Editorial Process Book by clairewarhover

PROCESS

Typography II Fall 2018 | Claire Warhover

editorial

20 16 10 06 05

introduction

inspiration

typesetting

brainstorming

refinement

38 36 34 32

4 | editorial process book

page numbers

colophon

cover

critique

introduction

Assignment You are to create a multiple-page printed publication (book, magazine, newspaper) that showcases your ability to create a clear typographic system using s trong grid and allows for typographic variation as defined by a range of editorial content.

Objectives • Develop and implement a grid • Select a minimum of 2, maximum of 4 appropriate typefaces • Exercise typographic refinement in the areas of typesetting, and organizing structure, development of visual hierarchy and expressive variation relevant to varied content • Select and/or generate appropriate and effective supporting imagery • Develop expressive type and image relationships • Understanding of theme and variation as it relates to the micro/ macro relationship of individual content vs the overarching structure.

inspiration

6 | editorial process book

Much of my inspiration came from the illustrations that I was going to be using in my book, created by Oliver Hibert. His illustrations are psychedelic depictions of mental illness and the inner psyche. The illustrations use black juxtaposed with neon colors showing the contradiction between what the mind imagines and the reality of what we se and feel. He creates images that look like they could be as big as the universe or as small as one human mind.

8 | editorial process book

Outside of those illustrations, I looked for inspiration from posters that were popular during the time when psychedelics were popular. Specifically, I looked at Pink Floyd posters, since these were the lyrics I was going to be using in my book. I also looked at more modern representations of psychedelic imagery, such as the Psych Issue of AIGAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Eye on Design.

typesetting

10 | editorial process book

Initially with my pull quotes, I was using psychedelic and fluid fonts that looked like they were from the 1970â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s. However, when combined with the imagery and color, it looked too fun, especially for a book about depression. I began to look for fonts that were high contrast but simpler, so that I could use the style of the crazier fonts while still looking much szimpler. Eventually however, I decided to use the bold version of my body typeface, which ended up being the perfect font for the pull quotes (on bottom of page 12).

ind enough to allow me to join ur years later I completed my after that, I was lucky enough exciting brain imaging research ugs, first with Psilocybin which is in magic mushrooms and more

lt to explain to people how psyin the brain and it’s hard to still 18 minutes. So instead, what I’m you a few pictures and give you a k about.

kind enough to allow me to join our years later I completed my after that, I was lucky enough exciting brain imaging research ugs, first with Psilocybin which ent in magic mushrooms and LSD.

cult to explain to people how work in the brain and it’s hard that in 18 minutes. So instead, do is show you a few pictures analogies to think about.

Hello, Is there anybody in there?

Hello, PSYCHE PSYCHE Is there anybody in=there? = MIND MIND

DELOS DELOS Hello, Is=there = MANI MANIanybody in there? FEST

FEST

PSYCHE = MIND DELOS = MANI FEST

What if we were to invert our focus and look inside, what would we find?

Hello, is there anybody in there?

Hello, is Hello, anybody is there there anybody in in there? there? EloquentJFPro (regular)

here n

Bodoni (bold)

Skyline (black)

Hello there in the Bodoni (bold)

Hello there in the Couture Sans (bold)

ody

Hello, is there anybody in there?

12 | editorial process book

Couture Sans (bold)

Hello, is

there anybody in there?

Now it’s quite difficult to explain to people how psychedelic drugs work in the brain and it’s hard to still to try and do that in 18 minutes. So instead, what I’m going to do is show you a few pictures and give you a few analogies to think about.

Fairplex Wide 10/14

Kohinoor Bangla 11/14

For the body text I had four main contenders. Ultimately, out of the four, I decided on Fairplex Wide because it was quirky and fun and had a lot of personality, showing the imaginative quality of my book. Even though the speech was about depression, it was also about psychedelics ability to open your mind and treat this depression, so I think this font fit that concept well.

Hell Is th in th

Hel Is t in t

Hel Is th in th

Hello, Is there anybody in there? It’s easy to be captivated by the world out there. It’s a fascinating place. It’s deserving of this attention. But what if we were to invert our focus and look inside, what would we find? Well, I study psychedelic drugs for a living. And the reason why I do this — often could fault you — is because I think they’re special. And the reason why I think they’re special is that I believe they have a unique ability to reveal to us the very depths of our minds, dreams, and perhaps a select few other states may hint at what lies beyond the reaches of normal consciousness. But psychedelics, in my view, are really unrivaled in their ability to do this. Now, many of you will be familiar with the word psychedelic but I doubt so many of you are familiar with its origins or what it means.

