American History

American History June 12, 2015

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American History

Cowan’s 6270 Este Avenue Cincinnati, OH, 45232 513.871.1670 Fax 513.871.8670

cowans.com

Auction June 12, 2015 10 a.m.

Exhibition June 11, 2015 Noon - 5 p.m.

June 12, 2015 8 a.m. - 10 a.m.

Bid In person, by phone, absentee or live online at bidsquare.com

Phone and Absentee Bidding 513.871.1670 or visit cowans.com Buyer’s Premium 20%

Specialists For This Auction

Wes Cowan

Katie Horstman historic@cowans.com

Matt Chapman matt@cowans.com

Mike Vigna

Contributors: Allen Cebula Pat Tench Steven Cochran Thomas G. Landrigan

Cowan’s is pleased to offer property from the following: Louis P. Christman Family Collection of Wright Brothers’ Items The Collection of Jane D. Diehl, Cincinnati, OH William Gladstone Collection of Early Photography & African Americana John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography The Turner Family Naval Collection

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American History

Lots 1 - 406

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

JUNE 12, 2015 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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THE TURNER FAMILY NAVAL COLLECTION

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The William Turner Family Cowan’s is pleased to offer selection of items from the William Turner family of Newport, Rhode Island, some of which have been passed down several generations. Items offered in this sale include photographs, manuscripts, signed documents, relics, and uniform accoutrements, most related to the naval careers of prominent members of the family. Photographs and other items related to less noteworthy members of the family will be offered in our July 2 to July 13 American History Timed Online Only auction, and many more items from the family, including furniture, silver, scrimshaw, painted portraits, and other fine art and decorative items will be offered in Cowan’s June 20 Americana sale. Below are brief biographies of members of the Turner family relevant to this sale.

1st Generation: Dr. William Turner (1712-1754) grew up in Newport, Rhode Island where, according to family history, he studied medicine under Dr. Norbent Vigneron (French, 1669-1764). After completing his apprenticeship, Dr. Turner relocated to Newark, New Jersey, where he opened a successful professional practice. William married Mehitable Foster (b. 1715) with whom he had four children, including Daniel (1750-1837), and Peter (1751-1822).

2nd Generation: Daniel Turner (1750-1837), known as Captain Daniel, married his first cousin Sarah Foster (1754-1809) before serving in the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War. Together, they had ten children, including William (1775-1837), Peter (1781-1812), and Daniel (1794-1850).

2nd Generation: Dr. Peter Turner (1751-1822), Captain Daniel’s younger brother, served as a surgeon in the 1st Rhode Island Regiment of the Continental Army under General James Varnum (American, 17481789) and Colonel Christopher Greene (American, 1737-1781). Family tradition tells us that he served on General George Washington’s staff at Valley Forge where he established a friendship with the Marquis de Lafayette (French, 1757-1834), who also stayed at Washington’s encampment. Following the war, Dr. Turner and his wife Eliza Child settled in East Greenwich, Rhode Island at 21 Courthouse Lane, across the street from their brother-in-law General Varnum, whose wife Martha Child was Eliza’s sister. Peter and Eliza had nine children, including Mehitable Foster (1780-1853).

3rd Generation: Commodore Daniel Turner (1794-1850), the son of Captain Daniel, began his career in the U.S. Navy as a midshipman at the age of fourteen, subsequently earning the rank of lieutenant on March 12, 1813. Two days later, he joined Oliver Hazard Perry’s (American, 1785-1819) squadron at Sackett’s Harbor, New York where he took command of the brig Caledonia in the Battle of Lake Erie.

On September 10, 1813, Turner distinguished himself by providing suppressive fire for Perry’s flagship Lawrence, thereby earning a Congressional medal and a sword from the State of New York. After serving under Perry’s command on the frigate Java and the schooner Nonsuch, Turner commanded the USS Erie and the USS Constitution.

3rd Generation: Dr. William Turner (1775-1837), the son of Captain Daniel and the older brother of Commodore Daniel, served as a surgeon in the United States Navy. William married his first cousin Mehitable Foster (1780-1853), the daughter of Dr. Peter (1751-1822), and they had nine children, including Peter (1803-1871).

3rd Generation: Benjamin Bourne Turner (1780-1807), the son of Captain Daniel and brother of Commodore Daniel and Dr. William, appointed midshipman in the United States Navy Sept. 27, 1800, and lieutenant March 9, 1807. Unmarried, he was killed in a duel with Master John Rush, US Navy, Oct. 31, 1807, in New Orleans, over an argument about William Shakespeare.

4th Generation: Commodore Peter Turner (1803-1871) began his career in the U.S. Navy as a midshipman at the age of twenty, subsequently earning the rank of lieutenant on December 20, 1832.

From 1834 to 1835, he served on the USS Columbus within his uncle Commodore Daniel Turner’s (1794-1850) Brazil Squadron. He also served aboard the USS Constitution in the Pacific and afterward on special duty at Portsmouth Navy Yard. His final cruise was on the USS Southampton before serving as commander of the U.S. Naval Asylum in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He was commissioned as a commodore in 1867. He married Sarah Stafford Jones (1826-1875) and had five children, including Hettie Foster (1850-1937).

5th Generation: Hettie Foster Turner (1850-1937) married Henry Harlan (1848-1898) and they had three children, including James Turner (1881-1931), through whose descendants the Turner family collection is being offered for sale.

1 Turner Family Manuscript Archive Lot includes 200+ Turner Family letters, dated 1790s-1880s, hundreds of pieces of ephemera, and extensive genealogical records.

Every letter contained in the Turner Family collection, as presented to Cowan’s, is included in this lot. Only presidential signed commissions and ship’s logs have been removed and offered individually.

Letters include: Dr. William Turner (1775-1837). 50 letters and manuscripts written by or directly concerning William Turner, dated 1790s-1830s. The majority are dated 1803-1821, 1-4pp, written to family members while on naval service, and pertain to family matters or naval service.

Notables and representative examples include: 1799 ALS to Peter Turner, Oct. 10, 1799, at Cape Francois, Haiti, reporting on events of the slave revolt now known as the Haitian Revolution, referencing Toussaint Louverture as an “ugly-looking negro leader, very polished in his manners, said to have as many as 50,000 men” as we the naval strength present; 1799 MS by Christopher Raymond Perry, father of O.H. Perry, appointing Wm. to surgeon on the General Greene; 1800 ALS from Wm. Turner to Dr. Moses Brown regarding sicknesses on the General Greene; war date ALS from Wm. Turner to George Turner, April 10, 1813, reporting being blockaded by the British Squadron; war date ALS to Wm. Turner regarding the personal effects of his brother Dr. Peter Turner, who died of wounds sustained at Plattsburgh, NY, and referencing Comm. Woolsey; copy of a letter from Wm. Turner to Gen. Thos. H. Cushing, Dec. 23, 1814, requesting to go into private practice as his family has sacrificed so much in the war and he must

now help provide for the family, mentioning brother Daniel’s service with O.H. Perry at Lake Erie and being captured by the British, brother Peter’s being killed at Plattsburgh, brother Benjamin killed in a duel, and father Daniel being an invalid; 1818 ALS from US Surgeon General Joseph Lovell (1788-1836), authorizing Turner to engage in private practice; 1794 ALS from Richard Henderson to Isaac Governeur, recommending Wm. Turner for the position of surgeon aboard the America; 1821 ALS from Charles Handy to Wm. Turner, listing the personal effects of Wm.’s deceased brother, midshipman Henry Turner; 1806 manuscript inventory of medical supplies on hand and ordered; undated letter thanking Turner for a lecture at the Rhode Island Medical Society; an 1817 ALS regarding the Rhode Island Medical Society’s ruling on a doctor’s charge of selling a “secret medicine” in violation of the society’s bylaws; recipe for “Dr. King’s Diarrhea Mixture”; schedules of expense and supplies, provision returns, etc.; and many letters regarding family matters.

Commodore Peter Turner (1803-1871). 42 letters and manuscripts written by or directly concerning Peter Turner, dated 1820s-1860s.

The majority are dated 1826-30, 1-6pp, written to family members while on naval service, and pertain to family matters or naval service.

Notables and representative examples include: 1862 DS by Sec. of Navy Gideon Welles (1802-1878), notifying Peter Turner of his appointment to commander on the reserved list; 1867 letter from Peter Turner to Sec. of Navy Gideon Welles acknowledging receipt of his commission as commodore; several 1820-1829 ALsS from Peter to various family members reporting on his service and travels, including 1820 from Matanzas discussing his captain and the markets; 1822

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THE TURNER FAMILY NAVAL COLLECTION

aboard the Constitution at Gibraltar; 1826 aboard the Boston; 1828 aboard theHornet, reporting on outbreak of yellow fever forcing the ship to return to port; 1828 aboard the Falmouth, regarding his sister’s death; 1828 at Charleston Navy Yard, discussing naval matters, and referencing the ships Columbus, Independence, and Concord; 1827 ALS to brother Daniel, captain of the ERIE, asking for help obtaining a promotion; 1827 ALS expressing disappointment in not obtaining a promotion and being refused leave to visit sick family; 1829 ALS to his parents, informing them he has passed his exam and discussing several captains by name; 1829 ALS to Hettie Turner, regarding Capt. Daniel Turner’s capture and prize; 1838 correspondence regarding his father’s death and estate; Peter’s 1842 marriage certificate; 1844 ALS to his brother, from Rio de Janeiro, on a sheet featuring a woodcut of Rio; deed and several receipts for payments on his pew at Trinity Church, Newport; plus a ca 1862 CDV photograph of Peter as commander, newspaper clippings regarding Peter’s death, and more.

Benjamin Turner (1780-1807). Six letters written to, by, or concerning Benjamin Turner, most notably an Oliver Hazard Perry ALS to Perry’s mother, dated Navy Yard, Nov. 4, 1807, regarding the death of Lt. Benjamin Turner in a duel at New Orleans. Perry writes he received the news via a letter from a Lt. Leonard and that “the quarrel was some trifling argument about Shakespeare plays which has terminated so fatally,” and Perry attests to Turner’s “excellent character.” Perry tells his mother that he has not seen his father in a while due to the winds, but a Capt. Winchester told him the elder Perry has never looked better. Unfortunately this letter is in poor condition, separated at every fold line and missing most of the signature. Also: ALS from “Trenchard” aboard Connstellation off Tripoli, addressed to “Benj.

Turner, Constitution at Sea”; 1805 ALS from Benj.

Turner to Dr. Wm. Turner, describing a confrontation with a sailor; and more.

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

JUNE 12, 2015 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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THE TURNER FAMILY NAVAL COLLECTION

Other Family Members. 100+ letters and manuscripts by, from or concerning other or unknown members of the family. Notables and representative examples include: important Mexican War letter, 6pp, to Henry S. Harlan, from his brother, dated U.S. Steamship Princeton, Aug. 12 (no year), at Anton Lizardo, 18 miles off Vera Cruz, postmarked at Pensacola, Aug. 20, regarding illnesses and injuries of soldiers and sailors, events of the war, Mexican politics, ship movements, etc.; dozens of letters to and from Hettie Turner (1750-1853) and other family members regarding typical family matters; 1855 signed return

by Lt. Col. John Thomas, South Carolina; ca early 1800s mathematical instructions for calculating the distance from Earth to the sun and moon; 1759 letter written in mirrored script; pocket journal containing notes on the Greek and Roman gods and goddesses; several manuscript poems and copies of poems; receipts; ledgers; and more.

Genealogical Research and Ephemera. 100+ pages of genealogical research, ca 1790s to 1950s, plus hundreds of pieces of ephemera, ca 1790s to 1910s, including: naval event programs; calling cards; miscellaneous tintypes and CDVs; family baptism and funeral programs and mementos; newspaper clippings of family news and obituaries; newspaper clippings of poetry; and four scrapbooks. Two of the scrapbooks contain ca 1750s-1910s Harlan family documents and ephemera, including dozens of indentures, deeds, receipts, estate inventories and settlements, some as early as the 1750s. One is a Cleveland Plain Dealer scrapbook of the Battle of Lake Erie centennial in 1913, containing records pertaining to the committee on the Perry Centennial; hundreds of newspaper clippings regarding the centennial; programs from the “Progress of Women” event held as part of the centennial; dozens of postcards of Battle of Lake Erie ships, Perry statues, monuments, etc.; cabinet card of Gilbert Stuart’s painted portrait of Perry; and a lengthy program for the entire celebration, held Sept. 14-17, 1913. Another Plain Dealer scrapbook, also ca 1913, contains roughly 100 snapshots and cyanotypes of the Harlan family and their homes.

Descended in the Turner Family of Newport, RI $6,000 - $8,000 6

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THE TURNER FAMILY NAVAL COLLECTION 2 John Adams Presidential Signed Naval Commission for William Turner, Surgeon John Adams (1735-1826). Partially printed document signed. 1p, 8.25 x 12 in., on vellum, with embossed seal, affixed upper left. Philadelphia, August 31, 1799. Appointment of William Turner to Surgeon in the US Navy. Signed by President John Adams (1797-1801) and Secretary of the Navy Benjamin Stoddert (1798-1801). $600 - $800

3 James Madison Presidential Signed Appointment for William Turner, Surgeon’s Mate James Madison (1751-1836). Partially printed document signed as President of the United States (1809-1817).

1p, 14.5 x 17.5 in., on vellum with embossed seal, affixed upper left. Dated at Washington, November 20, 1812, appointing William Turner “a Surgeon’s Mate on the Peace Establishment” from September 29, 1812. $1,000 - $1,500

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

JUNE 12, 2015 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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THE TURNER FAMILY NAVAL COLLECTION 4 James Monroe Presidential Signed Naval Appointment for Peter Turner, Midshipman James Monroe (1758-1831). Partially printed DS as President of the United States (1817-1825). 1p, 8.25 x 13 in., on vellum with embossed seal, affixed upper left. Dated at Washington, March 4, 1823, to Peter Turner, appointing him as a midshipman in United States Navy. $400 - $600

5 James Monroe Presidential Signed Land Grant James Monroe (1758-1831). Partially printed document signed as President of the United States (1817-1825). 1p, 9.5 x 13 in., on vellum with embossed seal, affixed lower left. Dated at Washington, March 3, 1819, to Stephen Taylor, a Corporal in Towson’s Corps of Light Artillery during the War of 1812, granting 160 acres in Missouri Territory. Transferred by Taylor on verso.

Lot includes 10 letters to William and Peter Turner, dating from 1821, 1840 and 1859, relating to subsequent sales and payment on this land. $600 - $800

6 James Monroe Presidential Signed Land Grant James Monroe (1758-1831). Partially printed document signed as President of the United States (1817-1825). 1p, 9.5 x 13.25 in., on vellum with embossed seal, affixed lower left. Dated at Washington, March 3, 1819, to Robert Cutter, an Artificer in Towson’s Corps of Light Artillery during the War of 1812, granting 160 acres in Missouri Territory.

Transferred on verso. $600 - $800

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THE TURNER FAMILY NAVAL COLLECTION 7 Andrew Jackson Presidential Signed Naval Appointment for Peter Turner, Passed Midshipman Andrew Jackson (1767-1845). Partially printed document signed. 1p, 8.75 x 11 in., on vellum, with embossed seal, affixed upper left. Dated at Washington, June 18, 1831, to Peter Turner, appointing him Passed Midshipman in the United States Navy, ranking from March 23, 1829. Signed by President Andrew Jackson (1829-1837) and Secretary of the Navy Levi Woodbury (1831-1834). $800 - $1,000

8 Andrew Jackson Presidential Signed Naval Commission for Lieutenant Peter Turner Andrew Jackson (1767-1845). Partially printed DS. 1p, 14.5 x 18.25 in., on vellum with embossed seal, affixed lower center. Dated at Washington, December 22, 1832, to Peter Turner, appointing him Lieutenant in the US Navy to rank from December 20, 1832. Signed boldly by President Andrew Jackson (1829-1837), and by Secretary of the Navy Levi Woodbury (1831-1834). $800 - $1,000

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

JUNE 12, 2015 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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THE TURNER FAMILY NAVAL COLLECTION 9 Abraham Lincoln Presidential Signed Naval Commission for Commander Peter Turner Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865). Partially printed DS. 1p, 14.75 x 17.75 in., on vellum with embossed seal, lower center. Dated at Washington, July 15, 1862, to Peter Turner, commissioning him “Commander in the Navy on the Reserved List” from July 1, 1861.

Signed by Abraham Lincoln as President (1861-1865) and Gideon Welles as Secretary of the Navy (1861-1869).

Lot also includes a presidential appointment dated March 12, 1867, and bearing the stamped signature of Andrew Johnson (1808-1875), naming Peter Turner to Commodore in the US Navy. 1p, 19.25 x 15.75 in., on vellum. $4,000 - $6,000

10 War of 1812 Ship’s Log for the Schooner USS Nonsuch Lot of 3 logs documenting activities of the USS Nonsuch Aug. 8, 1821 to May 14, 1823 and Sept. 9 to Dec. 14, 1824. First with stylized ink script on first page, Journal of U.S. Sch’r Nonsuch / Daniel Turner, Esquire, Commander / 1821. Pages 2 and 3 are elevation drawings of Corsica, Cape St. Vincent, and the Island of Milo (Milos). Next page is headed Remarks & Occurrences on board the United States Sch’r Nonsuch, of 12 Guns, at New York, Daniel Turner Esq., Commander, with the first entry dated August 8, 1821. The earliest entries detail the acquisition of supplies and crew and interactions with the schooner Dolphin and steamship Robert Fulton before leaving port “On a Cruise” Sept.

15, 1821, arriving in Newport, Rhode Island, Sept. 29. The Nonsuch left Newport Oct. 15 for a voyage across the Atlantic, arriving in Gibraltar November 11. A full page elevation drawing of Corvo Island in the Azores is included October 27. The next stop was Port 10

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Mahon, Menorca, Nov. 27, then a cruise toward the North African coast before returning to Mahon Dec. 12, where Nonsuch stayed until March 12, 1822. She spent the next 14 months cruising the Mediterranean, with stops in Livorno, Naples, Messina, Smyrna, Malta, Tunis, Marseilles, and Malaga, several trips to Gibraltar, and extended stays in Mahon, including a four-and-a-half month stay Nov. 20 to April 9, 1823. The log ends at Malaga on May 14, 1823 and the next begins Sept. 9, 1824 at Palermo with a final entry dated Dec. 14, 1824 at New York. Nonsuch spent most of the autumn of 1824 cruising the Mediterranean before making the voyage back to the United States, with only a few short stops in port. The third book is mostly odd notes and calculations, but also includes another accounts of the transatlantic voyage of Nov. 1824, as well as a few random dates in 1825 and 1826. First log is 8.75 x 11 in. with leather-covered boards, other two 8 x 13 in. with skin boards. $1,500 - $2,500 BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

THE TURNER FAMILY NAVAL COLLECTION 11 War of 1812 Manuscript Record of Sick and Wounded at the Newport, RI, Navy Hospital Manuscript document, 1p, 7.75 x 12.5 in., laid paper, titled The United States of America to the Town of Newport For the use of the Hospital at Coaster’s Harbour for the Sick and Wounded of the Navy Department at Newport State of Rhode Island &c. The manuscript lists six men belonging to the frigate Macedonian and 17 men “belonging to the Gun Boats,” totaling 155 weeks and 1 day of hospital time at $0.375 per week for a total cost of $58.18. Dates of patients received and discharged range from Dec. 1812 to May 1813. The USS Macedonian was a frigate built by the British in 1810 and captured by the USS United States, under the command of Commodore Stephen Decatur, off the Canary Islands on Oct. 25, 1812. It arrived in New London, CT, December 4, 1812 and was taken into service April 13, 1813, under the command of Capt. Jacob Jones and remained in the Thames River in Connecticut for the majority of the war.

Turner Family $300 - $500

12 Journal for the Schooner Shark, 1827 Journal, 8 x 12.75 in. with marbled boards and leather spine, 66pp plus 6pp inserts (not including 12pp which have been removed). First page titled Journal of a Cruise in the U.S. Schooner Shark / Isaac McKeever Esq., Commander / To the Coast of Labrador, followed by a list of the 14 officers attached to the Shark. First entry dated August 5, 1827, with entries continuing to October 24, 1827 (excepting October 17-20, which have been removed). $500 - $700

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

JUNE 12, 2015 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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THE TURNER FAMILY NAVAL COLLECTION 13 Ship’s Log for the USS Southampton, 1851, Kept by Lt. Peter Turner Letter book, 8.5 x 13 in., 236pp. First two pages are directions for keeping the log, first entry is for Monday, Dec. 30, 1850, at Brooklyn Navy Yard, and entries continue daily until Friday October 31, 1851, at San Francisco Harbor. Each page with the heading Log of the U.S. Ship Southampton / Lieut. Peter Turner Commanding. Southampton left Brooklyn Navy Yard February 2, 1851, reached Rio de Janeiro March 22, and stayed until the 27th, spent April 5-11 in Montevideo, rounded Cape Horn on May 12, spent two and a half months in Valparaiso, June 10 to August 26, harbored at Callao, Peru, September 3-9, and reached San Francisco October 18. Every entry at sea includes the ship’s coordinates and course, the wind direction and strength, the weather, air and water temperature, atmospheric pressure, water expended, and the sick report, plus remarks as to the movements of the sails, maintenance work on the ship, and sightings and correspondence with passing ships. Entries in harbor include the winds and things such as deliveries, supplies acquired, and men discharged, transferred, and disciplined. An entry in Rio includes discontinuing use of the ship’s boat due to the fear of yellow fever, and one in San Francisco notes the desertion of several men.

Southampton was laid down in Norfolk, VA, in October 1841, purchased by the United States in early 1845, and commissioned May 27 of that year with Lt. Henry W. Morris in command. She sailed for Africa on June 27 and served as a storeship for the cruiser’s African Squadron until returning to Norfolk in December 1846. In 1847 she was sent around Cape Horn to California to supply the ships protecting the newly won territory of the United States, and remained until returning to New York on September 2, 1850. The log offered here begins on the day of her recommissioning for a similar mission to California, which lasted

until August 5, 1852, after which she was assigned to Commodore Matthew Perry’s squadron and was part of the expedition to Japan before being decommissioned and entering merchant service in 1855. $500 - $700

14 Boston Marine Society Membership Certificate, Inscribed by Naval Capt. Henry Skinner to Son Charles Skinner, 1801 Partially printed Boston Marine Society certificate of membership for Henry Skinner, dated December 4, 1781, approx. 8.5 x 14.5 in., housed in original frame, 10.75 x 16.75 in. Signed by William Furness as secretary and James Scott as president of Boston Marine Society. Original seal present. Original paper backing in place with the following inscription from Henry Skinner: Presented by Henry Skinner to his son Charles William Skinner of United States Navy, Norfolk Virginia 1st Jany 1834, aged 84 years, Henry Skinner of the revolutionary navy.

Although thought by some historians to be the Capt.

Skinner in George Washington’s “Secret Navy,” Henry Skinner was officially added to the Supplementary List of Continental Navy Captains in September 1779. He saw a long career on the seas - first in the Continental Navy during the Revolutionary War and later in the Merchant Service. In the year of his death [1834], he inscribed this certificate to his third son, Charles William Skinner, with whom he had taken up residence a few years prior. Charles followed his father’s footsteps by joining the US Navy where he quickly rose up the ranks. After succeeding Matthew Perry as Commodore towards the end of 1844, Commodore Charles William Skinner held command over the US naval vessels attempting to suppress the slave trade off the western African coast using the USS Jamestown as his flagship in 1845. President James K. Polk appointed Charles Skinner to head the Navy’s Bureau of Construction, Equipment, and Repair in 1847.

Property of Another Consignor $500 - $800 Verso Detail

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15 USS Constitution Watch, Quarter and Station Bill for 1839, Kept

by Lt. Peter Turner Quarto, marbled boards with leather spine, 7.75 x 12.5 in. overall, approx. 150pp, of which 100+ are filled with text. Boldly inscribed on front endpaper Lieut. Peter Turner / U.S. Frigate Constitution / September 12th, 1839., and on the first page, Watch Quarter and Station Bill / U.S. Frigate Constitution / bearing the Broad Pennant of Commodore Alexander Claxton, Commanding the U.S. Naval Forces in the Pacific Ocean, 1839. The book contains a list of the officers of the ship, records of men assigned to various watches, stations, other duties, diagrams of the masts with the assignments of each sailor, instructions and assigned duties in case of fire, and guidelines for common nautical actions (Making Sail, Hoisting, Clewing Down, Shortening Sail, Bringing Ship to Anchor, Counter Bracing, etc).

USS Constitution began her voyage as flagship of the Pacific Squadron on March 1, 1839, and spent most of the year patrolling the coast of Chile. Daniel Turner served as captain of the ship and took over command of the Pacific Squadron when Commodore Claxton died on board the Constitution in 1841. $4,000 - $6,000

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

JUNE 12, 2015 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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THE TURNER FAMILY NAVAL COLLECTION

16 Capt. Daniel Turner’s Lap Desk Used on the USS Constitution Lap desk, 11.75 x 18.75 x 6.75 in. high, with brass hardware, containing various items. The family inventory lists the desk as being Commodore Daniel Turner’s from his time commanding the USS Constitution, and a Constitution hat band found in one of the compartments is included in the lot. Also present is a 3-star, hand-sewn commissioning pennant, ca early 19th century, along with a spyglass, fife, percussion caps, a writing kit, and various writing utensils and accessories. $3,000 - $5,000

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17 Naval and Military Relics Collected by the Turner Family Lot includes: relic of the tree under which William Penn signed Penn’s Treaty with the Indians, 1683; relic of the HMS Endeavor, first ship to circle the world; relic of the USS Porcupine, noted for its role in the Battle of Lake Erie; six relics dug from the Battle of the Crater; relic of the flagstaff from Fort Fisher; four pieces of grapeshot from Fort Fisher, housed in a Winchester .32 cal. cartridge box; relic of the USS Merrimac (1894), sunk at Santiago de Cuba in 1898; all of the above housed in a box made from the wood of the USS Saranac (1848). $1,000 - $1,500

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JUNE 12, 2015 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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THE TURNER FAMILY NAVAL COLLECTION

18 US Militia Belt Buckle, Ca 1820s-1840 Ca 1825-1840 US militia belt buckle in an oval shape and featuring a shield eagle and the motto E Pluribus Unum. Worn by one of the Turner naval officers, though we cannot positively identify whom. $400 - $600

19 US Naval Belt, Buckle, and Sword Hanger Worn By Lt. Daniel Turner Two-piece buckle featuring an eagle perched atop a fouled anchor, surrounded by 17 stars, with gilt metal sword hanger, buff belt, plus an extra 56 in. of gold belt. Accompanied by a tag reading: Sword Belt worn by Lieut. Daniel Turner who commanded the “Caledonia” in the Battle of Lake Erie. $1,000 - $1,500

20 Commodore Daniel Turner’s 1841 Regulation Chapeau Pattern 1841 regulation felted beaver fur chapeau, housed in the original tin. Patriotic maker’s label inside hat for Oakford of Philadelphia. $1,000 - $1,500

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21 Commodore Daniel Turner’s Officer’s Shoulder Straps and Insignia Lot of 11, including shoulder straps for the ranks of captain, commander (two of one form, one of another), lieutenant, and surgeon, plus one missing the center, one hat insignia, two eagle-anchor insignia (probably from epaulets), and one collar insignia. $1,000 - $2,000

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THE TURNER FAMILY NAVAL COLLECTION 22 Daniel Turner’s Commodore’s Shoulder Scales 1841 regulation, commodore’s rank, housed in the original tin. $800 - $1,000

23 Peter Turner’s 1852 Regulation Captain’s Shoulder Scales 1852 regulation, captain’s rank, housed in the original tin. $600 - $800

24 Large Group of US Navy Uniform Buttons Ca 1850s-1860s naval uniform buttons. Includes 76 large (7/8 or 15/16 in.), 18 medium (11/16 in.), and 36 small (9/16 in.). Most produced by Horstman or W.H. Smith. $600 - $800

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JUNE 12, 2015 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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THE TURNER FAMILY NAVAL COLLECTION 25 Quarter Plate Daguerreotype of Commodore Peter Turner in Lieutenant’s Dress Uniform, Plus Lot of 9, including a quarter plate daguerreotype of Commodore Peter Turner (1803-1871) in US Navy dress uniform, taken at Rio de Janeiro in 1844 while serving as a lieutenant in the Brazil Squadron under his uncle, Commodore Daniel Turner (17941850). Daguerreotype is housed in a simple brown case with blue embossed mat, with an inked note stating the time and place of the photograph, and declaring it a “poor likeness.” Accompanied by a sixth plate and a ninth plate ambrotype of Peter Turner in civilian dress (from the same sitting), a CDV of Turner in commander’s uniform by Gutekunst, Philadelphia, dated Oct. 12, 1863, and 5 portraits of his wife, Sarah Stafford Jones Turner (1826-1875). Sarah’s portraits include a quarter plate daguerreotype dated 1852; a ninth plate daguerreotype with hand-colored flowers; 2 sixth plate ambrotypes; and a ninth plate ambrotype. $3,000 - $5,000

1of 9

26 Daguerreotypes of Commodore Peter Turner’s Sons, Daniel and William Jones Turner Lot of 6, including half plate daguerreotype of Commodore Peter Turner’s sons Daniel Turner (1848-1875) and William Jones Turner (1846-?), plus 4 sixth plates of each, all artfully composed, and a Japanese CDV of Daniel taken while Consul to Japan, ca 1870.

Daniel Turner died July 23, 1875, in Yokohama while serving as consul at Osaka. $800 - $1,000

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COWAN’S AMERICAN HISTORY

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THE TURNER FAMILY NAVAL COLLECTION

27 Half Plate Daguerreotype of Colonel Robert Brown Lawton, Plus Lot of 3, including half plate daguerreotype of Col. Robert Brown Lawton in profile, housed in a leather case with the gilt cover imprint of E. White & Co., New Orleans & New York, also containing a 4.75 x 5.75 in. profile pencil sketch, plus a ninth plate daguerreotype of a woman presumed to be his wife, Eliza Child Turner Lawton, who was the sister of Commodore Peter Turner. Robert Brown Lawton (d. 1876) served as colonel of the 1st Rhode Island Cavalry from Dec. 14, 1861 to July 1, 1862. $500 - $700

28 Three Daguerreotypes of Women Related to the Turner Family Lot of 3, including a quarter plate daguerreotype of Caroline Ann Jones, daughter of W.H. Jones, taken 1852, a sixth plate daguerreotype of Caroline Ann Jones, taken 1858, and a sixteenth plate daguerreotype of Susan Follett (d. 1856), taken 1851. All housed in pressed-paper cases with inked identification pinned to the pad. $300 - $500

29 Daguerreotypes of Men Related to the Turner Family Lot of 3, including a quarter plate daguerreotype of an unidentified couple, a sixth plate daguerreotype of William Henry Jones / taken 1854, and a sixth plate daguerreotype of John Edwin Jones / taken in 1857 just after his return from China.

All housed in pressed-paper cases, the latter two with inked identification pinned to the pad. $300 - $500

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

JUNE 12, 2015 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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US NAVY | Early Photography

30 Southworth & Hawes, Commodore Charles Morris, Three Daguerreotype Portraits Including Exceptionally Rare Whole Medallion Plate Lot of 3 daguerreotypes of Commodore Charles Morris by Albert S. Southworth and Josiah J. Hawes, including 1 whole “medallion” plate and 1 whole plate, each with credit and date hand etched on the reverse of plate, and housed in 11.5 x 13.5 in. frame, plus 1 half plate housed in leather case. Ca 1850-1855.

A native of Woodstock, CT, Charles Morris (1784-1856) was born to Charles Morris and Miriam Nichols. As a result of his father’s position as a purser for the Navy in the Quasi-War with France, Charles was able to get an appointment as a midshipman in 1799, at the age of 15. Morris was onboard the USS Constitution, or “Old Ironsides,” as it sailed to Tripoli in 1803. He was selected by Stephen Decatur to participate in the raid to destroy the captured Philadelphia, whose deck Morris was the first to reach.

During the War of 1812, Morris was first lieutenant under Captain Isaac Hull on the Constitution. He was severely wounded during the ship’s battle with the HMS Guerriere, and received a promotion to captain for his efforts. Following his recovery from the wounds, Morris commanded the Adams in raiding expeditions against British merchant ships.

From 1815-1817, Morris served aboard the Congress. He was promoted to commodore, and commanded the Portsmouth and Boston Navy Yards until being appointed to the Navy Board of Commissioners in 1823, a position he held until 1827, and again from 1832-1841. During this time, Morris was credited for instituting a number of naval reforms.

From 1851-1856, Morris served as chief of the Bureau of Ordnance and 20

COWAN’S AMERICAN HISTORY

Hydrography, which included the responsibility of supervising the newly established Naval Academy at Annapolis, MD. Morris died on January 27, 1856, and he is regarded by many as the foremost figure of the US Navy as it existed before the Civil War. (Information obtained from the William L. Clements Library website, May 5, 2015.)

Albert Southworth (1811-1894) and Josiah Hawes (1808-1901) are considered masters of American photography, partnering in the earliest days of Daguerreian-era photography in the US. From the outset of their partnership, Southworth and Hawes sought to make the new medium an art, and they are regarded not only as technical innovators, but also as true artists, producing some of the most aesthetically superior portraits of the Daguerreian era.

The 3 daguerreotypes offered today are comprised of 11 portraits of Commodore Morris, including the exceptionally rare “medallion” portrait, which was considered technically the most challenging to produce during the 1850s. Robert Sobieszek and Odette Appel describe the process as follows in The Daguerreotypes of Southworth & Hawes (1980): “Using the sliding plate-holder Southworth had patented in 1855, Southworth & Hawes further exploited this medallion (or hard-edged vignetting) style by continuing the process for eight sequential exposures of different, rotating poses of the unidentified subject...the sitter’s face is presented as a visual charting of the lunar cycle by the arrangements of the face from ‘new’ to ‘full’ in various quarters and careful bisecting of the black and white background” (p.36).

Sobieszek and Appel also include an excerpt from a March 1851 Photographic Art Journal article by W.A. Pratt, which provides further information regarding the “medallion” technique: BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

US NAVY | Early Photography

“Cut an oval opening in the centre of a piece of Bristol board, the size of the plate on which you wish to operate, and surround the edges with other openings...to resemble lacework...place the Bristol board over the [coated plate], and let it remain during its exposure in the camera, and over the mercury...it is necessary to have a large oval cut in a white screen...to correspond with the oval on the plate. This is to stand between the sitter and camera...” (p.36).

