HEALTH s s e n t i &F Cold weather workout gear
P. 8-9
New ‘robot’ helps prevent infection
P. 4
October
CODY ENTERPRISE PUBLICATION codyenterprise.com
“Hi, I’m Andrea Townsley. Two years ago I was in a car accident and I badly injured the tendon in my knee. I was hit by a semi-truck and my knee got pinched in the wreckage. Following the accident I had three surgeries on my knee in Billings. Over time my knee continued to give out and I kept falling. The physician said there wasn’t any more he could do. Last year I slipped and fell in my kitchen because of my knee and I injured the rotator cuff in my shoulder. After this incident I saw Dr. Jarvis. He determined that I had cartilage damage in my shoulder. He did my shoulder surgery first and I finished with physical therapy fast. Next he did surgery on my knee and reconstructed it. I couldn’t walk up steps before, and now I’m walking up steps again. I’m working again. I do bowling league and I’m bowling again, which is awesome, because I love to bowl. My knee feels almost exactly like it did before my car accident. I’ve been on and off crutches for the last two years and I’m so happy to not need them anymore. Dr. Jarvis was great! He cared, he listened to me and understood and assured me he could fix my shoulder and my knee. I will not go to anyone else. I’m 99% better and I enjoy working again and playing with my kids. I feel so much better. When my son, Eric, broke his arm, I took him right to Dr. Jarvis.”
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Health and Fitness – October 28, 2014– Page 3
FITNESS FOR BEGINNERS
PG. 12-13
Members of the womens beginner CrossFit class include (from left) Connie Briggs, Karen Leisy, Deanna Schuebel, instructor Amy Kincheloe, Glenda Folker, Merlene Johnson, Deb Simpson, Maria Dupertuis, Bonnie Imburgia.
ON THE COVER: Kirsten Allphin runs near her house in clothes designed for cooler weather.
index ■ Robotic machine cleans air......................... 4 ■ Vitamins quiz............... 6 ■ Cold weather workout clothes...........8-9
Health and Fitness is a quarterly supplement to the Cody Enterprise.
Cody Enterprise 3101 Big Horn Ave., P.O. Box 1090, Cody, WY 82414 (307) 587-2231 FAX 587-5208 codyenterprise.com
■ NAMI training............ 10 ■ CrossFit class......12-13 ■ Age-related hearing loss.................. 14 ■ Quiz answers............ 15
Special sections editor
Amber Peabody
Production
Jeff Carter Cassie Capellen John Sides
Advertising
John Malmberg Donna Merkel Megan McCormick Mike Voss Sara Felsheim
Photography
Raymond Hillegas
Page 4 – Health and Fitness – October 28, 2014
Darla Bruce, environmental services supervisor at West Park Hospital, and Bioquell engineer Sean Seege demonstrate the operation of the Bioquell Q-10, which helps eliminate pathogens in the hospital environment through the use of hydrogen peroxide vapor technology.
Robotic machine helps prevent infections By GREG ELLISON Staff writer West Park Hospital is ahead of the curve in preventing health careacquired infections. It recently purchased a robotic machine to decontaminate hospital rooms. About 75,000 people are killed annually by health care-acquired infections (HIA), according to the CDC. The Bioquell Q-10 is a hydrogen peroxide vapor distribution unit that eradicates bacteria, viruses and fungi. Bioquell marketing coordinator Jason Merrill says the Q-10 is a preventative control measure. “It sends peroxide through every nook and cranny in the room,” he adds. “The average time is 60-90 minutes.”
