T
TOM C. K. KWOK
landscape architect + urban designer
Contents
7
15
humberbay park re-imagine
quarry orchard revitalization
utilizing “double bottom” line interventions to improve on the social + ecological elements of a Toronto park
an opportunity to convert a quarry production site into an orchard to meet the demands of food within the Greater Toronto Area
25
33
moundscape park design
allen road tech campus
utilzing the idea of “cut + fill” to create a new public space that deviates from traditional playgrounds of swings, and slides.
an urban design approach in revitalizing the Allen Road Expressway in Toronto by proposing a tech campus that the City needs
East Peninsula of Humberbay Park
H
humberbay park re-imagine collab project with Grace Shaine Wong
The project is located at Humberbay Park in Toronto, Ontario. The park in its current state contains two peninsulas. The East peninsula is heavily vegtated while the West peninsula is catered to social activites due to the exisiting yacht club. The concept of the project focuses on not only maintaining the natural, and social focus of the site, but continue to enhance these factors through a “double bottom line” strategy which ultimately benefits people, birds, and fish. Various interventions are introduced into the two peninsulas and they fall within the spectrum of terrestrial to aquatic systems. Since landscapes are dynamic, overtime these interventions will have layers of vegetation and social influences incorporated into the site. This will potentially have positive effects on the aforementioned targeted users of the site.
7
ico Mim ek Cre
GE’S BRID ASH ARK P BAY
RK
H PA
TO PA M R K MY
TH
O M
PS O N
HIG
DS
AN
site location
O NT
ISL
O
HUMBERBAY PARK
R TO
L MUE K L SA R ONE ITH PA COL SM
HUMBERBAY PARK
HUMAN
WHEN NATURE + SOCIAL COMPLIMENTS BIRDS
FISH
MAP ABOVE: THE CONTEXTUAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SITE AND MAJOR PARK SPACES IN TORONTO, ONTARIO
BIRD HABITAT COMPARISON Although Humberbay Park is relatively smaller when compared to other parks within Toronto. It should be noted that it still has a high bird count for its size. This is due to the locational advantage that Humberbay Park as the two peninsulas extend out to the water, and away from urban development. Through this initial finding, the concept is to maintain the positive impact this locational advantage brings, and further enhance the development of birds, fish, and human activities within the site.
HABITAT TYPES PAVED SURFACES
HUMBER BAY PARK
ASHBRIDGE’S BAY PARK
COLONEL SAMUEL SMITH PARK
HIGH PARK
TORONTO ISLANDS
TOMMY THOMPSON PARK
PARK AREA
195 873m2
28 543m2
613 349m2
1 612 920m2
2 993 080m2
986 315m2
TOTAL BIRD COUNTS
150-200
150-200
150-200
300-400
850-900
300-400
BEACH WETLAND MEADOW WOODLAND
SOCIAL SYSTEM
TERRESTRIAL TERRESTRIAL SYSTEM SYSTEM
AQUATIC AQUATIC SYSTEM SYSTEM
AQUATIC HABITAT WEEDY SHALLOWS
bluegills, pumpkinseed, pike, black crappie, brown bullheads
SHORELINE SHALLOW WATERS brown trout, rainbow trout, pike, chinook salmon, largemouth bass
SHORELINE DEEP WATERS brown trout, rainbow trout, pike, chinook salmon, largemouth bass
UNFAVOURABLE FISH CONDITION
SITE SURFACES VEGETATED SURFACES
SHORELINE CONDITIONS
BIRDS HABITAT WOODLAND
ECOLOGICAL VALUE HIGHEST
PATH + PAVED SURFACES
MEADOW
BEACHES
WETLAND
WATER
BEACH
WETLAND EDGE VEGETATED EDGE Highest
BEACHES RIP-RAP WAVE BREAKS
LOWEST
HARD EDGE Lowest
A
B
PROPOSED PLAN LEGEND BEACH MEADOW WOODLAND WETLAND
INTERVENTIONS OBSERVATION DECK BOARDWALK/ BRIDGES GATHERING PLATFORM PERCHES
CIRCULATION & OTHERS PARKING PAVED AREA BUILDING VEHICULAR ROADS PEDESTRIAN ROADS PATHS & TRAILS SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVES
(PG. 12-13)
9
DYNAMICS OF DOUBLE BOTTOM LINE INTERVENTIONS
The linear line and axonometrics above can be interpreted as a matrix. From left to right, the matrix can be read as the interventions falling within the spectrum of terrestrial to aquatic system. While from top to bottom, shows the moments in which interventions are being deployed onto the site. Lastly, the second line of axonometrics show a change from the ďŹ rst line of axonometrics in terms of the impact caused by each of the interventions due to a progression in time and/ or seasons.