So psychedelic was a word that was coined in the 1950s by the British psychiatrist Humphry Osmond with reference to this class of drugs that I

study. And it combines two Greek words: psyche and delos which when put together mean to make the mind manifest or to reveal the soul. Now I’ve been fascinated by psychology for most of my adult life. The one question that has always bugged me is why can’t it prove the existence of the unconscious mind? Is it because it doesn’t exist? Or is it because it’s especially difficult to see? Now I’ve come to believe quite strongly that it’s the latter. But then the key question is: how can we make it easier to see? Freud famously told us about dreams how they’re a window in on the Unconscious of Royal Road. But the problem is dreaming happens while we’re asleep. And then when we wake up, all we’re left with is this flimsy memory of what we actually experience. So it’s while I was studying for my Masters that I found myself asking whether a drug exists that can facilitate access

Anyway, David was kind enough to allow me to join his team and then four years later I completed my PhD with him. Soon after that, I was lucky enough to begin some quite exciting brain imaging research with psychedelic drugs, first with Psilocybin which is the active ingredient in magic mushrooms and more recently with LSD. Now it’s quite difficult to explain to people how psychedelic drugs work in the brain and it’s hard to still to try and do that in 18 minutes. So instead, what I’m going to do is show you a few pictures and give you a few analogies to think about. So what we’re looking at here are communication pathways in the brain. Each line is a communication pathway between two different regions in the brain. And believe it or not, there’s actually an equal number of lines or pathways in each of these two circles. Yet they look very different; don’t they? Essentially what we’re seeing is the normal brain on the left where communication is confined to particular communities or cliques in the brain. So for example, visual regions are talking mostly with other visual regions. This is what happens ordinarily.

14 | editorial process book

Then we look at the psychedelic brain on the right. There’s much less of this clicking, much more of an open freer conversation going on across the brain.

Hello, Is there anybody in there? Just nod if you can hear me. Is there anyone at home? Come on now I hear you’re feeling down Well, I can ease your pain And get you on your feet again

For the final typsetting of my body I decided on a call and response type of paragraph. I devided my grid into 6 vertical columns, using four for the body copy and 2 for the song lyrics on the right. By typesetting the body in small and white and the lyrics large and in color, it read sort of like a call and response between the two different sections. I preferred this to the equal two column format beacause it felt like the two texts were more integrated and it felt less symetrical and boring.

Trapped in Her Own Rainbow of Doom, Oliver Hibert EloquentJFPro (9)

Trapped in Her Own Rainbow of Doom, Oliver Hibert Kohinoor Bangla (9)

Trapped in Her Own Rainbow of Doom, Oliver Hibert Kohinoor Bangla (9, bold)

Trapped in Her Own Rainbow of Doom, Oliver Hibert Fairplex Wide (9, black)

Trapped in Her Own Rainbow of Doom, Oliver Hibert Fairplex Wide (9, medium, italic)

brainstorming

16 | editorial process book

Near the beginning of my brainstorming, I created pages with many colors, both in the background and in the foreground. I realized however that this did not accurately convey the seriousness of my topic. I began to create more designs that still used neon colors, but in fields of all black. This combination felt to me like a good depiction of what it might feel like to experience psychedelics when you are used to being depressed. Also, because the illustrations I used are so busy and complex, it made sense to have them next to black pages so that the bright colored pages didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t distract from the bright colored illustrations.

Hello, is there anybody in there? It’s easy to be captivated by the world out there. It’s a fascinating place. It’s deserving of this attention. But what if we were to invert our focus and look inside, what would we find? Well, I study psychedelic drugs for a living. And the reason why I do this — often could fault you — is because I think they’re special. And the reason why I think they’re special is that I believe they have a unique ability to reveal to us the very depths of our minds, dreams, and perhaps a select few other states may hint at what lies beyond the reaches of normal consciousness. But psychedelics, in my view, are really unrivaled in their ability to do this. Now, many of you will be familiar with the word psychedelic but I doubt so many of you are familiar with its origins or what it means.

So psychedelic was a word that was coined in the 1950s by the British psychiatrist Humphry Osmond with reference to this class of drugs that I

What if we were to invert our focus and look inside, what would we find?

Okay, just a little pin prick

But depression can also be more stark in its presentation and often tragically when it’s too late. Some 15% of patients with major depression will take their own lives. And it’s a frightening statistic now that suicide is the leading cause of death among males under the age of 45 in the UK. So what can be done about these things? How effective are current treatments? Well, the good news is they’re not ineffective. This chart here shows the relative effect size of different treatments for depression. Just to give you some perspective on it, it’s convention to consider an effect size of 0.8 which is where the line is as large, so you can see that antidepressant medications, psychotherapy and placebo, all have pretty large effect sizes in depression. But even so around about 50% of patients won’t respond to the

Can you stand up? I do believe it’s working, good That’ll keep you going through the show. Come on, it’s time to go

What if we were to invert our focus and look inside, what would we find?

So as you can imagine, after reading these things, I was filled with a very strong sense of purpose and direction. I wrote to Professor David Nutt then at the University of Bristol. And I told him I wanted to study the brain on LSD and to see whether it looks like the dreaming brain. Anyway, David was kind enough to allow me to join his team and then four years later I completed my PhD with him. Soon after that, I was lucky enough to begin some quite exciting brain imaging research with psychedelic drugs, first with Psilocybinwhich is the active ingredient in magic mushrooms and more recently with LSD.