Ed Striefsky, Bioquell director of operations, said room turnover is an issue for some hospitals. “Are you willing to keep the room empty for 90 minutes?” he asked. With the ongoing Ebola epidemic in West Africa, and reported cases in the U.S., there is heightened concern about hospital cleanliness. “It’s used when a person (in the room) has had an infectious disease,” Merrill said. “Or if the next patient has lowered immunity. “It’s also used throughout the hospital as needed.” The technology has existed since the 1970s but has been refined in recent years, Striefsky said. “It’s more sophisticated today,” he said. “Earlier models required more precise data but these units are push button.” More than 50 hospitals own
Bioquell units. “It’s used in more than 4,000 rooms at Johns Hopkins Hospital,” Merrill added. It comes down to “added value,” Striefsky says. “Hospitals have saved money with insurance companies by using our units,” he said. “It’s shown to lower incidents of HIA.” Hydrogen peroxide vapor – HPV – surface sterilization ensures total elimination of pathogens. Other Bioquell products are used for larger areas, Merrill said. “The Q-10 is a variation of the technology that’s more hospitalfriendly,” he added. The five-stage process begins with the “gassing phase” in which HPV is injected into a sealed room. In stage two the hydrogen peroxide saturates the air and
condenses on room surfaces. The HPV in the air begins to plateau during the third stage. The target is a surface microcondensation range of 2-6 microns. The fourth stage begins when optimal levels have been achieved. During the “dwell phase” no more HPV is injected into the room but allowing the existing high levels inactivates any microorganisms. The last stage is an “aeration phase” in which catalytic filters are used to remove the HPV. Merrill said WPH has joined a short, but growing, list of “forwardthinking hospitals. “It’s a progressive step to be proactive like this,” he said. (Greg Ellison can be reached at greg@codyenterprise.com.)
Health and Fitness – October 28, 2014– Page 5
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From the repeated pounding that athletes’ feet receive on paved surfaces theseen repeated athletes’ feet weights receive on to the side-to-sideFrom motion in courtpounding sports, orthat the rigors of free paved no surfaces to the seen are in court and cross fit, there’s question thatside-to-side athletes’ feetmotion and ankles primesports, the rigors of freeyou weights and cross fit, there’s no question that candidates fororinjuries. Whether participate in sports regularly or are just athletes’ feet and ankles are prime candidates for injuries. Whether a “weekend warrior,” be on the lookoutregularly for someorofarethese problems: you participate in sports just common a “weekend warrior,”
We Treat . . .
be on the lookout for some of these common problems: Ankle Sprains: These are one of the most common sports injuries. Sprains: These areand oneankle of thesurgeon most common sports Prompt evaluationAnkle and treatment by a foot is important... injuries. Prompt an evaluation and treatment by a foot and two ankle sometimes a sprain is actually ankle fracture and treatment for these surgeon is important... sometimes a sprain is actually an ankle conditions arefracture very different. Rehab isforvery important, as an ankle thatdifferent. has and treatment these two conditions are very not been properly healed and strengthened morethat likely suffer repeated Rehab is very important, as anisankle hastonot been properly andtostrengthened more likely to suffer repeated sprains, sprains, whichhealed may lead chronic ankleisinstability. which may lead to chronic ankle instability.
Achilles Tendon Disorders: Athletes are at high risk for developing Achilles Tendon Disorders: Athletes are at high risk for disorders of thedeveloping achilles tendon. Achilles tendonitis, an inflammation of disorders of the achilles tendon. Achilles tendonitis, the tendon thatanruns down the back oftendon the lower leg,runs candown progress inflammation of the that theinto backa of the can progress theof tendon as well degeneration lower of the leg, tendon as well asinto paina degeneration at the insertionofsite the tendon insertion site ofofthe tendon atactivity, the back of theto heel. at the back of as thepain heel.at Athesudden increase a repetitive leading sudden increase ofcan a repetitive activity, leading to micro-injury micro-injury ofAofthe tendon fibers, cause these conditions. the tendon fibers, can cause these conditions.
Athletes’ Ankles & Feet!
