COHRE Annual Report 2009 by The Centre on Housing Rights and Evictions (COHRE)

2009

COHRE Annual Report

Centre on Housing Rights and Evictions August 2010

COHRE Annual Report 2009

Executive Director’s Message The year 2009 was one of journey and transition for COHRE – but also great achievement, as this Annual Report demonstrates. In 2009, we also saw the struggle for housing rights and against forced evictions worldwide become even more central and urgent in the context of the current global economic crisis and the concurrent acceleration of urbanization. Throughout 2009, COHRE advocated in solidarity with the homeless, displaced, poor and marginalised for the basic human right to adequate housing. From Cambodia, Ghana and Brazil to Bulgaria, the Occupied Palestinian Territories and Sri Lanka, COHRE stood side-by-side with housing rights activists, working to create an environment in which the struggle for their housing rights could be more effective – and, we hope, eventually realised. We had some great successes – halting planned evictions, winning court decisions in favour of housing rights, and influencing international human rights bodies – and also some disappointments, such as when communities we have been working with for years in Cambodia were forcibly evicted overnight. Both our successes and disappointments throughout 2009 showed us that COHRE continues to have a pivotal role to play in achieving the changes necessary to realise the human right to housing for millions of people worldwide. Through our direct work on COHRE’s focus countries around the world and work on other countries through collaboration with activist networks, COHRE is able to address housing rights and evictions anywhere in the world – and draw attention to them through media work and advocacy work with UN bodies in Geneva. COHRE’s Global Survey of Forced Evictions was released in mid-2009 and presented 835 cases of forced evictions from Africa, Latin America, Asia and Europe. According to the data, a total of 4,312,161 people were affected by threatened and implemented forced evictions in 2007 and 2008.1 The work we did in 2009 was conducted in a challenging external environment – but was also conducted in the context of many internal changes COHRE initiated, designed to make our organisation more efficient and effective. Early in the year, COHRE completed an external evaluation financed by the Swedish International Development Agency (Sida), the Ford Foundation and the Finland Ministry of Foreign Affairs. This evaluation concluded that COHRE is “achieving its mission” and “is a recognized leader in the field of Economic, Social and Cultural rights in general and on the right to adequate housing and to water and sanitation in particular.” The external evaluators concluded that COHRE “is generally good at achieving results.”

To see the report, go to: http://www.cohre.org/store/attachments/Global%20Survey%2011.pdf 3

COHRE Annual Report 2009

We also organized our own internal organisational assessment, with the support of Cordaid, in March 2009 – which led to some important structural changes to the organisation. We followed these efforts with a week-long Strategic Planning exercise in June that produced our vision of the near future – and a roadmap to take us there. The structural and staffing changes that followed our internal assessments – especially in the areas of results-based management systems – will make an enormous difference to the efficiency of our work in the future, and our ability to report on results to our donors and other key stakeholders, most especially those whose housing rights we aim to promote and protect. All of our main management functions were consolidated at our International Secretariat in Geneva. We also decided to better integrate the work of our thematic programmes, such as that on Women and Housing Rights, into our regional programmes, thereby ensuring the mainstreaming of this important work, while maintaining some international thematic activities as global Initiatives. In 2009, a new senior staff position of Director of Finance was created, allowing us to better meet our own accounting and financial reporting requirements and those of our donor partners. An entirely new accounting system was developed and we are already reaping the benefits of the new system and the new budgeting processes and formats we adopted. By the end of the 2009, we were looking forward to a new cadre of senior and middle management joining COHRE, allowing us to achieve greater organisational coherence and integration. We were also preparing for the relocation of our Africa regional office from Accra, Ghana to Nairobi, Kenya, to better make use of the regional and international media, the large representation of Africa civil society organisation, and other key actors present there, including UN-HABITAT. We also continued to explore options for relocating COHRE’s operational base in Latin America (which resulted in a decision to move the regional office to Colombia during 2010). As you will see as you read this year’s Annual Report, 2009 was a very busy year for us. But that is only to be expected. Our work embodies the key questions of humanity’s future – particularly those crucial to the fate of the poor majorities in many countries and in all regions of the world. It is work that we could not have done without the continued, unwavering support of our donors and other supporters, for which we are very grateful. We pledge to continue the good work that we did in 2009 and, with the internal progress we have made, strive for new heights in the struggle to achieve housing rights for all.

Salih Booker COHRE Executive Director

COHRE Annual Report 2009

Asia Highlights In 2009, COHRE Asia implemented a wide range of public education and capacity-building activities on international and domestic concepts of housing, land and property (HLP) rights across the region. These activities targeted a total of 265 participants and 15 communities, including Burmese refugees in exile in Thailand, and comprised nine forums, trainings and trainings of trainers (ToTs). COHRE Asia also monitored housing rights violations throughout the region, and engaged in community mapping and ToTs on the use of COHRE training manuals. Participants in these activities included civil society activists, at-risk urban communities, legal aid lawyers, government representatives, academics, local NGOs and HLP rights NGO networks (please see Annex II for a comprehensive list of trainings). The COHRE Asia team authored and co-authored three interactive training guides and manuals: i) A Guide to Housing, Land and Property Rights in Burma2; ii) The Cambodian Community Guide to Defending Land and Housing Rights 3 and iii) A Community Mapping Training Manual.

Workshop at launch of COHRE housing rights guide in Cambodia, October 2009

The launch of these publications was followed by trainings and ToTs to ensure that they will be practical tools for awareness-raising and advocacy at the community level as well as create a powerful network of grassroots trainers across South East Asia.

In addition to the Cambodian Housing Rights Guide, in 2009 COHRE also released a one hour-long documentary, Cambodia for Sale: Stop Evictions.4 It describes the situation of more than 150,000 people living under the threat of eviction in Cambodia, including approximately 80,000 in the capital Phnom Penh. It tells the story of some of these communities through the eyes of the communities themselves and the Cambodian and international activists working to support them (for a complete list of publications and documentaries, please see Annex I). National advocacy efforts in the Asia region involved negotiation, litigation and legal aid on behalf of urban communities facing forced eviction by private sector developers and state authorities. 2

A Guide to Housing, Land and Property Rights in Burma(2009) can be accessed here: http://www.cohre.org/burma#i1265 3 The Cambodian Community Guide to Defending Land and Housing Rights(2009) can be accessed here: http://www.cohre.org/cambodianguide 4 To view the video, please go to: http://www.cohre.org/cambodianguide 5

COHRE Annual Report 2009

In May 2009 a protest letter linked to Papua New Guinea was sent to the authorities regarding the burning down of 300 homes by security forces in Ungima, Yokolama and Kulapi villages. The letter was published on the “Business and Human Rights” website along with a response from Barrik Gold—one of the developers responsible for the eviction5.

Capacity-building and training Four ToTs targeting a total of a 100 participants were conducted before and after the launch of the Cambodian Community Guide to Defending Land and Housing Rights, which took place in October 2009. The Guide, developed in collaboration with COHRE’s partners Bridges Across Borders South East Asia (BABSEA)6 and the International Accountability Project (IAP), is an easy-to-use, interactive training tool-box focused on the rights, risks and resistance strategies to stop forced evictions and displacement. The three-part manual was translated into Khmer and COHRE aims to adapt it to the realities and needs of other countries in the region. COHRE received feedback on the content of the manual from participants from Cambodian communities affected by forced evictions, such as the Indigenous Rights Active Members (IRAM) network and Community Peacebuilding Network (CPN). Participants represented 18 provinces from around Cambodia. They not only gained knowledge in international law but also improved their facilitation and teaching skills.

Former UN Special Rapporteur on Housing Miloon Kothari helps launch COHRE's Cambodian housing rights guide, October 2009

The launch of the Guide was inaugurated by Miloon Kothari, former UN Special Rapportuer on the Right to Adequate Housing, and attended by 25 activists and NGO staff from Cambodia, India,

Indonesia, East Timor, Laos, Burma and Vietnam. The participants appreciated the value of interacting with activists from across Asia who shared their experiences, strategies and perspectives. The objective is for the trained groups to disseminate the knowledge they’ve gained by conducting trainings in their regions with communities threatened with eviction. To date, the guide has been used by dozens of housing rights activists in the region. The Human Rights Task Force (HRTF)

5 6

http://www.business-humanrights.org/Documents/BarrickresponsePorgera BABSEA has recently changed its name to BABC: Bridges Across Borders CAMBODIA. 6

COHRE Annual Report 2009

As part of COHRE’s commitment to the capacity-building of local partners in the area of housing rights, COHRE Asia continued to support the institutional development of a leading Cambodian housing rights network – the Housing Rights Task Force (HRTF). The HRTF was established in early 2003 and brought together a diverse group of national NGOs united in their efforts to defend the housing rights of the urban poor in Phnom Penh. COHRE’s work with the HRTF included assistance with hiring senior staff; the establishment of a ‘mandate’, policies, and board of directors; and formal registration with the Ministry of Interior. The COHRE Asia team also assisted with programme developments that helped secure operational funding for the HRTF’s 2009 activities. Today, the HRTF is a stronger and more independent network that fills an important niche in the field of housing rights in coordination, networking, policy, advocacy and case work. The HRTF is the first point of contact for communities threatened with eviction. Its role is to establish the circumstances of an eviction case, assess the communities’ strengths and needs, and develop a strategy for eviction response that enlists the specific skill-sets of HRTF memberorganisations. Since its inception in 2003, the HRTF Secretariat has become the hub for eviction response work.

National advocacy

Testimony from activists attending the ToT of the Cambodian Community Guide to Defending Land and Housing Rights: “My main purpose when I go back is to develop my community….Most importantly, I will empower my community to know about land law” –A community facilitator from Cambodia

“In the next month we will educate people COHRE focused its national advocacy work in Cambodia on communities specifically targeted because of the acute nature of the land and housing rights violations they face and the size of the communities impacted – the Group 78, Reak Reay, Dey Krahorm and Boeung Kak communities. COHRE and local partner NGOs advised communities on negotiation strategies targeted at state authorities and other relevant stakeholders such as private sector companies, donors and the media. Group 78 In 2009 COHRE and local partners continued to work with the Group 78 community in an effort to prevent their forced eviction. COHRE successfully lobbied the Australian government, whose Embassy is adjacent to the Group 78 community, to intervene with the Cambodian government to express concern about the evictions.

in several villages in Indonesia, in urban areas where they are facing a lot of problems related to forest eviction. Through the Community Guide people will learn to create advocacy models.”—An Indonesian activist from the Semarang Legal Aid Institute “In these five days I’ve learnt about the process of registering land title and collecting related documents, including advocacy both locally and nationally.” –A female community facilitator from Cambodia

Nonetheless, on 16-17 July 2009, the Group 78 community was forcibly evicted by the Phnom Penh Municipality. Eventually, all families were coerced into dismantling their homes and were given some form of compensation (either cash or relocation). Although the eviction was not marked by the same level of violence as the Dey Krahorm eviction7, the threat of violence and presence of heavily armed military and police was used to coerce the Group 78 communities to leave and destroy their homes.

COHRE Press release, 29 January 2009, “Cambodia: COHRE condemns eviction of Dey Krahorm community in Phnom Penh”, http://www.cohre.org/deykrahorm-statement 7

COHRE Annual Report 2009

Advocacy by COHRE and its partners resulted in an increased level of compensation – from USD 500 to USD 8,000 – for most families. A small number of families were able to secure USD 20,000 through negotiation on the final day. Group 78 should have received title to their land under the multi-donor-funded project Land Management Administration Project (LMAP) scheme, which is designed to formalise informal settlements in Phnom Penh. The Group 78 experience was used as a case study to demonstrate that the LMAP was not being implemented in a manner that benefitted many urban poor communities, leading to the World Bank decision to take a critical look at the implementation of this project and pressure the government for compliance with protective requirements (see below). While Group 78 was ultimately evicted, this case demonstrates how advocacy with entities other than the government responsible for the housing rights violation, such as the Government of Australia, can be used to leverage power that affects target government behaviour. This case, along with the Dey Krahorm eviction, played a key role in increasing the World Bank’s accountability regarding the titling programme. The World Bank eventually issued a joint donor statement calling for a halt to forced evictions until a fair and transparent dispute resolution system and fair resettlement policy is put in place. Reak Reay In 2009 COHRE and its partners also worked to prevent or, at a minimum, reduce the negative impacts of the forced eviction of the Reak Reay community in Phnom Penh. A written protest to the developers of the high-end real estate project that prompted the forced eviction of Reak Reay resulted in a temporary halt of efforts to fill in the lake, around which the community is settled, with sand. COHRE was also able to assist the community to enter into negotiations with the private entities responsible for the threatened forced eviction. This advocacy resulted in community members being offered USD 20,000 per family for relocation (substantially more than Group 78 received in most cases), but did not result in a halt to the eviction. One lesson learned was that, in the Cambodia context, advocacy targeting private corporations involved in evictions may prove more effective than advocacy only targeting the government. However, in the end, the mix of increased (but still inadequate) cash compensation, fear of violence, ongoing pressure by advancing construction work and ‘divide and conquer’ tactics by the company and government officials ensured that the community felt unable to stand together against the forced eviction, as households were gradually forced to leave the community.

