The “Discovery” of Lake Tahoe –Part 1
By Mark McLaughlin
The men in Lieutenant John Charles Frémont’s command were a bit confused. They had spent the spring and summer of 1843 trekking west into the Oregon Territory (Pacific Northwest), exploring and mapping as they went. Their orders seemed clear enough. Survey the Oregon Trail by carrying a line of astronomical and barometric observations through to the Columbia River (for a possible transcontinental railroad route), and then retrace their steps back to Missouri. Why then had Frémont ordered his scruffy band of mountain men to head south, down along the eastern side of the Cascades and the Sierra Nevada on their return from the Pacific?
Although Frémont’s motives will probably always remain a bit of a mystery, he
was most likely following orders from his father-in-law, Senator Thomas H. Benton. Senator Benton, one of the most politically powerful men in Washington, was an ardent expansionist and strong proponent of Manifest Destiny. Two years before, in 1841, Frémont had fallen in love with Senator Benton’s 16-year-old daughter Jessie, and despite heated objections by her parents, John and Jessie were soon married. Later, the senator chose his new son-in-law, a topographical engineer, as point man for the U.S. government’s ongoing strategy of westward expansion, which included military aggression against, and forced land acquisition from, Mexico. California would be the greatest prize of all, but to get it Senator Benton wanted Frémont to gather detailed knowledge of the western landscape, and if possible, Mexican troop strength.
In his report, Frémont mentioned that he was searching for the Buenaventura River, a mythical ribbon of water that purportedly drained west from the Rocky Mountains and flowed all the way
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Pyramid Lake, a desert lake of unusual beauty and the terminus of the Truckee River, was discovered and named by John C. Fremont in January 1844. Fremont wrote: “The sheet of green water broke upon our eyes like the ocean.” The pyramid-shaped rock is a quarter of a mile around the base and an estimated 200 gallons of boiling water gush from its crevices each minute.
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to the San Francisco Bay. The erroneous belief in the nonexistent Buenaventura River, as well as other crucial misconceptions of the region, would be corrected by Frémont’s expedition. As the men explored what today is western Nevada, it quickly became obvious that the Sierra Nevada range blocked the possibility of any westbound river from reaching the Pacific Ocean. There were an assortment of maps of the region available before 1843, but ultimately it was Frémont’s explorations that produced the first reliable maps of the West and placed Western cartography on a scientific foundation. Frémont was also the first to comprehend that all the rivers in this region of the country fail to reach the sea and evaporate in desert sinks, inspiring him to name it the “Great Basin.”
Considered the preeminent explorer of the uncharted American West, Lieutenant John Charles Fremont was known nationally as the “Pathfinder” although one biographer more correctly called him the “Pathmarker.” Photo Courtesy Library of Congress.
Frémont’s abilities at mapping the wilderness left a legacy of noted topographic landmarks in the far West. Frémont and his band of hardy men, which included the famous scouts Christopher “Kit” Carson and Thomas “Broken Hand” Fitzpatrick, spent December 1843 wandering south through present-day northwestern Nevada. Frémont’s mission was ostensibly scientific, but it had taken on a decidedly militaristic character due to an imposing wheelmounted, 12-pound mountain howitzer they hauled along with them. Frémont had requisitioned the cannon as protection against Indian attack. The
weapon proved to be more of a burden than an asset. It was only fired to celebrate holidays. Frémont wrote, “We were roused, on Christmas morning, by a discharge from the small arms and howitzer. Always, on days of religious or national commemoration, our voyageurs expect some unusual allowance; and, having nothing else, I gave to them each a little brandy, which with some coffee and sugar was sufficient to make them a feast.”
When the expedition reached the body of water at the terminus of the Truckee River, Frémont named it Pyramid Lake in honor of the triangle-shaped rock island located on the lake’s eastern side. When he observed monstrous 40 pound Lahontan cutthroat trout swimming in Pyramid Lake’s feeder stream, he called it the “Salmon Trout River,” later re-named the Truckee by the Stephens Party in 1844. Near Pyramid Lake Frémont met the friendly Paiute
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20 Years later adventurers wade there horses into the waters of Fallen Leaf Lake at the base of Mount Talac. 1866.