Heel Pain: This is condition most ofteniscaused by plantar Heelcondition Pain: This most often causedfasciitis, by plantar fasalthough it may alsoalthough be due to otheralso causes including fractures. Plantar ciitis, it may be due to otherstress causes including stress fractures. fasciitis may a sudden increase in fasciitis may begin fromPlantar a sudden increase inbegin activity,from weight gain, new activity, weight gain,shoes new flooring from flooring surfaces or from wearing that aresurfaces worn outoror notwearing designedshoes for that are worn out or not designed for the sport in which you’re the sport in which you’re participating. Proper treatment and therapy will help participating. Proper treatment and therapy will help eliminate eliminate or decrease the pain muchmuch quicker thanthan without. or decrease the pain quicker without. Morton’sThis Neuroma: This is aofthickening tissue in Morton’s Neuroma: is a thickening nerve tissueofinnerve the ball the ball of the foot resulting from compressions irritation of the foot resulting from compressions and irritation of the nerve.and Causes of the nerve. Causes include activities that involve repetitive include activities that involve to the ball of the foot, such as irritation to therepetitive ball of theirritation foot, such as running or court sports running or court sports or improper gear. Symptoms start gradually and or improper shoe gear.shoe Symptoms start gradually and may come when nerve is irritated due activity. importanttoto may come andand go go when thethe nerve is irritated due totoactivity. It’sIt’simportant early before the damage becomes have it treatedhave earlyit treated on before theondamage becomes more severe.more severe. Some injuries may require conservative treatment as others
Some injuries require conservative treatmentany as pain othersormay requireof may may require surgery. If you experience discomfort surgery. If youthe experience any pain or discomfort of the foot or ankle schedule foot or ankle schedule an appointment with us at Big Horn Dr. D. Hugh Fraser - D.P.M. an appointment withClinic us atfor BiganHorn Foot Clinic an evaluation andcurrently Physician and Surgeon of the Foot. Foot evaluation andfortreatment. We are patientsseeing in Cody, Powell, 38 Years Experience. Board Certified. treatment. Weseeing are currently patients in and Cody,Lovell. Powell, and Lovell.
Dr. Lael Beachler - D.P.M.
Physician and Surgeon of the Foot/Ankle. Foot/Ankle Trauma Trained. Board Eligible.
424 Yellowstone Avenue,Hospital Suite 140 • Cathcart Health Center • Cody, WY 777 Avenue H • Powell • Powell, Wyoming (527-9191) • Powell(1-888-950-9191) (754-9191) Powell (754-9191) • CodyCody (527-9191) • Toll-Free
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Page 6 – Health and Fitness – October 28, 2014
quiz | vit ami n s
Vitamin Quiz: The ABC’s of Vitamins 1. The word vitamin comes from: A. Vitaly Minkov, the Russian researcher who first discovered vitamins B. “Vital” and “amines” C. Vitumamine, the first vitamin to be discovered 2. Taking vitamin C can ward off a cold. A. True B. False 3. What vitamins or minerals may help reduce the risk of agerelated vision loss? A. Zeaxanthin and lutein from fruits and vegetables B. Zinc C. Vitamins C and E D. All of the above 4. Taking vitamin B12 gives you more energy. A. True B. False 5. Which vitamins and minerals help maintain strong bones? A. Calcium and vitamin D B. Vitamin K C. Magnesium and potassium D. All of the above 6. What’s the difference between vitamins and minerals? A. Our bodies make vitamins, but not minerals. B. Vitamins come from plants or animals; minerals from the earth. C. Vitamins supply energy; minerals are used to make new cells. 7. Most experts agree that taking a multivitamin is a good way to make sure you get enough nutrients. A. True B. False 8. Your doctors may recommend taking a vitamin or mineral supplement if you: A. Are pregnant or breastfeeding B. Are vegan – you eat no
animal products C. Take certain medications D. All of the above 9. Since vitamins and minerals are found in foods, they are safe even at high doses. A. True B. False 10. Thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine, and cobalamin belong to which vitamin group? A. A B. B C. C D. E 11. Vitamin D is sometimes called the sunshine vitamin because: A. It helps protect skin against
sun damage. B. Your skin makes vitamin D when exposed to sunlight. C. Vitamin D is found mostly in tropical fruits like oranges, lemons, and other citrus fruit. 12. Which mineral can help you maintain healthy blood pressure? A. Potassium B. Magnesium C. Manganese D. All of the above 13. Antioxidant vitamin supplements have been proven to prevent cancer. A. True B. False
14. Which food is an excellent source of vitamin C? A. Sweet red pepper B. Shrimp C. Liver D. All of the above 15. The color of your urine can show whether you’re getting enough vitamins. A. True B. False
See answers on page 15
Health and Fitness – October 28, 2014– Page 7
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COLD WEATHER workout gear