18 | editorial process book

There is no pain, you are receding A distant ship smoke on the horizon You are only coming through in waves Your lips move but I can’t hear what you’re saying When I was a child I had a fever My hands felt just like two balloons Now I’ve got that feeling once again I can’t explain, you would not understand This is not how I am I have become comfortably numb

Hello, Is there anybody in there? Just nod if you can hear me. Is there anyone at home? Come on now I hear you’re feeling down Well, I can ease your pain And get you on your feet again

You are only coming through in waves.

Your lips move, but I can’t hear what you’re saying.

Another useful way to think of how psychedelics work in the brain is to think of what it’s like to be an infant, experiencing everything is a novel, feeling emotionally labile woman at your laughing and an extra crying, having a wildly overactive imagination being mesmerized by the likes of iggle piggle or makka pakka. It’s no coincidence therefore that if you look at how the brain develops as we develop from infancy into adulthood and you compare that with how the brain changes under a psychedelic, what you see are kind of mirror opposites. So instead of a brain becoming more sophisticated as we develop more finesse but also more constrained, you have a brain that is simpler and freer in its functioning. Third useful way to think of how psychedelics work in the brain is to think of the dream state. Here we’re looking at the effect of LSD on the brain. And what we’re seeing is that much more of the brain contributes to the visual experience under LSD than it does ordinarily. And this effect actually correlated very strongly with the dreamlike visions that people reported under LSD when their eyes were closed. So we could think of both these states: the At excea volorepero et est que nia volum sa consequ asint. Apeliquat magni dolorepel ipsundia dit velest optatur? Ehent magnatem inus. Musam etur? Ullut id molorem poreica tiaesti orumet et mincia nemodi ut aperferror magname ndigendis ut vent alicatur, con corpore poreptaque simolest, consece ribust verorio nseque di doluptas

So psychedelic was a word that was coined in the 1950s by the British psychiatrist Humphry Osmond with reference to this class of drugs that I

refinement

20 | editorial process book

On the following pages, I show how each spread changed throughout the process of designing. Near the end I will show you the pages that stayed relatively the same throughout the design process. You will see across each of these pages that I started off my book by trying to pack as much into each page as possible. As they developed, I limited the number of elements on each page to make sure that they werenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t competing with each other. I also made sure that by the end I was only using three colors for the colored type as opposed to the whole rainbow, greenish yellow, purple, and pink.

Hello, is there anybody in there?

It’s easy to be captivated by the world out there. It’s a fascinating place. It’s deserving of this attention. But what if we were to invert our focus and look inside, what would we find? Well, I study psychedelic drugs for a living. And the reason why I do this — often could fault you — is because I think they’re special. And the reason why I think they’re special is that I believe they have a unique ability to reveal to us the very depths of our minds, dreams, and perhaps a select few other states may hint at what lies beyond the reaches of normal consciousness. But psychedelics, in my view, are really unrivaled in their ability to do this. Now, many of you will be familiar with the word psychedelic but I doubt so many of you are familiar with its origins or what it means.

Hello, is

there anybody in there?

PSYCHE =MIND

DELOS =MANIFEST

Now I’ve come to believe quite strongly that it’s the latter. But then the key question is: how can we make it easier to see? Freud famously told us about dreams how they’re a window in on the Unconscious of Royal Road. But the problem is dreaming happens while we’re asleep. And then when we wake up, all we’re left with is this flimsy memory of what we actually experience. So it’s while I was studying for my Masters that I found myself asking whether a drug exists that can facilitate access to the unconscious mind. I did a brief library search and I came across this book: Realms of the Human Unconscious: Observations from LSD Research written by the Czech psychiatrist Stanislav Grof in 1975. I swiftly took this book out of the library. I brought it back to my room. I opened it and I read. Many of the phenomena in these LSD sessions could be understood in psychological and psychoanalytic terms. They had a structure not dissimilar to that of dreams. And Freud once said of dreams that they are a Royal Road to a knowledge of the unconscious mind. But to an even greater degree, this seems to be true for the LSD experience.

Just nod if you can hear me Is there anyone at home? Come on now I hear you’re feeling down Well I can ease your pain And get you on your feet again

So psychedelic was a word that was coined in the 1950s by the British psychiatrist Humphry Osmond with reference to this class of drugs that I study. And it combines two Greek words: psyche and delos which when put together mean to make the mind manifest or to reveal the soul. Now I’ve been fascinated by psychology for most of my adult life. The one question that has always bugged me is why can’t it prove the existence of the unconscious mind? Is it because it doesn’t exist? Or is it because it’s especially difficult to see? Now I’ve come to believe quite strongly that it’s the latter. But then the key question is: how can we make it easier to see? Freud famously told us about dreams how they’re a window in on the Unconscious of Royal Road. But the problem is dreaming happens while we’re asleep. And then when we wake up, all we’re left with is this flimsy memory of what we actually experience. So it’s while I was studying for my Masters that I found myself asking whether a drug exists that can facilitate access to the unconscious mind. I did a brief library search and I came across this book: Realms of the Human Unconscious: Observations from LSD Research written by the Czech psychiatrist Stanislav Grof in 1975. I swiftly took this book out of the library. I brought it back to my room. I opened it and I read.