Photo Courtesy Library of Congress
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Indian, Chief Truckee, who explained that if they followed this river they would come to a lake. Cross the mountains (Sierra Nevada) and the men would reach two rivers flowing west. Chief Truckee was describing the Truckee River, Donner Lake or Lake Tahoe, and the American and Yuba rivers. But unlike the Stephens Party, which took Chief Truckee’s advice and successfully followed these river systems west into the Sacramento Valley, Lt. Frémont ordered his men south, along the eastern escarpment of the Sierra Nevada range.
New Year’s Day 1844 came and went with Frémont and his twenty-three men struggling through the bleak and frigid landscape, with the gloom of a persistent pogonip (frozen fog) obliterating the horizon. Frémont wrote, “The result of our journey began to be very uncertain; the country was singularly unfavorable to travel; the grasses being frequently of a very unwholesome character, and the hoofs of our animals were so worn and cut by the
rocks, that many of them were lame, and could scarcely be got along.” At that point, Frémont realized that there was no way the animals could make it back to the Rocky Mountains so he decided to cross the Sierra Nevada into California.
In his search for a pass over the Sierra, Frémont led his men as far south as Bridgeport Valley, crossing the Carson and Walker rivers. (Frémont named the Carson for his guide Kit.) Despite the dangerous weather conditions in the mountains, Lt. Frémont was determined to cross the mountains. One old Indian warned them that, “Even if you get over the snow, you will not be able to get down from the mountain.” Another Native who had been hired as a guide deserted. Undeterred, Frémont directed his men to fabricate snowshoes modeled after the design used by the local Indians; a simple hoop, about a foot in diameter and the interior space filled with an open network of bark. Their first attempt into the mountains followed the Walker River, but the rugged and broken country made the trip impossible. On January 29, the heavy cannon was abandoned on the west fork of the Walker. Due to the extreme difficulty of this route, Frémont consulted with a few Indians who then led the expedition to the east fork of the Carson River where they camped for the night. While there, other Indians approached the camp to inform Frémont that it was “six sleeps to the place where the whites lived,” but that the journey could only be made in summer.
6 March 2023 Northwoods Tahoe
Look for the second and final part of Mark McLaughlin’s article in the Spring 2023 issue of Northwoods Tahoe.
Outerwear and snowshoes of the late 1800’s and early 1900’s.
Photo Courtesy of Library of Congress
KINDA STUBBORN
ORIGINAL OIL ON CANVAS
TERI SWEENEY
BRICK TAKES CENTER STAGE: Strong, Stylish Spring Home Upgrades
Springtime is a perfect opportunity for homeowners to begin planning renovations to enhance the interior and exterior of their living space. Because of its strong performance capabilities, low maintenance and design flexibility, brick is a popular building material choice when looking to improve or refresh your home in time for warm-weather hosting season.
Often selected for its functional benefits, brick is available in a wide array of colors, textures and sizes that can match varying design styles, from modern to traditional and almost everything between. If you’re considering adding brick to your home’s aesthetic, consider these five projects to tackle this spring from the experts at GlenGery, one of the largest brick and stone manufacturers in North America.
Basement or patio bar - As homeowners spend more time at home, they often look to maximize livable space. One way to take advantage of unused living space is building a basement or patio bar, which provides an area
for entertaining. Using an exposed brick wall can help designate the bar area and separate it from the rest of the basement, or lining a bar counter with brick can create a rustic contrast against the bar’s seating.
Fireplace - To change the look and feel of a room almost instantly, you can use brick to give a fireplace a facelift or make it a focal point of your home. Available in a variety of colors and textures, Glen-Gery’s diverse, premium portfolio of more than 600 brick and stone products can elevate your living room’s style in a big way and create a more inviting area to share with family and friends. An outdoor fireplace is another option for extending livable space in a cozy way that can be used throughout the year.