EXISTING WOODY AREA
EXISTING WOODY AREA
BIRD PERCHES WITH CATALYTIC PLANTING
S
trigger succession and extension of woody area BIRD PERCHES WITH CATALYTIC PLANTING
S
trigger succession and extension of woody area
11
sectional perspective A
MUTUAL RELATIONSHIPS OF INTERVENTIONS ON SITE
Although each of the interventions were shown within themselves in the previous spread, through the two illustrations above, it can be seen that the each of the interventions cohesively work with each other as they are integrated into the site. More importantly, the impacts created by the interventions are catered towards the intended users of the site; birds, ďŹ sh, and humans.
BIRD PERCHES WITH CATALYTIC PLANTING
EXISTING WOODY AREA
S
trigger succession and extension of woody area
sedimentation deposition & accumulation
WOODLAND RIPRAP EDGE
WETLAND
wetland grows out as sedimentation accumulates
SOCIAL GATHERING PLATFORM wood deck also providing shelter for fish habitat
S
sectional perspective B
13
Winter Condition of Burlington Quarry
Q
quarry orchard revitalization collab project with Kanwal Aftab + Asuka Kohno
The project is at the Burlington Quarry located in Ontario, Canada. As the quarry prepares to shut down its operations, the six decade process also takes with it much of the economic impact it has on adjacent municpalities. Coupled with future growth projections of these respective cities, Milton and Burlington in particular, there is a demand for the quarry to transition into a renewed economic potential. Utilizing earth work manipulation, and an understanding of the site’s exisiting conditions, the proposal aims to shift the site from what was once a quarry production site into a fruit orchard and winery facility. This shift will allow the site to continue to facilitate the Region while also supporting the demand of the growing population. This proposal is possible due to the negative imprint left onto the site due to the extraction process. Through various landscape interventions; cold air drainage, water drainage, and heat retention can be optimized within the existing remnant of the site. These respective interventions allow maximum production of fruits to be possible on the revitalized site.
15
milton
+103 000 people
population projection
yr. 2016 125 000
yr. 2031 228 000
oakville
+48 000 people
population projection
yr. 2016 198 000
burlington quarry
burlington
+11 000 people
population projection
yr. 2016 175 000
yr. 2031 186 000
yr. 2031 246 000
Domestic + Import Produce Ratio mississauga
+55 000 people
Imported
population projection
yr. 2016 757 000
Domestic
yr. 2031 812 000
1960
2006
percentage
Percentage of World Population Residing in Cities
80%
50%
years
2007
In reference to the aerial image on the left, the municipalities surrounding the project site will all have a great urban population increase by 2031. As urban areas continue to rise in population, the demand for food will increase as well. Also,it should be noted that in 1960, the Greater Toronto Area ‘s (GTA) food source came domestically. Fast forward to 2006 and this trend is reversed; import foods exceeds domestics foods by a huge margin. With the Burlington Quarry mineral production coming to an end, it provides a great opportunity to transition into a site that can still beneďŹ t surrounding municipalities. Due to this, a landscape approach is utilized to alter the site into a fruit production facility that can answer the foreseeable food demand of the GTA.
GTA Total T Produce Demand produce demand
WHY QUARRY TO FOOD PRODUCTION?