International advocacy and litigation International advocacy activities for the Asia region in 2009 focused on Cambodia and Indonesia. Advocacy strategies included the submission of a ‘Shadow Report’ to the UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (CESR) on housing rights in Cambodia – researched and drafted by a coalition of NGOs – and a report on Cambodia to the UN Human Rights Council’s Universal Periodic Review (UPR) mechanism. In April 2009, at the request of COHRE, the UN Special Rapporteur on the Right to Adequate Housing intervened with the Cambodian government to protest the forced eviction of the Dey Krahorm community.

COHRE Annual Report 2009

COHRE’s UPR submission on housing rights in Cambodia focused heavily on the lack of security of tenure and prevalent forced evictions throughout the country. COHRE’s report was cited nine times in the Stakeholders’ Report to the Human Rights Council, delegates of which ultimately expressed concern about evictions after dubious land concessions, displacement far from previous homes and the lack of adequate compensation for evictees. The ‘Shadow Report’ on Cambodia to the CESCR focused on experiences of COHRE’s grassroots partners in the context of forced evictions. The concluding observations of the CESR included most of the recommendations put forward by COHRE and partners in the ‘Shadow Report’. The case of Group COHRE Executive Director Salih Booker visits Boeung Kak community, 78 was provided as evidence of housing rights Cambodia violations, resulting in the Committee adopting a concluding observation calling for “a moratorium on all evictions until the proper legal framework is in place and the process of land titling is completed" that also reference relevant international human rights norms.8 The Committee also expressly referenced the Group 78 case in supporting this conclusion. The Cambodian government eventually accepted all concluding observations, although it has not adhered to the request for a moratorium. COHRE, key NGO partners (the HRFT and BABSEA) and community representatives (Dey Krahorm, CPN and IRAM) also attended the session of the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (CESCR) in Geneva in May 2009, when Cambodia was reviewed. The presence of community members proved successful in mobilizing support around the Committee’s concluding observations. Unfortunately, the Cambodian government did not send a delegation for the session. However, the results of the ‘Shadow Report’ on Cambodia were used by COHRE’s grassroots and community-based partners to successfully pressure the Cambodian government to issue a moratorium on evictions, although in practice this policy is still being violated. On the third anniversary of the Sidoarjo Mudflow in Indonesia, a human-caused catastrophe that led to the displacement of communities near the mudflow, COHRE successfully urged the Special Rapporteur on the Right to Adequate Housing and the Special Rapporteur on the Right to the Highest Attainable Standard of Health to intervene with Indonesian authorities to press for remedies for those displaced.

To see the full Concluding observations of the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, go to: http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/treaty/CD_Concl_Obs_2009/CESCR/42nd/E-C-12-KHM-CO-1(e).doc 9

COHRE Annual Report 2009

World Bank Inspection Panel in Cambodia What is LMAP? The Land Management and Administration Project (LMAP) is a multidonor project started in 2002 to assist the Cambodian government with the development of its land sector legal framework. Its objective was to “reduce poverty, promote social stability and stimulate economic development by improving land tenure security and promoting the development of efficient land markets”.

COHRE and its local partners launched a case before the World Bank Inspection Panel (WBIP) challenging the implementation of a World Bank project that has led to forced eviction and threatened forced eviction of urban poor communities in Phnom Penh. The WBIP found the case to be eligible for a full inspection, which will commence in early 2010. On account of this case, Bank Management has committed to mitigating the housing rights violations that have occurred in the context of this project, including by improving the economic and social conditions of those already evicted.

LMAP’s accomplishments: Developed key sections of the legal framework for land administration, trained government staff and adjudicated more than one million titles. Land rights violations under LMAP: in 2006, LMAP failed to give titling to the Boeung Kak communities although they have strong proof of land rights. The Boeung Kak area was deemed a development zone and leased by the government to a private sector company. This put 20,000 residents of the community at risk of eviction and led to the forced eviction of 1,000 families. Since the filling of the lake began in August 2008, many families have begun to leave the area, accepting inadequate compensation payments and relocation arrangements under duress. COHRE’s advocacy and impact: Since 2008, COHRE and partner NGOs have been engaging the Cambodian government and the World Bank on behalf of the Boeung Kak communities. Although the Cambodian government has not been open to negotiations, in August 2009 the World Bank acknowledged a complaint filed by COHRE requesting a full investigation of land rights violations by the Bank’s inspection panel. The results of the findings of this inspection

COHRE Annual Report 2009

Sri Lanka

Highlights In an effort to ensure that women have equal access to adequate housing, COHREâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s country programme office in Sri Lanka has been a pioneer in the efforts to abolish the Head of Household (HoH) concept that favours male ownership of property, and to inform the policy reform agenda in Sri Lanka around this issue. COHRE publications played a pivotal role in shaping national advocacy on the HoH concept by increasing access to accurate information; clarifying confusion about the HoH concept, and creating momentum on legal reform among relevant government ministries, civil society and international NGOs. COHRE Sri Lanka also continued to produce its quarterly newletter aimed at raising awareness about issues that COHRE is working on as well as more generally about housing, land and property (HLP) rights in Sri Lanka. In recent issues, COHRE provided space for local groups to help raise awareness about the HLP rights that local civil society is working on (for a full list of publications, see Annex I). Training, capacity-building and public awareness raising activities continued to be at the forefront of COHRE Sri Lankaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s work.

COHRE staff member Nilanka Nanayakkara conducts a public seminar on ESC rights in Nawa-nagaraya, Pollonnaruwa, Sri Lanka , 30 May 2009

In many public seminars targeting communities, COHRE was asked by participants to give legal advice on specific housing rights cases linked to security of tenure, titling and how to obtain state grants to prove ownership.

COHRE followed up with those communities and conducted litigation work on their behalf by representing them in court. In 2009, legal aid and litigation work benefited a total of 700 people (constituting tsunami survivors and rural fishing communities) and 400 informal settlements in Colombo 13 and 14. COHRE also sought the assistance of the Special Rapporteur on the Right to Adequate Housing in the case of forced eviction of tsunami IDPs from transitional shelters in Sri Lanka. The Special Rapporteur responded by communicating her concern to the Sri Lankan government.

COHRE Annual Report 2009

Research and publications Highlights from the COHRE Sri Lanka Newsletter in 2009: Why the COHRE Sri Lanka Newsletter? The Newsletter is a quarterly publication designed to raise awareness of issues COHRE is working on and more generally about housing, land and property (HLP) rights in Sri Lanka. The newsletter is a powerful tool for distributing information related to HLP rights to a wide spectrum of actors and stakeholders. It has a large distribution base that includes NGOs, government agencies, UN agencies, local civil society and partners. Number of issues published and distributed in 2009: Four issues published between January and October 2009 with a total of 1,600 copies distributed. Topics covered: In recent issues, COHRE provided space for local groups to help raise awareness about the HLP rights issues local civil society is working on. The first quarter of 2009 (Issue no. 9) focused on the response of the government to the crisis in the North and the gender dynamics of forced evictions in Colombo. The second quarter (Issue no. 10) featured policy recommendations for IDPs in the North and an article from a local land rights group, Prajabhialsha. The third quarter (Issue no. 11) carried an article by the National Fisheries Solidarity Movement on challenges faced by Kappaladiya fishermen regarding their traditional fishing lands. Another article covered the National Housing Development Authorityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s response for housing needs in Sri Lanka; followed by a summary of a recent COHRE publication.

In the first quarter of 2009, COHRE finalized a socio-legal study on the origins and impact of the HoH concept in Sri Lanka9. This publication is a historical analysis of the concept that examines how the state administration uses the HoH and joint ownership concepts and their adverse affect on women's right to adequate housing in Sri Lanka. The publication gives recommendations and alternative solutions to policy-makers and provides an overview of the arguments for and against maintaining the current HoH concept.10 The report was distributed to government agencies, civil society, international agencies, academics and policymakers as well as in all training workshops and meetings with government ministries discussing law and policy reform. The publication attracted the interest of other international and national state actors such as the Norwegian Refugee Council, Nation Peace Council, the Ministry of Nation-building and the Law Commission of Sri Lanka. COHRE Sri Lanka realized during discussions and workshops with state and non-state actors that there was considerable confusion about the content and application of the State Lands Ordinance (SLO) and the Land Development Ordinance (LDO). Both laws have important implications for the joint-ownership and HoH concept. To address this gap, COHRE produced a briefing paper explaining the intricacies of the SLO and LDO.11 The paper was translated into Tamil and Sinhalese and 1,000 copies were distributed to government agencies, civil society, international agencies, academics and policy makers, as well as during workshops and relevant meetings with state authorities.

COHRE, A Socio-legal Study on the Head of Household Concept in Sri Lanka, http://www.cohre.org/store/attachments/A%20Sociolegal%20study%20of%20the%20Head%20of%20the%20Household%20concept%20in%20Sri%20Lanka.pdf 10 COHRE Briefing Paper: A Socio Legal Study on the Head of Household in Sri Lanka: A Summary, Volume III, March 2010. 11 COHRE Briefing Paper: Realizing the intricacies of the Land Development Ordinance (LDO) and State Lands Ordinance (SLO), August 2009. http://www.cohre.org/store/attachments/SLO%20briefing%20Issue%20II%20dec%202008.pdf 12

COHRE Annual Report 2009

In the third quarter of 2009, COHRE published and distributed The Status of HLP Rights in Sri Lanka 2008.12 The report tracks the HLP rights situation in Sri Lanka in 2008 by providing an overview of key trends, events and violations pertaining to HLP rights. It aims to provide development practitioners, international and national NGOs, human rights defenders, lawyers, government officials and policy-makers with valuable insight into the challenges facing Sri Lanka’s IDPs and marginalized groups facing HLP rights violations. COHRE conducted interviews with end-users of the publication, such as the Human Rights Commission, Ministry of Justice, NGOs and academics, who found the publication informative and relevant.

National advocacy The research on the HoH and joint ownership concepts were the foundation upon which COHRE Sri Lanka based its national advocacy work. The advocacy strategy in 2009 focused on raising awareness and building consensus among government officials and critical government ministries through individual meetings and targeted discussions. Those ministries included: the Ministry of Child Development and Women’s Empowerment, the Ministry of Housing, Ministry of Lands, Ministry of Public Administration, the Ministry of Displacement, the Ministry of Human Rights and Disaster Management, the Resettlement Authority and the Ministry of Justice. On 1 June, COHRE’s Women and Housing Rights Programme organized a consultation discussion with government officials and civil society on joint ownership. The discussion was attended by 20 participants from the above-mentioned ministries with the objective of generating informed debate to influence the work of the attending ministries and gain consensus on joint ownership reform and discuss next steps. The discussion concluded that joint ownership should not be forced on anyone, but that it should be a legitimate option when the state allocates land.

Post-conflict and post-tsunami: housing rights challenges In 2009, the war between the Government of Sri Lanka and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) ended with the defeat of the LTTE and the Sri Lankan military capturing all territory in the Island. The LTTE leader was killed and displacement from the conflict reached 300,000 IDPs. Following the end of the conflict, internally displaced persons (IDPs) were held in large camps with no freedom of movement. COHRE and most NGOs faced considerable challenges accessing the camps due to tight security restrictions, especially for those engaging in protection and human rights work. The ability of stakeholders to influence policy-makers regarding IDP issues was reduced significantly during 2009. There was, and still remains, a dichotomy between the push for the quick return of IDPs and the need to ensure all returnrelated issues are addressed adequately. In addition, almost four years after the Asian tsunami, many displaced people still have not received adequate housing. More than 20,000 live in temporary camps and are increasingly faced with eviction by local municipalities that offer no compensation. Having fallen through the policy gaps and in some cases been discriminated against, these families face homelessness and increased vulnerability for other human rights abuses. The current housing policy framework in Sri Lanka is extremely weak. Current initiatives are underway to develop a national housing policy and land-use policy. It is critical that marginalized communities have a voice in shaping these policies and that they conform to existing international human rights law. Although well-recognized international legal principles exist on housing, land and property rights, including the Pinheiro Principles on Return and Restitution Rights, there is a great need for awareness-raising, and the harmonisation of Sri Lanka law, policy and jurisprudence with international human rights standards.