Accent wall - Create a statement in or outside your home with a brick accent wall. Accent walls can help bring color, texture and beauty to homes by breaking up the monotony of monochromatic color or decor, creating visual interest and dimension. While brick in a running bond pattern is expected, you can spice up rooms with an unexpected bond pattern like a stacked bond for modern appeal or herringbone for a rustic look.
Kitchen backsplash - One of the most overlooked areas of kitchen design is the backsplash. While its job is to protect your kitchen walls from the never-ending assault of
8 March 2023 Northwoods Tahoe
kitchen splatters, there’s no reason it can’t look good, too. Brick backsplashes can accommodate most home designs and styles thanks to the versatility of shapes, colors, finishes and sizes available.
Black or white glazed brick works well with more modern kitchens while irregular brick containing an abundance of texture and a messy mortar application can complete rustic farmhouse kitchens. An option like Glen-Gery’s virtual design tool, Picture Perfect, can help you visualize projects in your home to see what fits your style and needs.
Brick skirt - For added curb appeal, consider adding a brick skirt around the foundation of your home. Given its resilient, durable and energy-efficient qualities, brick can help provide better insulation and protection while also adding visual appeal to the exterior of your home through texture, color and contrast. The skirting can also continue through to the front porch floor and steps, helping balance out the elevation of your home.
For more inspiration for your next home renovation project, visit glengery.com.
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TRUCKEE
MAR 26, 2023
SIERRA SKOGSLOPPET XC FUN SKI RACE
https://www.tahoedonner.com/events/
This fun race is organized by Truckee High and Alder Creek Middle School cross country ski teams as a fundraiser. 100% of proceeds go to help support the teams. Entering a fun race is a great way to challenge yourself and to be in to win some great swag! Participants can choose from 15km, 7.5km or 3km races. More details on the courses and how to register coming soon. Races are for all ages and abilities. Participants will receive a pancake brunch and be entered into a raffle drawing for some great prizes donated by friends, families and businesses that support the school teams.
JUN 24, 2023
TRUCKEE TAHOE AIR SHOW & FAMILY FESTIVAL
www.truckeetahoeairshow.com
It took a passion for aviation, educating children about aviation, and for the Truckee North Tahoe Community to bring a relatively small group of volunteers and sponsors together on July 7, 2012, to produce, after a 16-year hiatus, the Truckee Tahoe AirFair & Family Festival. Now the event is a fullblown air show with world-renowned performers and speakers.On Saturday, June 24 9 a.m. - 4 p.m.the event will feature a family festival filled with kids’ activities and musical/puppet show performances. Vendors line the ramp along with airplane static displays and docents.
NORTH LAKE TAHOE
MAR 31 - APR 2, 2023
WINTERWONDERGRASS PALISADES TAHOE
APR 22-23, 2023
WFA COURSE
https://medtreksinternational.com/trips/ tahoe-wilderness-first-aid-certification-course/
Our Wilderness First Aid course is designed to provide an individual with an introduction to wilderness medicine and the basic skills to treat the most common injuries and illnesses encountered in the wilderness. This program is appropriate for entry level professional guides and other non-medical people who want some basic understanding of wilderness medicine. This WFA course is 2 days, equaling approximately 20 hours of contact time. After taking this course you will be familiar with some of the most common backcountry problems. Upon course completion, students will earn both the WFA and CPR/BLS plus AED certifications, which are valid for two years.
MARCH TO JUNE CALENDAR OF EVENTS
EDITOR’S NOTE:
Click or tap on any event to go to the event’s website. The information in the calendar is up to date as of time of publishing. Please verify details of events as changes can occur.
APR 30, 2023
https://www.palisadestahoe.com/events-andactivities/events-calendar/winterwondergrass-tahoe
In majestic Lake Tahoe for the 7th year of WinterWonderGrass California! The festival will take place March 31-April 2nd, 2023, at Palisades Tahoe, Olympic Valley. General, VIP, and Lodging on sale now at winterwondergrass.com. Mark your calendars (and prep your lift tickets) for the free Thursday Kickoff Show, at the base of Palisades Ski Resort in the Plaza, followed by a weekend of music, brews, and mountains with bluegrass and americana favorites. Inside the venue, you will find an open-air outdoor mainstage, three side stages (which are heated and covered), plus daily beer, whiskey, and spiked seltzer complimentary tastings for those 21 and over, from 3-5 pm. others.