2050
466 million kg /year
230 million kg / year years
2015
6 million people
2030
8 million people
2050
11 million people
17
microclimate: what is the site telling us?
sun exposure HIGH
0
surface temperature
LOW
100
HIGH
200m
humidity HIGH
LOW
0
100
200m
0
0
200m
100
200m
0
100
200m
CO ID /
HUM
M WAR
OOL
OL
OL CO ID /
HUMID/C WARM
100
water ow
(autumn + winter)
HUM
WARM COOL
wind direction
LOW
OL
CO DY /
ID HUM
WIN
ARM /W DY
IN TW NO
COLD
COLD
climatic zones
fruits ideal for each climatic zones
a compilation climatic map derived from the microclimate information above
zones catered for each fruit based on the climatic zones within the site
process of energy flows
other sites
quarry
1
dolostone aggregate extracted for construction industris within GTA
2
other sites
agricultural soil overburden from surrounding quarry + development sites
3
organic waste + compost 3 to fertilize soil (2 550 000 m ) and brought to the quarry
targeting niagara region fruits
availability guide (varied species with harvest times shown in bar) JAN peaches
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
4
new soil allows fruit products to grow an delivered to communities across GTA
bearing age (top bar) + life expectancy (bottom bar) JUN
JUL
sugar may
AUG donut
SEP
OCT
NOV
peaches
crimson queen mulica queen demoranville
frontenac gris
0
DEC
arctic supreme champagne
cranberries grapes
quarry
cranberries grapes
pinot gris
sauvignon blanc
reisling
apple
red delicious
gala, mcintosh
gordon
granny smith
pear
harrow delight
bartlett
potomac
bosc
apple pear
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
phasing. extraction operation
water bodies
exisiting vegetation
earthworks
environmental infrastructure
fruit production
buildings
orchard paths
recreation
current
quarry paths
4 years
Burlington quarry site which forecasts a remaining 8 year life span. New ideaology of creating a new form of production site.
The infrastructure required for a fruit production site is put to place. From wetland creation, trees for wind protection to landforms strategies that benefit fruit growth.
wetland purification
grape terraces
site lookout point
7 years
15 years
By this time, all the fruits are able to produce and generate an economy for the site. Quarry operation has ended and recreation component has been added for social development.
Specifically, apples and pears have passed their bearing age and can now be productive. Although quarry operation remains, it should be noted that a shift in fruit production has occured.
years
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
infrastructure
quarry operation wetland habitat buildings + programming roads for quarry roads for fruit farm
extraction+ recycling creation
viable for vegetation + cranberry growth
storage facility delineate roads for quarry machines
production facility
path network and recreational program development
public parking
delineate roads for planting machines
vegetation apples pears
grapes peaches cranberries other vegetation
mound forms mound forms terracing forms espalier forms
wind protection + erosion control
fruit bearing tenure
social
earthworks
plant viability
buildings + road management
proposed site plan 600m
200
B
7
3
4
6
B
0
A
1 8
A 5
2
10 9
Quarry Orchard Primetime:
~5,400,000 kg/yr fruit production
~500 new workers
quarry excavation
shift from heavy machineries to farm based machineries
Legend 1
apple orchard
2
pear orchard
3
grape terraces
4
peach espalier
5
cranberry marsh
6
wetland
7
trees for wind protection
8
dispatch facility community center
9
storage and winery
10 parking
fruit growth conditions: cold air drainage
cold air drainage
apples yields 65 tonnes/ hectare 24 hectare on site
pears yields 70 tonnes/ hectare 24 hectare on site
before
mound creation
before
heat retention
mound creation
optimal growth + harvest condition utilizes water for ood
bog
peaches yields up to 30 tonnes/ hectare 40 hectare on site
before
cranberries yields 25 tonnes/ hectare 13 hectare on site
before
espalier creation
bog creation
water purify
water drainage
grapes yields 30 tonnes/ hectare 21 hectare on site
wetland system
before
terracing creation
before
wetland creation
peach espalier
grape terraces
farmer’s market
21
existing water body
existing water body
created dike
cranberry bog for har
created dike
apple + pear orchard with maintenance paths
cranberry bog for ha
social path
wetland puriďŹ c
rvest
arvest
cation
social path- wood deck
apple + pear orchard with maintenance paths
social path- wood deck
apple + pear orchard with maintenance paths
section AA
social path
0
5
15m
grape terraces with maintenance paths
section BB
0
5
15m
23
Basketball Court at David Crombie Park
M
moundscape park design individual project
The project is situated at David Crombie Park located in Toronto, Ontario. The park is currently surrounded by high density development with various adjacent landuses ranging from commercial, residential, institutional, and recreational. In order to compliment the aforementioned landuses, the park site deďŹ nitely needs to be enhanced so that it can become a communal node for the area. The proposed concept of the park was to utilize the idea of topographic maniupulation. By re-creating the park with this approach, the goal is to create a new type of communal and recreational park space that deviates from convetional parks that have the token monkey bars, swings, slides, etc.
