high purity Mo salts could be precipitated from the molybdate solutions.

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ROOM NUMBER: PLAZA B - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: HYDROMET DEV II - TUE PM1 14:00 14:00 – Paper No.: 9421 The Kinetics of Cerium(III) Oxidation with Different Oxidants James McNeice and Ahmad Ghahreman, Queen’s University, The Robert M. Buchan Department of Mining Engineering ABSTRACT Cerium is the most abundant rare earth

metal and is often found in deposits along with small amounts of more valuable metals such as neodymium and gadolinium. As a result, the production of cerium oxide often exceeds market demands, thus in some cases it would make more sense to remove the cerium from the process solutions before further purification. A common method of cerium removal is to precipitate CeO2 from the acidic leach liquors by raising the pH to oxidize cerium(III) to cerium(IV). This study investigates the oxidation kinetics using three oxidants; hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, and potassium permanganate. The effect of oxidant, pH, cerium concentration and temperature on the oxidation kinetics will be discussed. Cerium oxidation in solutions with pH ranging from 1.0 to 4.0 were investigated at cerium concentrations ranging from 2.0 g/L to 16.0 g/L. A cerium recovery of 40% can be achieved at different conditions with each oxidant at room temperature, with higher recovery at 60°C.

14:25 – Paper No.: 9557 Improvement of Cerium Recovery from Rare Earth Ore by Mechanochemically Activated Leaching Tatsuya Kato, Giuseppe Granata, and Chiharu Tokoro, Waseda University Yuki Tsunazawa and Tetsuichi Takagi, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology ABSTRACT The goal of this study was to evaluate the

effectiveness of mechanochemical activation by planetary milling as a method to enhance the recovery of cerium from rare earth ores. For this purpose, a weathered ore was first ground by planetary milling and then leached by sulfuric acid. The influence of planetary milling was investigated by assisting the experiments with X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) in cerium LIII-edge and inductively coupled plasma spectrometry to measure the concentration of cerium dissolved by leaching. Results showed that by increasing the grinding time, the recovery of cerium significantly increased, although the particle size of the specimen

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increased due to agglomeration. This finding clearly indicated that a smaller particle size actually hindered the recovery of cerium. In particular, XAFS analysis revealed that the longer the grinding time, the more tetravalent cerium could be converted into trivalent cerium and that such conversion, also called mechanochemical reaction was beneficial to the recovery of cerium. Based on the obtained results, it was confirmed that approximately 70% of cerium could be recovered by mechanochemically activated leaching of rare earth ores.

14:50 – Paper No.: 9600 Recycling of Spent Auto-Catalyst Using Alkaline Roasting Followed by Sulfuric Acid Dissolution Ha Trinh and Rajiv Ranjan Srivastava, Korea University of Science and Technology Jae-chun Lee and Sookyong Kim, Korea University of Science and Technology and Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) ABSTRACT Platinum group metals (PGMs) are exten-

sively employed in manufacturing of catalytic converters required to control hazardous gaseous emissions (CO, NOx, and hydrocarbons) from automobiles. In order to meet future demand for PGMs, it is necessary to recover them from different secondary resources, including spent auto-catalyst. In the recovery of PGMs from spent auto-catalyst using hydrometallurgical route, the dissolution of cordierite (2MgO.2Al2O3.5SiO2) substrate has been found to be very difficult. Due to this, the recovery of PGMs consumes large amounts of acid and oxidizing reagents. Therefore, in this study we introduce an alternative approach to separate PGMs from the cordierite substrate by roasting spent auto-catalyst with sodium hydroxide following a dilute sulfuric acid leaching. The NaOH roasting converts the cordiertite into soluble sodium aluminate and sodium magnesium, which can simply be dissolved in 1 mol/L sulfuric acid solution, leaving PGMs in residue as concentrate. Later in the process, the PGM concentrated residue is treated to recover the precious metals.

ROOM NUMBER: PLAZA B - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: HYDROMET DEV II - TUE PM2 15:40 15:40 – Paper No.: 9662 Water Recovery via Natural Freeze-Thaw Eric Shum and Vladimiros G. Papangelakis, University of Toronto ABSTRACT Attempts to reduce the energy require-

ments of water recovery have resulted in the

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development of techniques to freeze and purify aqueous solutions that take advantage of local climatic conditions. Natural freezing is a technique by which aqueous solution is exposed to freezing air temperatures, resulting in the production of a layer of ice on the surface. As the ice layer tends to exclude solute, a concentrated solution is formed. However, due to dendritic ice growth along the advancing growth front, small quantities of solution are trapped within the ice, decreasing the purity of the water recovered. The ice produced is thawed in order to improve the quality of water recovered. As the more concentrated parts of the ice melt first, after rejecting the initial melt water produced, a purer solid remains. In this study, 0.5 molar magnesium sulfate solution was frozen under simulated natural freezing conditions at temperatures between –1 and –6°C. The ice produced was thawed at either room temperature or 50°C applied via a metal plate on the bottom of the ice. Up to 40% of the water was recovered with a separation efficiency of above 95% when thawing at room temperature.

usually done with secondary zinc oxides to remove most of the halides, is discussed along with the challenges within this step.

16:05 – Paper No.: 9393 Impurities of Secondary Zinc Oxides as Limiting Factors for the Primary Industry Caterina Benigni, Christoph Pichler, and Juergen Antrekowitsch, Montanuniversitaet Leoben ABSTRACT The recycling of steel mill dust results in

zinc oxides that are sold to the primary industry in order to recover zinc in its metallic form. Due to the presence of impurities—chlorine and fluorine— these secondary oxides are usually charged into the roaster together with primary concentrates. Problems in this furnace limit the application of secondary materials. Based on the zinc amount, direct leaching, assuming that a low halide concentration is present, would be possible. To use the zinc solution directly in the electrowinning stage, the concentration of impurities, first of all iron, is limited. Iron can be found in secondary zinc oxides due to carry-over during the recycling process. In order to reduce the iron content in the solution, the leaching has to be pH controlled. This leads to a limited number of simple purification steps before the solution enters the electrolysis. Various trials were performed to evaluate the influence of temperature, time, and sulfuric acid concentration on iron dissolution. This paper deals with the results and also focuses on other impurities such as halides. Additionally, the soda washing process,

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LIGHT METAL ALLOYS: PROCESSING FOR PERFORMANCE ROOM

AM1

AM2

PM1

PM2

Light Metal Alloys MON PM1 14:00

Light Metal Alloys MON PM2 15:40

Monday, August 28

Plaza C - 2nd floor Tuesday, August 29

Plaza C - 2nd floor

Light Metal Alloys TUE AM1 8:00

Light Metal Alloys TUE AM2 10:05

Monday, August 28 ROOM NUMBER: PLAZA C - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: LIGHT METAL ALLOYS - MON PM1 14:00 14:00 – Paper No.: 9494 KEYNOTE: Delineating the Effect of Composition on the Precipitation Hardening Behaviour of 6000 Series Al Alloys – A New Perspective Shahrzad Esmaeili and Li Hua Liao, University of Waterloo David J. Lloyd, Al Materials Consultants Babak Raeisinia, Novelis Global Research & Technology Center ABSTRACT The precipitation hardening behaviour of

6000 series Al alloys has been extensively studied in the past decades. In particular, many studies have concentrated on evaluating the effects of the heat treatment history and compositional characteristics on the microstructural evolution and/or hardening behaviour during artificial aging treatments. Furthermore, advancements in atomic and nano-scale characterization and numerical simulation techniques in recent years have provided potent analytical tools in evaluating the early stage precipitation hardening phenomena. Despite this rich background, a better understanding of the mechanisms behind commercially-relevant precipitation hardening phenomena is required, so that highly enhanced alloy properties and optimized processes are achieved. In the current work, we use our newest findings, along with previously-acquired data, to delineate the mechanisms that govern the effect of composition on the precipitation hardening behaviour of Cu-free and Cu-containing 6000 series Al alloy. A new perspective for alloy and process design is further introduced.

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14:25 – Paper No.: 9521 Relationships Between some Microstructural Features and Tensile Mechanical Properties of a Directionally Solidified Hypereutectic Al-15Si-1.5Mg Alloy José Spinelli, Rodrigo V Reyes, and Leonardo Fernandes Gomes, Federal University of São Carlos Rafael Kakitani, Amauri Garcia, and Noé Cheung, University of Campinas ABSTRACT The present research work deals with

directional solidification of both Al- 15wt.%Si and Al-15wt.%Si-1.5wt.%Mg alloys and further characterization of the related microstructures. The growth of refined primary Si and refined eutectic is well-known to improve mechanical properties of AlSi based alloys. Alloying is also an effective method to strengthen the Al-Si based alloys, in which Mg is considered an important alloying element. However, lack of investigation regarding the effects of Mg on microstructure is noted. Thus, in the present research, emphasis is given to both dendritic and eutectic growth being affected by solidification kinetics (V-eutectic growth rate and G-thermal gradient) during transient directional solidification. Experimental evolutions of microstructural spacings of both alloys have been determined, which makes it possible to understand the effects of Mg on microstructure. A direct comparison of tensile mechanical properties is also performed. These correlations show that the addition of Mg improves tensile mechanical resistance with a minor decrease on ductility. Furthermore, the solidification path of the ternary AlSi-Mg has been determined by the use of a computational thermodynamics software (Thermo-Calc), which resulted in the following sequence of precipitation: Liquid>Si>alpha(Al)+Si> alpha(Al)+Si+Mg2Si.

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14:50 – Paper No.: 9453 Qualification of Al-Cu Casting Alloys for Application in Permanent Mold Casting Processes Franziska Kroeger and Babette Tonn, Clausthal University of Technology, Institute of Metallurgy, Department of Foundry Technology ABSTRACT The continued further development in

engine technology leads to an augmentation in power density, which steadily elevates the requirements for thermally and thermomechanically highly loaded components such as cylinder heads and pistons. Due to these high performance requirements, conventionally applied Al-Si alloys have reached their application limits, since their mechanical properties deteriorate quickly under the influence of heat. Improved applicability is given by Al-Cu-based casting alloys, which have a higher high-temperature strength than Al-Si alloys. Since Al-Cu alloys exhibit insufficient casting characteristics, especially regarding hot tearing susceptibility and increased tendency for porosity, it is currently not possible to cast geometrically complex components in robust permanent mold casting processes. The further development of AlCu alloys is aimed at finding an optimum between improving castability and maintaining high-temperature strength and thermal conductivity. It is known that a high amount of eutectic reduces the hot tearing susceptibility of an alloy, but it reduces thermal conductivity at the same time. This talk will describe how the conflicting objectives—improved high-temperature strength, good thermal conductivity, and reduced hot tearing susceptibility—can be brought together to develop an optimized Al-Cu alloy for application in permanent mold casting.

ROOM NUMBER: PLAZA C - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: LIGHT METAL ALLOYS - MON PM2 15:40 15:40 – Paper No.: 9452 Grain Boundary Fracture of Al-Mg Base Alloys Containing Traces of Sodium Keitaro Horikawa, S. Kitahata, and Hidetoshi Kobayashi, Osaka University ABSTRACT It has been clarified that the Al-5%Mg and

5083 aluminum alloys containing 200 mass ppm of sodium showed grain boundary (GB) fracture, even when tested at room temperature, as well as at high temperatures (~500°C). SEM/EDX study revealed that the GB fracture was associated with the segregation of sodium on grain boundaries of the Al-Mg base alloys. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed that the GB fracture at room

temperature of Al-Mg alloys was caused by sodium segregation in the solid state. The tendency of the GB fracture strongly depended on the heat treatment: the alloys after the solution heat treatment showed apparent GB fracture compared with the alloys after the homogenizing treatment. Moreover, GB fracture at room temperature by sodium segregation was suppressed by the addition of bismuth or indium. The suppression of the GB fracture by the additional elements was believed to be scavenging effects by the formation of sodium bearing compounds in grains.

16:05 – Paper No.: 9396 Analysis of Hydrogen-Based Pore Distribution in A356 and B206 Aluminum Alloys Saibal Modak, University of British Columbia Andre Phillion, McMaster University Steve Cockcroft and Daan Maijer, University of British Columbia ABSTRACT This paper presents a comparison

between hydrogen-diffusion-based microporosity formation and growth behaviour of two important aluminum foundry alloys: B206 (Al-Cu) and A356 (AlSi-Mg). Specifically, the predicted pore size and pore fraction distribution of these two alloys resulting from directional solidification and identical hydrogen concentration are investigated numerically based on a model proposed by Lu et al. (2011. Met. & Mat. Trans. 42A, 4137-4148). This model takes into consideration the initial hydrogen content in the melt, the cooling rate, the partitioning of hydrogen between the solid and liquid phases, and the evolution in fraction solid with temperature. Due to different alloy chemistry, the activity of hydrogen in B206 and A356 is quite different, as are the solidification range and resulting solidification microstructure. Being a primary alloy, B206 has dendritic microstructure and solidifies over nearly 135°C (505–641°C), whereas A356 contains 50% eutectic microstructure and solidifies over 80°C (533–613°C). This allows a very different behaviour of micropores (i.e., the effective pore radius in B206 is quite a bit lower compared to A356). The effect of different model parameters, (i.e., impingement due to microstructure, heterogeneous nucleation site, and the critical pressure for pore formation) on the resulting pore radius, pore distribution, and pore volume fraction is also discussed.

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Tuesday, August 29 ROOM NUMBER: PLAZA C - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: LIGHT METAL ALLOYS - TUE AM1 8:00 8:00 – Paper No.: 9655 Friction-Stir Processing of a Cold Spray Deposited Material Farzad Khodabakhshi and Adrian P. Gerlich, University of Waterloo ABSTRACT In this study and for the first time, the

cold gas dynamic spraying process was employed for coating the surface of AZ31 magnesium alloy with an aluminum-zinc alloy (AA7075) to enhance corrosion protection and mechanical properties. Subsequently, friction-stir processing (FSP), an emerging solid-state localized surface modification technique, was used to modify the structure and integrity of the cold-sprayed layer with considerable developments in densification, homogeneity, and microstructural features of the deposited material. The structure of precipitates and grains was also changed due to the applied severe plastic deformation during FSP, which ultimately improved the mechanical properties of the processed AZ31AA7075 bi-metallic structure.

8:25 – Paper No.: 9594 A Study of Rapidly Solidified Al-Cu Eutectic Droplets Abdoul-Aziz Bogno and Jonas Valloton, University of Alberta Michel Rappaz, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Hani Henein, University of Alberta ABSTRACT Rapid solidification of Al-Cu droplets of

eutectic composition has been carried out by Impulse Atomization in argon atmosphere to study the microstructure formation at different cooling rates and undercoolings. Two distinct morphologies were observed within the investigated Al-33wt%Cu droplet microstructures: (i) A regular lamellar eutectic and (ii) an undulated lamellar eutectic. The volume fraction of each morphology was analyzed as a function of cooling rate and undercooling. Phase identification and crystallography of microstructures were carried out by electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and electron backscatter diffraction. The scale of the microstructures was determined through measurements of inter-lamellar spacing across and along the growth direction. Growth velocity and undercooling were deduced using Jackson and Hunt eutectic growth theory. Finally,

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mechanical properties were estimated through micro-hardness analysis by a Vickers hardness tester. It was found that hardness values, increasing with growth rate and undercooling, were three times higher than the values obtained in hypoeutectic Al-Cu alloys.

8:50 – Paper No.: 9747 Assessment of the Impact of Water-Cooled Chill Technology on Microstructure Length-Scales in an A319 Engine Block Casting Steve Cockcroft, Farzaneh Farhang Mehr, and Daan Maijer, University of British Columbia Robert MacKay, Nemak Engineering Center Wade Marquardt, Highland Foundry Ltd. ABSTRACT To comply with the new Corporate Aver-

age Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards, the automotive industry is aiming to reduce weight and increase the power and efficiency of small displacement engines through the application of forced induction technologies. As an example, there are now several 2.0 litre turbocharged engines in production, producing in excess of 240 hp. To meet the need for improved fatigue properties in the engine blocks used in these high-output engines, a new water-cooled chill technology is under exploration at UBC in partnership with General Motors and Nemak. A series of experimental techniques were used to assess the capability of the new chill to extract heat from an A319 casting in the vicinity of the main bearing bulk head. The results show that this method has the potential to achieve a reduction in secondary dendrite arm spacing thus meeting the new microstructural specifications for these engines.

9:15 – Paper No.: 9400 Effects of Ti-Ta Alloy Additions on Ti-46Al Castings Jacob Kennedy and Joon-Hyuk Park, Institute Jean Lamour and Laboratory of Microstructure Studies and Mechanics of Materials (LEM3), University of Lorraine Julien Zollinger and Dominique Daloz, Institute Jean Lamour, and Laboratory of Excellence on Design of Alloy Metals for Low-Mass Structures (LabEx DAMAS), University of Lorraine Emmanuel Bouzy, LEM3 and LabEx DAMAS, University of Lorraine ABSTRACT In order to improve the properties of cast

Ti-Al alloys to replace Ni-based superalloys past the low-pressure stages of aircraft engines, investigations into inoculation for grain refinement were carried out. Previous work showed isomorphic selfinoculation using Ti-Al-Nb particles was effective for grain refinement; however the relatively fast diffu-

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sion of Nb in Ti-Al made it difficult to observe the mechanism of nucleation. An alternative alloy was developed in the Ti-Ta system for isomorphic selfinoculation, maximizing the Ta content to improve the particles survivability in the melt. The powder processing produced comparatively small inoculant particles that dissolved; however, larger particles were seen to survive solidification. The density difference between the inoculant particles and melt resulted in an inhomogeneous mixing of the particles and the melt, with larger particles found near the outer edges of the ingots. Variations on particle size and interaction time between the inoculants and the melt resulted in the Ti-Ta inoculant reducing the as-cast equiaxed grain size by a factor of two compared to non-inoculated samples, as well as increasing the equiaxed fraction in the ingot.

ROOM NUMBER: PLAZA C - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: LIGHT METAL ALLOYS - TUE AM2 10:05 10:05 – Paper No.: 9719 KEYNOTE: A Comparison of Embodied and Process Energy and CO2 for Different Processes Used in the Manufacture of a Major Automotive Power Train Component Mark Jolly, Kostas Salonitis, and Emanuele Pagone, Cranfield University ABSTRACT This paper will show the results of a com-

prehensive assessment of the energy and CO2 impact during the manufacture of diesel and petrol engine cylinder blocks. The research is based on inputs from over 100 world experts from across the automotive supply chain, including raw material mining and smelting companies, alloy recyclers, iron and aluminium foundries, OEM engineers, independent manufacturing specialists, design consultants, heat treaters, and impregnators as well as an extensive review of literature and theoretical calculations. Comparisons are also made with a novel disruptive technology to show how this could have an impact on the energy and CO2 of a major automotive component were it to be adopted. The paper also comments on other environmental impacts from iron and aluminum manufacturing routes. These results provide new insights for OEM decision-makers and a new perspective for legislators to define regulations that truly contribute to the environment and to society.

10:30 – Paper No.: 9515 Development and Verification of Numerical Model for Diffusion of Nitrogen in Titanium Based on Finite Difference Method Jixiang Xu, Steve Cockcroft, Daan Maijer, Lu Yao, and Ainul Akhtar, University of British Columbia ABSTRACT Nitrogen-rich Ti-N inclusions are among

the more difficult inclusions to remove during liquid metal refining of titanium. If present in the final component, they can significantly decrease the mechanical performance of titanium and its alloys in applications involving cyclic loading. Understanding the kinetics of dissolution of Ti-N particles during consolidation/melting of titanium can help us better operate and design the melting processes to minimize their occurrence in Premium Quality Titanium production. A numerical model based on finite difference method has been developed to calculate the dissolution of spherical Ti-N particles in molten titanium. Analytical solutions were used to verify the finite difference code for growth and dissolution of both planar and spherical solids. The analytical solutions examined included the invariant field, the invariant size, and the linearized gradient approximations. Taking into account the limitations in these approaches for the different cases examined, the invariant size approximation appeared best suited for both growth and dissolution of a spherical Ti-N particle and furthermore showed good agreement with the results from the numerical analysis.

10:55 – Paper No.: 9748 Study of Species Macro-Segregation in A356 Wheel Casting D. Maijer and P. Fan, University of British Columbia A. B. Phillion, McMaster University S. L. Cockcroft, C. Reilly, and L. Yao, University of British Columbia ABSTRACT A numerical model has been developed

to study macrosegregation associated with liquid feeding in the Low Pressure Die Casting of A356 aluminum alloy wheels. The model of the wheel casting process has been implemented within the commercial CFD software package, FLUENT, using a User Defined Function (subroutine) to account for Si rejection based on the Scheil approximation. The model has been validated against temperature and microstructural data taken from a commercially cast wheel. The amount of segregation in the wheel has been shown to be significant in a couple of key areas. The implications of accounting for segregation include an improved ability to predict shrinkage porosity, fatigue performance and potentially also hydrogen porosity.

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NICKEL-COBALT 2017 (4TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE) HYDROMETALLURGY OF NICKEL-COBALT ROOM

AM1

AM2

PM1

PM2

Process Development: Laterites I MON PM1 14:00

Process Development: Laterites I MON PM2 15:40

HPAL Operations TUE PM1 14:00

High Pressure Equipment TUE PM2 15:40

Metals Separation and Recovery II WED PM1 14:00

Metals Separation and Recovery II WED PM2 15:40

Monday, August 28

Refinery Operations MON AM2 10:05

Regency B - 3rd floor

Tuesday, August 29

Regency B - 3rd floor

Pyro+Hydrometallurgy of Ni-Co KEYNOTE TUE AM1 8:00

Process Development: Sulfides TUE AM2 10:05 Wednesday, August 30

Regency B - 3rd floor

Metals Separation and Recovery I WED AM1 8:00

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Process Development: Laterites II WED AM2 10:05 Recycling and Tailings Treatment WED AM2 10:05

Monday, August 28 ROOM NUMBER: REGENCY B - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: REFINERY OPERATIONS - MON AM2 10:05 10:05 – Paper No.: 9584 Corefco Refinery – Review of Recent Operational Changes Jim Dennett, Sherritt International Corporation Darren Mayne, James Budac, and Paul Nawrocki, Sherritt Metals ABSTRACT The nickel/cobalt operation in Fort

Saskatchewan, Alberta has successfully used an oxidative ammonia leach to refine a variety of feeds into high quality nickel and cobalt products for over 60 years. Fundamental changes to the refining process were made when the major feed was converted from nickel concentrate to cobalt-rich mixed sulfides in the early 1990s. Since the early 1990s, the production capacity of the refinery has expanded to match increases in both mixed sulfides and other feeds. In addition to increasing the production capacity of the refinery, other changes have been required in order to improve the operability and reliability of the refinery, as well as to deal with increasingly stringent safety and environmental requirements. This paper describes recent changes at the refinery including changes to the

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flow sheet, improvements in unit operations, incorporation of new feeds, management of byproducts, and control of impurities.

10:30 – Paper No.: 9425 Increasing Capacity of Nickel Product at Niihama Nickel Refinery Hideaki Sato, Koji Sakamoto, Takao Ooishi, and Yoshiteru Sato, Niihama Nickel Refinery ABSTRACT The Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd.

(SMM) Niihama Nickel Refinery (NNR) produces nickel and cobalt cathode and other by-products using matte chlorine leach and electro-winning process technology. In 2005, NNR started to use nickel and cobalt mixed sulfide (MS) produced at its Coral Bay Nickel Corporation (CBNC) high pressure acid leach (HPAL) plant in Philippines, although its main and only raw material until then was nickel matte. With start-up of the second HPAL plant at Taganito in 2013, NNR expanded its production capacity of high quality nickel cathode from 41,000 to 65,000 tpa and finally achieved its target in 2015 of producing 65,980 tpa. SMM developed the technologies to improve poor reactivity of MS and introduced new equipment to cope with increased cobalt and sulfur production at that time. This

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paper describes the technical approach to increase MS treatment with high efficiency.

10:55 – Paper No.: 9667 Operation of a Direct Solvent Extraction Circuit at Boleo Kyle Marte, Amec Foster Wheeler Thomas Gamarano, Minera y Metalúrgica del Boleo, S.A. P.I. de C.V. Keith Barnard, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Mineral Resources ABSTRACT The first commercial-scale application of

CSIRO’s direct solvent extraction (DSX) technology has been in operation at the Boleo project in Mexico since early 2016. In this application, DSX is a synergistic solvent extraction system consisting of the extractants LIX63 and Versatic 10 for recovery of cobalt and nickel from a background of manganese, magnesium, and calcium. Key operating parameters such as chemical performance, phase disengagement, extractant stability, and operational practice are summarized and discussed in this paper.

11:20 – Paper No.: 9371 Non-Oxidative Nickel Leach Capacity Review Through Isothermal Modelling of Mineralogical and Chemical Concentration Profiles Edmund Engelbrecht, Anglo American Platinum ABSTRACT A pressure non-oxidative leach is

employed at Anglo American Platinum Base Metal Refiners to extract nickel from a slow cooled matte. The design base requires two 80 cubic metre autoclaves in parallel to achieve a nickel extraction of 60% at the nameplate capacity of 32.4 ktpa nickel plated. Isothermal modelling of mineralogical and chemical concentration profiles, through a reactive mass balance, permitted rate constant parameter estimation and selection of the most probable reaction pathway. The model was validated with plant data up to a capacity of 26 ktpa Ni plated and showed by extrapolation that nameplate capacity is viable through one 80 cubic metre autoclave.

11:45 – Paper No.: 9691 Stress in Full Deposit Electrowon Nickel Karen Voogt, Johann Hendrik W. M. Brits, and Les Bryson, Anglo American Technical Solutions ABSTRACT The Anglo American Platinum’s Rusten-

burg Base Metals Refinery (RBMR) has the world’s first full deposit nickel plating tankhouse. Impurities in the nickel electrolyte can induce stresses in the electrowon nickel deposits that could lead to

delamination of the deposit. Identifying the impurities that contribute to increasing internal stresses in the nickel deposit is key to successful operation and automation of the tankhouse. Impurities were introduced in the plant electrolyte and the effects on the full-scale nickel deposits evaluated. The impurity-adjusted electrolyte solutions were also analyzed using commercially available bench-scale methods to determine the induced stress. A correlation between impurity-induced deposit stress and full-scale delamination was developed. A direct correlation can now be made between feed quality (i.e., impurity concentrations) and degree of delamination in the plant. This methodology has the potential to rapidly predict the effect of new reagents, upstream process upset conditions, and synergistic interactions between impurities on deposit stress and delamination of nickel deposits.

ROOM NUMBER: REGENCY B - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: PROCESS DEVELOPMENT: LATERITES I MON PM1 14:00 14:00 – Paper No.: 9497 Recovery of Hematite from HPAL Residue of Laterite Ore Gisele Azimi, Cheen Aik Ang, and F. Zhang, University of Toronto ABSTRACT Nickel recovery from laterite ores gener-

ates large amounts of solid and liquid wastes. This is primarily due to the low concentration of Ni (approximately 1.4 wt%) in the feed ore to the High Pressure Acid Leaching (HPAL) process. It is known that the HPAL residue contains a high concentration of hematite, a commercially important source of iron in the steelmaking industry. However, the balance is natroalunite, containing sulfur, which is a detrimental element in the steelmaking process. Hence, to make the HPAL residue a suitable feed for steelmaking, natroalunite must be removed. The current work is focused on: 1) a thorough characterization of the HPAL residue obtained from Vale, and 2) a systematic investigation of an alkaline leach process to remove natroalunite. The characterization results indicated that there are approximately 83 and 12 wt% hematite and natroalunite in the HPAL residue, respectively. The leaching results indicate that sodium hydroxide is the best leaching agent, which results in 50% reduction in the sulfur content. The results of this work enable the conversion of an otherwise waste product into a useful feedstock for steelmaking. Furthermore, this project could potentially have significant environmental benefits by reducing the

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amount of residue produced during the HPAL process.

14:25 – Paper No.: 9672 The Starved Acid Leaching Technology (SALT) for Nickel Recovery from Saprolites David Dreisinger and N. Waters, InCoR Technologies Limited ABSTRACT Nickel saprolite ores are normally mined

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as feed to Fe-Ni smelters or Ni matte smelting operations. The smelting processes typically require high Ni cutoff grades of 1.5 to 2.2% Ni, depending on the operation. These very high cutoff grades result in a significant portion of the saprolite profile being regarded as “waste” and hence having little to no value. The Starved Acid Leach Technology (SALT) was developed to recover nickel and cobalt from below cutoff grade nickel saprolites. The process was designed to economically treat materials that are regarded as waste for nickel recovery. The process is atmospheric, uses small amounts of acid, and recovers a mixed hydroxide (or mixed sulfide) intermediate for further processing. The mixed hydroxide may be added directly to a saprolite smelting operation or refined separately. The technical and economic basis for SALT is presented. SALT has a low unit capital and operating cost and is expected to ramp up quickly to full production due to the simplicity of the unit operations.

14:50 – Paper No.: 9423 A Process Flowsheet for the Extraction of Scandium from NioCorp’s Niobium / Scandium Elk Creek Deposit Niels Verbaan and Ernesto Bourricaudy, SGS Canada Inc. Tassos Grammatikopoulos, SGS Minerals Services Mike Johnson, SGS Canada Inc. Eric Larochelle, SMH Process Innovation Scott Honan, Kelton Smith, and Rick Sixberry, NioCorp ABSTRACT NioCorp is developing the niobium / scan-

dium / titanium Elk Creek carbonatite resource deposit. The carbonatite phase hosts significant niobium (0.71% Nb2O5), titanium (2.68% TiO2) and scandium (72 g/t) and is composed predominantly of calcite, dolomite, and ankerite. Niobium is mostly (80%) contained in the pyrochlore mineral, with the balance contained in various Fe-Nb-Ti minerals, which also host most of the titanium. Scandium appears to be distributed homogeneously throughout the ore mineral assemblage. The process flowsheet recovers separate niobium, titanium and scandium products. Scandium is extracted from whole ore hydrochloric acid leach

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solutions through solvent extraction and further refined through a releach and precipitation process. Scandium leach residues are treated with sulfuric acid to recover separate niobium and titanium precipitates. Both hydrochloric and sulfuric acid reagents are recycled within the flowsheet. This paper will discuss key bench and pilot test results (focusing on the scandium flowsheet) and will present a conceptual flowsheet as developed by the project team for NioCorp at SGS Minerals.

ROOM NUMBER: REGENCY B - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: PROCESS DEVELOPMENT: LATERITES I MON PM2 15:40 15:40 – Paper No.: 9694 New Hydrometallurgical Process for Nickel Extraction from Limonite Ore Gilsoo Han, Jaeyoung Lee, Sungkoo Jo, Changkyu Lee, Jin Gyun Park, ByongPil Lee, and Hyung Sub Eom, Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology ABSTRACT A new hydrometallurgical process for

nickel extraction from a low grade laterite ore such as limonite has been developed by RIST and POSCO. This POSCO Nickel Extraction Process (PosNEP) consists of five main processes: ore reduction using hydrogen as a reductant; acid leaching at atmospheric pressure and temperature; cementation by the use of reduced-ore seed; production of the main product such as ferronickel or a high purity nickel compound; and production of byproducts such as cobalt and iron in the forms of cobalt sulfate and iron oxide. In addition, hydrogen produced in acid leaching and hydrochloric acid regenerated in pyrohydrolysis for iron oxide production can be reused in the process, which makes PosNEP more cost- effective. The performance of PosNEP has been proven through pilot tests, showing that this process is economically and technically viable. In this paper, basic concepts and detailed test results of PosNEP are shown.

16:05 – Paper No.: 9752 New Nickel Value Chain from Laterite to Stainless Steel – Outotec Ferrochromenickel Process Kaarlo Haavanlammi and L. Narhi, Outotec (Finland) Oy ABSTRACT Approximately two thirds of annual nickel

production is used as a raw material in the making of stainless steel, and about 60% of these nickel products are in the form of metallic nickel such as nickel cathode or briquettes. In the stainless steel

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16:30 – Paper No.: 9526 Developments in the Hydrometallurgical Processing of Nickel Laterites Dave Robinson, Robbie McDonald, and Wensheng Zhang, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Fiona McCarthy, Direct Nickel ABSTRACT The processing of nickel laterites has

been a topic of major interest at CSIRO for almost twenty years. During this period, CSIRO has collaborated with other researchers and industry in developing a better understanding of existing processes and has been actively involved in testing/developing new beneficiation and process options for these ores. The current paper summarizes the results of selected studies and highlights improvements that have been achieved. Significant topics to be discussed include enhancements in the mineralogical characterization and attempts at beneficiation, improvements in the understanding and application of leaching technologies (both heap leaching and HPAL), the development of synergistic solvent extraction) for the recovery of nickel/cobalt from nickel laterite leach liquors, and the collaborative development of the Direct Nickel process. Future opportunities and key research questions will be examined.

Tuesday, August 29 ROOM NUMBER: REGENCY B - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: PYRO+HYDROMETALLURGY OF NI-CO KEYNOTE TUE AM1 8:00 8:00 – Paper No.: 9738 KEYNOTE: The Potential of Polymetallic Sea Nodules to Supply Environmentally and Societally Attractive Metals Anthony O’Sullivan and Keith Calder, DeepGreen Resources ABSTRACT Polymetallic nodules were discovered at

the end of the 19th Century in the Kara Sea, in the Arctic Ocean off Siberia. During the scientific expeditions of the H.M.S. Challenger (1872–1876), they were found to occur in most oceans of the world. Interest in the potential exploitation of polymetallic nodules generated a great deal of interest and activity among prospective mining consortia in the 1960s and 1970s. Significant investments in identifying potential deposits and in research and development of technology for harvesting and processing nodules were made. The technology and experience developed during this time were never commercialized because there was no legal framework in place to secure tenure of the resource. The International Seabed Authority was established in 1994 under the authority of the United Nations to manage the legal framework for the harvesting of polymetallic nodules. The developing regulatory framework and the high-grade mineralization of polymetallic nodules has led to renewed interest and efforts to commercialize polymetallic nodule harvesting and processing. Located at a depth of 4 to 5 km on the deep sea abyssal plains, polymetallic nodules contain nickel, manganese, copper, cobalt and other base and strategic metals. These highgrade nodules rest in the sediments of the ocean floor so harvesting does not require any overburden removal or drilling and blasting like other land based or seafloor mining activities. DeepGreen Resources Inc. (DeepGreen) is a private Canadian deepsea minerals company that is pursuing the commercial harvesting of high grade polymetallic nodules in the Pacific Ocean. DeepGreen views the seafloor minerals industry as an environmentally and societally more attractive way to produce base and strategic metals compared to land-based mining operations and is targeting a process with no waste or tailings and no disruption to local communities. DeepGreen intends to be the first polymetallic nodule mineral project that moves into

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production process nickel is blended with iron- and chrome-based raw materials, and metallic nickel is typically only required for final steel fine-tuning. Outotec offers a new technology to enhance the nickel value chain for stainless steel producers. This involves the use of an HPAL-based intermediate nickel product (e.g. MHP or NiO) as raw material in the Outotec FeCr process, for the production of a FeCrNi Master Alloy. The new process offers multiple benefits compared to existing technologies such as: a higher tolerance for impurities in the HPAL intermediate product, avoiding the need for further nickel refining, and the improved recovery of all metals in the FeCr process. The complete new FeCrNi value chain is based on proven technologies such as HPAL and the Outotec FeCr process. This new innovative and promising value chain offers improved efficiencies for the HPAL based nickel production process combined with excellent sustainability aspects.

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commercial production. This presentation will discuss the history of polymetallic nodules, the compelling environmental, societal and commercial case for harvesting nodules and present a vision of the future for this exciting new mining and metallurgy industry.

8:50 – Paper No.: 9767 KEYNOTE: Crystallization and Precipitation in Extractive Metallurgy Alison Lewis, University of Cape Town ABSTRACT Reactive crystallization of sparingly solu-

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ble salts is used extensively in extractive metallurgy and is also important in many natural environments. Precipitation as a purification and separation process offers many advantages, including ease of processing and high product yields but has the disadvantage of forming products with undesirable properties, such as small particle sizes. This usually causes difficulties in separation and downstream processing. These particle properties are a function of the particle structure, morphology and particle size distribution, and can be influenced by manipulating the conditions of the precipitation reaction. The link between the processing conditions and the product properties can be obtained by understanding as well as measurement of the kinetic processes that occur during precipitation. This presentation will highlight how the combination of an industrial problem with an emphasis on depth and quality of scientific investigation can be a successful approach in unlocking technical issues. Therefore, although the research questions arise from industrial problems, the approach is rooted in developing an understanding of the underlying mechanisms.

ROOM NUMBER: REGENCY B - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: PROCESS DEVELOPMENT: SULFIDES TUE AM2 10:05 10:05 – Paper No.: 9527 Fundamental Studies of Sulfides Pressure Oxidation Dave Robinson, Robbie McDonald, and Jian Li, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) ABSTRACT The pressure oxidation of sulfide miner-

als at temperatures above 200°C enables the extraction of base metals, improves the extractability of gold from refractory ores, enables solubilization of PGEs, and can be used to hydrothermally upgrade base metal containing

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Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

feeds. Fundamental studies reveal that the chemistry (and mineralogy) in such systems can be controlled with a view to optimizing various outcomes that include; (1) increased leaching rates and value metal deportment to solution, (2) lower oxygen requirements, and (3) the formation of chemically more stable residues. This paper presents examples describing how these outcomes can be achieved and the fundamental investigations they are based upon.

10:30 – Paper No.: 9363 Regeneration of Ammonia and Hydrochloric Acid in the Outotec Nickel Chloride Leaching Process Kaarlo Haavanlammi, Kari Valkama, Tuukka Kotiranta, and Petri Kobylin, Outotec (Finland) Oy ABSTRACT Base metals and precious metals can be

recovered from a nickel matte or nickel concentrate using the Outotec nickel chloride leaching process. The raw material is leached with hydrochloric acid and the metals are recovered by solvent extraction, where ammonia is used to control the pH. Ammonium chloride is regenerated to ammonia and the byroduct of this step is a calcium chloride solution. The regeneration uses either calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide. The calcium chloride solution is used to convert sulfuric acid into a hydrochloric acid solution, while producing pure gypsum as a byproduct. The regeneration and reuse of ammonia and hydrochloric acid in this process will have a positive impact from the point of view of both operating costs and environmental sustainability. This paper concentrates on the test work and technical concept development performed by Outotec to implement and develop chemical regeneration and recycling into a vital part of the nickel chloride leaching process.