Participants’ feedback indicated that the consultation was very useful and helped them better understand the application of the concepts and focus on the issues. 12

To see the briefing paper, please click here: http://www.cohre.org/store/attachments/Status%20of%20HLP%20Rights%20in%20Sri%20Lanka%202008.pdf 13

COHRE Annual Report 2009

Lessons learnt so far from this ongoing work is that reaching out to a large number of ministries, as opposed to targeting a few key ministers, helped widen the scope of the debate on the HoH and joint ownership concepts and create momentum. However, it is obvious that this is going to be a long-term process that may warrant expanding the advocacy strategy to include more targeting of womenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s rights groups and other local NGOs, as well as capacity-building and advocacy training to grassroots networks and public awareness to communities.

Training, public education and capacity-building In 2009 COHRE Sri Lanka implemented 14 trainings, ToTs and public seminars targeting 642 participants representing local and international NGOs, UN agencies , government officials, community grassroots activists and leaders, fishing and rural communities and tsunami victims in need of access to information. The topics covered included international and domestic HLP rights; gender and housing rights with a special focus on providing tools to NGOs and government workers on the Head of Household (HoH) and joint ownership concepts; legal mechanisms available to protect the right to housing in Sri Lanka and remedies to violations and securing tenure. A series of three ToTs aimed at developing the skills of trainers in the Praja Abhilasha land rights network was launched in 2009 and has great potential to show impact in the coming year as the trainers go back to their communities to disseminate the knowledge and skills they gained (for a comprehensive list of trainings and seminars, see Annex II). Twenty trainers were selected and attended an initial two training sessions to equip them to confidently approach and train their communities COHRE partner, the National Fisheries Solidarity Movement, conducts facton HLP matters. The trainings focused on a variety finding mission. COHRE has been providing training and legal advice to the of topics including the concept of property and the organisation so they can better protect their members' interests. different laws affecting land such as the State Lands Ordinance, partition, rent, mortgage, law on prescription and deed titling. They were also introduced to housing rights of children and women. A session was dedicated to methods of workshop organisation and presentation skills. The same group of trainers will receive a final training in early 2010 and will then proceed to return to their own communities and raise awareness and problem solve on key HLP issues affecting their locality. The ultimate goal is to allow the communities and community groups to apply this knowledge by taking direct action themselves or advocating for their rights to be met.

Litigation on behalf of communities While legal advice during trainings targeting communities is common practice, COHRE Sri Lankaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s legal team has litigated in several cases during the year, representing communities in court who are 14

COHRE Annual Report 2009

threatened with eviction. One such case involved a fishing community in Puttalam that was denied access to the fishing grounds they have used for generations. The litigation resulted in a victory for the community, which was able to continue fishing. COHRE also provided legal advice on deeds and titling through a Belgium Red Cross project that was trying to gain security of tenure for families in three tsunami housing projects. COHRE guided the Belgium Red Cross through the process, during which more than 150 families were assisted to receive government grants, in the coming year, confirming their ownership. Another case involved 400 informal settlements in Colombo 13 and 14, which were issued a onemonth notice of eviction. COHRE appeared in court on behalf of three of the respondents, filed an injunction on the case and was able to delay the eviction. The State Lands (Recovery of Possession) Act allows the state to repossess land from informal settlers without offering any compensation and giving only one monthâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s notice. However, past experience has shown that the government was willing in some cases to offer a relocation package. At the time of writing the case is still on-going and the community has yet to be evicted. Further research and evidence collection is currently underway to ensure that future claims can be supported. COHREâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s litigation efforts face many challenges in its work, including a legal framework that is weighed heavily against informal settlers and a lack of awareness amongst administrators of alternative options to eviction. In many cases, the judiciary faces extreme pressure from government and individuals who also fear reprisals for bringing cases. However, despite these numerous challenges, COHRE has successfully brought a number of important cases where rights have been protected and international jurisprudence relating to the right to adequate housing has successfully been presented to the courts for consideration.

COHRE Annual Report 2009

Latin America Highlights In 2009, COHRE Latin America focused on housing rights in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia and Ecuador. These activities included advocacy and litigation on behalf of dwellers of informal settlements, ground-breaking research, public awareness-raising trainings and seminars that reached more than 1,550 participants in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia and Ecuador – representing NGOs, social movement members, slum-dwellers, policy-makers on national housing plans, judges and researchers. Featured publication: Bulletin on Housing Rights and the Right to the City in Latin America The Bulletin on Housing Rights and the Right to the City in Latin America is one of COHRE’s most popular periodic publications that reaches more than 2000 subscribers around the Latin America region and internationally. Its target audience is NGOs, governments, intergovernmental organizations and academics. In 2009, five issues of the Bulletin were published and distributed. Contributors include both COHRE staff and international experts in housing rights. Each issue carried articles that analysed regional trends, challenges and legal reform advances in areas such as the Right to the City; water and sanitation in Latin America; land regularization and slum upgrading; forced evictions; indigenous rights and domestic jurisprudence, and the right to housing. Articles from the Latin America Bulletin have been quoted in several human rights journals in 2009 such as those of the Habitat International Coalition, the European Knowledge Network and the Human Rights Information and Documentation Systems.

Training and seminar topics included the right to city, slum upgrading, land regularization, the displacement of women in armed conflict, and Latin American jurisprudence on forced evictions. COHRE also wrote 11 protest letters to governments and local authorities to advocate against the eviction of more than 2,000 families in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Guatemala and Panama. At the World Social Forum 2009, COHRE had a prominent presence, marked by the organization of three workshops on the Right to the City in collaboration with other regional NGOs. The workshops were attended by more than 1,000 people and included renowned speakers such as the UN Special Rapportuer on the Right to Adequate Housing, Raquel Rolnik, and academic and activist David Harvey. COHRE undertook series of fact-finding missions in Argentina, Brazil and Colombia to address the link between domestic violence and women’s housing rights, carrying out over 60 interviews and several focus group discussions with women who have survived domestic violence. The final report A Place in the World: The Right to Adequate Housing as an Essential Element of a Life Free from Domestic Violence will be published in Spanish in July 2010.13 The announcements that Brazil will be hosting the World Cup (2014) and the Olympic Games (2016) – and threat that the construction of sporting venues in 12 cities around Brazil will mean forced eviction for many inhabitants of slum areas where the sporting venues will be constructed – prompted action by COHRE and its NGO partners to raise awareness of housing rights. This included monitoring, research and publications, advocacy targeting the main stakeholders and

The original Spanish version will be entitled: Un Lugar en el Mundo: El Derecho a la Vivienda como Elemento Imprescindible para una Vida Libre de la Violencia Doméstica. 16

COHRE Annual Report 2009

training of community activists.

Training and public awareness In the first week of November 2009, a regional training on Economic Social and Cultural Rights (ESCR) was held in the Villa de Leyva, Colombia. The event was coordinated in collaboration with COHRE partners DIGNITY and the Instituto Latinoamericano para una Sociedad y un Derecho Alternativo (ILSA). The training targeted 29 participants representing social, urban and indigenous movements from Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Dominique Republic, Guatemala, Forced eviction of women México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela. Besides deepening the participants’ knowledge in ESCR, the training used “The impact of these forced an interactive and participatory methodology that focused on group work, evictions … is profoundly case studies of human rights violations and analysis of national devastating for women and is constitutions and state obligations under domestic and international law. correlated with heightened rates This approach created a dynamic discussion and led to solidarity amongst of physical, psychological and the participants, who agreed by the end of the meeting to create an economic violence before, during information-sharing network to allow them to exchange lessons from their and after the evictions. This is perspective countries. They also committed to disseminating the true both in terms of violence knowledge they gained beyond the training session. In August 2009, COHRE, together with the UNHCR, the Brazilian Ministry of Housing and the Argentinean and Brazilian Ministries of Justice conducted a seminar for 43 judges, prosecutors, public defenders and lawyers from across Latin America (Brazil, Argentina, Colombia, Honduras, Peru and Uruguay). The seminar analysed the legal experience of implementing international housing rights standards in the judicial resolution of urban and rural land conflicts, and the experience of indigenous and AfroAmerican communities in the context of preventing forced evictions and mediating land conflicts. The meeting concluded with the formation of a regional working group of judges and public defenders who are now sharing information about the application of housing rights standards.

against women at the hands of State authorities, non-State actors, community members, as well as domestic violence.” - Yakin Ertürk, former UN Special Rapporteur on Violence Against Women, May 2009

Argentina Since 2008, COHRE has been working with inhabitants of the Villa 31 and 31 bis slums in Buenos Aires to assist them in their negotiations with city officials for better water and sanitation services and for the regularization and upgrading of the two slums. City authorities threatened almost 26,000 people with forced eviction, claiming that it was “impossible” to upgrade the slums. COHRE’s research revealed that the city in fact planned to construct luxury real estate buildings on the site. In December 2008, COHRE filed a lawsuit against the local and national governments, requesting a regularization and accelerated urbanization plan for these two informal settlements. A year later (December 2009), a law ordering the regularization and urbanization of Villa 31 and 31 bis slums was approved by the city legislature. The slums will be regularized and upgraded in 2010. COHRE also conducted research highlighting the predicament of more than five million inhabitants of Buenos Aires’s Matanza-Riachuelo Basin who were impacted by exposure to environmental 17

COHRE Annual Report 2009

pollution and poor access to water services. This research was conducted in collaboration with a number of leading national NGOs and resulted in a co-publication entitled: Access to Clean Water in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires. The report will be used to advocate for better public policies that respect the human right to access to clean water. Defending women’s housing rights in Argentina COHRE participated in a series of meetings organised by partner organizations the Center for Social and Legal Studies and the Bureau to Advance Children Rights of the City of Buenos Aires to discuss the current housing crisis that affects Buenos Aires. COHRE took a lead role in highlighting the importance of women’s housing rights within this context, and the urgent need to include a gender perspective in the analysis of the situation. Currently, the local council is planning to draft a housing bill for the City. COHRE met with the Housing Commission Director to discuss the importance of incorporating a gender perspective in the housing bill, and will prepare a policy document to strengthen advocacy on the women and housing issues in the city.

Brazil The Latin America programme worked on preventing forced evictions in Brazil within the context of urban planning and development, which constitutes a large proportion of forced evictions in Brazil. This was done through legal reform advocacy targeted at the Ministry of Justice and providing legal assistance to slum-dweller communities. Despite advances in Brazil in the area of the right to adequate housing and the Right to the City, most conflicts over land are triggered by real estate development Urbanizing Project workshop in Porto Alegre, Brazil. projects built on informal settlements or slum areas that result in forced evictions. For the most part, urban planners lack knowledge of urban policies and instruments and often disregard the right to housing and the city. In some Brazilian cities, evictions authorized by the judiciary are based on laws that require reform. In other cities, there are municipal laws that authorize the removal of families and communities. To respond to this, COHRE – under the umbrella of the National Forum for Urban Reform14 – developed a proposal with recommendations to resolve and prevent conflict arising from forced evictions. The proposal was widely shared with policy-makers and attracted the attention of the 14

The National Forum for Urban Reform is an umbrella of 28 organizations, NGOs and academics specializing in urban issues and housing rights. They include the following: Confedracoa Nacional de Associaceos de Moradores (CONAM); Central de Movimontos Populaes (CMP); Action Aid do Brasil; Instituto Polis- Instituto de Estudos and Formacao e Assessoria em Poilticas Socias. 18

COHRE Annual Report 2009

Ministry of Justice, which asked COHRE and its partners to conduct research on urban and rural land conflict in Brazil. In October 2009 COHRE, the Polis Institute and Terra dos Direitos submitted recommendations to the Ministry for the reform of the Civil Procedure Code on the Prevention and Mediation of Evictions so that it would reflect international human rights standards. The report was widely disseminated by the Ministry of Justice to other relevant Ministries. A final Ministry proposal was approved by the Council of Cities and a resolution was put forward to the Brazilian government recommending the adoption of a national policy to prevent urban land conflicts. The Ministry of Justice is expected to prepare and present a legal proposal based on this resolution to the National Congress to be discussed, approved and eventually implemented by the Brazilian national government. Reform of the Civil Procedures Code could impact up to seven million residents of informal settlements at risk of forced eviction. COHRE also continued to provide legal assistance to the Vila Sao Pedro community by assisting in negotiations with the local government on ownership regularization through working on an Agreement on Collective Special Concessions for Housing to slum dwellers. By the end of 2009, the final version of the agreement was approved, thereby recognizing the right to land ownership for the Vila Sao Pedro slum inhabitants, benefiting approximately 280 families. International advocacy

Marching for housing rights at the 2009 World Social Forum in Belem, Brazil

COHRE submitted a Shadow Report to the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (CESCR) detailing violations of housing rights in Brazil with a particular focus on influencing national policies on social housing as well as access to water and sanitation. The Committee concluded that Brazil’s policies fell short of its obligations under the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and recommended that Brazil “adopt additional measures to deal with the problem of homelessness, to ensure adequate access to housing for lowincome families, disadvantaged and marginalised individuals and groups, and to improve the water and sanitation

facilities of existing housing units.” In early 2009, the International Labour Organization (ILO) issued its preliminary observations on a case submitted by COHRE in 2008 that addressed violations of indigenous land rights in the context of forced eviction and displacement of Quilombo communities in Brazil. The ILO concluded that ILO Convention No. 169 on indigenous peoples applies to the Quilombos communities and that the State failed to adequately consult with these communities prior to expropriating land for the Alcántara spaceport. COHRE translated the findings into Portuguese for dissemination to the affected communities and provided trainings on how to use these findings in their land rights advocacy. COHRE also provided comments and suggestions to the draft Statute of the Association of the Quilombo Communities of Alcántara that will form the basis of collective land titling. 19

COHRE Annual Report 2009

COHRE provided substantive revisions and additions to a complaint filed jointly with partners before the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights. COHRE’s partners include two community-based organisations (Associação de Remanescentes de Quilombos da Ilha da Marambaia (ARQIMAR) and Associação de Comunidades Quilombolas do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (ACQILERJ)) and one NGO (Justica Global). The work also had assistance from the Human Rights Clinic at the University of Texas School of Law. The case deals with Quilombos communities on Marambaia Island and land titling in the context of threatened displacement by the Brazilian Navy. The case is pending before the InterAmerican Commission.