25
overview of proposed site
PARK VIA CUT + FILL The concept of the park is derived through the idea of topographic manipulation; specifically, the idea of cut and fill. By removing soil from the western portion of the park, a centralized communal area is created for various purposes. The removed soil is then utilized to create mounds of various sizes and heights on the eastern portion of the park. Finally, trees are placed strategically throughout the park as a “tying” element between the cut and fill areas of the park.
27
B
+0m
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+0m
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m)
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+(
m)
+(-0.36m)
)
2m
+(-0.54m)
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) 2m .7
10% slope
5m 1.2 0m m 1.0.75 m 0 0 0.5 5m 0.2 0m
)
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)
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+(-0.72m) 10% slope
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1.00m 0.75m 0.50m 0.25m 0m
+0m
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B
section elevation BB 0
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10m
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m
+( -0
)
4m -0.5
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Princess Street
+(-0.18m)
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+0m ) .18m +(-0 m) +(-0.36 ) .54m +(-0
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C
The Esplanade +0m +0m +0m
+0m +0m
1.50m 1.25m
+0m +0m
+0m
2.00m 1.75m 1.50m
A Berkeley Street
1.0 0 0m 0 .75 0.2 .50m m 0m 5m
+0m
+0m
1.00m 0.75m 0.50m 0.25m 0m
1.25m 1.00m 0.75m
+0m
+0m
+0m
1.25m
1.50m 1.25m 1.00m 0.75m 0.50m 0.25m 0m
+0m
1.00m 0.75m 0.50m 0.25m 0m
+0m 0m 1.0 m 0.75 0m 0.5
1.75m
1.50m
1.00m 0.75m 0.50m
m
0.25
0.25m 0m
0m
5m
1.00m
0.25m 0m
Scadding Av A enue
0.50m
+0m
m 0.75
1.25 1.00 m 0.7 m 0 5m 0.2.50m 0m 5m
1.2
+0m
+0m
Topographic Plan 0
5
10m
1:300
Aitken Place C
section elevation AA 0
5
10m
section elevation CC 0
5
10m
29
mound playscape ďŹ ll of 1195.60 m
3
material palette
geo-grid structure
grass
porous concrete
rolling
running & free roam
seating
sight- see
frisbee throwing
lie on mounds and tan
hide & seek
picnic
king of the hill
tobogganing
tag
walk the dog
activities
canopy rest & shade material palette
rock seating
porous concrete
trembling aspen
balsam poplar
white birch
seating
yoga
relaxing
reading
activities
explore
excavated gathering cut of 1106 m3
material palette
seating elements on mounds
porous concrete
activities
music performances
jump rope
seating
community gathering
outdoor education
kite ying
stage for school plays
bike riding
soccer
skating
skateboarding
seasonal festivals
perspecti
Existing Conditions of Allen Road
A
allen road tech campus individual project
This project revolves around the Allen Road Expressway, located in Toronto, Ontario, along with revitalizing the adjacent residential neighbourhoods. Currently, the big problem the site possesses is the lack of East and West connection as a result of the expressway acting as a barrier. Furthermore, there are various areas within the site that pose great potential for development and becoming major nodes of the site. The proposed concept focuses on creating a new technological campus for the site, thus giving it an entirely new identity. This spawns from the idea that Toronto, currently is home to a huge amount of technological companies with no centralized location. Furthermore, municipalities nearby such as Hamilton, Waterloo, Markham all have thriving technological sectors as well. A megastructure that have mutliple uses in terms of residential, commerical, and the technological campus is utilized as a way to increase density and connection enhancement for the site. This structure acts as a new spine for the site in which density and development revolves around.
33
WHY TECHNOLOGICAL HUB IN TORONTO?