In addition to the whole “medallion” plate daguerreotype of Morris offered here, only two other examples of the “medallion” style by Southworth & Hawes are known to exist, each capturing unidentified subjects. One is housed at the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, and the other is included in the Metropolitan Museum of Art Collection.

This exceptional group of daguerreotypes was exhibited in Young America: The Daguerreotypes of Southworth & Hawes, 2005-2006, at the International Center of Photography, the George Eastman House, and the Addison Gallery of Art, and the images are illustrated in the exhibition catalogue as follows: Whole Plate Profile, Cat. No. 250; Whole Medallion Plate, Cat. No. 251; Half Plate, Cat. No. 252.

Southworth and Hawes produced a fourth portrait of Morris during the same sitting, which was donated to the Metropolitan Museum of Art in 1937.

The Family of Josiah Johnson Hawes; William J. MacPherson; Private Collector $15,000 - $25,000

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

JUNE 12, 2015 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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THE MEXICAN WAR | Cased Images The Adams Family of South Carolina A collection of photographs and manuscripts concerning one of South Carolina’s oldest and most prominent families. Lots 31-37, 103 The Adams family came to the area near present day Columbia, SC, in the mid-18th century, acquired major land holdings, and became prosperous plantation owners. They were strongly involved in political and military affairs of their state, region, and country, playing major roles in state government as well as the Mexican American and Civil Wars.

James Adams, son of Henry Coker Adams, emigrated from England to Virginia in the early seventeenth century seeking a new life in colonial America. There, he married Agnes Walker and fathered two children before Agnes’ death in 1755. One of the children died early, the other, Joel, survived into adulthood.

Joel Adams was born February 4, 1750, in Culpepper, VA. He was the first of the family to settle in lower Richland County, SC, at Wavering Place in 1768. He married Grace Weston in 1773 and together they bore seven children. Before the American Revolution, Joel began acquiring land along the Congaree River in lower Richland County, accumulating 25,000 acres of plantations in the area. In the Revolutionary War, he was a leader of South Carolina militia forces and served in the Continental Army. He strongly believed in education, and political and military service to one’s state and country. Two of his children were educated at Yale. He died July 8, 1830, in Richland, SC, where he is buried.

One of Joel’s sons, Henry Walker Adams, had the unfortunate situation of losing his wife (Mary Goodwyn) and then dying himself at the early age of 25, leaving behind a son, James Hopkins Adams.

Joel raised his grandson until his own death.

James Hopkins Adams was born March 15, 1812, in the Richland District in South Carolina, and died there July 13, 1861. He graduated from Yale in 1831, married Jane Margaret Scott in April 1832, and they had eleven children. He was Brigadier General of Cavalry for the South Carolina Militia and served several terms as a State Representative and State Senator. In 1854, he was elected to be the 66th Governor of South Carolina, serving through 1856. As a member of the “Convention of the People” in 1860-1861, he was a signatory to the South Carolina Ordinance of Secession. Subsequently, Adams served as a Commissioner of South Carolina to the US government to negotiate the transfer of United States property in South Carolina to the state government. He died at Live Oak, his country residence, and is buried in St. John’s Episcopal Churchyard in Congaree, SC. This collection principally concerns one of J. H. Adams children, Warren Adams, (1838–1884) who was a Lieutenant Colonel in the CSA. He was in command of the First South Carolina Infantry Regiment at Battery Wagner, Charleston, SC (Lots 32-35, 37).

Images and documents related to extended family members, such as 2nd Lieutenant David Adams, KIA in the Mexican American War (Lot 31), and Captain Robert Adams, Charleston Light Dragoons (Lot 36) are also included in the collection, as well as an archive of material regarding the Sinkler & Darby Families, relatives through marriage (Lot 103).

31 Brady Gallery, Quarter Plate Daguerreotype Believed to be 2nd Lt. David Adams, South Carolina Palmetto Regiment, KIA Mexican War Quarter plate daguerreotype of a gentleman identified by Adams Family descendants as David Adams (1824-1847) of Aiken County, SC, wearing a civilian, double-breasted frock coat and what appears to be a ca 1839 military cap covered with oil cloth. Housed in full case with velvet mat stamped Brady’s Gallery/ 205-207/ Broadway New York.

Mathew Brady operated a studio at this address from 1844-1858, and this portrait was likely taken ca 1845-1846. The Adams Family believes that David Adams was a cousin to Warren Adams’ father, J.H. Adams, but the relationship has not been confirmed.

The year 1846 brought war to the United States and Mexico. South Carolina provided one regiment of infantry to the conflict. Known as the Palmetto Regiment, South Carolina Volunteers, the men were under the command of Colonel Pierce Mason Butler, formerly a US Army officer and State Governor. The unit was accepted into federal service in December 1846 and disbanded at the close of the war in June and July 1848.

Company D, the “Old Ninety-Six Boys,” was under the command of Captain Preston S. Brooks, with Joseph Abney, Lafayette B. Weaver, and David Adams acting as Lieutenants. They served Major General Winfield Scott in his campaign against Mexico City. On August 20th, 1847, during the assault of Churubusco just outside Mexico City, Colonel Butler and Lieutenant Adams were killed and Lieutenant Abney was severely wounded. The Palmetto Regiment suffered some of the most severe losses in the battle and Campaign.

Descended in the Family of Confederate Lt. Colonel Warren Adams $1,000 - $1,500

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THE CIVIL WAR | Cased Images | Confederate Lieutenant Colonel Warren Adams Adams was the son of South Carolina Governor James Hopkins Adams and Jane Margaret Scott Adams. He was born November 28, 1838, in Minervaville, Richland County, SC. He graduated from The Citadel, Military College of South Carolina, in 1859. Adams married Nathalie Heyward, daughter of Senator Nathaniel Heyward, in May 1866, and had nine children, four of whom survived him. Adams was an active participant in several battles in the Civil War, but most notably at Battery Wagner. He was seriously wounded at the Battle of Bentonville, NC, but survived his wounds and returned to Stony Hill Plantation in Kingsville, SC, living there until his death on November 5, 1884. Adams is buried at St. John’s Episcopal Church, Congaree, SC. Adams’ most notable achievement of the Civil War was his command of the 1st South Carolina Infantry Regiment in defense of Battery Wagner at Charleston. He fended off the attacks of the African American 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry led by Colonel Robert Gould Shaw. Attacked twice on July 11 and July 18, 1863, Adams was able to repel the Union forces with only modest losses. Colonel Shaw was killed in the second assault. The fort eventually succumbed to siege when the Confederates abandoned it on the evening of September 6-7, 1863. The Battles of Battery Wagner are the source of the 1989 movie Glory. Adams went on to serve the 2nd South Carolina Cavalry and was shot from his saddle at the Battle of Bentonville in 1865.

32 Salted Paper Photograph of Warren Adams While at the Citadel, Posed with Fellow Cadets Salted paper photograph, 5.5 x 7.5 in. (sight), matted and housed in what appears to be the original frame, 11.75 x 13.75 in. An exceptional studio portrait of three young cadets from The Citadel, posed together in full dress uniform, their sashes tinted red. The gentleman seated at right has been identified as Warren Adams, but we have been unable to identify the other cadets, presumably from the class of 1859.

Founded in 1842, The Citadel, The Military College of South

Carolina, located in Charleston, is one of six Senior Military Colleges in the United States. During his time at The Citadel, Adams served as Commandant of the Corps of Cadets.

Descended in the Family of Confederate Lt. Colonel Warren Adams $3,000 - $5,000

33 Quarter Plate, Civil War Ruby Ambrotype of Warren Adams in Uniform Quarter plate ruby ambrotype of Warren Adams, as identified by Adams Family descendants, dressed in a gray-tinted Confederate frock coat, the buttons and collar highlighted in gold. Housed in full pressed-paper case.

Descended in the Family of Confederate Lt. Colonel Warren Adams $1,500 - $2,500

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

JUNE 12, 2015 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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THE CIVIL WAR | Cased Images | Confederate 34 Sixth Plate, Civil War Ambrotype of Lt. Colonel Warren Adams, by George S. Cook, Plus Cabinet Photographs Sixth plate ambrotype of Lt. Colonel Warren Adams dressed in his Confederate uniform, with captain’s collar rank and sleeve braid highlighted in gold, housed in leather, push-button case with velvet pad marked Geo. S. Cook/ Artist/ Charleston. Considered the “Matthew Brady” of the South, Cook (1819-1902) took the first combat photograph known. The ambrotype is accompanied by 2 companion cabinet photographs of Adams (paper copy of the ambrotype) and his wife Nathalie Heyward Adams, each bearing a Sterry, Albany, NY, studio backmark.

Descended in the Family of Confederate Lt. Colonel Warren Adams $4,000 - $6,000

35 Pre and Post-Civil War Photographs of Warren Adams, Including Half Plate Ambrotype by George S. Cook Lot of 5, comprised of 4 cased images of Warren Adams taken before and after the Civil War, including: quarter plate daguerreotype of a young Adams, with later penciled identification on tape affixed to cover glass, housed in full thermoplastic Union case; quarter plate daguerreotype of a group of 4 young men including Adams, identified as sitting second from left, housed in full pressed paper case; half plate ambrotype of Adams housed in full leather, push-button case bearing George S. Cook’s Charleston studio mark on back. It has been suggested by the family that this portrait was taken during the time that Adams worked as a teacher in North Carolina, prior to the Civil War; post-war, sixth plate ambrotype of Adams in civilian clothing, housed in half pressed-paper case. The images are accompanied by a leather Crouch & Fitzgerald document bag, 8.75 x 10.75 in., which was discovered among Adams’ belongings and was believed to have been used by him at some point. An inked identification inside the bag indicates that it was later utilized by J.H. Mayne, N.Y.S. RVS. Descended in the Family of Confederate Lt. Colonel Warren Adams $1,500 - $2,500

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THE CIVIL WAR | Cased Images | Confederate 36 Sixth Plate Daguerreotype Portrait Identified by Descendants as Captain Robert Adams, Charleston Light Dragoons Anonymous, sixth plate daguerreotype of a young, uniformed gentleman identified by Adams Family descendants as Robert Adams, the first cousin (once removed) of Lt. Colonel Warren Adams. Housed in full thermoplastic Union case with Holmes, Booth & Haydens’ studio imprint in case behind image, although it cannot be confirmed that the case is original to the daguerreotype.

Robert Adams was born December 24, 1832, in the Lower Richland District of South Carolina. He was the son of Robert Adams and Charlotte Belton Pickett Adams (grandson of Joel Adams and first cousin to James H. Adams). Robert was married to Eveline McCord of Philadelphia, who was a great grandniece of Betsy Ross. He worked as a cotton planter prior to the Civil War. Adams served in the Charleston Light Dragoons, of the 4th Regiment South Carolina Cavalry. He enlisted on April 10, 1861, and served in many engagements, finally being wounded and captured at the Battle of Old Church, VA, on May 30, 1864. Subsequently, he was held as a POW at Elmira, NY. Adams died May 12, 1882, at the age of 49 in Richland County, SC. The Fourth Regiment was active primarily in the Eastern Theater of the War, serving in the Department of South Carolina, Georgia and Florida, under General P.G.T. Beauregard until it was transferred to the Army of Northern Virginia in March 1864. In January 1865, the 4th SC Cavalry was transferred to the Department of Tennessee and Georgia.

Robert Adams was the subject of the 2007 movie The Last Confederate, with descendants Julian Adams and Ambassador Weston Adams in starring roles.

Descended in the Family of Confederate Lt. Colonel Warren Adams $1,500 - $2,500

37 CSA Lt. Colonel Warren Adams & Family, Collection of Photographs, Incl. Images of Family Slaves, Plus Personal Papers Adams Family Archive of Photographs and Papers, highlights being images of Warren’s wife Natalie and his children, plus other family members (approx. 17 cased images, CDVs, and large format photos), plus the album pages featuring images of Natalie later in life, and images of the Adams’ family slaves in the early 20th century. Plus small group of paperwork, including 1881 letter from Warren to his son, patent documents, manuscript of Adams Family lineage, book on Heyward family.

Descended in the Family of Confederate Lt. Colonel Warren Adams $1,000 - $1,500

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

JUNE 12, 2015 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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THE CIVIL WAR | Cased Images | Confederate

38 Confederate Photographer, George S. Cook, Sixth Plate Ambrotype of Wife, Elizabeth Smith Francisco, Plus Sixth plate ambrotype of a young woman wearing a striped gown and gold tinted jewelry, housed in full leather, push-button case, with velvet mat stamped Geo. S. Cook/ Artist/ Charleston. Although the ambrotype lacks period identification, the woman has been tentatively identified as George Cook’s wife, Elizabeth Smith Francisco, through a comparison with a known portrait of Cook, his wife Elizabeth, two of their children, and Elizabeth’s niece, Lavinia Pratt, who would later marry Cook after the death of her aunt. The Cook family portrait is illustrated in Photographer...Under Fire: The Story of George S. Cook (1819-1902), by Jack Ramsay, Jr. (1994: p.29). A copy of Ramsay’s book accompanies the lot.

Born in Stratford, CT, George S. Cook (1819-1902), studied painting in New Orleans at the time that photography was introduced in America in 1839. He immediately adopted the medium and established a gallery in New Orleans before setting out to teach photographic techniques to others in small, southern towns.

In 1846, Cook married Elizabeth Smith Francisco, a native of New Jersey. According to a family document referenced in Photographer...

Under Fire, it was believed that Elizabeth was of “Portuguese origin,” and a “descendant of ‘a hero of the American Revolution...Peter Francisco’” (p.28). In the late 1840s, Cook settled in Charleston, SC, to raise a family with Elizabeth, and he became one of the principal Confederate photographers during the Civil War. He gained notoriety for recording the gradual deterioration of Fort Sumter and Charleston. In the fall of 1863, Elizabeth fell ill and became bedridden, subsequently passing away in April 1864. Two years later, in September 1866, Cook married Elizabeth’s niece, Lavinia Pratt, who was 18 years younger than her husband. After moving his family to Richmond in 1880, Cook’s older son, George LaGrange Cook, took over the Charleston studio. Cook remained an active photographer throughout the remainder of his life, and after his death on November 27, 1902, his younger son Huestis Cook, who also had an interest in photography, took over the studio in Richmond. $500 - $700

39 Jefferson Davis, Rare Ferrotype Badge Jefferson Davis ferrotype, approx. 1 in. dia. overall. Although it is possible that a portrait of Pierre G.T. Beauregard appears on the opposite side, this cannot be confirmed without removing the ferrotype from the mount. Research reveals that this image may have been issued after the fall of Fort Sumter and the outbreak of hostilities or following the Confederate victory at First Manassas. $1,000 - $1,500

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THE CIVIL WAR | Cased Images | Union 40 Quarter Plate Ambrotype of Pvt. William W. Ewing, Pennsylvania 3rd Cavalry, KIA, and his Young Son in Uniform Quarter plate ambrotype of a gentleman in civilian clothing posed with a young boy, presumably his son, dressed in military uniform, with a sword tucked in his belt. The gentleman is identified in the penciled inscription written inside the case, behind the image: Sept. 22 1861/ sent from Alexandria/ Va./ Wm. Ewing shot accidentally/ on the 4th March 1862/ at Camp Marcy Va. Housed in half case.

William Wise Ewing of Cumberland County, PA, enlisted as a private on August 17, 1861, and was mustered into Co. H of the Pennsylvania 3rd Cavalry, which became a fixture in the Army of the Potomac Cavalry Corps. Within less than a year, Ewing was accidentally killed on March 4, 1862, at Camp Marcy, VA. HDS indicates that Ewing was buried at Dickinson Presbyterian Cemetery in Cumberland County, PA. The Pennsylvania 3rd Cavalry went on to participate in numerous battles during the war, including Antietam, Gettysburg, the Wilderness, Spottsylvania Court House, and Cold Harbor. $500 - $700

41 Quarter Plate Tintype of Armed Union Soldier Posed in Front of the Stars and Stripes Attractively hand-colored quarter plate tintype featuring an unidentified, mustached Civil War soldier standing in a studio setting, with the American flag hanging behind him. The subject wears a pattern 1855 light artillery shell jacket, a pattern 1858 forage cap, and a revolver holster on an unusually wide, hidden buckle belt.

Housed in full, pressed-paper case. $600 - $800

42 Civil War Quarter Plate Tintype of African American First Sergeant Quarter plate tintype providing a full-length portrait of an unidentified, African American sergeant standing in front of a painted military backdrop. He is wearing a nine-button frock coat, a forage kepi, and cross belt for a sword scabbard. The first sergeant holds an NCO sword, and he is wearing a red-tinted NCO sash with gold-tinted rectangular NCO buckle. Housed in half case.

William Gladstone Collection of Early Photography & African Americana $500 - $700

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

JUNE 12, 2015 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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THE CIVIL WAR | Cased Images | Union

43 Civil War Cased Images of Soldiers Displaying Colt Revolvers Lot of 3, including: sixth plate tintype of a cavalryman wearing a cavalry kepi with oilcloth cover, displaying a Colt 1860 Army revolver; sixth plate tintype of a soldier displaying a Colt percussion revolver, with another revolver tucked in his belt; and a sixth plate ambrotype of a soldier armed with a Colt 1851 Navy revolver, holding a cavalry sabre in his other hand. First two housed in Union cases with floral/ scroll designs, third in a patriotic Union case featuring flags, shields, and crossed cannons. $600 - $800

44 Carved Tagua Nut Jewelry Featuring Ferrotypes of Union Generals Lot of 2 “sweethearts’ bracelets” featuring 0.5 in. tintypes of Union generals set in carved tagua nut and made into a bracelet. One with blue glass beads featuring Generals Grant, Burnside, and Sherman, the other featuring Generals McClellan, Buell, and Rosecrans (spelled Rosenkranz). $800 - $1,200

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THE CIVIL WAR | CDVs & Albums 45 Civil War CDV Album Containing Confederate & Union Generals and Politicians Re-bound leather album containing 37 CDVs and tintypes. Notables include: Abraham Lincoln, uncredited vignette with period inscription about his assassination on verso; John Wilkes Booth, uncredited; CSA Gen. John B. Magruder; CSA Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard; CSA Gen. Felix Zollicoffer; CSA Gen. Joseph E. Johnston; CSS Alabama Capt.

Raphael Semmes; Gen. John Hunt Morgan, albumen print of an illustration, with verso revenue stamp with cancelation stamp of Olsen, Shreveport, LA; lithographed carte of an engraving of Libby Prison; In Memoriam hand-colored carte featuring the second national flag of the CSA, backmark of Bryan & McCarter, Columbia, SC; Union Gen. Ulysses S. Grant, vignette by Brady with verso revenue stamp; Union Gen. McClellan and wife, backmark of Anthony/Brady, with revenue stamp; Union Gen. W.T. Sherman, uncredited; Capt. Martin Van Buren Richardson, 2nd USVRC, late 4th New Hampshire, carte in civilian clothing, signed on verso and with revenue stamp; carte of a Union Navy assistant paymaster, identified on verso as Henry St. John of the steamer Restless; an unidentified Union cavalry sergeant; an unidentified Union lieutenant; three unidentified Union privates; a tintype of two men displaying slices of fruit; and 16 CDVs and tintypes of civilian men, women, and children. $600 - $800

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THE CIVIL WAR | CDVs & Cabinet Cards | Confederate

46 CSA General Daniel H. Hill CDV Rare, vignetted view of Confederate General Daniel Harvey Hill in uniform, no backmark.

Brother-in-law to Thomas “Stonewall� Jackson, Hill (1821-1889) became colonel of the 1st North Carolina Infantry at the outbreak of the Civil War, and he quickly attained the rank of brigadier general. Hill served the Confederacy with distinction in the East until he was transferred to the Army of Tennessee, where he saw action at Chickamauga and Chattanooga. However, Hill was relieved as a result of criticizing General Braxton Bragg, but he went on to serve briefly at Petersburg and in the Carolinas with his close friend, General Joseph Johnston. $900 - $1,200

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

JUNE 12, 2015 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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THE CIVIL WAR | CDVs & Cabinet Cards | Confederate

47 CSA Lt. General Simon B. Buckner, Signed Cabinet Photograph Cabinet card photograph featuring a vignetted view of General Simon B. Buckner in his Confederate uniform, with three stars visible on his collar. Signed below portrait S. B. Buckner/ Lieut General. No studio imprint. Buckner was made a Lieutenant General on September 20, 1864, and this card was likely signed by him ca 1865.

During the Civil War, Buckner (1823-1914) was posted primarily in the Western Theatre (Kentucky, Tennessee, West Louisiana). He later served as 30th Governor of Kentucky. $1,500 - $2,000

48 CSA Lt. General E. Kirby Smith, Signed Cabinet Photograph Rare cabinet card photograph of an aged E. Kirby Smith, with Spencer Judd’s Sewanee, TN. imprint and E. Kirby Smith autographed on mount below image.

Edmund Kirby Smith (1824-1893) was a Confederate lieutenant general who led at First Manassas where he was severely wounded.

He commanded forces in the Trans-Mississippi Department, crushing Banks in the Red River Campaign. Kirby was appointed general in the provisional army in February 1864, and did not surrender his army until May 26, 1865. $600 - $800

The Civil War | CDVs | Union | Officers & Enlisted Men 49 James A. Garfield, Rare CDV as Brigadier General Half-length pose of James A. Garfield in brigadier general’s uniform, from a negative by Brady, though this example lacks a backmark. $400 - $600

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THE CIVIL WAR | CDVs | Union | Officers & Enlisted Men 50 Bvt. Brig. General Charles S. Lovell, CDV and Commission, Plus Lot of 3, including CDV and appointment to brevet colonel, housed in a personalized metal container.

CDV is a three-quarter-length pose as major or lieutenant colonel with the blindstamp of photographer G.D. Hamilton at lower left.

Commission is vellum, 15.75 x 19.25 in., dated September 10, 1866, with the printed signatures of President Andrew Johnson and Secretary of War Edwin Stanton, appointing Lovell brevet colonel for gallant and meritorious service at Malvern Hill on July 1, 1862, housed in a metal tube painted Commission of Bvt. Brig. Gen. Charles S. Lovell, US Army.

Charles Swain Lovell (1811-1871) served as captain in the 6th US Infantry during the Mexican War and remained in the US Army until his retirement in 1870. During the Civil War, he served as major in the 10th US Infantry, lieutenant colonel of the 18th US Infantry, and colonel of the 14th US Infantry. He was awarded three brevets for service at Gaines’ Mill, Malvern Hill, and Antietam. $500 - $700

51 Relic of Col. Elmer Ellsworth’s Flag, Plus CDVs of Ellsworth and Brownell Lot of 3, including a relic of Ellsworth’s flag sewed onto a 3.75 x 4 in. piece of paper with ink identification A Piece of the Flag Col. Ellsworth raised on the Marshall House, 1861; a CDV of Ellsworth published by J. Gurney & Son, 1863, with an explanation on verso as to the head of the goddess of liberty mysteriously appearing in the print after retouching (though we do not see it); and a fine CDV of Francis E. Brownell, Ellsworth’s avenger, published by E. Anthony in 1861 from a Brady negative.

The inscription above the relic is erroneous, of course, as Ellsworth did not raise a flag but rather removed the large “secession flag” flying atop the Marshall House Inn in Alexandria, VA. Col. Ellsworth was especially offended as the flag was visible to Abraham Lincoln in the White House, and when he entered Alexandria with the 11th New York on May 24, 1861, he was determined to take it down.

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While descending the stairs with the flag, he was confronted by the innkeeper, an ardent secessionist named James W. Jackson, who fired a shotgun blast into Ellsworth’s chest at point blank, but Francis E. Brownell, a corporal in Ellsworth’s “Fire Zouaves,” responded immediately with a fatal bayonet strike to Jackson. Col. Ellsworth was the first conspicuous Union casualty of the war and the incident became a rallying point for soldiers and citizens throughout the North. Pieces of the flag, Ellsworth’s uniform, the Marshall House sign, and even the bloodstained floorboards immediately became popular patriotic souvenirs, and over 30 years later the event was still memorable enough that Brownell’s wife was able to sell small pieces of the flag to raise money following her husband’s death.

Brownell was awarded the Medal of Honor in 1877, and the remaining section of the flag eventually ended up in the New York State Military Museum, and relics such as the one offered here reside in the Smithsonian and other notable collections. $2,500 - $3,500

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THE CIVIL WAR | CDVs | Union | Officers & Enlisted Men

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52 1st Lieut. Francis Brownell, Autographed CDV, Plus Poem Lot of 2, featuring a rare carte of 1st. Lieut. Francis Brownell in uniform, proudly displaying the medals on his jacket, while holding a Staff Officer’s sword in his left hand, beautifully autographed on verso Frank E. Brownell/ USA, with Gurney & Son, New York imprint. The CDV is accompanied by an anonymous manuscript poem, 5 x 8 in., addressed to the Army, honoring Elmer Ellsworth, the first conspicuous casualty of the Civil War. The poem states in part: Our response all hearts shall thrill:/ Ellsworth’s fame is with us still,/ Ne’er to pass away!/ Bring that rebel banner low,/ Hoisted by a treacherous foe/ I was for that they dealt the blow,/ Laid him in the dust.

Francis E. Brownell (1840-1894), 11th New York, made famous as Ellsworth’s Avengers for which he was later awarded the Medal of Honor in 1877. After slaying Elmer Ellsworth’s murderer (innkeeper James W. Jackson) on the stairs of the Marshall House and posing for a popular Brady CDV standing on the Secessionist rag that caused Ellsworth’s martyrdom, Brownell became an officer in the regular 11th US Infantry. He resigned his commission in November 1863. Thereafter, Brownell saw to his own reputation, twice petitioning the War Department for the Medal of Honor and becoming a self-appointed custodian of Ellsworth memorabilia and keeper of the flame. $1,500 - $2,000

53 Civil War CDV of Lt. Col. Lloyd Aspinwall and African American Servant, by Mathew Brady CDV of an outdoor camp scene, featuring a young African American servant wearing a fez-type hat with long tassel, shell jacket, and boots, and holding an officer’s sword in his right hand, and a sash and tray with cup and saucer in his left hand. The officer, identified in pencil on verso as Lt. Col. Lloyd Aspinwall, 22nd NYSNG, at Harper’s Ferry, VA, 1862, is visible at right, peeking out from inside the tent. With Mathew Brady’s New York and Washington, DC, studio imprint.

William Gladstone Collection of Early Photography & African Americana $500 - $700

The Civil War | CDVs | Union | Naval Officers 54 Signed CDV of David G. Farragut as Vice Admiral, Plus CDV by J. Gurney & Son, New York, ink signed on verso Presented by D.G. Farragut / Vice Admiral / U.S. Navy, plus an albumen CDV after an engraving.

The Paul DeHaan Collection of Items Related to Admiral D.G. Farragut and the USS Hartford $1,000 - $1,500

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THE CIVIL WAR | CDVs | Union | Naval Officers

55 Admiral David G. Farragut, Two CDVs by Black & Case, Boston, One Signed Lot of 2 CDVs of the same pose (one vignetted) by photographers Black & Case, Boston & Newport, RI. Full view is ink signed on verso Verso Detail D.G. Farragut / Vice Admiral, the vignette with ink identification in another hand on recto.

The Paul DeHaan Collection of Items Related to Admiral D.G. Farragut and the USS Hartford $1,000 - $1,500

56 Admiral David G. Farragut CDVs by New Orleans Photographers, Plus Lot of 4, including cartes by New Orleans photographers E. Jacobs, McPherson & Oliver, and Anderson & Turner, plus a view by Brady & Co. The Paul DeHaan Collection of Items Related to Admiral D.G. Farragut and the USS Hartford $600 - $800

THE CIVIL WAR | CDVs & Cabinet Cards | Union 57 African American Sgt. Peter H. Butler, 19th USCT, CDV A fine image of an African American soldier, ink inscribed on verso, Peter H. Butler/B. Co. 19th U.S.C.T./ Leonardtown, Md./Dec. 26th 1866. A casual Sergeant Butler holds a slouch hat with rarely seen, prominent white 25th Corps badge and ostrich feather. Butler joined Company B. on January 3, 1864 and mustered out in Texas on January 15, 1867.

William Gladstone Collection of Early Photography & African Americana $800 - $1,200

58 Pvt. Richard S. Winslow, 54th Massachusetts Volunteers, Post-Civil War Cabinet Photograph Oval-length photograph, 3 x 4.125 in., on 4.25 x 6.5 in. mount bearing the studio imprint of Holloway, Newport RI/ Rockland, Mass.

The subject is ink identified below portrait as Richard S. Winslow, Co. H, 54th Regt., Mass. Vols. 1863-4-5. He wears a jacket with GAR buttons, as well as a GAR Veteran’s medal on his right breast. Mount verso appears to be ink signed by Winslow, although the signature cannot be confirmed, and a penciled note indicates that the photograph came from GAR Post 83, South Shore, MA. An attractive post-war portrait of Winslow, who enlisted on December 10, 1863, as a private in the 54th Massachusetts Volunteers, the famed African American regiment. Although he was accidentally wounded in the foot at Sumter, SC, on April 10, 1865, Winslow served with the 54th until September of 1865.

William Gladstone Collection of Early Photography & African Americana $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | Large Format Images 59 West Point Year Book, Class of May 6, 1861 Large octavo, 8.5 x 10 in., leather year book with gilt embossed boards and spine, cover identified to James McQuesten, U.S.A., spine embossed West-Point Graduates 1861, containing 57 oval albumen photographs, 5.25 x 7.25 in., mounted one per page, front and back, each divided by tissue guard, with most identified in pencil on mount by previous owner. Included are 11 photographs of various faculty members and 46 members of the May 6 graduating class. The year book also contains 2 photos of members of the June 1861 class: Justin Dimmick and Daniel Flagler.

At the beginning of 1861, West Point was in turmoil as was the rest of the United States. P.T.G. Beauregard of Louisiana had been appointed Superintendent of West Point, replacing Richard Delafield. Within a very short time Beauregard was relieved of his command when he made it known that if Louisiana seceded from the Union, he would approve. He was quickly replaced by Richard Delafield who again held the Superintendent’s post for two months until Alexander Hamilton Bowman replaced him.

The majority of the cadets were from the North, but there was representation of southern students, which created unrest on campus. On April 12, 1861, the Civil War officially began with the firing on Fort Sumter. One day later Secretary of War Edwin Stanton required all West Point cadets to take an oath of allegiance to the United States. Many students from southern states refused to do this and subsequently left campus.

Graduation was scheduled for June of 1861.

However, President Lincoln’s need for trained soldiers in the Union army was so high that the event was moved to May 6, 1861. At this time, 45 students graduated, minus one who deserted before the actual graduation.

Training was intensified so that the class that was to have graduated in June of 1862 actually finished their work in two months and a second commencement was held in June of 1861. Thirty-four cadets were included in this group, including George Armstrong Custer who was at the very bottom of his class.

Among the instructors, John F. Reynolds is pictured in the album.

Reynolds was one of the Union Army’s most respected senior commanders, and he played a key role in committing the Army of the Potomac to the Battle of Gettysburg; however, he was killed at the start of the battle.

The following cadets are pictured in the album and are listed here in order of their class rank. Indicated following the name is whether the graduate served in the Union Army (U) or in the Confederate Army (C).

An asterisk indicates the soldier was killed in the Civil War: Henry A. Du Pont (U), Charles E. Cross (U* Fredericksburg), Orville E. Babcock (U), Henry W. Kingsbury (U*Antietam), Adelbert Ames (U), Llewellyn G. Hoxton (C), Albert R. Buffington (U), Emory Upton (U), Nathaniel R. Chambliss (C), Edmund Kirby (U*Chancellorsville), John I. Rodgers (U), Samuel N. Benjamin (U), John Adair (deserted), John W. Barlow (U), Charles E. Hazlett (U*Gettysburg), Charles E. Patterson (C*Shiloh), Judson Kilpatrick (U), Franklin Harwood (U), George W. Dresser (U), Charles McK. Leoser (U), Henry C. Hasbrouck (U), William A. Elderkin (U), Francis A. Davies (U), Charles C. Campbell (C), Malbone F. Watson (U), John B. Williams (U), Guy V. Henry (U), Jacob H. Smyser (U), Jacob B. Rawles (U), Erskine Gittings (U), J. Ford Kent (U), Eugene B. Beaumont (U), Leonard Martin (U), John S. Poland (U), Robert L. Eastman (U), Henry B. Noble (U), Leroy L. Janes (U), Campbell D. Emory (U), James F. McQuesten (U*Opequon, VA), George O. Sokalski (U), 34

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Olin F. Rice (C*Opequon, VA), Wright Rives (U), Charles H. Gibson (U), Mathias W. Henry (C), and Sheldon Sturgeon (U).

Eight of these cadets graduating In May of 1861 returned to West Point in some capacity during their careers, either to teach or to take administrative positions. Several entered the field of politics: Adelbert Ames became a governor and then a senator from Mississippi after Reconstruction. Others became businessmen; the most notable being Henry A. Du Pont who returned to Delaware after the War to run his family’s company. Some spent their entire careers in the military, as engineers, artillery men, and moving on to the western frontier after the Civil War. Five of the graduates received the Medal of Honor for their service in the Civil War: Henry A. Du Pont, Guy V. Henry, Eugene B. Beaumont, Adelbert Ames, and Samuel Benjamin. $10,000 - $15,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Large Format Images 60 General W.T. Sherman, Large Format Albumen Photograph Albumen photograph, 15 x 18.5 in., mounted, 19.25 x 22.75 in. No photographer’s credit, but believed to be from a sitting with Mathew Brady ca 1869, after Sherman received his appointment to General of the Army of the United States. $1,000 - $1,500

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61 Civil War Collodion Glass Negatives of Identified Generals, Including W.T. Sherman Lot of 8 Civil War-period collodion glass negatives, including: 4 CDV-sized exposures on same plate of General William T. Sherman, 9 x 7.5 in.; 2 CDV-sized exposures of General James W. Forsyth, 4.5 x 6.5 in.; 2 CDV-sized exposures of General John Milton Brannan,

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4.5 x 6.5 in.; 2 CDV-sized exposures of General John Grubb Parke, 4.5 x 6.5 in.; 2 CDV-sized exposures of officer identified on accompanying label as General Henry Wagner Halleck (questionable), 4.5 x 5 5/8 in.; whole-plate exposure of Assistant Paymaster Henry Prince, 8 x 10 in.; whole-plate exposure of General James A. Hardie, 8 x 10 in.; wholeplate exposure of General William W. Belknap (broken), 8 x 10 in. $1,500 - $2,500 BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

THE CIVIL WAR | Large Format Images 62 Gouverneur K. Warren, Salt Print as Colonel, Plus CDV Retouched as General Lot of 2, featuring a hand-colored salt print of Gouverneur K. Warren, “Hero of Little Round Top,” 11.25 x 14.75 in., on 13 x 16.5 in. mount, with Bendann brothers blindstamp lower right in print, ca 1861.

