Diabetes
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Definition Statistics Did you know Type 1 diabetes Type 2 diabetes Gestational diabetes Prediabetes Symptoms Risk factors Tests How to manage diabetes
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Diabetes – Diabetes is a metabolic disorder which results in abnormal blood glucose level – Due to the dysfunction of pancreas, reduced insulin secretion leads to increased sugar in body
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Diabetes statistic – 69.1 million people are diabetic in India – By the year 2030, over 100 million people will be diabetic – 415 million people diabetic globally – 1 in 11 adults has diabetes globally – In every 6 second 1 person dies with diabetes http://www.connectncare.com/
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Type 1 diabetes – Usually diagnosed in child & young adult – Affected by hereditary – Body not able to secret Insulin – Also called as ‘juvenile diabetes’ or insulin dependent diabetes – In India, every year 70,000 child get affected
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Type 2 diabetes – Most common – Usually seen in adult – Also called as ‘noninsulin dependent diabetes’ – 90 % patients with type 2 diabetes out of total diabetic population http://www.connectncare.com/
Gestational diabetes – Blood sugar levels are high before & after pregnancy without any diabetic history – At high risk of type2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease
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Pre diabetes – 77.2 million people in India are said to have pre-diabetes – Not get categorized under type1 or type2 – Starts with unhealthy eating and inadequate exercise http://www.connectncare.com/
Symptoms of diabetes – High blood glucose level – Blurry vision – Increased thirst (polydipsia) – Painful & frequent urination (polyuria) – Fatigue – Increased hunger (polyphagia) – Weight loss http://www.connectncare.com/
Risk factors – Obesity – Poor diet – Lack of physical activity – Family history of diabetes – Advancing age
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Tests for diabetes http://www.connectncare.com/
1. FPG (fasting plasma glucose test) – Patients must fast for 8 hrs. – Blood glucose range • Pre-diabetes: 100-125 mg/dl • Diabetes: 126 mg/dl or above
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2. OGTT(oral glucose tolerance test) – Blood glucose levels are measured to see the body reaction – Blood glucose range • Pre diabetes: 140-199 mg/dl • Diabetes: 200 mg/dl or above
3. HbA1c ( glycated haemoglobin test)
– It monitors blood sugar level over the past 2-3 months – If glucose levels have been high over recent weeks, the HbA1c test will be higher – Range • Normal : 4%-5.6% • Risk of diabetes-: 5.7%-6.4% • Diabetes : 6.5% or higher
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How to manage diabetes?
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• Adopt healthier lifestyle • Healthy eating • Being active
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Timely medicine Avoid smoking Avoid alcohol Daily exercise
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