APR 1, 2023
DUMMY DOWNHILL AT DIAMOND PEAK
https://www.diamondpeak.com/event
Join us for the 21st annual Dummy Downhill on Saturday, April 1, 2023. Participants build a dummy on skis or snowboards that gets launched off of a big jump, while spectators get to watch as unique characters fly down the hill or crash hard. This is Diamond Peak’s signature spring event, the biggest party of the year, and the perfect way to celebrate April Fool’s Day. Even non-skiers will want to come watch the madness! A panel of celebrity judges (and the public) will evaluate all Dummies on the snow by the Base Lodge, followed by the dummy launch and an awards ceremony. Prizes and certificates are awarded for creativity, best crash, furthest distance, and more. Dummies must be at the Base Lodge by 10:00 a.m. to check in and then be judged on creativity. Dummies cannot be live, have pyrotechnics and must weigh less than 75 pounds. Dummies and songs must be family-friendly. Team captains should be present to help load the dummies after they have been judged and unload at the top of the jump. The jumping will be followed by an award ceremony on the Base Lodge Deck.
WILDERNESS FIRST AID WITH NOLS WILDERNESS MEDICINE- APRIL
https://tahoerimtrail.org/event/wfa-april/
The Tahoe Rim Trail Association is hosting a two-day Wilderness First Aid (WFA) course taught by NOLS Wilderness Medicine (NOLS WM). This course provides individuals with a foundation in important first aid concepts critical to responding effectively to emergencies in a remote backcountry environment. This fast-paced, hands-on training is designed to meet the needs of trip leaders, camp staff, outdoor enthusiasts, and individuals working in remote locations. It will introduce you to caring for people who become ill or injured far from definitive medical care. Classroom lectures and demonstrations are combined with realistic scenarios where mock patients will challenge you to integrate your learning. At the end of the course, you’ll have the knowledge, skills, and ability to make sound decisions in emergency situations.
JUNE 10, 2023
2023 Tahoe City Food and Wine Classic
https://visittahoecity.org/event/2023-tahoe-cityfood-and-wine-classic/
Experience Tahoe City in one of the most eclectic ways by taking a stroll downtown along the lakeside sidewalks sipping wine, tasting delicious morsels, discovering our charming shops, and enjoying beautiful Lake Tahoe. This event features the tastiest wines & beverages paired with the most delicious food bites provided by North Tahoe’s favorite restaurants and caterers! Tickets are now on sale through Eventbrite and cost $65 for general admission and $25 for a designated driver, plus the processing fee. There are a limited number of tickets available, so make sure to get them while they last! This event is rain or shine and the cost includes a commemorative wine glass and wine bag. This is a fundraiser for the nonprofit Tahoe City Downtown Association. Do not delay in purchasing your tickets as this event sells out every year!
10 March 2023 Northwoods Tahoe
MAR 23, 2023
UC DAVIS TAHOE SCIENCE LECTURE SERIES
http://tahoe.ucdavis.edu/events/
Attraction and Relationships
Paul Eastwick’s research investigates how people initiate romantic relationships and the psychological mechanisms that help romantic partners to remain committed and attached.
APR 23, 2023
LAKE TAHOE WEDDING EXPO AT SOUTH OF NORTH BREWING COMPANY
https://www.facebook.com/ events/527243169290750
Join us and Tahoe Basin Events as we provide you an experiential wedding day expo at South of North Brewing Company Lake Tahoe. Come celebrate, visualize, and plan your special day with our: Local Vendors, Champagne Deck, Gourmet Bites, Silent Disco, Live Wedding Band, Mock Ceremony Inspo, Gorgeous Floral, Trunk Shows, and much more!