Colombia Colombian Constitutional Court upholds right to housing In early 2010, following a lawsuit by COHRE and FEDES, the Constitutional Court ordered the Municipal government to provide health programmes, education, housing and credit options to the displaced families in Prados de Altagracia. In its ruling, the Constitutional Court upheld the right to housing for IDPs as a fundamental human right by applying General Comment 7, developed by the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (CESCR). This General Comment represents the most farreaching decision yet under international law on forced evictions and human rights, detailing what governments, landlords and institutions must do to prevent forced evictions.

In partnership with its local partner, the Foundation for Education and Development (FEDES), COHRE conducted legal aid activities focusing on informal settlements, regularization and the prevention of forced eviction. In Altos de la Florida, Soacha, state authorities were planning to evict 800 families. COHRE and its partners 15 initiated a roundtable discussion between the community and relevant stakeholders, including the Municipal Mayor of Soacha, the Ministry of Interior, UN agencies and land owners. COHRE and its partners advised community members in how to put forward a proposal for the regularisation of the settlement. The community gained valuable skills in dialogue and negotiation that enhanced their ability to propose a solid plan of action and convey convincing arguments against their eviction. Between late 2008 and early 2009, 18 families composed of internally displaced persons (IDPs) living in the Prados de Altagracia, Fusagasugá community were forcibly evicted for living in housing owned by the municipality that had been abandoned 13 years previously. COHRE and FEDES responded to the Mayor’s eviction order by sending the Municipality a protest letter and filing a tutela action,16 or lawsuit, requesting adequate remedies for the impacted families (see box).

COHRE and local partners also filed a tutela action to defend fundamental territorial rights of the indigenous people of Sierra Nevada. COHRE filed an amicus curie before the Constitutional Court that highlighted the systemic violations of the fundamental rights of the indigenous communities due to the building of a port. COHRE and partners lobbied representatives from the Attorney General's Office, Ombudsman, Comptroller General of the Republic and Ministry of Environment and reported to them the illegal interference in the territory 15

Implementing partners included: FEDES, Servicio Jesuita para Refugiados, Fundación Codo a Codo, Un techo para mi país. 16 A tutela action is a judicial instrument within the Colombian Constitution of 1991. It is a request to the Court that calls for the protection of fundamental constitutional rights whenever those rights are violated or threatened by any action or inaction by public authorities. This instrument is used when the victims have no other means for reparation. 20

COHRE Annual Report 2009

of the indigenous peoples of Sierra Nevada. As a result, the Attorney General's Office and the Ombudsman announced the opening of investigations to verify the complaints filed by indigenous communities. COHRE and FEDES also advocated with the government to improve the living conditions of 60,000 people living in the Altos de Cazuca Slum who had no security of tenure and limited basic services. International advocacy During 2009, COHRE and national NGO’s contributed to the housing rights chapter of the Civil Society Alternative Report to the Committee on Economical, Social and Cultural Rights (CESR) regarding Colombia that helped inform the CESR about the housing rights situation in the country. 17 In their concluding observations, the CESCR called on the Colombian government to ensure the restitution of lands taken from indigenous, Afro-Colombian peoples and peasant IDP communities. Expressing its concern about the housing deficit and overcrowding in housing amongst disadvantaged and marginalized families, the Committee recommended, in accordance with the General Comment 4,18 that the State adopt a national strategy to provide the population with sustainable solutions for housing and take immediate measures to ensure access to adequate housing, in particular for disadvantaged and marginalized individuals and families, including internally displaced persons, indigenous and Afro-Colombian peoples. Concerned that internally displaced persons are offered inadequate temporary housing, and that forced evictions are widespread the Committee urged the State to take concrete measures, including adopting an adequate legal framework to ensure that persons forcibly evicted are provided with alternative accommodation or compensation, in accordance with the General Comment 7.19

Ecuador The elections in Ecuador brought with them a new mayor for the city of Quito – Augusto Barrera, a supporter for reform in the area of the Right to the City. COHRE and its partners took this opportunity to advance proposals for the regularization of informal settlements. The urban

An executive summary of the ‘Shadow Report’ to CESCR is available at: http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/cescr/docs/ngos/Plataforma_Colombia44_sp.pdf 18 General Comment No. 4 (1991) on the Right to Adequate Housing of the United Nations Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights emphasizes that:  Effective monitoring is an “obligation of immediate effect.”  For a State Party to satisfy its obligations under Article 11(1) it must determine, inter alia, that it has taken whatever steps are necessary, either alone or on the basis of international cooperation, to ascertain the full extent of homelessness and inadequate housing within its jurisdiction.  The revised reporting guidelines adopted by the Committee emphasize the need to “provide detailed information about those groups within society that are vulnerable and disadvantaged with regard to housing.” They include, in particular, homeless persons and families, those inadequately housed and without ready access to basic amenities, those living in “illegal” settlements, those subject to forced evictions and low-income groups. 19 Document E/C.12/COL/CO/5, 21 may 2010, in: http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/cescr/cescrs44.htm 21

COHRE Annual Report 2009

authorities, in collaboration with the Urban Forum and slum-dwellers, are drafting a code for the regularization of informal settlements in the city. To influence this process, COHRE used the Urban Forum of Quito as a platform of expression, debate and action, and participated in a series of seminars to put forward propositions for a domestic law on regularizing informal settlements in Quito. It is envisioned that approximately half a million residents of slums and informal settlements in Quito will benefit once this law passes. In 2009, COHRE continued to work with slum-dwellers in Quito through a participatory process that allows them to directly interact with state authorities and set their priorities on issues related to infrastructure, basic services and living conditions. COHRE and its national partner, Foro Urbano, worked with a network of forty slum dwellers representing forty informal settlements in Quito. Meetings were organized linking the slum dwellers with relevant government agencies. Participants openly shared their daily urban and housing challenges with the authorities and debated solutions and next steps that would permit slum upgrading and eventual regularization of informal settlements. These reforms, if implemented, are expected to benefit 20,000 people living in informal settlements of the metropolitan area of Quito.

COHRE Annual Report 2009

Africa Highlights In 2009, the Africa programme conducted public awareness activities in Kenya and Ghana that targeted a total of 65 participants representing government agencies, civil society, community-based organizations and UN agencies. In Ghana, the training focused on women’s housing, land and property rights and reviewed national policy from a women’s rights perspective. In Kenya, the training was designed with an emphasis on national and grassroots activism in the areas of women’s and housing rights, women’s inheritance rights, women and the right to water and urbanization and women’s land rights. In early 2009, protest letters addressing forced evictions in South Africa (affecting 10,000 families) and Kenya (affecting 25,000 families) were sent to the relevant authorities and stakeholders. In Kenya, COHRE’s protest letter was related to a river clean-up initiative in Nairobi, and was sent jointly by Hakijamii, Amnesty International and the Shelter Forum. It helped initiate dialogue with relevant authorities on best practice within the international housing and human rights framework. COHRE also litigated a case before the World Bank Inspection Panel (WBIP) on behalf of a community in Ghana facing forced eviction due to a World Bank-funded project near Accra. The WBIP issued a final decision finding several housing and land related violations of the World Bank’s procedures.

Research and publications Highlighting women’s housing rights in the context of HIV and AIDS COHRE’s report Shelter from the Storm: Women’s Housing Rights and the Struggle against HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa, was published in 2009 and distributed widely to international human rights organizations, UN bodies, local NGO partners, national policy-makers and government authorities.20 The report examines housing rights violations facing women within the context of the HIV/AIDS pandemic, with a focus on Ghana, Kenya and Uganda. It is being used widely as an advocacy tool in the area of women’s housing rights and HIV/AIDS. Our research aimed to bring forth the lived experiences, challenges and hopes of women and girls living with, or affected by, HIV/AIDS.

You can find the report at: http://www.cohre.org/store/attachments/090731%20Shelter%20from%20the%20Storm%20FINAL.pdf 23

COHRE Annual Report 2009

In the course of its research, COHRE interviewed 240 women living with or affected by HIV/AIDS in Ghana, Kenya and Uganda. In this report, COHRE builds on the premise that the housing challenges that women and girls experience are themselves gender-specific, and that gender inequality is closely linked to issues of security of tenure, ownership, control of land, and access to essential and productive resources. The report also argues that securing housing, land and property rights of women must form part of any meaningful strategy on HIV/AIDS reduction. COHRE was invited by The National Coalition on Housing and HIV/AIDS to share the results of its study during its biennial conference. The conference was held in collaboration with Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and the Ontario HIV Treatment Network, and was attended by 200 researchers, policy experts, consumers and providers of HIV/AIDS housing. Women and land reform COHRE, through the Women’s Land Link Africa (WLLA) project, has been facilitating and coordinating a collaborative relationship with Uganda Land Alliance (ULA) and Zambia Land Alliance (ZLA) to conduct a gender-sensitive land reform survey to measure the real impact of land reform initiatives on women through a women-led evaluations process in 2009. Following the gender-sensitive surveys that were conducted in Ghana and Kenya in 2008, COHRE developed reports cards from the outcome document of these surveys in August 2009. The aim was to create simple and useful documents to serve as a tool for advocacy and lobbying with government officials and other relevant stakeholders to advance gender-sensitive land reform policies and programmes in Africa. Furthermore, using the report cards as a platform for advocacy will help to ensure women’s voices, evaluations and recommendations feed into decision-making on land reform at national, regional and international levels. Water and sanitation In early 2009, COHRE published a report on the Ghanaian water and sanitation sector entitled A rights-based review of the legal and policy framework of the Ghanaian water and sanitation sector.21

Shaping the ‘gender agenda’ at UNHABITAT In January 2009, COHRE was invited to participate in the development of the UN-HABITAT Gender Equality Action Plan (GEAP) as an expert on gender, housing and land. COHRE’s participation contributed to a prioritisation of land and housing as a key area for 2009. This included a focus on reviewing laws on housing and land access for women. This work also paved the way for further partnerships, as COHRE was again invited to participate in a parent consultation held in March 2009. Notably, the GEAP itself cites COHRE’s 2008 report on Women, Slums and Urbanisation: Examining the Causes and Consequences. It was the only NGO report referenced in the 23-page document. In addition, in November 2009, UNHABITAT organized a two-day Expert Group Meeting (EGM) in Nairobi, Kenya to discuss the first draft of 8 Quick Guides for Policy Makers on Housing the Poor for African Cities. In participating in this EGM, COHRE contributed to the Guide on forced evictions, made recommendations for the improvement of the Quick Guides (including making them more reflective of women’s rights), provided case studies and provided possible strategies for disseminating and utilizing the Quick Guides. As an outcome, UN-HABITAT agreed to include information on forced evictions and women in their Quick Guides series.

The report reviewed the existing legal and policy framework of the Ghanaian water and sanitation sector using international human rights standards and offers recommendations for improvements. The objective of the review was to determine the extent to which 21

The executive summary can be accessed at: http://www.cohre.org/store/attachments/RWP%20%20Executive%20Summary%20of%20rights-based%20review%20of%20Ghanaian%20watsan%20sector.pdf The full report can be accessed at: http://www.cohre.org/store/attachments/RWP%20-%20Rightsbased%20review%20of%20Ghanaian%20watsan%20sector.pdf 24

COHRE Annual Report 2009

the framework guarantees the right to water and sanitation in accordance with Ghana's international human rights obligations. COHRE distributed the report widely within Ghana to both relevant NGOs and government entities, such as the Public Utilities Regulatory Commission. It is currently being used as an advocacy tool by a national network active on the right to water – the Watsan Coalition.