Page8 8– –Health Healthand andFitness Fitness–– October October 28, 28, 2014 Page
Being prepared, staying dry critical when exercising By SCOTT ALLEN Staff writer Cold temperatures affect daily activities and this is especially true for people who exercise outside. The elements can be harmful in some situations and people should be mindful of the weather. Kelly Bower, fitness coordinator at the Paul Stock Aquatic & Recreation Center, is a Cody resident who understands the dangers of cold weather. She says the most important thing in dealing with cold weather is to be prepared and stay dry. “Plan ahead, check the weather and dress appropriately,” Bower says. “Layering works great in the cold – think wick, warm and wind. Start with a close-fitting, synthetic material that wicks away moisture as your innermost layer, then wool/fleece and finally a lightweight layer that will block the wind.” Additional clothing should be worn depending on the temperature. “If it’s super cold, I recommend wearing a scarf/neck warmer loosely around the nose and mouth to help warm the air before it hits your
lungs,” she said. Bower adds that wicking fabric is much better than cotton. “Wicking material can help tremendously in cold weather because it helps pull moisture away from the body,” she said. “Damp clothing increases heat loss and cotton tends to stay wet against your skin – a good way to catch a chill.” In addition to wearing wicking material, Bower says people should keep their extremities covered with hats and gloves. “Your body will work hard to maintain your core temperature, so that means blood is shunted away from the extremities leaving them more vulnerable to cold,” she said. “Keep your head covered – you can lose about 50 percent of your body heat from an uncovered head once the temperature hits freezing.” Those with heart conditions and asthma should think twice before exercising in cold weather, Bower added. Also, wind chill is important when considering outdoor temperatures. “Frostbite on exposed skin can occur in 30 min-
utes or less when the temperature drops below 20 degrees,” she said. “And hypothermia can occur when your core temperature drops below 95 degrees.” Safety is important and those exercising outside should let someone know where they’re going and how long they expect to be out. Bower says to make sure to wear reflective or light color clothing when working out in low-light conditions. Also, make sure to drink plenty of fluids. “Remember to hydrate,” she said. “In cold weather, you might not feel like drinking water but you still need to make sure you are drinking fluids before, during and after your workout.” Clothes are important for outdoor exercise. Donna Inbody, a supervisor at Sierra Trading Post, says they offer all the necessary gear for working out in the cold, including wicking and reflective material. “It depends what you want,” Inbody adds. “We try to meet the needs of the individual. We have everything from cycling wear, to tank tops, to run-
Layering Tips
Healthand andFitness Fitness––October October28, 28,2014– 2014– Page Page 99 Health
To keep your core temperature consistent when you’re exercising outdoors in colder weather, you’ll want to layer your clothing. This will allow you to shed layers as needed to prevent overheating during aerobic activities. Layering typically involves three types of clothing: a lightweight base layer, an insulating mid-layer and a water-resistant outer layer. No matter which activity you’re participating in, your layers need to be versatile and efficient. It’s much easier to wear several lightweight items that can be removed as weather conditions or activity levels change.
Base layer
Look for garments made from lightweight, wicking fabrics like polyester or merino wool. Many base layers also have some amount of spandex added for flexibility.
Mid layer
Fleece vests and lightweight fleece pullovers are two good examples of insulating middle layers. Wearing a fleece vest or pullover will help maintain your body temperature by trapping warm air against your skin.
Outer layer
Your exterior layer should provide wind and moisture protection, without adding too much weight or bulk. Look for a water-resistant, breathable shell that is designed for activities like running or cycling. When more severe weather is a possibility, consider a seam-sealed, waterproof breathable shell.
Hats and gloves
You always need to pay attention to your head and extremities in cold conditions. Carry along a fleece or lightweight wool hat for winter workouts. Gloves are also a must-have item for cold weather exercise. For more information visit sierratradingpost.com. ning jackets and beyond.” In addition to Bower’s suggestions, Inbody says people should have an insulated bottle to help prevent water from freezing. “The last thing you want is frozen water,” she said. “That’s the worst.” For more information about exercising safely in cold weather, call Bower at the rec center, 587-0400. (Scott Allen can be reached at scott@codyenterprise.com.)