JUNE 10, 2023
DECELLE MEMORIAL LAKE TAHOE RELAY
http://www.laketahoerelay.com/
APR 9, 2023
HEAVENLY VILLAGE EASTER EGG HUNT
https://theshopsatheavenly.com/
The Shops at Heavenly Village are holding an Easter Egg Hunt on Sunday, April 9, 2023, at 10:00 a.m. for children ages 12 and under. Over 15,000 candy and toyfilled eggs will be hidden including $1,000 in cash prize eggs. Select eggs contain offerings from shops at the Heavenly Village Shop. The cost is $5 per child and a limited number of tickets are available. Check back for link to tickets. All proceeds will be given to a local charity. The hunt will be all outdoors between Fire and Ice and Gunbarrel Tavern in the Heavenly Village. There are three hunt categories: Age groups: 5-Under, 6-8, 9-12. The Easter Bunny will be on-site for a meet and greet. There is also a Build a Bunny spot for just $15 (quantities are limited).
MAY 5-7, 2023
COMSTOCK ARABIAN ASSOCIATION SPRING FIESTA HORSE SHOW
https://comstockarabianassociation.com/springfiesta-arabian-horse-shows-a-and-b/
The Arabian’s beauty and history inspire horsemen all over the world. Arabian horses have always held a mystic and are often regarded as noble. Beautiful, elegant and versatile, they are the most recognized horse breed in the world. Some of the West Coast’s most beautiful horses will be competing for this Class A show, which qualifies Regions 3 and 4 for regional and national championship shows. Arabian and Half-Arabian horses in a variety of classes, including Western dressage, country English, hunter, sport horse, halter, sidesaddle, native costume and more. Admission and parking are free, and families will enjoy watching these beautiful animals compete. Sanctioned by the Arabian Horse Association.
CA FOOTHILLS
APR 22-23, 2023
PASSPORT TO THE GREAT OUT THERE
https://www.cellarpass.com/events/ 2023-passport-to-the-great-out-there-9489
Runners will once again run counter-clockwise around Lake Tahoe in the 59th annual DeCelle Memorial Lake Tahoe Relay. Considered to be the oldest relay race in the country, the Lake Tahoe Relay began as a New Year’s gag by a group of college runners in 1959, grew into a tribute to a beloved son, and has evolved over decades as a family’s labor of love. With altitudes up to 6,500 ft. on the 72-mile course around scenic Lake Tahoe, this race is as fun as it is challenging.
APR 29-30, 2023
VIRGINIA CITY GRAND PRIX
https://vcgp.com/
The historic streets of Virginia City are transformed into a motorcycle arena as nearly a thousand off-road bikes gather for this competitive race. Races begin on C Street so spectators can get an up-close and personal view of this high-speed race before they zoom on to the off-road portions of the race. The annual two-day event is the ultimate Comstock battle of racer verses the rough terrain.
CARSON VALLEY
Explore the unrivaled beauty of El Dorado County one sip at a time with a Passport to THE GREAT OUT THERE. Over 20 wineries will share their innovative spirit by providing incredible food and wine pairings and engaging you in an experience that captures the essence of their unique story. Whether it’s live music, art demonstrations, historical tours, or winemaking insights, your journey to THE GREAT OUT THERE will create treasured memories of wine, food, and fun. Discover the back roads, hidden gems, secret experiences, and surprises that make this unexplored wine region event a true adventure. Embrace the unknown and prepare to see a side of winemaking, terroir, and creative expression you wouldn’t expect in wine country. El Dorado wineries draw from more than just good winemaking skills-experience the daring spirit, creative freedom, inspiring Sierra landscape, dynamic agriculture, and the character-rich true-grit culture of this cult-classic mountain wine region.
MAY 19-21, 2023
CARSON VALLEY HOT AIR FOR HOPE BALLOON FESTIVAL
https://www.hotairforhope.com/
The first annual Carson Valley Hot Air for Hope Balloon Festival will be held at Lampe Park in Gardnerville, Nevada from May 19th-21st, 2023 and will serve as a benefit for the Center for Hope & Healing’s community programs. Organized by the Center and a group of local balloonists, this event is free to the public and will include two public balloon launches from Lampe Park at 6 a.m. on the mornings of Saturday, May 20 and Sunday, May 21. On Friday evening, May 19th, hot air balloons will line the downtown streets of Minden for a balloon glow starting at 7 p.m. In addition to the balloon events, the festivities will include live bands, art performances, food trucks, and local vendors throughout the day at Lampe Park. You can click here for a tentative schedule of activities.