10:55 – Paper No.: 9372 Nickel, Copper, and Total Precious Metal Recovery from Twin Metals Minnesota Concentrates Using the CESL Process Tannice McCoy and Keith Mayhew, Teck Resources Limited Glenn Barr and Charles Knilans, Twin Metals Minnesota LLC ABSTRACT Teck Resources Limited (“Teck”) has devel-

oped and extensively tested the CESL hydrometallurgical process for treating bulk copper and nickel sulfide concentrates. In 2012 and 2013, bench and pilot scale testwork was performed on bulk concentrates from the Twin Metals Minnesota (TMM) Maturi project, located in the Duluth District

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11:20 – Paper No.: 9379 A New Method for the Precipitation of Nickel and Cobalt Paul Voigt and Mike Hourn, Glencore Technology ABSTRACT As mine head grades decline and orebod-

ies become more complex, traditional mineral processing techniques and flowsheets to achieve saleable concentrate from these ores becomes more difficult. Mines with lower quality concentrates or concentrates with penalty elements are at particular threat. The economics of these operations are far more susceptible to metal price and the availability of other, cleaner concentrates. Additional value may be realized through improved recovery by the inclusion of low-grade middling concentrates at the expense of lowering the overall concentrate grade. The most cost effective way to reduce impurity levels is to do so as early as possible in the mining value chain. Established technologies such as fine grinding and fine particle flotation are well established as effective methods in mineral processing unit operations. What is normally overlooked is how a hydrometallurgical process could also be integrated to achieve higher concentrate upgrade at the mill. In the base metals environment, this is mainly because hydrometallurgical processes are associated with production of metal or use of expensive and toxic precipitating agents once the minerals of interest are solubilized. These “back-end” processes can be very expensive, particularly with power constraints and the high capital cost associated with low metal tonnes. In response to this, Glencore Technology has developed an alternative method for recovering economic minerals once leached into solution, rather than relying on conventional flowsheet options. The method involves the precipitation of base metals in the sulfate system from solution

with limestone or lime. The final grade of the precipitate is not usually high enough to attract favourable terms of sale due to dilution from gypsum and sulfate salts. A set of operating conditions has been developed to allow the separation of the base metal precipitate from gypsum by exploiting the difference in particle size, producing a highgrade concentrate at low cost. This process was originally developed by Glencore for the application of zinc and copper systems. This paper reports on the successful application to nickel and cobalt, which had significant advantages over the incumbent precipitation process utilizing magnesia.

11:45 – Paper No.: 9574 Novel Reagents for Iron and Sulfur Control in MediumTemperature Leaching of Sulfide Concentrates Baseer Abdul and Edouard Asselin, University of British Columbia ABSTRACT Hydrometallurgical leaching of sulfide

concentrates of copper and nickel at medium temperature (150°C) produces residues that contain sulfur- and iron-bearing minerals and phases. During leaching and depending on various process parameters, iron may be precipitated as hematite, goethite, jarosite, or other oxyhydroxides, which may be more or less crystalline. Hematite is the favored precipitate because it is the most environmentally stable and does not ad/absord as much copper, nickel or other solution constituents during precipitation. However the low solubility of iron during the medium-temperature processing of sulfide ores can favour the formation of poorly crystalline, nano-scale iron oxide/oxyhydroxide phases. In some cases, these phases have been positively identified as metastable ferrihydrite, which transforms into iron oxides such as goethite, hematite, and magnetite over time. A better understanding of what may help drive this transformation during the course of leaching would ultimately result in lower valuable metal losses and more stable leach residues. Conditions that favour the formation of hematite during concentrate leaching, rather than other metastable phases, are presented in this paper. Furthermore, during the course of our research, we discovered novel reagent(s) that affect iron precipitation and sulfur chemistry, leading to very different process outcomes such as improved extractions and larger, more easily separated, sulfur particles.

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of north-eastern Minnesota. TMM is a whollyowned subsidiary of Antofagasta plc, and has been working on developing the Maturi project since 2010. The testwork program successfully demonstrated that copper, nickel, and cobalt are leached efficiently into solution and can be recovered by conventional means to standard market products. In addition, Teck developed a simple flow sheet to recover total precious metals including gold, silver, platinum, and palladium from the residue stream via sulfur flotation. Following the testwork program, engineering studies were completed to compare traditional concentrate sales with possible concentrate treatment scenarios.

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ROOM NUMBER: REGENCY B - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: HPAL OPERATIONS - TUE PM1 14:00 14:00 – Paper No.: 9356 THPAL Plant Operation Progress and Improvement of Zinc Removal System Takashi Miyamoto, Toru Amano, Keisuike Shibayama, and Munekazu Kawata, Taganito HPAL Nickel Corporation ABSTRACT The high pressure acid leach (HPAL) plant

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of Taganito HPAL Nickel Corporation (THPAL), located in Taganito, Philippines, with a nameplate capacity of 30,000 Ni-t/year started commercial operation on October, 2013. The plant load was smoothly ramped up and achieved monthly production equivalent to 33,000 Ni- t/year in 2016. Partial improvement of the plant capacity for the achievement of 36,000 Ni-t/year, as evaluated from the current operation progress of each system, is planned for 2017. This paper presents and discusses the progress of plant ramp-up, research, and development activities such as the reduction of nickel loss and the improvement of filtration capacity achieved by particle size control of ZnS precipitates in the zinc removal system.

14:25 – Paper No.: 9496 Optimization of Acid Addition in High Pressure Acid Leaching at Ambatovy Michael Collins, Preston Holloway, and Rod Holmwood, Sherritt International Corporation Murray Faris, Ambatovy ABSTRACT Sulfuric acid addition is a major driver of

the economics in the processing of nickel laterite ores by high pressure acid leaching (HPAL). To enable optimization of the acid addition at Ambatovy, operating data from the HPAL operation were obtained using OSISoft’s PI system and the data from several periods were examined to develop relationships between acid addition and nickel extraction. The initial relationships from 2014 focused on the acid required to achieve a target nickel extraction of 95%, with aluminum and magnesium in ore and feed slurry solids content as the major variables. As Ambatovy ramped up through 2015 and 2016, the calculated acid requirement was further refined to address the effects of HPAL temperature and retention time, and the oxidizing/reducing characteristics of the ore, and to generate acid requirement relationships as a function of ranges of nickel extraction. These relationships supported raising the target nickel

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extraction to 96% and enabled the development of an economic model between acid addition and nickel extraction.

14:50 – Paper No.: 9498 Successfully Adapting to Continuing Challenges at the Moa Joint Venture Robert Ellenwood and Mike Chalkley, Sherritt International Corporation Scott McPherson and Wilkis Nicot, Moa Nickel S.A. ABSTRACT The Moa JV was formed in December 1994

as a 50/50 joint venture between Sherritt International Corporation and General Nickel Company S.A. of Cuba. The joint venture consists of the mine and processing plant in Moa, Cuba and the Corefco refinery in Fort Saskatchewan, Alberta, Canada. Throughout its now nearly 22-year history, the Moa JV has faced a number of global and operational/process challenges. Global challenges have included high input costs such as for fuel oil and sulfur, as well as low nickel prices. Operational/ process challenges have included increasing ore haulage distances, decreasing ore Ni + Co grades, and increasing ore impurity contents. For example, increases in impurities such as Mg and SiO2 in the ore result in decreasing solids content of preheated leach feed slurry and increasing acid demand in leaching. As described in this paper, limited expansion of plant equipment along with continuous process and operational improvements have been required to obtain the overall production improvements necessary to address these challenges.

ROOM NUMBER: REGENCY B - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: HIGH PRESSURE EQUIPMENT - TUE PM2 15:40 15:40 – Paper No.: 9364 Design of Pressure Hydrometallurgy Pilot Plants for the Nickel Industry Paul Martin, Zeton Inc. ABSTRACT Pilot plants for pressure hydrometallurgy

represent special design and project execution challenges. Over the past 20 years, Zeton has designed and fabricated a variety of world-class pressure hydrometallurgical pilot-plant facilities for the nickel industry, and this paper discusses design considerations and strategies related to such projects. Project execution methods are also discussed, and guidance is given for the selection of materials of construction and for the selection of appropriate pressure and temperature design points for pressure hydrometallurgical pilot equipment. The

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Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

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16:05 – Paper No.: 9391 Autoclave Gas Vent Flow Modeling that Illustrates the Effects of Water Injection Robert Mock, Caldera Engineering Ian Farr, Ian Farr Consulting J. C. Robison, Caldera Engineering ABSTRACT HPAL and HPOX autoclave vapor-space

gasses are vented through an autoclave pressure control valve. The downstream steam-borne mist of liquid droplets and solid particles travels in excess of 1000 m/s with megawatts of kinetic power at temperatures up to 160°C. Misconceptions of downstream flow states and characteristics potentially result in problems with corrosion, erosion, noise, and vibration. Other misconceptions can complicate pressure control, overpressure control, and autoclave level control. We introduce compressible multiphase flow concepts and constructs germane to such flow, including choked flow, continuous phase change, shock waves, and supersonic flow plumes. Flow modeling based on first principles quantitatively predicts such flows, providing a tool for component sizing and a method to estimate effects of water injection on flow. Insight deduced from modeling aids in mitigation of the aforementioned problems, of which we share some from-site examples.

Wednesday, August 30

ROOM NUMBER: REGENCY B - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: METALS SEPARATION AND RECOVERY I WED AM1 8:00 8:00 – Paper No.: 9353 Nickel and Copper Adsorption from Acidic Sulfate Medium by Ion Exchange Mónica Jiménez Correa and Paula Aliprandini, University of São Paulo; Flávia Silvas, Vale Institute of Technology (ITV) Jorge Alberto Soares Tenório, University of São Paulo David Dreisinger, University of British Columbia Denise Crocce Romano Espinosa, University of São Paulo ABSTRACT Nickel ores are divided into two types: sul-

fide deposits and lateritic deposits. About 60% of nickel resources are found in laterite ore, while the remaining 40% is contained in sulfide ore. Laterite

ore is usually processed via pyrometallurgical means or through hydrometallurgical techniques that include acid leaching and metal value recovery from solution. In this study, copper and nickel adsorption by Dowex M4195 ion exchange resin from an acidic sulfate liquor was investigated. The acidic sulfate liquor was collected from atmospheric leaching (AL) of laterite ore. Ion exchange experiments were conducted in a batch system by varying parameters such as pH, time, metal concentration and temperature. Initially, mono- elemental synthetic solutions of nickel and copper were used in the experiments and then a synthetic solution simulating AL liquor was tested. Test results showed that the resin exhibited high selectivity towards copper and nickel, however, a high concentration of iron in the synthetic AL solution interfered with the recovery of nickel and cobalt by the resin.

8:25 – Paper No.: 9575 The Effect of Extractant Mixture during Solvent Extraction of Cobalt from a Synthetic Nickel Laterite Leach Solution Paula Aliprandini, Denise Crocce Romano Espinosa, Mónica Jiménez, Jorge Alberto Soares Tenório, University of São Paulo ABSTRACT Nickel and cobalt are the main value met-

als in nickel laterite ore. CYANEX® 272 is an extractant used to separate nickel from cobalt present in leach solutions. Previous studies demonstrated the extraction of cobalt, magnesium and manganese at pH 5 using CYANEX® 272 as extractant, while nickel remained in aqueous solution. However, it is difficult to separate cobalt from a solution containing magnesium and manganese. One possibility to change the metals’ behavior during the solvent extraction process is to change the mixture of extractants used. In order to study the solvent extraction of cobalt from a solution containing manganese, magnesium and nickel, a mixture of two extractants was investigated. CYANEX® 272 (CY) and Versatic 10 (VC) were selected as extractants in the organic phase. The extractant concentrations used were: 20% CY; 15% CY, 5% VC; 10% CY, 10% VC; 5% CY, 15% VC; and 20% VC. In all cases, kerosene was used as a diluent, at 80 vol%. The synthetic leach solution used in this study was prepared according to the composition of a typical nickel laterite leach solution. The pH value of the solution used was 5, and the aqueous/organic ratio used in solvent extraction testwork was 1/1. The study has shown that the composition of the organic extractant mixture did not increase cobalt separation.

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paper concludes with a discussion of the need for process similarity with future commercial operations and the realities of pilot-scale equipment.

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8:50 – Paper No.: 9389 Effect of Polymer Additives on Nickel Reduction by Hydrogen Shinichi Heguri, Yoshitomo Ozaki, Masaki Imamura, and Atsushi Idegami, Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. ABSTRACT Nickel powder can be produced by the

reduction of a nickel ammine complex solution by hydrogen at high temperature and pressure. In order to minimize the deposition of fine nickel on the surface of the reactor and other equipment, seed crystals are added to the initial solution to help nucleate the nickel powder. Such seed crystals catalyze the precipitation of the nickel particles on the surface of the seed and enhance grain growth. In this study, it was observed that nickel nuclei were precipitated by the addition of the polymer to the nickel ammine complex solution, resulting in the production of nickel powder. Here we propose a model that explains the effect of the polymer in precipitating the nickel nuclei.

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9:15 – Paper No.: 9390 Advances in Modeling CYANEX® 272 Solvent Extraction Circuits and the Application to Circuit Design Laurent Cohen, William Szolga, Michael Moser, and Matthew Soderstrom, Solvay S.A. ABSTRACT CYANEX® 272 is a phosphinic acid-based

solvent extraction reagent used commercially since the early 1980s to recover and purify cobalt from sulfate solutions. Historically, the design of CYANEX® 272 circuits has involved the selection of an optimal pH profile during pilot-scale testing using mixbox pH control. The desired pH profile is required to be carefully controlled in the same manner during commercial operation. To assist operators in the design and optimization of their circuits, Solvay developed CYANEX® 272-specific solvent extraction modeling software, which has enabled determination of the ideal pH profile and staging configuration. Solvay’s recent advances in modeling capabilities have allowed the simulation of circuits without direct mixbox pH control. Modeling has indicated that circuits operated without direct pH control can achieve the desired metal separation while simplifying the commercial operation significantly. This paper reviews a number of potential circuit configurations for the use of CYANEX® 272 and demonstrates the separations achievable under the right design and operational conditions, some of which have historically been considered too difficult.

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ROOM NUMBER: REGENCY B - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: PROCESS DEVELOPMENT: LATERITES II WED AM2 10:05 10:05 – Paper No.: 9732 Investigation of Caustic Calcined Magnesium Oxide Produced from Seawater for Hydrometallurgical Applications in Cobalt and Nickel Extraction Processes Anthony McEneaney, Premier Periclase Ltd. (RHI AG) Erich Feichtenhofer and C. Piribauer, RHI AG ABSTRACT As part of a major diversification project,

RHI AG, through its plant in Drogheda Ireland, has developed a caustic calcined magnesium oxide for use in cobalt and nickel hydrometallurgical extraction industry. In the course of the project, the company investigated the chemical and physical properties of a number of different magnesias used in cobalt and nickel hydrometallurgy applications and has been able to determine the important parameters for a successful Magnesia for this application. A number of live plant trials have confirmed the results of this testwork and the company is now proceeding to produce this product in commercial quantities at Premier Periclase Ltd., the RHI AG plant in Drogheda, Ireland. This paper will outline the development work conducted by the company and highlight the important chemical and physical properties that make a successful caustic calcined magnesia. Much of the research was conducted at the RHI Technology Centre in Leoben, Austria. In addition, a number of external laboratory studies were conducted on behalf of RHI AG. The results of this work allowed the company to develop a Magnesia product with optimised properties for use in the cobalt and nickel hydrometallurgical extraction process.

10:30 – Paper No.: 9472 Leaching Behaviour of a Colombian Nickel Laterite in Aqueous Alkaline Glycine Solutions Adriana Garces, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Gretchen T. Lapidus, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Oscar Jaime Restrepo, Universidad Nacional de Colombia ABSTRACT Colombian nickel laterites have been

processed historically by pyrometallurgy. However, due the depletion in ore grades, alternative processes are required. Hydrometallurgical processes such as pressure acid leaching have been proposed as alternatives to extract nickel under the current deposits conditions. Such a leaching process requires high concentrations of

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Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

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10:55 – Paper No.: 9670 Leaching Characteristics of a Low-Grade Nickel-Bearing Ore Upgraded on the Falcon Concentrator Catherine Kentse Thubakgale, Vaal University of Technology Richard K. K. Mbaya and Mxolisi Brendon Shongwe, Tshwane University of Technology Peter Mendonidis, Vaal University of Technology ABSTRACT A low-grade nickel-bearing ore was pre-

concentrated on a SB40 laboratory model Falcon Concentrator. Three size fractions, –212+125, –125+75 and –75 µm were tested with the intent to upgrade the nickel content by reducing their content of fine silica, which becomes amorphous during leaching. Separation of silica from nickelbearing magnesium silicate minerals; hornblende, clinochlore and talc, was more efficient in the finer particle sizes, –125+75 and –75 µm, and at high Gforces. For these two size fractions, nickel was upgraded from 0.06 to 0.07%, with a reduction in silica content from 52.12 to 50.71%. Leaching of feed samples prior to pre- concentration resulted in the formation of amorphous silica, indicative of the presence of fine silica in the samples. Leaching of nickel from the –125+75 µm fraction increased with increasing G-force and feed pulp percent solids, while that of –75 µm was not influenced. The optimum nickel recovery was 15.68% to the Falcon underflow, using the feed size fraction of –75 µm, 30 G and a feed pulp solids content of 10% solids after 120 minutes of treatment.

11:20 – Paper No.: 9741 Dissolution Behaviour of Karaçam Lateritic Nickel Ore in H2SO4 and HCl Media Elif Uzun, Marmara University ABSTRACT In this study; H2SO4 and HCl leaching

behaviour of the ore sample containing 1.87% Ni obtained from Karaçam (Eskisehir-Turkey) lateritic deposit that started operation recently was investigated. Acid concentration, temperature and reaction time were investigated as variables by comparison leaching tests and the optimum leaching conditions were determined by Ni, Fe, Co and Mg analyses. In the H2SO4 leaching experiments 95°C, 12N H2SO4 concentration and 90 minutes of reaction time were determined as optimum values and under these conditions Ni and Fe were solubilizied by 97.65% and 95.39%, respectively. On the other hand, 70°C, 8N HCl concentration and a reaction time of 90 minutes were found to be the optimum parameters in the tests repeated for HCl leaching and Ni and Fe contents in the solution phase were found as 97.09% and 97.84%, respectively. Bulk (pH 10) and selective (pH 10 and pH 5.5) precipitation tests were performed on the pregnant H2SO4 and HCl leach solutions obtained at optimum leaching conditions for the recovery of Ni from solution. Ni and Fe precipitation recoveries from H2SO4 and HCl leach solutions were comparable but the Ni contents of the precipitates were found to differ as 2.22% and 2.94%. Although the grade of 2.94% Ni obtained for the precipitate from the HCl leach solution was higher, due to its high Fe content (35.43%), it was of high grade ore quality. In the selective precipitation tests, after removal of Fe at pH 10, nickel was precipitated at pH: 5.5 and the Ni grades of the precipitates obtained from H2SO4 and HCl leach solutions, were determined as 11.32% and 13.43%, respectively. Considering the better results obtained especially in the recovery from solution, a general flowsheet was proposed for HCl leaching.

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acid to achieve acceptable extraction rates and it is not selective. In this study, an alternative aqueous alkaline glycine system has been employed to evaluate the leaching behaviour of a Colombian nickel laterite, which contains 1.15% Ni, 0.12% Co and 41.1% Fe. Additionally, the effect of the addition of chloride ions, the use of a reducing agent and the application of a pretreatment step to improve the extraction of nickel were evaluated. Extractions of 4.63% Ni, 42.16% Co and 0.33% Fe were obtained using a 1M solution of glycine at pH 9. In addition, an increase in nickel extraction from 4.63% to 25.7% was achieved by applying a pretreatment to the sample. The results show that even though the nickel dissolution was much slower than in acid leaching, it was selective over other metals such as iron, proving to have great potential as a process for the extraction of nickel from Colombian laterites.

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

ROOM NUMBER: PRINCE OF WALES - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: RECYCLING AND TAILINGS TREATMENT WED AM2 10:05 10:05 – Paper No.: 9406 Recovery of Nickel-Containing Coatings with HydroBiotechnological Methods Jens Markowski, Brandenburg University of Technology Harry Pempel, ERLOS GmbH Peter Ay, Brandenburg University of Technology ABSTRACT Metal-coated thermoplastic parts find

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more and more functional and aesthetic applications in the interior and exterior of cars. The vapor-deposited or electroplated coatings are usually composed of a plurality of nickel- and chromium-containing layers, which are applied to copper-containing carrier layers on the polymers. Previously, recycling processes mainly focused on the recovery or thermal utilization of the plastics. Targeted and selective recycling of the metallic coatings was not usually carried out. Together with several SME researchers, Brandenburg University of Technology developed a process in which a complete and separate recovery of all components in high purity is possible with biotechnological methods. The bioleaching is carried out with iron- and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, especially Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. The copper-containing layers are dissolved in the solution and chromium- and nickel-containing particles are precipitated as solids. After the bioleaching, mechanical separation of the individual metal-containing components and their separate workup is carried out. End-products are metallic copper, a nickel- and chromium-containing solid, and the cleaned plastics. The bioleaching ensures a high purity of the end products. Through the use of bacteria, which are also found in nature, the process is environmentally friendly. Compared to chemical leaching using inorganic acids, considerably shorter leaching times can be achieved.

10:30 – Paper No.: 9382 Recycling of Nickel, Copper, Cobalt, and Vanadium Clemens Kuhnert, Nickelhutte Aue GmbH ABSTRACT Nickelhütte Aue GmbH is specialized in

the recycling of waste materials containing non-ferrous metals. We treat nickel, copper, cobalt, vanadium, molybdenum, and precious metal containing materials like spent catalysts, ashes, dusts, grindings, liquids, slurries, and sludges, as long as

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they contain one or a combination of the abovementioned metals. In our pyrometallurgical works, we produce non-ferrous metal concentrates suitable for further treatment in our hydrometallurgical plant where we refine Ni-, Cu-, Co- and V-chemicals. Our production is based on the synergistic effects of combining pyro- and hydrometallurgy. As an example, we can mention our heat recovery system and internal recycling of by-products. By using alternative fuels instead of primary energy, we additionally contribute to our economic and environmentally friendly method of treatment.

10:55 – Paper No.: 9533 Leaching Characteristics of Nickeliferous Pyrrhotite Tailings from the Sudbury, Ontario Area Srinath Garg Govindarajan, Kurtis Judd, Radhakrishnan Mahadevan, Elizabeth Edwards, and Vladimiros Papangelakis, University of Toronto ABSTRACT The present study investigated the chem-

ical leaching characteristics of nickeliferous upgraded pyrrhotite (Po) tailings (1 wt% Ni) produced by Vale and Glencore in the Sudbury Basin of Ontario, with the ultimate aim of maximizing Ni and elemental sulfur recoveries. Mineralogical characterization of the tailings showed the deportment of Ni to be similar in the Vale and Glencore tailings, with 60% of the total Ni locked in Po, and the balance 40% associated with pentlandite (Pn). The overall Ni dissolution was correlated with the individual terminal dissolution extent of Po and Pn as functions of four leaching regimes: “anoxic acid” (with and without pH control), “oxic acid” (oxygen sparging), “oxic acid” (air sparging), and “oxic ferric” (air sparging). The results showed that the maximum Ni dissolution (94%) was obtained during the pH controlled oxic acid leach with oxygen sparging at pH 1.5, while the anoxic acid leach at pH 1.5 resulted in minimum Ni dissolution (10–15%) from Po. An overall Ni mass balance showed that Po and Pn dissolve simultaneously in the presence of Fe(III) and oxygen, in contrast to the preferential dissolution of Po in the absence of Fe(III). Sulfur mass balances revealed that the yield of elemental sulfur is maximized (65%) during the oxic Fe(III) leach at pH 0.6. The kinetics of Ni leaching and elemental sulfur formation from Po tailings leached with ferric sulfate at 55–80ºC was investigated at constant oxidation-reduction potential. Elemental sulfur yield increased with increasing temperature, but no observable trend could be linked to ferric or ferrous ion concentration.

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Rory Cameron, Rolando Lastra, Yves Thibault, and Lucie Morin, CanmetMINING, Natural Resources Canada Douglas Gould, Independent Consultant ABSTRACT There are an estimated 50 to 100 million

dry metric tonnes of recoverable low-grade nickeliferous pyrrhotite tailings in the Sudbury area alone with an average nickel grade ~0.8%, representing approximately $130–150/ton in contained value. Pyrrhotite is a highly reactive sulfide mineral that has the potential to generate acidity; consequently, it is stored in large tailings ponds that require perpetual treatment to avoid the production of acidic drainage. Re-processing this material using bioleaching technologies has the potential to recover valuable metals from this waste, while reducing the toxicity, reactivity, and acid generating potential of the remaining residues. CanmetMINING is currently developing a stirred-tank bioleaching process to recover nickel and cobalt from pyrrhotite flotation concentrates. Stirred-tank experiments have been conducted with one sample over a range of pH and temperature conditions, resulting in 80–90% and 70–80% leaching of nickel and cobalt, respectively, in 10 days.

11:45 – Paper No.: 9482 Waste Management and Energy Savings Through Extraction of Valuable Metals: Copper, Nickel, and Cobalt from SulphidicTailings of GolGohar Iron Mine, Iran Masoud Askari, Golgohar Mining and Industrial Co. A. Ahmadi, Isfahan University of Technology ABSTRACT This study was conducted to establish the

possible application of bioleaching at laboratory and pilot scales to recover valuable metals from the wet sulfidic tailings of Golgohar Iron Mine (Kerman, Iran). Using bioleaching processes, solvent extraction, and sequestration, sulfide hydrometallurgical recovery of copper, nickel, and cobalt was investigated. Results showed that at optimum pH and temperature conditions and relative to the metal sulfide 0.7, more than 99% of these metals could be recovered from aqueous solution. The extraction of these metals with special properties was conducted for the first time in the world. Due to its successful implementation, for the development of technical knowledge made metal recovery of low grade polymetal resources with complex mineralogy very important in the world. Moreover, results showed that by identifying valuable elements can

be energy saving and, were wet tailing management and as well as the added value created from waste materials.

ROOM NUMBER: REGENCY B - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: METALS SEPARATION AND RECOVERY II WED PM1 14:00 14:00 – Paper No.: 9480 Prediction of Morphology Development from Nucleation and Plating Overpotentials in Nickel Electrodeposition Liezl Schoeman and Kathryn Sole, University of Pretoria ABSTRACT Evaluation and measurement of the influ-

ence of changes in conditions and electrolyte composition during early stages of a growing metal electrodeposit are crucial to predict changes in developing morphology. A galvanodynamic polarization technique was developed to reliably measure overpotentials for nickel electrodeposition from sulfate electrolyte. The validity of these polarization parameters as indicators of the relationships between changes in the electrolyte and resulting deposit morphology was evaluated for electrolytes of varying composition. Findings indicate that nucleation and plating overpotentials measured by the described technique can be used as indicative tools for monitoring, evaluating and ultimately improving control of the electrodeposition of nickel from sulfate electrolytes. The results predict that nickel deposits of desirable quality and morphology are obtained when plating overpotentials are higher than 700 mV vs. Ag/AgCl and nucleation overpotential is less negative than plating overpotential.

14:25 – Paper No.: 9680 Separation of Zinc from Nickel Sulfate Solution with Solvent Extraction Method: Nickelboussingaultite Crystallization in the Raffinate by Ammonia Maryam Rasouli and Davood Moradkhani, Research and Engineering Company for Non-ferrous Metals (ReCo.) ABSTRACT In our previous study, Zn and Cd in cold fil-

ter cake (CFC, 45–55% Zn, 11–16% Cd, and 2.5–4% Ni) were extracted by alkaline leaching followed by electrowinning processes. The output of electrowinning process was pregnant liquor solution (PLS) containing 16.8 g/L Ni and 4.2 g/L Zn. In this paper, the PLS was subjected to the solvent extraction process to separate Zn impurity from Ni. The effluent was concentrated Ni solution (16.6 g/L) ready for the pure nickel metal production. The effects of

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11:20 – Paper No.: 9704 Stirred-Tank Bioleaching of a Pyrrhotite-Rich Tailings Sample

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

operating variables were investigated, such as pH (1.5–3), organic phase concentration (10–40% v/v), and temperature (25 and 45°C). Increasing pH from 1.5 to 3 increased the zinc over nickel separation factor. Results showed that 98.7% of Zn was loaded at an O/A ratio of 1, pH 3, 25°C and 10% vol. D2EHPA. A 10 M NaOH was used to control the pH. However, using NH3 (25% v/v) for pH control reduced the solubility of Ni2+ in solution. Nickel started to precipitate in a light bluish-green crystalline form. It was characterized by X-ray diffraction and identified to be the nickel-bearing analog of Boussingaultite, a rare sulfate mineral of nickel with a chemical formula of Ni(NH4)2(SO4)2·6H2O. The crystallization rate was slow (75% in 4 days).

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14:50 – Paper No.: 9637 Molecular Recognition Technology: Simplified, Green Chemistry Process for Selective Separations and Recovery in Cobalt, Nickel, and Platinum Group Metal Hydrometallurgy Neil Izatt, Steven R. Izatt, Ronald L. Bruening, and R.M. Izatt, IBC Advanced Technologies, Inc. ABSTRACT Molecular Recognition Technology (MRT)

is a simplified, green chemistry process that has application in selective separations of Ni(II), Co(II), and platinum group metals in primary ore beneficiation processes and in secondary recovery operations from spent products and environmental waste solutions. Simplification is achieved by non-use of solvents and a simple gravity-driven separation system involving columns packed with metal-selective SuperLig® resins. Minimal waste is generated and recovery of metals at 99% levels from g/L to <mg/L concentration levels is achievable. These features result in separations systems that are attractive compared with conventional legacy separations methods. Examples of MRT use in commercial separation involving the cited metals will be given. Simplified, green chemistry separation processes such as MRT are needed in metal processing and recovery going forward into the 21st Century in order to achieve global metal sustainability.

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ROOM NUMBER: REGENCY B - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: METALS SEPARATION AND RECOVERY II WED PM2 15:40 15:40 – Paper No.: 9763 Commercial Production of High Purity Nickel Cathode from Copper Refinery Bleed Stream Ajaykumar Patel, emew India Private Limited Ian Ewart, Gourab Satapathy, and Trevor Bergfeldt, emew Corporation ABSTRACT Conventional electrowinning (EW) of

nickel from sulfate electrolytes is complicated by several factors including the requirement for a diaphragm cell to separate the anolyte and catholyte and the need to minimize nickel mist emissions. Developed and commercialized by emewCorporation, this novel process electrowins high purity nickel cathode (99.5%) from copper refinery bleed streams using the proprietary emew vortex EW technology. The emew nickel process incorporates high flow rate in an enclosed cylindrical EW cell operating at high current densities that overcomes the challenges of conventional nickel EW and completely eliminates the risk of nickel mist emissions. The tubular cathodes are easily harvested and mitigate the effect of plating stresses inherent in nickel EW. The present paper describes the emew nickel process and its most recent application to copper refinery bleed streams at full scale.

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NICKEL-COBALT 2017 (4TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE) PYROMETALLURGY OF NICKEL-COBALT ROOM

AM1

AM2

PM1

PM2

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling MON PM1 14:00

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling MON PM2 15:40

General Pyrometallurgy I TUE PM1 14:00

Ni-Co Sea Nodule Processing TUE PM2 15:40

Monday, August 28

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Operations MON AM2 10:05

Regency A - 3rd floor

Tuesday, August 29

Regency B - 3rd floor

Pyro+Hydrometallurgy of Ni-Co KEYNOTE – TUE AM1 8:00 Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology I: TUE AM2 10:05

Regency A - 3rd floor

Regency A - 3rd floor

General Pyrometallurgy II WED AM1 8:00

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology II: WED AM2 10:05

Monday, August 28 ROOM NUMBER: REGENCY A - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: NI-CO PYROMETALLURGICAL OPERATIONS MON AM2 10:05 10:05 – Paper No.: 9651 KEYNOTE: Meeting Today’s Challenge in Nickel Production: Reducing Operating Costs at Nickel Sulphide and Laterite Plants Phillip Mackey, A. Vahed, and A. E. M. Warner, Worley Parsons ABSTRACT Since early 2015, the price of nickel has

dropped from the region of US$6/pound to current levels of approximately US$4.30/pound, reflecting several market factors, but principally lower demand from China. Under such conditions, nickel companies have been under pressure to contain operating costs. In addition, labor and energy costs will continue to rise, while nickel ore grades will likely continue to drop. All major companies now accept the need for climate change action and consequently efforts are slowly attempted towards lowering carbon-based emissions. Nevertheless, meeting these challenges can also contribute to higher operating costs without parallel innovative developments—which at the same time, under

current conditions, major companies are tending to curtail. In this paper, several productivity improvement opportunities to reduce unit operating costs at nickel sulphide and nickel laterite plants are reviewed. Opportunities include: (a) process and energy-type selection, production capability, optimization of process intensity, and implementation of newer technologies; (b) improved productivity, equipment availability including maintenance best practice; (c) energy savings and recovery opportunities and use of energy surveys; and (d) process modeling and improved scheduling. Such improvements, along with an uptick seen in nickel demand going forward, should better position the world nickel industry.

10:30 – Paper No.: 9714 Fluidized Bed Reduction of Nickel Laterite at Koniambo Nickel Eric Eccleston, TechnipFMC Ron Schonewille, Glencore Francis Letarte and Eric Gardner, Koniambo Nickel SAS ABSTRACT In 2005, after nearly a decade of process

development and feasibility work, the commercialization of the Falconbridge Nickel Smelting Technology (NST) began in earnest with the design and construction of a grassroots ferronickel plant

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Wednesday, August 30

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

at Koniambo Nickel in New Caledonia. The NST process was developed as an alternative to the conventional Rotary Kiln-Electric Furnace (RKEF) process for production of ferronickel from saprolitic nickel laterite ores. The NST process promised environmental and energy efficiency advantages over the conventional route. A key step of the NST process involves fluidized bed pre-reduction of calcined laterite ore using direct injection of pulverized coal as the reductant. Two parallel fluidized bed reduction roasters (FBRs) were installed at Koniambo Nickel, each designed for a maximum capacity of 4,200 MTPD of calcined nickel laterite ore. This paper describes the process development and scale-up of the fluidized bed pre-reduction process, the design challenges associated with the prototype commercial units, and the current status of the FBR operation at Konaimbo.

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10:55 – Paper No.: 9730 The Sudbury Integrated Nickel Operations Converting Practice, an Update Graeme Goodall, XPS Sari J. Muinonen, Rifat Jabbar, and A. Cummings, Sudbury Integrated Nickel Operations ABSTRACT Glencore’s Sudbury Integrated Nickel

Operation in Falconbridge Ontario has been in operation since 1930. Many new technologies and practices, now common in the industry, have been implemented at the site and contribute significantly to the industry’s understanding. Since the last update on the smelter operation published at the NiCo 2005 conference, the Converter Aisle has undergone significant changes in the operation of vessels. The Aisle continues to consist of four Peirce-Smith converters, but the Slag-Make Converter, and the Slag Cleaning Vessel have been re-tooled or re-built as Hybrid Vessels (HV), each generating matte for the two Finishing Converters and cleaning slag for disposal. The complicated scheduling and the overall benefits to the smelter are reviewed here as part of the on-going tradition of industry support.

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11:20 – Paper No.: 9721 Discrete Event Simulation of the Glencore Sudbury Integrated Nickel Operations Converter Aisle Rajan Pandher, XPS Consulting & Testwork Services Sari Muinonen and Rifat Jabbar, Sudbury Integrated Nickel Operations Mika Muinonen and Graeme Goodall, XPS Consulting & Testwork Services ABSTRACT The implementation of a new and highly

efficient converting practice at the Glencore Sudbury Integrated Nickel Operations (INO) Smelter has opened the possibility to further capacity increases by using larger ladles. To quantify the impact of increasing ladle sizes from 200 to 300 ft3, XPS constructed a detailed discrete event simulation using the commercial software package Rockwell Arena®. The challenges associated with implementing a model on an intricate and tightly scheduled process, and the solutions needed to derive meaningful results will be presented. The aisle capacity is predicted to increase by approximately 17%, with a reduction in furnace tapping demand of 8%. Arena modeling capabilities and the key factors contributing to the overall capacity increase at the Sudbury INO Smelter will be reviewed and presented.

11:45 – Paper No.: 9493 Canadian Pyrrhotite Tailings: The History, Inventory, and Processing Sabereh Rezaei and Feng Liu, University of Toronto Samuel Marcuson, Marcuson and Associates Mika Muinonen, Glencore Lucky Lakshmanan and Ram Sridhar, Process Research ORTECH Inc. Mansoor Barati, University of Toronto ABSTRACT Canadian nickel-copper ore deposits

have been a major source of nickel, copper, cobalt, and precious metals for more than 100 years. The two main minerals of interest, pentlandite (Pn, (NiFe)9S8) and chalcopyrite (Cp, CuFeS2), are usually accompanied with large quantities of pyrrhotite (Po, Fe1-xS). Until the 1950s, Po containing small amounts of nickel was routinely smelted as part of the valuable Pn concentrate. The rapid growth in Ni demand following the Second World War created impetus to treat the Po separately. This action would liberate valuable smelting capacity for higher value Pn; Ni contained in Po would be recovered, the Fe converted to valuable iron ore, and S recovered as sulfuric acid. The roasting process would yield vast amounts of steam. The industry would then have a “waste-free” process. Both Inco and Falconbridge developed processes and built large

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ROOM NUMBER: REGENCY A - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: NI-CO PYROMETALLURGICAL PROCESS MODELLING - MON PM1 14:00 14:00 – Paper No.: 9720 Effect of CaO on the Slag-Matte Thermochemistry in a Nickel Sulfide Converter Taufiq Hidayat and Denis Shishin, The University of Queensland David Grimsey, Nickel West Kalgoorlie Smelter Peter Hayes and Evgueni Jak, The University of Queensland ABSTRACT An integrated nickel flash smelter is oper-

ated with PS converters at the Nickel West Kalgoorlie Smelter. To improve partitioning of arsenic between waste and product materials, an option to modify the slag-matte chemistry by addition of CaO was analysed. Combined high-temperature experiments and thermodynamic prediction were carried out to evaluate this option. The experiments involved hightemperature re-equilibration of industrial matte-slag samples at 1225°C and at P(SO2) = 0.12 atm, rapid quenching in water and direct measurement of phase compositions using electron probe X-ray microanalysis. The relationship between slag-matte chemistry and CaO addition was predicted using FactSage thermodynamic software and compared with the measured data. The information obtained from this study can be used to understand the effect of CaO on the thermochemistry of slag and matte during nickel sulfide converting.