Warren is shown wearing the uniform of colonel, 5th New York Zouaves, a New York militia unit. A CDV copy of the same image, also

by Bendann Bros., Baltimore, accompanies the lot. Although the CDV notes Warren as colonel, the portrait has been “artistically enhanced” to show him as a major general, and a sword belt has been added.

Warren was promoted to major general on May 3, 1863, so this was likely done at the time of promotion. Carte verso includes an attractive period identification.

Warren (1830-1882) had seen early service as colonel of the 5th New York, taking charge of a brigade during the 1862 fighting before being rewarded with back-to-back promotions to brigadier and major general in September 1862. On July 2nd, 1863, at Gettysburg, Warren was serving as chief engineer and it was his keen eye that took notice of Hood’s advancing Confederates and the threat to Cemetery Ridge.

Warren quickly ordered Vincent’s and Weed’s brigades to form a thin barrier on Little Round Top. The epic fight that followed was a “closerun thing,” but at the end of the day the Federals had prevailed, setting the stage for Pickett on July 3rd. $1,000 - $1,500

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63 Captain Frederic Speed of USS Sultana Infamy, Albumen Photograph Plus CDVs Lot of 4, featuring oval-length albumen photograph of Captain Frederic Speed, 5.25 x 7.25 in., on trimmed mount, 6.5 x 8.5 in., no studio imprint. The photograph is accompanied by 3 CDVs, including a vignetted, civilian view of Speed, with Raymond & Allen, Detroit, MI, backmark, and 2 cartes of his brother, J.J. Speed, the first by C.D. Fredricks & Co., the second by G. Grelling, Detroit.

Captain & AAG Frederic Speed (1841-1911) entered service as a regimental sergeant major of the 5th Maine in June 1861 and was promoted to 2nd lieutenant in August of the same year. He was discharged and promoted to 1st lieutenant and adjutant of the 13th Maine in November 1861, and was promoted to captain and AAG to General Dow in August 1862. Captain Speed was a significant historical personality officially associated with the death of at least 1,100 paroled prisoners who perished when the “overloaded” steamer Sultana suddenly exploded on April 27, 1865. Having served as officer-in-charge of managing the transportation of the former POWs, Captain Speed was charged with several counts of negligence, court-marshalled at Vicksburg, and judged culpable in the high profile disaster—the only officer brought to trial. Speed was found “guilty” and sentenced to be dismissed from service. However, Brig.

General Joseph Holt, Judge Advocate General USA, refused to endorse the findings of the board and Captain Speed was mustered out of service without the formal stain on his record. Frederick Speed lived in Vicksburg and practiced law for the rest of his life. He died in 1911. $1,000 - $1,500

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THE CIVIL WAR | Large Format Images 64 Captured Gettysburg Captain William L. Hubbell, 17th Connecticut Volunteers, Albumen Photograph Albumen photograph, 5.25 x 7.25 in. (sight), matted and framed to 12.25 x 14.25 in. overall, showing a Union Army first lieutenant seated with his sword in his arms and 17th Infantry kepi displayed on the table beside him. Pencil identification on mount’s verso identifies the soldier as Joseph Morehouse, 17th Connecticut, while the website of that regiment (17thCVI.org) identifies the soldier as William L. Hubbell and credits the United States Army Military History Unit. Both men were first lieutenants at one point in the war and both ended the war with the rank of captain — Hubbell in Co. D and Morehouse in Co. F. Both were present at Gettysburg, where the regiment fought as part of XI Corps on East Cemetery Hill, and Hubbell, who had been promoted to captain less than a month before, was captured. He was sent to Macon, GA, and confined there until being paroled August 25 of the same year. $800 - $1,000

65 Major Generals Anderson and Burnside, Albumen Photograph Albumen photograph of Civil War Generals Robert Anderson and Ambrose Burnside seated together with another, unidentified gentleman on the front porch of an unknown residence, with a house servant standing directly behind Anderson, 5 x 6.75 in., on 6.25 x 9.5 in. mount. This photograph was likely included in the Philadelphia Photographer, and is accompanied by a modern, typed explanatory paragraph that would have been published with the photo, describing the photographer, his process, and the camera used to take the image. In this case, the photo was taken by J.C. Brown while out “along the noble Hudson.” As they drove by in a carriage, Brown immediately recognized Anderson and Burnside, and proposed to take a picture of them at the nearby home of a mutual friend. $500 - $800

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66 Alexander Gardner Albumen Photograph, What Do I Want, John Henry?

Albumen photograph, 6.75 x 9 in., on 10 x 12 in. mount with the imprinted title What Do I Want, John Henry?/ Warrenton, Va., November, 1862, credited to Alexander Gardner, Washington, DC, 1866. The photograph, published as Plate No. 27 in Gardner’s Photographic Sketch Book of the War, captures “John Henry,” the young African American contraband, serving an unidentified officer and his three companions at camp.

William Gladstone Collection of Early Photography & African Americana $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | Large Format Images 67 David Knox Albumen Photograph, A Fancy Group, in Front of Petersburg Albumen photograph, 7 x 9 in., on 13.5 x 10.5 in. mount with the imprinted title A Fancy Group, In Front of Petersburg, August, 1864, negative by David Knox, positive by Alexander Gardner, Washington, DC, 1865. The photograph was published as Plate No. 76 in Gardner’s Photographic Sketch Book of the War, and presents an unusual scene in which two contraband servants steady their roosters in preparation for a cock fight while 12 officers in casual field dress sit around, waiting for the fight to commence. It has been suggested that this may be one of the only known Civil War photographs of the seldom permitted activity of cock fighting in camp. Accompanied by original descriptive panel.

William Gladstone Collection of Early Photography & African Americana $500 - $700

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68 Civil War Military Execution Photographs, The Hanging of Pvt. William Johnson, 23rd US Colored Troops Lot of 3, including albumen photograph taken at Petersburg, VA, 1864, 4.125 x 7 in., on the original mount, matted and framed, 13 x 16 in. overall, accompanied by a modern 8 x 10 in. photographic enlargement of the hanging from the Library of Congress Files, matted and framed, 14 x 16 in. An unmarked 4.5 x 6.5 in. mounted photograph showing soldiers marching in an open field is also included.

On June 20, 1864, Private William Johnson, 23rd USCT, was hanged, although the execution is not included in the List of US Soldiers Executed by US Military Authorities during the Late War that was produced in 1885. According to a Harper’s Weekly article, dated July 9, 1864, the facts known about Private Johnson were that he deserted

and...”attempted to commit an outrage on a white woman at Cold Harbor. Considerable importance was given to the affair, in order that the example might be made more effective. Johnson confessed his guilt and was executed within the outer breastworks about Petersburg on an elevation, and in plain view of the enemy. A white flag covered the ceremony.”

Civil War photo historian William Frassanito discovered that two different photographers took four photographs of Johnson’s execution and sold the images to the public. While working for Alexander Gardner, Timothy O’Sullivan produced two stereoscopic images entitled “The execution of William Johnson, Jordan’s Farm, Petersburg, June 20, 1864,” and Mathew Brady’s studio is credited with taking the other two known photographs of the hanging (Frassanito, pp. 216-222). $2,000 - $3,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Large Format Images 69 Civil War Archive of US Medical Albumen Photographs Lot of 11 albumen photographs related to Civil War hospitals and medical care, including a 5.5 x 7.5 in. oval photograph of an ambulance; an image of a surgeon and his assistant posed as if performing an amputation on a wounded soldier, captioned U.S. Laboratory, 6th & Oxford, Philadelphia 1865, 5.5 x 7.75 in.; a similarly sized photograph of a US Army hospital tent supply chest; and a 10 x 13 in. album page with four photographs on each side, showing a battlefield stretcher, an illustration of the grounds of the 1864 Philadelphia Great Central Sanitary Fair, interior and exterior views of Turner’s Lane Hospital in Philadelphia, illustrations of the Chambersburg Presbyterian Church and Camp Wetheral, where the 9th Pennsylvania was quartered in Sept. 1862, and views of Philadelphia’s Fairmount Water Works and an unidentified house. $1,000 - $1,500

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy 70 University of Virginia Autograph Book, 1854-1855, Signed by Over 40 Confederate Officers, Including Martyred Southern Spy John Yates Beall 12mo ledger (approx. 5.5 x 7.5 in.), with gilt front, back and spine. Front with gilt “Autographs.” Approx. 280 pp, of which 68 are signed and/ or inscribed by 66 classmates, ca 1855. The album belonged to UVA medical student John (Jack) Alexander Straith of Jefferson County, VA, now in West Virginia. Some time after graduation and before his Civil War service, ca 1859 or 1860, Straith made pencil notes at the bottom of several pages, especially concerning the early deaths of six classmates (died between 1855-1859). The lot is accompanied by extensive research files.

Although intended as a souvenir of his years in college, Straith’s autograph book became a record of a group of Southern gentlemen coming of age in antebellum Virginia and poised on the threshold of an era that would devastate their state with war and later, Reconstruction. Of the 60 graduates who survived until 1861, at least 44 served in the Confederate forces from nine Southern States: Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Missouri, Mississippi, Texas & Virginia. Three graduates, from Washington, DC, Pennsylvania and Maryland, decided to fight for the Union. Nine of these young men would be killed in action or died of wounds or disease during the war. Among the battlefields where they died were Brandy Station, First Manassas, Sharpsburg, and Shiloh. A number more were captured (at least 4 POWs) and wounded. Several graduates served on the staffs of Generals Stonewall Jackson (Hugh Lee, p. 44), Wade Hampton (Charles Grattan, p. 15) and John B. Gordon (Robert Hunter, p. 57).

Many others served as Surgeons, one as Chaplain, plus other Field & Staff positions. General Theodore Brevard (p. 32) was captured at Sailor’s Creek (Saylor’s, Sayler’s) by Custer, just three days before Lee’s surrender. Algernon Garnett (p. 22) was on the CSS Virginia (Merrimac) during the famous naval battle at Hampton Roads against the Union Ironclad Monitor. Hilary Herbert (pp. 20-21) went on to become Grover Cleveland’s Secretary of the Navy (1893-1897), having served in the US House from 1877 - 1893. During the war he was wounded twice (Seven Pines, Wilderness) and captured (exchanged 8/27/62).W.G. Brawner (p. 45) (d. 1863) CSA, Captain and Commander of the Prince William Partisan Rangers, KIA. But perhaps the most famous/infamous of all of the signers was John Yates Beall (pp 6-7). Beall attended UVA for three sessions, graduating with a focus in the law, at his father’s insistence. Shortly after leaving school, his father died, and Beall gave up law and became the manager of his parents’ farm. He had volunteered for service in the Virginia militia in 1859, after the raid of John Brown into the state.

This unit became Company B of the 2nd VA Infantry when war was declared in April 1861. It was one of the earliest units in the field, and assigned to the 1st Brigade under the command of Gen. Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson. While at home on furlough in October 1861, Beall volunteered to aid Turner Ashby, whose mission was to check the advance of the Federals on Charlestown, which was only partially successful. Beall jumped to the head of the militia to lead a charge to dislodge troops from a dismantled building on the outskirts of Bolivar. He took a minie ball in the chest. It was a glancing blow that broke three ribs and passed around his rib cage, a wound from which he never fully recovered. He was finally discharged in spring of 1863.

However, he was far from finished fighting for Virginia. He conceived of a number of small-scale operations, designed to inflict maximum disruption of enemy actions with minimum Confederate manpower.

He was especially focused on maritime resources. He was appointed Acting Master in the Confederate Navy and given permission to recruit a troop of men not subject to conscription, men like himself with limited ability for field service, but still capable of small operations.

During summer and fall, he captured a good many small Federal ships, destroyed Cape Charles lighthouse and cut a submarine telegraph cable. He was becoming such a problem that the Union assigned Brig. Gen. Wistar to the peninsula to capture Beall. Wistar had one African American regiment of infantry, two white cavalry, one artillery battalion and 10 gunboats - all to capture about 18 Confederate Marines. But Beall had accomplished his purpose - disrupt Union actions and draw off resources. And Wistar accomplished his - the raiders were all captured and taken to Fort McHenry where Beall was put in irons. The Confederacy retaliated by taking an equal number of Federal prisoners hostage, until Beall was released from manacles and given the status of a POW, not a pirate. Eventually, he and all of his men were exchanged.

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy He again approached Secretary Mallory with several more proposals.

One was again harassment and capture of Federal ships along the eastern seaboard; another was doing the same with Great Lakes activity on the part of Federal ships, but with the additional goal of releasing prisoners from Johnson’s Island; and enlisting Southern refugees in Canada to go to Indian Territory Minnesota, and stirring up trouble among the tribes against the United States. Mallory discouraged the plan to release the prisoners, but prepared an expedition to operate from Canada, including going to Johnson’s Island (all without giving Beall credit or the opportunity to join the expedition).

Beall went to Canada, anyway, and contacted some of the Confederate expatriates there, and began capturing Federal ships.

He also took part under Captain Cole on another attack on the Island. However, before getting to that point, 17 of his 20 men mutinied, so he had to abandon his plans, leaving Cole unsupported and subject to capture. Beall escaped detection for a while, with many Confederates engaging in raids in the northern regions and escaping across the border into Canada, placing increasing strain on US-Canadian relationships. Finally, on 16 December 1864 Beall was captured after failed attempts to capture a military train between Buffalo and Dunkirk, New York.

There followed a long, convoluted series of legal maneuvers, which included denial of counsel for Beall. A couple of his friends came to his defense, especially James McClure (pp 16-17) and Albert Ritchie of Baltimore. Beall was tried as a pirate and spy, and, although he made numerous appeals (here his legal training came in handy) on the grounds that he was a Confederate officer and attacking ships as an act of war, he was convicted and sentenced to hang. Lincoln refused to act on his behalf, allowing the execution to go forward. There were delays, but in the end, John Yates Beall was hanged in New York City on Governor’s Island on the 24th of February, 1865. His last words as

he stood on the gallows were, “I protest against the execution of this sentence. It is a murder. I die in the service and defense of my country.”

Lincoln was haunted by the Beall case, and he later stated “There was this case of Beall on the lakes. That was a case where there must be an example.”

Some have maintained that this act contributed to John Wilkes Booth’s plot initially to kidnap, then assassinate, President Lincoln because of his inaction on Beall’s behalf. While there is no direct evidence for this, John Surratt was operating out of Canada at this time, and Booth made a few short trips there. It is possible they met, but even if not, certainly Booth was “dialed in” to Canadian activity and would have known of Beall’s exploits.

Beall was also likely a long-time friend of the owner of this book, Jack Straith. Both grew up in Jefferson County, VA. Beall’s inscription in the book begins: “Coming here friends, and going hence friends,...” Born in Charles Town in 1835, John Alexander Straith would graduate from UVA medical school in 1855. He was appointed Assistant Surgeon of the 2nd VA Infantry in May 1861, and Surgeon of the Stonewall Brigade. By 1863 he was Chief Surgeon of the 2nd Corps Artillery, ANV. During the war he married Jean Charlotte (Lottie) Alexander, but only had a few days leave. Near the end of the war he served on the board that examined medical officers in Jubal Early’s command. He surrendered with the rest of the ANV at Appomattox CH. Straith died in January 1872, still a young man. Although unable to find his cause of death, we presume disease. His wife survived him by just over a decade. On the last page of the album, he wrote: Farewell! should be told by the eye, Or if written, should faintly appear.

Should be heard in the sound of a sigh, Or seen in the fall of a tear. $4,000 - $6,000

71 Jefferson Davis ALS, November 13, 1833 Jefferson Davis (1808-1889). Sole President of the Confederate States of America (1861-1865). ALS, 1p, dated November 13, 1833, at Jefferson Barracks, signed Jeffn. Davis.

Jeffn. Bks. Nov 13th 1833 In a letter from the Treasury (2nd auditor’s office) having date October 27 1831, I am informed that $137.63 found due me has been carried to my credit on the books of the third auditor. This was the result of the adjustment of my accounts at fort Winnebago M. T as Actg Adj, Qr. Master.

I do not find in your statements that I have been credited with the above amount and would be obliged if you would examine the matter, the more readily believing a mistake, may have occurred as this transfer was made after my last returns were rendered to your office.

Very Respectfully Yr. Mo. Obt. Servt.

To P. Haguar Esq. Jeffer. Davis 3rd Auditors U. S. Tresy L. U. S. Dragoons Washington D. C. This letter was written shortly after Davis’ graduation from West Point, around the age of 25, when he had just been appointed 1st Lieutenant of the U.S. Dragoons and was sent to the frontier to engage in the Black Hawk Wars. This may be one of the earliest letters from Davis in existence. $1,200 - $1,800

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy

72 Jefferson Davis ALS, January 20, 1858 Jefferson Davis (1808-1889). Sole President of the Confederate States of America (1861-1865). ALS as US Senator from Mississippi (1857-1861). 2pp. Dated January 20, 1858, from the Senate Chamber, signed Jeffn. Davis. Addressed to Hon. I. Toucey, Secretary of the Navy.

A letter in which Davis introduces A.S. Worth and recommends the young man as an applicant for a lieutenancy in the US Marines. Davis identifies Worth as the son of US Naval Officer Algernon S. Worth and nephew to famed General William J. Worth. $1,000 - $2,000

73 Rare CSA General Robert E. Lee Clipped Signature as Gen’l. Comm’d.

Robert Edward Lee (1807-1870). Clipped signature on verso of stationery with “Headquarters” printed at top, and “Richd.” below. Date clipped off, but appears to be “9 J___,” possibly near the end of the war in January when the ANV was “digging in” and focusing on protecting the Confederate capital.

At other times, headquarters was wherever the army was, not necessarily in Richmond, although Lee’s wife was there throughout most of the war.

Accompanied by colorized copy of Lee from the photo taken by Brady in Richmond just days after his surrender. $4,000 - $6,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy

Verso

74 CSA Generals T.J. Stonewall Jackson, A.P. Hill & J.E.B. Stuart, Civil War Signed Field Document, with Additional CSA Officer Signatures Extremely rare Civil War-date document referencing six Confederate Generals under the command of General Robert E. Lee: Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson, J.E.B. Stuart, Wade Hampton, A.P. Hill, R.H. Chilton, and J.H. Lane. Signed by Lee’s two famous feuding Generals, Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson (1824-1863) and A.P. Hill (1825-1865). The document is also endorsed by future Generals R.H. Chilton (18151879) and James H. Lane (1833-1907). The document is framed with modern portraits of Jackson and Hill, and is accompanied by PSA/DNA Letter of Authenticity.

Drafted by Colonel William M. Barbour of the 37th North Carolina, this official request was sent through the “Chain of Command” at the same time General Lee promoted General Jackson to Corps Commander, forming Lee’s 2nd Corps with the rank of Lt. General. The 2nd Corps then made up the Western wing of the Army of Northern Virginia; whereas, Lt. General Longstreet headed up Lee’s 1st Corps, forming the Eastern wing of the Army of Northern Virginia.

It should also be noted that this document was in part due to the preparation for the events leading to the Battle of Fredericksburg, where, on December 11 and 12, Lee’s armies pulled off a stunning victory against General Burnside’s Army of the Potomac.

Then, just five months later, during the fierce night engagement at Chancellorsville, Jackson would be mortally wounded by his own men, and would eventually die on May 5, 1863. J.E.B. Stuart would take his command. A.P. Hill would be promoted to head the newly formed 3rd Corps, and in two years’ time, both he and Stuart would die of wounds received in battle.

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Colonel Barbour, author of this letter, was wounded in battle on September 30, 1864, and would eventually succumb to his wounds on October 3.

Transcription, Letter: November 3, 1862 It has been certified to me that Martin V. Moore, of the 1st N. Carolina Cavalry commanded by Col. Baker, Hampton’s Brigade, Stuart’s Division, has been duly elected 2nd Lt. in Co. E 37th Regt., N.C. Troops, vice Lt. Bingham resigned. You will greatly oblige by forwarding this certificate of election through official channels that he may obtain the necessary authority to report for duty to my command. I do not know where to direct any communication & take this method of informing him of this election.

Will. M. Barbour, Forwarded: Hd. Qtrs. 4th Brigade Nov. 7th 1862 Respectfully Forwarded James H. Lane Col. Comd. Brig Hd. Qtrs. A.P. Hills Light Div. Nov. 8th 1862 Respectfully forwarded with the request that the Lieut. be ordered to join the company of which he has been elected Lieut.

A.P. Hill Maj. Genl.

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy Hd. Qrs. V.D. Nov. 10th, 1862 Respectfully forwarded T.J. Jackson Lt. Genl.

Hd. Qrs. A.N.V. 12th Nov. 1862 Respectfully referred to Maj. Genl. Stuart who will cause papers of discharge to be given & officer ordered to his Regt. by order Gen. Lee. R.H. Chilton A.A. & I.G. Hd. Qrs. Cav. Division.

14th Nov. 1862 Respectfully referred to Lt. Col Gorden commanding who will comply with the instructions from Gen. Lee by command of Maj. Gen. J.E.B. Stuart.

Norman R. Fitz Hugh Maj. & A.A.G. $10,000 - $20,000

Recto

75 CSA General James Longstreet ALS, Fort Bliss, Texas, January 1858 James Longstreet (1821-1904). Confederate General. 1p cover ALS addressed to Col. Craig, Chief of Ordnance indicating his quarterly return of ordnance is enclosed. Signed as Capt. and Brevet Major.

James Longstreet was born in South Carolina to plantation owners who were both originally from the Northeast. He was sent to live with an uncle at the age of nine to receive a better education than was available in rural South Carolina. His father died when he was twelve, but he remained with his uncle. His mother and siblings moved to Somerville, AL. When he came of age, the spot at USMA for his uncle’s district was filled, but a relative from Alabama, his mother’s home, was able to secure the spot for that state for him. He was not much of a scholar (graduating 54th of 56), but was well liked by his classmates, many of whom would become influential a couple decades down the road.

Longstreet graduated in 1842 with the likes of George Henry Thomas, William Rosecrans, John Pope, D.H. Hill, George Pickett and more, and was a friend of Ulysses S. Grant of the following class. He spent his first two years at Jefferson Barracks, MO, joined the second year by his friend, Grant. When Longstreet began courting his first wife, Grant began courting Julia Dent, a distant cousin of Longstreet’s. Longstreet definitely attended Grant’s wedding, although his role is debated - best man?, groomsman? guest?

Like so many other Southern graduates of West Point, when the Civil War erupted, Longstreet resigned his commission to take a commission with the Confederacy. Being the ranking USMA graduate in Alabama, his state of appointment, he volunteered from that state and was commissioned Lt. Col. in the Confederate army. Within a couple months we was promoted to Brig. Gen. Even though he had not been much of a scholar, he appears to have been a natural commander. He became Lee’s “right hand man,” and commanding the 1st Corps of the Army of Northern Virginia. According to later historians, he was possibly the best corps commander on either side. After the surrender of the ANV, he was treated as Lee’s equal by the Union.

After the war, Longstreet served in a number of civil service and diplomatic positions, some engineered by his friend, Grant. Longstreet was the only Confederate general to embrace the Republican party,

aiding in these appointments. Hayes, also a Civil War veteran, appointed him ambassador to the Ottoman Empire. He held other positions as Commissioner of Railroads and in internal revenue and the post office. When Democrats returned to power in the South, Longstreet’s political career ended. He retired to a farm near where his family plantation had been many years before. He suffered ill health in his later years, and died just days before his 83rd birthday. $2,500 - $5,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy 76 CSA Generals James Longstreet, William Mahone, & Richard Anderson, Civil War Signed Field Document Signed field document, 2.75 x 8.5 in., dated 6th Regt. Inf., Mahone’s Brigade, January 1, 1863, from Col. George T. Rogers to Gen. Robert E. Lee, asking where to send Pvt. Jehu Shively to serve his sentence of court-martial of two months hard labor with a 12-pound ball and chain. The note was forwarded up through the First Corps chain of command and endorsed on verso by Lt. Gen. James Longstreet, Maj. Gen. Richard H. Anderson, and Brig. Gen. William Mahone. CSA records show Pvt. Jehu Shively of Co. A, 6th Virginia, had deserted June 2, 1862, was arrested Oct. 15, and given trial by court-martial the following day. He was eventually returned to duty and wounded in the left leg May 25, 1864, while serving on a picket line at Petersburg, but returned to service again and was present for the Confederate surrender at Appomattox along with Gen. Lee, all three generals who signed this document, and Col. George Thomas Roberts who originated the request. $2,500 - $5,000

77 CSA General Jubal Early, Rare Civil War Signed Requisition Jubal A. Early (1816-1894). USMA graduate who initially voted against secession but eventually became lieutenant general in the Confederate Army and commanded forces in nearly every battle in Virginia as well as Ewell’s division of the 2nd Corps at Gettysburg; influential in the post-war period as the originator and primary advocate of the Lost Cause movement. Signed requisition, 5.75 x 10.5 in., undated, for forage for two horses in the the service of the Confederate Army, Sept. 1-30, 1864, signed at lower right as lieutenant general. Professionally framed with a biographical plaque and copy photograph, 17.75 x 24.75 in. overall. $800 - $1,200 46

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy 78 CSA Lt. General A.P. Hill, Clipped Signature A.P. Hill (1825-1865). Confederate General KIA during the Union Army’s offensive at the Third Battle of Petersburg. Clipped signature with rank signed by A. P. Hill, 3.5 in. x 2.5 in., on blue paper clipped from a larger document. Written in another hand, Head Qtrs. 3rd Army 12 March 1864. Re forwarded approval. Signed, A.P. Hill. $2,000 - $3,000

79 CSA Lt. General Simon B. Buckner ALS, June 15, 1861 Simon B. Buckner (1823-1914). Confederate Major General who later served as 30th Governor of Kentucky. ALS, 1p, June 15, 1861, at Paducah, KY. Head Qrs. Ky. State Guard Paducah, June 15, 1861 On the 11th, inst, I advised Gov. Harris of Tenn. of the agreement which has been entered into with Gen. McClellan, and of the purpose of Kentucky to carry out with the force at her disposal, the neutral position which her legislatures and her people have assumed. He gave me every assurance that the territory of Kentucky would be respected by Tenn. And the Southern States; and that only in the event of an evident necessity, after the neutrality of Kentucky had been first violated by the U. S. Forces, would any attempt be made to occupy any portion of her territory. His orders to the commanders of the Tennessee forces are peremptory.

I am, Sir, Very Respectfully Your Obt. Sert S. B. Buckner Inspector General His Exc. B. Magoffin Frankfort, Ky. During the first months of the Civil War, the border state of Kentucky tried desperately to maintain a stance of neutrality. Unfortunately for Governor Beriah Magoffin’s plan, Kentuckians loyal to the Union and Confederate causes used the summer of 1861 to plot to support one side or the other. Also unfortunately for Magoffin and Buckner, it was the Confederates who violated the state’s neutrality on September 4, 1861, resulting in the occupation of Paducah by General Grant’s Union forces. $1,200 - $2,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy 80 CSA Lt. General Leonidas Polk ALS, August 29, 1862 Leonidas Polk (1806-1864). Confederate General KIA during Atlanta Campaign.

ALS, 2pp, dated August 29, 1862, at Dallas (Tennessee).

Hd. Qtrs. Right Wing, A. Misp. (Army of the Mississippi) 8 am, August 29, 1862 (Near Dallas) I left Chattanooga yesterday and arrived at this place last night. It is General Withers’ headquarters. In consequence of the necessity of using the steamboats for foraging they have been restricted to the use of the flats in crossing trains. All will be over by 12m. today, and Withers has issued his orders for the movement of his division tomorrow morning at 6 a. m.

He will go forward as rapidly as possible, so as to put and keep his command one day in rear of Cheatham. He may have to be detained day after tomorrow a few hours in hauling his forage from the river, from whence he must get his supplies. I propose he shall be in his proper place by the time he reaches the top of the mountains or the other side of Sequatchie Valley.

Cheatham’s division, I am advised, moved up to the neighborhood of Coulter’s yesterday, where it encamped last night. It will remain there only so long as it is necessary to procure what may be necessary to take it forward. I leave immediately, and will encamp at general Cheatham’s headquarters tonight. I have to report that neither of the regiments of cavalry assigned to me have yet reported to me. Understanding it to be your wishes, though I receive no orders to that effect, I ordered my quartermaster and commissary to remain with the requisite details in Chattanooga, to get up the necessary transportation for the additional

ten days supply of subsistence and forward it. I shall keep you advised of the movements of my command.

Respectfully, General, Your obt. St. L. Polk MJ. Genl. Comdg.

This letter, which is listed in the Official Records, was written to General Braxton Bragg, the day of the opening of Second Manassas or Bull Run. General Bragg had also just begun his Confederate campaign into Tennessee and Kentucky. General Bragg ordered General Polk North from Chattanooga. $2,000 - $3,000

81 CSA Captain William K. Bachman, German Light Artillery, Partial ANS, August 31, 1861 William K. Bachman (1830-1901). Confederate Captain and Commander of the German Light Artillery. ANS on partially printed document, 1p, 5.5 x 4.25 in., dated August 31, 1861, Charleston, SC. RECEIVED in good order, from Captain Lee A. Q. M. at Hamstead Capt W. K. Bachman / German Volunteers One box Accoutrements.

Wm. K. Bachman Capt. German Volunteers Bachman’s note was written on a fragment of a document from the North Eastern Railroad Depository, and much of the note has been crossed out and written over, which shows the need for paper that began early in the war. This unit was formed in early 1862, thus indicating that these accoutrements were to outfit the new unit. This ANS couples with the proceeding lot, an ALS in which Captain Childs is invoicing the box of accoutrements handed over to Captain Lee. The German Light Artillery was formed in Charleston, SC, early in 1862. William K. Bachman was its commander as captain. It was armed with four 12-lb. Napoleons from August 1862 to July 1863. On May 3, 1864, it was armed with two Blakely Rifles and two 12-lb. Howitzers.

On January 6, 1865, if was armed with four 12-lb. Napoleons. This unit served at the Seven Days Battle, Second Manassas, Sharpsburg, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, then returned to South Carolina. It was later in the Carolina Campaign. It was surrendered by Gen. Joseph E. Johnston at Durham Station, Orange County, NC, on April 26, 1865. $500 - $700 48

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy 82 CSA Captain F.L. Childs, Charleston Arsenal, ALS, September 3, 1861 Frederick L. Childs. Confederate Captain. ALS, 1p, dated September 3, 1861, Charleston, SC. Captain I have the honor to hand you herewith invoice of one box containing, one hundred sets of Infantry Accoutrements, turned over to Capt. Hudson Lee A. Q. M. On the 30th alto for transmittal to your address. Upon the delivery of the articles be good enough to send me duplicate receipts.

I am sir Your Obedt. Servt.

F. L. Childs Capt. Com. Arty.

Capt.W. K. Bachman German Volunteers.

This letter was written by Captain Childs while commanding the Charleston Arsenal, to Captain W.K. Bachman of the Charleston Artillery Battery and the German Light Artillery. This unit was formed in early 1862, so these accoutrements were to outfit the new unit. $500 - $700

83 CSA Captain Leonard Williams, 2nd South Carolina Cavalry, Letter Regarding Advance Confederate Troops Opening Gettysburg Campaign Leonard Williams (1823-1908), Confederate Captain, Co. K, 2nd South Carolina Cavalry (Hampton’s Legion). ALS, 4pp, 5.75 x 9 in. Camp near Culpepper, 8 June 1863. Addressed to My Dear Anna, the letter references the advance Confederate troops opening the Gettysburg campaign as well as slave labor costs. This letter was included in the book based on Williams’ life entitled A Boot Full of Memories, by David G. Douglas.

In reference to Gettysburg, Williams states, in part...last Friday Genl.

Stewart had another grand review. Today he has another...army is about to advance. A large body of infantry are already near here...I do not know (if ) it is the intention to invade or merely to advance to draw Hooker’s army from his entrenchments at Fredericksburg; we are changing our lines and Hooker must change his.

Regarding the matter of slave labor costs, Williams explains...I am willing to have Ned (his slave) to work at the usual rates, but $1.00 is not enough considering the price of provisions. Day laborors here from 2.5 to 5 per day for farm work. The old rate of his was .75 cts per day...a good hand out to get if he is fed at home. 1.50 or 2 per day. 1.00 per day will not support a hand. At present prices, as long as he can be employed profitably at home don’t let him hire unless at $1.50 or $2.00 per day. Ask Mr. Whitman what day laborers are worth next time at home. I would like to provide him with a horse wagon & plow. He could then do all the work at home to make wages... Williams also addresses family matters in this war-period letter.

William Gladstone Collection of Early Photography & African Americana $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy Joseph Kershaw, CSA The following lots (84-101) were in the possession of Major General Joseph Brevard Kershaw (1822-1894) when he was captured at Sailor’s (Saylor’s, Sayler’s) Creek, 6 April 1865. Kershaw was a native of South Carolina. A Joseph Kershaw who immigrated to North America from Yorkshire in 1750 served as a Colonel in the Revolution. Kershaw’s wife, Harriet, was a daughter of one of General Marion’s aides-decamp. Thus, both families had a history of military service. Kershaw began practice as a lawyer in Camden, SC in 1844, but served a year as lieutenant of Co. C, Palmetto regiment, in the Mexican War. He was later a state representative and was sent to the convention which decided South Carolina’s secession, although Kershaw, himself, was reportedly opposed to it.

In February he was commissioned colonel of the 2nd SC Regiment, serving at Sullivan’s Island. Barely a week after South Carolina’s secession, Federal troops under Maj. Robert Anderson evacuated Fort Moultrie on December 26, 1860, moving to the as-yet-incomplete, but stronger, Fort Sumter. From Fort Moultrie and other points around Charleston Harbor, shelling of Fort Sumter commenced on 12 April 1861. Fort Moultrie was one of the few points to take return fire from Sumter. Fort Sumter fell later the next day, and the war had begun.

Kershaw was then sent to Virginia. He was engaged at Blackburn’s Ford and First Manassas.