Kirsten Allphin models cold weather workout clothes.
Page 10 – Health and Fitness – October 28, 2014
Learning to handle mental illness diagnosis By TRAVIS SMOLA Staff writer Mental illness is still a taboo subject in many places, but Chel Beckler and Sara Murray are hoping to change that and help families in the process. “People don’t understand,” Beckler said. “Some are frightened by it.” They are volunteer instructors for the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) Family-to-Family education course in Cody. The course is a 12-week series of classes held each Wednesday night for families of people diagnosed with chronic mental illness. “It’s usually pretty stressful when diagnosed,” Beckler says. “We’re going to teach how to handle this.” The three main topics the course covers are schizophrenia, bipolar disorders and major depression. She says they also cover panic disorders, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), attention deficient disorder (ADHD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Beckler says the class provides a structured environment for people to meet others in similar circumstances. It also provides an environment in which they can share their experiences. They also can learn about different medications and coping skills. These skills may include dealing with crisis and relapse. Aspects of the course will review parts of the brain and how they are affected by mental illness. Other sections of the course discuss medications and listening and communication techniques. To build better understanding of the problems, each course builds on the previous one. For both Beckler and Murray, helping others is personal. Murray’s father had PTSD and her sister has an undiagnosed mental illness. Beckler’s granddaughter is bipolar and has ADHD. “My goal is for her to grow up in a stigma-free world,” Beckler said. Another major focus of the course is the root causes of these problems. “It’s biologically based,” Murray adds. She says many people don’t realize the causes of the problems. Murray says part of the problem is that mental problems are invisible from the outside. “You might see someone who looks perfectly normal with no
for participants. For many, the biggest help is in simply sharing their experiences. “It lets them have a chance to talk in the open,” Beckler said. For Glover, the class is just the beginning of a long process. “I have a battle to go through,” she said. “But so does he.” She says she’s thankful to have the course as a place to come for information. Murray says the third week is the last week newcomers may join the course. People interested in learning more may contact Beckler, 2505341. Murray says they hope to have additional winter and spring courses. She says NAMI offers a variety of different programs beyond the Family-to-Family program. For both of them, the course is all about educating people. They even have a saying for it. “You can’t know what nobody has told you,” Murray said. (Travis Smola can be reached at travis@codyenterprise.com.)
KalKowsKi ChiropraCtiC Center Sara Murray is a volunteer instructor for NAMI’s Family-to-Family education course. obvious troubles,” Murray said. She notes that many of these people may struggle to do the simplest things. “It’s a difficult thing to understand, even for people going through it,” Murray said. Jody Glover recently started coming to the classes. Her 20-yearold son was diagnosed with schizophrenia last year. “I have a crisis going,” Glover said. “That’s what prompted me to come and learn more about it.” For Glover, the illness has been a struggle. “It’s been a long year,” she adds. Glover says people with schizophrenia often don’t want to admit they have a problem. “They think they’re normal,” Glover said. “It’s a roller coaster and they spiral down fast.” That has been the case for her son and it’s not been easy on her.
“Your thought process is hindered,” Glover said. “He’s living in torment. It’s sad.” She says one of the biggest advantages of the program has been the support it offers. “Just to know you’re not alone is huge,” Glover said. She says her son has isolated himself as a result of the illness. Glover has learned from the course a big hurdle is getting the person to admit they have a problem. “They can get better if you can reach them,” Glover said. Beckler says many families have to deal with the denial of their family member. “Loved ones can’t always communicate what’s going on,” Beckler said. “This course helps them understand that.” She says they use group activities to make the course more engaging
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CROSSFIT: Keeps you moving
Merlene Johnson (left) talks to instructor Amy Kincheloe after her rowing machine workout.