Capacity-building and trainings In May 2009, COHRE trained 50 grassroots women and men from the Federation of the Urban Poor, a local grassroots organisation working together with Peoples Dialogue on Human Settlement in Ashaiman, Ghana. The training focused on women’s land rights, inheritance rights and succession COHRE publications on women and under customary and statutory law, and strategies to deal with housing rights show their influence violations. It also focused strongly on experience-sharing, and provided a unique space for community-based grassroots women to COHRE’s 2008 Women, Slums and discuss, map and document strategies to combat violations and Urbanisation study was cited identify institutions available to support grassroots women in this prominently in the “Slums” chapter of area. During the session, participants used the Women Land Link Irene Khan’s (former Secretary General Africa (WLLA) handbook, Demystifying Human Rights: A Duty for All, of Amnesty International) new book as a training aid. entitled The Unheard Truth: Poverty and Human Rights.

Later in the year, COHRE held two more training sessions on women’s housing rights in Africa, entitled Understanding Women's Plan International, an international Housing, Land and Property Rights: Training for Partners and development charity working with Stakeholders (one in Accra, Ghana and one in Nairobi, Kenya). In communities in 45 countries to alleviate Ghana, this meeting brought together some 35 participants, child poverty is also featuring COHRE’s including representatives from government agencies, civil society report prominently in its upcoming organisations, community based organisations, international report on The State of the World’s Girls organisations (UN-HABITAT) and the local media. The workshop was 2010: Girls on the Cutting Edge of formally opened by Ghana’s National Minister for Women and Change, which features a chapter on Children. As a result of this effort, COHRE was contacted by Ghana’s “Girls and Cities”. Ministry of Water Resources, Works and Housing to contribute to the development of an implementation strategy of the Housing Finally, COHRE’s report is also Policy, currently in draft form. COHRE developed the background to referenced by UN-HABITAT in its recent the gender equality strategy and identified objectives for the publication, released in 2010, on Gender strategy, target populations, and areas of implementation. COHRE Equality for Smarter Cities: Challenges also determined qualitative and quantitative indicators that will be and Progress. used to track challenges and successes. This was an opportunity to directly influence the national strategy of the Housing Policy by proposing areas that the Ministry could consider when seeking to monitor how women are benefiting from the Housing Policy, once passed. COHRE is currently tracking the development of this Policy to stay engaged in the relevant discussions and negotiations as they go forward. In Kenya, the stakeholders’ workshop attracted non-governmental organisations, government representatives, and other experts on women’s rights and gender equality. Participants engaged in work relevant to HIV/AIDS, slum upgrading, media outreach, peace and conflict, land rights, inheritance rights, and domestic violence. Through group discussions, participants agreed on strategies that they needed to carry out within their work to contribute women’s housing and land 25

COHRE Annual Report 2009

rights. These strategies included, for example, using the media (such as radio programs and CDs) to communicate issues of women’s housing and land rights to the broader public; pressuring government representatives to give more attention to women’s housing and land rights through adequate budgetary allocations; and working with traditional leaders, authorities and religious leaders to promote women-friendly cultural practices and to conduct public awareness and education on women’s rights principles and standards. These recommendations for action helped inform COHRE’s future activities in Kenya. Also in Kenya, COHRE was invited to participate in a regional workshop in Nairobi in February 2009 on the Right to Water in Emergencies, which helped COHRE engage with civil society groups active on this issue. Subsequently COHRE was asked by the Kenyan government to provide comments and input on the Strategic Guidelines to Water and Sanitation Projects in informal settlements in Nairobi. In April, the Water Services Trust Fund invited COHRE to participate in the launch of the Fund’s Strategic Guidelines. COHRE Africa conducted several trainings targeting communities and government agencies regarding water and sanitation. One such training targeted 30 civil society representatives from Nairobi, Kisumu, Mombasa and Nakuru. The workshop had presentations from the Nairobi City Water and Sewage Company, the Water Services Trust Fund and the Athi Water Services Board. The workshop received positive feedback and allowed civil society participants to grasp important concepts in water and sanitation as well as be better-equipped with practical tools to advocate for water sector reforms.

Advocacy and litigation Women’s housing rights at the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACHPR) In November 2009, four WLLA partners from Nigeria and Ghana participated actively in the NGO Forum preceding the 46th ordinary session of the ACHPR and the session itself, both held in the Gambia. At the Commission session, there was an oral presentation from COHRE to the Commission on Women’s Rights to Housing, Land and Property in Africa, with a focus on Ghana, Nigeria, Kenya and Uganda. During the Commission session, COHRE WHRP and WLLA partners also met with the Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Women in Africa to discuss avenues for collaboration, including the creation and submission of a compendium on women’s housing rights violation to inform the Special Rapporteur on such violations and strategise to reduce such violations.

COHRE staff member Sylvia Noagbesenu with WLLA partners, attending the African Commission on Human and People's Rights in Banjul, Gambia, November 2009

During the NGO Forum, about 60 WLLA handbooks and 50 copies of the WLLA posters and stickers were disseminated. WLLA partners were also engaged in an awareness-raising campaign on WLLA and the advancement of women’s land, housing and inheritance rights. This made WLLA very visible at the NGO Forum as well as the Commission session itself. WHRP and WLLA partners present made inputs into several resolutions on gender equality in Africa, 26

COHRE Annual Report 2009

womenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s land rights, and forced evictions in Africa. The World Bank Inspection Panel - Ghana In 2009, COHRE litigated a case before the World Bank Inspection Panel (WBIP) on behalf of the Agyemankata community facing forced eviction due to a World Bank-funded project near Accra, Ghana. The WBIP issued a final decision finding several housing and land related violations of the World Bankâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s procedures. The Panel recommended, and the Bank Management agreed, that an entirely new Environmental and Social Assessment needs to be undertaken with meaningful consultations with the affected community. This assessment, which is still ongoing, will include an analysis of alternative sites so eviction may be prevented altogether. Consultations will take place with people that will be displaced and host communities receiving them and will include timely and relevant information; consultations of resettlement options; opportunities to participate in planning, implementing and monitoring resettlement; establishing appropriate and accessible grievance mechanisms; and Eviction notice - COHRE and World Bank Inspection Panel mission to the negotiated compensation (for all types of land Agyemankata community near Accra, Ghana tenure) achieved through fully informed and participatory consultation and iterative and ongoing, rather than one-off engagement. This conclusion will delay any potential eviction or even prevent it altogether. If an eviction does occur, it will be done through meaningful consultation throughout the process of planning, implementation, relocation and resettlement.

COHRE Annual Report 2009

Europe (Roma rights) Summary COHRE’s work in the Europe region focuses on advocacy and litigation on the housing rights of Roma communities, mainly in Bulgaria, Slovakia and the Czech Republic. COHRE worked with local partners to draft interventions before UN mechanisms with the aim of building their capacities to undertake international advocacy that complements local housing rights work.

Bulgaria In February 2009, COHRE and its local partner, the Equal Opportunities Association (EOA), submitted a ‘Shadow Report’ on Bulgaria to the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD). The report informed CERD about the current situation of Roma housing rights in Bulgaria and led the Committee to express its concern at obstacles faced by Roma in access to housing and issue a recommendation to Bulgaria to take positive measures to improve the living conditions of Roma in respect to access to housing. COHRE’s partners were brought to Geneva for face-to-face meetings with CERD. COHRE and its local Bulgarian partner also drafted and submitted a complaint to the UN Human Rights Committee challenging the forced eviction of two Romani communities in Bourgas, Bulgaria. The communities include 27 families forcibly evicted in September and 57 families threatened with imminent forced eviction. In addition to challenging the evictions and seeking remedies, the complaint requests urgent interim measures consisting of an injunction against further evictions and the provision of alternative housing for those already Roma family from the Bourgas community sleeping in what is left of their evicted. Thus far the complaint has resulted in a de home, September 2009. facto halt to further forced evictions. The complaint was initially accepted by the Committee and is the first individual complaint to deal with forced evictions under the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. It will be considered on the merits in 2010. The Special Rapporteur on the Right to Adequate Housing; the Special Rapporteur on Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance; and the Independent Expert on Minority Issues all also intervened at COHRE’s request to challenge the forced eviction of Romani communities in Bourgas. Their interventions contributed to a de facto halt to further threatened evictions. 28

COHRE Annual Report 2009

Slovak Republic COHRE and its Slovak partnerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s UPR submission concerning the Slovak Republic was cited 26 times in the Stakeholderâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Report to the Human Rights Council and used by several Human Rights Council delegations to challenge the delegation of the Slovak Republic on violations of Roma housing rights. The UPR conclusions addressed issues of racial segregation and inadequate housing conditions for Roma citizens of the Slovak Republic and called on the Slovak Republic to develop programmes to improve the housing situation for Romani individuals and communities.

Croatia COHRE submitted a complaint to the European Committee of Social Rights regarding housing restitution for people displaced on account of ethnic discrimination from and within Croatia. The Complaint was found to be admissible and a decision is likely to be reached in 2010.

European Committee of Social Rights: Italy COHRE finalized the drafting of a complaint against Italy for systematic housing rights violations against the Roma and Sinti ethnic minorities. The complaint was submitted to the Committee in May and ultimately found admissible. It is one of the first complaints seeking to define the right to adequate housing in the Revised European Social Charter. Consideration of the merits begins in early 2010.

COHRE Annual Report 2009

Other international advocacy and litigation Highlights As we read in the regional sections of this Annual Report, COHRE UN Palais des Nations in Geneva, Switzerland continued its international advocacy through 2009 in Africa, Asia, Latin America and Europe with the aim of connecting grassroots and community-based advocates to international mechanisms. The goals were to achieve remedies for violations of housing and related human rights and to progressively expand the jurisprudence to contribute to structural change in the field of housing rights. The results achieved before international mechanisms have been brought back to the local context and used to strengthen the local advocacy of COHRE partners. As we have seen, COHRE worked to facilitate access by its partners in Brazil, Bulgaria, Cambodia, Ghana, Indonesia, Italy, the Slovak Republic and Sri Lanka to international mechanisms including the Human Rights Council; the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights; the Human Rights Committee; the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination; the Commission on the Status of Women; the International Labour Organization; the European Committee of Social Rights; and the World Bank Inspection Panel. COHRE also successfully used various Special Rapporteurs procedures as a rapid response means of challenging or condemning housing rights violations and conducted international advocacy work on women and housing rights, the right to water and sanitation, and violations of housing rights in Israel/Palestine and India.

Women and housing rights International advocacy efforts on women and housing rights, included both a global and country-specific emphasis targeting UN agencies such as UN-HABITAT and regional agencies such as the African Commission for Human and People’s Rights and the World Social Bedouin communities in Israel lack access to piped water. Forum in Latin America. COHRE engaged the UN Special Rapporteur on Violence Against Women by contributing to the housing rights section of a report released by the Special Rapporteur on the political economy of women’s human rights. COHRE also contributed to the development of UNHABITAT’s Gender Equality Action Plan (GEAP).

COHRE Annual Report 2009

Water and sanitation Why international advocacy and litigation? COHRE’s use of litigation and other forms of legal advocacy are aimed at preventing, halting or remedying housing rights violations and creating beneficial jurisprudence that contributes to structural social change. COHRE’s use of litigation and legal advocacy, however, entails much more than seeking a judicial or quasi-judicial decision. For instance, one result of strategic international legal advocacy is that potential perpetrators of housing rights violations are stopped when they realize that accountability processes are now engaged and monitoring specific situations. COHRE works closely with local partners to build their capacity to engage in international legal advocacy and bring the results of such engagement home to complement and strengthen their local advocacy. Challenges to the legal enforcement of economic, social and cultural rights continue to include a lack of recognition of such rights as justiciable. The aim of COHRE legal advocacy, however, is to overcome this challenge by usefully demonstrating that housing rights can be and indeed have been legally enforced. Lessons learned include the value of working with the principle of indivisibility in litigating housing rights as well as the value of the strategic use resulting in de facto halts to further violations of the human right to housing.

Under the civil society umbrella called the Freshwater Action Network, COHRE participated in the World Water Forum 2009, held in Istanbul. The Network coordinated five sessions on the theme of good practices on the right to water and sanitation. COHRE participated on panel discussions on business and human rights. During the forum, COHRE sent letters to a number of State foreign ministries and other relevant stakeholders requesting support and recognition of the right to water and sanitation in the Ministerial Declaration that resulted from the Forum.