Although he had a bit of military experience, he was not trained as a military man. Kershaw reportedly threw himself into learning everything about what is today called “military science.” The 2nd SC became known as one of the better trained Confederate units, and Kershaw one of the Army of Northern Virginia’s best officers. He was probably as close as any of the Generals came to the “gentlemansoldier” of southern myth, although it took a bit of time to grow into his position. (He appears to have gotten off on the “wrong foot” with Beauregard, for example. The two went their separate ways after Charleston Harbor.) Kershaw was savvy enough to pay attention to those who “knew the ropes.”

The following February (1862) he was commissioned Brigadier General, and given command of a brigade is Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia. He stayed with Lee’s forces through the Peninsula, Northern Virginia and Maryland Campaigns, and was engaged with Lee at Gettysburg the following year. He then transferred to the West with Longstreet’s Corps where he was part of the charge at Chickamauga that destroyed the Federal right wing.

He returned to Virginia with Longstreet, was promoted to Major General and took command of a division in 1864 in the Wilderness, Spotsylvania C.H., Cold Harbor and Shenandoah Campaign. He was with Ewell after the evacuation of Richmond, during which he was captured three days before Lee surrendered. Other than those last few days, he was in the thick of the war from beginning to end.

The papers in the following lots were in Kershaw’s possession at that time. Most of them are dated 1864, when he took command of the division. Custis Lee, also captured at Sayler’s Creek, was immediately paroled. Inexplicably Kershaw was held for three months, as was Ewell.

G.M. “Moxley” Sorrel George Moxley Sorrel (“Moxley”) (1836-1901) was a bank clerk in Savannah when the war began. He left his job to enlist for the Confederate cause. He was commissioned into General James Longstreet’s staff, and was present at the first major battle of the war, Manassas. A few days later, he was appointed acting adjutant general of Longstreet’s division. October 31, 1864, he was promoted to Brig.

Gen. and given command of a brigade in Mahone’s division, A.P. Hill’s corps. It was likely at this time that Latrobe took over Sorrel’s position on Longstreet’s staff. In one incident reported by Confederate Military History from Antietam/Sharpsburg, Longstreet and his staff came up on the Confederate center, which had been left with but a small regiment, the remainder sent to reinforce the left. There were two artillery, but the gunners were dead or wounded. Longstreet held the horses while his staff, primarily Sorrel and Latrobe, manned the guns, holding off the advancing Federals until reinforcements arrived, 50

COWAN’S AMERICAN HISTORY

saving Lee’s army (and at least bringing the battle to a draw rather than a Confederate loss). Not mere paper-pushers, these guys! And Sorrel would go on to be a good field commander – for a few months, until the end of the war.

Osmun Latrobe Osmun Latrobe (1835-1915) was born in Mississippi, but attended Maryland Military Academy, and returned to Baltimore after the war.

His grandfather, Benjamin Henry Latrobe, was the designer of the U.S. Capitol. His father, John H.B. Latrobe, was a man of many faces – inventor, lawyer, architect, philanthropist, and more. He succeeded Henry Clay as president of the American Colonization Society, helping to expand the colony of “Maryland in Liberia.” Osmun served on the staff of Gen. D.R. Jones until Jones’ death, when he transferred to Longstreet’s staff, as AAG and Inspector General, eventually becoming AG and Chief of Staff of the First Army Corps, replacing Sorrel in that role near the end of the war.

Walter Taylor One of the “bigger” names here is that of Walter Taylor. From the time he reported for service in Richmond in May 1861, Walter Herron Taylor (1838-1916) was assigned to Lee’s staff as ADC and, later, AAG. Taylor was the perfect complement to Lee, handling administrative duties and correspondence, which Lee hated, with efficiency. When Lee was assigned the Army of Northern Virginia after Joe Johnston was wounded, he retained Robert Chilton and A.P. Mason from Johnston’s staff, and brought several, including Taylor, with him from Richmond.

Lee reportedly kept his staff to a minimum (certainly increasing pressure on Taylor), to keep as many trained officers in the field as possible. This does show up on these papers. Lee orders every ablebodied man, including teamsters and cattle-herders to return to their units by 1864. Apparently one of Lee’s tactics by the summer and autumn of that year was defensive – stay put, dig in, and release many of these men for service on the front. If the wagons aren’t moving, you don’t need wagoners - they can man pickets, dig rifle pits and build roads.

Taylor achieved such status that he seems to have occasionally signed papers for Lee, and had clerks signing orders for him (by command of Lee). Most of these are marked “(Sgd.) W.H. Taylor,” indicating that someone else signed them. The irony is that Taylor was such a highranking aide, that others signed his signature. Probably the reality is that so many copies of orders and other documents left Lee’s command, that, had Taylor signed all of them, he would have been crippled well before the end of the war!

Taylor (and several other aides, especially Charles Marshall) accompanied Lee to Richmond after the surrender at Appomattox Court House. Taylor’s own wife of just over a week was also waiting for him in there (Lee had allowed Taylor go to Richmond to marry Bettie Saunders on 2 April). On Easter Sunday, April 16, 1865, Taylor and G.W. Custis Lee (Lee’s son) were photographed by Mathew Brady on the back porch of Lee’s Richmond home, 707 E. Franklin St., in the nowfamous series of photos. A majority of these orders have Taylor’s name on them somewhere, since Kershaw’s Division was in the First Corps of the Army of Northern Virginia.

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy 84 Civil War Documents Signed by George M. Sorrel, Lot of 7 Lot of 7 documents addressed to Major James M. Goggin (1820-1889), CSA. Many are written on scraps of paper, date from 28 April to 1 Sept. 1864. A number appear to be entirely written and signed by Sorrel. The note of 28 April simply calls Major Goggin’s attention to Circular of 21 Feb. re: Monthly reports. Signed G.M. Sorrel, AAG. 21 June appears to be ANS by Sorrel requesting Goggin’s trimonthly report as soon as possible. 15 July is a request for a detail of 300 men to report at dark to McKenzie house. Appears to be signed by a clerk in Sorrel’s name. 17 July is similar, requesting a detail of ten men to the Pioneer Party camp at sundown, ANS G.M. Sorrel. 22 July a detail of 20 men was to be sent to the Pioneer party camp, ANS by Sorrel. 28 Aug. Sorrel writes that he could use three men who might be disabled for the field, but are suitable for guard duty, but not if they have to be replaced by sound men on Goggin’s unit. On 21 Sept. M. McDonald requests two details of 23 men to lift heavy timbers. On verso is a note in Sorrel’s hand requesting Maj. Goggin to send these details to Capt.

McDonald.

James Monroe Goggin attended USMA, but left before graduation. He moved to Texas, joining the Army of the Republic of Texas as a Lieutenant. About the end of the Mexican War, he moved to California, where he established mail routes, then went to Memphis, TN to work as a cotton broker, where the start of the Civil War found him. He moved back to his “home” state of Virginia after the start of the war, entering the Confederate army on 1 July 1861. He joined the 1st Corps of the ANV just after its formation in 1862 on the staff of General McLaws, then head of the 1st Corps, as his AAG. General Joseph

85 General and Special Orders, CSA, Regarding Promotions, Elections, & More Lot of 4: General Orders No. 8, dated 25 Jan. 1864 indicates that there will be no elections to fill vacancies of company officers unless approved by the War Department, and any application for an election must report unit strength. The major exception (III) is that if a company has fewer than two commissioned officers, they must fill the vacancies and do not need approval. By command of R.E. Lee, secretarially signed by W.H. Taylor, signed by G.M. Sorrel.

10 April 1864, G.O. No. 30 announces Maj. Gen. M.L. Smith as Chief Engineer of this Army (ANV), “and will be respected accordingly.” By command of Lee, (Sgd. by clerk) W.H. Taylor, signed by G.M. Sorrel.

June 4, 1862. Special Orders No. —-. New assignments of Brig.

Generals: J.L. Kemper to command brigade lately commanded by A.P. Hill; W.D. Ponder to command brigade lately commanded by Pettigrew; James. Archer to brigade lately commanded by Hatton. The first is in Longstreet’s command, the latter two. By command of Lee, (sgd) R. H. Chilton (AAG), signed by G.M. Sorrel.

Kershaw replaced McLaws in May 1864, and Goggin then served him as AAG. After temporarily replacing Brig. Gen. James Connor after the latter lost his leg in the Battle of Cedar Creek, Goggin then returned to Kershaw’s staff, remaining there and being captured with the division on 6 April at Saylor’s (Sailor’s) Creek, just three days before Lee’s surrender. Most of the men were paroled that day, but Kershaw was imprisoned until July. $1,000 - $1,500

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July 6, 1864, G.O. No. 7 announcing Capt. M. McDonald as Chief Engineer for 1st Corps. By command of Genl. Anderson, signed by G.M. Sorrel. $700 - $1,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy 86 Documents Regarding Late War Movements of the Army of Northern Virginia Lot of 7: General Orders No. 27, 5 Apr. 1864. “The army will be immediately placed in condition to march....”

Includes schedule of transportation of equipment. By order of Gen. Lee, secretarially signed W.H. Taylor, signed

by G.M. Sorrel. Three and a half, plus docketing, 8 x 12.5 in. sheets.

Note regarding officers’ baggage. 29 April 1864, 1st A.C. “No order is known forbidding the use of trunks, provided their weight with their contents does not exceed the number of pounds allowed by orders from Army Head Qurs.” By command of Lieut. Gen. Longstreet, secretarially signed G.M. Sorrel.

ANS, 23 April 1864. “I have the honor to notify you the Corps Hd Qurs. are today established at a point (in tents) 1/4 of a mile S. of Mechanicsville.” Sgd. G.M. Sorrel.

Circular. H.Q. 1st A.C., 21 May 1864. Requesting all able bodied men to return to their companies. Sgd. G.M. Sorrel.

H.Q. 1st A.C., June 14, 1864. “The corps will move tomorrow morning to take position on Three Mile Creek a little South of the New Market Road.”

(On Sorrel’s “onion skin” stationery.)

Aug. 11, 1864. “The Lieut. Genl. Comdg. desires you to move your Division at sunrise tomorrow morning to the vicinity of Culpeper C.H.” Signed G.M. Sorrel.

Aug. 24, 1864. ANS G.M. Sorrel. To Kershaw. “Please keep your troops under arms for the present, but do not move them until further orders.” $500 - $800

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87 Orders Regarding Enemy Movements and Communications Lot of 4: General Orders No. 38 was issued from ANV HQs on 4 May 1864.

These orders include admonishing officers who may be engaged in planning future movements to take care not to talk about them lest the enemy overhear conversations of men and gain valuable information about Confederate plans. Officers are also to keep the men together on a march, and prevent straggling as much as possible. Company officers are to march with their units. Men must also be kept in their places in battle.

By order of General Lee. Signed by G.M. Sorrel.

Circular dated 3 June 1864 indicates the effects of shortages. It states that all men capable of fighting should be with their units since “the enemy is bringing against us all the men he can possibly get.” The Army is also cutting down on transportation and clerical labor so those men can be used on the lines. “Cooked provisions should be brought to the front as far as practicable by wagons, ...men must not be sent to the rear upon any pretext whatever except upon business connected with the service, or when incapacitated by wounds or sickness.” By command of General Lee, signed (clerically) by W.H. Taylor and officially signed by G.M. Sorrel.

Letter dated 23 June, 1864, ANS by G.M. Sorrel notes that it is very quiet on the enemy lines. “The Lt. Genl. Comdg. desires therefore that you will caution you men to be on the alert and endeavor to ascertain by scouts and other means what the enemy is doing.”

Special Orders No. 167, dated 18 July 1864. “The practice of permitting communication between our pickets & skirmishers and those of the enemy, is highly injurious to the service & subversive of discipline. It is enjoined upon all officers to prohibit it strictly.” (What the orders avoid mentioning is that by mid-1864, many Confederate soldiers were discouraged, tired, hungry, and, by winter, cold, and made their way to Federal lines to surrender and eat.) It goes on to state that the enemy should only be allowed to approach our lines under an authorized flag of truce. No one will be allowed outside the picket lines except by authority of the commanders.

Even if a flag of truce is sent, it will not be received until verified by Corps commanders. By command of General Lee; clerically signed by W.H. Taylor, signed by G.M. Sorrel. $700 - $1,000 52

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy 88 CSA Orders About Strengthening the Lines Lot of 4. Again the shortage of men and materiel are apparent.

Nov. 27, 1864. HQ 1st Army Corps. To Kershaw. ANS O[smun]. Latrobe.

“Genl. Longstreet desires you to have a second line of abattis [sic] made in front of your line of works.” Where men are in short supply, stick sharpened trees in the ground.

Dec. 5, 1864. HQ 1st AC. General Orders No. 25. “All huts on the picket line will be taken down at once. Pickets will not salute but stand at attention when commissioned officers are passing. All other guards and sentinels, when saluting, will face towards the officer for whom the compliment is intended.” By command of Longstreet, signed by O. Latrobe.

Circular, Dec. 17, 1864. HQ, 1st AC. “You will at once proceed to have brush wood placed in front of the rifle pits of your pickets so as to conceal them, and to be set on fire, should your pickets be driven in. The smoke thus caused, will assist in protecting the retreat of your pickets and the fire will prevent the enemy using the abandoned pits as a protection.” Signed

by Latrobe.

Dec. 21, 1864. An interesting communication in that HQ seems to have run out of ideas. “You will proceed at once to strengthen your works in every way which ingenuity can devise, and hard work execute. We must make up small forces by strength of artificial defences.” Creativity counts. $400 - $600

89 Letter from Chief of Engineers, Army of Northern Virginia, Docketed by Sorrel ALS, 1p, Engr. Hdqrs. A. No. Va., 13 July 1864, signed with rank M.L. Smith, Maj. Genl. & Chf. Egr. To Lieut. Gen. R.H. Anderson, Commdg. 1st Corps, ANV. General Smith informs General Anderson that Kershaw’s Pioneer Party will not be needed on the batteries west of the city, but their services were needed by Captain McDonald, Chief Engineer of the 1st Corps. Smith asks Anderson to inform Kershaw. On verso is an ANS dated 14 July by G.M. Sorrel informing Kershaw to send his men to Capt. McDonald.

Martin Luther Smith (1819-1866) was an 1842 USMA graduate (16/56).

This was the class that produced 22 future Civil War generals. Smith served in Florida after graduation, primarily engaged in survey and cartography as an engineer. Although a native of Danby, NY, while in

the South he met and married a Georgia native, and settled in the South to raise a family. Like so many other West Point graduates in the Civil War, he also served in Mexico 1846-1848. When war was imminent in 1861, he resigned from the Federal Army and received a commission as major of engineers in the Confederate service.

He was appointed as colonel of the 21 LA Infy., and worked on the defenses of New Orleans, and later, Vicksburg. He was captured when the latter fell in July 1863 and spent seven months as a POW. After being exchanged, he was briefly head of the Engineer Corps for the entire Confederate Army, until his appointment as Chief Engineer of the A. No. Va. After the war he set up a civil engineering company. One of his positions was as chief engineer of the Selma, Rome and Dalton RR, in which he was serving when he died just a year after the end of the war. $400 - $600

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy 90 CSA Orders and Circulars Regarding Supplies Lot of 5: G.O. No. 168, HQ ANV, 4 Dec. 1863. Directing attention to G.O. No. 148, concerning Ordnance Returns. By order of Gen. Lee, clerically signed W.H. Taylor, signed by G.M. Sorrel.

Circular from ANV HQ, “near Mechanicsville,” 1 May 1864. Letting the commanders know that Lee would like them to inspect each Division to determine what is needed in ordnance stores, especially cartridge boxes and accessories for same. He notes that a large number were unusable in the last engagement because they were old. The unserviceable ones need to be turned in and replaced with new ones. Signed

by G.M. Sorrel, and docketed by him on verso.

G.O. No. 40, ANV HQ, 4 May 1864. Gives guidelines as to how much forage each officer may draw. For example, Cavalry officers above the grade of Lieutenant may draw forage for two horses, while officers of infantry may only draw forage for one horse. Medical officers, members of military courts, ordnance officer, signal officers, quartermasters in charge of trains, also may only draw forage for one horse. All other officers entitled to be mounted will be allowed forage for two horses. And officers must certify that the horses are in service and present. By order of General Lee, clerically signed by Taylor, signed by G.M. Sorrel.

Circular, 1st AC, near Richmond, 24 Oct. 1864. Longstreet desires that the “troops should supply themselves with fuel from the front of the lines, not from the rear.

Should they remain where they are during the cold weather, it may happen that they will have to depend on the woods in rear for fuel, and it is very desirable to preserve them.” Clerically signed by G.M. Sorrel, signed by O. Latrobe.

By late fall, the situation was changing; the siege of Petersburg continued. GO. No. 68, 18 Nov. 1864, HQ ANV. “Supplies of wood for fuel & Building purposes for the troops in thee trenches, for the hospitals, & other camps, must be procured through the Quartermasters of the various commands. No wagons must be sent for wood

91 Orders and Circulars Regarding Shelter Tents and Conserving Supplies Lot of 3: ANV Ordnance Office, 25 April 1864. Letter to Generals inquiring whether they should dispense with knapsacks and substitute a lightweight oil cloth sheet that could double as a shelter tent. Looking for feedback. Clerically signed Briscoe G. Baldwin, signed

by G.M. Sorrel.

Just two days later, another Circular made its way to the generals indicating that a move was being made in this direction. HQ ANV, 27 April 1864. Orders that flies of ordinary wall tents be made into six

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except under their orders, & to points designated by them....

Commandg. officers must not allow trees within our lines immediately around the City of Petersburg to be cut for any purpose.” By command of Genl. Lee, clerically signed by W.H. Taylor, signed Osmun Latrobe. $600 - $800

shelter tents by taking out the center seam and dividing each half into thirds. Clerically signed by W.H. Taylor, signed by G.M. Sorrel.

HQ ANV, G.O. No. 70, 7 Dec. 1864. Commanders need to keep tabs on the shoes and clothing and be aware of the condition of the men’s shoes and clothing. The army needs to prevent waste, and at the same time reduce the suffering of the troops. Be sure the men do not dispose of clothing and shoes without the approval of company commanders. By command of Genl. Lee, clerically signed W.H. Taylor, signed by O. Latrobe. $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy 92 CSA General Orders Regarding Beeves and Confiscated Property Lot of 6: 5 from HQ Army No. Va., the other one from 1st Corps HQ. GO No. 99, 17 Nov. 1863. No one, including officers of the QM Department, will be allowed to interfere with forage, pasture or corn purchased for Army cattle. Signed by G.M. Sorrel.

GO No. 13, 1 Feb. 1864. Until further orders, the feet of all beeves slaughtered for the troops will be turned over to Ordnance Office. Signed by Sorrel.

G.O. No. 23, 29 March 1864. Extensive orders (2pp, 8 x 12.5 in.) regarding exportation of cotton, tobacco, rice, sugar, molasses and naval and military stores. May not be exported to the United States or any part of the Confederacy occupied by the enemy without proper permissions. If any shipments are found that appear to be headed to the enemy that either does not have proper permissions, or is a different weight or kind from the permission, the load and any slave accompanying it will be seized. All seized materials are to be turned over to the nearest Confederate Marshall or Deputy Marshall, and not destroyed or allowed to rot or injured in any other way. Signed

by G.M. Sorrel.

G.O. No. 36, 28 April 1864. Any stray animals caught will be turned over to the Quartermaster’s Department, so that those who lose animals will know where to apply for them. Signed by Sorrel. All four

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of the above by command of Gen. Lee, clerically signed W.H. Taylor.

Circular, HQ, 1st AC, 12 June 1864. All men detailed as cattle herders or butchers are to return to their companies. By order of Genl.

Anderson, signed by G.M. Sorrel.

G.O. No. 47, 6 July 1864. Captured property will be turned over to the appropriate staff officers. In distribution of such property, the command making the capture will be given preference if “the interest of the service will permit.” Clerically signed R.E. Lee, signed by G.M. Sorrel. $1,000 - $2,000

93 CSA Orders Regarding Furloughs, Four Signed by G.M. Sorrel Lot of 5: HQ ANV. G.O. No. 4, 8 Jan. 1864. Furloughs and leaves will be granted at the rate of eight per 100 arms bearing men. In addition, four furloughs will be allowed for each company with 100 men, and two for each company of 50 men in the ranks for duty. Leaves will not be given for men to travel to areas under enemy control, as there have been numerous captures of officers and men on leave. By command of R.E. Lee, clerically signed by R.H. Chilton and W.H. Taylor, signed by G.M. Sorrel.

G.O. No. 6, 19 Jan. 1864. Modification of previous (G.O. No. 4), allowing 12 furloughs for each 100 men bearing arms. By command of R.E. Lee, clerically signed by R.H. Chilton and W.H. Taylor, signed by G.M. Sorrel.

HQ 1st AC, near Mechanicsville, 27 April, 1864. The orders under which furloughs were granted while in the Dept. of East Tennessee are no longer valid. The 1st Corps will now grant furloughs according to the rules observed by the Army of No. VA. By command of Gen. Longstreet, signed by G.M. Sorrel.

Note on a sheet glued as a wrapper. HQ 1st AC. 4 Aug. 1864. Returning applications for furloughs to Kershaw and requesting that he separate them into those recruits in service prior to 4 May, and those who came in after that date.

Signed by G.M. Sorrel.

Copy of endorsement ANV, 30 Dec. 1864. “...The Genl. Comdg. did not intend to indicate any special to which leaves should be granted to Officers, but, only wished to have it understood, that the system of furloughs & leaves of absence should be uniform as far as practicable. The language ... was employed simply to indicate his desire to extend no greater indulgence to the officers than to the men.” He goes on to make recommendations about how many officers need to remain with their commands at any one time. By order of General Lee, clerically signed by W.H. Taylor. $600 - $800

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy 94 Orders and Circulars Regarding Furloughs, Signed by Osmun Latrobe Lot of 6: First has n.d., but seems to have been wrapped around something that might have been dated. ANS by Osmun Latrobe on one panel of folded sheet. Addresses the issue of special furloughs for privates. They can be allowed only if for a day or so.

G.O. No. 25, 1st AC, 29 Nov. 1864. “Authority to visit Richmond for the Officers and Men of this command can only be given at these Headquarters....” By command of Lieut. Genl. Longstreet, signed by O. Latrobe.

Circular, ANV. 17 Dec. 1864. “The situation in Georgia having so far altered as to allow travel through that state...” you can now forward applications for furloughs that were suspended previously. Possibly because Sherman was for the most part through Georgia by then.

Circular, HQ ANV, 20 Dec. 1864. “Applications of Officers for leave of absence are becoming very numerous. The General Commanding desires to indulge these only to the same extent to which furloughs are granted to enlisted men.” Clerically signed W.H. Taylor, signed by O. Latrobe.

Circular, HQ ANV, 26 Dec. 1864. No more furloughs can be allowed under the circular of 15 Dec. Clerically signed W.H. Taylor, signed by O. Latrobe.

G.O. No. 73, HQ ANV, 31 Dec 1864. “Until further orders furloughs will be allowed at the rate of four to every one hundred (100) arms bearing men present for duty.” Plus one furlough for each company with 50 men and two for each with 100 men. By command of Genl. Lee, clerically signed

by W.H. Taylor, signed by O. Latrobe. $600 - $800 4 of 6

95 CSA Orders and Circulars Regarding Various Details, Signed by Osmun Latrobe Lot of 9, to Genl. Kershaw: HQ 1st AC. Nov. 25, 1864. Please send 5 men, 2 of them carpenters, to Capt. Maben to erect a warehouse for protection of subsistence stores. Signed by O. Latrobe.

S.O. No. 60, 30 Nov. 1864. Appoint an officer to monitor fatigue duty day to day. Said appointment not to change. Signed by Latrobe.

5 Dec. 1864, letter to Latrobe from N.L. Rogers, Engr. Then sent to Kershaw to supply 40 men to report to Capt. Rogers to relieve the guard. Docketed by Latrobe on verso. Clerically signed by Latrobe on recto.

HQ 1st AC. 15 Dec. 1864. “If you have a man who is disabled for active field service, but suitable for a teamster please five me his name with a view to his detail as such in the Ordnance Dept....” Signed by O. Latrobe.

HQ 1st AC. 12:10 AM, 20 Dec. 1864. “You will relieve Genl. Hoke’s Division at daylight this morning. Be particular in having your troops at Hoke’s front at daylight as Genl. Hoke is ordered to move out at that time.” Signed by Latrobe.

ANS by Latrobe to Kershaw. 3:40 AM Dec. 20 1864. “But one of Gen. Hokes Bgds will move this morning. You will therefore relieve him by but one of your Brigades. Have it down at the time I previously ordered. The other Bgds of your Div. will not be required to move today.”

HQ 1st AC. Dec. 22, 1864. “Please cause a detail of Ten Carpenters to be made from your command to report to Lieut Col. S.R. Johnston Engineer off.” Signed by Latrobe.

HQ 1st AC. 27 Dec. 1864. Asking Kershaw to send a detail to report to Capt. Patterson, Engineer, of 100 men with picks & shovels, 100 men with axes, 50 men for track laying, and 50 men loading the wagons.

Signed by Latrobe.

HQ 1st AC. 29 Dec. 1864. Asking Kershaw to send 500 men to Capt.

Patterson, Engineer officer, with 100 axes at 8 o’clock tomorrow morning for work on the road. Signed by Latrobe. $800 - $1,200 56

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy 96 CSA Orders for Details of Men During July 1864 Lot of 7, all from 1st Army Corps HQ to Maj. Gen. Kershaw, all on approx. 5 x 8 in. half sheets of paper.

ANS, G.M. Sorrel. 8 July 1864. Send 300 men (with proper number of officers) to Capt.

McDonald, along with 50 picks and 100 shovels.

9 July 1864. Send 200 men to Capt. McDonald at McKenzie House. Signed by G.M. Sorrel.

12 July 1864. Send 300 men at dark to Capt.

McDonald at Gen. Field’s HQs. Signed by G.M. Sorrel.

13 July 1864. Send 200 men to Capt. McDonald at McKenzie House. “The details previously made have not been sufficiently supplied with tools. The one now ordered should have as many as one hundred picks & shovels.” Signed by G.M. Sorrel.

16 July 1864. Send a detail of 300 men to report at dark to Capt. McDonald.

20 July 1864. ANS by G.M. Sorrel. Send detail of 300 men with officers and tools (150) to work tonight. Let the party report at dark. Send a similar detail tomorrow at 8 AM. 22 July 1864. Order a detail of 400 men to report at dark to Capt. McDonald. Signed by G.M. Sorrel. $700 - $1,200

97 CSA Orders Regarding Medical Discharges Lot of 3: HQ 1st AC, Charlottesville, 21 April 1864.

G.O. No. 1. “All applications from Officers and men for retirement under G.O. No. 34... will hereafter be accompanied by a certificate of the Regimental Surgeon or other Medical Officer to the effect that the applicant is permanently disabled for duty in the field, and because of wounds received or sickness contracted in the service....” Signed by G.M. Sorrel.

Second item is related, and is probably the wrapper that accompanied this copy of GO No. 1 to General Kershaw. Sheet folded in thirds, with note on one panel, 24 April 1864. Apparently there was also at least one, probably more, applications for permanent disability that did not have all of their papers in order. Sorrel returned them along with this copy of GO No.1. Signed

by Sorrel.

HQ Gordonsville. 30 Aug. 1864. Cornelius Boyle to W.H. Taylor. “I would respectfully call your attention to the fact that company commanders in giving “Descriptive Rolls” to retired soldiers in most every case in which the soldier has reported at this Post - his descriptive list has failed to show a history of his case and none designate at what Post they are to report and receive their Pay which is called for under G.O. No. 34 A & I.G.O providing for an “Invalid Corps.” Docketed by Sorrel on verso. $300 - $500

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy 98 CSA Orders Regarding Protection of Citizens, Resources, & More Lot of 4: G.O. No. 38, HQ, ANV, 4 May 1864. “The great importance of protecting the agricultural interests of the country induces the Cmdg.

General to repeat the Orders heretofore issued on the subject of preventing the injury of destruction of private property...Troops & trains when on the march will be confined to the roads...& none will be permitted to pass through or encamp in cultivated fields. Much damage has resulted to fences & crops by the injudicious choice of ground for encamping the men & parking the trains....” By order of R.E. Lee, signed by G.M. Sorrel.

Circular, HQ 1st AC, Chaffins Farm, 4 Aug. 1864. “Complaints are beginning to arise among the neighboring citizens of trespass on their grounds and damage to their growing crops by loose parties of soldiers meandering at will over the country.” The circular goes on to suggest that soldiers might want to pool their resources and purchase some portion of a field of green corn or other vegetables. “In this way the citizen would be compensated & protected from wrong and the troops have issues of vegetables.” Signed by Sorrel.

HQ 1st AC. G.O. No. 21. Nov. 20, 1864. “The extent of the depredations committed by soldiers from the 1st Corps upon the stock, gardens and other property of the citizens around Richmond call for the most rigid measures of correction. If allowed to continue the result will be the demoralization of the Army. Soldiers will not be allowed to go beyond camp limits except upon proper written authority....” By command of Genl. Longstreet. Signed by Osmun Latrobe.

G.O. No. 71. HQ ANV, 12 Dec. 1864. “The General Commanding has heard with pain and mortification that outrages and depredations amounting in some cases to flagrant robbery, have been perpetrated upon citizens living within the lines and near the camps of the army. Poor and helpless persons have been stripped of the means of subsistence and suffered violence by the hands of those upon whom the had a right to rely for protection. In one instance an atrocious murder was perpetrated upon a child by a band of ruffians whose supposed object was plunder. The General Commanding is well aware that the great body of the army which so unselfishly devotes itself to the defence of the country, regards these crimes with abhorance, and that they are committed by a few miscreants unworthy of the name of soldiers. But he feels that we cannot escape the disgrace that attends these evil doers, except by the most strenuous exertions on our part to restrain their wickedness and bring upon them the just punishment of their officers....” By order of Genl. Lee, clerically signed W.H. Taylor. Signed by O. Latrobe. $400 - $600

99 Circular and Letters Regarding Review of Troops Lot of 3: HQ 1st AC, 26 April 1864. Notice that the Division will be received

by General Lee on the 28th of April. Signed by G.M. Sorrel.

Circular, HQ 1st AC, 19 April 1864, on 8 x 12.5 in. sheet. Instructions for the review - salute by artillery, McLaws division to form on front line, Fields on second line, commands to be repeated by division commanders, etc.

Signed by G.M. Sorrel.

HQ 1st AC, 7 Dec. 1864. Review scheduled for that day or the next now indefinitely postponed. Signed by O. Latrobe. $300 - $500 58

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100 Orders Regarding Courts Martial and More Lot of 5: General Orders No. 46, 25 June 1864. Extract of 1st Corps ANV Military Court. Interesting punishments: in the case of Private B.P. Kelly, 15th SC, “To be caused to ride a wooden horse or a log not above ten inches in diameter, two hours a day, one in the morning and one in the evening for twenty days, Sundays excepted, without being relieved meanwhile from his other duties; and to forfeit one month’s pay.” His infraction is not indicated in this extract. The other two apparently were AWOL, and both were to carry a fence rail four hours a day (2 AM, 2 PM), without relief from other duties, and one to forfeit two month’s pay, the other three month’s pay. This also highlights the fact that by this time, they were not executing men for desertion, even though it was punishable by death. Both sides were encountering shortages of manpower, the South, of course, more than the North. They could not afford to execute too many (and the political ramifications would have been even more dire than the manpower shortages). Estimates of desertions in the Confederacy run as high as one in three at some point during the man’s term of service, in part because families begged the men to come home as the Union Armies approached.

This extract with docket on verso signed by W.H. Taylor (clerk signed?) and A.E. Young. Also docketed by G.M. Sorrel.

G.O. No. 18, 1st AC, 6 Nov. 1864. When charges are brought against officers and men, the party filing them will give a copy to the Adjutant of the person’s regiment or battalion, and that officer will serve the copy as soon as is practicable. Signed Osmun Latrobe.

G.O. No. 19, 1st AC, 9 Nov. 1864. Orders establishment of Field Officers of the Day, who will visit their guards and pickets at least once during the day and once between midnight and daylight. “Division Commanders on the North side of the James River will act as field Officers of the Day for the whole line, alternating with each other every third day...Major Genl. Field will take the first tour.” By command of Lt. Genl.

Longstreet, signed by Osmun Latrobe.

Judge Advocate’s Office, Military Court of 1st Corps, ANV. Copy of the content of G.O. No. 12, very similar to G.O. No. 18 (above), indicating that commanding officers serve the men accused of infractions.

Signed by C.W. Wallace, Judge Advocate, who indicates that the work of the court has been delayed, and this is an injustice to all. For reasons that are not clear, both of the above GO’s (18 & 19) are docketed as received 21 Nov., even though they were issued nearly two weeks earlier, probably part of the cause of the JAG’s frustration evidenced in this communication.

G.O. No. 22, 1st AC, 22 Nov. 1864. Proceedings in Military court against Asst. Surgeon T.D. Merritt, 18th Miss. Infy. accused of drunkenness on duty, misbehavior before the enemy, and willful “misapplication of Hospital stores belonging to the Confederate States.” Apparently the court could not come to an agreement, and Surgeon Merritt would be returned to duty with charges dismissed. Signed by Osmun Latrobe. $300 - $500

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy 101 Miscellaneous Orders and Circulars from the Army Northern Virginia Lot of 12+: Special Orders No. 237, ANV, 9 Nov. 1862. “All prisoners, officers and men, delivered at Aikens Bluff below Richmond up to the 8th of November are exchanged and will immediately join their commands.”

Clerically signed A.P. Mason and G.M. Sorrel. Signed by AAAG Johnson, first initials uncertain (poss. SJC? - see below).

Engr. Camp, 7 Dec., n.y. (assume 1864). Addressed to Maj. J.M. Goggin, “Lt. Col. Johnson, having decided to put Genl. Field’s Division on the Military Road between the Charles City and Williamsburg Roads I would respectfully request that the detail for tomorrow be instructed to report at the negro camp this side of your HQs where I have had the tools sent...” Signed H.M. Graves, Lt. Engrs in charge.

Second letter, 13 Dec. 1864, also to Goggin, and signed by Graves regards another detail on the Military Road out of Williamsburg.

Communication from Commissary 1st Corps, 19 Nov. 1864. Informs the commanders that the commissary department is being reorganized. Each Division will appoint one commissary officer and two assistants, each Brigade only one commissary officer. Requesting their choices for these positions. Signed John F. Edwards, Maj. & CO, 1st Corps.

