Networking twin towns

一䔀吀圀伀刀䬀䤀一䜀 吀圀䤀一 吀伀圀一匀

甀 爀 戀 愀 渀 猀 攀 琀 琀 氀 攀 洀 攀 渀 琀

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2

Urb an Set t lem ent : NETWOR K I NG TWI N TOWNS

ANNIINA KORTEMAA CLAUDIA STORELLI EVGENIYA SOKOLOVA HAOTIAN YANG IGNACIO SUNGJAE LEE LALIE TRINCA MARGHERITA PASQUALI XIAO ZHANG XU WANLI

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4

C ONTENTS

Introduction

6

Field Trip

9

Analysis

27

Concept

59

Proposal

69

Summary

141

5

I NTRODU C TI ON

DATA 409 urban settlements 52 double village Low Density: 129 ab./km² 22 building typologies 4 conditions lack of maintainance abandoned ruins unfinished CRITICAL POINTS Low quality of living in both towns No identity Lack of landmark places No connection with waterfront Lack of public spaces Disconnection between districts Disconnection between new and old town STRENGHTS Heritage of the existing buildings Public spaces Green areas Abandoned buildins Abandoned green areas Building typologies PLANNING TOOLS Typology analisis Public spaces developement Municipality intention Interviews PRG

6

Abst ra ct :

Starting from an analytical work based on the parallel development in upper town and Badolato Marina of the building typologies and public spaces by the decades, from 1850 to contemporary times, the whole design strategy primarily focuses on one of the main problems of this huge land: the lack unity and homogeneity between parts, which consequently leads to a detachment of them all, forming a system in which the main parts don’t work together. For both the towns the strategy is to improve connections, developing an homogenous system, which for the newer Badolato Marina is firstly based on the division in four main districts, all directly connected to the waterfront: four main paths, all starting from a point which is the landmark public space for that proper district, ending with a pier on the beach. From the first district, ‘’South Marina’’ to the last one ‘’Foreign Village’’, we reorganized the landmark public spaces in order to give inhabitants a reference place in all the parts of the town, giving a new quality to a town which has no specific identity. Moreover it will be possible for them to come across the whole town arriving to the waterfront through a direct pedestrian path, crossing the huge green land, marked by a series of pavilions providing different public services. The connections are not limited at the urban scale, but they also come across the land: so with a system of pedestrian and bicycle path, it will be also possible to directly come to the upper town, crossing the land and all its viewpoints. Then, on the other hand for the upper town, even maintaining the same strategy of network, the main issue was quite different. The shrinkage of this town will continue to be an issue in the years to come. Therfore, our study explores how to promote an increase in the population density of Babolato. The aim is to give the opportunity to possible investors to come to Badolato and see its potential, in order to give it a new system of inhabitants therefore improving its economy. In view of this, we provided a diffused hotel sprawled throughout the town, using abandoned buildings and ruined ones. With an individualized design strategy for each, with the intention of preserving their rural identity. We also provided a network in which every accommodation unit is connected to the main road. Furthermore, a series of public spaces is designed to improve this connection system, giving new spatial qualities and functions to existing medieval places. Also in this context the topic of landmark buildings remains central, four existing buildings along the main road have been renewed to become part of a wholistic touristic system.

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8

INT RO DUCTI O N

FI ELD TRI P

ANALYSI S

C O NCEPT

P RO PO SAL

S UM M ARY

9

DAY ONE

10

11

DAY TWO

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13

DAY THREE

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15

DAY FOUR

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17

IMPRESSIONS

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19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

INT RO DUCTI O N

F I ELD TRI P

ANALY S I S

C O NCEPT

P RO PO SAL

S UM M ARY

27

SHIRINKING PHENOMENA

university

industries

university

The villagse, particularly in Calabria, were in danger of becoming extinct as residents disappeared to northern Italy, and abroad, for jobs during the economic boom.

Badolato is like many old places in Calabria, the toe of the Italian boot, that were built on hilltops when pirates were a real threat. Like the rest of the region, the town has an unemployment rate of more than 20 percent, twice the national average. The town has been largely abandoned -the population has fallen to 400, largely retired people, from almost 5,000 just after the war - as people emigrated to look for work or simply moved down 28

to the seaside, now safe, for a more convenient life.

escape from tyranny Bulgaria Romania

Turky

join their family

escape from war Morocco Afghanistan

Albania

find a job

The integration of refugees and asylum seekers has been perceived as a problem by many European States but many cities saw it as an opportunity to promote growth and innovation at social and economic level.

The community of Badolato, in particular, has been more than happy to welcome asylum seekers as saviours.

Mayor of Badolato believes that the government now understands the importance of immigrants in Italy and he is confident that soon they will be seen as essential to the economy - especially in the South.