Israel/Palestine In the Occupied Palestinian Territories (OPT), where home demolitions and evictions occur on a daily basis, COHRE staff compiled cases that they used for advocacy with international agencies, the international community, media, the European Union and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). In 2009, COHRE drafted and submitted a Shadow Report to the Committee Against Torture (CAT) in the context of the periodic reporting of Israel. The Report argues that in many circumstances, violations of the right to adequate housing – including in particular forced eviction and home demolition – and violations of the right to water and sanitation give rise to violations of the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (Convention against Torture). CAT ultimately called on Israel to desist from its policies of house demolitions where they violate the Convention against Torture. COHRE also submitted a Shadow Report to the Human Rights Committee’s Country Task Force assigned to draft the List of Issues regarding the periodic report on Israel. COHRE’s report included recommendations and factual information and legal analysis supporting those recommendations.

The Report succeeded in getting housing rights violations on the list of issues to be covered during the periodic review of Israel and, for the first time, questions about violations of the right to water under the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. The EWASH Advocacy Task Force (ATF), representing around 30 national and international organisations working on water and sanitation in the Occupied Palestinian Territories (a project coordinated by COHRE) launched a global campaign on the right to water and sanitation in Palestine in December 2009. During this period a number of activities were held both in Palestine and around 31

COHRE Annual Report 2009

the world to draw attention to violations of the rights to water and sanitation that have left Palestinian communities with limited access to water services. The advocacy included the production of four Fact Sheets on:22 1) the impact of the blockade on water and sanitation in Gaza,23 2) water resources in the West Bank,24 3) water quality in Gaza,25 and 4) the right to water and sanitation in the OPT.26 The campaign also included direct training on the right to water and rights-based advocacy to communities. In the Gaza strip 1,200 youth were trained. In East Jabaliya, community members achieved local media coverage by drawing a mural depicting the impact of the blockade on Gaza. COHRE and its partner ATF participated in a ‘Waterfonie’ exhibition and panel discussion organised by the Willie Brandt Centre in Jerusalem in cooperation with the Freidrich Ebert Stiftung Foundation. A blog was also posted on the ‘Right to Water and Sanitation Community Platform’.27 As a result, the ATF received a number of requests for information.

India In 2009, COHRE intervened with the Special Rapporteur on the Right to Adequate Housing in a case involving the forced eviction of 250 families in Netaji Nagar, Mumbai, India.

Raquel Rolnik, UN Special Rapporteur on the Right to Adequate Housing, with whom COHRE works closely.

A written intervention by the Special Rapporteur contributed to the release from jail of several evictees detained during the forced eviction and allowed evictees to return home and rebuild their houses.

http://www.cohre.org/store/attachments/Campaign%20Call.pdf http://www.cohre.org/store/attachments/1%20Fact%20SheetThe%20Impact%20of%20the%20Blockade%20on%20Water%20and%20Sanitation%20in%20Gaza2.pdf 24 http://www.cohre.org/store/attachments/2%20Fact%20Sheet%20%20Water%20Resources%20in%20the%20West%20Bank.pdf 25 http://www.cohre.org/store/attachments/Fact%20sheet%203%20FINAL.pdf 26 http://www.cohre.org/store/attachments/Factsheet%204%20FINAL.pdf 27 www.right2watsan.ning.com 23

Annex I 2009 Publications A. Asia Program Name of Publication

Release Date

Number of copies distributed

Target audiences

Web link

A Guide to Housing, Land and Property Rights in Burma

Oct. 2009

300

Grassroots groups working on displacement monitoring, return, restitution

http://cohre.org/burma

Parallel report on Cambodia to the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights by COHRE and the Land and Housing Working Group Untitled: Tenure Insecurity and Inequality in the Cambodian Land Sector, BABSEA, COHRE and JRS Publication Booklet: Realising Economic, Social and Cultural Rights in Cambodia: Summary of Recommendations from the United Nations Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights 2009 VCD: Realising Economic, Social and Cultural Rights in Cambodia: Summary of Recommendations from the UN Committee on ESC Rights 2009 (48 mins)

Apr. 2009

Electronic

CESCR Committee, UN agencies, NGOs, government officials, academics, civil society organisations

http://www.cohre.org/cescr-cambodia

Sept. 2009

Electronic

Land Sector Donors, NGOs, government officials, academics, civil society organisations

http://www.cohre.org/untitled

Oct. 2009

685

Grassroots groups, NGOs,

http://www.cohre.org/cescr-cambodia

Oct. 2009

550

Grassroots groups, NGOs,

http://www.cohre.org/cescr-cambodia

A Cambodian Guide to Defending Land and Housing Rights: Volume 1, Part I: Your Rights Under International Law Part II: Your Rights Under Cambodian Law Part III: Defending Your Rights (BABSEA, COHRE, IAP Publication) Community Mapping Training Manual (COHRE and CMDP Publication) Cambodia For Sale: Stop Evictions (57 min documentary)

Oct. 2009

5000+

Grassroots groups, NGOs,

Dec. 2009

400

Grassroots groups, NGOs,

June 2009

546

NGOs, grassroots, INGOs, CSO, media

http://www.cohre.org/cambodianguide

http://www.cohre.org/cambodiaforsale

B. International Advocacy and Litigation Housing & ESC Rights Law Quarterly, Vol. 6 No. 1

Jan. 2009

2,249

Housing & ESC Rights Law Quarterly, Vol. 6 No. 2

Mar. 2009

2,249

Housing & ESC Rights Law Quarterly, Vol. 6 No. 3

June 2009

2,298

Housing & ESC Rights Law Quarterly, Vol. 6 No. 4

Dec. 2009

2,298

ESC rights lawyers and other advocates, ESCR-Net membership, ESCR-Net Adjudication Working Group ESC rights lawyers and other advocates, ESCR-Net membership, ESCR-Net Adjudication Working Group ESC rights lawyers and other advocates, ESCR-Net membership, ESCR-Net Adjudication Working Group ESC rights lawyers and other advocates, ESCR-Net membership, ESCR-Net Adjudication Working Group

http://www.cohre.org/quarterly

C. Women’s Housing Rights Programme Shelter from the Storm: Securing Women’s Housing Rights in the Struggle Against HIV/AIDS

Oct. 2009

250

International human rights organizations and UN bodies, local partner organizations, national policymakers and government authorities.

http://www.cohre.org/store/attachments/090731% 20Shelter%20from%20the %20Storm%20FINAL.pdf

WHRP Issue Briefs Series (10)

Oct. 2009

electronic

The Impact of National Land Policy and Land Reform on Women in Ghana The Impact of National Land Policy and Land Reform on Women in Kenya

Sept. 2009

130

Sept. 2009

Local partner organizations, general audience. WLLA partners, national policymakers. WLLA partners, national policymakers.

http://www.cohre.org/women

http://www.wllaweb.org/articles/articles_pdf/Ghana%20Report%20Card.pdf http://www.wllaweb.org/articles/articles_pdf/Kenya%20Report%20Card.pdf

D. Sri Lanka Country Program Recommendations for a National Policy on Housing, Land and Property Restiutution in Sri Lanka

Nov. 2009

250

NGOs, UN agencies, government officials, academics, civil society organisations

http://www.cohre.org/store/attachments/Recommendations% 20for%20a%20National%20Policy%20on%20HLP% 20Restitution%20in%20Sri%20Lanka%20-%20FINAL.pdf

POLICY BRIEF: Towards a National Policy for Housing, Land and Property Restitution in Sri Lanka

Aug. 2009

250

http://www.cohre.org/store/attachments/Return%20%26%20Restitution %20in%20Eastern%20Sri%20Lanka%20Policy%20Brief%20-%20Final.pdf

The Status of HLP Rights in Sri Lanka 2008

Aug. 2009

286

NGOs, UN agencies, government officials, academics, civil society organisations NGOs, UN agencies, government officials, academics, civil society organisations

BRIEFING PAPER: Realising the intricacies of the LDO and SLO

Jul. 2009

200

NGOs, UN agencies, government officials, academics, civil society organisations

http://www.cohre.org/store/attachments/SLO%20briefing%20Issue%20II%20dec %202008.pdf

A Socio-legal Study on the HoH Concept in Sri Lanka

NGOs, UN agencies, government officials, academics, civil society

http://www.cohre.org/store/attachments/A%20Sociolegal%20study%20of%20the%20Head%20of%20the%20Household%20concept% 20in%20Sri%20Lanka.pdf

http://www.cohre.org/store/attachments/Status%20of%20HLP%20Rights%20in %20Sri%20Lanka%202008.pdf

organisations COHRE Sri Lanka Newsletter No. 8

Jan. 2009

400

COHRE Sri Lanka Newsletter No. 9

Apr. 2009

400

COHRE Sri Lanka Newsletter No. 10

Jul. 2009

400

COHRE Sri Lanka Newsletter No. 11

Oct. 2009

400

COHRE Sri Lanka Newsletter No. 12

Dec. 2009

400

NGOs, UN agencies, government officials, academics, civil society organisations NGOs, UN agencies, government officials, academics, civil society organisations NGOs, UN agencies, government officials, academics, civil society organisations NGOs, UN agencies, government officials, academics, civil society organisations NGOs, UN agencies, government officials, academics, civil society organisations

http://www.cohre.org/store/attachments/Cohre%20%20News%20Letter%208th%20Edition.pdf

http://www.cohre.org/store/attachments/Cohre%20%20News%20Letter%209th%20Edition.pdf

http://www.cohre.org/store/attachments/Cohre%20%20News%20Letter%2010th%20Edition.pdf

http://www.cohre.org/store/attachments/Cohre%20%20News%20Letter%2011th%20Edition%20july%20sept%202009.pdf

http://www.cohre.org/store/attachments/Cohre%20%20News%20Letter%2012th%20edition%20oct%20dec%202009.pdf

Annex II Trainings and Public Awareness Activities (2009) Asia Programme Country

No. of trainings

No. of attendees

Audience

Burma (Thailand)

Burmes activists from Shan, Karen, Kachin, Arakan, Mon and Chin States

Burma (Thailand)

NGOs and Burmese opposition groups

Cambodia

Ongoing

HRTF

Tools provided Housing, Land and Property Rights in Burma TOT, 6-9 July 2009, Chiang Mai, Thailand. Introduction to human rights, housing rights, eviction, restitution, training techniques and monitoring housing rights violations (See CAPP report 2 and 3 of 2009). Meeting of NGOs and opposition groups about surveying land loss. COHRE provided training elements on housing rights, legal tests for forced evictions, guidance on the survey and initial training on restitution (See CAPP report 3 of 2009 for details). Ongoing institutional capacity building for HRTF by COHRE Coordinator and 37

Cambodia

1 TOT

25 participants from 18 provinces, mostly members of two community networks (IRAM & CPN), as well as three local NGO staff.

Cambodia

1 TOT

Same audience as in row 7 above

Cambodia

1 TOT

Tropeng Chork Community in Sangkat Damnak Trayeung, Phnom Penh

Cambodia

1 launch event & TOT

Activists and NGO staff from Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Burma and Viet Nam

Cambodia

15 communities

Urban poor communities in Phnom Penh

Project Officer. Introduction to Community Guide to Challenging Forced Displacement, Volume 1 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; covered international law, international law concepts relating to forced evictions, teaching capacity using interactive facilitation skills (see CAPP report 1 of 2009 for details). Teaching skills and further testing of the Community Guide curriculum (See CAPP report 2 of 2009 for details). TOT, test training of the community mapping manual (see CAPP report 2 of 2009 for details). Launch of the Community Guide and four-day workshop on developing and using the Community Guide for civil society activists working on issues of displacement, human rights and inclusive development (see CAPP report 4 of 2009 for details). COHRE, through the Tenure Security Working Group, supported community38

Cambodia

Ongoing

HRTF

Philippines

1 Forum on CESCR Concluding Observations on 10th March 2009

100

Representatives from civil society groups, academia, NGOs and government offices and agencies. The forum was chaired by the Philippines Commission on Human Rights.

mapping training in 15 urban poor communities in Phnom Penh using the community mapping manual, which will also form the basis for additional training curriculum in the second volume of the Cambodian Guide to Defending Land and Housing Rights (see CAPP report 4 of 2009 for details). Ongoing institutional capacity-building for HRTF by COHRE Coordinator and Project Officer. Forum brought together various stakeholders to discuss and develop a concrete plan of action for the implementation of the CESCR recommendations adopted in 2008. The people present agreed to form a committee to look at the suggestions and classify them into those which require legislative and executive actions. The members are HUDCC, NHA, PCUP and the local governments of Manila and Quezon City. NGOs and 39

Indonesia

POs will meet to decide on who will represent the group in the committee (see CAPP report 1 of 2009 for details). Justiciability of ESC rights, international legal advocacy strategies, incorporation of international law into domestic litigation, prohibition on forced evictions (see CAPP report 4 of 2009 for details).

Legal aid lawyers with COHRE partner organisations YLBHI and LBH

Legal aid lawyers with COHRE partner organisations YLBHI (Foundation for Legal Aid Services in Indonesia) and LBH-Jakarta (Legal Aid Services â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Jakarta).

Justiciability of ESC rights, international legal advocacy strategies, incorporation of international law into domestic litigation, prohibition on forced evictions.