14:25 – Paper No.: 9518 Incorporation of Matte-Slag Thermochemistry into Sulphide Smelter Discrete Event Simulation Alessandro Navarra, Francisco Valenzuela, and Rodrigo Cruz, Universidad Católica del Norte Camila Arancibia, and Rodrigo Yañez, Universidad de Atacama Cesar Acuña, Formerly of Codelco (now retired) ABSTRACT Discrete event simulation (DES) is a suit-

able framework to evaluate and optimize the dynamics of sulphide smelters. In particular, ironnickel-copper-cobalt sulphides undergo continual oxidation within a roasting or smelting operation, followed by batch oxidation within the converting operation, thus producing iron-free Bessemer matte (or blister copper, in the case of copper smelters); this semi-finished product undergoes further processing to produce nickel, copper and cobalt products, and to recover precious metals. The juncture between continuous smelting and batch converting is often an appropriate focus for the earliest phases of DES development, since it is typically a major bottleneck within nickel and copper smelters; later phases may include increasing levels of detail for auxiliary unit operations, as well as plant logistics. Moreover, DES can support matte-slag chemistry, including Gibbs free energy balances to determine the iron speciation within the slag. DES is therefore capable of linking the fundamentals of oxidation reactions to the intricacies of plant dynamics.

14:50 – Paper No.: 9449 Soft Sensors and Fuzzy Logic Control: A Practical Way to Overcome Complex Problems Marc Tardif and Michel Ruel, BBA Francis Letarte-Lavoie and Robert Beaulieu, Koniambo Nickel SAS ABSTRACT In mineral extraction, it is often very diffi-

cult to reliably measure many key operating variables. The harsh environment and high temperature encountered in pyrometallurgical processes create difficulties in selecting the proper instruments, valves, and actuators. If an important variable cannot be measured or manipulated adequately, controlling it can be a significant challenge. Sometimes it is impossible to find the perfect equipment for the task. To help overcome those difficulties, a different approach is required, one that does not try to correct the problems with the instruments and valves, but that can adapt to the problems. This article will demonstrate how modern process control techniques can be used to solve complex problems, while remaining easy to

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industrial plants for this purpose. These operated with some success, but technical challenges and tenuous economics were continual challenges. By the early 1980s, these industrial operations were closed. Sophisticated froth flotation methods of rejecting the Po were developed, and Po containing up to 1% Ni became a waste material reporting to tailings. As part of a major study on possible processing of Po for both value recovery and waste remediation, this paper presents a historical perspective on Canadian Po with regards to its generation, inventory, value, and attempts to process it.

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implement. In this article, we will described how soft sensors and multi-variable fuzzy logic control were implemented at Koniambo Nickel to stabilize the feed and allow for safe and reliable operation of an 80 MW DC arc furnace.

ROOM NUMBER: REGENCY A - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: NI-CO PYROMETALLURGICAL PROCESS MODELLING - MON PM2 15:40 15:40 – Paper No.: 9706 A TGA/DSC Study on the Kinetics of Nickel Laterite Ore Reduction Sahand Sarbishei and Leili Tafaghodi Khajavi, University of British Columbia ABSTRACT Following the depletion of nickel sulfide

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ores, laterites are considered as one of the main sources for producing nickel and cobalt. One of the primary steps in pyrometallurgical extraction of nickel from laterites involves partial reduction of the ore. Studying the kinetics of laterite reduction provides valuable information on reducibility of nickel laterites using coal as a reductant. The present study investigates the reduction behavior of the nickel laterite by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry. Nonisothermal reduction tests were performed to find the main reactions that occur during the process. Also, the kinetics of the reduction process were evaluated by the isothermal reduction test at different temperatures (800, 900, 1000°C). The kinetics of the isothermal reduction was studied using Arrhenius equation and the mass change curves obtained from TGA. Moreover, activation energies were calculated as a function of the extent of reduction.

16:05 – Paper No.: 9716 Experimental and Modelling Research of Slag Properties in Nickel Laterite Smelting Taufiq Hidayat, Jeff Chen, and Denis Shishin, The University of Queensland Gary O’Connell and Francis Letarte, Koniambo Nickel SAS Peter Hayes and Evgueni Jak, The University of Queensland ABSTRACT Knowledge of slag properties is required

to optimize smelting operations. The phase equilibria and viscosities of the Al2O3-CaO-FeO-Fe2O3 -MgO-MnO-Cr2O3-SiO2 slag in the conditions of interest to Koniambo Ni-laterite smelting operations were investigated. Phase equilibrium experiments were carried out in olivine and pyroxene primary phase fields at 1550 and 1600°C and

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at SiO2/MgO ratios between 1.57 and 2.09. The experiments involved high- temperature re-equilibration of industrial slags, rapid quenching, and direct measurement of phase compositions using electron probe X-ray microanalysis. Phase equilibria predictions were performed using FactSage thermodynamic software. A slag viscosity model based on the quasichemical formalism for the structure of liquid in FactSage thermodynamic software was used to calculate the viscosity of liquid slag. The Einstein-Roscoe equation was used to estimate the viscosity of slurry. The information provided can be used to assist in the evaluation of furnace performance, to analyze current fluxing practices, to assess further optimization of slag composition depending on target outcomes, and to explore possibilities of targeted feed changes.

16:30 – Paper No.: 9660 Experiences with the Upgrade of a Metal Accounting System in a Nickel Smelter Luc Lachance, Simon Gariépy, and Myriam Cousineau, Algosys ABSTRACT Current business and corporate environ-

ments push for improving metal accounting practice in smelters. The ensuing projects are commonly done in a waterfall way. As such, efforts are first put on reviewing the measurement system and then on remedying the identified weaknesses. The focus is moved to mass/metal balance only after the measurement upgrade process has been completed. However, without a reconciled mass balance in place, it may be hard to quantify the high variances related to suboptimal measurement and analysis techniques. This leads to a to-do list that can not only exceed available resources, but also lack prioritization in view of achieving the targeted end use. This paper describes an actual system upgrade project where all three dimensions of the metal accounting system (hardware, software, and people) were involved at the onset. Personnel were thus trained on data reconciliation software at the beginning of the project to make the reconciled mass balance benefits available earlier in the process. This has pinpointed the most critical measurements where precision and accuracy should be improved. Overall, not only has the instrumentation retrofitting process been streamlined, but the global risk for the whole upgrading project has been significantly lowered.

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ROOM NUMBER: REGENCY B - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: PYRO+HYDROMETALLURGY OF NI-CO KEYNOTE TUE AM1 8:00 8:00 – Paper No.: 9738 KEYNOTE: The Potential of Polymetallic Sea Nodules to Supply Environmentally and Societally Attractive Metals Anthony O’Sullivan and Keith Calder, DeepGreen Resources ABSTRACT Polymetallic nodules were discovered at

the end of the 19th Century in the Kara Sea, in the Arctic Ocean off Siberia. During the scientific expeditions of the H.M.S. Challenger (1872–1876), they were found to occur in most oceans of the world. Interest in the potential exploitation of polymetallic nodules generated a great deal of interest and activity among prospective mining consortia in the 1960s and 1970s. Significant investments in identifying potential deposits and in research and development of technology for harvesting and processing nodules were made. The technology and experience developed during this time were never commercialized because there was no legal framework in place to secure tenure of the resource. The International Seabed Authority was established in 1994 under the authority of the United Nations to manage the legal framework for the harvesting of polymetallic nodules. The developing regulatory framework and the high-grade mineralization of polymetallic nodules has led to renewed interest and efforts to commercialize polymetallic nodule harvesting and processing. Located at a depth of 4 to 5 km on the deep sea abyssal plains, polymetallic nodules contain nickel, manganese, copper, cobalt and other base and strategic metals. These highgrade nodules rest in the sediments of the ocean floor so harvesting does not require any overburden removal or drilling and blasting like other land based or seafloor mining activities. DeepGreen Resources Inc. (DeepGreen) is a private Canadian deepsea minerals company that is pursuing the commercial harvesting of high grade polymetallic nodules in the Pacific Ocean. DeepGreen views the seafloor minerals industry as an environmentally and societally more attractive way to produce base and strategic metals compared to land-based mining operations and is targeting a process with no waste or tailings and no disruption to local communities. DeepGreen intends to be the first polymetallic nodule mineral project that moves into

commercial production. This presentation will discuss the history of polymetallic nodules, the compelling environmental, societal and commercial case for harvesting nodules and present a vision of the future for this exciting new mining and metallurgy industry.

8:50 – Paper No.: 9767 KEYNOTE: Crystallization and Precipitation in Extractive Metallurgy Alison Lewis, University of Cape Town ABSTRACT Reactive crystallization of sparingly solu-

ble salts is used extensively in extractive metallurgy and is also important in many natural environments. Precipitation as a purification and separation process offers many advantages, including ease of processing and high product yields but has the disadvantage of forming products with undesirable properties, such as small particle sizes. This usually causes difficulties in separation and downstream processing. These particle properties are a function of the particle structure, morphology and particle size distribution, and can be influenced by manipulating the conditions of the precipitation reaction. The link between the processing conditions and the product properties can be obtained by understanding as well as measurement of the kinetic processes that occur during precipitation. This presentation will highlight how the combination of an industrial problem with an emphasis on depth and quality of scientific investigation can be a successful approach in unlocking technical issues. Therefore, although the research questions arise from industrial problems, the approach is rooted in developing an understanding of the underlying mechanisms.

ROOM NUMBER: REGENCY A - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: NI-CO PYROMETALLURY TECHNOLOGY I: TUE AM2 10:05 10:05 – Paper No.: 9652 KEYNOTE: Northam Platinum - Operational Update Markus Erwee and Rodney T. Jones, Mintek Jean Van Rensburg, Northam Platinum Limited ABSTRACT Northam Platinum Limited is an inte-

grated producer of platinum group metals (PGMs) based in South Africa. Northam’s primary products are platinum, palladium, and rhodium for the motor manufacturing industry, the jewellery industry, and other industrial sectors. The primary

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Tuesday, August 29

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operations are centred on the recovery of PGMs from Merensky and UG2 ores from their two wholly owned mines, Zondereinde and Booysendal, and the smelter and base metals removal plant at Zondereinde. Refining of the metals is done through Heraeus, both in Port Elizabeth, South Africa, and Hanau, Germany. Construction of a new furnace began in 2016, with commissioning taking place in 2017. [This operational update is subject to permission being granted by the management of Northam Platinum. The approval process is still underway.]

10:30 – Paper No.: 9354 Refractory Wear in Nickel and Cobalt Processing Furnaces Dean Gregurek, Karl Budna, Christine Wenzl, Alfred Spanring, and Bob Drew, RHI AG ABSTRACT The metallurgy of nickel and cobalt, as

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well as copper is closely interlinked, namely by processing sulfidic Ni-Co ores and Cu-Co ores. The respective furnaces are typically lined with MgCr refractories, which are exposed to multiple and complex stresses. The selection of the processing route, furnace type, and slag system will be dictated by the specific ore type available; this will determine the individual refractory wear mode. This paper evaluates the common refractory wear mechanisms of infiltration, spalling, and chemical attack by various slag systems, as well as sulfur attack as observed when processing primary sulfidic ores. All of these wear parameters discussed in the paper lead to a severe degeneration of the brick microstructure and a decreased lining life. Therefore, a detailed investigation and understanding of the wear mechanisms through “post-mortem studies” is an important prerequisite for the refractory producer. Based on such research results, combined with specific process knowledge, appropriate brick lining solutions for nickel and cobalt processing furnaces can be recommended.

10:55 – Paper No.: 9595 Key Factors Affecting Nickel Recovery during the Segregation of Laterite Ores David Grimsey, BHP Billiton Eric John Grimsey and Don Ibana, Curtin University, Western Australia School of Mines ABSTRACT The segregation process as applied to

nickel laterite ores involves the formation of gaseous nickel and iron chlorides, which are subsequently reduced to form ferronickel on the

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surface of a solid carbon reductant. A fundamental study of the process has been carried out using limonite, nontronite, and garnierite ores. The study highlighted the significant impacts that ore mineralogy and carbon addition have on the amount of nickel that is segregated rather than lost within the ore due to in-situ reduction. This important aspect of the process is discussed in this paper.

11:20 – Paper No.: 9644 Dry Atomization of Nickel Laterite Slag Daan Sauter, Santiago Faucher, Lily Lai Chi So, and Sina Mostaghel, Hatch Ltd. S.K. Lee and S.-Y. Oh, Ecomaister Co., Ltd. K. Aswin and A. Triwahyuono, PT Vale ABSTRACT Molten hauling and water granulation are

the commonly used slag treatment methods in the production of nickel. Water is present in these processes either to accelerate cooling of the dumped slag or in the granulation itself which creates an inherent safety risk of explosions. Even good design and operation are not sufficient to prevent explosions or injuries from occurring. Several dry methods to treat slags have been intensely studied. However, most of these technologies have never been commercialized due to numerous challenges including scalability, cost, low heat recovery efficiencies, and difficulties in heat utilization. Ecomaister-Hatch has recently developed and commercialized a reliable and simple Dry Atomization process, which eliminates water and allows for heat recovery. As part of the development towards other sectors, lab-scale and pilot-scale trials have been completed in a number of base metals and PGM facilities. Recently, Dry Atomization of a nickel laterite slag was successfully demonstrated at labscale. The current paper introduces the technology and reports the test results obtained from atomization of the nickel slag.

11:45 – Paper No.: 9622 Recovery of Valuable Base Metals from Secondary Materials Using DC Plasma Smelting Tim Johnson, Tetronics International ABSTRACT The increasing use of nickel, cobalt, and

other valuable base metals as lower-cost alternative catalyst materials, increasing stainless steel production, and the potential for increased demand in a range of other applications has resulted in strong growth in demand for these key metals. However, against this growing demand,

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ROOM NUMBER: REGENCY A - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: GENERAL PYROMETALLURGY I - TUE PM1 14:00 14:00 – Paper No.: 9572 Microwave Reduction of Black Thor Chromite Ore Christopher Pickles and K. Mackowiak, Queen’s University ABSTRACT Black Thor chromite ore from the Ring of

Fire deposit in Northern Ontario was carbothermically reduced in a microwave system to produce a ferrochromium alloy. The as-received ore contained 43.0% Cr2O3, 19.9% Fe2O3, 14.5% MgO, 13.4% Al2O3 and 7.0% SiO2. Activated charcoal was utilized as the reducing agent. Firstly, TGA/DTA and permittivity studies were carried out in order to determine the relationship between the reduction process and the microwave susceptibility. Secondly, microwave reduction experiments were performed on the chromite ore. The variables investigated were; the amount of carbon, processing time, input power and type of atmosphere. A maximum chromium grade of 76.1% and a chromium metallization of 82.7% were obtained for a processing time of 20 minutes, a power input of 800 W and a carbon addition of 15% in an argon atmosphere.

14:25 – Paper No.: 9696 The Effect of Fluxing Agent on Direct Reduction of Chromite Ore Samira Sokhanvaran, Natural Resources Canada Dogan Paktunc, CanmetMINING, Natural Resources Canada ABSTRACT This paper will be on developing an alter-

native approach to extract chromium from chromite ore with lower specific energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. In the current market and environmental conditions, production of ferrochrome with a competitive cost and lower greenhouse gas emissions is a key factor. The conventional smelting process for the production of ferrochrome involves an electric arc furnace, which has a Soderberg electrode submerged in the burden materials. There are four technologies available for the production of ferrochrome alloys: conventional semi-closed furnace, Outokumpu, DC arc furnace, and Premus. The electric arc smelting technologies described above are energy intensive, requiring between approximately 3.4 and 4.6 MWh of energy per tonne of ferrochrome produced. In this study, an alternative approach to smelting is investigated. Direct reduction of chromite is possible with the help of various fluxing agents. In this process, complete reduction is difficult to achieve due to the slow kinetics of solid-solid reactions and formation of an oxide layer (MgO and Al2O3) that hinders the transportation/diffusion of ions from the unreacted core of spinel to the surface where reduction takes place. In this paper the role of different fluxing agents on the reduction of chromite ore and formation of ferrochromium alloy will be presented.

14:50 – Paper No.: 9562 The SMS Group DC Electrode Column (Cathode), Design, and Operation Harmen Oterdoom, Christian Kempe, Andreas Haaks, A. Liedtke, and Adriaan Scheltema Beduin, SMS group ABSTRACT For the Kazchrome DC Ferrochrome

plant, SMS group specifically designed an electrode column that would minimize downtime. Special features include the possibility for on-load electrode jointing, on-load slipping, and backslipping. Electrode consumption is strongly related to furnace load and impedance, and at high loads is very low, which makes the graphite electrode an alternative to consider even in AC applications. The electrode could also be applied in other DC applications (e.g., TiO2 slag, the novel Conroast, or (twin) DC FeNi), and could possibly be installed during

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mining companies face a combination of persistent low metal prices, increasing costs of primary extraction, and declining quality of ores, conditions that make it the ideal time to recover more nickel, cobalt, and other key metals from secondary sources. For more than 25 years, Tetronics’ DC plasma smelting technology has proved itself to be very adept at extracting nickel and other key metals such as chromium and molybdenum from stainless steel meltshop dusts and other wastes. The highly compact, environmentally friendly, and efficient nature of Tetronics’ DC plasma smelting plants makes them an obvious choice for these increasingly important niche secondary sources of nickel, cobalt, and other key metals. So, as the world looks for new environmentally friendly methods to satisfy the growing demand for these metals, this paper will present details of how Tetronics’ DC plasma smelting technology can be used for their recovery from secondary sources.

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bigger shut downs. This paper will describe some of the operational performance data on this novel column in the FeCr industry, which could also be of interest for the FeNi or PGM industry if these would continue with DC technology.

ROOM NUMBER: REGENCY A - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: NI-CO SEA NODULE PROCESSING TUE PM2 15:40 15:40 – Paper No.: 9728 Development of a Metallurgical Process for Polymetallic Nodules Jeffrey Donald, SNC-Lavalin Group Inc. C. McLachlan, DeepGreen Resources ABSTRACT Positioned at the forefront of the seafloor

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minerals industry, DeepGreen Resources is on track to becoming a leading producer of base and strategic metals obtained from vast high-grade seafloor polymetallic nodule deposits. The seafloor polymetallic nodules, containing nickel, manganese, copper, cobalt and other base and strategic metals, are located at a depth of 4 to 5 km in the Clarion Clipperton Zone of the deep sea abyssal plains. They sit on or near the surface of the seabed silt and can be harvested with limited impact to the environment. Unlike terrestrial mining, polymetallic nodule harvesting does not require waste rock generation, wide spread deforestation or the relocation of towns and villages. The sea nodules represent a unique metal-bearing resource, and thus, no existing metallurgical operation or flowsheet can recover the primary metallic values while managing the distinct mineralogy. Thus, DeepGreen Resources is developing a new process to maximize the business outcomes consistent with the highest environmental standards, including targeting a near zero waste facility.

16:05 – Paper No.: 9712 Base Metal Recovery from Polymetallic Nodule and Laterite Ore Mixtures. Part I: Pressure Acid Leaching in the Presence of Caron Process Tailings Ramon Causse, Joint Organization Interoceanmetal M. Pelegrin Rodriguez and A. Mosqueda Martinez, CEDINIQ J. Castellanos Suarez and Ruben Aja, CIPIMM ABSTRACT The paper will describes the methods

and the obtained results of the studies to integrate polymetallic nodule (PN) extractive metallurgy methods into existing and operating technologies or plants with the aim of reducing capital cost of

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deep-sea mining challenge and streamline supply chains of raw materials where such technology opportunities exists (Moa Bay and others). It will also to assess the possibility to carry out preindustrial processing operation with productivity corresponding to pilot mining operation in the Clarion Clipperton Fracture Zone (5–10% of assumed annual production) with the use of existing facilities. The present study will show the results of leaching at high pressure and temperatures with sulphuric acid of PNs mixed with laterite ore and leaching at high pressure and temperatures with sulphuric acid of PN, in the presence of the tailings obtained from the Caron process (ammoniacal tailings).

Wednesday, August 30

ROOM NUMBER: REGENCY A - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: GENERAL PYROMETALLURGY II - WED AM1 8:00 8:00 – Paper No.: 9359 Flowsheet Development for the Extraction of Rare Earths Using Mintek’s PyEarthTM Process Kabwika Bisaka, Itumeleng Thobadi, Sam Mokoena, Christoph Pawlik, and Markus Erwee, Mintek ABSTRACT The PyEarthTM process developed at

Mintek has been successfully demonstrated at the pilot scale. Nine tons of ore containing 2.3 mass % of total rare earth oxides (TREO) from a dormant mineralogically complex iron-rich ore deposit were subjected to a concentrating smelting step in a 200 kW DC open-arc pilot furnace. The rare earths from the resulting slag were extracted via the hydrometallurgical route. This ore deposit is practically not amenable to extraction by conventional methods. The testwork results showed that the PyEarthTM was able to optimize the extraction of rare earths while minimizing waste through the removal of iron as a saleable iron alloy. Reduction of iron to the alloy in the smelting step was found to be flexible, efficient, and controllable while rare earths were left virtually unreduced in the slag phase. The slag chemistry is selected to optimize both the smelting and leaching performances, as well as the alloy composition. Leaching of the resulting slag was found possible and most efficient in hydrochloric acid amongst other lixiviants tested.

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Ali Hosseinpour and Leili Tafaghodi Khajavi, University of British Columbia

ABSTRACT Silicon is considered as the most appropriate semiconductor material for manufacturing solar cells because of its natural abundance and being nontoxic. The transferable knowledge and technology from the electronics industry and the long history of silicon-based semiconductors are also assisting the domination of silicon as the most common semiconductor material. Developing an environmentally and economically viable process for producing solar grade silicon has been one of the main challenges in the silicon industry in the past few years. Metallurgical refining processes have received significant attention because of their high productivity and low cost. Slag refining is one of the purification methods which is based on oxidation of the impurity elements, followed by its dissolution into a slag phase. This article presents a review of various slag refining processes that have been employed for purification of silicon and silicon alloys. SiO2, CaO, CaF2, CaCl2, Al2O3, MgO and Na2O are the major components of the slags used for silicon refining. These slags can be classified into three main categories including binary, ternary and quaternary slags.

8:50 – Paper No.: 9384 Design-by-Analysis of Water-Cooled Gas Handling Ducts Maher Al-Dojayli, Jennifer Woloshyn, Simon Arsenault, Hamid Ghorbani, Tom Plikas, Tony Porretta, and B. Pretorius, Hatch Ltd. ABSTRACT Water-cooled ducts represent an integral

part of high temperature off-gas systems in metallurgical processes. Typically, off-gas enters these ducts at significantly elevated temperatures; therefore, water cooling may be required to maintain the duct skin temperature within allowable design limits. These off-gases are typically of high mineral content that could lead to dust buildup, and there is a possibility of slag buildup / molten metal splashing. Therefore, dust cleaning provisions may be necessary in order to remove or minimize accretion on the duct wall, which could otherwise impact the water cooling and the system process efficiency. These ducts may have complex geometry and experience a wide range of loading, including gravity loads, water and gas pressures, cyclic thermal loading and dynamic impact forces. Consequently, the thermo-mechanical assessment of such water-cooled ducts is critical and requires

consideration phenomena such as high temperature gradients, potential nucleate boiling, thermal ratcheting and fatigue failures. Such assessment is not comprehensively covered by design-by-rule design codes and guidelines due to its complexity. This paper presents a successful implementation example of design-by-analysis methodology to improve the design and extend the life of a watercooled furnace transition duct using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Finite Element Analysis (FEA).

9:15 – Paper No.: 9713 Tapping Smelting Furnaces Using Advanced Thermal Lances: A Routine but Vital Task Roberto Pena, Darwin Morales, Veronica Cambiaso, and Cristhian Morales, Trefimet S.A. ABSTRACT The objective of this paper is to transmit

to industry professionals working on Ni, Co and Cu smelters, why Trefimet lances perform furnace tapping in less time, with lower tap hole damage and improved operation safety and operator comfort. This is compared with the current operation using the same plain oxygen pipe for more than a century. The paper will include a brief review of the traditional tapping method using plain oxygen pipes, and its effect on the design of furnaces and reactors, looking for higher capacities and efficiency. Deficiencies include an inaccurate tool that is physically difficult and unsafe to operate, time consuming and frustrating to connect one lance to another. The paper will describe the theoretical framework of thermic energy generation by all types of thermal lances, focused on the reaction of iron with the thermic energy that is released. Analysis of thermal energy generation with a plain oxygen pipe will be presented to understand the problems and risks presented by opening the tapholes with this lance. A description of the Trefimet Thermal Lance will be given including its capacity to generate thermal energy, illustrating why the Trefimet Thermal Lance does not cause the same tap hole wear. On this last topic, the qualitative and quantitative benefits from the use of Trefimet Thermal Lances will be outlined; namely focused energy, lighter and faster operation, less heat and risk of operator exposure, a unique fast coupling system, lower tap-hole wear and a longer tap hole life cycle leading to increased furnace productivity.

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8:25 – Paper No.: 9677 Slag Refining of Silicon: A Review

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ROOM NUMBER: REGENCY A - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: NI-CO PYROMETALLURY TECHNOLOGY II WED AM2 10:05 10:05 – Paper No.: 9467 NovasmeltTM for Nickel Production Stanko Nikolic, Martin Lluis Bakker, Hugo Joubert, Stephen Francis Gwynn-Jones, Isobel McDougall, and Randolph Bruce Nourse, Tenova Pyromet ABSTRACT Tenova Pyromet’s core furnace knowhow

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and expertise has been built within the ferroalloy and nickel/platinum group metal (PGM) industries with the supply of electric furnaces for numerous nickel/PGM operators, including Eastplats, Lonmin, Anglo-Platinum in South Africa, Mineraçào Serra Da Fortaleza in Brazil, and Norilsk Nickel in Russia. Tenova Pyromet has also supplied the electrode columns and associated electrode equipment, the heart of the electric furnace technology, for cobalt recovery in furnaces in Zambia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The quantity and size of projects undertaken by Tenova Pyromet has provided the opportunity to continuously improve furnace designs and the scope of supply, culminating in the most recent nickel/PGM project currently under construction at Northam Platinum. Through this innovative culture the Tenova Pyromet Base Metals Initiative was formed in 2015 to develop the NovasmeltTM Furnace; a next generation optimized top submerged lance (TSL) furnace design. The combination of Tenova Pyromet’s advanced NovasmeltTM product with our industry leading electric furnace technology are discussed with reference to applications for nickel and cobalt production. Flowsheet arrangements are compared, summarizing potential capital savings, operating requirements, and achievement of downstream product quality.

10:30 – Paper No.: 9331 Improving the Process of Blending Consistent and Predictable Feed in the Nickel Smelting Process Using PGNAA Technology April Montera, SABIA, Inc. Michael Loken, Sudbury Integrated Nickel Operations ABSTRACT The process of blending consistent and

predictable feed for the roasters is critical to optimizing product quality and controlling production costs. To assist in this process, online prompt gamma neutron activation (PGNA) slurry analyzers have been installed and evaluated at a Sudbury, Ontario smelter. They are used to measure 100%

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of the full process stream to obtain elemental composition data in real time. This paper explains the application details at Sudbury and the benefits achieved from their full stream, elemental slurry analyzers.

10:55 – Paper No.: 9563 Use of Forced Post-Combustion in FeNi Laterite Smelting Furnaces Harmen Oterdoom, Stephan Pilger, Joachim Rotarius, and T. P. Bui, SMS group ABSTRACT Most FeNi furnaces rely on post-combus-

tion inside the furnace to eliminate the produced CO gas and control the off gas temperature. As furnace load, capacity, and thus gas volumes have increased over the years, this has led to increased instabilities, which can cause problems in controlling the operation. Some of the large capacity furnaces nowadays work with partial or full combustion outside of the furnace, more similar to the steel industry. Forced combustion with or without enriched air can facilitate controlling post-combustion, stabilizing and even reducing off gas amounts. This paper presents some of the possibilities and advantages of having a specially designed post-combustion system for, a.o. FeNi laterite industry, but that could also be applied for other processes.

11:20 – Paper No.: 9604 Examination of Laterite Ferronickel Projects Using the Pyrometallurgy Route in the Long Term Pedro Pino Veliz and Elpidio F. Reis, PEK Teknep Overseas Engenharia S. A. ABSTRACT One of the most challenging characteris-

tics of laterite deposits is related to their mineralogical variability and the selection of the most valuable process route. The process definition highly depends on suitable and rigorous testwork based on the use of representative samples. The paper analyzes in some detail pyrometallurgical projects developed worldwide and that started production in the period 1996– 2016. Six key aspects of the laterite nickel projects are examined: 1) size and type of deposit; 2) route or technology selected and testwork undertaken; 3) evolution of capital cost x capacity from the prefeasibility stage to construction; 4) comparison between project concept (production scale and ramp up) x real; 5) forecasted overall capital and operating cost and comparison with real figures; and 6) nickel-cobalt price evolution and forecast at

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the time of approval of the feasibility study. The objective of the proposed paper is to identify key elements that should be addressed in future projects and that will be proposed as benchmark figures for projects that are in development.

11:45 – Paper No.: 9446 Lower Temperature Ferronickel Smelting by Utilizing Red Mud as a Flux Hyunsik Park, Minchul Ha, and Minseok Kim, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) ABSTRACT Production of ferronickel by an electric

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arc furnace consumes huge amounts of energy during the smelting process. Extremely high temperatures (above 1823K) are required to separate utility nickel from forsterite slags. In the present study, a novel approach is proposed that uses red mud as a flux material. Red mud is a hazardous material generated from aluminum refining plant that poses serious environmental risks. This approach could reduce energy consumption up to 10% by lowering the process temperature. Through high-temperature investigation, up to 37.5% of red mud was confirmed to be effective at reducing the melting temperature of ferronickel slags. Hazardous waste minimization and lower energy consumption in ferronickel smelting are attainable by utilizing red mud.

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COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

WORLD GOLD (7TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE) ROOM

AM1

AM2

PM1

PM2

Extractive Metallurgy: Preg-robbing I MON PM1 14:00

Extractive Metallurgy: Preg-robbing II MON PM2 15:40

Plaza A - 2nd floor

Process Modelling MON PM1 14:00

Comminution and Mineral Processing MON PM2 15:40

Georgia A - 2nd floor

Environmental: Mercury and Arsenic Remediation MON PM1 14:00

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery I MON PM2 15:40

Monday, August 28

World Gold Keynote MON AM2 10:05

Regency DEF - 3rd floor

Tuesday, August 29

Regency DEF - 3rd floor

World Gold Panel TUE AM1 8:00

TUESDAY PM

Extractive Metallurgy: Pressure Oxidation TUE AM2 10:05 Mineralogy and Characterization: Geometallurgy TUE AM2 10:05

Plaza A - 2nd floor

Extractive Metallurgy: Cyanide Leaching and Alternatives I TUE PM1 14:00

Environmental: Novel Environmental: Reducing Methods of Gold Recovery Water Usage TUE AM2 10:05 TUE PM1 14:00

Georgia A - 2nd floor

Environmental: Cyanide Measurement and Destruction TUE PM2 15:40 China Gold Keynote TUE PM2 16:30

Wednesday, August 30

Plaza A - 2nd floor

Mineralogy and Characterization: Case Studies WED AM1 8:00

Process Control and Optimization WED AM2 10:05

Mineralogy and Characterization: Techniques WED PM1 14:00

Georgia A - 2nd floor

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery II WED AM1 8:00

Pre-Concentration WED AM2 10:05

Operations: Pre-Treatments WED PM1 14:00

Plaza B - 2nd floor

Extractive Metallurgy: Cyanide Leaching and Alternatives II WED AM1 8:00

Extractive Metallurgy: Atmospheric Leaching WED AM2 10:05

Extractive Metallurgy: Gold Tellurides and Selenides WED PM1 14:00

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ROOM NUMBER: REGENCY DEF - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: WORLD GOLD KEYNOTE - MON AM2 10:05 10:05 – Paper No.: 9765 KEYNOTE: HPGR in Gold Leach Applications – An Overview Holger Plath and Christoph Beyer, thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions David Kruth, Kappes, Cassiday & Associates Johann Knecht, Knecht Comminution Consulting GmbH Wolfgang Baum, Ore & Plant Mineralogy LLC ABSTRACT Although HPGR technology has been rec-

ognized since the late 1980s as a potential powerful tool for heap leaching, operational applications did not proceed until the most recent years. Today, at least four gold operations have implemented HPGR systems from three manufacturers (thyssenkrupp, KHD and FLS) into their crushing circuits. They include Tarkwa (now closed), Lindero, Cierro Prieto and Soledad Mountain. Select published testing and/or operating data from these operations will be discussed. All of those applications confirm the early assessments, i.e. using HPGR within the crushing stages (most typically as a tertiary crusher) shows significant benefits for improving the overall hydrometallurgical parameters. The following presentation will discuss the current experience and provide an outlook for HPGR in heap leaching. HPGR may constitute the key to processing remaining reserves which, with conventional crushing technology, show only marginal metal extraction and borderline economics. The presentation will also address concerns in the industry regarding the generation of excessive amounts of fines. These concerns have been addressed via a combination of efforts including better ore characterization, optimal HPGR operation, agglomeration, heap construction, leach practices and avoidance of heap compaction. Although HPGRs’ major benefit to hydrometallurgy is its micro-fracturing of the rock matrix, it does generate some finer product sizes which are inherently beneficial for gold heap leaching. This fines generation effect does not constitute a problem for other leach applications, specifically heap leaching of copper ores. Extensive testing between 1996 and 2016 has documented that HPGR technology, when utilized under best-practice operating conditions including the adequate pressure settings, will not introduce excessive amounts of finer material. Prior to the introduction

of the HPGR, heap leaching of finely crushed materials has been routinely practiced using Barmac vertical shaft impactors and even dry grind ball mills, with the resulting material agglomerated and conveyor stacked. The fine material produced by an HPGR will have similar process characteristics, with the added advantage that micro-fracturing results in a smaller apparent crush size. Other positive aspects of HPGR use in leaching increasingly confirm the value of this technology not only as a high(er) throughput, power- and steel-wear saving comminution system but as a metallurgical tool. These include but are not limited to the following:

• Higher availability than any conventional crusher.

• Studded tyre wear protection achieved lifetime of the rolls of more than 10,000 operating hours.

• Possible rapid adjustments of pressure, gap and roll speed to match the geo-metallurgical variance of the ore.

• Indications that HPGR use will result in both lower retained and saturated moisture in the heap (depending on the ore/rock type).

• Even with variable rock types and alteration, HPGRs can generate discharge products which (a) exhibit good agglomeration and (b) show favorable PSDs for geo-technical heap stability.

• Faster leach kinetics.

• Substantial increases of gold extractions with up to 20% higher than achieved via conventional crushing (e.g. St. Ives).

• Recent publications suggest that HPGR may even offer a good potential for heap leaching Witwatersrand gold ores.

Robust HPGR testing will continue to be of critical importance. The leach test facilities of Kappes, Cassiday & Associates in Reno include a thyssenkrupp pilot HPGR (“PILOTWAL”). This unit can handle samples as small as 100 kg for trade-off and feasibility studies, but it can process up to 20 tonnes/h for larger scale testing and semi-commercial purposes. Re-thinking the standard approach of leaching gold ores with new HPGR flowsheet and process concepts may actually achieve metallurgical results thus far believed to be out of reach. The concept of de-sliming prior to leaching, which was advocated by Herkenhoff and Dean in 1987, has become of considerable significance with the use of HPGR. Finally, larger HPGR units could become

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Monday, August 28

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a cutting-edge optimization for bio-leaching of lowgrade refractory ores using a combination of finer blasting and a primary crusher followed by in-pit HPGR. This paper will review the encouraging operational data and illustrate innovative use of HPGR for various heap- and stockpile leach ores.

10:55 – Paper No.: 9556 KEYNOTE: An Innovative Approach to Early-Stage Process Development at NuevaUnión Simon Hille, Goldcorp Inc. Timothy Watson, Teck Resources Limited ABSTRACT NuevaUnión is a 50/50 joint venture

between Teck Resources and Goldcorp for the combined development of the Relincho and El Morro projects in Chile. Both corporate partners have expressed a desire to construct a project that incorporates innovative technologies to minimize the consumption of energy and fresh water. Calls for proposals were issued to vendors in the key areas of comminution and flotation, with a specific request for proposals to incorporate innovation, reduce energy consumption by an audacious 30– 50%, reduce fresh water requirements, reduce plant footprint, and optimize capital and operating expenses. Workshops were then held for stakeholders to assess the relative technical merit, complexity, and impact on water and energy consumption of each of the proposed flowsheets.

ROOM NUMBER: REGENCY DEF - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: EXTRACTIVE METALLURGY: PREG-ROBBING I MON PM1 14:00 14:00 – Paper No.: 9560 Practical Treatment Options for Carbonaceous Preg-Robbing Gold Ores Stephen La Brooy, Ausenco Peter Wemyss, Centennial Resources Jeff Bowen, Ausenco ABSTRACT Gold losses to natural carbonaceous mat-

ter during cyanide leaching have been investigated for over a century. The variation in the severity of the problem from one ore to another has led to a range different processes being implemented at different mine sites. Most commercial options utilize one or more of the following processes: roasting, carbon pre-flotation, organic blinding, carbon-in-leach (CIL), chlorine passivation, pressure oxidation, biological passivation, elevated temperature CIL, resin-in-leach (RIL), and thiosulfate. This

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paper sets out to provide a basis to identify the most appropriate process or combination of processes for a particular ore. It also sets out to provide information on how these processes may be implemented, drawing on information in the literature and current or recent applications at: Stawell, Kumtor, Penjom, Twin Creeks, Macraes Flat, Kittila, Fosterville, Carlin, Goldstrike, and Jerritt Canyon. Various process options have been dismissed or deemed to be unsuccessful due to limited knowledge available on the strengths and weaknesses of the different options and how they need to be implemented. Between them the authors have been involved in flowsheet development and project implementation in four of the commercial plants treating preg-robbing ores.