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IMMIGRATION

IMMIGRANTS 6,3%

30

0-4

2015

5-9

10-14

2014

15-19

20-24

25-29

2013

30-34

35-39

2012

40-44

45-49

2011

50-54

55-59

60-64

2010

65-69

70-74

75-79

2009

80-84

2008

85-89

2007

90-94

2006

95-99

2005

100+

2004

2016

31

4,6% 3,6%

GAMBIA

4,6%

5,1%

7,7%

12,3%

PAKISTAN

ALBANIA

BULGARIA

AFGHANISTAN

TURKEY

14.4%

17.9%

MOROCCO ROMANIA

29.8%

OTHERS

4500

1000 BADOLATO

32

7.5 KM

RIACE

5.7 KM

CAULONIA

7.3 KM

GIOIOSA

4.3 KM

SIDERNO

SANTILARIO

5.3 KM

4.2 KM

DOUBLE TOWNS

9000+ INHABITANTS

3000 / 6000 INHABITANTS 1000 / 3000 INHABITANTS

KIND OF TOWN SPLITTED INTO TWO. WITH GENERALLY A HUGE DIFFERENCE IN DENSITY AND DEMOGRAPHY. IN MANY CASES THE SHRINKAGE OF POPULATION FROM A PARTTO AN OTHER GENERATES A PHEOMENON OF ABANDONMENT. AS IT HAPPENED FOR AFRICO

AFRICO

ARDORE

3.2 KM

CARAFFA

8.3 KM

33

CONNECTIVITY AND ECONOMIC ACTIVITY

34

Connectivity and Economic Activity Calabria is one of the least developed regions in Italy. The general connectivity, which is the road infrastructure (Left) in Southern part of Italy is comparable with the rest of places, due to the fact that most of the region is mountainous or hilly.

Also, the region’s economic development is still hindered by rugged terrain, frequent earthquakes, and poor communications, and there is very little industry of any importance. Thus, economic activity (Right) is significantly lower and only visible around the coast line which is mainly due to the coastal tourist destinations. As a result of these, Calabria has the cleanest air in Europe and many a natural paradise which are protected from the development.

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5000 4000

BADOLATO MARINA 3000 TIMELINE

BADOLATO

2000 1000

1901

1955

1850

1947

5000 4000 3000 2000 1000

1951 1800

1962 1901

BADOLATO MARINA 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000

1901

36

1955

2011

1955

1953

1960

1990

19901990 1955

2011 2011 2011

2011

37

20

BADOLATO OLD TOWN TIMELINE

BADOLATO BADOLATO

1850 1850 ,HISTORICAL CENTER AS IT WAS BEFORE THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE RAILWAY PATH

1947 1947 MAXIMUM DEMOGRAPHIC PEAK EVER REGISTERED

5000 5000

4000

4000

3000

3000

2000

2000

1000

1000

1800

1800

1901

190

NA BBAADDOOL LAAT TOO M M AA R IRNI A 5000 5000 4000 4000 3000 3000 2000 2000 1000 1000 38

1901

1901

1955

195

3

1960 1953

1990 1960

MOMENT IN WHICH POPULATION IN THE HISTORICAL CENTER IS EQUAL TO THE POPULATION IN THE MARINA. IT HAS ALSO BEEN REGISTERED A SMALL DECREASMENT OF INHABITED BUILDINGS.

1955

1955

1990 BADOLATO REACHES THE SHAPE AND THE DENSIT Y CHARACTETISTIC OF A GHOST TOWN.

2011

2011

2011

2011

39

BADOLATO OLD TOWN CHURCH TIMELINE

Chiesa di Santa Caterina d'Alessandria

Chiesa di Santa Maria della SanitĂ

Chiesa di Tutti i Santi, oggi S.S. Salvatore

1198

40

Monastero, oggi chiesa di San Domenico

Chiesa di San Nicola Vescovo

1218

Chiesa Prov

Chiesa di San Rocco

1239

1548

1566

15

Santissima vvidenza

598

Santa Maria degli Angeli

Chiesa dell'Immacolata Chiesa dell'Annunziata

1606

1654

Chiesa di Santa Maria in crignetto

Chiesa del Carmine

1686

1678

1728

Chiesa dei Ss. Angeli Custodi

1955

41

OLD TOWN BUILDING TYPOLOGIES

MARINA BUILDING TYPOLOGIES

42

old town row housing

old town appartment building

spontanious architecture

detached church

detached house

residential buildings with commercial part

danish village house

detached split dwellings

old town detached house

old town terraced building

old town residential commercial building

attached church

old town shed

farmhouse

detached appartment building

attached appartment building

industrial warehouse

office building

row housing

shed 43

BADOLATO OLD TOWN

CLUSTER PUBLIC SPACES

BADOLATO OLD TOWN CLUSTER_LPUBLIC SPACES

[Side Square] The buildings are set back from the street in a non uniform manner. This creates an informal and diverse public space alongside the main road.