Bulgaria

224

National and international housing rights.

Czech Republic

Roma community leaders and members, local authorities, service providers and NGOs. NGO lawyers working to defend Roma housing rights.

International Advocacy and Litigation Asia-Pacific Indonesia

Europe

Strategic use of the Special Procedures mechanism; housing rights law and policy design. 40

Other Global

Online workshop on litigating ESC rights for the Human Rights Education Association, Boston.

Post-graduate lawyers enrolled in advanced on-line human rights course.

TOT programme fundamental human rights under the Sri Lanka constitution; property rights and domestic laws. General land rights awareness sessions with communities. Cover topics such as fundamental human rights under Sri Lanka constitution, housing, land and property rights, titling of new lands and processes for application for new land. Housing, Land and Property Restitution Rights in Perspective; Vulnerability and Displacement; Land and Property Rights and Documentation; Housing Standards and Compensation. Overview of international and domestic laws with

Sri Lanka Country Programme Sri Lanka

105

Community grassroots activists in the Praja Abhilash network.

Sri Lanka

416

Grassroots seminars to communities and their leaders.

Sri Lanka

NGOs and UN

Sri Lanka

NGO trainings and seminars for government officials

regard to women; joint ownership of state land and gender sensitive guidelines to Tsunami housing.

Women & Housing Rights Programme Ghana

Kenya

Representatives from government agencies, civil society organizations, community based organizations, international organizations (UN-HABITAT) and the local media. The workshop was formally opened by Ghana’s National Minister for Women and Children.

NGOs, government representatives, and other experts on women’s rights and gender equality.

The theme of the training was ‘Understanding Women's Housing, Land and Property Rights in Ghana: Training for Partners and Stakeholders’. It focused on women’s housing, land and property rights in Ghana; review of relevant national policy from the perspectives of women’s housing land and property rights; and development of new strategies to secure women’s housing, land and property rights. The theme of the training was ‘Understanding Women's Housing, Land and Property Rights in Kenya: Training for Partners and Stakeholders.’ The workshop was organized so as to have a dual focus on national-level 42

activism and grassroots-level activism in the areas of: women and housing rights, womenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s inheritance rights, women and the right to water, gender and urbanization and womenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s land rights.

Annex III International Advocacy Type of Advocacy Action

Name of Case (if relevant)

Mechanism

Country at Issue

Issues Addressed

Status

Outcomes to Date

Africa Womenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Housing Rights (WHR) : WLLA partners from Nigeria and Ghana participated at the African Commission on Human and Peoples Rights

N/A

African Commission on Human and Peoples Rights

Held in Gambia

Women's rights to land, housing and property in Africa with a focus on Nigeria, Kenya, Ghana and Uganda.

Completed

Established a relationship with the Commissioners and the newly elected Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Women in Africa. Partnership among WLLA partners was strengthened and WLLA partners also had the opportunity to network with other partners from different institutions and organizations and laid a stronger foundation for future work with the ACHPR.

WHR: WLLA partners contributed to the African Union Pan African Land Policy Framework and Guidelines

N/A

African Union

Ethiopia

Women's land rights be strengthened through a variety of legislation, including enactment of legislation and better and productive use of land.

Adoption over but implementation yet to begin

WLLA partners voices and inputs have fed into the Pan-African Land Policy Framework and Guidelines and this has been adopted by the AU.

WHR

The Housing Policy

Ghana

Contributing the gender equality strategy in the draft policy implementation frame

Both the Policy and the Framework not yet adopted

COHRE Drafted the Strategy on Gender Equality and thus influenced the full component of the framework 44

work WHR

The policy review on marriage and spousal property Bills

Ghana

Addressing the issue of inheritance and property rights of women related to access to housing rights of women.

The two documents have been presented to Parliament, but not yet debated or passed

COHRE has been able to input in the two bills and contribute to the general debate

WHR

The Principles and Guidelines on ESCR in the Africa Charter on Human and People's Rights

The African Charter

African System

Having an input into the documents specifically in the area of adequate housing, water and sanitation, and the right of protection of a family addressing gender inequalities.

The recommendations to the draft were sent to the Senior Legal Expert and later sent, as required, to African Commission Human and People's Rights.

COHRE's input in the area of housing will influence the final draft. Follow up is needed to know the progress since then

WHR

The new SP on adequate housing Review of former SP report on Kenya

ICESCR

Kenya

WHRP joined the civil society organisations to review the report and provide updates on the issues raised by Miloon Kothari in 2004

The recommendations were sent to the Special Rapporteur on the Right to Adequate Housing through the civil society coalition in Kenya

The input made to the review influenced the final report of the new Special Rapporteur on Adequate Housing that was produced in 2010

WHR: Meetings and international

Development of Gender Equality Action Plan of

none

Joined team or partners to draft the GEAP and

WHRI is part of GEAP

WHRP was able to influence issues on housing and land in the action area 3 and was able to 45

conference

UN-Habitat Gender mainstreaming Unit

WHR: Meetings and international conference

The HIV/AIDS and Housing Summit IV, in Washing ton DC, organised by the HIV/AIDS and Housing Coalition

none

Meetings and international conference

The Impact of the Implementation of the Beijing Platform For Action on the Achievement of the Millennium Development Goals

none

contribute to GEAP partner implementation plan. As part of GEAP, formed the team that planned for WUF 5 to contribute to Gender Equality Action Assembly.

implementation partner and is one of lead partners on Action area 3 on Housing and Land.

present a paper at WUF 5.

none

Presented WHRI research findings on housing rights of women in the struggle against HIV/AIDS in subSaharan Africa. Their report was published in 2009.

Issues from the research formed part of the focus on the HIV/AIDS Summit V that will look at how to use the research findings to influence change.

WHRP brought the human rights perspective and African experience into the Summit, which focused mainly on provision of shelter in North America.

none

Urbanization and gender equality; attention to gender equality in improving the lives of the urban poor.

The paper presented is on the DAW website and therefore accessed by many.

Asia Cambodia Shadow Report

CESCR Review Cambodia

Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights

Cambodia

Housing and land rights, both as part of a larger NGO coalition shadow report and a stand-alone housing and land rights report. Forced evictions, security of tenure, security of housing rights defenders

Complete

Concluding observations include many of the concerns raised. Follow up work in Cambodia included capacity-building of local communities to advocate for the implementation of recommendations.

Universal Periodic Review

UPR: Cambodia

Human Rights Council

Cambodia

Complete

Cambodia

Forced evictions and other violations of the right to adequate housing.

None

Cambodia

None

Cambodia

Failures in legislative development and in international development assistance to adequately protect housing rights Accompanied negotiations to attempt addressing the power imbalance between victims of forced eviction and perpetrators.

Passed admissibility stage. Decision on whether or not to proceed with full inspection is pending. Ongoing

The issue of forced evictions and housing and land rights generally is reflected in the recommendations. All recommendations were accepted by Government. Case will likely proceed. Has focused donor attention on the issue of forced evictions and the nexus with international development assistance.

Request for Inspection

Cambodia LMAP case

World Bank Inspection Panel

Meetings and consultation

Cambodia Legislative Development

Negotiation

Dey Krahorm and Reak Reay

Complete

Staff at the Ministry of Land Management began to use human rights language, including explicit reference to the right to adequate housing, in discussions and in policy documents. Evictions could not be prevented, but capacity of communities was built and lessons learned on the part of NGOs and communities that will be useful for future work.

Indonesia Amicus Curiae

Papanggo case

District Court, North Jakarta

Indonesia

Forced eviction.

On appeal

Lost in the court of first instance. On appeal. Built capacity of COHRE partners to use international human rights law in domestic litigation.

Connections between women’s housing, land and property rights violations and violence against women.

Completed

The WHRP was able to ensure that women’s housing rights issues were incorporated in the report of the Special Rapporteur, particularly with respect to development-based forced evictions and gender violence.

Women, urbanization and slums, and women's housing rights in the context of domestic violence.

Completed

The WHRP presented conclusions of our study on Women, Urbanisation and Slums, and introduced our domestic violence research.

Women's housing, land and property rights inclusion in UN-HABITAT’s Gender Equality Action Plan.

Completed, with ongoing discussions with UN-HABITAT on implementation.

WHRP’s participation contributed a prioritisation of land and housing as a key area for 2009, including the focus on review of laws on housing and land access for women.

Women & Housing Rights Programme Participation in expert discussion on “The Political Economy of Violence against Women”

UN Special Rapporteur on Violence against Women, its Causes and Consequences

Participation in workshop on “Women, Housing Rights and ESC rights: Obstacles and challenges for their effective implementation in Latin America.” Development of UNHABITAT Gender Equality Action Plan

WSF 2009

UN-HABITAT

Argentina, Brazil and Colombia

High-level side event held on “Inheritance, Land and Housing Rights for Women: A Mitigation Strategy for HIV and AIDS.”

UN CSW

Women’s housing rights within the context of HIV/AIDS.

Coordination of "Strategies to Advance Women’s Economic, Social and Cultural Rights within United Nations Human Rights

Expert Group Meeting (coordinated by WHRP)

This meeting provided an opportunity to take stock of advances in the area of women’s ESC rights, and discuss with key partners in the field how

Completed, with NGO/donor coalition working together on an ongoing basis. [This event was held in collaboration with the Open Society Institute (OSI), Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA) Malawi, The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the Huairou Commission, and the Leitner Center for International Law and Justice.] Completed

As a result of this ongoing work, a consortium of NGOs, IGOs and other experts have come together, committing themselves to continue work on this issue, and adopting a common advocacy agenda for work in future years, including the drafting of a Manual on Women's Housing, Land and Property Rights within the Context of HIV/AIDS.

As a result of this work, WHRP has begun working with its partners ESCR-Net and IWRAW-Asia and Pacific to coordinate a thematic briefing at CEDAW in January 2010 on women’s ESC rights and to develop a longer term strategy aimed at joint advocacy work at 49

Mechanisms."

Participation in UNHABITAT's Expert Group Meeting in Nairobi, Kenya to discuss the first draft of 8 Quick Guides for Policy Makers on Housing the Poor for African Cities.

UN-HABITAT

protections of these rights can be further strengthened in the future as a result of shared advocacy strategies and priorities. The aim of this meeting was to discuss and adapt the 8 Quick Guides to suit the African context, as well as to identify areas of adjustments and recommend sources for case studies, keeping in mind the geographic balance.

CEDAW and the CESCR.

Completed

WHRP contributed to the Guide on forced evictions, made recommendations for the improvement of the Quick Guides (including making them more reflective of womenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s rights), provided sources of case studies, and generated possible strategies for disseminating and utilizing the Quick Guides.

Annex IV Financial Report 2009

COHRE Combined Balance Sheet 31 December 2009

Note

2009 in Euro

2008 in Euro

ASSETS Non-current assets Tangible fixed assets Foundation constitution costs Current assets Accounts Receivable Prepaid Expenses Programs Advances

Cash at reserve accounts Cash at bank and in hand

2,213 2,487

889,826 6,079 0

4 5

Total Assets

10,539 4,700

3,335

13,874

895,905

1,104,734 22,436 32,128

1,159,297

20,632 639,987

54,959 218,032

1,561,224

1,446,162

LIABILITIES Current liabilities Accounts Payable Payable to Regional Partner Credit Card Uncleared cheques Accrued Expenses Deferred income Social security liabilities

60,849 72,955 0 0 0 714,717 0

848,522

65,270 0 2,411 8,731 58,991 1,115,959 6,458

1,257,821

Total current liabilities Unrealized loss on exchange

Equity Funds at the end of the year Total liabilities & equity

2,181

712,702

186,160

1,561,224

1,446,162

COHRE Combined Statement of Income and Expenditure For the year ended 31 December 2009 Note

Income Grant income Unrestricted Temporarily restricted Sale of publications (Loss)/gain on investments Realized exchange gain Miscellaneous income Miscellaneous reimbursements Unrealized exchange gain

2009 In Euro

0 2,229,580

2008 In Euro

2,229,580 0 -12,938 0 1,522 27,306 6,965

517,803 1,503,287

2,021,090 202 -6,306 5,855 22 0 0

Total Income

2,252,435

2,020,862

Expenditure Activity-related costs Project staffing & staff related Direct programme Printing & publishing Travel Total activity-related costs

862,408 366,897 24,497 79,415 1,333,217

1,135,162 553,487 82,681 42,156 1,813,486

Overhead/office costs Office costs Rent & utilities Secretarial/administration/IT Communications Office insurance Bank fees Legal, accounting & auditing Office supplies Postage & shipping Other Depreciation Total overhead/office costs