Beginner class makes intense workouts seem ‘less scary’ By AMBER PEABODY Special sections editor With its intense workouts, there’s no doubt that CrossFit can be intimidating to outsiders. Acknowledging this, CrossFit Cody instructors created a class last fall geared toward women without much exercise experience. “Many people are scared of CrossFit and we wanted to open it up and show them it’s fun,” co-owner Mindy McFadden said. “In this class the goal is to be healthy and strong. They don’t want to become athletes, but to live and play.” The class includes women ages 42-69 and is a “gentle way to start,” instructor Amy Kincheloe says. “This class shows them they can do it and that CrossFit is not just
Class times The CrossFit women’s beginner class meets Monday, Thursday and Friday at 9:45 a.m. On Tuesday class begins at 10:45 a.m. and on Wednesday at 8:15 a.m.
for elite athletes,” she adds. “Other groups here may be more intense, but the workouts aren’t any harder.” Merlene Johnson, 58, came to her first class in January with her friend Deanna Schuebel, 55. “I hadn’t done anything exercisewise, but I decided to give it a try,” Johnson said. “It took all our courage the first time just to walk in.” Her fears were quickly dispelled, though, and she began attending three days each week. It didn’t take
long for her to notice a difference in her body. “I came in with sore knees and shoulders and that’s all gone away,” Johnson said. But her biggest challenge came in May when she was diagnosed with early stage breast cancer. She underwent chemotherapy and radiation, all while continuing to attend CrossFit at least once a week. “I couldn’t believe the difference it made,” she said. “It kept my spirits up and kept me active. “There’s just no comparing my life now to when I started.” Schuebel’s son Kolter, who is a CrossFit trainer, encouraged her to try it. Since starting in January she’s lost 20 pounds without changing her eating habits. “It’s made all the difference, not
only for my body, but my mind, too. I’ve never done sports or any sort of exercise and I can’t believe how much better I feel.” She still gets intimidated by some of the exercises, but that doesn’t keep her from trying. “When we had to do power cleans I thought, ‘No way can I do that,’” she said. “Then the coach talks you through and you do it. It’s empowering.” She also enjoys the encouragement of the other women. “All the other ladies have been awesome,” she added. “There’s a family feel and I love it.” Lesa Muckley, 47, has been attending the class for four months. She spends much of her day working with heavy granite, which has led to pain in her back.
Health and Fitness – October 28, 2014– Page 13
Sharing your fight in recovery
Deanna Schuebel pulls a weighted sled during a recent class.
I couldn’t believe the difference it made. It kept my spirits up and kept me active. There’s just no comparing my life now to when I started. Merlene Johnson Begining Crossfit class
“The class helps with mobility and strength,” she said. “I haven’t been to the chiropractor in four months.” Other changes include a better overall fitness level. “Before, when I tried to run I couldn’t even make it to my mailbox and back, and now I can go much farther than that,” she said. She enjoys seeing the progress she’s made since the beginning, as the women keep track of each workout. The class meets five days a week and focuses on functional movement used in everyday life.
If you’ve ever picked up a bag to put it in an overhead bin on a plane, you’ve basically done a power clean. And picking up a heavy grocery bag or bag of dog food is a similar motion to a dead lift. “The things we do ensure their ability to do everyday tasks,” Kincheloe said. And because the movements are geared toward daily life, participants should not feel like they are confined to the gym. “It’s CrossFit for life, not CrossFit for the gym,” Kincheloe adds. “People are capable of doing so many different things now and no longer are intimidated.”
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Page 14 – Health and Fitness – October 28, 2014
Age-related hearing loss leads to other issues mortality from all-cause (annual number of deaths in a given age group per the population of that age group) and cardiovascular disease among older people. All 4,926 study participants were from Iceland and 67 or older. Participants were placed in one of three categories: visiononly impairment (VI), hearing-only impairment (HI), and dual sensory impaired (DSI). They were followed for up to seven years. Significant increased mortality from all-cause and cardiovascular disease was observed for the HI and DSI, especially among men. Individuals with HI remained at a higher risk for death from cardiovascular disease. “Each study cited stands on its own as a contribution to our understanding of the relationship between AHL and other common chronic conditions associated with the aging process,” Lohman said. “All individuals older than age 50 should have a baseline hearing screening, and patients with a history of depression, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and dementia should have their hearing screened annually.” For more information call the Cody Hearing Aid Center, 586-7274.