Circular, HQ, ANV, 17 Oct. 1864. Informing the commanders that they need to resume drills, especially since they have many new recruits.

“Such of the troops as can be temporarily withdrawn from the trenches with safety for the purpose will be exercised as often as circumstances will permit.” Also, keep the roads behind your troops which are used for resupply in good shape. This also facilitates movement of artillery, which also is to be maintained. Signed W.H. Taylor (clerically signed?) and S.J.C. Moore.

Circular, HQ ANV, 27 Sept. 1864. Furloughs which have been approved, are being delivered to the men without endorsements indicating the time the furlough is to take effect. Let them know when they may leave and when they are expected to return. By command of General Lee, clerically signed W.H. Taylor, signed by Saml. J.C. Moore.

Circular, HQ, ANV, 29 Oct. 1864. “In accordance with Part XXI Special Orders No. 253 .... Officers in hospitals applying for leaves of absence will be required to remain there until their applications pass through the hands of Commanding Officers...” By command of Genl. Lee, clerically signed W.H. Taylor, signed by S.J.C. Moore.

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Samuel Johnson Cramer Moore (1826-1908) enlisted as soon as war was declared, 4/18/61, as a 34-year-old lawyer, and surrendered at Appomattox C.H. He held a number of positions, as Inspector General, Judge Advocate, and various related positions, here as AAG. He continued as a lawyer and judge postwar.

Lot also includes printed copies of G.O. No. 66, June 8, 1862 and G.O. No. 97, both still “Dept. of Northern Va.” Plus G.O. No. 126, 12 Nov. 1862, now “Army of No. Va. “ Also a wrapper that at one point held orders from May 10, 1862 - Jan 18, 1864. Plus two blank copies of applications for furloughs in 1864. $200 - $400

102 Stonewall Jackson’s Way, Manuscript Ballad Written by John Williamson Palmer John Williamson Palmer (1825-1906). Baltimore physician and Confederate sympathizer, claimed that he wrote the hugely popular ballad, Stonewall Jackson’s Way on September 16, 1862, while overhearing the battle of Antietam. The lot features a 3pp fair copy in Palmer’s hand of the six verses of his song, signed at conclusion. Also included is an ALS from Palmer, 1p, New Haven, 1886, noting: ...Whatever may be the good or bad points of the song, it has certainly had a romantic history....

The letter and lyrics are all expertly inlaid into larger pages, professionally bound in half red leather binder with gilt trim and marbled end papers. $500 - $700

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103 Eutaw Plantation, South Carolina, Collection Featuring Written Account of Yankee Raid on Plantation, Plus Related Items from the Sinkler & Darby Families Lot of 19 items, including books, photographs, and other personal belongings related to the Sinkler and Darby families of South Carolina.

The highlight of the collection is a 4pp, post-Civil War account entitled The Raid at Eutaw Plantation, by Mrs. Deas F. Sinkler Darby, which offers a detailed description of a Yankee attack on her family’s plantation.

Research indicates that Deas was born to William and Anna Sinkler in 1847. In the letter, Deas paints a vivid picture of the raid on Eutaw, which involved Union General Alfred Hartwell and his soldiers. She describes the chaos, in part...in the twinkle of an eye the house and yard swarmed with black and white soldiers, they rushed all over the house ostensibly looking for fire arms, opening bureau drawers, throwing things on the floor...by that time hundreds of negroes from neighboring plantations had gathered - rushed madly around whooping and screaming many of them drunk...She also mentions that the General stayed in the house..eating and drinking the best of everything while all we had to eat was wheat.

The letter is accompanied by the privately published book written by Deas’ relative, Elizabeth Allen Sinkler Coxe, entitled Memories of a South Carolina Plantation During the War (1912), in which General Hartwell’s raid is described in further detail.

Elizabeth “Lizzie” Sinkler Coxe was born in 1843 at Belvidere Plantation near Eutawville, SC, which was in close proximity to Eutaw Plantation.

She was the daughter of Charles Sinkler and Emily Wharton Sinkler.

Her father was a successful cotton plantation owner in South Carolina

and her mother was a member of the prominent Wharton family of Philadelphia. She authored several books including An Antebellum Plantation Household and Between North and South: The Letters of Emily Wharton Sinkler, 1842-1865.

Elizabeth overcame the traumas of the Civil War and afterwards married Union Army Major Charles Brinton Coxe in 1870. They moved to Drifton, PA, in 1873, and had only been married three years when Charles died very unexpectedly during a trip to Egypt. After being widowed, Elizabeth dedicated herself to a lifelong pursuit of philanthropy, intellectual endeavors, and extensive world travel with her family. Elizabeth kept numerous letters, diaries, records, photos and other memorabilia of her life’s experiences, part of which she put into book form in Memories of a South Carolina Plantation (offered today) and War and Tales from the Grand Tour, 1890-1910 (Women’s Diaries and Letters of the South).

The archive is accompanied by a Sinkler family CDV album containing 9 images, most unidentified, bearing Charleston, SC, Philadelphia, PA, and Mt. Vernon, OH, backmarks. However, a small tintype of a young woman in paper mount is identified in period pencil as Lizzie Sinkler.

Other personal belongings include a Bible, cover identified in gilt lettering to W. Sinkler, dated 1852, likely the father of Deas F. Sinkler Darby; Bible inscribed on FFEP to My dear little daughter Margaret C. Darby, dated 1885; and 2 sketchbooks and an autograph album identified to Margaret Darby, Columbia SC. Lastly, the collection includes 2 early 20th century silver prints of Eutaw Plantation and a chapel near Eutaw, as well as a book entitled Plantations of the Carolina Low Country by Samuel Gaillard Stoney, published in 1945. Both the Eutaw and Belvidere Plantations, which were lost as a result of flooding in the area, are referenced in the book.

These items were found among the belongings of Confederate Lt. Colonel Warren Adams, whose family is linked to the Sinker and Darby families through marriage. (See also Lots 31-37.)

Descended in the Family of Confederate Lt. Colonel Warren Adams $600 - $800

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Union Thomas Tinsley Heath, Brevet Brigadier General, USA General Thomas Tinsley Heath (1835-1925) was born in Xenia, OH to Rev. Uriah and Mary Ann Perkins Heath, his father being one of the leading Methodist preachers in the Ohio Conference. Not surprisingly, his father also was an abolitionist and advocate for higher education, being a trustee of both Ohio University and Ohio Wesleyan University.

The children read the Bible before entering school. Both parents also had ancestors who served in the Revolution, instilling a spirit of military service in their children. Young Thomas did not, however, follow his father into the ministry, instead being determined to practice law. He later specialized in business, patent and estate law rather than criminal or general practice.

When the news of Fort Sumter reached Heath, he closed his law office in Cincinnati, and petitioned Washington to allow him to recruit three regiments there. Under authority of General Fremont, he recruited, organized and equipped the Fifth Regiment of Ohio Cavalry. Since he had no direct military experience, he refused the colonelcy of the unit, but recommended William Henry Harrison Taylor, a nephew and sonin-law of President Harrison for the post and accepted the Lieutenant Colonelcy for himself. The unit organized at Camp Dick Corwine near Cincinnati; in November 1861 it moved to Camp Dennison (eastern Hamilton County, OH) for training.

After a period of time, Heath tired of recruiting, training and drilling troops and was itching to get into the field. In the spring of 1862, just before the campaign season began, he wrote directly to Secretary of War Stanton telling him that he had 1200 trained and equipped cavalry sitting at Camp Dennison, all of whom enlisted to help the Union. If Stanton didn’t want their help, they would go home.

Otherwise, they would like to be sent where they could help. A retained copy of this letter is in the first archive. Stanton reportedly read the appeal to a room full of people, approved the appeal and within two days, Heath and his cavalry were on steamboats headed down the Ohio River (although technically only 1142 strong). About the 16th of March they landed at Pittsburg Landing, and set out on a

104 Brig. General Thomas Tinsley Heath, 5th Ohio Cavalry, Civil War Footlocker & Manuscript Archive Lot of over 900 orders, letters, and other paper items in a footlocker, 24 x 13 x 11.5 in. with (Gen.?) T.T. Heath / 5th OVC lettered on one end, leather covered with metal strips on the corners held with tacks, and strips of wood (“bumpers”) on top and long sides of wood. Inside top is a lovely print of the kind often seen in memorial art. The bottom lined with wallpaper.

The lot includes a large lithograph of Heath, 7 x 9.5 in. plate on an 11 x 14 in. heavy paper stock, with facsimile signature. Printed by “Western Biogl. Publ Co., Cin. O.” A cdv that is included in the trunk is of Samuel Riggs, whose house was burned by Quantrill’s Raiders in Lawrence, KS. It is not clear why this cdv is here, but the 5th OVC spent most of the war in the Western Theater, and could have encountered Riggs or one of his friends. (According to legends of the day, Riggs’ wife saved his life by holding the bridle of the raider’s horse, giving her husband just enough time to duck for cover before the shooting started, then escape through the back of the house to the nearby woods. In many ways, Lawrence was inspiration in the West in the way Ellsworth was in the East.)

The collection is composed of several packets of papers. There are nearly 300 war-dated items that include orders, telegrams, ordnance inventories. In addition, since the 5th OVC served for several months after the war ended, there are nearly 200 items dating between midApril and the end of 1865. These consist of over 100 orders, etc. There is a bundle of over 70 military telegraph messages from this period, and even 14 commissions dated 4 Sept. 1865, all for men who were never mustered into those positions.

In addition the archive contains close to 300 letters: at least 6 from 1862, 83 from 1863, 108 from 1864 and 15 from 1865-1866 (some envelopes contain multiple letters). Most of these are to Heath’s wife, 62

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night march to destroy a railroad at Iuka. About 300 yards from Shiloh Church, they were attacked by Clanton’s brigade of Alabama Cavalry.

They had arrived in time to aid Grant in the battle that took its name from that same church three weeks later, on April 6-7. Col. Taylor became ill, so Lt. Col. Heath led the only cavalry charge made in the battle at Shiloh /Pittsburg Landing. The regiment was under constant fire, directly under Grant’s command. And, even though it was a raw regiment, both Grant and Sherman gave it high marks. The 5th OVC remained with the army through the siege of Corinth. Colonel Taylor’s health forced him to be absent much of the time, effectively leaving Heath in command. When Taylor was detailed to court-martial duty in late 1863, Heath decided to reorganize the regiment, weed out incompetent officers and institute discipline and education.

It remained primarily in the Western Theater until it veteranized in spring of 1864. It then joined Sherman on his March to the Sea and through the Carolinas. It was retained through the fall of 1865, mustering out at the end of October. During the military reconstruction Heath appointed justices of the peace, paroled rebel soldiers, and made sure the civilian government was functioning in 57 counties of the Carolinas. Many of the documents in these lots relate to these efforts.

Before the war, Heath was engaged, but postponed the wedding because of hostilities. He did procure a week’s leave in Nov. 1862 to come home and be married to Mary Elizabeth Bagley. He got home once a year during the war, and she was able to visit him on two occasions, then joining him in North Carolina after the surrender. The couple never had children, and she died in 1872. Four years later he was married to Mary Louise Slack of Middletown, Ohio. This union produced four sons and three daughters, although two sons died of diphtheria in 1889. Heath built a home in Loveland, “Miamanon.” He was also active in the Methodist Episcopal Church in Loveland, and many receipts for purchases of building materials are in lots 104 and 105, along with communications with pastors of the church.

with a few others to and from his mother, sister, and brother. There are, in addition, over 80 letters that are mostly military in nature, many men wanting commissions, paroles, men on sick leave, reports needed. A couple soldiers wanted to get out of prison, one stating he would gladly serve in the unit, and that dying in battle would be better than rotting in prison. Another poignant letter came from a BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Union young girl stating that both of their parents had died and that there were several young children still at home. She asked if Heath could send her brother home to take care of them.

The material tells the story of one Ohio cavalry unit, initially numbered the second cavalry, but subsequently changed to the 5th. After recruiting and organizing at Camp Dick Corwin, the unit moved to Camp Dennison for training.

After several months in camp, the unit was getting bored.

There is a retained copy of a letter from Heath to John Gurley at the War Department requesting an assignment.

He gets a bit “testy”: “Is it the policy for the Government to keep 1200 good cavalry troops cooped up in Camp Dennison all these months?

Do our countrymen care for us now that we are enlisted and deprived of home comforts and society? Are we forgotten, and consigned to hopeless oblivion, without a possibility of forcing ourselves into notice by honorable actions in the country’s service? …. Cannot you find for us some General who can use Cavalry – is there not some place where we can aid our country in her hour of need? …

We want pistols and carbines at once, and we are ready for any work, in any quarter that the United States of America can best use men.

We will go East, West, South or North, anywhere and cheerfully, if orders can be procured.” Endorsed by Gen. George Ruggles. Another letter is on Adjutant General’s Office, Washington letterhead, with a March 27, 1862 date. “I have the honor to return to you, herewith, the letter addressed to you by Lt. Col. Heath, 5th Ohio Vols. The subject of this letter will be immediately brought to the attention of the War Department.” This is shortly after he wrote for an assignment, and could have been making its “rounds” in Washington.

The unit was shipped out in short order to Paducah, KY, and thence to Pittsburg Landing, TN. In the earliest letter in the group (unfortunately missing a section), he writes to his then-fiancé: Pittsburgh [sic] Tennessee, March 20th 1862 / My Dear Mary – I was so suddenly called away from Camp Dennison, and that too with the advance of our regiment and was charged with the case of everything so heavily that I found it impossible to run up and take a farewell kiss and tell you once again “Good Bye” – and too, I confess I was fearful to see your tears and hear you sob at my departure. I left Cincinnati on the 28th of February, reached Paducah Ky on the 2d of March, and was immediately ordered to Fort Henry on the Tennessee River….” They were engaged in minor skirmishes and scouts before arriving just in time for the battle at Shiloh/Pittsburg Landing. Reportedly Col. Taylor was ill, leaving command of the unit to Lt. Col. Heath, who impressed many, including Generals Grant and Sherman, in mounting the only cavalry charge of the engagement.

Things seem to have gone relatively smoothly for the first year, although Col. Taylor appears to have been absent with various illnesses during much of the time. Then Heath got into some kind of trouble. There are numerous papers included in this lot that relate to courts martial, including his own. Apparently Col. Taylor filed charges against Heath for “Conduct Unbecoming….” In a pair of letters dated March 6 and 9, 1863, Heath writes to his wife: [6] “I did not tell you Mary

who was being court martialed, because I could not tell you all about it – but now that it is over I can tell you. It was your husband who was being tried on charges of “Disobedience of Orders” preferred by Col. W.H.H. Taylor.

I was for 3 weeks on trial, and after Co. Taylor swore all he could, and got all his friends to swear all they could, the court notified me that I need not produce a single witness and they unanimously acquitted me of every charge and every specification. This course of Taylor’s was the crowning act of his infamy, and now for me the sympathy of every man here – It decided me as the commanding officer of the regiment, and showed to all that he was falsely charging me out of petty jealousy and spite.” [9] – “I have just heard something which makes me fear you have spoken to somebody of the contents of my letters to you. For Gods sake don’t speak to anyone of a word I write you. You might plunge me into trouble by a little indiscretion which would ruin me. My letters to you are not to be seen by anyone. Ever your husband, Heath.” (He usually signed his letters “your affectionate husband” – not this time!) In a separate letter Mar. 12, 1863, he again notes: “There is much bitterness of feeling on the part of Col. Taylor toward me, but I have the inside track and I intend to keep it.

I am in command, and I always expect to be until after Taylor is out of the service. I heard the other day a remark dropped which made me fear that spy’s even on your track. And even telling the conversations you had about your husband and the manner in which Col. Taylor treated him.—There can be no mistake about it. Somebody had told some expressions dropped by you or some of your family…. I earnestly ask you never at anytime to permit yourself to speak of anything I write you…”

It is unclear whether Taylor again filed charges, although it appears so, since Heath was ordered arrested again in mid-April. He later notes that Gen. Hurlbut was willing to file any charges Taylor brought, but refused to file charges brought against Taylor by Heath. One item in this lot is an undated sworn statement taken in Memphis from William McFarland, formerly 1st Lieut. And QM of the 5th OVC who stated that when he applied to Taylor for the QM position, Taylor told him he could have it for $600. Hurlbut apparently gave Taylor a F&S position and the two men often shared officers’ quarters.

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There is a packet of receipts, etc. that appear to relate to family matters during the war. One item in the packet is a letter signed by Taylor and approved by Hurlbut allowing both Thomas and William Heath leave to return to Ohio to bury their father. Could this be related to the court martial charges? Another possibility relates to a letter from Nelson Reuben Derby, Surgeon, stating that Heath was extremely ill in May 1862, and Derby recommended that he retire to a more northern climate to recover. He was carried to Pittsburg Landing and put on a boat for home (we believe somewhere in here is a note that William accompanied him, since he was not capable of going alone). Possibly Derby had them leave, but Taylor did not approve, or thought the surgeon was going over his head? A letter from Charles S. Hamilton dated 2 Feb. 1863, restores Heath to service, since he had been inadvertently mustered out during an illness (not necessarily this illness).

Ultimately, Taylor left the service and Heath was promoted to command of the 5th OVC, and, although he had no formal military training, he threw himself into the task. One of the first things he seems to have done was bring others up on charges – “housecleaning.” He got rid of others accused of corruption or inefficiency, and got appointments for his own choices. He had been a lawyer before the war, so there are many papers of a legal nature, both in his own court martial cases and others – some of them men he was forcing out of the 5th OVC. [We have a feeling there was also more to this than meets the eye. There were letters in different packets in here that we think are associated. There was a letter from a former member of the unit thanking Heath for getting him discharged to handle family matters. But there are other letters indicating that the army was not granting discharges for any reason, and we think this soldier was one of the court martial cases – the next owner might look into these.

Did Heath trump up charges to get one of his men out of service when other options failed?)

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By the end of the war, Heath had one of the best-disciplined units in service. He tells his wife: [Nov. 12, 1864, Marietta, GA.] “The Officers of this new Cavalry Corps were last night invited to attend a meeting of Ceremony at General Kilpatricks Hd Qrs. I took my officers up and introduced each one of them, and I never felt prouder, for I had 16 of the finest looking, best drilled and best dressed officers in the assembly… I may not get another letter from you for four weeks or more, as after we leave this place we will not again see our own people until we get to the sea coast and meet the Fleet,…” This marked the beginning of the Savannah Campaign, Nov. 15 – Dec. 21, 1864, otherwise known as Sherman’s “March to the Sea.” Sometimes one can follow movements in these telegrams and orders: Nov. 16 [1863] Telegraph from WT Sherman: Leave property in Corinth and move forward. “If there be any shelter tents I will approve your Requisition but the less you encumber yourself, the better.”

Nov. 26, 1863 – Special Field Orders to escort a train of supplies & ammo to 15th AC, by order of Osterhaus, approved by Maj. Gen. Grant.

Dec. 8, 1863 - Telegraph from Sherman – push forward with the best of your men & horses to Tellico Plains – remain until we come up.

Dec 15, 1863 - reinforce Col. Long, guard RR bridge at Charleston – “[you] will subsist on the resources of the country till other arrangements can be made.” By order of WT Sherman.

There are other items such as one letter – sent postage due – from Thomas Hare which basically states that he is a prisoner of war. He also lets Heath know others are there, also. “Major Henry is here. He is well.”

There are receipts for prisoners taken by Heath’s unit, including one “rebel deserter.” (As supplies and materiel became critically short in the Confederacy, many soldiers deserted to the North for a meal.)

About the same time as Sherman began the second leg of his “cross-Confederacy trek,” the 3-year enlistment for the 5th OVC was BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

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expired. The wheels of the Army move slowly. There were a few communications in October relating to the impending muster out, and by 6 Nov. 1864 a list of 6 captains was sent, all were to proceed to Ohio to be mustered out. Then little seems to have happened, but Sherman’s campaign may have hindered the mustering out to an extent. By the end of December, Heath again gets a bit testy. A letter (and drafts) dated 22 Dec. 1864 state that he has served beyond his enlistment term and his family needs him; if it is essential to remain, he would like a 30-day leave, during which he would be willing to recruit other officers and men while at home. Although this sounds a bit selfish, other units who veteranized during this period were granted 30-day leaves before returning to their units. As always, some men would leave service and some would veteranize during these reorganizations. There is a significant bunch of material related to a major recruiting push in Jan. and Feb. of 1865 in which William McKendree Heath was in Cincinnati to recruit, presumably to help fill the ranks to full strength after losing those who chose to leave.

Also during this later period, the unit decided on a regimental flag and requested Mrs. Heath (“Lady Heath”) to make it for them. The lot contains a short description of the flag (“Of yellow silk, Twenty Two (22) inches fly – Eighteen (18) inches on the pike. The pike including spear and ferrule to be seen (7) feet in length – The fringe of the colors to be silk. In the centre two cannons crossing – with the letters U.S. above – “5th Ohio Cavalry Howitzers” below – Cords and Tassels red and yellow silk inter.”) plus a small pencil sketch of the flag and the letter requesting her to make it.

A group of three letters concerns making arrangements in Jan. and Feb. 1865 to bring Genl. Hooker’s horse, “Lookout,” to Cincinnati [signed by Joseph Hooker], and a letter to Heath from Edward Wolcott “If there is room in your stable please let the horse remain there and allow one of your men to take charge of him.”

Not only did the 5th OVC become a veteran unit, it was retained after the surrenders. This material contains an even larger variety of material, if possible. There are complaints from citizens about horses and mules being taken, the need for more police, the resignation of the Albemarle police commandant, a note from citizens to get military prisoners out of their jail, a horse found wandering that has a US brand, statements about a murder in Yadkin County, and witness statements identifying the murderer, plus orders for Heath to round up a suspect in the murder of William Smith (accompanying a petition signed by 28 men of Carwell County, plus a description of the suspect), requests from other units to be mustered out, especially a couple of Pennsylvania units, orders to retain the band until Heath returned [June 21, 1865] (he apparently returned home shortly after the war ended for a leave). There were orders to stop allowing armed men to gather or meet during the campaigns, and to emphasize that order must be kept during elections. One letter dated 14 June 1865 notes that John Garret and Joshua Bullock were arrested for whipping a negro woman, that also indicates that it was difficult to restrain citizens from whipping freed men.

While in North Carolina, Heath picked up several Confederate letters.

One was a docketed wrapper dated 6 Feb. 1865, Raleigh, signed by aides of Lt. Gen. Holmes, at least one adjutant, and a note “Disppd.

Th.H. Holmes.” (Theophilus Hunter Holmes (1804-1880) was a Confederate Lt. Gen.) There is a letter to Maj. Gen. Schofield, June 3, 1865, letter from John Johns Jr., late 1st Lieut CSA, informing him that he had in his possession a pair of mules & wagon in lieu of $1400 owed him by the Confederate govt. (so no one thinks he stole them) – Docketed by J.A. Campbell, Schofield’s AAG, also sgd. by J. Kilpatrick, and Thomas Heath.

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One very dirty manuscript Special Order No. 5, Aug. 28, 1861, has a pencil note on verso “Picked up at the battle of Stony Creek Va.” Signed

by Col. Milo Smith Hascall’s AG. There are autographed letters and notes by: Gen. Albert Lindley Lee (plus a shorter note); Maj. Gen. Stephen Augustus Hurlbut (1815-1882); 5 letters by Edward Wolcott in addition to the one above; Grenville Mellen Dodge (1831-1916); Brig. Gen. (Bvt. Maj. Gen.) John Eugene Smith (1816-1897), 2 ANsS; Edward Moody McCook (1833-1909), one of the “Fighting McCooks;” P. Joseph Osterhaus [Peter Joseph Osterhaus (1823-1917)]; Charles Smith Hamilton (1822-1891); James Clifford Veatch, Brig. Gen. (1819-1895); Adelbert Ames, Bvt. Maj. Genl.

(1835-1933) – CMOH Manassas; and Green Berry Raum (1829-1909).

In addition, there are documents docketed or endorsed by: J. Kilpatrick [Hugh Judson Kilpatrick (1836-1881)]; Brig. Gen. C. R. Woods (Charles Robert Woods (1827-1885); Coates Kinney, paymaster and later Poet Laureate of Ohio; Maj. Gen. John A. Logan [John Alexander Logan (1826-1866)]; John E. Smith (as above); Maj. Gen. James B. Steedman [James Blair Steedman (1817-1883)]; W.W. Holden, Governor of North Carolina; J.A. Campbell [John Allen Campbell, Bvt. Brig. Gen. (18351880), Schofield’s AG]; Geo. B. Dyer, Maj. Gen. Vols. & Prov. Marshal [George Burton Dyer]; Hugh Ewing, Brig. Gen. (1826-1905); George Shumard (Medical Director, District of KY); and Brig. Genl. B.H. Grierson [Benjamin Henry Grierson (1826-1922)], plus others not listed here.

There is a map, approx. 19.5 x 29 in. on very thin tissue paper, “Map of the Northern Portion of the State of Mississippi.” Bottom edge is torn, either from a book or part of it is missing.

The archive includes four books, at least a couple of which must have been used by Heath to train his regiment: Craighill, William P. The Army Officer’s Pocket Companion; Principally Designed for Staff Officers in the Field. New York: D. Van Nostrand, 1862.

16mo, full leather, marbled end papers and page edges, 314pp.

Cooke, Philip St. Geo. Cavalry Tactics: or, Regulations for the Instruction, Formations and Movements of the Cavalry of the Army and Volunteers of the United States… Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1862, Vol. II. 16mo, embossed cloth, gilt spine lettering, 108pp plus 12 pp ads.

Stephens, Thomas. A New System of Broad and Small Sword Exercise… to Which are Added Instructions in Horsemanship, … Milwaukee: Jermain & Brightman, 1861. 12mo, embossed cloth, gilt front lettering, 116pp.

Inscribed and signed by author.

The Declaration of Independence of the United States of America.

New York: R. Spalding, 1867. 8vo, embossed device front and back, highlighted in gilt on front, 86pp. Clipped signature of George Washington affixed to p. 74 (below a facsimile signature) $5,000 - $7,000

105 Brig. General Thomas Tinsley Heath, 5th Ohio Cavalry, Manuscript Archive Archive of over 500 of items collected by Thomas Tinsley Heath of southwestern Ohio, Lieutenant Colonel, then Colonel, of the 5th Ohio Volunteer Cavalry. The archive spans the pre-war period, at the beginning of his legal career, to after Heath’s death. The pre-war material is primarily legal in nature, as Heath had been admitted to the bar in 1858. After a trip abroad he began practice in Cincinnati with Thomas Ware (Ware & Heath). There is a war-date note (July 31, 1862) to Heath from Thomas Ware, at this point with the City Solicitor’s Office. Although dated during the war, it relates to a prewar land deed, and is between former partners (before Ware took the Solicitor’s position), so is included here with the earlier material.

There is a Bounty Land Certificate for 80 acres for the service of John Ferris of the Ohio Militia in the War of 1812. It is signed by J.E. Heath, Commissioner, likely a relative, though the relationship is unclear.

Manuscript and partially printed bank drafts for John H. Piatt and Co. Bankers, dated 1817-1818, are also included. A land deed from 1854 and plat map of “Morris’ Addition” to Worthington, Ohio, planned by Uriah Heath, Thomas’ father accompany the lot. The material includes printed by-laws of the Worthington, Ohio Masonic Lodge (1857) and a book of certificates with two promissory notes for quarterly payments to Heath, for May and September, 1863 (again, war-date, but related to civilian business).

By far the largest category is the war-dated material. There is virtually every kind of paper used by the Army – pay vouchers, enlistment papers, bounty payments to recruits, muster rolls, discharge notifications, ordnance returns, compensation for loss of horses, general orders, etc. (Heath does not appear to have thrown anything out!) Most of the orders are of the variety “be at HQ at 8am tomorrow with a detail of 150 men with 4 days’ rations….” Or “you will report to headquarters at 10 am tomorrow….” There are the occasional other subjects. One manuscript copy of G.O. No. 4 (Jan. 10, 1863): “Robbery is becoming a common crime in this command. It must cease. Straggling from the ranks while on a march, and from camp while at rest is a fruitful source of this evil. Hereafter when any regt. or detacht. of this Brigade is on a march, the officer in Command of such Regt. or detacht. will ride in the rear of the same.” They were then ordered to report any stragglers to the commanding officer. There are orders pertaining to what needs to

be done with confiscated cotton, a subject which is also addressed in the post-war material.

Heath was on recruiting duty in Ohio on a number of occasions.

There is at least one receipt in this archive from the Daily and Weekly Cincinnati Gazette for an ad placed in the paper for recruiting. In his position, he was in constant communication with Columbus, both the Ohio adjutant and the Governor. The lot contains at least half a dozen letters from Governor David Tod, many regarding recruiting or officer appointments.

The archive features a large group of papers related to several courts martial, including his own. There apparently were several, but this episode has papers with March and April 1863 dates. And, indeed, one newspaper clipping among the letters quips: “Lieut. Col. Heath is again under arrest for some misconduct, and hence the command devolved upon Major Hayes…” Heath was accused of “advising or persuading a soldier to desert the service of the United States,” in this case his brother William McKendree Heath and of “conduct unbecoming…” for failure to repay a loan of $133.33 to the sutler, John Zumstein, even though Heath had expressly approved the money to be taken from his pay to give to Zumstein (and apparently never was). In a letter to Governor Tod, Heath writes: “I am pleased to inform you that I was duly tried by Court Marital on the charges preferred against me by Col. Taylor, and was honorably acquitted of every charge and every Specification on the testimony of the witnesses for the prosecution, the Court kindly informing me it was not necessary for me to call a single witness in defence!” Although we have not found the initial cause of the conflict, much of this seems to relate to an issue between Heath and Col. W.H.H. Taylor, whom Heath initially recommended as head of the regiment when it was forming. In the papers relating to the charges against Taylor, Heath charges that he was a poor leader, as he had never informed his officers of their duties, or any changes, etc., dating back to since the time they were in training. There seems to have been a “court martial war” since Heath was cleared in March 1863, but arrested again in April (again with complaints by Taylor). Comments in one letter suggest that Hurlbut has refused to bring other charges against Taylor that were filed by Heath. He goes on to mention that Gen. Hurlbut seemed to retain confidence in Taylor, and that the two were boarding together. Taylor was reassigned by Hurlbut after he was removed from command of the 5th OVC.

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William H. Fagaly served as Sergeant in a 100-day unit, then enlisted in the 5th OVC in October 1861 as a Captain. He resigned a year later. In one letter Fagaly offers to help with recruiting a new Cavalry regiment in Ohio in late summer to fall of 1862. In a letter dated 3 Mar. 1863 he writes: “I was glad to learn of your victory over that d__d horrid Col. Tayler…” And in June 1863, “I would like to testify against that grand villain Col. Tayler…” Another supporter was Elbridge Ricker, who enlisted at the somewhat more advanced age of 43 years. He apparently became an associate of Heath’s, as a letter sent to Heath in April 1863, shortly after he returned to Ohio after resigning his commission, would suggest. He tells Heath about a conversation with Governor Tod, and tells Heath that Tod is no supporter of Taylor. He also notes that “Harrison and Halsey are the guilty parties,” of what is uncertain to us, but was certainly known to Heath. He goes on to say that he suggested to the Governor that if he had any concern for the regiment, he would not promote Harrison, and Tod agreed to do that.

One of the letters in this group is from James C. Harrison, who writes to find out why he was passed over for promotion.

There are other court martial papers and related items. One is the

cover sheet that accompanied the resignation of Newton M. Reid, 2nd Lieut. Co. C to which Heath has added his recommendation: “Respectfully forwarded approved / An unfortunate habit of intoxication has destroyed this officer – He can no longer be relied on – He has repeatedly violated his pledges, and brought reproach and disgrace on his regiment and the service…” Others relate to the court martial of William Owens, who enlisted as 1st Lieutenant and was promoted to Capt. in April 1863, and for dismissal of Peter Hill, Co. A, for inefficiency. Some of these may have been part of Heath’s “cleaning house” to make the unit “lean and mean.”

A group of over 20 letters from J.L. (John) Miner, another Ohio attorney, are also included. By 1872, Miner was a superior court judge in Cincinnati. A number of letters between Miner and Heath make reference to Heath’s court martial, and Miner volunteers to be a witness if needed. Judge Miner refers to Taylor in some rather uncomplimentary terms. An Osceolo Minor (Miner?) enlisted in the 5th OVC, but was discharged for disability in July 1862 (possibly a relative, since spelling is variable in Civil War records).

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Just over four dozen letters are from various friends and associates; nine to his wife and at least 20 from his mother, brother and sister.

Many of these “personal” letters also relate to the military, as they are requests for a position in field & staff, or other favors (leave of absence, discharges, or information). One letter from a woman asks Heath if he knows where her brother is, since she had not heard from him since he had enlisted (he survived the war). A letter from A. N. (Alfred) Robinson pleads: “I take this method of sending you a line to beg of you for God’s sake to get me away from here or come out and stay with me. If you are under arrest again as I hear threatened write a letter to Col. Lee to grant me a leave of absence until such times as you can rejoin the Regt.

You only can know the studied neglect and indifference with which I am treated here. They seem to wish to totally ignore my presence and this to me is maddening….This you know is my only recourse as they will not recognize me here as an officer.”

There are several items related to Gen. Albert Lindley Lee. Included are several sheets of questions for a deposition, a letter from Heath with A.L. Lee docket on fold, and an ALS with two notes written and signed

by Lee. One letter is from “Bolly” Lewis. Elias Langham Lewis was better known as Colonel “Bolly” Lewis. He was an associate proprietor of the Gibson House in Cincinnati, and surely known by most of the businessmen in town. Lewis is also known for his Fourth of July, 1850, Oration Delivered Before the Conglomerated Mass of Human and Vegetable Slugs, at the Odlin Spring, on Stillwater, Western Ohio. This little burlesque was so popular it was printed, circulated, and read for a number of years at July 4th gatherings.

An interesting item is a sketch for a memorial for the 5th OVC along with a cover letter dated 17 Mar. 1864 – before the war was over. The letterhead indicates that the design was produced by Middleton, Strobridge & Co., Lithographers & Engravers. It is a typical design of the period, with panels for members of the unit or battle honors, vignettes of cavalry battles, a woman mourning the loss of a loved one, etc.

