Man the Measurer The AmlltrMdl: T h i s - -
ment, still a popular unit lor lilh
lhal get-y. kncMn •the 'fMdm' by the early Saxona. The 11m1 ~ into laltlom, a dl*'<:e ol ... feel , cunenlty Ul8d 10 ,_,.the depth ol
.......
"'-'"": This lathe~
~the outltrW:hed ltlumb and lillie finger . . . . . . . . . and you'H lind your epen Ia wry cloee to hall a cubll. or jual under 23 cenlimatfwa. So lor " - I!)IICn 100 dllllcuiiiO
- a with your elbow, a double-epen wUI work lual• well.
The Cubit: According to the Old T........,.., Nc!M--...clhis 1111< by the cubit, the~ ~the elbow and the llpol the rniddla finger. Though , . , . varied lrom lime to lima, a cubit uaually COIIIidenld equal to 24flngelwidh, ... palma Ot two..,.,.. If you~ an -age-etzad cubit you may lind It handy lor -.wing lhinga 18 inc:hea (or jual under 48 centimeiNa) in langltl. The Hllnd: Hoi to ba contuaad will! lhel!*l, the hand ia . . widll ol four cloead ....... and altlumb 11'111111 Ul8d lor _ . . . . . .. (One hand eQIM four incha) Coincldlnlally. . . hand Ia --ubly c1oee 10 a dac:lmelnJ, or one _..olaftiiiiN .
._ _
............._ , _ , lnAnglo-Saon
Eftgland land- - . . . d wilhac:hein,wtlicft--
A--IIMMI• ..... ___ _
ollanaJaPe,lln.,...... olllmlllnd tO
long.
c:halna long a tunawlong-orturiGnf. Aleld
11n cllllna long and one alliin
The'"-= In Roman meaauremenl, a step equalled two and a hall Roman fael. A double· llap Ot pace COYetad live feet . One lhouMnd pacea Ot 5,000 Roman feet- kncMn u a "mille~",
from which came lhe English word, " mile"
The Foot: This e a r l y - menl ranged in liZe lrom 11 V. to 13 inchaa. Charternegna inttoduced a unit ol12.7 inchaa, llllli4lwd to have bean baNd on the lila ol his own fool. II'a ~lhalthe
12-lnch Imperial foot Ul8d in Canada
originated no1 with a fool, but an arm. " ''one third ola yard which is balievad 10 have bean dMamlinacl by the...,_ ~the
noaaandlhe
thumb-tip on the oue.trelched ann ol Klllg Hanty I.
The first measuring instrument known to man was man himself. For centuries, size was determined by the hand, foot. flngerwidth or armstretch. But, alas, all men are not created equal. A small fellow's armstretch could easily be a far less generous unit than one measured by somebody larger. Even social stature once boosted the confusion. Legend has it that the Egyptian pharaoh, Menes, anxious to have no rivalry among his lords, decreed that they should all live In houses of equal size. The main room could be no more than 10 by 10 cubits. For building his own house,however, Menes nimbly introduced the Royal Cubit, about 15 percent larger than regular size. It should surprise no one to learn that 'pharaoh' originally meant 'great house'; later, it referred to the person who lived there.
11 Y2 present-day inches. But when Rome collapsed, standard units gave way to palms and paces of varying dimensions. By the 1700's some 200 different sized feet were known.
you'll see why Csnada Is now converting to the Systeme International d'Unita (Sf), better known as the Metric System, used by over 90 percent of the world.
How far we've advanced since then is a matter of frequent debate. The Imperial gallon used in Canada is larger than the Queen Anne gallon still used in the United States. The U.S. fluid ounce, on the other hand, is bigger than ours. A ton weighs 2,000 pounds In Canada, 2,240 in Britain. A few years ago, a shrinkage problem in the official Imperial bronze yard made the British inch a hair smaller than the American. Canada's inch, based on another standard, measured somewhere between the other two.
To help you get used to metric measurement. we're producing this series of posters in the hope that when your needs tum to steel, you'll perliap6 tum to us. No one around here wiH use an armstretch. fingefwidth or palm to service your order.
Dominion Bridge ... ntEI
The Roman Empire had common standards of measurement, based on a foot measuring about
Chaotic? Indeed. But add to this a bewildering array of firkins, hogshead, kilderkins and pecks, and
A full measure of service since 1882
But we promise we will use our head.
Steel Service Centre -~
When lTUin at lut began to uplort
~7:d~:s~\;st~~a:~1~~~~~~i~~~d~ the forms of f1sh and birds. He built gractful,tlsh¡$hapedhullswithkeelsJnd rudders to act as lins,Jnd Jbove them, he set sJilsi nthesbJpeofwings.