One in three people older than 60 experiences some type of age-related hearing loss (AHL). According to the American Academy of Audiology, AHL occurs gradually. Various changes in the inner ear can cause the condition, but it also can be caused by other issues including diabetes, poor circulation, exposure to loud noises, use of certain medications, family history of hearing loss, and smoking. Several recent hearing loss studies show AHL affects more than just basic communication skills. It also contributes to the acceleration of cognitive and physical decline in adults. “These five studies provide a high level of evidence demonstrating broader functional implications of AHL on cognitive function, depression, social isolation, cortical changes in the brain and even death,” said Margaret Lohman of the Cody Hearing Aid Center.
Hearing loss and cognitive decline in older adults
In a study published in “JAMA Internal Medicine,” 1,984 adults ages 70-79 were followed for up to 12 years to evaluate whether hearing loss is independently associated with accelerated cognitive decline. Using the Digit Symbol Substitution (DSS) test and the 3MS – two standardized tests of cognitive function in adults – it was determined 1,162 individuals with baseline hearing loss had a 32 percent poorer score on the DSS and a 41 percent worse score on the 3MS compared to those with normal hearing. Individuals with hearing loss had a 24 percent increased risk for cognitive impairment than those with normal hearing. It was concluded hearing loss is independently associated with accelerated cognitive decline and incident cognitive impairment in older adults.
Hearing impairment associated with depression in U.S. adults
The study published in “Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery” estimated the prevalence of depression among adults with hearing loss. The prevalence of depression among 18,318 participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was examined. Depression increased as hearing loss became worse, except among those self-reported as deaf. Among individuals older than 70, no significant association between self-
uld Be Your This Co
HAPPY FACE! People older than 50 should get a baseline hearing screening. reported hearing loss and depression was found. Adults younger than 70, particularly women, had a significant association between moderate hearing loss and depression.
Association between hearing loss and social isolation in older adults
The objective of this study published in “Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery” was to determine if age-related hearing loss is associated with social isolation, and whether factors such as age, gender and hearing aid use moderate this association. There were 1,453 participants in this study, all ages 60-84. Results indicated greater amounts of hearing loss were associated with increased odds of social isolation in women age 60-69. These women are more likely to alter their lifestyle due to hearing loss, thus they are more likely to become socially isolated. Other groups did not show a significant relationship between hearing loss and social isolation.
Association of hearing impairment with brain volume changes in older adults
Brain volume changes were monitored for a span of 6.4 years in 126 adults age 56-86 in a study published in “Neuroimage.” Using sophisticated brain volume measurement techniques, and after adjusting for cardiovascular and demographic factors, the researchers found that individuals with hearing loss had accelerated brain volume declines. These declines were primarily confined to the right temporal lobe. The finding of this study indicates peripheral hearing loss is independently associated with accelerated brain atrophy in whole brain and regional volumes concentrated in the right temporal lobe.
Hearing and vision impact on mortality in older people
The main objective of this study published in “Age and Aging” was to examine the relationship between hearing and vision impairments and
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Health and Fitness – October 28, 2014– Page 15
quiz answers | v i tami ns 1. Answer: B.
Vitamins are compounds that are vital to our health. They were first thought to be amino acids, the building blocks of protein. Today, we know that 13 vitamins are essential to human health. You can usually get all you need by eating a well-balanced diet. But some people, especially those on restrictive diets, may benefit from vitamin supplements.
2. Answer: B.
When researchers recently reviewed more than a decade’s worth of findings, they concluded that so-called mega-doses of vitamin C don’t prevent colds for most people. Some studies suggest vitamin C may help you get over the symptoms a little faster. But vitamin C doesn’t appear to lessen its intensity.
3. Answer: D.
Studies show that a variety of nutrients may help lower the risk of age-related macular degeneration, the leading cause of vision loss in people older than 65. Eating a diet loaded with fruits and vegetables should give you all you need. But if you are at increased risk of age-related macular degeneration, your doctor may recommend a supplement as well as lifestyle changes.