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There are over 50 letters and orders from after the surrender of the ANV. From general history books the casual reader gets the impression that the armies quit fighting and everyone went home. Not so. The items here show much of what has to happen to “wind down” a war – ordnance and other items (saddles, tack, tents and equipment) have to be turned in and accounted for. The peace often needs to be reinforced. Many of these orders are the same as the wartime orders – “take a detachment of 100 men to some small town to maintain order,” or “your ordnance reports were due yesterday.” The 5th Ohio Cavalry, having moved east with Sherman, found itself at the end of the war in the east. It was moved to the Department of Western North Carolina.

The war, however, was far from over. One of the early “post-war” orders is wonderful. “Hd Qrs. Cav. Comd. M.D.M. In the field, N.C. April 26 1865.

General. Maj. Genl. Sherman and others will be here at about 10 o’clock A.M. to again open negotiations with Genl. Johnson [sic – Johnston].

The General Commanding would be pleased to see you at his Hd Qrs to accompany the party to the meeting. He also suggests that a bottle of your good whiskey would not come amiss.” [emph. added] As late as September, there were disturbances. One order from Headquarters, dated Sept. 14 informs Heath that “considerable disturbance exists in Buncombe Madison Yancey and adjoining counties and that numerous conflicts take place between returned soldiers of the Union and Rebel Armies…. The General desires you to take prompt action and remedy the evils complained of without delay.” This is signed by J.A. Campbell, (Schofield’s AAG). Campbell has added a short addition in his hand and signed it a second time.

If it wasn’t returning soldiers, it was citizens and former slaves: “Head Qrs. District of West North Carolina, Salisbury N.C. Sept. 20, 1865. “I have the honor to make a report to you in regard to a riot which occurred at Concord N.C. Sept 21st 1865. According to your instructions I proceeded to Concord N.C. Sept. 22n with (1) one commissioned officer and (24) twenty four men for the purpose of investigating the case and arresting guilty parties.” He goes on to report the names of those arrested and BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

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where they looked for the ones who were missing. “The disturbance was between white citizens and Freedmen. From statements made to me by different [witnesses] I do not consider the Freedmen in fault as what fighting was done by them was done in self-defence.” Signed by J.D. Settler, Capt. 130th Ind. Vol. Infy. & Pro[vost]. Mar[shall].

There was also the issue of orderly mustering out, and several of these forms address that issue – “July 20, 1865. The muster-out of the 8th Indiana Cavalry having been completed, the regiment will proceed to Indianapolis Ind. And report to the Chief Mustering Officer of the State for final paper and payment. Q.M. Dept. will furnish transportation for 39 officers and 621 enlisted men.” July 23, the 10th Ohio Cav. mustered out and headed for Cleveland. The 5th Ohio Cav. did not muster out until the end of October, and some of her officers, a month later.

After the war Heath built a house in Loveland, Ohio, today a suburb of Cincinnati, but then it would have been a “country home.” The post-war material contains many receipts for building materials, both for his home and for the Methodist Episcopal Church in Loveland, of which he was an active member. Included is a manuscript copy of the chapter on the 5th OVC that appeared in 1896 in “Ohio in the Civil War.” There is also a typeset copy of the History of the 5th Ohio Cavalry with page numbers 803-815. Since these are printed on one side of the sheet, it is likely a copy sent to Heath for proofing.

Sometime between Heath’s death and acquisition by the consignor, a relative was interested in philately. Envelopes with different stamps were separated, and some stamps removed. There is a separate envelope with stamps and a few letters with the lot. There are also bundles of blank forms and stationery, envelopes, etc. As noted, Heath threw nothing away.

A view of the second half of the war and immediate late war/early post-war period from the point of a “citizen soldier” who had no military training before the advent of the rebellion. $2,000 - $4,000 SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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106 Medical Director, Henry Janes, ADS from Letterman Hospital Near Gettysburg, October 1863, Releasing Civilian Doctor Robert Horner ADS, 1p, dated HdQrs Letterman Hosp., near Gettysburg, Pa., 24 Oct 1863, reading in full: A. Asst. Surg. Rob’t Horner is hereby relieved from duty at this place on account of the expiration of his contract. Signed

by Henry Janes as Surgeon Superintendent in charge of hospitals at Gettysburg. ADS is accompanied by a group of Dr. Horner’s papers and family photographs.

Dr. Robert Horner (1825-1899) was one of the few civilian doctors working in the town of Gettysburg before the famous battle and was contracted by the US Army shortly afterward. He and more than 30 other surgeons were posted to Camp Letterman (aka the General Hospital at Gettysburg) to treat the nearly 1,600 patients, of which roughly half were Confederates. The photographs included in the lot show Dr. Horner and his family ca 1880s-1890s, and several bear the mark of noted Gettysburg Battlefield photographer W.H. Tipton.

Other items include receipts and other documents related to Horner’s practice, as well as newspaper clippings related to Gettysburg and the Civil War in general, ca 1870s-1890s.

Dr. Henry Janes (1832-1915) was the regimental surgeon of the 3rd Vermont Infantry from its formation in June 1861 through the battle of Antietam. He was detailed to run two hospitals caring for the Antietam wounded, then was appointed divisional medical officer of 2nd Division, VI Corps at Fredericksburg. After the battle, he went under flag of truce across enemy lines to treat and repatriate wounded Union soldiers.

Janes traveled with VI Corps to the battle of Gettysburg where he treated soldiers of both armies at the sprawling hospital complex that had been formed there, named Camp Letterman for Medical Director of the Army of the Potomac Jonathan Letterman. When the Army began its pursuit of Lee into Virginia, Letterman put Janes in charge.

Janes, who like Letterman, constantly strived to improve the Army medical service, worked on procedures for treating the nearly always fatal gunshot fractures of the thigh besides amputation, saving the limbs of hundreds of soldiers. Dr Janes served throughout the war, advancing the science of treating major gunshot wounds. $500 - $700

107 Dorothea Dix and the Hospital at Gettysburg, Two ALsS, Plus Dorthea Dix (1802-1887), lifelong advocate of the poor and mentally and physically disabled, served as Superintendent of Army Nurses during the Civil War. Lot of 2 ALsS plus related photographs and documents.

First is 1.5pp, 5 x 8 in., dated Sept. 23 (1863), addressed to Mrs. Horner (wife of Dr. Robert Horner, of Gettysburg, see previous lot), asking when the General Hospital (aka Camp Letterman) will be closed due to cold weather, sending regards to Dr. Horner, and discussing travel documents and the need for passage to Washington.

Second ALS is 1p, 7.25 x 9.25 in., dated at Washington, Sept. 30, 1863, one week after the previous letter, answering Mrs. Horner’s inquiry about how her husband should go about securing a more permanent contract as a surgeon with the US Army, and asks Mrs. Horner to look in on Camp Letterman and “Let me know what is amiss.” She also asks, “What of the Rebels? Is the mortality great?” Also included are six ca 1880s photographs of Dr. Horner and his wife Mary, plus a Adams County, PA, certificate regarding Mary Horner’s will.

In 1861, Secretary of War Simon Cameron named Dorothea to superintend the women nurses assigned to the US Army. Dix (without pay) organized an Army Nursing Corps with over 3,000 nurses. As evidenced in these leters her rented home in Washington DC was always open to needy nurses and soldiers.

Dix struggled hard to establish women’s role in Civil War medicine, but she was often frustrated by military bureaucracy. Dix alludes to this struggle in her 23 September letter. In anger over the apparent dismissal of a Mrs. Peningham from the Gettysburg General Hospital ( likely one of Dix’s nurse recruits), Dix includes a classic statement in her letter that echoes the same frustration with bureaucracy that she herself battled in Washington. Dix wrote: POOR IS THE SPIRIT OF THEM WHO HAVE THEM MORE POWER THAN HUMANITY AND DISCRETION.

Dix’s exacting standards caused constant friction. Finally in October 1863 [just after Dix wrote these two letters], Secretary of War Edwin Stanton retained her position but stripped her of most authority & responsibility. Dix was heartbroken but still served with magnanimity till after the end of the war. For the rest of her life, she always deemphasized her Civil War service and accomplishment.

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | New Hampshire 108 Albert H.C. Jewett, 4th New Hampshire Infantry, Archive Including Photographs, Documents, & Family Correspondence An archive of 50+ items regarding Albert Henry Clay Jewett and his family, ca 1861-turn of the 20th century. The collection is comprised of the following: 18 photographs, including 2 Civil War-period tintypes, half plate and quarter plate, featuring Jewett in uniform, a 4 x 5.5 in. copy print of Jewett after a war-date portrait, and 3 photographs of Jewett later in life, plus various family photographs; approx.

30 letters and documents, including Jewett’s commissions for promotion to second lieutenant and first lieutenant with the New Hampshire 4th Infantry, post-Civil War correspondence between Jewett and his daughter, Grace Jewett Austin, a letter from the New Hampshire Adjutant General on the revolutionary service of his grandfathers, Samuel Jewett and Benjamin Glines, and several other “official” documents regarding his personal affairs, death and estate; and 2 copies of Jewett’s book A Boy Goes To War, written in 1898 and published by his daughter Grace in 1944 (one copy signed by Grace).

A. Henry Jewett was born on December 22, 1841, at Laconia, NH, into a prominent New England family. At the age of 19, he enlisted in the New Hampshire 4th Infantry as a sergeant for three years of service. He was mustered in September 18, 1861, to “D” Company. During the war, he was promoted to 2nd lieutenant on November 5, 1862, and to 1st lieutenant on March 14, 1863. Just before the end of his enlistment term, he suffered heat stroke during the Battle of Deep Bottom in the Petersburg Campaign.

He was mustered out of service September 26, 1864, after being discharged from the military hospital. He returned to New Hampshire, finished his education, and married Marietta Merrill in June of 1868.

Dr. Jewett practiced dentistry in Laconia until the family moved to Washington, DC. There he worked for the Pension Department at the Department of the Interior. The Jewetts had two children, Grace and Henry. He died December 14, 1898 in Washington, DC, at the early age of 56.

The New Hampshire 4th infantry was organized in Manchester, and mustered in for a three-year enlistment, September 18, 1861. Before mustering out on August 23, 1865, the 4th New Hampshire saw duty in South Carolina and Florida throughout much of the War but moved on to Bermuda Hundred, Cold Harbor, and Petersburg in 1864. The regiment lost a total of 234 men during service.

In his book, Jewett writes of his last action at Deep Bottom:…a soldier came running up to me [and said] “Do you see those men marching past our flank? Well those are rebels”…I at once went to Brig. Gen D.B. Birney …and advised him of the fact. “Never mind” he replied, “Forward” and away we went to the front. Soon we were met with scorching fire not only from our front but an “enfilading” fire…When Lieutenant Col. Parker saw this he gave orders for a change of front at the same time being seriously wounded in the neck. I became practically unconscious and only learned

later [that]…my case was diagnosed as a partial “sunstroke”…the next day I woke to find myself lying on the ground covered with blankets, the rain falling on my gently face. A few feet distant I recognized the remains of Lieutenant Colonel Henderson…and I think Lieutenant Colonel Plimpton…Both these men were very fine and accomplished officers and the State of New Hampshire lost many other gallant officers and men in this unfortunate affair.

Of Grant, Jewett writes in the published book; I observed his appearance on several occasions and especially noted the lack of pretension in his bearing…He was about forty years of age at this time and rather thin in flesh having a settled look of seriousness on his face and evidently feeling the great responsibility resting upon him. Of General Meade, he writes, …[He] had the appearance of a wearied and broken old man, not in good health. He was gray and stoop shouldered and as events proved was not to live long after the close of the terrible struggle.

The archive also contains several photos, documents, and letters between Grace, her husband Frank (Austin) and the Jewett family.

Grace was a successful newspaper society section writer/editor for the newspapers in Bloomington, IL. Her column was syndicated by the Western Newspaper Union and distributed in several hundred small town newspapers throughout the country. She was known as “Dame Fashion.” Austin served as society page editor until her semi-retirement in 1940.

The archive provides a useful insight into the lives of two interesting citizens of different generations from the Granite State. $1,500 - $2,500

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109 George S. Youngs, 126th New York Volunteers, POW Harper’s Ferry, Civil War Archive Lot of over 250 Civil War-era letters to and from George S. Youngs and his mother, brother, and sister (approx. 135 are from Youngs to his family); 4 Civil War CDVs, incl. unmarked view of Gouverneur K. Warren as brig. general, Fredricks & Co. view of captain, unmarked carte of 2nd lieutenant, and unmarked carte of a young sergeant; and several religious tracts and newspaper clippings. Ca September 1862 to the end of the war.

George S. Youngs was born in 1843 to James and Effie Youngs at Waterloo, Seneca County, NY. He enlisted for three years at Waterloo on August 15, 1862, as a private and was mustered into G Company of the New York 126th Infantry on August 22 of that same year. At the time of his enlistment, he was a 19-year-old carpenter living at home.

Youngs was taken prisoner at the Battle of Harper’s Ferry, September 15, 1862, but was paroled on the following day as Stonewall Jackson withdrew to rejoin Lee at Antietam/Sharpsburg.

Youngs served with the 126th Infantry throughout the war and saw action in many of the most prominent battles of the war. He was promoted to corporal in February of 1865 and was mustered out on June 3, 1865, at Alexandria, VA. Youngs survived the war and returned to Waterloo where he resumed his work as a carpenter. He later married and he and his wife Hattie lived to the end of their lives in the vicinity of Cleveland, OH. He lived to be 79 and was finally laid to rest in Maple Grove Cemetery in Waterloo after his death in 1922.

On July 15, 1862, Colonel Eliakim Sherrill received authority to raise a regiment in Ontario, Seneca Hand and Yates counties in upstate New York. The NY 126th Infantry was organized at Geneva, and mustered into service of the Union for three years, August 22, 1862.

The regiment left New York on August 26, 1862, and took part in its first fighting during the siege of Harper’s Ferry. It received the brunt of the enemy attack and suffered a large share of the casualties. The men of the 126th were part of the 12,400 prisoners of war surrendered on September 15. The men were immediately paroled and spent three months at Camp Douglas in Chicago, IL, awaiting notice of exchange.

As soon as notice was received in December, the unit returned to Union Mills, VA. The regiment went on to take part in Gettysburg, Auburn Ford, Bristoe Station, Wilderness, Po River, Spotsylvania, North 72

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Anna, Totopotomy, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Weldon Railroad, siege of Petersburg, Deep Bottom, Hatcher’s Run, Boydton Road, Farmville and Appomattox. The regiment was mustered out at Alexandria, VA, June 3, 1865. At Gettysburg, the 126th lost over 15 percent of its men and the total casualties were 57 percent for the war.

The NY 126th was a critical part of the battle of Gettysburg. Situated between the Copse of Trees and Ziegler’s Grove on Cemetery Ridge, they were a significant element in repelling Pickett’s Charge, fending off Trimble and Pettigrew’s forces. Colonel Sherrill was killed in this battle. Today a monument stands in their honor at the site of the battle.

Although the archive does not include letters regarding Youngs’ participation at Gettysburg, it does feature several fine accounts of his experiences at The Wilderness and Spotsylvania. While this may not be a complete history of Youngs’ Civil War service, it contains many insights into the lives and events of foot soldiers caught up in the terrible conflict.

Young’s journey begins with a letter to his sister Louisa upon his arrival at Harper’s Ferry, August 29, 1862; We have arrived here safely...but …we are right amongst the Rebels…camped on the same ground from which Banks was driven by Stonewall Jackson…Last night we saw a flashing over in the valley south of us which the boys who had seen service said was cannon… in less than two weeks he would become very well acquainted with both Stonewall Jackson and cannon fire.

On September 30, 1862, he is writing to his sister about the battle at Harper’s Ferry; …the shells were flying over our heads so close that we would instinctively lay our heads close to the ground. They sang an uglier tune than the bullets did the day before….The reb’s planting several other batteries the night and in the morning they opened fire on us from every direction. In Co. B…there were seven men killed with one shell and that without bursting…It drove one man’s canteen right through his body and took the top of another man’s head off and killed two more instantly…About nine o’clock General White surrendered to Jackson…

The Rebels treated us like men in every way. Indeed the boys generously acknowledged that we received much better treatment at their hands than they would have received at ours….I exchanged canteens with a member of the first South Carolina Rifles. He also cut a palmetto button off his coat for me.

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | New York Camped in Virginia in January 1863, he writes to his sister about the persistent threat of disease- a peril that at least equaled battle: There were two men shot on picket night before last. One was killed the other was wounded through the calf of the leg. Such occurrences that do not excite the comments of the men one fourth as much as death from disease which has become a daily or nightly occurrence. Last week 11 men died from our regiment…

Again camped in Virginia in August 1863, we get an insight into the erosion of the Southern way of life and economy. Youngs talks about the unit getting milk from a plantation owner named Mr. Spilger: He has 200 acres of land and has been raising large crops of wheat and corn but I am afraid he will not raise more than enough for his own use. He has not the [slaves] to do even that now. The last he had, nine in number, left him night before last. The old man was nearly crazy the next morning… wishing that he had sent the [slaves] down south or put a ball through “that Simon” whom he blamed for the whole of it.

In May 1864, Youngs writes a 22pp account of two weeks of battle at The Wilderness and Spotsylvania Courthouse to his sister Louisa: May 5th—Got up and got breakfast at four o’clock...we are moving in what seems to be an almost impenetrable Wilderness…Gregg and Stuarts Cavalry have had a pretty sharp fight and skedaddlers report that Gregg has been driven badly…Shortly after we got here a heavy musketry fire commenced and quickly grew into one awful and continuous roar…the wounded are coming to the rear in great numbers. The fight continued with unabated fury ‘til after dark. General Hays is reported killed. May 6th—Soon after daylight the fight opened again and soon grew as heavy as it was last night…James Holenbeck was brought in on a stretcher pretty badly wounded. The ball entered his side and passed nearly through the opposite side…I had some interesting conversation with some of [the Rebel prisoners]. One of them says that Gen. Longstreet is wounded…

Another prisoner…openly avows that he came [across] intentionally. He was conscripted and taken from Fredricksburg where he left a wife and children only a week ago…The woods have been on fire on all sides of us today and a great many of the wounded have probably been burned to death. —The Rebs threw a few shells over this way …General Hancock rode up and ordered Major Bull to support Arnold’s Battery…we seem

to be moving on a road parallel with the enemy and are fighting with them every day. May 9th—Generals Grant and Meade passed here in company about ten o’clock…the troops are all moving to the left again in the direction of Spotsylvania Courthouse…May 10th – Evening. A most desperate fight has been in progress since noon. Our Forces have been driven back some on the right. Several charges have been made on both sides and the loss must be very heavy. May 12th – [Arose] at one o’clock …the boys say that the Rebels threw two or three shells pretty close to us. They failed to wake me…we moved off at about two…[and] halted just at day light …immediately charged the Rebel works capturing over two thousand men, one major General (Johnson) and two Brigadiers…afterward the road was lined with the wounded, a good many of them dying …The hardest fighting of the whole eight days has been done today. The cannonading has been very heavy and constant. The slaughter has been terrible. May 14th —The burial parties have been sent out on the field to bury the dead.

Persons who have been out there say that it is the most horrible sight they ever witnessed and they were at Gettysburg. May 16th—Went up by the Amputating table of the 8th Corps Hospital this morning. Legs and arms lay around as casually as chips around a carpenter’s bench.

May 18th —Another grand charge has been made by our forces this morning and from all accounts of the wounded, our loss has been fearful…. The men were literally mown down by grape and canister.

May 20th—All quiet today. The weather has been very fine and warm…The attack on our flank last night was made by two divisions of Ewell’s corps…but they were repulsed…Thank God I am still alive and in excellent health and hoping this may find you the same. $4,000 - $6,000 110 No Lot

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111 Pvt. James Wilson, 30th Ohio Infantry, DOD, Civil War Archive Lot of 10 letters written by James Wilson, Company G, 30th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, to his uncle and aunt from a variety of camps and hospitals, in which he explains his condition to his family in Steubenville, Jefferson County, OH, ca 1862-1863. The convalescing soldier’s correspondence reveals insight into a private’s thoughts about the war and his general officers in particular.

From the General Hospital in Ohio, J. C. Jackson writes to Wilson’s uncle…I think his days are about numbered if you want to see him before life departs I would say come quickly.....his medicine is brandy two table spoons full every half hour.

From the Post Hospital near Alexandria, VA, Wilson writes to his aunt, sharing that a rebel prisoner in Washington stated that they’re on their last legs . . . . he is sick of it and says if he was home he would die before he would enter the service again . . . Wilson tells his aunt I have never regretted volunteering but I think I done right. I owed it as a duty to my country. My home is of no use to me if the union arms do not triumph. He states that he believes that the war will be over in six months.

Again from the Alexandria Post Hospital, Wilson writes to his aunt, they are trying to put McClellan out of his position again. If they do they will have to put his army out with him . . . I heard his soldiers say they would not serve under any other general if McClellan was suspended by old grisly Fremont we want to serve under our brave Little Mac and no other for he is the best general.

From Camp Cannelton on the Kanawa River in western Virginia, Wilson writes his aunt, the steam boats come within 12 miles of here now and when the river raises they come above this place we are going into winter quarters and commenced to level of the ground for the houses today we will have very good quarters to winter in. I have an appetite like a horse . . . I am never bothered with any cough . . . He states that if we stay here . . . I want you to send a good lot of cigars and a lot of smoking tobacco.

The private states The war is virtually at an end in western Virginia . . . . I need not make mention of our trials on the march they were hard enough God knows but I have stood this all and can stand more. I don’t think this war will ever be settled . . . by fighting but by compromise and the new Congress will settle it it cannot last long for the soldiers want it settled the worst kind of a way they have had their fill of soldiering....

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From Camp Ruth Udell on the Kanawa River, Wilson writes his aunt, I have a slight attack of the fever . . . Sunday morning about two o-clock I was cold and all shaking I went to the fire and could not warm myself.

Referring to Colonel Ewing . . . I did not like him at first but the more I see of him the better I like him he is a very stern man but he will do a man justice.

In a letter to his cousin, Wilson’s health is deteriorating…I am not very well I have a stiff neck and a very bad cold. He writes of the CSA forces . . . no armed rebel force within over 100 miles . . . but a weak small insignificant force out at Princeton and they have to rob for their support also they are ragged and barefooted. Wilson was sad at the removal of McClellan. He writes concerning Burnside . . . he is beloved more than McClellan. An example is related of Burnside’s respect for privates. If he is talking to a private and an officer comes up the general will not allow the officer to interrupt the conversation…Such a man is General Burnside beloved by all his troops and has the confidence of the country he cannot fail to be successful . . . In December of 1862, Wilson writes that he believes the war will be over by the 1st of May. In a letter from Hospital No. 12, Louisville, KY, in January of 1863, Wilson informs his aunt, I have had my side blistered it was very severe but it has helped me. He also writes Our brigade left today for Nashville or Vicksburg . . . . they went down the river on boats. There are about 300 men in it [ Hospital No. 12 ] mostly the wounded from prriesville [Perrysville ] fight. Some of them have lain on their backs for three months and never been out of bed. You must excuse this bad writing as I am so weak that I almost hate to take hold of a pen anymore.

Wilson’s last 2 letters originate from the General Hospital, Gallipolis, OH. In general, he tells his aunt that recently he has felt worse and did not sleep for three nights because of a severe cough. He requests that he be sent biscuits, pies and a couple or three cans of peaches. He requests more letters and news from home. A letter to his brother says I am a little better than I was . . . . . I would like to attend one of uncle Jimmy’s prayer meetings once more just for a change. The weather has been so bad that I could not get down to town.

The thoughts and feelings of a volunteer Private in the 30th Ohio are accurately detailed in his correspondence. A continuously positive attitude, love of his family, and belief in the Union cause allows Wilson to endure his dire medical predicament. $700 - $1,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Indiana 112 Lt. John Scully, 35th Indiana, 1st Irish Inf., & 151st Indiana Inf., Civil War & Post-War Archive Lot of 23 items pertaining to John Scully, 1863-1947.

An Irish Catholic immigrant, John Scully was an officer in the 35th Indiana Infantry during the Civil War, who distinguished himself at the Battle of Stones River, where his regiment bore the brunt of a Confederate wave without breaking. This archive includes a selection of documents and letters relating to Scully’s Civil War service, including Col. Bernard F. Mullen’s Battle Report, perhaps the original from Stones River, which was printed in slightly edited form in the Official Records of the Rebellion.

In his report, Mullen describes ordering his men to lie quietly as a massive Confederate force advanced, regiment by regiment...I considered it best to let them advance to within 30 or 40 paces of my line, as I believed, they had no knowledge of my position, before I opened my fire...

When their right flank was immediately opposite my line, I gave the order to rise and fire. With a deafening cheer the order was gallantly obeyed. A plunging volley staggered the advancing columns and before the enemy could recover his surprise my regiment had reloaded and commenced a well aimed and telling fire. The flash and rattle of my musketry gave information to the battery in my front, which opened furiously upon me. The close proximity of the belligerent lines obliged the gunners to throw their shells to my rear and solid shot to my extreme left...This accounts for the left wing suffering so much more than the right. Mullen called upon the 99th Ohio to come forward to assist, but they refused and left the field, leaving Mullen reluctantly to withdraw. Mullen singled out Scully for particular distinction, His escape was a miracle, freely exposing himself, and cheering the men throughout the action to deeds of valor. The second half of this document provides a detailed list of officers and casualties at Stones River.

The archive also includes a petition from the officers of the 35th Indiana Infantry Regiment on behalf of Lt. Scully, whose resignation had recently been accepted by Col. Mullen...As an officer none than he amongst us was more warmly loved and esteemed, capable, faithful and uncompromising in the discharge of his duties. Those of us who witnessed his gallant bearing on the field of carnage at the terribly contested battle of Stones River (his companions in arms) can never forget him...the officers recommend that Col. Mullen use his influence to have Scully recommissioned.

The lot also includes a commission issued to John Scully by the State of Indiana, appointing him second lieutenant in the 151st Indiana Regiment on March 3, 1865, signed by Governor Oliver P. Morton, 14 x 17 in.

Not long after Scully was commissioned into Co. K of the 151st Indiana, he was promoted to first lieutenant on March 25, but within less than 4 months, he died on July 23, 1865. A letter of sympathy, dated July 28, from “G.A. Moss,” surgeon of the the 151st Indiana, to Scully’s wife, written from the regiment’s medical department in Nashville, TN, accompanies the archive.

Additional items include several post-war letters and documents pertaining to Scully’s pension, land indentures, Scully’s 1856 marriage license, acquired in Ohio, and 2 sixth plate ambrotypes housed in the same case of a woman and 3 children, accompanied by a typed paper label that identifies the subjects as Scully’s wife and children. $1,000 - $1,500

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Minnesota

113 Minnesota Soldiers’ Civil War Correspondence with Nellie Florida, Including Letter Criticizing the Colt Revolving Rifle Lot of approx. 20 letters, some incomplete.

Joel Florida and George Ames traveled from Maine to Illinois by covered wagon. They married sisters, Lucinda and Sarah Woodard.

Lucinda had two children, Ellen (Nellie) and George. After Lucinda died, Joel married her sister, Catherine, who had three children. In response to a campaign begun in St. Paul, the two men decided to move to Minnesota build a water-powered mill. They moved first to Minneapolis, then struck out to “wilder” lands. As the Woodard-FloridaAmes families struck out, traveling up the Mississippi River, they met Vermont native Guilford George.

The trio arrived at a small settlement on the Crow River in October 1855, then known as Greenwood, moving a bit downriver purchasing a claim from William Frazer and making nearby claims. Since winter was setting in, they returned to the city to gather settlers, leaving George to guard the claim. The following spring the settlers encountered a crew cutting a road from Minneapolis to Greenwood.

They gave the road crew a hand, and, in return, the road ended at the new town, not quite making it to Greenwood. The new area (after some quarreling and negotiations) was named Rockford.

The area was thickly forested and there were “Indian troubles.” In 1862 the Dakota War erupted. It is estimated that at least 800 settlers were killed and uncounted property damaged. At the same time, of course, the Civil War was raging to the south and east. It was difficult to come up with both Lincoln’s quota and enough men to guard the settlers, who built forts around many buildings, including the Ames-Florida mill. The settlers petitioned Washington to send troops to fight the Indians. Some troops spent their first year of enlistment fighting Indians, then went on to fight “rebels.”

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It was in this environment that Joel Florida’s children grew up. His first child, Nellie, began communicating with many of the young men. This lot consists of approx. 20 letters (a couple are incomplete) to Nellie from soldiers, friends and family members.

The first letter is from “Cousin Frank,” dated Nov. 30, 1861 from Camp Jenkins, KY. Frank begins “I must drop you a few lines - per agreement.”

An agreement she seems to have made with most of the young men.

He goes on to let her know that the 2nd MN Regt. is 30 miles south of them but the 1st Minnesota is not there.

Another of the earliest letters is from James Stacy, who is writing from Franklin, Wright Co., MN. His letter is primarily asking permission to begin corresponding with her. He does mention that he has heard that her father was going to move back to Illinois, making it too far for him to come see her. Many residents did move, many to the cities such as Minneapolis and St. Paul, but others went more distant, as “Indian troubles,” or, more often, rumors of Indian troubles, erupted.

There are several letters from David W. Jones, who served in F&S in Washington, one from L.F. Patch (Co. B, 2nd Cav., Fort Ripley), a couple from F. McJenks (Co. A. 3rd MN Infy, Pine Bluff, AR), a whole and a partial letter from Curtis B. Ames (Co. A, 3rd MN Infy), plus friends Lizzie and Mary, her father, brother Jeb, uncle and cousins. The correspondents are spread out from Gainsville, NY to Washington, DC to Louisville, KY to Pine Bluff, AR. The one letter that stands out is from “Jack.” On patriotic stationery with a panoramic view of Washington, DC fortifications and map of Virginia between Washington and Manassas Junction, he writes from “Camp Instruction, Washington DC,” giving the soldiers’ view of the Colt Revolving Rifle:

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Minnesota I feel that the day is near at hand when we shal meet the enimy on the field of battle. We have not got our guns yet, but we have some things that some have the impudence to call guns. They were forced onto us against our will.

They are Colt revolving Rifles and they are the most inferior thing in the shape of a shooting Iron I ever saw.

We resisted them as long as there was any hopes. The Officers threatened soot the first who dare to refuse them one Company was called up before ours and they all accepted them. our Company was called up next. I believed that the officers had no authority to make such threats and believing that public opinion was in our favor and knowing that nearly every man in the Company was determined to stand by me I resolved to resist them still my name being the second on the Company role it fell on me to be the first man to refuse them. our first sergeant took one. I was arrested on the spot and put in Irons and placed under guard with the most severe threats, namely that I should be shot on the parade ground as a traitor. Colonel Post said he would make an example of me for those who dared to disobey his legal orders. Twelve or fifteen of our men took the guns the remainder declaired they would stand by me to the last. Company D, the Maine boys, stood out to a man, their first Sergeant was Ironed and placed in confinement with me under similar threats. the remainder of the Regiment consented and took them, the boys who had stood out finaly consented to take the guns providing they would reliece the two prisoners. to this the officers consented and the guns were accepted. But some way or other the news got to McLellan who sent one of his aids up here to our reliece, but he seemed much surprised to find no prisoners in the guard house for refusing the guns.

He said it was not McLellans intention to force the men. the officers tried to smooth the matter over but this did not do. he made farther inquiries and told the whole story by a private of Co. D. He then gave us all the assurance we wanted we should have Sharps Rifles within the space of four weeks. The time has expired and Sharps guns have not yet arrived but we are in hopes of geting them.

Last week we received orders to march on Saterday morning with these guns but a petition reached head quarters in time to over-throw the design of the officers which was to take us into active service with these guns. And you may bet they were mad when the orders was counter-manded. They lay all the blame on Co. A and call us cowards, but we have all of the city of Washington on our side.... yesterday the City was crowded with soldiers passing over the river to the field of action. our boys express their wish to be moveing if they could exchange these guns for muskets.�

The war seen from the view of the northern frontier and its fearless inhabitants. $1,500 - $2,500

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THE CIVIL WAR | Maps

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THE CIVIL WAR | Maps

114 Map of the Battle of Chancellorsville Showing Where Stonewall Jackson was Killed, Hand-Drawn by his Aide-de-Camp Ink on oilcloth, roughly 6.75 x 10.5 in., inscribed at lower right Map of J.G. Morrison, Aide & brother-in-law of Jackson.

The map is oriented with the left edge as north and shows the Rappahannock River and local roads and buildings, with the Federal line of battle as first formed, the route of Jackson’s march, where he spent the night and planned his flanking maneuver, the position of Gen. James Henry Lane’s brigade, and the position of Jackson’s second line. According to the map, Jackson was heading down the plank road toward Lane’s brigade when fired upon, left the plank road and was wounded in the thicket just northwest of the point where he left the plank road. From there he was taken to the Van Wert House then west down the plank road to a field hospital to the northwest of the fork in the road. Morrison also notes the cavalry pickets on the line from which Jackson was fired upon, which he identifies as the 28th North Carolina directly in front of the spot where Jackson was wounded and the 37th or 38th North Carolina a little farther north. Some sources identify the pickets as 18th NC or dodge the issue of identification completely. This map is by one who was there.

Lieut. General Thomas Jonathan Jackson took two bullets in his left arm and one in his right hand. He had to be left on the field because of artillery shelling. His left arm was amputated at the field hospital, then he was moved to Thomas Chandler’s plantation near Richmond, but pneumonia had already set in. He died eight days later, on May 10, 1863. Robert E. Lee has been quoted as saying that Jackson may have lost his left arm, but Lee lost his right arm. $12,000 - $15,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Maps

115

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THE CIVIL WAR | Maps 115 Scarce Gettysburg Battlefield Map, T. Ditterline, 1863 Ditterline, T. Sketch of the Battles of Gettysburg, July 1st, 2nd, and 3d, 1863‌Accompanied by an Explanatory Map. New York: C.A. Alvord, 1863. 12mo, in paper wraps with gilt title on cover, 24 numbered pp.

Folding map, completely separated from book, 17 x 20.5 in. Battlefield depicted in oval: Field of Gettysburg, July 1st, 2nd & 3rd, 1863. Prepared by T. Ditterline. Ex-library book, including catalog number written on front cover, stamps on back of front and back wrappers and title page, and card pocket on back wrapper.

A scarce map, printed within a year after the battle, and almost certainly the first published map of the historic confrontation,

which most scholars believe was the beginning of the end of the Confederacy. Even more scarce to find map accompanied by the explanatory booklet.