[Central Square] The sqaure plays a role of entertaiment centre. It holds the main public facilities and people come from everywhere to engage in community life.

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[End Square] At the convegence of several roads the buildings radiate inwards to enclose a square.

BADOLATO OLD TOWN

CLUSTER CHURCHES AND PUBLIC SPACES

[Builing Typology——Building Cluster——Churchs&Public space]

BADOLATO OLD TOWN

CLUSTER_CHURCHES AND PUBLIC SPACES

[End Piazza] The church sits at the end of a main street with a piazza in front forming a public gathering space.

[Side Piazza] Due to the tight clustering of buildings within this area there isn’t enough room for a piazza at the entrance to the church, So it is situated on the church side

[Joint Piazza] The piazza in front of this church is succesfull as a public space as it allows the convergence of several roads.

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BADOLATO OLD TOWN

CLUSTER GROUP RESIDENCE

BADOLATO OLD TOWN CLUSTER_GROUP RESIDENCE

[Encolsed] The informal development of Badolato lead to clusters of buildings being fully surrounded by other buildings and closed off from the main street.

[Cluster] There is a phenomenon of several houses forming an isolated cluster which does not follow the urban texture.

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BADOLATO OLD TOWN

CLUSTER LINEAR RESIDENCE

BADOLATO OLD TOWN CLUSTER_LINEAR RESIDENCE

[Equiavlant Altitude] The houses are built along the street at a simmilar altitude and street setback.

Forming a linear streetscape

[Varied Altitude] Due to the steep slope of the landscape rows of buildings are built at different altitudes forming terraces

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BADOLATO MARINA

CLUSTER PUBLIC SPACES

48

Central square Interstitial space

Minor square Street junction

Side piazza Enbankment

Minor piazza

End piazza

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OVERALLANALYSIS ANALYSIS FIRST