22 | editorial process book

Many of the phenomena in these LSD sessions could be understood in psychological and psychoanalytic terms. They had a structure not dissimilar to that of dreams. And Freud once said of dreams that they are a Royal Road to a knowledge of the unconscious mind. But to an even greater degree, this

Just nod if you can hear me Is there anyone at home? Come on now I hear you’re feeling down Well I can ease your pain And get you on your feet again

It’s easy to be captivated by the world out there. It is a fascinating place. It’s deserving of this attention. But what if we were to invert our focus and look inside, what would we find? Well, I study psychedelic drugs for a living. And the reason why I do this — often could fault you — is because I think they’re special. And the reason why I think they’re special is that I believe they have a unique ability to reveal to us the very depths of our minds, dreams, and perhaps a select few other states may hint at what lies beyond the reaches of normal consciousness. But psychedelics, in my view, are really unrivaled in their ability to do this. Now, many of you are familiar with the word psychedelic but I doubt so many of you are familiar with its origins or what it means.

Relax, Can you show me where it hurts?

And finally, the capacity of psychedelic drugs to exteriorize otherwise invisible phenomena and make them the subject of scientific investigation gives these substances a unique potential as research tools for the exploration of the human mind; does not seem inappropriate or an exaggeration to compare their potential significance for psychiatry and to psychology to that of the microscope for medicine or the telescope for astronomy. So as you can imagine, after reading these things, I was filled with a very strong sense of purpose and direction. I wrote to Professor David Nutt then at the University of Bristol. And I told him I wanted to study the brain on LSD and to see whether it looks like the dreaming brain. Anyway, David was kind enough to allow me to join his team and

Relax, Can you show me where it hurts?

seems to be true for the LSD experience. And finally, the capacity of psychedelic drugs to exteriorize otherwise invisible phenomena and make them the subject of scientific investigation gives these substances a unique potential as research tools for the exploration of the human mind; does not seem inappropriate or an exaggeration to compare their potential significance for psychiatry and to psychology to that of the microscope for medicine or the telescope for astronomy. So as you can imagine, after reading these things, I was filled with a very strong sense of purpose and direction. I wrote to Professor David Nutt then at the University of Bristol. And I told him I wanted to study the brain on LSD and to see whether it looks like the dreaming brain.

Can you show me where it hurts? And finally, the capacity of psychedelics to exteriorize otherwise invisible phenomena and make them the subject of scientific investigation gives these substances unique potential as research tools for the exploration of the human mind; does not seem inappropriate or an exaggeration to compare their potential significance for psychiatry and psychology to that of the microscope for medicine or the telescope for astronomy. So you can imagine, after reading these things, I was filled with a very strong sense of purpose and direction. I wrote to Professor David Nutt then at the University of Bristol. And I told him I wanted to study the brain on LSD and to see whether it looks like the dreaming brain.

then four years later I completed my PhD with him. Soon after that, I was lucky enough to begin some quite exciting brain imaging research with psychedelic drugs, first with Psilocybinwhich is the active ingredient in magic mushrooms and more recently with LSD. Now it’s quite difficult to explain to people how psychedelic drugs work in the brain and it’s hard to still to try and do that in 18 minutes. So instead, what I’m going to do is show you a few pictures and give you a few analogies to think about. So what we’re looking at here are communication pathways in the brain. Each line is a communication pathway between two different regions in the brain. And believe it or not, there’s actually an equal number of lines or pathways in each of these two circles. Yet they look very different; don’t they? Essentially what we’re seeing is the normal brain on the left where communication is confined to particular communities or cliques in the brain. So for example, visual regions are talking mostly with other visual regions. This is what happens ordinarily. Then we look at the psychedelic brain on the right. There’s much less of this clicking, much more of an open freer conversation going on across the brain. Another useful way to think of how psychedelics work in the brain is to think of what it’s like to be an infant, experiencing everything is a novel, feeling emotionally labile woman at your laughing and an extra crying, having a wildly overactive imagination being mesmerized by the likes of iggle piggle or makka pakka. It’s no coincidence therefore that if you look at how the

There is no pain, you are receding A distant ship, smoke on the horizon You are only coming through in waves Your lips move, but I can’t hear what you’re saying

There is no pain, you are receding

A distant ship, smoke on the horizon

You are only coming through in waves

24 | editorial process book

Your lips move, but I can’t hear what you’re saying

When I was a child, I had a fever

ally an equal number of lines or pathways in each of these two circles. Yet they look very different; don’t they? Essentially what we’re seeing is the normal brain on the left where communication is confined to particular communities or cliques in the brain. So for example, visual regions are talking mostly with other visual regions. This is what happens ordinarily.