14:25 – Paper No.: 9753 The Use of Mercury to Inhibit Autoclave Preg-Robbing of Gold: Pilot Plant Trials Ilia Fomenko, Peter Zaytsev, Michail Pleshkov, Lev Chugaev, and Yacov Shneerson, SRC Hydrometallurgy ABSTRACT Pressure oxidation (POX) is one of the

most common and reliable methods of processing gold-bearing sulfide concentrates. However, when processing concentrates that contain natural carbonaceous matter, substantial gold losses occur due to autoclave preg-robbing. The latter involves formation of gold chloride complexes under typical POX conditions (high temperatures, high acidity and high ORP) and subsequent sorption of these complexes by carbonaceous matter. Naturally, the chloride ion plays a significant role in the process of autoclave preg-robbing; its concentration in POX solution has a well-marked effect on subsequent gold recovery during cyanidation of POX residue. Previous research done by SRC Hydrometallurgy showed that autoclave preg-robbing of gold could be significantly inhibited by the addition of mercury(II) compounds to POX slurry. The positive effect of mercury(II) was well pronounced both at high (>20 mg/L) and low (<5 mgL) Cl concentrations in POX solution. The successful bench-scale laboratory testing was followed by pilot plant trials at Ore Test Facility in Blagoveshchensk, Russia. The present paper provides the results of these trials. The bench-scale testing results were verified; the optimum oxidizing parameters and reagent dosage were specified. The behavior of mercury(II) at the POX pilot plant was found to be in good agreement with industrial practice described in the literature.

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14:50 – Paper No.: 9450 Preg-Robbing Carbonaceous Matter: An Evaluation of Surface Chemical Control Mana Pourdasht, Liuyin Xia, Stamen Dimov, Brian Hart, and Zhe Chen, University of Western Ontario ABSTRACT Gold losses related to carbonaceous mat-

ter (CM) during processing are a significant problem in the gold processing industry. Inherent CM in gold ores can behave similarly to activated carbon in its ability to adsorb gold cyanide. This phenomenon is termed preg-robbing as the surface adsorbed gold cannot, for the most part, be recovered. Research has identified that gold adsorption by inherent CM is linked to the specific surface area, pore structure, degree of C disorder, and surface functional groups. One of the strategies to inhibit CM preg-robbing prior to leaching is chemical oxidation, a process linked to modification of the surface functionality. In this study, the variability in gold cyanide adsorption due to oxidation with different reagents was investigated. Variability in gold cyanide adsorption by CM is examined in relation to structural and surface modifications using TOF-SIMS, XPS, and Raman spectroscopy.

ROOM NUMBER: PLAZA A - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: PROCESS MODELLING - MON PM1 14:00 14:00 – Paper No.: 9373 The Prediction of Carbon-in-Leach Gold Recovery Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Jeffrey Olson, Barrick Cortez Inc. ABSTRACT A model was developed to use near-

infrared (NIR) analysis of pulverized ore samples to estimate the recoverable gold content for ores from the Barrick Cortez Hills underground mine. Current routing practice uses a ratio of the cyanide soluble gold content and fire assayed gold (CN/FA) to classify ores as oxide or refractory. Prediction accuracy of the NIR model was equivalent to the CN/FA ratio. Prediction accuracy was improved by combining the CN/FA ratio and the NIR spectra. Bootstrap validation estimates the root-mean-square error to be 9.92% with an estimated r-squared value of 0.893. This model will allow more accurate estimates of the variability in recoverable gold content throughout this mine. These data will aid in building an improved geometallurgical model or in making better informed routing decisions during the production cycle.

14:25 – Paper No.: 9645 Modeling the Cyanide Consumption in Leaching of Gold Ores Based on the Amount and Liberation Degree of Cyanicides Mohammad Reza Khalesi, Yaser Kianinia, Mahmoud Abdollahi, and Ahmad Khodadadi Darban, Tarbiat Modares University ABSTRACT In leaching of gold ores, cyanide is con-

sumed due to the formation of metal-cyanide complexes, its hydrolysis to hydrogen cyanide, and also oxidation and formation of cyanide-related anions such as cyanate and thiocyanate. Solution chemistry, mineralogy of the ore, and the exposure of cyanicides to the solution determine the degree of cyanide consumption. In this paper, a methodology is presented for estimating the cyanide consumption by modeling the minerals and gold leaching kinetics and speciation of all possible cyanide-related species in the solution based on thermodynamic calculations in MATLAB. To calibrate the model, leaching experiments were conducted on pyrite, chalcopyrite, pyrite+chalcopyrite, and pyrite+chalcopyrite+gold systems followed by Cu, Fe, and Au determination in the solution. Comparison between model predictions and experimental data showed that the developed model could successfully estimate the cyanide consumption based on the calculated concentration of formed species during the process in different solution chemistry and mineralogical systems.

ROOM NUMBER: GEORGIA A - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: ENVIRONMENTAL: MERCURY AND ARSENIC REMEDIATION - MON PM1 14:00 14:00 – Paper No.: 9544 Sulfurization of Mercury from Gold Production Using a Planetary Ball Mill Masaki Takaoka Kyoto University Yeonuk Choi, Barrick Gold Corporation Shunta Nakamura, Kyoto University Yoshiyuki Mizuno, Kurimoto Ltd. Taketoshi Kusakabe, Kyoto University ABSTRACT Mercury is produced as a byproduct from

gold mines. The mercury is transferred to recyclers and used for various industrial processes and products. However, under the Minamata Convention on Mercury adopted in 2013, the intentional use of mercury in processes or products will be minimized in the world. Surplus elemental mercury should be treated as a hazardous waste. Consequently, the elemental mercury should be converted to a more stable chemical form for long-

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term storage or permanent disposal. A stabilization method has been developed to react the mercury with sulfur using a planetary ball mill. The planetary ball mill can produce high-energy conditions and enable samples to react within a short period of time. A series of tests was conducted to confirm that mercury sulfide can be produced using a bench- scale machine with 2400 mL of pot. Under suitable experimental conditions (25 mm ball diameter, 40% of ball filling rate and 1.05 molar ratio of S/Hg), the powdered mercury sulfide product was successfully obtained in 20 minutes. The leachability and atmospheric emission from the product was extremely low. This stabilization method will contribute to environmentally sound mercury waste management in the gold industry.

14:25 – Paper No.: 9548 Removal of Arsenic from Gold Processing Circuits by Use of Novel Magnetic Nanoparticles Jacobus Eksteen, Chong Feng, Chris Aldrich, and Damien Arrigan, Curtin University ABSTRACT Arsenic adversely affects gold mining

operations by interfering with the extraction of gold, as well as posing a significant health and environmental hazard. While a number of technologies are available for the removal of arsenic, none of them is effective under all conditions. Although adsorption is a promising approach, most methods focus on the purification of water under neutral or acidic conditions and tend to be less effective in gold mining and metallurgical processing waters operating under highly alkaline conditions. In this study, the removal or As(III) and As(V) from simulated mining process waters by use of composite magnetic nanoparticles was investigated. The particles consisted of maghemite (Fe2O3) cores covered by various metal oxides with Langmuir adsorption capacities of As(III) and As(V) ranging from 31 to 76 mg/g and 10 to 25 mg/g, respectively, at pH 9. The ability to remove As(III) is of particular importance because it is harder to precipitate and remove it from alkaline solutions. Moreover, the magnetic nanoparticles retained their capacities well after multiple cycles of regeneration. The magnetic cores allow simple and efficient magnetic recovery of the As-loaded particles.

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14:50 – Paper No.: 9542 A New Approach to Accessing Gold in Arsenopyrite Gabriel Garcia Curiel, Romain Barbaroux, David Lemieux, Khalil Nasrallah, and Jean-Marc Lalancette, Dundee Sustainable Technologies ABSTRACT Dundee Sustainable Technologies (DST)

has developed a processing technology to sequester arsenic by means of vitrification. This method effectively sequesters arsenic by integrating it in a silica glass solid solution. The resulting arsenical glass made by this approach has been shown to be stable as per the Toxicity Leaching Characteristic Procedure (TCLP) or EPA Method 1311. This approach was demonstrated on arsenic trioxide dusts and is now being presented in the context of arsenopyrite gold mineralization. In a highly- publicized case, a total of 240,000 t of arsenic trioxide waste were produced at the Giant Mine site following the sustained exploitation of an arsenopyrite gold deposit. Arsenic trioxide wastes were not remediated and constitute a present-day environmental threat. Arsenic trioxide is highly soluble and lethal in small doses (LD50 of 15 mg As/kg). The current best available technology for remediating arsenic is the complexation of arsenic into scorodite (crystalline hydrated ferric arsenate). However, the relatively high costs and technical challenges associated with this remediation method have limited its application and consequently the exploitation of arsenopyrite gold deposits. In this paper, vitrification is being presented as a cost-effective and environmentallyacceptable remediation approach for remediating the arsenic from arsenopyrite gold deposits.

ROOM NUMBER: REGENCY DEF - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: EXTRACTIVE METALLURGY: PREG-ROBBING II MON PM2 15:40 15:40 – Paper No.: 9608 Characterization of Carbonaceous Matter Associated with Preg-Robbing Ores Jing Liu, Zihe Ren, and Tianbi Zhang, University of British Columbia Marcus Tomlinson, Goldcorp Inc. Edouard Asselin, University of British Columbia ABSTRACT Raman spectroscopy is used to quantify

the extent of disorder in the carbonaceous matter associated with preg-robbing ores. Previous studies of Goldstrike ores showed that the height and width of the peaks for the “D” (disordered) and “G” (graphite) bands, the so-called “Raman ratio” had a strong correlation to the preg-robbing value (PRV)

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measured for various ore samples. A brief literature review on Raman spectroscopy as it applies to preg-robbing ores is presented. Further, recent studies, presented here, have shown no correlation between the Raman ratio and the PRV for a wide variety of ores. This suggests that the extent of organic carbon crystal disorder is not the main factor in determining preg-robbing characteristics.

16:05 – Paper No.: 9403 Effects of Blinding Reagents on the Adsorption Behavior of Carbon Concentrates: An Electrochemical Study Jing Liu, Zihe Ren, University of British Columbia Marcus Tomlinson, Goldcorp Inc. Edouard Asselin, University of British Columbia ABSTRACT Organic carbon blinding is a common, yet

often partial, solution to the reduction of preg-robbing. A quantitative method to assess the extent of adsorption of a given blinding agent is presented herein. The adsorption of several blinding reagents on various carbon samples is quantified using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Preg-robbing potential experiments were performed in parallel to compare the EIS results with a standard method. In addition, scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectra are presented for selected carbon samples.

ROOM NUMBER: PLAZA A - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: COMMINUTION AND MINERAL PROCESSING MON PM2 15:40 15:40 – Paper No.: 9447 What is the Net Benefit of a Gravity Circuit? Teresa McGrath, William Staunton, and Alan Bax, Curtin University Gold Technology Group ABSTRACT The Curtin Gold Technology Group has

been involved in surveying, modelling, and optimizing batch centrifugal concentrator type gravity circuits and carbon-in-pulp/carbon-in-leach circuits for nearly two decades. The most commonly asked question regarding gravity recovery is, “What is the benefit of a gravity circuit”, which can be hard, if not impossible, to quantify. With the help of the AMIRA P420 Integrated Liberation Leach Model (ILLM) it is now possible to evaluate the influence of gravity recovery on total gold recovery when changes are made to the grind size, gravity, and/or leach/adsorption circuits. This paper demonstrates how the ILLM can be used to determine the net benefit of introducing or modifying a gravity circuit

and assess the effect of operating conditions (grind size, coarse gold size distribution, leach residence time, carbon activity, etc.) on plant performance.

16:05 – Paper No.: 9471 Applicability of the HIT for Evaluating Comminution and Geomechanical Parameters from Drill Core Samples – The Odyssey Project Case Study Yanick Bergeron, Agnico Eagle Mines Limited Toni Kojovic, SimSAGe Marie-des-Neiges Gagnon, Mine Canadian Malartic Patrice Okono, Université Laval ABSTRACT In the mining industry, decisions on the

type and number of comminution tests to be completed are typically made based on geologists’ observations and conclusions when studying drill cores. Because these decisions are based on visual observations, they are essentially approximate and often inaccurate from a comminution viewpoint, causing a sizeable margin of error in estimating characterization test needs. Consequently, companies are often forced to perform more tests than necessary, requiring a significant quantity of material, and accruing significant costs. Recently a new device has been developed, called the Hardness Index Tester (or HIT), which offers users a low cost in-house mechanism for estimating the comminution parameter A x b and Bond Wi any mine site, with potential applications on fragments up to 25 mm from drill core. In late 2016, AEML initiated a trial to investigate if having a HIT device installed in a core repository would make it possible to identify the different rock properties more accurately and determine the number and type of comminution tests required. The application of HIT was not to replace the standard comminution tests, but instead generate a high number of comminution and geomechanical parameters for the rock mass. Ultimately the objective would be to determine the uniformity of the rock mass and, therefore, easily distinguish any potentially problematic zones. With this method, the appropriate number of standard tests could be determined, making the HIT not only an excellent complement to the standard laboratory tests, but also an indispensable device for a potential geometallurgical characterization. This paper presents the results from the HIT trial using samples from the Odyssey project, which is a Mine Canadian Malartic propriety.

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16:30 – Paper No.: 9602 Gravity Recovery of Gold-Bearing Sulphides in a Milling Circuit Robert Dunne, Rob Dunne Consulting Dave Wiseman, David Wiseman Pty Ltd ABSTRACT In many gold deposits, a reasonable

amount of the gold that remains in the cyanide leach tailing is associated with pyrite. Some gold plants have found it economical to incorporate gravity circuits on the cyanide leach tailing to recover the gold-bearing pyrite before subjecting it to fine grinding, then recycling the ground pyrite back to the cyanide leach circuit. For low- grade gold deposits, the loss of gold-bearing pyrite is exacerbated as the broader process economics normally favour a coarse grind (>150 um). An option that has received attention over the last decade is to recover the gold bearing sulphides in the milling circuit by gravity, similar to the widelypracticed gravity recovery of free liberated gold. The modelling and simulation of a gravity gold circuit in a milling flowsheet is relatively simple compared with a gold bearing pyrite circuit, as the recycle advantages and breakage functions for gold and pyrite are quite different. This paper reports a first attempt to simulate the gravity recovery of gold bearing sulphides in a milling circuit that also incorporates fine grinding and is based on testwork data from an actual gold plant data. The economics of this type of circuit are also discussed.

ROOM NUMBER: GEORGIA A - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: OPERATIONS: IMPROVING GOLD RECOVERY I MON PM2 15:40 15:40 – Paper No.: 9348 What to Do with CIL Carbon Fines? IAMGOLD’s Innovative Solution Veronique Aube, IAMGOLD Corporation S. Bellec, Soutex Mohamed Ourriban, Mohammed Barakate, Moulay Rachid Eddahabi, and Younes Chaik, IAMGOLD Essakane SA M. Deshaies, and J. Girard, IAMGOLD Corporation ABSTRACT The activated carbon used in the Carbon-

In-Leach (CIL) process to absorb gold is subject to breakage. One can minimize the carbon breakage, but there will always be the necessity to deal with carbon fines. These fines contain a significant amount of gold and mines generally struggle with the treatment of this product. IAMGOLD’s Essakane mine is located in Burkina Faso. Shipment out of the country was not considered as a

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viable solution due to the logistical burden and legal procedures in place. A benchmarking study demonstrated the complexity to treat carbon fines on site. IAMGOLD partnered with the host government to find an innovative approach to economically recover at Essakane the gold contained in the fines. This paper describes the new circuits installed and commissioned in July 2016 to improve the carbon fines collection, incinerate the fine carbon, and extract the gold in the ashes produced by incineration and leaching. Essakane’s new circuits successfully demonstrate that it is possible to extract more than 94% of the gold content in the carbon fines. This is profitable for the company because it allows for improvement of the overall mill recovery by 1.0 to 1.5% and significantly decreases the gold inventory on site.

16:05 – Paper No.: 9365 Otjikoto Mill Leach Operation in 2015–2016 Guy Deschenes, BBA Eric Barnard, John Tero, Setta Mbalamba, and Andreas Nashitati, Otjikoto Mine John Rajala, B2Gold Corporation ABSTRACT The Otjikoto Mine, owned at 90% by

B2Gold Corporation, is located 300 km north of Namibia’s capital city of Windhoek. The reserves from the open pit mine, estimated at 25.9 million tons with an average grade of 1.28 g/t Au, contain gangue minerals, pyrite, and pyrrhotite, and have an estimated 10 year mine life. Commercial operation started on February 28, 2015. Gold recovery and production were 98.4% and 145,696 ounces, respectively, for 2015 and 98.0% and 151,614 ounces, respectively, for 2016 through November. Coarse gold is recovered with Knelson concentrators (recovery of 62% PTD). Gravity tails from three composites representing the major ore types were used to determine the optimum leaching strategy. The XR3 sample (used for optimization) contained 0.32 g/t Au, while the XR2 and XR1 gravity tails samples (used for variability) contained 0.30 and 0.47 g/t Au, respectively. The optimum leaching conditions were: a pre-treatment of 7 h at pH 10.5 with 100 g/t lead nitrate, DO > 5 ppm followed by cyanidation at 300 ppm NaCN, pH 10.0, DO > 5 ppm for 48 h. The gold extraction was 91.5% and the cyanide consumption was 0.19 kg/t NaCN. Increasing the DO concentration to 16 ppm did not show any benefits. No pre-treatment or a shorter pre-treatment period reduced the gold leaching kinetics. The XR2 and XR1 gravity tails samples had

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gold extractions of 92.9 and 92.3%, respectively. At the plant scale, an 11 h pre-treatment is used followed by 42 h cyanidation, with 250 ppm NaCN and an average DO of 8 ppm and 200 g/t lead nitrate. The cyanide consumption is 0.3–0.4 kg/t NaCN. Details of the flowsheet are discussed in this paper, along with the gold recovery by gravity and determination of leaching parameters.

16:30 – Paper No.: 9596 Incremental Process Improvements at the Pogo Mill Jason Pyecha, J. Sliwinski, Hideki Kikutani, David Larimer, and Jasper Todd Atwood, Sumitomo Metal Mining Pogo LLC ABSTRACT The Pogo mine start-up milling targets of

2005 are vastly different than the targets of today. Initial improvements were driven by unintentional design oversight and differences between the feasibility study samples and the actual run-of-mine ore. Through the designed life of mine, continual circuit optimization further improved performance. With the life of mine extending, optimization has focused on changing mineralogy. The more significant process improvements to date have occurred in the gravity, flotation and leach/CIP unit operations. The significant design changes and results are presented in detail.

Tuesday, August 29 ROOM NUMBER: REGENCY DEF - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: WORLD GOLD PANEL - TUE AM1 8:00 8:00 – Paper No.: 9773 Panel Discussion: Can Innovation Sustain the Glitter of Gold? Moderator: Engin Özberk, Special Advisor to the CEO, Mitacs & to the Vice President Research, University of Saskatchewan Panelists: David Dreisinger, Professor, Materials Engineering, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of British Columbia Simon Hille, Vice President, Metallurgy & Process, Goldcorp Peter D. Kondos, Sr. Director, Strategic Technology Solutions, Barrick Gold Corporation Fiona Morgan, Managing Director & CEO, Mintrex Pty Ltd. Nathan Stubina, Managing Director of Innovation, McEwen Mining ABSTRACT Among all the metals, gold is one of the

few that has succeeded in maintaining its “glitter” over the last decade. How much of it is “innovation” and how much of it is “the market conditions”? The panelists will discuss “Gold innovation over the last decade and what should be the focus of innovation over the next decade”.

ROOM NUMBER: REGENCY DEF - 3RD FLOOR SESSION: EXTRACTIVE METALLURGY: PRESSURE OXIDATION - TUE AM2 10:05 10:05 – Paper No.: 9661 Redox Potential Measurement during Pressure Oxidation (POX) of a Refractory Gold Ore Igor Guzman, Steven J. Thorpe, and Vladimiros G. Papangelakis, University of Toronto ABSTRACT Pressure oxidation (POX) leaching has

been commercially applied to refractory gold ores since the 1980s. In the process, sulfide material is oxidized and dissolved in order to release the gold encapsulated in the sulfide matrix, making the gold available for further recovery. Redox potential is a significant parameter during POX, however it is only measured ex-situ at atmospheric conditions. In-situ redox potential measurement would provide instant information that allowing adjusting the process parameters accordingly. In the present study, redox potential measurements were performed during POX of sulfide material at high temperature and high pressure. The working electrode was an Ir electrode combined with reference

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electrode in a novel and robust configuration. Experiments were performed in a 2 L titanium autoclave, at 200–220°C and 50–110 psi oxygen overpressure. Temperature and oxygen pressure conditions were selected in order to reflect POX of refractory gold ores. Results show that the Ir electrode is consistent with theory and is able to perform well under the conditions, showing promise as a new in-situ sensor.

10:30 – Paper No.: 9369 Characterization of Solid Phases in the Iron-Sulfate-Water System Where Silver is Present Ajanthia Gunaratnam and David Bruce Dreisinger, University of British Columbia Yeonuk Choi, Barrick Gold Corporation ABSTRACT A pressure oxidation (POX)-hot cure (HC)-

lime boil (LB) process is used in industry to recover silver from refractory gold sulfide ores containing minerals such as pyrite and arsenopyrite. POX is used to oxidize minerals and liberate occluded gold particles. As such, iron goes into solution and under acidic and high temperature conditions often precipitates as basic iron sulfate (BFS). BFS consumes excess lime during neutralization prior to cyanidation. Therefore, a HC stage is required to re-dissolve BFS back into solution. BFS re-dissolution consumes acid and produces ferric sulfate. In the presence of silver, these conditions favor the slow formation of silver jarosite. Silver jarosite is refractory to cyanidation, and must be broken down prior to cyanidation. This is done in the LB to produce a cyanide-soluble silver hydroxide. A study was conducted to investigate parameters that affect the precipitates that form in each stage of the POX-HC-LB process.

10:55 – Paper No.: 9370 Ferric Sulphate Precipitation at Gold Pressure Oxidation Conditions Ambrosia Ivana, William Hawker, and James Vaughan, The University of Queensland ABSTRACT Pressure oxidation is widely applied to lib-

erate gold from refractory sulfide ore and concentrates with over fifteen autoclaves currently operating. Despite the importance of pressure oxidation, the autoclave chemistry and chemical thermodynamics are not well established. For example, there is no agreement on the aqueous iron speciation or stability of jarosite phases. Additionally, there remains a question about whether

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basic ferric sulfate is an intermediate precipitate or a stable phase at temperature. In addition to a review of the current state of knowledge, a methodology to systematically study the ferric precipitation reaction is presented, which will be used to define the phase boundaries of the iron precipitates (hematite, jarosite and basic ferric sulfate).

11:20 – Paper No.: 9528 Pressure Oxidation in Gold Circuits: Basic Ferric Arsenate Sulphate and Basic Ferric Sulphate Behaviour in Downstream Processing Jakolien Strauss and Volha Yahorava, Mintek Mario Alberto Gomez, Institute of Environmental Protection, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology ABSTRACT It is accepted widely that pressure oxida-

tion (POX) is the most appropriate technology for processing of arsenic containing refractory gold ores. However, studies on the stability of various iron-arsenic precipitates formed during POX are limited. Since the behaviour of these phases could have significant practical implications for gold processing plants, it is important to study them in isolation. This paper compares two synthetic precipitates, basic ferric arsenate sulphate (BFAS) and basic ferric sulphate (BFS) in terms of their formation, behaviour during hot curing and cyanidation, as well as their environmental stability. BFS and BFAS were synthesised hydrothermally at 205°C and their mineralogy was confirmed using various techniques. During synthesis, the addition of H3AsO4 into an aqueous Fe2(SO4)3-H2SO4 mixture significantly decreased the iron yield to BFAS in comparison to BFS under equimolar initial iron and acid concentrations. The BFAS dissolution kinetics was slightly faster, as compared to BFS, during subsequent hot curing. Cyanidation test work on the washed synthetic precipitates indicated that the lime consumption of BFAS was three times lower in comparison to BFS, while cyanide consumptions were comparable. Fresh BFS and BFAS precipitates, as well as their cyanidation residues, were found to pass the respective environmental tests in terms of arsenic release.

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11:45 – Paper No.: 9571 Start-up and Operation of the Aga Mineração Refractory Gold Pressure Oxidation Plant Robert Ellenwood, Michael Collins, James Dennett, M. Faris, Vijay Reddy, and Nigel Tuffrey, Sherritt International Corporation Alderney Moreira and Magno Antonio, AngloGold Ashanti Córrego do Sítio Mineração ABSTRACT In January 2012, AngloGold Ashanti Cór-

rego do Sítio Mineração, with assistance from Sherritt International Corporation, commissioned a new autoclave for the pressure oxidation of refractory gold feeds at their Córrego do Sítio operation in Brazil. Startup of the plant occurred in a few weeks and enhanced gold recovery was realized almost immediately. This paper describes the startup and commissioning of the plant and provides an update on the performance of the plant over the last five years.

ROOM NUMBER: PLAZA A - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: MINERALOGY AND CHARACTERIZATION: GEOMETALLURGY - TUE AM2 10:05 10:05 – Paper No.: 9304 Geometallurgy – The Key to Improving Your Mine Value Chain Leendert (Leon) Lorenzen, Lorenzen Consultants Bradley Frater, Mintrex Pty Ltd. ABSTRACT Geometallurgy or process mineralogy is

an integrated part of the scoping, pre-feasibility, and feasibility phases of a project. A well planned and executed geometallurgical testwork program during the early phases will result in a more accurate decision-making process during the selection phase. The better this integration between geology and metallurgy data gathering during early phases, the more accurate will be the predictions with regards to throughput and recovery during modelling and process and equipment selection in later phases, and the better the mine and process scheduling and subsequent NPV. Geometallurgy is also an integral part of an existing operation. Geometallurgical information gathered during plant operation can be used to statistically model the plant performance and be used as an off-line decision-making tool to control and optimize the plant for certain feed material (characterized by statistical models. The results from a well-designed geometallurgical program can be used for:

• Better flowsheet design (more flexible)

• Better use of algorithms for throughput and recovery in resource and reserve models -Better use of the mining schedule to optimize plant performance • Better plant and equipment design and sizing

• Optimizing plant performance and forecasting

• Reducing risk in subsequent phases

• Enabling economics to be maximized

10:30 – Paper No.: 9455 Applications of an Integrated Gold Deportment Methodology for Metallurgical Diagnostics Aparup Chattopadhyay, Integrated Process Mineralogy Solutions Inc. Stamen Dimov and Brian Hart, Surface Science Western John Jiang, AuTec Innovative Extractive Solutions Barun Gorain, Barrick Gold Corporation ABSTRACT This paper presents a systematic

approach to diagnostic metallurgy using an integrated gold deportment methodology for complex refractory gold and copper- gold ore bodies. Quantification of gold deportment is a challenging task for these ore bodies due to very low head grades, highly variable proportions of visible and invisible gold content in different sulfides and iron oxide phases, presence of disseminated and composite carbonaceous matter, and associations of various copper sulfide phases. Case studies are presented to demonstrate the value of a high confidence gold deportment methodology in developing insights for problem diagnostics and to identify opportunities for metallurgical improvements.

10:55 – Paper No.: 9689 Geometallurgical and Mineralogical Characterization of Gold Ores Jing Li, Xiamen Zijin Technology of Mining and Metallurgy Ltd. Joe Zhou, Xiamen Zijin Technology of Mining and Metallurgy Ltd., State Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Low Grade Refractory Gold Ores, and Joe Zhou Mineralogy Limited ABSTRACT The extractive metallurgy of gold and cop-

per-gold ores is largely driven by their grade and mineralogy. The concentration of gold in the crust is extremely low and highly variable, resulting ore variability in many gold and copper-gold deposits. More importantly, gold in an ore may occur in two or three forms (i.e. microscopic gold, submicroscopic gold and surface gold), making gold ore processing extremely challenging. The objective of gold geometallurgy is to reduce and minimize the technical risk in project evaluation, plant design, mine planning, and production forecasting through

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geometallurgical modelling, representative sampling, and subsequent systematic mineralogical and metallurgical testwork. Geometallurgy is a technique to document variability within an orebody and quantify and evaluate the impact of many factors including geology and mineralogy on grinding, flotation, leaching, and metal recovery processes. This paper provides an overview of geometallurgy fundamentals and applications in gold and copper-gold ore processing, with a focus on the ore characterization and gold deportment study.

ROOM NUMBER: GEORGIA A - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: ENVIRONMENTAL: NOVEL METHODS OF GOLD RECOVERY - TUE AM2 10:05 10:05 – Paper No.: 9552 Gold Solubility in Smelting Slags for the Recycling of Industrial and Mining Wastes Joo Hyun Park, Hanyang University Hyunsik Park, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) ABSTRACT Gold is one of the most valuable and pre-

cious metals. But, the extraction efficiency of gold from natural resources is very low and labor-intensive due to very low concentration of gold, i.e. 1–5 ppm, which means that gold extraction processes produce extensive amounts of tailings. The gold content in PCB of mobile phone is about 100 to 400 ppm, which is enormously greater than that found in natural ores. Consequently, a requirement for recycling waste PCB and gold mine tailings becomes increasing for maintaining sustainable society. Because the pyrometallurgical processes are issued due to economic reasons, it is needed to understand the thermodynamic behavior of gold in smelting slag under oxidizing and reducing atmosphere at high temperatures. In this study, the effect of slag chemistry, oxygen potential and temperature on gold solubility in smelting slag will be discussed.

10:30 – Paper No.: 9598 Adapting Gold Flotation Techniques to Resource Recovery from Municipal Waste Doug Warkentin, Kemetco Research Inc. Michael Rowley, EnviroAsh Technologies Inc. ABSTRACT With high commodity prices, tightening

operating budgets, and increasing disposal costs, there is an increasing interest in processing munic-

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ipal waste streams, such as the ash derived from combustion processes. This paper describes laboratory development work for a process to recover metal values from the finer fractions of these wastes. The work was initially aimed at recovery of copper and the removal of lead and other heavy metals from the ash residue, but results showed gold and silver recovery to be an important objective as well. The process uses gravity and flotation as the principal separation steps, with gold recovery occurring mainly in the flotation stage. The particle size range and chemistry of the ash presented numerous challenges to developing a suitable flotation method, but an effective flowsheet was developed by separating the ash into a fine fraction and a separate slime fraction, each with a unique flotation strategy. Specialized conditioning stages and careful reagent selection have resulted in effective gold and silver recovery from a range of ash types and sources. The work has resulted in a patent being issued for a process based on this novel approach to the treatment of combustion wastes.

10:55 – Paper No.: 9623 Plasma Smelting of Unconventional Ores and Mine Residues for the Recovery of Precious Metals Tim Johnson, Tetronics International A. Vathavooran, Tetra Tech ABSTRACT Conventional mining operations can pro-

duce a wide range of wastes containing gold and other precious metals but which are unsuitable for processing by traditional methods. There are also types of ore that do not fit easily into a traditional processing flowsheet (e.g., because the particle size is too fine for traditional processes or because they occur in locations remote or with unusual compositions). Nevertheless, these potential sources of valuable metals remain unexploited resources that have attracted growing interest in the metals and mining industries over recent years. The challenge is therefore to develop and use alternative processing methods that have the flexibility of operation to cope with a wide variety of material types and tonnages, whilst retaining high recovery efficiency for valuable metals. Tetronics’ DC plasma smelting technology achieves industry-leading recovery rates for precious metals from a wide range of input materials and initial precious metal concentrations, whilst generating an inert slag-based material as a by-product (even when starting from a hazardous waste input material), approved within

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the European Union for use in construction applications. This paper describes how this technology can be used as key part of an overall process for the recovery of precious metals from these interesting materials.

11:20 – Paper No.: 9755 A Systematic Experimental Study on Gold Recovery from Electronic Waste Using Selective Ammonium Persulfate Oxidation Maria Holuszko, University of British Columbia Andrea Alzate, Esperanza López, and Claudia Serna, GIPIMME Research Group, Department of Materials Engineering, University of Antioquia Oberlando Gonzalez, Ingeniería, Suministros y Montajes S.A.S, INSUMON S.A.S ABSTRACT This paper presents a systematic

approach on gold recovery from electronic waste (e-waste) using ammonium persulfate. This process was developed as a response to the lack of hydrometallurgical systems capable of separating gold from its metallic substrate without material grinding, with minimum formation of pollutants, and achieving a lower reaction time. Computer memory boards, electronic processors and electronic pins and contacts were analyzed to determinate base metals (Ni, Fe, Cu) and gold (Au) using microwave plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (MP-AES). An aqueous commercial grade ammonium persulfate with oxygen and pressure was used to produce the persulfate anion (S2O82–) and the oxidative sulfate ion (SO42–), which partially oxidized and leached the base metals breaking the Au-Ni-Fe-Cu bonds and allowing gold to be recovered in its original non-leaching state. The influence of the oxidative parameters was evaluated using full factorial (FF) and central composite designs (CCD) with response surface methodology (RSM) and first and second order models were developed. Using RSM allowed to obtain a faster recovery of gold, minimizing the agent consumption. The findings presented suggest that optimized quantities of ammonium persulfate, oxygen, pressure, temperature and liquid solid ratio could be used for selective oxidization of the base metals and to extract more than 96% of gold from e-waste.

ROOM NUMBER: PLAZA A - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: EXTRACTIVE METALLURGY: CYANIDE LEACHING AND ALTERNATIVES I - TUE PM1 14:00 14:00 – Paper No.: 9564 Effect of Dissolved Oxygen on Pre-Oxidation and Cyanidation of Gold Ore Containing Sulfide Minerals: A Review Rina Kim and Ahmad Ghahreman, Queen’s University Michel Epiney, Air Liquide Canada ABSTRACT Pre-oxidation and cyanide leaching

behavior of gold in the presence of sulfide minerals were reviewed, focused on the effects of oxygen injection in the gold leaching process. Generally, pre-oxidation and gold leaching kinetics from iron sulfide refractory minerals, such as pyrite, pyrrhotite, marcasite, pentlandite and arsenopyrite, can be enhanced with higher dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration. However, most of copper sulfide minerals dissolved well both in water and cyanide solutions, and copper from the minerals consumed DO and cyanide to oxidize and leach. Only in the presence of chalcopyrite, gold leaching effectively occurred with increasing DO concentration. However, chalcocite and covellite severely retarded gold leaching. Stibnite, an antimony mineral, formed a passive film on the gold surface under any DO conditions, and it slowed gold leaching. This impeding effect can be alleviated by leaching at low pH or adding lead salt. Using oxygen and lead together can make synergistic effect in oxidation of sulfide minerals and can enhance gold extraction. Depending on the mineralogical characteristics of the ore, the optimum DO and lead concentrations can be optimized. However, lead can cause environmental problems, and so its dosage should be minimized or eliminated by substituting it with oxygen injection.

14:25 – Paper No.: 9646 Biopolymers for Anti-Scaling in Leaching Processes Rolf Andreas Lauten and C. Bergstrand, Pionera ABSTRACT Precipitation of gypsum and the forma-

tion of scale may pose a serious challenge in the leaching of several minerals. As an example, precipitated gypsum may form scale in the machines increasing the need for maintenance. Alternatively, it may encapsulate precious elements (i.e., gold) and lower the recovery during subsequent leach processes. In this work, we explore how different biopolymers modify the rheology of gypsum sus-

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pensions at pH below and above the point of zero charge at ambient and elevated temperatures. The ability to disperse gypsum and prevent formation of scale varies with temperature, pH and biopolymer structure and is inversely related to the scaling potential. Measurements of the zeta potential as a function of increasing amounts of biopolymer reveals that the magnitude of the zeta potential vary with biopolymer composition and the ability to disperse the gypsum suspension. Similar results with other substrates will also be discussed. The methodology and results may aid in the selection of additives used in mineral processing applications where scale formation poses a problem.

14:50 – Paper No.: 9568 Electrochemical Investigation of the Effect of Dissolved Oxygen on Gold Cyanidation in the Presence of Sulfidic Refractory Ores Rina Kim and Ahmad Ghahreman, Queen’s University Michel Epiney, Air Liquide Canada ABSTRACT In the presence of sulfidic refractory ores,

increasing the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration can positively affect the gold leaching rate. To identify the role of DO in gold cyanidation, electrochemical behavior was studied in the presence of three sulfidic ores. Sample 1 was a low-sulfide (3.09% S) pyrite ore containing 12 ppm Au, 14 ppm Ag, 3.31% Fe, and 550 ppm Pb. Sample 2 was also a pyrite ore, containing more sulfide (8.35% S), 8 ppm Au, 200 ppm Ag, 6.34% Fe, and 0.56% Pb. Sample 3 was a silicate ore, containing 75 ppm Au, 8 ppm Ag, 2.75% Fe, 0.13% Pb and only 0.18% S. Gold cyanidation kinetics were studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) tests. For Sample 1, the gold oxidation peak current density from CV curve was increased to 1.5 mA/cm2 with 40 ppm DO, while the peak current density was only 1.0 mA/cm2 at 8 ppm DO. However, for Sample 2, the gold oxidation peak was the highest at a medium DO concentration of 10 ppm (1.9 mA/cm2), and it was lower at 40 ppm DO (1.5 mA/cm2). Sample 2 contained a higher content of sulfide minerals, and it seemed they impeded gold leaching under high DO conditions. In the presence of Sample 3, the gold oxidation peak was the highest among three ores—2.5 mA/cm2 under 40 ppm DO, because of its lowest sulfide content.

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ROOM NUMBER: GEORGIA A - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: ENVIRONMENTAL: REDUCING WATER USAGE TUE PM1 14:00 14:00 – Paper No.: 9554 Evaluating the Transition to Filtered Tailings at Cerro Negro Andre Gagnon and Peter Lind, Goldcorp Inc. ABSTRACT Goldcorp has embarked upon an ambi-

tious, industry-leading, multi-year water use reduction effort. This is a proactive, voluntary effort that reflects our commitment to truly sustainable mining. This effort will focus on increasing water reuse and recycling, and reducing water inputs ultimately towards zero. All of our operating mines are expected to contribute to this effort and are currently in the process of developing plans to meet short- and long-term objectives. One of the largest needle movers to increase water re-use and recycling is in the area of tailings management. Within five to ten years at Goldcorp, it is envisioned that the need for wet tailings dams will be eliminated from all new Goldcorp tailings facilities consisting of only dewatered tailings. One component of dewatering is to filter the tailings. Filtered tailings is developing into a mature technology with wide application in mine tailings management. This paper describes a conceptual level evaluation on the transition from a slurried to a filtered tailings operation at the Cerro Negro mine in southern Argentina. Key benefits and challenges will be highlighted.

14:25 – Paper No.: 9601 Reducing Water Usage in Gold Treatment – What Is Possible Robert Dunne, Rob Dunne Consulting Eric Spiller, Colorado School of Mines ABSTRACT Water and cyanide are highly contentious

and conflict issues that many gold mining companies encounter worldwide when dealing with local farming communities, industries, and cities competing for water, as well as non-government and government organizations. Historically the gold industry has used processes that required minimum amounts of water to treat and recover gold at locations around the world. Examples are dry grinding for refractory gold treatment in the late 1800s and early 1900s and dry blowing in arid/desert regions to recover alluvial gold. In recent times, new dry processing equipment has been developed such as air tables and jigs.