39
ENTER
LI0 N LEAVE
LAMB
REST AREA 1 MONTH
59
MARTIN/WILLIAMS
Newspaper ad for Northrup King lawn supplies . Ed Deslauriers , writer; Tom Weyl , art director. Below and right: folder, store hanger and ad for a Bicentennial -oriented seed promotion . Sandy Bucholtz, writer; Su e Croli ck, art director; Pete Bast ianson , artist. TV commercial for Northrup King lawn seed . Off camera voice : " Looking a little middle-aged? No, let's just talk about the lawn for now. A few weeds , some worn and bare spots ... and before long it looks middle-aged . Give it some new life .. . some vitality. Add some Fast & Fine lawn seed from Northrup King . It conta ins Penfine , the new fine-leafed ryegrass that penetrates even compacted soi lcomes up nearly 70 % faster than bluegrass . Get your middle-aged lawn back in shape with Fast & Fine . . And then get to work on that gut. " Ed Deslauriers , writer; Tom Weyl , art director.
But givethanb,dearrtader,thereis morehopeforrestorin&&rall thanhair. Hair seedsareatillinadevelopmental stage,while NorthrupKinghasachie:vedastateolnear perfection with their a:rau seed blend fo r
There areal least two cures for this accursed lawn malady, Since! the first one involvts disposing of the dog, we will move quickly to theRCOndcure ... an application of Fast & Fine grass seed. It will probably interest you very little to learn that Fast & Fine is a blend of Kentucky Bluegrass, fine feKUeandfi.ne-leafedperennialryqragcaJJed NK-200. It may interest you to know t hat Fast&Finewillfillinbare spotsquicklyand
~der,compactedlawns.
Onceagain,it'a ourf~nd.Fast&Fine ,
with gra~~e~ that can break th rough compactediOilandt.akerootasnatureintended. Indeed, the rootlo!the variety we lovingly refertoas NK-200canpenetratecompacted 10iltoadepthofl2 tol8inchesineearchof vital nourishment and understanding.
blend~auti!ullywiththesurroundinggrass.
Y ouknowtheheartbreakofcheaplcrtilizers ... a ninstantflaah ofrreenfo.llowed clolely by a period ofalmoet complete inactivity. This need never happen to you and your lawnaslongaathertremainawfficient
MILLIONS CLAIM RELIEF. Our own agronomists are 10 certain of theefficacyofthistreatment, they have allowed ustopubliaha money-back guarantee uponthefaceofthepackage.
Fast&Fine
$3~·-""''"""'13.96 Noneftnerutheprict.
Plant a little
lUstory
InY9urown
baCkyard.
76
~r~~~~'!i!:oo~;·· · ~~~~~ ~i!~r:::·~:or~~ • Wherever reputa ble a'ronomiat agather, moat
ina-.unllaa thefactthat itache:mical rat~iscloleto that Mothe.rNatureherx)( provideainrichiOil.
Golf Brand Lawn Food
$74li =. ~:.:;,~lb.
f
• .
f
The gr.and debate has raged down through years dividina neighbon-evt.n families. Undmiably, there are imlanl rewards in the laying oltod ; but, ultimately, we must tide with the ~ted xhool ol thought. Especially, now that our GOLF BRAND Lawn Setd contains two new atrains of Kentucky Bluegnue (Aquila and Par.ide by name) which are poiiiD8ed ol remarkable illia.Towit : Aquilo has remarkable persistence, may be mowed short « Mlng, and retains iu deep rreen color throughout the wmmer months. PfiTad& comes up faster than moet bluetra.S8el ; and, as itt name would indkate, is h.iVdy 1'6istant to foot traffic. A summary of the aeed/tod debate follows :
SOD
SEED
Taka33roUatoequal llb.of an• -s.
Sdlalor ~ orlftlthepriceofwxl
~:J~~~i~:~faithbutan
~~~~~andfaith
Sometimacurltatthecomtn.
Doe.noc.turlupattheCOI"Mn.
for ame covtnrt.
~~==r~~::·
~~~=r~' '""' GoliBrandLawnSeed IV'745 vI ..u...a,a.45
Grow pumpkins like the~ did.
VANS
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As unique and sometimes outrageous as the exteriors may be, the interiors are frequently more so. This hobby-and often it could better be termed an obsession-is not inexpensive. The average is on the upside of a $6 to $12 thousand range plus hundreds of hours of personal work.
85
HENRY STEINER
1973 annual report for The Hongkong and Shangha i Hotels Limited featured pastry models of the hotels. The front and back covers show some of the tools used by the chefs of the Peninsula bakery who produced the rep li cas . The Peninsu la, with its dist inct ive courtyard founta in, and the entrance of the gracious Repulse Bay Hote l are shown here. Photography by Derek Dutton . Right: the 1974 report featured personnel of the hotels. Photography by Clic Studios Ltd . The 1975 report shows architectural and interior details from the hotels. Photography by John Nye. The company also owns The Peak Tower. Restaurant menus incorporate the view and The Peak Tower mark.
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