Then we look at the psychedelic brain on the right. There’s much less of this clicking, much more of an open freer conversation going on across the brain.

So what we’re looking at here are communication pathways in the brain. Each line is a communication pathway between two different regions in the brain. And believe it or not, there’s actu-

My hands felt just like two balloons

Just the basic facts Can you show me where it hurts? There is no pain, you are receding

actually an equal number of lines or pathways in each of these two circles. Yet they look very different; don’t they? Essentially what we are seeing here is the normal brain on the left where communication is confined to particular communities or cliques in the brain. For example, visual regions are talking mostly with other visual regions. This is what happens ordinarily. Then we look at the psychedelic brain on the right. There’s much less of this clicking, much more of an open freer conversation going on across the brain. Another useful way to think of how psychedelics work in brains is to think of what it is like to be an infant, experiencing everything is a novel, feeling emotionally labile at your laughing and extra crying, having a wildly overactive imagination and being

A distant ship smoke on the horizon You are only coming through in waves 11

Now I've got that feeling once again,

ination being mesmerized by the likes of iggle piggle or makka pakka. It’s no coincidence therefore that if you look at how the brain develops as we develop from infancy into adulthood and you compare that with how the brain changes under a psychedelic, what you see are kind of mirror opposites.

This is not

how I am. I have become

comfortably numb.

So instead of a brain becoming more sophisticated as we develop more finesse but also more constrained, you have a brain that is simpler and freer in its functioning. Third useful way to think of how psychedelics work in the brain is to think of the dream state. Here we’re looking at the effect of LSD on the brain. And what we’re seeing is that much more of the brain contributes to the visual experience under LSD than it does ordinarily. And this effect actually correlated very strongly

I can’t explain, you would not understand

This is not how I am imagination being mesmerized by the likes of iggle piggle or makka pakka. It’s no coincidence therefore that if you look at how the brain develops as we develop from infancy into adulthood and you compare that with how the brain changes under a psychedelic, what you see are kind of mirror opposites. So instead of a brain becoming more sophisticated as we develop more finesse but also more constrained, you have a brain that is simpler and freer in its functioning. Third useful way to think of how psychedelics work in the brain is to think of the dream state. Here we’re looking at the effect of LSD on the brain. And what we’re seeing is that much more of the brain contributes to the visual experience under LSD than it does ordinarily. And this effect actually correlated very strongly

Your lips move but I can’t hear what you’re saying When I was a child I had a fever

I can’t explain, you would not understand,

mesmerized by the likes of iggle piggle or makka pakka. It’s no coincidence therefore that if you look at how the brain develops as we develop from infancy into adulthood and you compare that with how the brain changes under a psychedelic, what you see are kind of mirror opposites. So instead of a brain becoming more sophisticated as we develop more finesse but also more constrained, you have a brain that is simpler and freer in its functioning. Third useful way to think of how psychedelics work in the brain is to think of the dream state. Here we’re looking at the effect of LSD on the brain. And what we’re seeing is that much more of the brain contributes to the visual experience under LSD than it does ordinarily. And this effect actually correlated very strongly with the dreamlike visions that people reported under LSD when their eyes were closed.

this is not how I am

Your lips move but I can’t hear what you’re saying When I was a child I had a fever 13

There’ll be no more

“AHH!”

with the dreamlike visions that people reported under LSD when their eyes were closed. So we could think of both these states: the dream state and the psychedelic state as conditions where the brain becomes untethered or unanchored from incoming sensory information. And then in this state, it can operate in a more anarchic freewheeling kind of way, conjuring up imagery from the very depths of the mind and the brain, rather than relying on sensory information coming into the brain. But perhaps, the most important thing to have come out of our research with psychedelics isn’t a knowledge of how they work in the brain but rather some idea of how they may be useful or how they can be applied. In this vein, we’ve recently completed the first phase of the first-level clinical trial looking at psilocybin magic mushrooms as a treatment for major depression.

But you may feel a little sick

Now it’s important that I make you aware of the magnitude of the problem of depression that really isn’t something that should be swept under the carpet, although unfortunately often it is. It’s a leading cause of disability worldwide. It actually affects some 350 million people. To put that in perspective, that’s more than the total population of the United States. And if you care about money, it’s also especially costly. It’s the most costly brain disorder in Europe and its annual cost to the US alone is $200 billion. That’s roughly the GDP of the Republic of Ireland. And depression is quite an insidious disorder. It’s often evident by the absence of something that might be the absence of pleasure or positive mood more generally. Or, it could be the absence of the individual themselves and they simply not get out of bed

There’ll be no more

the first phase of the first-level clinical trial looking at psilocybin magic mushrooms as a treatment for major depression.