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Researchers have also modified a Knelson concentrator to concentrate gold from dry solids. High pressure grinding rolls with air classifiers are used to treat industrial minerals and pilot trials have shown that the technology can be applied to comminute refractory gold ores ahead of roasting. Dry stacked tailings have also been applied on some gold mines to reduce overall water consumption. This paper will review the available technologies that, in combination, may be able to substantially reduce the quantity of water used in the processing gold ores.

14:50 – Paper No.: 9485 Water Recycle in Gold, Nickel, and Copper Minerals Flotation Maziar E. Sauber, Sean Langley, and Saviz Mortazavi, CanmetMINING, Natural Resources Canada ABSTRACT Responsible water management is one of

the key aspects of sustainable development in the mining industry. Today, most mines recycle water to retain it within the mine’s closed loop to minimize fresh water intake. However, water related issues continue to have undesirable economic and environmental impacts on mining and mineral processing practices. The process water used in mineral processing plants comprises recycled and make- up water streams for which different sources could be considered. Usage of alternative water sources, while managing the water quality fluctuation, requires a complete insight into causes of water quality fluctuations and how these variations can affect the overall grade and flotation recovery. This paper provides an overview of the beneficial and detrimental effects of various parameters affecting the quality of process water on flotation efficiency of gold, nickel and copper. The paper also discusses process measures to mitigate water quality impact on flotation efficiency.

ROOM NUMBER: GEORGIA A - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: ENVIRONMENTAL: CYANIDE MEASUREMENT AND DESTRUCTION - TUE PM2 15:40

Code and meet ever more stringent discharge limits. Currently, the most common chemical cyanide destruction processes used in industry are sulfur dioxide/air, hydrogen peroxide, and Caro’s acid. The cyanide destruction process used at an operation must reliably generate streams of acceptable quality at all times, and depends on numerous factors, including permit discharge requirements, tailings chemistry, location, site-specific climatic conditions, and size of the operation. Selecting the most appropriate cyanide destruction process and determining the process design criteria requires accurate laboratory testing. This paper presents and discusses the results of a number of cyanide destruction evaluations that have been conducted to reduce cyanide concentration in process solutions or cyanidation tails. Laboratory testing provides important insights into reagent consumption and other factors required to achieve residual weak acid dissociable cyanide levels below 1 ppm.

16:05 – Paper No.: 9398 Cyanide Analysis: A Review Lori Manoukian and Noelene Ahern, AuTec Innovative Extractive Solutions ABSTRACT Cyanide is a leaching agent for precious

metals commonly used in gold ore processing. Cyanide exists in various forms (including free, complexed as weak or strong complexes, and as ions such as cyanate and thiocyanate), so its detection, speciation, and analysis in processing or environmental samples can be complex. This paper will review best practices for cyanide sampling and preservation in the field, interferences and pretreatment methods required prior to sample analysis and analytical methods that are used for cyanide species. Titrimetric, flow injection ligand exchange, spectrophotometric, colorimetric, potentiometric, amperometric, and chromatographic techniques will be discussed and their chemistries, advantages, and limitations will be described.

15:40 – Paper No.: 9648 Chemical Cyanide Destruction Process Selection Based on Laboratory Testing Anca Nacu and Randy Agius, Kemetco Research Inc. ABSTRACT Cyanide destruction technologies are

implemented at gold and silver operations to comply with the International Cyanide Management

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ROOM NUMBER: GEORGIA A - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: CHINA GOLD KEYNOTE TUE PM2 16:30

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

16:55 – Paper No.: 9779 KEYNOTE: The Development and Outlook of China’s Gold Industry Yongtao Zhang, China Gold Association

16:30 – Paper No.: 9778 KEYNOTE: Development of China’s Gold Processing and Smelting Technology Qiang Ji, Changchun Gold Design Institute ABSTRACT The mining and utilization of gold in China

has a long history of 3500 years, with the development from the original gold panning, gravity separation of rock gold to the successful application of pretreatment technology, such as the flotation, cyanidation (CCD, CIP, CIL), heap leaching (spraying and dripping), low cyanide non-toxic chemical leaching, biological oxidation, raw ore roasting, two stage roasting of concentrate, and hot-press oxidation, etc, especially the rapid promotion of R & D and automation of large-scale processing and smelting equipment. China has stood at the forefront of the world in the technical progress of gold processing and smelting. Compared with other gold producing countries in the world, China’s gold resources have the characteristics of “small, thin, scattered”, “poor, miscellaneous and fine” with poor endowment. In the face of such resources situation, it can continue to develop only through technological progress, and continuously improving the recovery rate and comprehensive utilization level, and reducing the production costs. Due to the progress of technology, China’s gold production ranks first in the world for seven consecutive years under the poor resource endowments. As a representative technical institution in gold industry of China, Changchun Gold Design Institute witness the history of gold technological development in modern China. We are willing to promote the friendship and strengthen technical communication with colleagues in the gold industry all over the world, so as to jointly make contribution to the development of international gold industry.

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Wednesday, August 30 ROOM NUMBER: PLAZA A - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: MINERALOGY AND CHARACTERIZATION: CASE STUDIES - WED AM1 8:00 8:00 – Paper No.: 9536 Mineralogical and Metallurgical Study of the Mike Cu-Au(Zn) Deposit, Carlin Trend, Nevada Isabel Barton, Lowell Institute for Mineral Resources Junmo Ahn and Jaeheon Lee, University of Arizona ABSTRACT Newmont’s Mike prospect, currently

undeveloped, is a blind Cu-Au(-Zn) deposit on the Carlin Trend, containing >8.5 M oz Au, 1027 M lbs Cu, and 809 M lbs Zn as Carlin-type gold and polymetallic Cu-Zn ores in Paleozoic lower-plate carbonates and shales. This project was undertaken to: 1) examine the effectiveness of different lixiviants for leaching the Mike supergene Cu-Au ores via bottle roll leaching system, and 2) determine what ore minerals resist dissolution in each leaching agent by comparing head and tail analyses by chemical and mineralogical methods. Sulfuric and sulfurous acids were used to leach copper whereas cyanide was used to leach gold. Thiourea, glycine, and other lixiviants were used to leach both base metals and precious metal. QEMSCAN and SEM study of six samples of different ore types and grades indicate that the Au occurs as varieties of native gold, including auricupride and electrum. Major Cu ores are native Cu, cuprite, malachite, chrysocolla, and conichalcite (Ca-Cu arsenate), with locally significant Cu in jarosite and goethite. Gangue mineralogy is dominated by quartz, sericite, chlorite, alunite, smectite and kaolinite, Kfeldspar, and iron oxides (sensu lato). Results of bottle roll tests and leach residue mineralogy will be presented and discussed.

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8:25 – Paper No.: 9607 Applications of Process Mineralogy in the Gold Deportment Study of Flotation Process Streams Xiaowen (Wendy) Ma, BV Minerals – Metallurgical Division David Way, JKTech Pty Ltd. Xiaoying Chen, BV Minerals – Metallurgical Division Hans Liang, JKTech Pty Ltd. ABSTRACT The mineralogical characteristics of

process streams provide key indicators to the potential improvement in the metallurgical performance. Therefore, process mineralogy and diagnostic metallurgy have been widely used as tools to assist metallurgists at operating plants. The challenge of this study was then how to characterize the diagnostic flowsheet of the minerals of interest in the process streams across the flotation circuit. The investigation from this study indicates that the mineral schematic flowsheet can visibly demonstrate the sources that caused the gold losses during the mineral processing. In this paper, we present actual case studies of the flotation process stream samples, representing the feeds, intermediate products, final concentrate, and final tails, which were produced from the flotation concentrators of Mt Carlton mine in Queensland, Australia. This study was focused on characterizing the process streams and shows how the gold in the process streams was associated with other sulfide minerals and host minerals on a size-by-size basis. The automatic QEMSCAN/MLA Trace Mineral Search was applied to detect the gold in the sized fractions of the process streams. Laser Ablation ICP-MS spot analysis, QEMSCAN EDS spot analysis, and electron microprobe spot analysis were employed to identify and quantify the invisible gold concentrations in sulfide minerals, like pyrite, and the elemental concentrations of visible gold grains. The diagnostic flowsheet of gold recoveries by the process streams, by mineral association classes and by the particle sizes, were generated and discussed.

8:50 – Paper No.: 9551 Mineralogical Characterization of a Complex Polymetallic Deposit Containing Gold, Silver, and Organic Carbon Peter Lind, Goldcorp Inc. Jaime Awmack, Goldcorp Peñasquito Logan Jameson, AuTec Innovative Extractive Solutions ABSTRACT Peñasquito is a polymetallic deposit con-

be expanded beyond the flotation of lead and zinc to include flotation of pyrite from zinc tails and subsequent leaching of the pyrite concentrate. This paper outlines mineralogical and diagnostic leach characterization that has been carried out to improve the understanding of the complex hosting of gold and silver minerals in the ore. Organic carbon that is present in the ore can have an impact on flotation, as well as leaching. Mineralogical techniques used to characterize this deleterious component of the ore are also introduced.

ROOM NUMBER: GEORGIA A - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: OPERATIONS: IMPROVING GOLD RECOVERY II WED AM1 8:00 8:00 – Paper No.: 9489 SART Implementation at Gold Mines in Latin America Brent Baker, Fabian Rodriguez, and Patrick Littlejohn, BQE Water ABSTRACT Sulfidization, acidification, recycling, and

thickening (SART) technology is a useful tool for improving the economics of gold recovery from certain types of complex gold ores. SART liberates cyanide consumed by base metals such as copper, zinc, and nickel and enables the newly freed cyanide to be recycled to precious metals leaching while producing high-grade base metal sulfide concentrates for sale. The benefits of SART include the reduction in cyanide consumption, minimization or complete avoidance of cyanide destruction costs, and generation of extra revenue from the sale of base metal concentrates. Concerns typically include capital and operating costs and questions around integrating SART into the overall metallurgical flowsheet. This paper presents two case studies and how these concerns are being addressed. The first involves the start-up of a SART plant treating up to 300 m3/h of leach solution at a mine in Mexico. The second involves field pilot testing of SART at a mine in Peru to demonstrate the ability of SART to recover cyanide from Zn(CN)42– and Cu(CN)32– complexes, while separating Cu from Zn and producing two separate high-grade metal concentrates of ZnS and Cu2S to maximize the commercial value of the recovered metal by-products.

taining gold, silver, lead, and zinc. The operation is currently the largest producer of gold in Mexico. Over the next few years, the process flowsheet will

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8:25 – Paper No.: 9707 Flotation and Leaching at Anglo Asian Mining’s Gedabek Gold and Copper Mine in Azerbaijan John Monhemius, Farhang Hedjazi, and H. Saeed Ali, Anglo Asian Mining plc ABSTRACT Anglo Asian Mining’s Gedabek mine is sit-

uated in the Lesser Caucasus mountains in Western Azerbaijan. The ore body at Gedabek is a complex copper-gold porphyry deposit, comprising intermixed oxidized, transition, and sulfidic gold and copper-bearing ores. Gold in the sulfide ores is recoverable by cyanide leaching, but the secondary copper minerals, which are also cyanide soluble, lead to high cyanide consumption. Ore processing at Gedabek is by agitation leaching for high grade ore (>1 g/t Au) and heap leaching for lower grade ore. In order to cope with the high copper concentrations in the cyanide leach liquors, a unique combination of resin-in-pulp for selective gold extraction and SART processing for copper removal and cyanide recovery is used. In 2015, a flotation plant was added in order to treat the tailings from the agitation leach plant. This plant produces a copper sulfide flotation concentrate and also recovers some of the residual gold in the tailings. Recently, the decision was taken to reverse the flowsheet and to carry out flotation ahead of agitation leaching, to reduce the cyanide consumption during leaching by removing soluble copper minerals. The paper compares and contrasts the performance of the plant in the two configurations, namely, (i) leaching followed by flotation and (ii) flotation followed by leaching. The effects of the process changes on gold and copper recoveries, cyanide consumption, and overall performance of the process are presented and discussed.

8:50 – Paper No.: 9745 X-Ray-Transmission Sorting at the Kensington Gold Mine Christopher Robben, TOMRA Sorting GmbH Denis Girard, Coeur Alaska, Kensington Mine Harold Cline, TOMRA Sorting Inc. Anssi Takala, Outotec Oy ABSTRACT This article describes the project devel-

opment and successful implementation of a particle sorter at the Kensington mine. The Kensington underground gold mine and associated milling facilities are located within the Berners Bay Mining District on the east side of Lynn Canal approximately 72 km north-northwest of Juneau, Alaska. The paper describes the project from concept, through the development phase, including

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test work confirming feasibility, to a discussion of operational data and includes shared experiences from operation and maintenance. The project has proven successful in recovering gold that was previously lost to the waste dump and has already resulted in a positive return on investment. The payback was achieved in less than one year.

ROOM NUMBER: PLAZA B - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: EXTRACTIVE METALLURGY: CYANIDE LEACHING AND ALTERNATIVES II - WED AM1 8:00 8:00 – Paper No.: 9546 Towards Industrial Implementation of Glycine Based Leach and Adsorption Technologies for Gold-Copper Ores Jacobus Eksteen, Elsayed Oraby, Bennson Chemuta Tanda, Peo Joanna Tauetsile, and Gert Adrian Bezuidenhout, Curtin University Timothy Newton, Curtin University and Mining and Process Solutions F. Trask and I. Bryan, Mining and Process Solutions ABSTRACT The technology (patents pending) to

selectively leach gold, silver, and base metals (Cu, Ni, Co, Pb, Zn, Cd) from ores, concentrates, tailings, and wastes using an alkaline glycine solution has initiated significant interest in using the new technology in various environments such as in-situ, inplace, dump, heap, vat, and agitated tank leaching. The Gold Technology Group at Curtin University, in collaboration with its commercialization partner, Mining and Process Solutions Pty Ltd, has been developing the leach technology in conjunction with various technologies to recover the metals from solution, and to recover and reuse the reagents. In addition, it has been shown that glycine acts synergistically with a number of other lixiviants to lower the net consumption of the other lixiviants, while allowing low-cost and simple glycine solution recovery. Glycine is a nontoxic, stable, environmentally benign reagent that is available in bulk industrial quantities, of which the costs are similar to that of cyanide. It has the ability to dissolve most copper oxide and sulfide minerals, as well as native copper, whilst not interacting with acid consuming gangue nor dissolving iron and various or ubiquitous gangue elements. It acts synergistically with small amounts of cyanide to leach gold-copper ores at leach rates higher than either glycine or cyanide on their own, while significantly reducing cyanide consumption and eliminating detoxification requirements. The leaching behaviour of various glycine based systems will be reviewed, followed by the evaluation of the adsorption of gold onto activated carbon. Where the economics merit

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it, copper can be easily recovered using solvent extraction or sulfide precipitation. The paper will review the high level techno-economics of the new process, and some of the caveats around its implementation.

8:25 – Paper No.: 9643 Isopropyl Alcohol Elution of Gold Adsorbed on Activated Carbon Anca Nacu, Kemetco Research Inc. Trevor Yeomans, Silver Standard Resources Inc. Reza Tavakoli and Doug Warkentin, Kemetco Research Inc. ABSTRACT One of the most successful commercial

methods to extract gold from ores involves solubilizing gold as a gold cyanide complex, followed by adsorption of the complex onto activated carbon. The gold cyanide is subsequently eluted from the carbon to produce a concentrated gold solution suitable for electrowinning to recover the precious metals. Stripped carbon is treated in a kiln under a flowing steam atmosphere to reactivate its surface, allowing it to be re-used. The aim of this study was to investigate gold elution using a mixture of sodium hydroxide and isopropyl alcohol in both batch and continuous tests, with the eluates being electrowon onto carbon foam cathodes. The effects of various factors, including alcohol content and sodium cyanide addition were studied. The addition of alcohol considerably improved gold elution kinetics, while the presence of sodium cyanide did not have a significant impact on either elution efficiency or kinetics. In all cases, efficient electrolysis was shown to be an important factor in maintaining effective carbon circuit operation.

8:50 – Paper No.: 9386 Demonstration Campaign Results on a Cyanide-Free Process for Gold Extraction from a Refractory Concentrate Caroline Chouinard, David Lemieux, and Jean-Marc Lalancette, Dundee Sustainable Technologies ABSTRACT A gold-bearing concentrate containing

110 g/t of gold, 9.6% copper and 700 ppm of mercury was processed at the demonstration scale for the extraction of gold and copper using a cyanidefree process. The concentrate was generated through flotation to upgrade the gold and copper grade, but is also showing contamination with mercury. This concentrate was submitted to the Dundee Sustainable Technologies (DST) process in the DST demonstration plant. The concentrate was first oxidized using a fluid bed to produce a calcine.

The mercury was volatilized during the oxidation stage with an efficiency higher than 99%. The mercury was further condensed and removed for the acid using a thiosulfate process. Copper was extracted from the calcine as copper sulfate using diluted sulfuric acid. The solid produced by the acid leaching was submitted to the DST chlorination process for gold extraction. Under optimized conditions, a gold extraction yield of 97% was obtained through the chlorination process. Gold was further recovered from the pregnant brine by precipitation over silica using DST proprietary process.

9:15 – Paper No.: 9529 New Ways to Reduce Carbon-Related Gold Losses in CIL and CIP Processes Marko Latva-Kokko, Jari Kourunen, and Kristian Lillkung, Outotec ABSTRACT Carbon-in-leach (CIL) and carbon-in-pulp

(CIP) processes use activated carbon to adsorb solubilized gold for recovery. Due to carbon attrition and non-ideal carbon management, some of the gold is lost in carbon fines and in solution. Carbon attrition mechanism inside CIL/CIP reactors is mainly abrasion. This is critical to gold loss, since gold loading takes place predominantly in the outer shell of the carbon particles. Thus, the fine carbon dust has relatively high gold content and such a small particle size that it cannot be captured with the safety screens. The attrition rate depends on ore and carbon characteristics, but it is always proportional to the mixing power intensity. This can be minimized by continuous suspension level measurement and control of agitation speed. In addition, a novel tank bottom structure can significantly reduce the required mixing power input compared to the flat bottom tank. A major challenge in carbon management is infrequent and inaccurate measurement of carbon concentration in the reactors. To reduce soluble gold losses by improved carbon management, Outotec has developed a continuous in-situ measurement device for carbon concentration that is tolerant to changes in slurry density.

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ROOM NUMBER: PLAZA A - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: PROCESS CONTROL AND OPTIMIZATION WED AM2 10:05 10:05 – Paper No.: 9550 Implementation of an Advanced Thickener Underflow Density Control at Loulo Gold Mine, Mali Gundo Makhado and David Sagara, Mintek ABSTRACT A model-based control strategy was

implemented at Loulo Gold Mine in Mali, to stabilize the thickener underflow stream density. This stream acts as the feed to the leaching circuit. pH control of the leaching circuit was integrated with the model-based controller due to slow process dynamics that are not suited to PID control. The controller performance was quantified over a period of 6 months, and was compared to the performance before implementation. The model based controller reduced process variability for both thickener underflow density and pH considerably, and resulted in a reduction in flocculant and lime consumption of 9.32 and 6.55%, respectively.

10:30 – Paper No.: 9710 Optimization of the Haile Gold Mine Grinding and Flotation Line Using Model Predictive Control William Gough, ANDRITZ AUTOMATION Ltd. David Carr and Quenton Johnson, Oceana Gold, Haile Gold Mine ABSTRACT This paper describes the application of

BrainWave and ACE Model Predictive Control (MPC) on the SAG Mill, Ball Mill, and Rougher Flotation cells at a new gold mine in the USA. For this project, ANDRITZ supplied the control system design and programming, operator training simulation and advanced control. The advanced control was tested against the IDEAS dynamic simulator, and commissioned during the startup of the processing plant to help achieve target production as quickly as possible. Operators were able to run the equipment in a consistent and optimized manner from an early stage of the plant operation, increasing efficiency and profitability. MPC provides a new tool to improve the control of many difficult processes at a gold processing plant. MPC is able to reduce process variability beyond the best performance that can be obtained with PID or expert system control methods. MPC is able to optimize the control of processes that exhibit an integrating type response in combination with transport delays or variable interaction, which are characteristic of many gold processes including SAG mill weight

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control and Flotation cell froth level control. The experience and benefits of applying MPC during the startup of a new gold processing plant are presented in this paper.

10:55 – Paper No.: 9669 Addressing some of the Challenges of Precious Metal Accounting in Base Metal Plants Luc Lachance, Simon Gariepy, I. Caraconcea, and Myriam Cousineau, Algosys ABSTRACT Several base metal plants operate in low

grade/high tonnage conditions which impose strict cost control on all fronts for their operations to remain profitable. This leads to decisions regarding plant design, procurement, operations and maintenance that often favor cost minimization over value optimization. This may hinder the representativeness of the metal accounting systems while this should be a priority in a low margin environment. Such poor representativeness not only creates confusion in plant scheduling but can also hide suboptimal metallurgical performance. Furthermore, this situation can run undetected for a while since one dominant feature of a poor metal accounting system is its poor self-awareness. During their practice, authors have particularly identified measurement bias and reproducibility as well as their impact on metal recoveries as areas of concern. These issues have not been extensively reviewed in the specific context of precious metals in base metal plants. Pragmatic solutions are proposed either at the design stage for a new project or to retrofit an actual operation. These solutions should be based on a business analysis that set a value of information matching the contribution of precious metals as well as the potential to use such information to act toward increasing plant profitability. Conclusions are that trade-offs are an inherent part of the design/audit/retrofit of any metal accounting system in any plant processing either base or precious metals. However, compromises must be evaluated on economic/technical ground.

11:20 – Paper No.: 9427 Optimising the Management of CIP/CIL Circuits William Staunton and Karen Barbetti, Curtin University ABSTRACT The carbon-in-pulp (CIP) process has

been the dominant gold recovery process since the early 1980s. CIP has proven to be very adaptable for a wide range of ores and circuit configurations.

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11:45 – Paper No.: 9545 Ore Deposit Knowledge – The Value of Continuous Improvement Karyn Gardner, D. Seaman, and J. O’Callaghan, Newcrest Mining Limited ABSTRACT Many deposits have a geological model

developed early in the project stages, which is not always reviewed or modified as the project matures and production commences. Conversely, ongoing pressures, due to a combination of declining head grades, a push for increased revenue and a multitude of other reasons, leads to processing plant modifications, with the primary aim being to increase production. Often, the ore deposit knowledge is not sustained or developed during the operational stages to the level carried out during the prefeasibility and feasibility study phases. This results in the variability within the deposit being poorly understood and a lack of data and knowledge being available to support (and ideally optimise) operations particularly in an environment where the flow sheet has changed and ore feed requirements are complex.

ROOM NUMBER: GEORGIA A - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: PRE-CONCENTRATION - WED AM2 10:05 10:05 – Paper No.: 9381 Feasibility of Gamma Activation Analysis for Bulk Gold Ore Sorting Peter Coghill, Channel Tissot, and Rhys Palmer, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) ABSTRACT Due to the low concentrations of gold,

direct measurement of gold concentration in ore on-belt has not been seriously considered until now. Pre-concentration ore sorting strategies have largely consisted of particle sorting based on secondary characteristics such as colour, which can be successful in select cases. CSIRO has produced sample measurement results using gamma activation analysis of ~300 g samples with accuracies at approximately 30 ppb. With this encouraging result, a feasibility study was undertaken into gold ore measurement on-belt for the purpose of sorting pods of gold ore. This study included prototype design options with existing industrial Linacs, extensive Monte Carlo modelling of measurement sensitivity and shielding, further sample measurement, a study of the interaction of target measurement accuracy, and sorting efficiency, and a rough estimation of potential economic benefit. The projected accuracies of approximately 0.1–0.15 ppm (1 standard deviation) in 10 seconds for 1 ppm average feed indicate good bulk sorting performance and intriguing economic potential.

10:30 – Paper No.: 9462 Non-Destructive Assay of Gold and Other Metals in Bulk Mineral Samples James Tickner, Chrysos Corporation Limited ABSTRACT Gold is conventionally analyzed using fire-

assay or other destructive chemical methods that impose significant sample preparation, occupational health and safety, and skilled labour requirements. Developed over the past 15 years by CSIRO, PhotonAssay provides a new approach. A high-intensity, high-energy X-ray source is used to activate atoms of gold and other elements in bulk mineral samples. The resulting activity is counted to automatically, accurately, and rapidly determine metal grade. Samples weighing 0.5–1.0 kg can be measured in a few minutes with minimal preparation. As the method is matrix-agnostic, traditionally hard-to-assay materials such as highly refractory ores, carbon pulps, and copper/gold concentrates

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The key to performance indicator for CIP circuits is the minimization of soluble gold losses to tailings. However, it is also important to operate the circuit efficiently (i.e., maximizing gold loadings on carbon and minimizing carbon inventory). Over the last 30 years, the Curtin Gold Technology Group has studied CIP circuits as part of an ongoing collaborative industry-funded project. In the early years, the project undertook basic research into understanding activated carbon, and its management in the circuit. More recently, the development of process models and instrumentation has provided additional tools to assist operators. The results show that while most CIP circuits operate well, there are still significant opportunities for further cost savings or additional revenue. This paper will review the key outcomes of this work, including basic requirements for good carbon management, the results of benchmarking and industry surveys of carbon circuit over 20 years, the value of process modelling of CIP circuits to establish operating parameters, and the use of automated instrumentation to better optimize carbon control in the circuit.

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require no special treatment. We present the status of commercial PhotonAssay systems being developed by Chrysos Corporation. The first unit with a throughput of up to 80 samples per hour is to be deployed in an Australian assay laboratory in late 2017; smaller systems suitable for providing real-time assay directly at the mine-site will be progressively rolled out from mid-2018. Performance results from extensive testing using both minesourced and standard reference materials are presented, demonstrating the sensitivity and accuracy of the method. Implications for replacing conventional gold assay in exploration, mining, and processing operations are discussed.

10:55 – Paper No.: 9476 Recovery of Coarse Liberated Gold Particles Using Pneumatically Assisted Fluidized Bed Flotation Brigitte Seaman and Luke Vollert, Newcrest Mining Ltd. ABSTRACT The application of pneumatically assisted

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fluidized bed flotation, specifically the Eriez Hydrofloat technology, has found widespread use in non-sulfide processing (particularly phosphate, potash and coal) for the recovery of coarse particles. In gold processing, centrifugal gravity circuits and flash flotation cells are typically employed for the recovery of coarse and near-size liberated gold which tends to accumulate in recycled grinding streams as a result of misplacement to cyclone underflow streams. Early removal of this gold from the grinding circuits contributes toward the reduction of downstream processing losses as a result of overgrinding and particle shape in the case of flotation processing, longer leach residence times in the case of extractive processing and surface occlusions in the case of both flotation and extractive processing. Recovery to bullion attracts higher payment terms by way of comparison to concentrate sales in the case of copper-gold concentrators. This paper assesses the application of pneumatically assisted fluidized bed flotation for the recovery of coarse liberated gold through the analysis of piloting data generated from the operation of a continuously operated 16 inch Eriez Hydrofloat unit treating a sized coarse grinding circuit stream. The paper presents the stage recovery by size performance of the Eriez Hydrofloat unit together with quantitative gold deportment analysis to demonstrate the efficiency with which gold was recovered during this pilot campaign and compared to more conventional processing units—centrifugal gravity and conventional flotation.

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11:20 – Paper No.: 9733 A Comparative Sensor-Based Ore Sorting Study on Gold Deposits: Heterogeneity, X-Ray Sensors and Advanced Sorting Algorithms Arvin Mazhary, Huaizhe Li, and Bern Klein, University of British Columbia ABSTRACT Although sensor-based ore sorting has

gained significant attention recently, sorting gold deposits still face a high level of skepticism by gold mining companies. In order to shed some light on the matter, this article looks at two different gold deposits that are examined using X-ray fluorescence, Electromagnetic and X-ray Transmission sensors. Heterogeneity of each sample is measured based on the assay results of each particle and is related to its sortability. Multivariate linear regression analysis was also performed on the XRF results to find potential proxy elements for detecting gold. The results from these deposits were varied and each sample showed different levels of sortability. While both X-ray sensors proved efficient for different deposits, electromagnetic sensor failed to produce any promising results. Despite unsatisfactory result for one sample, this technology can have significant advantages in terms of lowering the operational costs and improving head grades and recoveries providing that the deposit is amenable to such separation methods. Therefore, it is important to mention that sensor-based ore sorting is ore and sensor dependent, and as a result, it cannot be applied and be beneficial to all deposits. Therefore, amenability tests are required in order to examine the potential for sensor-based ore sorting before one can reject the idea.

ROOM NUMBER: PLAZA B - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: EXTRACTIVE METALLURGY: ATMOSPHERIC LEACHING - WED AM2 10:05 10:05 – Paper No.: 9437 A Preliminary Comparison Between a Granular Coconut Shell-Based Activated Carbon and Lewatit® AF5 in the Application of Gold-Bearing Pyrite Oxidation in Acidic Ferric Sulphate Media Denver Cowan and Ahmad Ghahreman, Queen’s University Yeonuk Choi, Barrick Gold Corporation ABSTRACT Previous testwork by the authors indi-

cated that both granular coconut shell- based activated carbon and a new microporous carbonaceous bead, Lewatit® AF5, are highly effective in improving the oxidation kinetics and decreasing the elemental sulfur yield when assisting the

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10:30 – Paper No.: 9380 Oxygen Mass Transfer in the Albion ProcessTM: From the Laboratory to the Plant Paul Voigt, Daniel Mallah, and Mike Hourn, Glencore Technology ABSTRACT The successful commissioning and ramp

up of the Albion ProcessTM at the GPM Gold Project relied on the successful scaling up of the process from batch and continuous pilot plant campaigns. Critical information about reaction kinetics and residence time, grind size, and pulp density were determined at the laboratory scale and successfully applied to the commercial scale. A limitation of small-scale testwork is that some parameters cannot be measured reliably and scaling up is a function of the physical size of the equipment, which isn’t possible to test with laboratory-scale equipment. Oxygen mass transfer rate is one such parameter since this is a complex interaction of many factors including slurry temperature, solution and slurry chemistry, slurry viscosity, agitator type, dimensions and power, oxygen bubble residence time, oxygen purity, tank geometry, and oxygen injection technique. Oxygen generation represents an important operating cost for the Albion ProcessTM. Pivotal to the Albion ProcessTM operating economically at atmospheric pressure is the capability to efficiently transfer oxygen while using as much oxygen injected to the process as possible. To respond to this, Glencore Technology developed

the HyperSpargeTM supersonic gas injector. This paper compares the HyperSpargeTM against other sparging techniques to quantify the benefits of oxygen injection via a supersonic gas jet on scale-up of the oxygen mass transfer system. The paper then examines plant survey data from the GPM Gold Project to demonstrate the very high oxygen utilization that can be achieved with a correctly designed oxygen mass transfer system.

10:55 – Paper No.: 9401 Enhanced Leaching of Arsenopyrite Concentrates as a Pretreatment for Gold Recovery from Refractory Ores Oscar Olvera, AuTec Innovative Extractive Solutions Yeonuk Choi, Barrick Gold Corporation ABSTRACT Refractory sulfidic ores consist of materi-

als in which gold occurs finely disseminated within metallic sulfides or forming solid solutions. Pyrite and arsenopyrite are the two sulfides most commonly associated with gold. Given that gold in this type of ore is not readily accessible to leaching solutions, typical cyanide operations show poor performance and require oxidative pretreatments to increase gold recovery. Due to the characteristics of refractory sulfidic ores, in order to increase gold recovery, it is necessary to break or modify the sulfide matrix that encapsulates the gold. Pretreatment alternatives include roasting, pre-aeration, acidic and alkaline high pressure oxidation, and bacterial oxidation. The presence of arsenic, however, introduces a serious disadvantage to the use of roasting and bacterial leaching, while high pressure oxidation involves high capital costs. In this work we have evaluated the effect of the addition of a carbon resin as a sulfur collector on the oxidation of different arsenopyrite concentrates under atmospheric tank leaching (ATL) conditions. The ATL residues were further tested for gold recovery under standard cyanide carbon-in-leach and thiosulfate leaching conditions.

11:20 – Paper No.: 9555 Testing Inventory Drawdown Through Pressure Injection in the Leach Pad at Los Filos Mine Jeet Basi and Simon Hille, Goldcorp Inc. Dale F. Rucker, hydroGEOPHYSICS, Inc. ABSTRACT A review of historic operating practices of

the heap leach pad at the Los Filos Mine, Mexico, revealed periods of restricted cyanide addition, reduced leach time, and insufficient irrigation flow. These issues all led to the buildup of partially

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atmospheric oxidation of pyrite. While the two carbon catalysts show similar results and improvements to the pyrite oxidation, there are differences between them. For example, the activated carbon-assisted oxidation showed faster kinetics than the AF5-assisted oxidation. Elemental sulfur seemed to remain adhered to the surface of the AF5 after oxidation, whereas much of the elemental sulfur formed during the activated carbon-assisted tests was found in the oxidation residue. The objective of this paper is to investigate the differences between the two catalysts through the use of scanning electron microscopy, photography, infrared spectroscopy, surface chemistry analysis, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis. With this investigation, the authors should be able to achieve a better understanding of the surface chemistry of the two carbon catalysts (i.e., functional groups, charges, acidity, etc.) and help explain the strengths and/or weaknesses of the catalysts when applied to the atmospheric oxidation of pyrite.

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leached recoverable gold inventory within the leach pads. Drawing down this inventory represented an opportunity to bring value forward. This paper outlines the strategic initiatives which were implemented as efforts to accelerate the inventory drawdown, including geophysical mapping and pressure injection.

11:45 – Paper No.: 9436 Carbon Catalyst Assisted Atmospheric Oxidation of Pyrite with High Elemental Sulfur Yield in Ferric Sulfate Acidic Media Denver Cowan and Ahmad Ghahreman, Queen’s University Yeonuk Choi, Barrick Gold Corporation ABSTRACT Testwork was conducted to compare the

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effectiveness of carbon-based catalysts while oxidizing a gold-bearing pyrite concentrate. Without the use of a catalyst, the oxidation of pyrite was incomplete after 96 hours, resulting in roughly 60% pyrite oxidation. Furthermore the resulting sulfate yield from unassisted pyrite oxidation ranged between 72 and 84%. It is evident that atmospheric oxidation of pyrite is not viable due to slow oxidation kinetics and high sulfuric acid production when using a ferric sulfate medium without a catalyst. The effect of two carbon-based catalysts, Lewatit® AF5 (a new microporous carbonaceous bead) and a granular coconut shell-based activated carbon, were tested under the same oxidation conditions as the unassisted pyrite tests. After 96 hours, Lewatit® AF5 assisted oxidation showed approximately 96% pyrite oxidation with a sulfate yield ranging between 26 and 35%. The activated carbon assisted oxidation reached approximately 100% pyrite oxidation with a sulfate yield between 36 and 37%. Testwork indicated that, not only does the addition of a carbon-based catalyst greatly improve the oxidation kinetics and lead to almost complete oxidation, the sulfate yield is also drastically reduced, resulting in very high elemental sulfur yields.

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

ROOM NUMBER: PLAZA A - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: MINERALOGY AND CHARACTERIZATION: TECHNIQUES - WED PM1 14:00 14:00 – Paper No.: 9457 Advanced Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) Sensor for Gold Mining Aissa Harhira and Paul Bouchard, National Research Council Kheireddine Rifai, National Research Council and Université Laval Josette El Haddad, Mohamad Sabsabi, and Alain Blouin, National Research Council M. Laflamme, Université Laval ABSTRACT The mining industry is facing several chal-

lenges: declining high grade ore, commodity markets, cost factors, and environmental and safety considerations. There is an increasing need to drive down costs while improving efficiency and productivity through innovation in such fields as on-line analysis and control, automation and robotics, drilling, and real time decision support. In particular, there is a need in the gold mining industry to quickly determine in the field the concentration of various precious metals in unprocessed mineral samples. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) appears to be a potential technique for performing elemental analyses in such conditions. Portable device analyzers based on X-ray fluorescence are useful for determining the concentration of minor elements, but trace elements in the range of a few parts per million (ppm or g/t) and low Z elements are out of range. This paper will review innovative real-time LIBS sensor technology for the elemental analysis of gold in ore samples, and the chemistry and mineralogy that can be used along the gold mining industry from exploration through to tailings. Examples of applications of LIBS for the analysis of ore samples will be given along with results. Comparison with laboratory analysis will be discussed.

14:25 – Paper No.: 9351 Arrested Cupellation: A Step Change in Fast In-Line Fire Assay that Enables Gold Analysis at Low Concentration Brad McBain, IMP Automation Canada Ltd. Blanche DeJong, IMP Automation B. Hohenstein, IMP Group Pty Pierre Hofmeyr, IMP Automation ABSTRACT IMP’s automated fire assay system (Fast

In-line Fire Assay or “FIFA 1”) has not found acceptance in the Au mining industry due to a measurable lower limit of 0.20 ppm. This limit prohibits reliable tailings analysis, which then requires

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ROOM NUMBER: GEORGIA A - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: OPERATIONS: PRE-TREATMENTS WED PM1 14:00 14:00 – Paper No.: 9553 Passivation of a Pyrrhotite-Rich Flotation Concentrate for Cyanidation Marcus Tomlinson, K. K. Murray, and Simon Hille, Goldcorp Inc. Jean-Félix Lepage, Goldcorp Éléonore ABSTRACT The Éléonore mine, located in the James

Bay region of Northern Quebec, generates a gold bearing flotation concentrate rich in pyrrhotite. Direct leaching of the finely ground concentrate results in high cyanide consumption and poor recoveries; therefore, effective pretreatment to passivate the pyrrhotite is required before leaching. Following a number of process upsets at the mine, test work was performed to better understand the requirements for passivation so that a more effective operational strategy could be implemented. This paper outlines the testing and implementation of the new strategy at Éléonore.