*
greater golden horseshore (region)
toronto (city)
adjacent to various tech based municipalities major highways
*
allen road site
allen road (sites)
dispersal of technological companies
established transit conditions
technological based cities
allen road site
airports
major highways
toronto pearson airport
business improvement areas
major technological companies
future LRT line
major TTC stops
STEP BY STEP
north of lawrence
e renc law ion stat
e renc law ion stat n cair glen ion stat
nton egli ion stat eglinton station
determine areas for development
ďŹ rst portion of megastructure creation
megastructure attract areas of development
potential for new landuses east + west connections only
ďŹ nalize megastructure to create linkages
0
100
built form (after) megastructure
buildings on megastructure
0
500m
buildings on site
megastructure
100
street network (after)
preserved streets
0
500m
new streets
100
500m
open space (after)
existing park space
new park space
PROPOSED CONCEPT The following set of diagrams is an explanation of the concept. It is evident that the megastructure acts as a spine and connection network that spans the entire site. From there, changes in relation to landuses, circulation, and open space compliments the megastructure. Through the proposed design, two new nodes are created in the north and south ends of the site. These locations make sense as these new development area encompasses the Lawrence Station (north end) and the future LRT station (south
0
100
collector streets
commercial streets
megastructure access
megastructure
0
500m
street hierarchy
local streets
100
500m
landuse
medium density
commercial + residential
high density
institutional
ofďŹ ces
mix use
community
open space
stable residential neighbourhoods
33
2025 (phase 1)
megastructure initiation, campus community establishment
2040 (phase 2)
complete campus community, development along Eglington
350 600 m2
106 000 m2
999 600 m2
155 321 m2
76 800 m
114 200 m2
24 000 m2
56 000 m2
2
2055 (phase 3)
Final Plan
connecting megastructure, establishing N + S connections
total numbers of program provision
6 000 m2
10 000 m2
1 356 200 m2
271 300 m 2
12 500 m
3 000 m2
113 300 m 2
173 200 m 2
2
37
10% community 14% employment
6% open space
70% residential
25% on megastructure
programmatic distribution of site
20% residential
open space distribution of site 17% recreational
38% campus greens
OPEN SPACE typologies
2 SITE
6 SITE
4 SITE
ON
ON
recreational fields
campus greens
bounded by related uses
0 10
ON
neighbourhood parks
within institutions + offices
50m
0 10
16 SITE
ON
rooftop greens
bounded by residential
50m
0 10
spaces for workers
50m
0
10
50m
BUILDING typologies 14 SITE
18 SITE
ON
31 SITE
ON
slabs
blocks
density in small area
50m
0 10
framing spaces
0 10
32 SITE
ON
50m
blocks with podiums
50m
ON
linear blocks
street activation
0 10
18 SITE
ON
townhouses
massing transition
0 10
edge softening
50m
0 10
50m
STREET typologies
0
10
1
50m
0
commercial street
ON SITE
core of campus
6
ON SITE
10
50m
0
access to megastructure
relationship with existing bridges
10
6
ON SITE
50m
0
collector streets
residential to main streets
49
10m
ON SITE
local streets
small scale streets
allen road
0
10
50m
0
10
50m
0
10
50m
0
10m
39
collage render via: oslo statoil headquarter, steven l anderson design centre
breaking down the megastructure Within the proposed plan, a linkage between the Lawrence Avenue, and Eglinton West transit stations has been created. Not only does this linkage act as a form of pedestrian bridge that serves the connection from north to south, there are also programmatic elements in the form of a megastructure that supports the vision of the site in becoming a technological hub for Toronto.
5m 7m meeting room
community block plan
relax + share
The megastructure is composed of a stacked typology as shown below with respective dimensions for each block. In relation to creating a tech based community for the site, the megastructure contains programmatic elements that cater to such use. For example, the ofďŹ ce space block provides working spaces for startups and tech businesses while the community block provide opportunities of social interaction and collaboration for the respective businesses. The residential blocks provide housing spaces for people that work within the megastructure, or on site.
OR
It should be noted, that through this block system, it creates a stacked typology that can have various permutations. In short, this megastructure can be considered a bridge connection while also providing various programs that enhances the overall vision of work, live, play, and innovate.
commercial block plan back to back store fronts
OR entrance
7m 10m
ofďŹ ce block plan
unit
coworking + innovate
residential block plan
36, 000 m = 120 startups -university of waterloo 2
30 units within
110m 21m
21m
50m
elevator shafts that allows circulation to be possible
parking entrance from the bridge access points
stacked typology various permutations
41
K cktkwok@gmail.com 226 808 0218