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Biology Unit 1 Study Guide This study guide is meant to help you prepare for the unit exam. It is due the day of the exam and worth 5% extra credit on the exam. Good luck!
Chaprter 1 1. What is the difference between an observation and an inference? Give an example
2. How does a hypothesis become a theory?
3. What are the characteristics of a hypothesis?
4. What is a control? If you were designing an experiment testing out pimple cream, what would be your control?
5. List the 6 steps of the scientific method in order
6. List the 8 characteristics of life.
7. Why are viruses NOT considered living?
Chapter 2 1. Draw a picture of an atom, ;labeling the nucleus, protons, neutrons and electrons and give the charge of each particle
2. Describe why the water molecule is described as ‘polar’
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3. Hydrogen bonding results in unique properties like adhesion and cohesion. Define and give an example of each a. Adhesion b. Cohesion
4. Describe the difference in pH of an acid and a base and give an example of each.
5. What is the pH of water?
6. What is a macromolecule?
7. What are carbohydrates made of?
8. What type of energy do carbohydrates give?
9. What are lipids made of? a. Give an example of a saturated fat b. Give an example of a unsaturated fat c. List 2 ways unsaturated fats differ from saturated fats 10. Give 3 functions of proteins
11. What is an enzyme and what do they do in living things? Be specific!!
12. List 3 things that can result in the denaturation of an enzyme Chapter 7 1. Describe the difference between a eukaryotic cell and prokaryotic cell
2. Give an example of a prokaryotic cell
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3. What is the function of the nucleus?
4. What is the function of the ribosomes?
5. What is the function of the Golgi Apparatus?
6. What is the function of the rough AND smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum?
7. What is the function of the mitochondrion?
8. What is the function of the chloroplast? Which cells contain chloroplasts?
9. Draw the structure of the cell membrane, labeling the phospholipids(with polar heads and fatty acid tails), transport proteins, peripheral proteins
10. Describe what would happen to a cell placed in each of the following solutions a. Isotonic b. Hypotonic c. Hypertonic 11. Describe the difference between passive and active transport.
12. Give a brief definition and parts involved with each type of transport a. Simple diffusion b. Facilitated diffusion c. Osmosis d. Protein Pumps e. Endocytosis f.
Exocytosis
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Chapter 8 1. Describe and give an example of a. Autotroph b. Heterotroph 2. What does the molecule ATP stand for? 3. Where is the energy stored in the molecule ATP? 4. Which organelle is responsible for regulating the ATP to ADP? 5. What is the equation for photosynthesis? 6. Where in the chloroplast does photosynthesis happen? 7. In general, what does the Calvin Cycle do and where does it happen? Chapter 9
1. What is glycolysis and where does it happen?
2. Write the equation for cellular respiration
3. Where does cellular respiration happen in the cell?
4. What is fermentation?
5. Describe the 2 ways cells can do fermentation and give an example of each in your daily life 6. Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport Chain create the MOST ATP. Where do these two processes happen in the cell?