14:25 – Paper No.: 9385 Commissioning of the BIOX® and ASTERTM Processes at the Runruno Gold Project Jan van Niekerk and Waldemar Olivier, Outotec (RSA) (Proprietary) Limited Melvin Savella, FCF Minerals Corporation ABSTRACT The Runruno Gold Project is located on

the island of Luzon, approximately 200 km north of Manilla in the Philippines. The mine is a surface

mine operation and uses the proven BIOX® and carbon-in-leach (CIL) processes to recover gold, and the ASTERTM process for detoxification of the CIL residue prior to discharge to the tailings storage facility. Work to date has defined a mineral resource of 1.39 million ounces of gold, and the operation will produce 96,700 oz of gold per annum over a mine life of 10.4 years. The BIOX circuit is designed to treat 140,000 tpa of concentrate with a design capacity of 404 tpd of concentrate at a design sulfide sulfur grade of 17% S2–. The Runruno project is the first BIOX plant to implement Generation III BIOX design principles. As part of the Generation III BIOX program, Outotec supplied a turnkey, containerized metallurgical laboratory to facilitate the first four stages of the BIOX and ASTER inoculum build-up requirements. BIOX inoculum build- up with 6 L of stock cultures shipped from South Africa was started during early January 2015 with the BIOX cultured successfully adapted to concentrate produced from the mini-plant during March 2015. The ASTER inoculum build-up commenced during early August 2015 using 27 L of ASTER bacterial inoculum already adapted to similar process conditions expected during commercial operation. This paper will detail the various stages of inoculum build-up through to commissioning and ramp-up of the BIOX and ASTER processes at the Runruno Gold Project. The paper will highlight some of the factors affecting the commissioning process, as well as the improvements seen through the introduction of the Generation III BIOX design principles.

14:50 – Paper No.: 9428 Capacity and Product Quality Optimization of the Syama Roaster Alexandros Charitos, Christian Mattich, and Joerg Hammerschmidt, Outotec GmbH & Co.KG Jack Wilson, Trent Kerr, and David Landwehr, Resolute Mining Limited ABSTRACT In refractory gold concentrates, gold is

occluded in sulfidic minerals, preventing efficient cyanide leaching. Hence, roasting is used to oxidize sulfur and organic carbon, the latter being necessary to minimize recovery loss through the preg-robbing effect. In 2009, Outotec commissioned the circulating fluidized bed roaster at the Syama gold mine in Mali. The benefits of the circulating fluidized bed roaster is that it exhibits temperature homogeneity (±10°C). Hence, sintering of calcine pores and respective gold recovery

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conventional fire assay methods to be used by the mine in conjunction with FIFA1...an uneconomical situation. The development of arrested cupellation has overcome this hurdle. In the new automated fire assay process, called FIFA 2, arrested cupellation is a procedure that reduces the 50 g Pb button to 5 g in mass, thereby concentrating the Au and PGEs in the Pb by a factor of 10. This moves the Au and PGE concentrations to a level in the mini-button that can be read on the spark spectrometer. Results show that concentrations down to 0.02 ppm Au in geological materials can now be determined using arrested cupellation in the FIFA 2 process, an order of magnitude improvement over FIFA 1. A full description of the arrested cupellation method and analytical data for Certified Reference Materials obtained by the FIFA II process will be presented in the paper.

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

loss is avoided. Since 2013 Resolute and Outotec have been implementing improvements to the roaster performance with the capacity increasing from 8000 tons per month in 2013 to above 13,000 t/mo in 2016, while achieving a residual sulfide sulfur and organic carbon of below 0.1 and 0.4 wt.%, respectively. This paper describes additional improvements to the Syama roaster, leading to broader utilization of available resources, increase in capacity, and reduction in calcine organic carbon (thus increasing gold recovery). It is supported by laboratory- and pilot-scale testwork conducted at the Outotec R&D center in Frankfurt am Main. The improved process is expected to become fully operational during 2018.

ROOM NUMBER: PLAZA B - 2ND FLOOR SESSION: EXTRACTIVE METALLURGY: GOLD TELLURIDES AND SELENIDES - WED PM1 14:00 14:00 – Paper No.: 9639 Leaching Alternatives to Recover Gold and Silver from Tellurides Fabiola Nava-Alonso, Adrian Amilcare González-Ibarra-Ibarra, Edgar Pérez-García, E. N. Castillo-Ventureño, Alejandro UribeSalas, and Juan Carlos Fuentes-Aceituno, CINVESTAV Saltillo ABSTRACT Precious metals cannot be so easily

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recovered from tellurides as from conventional ores by the standard cyanidation process. This work explores some alternatives for the leaching of pure gold and silver tellurides. The cyanidation of 0.0477 g silver telluride (Ag2Te, Aldrich, 99.99%, +38/–45 µm) in 80 mL of cyanide solution (0.125% CN– at 25°C, pH 10.9 adjusted with NaOH and mechanically stirred at 350 rpm), dissolves 10.5% of silver in 6 h, while the addition of 100 mg/L lead nitrate increases recovery up to 100% for the same time. The thiosulfate leaching of the silver telluride (0.0477 g Ag2Te in 80 mL solution 0.2 M sodium thiosulfate, 0.05 M copper sulfate, 0.025 M EDTA and pH 10.2 adjusted with NH4OH) dissolves 94% of the silver at 6 h. For a gold-gold telluride sample containing tellurium and tellurium dioxide (Surepure Chemetals, Inc., +38/–45 µm, 0.0689 g in 80 mL), a first cyanidation (0.1% CN– at pH 9.5 adjusted with NaOH) dissolves only the metallic gold in 6 h, while a second cyanidation with high cyanide and high alkalinity (2% CN– at pH 12.5 adjusted with NaOH) allows to dissolve the gold telluride.

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14:25 – Paper No.: 9524 Removal of Tellurium and Selenium from Cyanide Solutions by Solvent Extraction Using Quaternary Ammonium Salts Ricardo Solis-Rodriguez, Omero Alonso-Gonzalez, Sergio HaroRodriguez, Hector Rene Vega-Carrillo, Francisco Alvarado-Hernandez, and Juan Antonio Gonzalez-Anaya, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas ABSTRACT Precious metals are currently associated

with refractory minerals such as telluride (Calaverite, Sylvanite, etc.) and selenium (Naumannite Ag2Se), which are difficult to dissolve through traditional methods, therefore it is necessary to perform a pretreatment (oxidative or roasting) preceding the process of leaching by cyanidation. In this preliminary work the aim was to study the use of solvent extraction to remove tellurium and selenium ions from a synthetic cyanidation effluent, with the purpose of recycling the cyanide back to the process. For the extraction of these anions, TeO32– and SeO42–, tallow trimethyl ammonium chloride (Quatarmina TPR) and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (Amine F) were studied as extractants, using nonylphenol as a modifier in the organic phase (trimethylpentane). The results show that it is possible to recover 82% of selenium and 10% of tellurium from synthetic solutions containing either 20 mg/L Se or 20 mg/L of Te, respectively The Se or Te molar ratio to cyanide was 1:4.

14:50 – Paper No.: 9588 Leaching Alternatives for Gold Tellurides in Sonora, Mexico Fabiola Nava-Alonso and Paula Cristina Santos-Munguía, CINVESTAV Saltillo Omero Alonso-González, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas ABSTRACT The gold recovery of a Mexican cyanida-

tion plant in Sonora has been decreasing due to the increasing presence of gold tellurides. This work presents the results of different processes aimed to recover the remaining gold from the cyanidation tailings of this operation. Cyanidation in the mine is performed at 500 ppm CN- and pH 10.3, adjusted with Ca(OH)2. The treatments studied in the laboratory with these tailings were: cyanidation at higher cyanide concentration (1250 ppm CN- and pH 10.8 adjusted with NaOH), cyanidation with oxygen injection, cyanidation with lead nitrate, peroxidation with hypochlorite before cyanidation, and thiosulfate leaching. The results obtained with each of these treatments are presented and discussed with the final objective of proposing a method to recover the gold associated with tellurium.

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INDUSTRY POSTERS Kun Liu and X. Grant Chen, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi

ABSTRACT The dispersoids-strengthening mecha-

nism is one of the most promising strengthening mechanisms in elevated-temperature applications of aluminum alloys. In the present work, various concentrations of Mn (up to 2 wt.%) were added to Al-Mn-Mg 3004 alloy to study their effect on microstructure and elevated-temperature properties. When the Mn concentration is lower than 1.5 wt.%, the dominant intermetallics are Al6(Mn,Fe), which are distributed in interdendritical boundaries. With further increase of the Mn concentration to 2 wt.%, the blocky primary Al6Mn occurs and Al6(Mn,Fe) presents in both dendritical and interdendritical areas, leading to a rapid increase on the amount of intermetallics. After heat treatment, the volume fraction of precipitated dispersoids increases with increasing Mn content and reaches the highest level in the alloy with 1.5 wt.% Mn, resulting in a significant improvement in strength and creep resistance at 300°C. However, the elevated-temperature properties decrease sharply in the alloy with 2 wt.% Mn due to the low volume fraction of dispersoids and large number of dispersoids-free zones because of the formation of primary Al6Mn and dendritical/interdendritical Al6(Mn,Fe) intermetallics.

9392: Fabrication of Hybrid Al Sheets with Nano-Sized Grains by Multi-layer Accumulative Roll-Bonding Process Chayong Lim, Korea Institute of Materials Science Seunghee Lee, Mokpo National University ABSTRACT Several kinds of aluminum alloys were

processed by multi-layer accumulative roll-bonding (ARB) for ultra grain refinement and high strengthening. Three Al sheets (AA1050, AA5052, AA6061) with 1 mm thickness, 30 mm width and 300 mm length were first degreased and wire-brushed for sound roll bonding. The different sheets were then stacked on top of each other and rolled by 50% reduction rate without lubrication at room temperature. The bonded sheet was cut into two pieces of the same dimensions and the same procedure was repeated up to six cycles. Microstructural evolution of bonded sheets with the number of ARB cycles was investigated by optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and electron back scatter diffraction. The grain size gradually decreased and the strength of the bonded sheets increased with the number of ARB cycles. Improved

strength and elongation were obtained by applying annealing treatment.

9593: A Mineralogical Assessment of an Oxide Ore to Determine Mechanisms for Poor Gold Recovery by Thiosulfate Leaching Mark Graham Aylmore, Curtin University Yeonuk Choi, Barrick Gold Corporation Kelly Merigot, William Rickard, and Jean-Pierre Veder, Curtin University ABSTRACT The calcium thiosulfate-copper sulfate

leach system has been developed by Barrick Gold Corporation to treat pressure-oxidized double refractory carbonaceous sulfidic gold ores. Research is now investigating ways to make the process suitable for leaching gold from other ores as a general replacement for cyanide leaching. Test work to date has found that some ores that respond to cyanide leaching are not amendable to thiosulfate leaching. The aim of this work was to investigate possible mechanisms for poor gold extraction by thiosulfate leaching in an oxide ore. This study examined both untreated and treated samples to quantify the extent to which gold is leached and what adsorption/precipitation processes take place. Potential gold bearing and particles of interest were concentrated and the deportment of precious metals, size distributions, and associations with other minerals characterized using optical microscopy, the Tescan integrated mineral analyzer and X-ray diffraction studies. Focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectroscopy capabilities for 3D profile mapping and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were then used to characterize elemental distributions and potential surface alterations on gold particles.

9687: Commercial Method to Sustainably Recycle Spent LithiumIon Batteries to Recover Cobalt, Nickel, and other Valuable Metals Ajay Kochhar and Tim Johnston, Li-Cycle Corp. ABSTRACT Lithium-ion batteries are increasingly

powering our world in automotive, consumer electronic, and energy storage applications. The global Li-ion battery market is projected to grow to US$210 billion by 2030 at up to 17% per annum. Cobalt and nickel are critical materials for many key Li-ion battery cathode formulations, including lithium cobalt dioxide (LCO), lithium nickel manganese cobalt dioxide (NMC), and lithium nickel

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9375: Effect of Mn on Microstructure and Elevated-Temperature Properties in Al-Mn-Mg Alloys

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cobalt aluminum dioxide (NCA). Multi-billion-dollar investments are being made in downstream Li-ion battery and manufacturing capacity. Coupled with the inherently limited lifespan of Li-ion batteries, there is a rapidly growing need for profitable and sustainable recycling methods. Currently, less than 5% of spent Li-ion batteries are recycled globally. Existing methods us pyrometallurgy, but are often unprofitable. An estimated >11 million tonnes of spent Li-ion battery packs will be produced between 2017 and 2030, representing US$45 billion in residual value. Cobalt and nickel cumulatively constitute an estimated 30% of this residual value. This paper explores a novel, commercial, and hydrometallurgical method—Li-Cycle TechnologyTM—to sustainably recycle spent Li-ion batteries to recover cobalt, nickel, and other valuable components. The paper concludes with an example of a commercial scale plant leveraging LiCycle TechnologyTM, including estimated capital and operating costs.

9508: Inonometallurgy: The New Route for Rare Earths Recovery Jyothi Rajesh Kumar and Jin-Young Lee, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) ABSTRACT Inonometallurgy is a new term intro-

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duced in the metallurgy research area. The present paper is on to green chemistry through using ionic liquids (ILs) instead of regular organic solvents/extractants. Research into ILs is booming. The first industrial process involving ILs was announced in March 2003, and the potential of ILs for new chemical technologies is beginning to be recognized. One of the primary driving forces behind research into ILs is the perceived benefit of substituting traditional industrial solvents, most of which are volatile organic compounds (VOCs), with nonvolatile ILs. Replacement of conventional solvents by ILs would prevent the emission of VOCs, a major source of environmental pollution. ILs are not intrinsically “green”—some are extremely toxic—but they can be designed to be environmentally benign, with large potential benefits for sustainable chemistry. As well as the latest trends, ILs are projecting as extractants via various aromatic diluent media. ILs are composed entirely by ions; they are salts exist in liquid form. The fields of the rare earth (RE) recovery technologies are fascinating. Important research and development work continues globally to explore and establish ways and means to put REs to use to recover and indi-

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vidually and collectively, in the service of humankind.

9513: Non-Nuclear, Force-Based Density Measurement of Slurry Flow Mike Touzin, Endress+Hauser ABSTRACT A newly developed, in-line, full bore

instrument for the real-time density measurement of concentrated mineral slurries has been developed. Field testing of the device, which can be manufactured in sizes 3–36”, has shown that accuracy and stability is at least equivalent to and often superior to nuclear, gamma-based density meters. Field test results will be shown comparing readings to laboratory analysis of samples, and to existing Gamma density meters. The technique has a very fast response time to density changes, and enables simple calibration verification by operators in a field environment.

9402: Effect of Hydrogen Peroxide on the Alkali Leaching Process of Tungsten Oxides JaeHwan Pee and GuenHee Kim, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology ChulHo Song, Jianming Lu, Bé Wassink, and David Dreisinger, University of British Columbia ABSTRACT For the recycling of tungsten scrap con-

taining more than 90% WO3, soda ash roast-leach, and alkali pressure leach processes for oxides have been adapted in the field. Sodium salt roasting is the most commonly used technology, but the leaching processes are not environmentally friendly and have slow kinetics. Process parameters such as time, temperature, and concentration of alkali have been studied to optimize the recovery of tungsten. Tungsten extraction by alkali pressure leaching of tungsten scrap was more than 90% at 463 K with 20 bar pressure, 3M (120 g/L) sodium hydroxide and 2 h of leaching. The build-up of sodium ions or other ions in solution will at some point result in saturation of some salts and precipitation will occur, depending on what other anions are present. Thus “bleeding” may be needed to treat and remove excess salts. If a low concentration of alkali is used in the leaching process, the bleeding problem is reduced but unfortunately the kinetics will slow and long times or high temperatures will be required for high leaching rates. In this paper, the leaching kinetics of tungsten from the oxides (WO3 and CoWO4) of tungsten scrap (WCCo base scraps) with hydrogen peroxide in alkaline medium (sodium hydroxide) was investigated to

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Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

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9439: Impedance Measurements of Gold Dissolution in Cyanide Solution in the Presence of Iron Oxide Minerals Ahmet Deniz Bas, Nabil Sorour, and Edward Ghali, Université Laval Yeonuk Choi, Barrick Gold Corporation ABSTRACT Until now, studies on the electrochemical

dissolution of gold ores have been limited primarily to sulphidic ores. Recently, handling of oxidized gold ores has become essential. In recent studies, the application of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to understand the dissolution of gold in thiourea, thiosulphate, and thiocyanide has become a generally applied technique. However, EIS characterization of gold leaching in cyanide solutions has received less attention. This study examined the influence of iron oxide minerals in a slurry (0.5%) associated with roasted ore on the dissolution of gold, as disc electrodes. EIS was employed via Nyquist plots at open circuit potential (OCP) in 0.01 M NaCN saturated with atmospheric oxygen at 25°C. Following the tests at OCP, EIS was also carried out at -0.3V/SHE, the potential for the passivation of the first peak. Parameters such as polarization resistance, constant phase element, capacitance, and loop size are discussed to compare the EIS of roasted gold ore and pure gold electrode. EIS could help improve understanding of what is occurring at the interface during the oxidation of gold.

9605: Vitrification of Red Mud, Gold Tailing, and Limestone by Melting / Granulation Technique Donghyo Yang, Hyunsik Park, Minchul Ha, and Minseok Kim, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) ABSTRACT Red mud, gold tailing, and waste lime-

stone are industrial wastes that are mostly landfilled near the plants. They increase the environmental risks of a chemical spill, as well as the necessity of waste management. Practical use of these materials has been limited due to fine particle sizes, heavy metals, and unique oxide compositions. The authors investigated the recycling of these industrial wastes by melting and granulation. As quartz, hematite, alumina, and lime constitute over 90% of the materials, the CaOFe2O3-Al2O3-SiO2 quaternary oxide system was applied to the calculations. Slag compositions were designed considering the lowest melting temperature and the moderate viscosity of the melts. Samples were melted by a high frequency induction furnace then granulation was carried out by the air blowing technique. Granules were analyzed by X-ray diffraction for the phase analysis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to measure the structural changes of the melts that determine the physical property. Adequate combination of red mud, gold tailing, and limestone was found for the melting/granulation process.

9609: Effects of Hot Extrusion Conditions on Microstructure of Rapidly Solidified P-Type Bi2Te3-Sb2Te3 Alloy Hyeon-Taek Son, Yong-Ho Kim, and Hyo-Sang Yoo, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology ABSTRACT Semiconducting Bi-Te and Sb-Te alloys are

regarded as one of the attractive materials at medium temperature (150–300K). Single crystals of Bi2Te3 alloys have been used to fabricate thermoelectric modules, because they possess the highest figure-of-merit among semiconductors near room temperature. However, Bi2Te3-based single crystals are fractured along the cleavage plane during the cutting process or during operation of modules. Compound semiconductors based on bismuth telluride are found to be highly efficient thermoelectric materials around room temperature. In recent years, various research efforts to improve thermoelectric properties with strength have been conducted by optimizing the chemical compositions and new processing conditions. In particular, powder metallurgy by mechanical alloying has been used to improve mechanical strength. Specifically, powder production by gas atomization

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improve the leaching rate. The results showed the following. (1) The leaching kinetics of tungsten from the oxides of tungsten scraps did not follow the general shrinking core model (diffusion control model and chemical reaction model), and a new controlling step in solid-fluid reactions should be suggested. (2) Hydrogen peroxide was used to intensify the leaching process. It could improve the leaching rate of tungsten from the WO3 and CoWO4, and make the reaction easier. At the last step, tungsten from the leaching solution was recovered by solvent extraction (10% Alamine-336, 10% Aliquat-336) and 10% isodecanol in kerosene. The loaded tungsten when stripped with NH4OH produced ammonium paratungstate (APT) solution, which was crystallized to get the crystal of APT. The alkali pressure leaching - solvent extraction process was thus found attractive for the recycling of oxides of tungsten scraps.

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is a very useful process because it can make powder directly and rapidly from melted alloys. Powder metallurgy by gas atomization can provide more homogeneous and finer grained structures than melting and solidification processing and can also reduce many complicated steps required in melting and solidification processing. In this study, effects of extrusion conditions on microstructure of p-type Bi2Te3-Sb2Te3 by combination of the rapid solidification and the hot extrusion were investigated.

9614: Study on the Microstructure of Nb-Ti Based Alloy by the Rolling Process Yong-Ho Kim, Hyo-Sang Yoo, and Hyeon-Taek Son, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology ABSTRACT Niobium-titanium alloy is an attractive

material for industrial applications as superconducting magnets to high critical magnetic field and supercurrent density at –283°C. The Nb-Ti alloy has been shown in earlier work to exhibit Van Gosh Sky microstructures. They may also be accentuated by plastic deformation due to work and temperature exposure during deformation. In the present study, we investigated the effect of the rolling process on the formability of Nb-Ti alloys. The specimens were processed by rolling at room temperature and strain of 2.0, 3.16 and 4.28. The microstructure of the as-rolled specimens was annealed at 405°C for 60 hours.

9629: Effect of Pre-Roasting on Leaching of Cobalt Arsenides from the Bou-Azzer Mining District, Morocco Boubker Ed Doua and Abdelmounaaim Bouhafid, Université Cadi Ayyad Youssef El Hajjam, Intissar Benzakour, Abderrahman Kaddami, and Abdellah Boulaamail, Centre de recherche REMINEX – Groupe MANAGEM ABSTRACT MANAGEM, the largest mining group in

Morocco, was the world’s third-largest producer of arsenic trioxyde and listed as the 10th producer of cobalt in 2013 through its underground mine located at Bou-azzer. Fluidized bed roasters are widely used in the metallurgical industry to remove As and convert mineral arsenides into arsenates or oxides compounds suitable for further treatment (leaching) and recovery of valuable metal (Co). In order to evaluate the effect of air-to-concentrate ratio, industrial roasting trials were performed at MANAGEM’s plant. The aims of investigations of the cobalt arsenide roasting process were to study the possibility of maximizing the recovery of 1) As in the

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form of a very high purity arsenic trioxide, which is a marketable by-product, and 2) Co by acid leaching of the calcine. It was found that oxidizing atmosphere during roasting is more satisfactory for Co recovery, leading to a maximum Co leaching rate (98%), however removing As from roasted concentrate is more efficient in low air-to-concentrate ratio (0.6 Nm3/Kg), indicating the most important removal rate (80%). It was also found that as the roasting temperature increases, the rate of As removal also increases. However, excessive heating above 800°C can be detrimental to Co amenability to leaching. The maximum rate of Co leaching occurs at approximately 96.5%, which corresponds to the highest specific surface area of 3.62 m2/g.

9734: Micro-/Nano-Structured Co3O4 for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Guoyong Huang, Central South University Shengming Xu and Xuejun Wang, Tsinghua University Zhenghe Xu, University of Alberta ABSTRACT Morphology of electronic material is one

of the crucial factors to impact its property, so it is meaningful to study the relationship between morphologies of Co3O4 powders and their electrochemical performance. In addition, the microstructure of electronic material is another factor to affect its performance, and the manipulation of micro-/nano-structure is an approach recently developed to improve the electronic performance of materials. In this study, through a facile hydrothermal method, micro-/nano-structured Co3O4 powders with different morphologies (sheet, cube, sphere and spindle) have been synthesized as anode materials for Li-ion batteries. All of microscale particles are built up by irregular nano-scale components attached to each other. And their distinct electrochemical performance, especially rapid-rate capability, is studied and compared. It will be proved that the stable micro-/nano-structures of Co3O4 can enhance its electrochemical performance, especially rapid-rate capability, which may be applied to the synthesis of other electrode materials for Li-ion batteries and supercapacitors.

9735: 3D Network Single-phase Ni0.9Zn0.1O for Lithium-Ion Batteries Guoyong Huang, Xueyi Guo, and Xiao Cao, Central South University ABSTRACT Bi-metal-oxides, a cobalt-based AB2O4

with spinel structure (e.g., NiCo2O4, MnCo2O4, ZnCo2O4) has received enormous attention by its high electronic conductivity and superior ratecapability than the single-metal oxide Co3O4.

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However, differently from Co of the 3+, the main valence state of Ni is the 2+, which makes it difficult to form single-phase bi-metal-oxides similar to the above spinel structure combining other metal elements. In this paper, a novel 3D network Ni0.9Zn0.1O has been designed and synthesized successfully with a simple and special metalorganic precursor as the self-sacrificing template. More impressively, this Ni-Zn bi-metal-oxide is not the mixture or composite of NiO and ZnO, but a unique single-phase. By evaluating through a series of electrochemical tests, the results show that the Li storage mechanism is obviously different from NiO or the mixture of NiO and ZnO, especially in initial discharge cycle. Due to the different mechanism, the initial voltage platform is lower (~ 0.5 V) than typical transition-metal oxides (~ 1.0 V) (vs. Li+/Li). And the outstanding electrochemical performance including excellent capacity retention and superior rate capability is also demonstrated.

9737: Adsorption Mechanism of 5-pentyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione onto Chalcopyrite Surfaces Xiaoxue Niu, Guangyi Liu, Zhe Hu, Longqun Ma, Yaoguo Huang, and Sheng Liu, Central South University ABSTRACT In this paper, 5-pentyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-

thione (PETT) was synthesized and characterized by UV, FTIR, 1HNMR and 13CNMR spectra. The flotation performance and adsorption mechanism of PETT to chalcopyrite were first investigated by micro-flotation, adsorption experiment, zeta potential and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results indicated that PETT exhibited excellent collecting performances for chalcopyrite flotation and it preferred to adsorb on to chalcopyrite surfaces at pH 5.0–7.0. PETT adsorption on to chalcopyrite surfaces was in line with Langmuir mode and the adsorption thermodynamic parameters ΔH, ΔS and ΔG(298K) were 54.27 kJ·mol-1, 278.82 J·mol-1·K-1 and –28.81 kJ·mol-1, respectively. This meant that the adsorption of PETT was an endothermic, spontaneous and monolayer chemisorption process. Zeta potential and XPS further revealed that PETT chemisorbed on to chalcopyrite through bonding of its nitrogen atoms in the triazole ring and the exocyclic sulfur atom with the surface copper atoms.

9525: The Influence of Quench Rate on Grain Boundary Precipitation of Mg-Si Phases in the Extruded AA6082 Alloy Zhijun Zhang and Neda Sarmady, University of British Columbia Nick Parson, Rio Tinto Aluminium Mei Li, Ford Motor Company Warren J. Poole, University of British Columbia ABSTRACT It is important to manage process param-

eters during extrusion so that the microstructure evolution of AA6082 alloys can be controlled to produce desirable mechanical properties. The quench rate after extrusion or solution treatment is one of the key parameters; it will mainly determine the precipitation of Mg-Si phases at grain boundaries and/or on dispersoids, which in turn has an important influence on the formability and ductility of the alloys. In this work, AA6082 alloy containing 0.5 wt.% Mn and 0.15 wt.% Cr was DC cast and extruded to form 3 mm × 42 mm strips. A modified Jominy end quench test was used to study different quench rates using a single sample after a solution heat treatment. The relationship between the quench rate and precipitation of MgSi phases on grain boundaries was quantitatively analyzed by FEG-SEM. The fracture properties were measured by tensile tests for selected quench rate samples. The grain boundary strength for different states of precipitation on the grain boundary was estimated using the model of Evensen and Embury.

9499: Dependence of Quench Sensitivity on Microstructure in AlMg-Si-Mn Alloys Mojtaba Mansouri Arani and Zhijun Zhang, University of British Columbia Nick Parson, Rio Tionto Aluminium Mei Li, Ford Motor Company Warren J. Poole, University of British Columbia ABSTRACT Quench sensitivity, the effect of quench

rate after extrusion or solution treatment, on the mechanical properties of 6000 series aluminum alloys, has been attributed to the loss of Mg and Si salute atoms to the heterogeneous nucleation sites (dispersoids and grain boundaries) during cooling. The weakening of the grain boundary by precipitation of Mg-Si phases on the grain boundary has detrimental effect on the mechanical properties of the material, especially strain to fracture and bending properties, which are of significant importance to automobile manufacturers. In this study, the dependence of quench sensitivity on microstructure features such as grain size and dispersoid density was investigated. Two Al-Mg-Si-Mn alloys were selected: one was Mn-free

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95

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

and the other contained 0.25% Mn. A range of grain sizes was achieved by cold work and annealing. To study a range of quench rates, a modified Jominy test was performed and the grain boundary precipitation of selected sections was quantified by FEG-SEM, revealing the grain boundary by gallium dissolution. Furthermore, the variation of the Mg and Si content on and near the grain boundary was quantified using line scan EDS on FEG-STEM. Mechanical properties were studied by tensile and wrap bending tests on selected quench rates after solution treatment.

9507: Effect of Particles on Hot Deformation Behavior of 7075 Alloy Sheet Fabricated by Twin Roll Casting Hyoungwook Kim, Korea Institute of Materials Science Lei Wang, Sandong University Yunsoo Lee, Minseok Kim, and Chayong Lim, Korea Institute of Materials Science ABSTRACT 7075 aluminum sheets with a thickness of

1 mm were successfully fabricated by the twin roll casting (TRC) and rolling process. The microstructure consists of equiaxed fine grains of a size smaller than 10 µm after an optimized thermomechanical treatment. The sheets have large fracture strain over 200% at a strain rate of 0.001/s during hot tensile test at 450°C. The large elongation had a close relation with large fraction of fine particles with a size above 1 µm. The fine particles were obtained by the high cooling rate of the Al melt during the TRC process; it contributed to inducing fully recrystallized microstructure during the cold rolling and annealing process by particle simulated nucleation. This fine-grained microstructure of 7075 sheets fabricated by TRC alloy contributed to large fracture strain of 7075 alloy sheet under the high strain rate during the hot tensile test.

9534: A Hydrometallurgical Process to Recycle Cobalt-Containing Cathode Materials from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries Norman Chow, Kemetco Research Inc. Larry W. Reaugh, American Manganese Inc. ABSTRACT Advances in the commercial development

of lithium-ion batteries have led to a transformative effect on the end-use market for cobalt. In 2015, 46% of cobalt production was destined for use in lithium-ion batteries compared to a small percentage in the year 2000. The most common cathode materials used in lithium-ion batteries contain cobalt, which alone or in combination with other metal oxides, form a stable crystal structure to host mobile lithium ions within the interstitial sites. Since

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Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

the cathode material represents the most costly component of a lithium-ion battery, there is interest in developing viable methods to recover these materials from spent batteries. This paper describes the results of laboratory work aimed at developing a hydrometallurgical process to recycle cobalt-containing cathode materials from spent lithium-ion batteries with the goal of recovering cobalt, lithium, nickel, and manganese, and reformulating the recovered materials into new cathode materials.

9626: Deportment of Gold in the BAB Ores and Implications for Gold Extraction Joe Zhou, Joe Zhou Mineralogy Ltd. and Zijin Mining Group Jing Li and Hongzhen Xie, Zijin Mining Group ABSTRACT The BAB low-grade gold deposit in West-

ern Australia consists of three types of gold ores (i.e., oxide ore, transitional ore, and primary ore). To assist in developing the process for gold extraction, a deportment study was conducted on the gold in these ore types. Results showed that a large portion of the gold in the BAB ores occurs as fineto medium-grained particles and can be recovered by cyanidation with or without gravity. Flotation is not economic due to extremely low sulfide concentration. This poster presents the gold deportment study results and discusses the impact of gold deportment on gold extraction of the BAB ore.

9349: A Novel Process for Treatment of High-Iron Zinc Sulfide Concentrates Cunxiong Li, Chang Wei, Zhigan Deng, Xingbin Li, Fan Gang, Fan Zhang, and Minting Li, Kunming University of Science and Technology ABSTRACT High-iron (weight percent Fe greater than

15%) zinc sulfide ores, which are rich and account for nearly seven million tons in Yunnan Province of China, were treated by a novel process. In the novel process, zinc, copper, and indium are recovered from high-iron zinc sulfide concentrate by hot acid reductive leaching of zinc neutral leaching residue with zinc concentrate, precipitation of copper with iron powder, neutralization of free sulfuric acid with lime, precipitation of indium with zinc powder, and hematite precipitation to reject iron. Results show that the total recovery of zinc and sedimentation rate of copper and indium were above 96, 99, and 95%, respectively. During the hematite precipitation process, more than 93% of the iron was precipitated, and the chemical composition of the hematite precipitate obtained at 190°C for 180 min was 63% Fe, 1.9% S, and 0.48% Zn.

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COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

9519: An Investigation of Manganese Segregation in the As-Cast Structure of Dual Phase Steels using Micro X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy Tasneem Mahzabeen and Mary Wells, University of Waterloo Joydeep Sengupta, Jackie Leung, and Amir Noorafkan, Arcelor Mittal Dofasco Massimo DiCiano, University of Waterloo ABSTRACT Formations of martensite bands at the

centerline of sheets are precursors to potential failure of dual phase steel products. The underlying cause of band formation is attributed to the segregation of manganese during the casting process. This paper investigates the eects of manganese concentration and casting parameters on the spatial macro-segregation present within the as-cast structure. A new experimental technique, micro-Xray uorescence spectroscopy, was used to create elemental maps of manganese. The maps shed light on the behaviour of manganese segregation as a function of the selected variables in a qualitative and quantitative manner.

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97

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing (p2) Advances in Materials Manufacturing (p10) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials (p16) Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy (p21) Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing (p25) General Hydrometallurgy (p31) Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance (p38) Ni-Co 2017 - Hydrometallurgy (p42) Pyrometallurgy (p55) World Gold (p66)

AUTHOR INDEX Author

Symposium

Session

Date and Time

Room

World Gold

Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Plaza A 2nd floor

A Abdollahi Mahmoud Abdul Baseer

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Sulfides

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:45

Regency B 3rd floor

Acuña Cesar

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Regency A 3rd floor

Adachi Masato

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing III

Tuesday Aug 29, 15:40

Plaza C 2nd floor

Adamek Anna

Invited Plenary

Plenary

Monday, Aug 28, 8:25

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Agius Randy

World Gold

Environmental: Cyanide Measurement and Destruction

Tuesday Aug 29, 15:40

Georgia A 2nd floor

Ahern Noelene

World Gold

Environmental: Cyanide Measurement and Destruction

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:05

Georgia A 2nd floor

Ahern Noelene

Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy

Enabling Innovation

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:05

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Ahmadi A.

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Recycling and Tailings Treatment

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:45

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Ahn Junmo

General Hydrometallurgy

Copper Hydrometallurgy

Monday, Aug 28, 10:05

Plaza B 2nd floor

Ahn Junmo

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Case Studies

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Plaza A 2nd floor

Aja Ruben

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Sea Nodule Processing

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:05

Regency A 3rd floor

Akhtar Ainul

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Plaza C 2nd floor

Al-Dojayli Maher

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

General Pyrometallurgy II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:50

Regency A 3rd floor

Aldrich Chris

World Gold

Environmental: Mercury and Arsenic Remediation

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Georgia A 2nd floor

Alfonso Pura

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Mineral Processing

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:00

Georgia B 2nd floor

Ali H. Saeed

World Gold

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:25

Georgia A 2nd floor

Aliprandini Paula

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery I

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Regency B 3rd floor

Aliprandini Paula

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery I

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:25

Regency B 3rd floor

Alonso-González Omero

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Gold Tellurides and Selenides

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:25

Plaza B 2nd floor

Alonso-González Omero

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Gold Tellurides and Selenides

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:50

Plaza B 2nd floor

Alvarado-Hernandez Francisco

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Gold Tellurides and Selenides

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:25

Plaza B 2nd floor

Alzate Andrea

World Gold

Environmental: Novel Methods of Gold Recovery

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Georgia A 2nd floor

Amano Toru

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

HPAL Operations

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:00

Regency B 3rd floor

Amos R.

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing IV

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Plaza C 2nd floor

Ang Cheen Aik

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites I

Monday, Aug 28, 14:00

Regency B 3rd floor

Anticoi Hernan

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Mineral Processing

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:00

Georgia B 2nd floor

Antonio Magno

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Pressure Oxidation

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:45

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Antrekowitsch Juergen

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Dev II

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:05

Plaza B 2nd floor

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Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum | www.metsoc.org

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing (p2) Advances in Materials Manufacturing (p10) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials (p16) Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy (p21) Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing (p25) General Hydrometallurgy (p31) Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance (p38) Ni-Co 2017 - Hydrometallurgy (p42) Pyrometallurgy (p55) World Gold (p66) Author

Symposium

Session

Date and Time

Room

Arafin M.

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Tuesday Aug 29, 9:15

Stanley 34th floor

Arancibia Camila

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Regency A 3rd floor

Arrigan Damien

World Gold

Environmental: Mercury and Arsenic Remediation

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Georgia A 2nd floor

Arsenault Simon

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

General Pyrometallurgy II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:50

Regency A 3rd floor

Ash Michelle

Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy

Enabling Innovation

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:20

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Askari Masoud

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Arsenic; Waste Management

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:50

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Askari Masoud

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Recycling and Tailings Treatment

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:45

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Aspiala Markus

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Characterization Techniques

Monday, Aug 28, 14:00

Georgia B 2nd floor

Asselin Edouard

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Preg-robbing II

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Asselin Edouard

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Preg-robbing II

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Asselin Edouard

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Sulfides

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:45

Regency B 3rd floor

Aswin K.

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology I

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Regency A 3rd floor

Atwood Jasper

World Gold

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery I

Monday, Aug 28, 16:30

Georgia A 2nd floor

Aube Veronique

World Gold

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery I

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Georgia A 2nd floor

Awmack Jaime

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Case Studies

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:50

Plaza A 2nd floor

Ay Peter

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Recycling and Tailings Treatment

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:05

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Aylmore Mark

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Azimi Gisele

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites I

Monday, Aug 28, 14:00

Regency B 3rd floor

World Gold

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Georgia A 2nd floor

B Baker Brent Bakker Martin

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology II

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:05

Regency A 3rd floor

Balzan Luke

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Real-Time Online-Measuring and Sorting Techniques

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:05

Georgia B 2nd floor

Barakate Mohammed

World Gold

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery I

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Georgia A 2nd floor

Barati Mansoor

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 11:45

Regency A 3rd floor

Barbaroux Romain

World Gold

Environmental: Mercury and Arsenic Remediation

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Georgia A 2nd floor

Barbetti Karen

World Gold

Process Control and Optimization

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:20

Plaza A 2nd floor

Barnard Eric

World Gold

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery I

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Georgia A 2nd floor

Barnard Keith

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Refinery Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 10:55

Regency B 3rd floor

Barr Glenn

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Sulfides

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Regency B 3rd floor

Barton Isabel

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Case Studies

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Plaza A 2nd floor

Bas Ahmet Deniz

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Basi Jeet

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Atmospheric Leaching

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:20

Plaza B 2nd floor

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99

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing (p2) Advances in Materials Manufacturing (p10) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials (p16) Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy (p21) Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing (p25) General Hydrometallurgy (p31) Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance (p38) Ni-Co 2017 - Hydrometallurgy (p42) Pyrometallurgy (p55) World Gold (p66) Author

Symposium

Session

Date and Time

Room

Bauk Zoran

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Real-Time Online-Measuring and Sorting Techniques

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:05

Georgia B 2nd floor

Baum Wolfgang

World Gold

World Gold Keynote

Monday, Aug 28, 10:05

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Bax Alan

World Gold

Comminution and Mineral Processing

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Plaza A 2nd floor

Beaulieu Robert

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Regency A 3rd floor

Bellec S.

