Sinhyeon Middle School

Defectors

Defectors ( ) departure from the DPRK refers to the inhabitants. Often refugees ( ), or called refugees.

Legal terminology, the Republic of Korea defectors, the DPRK and to address the immediate family and spouse, and the Republic of Korea as someone who left a job and the DPRK outside the Republic of Korea and those who did not acquire the nationality of other means.

Republic of Korea defectors from the term referring to has been changed several times as follows.

1990 Previous: Defectors ( ), defection Champion ( ) 1990 ~ 2004: North 2005-2008: refugees Currently: defectors, refugees Because of the economic crisis since the 1990s, North Korea, North Korea, South Korea and the incoming residents yitalhae Driven term refugees began to be used in earnest. 'North' a legal term 'defectors' widely been let go instead of the term ministry in 2004 after public consultation will be selected.

Some in South Korea, defectors, the term may be perceived as negative nuance should be replaced by other terms that the comments came out.

Accordingly, January 9, 2005 Republic of Korea Ministry of Unification in Korea defectors purify the term 'refugee (- )' announced the change. This word 'settled in the new home for residents' can be interpreted as meaning. Some in the media use this term to take literally, but North and South groups in society, some perceive as the term deterrence seureopgo considered unnatural are also reluctant to accept. The meaning of the word defector to North Korea's comparable to a term that covers people drop out, the refugees will still not settled in South Korea on international refugees scattered in the definition of the term because it does not burn brother could be a problem.

In addition, 'defectors', the term 'refugees' are being used as a replacement. The term used for refugees, but on 21 November 2008, preferably by the Unification Ministry that we do not use the term refugees said.

History Korea since the war for many reasons, residents of Korea who fled to South Korea have been. Early in the book who comes exile who fled to South Korea, most people were fleeing for political reasons. Air Force pilots, especially the return of these two dudeureojimyeo "defecting soldier" has been praised as.

Republic of Korea's rapid economic growth for 1970 due to the economic gap between the two Koreas is reversed by contrast, chronic economic difficulties continued, In the north since the defection of the nature of the people the nature of economic refugees from political exile was changed gradually.

These flow from the North in the 1990s large-scale natural disasters - floods and drought caused severe food shortages due to the accelerated Since early 2000s, before two different large-scale defection of personnel is to be carried. Bian in the number of refugees in Yanbian, China in 2007 rose to 10,000 people.

The most senior defector from the current personnel of the Party of the Democratic People's Republic jinaenba is the Hwang. Representative choehyeonmi players are also available for refugees.

The size of the defectors were 607 prior to 1989. Steadily increased since 2000, a total 1,406 people, by 2009 total was a record 18,010 people.

Path in exile Some of the soldiers on the border through the defection if direct or harsh, but alert sentry, power lines, mines, etc. If you lose a lot of lives during the critical path is not. Using a group of fishing boats in exile after the war in Korea frequently and then hid the trail, but has increased in the mid-1990s.

Number of North Koreans who crossed the border to escape the People's Republic of Yanbian in a way that largely autonomous ethnic Koreans. China and North Korea part of the border, the border guards, the soldiers, but handing over a bribe and trick the guards to escape many people's eyes. Scattered across the Tumen Yanbian autonomous ethnic Koreans usually goes hiding. However, the relationship between China and the DPRK government with emphasis on discovery does not recognize North Koreans as refugees as illegal immigrants to return to North Korea in Hunchun tumeongwa agreements are conducted within the North Koreans hiding in China together. When caught are sent back to North Korea, a first-ever labor or renovated, there are offenders when the death penalty. Some of the successful people in China to infiltrate the South's support or, embassies and foreign schools are asking for help to flee. After that, most are in exile in South

Africa. North Koreans have been kidnapped in the Yanbian region. Some refugees in recognition of their justification nine Communist countries of Eastern European countries to study some of Cain, and if there is a way to defect.

Even if by way of Mongolia, but in recent years in exile near the border with the Chinese side in getting caught in a strict, is not hiding in China long after the Southeast Asian countries via one tonggwaman 3rd station of the people has been increasing in exile.

The North Koreans defect to South Korea are increasing every year, but they hide in China or Southeast Asia are doing it is possible that hundreds of thousands of refugees.