50

51

52

FIRST ANALYSIS

53

Existing situation

EXISTING SITUATION PUBLIC SPACES SETTLEMENT

VIEW POINT SYSTEM

LOW DENSITY

LANDMARK BUILDINGS

RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

ABANDONED BUILDINGS

FARMS SETTLEMENT

MEDIEVAL TOWN

2.2

2.7

2.1

2.4 1.4

1.1

2.4 2.2

1.1

2.7 1.2

54

2.6

1.2

1.5

1.3 2.1

2.5

1.6

1.7 2.3

1.3

2.5

1.4

2.3

2.5

2.6 2.1

2.7 2.3

2.8

2.2 2.4

55

EXISTING SITUATION 1.1

1.2 2.7

2.6 1.2 1.5 1.3 2.1

1.4 2.1 2.2 2.4

2.5 1.6 2.3

1.7

2.7

1.1 2.4 2.2

1.3

2.5 1.4

2.3

2.3

2.8 2.1

56

2.4 2.2

2.7

2.6

2.5

O_1.1

O_1.2

O_1.3

O_1.4

O_1.5

O_2.1

O_2.2

O_2.3

O_2.4

O_2.5

F_1.1

F_1.2

O_2.6

F_1.3

O_1.6

O_1.7

O_2.7

O_2.8

F_1.4

F_2.1

F_2.2

F_2.3

F_2.4

F_2.5

F_2.6

F_2.7

F_2.8

M_1.1

M_1.2

M_1.3

M_1.4

M_1.5

M_1.6

M_1.7

M_1.8

M_2.1

M_2.2

M_2.3

M_2.4

M_2.5

M_2.6

M_2.7

M_2.8

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58

INT RO DUCTI O N

F I ELD TRI P

ANALYSI S

C ONC EP T

P RO PO SAL

S UM M ARY

59

MUNICIPAL RESTAURANTS RESIDENTIAL

SHOPS

ATTRACTIONS

SERVICES

TYPOLOGIES DOUBLE TOWNS TEMPORARY HOUSES

MARKET FUNCTIONS COMMERCIAL COMMUNITY CENTER

IMPROVE LIFE QUALITY

CHURCHES

ATTRACTIVITY

HERITAGE ACCESSIBILITY OPEN COURTYARD

CAR ACCESS

HOVEN

BATHROOMS

OVERLAPPING MEDIEVAL TOWN CONCRETE SQUARES

NEW IDENTITY PUBLIC SPACES

MATERIALS

OLD IMAGE OF THE CITY

SUSTAINABILITY

ENERGY RESOUCES

ENHANCE

PRESERVATION NARROW STREETS

HOUSE QUALITYREFUGEES

TOURISTS COMMUNITY LOCAL INHABITANTS

NEW INHABITANTS

SYSTEM OF LANDMARK

NETWORK OF PUBLIC SPACES

ABANDONED FARMS SETTLEMNTS POINTS OF VIEW

DOUBLE TOWNS ACCESSIBILITY

OVERLAPPING

DENSIFICATION NEW IDENTITY CONNECTION FACILITIES ACCESSIBILITY

SYSTEM OF LANDMARK

INFRASTRUCTURE STATION

CITY OVER RAILWAY SUPPORTING

ENERGY RESOUCES

SUSTAINABILITY CITYIMPROVE LIFE QUALITY

COMMUNITY ILLEGAL BUILDINGS PUBLIC SPACES MATERIALS HOUSE QUALITYTYPOLOGIES PATHS ALONG THE WATERFRONT SQUARE TEMPORARY HOUSES ABANDONED OPEN SPACES OPEN COURTYARD COMMERCIAL TOURISTS LOCAL INHABITANTS

SHOPS

RESIDENTIAL

60

NARROW STREETS

BUILDING CONDITIONS

ABANDONED

LACK OF MAINTAINANCE

RUINS

61

62

NETWORKING TWIN TOWNS

63

64

65

66

67

68

INT RO DUCTI O N

F I ELD TRI P

ANALYSI S

C O NCEPT

P ROP OS AL

S UM M ARY

69

70

+0 m 0m

500 m

1 km

1.5 km

2 km

2.5 k

km

STRATEGICAL POINTS: PIER

71

3 km

3.5 km

4 km

4.5 km

5 km

+4 m

72

0m

500 m

1 km

1.5 km

2 km

2.5 k

km

STRATEGICAL POINTS: SHADOW AREAS

73

3 km

3.5 km

4 km

4.5 km

5 km

+10 m

74

0m

500 m

1 km

1.5 km

2 km

2.5 k

km

STRATEGICAL POINTS: LINKAGE

75

3 km

3.5 km

4 km

4.5 km

5 km

76

0m

500 m

1 km

1.5 km

2 km

2.5 k

km

STRATEGICAL POINTS: VIEW POINTS

+139 m 77

3 km

3.5 km

4 km

4.5 km

5 km

78

0m

500 m

1 km

1.5 km

2 km

2.5 k

km

STRATEGICAL POINTS: VIEW POINTS

+175 m

79

3 km

3.5 km

4 km

4.5 km

5 km

80

0m

500 m

1 km

1.5 km

2 km

2.5 k

km

STRATEGICAL POINTS: VIEW POINTS

+223 m

81

3 km

3.5 km

4 km

4.5 km

5 km

82

0m

500 m

1 km

1.5 km

2 km

2.5 k

km

STRATEGICAL POINTS: VIEW POINTS

+254 m

83

3 km

3.5 km

4 km

4.5 km

5 km

84

0m

500 m

1 km

1.5 km

2 km

2.5 k

km

STRATEGICAL POINTS: VEGETABLE GARDEN

+257 m

85

3 km

3.5 km

4 km

4.5 km

5 km

86

0m

500 m

1 km

1.5 km

2 km

2.5 k

km

STRATEGICAL POINTS: ACCOMODATION

+263 m

87

3 km

3.5 km

4 km

4.5 km

5 km

88

0m

500 m

1 km

1.5 km

2 km

2.5 k

km

STRATEGICAL POINTS: KEY BUILDINGS

+273 m

89

3 km

3.5 km

4 km

4.5 km

5 km

90

MASTERPLAN MARINA

91

92

93

94

STRIP

LONGITUDINAL SECTION

95

96

STRIP

LONGITUDINAL SECTION

97

98

STRIP

TRANSVERSAL SECTION

99

100

LINKAGE

LINKAGE

101

102

SHADOWED AREAS

SHADOWED AREAS

103

104

PIER

PIERS

105

106

LINKAGE

107

108

SHADOWED AREAS

109

110

PIER

111

112

113

114

VIEW POINTS

LANDSCAPE SECTIONS

115

+46 m

116

0m

500 m

1 km

1.5 km

2 km

2.5 k

km

117

3 km

3.5 km

4 km

4.5 km

5 km

118

0m

500 m

1 km

1.5 km

2 km

2.5 k

km

+200 m

119

3 km

3.5 km

4 km

4.5 km

5 km

120

0m

500 m

1 km

1.5 km

2 km

2.5 k

km

+321 m

121

3 km

3.5 km

4 km

4.5 km

5 km

122

123

124

125

1%

A

A

B

B

PLAN OF THE RENEWED PATH 126

1%

C

C

PLAN OF THE RENEWED PATH 127

128

BADOLATO SUPERIOR PATH

129

130

BADOLATO SUPERIOR VEGETABLE GARDEN

131

132

133

134

135

136

137

138

139

140

INT RO DUCTI O N

F I ELD TRI P

ANALYSI S

C O NCEPT

P RO PO SAL

SUM M ARY

141

142

143

144

145

146

147

148

149