26 | editorial process book

My hands felt just like two balloons Now I’ve got that feeling once again

And depression is quite an insidious disorder. It’s often evident by the absence of something that might be the absence of pleasure or positive mood more generally. Or, it could be the absence of the individual themselves and they simply not get out of bed in the morning and make it into work. The depression is the leading cause of absenteeism in the workplace.

I can’t explain, you would not understand

This is not how I am

So what can be done about these things? How effective are current treatments? Well, the good news is they’re not ineffective. This chart here shows the relative effect size of different treatments for depression. Just to give you some perspective on it, it’s convention to consider an effect size of 0.8 which is where the line is as large, so you can see that

I have become comfortably numb

“AHHHH!” But you may feel a little sick

There’ll be no more Now it’s important that I make you aware of the magnitude of the problem of depression that really isn’t something that should be swept under the carpet, although unfortunately often it is. It’s a leading cause of disability worldwide. It actually affects some 350 million people. To put that in perspective, that’s more than the total population of the United States. And if you care about money, it’s also especially costly. It’s the most costly brain disorder in Europe and its annual cost to the US alone is $200 billion. That’s roughly the GDP of the Republic of Ireland. And depression is quite an insidious disorder. It’s often evident by the absence of something that might be the absence of pleasure or positive mood more generally. Or, it could be the absence of the individual themselves and they simply not get out of bed in the morning and make it into work. The depression is the leading cause of absenteeism in the workplace. But depression can also be more stark in its presentation and often tragically when it’s too late. Some 15% of patients with major depression will take their own lives. And it’s a frightening statistic now that suicide is the leading cause of death among males under the age of 45 in the UK. So what can be done about these things? How effective are current treatments? Well, the good news is they’re not ineffective. This chart here shows the relative effect size of different treatments for depression. Just to give you some perspective on it, it’s convention to consider an effect size of 0.8 which is where the line is as large, so you can see that antidepressant medications, psychotherapy and placebo, all have pretty large effect sizes in depression.

My hands felt just like two balloons Now I’ve got that feeling once again I can’t explain, you would not understand This is not how I am I have become comfortably numb

“AHHHH!” But you may feel a little sick 15

Okay, just a little pin prick

There’ll be no more “AHH!” the problem of depression that really isn’t something that should be swept under the carpet, although unfortunately often it is. It’s a leading cause of disability worldwide. It actually affects some 350 million people. To put that in perspective, that’s more than the total population of the United States. And if you care about money, it’s also especially costly. It’s the most costly brain disorder in Europe and its annual cost to the US alone is $200 billion. That’s roughly the GDP of the Republic of Ireland. And depression is quite an insidious disorder. It’s often evident by the absence of something that might be the absence of pleasure or positive mood more generally. Or, it could be the absence of the individual themselves and they simply not get out of bed in the morning and make it into work. The depression is the leading cause of absenteeism in the workplace. But depression can also be more stark in its presentation and often tragically when it’s too late. Some 15% of patients with major depression will take their own lives. And it’s a frightening statistic now that suicide is the leading cause of death among males under the age of 45 in the UK. So what can be done about these things? How effective are current treatments? Well, the good news is they’re not ineffective. This chart here shows the relative effect size of different treatments for depression. Just to give you some perspective on it, it’s convention to consider an effect size of 0.8 which is where the line is as large, so you can see that antidepressant medications, psychotherapy and placebo, all have pretty large effect sizes in depression.

But you may feel a little sick Can you stand up? I do believe it’s working, good That’ll keep you going through the show. Come on, it’s time to go

But even so around about 50% of patients won’t respond to the

Okay, just a little pin prick the problem of depression that really isn’t something that should be swept under the carpet, although unfortunately often it is. It’s a leading cause of disability worldwide. It actually affects some 350 million people. To put that in perspective, that’s more than the total population of the United States. And if you care about money, it’s also especially costly. It’s the most costly brain disorder in Europe and its annual cost to the US alone is $200 billion. That’s roughly the GDP of the Republic of Ireland. And depression is quite an insidious disorder. It’s often evident by the absence of something that might be the absence of pleasure or positive mood more generally. Or, it could be the absence of the individual themselves and they simply not get out of bed in the morning and make it into work. The depression is the leading cause of absenteeism in the workplace.

Okay, just a little pin prick So we could think of both these states: the dream state and the psychedelic state as conditions where the brain becomes untethered or unanchored from incoming sensory information. And then in this state, it can operate in a more anarchic freewheeling kind of way, conjuring up imagery from the very depths of the mind and the brain, rather than relying on sensory information coming into the brain. But perhaps, the most important thing to have come out of our research with psychedelics isn’t a knowledge of how they work in the brain but rather some idea of how they may be useful or how they can be applied. In this vein, we’ve recently completed the first phase of the first-level clinical trial looking at psilocybin magic mushrooms as a treatment for major depression.