World Gold

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery I

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Georgia A 2nd floor

Benigni Caterina

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Dev II

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:05

Plaza B 2nd floor

Benzakour Intissar

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Bergeron Yanick

World Gold

Comminution and Mineral Processing

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Plaza A 2nd floor

Bergfeldt Trevor

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery II

Wednesday Aug 30, 15:40

Regency B 3rd floor

Bergstrand C.

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Cyanide Leaching and Alternatives I

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:25

Plaza A 2nd floor

Bernardin Martin

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Plaza B 2nd floor

Beyer Christoph

World Gold

World Gold Keynote

Monday, Aug 28, 10:05

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Bezuidenhout Gert

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Cyanide Leaching and Alternatives II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Plaza B 2nd floor

Bisaka Kabwika

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

General Pyrometallurgy II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Regency A 3rd floor

Bishop D.

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing IV

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:50

Plaza C 2nd floor

Blouin Alain

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Techniques

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:00

Plaza A 2nd floor

Bogno Abdoul-Aziz

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 8:25

Plaza C 2nd floor

Borsoi A.

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Water

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Botton Gianluigi

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:05

Stanley 34th floor

Bouchard Paul

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Techniques

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:00

Plaza A 2nd floor

Bouhafid Abdelmounaaim

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Boulaamail Abdellah

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Bourricaudy Ernesto

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites I

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Regency B 3rd floor

Bouzy Emmanuel

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 9:15

Plaza C 2nd floor

Bowen Jeff

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Preg-robbing I

Monday, Aug 28, 14:00

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Brits Johann

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Refinery Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 11:45

Regency B 3rd floor

Brough Chris

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Characterization Techniques

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Georgia B 2nd floor

Bruening Ronald

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery II

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:50

Regency B 3rd floor

Bryan I.

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Cyanide Leaching and Alternatives II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Plaza B 2nd floor

Bryson Les

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Refinery Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 11:45

Regency B 3rd floor

Budac James

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Refinery Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 10:05

Regency B 3rd floor

Budna Karl

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology I

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Regency A 3rd floor

100

Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum | www.metsoc.org

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing (p2) Advances in Materials Manufacturing (p10) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials (p16) Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy (p21) Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing (p25) General Hydrometallurgy (p31) Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance (p38) Ni-Co 2017 - Hydrometallurgy (p42) Pyrometallurgy (p55) World Gold (p66) Author

Symposium

Session

Date and Time

Room

Bui T. P.

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology II

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:55

Regency A 3rd floor

Bumby Chris

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Dev I

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Plaza B 2nd floor

Bunyard Mick

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Energy and Eco-Efficiency; Discussion

Monday, Aug 28, 10:55

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Calabia B.

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Breaking/Crushing/Grinding

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Georgia B 2nd floor

Calder Keith

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Pyro+Hydrometallurgy of Ni-Co KEYNOTE

Tuesday Aug 29, 8:00

Regency B 3rd floor

Callele Logan

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:05

Stanley 34th floor

Cambiaso Veronica

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

General Pyrometallurgy II

Wednesday Aug 30, 9:15

Regency A 3rd floor

Cameron Rory

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Recycling and Tailings Treatment

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:20

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

C

Cao Xiao

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Cao Xinjin

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing II

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:00

Plaza C 2nd floor

Cao Xinjin

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing IV

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Plaza C 2nd floor

Cao Xinjin

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing V

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:45

Plaza C 2nd floor

Caraconcea I.

World Gold

Process Control and Optimization

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:55

Plaza A 2nd floor

Carr David

World Gold

Process Control and Optimization

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:30

Plaza A 2nd floor

Castellanos Suarez J.

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Sea Nodule Processing

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:05

Regency A 3rd floor

Castillo-VentureĂąo E. N.

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Gold Tellurides and Selenides

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:00

Plaza B 2nd floor

Castro S.

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Flotation

Monday, Aug 28, 10:05

Georgia B 2nd floor

Causse Ramon

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Sea Nodule Processing

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:05

Regency A 3rd floor

Chaik Younes

World Gold

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery I

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Georgia A 2nd floor

Chalkley Mike

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

HPAL Operations

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:50

Regency B 3rd floor

Charitos Alexandros

World Gold

Operations: Pre-Treatments

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:50

Georgia A 2nd floor

Chattopadhyay Aparup

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Geometallurgy

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Plaza A 2nd floor

Chen Daolun

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing II

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:00

Plaza C 2nd floor

Chen Honghao

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:20

Stanley 34th floor

Chen Jeff

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Regency A 3rd floor

Chen Jia

General Hydrometallurgy

Copper Hydrometallurgy

Monday, Aug 28, 10:55

Plaza B 2nd floor

Chen X. -Grant

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Chen X. -Grant

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing IV

Wednesday Aug 30, 9:15

Plaza C 2nd floor

Chen Xiaoying

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Case Studies

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:25

Plaza A 2nd floor

Chen Zhe

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Preg-robbing I

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Cheng Frank

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:25

Stanley 34th floor

www.metsoc.org | Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum

101

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing (p2) Advances in Materials Manufacturing (p10) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials (p16) Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy (p21) Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing (p25) General Hydrometallurgy (p31) Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance (p38) Ni-Co 2017 - Hydrometallurgy (p42) Pyrometallurgy (p55) World Gold (p66) Author

Symposium

Session

Date and Time

Room

Cheung NoĂŠ

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Plaza C 2nd floor

Chiu K.

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing IV

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Plaza C 2nd floor

Choi Inhyeok

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Dev I

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Plaza B 2nd floor

Choi Yeonuk

World Gold

Environmental: Mercury and Arsenic Remediation

Monday, Aug 28, 14:00

Georgia A 2nd floor

Choi Yeonuk

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Pressure Oxidation

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Choi Yeonuk

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Choi Yeonuk

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Atmospheric Leaching

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:05

Plaza B 2nd floor

Choi Yeonuk

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Atmospheric Leaching

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:55

Plaza B 2nd floor

Choi Yeonuk

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Atmospheric Leaching

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:45

Plaza B 2nd floor

Chouinard Caroline

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Cyanide Leaching and Alternatives II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:50

Plaza B 2nd floor

Chow Norman

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Chugaev Lev

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Preg-robbing I

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Cline Harold

World Gold

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:50

Georgia A 2nd floor

Cockcroft Steve

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Plaza C 2nd floor

Cockcroft Steve

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 8:50

Plaza C 2nd floor

Cockcroft Steve

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Plaza C 2nd floor

Cockcroft Steve

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Plaza C 2nd floor

Coghill Peter

World Gold

Pre-Concentration

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:05

Georgia A 2nd floor

Cohen Laurent

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery I

Wednesday Aug 30, 9:15

Regency B 3rd floor

Collins Michael

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Pressure Oxidation

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:45

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Collins Michael

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

HPAL Operations

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:25

Regency B 3rd floor

Concha Silva Valentina

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Plaza B 2nd floor

Contasti Laura

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Energy

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Coull Zoe

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:30

Stanley 34th floor

Cousineau Myriam

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 16:30

Regency A 3rd floor

Cousineau Myriam

World Gold

Process Control and Optimization

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:55

Plaza A 2nd floor

Cowan Denver

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Atmospheric Leaching

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:05

Plaza B 2nd floor

Cowan Denver

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Atmospheric Leaching

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:45

Plaza B 2nd floor

Cruz Rodrigo

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Regency A 3rd floor

Cummings A.

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 10:55

Regency A 3rd floor

102

Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum | www.metsoc.org

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing (p2) Advances in Materials Manufacturing (p10) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials (p16) Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy (p21) Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing (p25) General Hydrometallurgy (p31) Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance (p38) Ni-Co 2017 - Hydrometallurgy (p42) Pyrometallurgy (p55) World Gold (p66) Author

Symposium

Session

Date and Time

Room

Cushing Alexander

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Flotation

Monday, Aug 28, 10:55

Georgia B 2nd floor

Daloz Dominique

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 9:15

Plaza C 2nd floor

Davis Boyd

Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy

Enabling Innovation

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:25

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Davis Boyd

Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy

Enabling Innovation

Wednesday Aug 30, 15:40

Regency DEF 3rd floor

DeJong Blanche

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Techniques

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:25

Plaza A 2nd floor

Demir U.

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Flotation

Monday, Aug 28, 11:45

Georgia B 2nd floor

Deng Zhigan

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Dennett James

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Refinery Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 10:05

Regency B 3rd floor

Dennett James

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Pressure Oxidation

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:45

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Deschenes Guy

World Gold

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery I

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Georgia A 2nd floor

Deshaies M.

World Gold

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery I

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Georgia A 2nd floor

DĂ­az Eduardo

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Colloidal Interactions Keynote, Geometallurgy

Tuesday Aug 29, 9:15

Georgia B 2nd floor

D

DiCiano Massimo

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

DiGiovanni Christopher

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Wednesday Aug 30,

Stanley 34th floor

Dimov Stamen

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Preg-robbing I

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Dimov Stamen

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Geometallurgy

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Plaza A 2nd floor

Dobby Glenn

Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy

Enabling Innovation

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:55

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Dodbiba G.

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Breaking/Crushing/Grinding

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Georgia B 2nd floor

Dogan Neslihan

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing I

Monday, Aug 28, 11:45

Plaza C 2nd floor

Donald Jeffrey

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Sea Nodule Processing

Tuesday Aug 29, 15:40

Regency A 3rd floor

Dong Jianxin

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing V

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:55

Plaza C 2nd floor

Dreisinger David

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites I

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Regency B 3rd floor

Dreisinger David

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Energy

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Dreisinger David

World Gold

World Gold Panel

Tuesday Aug 29, 8:00

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Dreisinger David

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Pressure Oxidation

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Dreisinger David

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Water

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Dreisinger David

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Dev I

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:45

Plaza B 2nd floor

Dreisinger David

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Dreisinger David

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery I

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Regency B 3rd floor

Drew Bob

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology I

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Regency A 3rd floor

Driver Robert

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:05

Stanley 34th floor

www.metsoc.org | Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum

103

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing (p2) Advances in Materials Manufacturing (p10) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials (p16) Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy (p21) Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing (p25) General Hydrometallurgy (p31) Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance (p38) Ni-Co 2017 - Hydrometallurgy (p42) Pyrometallurgy (p55) World Gold (p66) Author

Symposium

Session

Date and Time

Room

Dunne Robert

World Gold

Comminution and Mineral Processing

Monday, Aug 28, 16:30

Plaza A 2nd floor

Dunne Robert

World Gold

Environmental: Reducing Water Usage

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:25

Georgia A 2nd floor

Dutta Brighty

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Dev I

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:45

Plaza B 2nd floor

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 10:30

Regency A 3rd floor

E Eccleston Eric Ed Doua Boubker

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Eddahabi Moulay

World Gold

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery I

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Georgia A 2nd floor

Edwards Elizabeth

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Recycling and Tailings Treatment

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:55

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Eguchi Masahiro

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Water

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Eksteen Jacobus

World Gold

Environmental: Mercury and Arsenic Remediation

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Georgia A 2nd floor

Eksteen Jacobus

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Cyanide Leaching and Alternatives II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Plaza B 2nd floor

El Haddad Josette

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Techniques

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:00

Plaza A 2nd floor

El Hajjam Youssef

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Ellenwood Robert

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Pressure Oxidation

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:45

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Ellenwood Robert

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

HPAL Operations

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:50

Regency B 3rd floor

Engelbrecht Edmund

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Refinery Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 11:20

Regency B 3rd floor

Eom Hyung Sub

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites I

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Regency B 3rd floor

Epiney Michel

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Cyanide Leaching and Alternatives I

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:00

Plaza A 2nd floor

Epiney Michel

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Cyanide Leaching and Alternatives I

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:50

Plaza A 2nd floor

Erwee Markus

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology I

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:05

Regency A 3rd floor

Erwee Markus

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

General Pyrometallurgy II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Regency A 3rd floor

Erwee Markus

Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy

Enabling Innovation

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:00

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Escobet Teresa

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Mineral Processing

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:00

Georgia B 2nd floor

Esmaeili Niyousha

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing IV

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:25

Plaza C 2nd floor

Esmaeili Shahrzad

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Monday, Aug 28, 14:00

Plaza C 2nd floor

Espinosa Denise

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery I

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Regency B 3rd floor

Espinosa Denise

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery I

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:25

Regency B 3rd floor

Ewart Ian

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery II

Wednesday Aug 30, 15:40

Regency B 3rd floor

Fan P.

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Plaza C 2nd floor

Farhang Mehr Farzaneh

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 8:50

Plaza C 2nd floor

F

104

Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum | www.metsoc.org

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing (p2) Advances in Materials Manufacturing (p10) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials (p16) Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy (p21) Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing (p25) General Hydrometallurgy (p31) Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance (p38) Ni-Co 2017 - Hydrometallurgy (p42) Pyrometallurgy (p55) World Gold (p66) Author

Symposium

Session

Date and Time

Room

Faris Murray

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Pressure Oxidation

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:45

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Faris Murray

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

HPAL Operations

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:25

Regency B 3rd floor

Farr Ian

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

High Pressure Equipment

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:05

Regency B 3rd floor

Faucher Santiago

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Energy

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Faucher Santiago

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology I

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Regency A 3rd floor

Feichtenhofer Erich

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites II

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:05

Regency B 3rd floor

Feng Chong

World Gold

Environmental: Mercury and Arsenic Remediation

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Georgia A 2nd floor

Fihey Jean-Luc

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing V

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:45

Plaza C 2nd floor

Flynn Michael

Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy

Enabling Innovation

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:05

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Fomenko Ilia

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Preg-robbing I

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Frater Bradley

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Geometallurgy

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:05

Plaza A 2nd floor

Fuentes-Aceituno Juan Carlos

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Gold Tellurides and Selenides

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:00

Plaza B 2nd floor

Fujita Toyohisa

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Breaking/Crushing/Grinding

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Georgia B 2nd floor

Fukuda Hiroki

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Water

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Fuwa Akio

General Hydrometallurgy

Copper Hydrometallurgy

Monday, Aug 28, 11:20

Plaza B 2nd floor

Gagnon Andre

World Gold

Environmental: Reducing Water Usage

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:00

Georgia A 2nd floor

Gagnon Marie-des-Neiges

World Gold

Comminution and Mineral Processing

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Plaza A 2nd floor

Gamarano Thomas

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Refinery Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 10:55

Regency B 3rd floor

Gang Fan

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

G

Garces Adriana

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites II

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:30

Regency B 3rd floor

Garcia Amauri

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Plaza C 2nd floor

Garcia Curiel Gabriel

World Gold

Environmental: Mercury and Arsenic Remediation

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Georgia A 2nd floor

Gardner Eric

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 10:30

Regency A 3rd floor

Gardner Karyn

World Gold

Process Control and Optimization

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:45

Plaza A 2nd floor

GariĂŠpy Simon

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 16:30

Regency A 3rd floor

GariĂŠpy Simon

World Gold

Process Control and Optimization

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:55

Plaza A 2nd floor

Geoffroy Nicolas

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:55

Stanley 34th floor

Gerlich Adrian P.

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 8:00

Plaza C 2nd floor

Gerlich Adrian P.

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing II

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:50

Plaza C 2nd floor

Ghahreman A

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Flotation

Monday, Aug 28, 10:55

Georgia B 2nd floor

Ghali Edward

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

www.metsoc.org | Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum

105

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing (p2) Advances in Materials Manufacturing (p10) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials (p16) Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy (p21) Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing (p25) General Hydrometallurgy (p31) Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance (p38) Ni-Co 2017 - Hydrometallurgy (p42) Pyrometallurgy (p55) World Gold (p66) Author

Symposium

Session

Date and Time

Room

Gholipour J.

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing II

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:00

Plaza C 2nd floor

Gholipour J.

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing IV

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Plaza C 2nd floor

Ghorbani Hamid

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

General Pyrometallurgy II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:50

Regency A 3rd floor

Ghuman Karanvir Singh Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing V

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:20

Plaza C 2nd floor

Girard Denis

World Gold

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:50

Georgia A 2nd floor

Girard J.

World Gold

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery I

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Georgia A 2nd floor

Giyani Baker

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Breaking/Crushing/Grinding

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Georgia B 2nd floor

Gomes Leonardo

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Plaza C 2nd floor

Gomez Mario

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Pressure Oxidation

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Gonzalez Oberlando

World Gold

Environmental: Novel Methods of Gold Recovery

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Georgia A 2nd floor

Gonzalez-Anaya Juan

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Gold Tellurides and Selenides

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:25

Plaza B 2nd floor

Gonzรกlez-Ibarra Adrian Amilcare

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Gold Tellurides and Selenides

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:00

Plaza B 2nd floor

Goodall Graeme

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 10:55

Regency A 3rd floor

Goodall Graeme

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 11:20

Regency A 3rd floor

Gorain Barun

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Geometallurgy

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Plaza A 2nd floor

Gough William

World Gold

Process Control and Optimization

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:30

Plaza A 2nd floor

Gould Douglas

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Recycling and Tailings Treatment

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:20

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Govindarajan Srinath Garg

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Recycling and Tailings Treatment

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:55

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Graham Shaun

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Characterization Techniques

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Georgia B 2nd floor

Grammatikopoulos Tassos

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites I

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Regency B 3rd floor

Grammatikopoulos Tassos

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Colloidal Interactions Keynote, Geometallurgy

Tuesday Aug 29, 8:50

Georgia B 2nd floor

Granata Giuseppe

General Hydrometallurgy

Copper Hydrometallurgy

Monday, Aug 28, 10:55

Plaza B 2nd floor

Granata Giuseppe

General Hydrometallurgy

Copper Hydrometallurgy

Monday, Aug 28, 11:20

Plaza B 2nd floor

Granata Giuseppe

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Water

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Granata Giuseppe

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Dev II

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:25

Plaza B 2nd floor

Gregurek Dean

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology I

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Regency A 3rd floor

Grimsey David

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 14:00

Regency A 3rd floor

Grimsey David

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology I

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Regency A 3rd floor

Grimsey Eric

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology I

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Regency A 3rd floor

Guasch Eduard

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Mineral Processing

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:00

Georgia B 2nd floor

Gunaratnam Ajanthia

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Pressure Oxidation

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Regency DEF 3rd floor

106

Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum | www.metsoc.org

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing (p2) Advances in Materials Manufacturing (p10) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials (p16) Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy (p21) Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing (p25) General Hydrometallurgy (p31) Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance (p38) Ni-Co 2017 - Hydrometallurgy (p42) Pyrometallurgy (p55) World Gold (p66) Author

Symposium

Session

Date and Time

Room

Guo Xueyi

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Guzman Igor

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Pressure Oxidation

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:05

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Gwynn-Jones Stephen

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology II

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:05

Regency A 3rd floor

H Ha Minchul

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Ha Minchul

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology II

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:45

Regency A 3rd floor

Haaks Andreas

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

General Pyrometallurgy I

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:50

Regency A 3rd floor

Haas Alyssa

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing I

Monday, Aug 28, 11:45

Plaza C 2nd floor

Haavanlammi Kaarlo

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites I

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Regency B 3rd floor

Haavanlammi Kaarlo

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Sulfides

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Regency B 3rd floor

Habashi Fathi

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 14:00

Plaza B 2nd floor

Hamid Sarbast

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Mineral Processing

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:00

Georgia B 2nd floor

Hammerschmidt Joerg

World Gold

Operations: Pre-Treatments

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:50

Georgia A 2nd floor

Han Gilsoo

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites I

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Regency B 3rd floor

Harhira Aissa

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Techniques

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:00

Plaza A 2nd floor

Haro-Rodriguez Sergio

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Gold Tellurides and Selenides

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:25

Plaza B 2nd floor

Harris Andrew

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Real-Time Online-Measuring and Sorting Techniques

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:05

Georgia B 2nd floor

Hart Brian

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Preg-robbing I

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Hart Brian

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Geometallurgy

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Plaza A 2nd floor

Hashemzadeh Mohsen

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Plaza B 2nd floor

Hawker William

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Pressure Oxidation

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Hayes Peter

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 14:00

Regency A 3rd floor

Hayes Peter

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Regency A 3rd floor

Hedjazi Farhang

World Gold

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:25

Georgia A 2nd floor

Heguri Shinichi

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery I

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:50

Regency B 3rd floor

Henein Hani

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing I

Monday, Aug 28, 10:05

Plaza C 2nd floor

Henein Hani

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 8:25

Plaza C 2nd floor

Hidayat Taufiq

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 14:00

Regency A 3rd floor

Hidayat Taufiq

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Regency A 3rd floor

Hille Simon

World Gold

World Gold Keynote

Monday, Aug 28, 10:55

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Hille Simon

World Gold

World Gold Panel

Tuesday Aug 29, 8:00

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Hille Simon

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Atmospheric Leaching

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:20

Plaza B 2nd floor

www.metsoc.org | Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum

107

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing (p2) Advances in Materials Manufacturing (p10) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials (p16) Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy (p21) Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing (p25) General Hydrometallurgy (p31) Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance (p38) Ni-Co 2017 - Hydrometallurgy (p42) Pyrometallurgy (p55) World Gold (p66) Author

Symposium

Session

Date and Time

Room

Hille Simon

Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy

Enabling Innovation

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:45

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Hille Simon

World Gold

Operations: Pre-Treatments

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:00

Georgia A 2nd floor

Hilscher Brent

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Real-Time Online-Measuring and Sorting Techniques

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Georgia B 2nd floor

Hitchins T.

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Energy

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Hobo Shungo

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Water

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Hofmeyr Pierre

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Techniques

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:25

Plaza A 2nd floor

Hohenstein B.

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Techniques

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:25

Plaza A 2nd floor

Holloway Preston

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

HPAL Operations

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:25

Regency B 3rd floor

Holmwood Rod

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

HPAL Operations

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:25

Regency B 3rd floor

Holuszko Maria

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Characterization Techniques

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Georgia B 2nd floor

Holuszko Maria

World Gold

Environmental: Novel Methods of Gold Recovery

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Georgia A 2nd floor

Honan Scott

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites I

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Regency B 3rd floor

Horikawa Keitaro

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Plaza C 2nd floor

Horiuchi Kengo

General Hydrometallurgy

Copper Hydrometallurgy

Monday, Aug 28, 10:55

Plaza B 2nd floor

Horiuchi Kengo

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Breaking/Crushing/Grinding

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Georgia B 2nd floor

Hosseinpour Ali

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

General Pyrometallurgy II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:25

Regency A 3rd floor

Hourn Mike

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Sulfides

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Regency B 3rd floor

Hourn Mike

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Atmospheric Leaching

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:30

Plaza B 2nd floor

Hu Zhe

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Huang Guoyong

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Huang Yaoguo

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Ibana Don

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology I

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Regency A 3rd floor

Idegami Atsushi

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery II

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:25

Regency B 3rd floor

Imamura Masaki

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery II

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:25

Regency B 3rd floor

Ivana Ambrosia

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Pressure Oxidation

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Iwazaki Yusuke

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Breaking/Crushing/Grinding

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Georgia B 2nd floor

Izatt Neil

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery II

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:50

Regency B 3rd floor

Izatt R. M.

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery II

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:50

Regency B 3rd floor

Izatt Steven

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery II

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:50

Regency B 3rd floor

Jabbar Rifat

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 10:55

Regency A 3rd floor

Jabbar Rifat

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 11:20

Regency A 3rd floor

Jahromi Fazel

General Hydrometallurgy

Copper Hydrometallurgy

Monday, Aug 28, 10:30

Plaza B 2nd floor

I

J

108

Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum | www.metsoc.org

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing (p2) Advances in Materials Manufacturing (p10) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials (p16) Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy (p21) Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing (p25) General Hydrometallurgy (p31) Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance (p38) Ni-Co 2017 - Hydrometallurgy (p42) Pyrometallurgy (p55) World Gold (p66) Author

Symposium

Session

Date and Time

Room

Jahromi Fazel

General Hydrometallurgy

Copper Hydrometallurgy

Monday, Aug 28, 11:45

Plaza B 2nd floor

Jak Evgueni

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 14:00

Regency A 3rd floor

Jak Evgueni

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Regency A 3rd floor

Jameson Logan

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Case Studies

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:50

Plaza A 2nd floor

Jarvis M.

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Energy

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Javadi Sadegh

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Energy

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Ji Qiang

World Gold

World Gold Keynote

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Georgia A 2nd floor

Jiang Jiaren

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Stanley 34th floor

Jiang John

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Geometallurgy

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Plaza A 2nd floor

Jiménez Correa Mónica Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery I

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Regency B 3rd floor

Jiménez Correa Mónica Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery I

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:25

Regency B 3rd floor

Jo Sungkoo

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites I

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Regency B 3rd floor

Johnson Mike

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites I

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Regency B 3rd floor

Johnson Quenton

World Gold

Process Control and Optimization

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:30

Plaza A 2nd floor

Johnson Tim

World Gold

Environmental: Novel Methods of Gold Recovery

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Georgia A 2nd floor

Johnson Tim

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology I

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:45

Regency A 3rd floor

Johnston Tim

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Jolly Mark

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:05

Plaza C 2nd floor

Jones Rodney T.

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology I

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:05

Regency A 3rd floor

Jones Rodney T.

Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy

Enabling Innovation

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:00

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Joubert Hugo

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology II

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:05

Regency A 3rd floor

Judd Kurtis

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Recycling and Tailings Treatment

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:55

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Jyothi Rajesh Kumar

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Kaddami Abderrahman

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Kakitani Rafael

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Plaza C 2nd floor

Kang Suk Hoon

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing I

Monday, Aug 28, 11:20

Plaza C 2nd floor

Karimi Saeid

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Dev I

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Plaza B 2nd floor

Kato Tatsuya

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Dev II

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:25

Plaza B 2nd floor

Kawarabuki Ryo

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Breaking/Crushing/Grinding

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Georgia B 2nd floor

Kawata M.

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Breaking/Crushing/Grinding

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Georgia B 2nd floor

Kawata Munekazu

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

HPAL Operations

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:00

Regency B 3rd floor

Ke Pingchao

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Arsenic; Waste Management

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:00

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Ke Pingchao

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Arsenic; Waste Management

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:25

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Kelebek Sadan

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Flotation

Monday, Aug 28, 10:55

Georgia B 2nd floor

K

www.metsoc.org | Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum

109

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing (p2) Advances in Materials Manufacturing (p10) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials (p16) Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy (p21) Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing (p25) General Hydrometallurgy (p31) Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance (p38) Ni-Co 2017 - Hydrometallurgy (p42) Pyrometallurgy (p55) World Gold (p66) Author

Symposium

Session

Date and Time

Room

Kelebek Sadan

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Flotation

Monday, Aug 28, 11:20

Georgia B 2nd floor

Kelebek Sadan

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Flotation

Monday, Aug 28, 11:45

Georgia B 2nd floor

Kempe Christian

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

General Pyrometallurgy I

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:50

Regency A 3rd floor

Kennedy Jacob

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 9:15

Plaza C 2nd floor

Kerr Trent

World Gold

Operations: Pre-Treatments

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:50

Georgia A 2nd floor

Khaksar Ladan

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Stanley 34th floor

Khalesi Mohammad Reza

World Gold

Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Plaza A 2nd floor

Khodabakhshi Farzad

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 8:00

Plaza C 2nd floor

Khodabakhshi Farzad

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing II

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:50

Plaza C 2nd floor

Khodadadi Darban Ahmad

World Gold

Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Plaza A 2nd floor

Kianinia Yaser

World Gold

Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Plaza A 2nd floor

Kikutani Hideki

World Gold

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery I

Monday, Aug 28, 16:30

Georgia A 2nd floor

Kim Ga Eon

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing I

Monday, Aug 28, 11:20

Plaza C 2nd floor

Kim GuenHee

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Kim Hyoungwook

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Kim Ki Baik

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing I

Monday, Aug 28, 11:20

Plaza C 2nd floor

Kim Minseok

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Kim Minseok

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology II

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:45

Regency A 3rd floor

Kim Rina

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Cyanide Leaching and Alternatives I

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:00

Plaza A 2nd floor

Kim Rina

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Cyanide Leaching and Alternatives I

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:50

Plaza A 2nd floor

Kim Sookyong

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Dev II

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:50

Plaza B 2nd floor

Kim Tae Kyu

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing I

Monday, Aug 28, 11:20

Plaza C 2nd floor

Kim YongHo

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Kish Joseph

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:05

Stanley 34th floor

Kish Joseph

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing V

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:05

Plaza C 2nd floor

Kitahata S.

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Plaza C 2nd floor

Klein Bern

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Breaking/Crushing/Grinding

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Georgia B 2nd floor

Klein Bern

World Gold

Pre-Concentration

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:20

Georgia A 2nd floor

Knecht Johann

World Gold

World Gold Keynote

Monday, Aug 28, 10:05

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Knilans Charles

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Sulfides

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Regency B 3rd floor

Kobayashi Hidetoshi

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Plaza C 2nd floor

Kobylin Petri

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Sulfides

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Regency B 3rd floor

Kochhar Ajay

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

110

Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum | www.metsoc.org

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing (p2) Advances in Materials Manufacturing (p10) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials (p16) Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy (p21) Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing (p25) General Hydrometallurgy (p31) Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance (p38) Ni-Co 2017 - Hydrometallurgy (p42) Pyrometallurgy (p55) World Gold (p66) Author

Symposium

Session

Date and Time

Room

Kojovic Toni

World Gold

Comminution and Mineral Processing

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Plaza A 2nd floor

Kon Yoshiaki

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Breaking/Crushing/Grinding

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Georgia B 2nd floor

Kondos Peter

World Gold

World Gold Panel

Tuesday Aug 29, 8:00

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Koss E.

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Flotation

Monday, Aug 28, 11:45

Georgia B 2nd floor

Kosugi Masato

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Breaking/Crushing/Grinding

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Georgia B 2nd floor

Kotelo L.

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Real-Time Online-Measuring and Sorting Techniques

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:45

Georgia B 2nd floor

Kotiranta Tuukka

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Sulfides

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Regency B 3rd floor

Kourunen Jari

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Cyanide Leaching and Alternatives II

Wednesday Aug 30, 9:15

Plaza B 2nd floor

Kracht Willy

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Colloidal Interactions Keynote, Geometallurgy

Tuesday Aug 29, 9:15

Georgia B 2nd floor

Kratochvil David

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Water

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:05

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Kratochvil David

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Water

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Kroeger Franziska

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Plaza C 2nd floor

Kruth David

World Gold

World Gold Keynote

Monday, Aug 28, 10:05

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Kuhnert Clemens

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Recycling and Tailings Treatment

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:30

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Kumar Amit

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Characterization Techniques

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Georgia B 2nd floor

Kurth Henry

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Real-Time Online-Measuring and Sorting Techniques

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Georgia B 2nd floor

Kusakabe Taketoshi

World Gold

Environmental: Mercury and Arsenic Remediation

Monday, Aug 28, 14:00

Georgia A 2nd floor

La Brooy Stephen

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Preg-robbing I

Monday, Aug 28, 14:00

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Lachance Luc

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 16:30

Regency A 3rd floor

Lachance Luc

World Gold

Process Control and Optimization

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:55

Plaza A 2nd floor

Laflamme M.

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Techniques

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:00

Plaza A 2nd floor

Lakshmanan Lucky

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 11:45

Regency A 3rd floor

Lakshmanan Vaikuntam

Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy

Enabling Innovation

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:50

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Lalancette Jean-Marc

World Gold

Environmental: Mercury and Arsenic Remediation

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Georgia A 2nd floor

Lalancette Jean-Marc

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Cyanide Leaching and Alternatives II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:50

Plaza B 2nd floor

Lamei Ramandi Hamed

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:20

Stanley 34th floor

Landwehr David

World Gold

Operations: Pre-Treatments

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:50

Georgia A 2nd floor

Langley Sean

World Gold

Environmental: Reducing Water Usage

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:50

Georgia A 2nd floor

L

www.metsoc.org | Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum

111

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing (p2) Advances in Materials Manufacturing (p10) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials (p16) Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy (p21) Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing (p25) General Hydrometallurgy (p31) Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance (p38) Ni-Co 2017 - Hydrometallurgy (p42) Pyrometallurgy (p55) World Gold (p66) Author

Symposium

Session

Date and Time

Room

Lapidus Gretchen

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites II

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:30

Regency B 3rd floor

Larimer David

World Gold

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery I

Monday, Aug 28, 16:30

Georgia A 2nd floor

Larochelle Eric

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites I

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Regency B 3rd floor

Laskowski Janusz

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Flotation

Monday, Aug 28, 10:05

Georgia B 2nd floor

Lastra Rolando

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Recycling and Tailings Treatment

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:20

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Latva-Kokko Marko

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Cyanide Leaching and Alternatives II

Wednesday Aug 30, 9:15

Plaza B 2nd floor

Lauten Rolf Andreas

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Cyanide Leaching and Alternatives I

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:25

Plaza A 2nd floor

Leclerc Vincent

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Plaza B 2nd floor

Lee ByongPil

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites I

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Regency B 3rd floor

Lee Changkyu

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites I

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Regency B 3rd floor

Lee Jae-chun

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Dev II

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:50

Plaza B 2nd floor

Lee Jaeheon

General Hydrometallurgy

Copper Hydrometallurgy

Monday, Aug 28, 10:05

Plaza B 2nd floor

Lee Jaeheon

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Case Studies

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Plaza A 2nd floor

Lee Jaeyoung

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites I

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Regency B 3rd floor

Lee Jin-Young

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Dev I

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Plaza B 2nd floor

Lee Jin-Young

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Lee S. K.

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Energy

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Lee S. K.

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology I

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Regency A 3rd floor

Lee Seunghee

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Lee Yunsoo

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Lemieux David

World Gold

Environmental: Mercury and Arsenic Remediation

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Georgia A 2nd floor

Lemieux David

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Cyanide Leaching and Alternatives II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:50

Plaza B 2nd floor

Lepage Jean-FĂŠlix

World Gold

Operations: Pre-Treatments

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:00

Georgia A 2nd floor

Letarte Francis

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 10:30

Regency A 3rd floor

Letarte Francis

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Regency A 3rd floor

Letarte Francis

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Regency A 3rd floor

Leung Jackie

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Lewis Alison

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Pyro+Hydrometallurgy of Ni-Co KEYNOTE

Tuesday Aug 29, 8:50

Regency B 3rd floor

Li Cunxiong

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Li Hao

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Flotation

Monday, Aug 28, 10:30

Georgia B 2nd floor

Li Huaizhe

World Gold

Pre-Concentration

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:20

Georgia A 2nd floor

Li Jian

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Sulfides

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:05

Regency B 3rd floor

Li Jing

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Geometallurgy

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Plaza A 2nd floor

Li Jing

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Li Leijun

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Wednesday Aug 30, 9:15

Stanley 34th floor

112

Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum | www.metsoc.org

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing (p2) Advances in Materials Manufacturing (p10) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials (p16) Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy (p21) Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing (p25) General Hydrometallurgy (p31) Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance (p38) Ni-Co 2017 - Hydrometallurgy (p42) Pyrometallurgy (p55) World Gold (p66) Author

Symposium

Session

Date and Time

Room

Li Leijun

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:05

Stanley 34th floor

Li Lin

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Dev I

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:05

Plaza B 2nd floor

Li Mei

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Li Minting

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

LI Xingbin

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Li Zuoli

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Colloidal Interactions Keynote, Geometallurgy

Tuesday Aug 29, 8:00

Georgia B 2nd floor

Liang Hans

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Case Studies

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:25

Plaza A 2nd floor

Liao Li

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Monday, Aug 28, 14:00

Plaza C 2nd floor

Liedtke A.

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

General Pyrometallurgy I

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:50

Regency A 3rd floor

Lillkung Kristian

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Cyanide Leaching and Alternatives II

Wednesday Aug 30, 9:15

Plaza B 2nd floor

Lim Chayong

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Lind Peter

World Gold

Environmental: Reducing Water Usage

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:00

Georgia A 2nd floor

Lind Peter

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Case Studies

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:50

Plaza A 2nd floor

Littlejohn Patrick

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Water

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:05

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Littlejohn Patrick

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Water

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Littlejohn Patrick

World Gold

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery II Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Liu Feng

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 11:45

Regency A 3rd floor

Liu Guangyi

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Liu Hung-Wei

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing IV

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:50

Plaza C 2nd floor

Liu Jing

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Preg-robbing II

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Liu Jing

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Preg-robbing II

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Liu Kun

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Prince of Wales 3rd floor Georgia A 2nd floor

Liu Kun

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing IV

Wednesday Aug 30, 9:15

Plaza C 2nd floor

Liu Mingxia

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Flotation

Monday, Aug 28, 10:30

Georgia B 2nd floor

Liu Qi

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Flotation

Monday, Aug 28, 10:30

Georgia B 2nd floor

Liu Qingxia

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Colloidal Interactions Keynote, Geometallurgy

Tuesday Aug 29, 8:00

Georgia B 2nd floor

Liu Sheng

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Plaza B 2nd floor

Liu Wenying

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Operations

Liu Wenying

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Mineral Processing

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:25

Georgia B 2nd floor

Liu Zhihong

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Arsenic; Waste Management

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:00

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Liu Zhihong

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Arsenic; Waste Management

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:25

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Lloyd David

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Monday, Aug 28, 14:00

Plaza C 2nd floor

Loken Michael

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology II

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:30

Regency A 3rd floor

Lรณpez Esperanza

World Gold

Environmental: Novel Methods of Gold Recovery

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Georgia A 2nd floor

www.metsoc.org | Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum

113

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing (p2) Advances in Materials Manufacturing (p10) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials (p16) Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy (p21) Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing (p25) General Hydrometallurgy (p31) Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance (p38) Ni-Co 2017 - Hydrometallurgy (p42) Pyrometallurgy (p55) World Gold (p66) Author

Symposium

Session

Date and Time

Room

Lorenzen Leendert (Leon)

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Geometallurgy

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:05

Plaza A 2nd floor

Lorio Leo

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Real-Time Online-Measuring and Sorting Techniques

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Georgia B 2nd floor

Lu Jianming

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing IV

Wednesday Aug 30, 9:15

Plaza C 2nd floor

M Ma Hezhaye Ma Longqun

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Ma Xiaowen (Wendy)

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Case Studies

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:25

Plaza A 2nd floor

MacKay Robert

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 8:50

Plaza C 2nd floor

Mackey Phillip

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 10:05

Regency A 3rd floor

Mackowiak K.