61,698 17,858 28,415 4,585 20,852 131,876 15,762 23,580 3,219

Total expenditure

1,652,682

Unrealized exchange loss at year end Exceptional year end adjustments

Excess of income over expenditure

231,828 13,524 245,352 2,058,838

36,600 9

Exceptional expenses previous years Exchange loss/(gain) on conversion

307,846 11,619 319,465

53,143 17,201 26,282 3,239 8,473 74,588 36,195 10,258 2,447

-19,152 15,933

39,830

-49,007

526,542

11,032

COHRE 2009 prg code

Budget to Actual (Expenses)

Programme

in EUROS Budget

Actual

Balance

% of Budget

Intl Secretariat 01

Staff Costs

358,353.00

Media Unit

67,997.00

52,713.19

15,283.81

Support Costs

74,998.00 501,348.00

232,275.98 580,768.50

-157,277.98 -78,957.24

Staff Costs

60,040.00

10,063.06

49,976.94

Project Costs

21,282.00

1,801.61

19,480.39

Support Costs sub-total (02)

0.00 81,322.00

0.00 11,864.67

0.00 69,457.33

14.59%

Sub-total Intl Secretariat

582,670.00

592,633.17

-9,499.91

101.71%

67,000.00

9,113.72

57,886.28

Project Costs

101,850.00

13,182.78

88,667.22

Support Costs

15,000.00 183,850.00

9,673.28 31,969.78

5,326.72 152,343.48

Staff Costs

138,047.00

111,084.22

26,962.78

Project Costs

161,800.00

119,387.50

42,412.50

Support Costs Sub-total Latin America Programme

21,520.00 321,367.00

25,996.74 256,468.46

-4,476.74 65,361.80

Staff Costs

28,788.00

84,241.20

-55,453.20

Project Costs

54,891.00

32,838.24

22,052.76

5,224.00 88,903.00

12,308.83 129,388.27

-7,084.83 -40,022.01

137,601.00

78,686.11

58,914.89

78,269.00

38,100.81

40,168.19

34,823.00 250,693.00

6,066.48 122,853.40

28,756.52 128,299.86

103,862.00

42,461.14

61,400.86

Project Costs

51,138.00

9,594.70

41,543.30

Support Costs

3,500.00 158,500.00

3,151.69 55,207.53

348.31 103,755.73

Staff Costs

50,211.00

50,255.16

-44.16

Project Costs

49,168.00

39,104.51

10,063.49

Support Costs

3,400.00

3,062.98

337.02

102,779.00

92,422.65

10,819.61

147,778.00

95,829.45

51,948.55

Project Costs

61,721.00

22,559.16

39,161.84

Support Costs

24,372.00 233,871.00

4,384.47 122,773.08

19,987.53 111,561.18

80,600.00

90,927.88

-10,327.88

153,185.00

136,932.57

16,252.43

2,500.00

4,460.60

-1,960.60

Sub-total Africa Programme

Project Costs Support Costs Sub-total Sri Lanka Programme

Sub-total GFEP Programme

34.83%

Litigation Prgm

Sub-total Litigation Programme

89.92%

R2Water Prgm Staff Costs

Sub-total R2Water Programme 10

49.01%

GFEP Staff Costs

145.54%

Sri Lanka Prgm Staff Costs

79.81%

Asia Prgm

Sub-total Asia Programme

17.39%

Americas Prgm

Support Costs 06

115.84%

Africa Prgm Staff Costs

62,573.67

Project Costs sub-total (01) 02

295,779.33

52.50%

WHRP Staff Costs Project Costs Support Costs Sub-total WHR Programme TOTAL

236,285.00

232,321.05

4,427.21

98.32%

2,158,918.00

1,636,037.42

527,046.95

75.78%

Donor

Grant No. REVENUE Deferred Income-A (balances carried forward) Grants Receivable-A Grants Receivable-B

ACCD 1

ACCD 2

Amnesty Intl

AJWS

Anonymous

Both Ends

CIDA

Cordaid GS 2009

Cordaid GS 2008

Cordaid Africa

001

002

003

004

005

006

007

008

009

010

011

8,200.54 29,854.40 98,135.10

New Grant Income Received

65,908.99

6,478.77

22,194.88

28,973.69

168,497.25 40,714.31

2,500.00

49,846.90

106,778.96

12,375.00

170,000.00

Deferred Income-B

150,000.00

Grants Receivable-C

85,410.00

50,000.00

5,500.00

TOTAL REVENUES

221,600.04

90,714.31

8,000.00

49,846.90

65,908.99

213,593.74

12,375.00

174,976.02

320,000.00

22,194.88

78,973.69

TOTAL INCOME (AVAILABLE FOR 2009 ACTIVITIES)

136,190.04

40,714.31

2,500.00

49,846.90

65,908.99

106,778.96

12,375.00

174,976.02

170,000.00

22,194.88

28,973.69

EXPENSE STAFF Costs PROJECT Costs SUPPORT Costs

47,023.33 72,483.32 16,683.39

38,273.83 34,967.48 15,260.81

6,978.07 205.38 816.55

24,327.51 5,953.87 8,912.12

46,251.46 11,703.75 7,953.78

32,194.02 14,600.68 11,798.21

5,693.80 115.95 6,565.26

95,171.00 31,702.03 48,102.99

73,711.37 31,339.52 47,740.19

18,054.98 1,954.47 2,185.42

4,834.61 2,065.93 7,178.70

Total Expenses in 2009

136,190.04

88,502.12

8,000.00

39,193.50

65,908.99

58,592.91

12,375.00

174,976.02

152,791.08

22,194.88

14,079.24

0.00

-47,787.81

-5,500.00

10,653.40

0.00

48,186.05

0.00

17,208.92

0.00

14,894.45

0.00

-47,787.81

-5,500.00

10,653.40

0.00

48,186.05

0.00

167,208.92

0.00

14,894.45

Grants Receivable at 31 Dec 2009

85,410.00

50,000.00

5,500.00

0.00

106,814.78

0.00

50,000.00

Fund Balance

85,410.00

2,212.19

0.00

10,653.40

0.00

155,000.83

0.00

167,208.92

0.00

64,894.45

Total Unspent Balance at 31 Dec 2009 Deferred Income TOTAL at 31 Dec 2009

Income Deferred to 2011

106,814.78

50,000.00

53,407.39

Donor

Grant No. REVENUE Deferred Income-A (balances carried forward) Grants Receivable-A Grants Receivable-B

Richardson 2008

EC-EU Sri Lanka

Finland MFA

Ford Fndtn

ICCO

Luxembourg MFA 2008

Luxembourg MFA 2009

McKnight Fndtn

012

016

017

018

021

022

023

024

6,221.39

9,909.42

8,013.68

2,375.47

71,209.86

New Grant Income Received

54,138.24

Misereor/ KZE

Norway MFA 2009

027

030

18,997.82

16,020.00

19,710.23

120,000.00

40,000.00

Deferred Income-B

14,241.97

Grants Receivable-C

Min of Cities (Brazil)

81,463.76

100,000.00

144,008.96 14,078.74 37,191.00

62,500.00

TOTAL REVENUES

2,375.47

135,602.00

100,000.00

91,673.22

9,909.42

8,013.68

40,000.00

52,786.79

37,191.00

198,520.00

144,008.96

TOTAL INCOME (AVAILABLE FOR 2009 ACTIVITIES)

2,375.47

54,138.24

0.00

77,431.25

9,909.42

8,013.68

40,000.00

38,708.05

0.00

136,020.00

144,008.96

EXPENSE STAFF Costs PROJECT Costs SUPPORT Costs

1,201.83 98.60 1,075.04

19,403.07 12,063.05 7,843.52

24,803.74 7,028.97 3,166.84

42,037.56 5,230.53 38,010.39

1,296.52 6,706.60 1,906.30

2,540.96 373.44 5,099.28

15,491.47 6,319.65 8,188.88

17,907.03 12,133.82 5,631.73

122,189.73 25,434.67 41,820.23

62,643.83 4,921.31 11,304.38

Total Expenses in 2009

2,375.47

39,309.64

34,999.54

85,278.48

9,909.42

8,013.68

30,000.00

35,672.58

0.00

189,444.63

78,869.52

0.00

14,828.60

-34,999.54

-7,847.23

0.00

10,000.00

3,035.47

0.00

-53,424.63

65,139.44

Deferred Income TOTAL at 31 Dec 2009

0.00

14,828.60

-34,999.54

6,394.74

0.00

10,000.00

17,114.21

-53,424.63

65,139.44

Grants Receivable at 31 Dec 2009

0.00

81,463.76

100,000.00

0.00

37,191.00

62,500.00

0.00

Fund Balance

0.00

96,292.36

65,000.46

6,394.74

0.00

10,000.00

17,114.21

37,191.00

9,075.37

65,139.44

Total Unspent Balance at 31 Dec 2009

Income Deferred to 2011

16,950.00

Donor

Grant No.

OSI Roma

OSI Burma

OSI oPt

Oxfam SL

Sida GS

Sida WLLA

Sida SRAH

Spain MFA GS

Spain MFA WHRi

UN Habitat R2W

UN Habitat ESCR-Q

032

033

054

034

038

039

052

040

041

042

043

REVENUE Deferred Income-A (balances carried forward) Grants Receivable-A Grants Receivable-B

9,120.00

New Grant Income Received

30,000.00

6,872.00

88,146.13 92,768.00

7,120.99

8,988.00

30,324.69

58,641.32

96,658.00

Deferred Income-B

6,948.71

32,044.43

149,141.12

Grants Receivable-C

30,000.00

74,770.35

22,075.06

TOTAL REVENUES

69,120.00

7,120.99

58,641.32

6,872.00

92,768.00

267,611.94

96,658.00

8,988.00

6,948.71

106,814.78

22,075.06

TOTAL INCOME (AVAILABLE FOR 2009 ACTIVITIES)

39,120.00

7,120.99

58,641.32

6,872.00

92,768.00

118,470.82

96,658.00

8,988.00

6,948.71

32,044.43

0.00

EXPENSE STAFF Costs PROJECT Costs SUPPORT Costs

19,349.61 36,914.43 3,134.23

1,948.26 4,353.28 819.44

0.00 0.00

459.11 1,508.47 1,297.10

45,634.59 6,190.50 40,942.90

27,126.40 81,881.14 9,463.28

0.00 0.00

4,452.31 553.22 3,982.47

4,109.09 1,705.18 1,134.43

Total Expenses in 2009

59,398.26

7,120.99

0.00

3,264.68

92,768.00

118,470.82

0.00

8,988.00

6,948.71

0.00

22,368.72

Total Unspent Balance at 31 Dec 2009

-20,278.26

0.00

58,641.32

3,607.32

0.00

96,658.00

0.00

32,044.43

-22,368.72

Deferred Income TOTAL at 31 Dec 2009

-20,278.26

0.00

58,641.32

3,607.32

0.00

149,141.12

96,658.00

0.00

32,044.43

-22,368.72

Grants Receivable at 31 Dec 2009

30,000.00

0.00

74,770.35

22,075.06

9,721.74

0.00

58,641.32

0.00

149,141.12

96,658.00

0.00

106,814.78

-293.66

Fund Balance Income Deferred to 2011

18,161.75 504.80 3,702.17

29,084.00

Donor

Grant No.

British FCO

Oxfam UK

BABSEA

050

051

053

BMZ

ARD/ USAID 056

COHRE 2009 TOTAL

REVENUE Deferred Income-A (balances carried forward) Grants Receivable-A Grants Receivable-B New Grant Income Received

306,420.78 29,854.40 600,645.13 24,815.68

4,982.00

1,068.15

23,954.57

Deferred Income-B

906,596.21 327,461.83

Grants Receivable-C

TOTAL REVENUES

24,815.68

4,714.00

712.10

100,000.00

79,679.27

890,830.32

9,696.00

1,780.25

100,000.00

103,633.84

0.00 3,061,808.66 0.00

TOTAL INCOME (AVAILABLE FOR 2009 ACTIVITIES)

24,815.68

4,982.00

1,068.15

12,805.29 8,123.59 1,358.73

3,553.00 1,867.95 1,151.11

1,031.83 0.00 0.00

22,287.61

6,572.06

1,031.83

2,528.07

-1,590.06

36.32

2,528.07

-1,590.06

36.32

0.00

4,714.00

712.10

3,123.94

748.42

0.00

23,954.57

1,843,516.51

141.00 0.00 0.00

840,801.96 431,005.58 364,229.88

0.00

141.00

1,636,037.42

0.00

23,813.57

207,479.09

23,813.57

714,718.24

100,000.00

79,679.27

890,830.32

100,000.00

103,492.84

1,419,635.85

6,909.00

106,350.39

EXPENSE STAFF Costs PROJECT Costs SUPPORT Costs Total Expenses in 2009 Total Unspent Balance at 31 Dec 2009 Deferred Income TOTAL at 31 Dec 2009 Grants Receivable at 31 Dec 2009 Fund Balance Income Deferred to 2011