MAY 12-14, 2023
THE GOLDEN ROAD GATHERING
https://goldenroadgathering.com/
A multi-day outdoor music gathering brought to you by your friends at Marco’s Cafe, Sacred Roots, and the creators of Hangtown Halloween Ball. This three-day event will feature a wide range of headliners, bands, and can’t-miss music.
www.northwoods.news 11 March 2023
RENO
SOUTH LAKE TAHOE
Fun Easter ‘Egg-turnatives’
While decorating eggs for Easter is a tradition that dates back centuries, the high cost of eggs may make it more difficult for some families this year. However, that doesn’t mean you can’t find creative ways to keep the season special and create memories with loved ones.
With more than 140 years of experience, the Easter egg decorating experts at PAAS(r) are sharing some ideas and inspiration on fun things to do with your Easter decorating kit. These “egg-citing” alternatives to using traditional eggs can help keep those simple moments of connection and creativity alive:
Pretty in Plastic
Dyeing plastic eggs is an activity perfect for all ages with less stress and less mess since they don’t crack or break when dropped. Dyeable plastic eggs also typically come in packages of more than a traditional dozen, offering more opportunities for creativity. Another added bonus: You can decorate your home every year with the finished product since they don’t go bad. They are also perfect for DIY projects, such as making them into garland, hanging ornaments, place settings or gifts that can be used for years to come.
Baked Easter Decor
Instead of buying eggs, you can make your own baking soda dough eggs using 1/2 cup corn starch, 1 cup baking soda and 3/4 cup water. Combine the ingredients, roll into egg shapes and bake in the oven for 1 hour at 175 F then simply dye them as you would real eggs using your
favorite PAAS egg decorating kit. Fun for all ages, these eggs can be turned into a variety of decor and mementos with kids taking the lead on mixing the dough batter and shaping the eggs before an adult helps with the baking.
Creative Kitchen Canvases
Coffee filters are good for more than just making coffee; they make perfect canvases for Easter decorating and naturally take dye. With 100-250 coffee filters per package, they’re a cost-effective way to maximize crafting opportunities and let creativity run wild. Once dyed and dried, you can turn the filters into flower centerpieces, papier mache eggs, artwork to frame and more.
Repurposed Treasure from Nature
Kids often love to hunt for fun-shaped and colorful rocks when exploring outdoors or collect seashells while on vacation or taking a walk on the beach. Now, rather than storing them in a “treasure box” or throwing them back outside, they can be creatively decorated for Easter using paint, stickers, glitter, accessories and other add-ons. Some seashells can even be dyed. Using rocks and shells of all shapes and sizes is a cost-effective, low-waste alternative that allows children to use their imaginations for creative play once they’re done decorating.
Sustainable Tips to Avoid Egg Waste
If you plan to keep the tradition of dyeing eggs alive this year, you can take steps to avoid food waste once you’re done decorating. Consider these sustainable tips from the experts at PAAS:
• Make Deviled Eggs: As long as you refrigerate the eggs shortly after dyeing them, you can use them to make deviled eggs - an Easter brunch staple - for your family meal.
• Create Centerpieces: Dyed eggs can be used to make a beautiful centerpiece for your family dinner. Simply spread them over your table runner around other decor, fill a glass bowl or jar with the eggs or place them within a floral arrangement to add pops of color to the table.
• Serve a Salad: Eating the eggs saves you from food waste, and eggs can be used in a variety of salads, including egg salad, potato salad or chef’s salad, to add a boost of protein and flavor.
• Start a Compost Pile: If you don’t plan to eat the eggs once you’re done decorating, you can create a compost pile near your garden. Hard-boiled eggshells are a rich source of calcium and other essential nutrients plants need.
For more tips and ideas to make Easter “eggstra” special this year, visit paaseastereggs.com. Photo Courtesy of Getty Images
March 2023
Serving the Lake Tahoe Region