South Korea, Japan and other countries deuleneun are several groups that support refugees. Among them a back ministry, mission and the cornerstone of the Christian mission groups and organizations, such as is typical in Japan, RENK. These groups are in contact with the refugees in the embassy or the foreign schools, while preparing to die, to dramatize the importance of supporting refugees and television cameras with his appearance and in Korea and overseas to provide the media in many cases. Jeondohan missions again after the refugees back to North Korea to preach the gospel should also help. China's public security authorities are wary of such activities, support groups are active in China has been caught.

20 th October 2010 in Japan and more than 100 refugees are settled. The Unification Ministry on 15 November 2010 more than 20,000 people called defectors revealed the social status of defectors were investigated.

December 2010 published by Global leak confidential documents, scan through the North Koreans sent abroad, was also exiled to the Republic of Korea.

Settlement process Republic of Korea, the government increased the number of refugees settled in preparation for the maintenance of the system, including support for various measures have been established. North Koreans defectors motive, identity, immigration, and whether undercover investigation by the authorities after one of the defectors are sent to the research firm, one won seven weeks after getting a job in social adjustment, education, social security, housing agencies and government funding received from settlers . In the Republic of Korea defectors Settlement Support office 07/08/1999 founding one won the protection of subjects are protected and settlement support.

Meanwhile, on the newest refugees one won the day the case is sent to a mental hospital.

Particularly young women and married men who have fled the Republic of Korea to stabilize the life if he is.

Some refugees are settled in the Republic of Korea bukhansik tone likely to be mistaken for spies to get my fix.

Since the bombardment of the Republic of Korea defectors Yeonpyeongdo awareness of the importance of security awareness banbuk again, heading to refugees who settled in the Republic of Korea are concerned. If you are a Chinese national to defect if you have introduced.

Status in international law Refugees under international law, the mandate refugees (Mandate Refugees) has the status of. 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees (Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, hereinafter 'Refugee Convention') in the definition does not apply to a refugee, UNHCR according to the delegated authority is recognized as a refugee, UNHCR mandate refugees Refugees said.

September 29, 2003, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) for refugees, "concerns a group," he announced, and according to international law, refugee mandate (Mandate Refugee) can be considered as a stand said.

Of the current Chinese government to accept asylum, but rather can be arrested and repatriated to. However, apart from the Chinese government, such as China's Beijing office located in the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) to apply for refugee recognition of refugee status if the Chinese government on its own, separate from the UNHCR mandate refugee designation, to receive the protection of the United Nations can. However, the North Koreans in China, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees office in the situation of the entry is being blocked.

June 15, 2003, Gertrude rubeoseu United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) representative for the Millennium Democratic Party chul, "North Korea and China to open border to the UNHCR office in China, such as during effort is not open to the opposite," he said.

Regulations and official position relating UNHCR is meeting the criteria of the provisions of the 1951 Convention or its 1967 Protocol, the Parties, regardless of whether or not staying in, or the amount by which one he will find more to stay in the country, regardless of whether or not recognized as refugees, High Commissioner to provide protection of the United Nations are eligible. Delegated to the High Commissioner for Refugees that fall within the scope jaroseo generally "mandate refugees" (mandate refugees) is called. (United Nations High Commissioner Rules) In general, individual refugee status must be acknowledged that one member of a group individually be

recognized as refugees under circumstances indicating that the forced expulsion from the entire group coerced exile home of the crisis occurs. In such a situation, an urgent need to provide assistance and group refugee status to each member individually to acknowledge the many cases virtually impossible. Therefore, the status of refugees "collective recognition" is not bound by IVIG, by this group of individuals employed in the first through the evidence - not a falsification, for example - are considered as refugees. (United Nations High Commissioner Rules) State of the refugee in any manner whatsoever of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion, because of identity that concerns the life or liberty is threatened by the borders of the area shall not deport or repatriate. (1951 Refugee Convention, Article 33, farmers repolmang principle, principle of non-refoulement, the principle of repatriation restrictions) The principle of repatriation restrictions, regardless of what officially recognized as refugees to the country of his nationality, be persecuted if you return the parties shall apply. (1977 UNHCR's Executive Committee Resolution No. 28) 1951 Refugee Convention Relating to the Status of the Magna Carta of international refugee law and refugee assistance for a candle in the dark and to protect and assist refugees and to those engaged in humanitarian activities is one of the guidelines. (2001 Deputy Foreign Minister Wang Guangya, China ) As the Chinese law and international human rights law is binding in international law that China is the obligation to respect international human rights law and domestic law and international treaties is the first step when the two interfere. (June 11, 2001 the Chinese government submitted a report to the UN)