9. Answer: B.
Many vitamins and minerals can be toxic if you take too much. Excess vitamin A can cause nausea, vomiting, and liver damage, for example. Too much vitamin D can cause weakness, heart rhythm problems, and confusion. Because the body stores fatsoluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) and iron, consuming too much can cause levels to build up in organs and tissues, causing liver or kidney damage.
10. Answer: B.
These are all different forms of B vitamins. B vitamins do many things in your body, including helping change food into energy. Whole grains, beans, nuts, meat, eggs and fish are good sources of many different forms of B vitamins. Vitamin B12, on the other hand, is found almost exclusively in foods from animal sources.
11. Answer: B.
People with dark skin may be more likely to have low vitamin D levels. Older people may also be deficient, because your skin gets less efficient at converting sunlight to vitamin D as you age. If you stay out of the sun because of sensitive skin or the risk of skin cancer, you may also need extra D.
4. Answer: B.
12. Answer: A.
5. Answer: D.
13. Answer: B.
A lack of B12 can cause anemia, but the symptoms of B12 deficiency are not typically related to feeling weak and tired. Symptoms do include memory loss, disorientation, and tingling of your arms and legs. But there’s little evidence that taking B12 makes you a better athlete or gives you more energy. An adequate diet that includes meat, fish, or dairy products will give you all the B12 you need. Most people know that calcium and vitamin D are essential for healthy bones. New findings show that many other nutrients also are critical for bone health, including magnesium, potassium and vitamin K. It’s best to get these nutrients from food. But if you’re at increased risk of brittle bones and osteoporosis, your doctor may recommend taking a calcium and vitamin D supplement.
6. Answer: B.
Vitamins are essential for growth, digestion and nerve function. Minerals support cell structure and help build bones and regulate body processes. Vitamins are known by letters of the alphabet: A, B, C, D, E and K. Examples of minerals include calcium, which builds bone and helps blood clotting, and iron, which helps your blood carry oxygen.
This mineral helps keep your heart beating regularly, and one study found that taking potassium reduced systolic blood pressure (the top number). The recommended intake of potassium for teens and adults is 4,700 mg a day. Many foods contain potassium, so a deficiency is rarely caused by an inadequate diet. Potassium-rich foods include many fruits and vegetables, milk, meat and whole grains. Researchers continue to study whether some antioxidants may prevent the kind of genetic damage that can turn cells cancerous. But there is no evidence that taking antioxidant supplements will lower your cancer risk. If you’re being treated for cancer, talk to your doctor before taking any dietary supplements. Some research suggests that antioxidant supplements may interfere with some cancer-fighting medicines.
14. Answer: A.
Although citrus fruits are the best known source of vitamin C, many fruits and vegetables also contain abundant levels of C. Most adults need between 75 and 90 mg a day. Half a cup of sweet red pepper or a 6-ounce glass of orange juice provides that much and more.
7. Answer: B.
15. Answer: B.
8. Answer: D.
How’d you score?
Experts are deeply divided on multivitamins. Several recent studies have shown no benefits of taking multivitamins in a healthy person. Even people who have taken a daily multivitamin for years don’t appear to be healthier or to live longer. But other experts believe that taking a multivitamin can help fill in for what’s missing in many people’s diets. Experts do agree that the best source for vitamins and minerals is food, not pills. Pregnant and breastfeeding women often need a bigger variety of nutrients. Those on special diets, such as vegans, may not get all the vitamins they need from food. Others whose bodies may have trouble absorbing all the nutrients they need can include people: •With certain medical conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease. •Who have had some types of weight loss surgery. •Who take some medications for seizures and heartburn. •Who frequently use aspirin.
Some water soluble vitamins, including C and B vitamins, turn your urine a bright orange or even yellow-green if you take more than you need. That’s your kidneys getting rid of the excess levels of these vitamins. But most vitamins and minerals do not show up in the urine, and it can be dangerous to get too much of some nutrients.
0-5 – Not so good. Read more about vitamins and take the quiz again. 5-10 – Not bad, but you vitamin could be improved. 10-15 – Great work! You’re rich in vitamins. For more information go to webmd.com.
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Page 16 – Health and Fitness – October 28, 2014
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