Little is known of Ditterline, though on the last page of the pamphlet he does indicate his indebtedness to the several correspondents of the press who were present and witnessed the battles, and from whose descriptions of the fight he has freely extracted; as also to the citizens of the town, and particularly D. McCenaughy, Esq., who has kindly furnished him with much valuable information. Not in Broadfoot. $2,000 - $4,000

116 Mountain Region of North Carolina and Tennessee, Civil War Field Map of Maj. G.P. Thruston, 1st Ohio Infantry Field map mounted on linen, with printed text lower right acknowledging several contributors including Prof. Arnold Guyot, who supplied a map of the mountains and interior valleys of western North Carolina that he created as a result of explorations in the region between 1856-1860. Produced by the US Coast Survey, A.D. Bache, Supt. Approx. 21 x 38.5 in. When folded, the map is protected between two marbled boards, the top board featuring applied paper label, Mountain Region of North Carolina and Tennessee. Inside cover of map identified to Major G.P. Thruston.

Gates Phillips Thruston (1835-1912) was a Dayton lawyer who was commissioned captain of Co. C, 1st Ohio Volunteer Infantry, August 24, 1861. He was promoted to major and AAG on Sept. 4, 1863, to lt. col. and AAG June 16, 1864, and awarded brevets to col. and brig. gen. in March 1865 for gallant service at Stone River and Chickamauga. This map dates from his duty with Gen. Rosecrans’ staff in the Army of the Cumberland. $800 - $1,000

Details

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THE CIVIL WAR | Maps 117 Rare Civil War Octagonal Map of Chesapeake Bay & Virginia, Attributed to Charles Magnus Rare Civil War octagonal map centered on Richmond, VA, and extending, south into North Carolina, west to Lynchburg, VA, north to Washington, DC, and east to the Delmarva Peninsula, with the Chesapeake Bay handcolored blue. The border includes likenesses of 32 Union generals and admirals. The map lacks a title and publisher’s information, but it is somewhat similar to maps published

by Charles Magnus in the early 1860s titled “One Hundred & Fifty Miles Around Richmond,” and has been attributed to Magnus elsewhere. The ranks of the generals, such as Ulysses S. Grant as lieutenant general, date the map to no earlier than March 1864. 18.5 x 18.5 in., framed, 20 x 20 in. $1,000 - $2,000

118 Charles Magnus, Union Military Chart Composition map mounted on linen, featuring bold red and blue title, Union Military Chart, 23.25 x 27 in. overall, comprised of the following smaller maps: at center, the Complete Map of the Rail Roads and Water Courses, in the United States & Canada (14 x 19 in.), which uses red overprinting to highlight Railroads in Operation, Railroads in Progress, Railroads Projected, Steamboat Routes, and Telegraph lines, with multicolored vignettes along each side depicting 16 soldiers demonstrating the different positions from Hardee’s Tactics; lower panel includes four inset maps titled Map of Northern Military Movements: Between New York & St. Louis, chart of the naval base and Fort Pickens at Pensacola with ships and defenses noted, Military Map of Maryland & Virginia, and a map of the US, showing the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico. The lower portion is also illustrated with Lady Justice and Lady Liberty, as well as an engraved view of the Capital Building in Washington. Published by Charles Magnus & Co., New York, 1861. $600 - $800

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THE CIVIL WAR | Broadsides 119 Civil War Broadside, To the Young Men of Nelson, Kentucky, 1861 Printed broadside, 11.25 x 17.5 in., the top half taken up entirely by the bold heading, TO THE YOUNG MEN! OF NELSON!, the bottom half an appeal by Capt. Joseph G. Wilson, dated at Bardstown, Oct. 8, 1861, for the men of Nelson County, KY, to join him in forming a regiment for service in the Union Army.

The organizer proclaims: Your State has been invaded by a ruthless foe; your Country attacked by traitorous hands, and both appeal to you. Your country appeals to you to aid in her salvation. Your State appeals to you to save her FROM SUBJUGATION; FROM “BLOOD AND CONQUEST.” Will you not rally under the banner of your Country? It has been your protection; in its hour of peril will you not protect it? I will not brook the though for a moment that you will not. It were a base slander upon you to say so. $800 - $1,200

120 Civil War Illustrated Broadside, Barnes’ Rifle Battery, Rochester, New York, 1862 Printed broadside on yellow paper, 21.25 x 27.75 in., with the bold heading Barnes’ Rifle Battery!, featuring a woodcut of an unusual artillery piece comprised of 24 rifle barrels. The organizing officer of the battery is listed as Capt. J.W. Barnes, and the appeal dated Oct. 14, 1862, at Rochester, New York. Capt.

Barnes states that the new company of light artillery is being raised under the express authority of New York Gov. Edwin D. Morgan and will be outfitted with “the most effective Engine of Destruction ever invented,” a full battery of ten being capable of firing up to 3,000 rounds per minute a distance of 2,500 yards with the accuracy of the most advanced rifles. Also, recruits will not be forced to carry their own knapsacks and will be exempt from picket duty.

This unit would become the 26th New York Independent Battery of Light Artillery, which was mustered into service at New Orleans on February 25, 1863, and served in Louisiana for the remainder of the war.

The weapon featured on the broadside is the BillinghurstRequa volley gun as designed Josephus Requa (1833-1910), a Rochester dentist and former apprentice of Rochester gunsmith William Billinghurst (. Though the Gatling gun would prove to be a superior rapid-fire weapon, the Billinghurst-Requa gun was patented more than two years earlier (Sept. 16, 1862), and has been referred to as the first practical machine gun used in the Civil War. The framed broadside is accompanied by a comprehensive history on the gun, titled Dr. Josephus Requa, Civil War Dentist, and the Billinghusrst-Requa Volley Gun (Hyson, Jr., and DeFrancisco, 1998). $800 - $1,200

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THE CIVIL WAR | Relics 121 Confederate Ram, CSS Virginia, Full-Sized Horseshoe Relic Rare, full-sized iron horseshoe, approx. 6 in. ht, made from the armor plate of the Confederate Ram CSS Virginia, commonly known as the Merrimac. The horseshoe is framed and mounted under glass, 11.5 x 13.5 in. overall, and is displayed atop a printed document from the Old Dominion Iron and Nail Works Co., Richmond, VA, attesting to the history behind the relic, which “was made at our Works on Belle Isle... and is embossed on reverse side ‘Merrimac, 1862, O.D.I. & N. Co., 1895.’”

The document is signed by the president of the company, which also recovered the wreck of the CSS Virginia. While we have seen smaller horseshoe relics from the CSS Virginia, we have never encountered a full-sized example such as this. $2,500 - $3,500

122 Civil War, Antietam Temporary Burial Markings, Identified to Soldiers from Co. B, 10th Virginia Infantry Lot of 3, including the temporary wooden headboard, approx. 17 x 60 in., marked Co. B, 10th VA Inf., Capt. W. Saunders, Serg’t. T. Bagby, Pvt. Marshall, Pvt. Pumer (?), Pvt. Taylor, Pvt. Beazley, and 6 unknown. This would amount to 12 in a common grave. A Minie ball is lodged in the large, thick board, possibly from a barn considering the thickness of the wood. Accompanied by the side of the craft that transported the remains to the Confederate Cemetery in Hagerstown, MD, approx. 10 x 72 in., which is marked Rosehill Cemetery Hagerstown, Maryland and CS unknown, 38 Bones, 19 Bones. The red, white, and blue cloth banner that covered the coffin to final burial is also included. The banner’s center white stripe is marked CS unknown Antietam Battlefield, and it measures approx. 21.5 x 105 in.

The 10th Virginia Volunteer Infantry, which was assembled at Harper’s Ferry in the spring of 1861, fought mostly with the Army of Northern Virginia. During the war it was attached to Elzey’s, Taliaferro’s, Fulkerson’s, Colston’s, Steuart’s, and W. Terry’s Brigade. After fighting at First Manassas and McDowell, it was active in Jackson’s Valley Campaign. The 10th participated in the campaigns of the Army of Northern Virginia from the Seven Days’ Battles to Cold Harbor, except when it was on detached duty during the Battle of Antietam. It also participated at Gettysburg.

Although the 10th started with 1,475 men, it was decimated by battle injuries and disease, and when the war ended, only about 45 men from the 10th were left. $2,000 - $3,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Relics 123 Gettysburg Dirt and Minie Ball that Killed Lt. Silas Miller, 12th US Infantry Small leather pouch, approx. 4.5 x 6.5 in., containing a corked glass vial of dirt and musket ball, with red crayon inscription on both sides of the pouch: In this pouch is the dirt of Gettysburg and minie ball that killt Silas A. Miller / Silas Miller July 2, 1863 Gettysburg. Silas A. Miller mustered into Co. A, 12th US Infantry, as a private on August 17, 1861.

He was promoted to sergeant and sergeant major on unknown dates, and to second lieutenant on Feb. 19, 1863. He was killed on the second day of Gettysburg and awarded a posthumous brevet to first lieutenant. $1,500 - $2,500

124 Canteen Decorated with Ninth Plate Civil War Tintype of Armed Soldier “Bullseye� canteen by Hadden, Porter and Booth, Philadelphia, decorated with plaster flowers around a ninth plate tintype of an armed soldier. Complete with original leather strap. $1,000 - $1,500

THE CIVIL WAR | Folk Art & Canes 125 Civil War Pipe Carved by a POW at Libby Prison Civil War carved folk art pipe featuring grape vines on each side and the initials AFS inside a wreath on the front. A tag attached to the pipe reads: This pipe carved

by Uncle Alfred F. Spaulding while prisoner in Libby Prison during Civil War. HDS lists only one Alfred F. Spaulding, who served as a corporal and sergeant in Co. C, 15th Vermont Infantry, from September 11, 1862, to Nov. 18, 1862, with no mention of him being taken prisoner.

The pipe is also accompanied by two uniform buttons, which are described on the other side of the tag: The buttons are from a uniform worn by a buddy of mine in [illegible] Boer War 1900-1904, William Almond. $800 - $1,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Folk Art & Canes

126 Civil War Folk Art Cane Made of Wood from the Battle of Seven Pines Pine piece with two branches coiled around, 36 in.

Inscribed near the top: Cut in the center of 7 Pines Battlefield where 15000 Soldiers were Killed May 31st + June 1st 1862. Battle fought by Lee + McClellan / J.E. Lyne, Guide. $800 - $1,200

127 Stones River Battlefield Carved and Inlaid Civil War Folk Art Cane Wooden cane, 35 in., with a carved snake coiled around the shaft and inlaid wood and mother of pearl near the knob. Wood inlay near the snake’s head is inked Made on the Battle of Stone River By [illegible, close to H.H. Fitz or Getz]. $800 - $1,200

Details

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COWAN’S AMERICAN HISTORY

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THE CIVIL WAR | Folk Art & Canes

128 Double Bullet-Struck Lookout Mountain Cane, 1863 Wooden cane, 36.5 in., embedded with two Minie balls less than 2 in. apart, with carved inscription above the strikes Lookout Mt 1863. $1,000 - $1,500

129 Devil’s Den Burnished Civil War Cane Wooden cane, 35.25 in., burnished Devil’s Den and with corps badges of the I, II, II, V, VI, XI, and XII Corps, and other designs. A fine example associated with Devil’s Den, the name given to a ridge strewn with large boulders located south of Gettysburg, PA, and about 500 yards west of Little Round Top. The area around Devil’s Den saw intense fighting during the second day of the Battle of Gettysburg. $600 - $800

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THE CIVIL WAR | Folk Art & Canes

130 Civil War Folk Art Cane by Sgt. James Thompson Wooden cane, 34.5 in., comprised of two-piece construction including burl knob. Crudely inscribed Cut on Suwanne River in Civil War Days 1865 By Sargent James Thompson (sic). $600 - $800

131 Gutta Percha Horse Hoof Cane Thermoplastic horse hoof cane, 35.5 in., inscribed under the hoof AJK. This is a similar style cane held

by John Wilkes Booth in the popular photographs of the actor turned assassin. $500 - $700

Details

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Detail

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THE CIVIL WAR | Folk Art & Canes 132 Presentation Walking Stick Made from Wood of the USS Kearsarge, ID’d to California Cavalry Captain Walking stick, 30.5 in. overall, engraved on the sides of the walrus ivory handle To My Mother / From Her Son Col. R.J. Falls, S.F. Cal. 1872, and on a gold ferrule just below the handle, Made from Wood of the KEARSARGE that Sunk the Alabama. The shaft with a brass band 8 in. from the bottom and a rubber cane tip.

Richard J. Falls was a 42-year-old miner and Mexican War veteran living in Napa County, CA, when he enlisted Sept. 21, 1861, and was commissioned the captain of Co. C, 2nd California Cavalry. He resigned just a month later and worked as a policeman in San Francisco following his service.

The Kearsarge was decommissioned and recommissioned several times after returning from Civil War service, which famously included the sinking of the mighty commerce raider CSS Alabama of Cherbourg, France, June 19, 1864. Each time she was re-outfitted for service her cast-off wood was saved as a relic of the Civil War, and sometimes fashioned into canes and other items. Capt. Falls must have procured this wood while the Kearsarge was being serviced at Mare Island Navy Yard in San Francisco Bay in 1871-1872, following an assignment in the South Pacific and before one to China, Japan, and the Philippines, which included observation of the 1874 transit of Venus. $700 - $1,000

Details

133 Bannerman Bayonet Candelabras Lot of 2, both made of three Civil War-era German import socket bayonets, fashioned by Francis Bannerman and W. Stokes Kirk in the early 1900s. $400 - $600 SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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THE CIVIL WAR | Uniforms & Badges

134 Sixth Corps Civil War Officers’ Shoulder Straps Display Three pairs of shoulder straps, including those of a cavalry second lieutenant, an infantry first lieutenant, and an artillery captain, mounted on wood fashioned in the shape of the VI Corps badge, painted diagonally with the colors of the three divisions, and with a US emblem in gilt paint at center. 12 x 12 in. $800 - $1,200

135 Civil War Corps Badges, 25th Army Corps, 1st and 3rd Brigades of US Colored Troops Lot of 3 Civil War, 25th Army Corps badges, each 1.25 x .25 in. The 25th Army Corps, Department of Virginia, and Department of Texas, was created by General Orders No. 297, Adjutant General’s Office, to consist of the colored troops of the 10th and 18th Army Corps, Dec 3, 1864, until June 1865, and Department of Texas until January 8, 1866. It was discontinued by General Orders No. 2, Adjutant General’s Office, January 8, 1866.

Including the following badges from the 25th Army Corps: 1st Brigade, 1st Division corps badge, silver with a red enamel square insert, with a “T” pinback to be worn on coat or kepi. The 1st, 27th, 22d, 30th, 38th, and 118th Regiments of the US Colored Troops were in the 1st Brigade, 1st Division; 3d Brigade, 1st Division corps badge, red enamel square with three boxes, each box to represent a brigade, with a “T” pinback.

The 5th, 10th, 37th, 107th, 19th, 23d, 43d, 114th, and 28th Regiments of the US Colored Troops were in the 3d Brigade, 1st Division; 3d Brigade, 3d Division corps badge, blue enamel square with three boxes, each box to represent a brigade, with a “T” pinback.

The 19th, 23d, 43d, 5th, 10th, 37th, 107th, and 27th Regiments of the US Colored Troops were in the 3d Brigade, 3d Division.

William Gladstone Collection of Early Photography & African Americana $600 - $800

THE CIVIL WAR | GAR 136 Massachusetts 55th Volunteer Infantry Illustrated Reunion Banner Thin muslin, 19.75 x 26 in., red, white, and blue stenciled banner featuring a large eagle at center grasping the American Flag, with Welcome/ 55 Mass. Vol. Inf. stenciled above. This post- Civil War reunion banner would have not only been created for the three African American regiments from Massachusetts, but also for the African American sailors from the state. Ca 1900-1920.

Formed by Governor John Andrew in May 1863, the Massachusetts 55th Volunteer Infantry was one of the Commonwealth’s African American regiments created as a result of the overflow of recruits for the Massachusetts 54th. While some of the men in the regiment were from Massachusetts, there were also soldiers from Ohio, Pennsylvania, Illinois, and Indiana.

William Gladstone Collection of Early Photography & African Americana $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | GAR

137 24th OVI Soldier’s Memorial and Albumen Photograph Lot of 2, including a fine chromolithograph soldier’s memorial for Jacob Werner, Co. C, 24th Ohio Infantry, and an 8 x 10 in. hand-colored albumen enlargement of Werner posed with his musket. Memorial is copyrighted by M. Jewett, 1890, printed by W.J. morgan & Co., Cleveland, featuring the GAR badge, IV Corps badges and flags, Ohio seal, and more. Both framed.

According to the memorial, Werner entered service June 1, 1861, and mustered out June 22, 1864, both at Columbus. He was severely wounded by a musket ball through the wrist and arm at Stones River, Dec. 31, 1862, and spent time at Army Hospital No. 3 in Nashville, but returned to service to fight in the battles at Chickamauga, Lookout Mountain and Mission Ridge, among others. $600 - $800

138 Personal War Sketches, GAR Commodore Perry Post No. 350, Cleveland, Ohio Folio, 12.75 x 17.25, black leather covers with intricate gilt imprints, 389pp, printed by the Grand Army Publishing Co., Philadelphia, 1890.

This volume contains the “Personal War Sketches” of 52 members of Commodore Perry Post No. 350, GAR Dept. of Ohio, Cleveland, as well as three pages on Commodore Perry. Each sketch includes

name, birth date and place, and mustering dates, and many include much more information, such as engagements participated in, a list of intimate comrades, promotions, injuries, the soldier’s opinion of their most important event of service, and other interesting facts (i.e.

“Complimented in General Orders by General Sprague”), and is signed and dated by the soldier himself. $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | GAR 139 Rare Andersonville Prison Survivor’s Medal in Original Box Multi-part, Civil War prison camp survivor’s medal comprised of top bar decorated with cannon and other weaponry, and the inscription, 1864/ Survivor/ 1914. A medallion, 2 in. dia., is suspended from a silk American flag ribbon, and features an illustration on the obverse commemorating the dedication of the New York Monument at Andersonville, GA, 1914. The reverse features a relief depiction of the prison and the inscription, Presented to.../ by the State of New York/ in Recognition of his Heroism, Sacrifice, and Patriotism. The medal is backed by a second silk ribbon of azure blue. Approx. 5 in. long. Contained in original, silk-lined presentation box.

William Gladstone Collection of Early Photography & African Americana $600 - $800

MORRIS COOPER FOOTE ARCHIVE | The Civil War Morris Cooper Foote Collection Lots 140-152 Cowan’s is pleased to offer an important collection spanning 40 years of material—40 years of the life of the soldier Morris Cooper Foote, great grandson of Lewis Morris—a signer of the Declaration of Independence—and great nephew of novelist James Fenimore Cooper.

When the Civil War began, Foote joined the army at the age of 17 in his home state of New York, where he mustered into the 44th NY Volunteers, a group that came to be known as Ellsworth’s Avengers.

After a promotion to 2nd Lieutenant and a transfer to the 92nd New York Volunteer Infantry, Foote was captured by the Confederate Army at the Battle of Plymouth in 1864 and was sent to Libby Prison.

Eventually, Foote and many other POWs were sent to Charleston, S.C. where both Confederate and Federal forces attempted to use prisoners as human shields to discourage shelling—an incident now known as the “Immortal 600.” As one of the Federal officers placed under the fire of the northern batteries at Charleston, S.C., he was the only one wounded. From Charleston, Foote was transferred to Camp Sorghum in Columbia, South Carolina, where he escaped. He later published the story of his escape and loved to share it with family and friends. In the concluding stages of the war, he served as a staff officer at the surrender of Lee’s army at Appomattox.

After the Civil War, Foote entered the 9th U.S. Infantry on May 1866, and on March 7, 1867, received a promotion to the first lieutenancy.

He served with his regiment in California, Alaska, Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, Wyoming and Nebraska. In Alaska, he commanded one of the two companies that received the territory from Russia in 1867. Foote also served in Native American campaigns and expeditions under Generals Miles and Crook, in Wyoming, New Mexico and Arizona. As part of Foote’s time in Wyoming, he took part in the exploration of The Black Hills a year before the events of Little Big Horn. He also conducted the first census of the Sioux Indians after the 1876 treaty as part of his duties as the commanding officer

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at the Spotted Tail Agency. After the discovery of gold in the Black Hills—an event that caused controversy between miners and Indians and eventually lead to tragedy—Foote attended a meeting of miners who, deciding to leave the area as requested after hearing a resolution from the President of the United States, went on to create Custer City (present day Custer), South Dakota, now considered to be the oldest town established by European Americans in the Black Hills. On January 26, 1883, Foote achieved the rank of captain of the 9th infantry. In September 1886, he witnessed the surrender of the Apache chief Geronimo to General Miles at Skeleton Canyon, Arizona.

Following the end of the Indian Wars, Foote’s regiment participated in the Spanish-American War. Foote commanded a battalion at the battle of San Juan Hill. At the formal surrender of Santiago, the commanding officer General Shafter selected the 9th infantry to receive the surrender of the city and province where Foote commanded a company stationed in the plaza. In August 1898, Foote received promotion to the rank of Major and orders to Boston on recruiting service, being unable to rejoin his regiment at the time due to suffering from Cuban malarial fever.

At the beginning of the twentieth century, the U.S. Army dispatched the 9th Infantry Regiment to China during the Boxer Rebellion and the China Relief Expedition, where Maj. Foote took part in the Battle of Tientsin.

After being appointed a Brigadier General on February 18, 1903, Foote retired the following day. Foote retired to Europe and resided in Geneva for two years. At the Hotel d’Angleterre, after recovering from double pneumonia and double pleurisy he passed away of heart failure on December 6, 1905.

As a soldier and an officer, Morris Cooper Foote experienced first-hand the moments that shaped our history and set the stage for the 20th century. This exceptional collection includes diaries, journals, letters, documents, books, photos, maps, prints, personal belongings, and more pertaining to his professional and personal life.

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140 Lieut. M.C. Foote, 44th New York Volunteers, POW, Civil War Correspondence, Including 1864 Diary with Hand-Drawn Escape Map of Winyah Bay, Plus Lot of 30+ items, including Morris Cooper Foote’s 1864 pocket diary, with 4 x 4.75 in. hand-drawn escape map of Winyah Bay (fully separated from diary); 26 war-date documents and letters; post-Civil War newspaper and postcard illustrating Libby Prison, Richmond, VA; and 2 Civil War-related books previously owned and identified to Foote, the first, Prison Life In The South: At Richmond, Macon, Savannah, Charleston, Columbia, Charlotte, Raleigh, Goldsborough, And Andersonville, During The Years 1864 and 1865, by A.O. Abbott, 1865, the second, Reports of the Committee on the Conduct of the War: Fort Pillow Massacre, Returned Prisoners. House Of Representatives 38th Congress, 1st Session. Report No. 65 and 67, 1864.

New York native, M.C. Foote originally enlisted in the famed Ellsworth Avengers’ regiment, the 44th New York Infantry. While with the 44th NY, he distinguished himself with meritorious service at Malvern Hill (July 1862), earning a promotion to second lieutenant. Shortly after, Foote transferred into the 92nd New York Infantry, and while serving with the 92nd, Foote was appointed aide de camp for his uncle, General Henry Wessells, who commanded the Department of North Carolina from late 1862 to the end of the war.

On April 17, 1864, the 92nd, which had a garrison of about 3000 men, was attacked at Plymouth, NC, by CSA Gen. Robert F. Hoke with approx. 15,000 Confederate troops and the ironclad Albemarle.

Following a defense that lasted 3 days, Gen. Wessells surrendered the town, which resulted in the capture of approx. 1200 Union soldiers, including Foote. It is the battle and capture of Plymouth, NC, that serves as the backdrop for Foote’s 1864 diary offered here.

Between April and November 1864, Foote served in six Confederate prisons, including Libby and Danville Prisons in Virginia; Camp Oglethorpe in Macon, GA; at the City Jail and Roper’s Hospital in Charleston, SC; and finally in Camp Sorghum, SC. On April 26, Foote notes in his diary that he and the other captured men reached Richmond, stating, In the famous Libby at last – find things as bad as represented, living in hopes of an exchange. During his brief time at Libby Prison (12 days), Foote doesn’t mention any escapes, but on May 5, he does make note of hearing about an approaching battle between Grant and Lee, which is likely a reference to Grant’s Overland Campaign. He was transferred to Danville on May 7, and only spent 5 days at the prison that he described as worse than Libby. From May 14-July 28, Foote was at Camp Oglethorpe in Macon, GA, and he found the living conditions much more agreeable at this location.

On July 4, he notes, Several speeches made this morng & patriotic songs sung around a small American flag that was smuggled in prison. The Rebs ordered the performances stopped. He also reports five escapes from the prison camp, including one on June 27, which involved the use of an elaborate tunnel system. Among the war-related news that reached the prison camp, Foote apparently heard of the possible sinking of the

CSS Alabama on July 12, which turned out to be true. On July 19, a positive report was received that Sherman Cavalry are making a raid to Andersonville where our enlisted men are, but a day later, the false and disappointing rumor spread around the prison camp that Grant was dead!

Following his time in Macon, Foote was transferred to Charleston, SC, starting out at City Jail from July 29 – August 14, and moving to Roper’s Hospital, where he was confined from August 15 – October 5. On August 3, Foote articulated one of the greatest fears every POW had in crowded prison conditions, If we are not moved from here before long, some disease will break out. We are crowded up in filth. Yellow Fever outbreak was particularly worrisome to the prisoners as well as the city, and it was a concern related to Yellow Fever spreading that resulted in Foote being moved from Charleston and transferred to Columbia in late September.

Foote arrived at Camp Sorghum in Columbia by early October, and less than 2 months later, he and another officer managed to escape from the prison camp on November 29, 1864, spelling their way down the Santee River courtesy of the valued assistance of the contraband-negro population. The entries from the entire month of December are filled with tremendous details regarding Foote’s escape, which ended when he and his fellow officer were picked up on December 12 by the USS Nipsic in Winyah Bay. Foote’s personally drawn escape map of Winyah Bay has resided in his diary since 1864. A partial transcription of the diary accompanies the lot.

After mustering out of the 92nd NY in December 1864, Foote reenlisted in late March 1865 with the 121st New York Infantry, just in time to see action at Saylor’s (also Sailor’s) Creek, VA, in which he was promoted to 1st lieutenant for his meritorious service.

In addition to his 1864 diary, other highlights from the collection include 8 letters written by Foote to his mother during the Civil War, with references to camp life, Generals George McClellan and Winfield Scott, the Peninsula Campaign, and more, most dated 1861-1864, with the exception of one written in 1857 by a 14-yearold Foote; plus at least 12 war-dated documents, special orders, etc., among them a Muster-In Roll issued to Foote on August 23, 1862, for service in the 121st New York, a formal notification issued to Foote, indicating that he has been appointed a captain by brevet for his services at Saylor’s Creek stamped by Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton, 2 official discharges presented to Foote for his service in the 44th New York and the 65th New York, and much more. $4,000 - $6,000

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MORRIS COOPER FOOTE ARCHIVE | The Civil War 141 M.C. Foote, Rare Narrative Regarding his Civil War Experiences Morris C. Foote. Narrative of Capture, Prison Life and Escape During The War Of The Rebellion In 1864 [by] Lieutenant Morris C. Foote, Aide-DeCamp. Regimental Press, 9th US Infantry. n.d. 35pp. Wraps. Research indicates that only 12 copies of this book were printed, making this an exceptionally rare example. $200 - $300

MORRIS COOPER FOOTE ARCHIVE | The American West 142 M.C. Foote, 9th US Infantry, Archive Documenting Service in Alaska and the American West, Ca 1866-1871, Including U.S. Grant Signed Appointment for First Lieutenant Lot of approx. 45 items, featuring 2 diaries, 35 loose letters, documents, orders, telegrams, and related imprints, including: Commission for Captain by brevet, June 8, 1866.

Commission, 2nd Lieut. 9th Regt. US Infantry [move from volunteer to regular forces] June 5, 1866.

Letter to mother, Dec. 29, 1866 explaining how they had to cross the Isthmus of Panama before the construction of the canal.

Several orders, some associated with southern California, some with Camp Ruby, Nevada.

Military Division of the Pacific, Gen. Ord. No. 26, San Francisco, Cal., September 23, 1867 – I. The following treaty, concerning the cession of the Russian Possessions in North America by His Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias to the United States of America is published for the information of all concerned...

HQ Department of the Platte, Omaha, NE Aug. 6, 1870, Spec. Ords.

No 141 - leave of absence for M.C. Foote, also one from Army HQ in Washington about the same leave.

Aug. 20, 1867 – Appointment for Morris C. Foote as 1st. Lieut. in the 9th Infy. Signed U.S. Grant as Commanding General of the Army.

Should the Senate consent in their next session.

Commission dated June 26, 1868, Washington, Adjutant General’s Office.

Letter of acceptance of the commission dated Sitka, Alaska Ter. Sept.

12th 1868.

Report of two men from 9th Regt. Who died of Cholera 5 Jan 1867 and a long report, Angel Island, San Francisco Harbor, Cal., Jan. 26th 1867 – Left with 350 recruits from New York to Nicaragua on the Steamship San Francisco. A group of 350 recruits for the 8th US Cav. was still at Greytown a month after they arrived, having missed their connection with the steamer on the Pacific. Cholera was prevalent among them.

He then lists those who died or were left behind in the hospital.

Pocket journal, leather, 3.5 x 5.5 in., only about ¼ filled in, starts Dec. 1866 to Nov. 3, 1867. Most concerns the trip from NY through Isthmus to Angel Island, then to Camp Ruby, Nev. And back to San Francisco.

Boarded steamer for Sitka. Arrived Oct. 30.

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Second journal, approx. 8.5 x 13 in. paper label on front Journal. From December 1, 1867 to December 31, 1871 Captain Morris C. Foote, U.S. Army. Inside pages are different sizes, some only 8.5 x 9.5 in. or so.

Dec. 2 (1867) - This is a “Saints day” among the Russians; they have about two Saints, or holy days a week here, and all hands get drunk, this city manage to get drunk for or five times a week, as they make a practice of doing so every Saturday and Sunday anyway… [D]runken rows are a common occurrence here and will continue to be so, I am afraid until the General prohibits the sale of all liquors, especially the rum of this fur company. Most all of these people, when they are in trouble rush into my room, I presume because it is a firs floor, front room, it is getting to be quite annoying.

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Dec. 10, 1867 – Received today a dog, color black, breed Newfoundland and some cross unknown, name “Boatswain.” It was present to me by Lieut Livermore 2nd Arty., to whom it was presented at Victoria, B.C. Dec. 26 – One of the men of Co “H” was found dead this morng., cause rum, the first U.S. soldier that has died in this territory.

Jan. 24, 1868 - Took a Russian lesson in the eveng. …One year ago on the 17th of this month I landed on this coast. I have quite a little company writing here, with my little German clock ticking away on the wall, my kitten playing about the room, and my dog asleep on the floor near me.

June 20 (1868) - He and Lieut. Livermore and Capt. Kinney and Mr. Louthan went on a hunting and fishing expedition. Describes the early part of the journey…We went up the creek , and up the mountain making our way along slowly stopping frequently for a view and to rest.

We struck a snow field about 4pm and then Capt. Kinney decided not to go any higher, and went down to the foot of some falls, where a stream came out of another snow field about 1/4 of a mile off. Lieut. Livermore and I went on up athe mountain which soon became so steep as to be almost perpendicular. My dog was following us and in attempting to cross the bed of a stream he missed his footing and rolled and pitched three or four hundred yards down the mountain, it must have killed him almost instantly I then remarked to Livermore that “I had enough of that mountain and was not going any higher”, he said, “Yes let us go down”, and remarked, “it is more dangerous going down than up, a few minutes afterwards he told me to sling my rifle in front of me so that it would not catch and throw me over, I did so, we were a long time getting down going very slowly, Livermore went ahead and going faster than I soon was out of my sight, in a short time I met him coming up again, he asked me if I had seen the dog’s body, saying that he must have passed it, as he had been down quite far and had not seen it. He also remarked that he thought perhaps I had fallen as I had been so long coming down, and he had not heard me. I told him that the dog’s body must be further down, as I had seen it roll past the place where we then were. After talking a few minutes he turned and commenced going down. I following him, he went faster than I and when he would get a few paces ahead would wait until I came to him, cautioning me two or three times whenever we came to a very steep place, to be very careful. WE were proceeding in that manner, he

so close to me that I could almost have touched him by reaching out my arm, when suddenly I heard a shot and Livermore with the exclamation Oh! Sank down on his back, I sprang to him saying Oh Livermore! Oh my God! Livermore are you shot? I kneeled down by him, raised his head in my lap, just as I had done so his head fell back. I heard the death rattle in his throat, and he lay in my arms a corpse. The shot came from my rifle as his was around in front of him. Mine was slung in front but had slipped around to my side, the cock must have caught in a twig been raised a little ways and then fallen with sufficient force to explode the cartridge, the ball entered his back a little to the left of the spine, and passed out a little below his left breast. For a few seconds a sensation of great horror seized me, that seemed to benumb all my faculties, it is impossible for me to describe my feelings,… A minute before my friend was alive and well, talking to me, now he was dead in my arms, would never speak to me again. And the shot that caused his death came from the rifle slung by my side. I started up seized my rifle fired it several times, and called Kinney, but heard no answer. He had gone down to the bay, and I was alone in those horrible mountains with the bodies of my friend and my dog, both dead within half an hour, the dog had been a present to me from Livermore shortly after we arrived at Sitka last fall…

Sept. 16 – makes note of his 25th birthday.

Dec. 3 - This morning at about half past two o-clock Kinkead came to my room and told me that Capt. Kinney had shot himself with a pistol in a fit of delirium tremens. I went over to his room and found him dying. He had placed the muzzle of the pistol in his mouth and blown his brains out…

The first of the year brought some “Indian troubles” Chilkat Chief attacked a guard, when tried to arrest him, a fight erupted Sitka and Hydah seem to have helped hide the miscreants.

May 12 (1869)- This day relieved from duty at Sitka. Had a farewell dinner at the mess…

Made his way to San Francisco, then Sacramento, eventually arriving at Fort Sedgewick on the 20th of June.

July 13 – In the evening while we were playing croquet, the most terrific hailstorm come on us that I ever saw or heard of, in most all of our windows facing it the glass was shivered, the roof blown off from “D”

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MORRIS COOPER FOOTE ARCHIVE | The American West Co. Qrs. The Sutlers store & several other places. Some Pawnee scouts came in & reported on Indian fight 80 miles from here between Cavalry & Cheyenne.

July 15 - Rode out and met Gen. Carr and his command. Saw the Pawnee scouts with their scalps.