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

General Pyrometallurgy I

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:00

Regency A 3rd floor

Mahadevan Radhakrishnan

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Recycling and Tailings Treatment

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:55

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Mahboubi Shooka

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:05

Stanley 34th floor

Mahzabeen Tasneem

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Maijer Daan

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Plaza C 2nd floor

Maijer Daan

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 8:50

Plaza C 2nd floor

Maijer Daan

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Plaza C 2nd floor

Maijer Daan

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Plaza C 2nd floor

Maine Elicia

Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy

Enabling Innovation

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:50

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Makhado Gundo

World Gold

Process Control and Optimization

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:05

Plaza A 2nd floor

Mallah Daniel

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Atmospheric Leaching

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:30

Plaza B 2nd floor

Manoukian Lori

World Gold

Environmental: Cyanide Measurement and Destruction

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:30 Tuesday Aug 29, 16:05

Plaza B 2nd floor Georgia A 2nd floor

Mansouri Arani Mojtaba Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Marcuson Samuel

Invited Plenary

Plenary

Monday, Aug 28, 8:30

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Marcuson Samuel

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 11:45

Regency A 3rd floor

Marcuson Samuel

Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy

Enabling Innovation

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:30

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Markowski Jens

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Recycling and Tailings Treatment

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:05

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Marquardt Wade

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 8:50

Plaza C 2nd floor

Marte Kyle

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Refinery Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 10:55

Regency B 3rd floor

Martin Paul

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

High Pressure Equipment

Tuesday Aug 29, 15:40

Regency B 3rd floor

Mastalerz Maria

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Characterization Techniques

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Georgia B 2nd floor

Matsuoka Mitsuaki

General Hydrometallurgy

Copper Hydrometallurgy

Monday, Aug 28, 10:55

Plaza B 2nd floor

Mattich Christian

World Gold

Operations: Pre-Treatments

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:50

Georgia A 2nd floor

Mayhew Keith

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Sulfides

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Regency B 3rd floor

114

Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum | www.metsoc.org

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing (p2) Advances in Materials Manufacturing (p10) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials (p16) Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy (p21) Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing (p25) General Hydrometallurgy (p31) Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance (p38) Ni-Co 2017 - Hydrometallurgy (p42) Pyrometallurgy (p55) World Gold (p66) Author

Symposium

Session

Date and Time

Room

Mayne Darren

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Refinery Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 10:05

Regency B 3rd floor

Mazhary Arvin

World Gold

Pre-Concentration

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:20

Georgia A 2nd floor

Mbalamba Setta

World Gold

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery I

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Georgia A 2nd floor

Mbaya Richard

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites II

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:55

Regency B 3rd floor

McBain Brad

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Techniques

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:25

Plaza A 2nd floor

McCarthy Fiona

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites I

Monday, Aug 28, 16:30

Regency B 3rd floor

McCartney Graham

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing I

Monday, Aug 28, 10:55

Plaza C 2nd floor

McCombe William

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Plaza B 2nd floor

McCoy Tannice

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Sulfides

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Regency B 3rd floor

McDermid Joseph

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing V

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:05

Plaza C 2nd floor

McDonald Robbie

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites I

Monday, Aug 28, 16:30

Regency B 3rd floor

McDonald Robbie

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Sulfides

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:05

Regency B 3rd floor

McDougall Isobel

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology II

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:05

Regency A 3rd floor

McEneaney Anthony

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites II

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:05

Regency B 3rd floor

McGrath Teresa

World Gold

Comminution and Mineral Processing

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Plaza A 2nd floor

McGuire Chris

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Energy

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

McLachlan C.

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Sea Nodule Processing

Tuesday Aug 29, 15:40

Regency A 3rd floor

McNally Elizabeth

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing V

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:05

Plaza C 2nd floor

McNeice James

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Dev II

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:00

Plaza B 2nd floor

McPherson Scott

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

HPAL Operations

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:50

Regency B 3rd floor

McRae William

Invited Plenary

Plenary

Monday, Aug 28, 8:25

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Memarrashidi Zhila

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Stanley 34th floor

Mendonidis Peter

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites II

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:55

Regency B 3rd floor

Merigot Kelly

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Miao Keyan

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing I

Monday, Aug 28, 11:45

Plaza C 2nd floor

Mirakhorli Fatemeh

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing V

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:45

Plaza C 2nd floor

Mitsuhashi K.

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Breaking/Crushing/Grinding

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Georgia B 2nd floor

Miura Akira

General Hydrometallurgy

Copper Hydrometallurgy

Monday, Aug 28, 11:20

Plaza B 2nd floor

Miyamoto Takashi

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

HPAL Operations

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:00

Regency B 3rd floor

Mizuno Yoshiyuki

World Gold

Environmental: Mercury and Arsenic Remediation

Monday, Aug 28, 14:00

Georgia A 2nd floor

Mock Robert

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

High Pressure Equipment

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:05

Regency B 3rd floor

Modak Saibal

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Plaza C 2nd floor

Moghaddam Javad

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Dev I

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Plaza B 2nd floor

Mohamm Farzad

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Water

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:05

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Mohamm Farzad

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Water

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Mokoena Sam

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

General Pyrometallurgy II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Regency A 3rd floor

Monhemius John

World Gold

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery II Wednesday Aug 30, 8:25

Georgia A 2nd floor

Montenegro VĂ­ctor

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Colloidal Interactions Keynote, Geometallurgy

Tuesday Aug 29, 9:15

Georgia B 2nd floor

Montera April

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology II

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:30

Regency A 3rd floor

www.metsoc.org | Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum

115

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing (p2) Advances in Materials Manufacturing (p10) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials (p16) Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy (p21) Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing (p25) General Hydrometallurgy (p31) Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance (p38) Ni-Co 2017 - Hydrometallurgy (p42) Pyrometallurgy (p55) World Gold (p66) Author

Symposium

Session

Date and Time

Room

Moon Gyeonghye Moore Patrick

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Dev I

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Plaza B 2nd floor

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:20

Stanley 34th floor

Moradkhani Davood

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery I

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:50

Regency B 3rd floor

Morales Cristhian

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

General Pyrometallurgy II

Wednesday Aug 30, 9:15

Regency A 3rd floor

Morales Darwin

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

General Pyrometallurgy II

Wednesday Aug 30, 9:15

Regency A 3rd floor

Moreira Alderney

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Pressure Oxidation

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:45

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Morgan Fiona

World Gold

World Gold Panel

Tuesday Aug 29, 8:00

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Morin Lucie

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Recycling and Tailings Treatment

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:20

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Mortazavi Saviz

World Gold

Environmental: Reducing Water Usage

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:50

Georgia A 2nd floor

Moser Michael

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Dev I

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:45

Plaza B 2nd floor

Moser Michael

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery I

Wednesday Aug 30, 9:15

Regency B 3rd floor

Mosqueda Martinez A.

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Sea Nodule Processing

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:05

Regency A 3rd floor

Mostaghel Sina

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Energy

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Mostaghel Sina

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology I

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Regency A 3rd floor

Mu Wangzhong

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing I

Monday, Aug 28, 11:45

Plaza C 2nd floor

Muinonen Mika

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 11:20

Regency A 3rd floor

Muinonen Mika

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 11:45

Regency A 3rd floor

Muinonen Sari

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 10:55

Regency A 3rd floor

Muinonen Sari

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 11:20

Regency A 3rd floor

Mullany Ivan

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Energy and Eco-Efficiency; Discussion

Monday, Aug 28, 10:55

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Murata Tomoaki

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing III

Tuesday Aug 29, 15:40

Plaza C 2nd floor

Murray Isabelle

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:55

Stanley 34th floor

Murray K. K.

World Gold

Operations: Pre-Treatments

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:00

Georgia A 2nd floor

Nacu Anca

World Gold

Environmental: Cyanide Measurement and Destruction

Tuesday Aug 29, 15:40

Georgia A 2nd floor

Nacu Anca

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Cyanide Leaching and Alternatives II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:25

Plaza B 2nd floor

N

Naik B. S.

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing II

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:00

Plaza C 2nd floor

Nakamura Shunta

World Gold

Environmental: Mercury and Arsenic Remediation

Monday, Aug 28, 14:00

Georgia A 2nd floor

Namihira Takao

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Breaking/Crushing/Grinding

Monday, Aug 28, 16:30

Georgia B 2nd floor

Narhi L.

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites I

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Regency B 3rd floor

Nashitati Andreas

World Gold

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery I

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Georgia A 2nd floor

Nasrallah Khalil

World Gold

Environmental: Mercury and Arsenic Remediation

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Georgia A 2nd floor

Nava-Alonso Fabiola

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Gold Tellurides and Selenides

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:00

Plaza B 2nd floor

Nava-Alonso Fabiola

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Gold Tellurides and Selenides

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:50

Plaza B 2nd floor

Navarra Alessandro

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Regency A 3rd floor

116

Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum | www.metsoc.org

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing (p2) Advances in Materials Manufacturing (p10) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials (p16) Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy (p21) Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing (p25) General Hydrometallurgy (p31) Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance (p38) Ni-Co 2017 - Hydrometallurgy (p42) Pyrometallurgy (p55) World Gold (p66) Author

Symposium

Session

Date and Time

Room

Navarra Alessandro

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Colloidal Interactions Keynote, Geometallurgy

Tuesday Aug 29, 8:50

Georgia B 2nd floor

Nawrocki Paul

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Refinery Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 10:05

Regency B 3rd floor

Nayak Preetham

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Real-Time Online-Measuring and Sorting Techniques

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Georgia B 2nd floor

Newton Timothy

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Cyanide Leaching and Alternatives II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Plaza B 2nd floor

Nikolic Stanko

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology II

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:05

Regency A 3rd floor

Nicot Wilkis

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

HPAL Operations

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:50

Regency B 3rd floor

Hydromet Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Plaza B 2nd floor

Nightingale-Mercer Laura General Hydrometallurgy Niu Xiaoxue

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Plaza foyer 2nd floor

Noh Sanghoon

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing I

Monday, Aug 28, 11:20

Plaza C 2nd floor

Noorafkan Amir

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Nouranian H.

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Arsenic; Waste Management

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:50

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Nourse Randolph

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology II

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:05

Regency A 3rd floor

Nusheh Mohammad

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Dev I

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Plaza B 2nd floor

O O’Callaghan J.

World Gold

Process Control and Optimization

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:45

Plaza A 2nd floor

O’Connell Gary

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Regency A 3rd floor

O’Sullivan Anthony

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Pyro+Hydrometallurgy of Ni-Co KEYNOTE

Tuesday Aug 29, 8:00

Regency B 3rd floor

Oh S.-Y.

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Energy

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Oh S.-Y.

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology I

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Regency A 3rd floor

Ojo Olanrewaju

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing IV

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:25

Plaza C 2nd floor

Ojo Olanrewaju

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing V

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:55

Plaza C 2nd floor

Okaya K.

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Breaking/Crushing/Grinding

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Georgia B 2nd floor

Okono Patrice

World Gold

Comminution and Mineral Processing

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Plaza A 2nd floor

Oliva Josep

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Mineral Processing

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:00

Georgia B 2nd floor

Olivier Waldemar

World Gold

Operations: Pre-Treatments

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:25

Georgia A 2nd floor

Olson Jeffrey

World Gold

Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 14:00

Plaza A 2nd floor

Olvera Oscar

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Atmospheric Leaching

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:55

Plaza B 2nd floor

Ooishi Takao

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Refinery Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 10:30

Regency B 3rd floor

Oraby Elsayed

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Cyanide Leaching and Alternatives II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Plaza B 2nd floor

Oterdoom Harmen

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

General Pyrometallurgy I

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:50

Regency A 3rd floor

Oterdoom Harmen

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology II

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:55

Regency A 3rd floor

Ourriban Mohamed

World Gold

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery I

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Georgia A 2nd floor

Owada Shuji

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Breaking/Crushing/Grinding

Monday, Aug 28, 16:30

Georgia B 2nd floor

Ozaki Yoshitomo

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery II

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:25

Regency B 3rd floor

Özberk Engin

World Gold

World Gold Panel

Tuesday Aug 29, 8:00

Regency DEF 3rd floor

www.metsoc.org | Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum

117

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing (p2) Advances in Materials Manufacturing (p10) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials (p16) Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy (p21) Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing (p25) General Hydrometallurgy (p31) Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance (p38) Ni-Co 2017 - Hydrometallurgy (p42) Pyrometallurgy (p55) World Gold (p66) Symposium

Session

Date and Time

Room

Pagone Emanuele

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:05

Plaza C 2nd floor

Paktunc Dogan

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

General Pyrometallurgy I

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:25

Regency A 3rd floor

Palmer Rhys

World Gold

Pre-Concentration

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:05

Georgia A 2nd floor

Pandher Rajan

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 11:20

Regency A 3rd floor

Pang Xin

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Author

P

Corrosion

Tuesday Aug 29, 9:15

Stanley 34th floor

Papangelakis Vladimiros World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Pressure Oxidation

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:05

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Papangelakis Vladimiros General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Dev II

Tuesday Aug 29, 15:40

Plaza B 2nd floor

Papangelakis Vladimiros Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Recycling and Tailings Treatment

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:55

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Papangelakis Vladimiros Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy

Enabling Innovation

Wednesday Aug 30, 15:40

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Parameswaran Krishna

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Energy and Eco-Efficiency; Discussion

Monday, Aug 28, 10:30

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Park Dong-Yeob

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Wednesday Aug 30, 9:15

Stanley 34th floor

Park Hyunsik

World Gold

Environmental: Novel Methods of Gold Recovery

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:05

Georgia A 2nd floor

Park Hyunsik

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Park Hyunsik

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology II

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:45

Regency A 3rd floor

Park Jin Gyun

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites I

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Regency B 3rd floor

Park Joo Hyun

World Gold

Environmental: Novel Methods of Gold Recovery

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:05

Georgia A 2nd floor

Park Joon-Hyuk

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 9:15

Plaza C 2nd floor

Parson Nick

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Patel Ajaykumar

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery II

Wednesday Aug 30, 15:40

Regency B 3rd floor

Pawlik Christoph

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

General Pyrometallurgy II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Regency A 3rd floor

Pee JaeHwan

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Pelegrin Rodriguez M.

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Sea Nodule Processing

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:05

Regency A 3rd floor

Pempel Harry

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Recycling and Tailings Treatment

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:05

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Pena Roberto

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

General Pyrometallurgy II

Wednesday Aug 30, 9:15

Regency A 3rd floor

Penvern N.

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing IV

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Plaza C 2nd floor

PĂŠrez-GarcĂ­a Edgar

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Gold Tellurides and Selenides

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:00

Plaza B 2nd floor

Pesonen Lauri

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Energy

Monday, Aug 28, 14:00

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Pham Tan

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing V

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:45

Plaza C 2nd floor

Phillion Andre

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Plaza C 2nd floor

Phillion Andre

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Plaza C 2nd floor

Pichler Christoph

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Dev II

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:05

Plaza B 2nd floor

Pickles Chris

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

General Pyrometallurgy I

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:00

Regency A 3rd floor

Pilger Stephan

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology II

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:55

Regency A 3rd floor

Pino Veliz Pedro

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology II

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:20

Regency A 3rd floor

Pinto Roberto

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Plaza B 2nd floor

Piribauer C.

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites II

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:05

Regency B 3rd floor

118

Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum | www.metsoc.org

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing (p2) Advances in Materials Manufacturing (p10) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials (p16) Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy (p21) Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing (p25) General Hydrometallurgy (p31) Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance (p38) Ni-Co 2017 - Hydrometallurgy (p42) Pyrometallurgy (p55) World Gold (p66) Author

Symposium

Session

Date and Time

Room

Pirouz Behnam

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Energy

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Pitis Constantin D.

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Energy

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Plath Holger

World Gold

World Gold Keynote

Monday, Aug 28, 10:05

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Pleshkov Michail

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Preg-robbing I

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Plikas Tom

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

General Pyrometallurgy II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:50

Regency A 3rd floor

Plucknett Kevin

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Stanley 34th floor

Plucknett Kevin

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing IV

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:50

Plaza C 2nd floor

Poole Warren

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Porretta Tony

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

General Pyrometallurgy II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:50

Regency A 3rd floor

Pourdasht Mana

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Preg-robbing I

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Pretorius B.

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

General Pyrometallurgy II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:50

Regency A 3rd floor

PrĂŠvost Carole

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Plaza B 2nd floor

Puichaud Anne-Helene

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Dev I

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Plaza B 2nd floor

Pyecha Jason

World Gold

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery I

Monday, Aug 28, 16:30

Georgia A 2nd floor

Raeisinia Babak

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Monday, Aug 28, 14:00

Plaza C 2nd floor

Rahal David

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Breaking/Crushing/Grinding

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Georgia B 2nd floor

Rajala John

World Gold

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery I

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Georgia A 2nd floor

Rajesh Kumar Jyothi

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Dev I

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Plaza B 2nd floor

Rajesh Kumar Jyothi

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Ramachandran Ram

Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy

Enabling Innovation 14:00

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:50

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Rappaz Michel

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 8:25

Plaza C 2nd floor

Rashchi Fereshteh

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Dev I

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Plaza B 2nd floor

Rasmussen Greg

Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy

Enabling Innovation

Wednesday Aug 30, 15:40

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Rasouli Maryam

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Water

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Rasouli Maryam

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery II

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:25

Regency B 3rd floor

R

Reaugh Larry

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Reddy Vijay

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Pressure Oxidation

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:45

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Reemeyer Laurie

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Energy and Eco-Efficiency; Discussion

Monday, Aug 28, 10:05

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Reilly C.

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Plaza C 2nd floor

Reis Elpidio

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology II

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:20

Regency A 3rd floor

Remple Glen

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Plaza B 2nd floor

Ren Zihe

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Preg-robbing II

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Ren Zihe

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Preg-robbing II

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Restrepo Oscar

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites II

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:30

Regency B 3rd floor

Reyes Rodrigo

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Plaza C 2nd floor

Rezaei Sabereh

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 11:45

Regency A 3rd floor

www.metsoc.org | Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum

119

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing (p2) Advances in Materials Manufacturing (p10) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials (p16) Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy (p21) Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing (p25) General Hydrometallurgy (p31) Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance (p38) Ni-Co 2017 - Hydrometallurgy (p42) Pyrometallurgy (p55) World Gold (p66) Author

Symposium

Session

Date and Time

Room

Richards T.

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Flotation

Monday, Aug 28, 11:45

Georgia B 2nd floor

Rickard William

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Rifai Kheireddine

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Techniques

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:00

Plaza A 2nd floor

Robben Christopher

World Gold

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:50

Georgia A 2nd floor

Robinson Dave

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites I

Monday, Aug 28, 16:30

Regency B 3rd floor

Robinson Dave

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Sulfides

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:05

Regency B 3rd floor

Robison J. C.

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

High Pressure Equipment

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:05

Regency B 3rd floor

Rodriguez Fabian

World Gold

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Georgia A 2nd floor

Rotarius Joachim

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology II

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:55

Regency A 3rd floor

Rowley Michael

World Gold

Environmental: Novel Methods of Gold Recovery

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Georgia A 2nd floor

Rucker D. F.

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Atmospheric Leaching

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:20

Plaza B 2nd floor

Ruel Michel

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Regency A 3rd floor

Ruel Michel

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Plaza B 2nd floor

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Techniques

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:00

Plaza A 2nd floor

S Sabsabi Mohamad Sadri Afshin

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:30

Stanley 34th floor

Sagara David

World Gold

Process Control and Optimization

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:05

Plaza A 2nd floor

Saghafifar Hassan

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing I

Monday, Aug 28, 10:55

Plaza C 2nd floor

Sakamoto Koji

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Refinery Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 10:30

Regency B 3rd floor

Salonitis Kostas

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:05

Plaza C 2nd floor

Sandhu Sandeep Singh

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing V

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:20

Plaza C 2nd floor

Santos-MunguĂ­a Paula Cristina

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Gold Tellurides and Selenides

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:50

Plaza B 2nd floor

Sarbishei Sahand

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Regency A 3rd floor

Sarmady Neda

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Satapathy Gourab

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery II

Wednesday Aug 30, 15:40

Regency B 3rd floor

Sato Hideaki

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Refinery Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 10:30

Regency B 3rd floor

Sato Yoshiteru

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Refinery Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 10:30

Regency B 3rd floor

Satur J. V.

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Breaking/Crushing/Grinding

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Georgia B 2nd floor

Sauber Maziar E.

World Gold

Environmental: Reducing Water Usage

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:50

Georgia A 2nd floor

Sauter Daan

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Energy

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Sauter Daan

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology I

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Regency A 3rd floor

Savella Melvin

World Gold

Operations: Pre-Treatments

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:25

Georgia A 2nd floor

Saydam Serkan

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:20

Stanley 34th floor

Scheltema Beduin Adriaan

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

General Pyrometallurgy I

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:50

Regency A 3rd floor

120

Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum | www.metsoc.org

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing (p2) Advances in Materials Manufacturing (p10) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials (p16) Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy (p21) Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing (p25) General Hydrometallurgy (p31) Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance (p38) Ni-Co 2017 - Hydrometallurgy (p42) Pyrometallurgy (p55) World Gold (p66) Author

Symposium

Session

Date and Time

Room

Schmalbein N.

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Real-Time Online-Measuring and Sorting Techniques

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:45

Georgia B 2nd floor

Schoeman Liezl

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery II

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:00

Regency B 3rd floor

Schonewille Ron

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 10:30

Regency A 3rd floor

Schreithofer Nรณra

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Characterization Techniques

Monday, Aug 28, 14:00

Georgia B 2nd floor

Seaman Brigitte

World Gold

Pre-Concentration

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:55

Georgia A 2nd floor

Seaman D.

World Gold

Process Control and Optimization

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:45

Plaza A 2nd floor

Seegopaul Purnesh

Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy

Enabling Innovation

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:50

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Senga Taiki

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Breaking/Crushing/Grinding

Monday, Aug 28, 16:30

Georgia B 2nd floor

Sengupta Joydeep

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Serna Claudia

World Gold

Environmental: Novel Methods of Gold Recovery

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Georgia A 2nd floor

Serna Rodrigo

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Characterization Techniques

Monday, Aug 28, 14:00

Georgia B 2nd floor

Sharma Mukesh

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing I

Monday, Aug 28, 11:45

Plaza C 2nd floor

Shi C.

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Tuesday Aug 29, 9:15

Stanley 34th floor

Shibayama Keisuike

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

HPAL Operations

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:00

Regency B 3rd floor

Shin Doyun

General Hydrometallurgy

Copper Hydrometallurgy

Monday, Aug 28, 10:05

Plaza B 2nd floor

Shipilov Sergei

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Tuesday Aug 29, 8:25

Stanley 34th floor

Shipway Philip

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing I

Monday, Aug 28, 10:55

Plaza C 2nd floor

Shirokoff John

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Stanley 34th floor

Shishin Denis

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 14:00

Regency A 3rd floor

Shishin Denis

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Regency A 3rd floor

Shneerson Yacov

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Preg-robbing I

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Shongwe Mxolisi

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites II

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:55

Regency B 3rd floor

Shum Eric

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Dev II

Tuesday Aug 29, 15:40

Plaza B 2nd floor

Silvas Flรกvia

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery I

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Regency B 3rd floor

Singh Manjit

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing V

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:20

Plaza C 2nd floor

Sixberry Rick

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites I

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Regency B 3rd floor

Slatter Paul

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Energy

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Sliwinski J.

World Gold

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery I

Monday, Aug 28, 16:30

Georgia A 2nd floor

Smith Kelton

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites I

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Regency B 3rd floor

So Lily Lai Chi

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Energy

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

So Lily Lai Chi

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology I

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Regency A 3rd floor

Soderstrom Matthew

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery I

Wednesday Aug 30, 9:15

Regency B 3rd floor

Sokhanvaran Samira

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

General Pyrometallurgy I

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:25

Regency A 3rd floor

Sole Kathryn

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery II

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:00

Regency B 3rd floor

Solis-Rodriguez Ricardo World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Gold Tellurides and Selenides

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:25

Plaza B 2nd floor

Son Hyeon-Taek

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Song ChulHo

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

www.metsoc.org | Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum

121

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing (p2) Advances in Materials Manufacturing (p10) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials (p16) Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy (p21) Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing (p25) General Hydrometallurgy (p31) Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance (p38) Ni-Co 2017 - Hydrometallurgy (p42) Pyrometallurgy (p55) World Gold (p66) Author

Symposium

Session

Date and Time

Room

Song Jun

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:45

Stanley 34th floor

Sorour Nabil

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Spanring Alfred

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology I

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Regency A 3rd floor

Spiller Eric

World Gold

Environmental: Reducing Water Usage

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:25

Georgia A 2nd floor

Spinelli José

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Plaza C 2nd floor

Sridhar Ram

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 11:45

Regency A 3rd floor

Srivastava Rajiv

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Dev II

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:50

Plaza B 2nd floor

Staunton William

World Gold

Comminution and Mineral Processing

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Plaza A 2nd floor

Staunton William

World Gold

Process Control and Optimization

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:20

Plaza A 2nd floor

Stephens Rob

Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy

Enabling Innovation

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:45

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Stephens Rob

Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy

Enabling Innovation

Wednesday Aug 30, 15:40

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Strauss Jakolien

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Pressure Oxidation

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Stubina Nathan

Invited Plenary

Plenary

Monday, Aug 28, 9:00

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Stubina Nathan

World Gold

World Gold Panel

Tuesday Aug 29, 8:00

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Stubina Nathan

Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy

Enabling Innovation

Wednesday Aug 30, 15:40

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Szolga William

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery I

Wednesday Aug 30, 9:15

Regency B 3rd floor

Szpunar Jerzy

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing V

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:55

Plaza C 2nd floor

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Regency A 3rd floor

T Tafaghodi Khajavi Leili Tafaghodi Khajavi Leili

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

General Pyrometallurgy II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:25

Regency A 3rd floor

Takagi Tetsuichi

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Breaking/Crushing/Grinding

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Georgia B 2nd floor

Takagi Tetsuichi

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Dev II

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:25

Plaza B 2nd floor

Takala Anssi

World Gold

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery II Wednesday Aug 30, 8:50

Georgia A 2nd floor

Takamiya Shintaro

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing III

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:05

Plaza C 2nd floor

Takaoka Masaki

World Gold

Environmental: Mercury and Arsenic Remediation

Monday, Aug 28, 14:00

Georgia A 2nd floor

Takeura Haruka

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing III

Tuesday Aug 29, 15:40

Plaza C 2nd floor

Tanda Bennson

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Cyanide Leaching and Alternatives II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Plaza B 2nd floor

Tardif Marc

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Regency A 3rd floor

Tauetsile Peo

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Cyanide Leaching and Alternatives II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Plaza B 2nd floor

Tavakoli Reza

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Cyanide Leaching and Alternatives II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:25

Plaza B 2nd floor

Tenório Jorge

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery I

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Regency B 3rd floor

Tenório Jorge

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Metals Separation and Recovery I

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:25

Regency B 3rd floor

Terada Sho

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Breaking/Crushing/Grinding

Monday, Aug 28, 16:30

Georgia B 2nd floor

Tero John

World Gold

Operations: Improving Gold Recovery I

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Georgia A 2nd floor

Thibault Yves

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Recycling and Tailings Treatment

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:20

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

122

Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum | www.metsoc.org

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing (p2) Advances in Materials Manufacturing (p10) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials (p16) Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy (p21) Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing (p25) General Hydrometallurgy (p31) Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance (p38) Ni-Co 2017 - Hydrometallurgy (p42) Pyrometallurgy (p55) World Gold (p66) Author

Symposium

Session

Date and Time

Room

Thobadi Itumeleng

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

General Pyrometallurgy II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Regency A 3rd floor

Thorpe Steven

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Pressure Oxidation

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:05

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Thubakgale Catherine Kentse

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites II

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:55

Regency B 3rd floor

Tickner James

World Gold

Pre-Concentration

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:30

Georgia A 2nd floor

Timms Wendy

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:20

Stanley 34th floor

Tissot Channel

World Gold

Pre-Concentration

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:05

Georgia A 2nd floor

Toba Yuichiro

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Water

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Tokoro Chiharu

General Hydrometallurgy

Copper Hydrometallurgy

Monday, Aug 28, 10:55

Plaza B 2nd floor

Tokoro Chiharu

General Hydrometallurgy

Copper Hydrometallurgy

Monday, Aug 28, 11:20

Plaza B 2nd floor

Tokoro Chiharu

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Breaking/Crushing/Grinding

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Georgia B 2nd floor

Tokoro Chiharu

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Water

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Tokoro Chiharu

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Dev II

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:25

Plaza B 2nd floor

Tomlinson Marcus

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Preg-robbing II

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Tomlinson Marcus

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Preg-robbing II

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Tomlinson Marcus

World Gold

Operations: Pre-Treatments

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:00

Georgia A 2nd floor

Tonn Babette

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Plaza C 2nd floor

Touzin Mike

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Trask F.

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Cyanide Leaching and Alternatives II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Plaza B 2nd floor

Trinh Ha

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Dev II

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:50

Plaza B 2nd floor

Triwahyuono A.

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology I

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Regency A 3rd floor

Tsunazawa Yuki

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Dev II

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:25

Plaza B 2nd floor

Tuffrey Nigel

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Pressure Oxidation

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:45

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Tukel Caglar

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Flotation

Monday, Aug 28, 11:20

Georgia B 2nd floor

Twigge-Molecey Chris

Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy

Enabling Innovation

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Uribe-Salas Alejandro

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Gold Tellurides and Selenides

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:00

Plaza B 2nd floor

Uzun Elif

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites II

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:20

Regency B 3rd floor

U

V Vahed A.

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 10:05

Regency A 3rd floor

Valenzuela Francisco

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Regency A 3rd floor

Valkama Kari

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Sulfides

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Regency B 3rd floor

Valloton Jonas

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 8:25

Plaza C 2nd floor

Van Haarlem Yves

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Real-Time Online-Measuring and Sorting Techniques

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Georgia B 2nd floor

www.metsoc.org | Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum

123

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing (p2) Advances in Materials Manufacturing (p10) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials (p16) Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy (p21) Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing (p25) General Hydrometallurgy (p31) Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance (p38) Ni-Co 2017 - Hydrometallurgy (p42) Pyrometallurgy (p55) World Gold (p66) Author

Symposium

Session

Date and Time

Room

van Niekerk Jan

World Gold

Operations: Pre-Treatments

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:25

Georgia A 2nd floor

Van Rensburg Jean

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology I

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:05

Regency A 3rd floor

Vathavooran A.

World Gold

Environmental: Novel Methods of Gold Recovery

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Georgia A 2nd floor

Vaughan James

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Pressure Oxidation

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Veder Jean-Pierre

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Vega-Carrillo Hector

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Gold Tellurides and Selenides

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:25

Plaza B 2nd floor

Verbaan Niels

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites I

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Regency B 3rd floor

Voermann Nils

Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy

Enabling Innovation

Wednesday Aug 30, 15:40

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Voigt Paul

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Sulfides

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Regency B 3rd floor

Voigt Paul

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Atmospheric Leaching

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:30

Plaza B 2nd floor

Voisin Leandro

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Colloidal Interactions Keynote, Geometallurgy

Tuesday Aug 29, 9:15

Georgia B 2nd floor

Vollert Luke

World Gold

Pre-Concentration

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:55

Georgia A 2nd floor

von Ketelhodt Lutke

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Real-Time Online-Measuring and Sorting Techniques

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:45

Georgia B 2nd floor

Voogt Karen

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Refinery Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 11:45

Regency B 3rd floor

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Energy

Monday, Aug 28, 16:05

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Wang Lei

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Wang Sheng-Hui

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Stanley 34th floor

Wang Wei

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Characterization Techniques

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Georgia B 2nd floor

Wang Xu

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing V

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:55

Plaza C 2nd floor

Wang Xuejun

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Wang Yiyu

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Wednesday Aug 30, 9:15

Stanley 34th floor

Wanjara Priti

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing II

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:00

Plaza C 2nd floor

Wanjara Priti

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing IV

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:00

Plaza C 2nd floor

Wanjara Priti

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing V

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:45

Plaza C 2nd floor

Warkentin Doug

World Gold

Environmental: Novel Methods of Gold Recovery

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Georgia A 2nd floor

Warkentin Doug

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Cyanide Leaching and Alternatives II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:25

Plaza B 2nd floor

Warner A.

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 10:05

Regency A 3rd floor

Wassink BĂŠ

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Waters Kristian

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Colloidal Interactions Keynote, Geometallurgy

Tuesday Aug 29, 8:50

Georgia B 2nd floor

Waters N.

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites I

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Regency B 3rd floor

Waters Ross

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Plaza B 2nd floor

W Wang Fei

Watson Kevin

Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy

Enabling Innovation 14:00

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:25

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Watson Timothy

World Gold

World Gold Keynote

Tuesday Aug 29, 8:00

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Way David

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Case Studies

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:25

Plaza A 2nd floor

124

Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum | www.metsoc.org

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing (p2) Advances in Materials Manufacturing (p10) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials (p16) Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy (p21) Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing (p25) General Hydrometallurgy (p31) Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance (p38) Ni-Co 2017 - Hydrometallurgy (p42) Pyrometallurgy (p55) World Gold (p66) Author

Symposium

Session

Date and Time

Room

Weatherell Carl

Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy

Enabling Innovation

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:05

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Wei Chang

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Weidenhammer Erich

Invited Plenary

Plenary

Monday, Aug 28, 8:25

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Wells Mary

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Wemyss Peter

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Preg-robbing I

Monday, Aug 28, 14:00

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Wenzl Christine

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallury Technology I

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Regency A 3rd floor

Wilson Brycklin

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:30

Stanley 34th floor

Wilson Jack

World Gold

Operations: Pre-Treatments

Wednesday Aug 30, 14:50

Georgia A 2nd floor

Wiseman Dave

World Gold

Comminution and Mineral Processing

Monday, Aug 28, 16:30

Plaza A 2nd floor

Witow Darryl

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Energy

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Woloshyn Jennifer

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

General Pyrometallurgy II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:50

Regency A 3rd floor

Wu Saisai

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Wednesday Aug 30, 11:20

Stanley 34th floor

Xia Liuyin

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Preg-robbing I

Monday, Aug 28, 14:50

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Xiao C.

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Water

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Xie Hongzhen

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Xu Jixiang

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Plaza C 2nd floor

X

Xu Shengming

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Xu Zhenghe

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Colloidal Interactions Keynote, Geometallurgy

Tuesday Aug 29, 8:00

Georgia B 2nd floor

Xu Zhenghe

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Yahorava Volha

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Pressure Oxidation

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Regency DEF 3rd floor

YaĂąez Rodrigo

Pyrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Ni-Co Pyrometallurgical Process Modelling

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Regency A 3rd floor

Y

Yang Donghyo

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Yao Lu

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:30

Plaza C 2nd floor

Yao Lu

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Plaza C 2nd floor

Yell Anthony

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Mineral Processing

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:50

Georgia B 2nd floor

Yeomans Trevor

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Cyanide Leaching and Alternatives II

Wednesday Aug 30, 8:25

Plaza B 2nd floor

Ying Wai Lai

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:30

Stanley 34th floor

Yoo Hyo-Sang

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Yoon Nawoong

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Real-Time Online-Measuring and Sorting Techniques

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:20

Georgia B 2nd floor

Yoshida Kazunari

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing III

Tuesday Aug 29, 15:40

Plaza C 2nd floor

Yoshida Kazunari

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing III

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:05

Plaza C 2nd floor

www.metsoc.org | Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum

125

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing (p2) Advances in Materials Manufacturing (p10) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation of Materials (p16) Enabling Innovation in Metallurgy (p21) Energy and Eco-Efficiency in Mining and Processing (p25) General Hydrometallurgy (p31) Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance (p38) Ni-Co 2017 - Hydrometallurgy (p42) Pyrometallurgy (p55) World Gold (p66) Author

Symposium

Session

Date and Time

Room

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Preg-robbing I

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Zeller Markus

Energy and Eco-Efficiency

Energy

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Prince of Wales 3rd floor

Zeng Y.

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Tuesday Aug 29, 9:15

Stanley 34th floor

Zhang F.

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites I

Monday, Aug 28, 14:00

Regency B 3rd floor

Zhang Fan

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Z Zaytsev Peter

Zhang Lina

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing V

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:55

Plaza C 2nd floor

Zhang Shuo

Advanced Measuring Techniques in Mineral Processing

Mineral Processing

Tuesday Aug 29, 14:25

Georgia B 2nd floor

Zhang Tianbi

World Gold

Extractive Metallurgy: Preg-robbing II

Monday, Aug 28, 15:40

Regency DEF 3rd floor

Zhang Wensheng

Hydrometallurgy of Nickel-Cobalt

Process Development: Laterites I

Monday, Aug 28, 16:30

Regency B 3rd floor

Zhang Xiarong (Sarah)

Advances in Materials Manufacturing

Materials Manufacturing V

Wednesday Aug 30, 10:05

Plaza C 2nd floor

Zhang Yongtao

World Gold

World Gold Keynote

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:55

Georgia A 2nd floor

Zhang Zhijun

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Zhou Joe

World Gold

Mineralogy and Characterization: Geometallurgy

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:55

Plaza A 2nd floor

Zhou Joe

Industry Poster Session

Poster Industry

Tuesday Aug 29, 16:30

Foyer 2nd floor

Zhou Xiao

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Tuesday Aug 29, 11:45

Stanley 34th floor

Zollinger Julien

Light Metal Alloys: Processing for Performance

Light Metal Alloys

Tuesday Aug 29, 9:15

Plaza C 2nd floor

Zunti Lyle

General Hydrometallurgy

Hydromet Operations

Monday, Aug 28, 14:25

Plaza B 2nd floor

Zurob Hatem

Corrosion and Environmental Degradation

Corrosion

Tuesday Aug 29, 10:05

Stanley 34th floor

126

Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum | www.metsoc.org

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

NOTES

www.metsoc.org | Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum

127

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

Proceedings ISBN: 978-1-926872-36-0

NOTES

128

Published by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum | www.metsoc.org

COM 2017 | THE CONFERENCE OF METALLURGISTS hosting World Gold & Nickel Cobalt

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