There is no pain, you are receding A distant ship smoke on the horizon You are only coming through in waves

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Your lips move,

but I can’t hear what you’re saying.

You are only coming through in waves

Your lips move,

but I can’t hear what you’re saying.

So “psychedelic” was a word that was coined in the 1950s by the British psychiatrist Humphry Osmond with reference to the class of drugs that I study. And it combines two Greek words: psyche and delos which when put together mean to make the mind manifest or to reveal the soul. Now I’ve been fascinated by psychology for most of my adult life. The single question that always bugged me is why can’t it prove the existence of the unconscious mind?” Is it because it does not exist? Or is it because it’s especially difficult to see? Now I have come to believe quite strongly that it is the latter. But the key question is: how can we make it easier to see? Freud famously told us about dreams, how they are a window in on the Unconscious of Royal Road. The problem is that dreaming occurs while we’re asleep. And then when we wake up, all we’re left with is this flimsy memory of what we actually experience. So it was while I was studying for my Masters that I found myself asking whether a drug exists that can facilitate access to the unconscious mind. I did a brief library search and I came across this book: Realms of the Human Unconscious: Observations from an LSD Research Study written by the Czech psychiatrist Stanislav Grof in 1975. I swiftly took this book out of the library. I brought it back to my room. I opened it and I read. Many of the phenomena in the LSD sessions can be understood in psychological and psychoanalytic terms. They had a structure not dissimilar to that of dreams. And Freud once said of dreams that they are a Royal Road to the knowledge of the unconscious mind. But to an even greater degree, this seems to be true for an LSD experience.

Just nod if you can hear me Is there anyone at home? Come on now I hear you’re feeling down Well I can ease your pain And get you on your feet again 7

Even though some of the pages changed drastically throughout the process, there were a few that stayed the same. These pages looked good when I started out, so the rest of the book was sort of made around what I knew I wanted it to look like.

in the morning and make it into work. The depression is the leading cause of absenteeism in the workplace. But depression can also be more stark in its presentation and often tragically when it’s too late. Some 15% of patients with major depression will take their own lives. And it’s a frightening statistic now that suicide is the leading cause of death among males under the age of 45 in the UK. So what can be done about these things? How effective are current treatments? Well, the good news is they’re not ineffective. This chart here shows the relative effect size of different treatments for depression. Just to give you some perspective on it, it’s convention to consider an effect size of 0.8 which is where the line is as large, so you can see that antidepressant medications, psychotherapy and placebo, all have pretty large effect sizes in depression. But even so around about 50% of patients won’t respond to the antidepressants that their doctors prescribe them and as many as 20% fail to respond to any treatment at all. And it’s these particularly refractory treatment resistant cases that we’re seeing in our current trial. But before I tell you about our results, I think it’s important that I emphasize to you, especially to those of you who are naive to the effects of psychedelics, that an experience with one of these drugs can be among the most profound of the whole of your life. So evidence suggests that in terms of meaningfulness, it can be up there with pretty much anything, facing death, falling in love, or bringing in new life.

Now I should caution that it’s early days yet; we had 12 patients in the trial at this stage. Now actually have more data and the effects look even better. But even so there were several hundred patients in these other studies. Also all the patients knew that they were going to receive psilocybin whereas these other studies had a placebo control element. That’s actually what we are going to be doing next. Even so with these caveats entered you can see that the magnitude of the effect that we’re seeing so far is considerable, even at the three month post treatment period where they have not received any treatments for that duration of time.

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Also, remember that our patients had treatment resistant depression. Many of our patients reported having had depression

Can you stand up? I do believe it’s working, good That’ll keep you going through the show

for most of their adult lives. The average duration of the illness in the sample was 18 years, yet all of them showed improvement in their depressive symptoms for at least three weeks after their treatment. Two-thirds, 67% met criteria for remission one week post treatment. Remission means they’re essentially depression free. And 42% maintained the status of being depression free for three months after the treatment. So to finish, I’m just going to read you a short case report written by one of the patients in our trial. He is a male, aged 52, has a long history of depression, quite severe depression stretching back to his 20s. He’s tried a number of different medications all of which haven’t worked for him and also psychotherapy. About his baseline state before the treatment, he says the following: “Four decades I battled depression, the awful feeling that you

don’t matter, you’re not making a difference that everyone else is having a better life, the utter pointlessness of it or getting no real enjoyment from anything.” Then about the experience, he says, “These simply aren’t words to describe it but I can say that the usual negative self narration that I have had vanished completely. It was replaced by a sense of beautiful chaos, a landscape of unimaginable color and beauty. I began to see that all of my concerns about daily living were not relevant that they were a result of a negative spiral. I also felt like I was learning without being taught that intuition was being fed. Fleeting feelings from my past came back, memories too, both of which had seemed long forgotten.” Then about the outcome, this was written a couple of weeks after he had completed the trial. He says, “Although it’s in its early days yet, the results are amazing. I feel more confident and calm than I have in such a long time. My outlook has changed significantly too. I’m more aware that it’s pointless to get wrapped up in endless negativity. I also feel as if I’ve seen a much clearer picture. Another side to it is that I feel like I’ve had a second chance like a survivor. I can enjoy things now the way I used to without the cynicism, without the oppression. At its most basic I feel like I used to before the depression.” If you’re curious how this patient is doing in the longer term, we have collected his 6-month follow-up data now. I’m pleased to say that he’s still in remission. You can see his data highlighted

Come on, it’s time to go. There is no pain you are receding A distant ship smoke on the horizon

When I was a child I caught a fleeting glimpse Out of the corner of my eye I turned to look but it was gone I cannot put my finger on it now 27

The child is grown,

the dream is gone,

here in blue. Of course, I’ve cherrypicked a particularly good example here and you can see from some of the other patients on this chart that at the three-month follow-up period are showing some signs of relapse. So this is an important opportunity to say that this isn’t a magic cure, it’s not a golden bullet that’s going to help everyone. There is much more work that needs to be done to learn how to optimize this treatment and further test its effectiveness. But hopefully you’ve got a sense from that case that I reported. And I can tell you from many other cases that I have sat with that when this is done properly with the correct level of preparation, good drug effects working in synergy with good therapy to lift the veil on the mind and exercise all that lies beneath, it can truly work like a dream.

I have become

comfortably numb.

page numbers

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Hello, is there anybody in there?

Can you show me where it hurts?

For the page numbers, I wasn’t sure whether to go very playful or just have them sort of sit back. I ultimately settled on something in between, shown on the bottom right of this spread. I used a more fun font, but set it small and in the corner of one page in each spread, keeping it relatively understated.

Relax, Can you show me where it hurts?

Can you show me where it hurts? And finally, the capacity of psychedelic drugs to exteriorize otherwise invisible phenomena and make them the subject of scientific investigation gives these substances a unique potential as research tools for the exploration of the human mind; does not seem inappropriate or an exaggeration to compare their potential significance for psychiatry and to psychology to that of the microscope for medicine or the telescope for astronomy. So as you can imagine, after reading these things, I was filled with a very strong sense of purpose and direction. I wrote to Professor David Nutt then at the University of Bristol. And I told him I wanted to study the brain on LSD and to see whether it looks like the dreaming brain.

Primary Body Text Psychedelics: Lifting the Veil A TED Talk by Robin Carhart-Harris

Secondary Text Comfortably Numb Pink Floyd From The Wall

Illustrations

colophon

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All illustrations done by Oliver Hibert

Primary Body Text Psychedelics: Lifting the Veil A TED Talk by Robin Carhart-Harris

Secondary Text Comfortably Numb Pink Floyd From The Wall

Illustrations All illustrations done by Oliver Hibert

This Editorial was designed by Claire Warhover for Typography II in Fall 2018 at the Sam Fox School of Design & Visual Arts. Typefaces used are Fairplex Wide and Synthemesc. All Illustrations were done by Oliver Hibert. The back cover illustration is titled “Sailing into Oblivion.” The interior illustrations are titled as follows:

4 6 8 14 16 21 26

Claire Warhover Editorial Typography II Fall 2018 Fairplex Wide

Self Portrait Die WD Cover Death at First Sight In Her Own Rainbow of Doom Darrier of Doom Psychic Rainbow of Doom

4 6 8 14 16 21 26

Self Portrait Die WD Cover Death at First Sight In Her Own Rainbow of Doom Darrier of Doom Psychic Rainbow of Doom

My book had the typical colophon at the end, but it also had a page at the beginning stating the texts and illustrations that were going to be in the book. In both of them, I used white text for the body and used a small amount of color to draw the viewer’s attention to certain areas. For the page numbers in the colophon at the back, I used the same font that I used for the page numbers thourought the book.

Lifting

Psychedelics e V eil

hedeli yc

PSY

cover

eil the V

EDEL CH

Li ftin g

S IC

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Li ftin g

eil the V

For my cover, I decided that I wanted it to be two layered pieces of paper, with a cutout on the top one so that you could see something underneath. My final cover was an orange piece of paper with a circle cut through it, and a black piece of paper with a white and rainbow eyeball that you could see through to. The back cover was also orange with a hole cut through it, and an illustration underneath.

critique

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At critique, many people said that that they liked the back cover of my book, and how it had a three-dimensional effect due to the cutout hands. They also said that they liked the binding method, and how the colors of the string mirrored the colors used inside the book. Overall people enjoyed my design and did not have any major qualms. From my own perspective, one thing I wish I would have been able to make my cover a thicker weight than the rest of the paper in the book, since the paper inside is so thick. I also wish I could have had more time to glue the pages better, so that they werenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t as lumpy. Overall however I was happy with the book and was glad that other people liked it too.

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Claire Warhover Editorial Process Book Typography II Fall 2018 Strada TF

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