Starts learning telegraphy at this Fort. Was all over the area, to the Nebraska-Wyoming border, Ft. Fetterman, Antelope, Big Cottonwood, etc.

The archive also contains a number of government publications regarding Alaska Territory, all stitched and not bound, including: Gibbs, George. “A Dictionary of the Chinook Jargon, or Trade Language of Oregon.” Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. No. 161. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, March 1863. 44pp.

Belknap, Wm. W. Letter from the Secretary of War, Transmitting a report of the commanding general, Department of the Columbia, of his tour in Alaska Territory, in June, 1875. Senate Ex. Doc. No. 12, 44th Congress, 1st Session. 33pp.

Schurz, C. Population and Resources of Alaska. Letter from the Secretary of the Interior, Transmitting a Preliminary Report upon the Population, Industry, and resources of Alaska. House of Reps. Ex. Doc. No. 40, 46th Congress, 3d Session. 86pp.

Boutwell, George S. Youkon River and Island of St. Paul. Letter from the Secretary of the Treasury. House of Reps. Ex. Doc. No. 112, 41stCongress, 2d Session. 18pp.

Taft, Alphonso. Letter from the Secretary of War Transmitting Information in relation to Alaska and its resources, the Alaska Commercial Company, the conduct of Mr. Bryant at Saint Paul’s and Saint George’s Island, and the colonization of Icelanders. Senate Ex. Doc. No. 48, 44thCongress, 1st Session. 5pp.

Thompson, R. W. Letter from the Secretary of the Navy, Transmitting, in response to Senate resolution of February 26, 1880, information in regard to the present condition of affairs in Alaska. Senate Ex. Doc., No. 105, 46th Congress, 2d Session. 1880. 34pp.

143 M.C. Foote, 9th US Infantry, Archive Documenting Service in the American West, Ca 1872-1885, Including Exploration of the Black Hills Lot of approx. 50+ orders, letters and cards dating from about 1874 to 1876, plus two journals, 8 x 10 in. with flexible leather covers, each with paper label on front: Journal. From January 1, 1872 To October 31, 1878 / Captain Morris C. Foote, U.S. Army and Journal From November 1, 1878 To December 31, 1885, Captain Morris C. Foote, U.S. Army.

A number of orders relate to basic military functions, appointments (AAQM, ACS), taking recruits to various stations. There is a General Order pertaining to the order of units in the line in the Black Hills Expedition [May 24, 1875].

A Proclamation dated July 29, 1875 is a notice to miners and all others who do not have explicit permission to be there to leave the Black Hills by 15 August, by order of George Crook. There is also a manuscript notice, 6 x 8 in.: Notice!! All miners or other unauthorized citizens found in the Black Hills after the 15th of August will be arrested and taken to the nearest Military Post. By order of Lieut. Col. R. I. Dodge.

The miners met on August 10 to discuss their plans/options. At the meeting they decided on a resolution thanking the army for the gentlemanly manner we have at all times been treated.

There are over a dozen papers relating to Lieut. Foote’s health.

Examination by an army surgeon determined that his lung hemorrhages required an extended leave of absence, at least 60 days, and a change of climate. The Army initially granted 7 days. Then a number of papers extended it to 30 days, then sixty days, etc. One of the forms attributed his lung condition to extended stays between 4000 and 7000 feet in altitude.

A few papers concern old business. A letter of Feb. 1875 is trying to correct an error from 1862. Foote was discharged as an enlisted 96

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Sherman, John. Letter from the Secretary of the Treasury, Transmitting … copies of reports of Capt. John W. White, of the United States revenue service, concerning matter connected with Alaska Territory, and also copies of all material papers relating to the transfer of the jurisdiction over the Territory from the War Department to the Treasury, &c. Senate Ex. Doc. No. 179, 46th Congress 2d Session. 23pp.

Boutwell, George S. Survey of Alaska and the Aleutian Islands.

Letter from the Secretary of the Treasury Transmitting a letter from the Superintendent of the United States Coast Survey, asking for an appropriation to survey Alaska and the Aleutian Islands. House of Reps.

Ex. Doc. No. 255, 41st Congress, 2d Session. 7pp. $3,000 - $5,000

man to accept a commission. He received the commission, but the discharge was never filed, so he was dropped from that unit’s muster out rolls and classed as a deserter! (And yet he received other assignments and promotions!) It took over a dozen years to figure out, possibly because his commission as Captain of the 9th Infantry came up shortly after, and they were likely looking at his records.

Another letter lets Foote know that his record in Washington had been corrected.

There are about a dozen letters from his mother, some rather hard to read (she writes crisscross if she runs out of paper). Most are personal her health, the health of friends and neighbors, need for money, need for a new robe, a move to a new house, etc. There are a couple from his sister, Nannie, as well.

Two journals accompany the lot, but Foote does not include the month or year on every page, (i.e. many entries are simply noted “Saturday, 4th”), However, both have been transcribed, making his narrative much easier to follow. The earlier journal contains his notes from the second Black Hills Expedition.

June 3rd, Thursday. The Black Hills Geological, Topographical & Astronomical Surveying Party is composed of Prof. Jenney, Chief Geologist, Capt. Tuttle astronomer, Dr. McGillycuddy topographer, with their assistants and three or four practical miners - The military escort is composed of Co’s C & I 2nd Cav. A,K,H & J 3rd Cav & H & C 9th Infy. numbering 438 enlisted men & 16 officers. Commanded by Lt. Col. R.I. Dodge Inf Staff composed of.....We have a train of about sixty wagons & ambulances, a Gatling gun, field howitzer, and about fifty civilian employees.

By Thurs., June 10th, they picked up Custer’s trail from the previous summer and followed it for about the next week. He describes valleys filled with wildflowers, clear cold springs and streams; one day they BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

MORRIS COOPER FOOTE ARCHIVE | The American West

got 16 deer. About the 14th, they encountered some miners. At first the men hid, then one came out with his rifle. He called out halt gentlemen, and we did so, after giving him an instant to see that we had no weapons in our hands, I advanced and spoke to him, said “good morning,” which salutation was politely answered, while talking several others appeared from behind the rocks & trees, I said “I suppose you are miners, but you need not be afraid as I am not here now to arrest your.” I asked them to show me some gold, they said they had sent a man in to Ft. Laramie the day before with all they had, but they would be happy to pan out some for me if I would go with them to the creek, while going down the comdg. officer came up and we all adjourned to the creek where one of them panned out two pans of gravel from a hole about 2 feet deep, producing some very fine specimens of gold Lon Camp 17 103 44 45 lat 43 46 20-53 Altitude 5620. They were very small, only worth two or three cents, but pure rich yellow gold, and at once convinced us that gold existed in the Black Hills, as Gen. Custer had reported....

Many letters written and received are mentioned in passing in the journal, including those during his time as Acting Indian Agent at Spotted Tail Agency. He repeats his count of the Indians when he notes that his survey is finished in September.

The second journal is from a bit quieter period. He does mention the news of Garfield’s death on Sept. 20, 1881, and he went to a Garfield memorial service on the 26th.

By early March 1882, civil unrest required intervention by the Army.

The Camp Dump Strike in Omaha, NE involved about 75 union workers on a railroad grading operation. They formed a picket line, looking for better pay. The Governor, Albinus Nance called in the state militia. One of the strikers by the name of Armstrong was killed by the militia (bayoneted) while trying to cross the picket line. The troops from Ft. Omaha were called. Foote writes: Sat. 11th Received orders at 10-30 a.m. and went to town with all available men, the Gatling gun & howitzer, stood under arms all day to protect workmen from rioters, returned to post at dark. March 12th Sunday. Quiet. Went down in Ambulance in the afternoon & interviewed Governor Nance. Called on officers at 5th Cav. Camp.

A couple weeks later he notes: Tues. 28th. Fine day. Moved into new house. Summoned as witness before the Grand Jury in killing of Citizen Armstrong by the militia, during the riots. Most of the rest is mundane activities “Went to town.; Busy at Hd. Qtrs.; Col. Anderson arrived. Typical entries for a “lifer” - given enough time, there are bursts of activity interspersed in a field of routine. $5,000 - $7,000

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MORRIS COOPER FOOTE ARCHIVE | The American West

144 Original Hand-Drawn Map of North & Northwestern Area Above Black Hills, Attributed to M.C. Foote, Plus Lot of 2, including original hand-drawn map of the North and Northwestern area above the Black Hills, 12.5 x 15.75 in. Referred to in M.C. Foote’s journals in 1878, indicating that it was likely drawn by Foote or someone else involved in the expedition.

Map entitled Reconnaissances of Routes in and leading from the Department of the Platte by Captain W.S. Stanton Corps of Engineers.

1875-76 & 77. Drawn by R.E. Koehneman. Signed by M.C. Foote and Capt. Gerard Russell, 3rd Cavalry. 21.5 x 35 in. Includes the Black Hills. $2,000 - $3,000

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MORRIS COOPER FOOTE ARCHIVE | The American West 145 M.C. Foote, Archive Documenting Duties as Commander of the Spotted Tail Agency, Featuring 1876 Indian Census Books Lot of 15 letters, plus, and three handmade(?) booklets with counts of Indians at the Spotted Tail Agency.

Books each 4 x 6.25 in, lined, no covers. One with manuscript note on front: Count of Spotted Tail’s Band of Brule Sioux made by Lieut. M.C. Foote / Sept. 6th 1876 / Clerk - S.F. Estes / Interpreter - Louis Bordeaux. Small one with no notes on first page. Third one with: Count of Loafer & Corn Bands Brule Sioux made Sept 9th 1876 by 1st Lieut M.C. Foote 9th Inf. / Acting Indian Agent / S.F. Estes Clerk / Louis Bordeaux Interpreter / Head Men White Thunder and Swift Bear. Counts made by head of family; he then gives Men, Women, Boys, Girls, Babies, Total. Family heads are sometimes widows, which he notes. Spotted Tail’s family consists of 22 people, with 4 women, 9 boys and 8 girls. The total for Spotted Tail’s Band, is 2593 in 342 lodges (averaging just over 7.5 per lodge).

The count of the other two bands are a bit unclear, but he gives the subtotal for each of the two bands, 621 and 728, for a total of 1349.

He notes in a letter to his former professor, Othniel Charles Marsh, at Yale College [Sept. 17, 1876] I went into every lodge with a clerk and interpreter who knew all the Indians here. I saw nearly every one myself and found a total of 5614 men women & children. This no. includes about 28 white men & their Indian families who draw rations under the treaty of 1868, and 148 Indians who have been transferred from Red Cloud Agency in the last month....The former agent here Mr. Howard, transferred a list to me of 9135, he had been issuing rations on that basis, and told me his predecessor estimated the no. much more than that, I think twice as many. ...So these Indians have been increased - “on paper” - since the Agency was removed to this remote region where outside parties, interlopers, meddlers, and falsifiers such as Professors of colleges, scientific gentlemen, army officers &c., could not have a chance to interfere with the legitimate business of the much abused ans slandered agents and their employers of the “Ring.” He goes on to says that the situation seems to be the same at the Red Cloud Agency - 10,000 on the books, between 4 and 5,000 at the agency.

A “true copy” of a telegram from Omaha, July 20, 1876: By the direction of the General of the Army, and at the request of the Secretary of the Interior, who has dismissed the agent at Spotted Tail Agency, the instructions of the Lieut. General are that you take charge of, or designate some good officer to take charge of the Spotted Tail Agency and property thereat temporarily, and perform the duties required until a civil agent is again appointed who will be instructed by the Secretary of the Interior to act subordinate to the military commander until close of hostilities.... you will cause to be made an accurate list of all Indians now at the Agency and issues will be made to these and no others. You will prevent as far as possible any Indians from leaving,...

Lieut. Foote, of course, received this appointment. As part of his census of residents, he took note of others also present [Aug. 15,

1876]: ...I find at this agency a list of about six hundred (600) white men and half breeds with their Indian families, drawing rations. A large number of these men are perfectly well able to support themselves. Some of them are what is termed “Treaty Men” and claim rations under the provisions of the treaty of 1868. I fail to see anything in the treaty that provides for their maintenance...I would respectfully request authority to drop from the list such men, with their families, as I know are working for good wages or have sufficient means to support themselves. He goes on to name several and their sources of income.

Three documents in the group relate to supplies purchased or received at the agency. At every turn, Foote finds conflicts in the amounts received, issued, etc. by his predecessor. Four documents indicate differences in the records examined by the Indian Office and Treasury Department. A long letter dated Dec. 5, 1878 gives Foote’s overview of the entire experience as Acting Indian Agent.

In late October 1876, Order No. 3 relieved Foote from duty as Acting Indian Agent. A few days later [Nov. 1, 1876] he received a letter from R. McKenzie saying that he allowed Foote to rejoin his company because ...from what I heard I judge your health would not allow of your going in the field and I thought your service at Spotted Tail very valuable...

The final letter in the group is from S. Leindenberger, an employee from Spotted Tail Agency, Sept. 19, 1877. He notes: The excitement caused by Crazy Horse’s death is now over, we go an accession of about 1100 Indians which ran away from Red Cloud Agency and which will remain here now making the total 8800 persons. After surrendering at Fort Robinson, Crazy Horse tried to live in peace with Americans. But reportedly he was asked to help round up the Nez Perce under Chief Joseph who had left their reservation and were headed to Canada.

Crazy Horse refused, then relented. A number of misinterpreted messages led General Crook to order his arrest, but Crazy Horse had fled to Spotted Tail with his sick wife. As he was returning to Fort

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Robinson with Jessie Lee (the transcriber of the telegram above), then Indian agent at Spotted Tail, along with other Indians. In the ensuing confusion about turning Crazy Horse over and to whom, Crazy Horse was stabbed with a bayonet by one of the guards and died near midnight in the care of post surgeon, Dr. Valentine McGillycuddy. Any death of a “big man” raises questions, and this one was no exception.

It seems to have taken Foote some time to convince Washington that he was not cheating the Indians or the government out of supplies for the Agency. Scandals were rife at the time. Population numbers were inflated so more supplies were needed, but when accounts of issued rations were examined, generally less than half of the promised rations

were delivered. Since probably half as many people were living at the agency as some claimed, and they only received half of their rations, this leaves about 3/4 of the rations unaccounted for. Another level of Indian Agent scandals was mentioned in Foote’s letter to Prof. Marsh the Indian Ring scandal. William Belknap convinced Congress to allow him alone to appoint sutlers and traders to supply army forts and Indian agencies. Belknap would then receive a kickback from those traders. Just another scandal for the Grant administration...Although profiting from Indian rations pre- and post-dates Grant. It appears to have been universal. $6,000 - $8,000

146 Cabinet Photograph Possibly Identified as M.C. Foote & American Indian Cabinet photograph of an unidentified American Indian seated beside a uniformed gentleman possibly identified as Morris Cooper Foote in a studio setting, with W.A. Croley, Fort Biobrara, Neb. backmark. Ca late 1860s-early 1870s. $300 - $500

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147 Flathead Lake, Bigfork, Montana, Group of Photographs from the M.C. Foote Collection Lot of 19 photographs of the Bigfork / Flathead Lake area of Montana, almost all measuring 5 x 7 in. and lacking identification or photograph’s mark. Highlights include an image (separated into four pieces) of Kootenai Indians near Dayton Creek, located on the west side of Flathead Lake, as well as multiple views of camp scenes in which several men are gathered together, including images of a surveying party as well as images of hunters armed with their rifles.

A view of what appears to be a train accident and a ship in harbor as well as landscape photographs accompany the lot. $400 - $600

MORRIS COOPER FOOTE ARCHIVE | Spanish American War 148 M.C. Foote, 9th US Infantry, Archive Documenting Military Service Including Spanish American War, 1886-1900, Featuring First-Hand Account of Participation at Battle of San Juan Hill Lot includes 2 journals, 2 books containing approx. 140 General Orders & Circulars from 1898, and 10+ loose letters and documents.

The Spanish-American War originated in the struggle of Cuba and other Spanish holdings in the New World for independence. Although the proximate revolt in Cuba began in February 1895, it was mostly Spain’s brutal repression (and its portrayal in the media, of course) of the Cuban efforts that got the sympathy of ordinary Americans. The USS Maine was sent to protect American interests. When the Maine sunk in Havana Harbor (probably the result of an explosion in her magazine, not a result of a Spanish attack, as was thought at the time), Americans demanded action. Congress declared war on April 24, retroactive to April 21. Spain was entirely unprepared, and, being more distant from Cuba than America was, was unable to get her troops and navy to Cuba in time. Commodore Dewey destroyed the Spanish fleet in Manila Bay, while Gen. William Shafter landed east of Santiago and advanced on the city to force the fleet out of the harbor. Santiago surrendered on July 17, although a formal treaty would take several more months. Captain Morris C. Foote was on San Juan Hill, outside the city of Santiago, with Theodore Roosevelt›s «Rough Riders» and others through the action.

This lots consists of a couple of private journals, one with Private Journal. From January 1, 1888, to April 31, 1896. Captain Morris C. Foote, U.S. Army. and Private Journal From May 1st 1896 to October 20th 1900 Captain Morris C. Foote, U.S. Army. Approx. 8 x 10 in. For the most part the entries are fairly mundane, notes about letters written and received, bills paid, etc. These journals trace his courtship and wedding to Annie Murphy:

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MORRIS COOPER FOOTE ARCHIVE | Spanish American War

1895 / Sat. 16th (June) Col. Richard Dodge died at 3.30 this morning.

Wrote Russell.

1890 / Nov. 10, 11, 13, 14, 145, 16 – called on Annie.

1890 / Dec. 12 Cold. Army Building, two cases. Bought ring for Annie.

Dined at Theo. Keese’s.

Sat. 13th: Army Building, one case. Had Annie’s ring sent to her to look at.

1891 / March Tues. 24th Announced my engagement letter from Annie.

April 29th: Married at 12m. to Miss Annie Elizabeth Murphy, daughter of D.F. & A.E. Murphy, at their residence, 314 C. Street N.W., by the Rev. Wm. F. Marshall assisted by the Rev. W.R. Cowardin SJ. Left Washington at 2.0 PM. Went to Baltimore Rennert House.

Sept. 3, [1892] – Very fine. Paid bills. Inspection in full dress. President Harrison came through en route to Loon Lake, paid my respects to him.

1894 / March 20th - …my dear wife was safely delivered of a fine boy.

A couple notes include Civil War retrospectives: April 6th(1894) – Windy. Wrote Mr. Murphy. Lyceum. 29 years ago today I was in the battle of Sailors Creek where Ewells Corps of Lee’s Army was destroyed, the last pitched battle of the Army of the Potomac & the Army of Northern Virginia.

April 9th: 29 years ago today the Army of Northern Virginia surrendered to the Army of the Potomac.

1895 / Sat. 16th (June) Col. Richard Dodge died at 3.30 this morning.

Wrote Russell.

1898 – June 7th, Wrote Annie twice. Hot. Order to move came at 9 p.m. packed and sat up all night.

Wed. 8th Marched out of camp at 3.20 this morning. Took cars and went to Port Tampa. Went on board transport Santiago at 8.30 am. Wrote Annie & sent telegram.

June 20th Fine. Near the land this morning. Lay off the mouth of the harbor of Santiago all day. Could see the Morro Castle at the entrance.

Towards eveng. Steamed out to sea about 25 miles.

They returned the following day, and lay off the harbor all day again.

The regt. landed about the 25th.

July 1st Friday. Rations issued this morning. Newspaper mail. Broke camp about 8 a.m. Marched to the front, slowly on account of frequent halts.

Hzard [sic?] artillery firing. Under fire about 10 a.m. Had to walk over the men of the 71st N.Y. Volunteers to get to the front. The regiment was ordered forward moving by the flank on a narrow road. I commanded the leading Co. H, we were under severe fire all the time both shrapnel and 102

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infty. Fire, sharpshooters seemed to be in our front and flanks, hidden in trees and in the dense chaparral. I crossed the San Juan river at the head of my company and formed in an open field to the left of the crossing, finding some of the 13th and 24th infty mixed there with me. When I crossed I infer that our forward movement was delayed for a while as the 2nd platoon of my Co. did not follow at once, and no other co. of the Regt. Came over then except a part of Co. C, the 2nd Co. of the 1st battalion. I sent back for the rest of my Co which joined me, under the 1st Sergt. We opened fire on the enemy on the hill in our front, until an order to cease firing was passed along the line. I then formed my Co ready to advance and an officer, who said he was an aid to Gen. Hawkins, said that the General wished all the troops to move forward. I said that I did not like to move without any orders from my Battalion or Regimental Commander, but after a few minutes this officer came and repeated the order to move forward and I did so, directing my advance on the Black House, or Fort on the top of the hill in front. A few men of the 24th Infty joined the right of my Co but most of this regt seemed to be on my left. I moved in open order, as rapidly as possible, across the open field and up the hill. I found Lt. Simpson, act. Adjt.

Gen of our brigade, well up on the hill, he helped me cut the wire fence so my co could pass through. As I paned on to the crest the enemy seemed to be retreating. I could see some of the companies of my regiment coming up on my right and rear. My company was the first one of the regiment up on the hill at the fort. I then placed my men on the crest of the hill to the left of the fort and opened fire on the retreating enemy. As the Regt formed up on the crest my co. was placed on the left. We held this position and at dark entrenched ourselves working all night. The casualties in my co. were as follows: killed none, wounded one Corporal and four privates. I was placed in command of the 2nd Battalion as soon as the Regt was formed on the crest of San Juan Hill. We received some hard bread and bacon during the night, and some ammunition. We sent detachments back and got some of our blanket rolls and haversacks.

July 2nd Saturday Firing commenced at daybreak, and continued all day strengthened our position at night by continued work in the trenches, bivouacked just in rear of them, and in them. Heavy night attack….

Things quiet down the next day. They stay in the trenches for a time.

July 17th Sunday. “Our Regiment” marched into the city this morning and paraded to receive the formal surrender of the Spanish command.

We formed in the plaza facing the Governor’s palace, as the old cathedral clock struck twelve o’clock our flag was raised over the palace, one regiment presented arms, and the band played the star spangled banner.

We remained in the city, the only regiment there.

There is a long summary of the battle (might have been for a talk). In it he notes that most of the forces were regulars where he was. The only BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

MORRIS COOPER FOOTE ARCHIVE | Spanish American War volunteers were the 71st NY and 2nd Mass. And 1st US Vol. Cavalry, known as “Roosevelt’s Rough Riders.” There were very few volunteer troops ready to ship out when they reached Tampa. He goes on to talk about how disorganized these “raw” troops were, and how well trained his “regulars” were.

The night of the 1st of July found the 1st division of the 5th Corps literally hanging on to the ridges of the San Juan hills with nothing but their rifles and what ammunition they had in their belts, 1500 men lay dead and wounded on the slopes, and in the chaparral, and Santiago was not taken. When we went into action that morning we had stripped for the fight, that is we had divested ourselves of our blanket rolls, haversacks, and everything except our arms ammunition and canteens. Most of us had waded waist deep in the river and we were wet, cold, tired, and hungry.

We knew we had to strengthen our position and cover ourselves with hasty entrenchments that night or the ridge would be untenable the next day. Consequently details were made and all through the night work was kept up, at first we had nothing to dig with but bayonets, tin cups, and hands, but about midnight a few picks and shovels were brought up by parties sent down after water and the haversacks we had taken off in the morning. Sometime in the night a pack mule train came up and left a few boxes of hard bread and some ammunition at the foot of the hill.

We carried that up and distributed it. At day break the enemy opened a furious fire on us but we were pretty well under cover then and our losses were very slight. All that day the firing continued, but slackened up toward evening so we could take the men out of the trenches and let them make coffee and fry bacon. That night we resumed work on our entrenchments and put them in very good shape. The next day firing began at dawn as usual but ceased about noon when General Shafter made the first demand for the surrender of the city. After that holding our position was simply a matter of endurance on the part of our troops. We actually lived from hand to mouth as we never had a days rations ahead. The pack mule train came up each night with a little hard bread, bacon coffee and sugar, this was issued out in the morning and consumed that day. The broiling hot sun shone on us and the tropical rain storms beat down upon us, we laid on the wet ground at night and got such rest as we could. Finally when negotiations for the surrender of the Spanish forces were completed on the 17th of July, and we took possession of the city the pernicious malarial fever of that country had attacked us and in a few days half our force, officers and men, were completely disabled. This condition of affairs grew worse until at last, after a statement of the condition of the troops – miscalled a round robin – was made and signed by all the Brigade and Division Commanders, and the ranking medical officers, the Fifth Corps, or what was left of it able to move, was embarked on transports and taken north to Montauk Point.

Had extended leave of absence in late 1899 for malaria (?), and 1900 saw him in China (see next lot).

The lot also includes covers of Official Army Register for January 1892, and 1902, with owner’s signatures of Morris C. Foote and Mrs. Foote.

Plus a 4 x 15.5 in. sheet with Stations of Regiments, with manuscript Feb. 25th 1899 written at top. In the Infantry section, the 9th infy. Is listed as Entire regiment at Madison Barracks, N.Y. Ordered to the Department of California to be in readiness for service at Manila. Apparently that order was changed, as the 9th headed to Santiago, Cuba.

One penciled sheet appears to be a draft or notes for a summary of Foote’s service up to mid-1899. The summary is manuscript in ink on “Recruiting Station, Boston” letterhead. A letter dated Nov. 18, 1900 from his son, Francis, also accompanies the archive. $2,000 - $3,000

MORRIS COOPER FOOTE ARCHIVE | The Boxer Rebellion 149 M.C. Foote, 9th US Infantry, Archive Documenting Service during the Boxer Rebellion in China, Plus Later Correspondence, 1900-1905 Lot of 125+ items, featuring 3 short journals, at least 100 official documents, letters, telegrams, and more, some with multiple pages, maps, newspapers, books, and pamphlets.

The Boxer Rebellion/Uprising/Movement took place in China 18991901, although its origins have been traced to the Treaty of Tientsin (Tianjin) and Convention of Peking in 1860 after the Second Opium War. The treaties established legations for most European and American nations, and granted foreign missionaries the freedom to preach anywhere in China. Over the next couple decades the Christian community grew. By 1897-1898 a series of natural disasters - drought, flood, etc. - helped to feed discontent. China had a long history of secret societies. In the northern province of Shandong, the Righteous and Harmonious Fists, or Boxers United in Righteousness arose. They practiced some martial arts (hence, “boxers”) and spirit possession.

Several early leaders had visions suggesting that the causes of the problems in China were foreigners, especially Christians.

In 1898 Christians in Liyuatun Village who had purchased and converted a temple to the Jade Emperor into a Catholic church were attacked. This, of course, outraged the foreign governments.

There were many moves and counter-moves, with Chinese officials sometimes supporting one group, sometimes supporting others.

Violence increased, and the foreign diplomats requested soldiers to defend the legations. In May 1900 over 400 navy troops from eight countries came to Beijing setting up defenses around the missions.

Within a month, the legations were under siege, and on 12 June the Empress Dowager declared war against all foreign powers. The foreign navies had started building their presence along the northern coast a few months earlier. The so-called “Eight Nation Alliance (AustriaHungary, France, Germany, Italy, Japan Russia, the United Kingdom, United States) were commanded by British Lieut. Gen. Alfred Gaselee.

America was able to send a sizeable contingent since there were troops stationed in the Philippines who had just “won” the insurrection there. The American action was known as the “China Relief Expediton.”

Captain Morris C. Foote was among those who came from Manila to Tientsin. One American who was trapped in Tientsin, in the foreign sector, was future president Herbert Hoover and his wife. The Alliance

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captured Tientsin on 14 July, and used it as a base from which to advance on Beijing. They began on 4 August and reached Beijing on 14 August.

The materials collected by Morris C. Foote include the usual official materials - orders, notes, letters, etc. The lot includes a binder with nearly 70 such items, many of them with multiple pages. A second binder has four letters from his son, Francis, 33 telegrams and cablegrams, 17 business/calling cards, 10+ other letters, including one to his wife, printed orders, etc.

There are several journals and notebooks. In a small pocket notebook, 2.5 x 4 in. leather, is a two-page manuscript note in center with Cable Nagasaki to Philadelphia / 3.66 mix aboard / Nagasaki to Taker 7 / Col. Bower Eng. Sign Corps / Capt. Shaw US National / 3 PM / Thurs.

12th & Fri. 13th / Reported to Lt. Col Coolidge / Eveng of the 12th , Thurs on river Peiho, barge reached / Tientsin about 10 am / Fri 13; Went with 9 inf.

Hdqrs, cooked dinner – at 2p.m. I was ordered out with two Co’s of the 9th, Capt Sigworth USA & Schoffield, to the Japanese bridge to hold that point & communicate with Col. Bowers of the British Sig Corps at his station & Capt. Shaw of the US Marine acted as my guide. Established post at Bridge & at 3 pm. Reported to Col. Bower regard situation, had supper with our marine Officers at their Hdqrs at 4p.m. & returned to the Jap Bridge – Remained at bridge all night , with my Co. & 1 at RR station. / Sat. 14th Withdrew 1 Co. reported at Reg Hdqrts. Went into walled city of Tientsin with 1 Co at 9:50 am. Remained all day.

Journal, 4 x 6.5, leather – seems to be mostly 1900, but other random pages – 1898 – Aug. 27, 1904 Inside front pastedown –Morris Cooper Foote / Captain 9th U.S. Infty / Major 9th U.S. Infty. Aug. 11th? 1898 / Lieut.

Co. Feby 2, 1901 / Colonel 28th Infty April 1902 / Grig. General Feby 18 1903 / Retired Feby 19th 1903. Loose paper inside with German phrase “cheat sheet” – Where can we get lunch / Where do we change cars / etc.

July 17 (1900) Foote sent official report to AG, Essentially the same info as above, but more details on 14th – when they went into the city, was ordered to report to Col. Meade of the USMC. I did so finding a portion of the city on fire, and was fired upon by Chinese Soldiers 104

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concealed in the houses. I directed Lieut Schoeffel to dislodge these men, which he did in a very gallant manner, having to fire some of the buildings in order to do so. After this work was accomplished I found Col. Meade and reported. I then moved into the South East Quarter, having to march around n the city wall to get there, the narrow streets being impassable on account of the fires raging throughout that part of the city. About 1 p.m. I occupied buildings adjoining an Ordnance depot. The other Companies of my battalion joined me in the evening.

Supplementary report dated July 25 summarizes this report, and adds: I am confident that no other American soldiers were in the city that day, and that no looting was done by them, though it seemed to be a general thing among the other troops of the allied forces. On the evening of the 14ththree other companies of my Battalion come in and reported to me. I kept patrols up during that night, and preserved order as much as possible in our section. ON the 15th I was informed that there was a treasury containing a large amount of silver in the American section immediately adjoining the Japanese quarter, I at once sent a guard there but found it had been burned, a guard was placed over the ruins and subsequently a large amount of silver was taken from the vaults and turned over to the officer in command of the U.S. Marine force. I collected coolies and buried the dead Chinese soldiers all day on the 15th, patrolled our part of the city, and protected the inhabitants as much as possible. From all I could see and ascertain the English, French, and Japanese soldiers looted the city for some time, without any restriction in their sections, and undoubtedly some of the Chinese people plundered also. Very little if any of this was done by the U.S. Infantry troops. This may not have been entirely true. Some of the Chinese plundering has been interpreted as revenge for earlier depredations by Boxers.

A typed letter in the collection from Headquarters China Relief Expedition, Peking, China, November 2nd, 1900, to the Secretary of the Provisional Government in Tientsin informs them: Sir – I have the honor to inform you that Major Morris C. Foote, 9th Infantry, Commanding U.S. Forces in Tientsin this winter, is designated to represent the United States on the council of the Provisional Government…. (Signed) Adna R. Chaffee, Major General, U.S.V. Commanding U.S. Forces in China.

More items in the archive include: Membership in the Military Order of the Dragon, Jan. 1, 1901, Tientsin Club, other fraternal organizations. A telegram from Adna Chaffee, Feb. 8, 1901, congratulating Foote on his promotion (this would be to Lieutenant Colonel).

Then came the letter on Consular Service USA letterhead, Tientsin, China, July 20th 1901: My Dear colonel Foote, A short time ago about one hundred people from a village near Tientsin approached my office with a band of music and a banner which I am sending you by U.S. Mail Today. They made me the recipient for you.

Speeches were made by the dignitaries of the village and of course I made one in return. It is not necessary to repeat all that was said, but I will acknowledge that the joke is on me, for before departure the coolies who carried the banner struck me for $300 cumsha, which I meekly parted with.

The banner was mounted on a large frame of wood, the wood being at least 3 inches thick, and weighted perhaps 200 pounds. I concluded that I could not send frame and all by post so stripped it off and send the cloth alone…. The name of the village is on the banner. They seemed to be very much in love with you and I am sorry that you was [sic] not present to enjoy the occasion… Signed J.W. Ragsdale.

Foote collected newspapers, prints: Broadsheet, 15 x 20 in. Peking and Tientsin Times, Vol. VII, No. 48, Sat. April 6th, 1901. Ads in German, Italian, English.

Piece of Japanese woodblock print on laid paper, approx. 9.5 x 13 in., est. mid-19th century.

Blueprint style map, 12.5 x 29.5 in., Tientsin-to-Peking China: Map showing route of U.S. troops of the China Relief Expedition, Aug. 4th to 14th1900. (From Mollendorff survey enlarged, and road sketch of route travelled.)

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Blueprint map of Tientsin, approx. 12 x 12 in., showing international zones – France, Germany, Japan, Britain, America.

13 red paper “flags” w/Chinese characters, from 3.5 x 7.5 in. to 4.5 x 9.5 in. Many with names written on them in English, most police committee members. There are at least two other groups of these in sleeves without committee names on them. One group includes the envelope that was sent to his son.

New York Herald, European Edition, No. 25,309. Paris, Fri. Dec. [illeg.]

Approx. 16 x 23 in. Stain on masthead covering date.

New York Herald, Dec. 8, 1905 p. 6, foot of col. 3: General M.C. Foote Expires / Heart Failure Causes Death after Recovery from Double Pneumonia and Pleurisy / (Special to the Herald.] Geneva, Thursday – Brigadier General Morris Cooper Foote died last night at the Hotel d’Angleterre, where he had resided during the last two winters. He had been suffering from double pneumonia and double pleurisy, but had entirely recovered from those complaints when his heart failed. He leaves a widow and two sons, the latter being at school here.

Also included is a MOLLUS pamphlet In Memoriam Morris Cooper Foote, Died December 6, 1905 at Geneva, Switzerland.

In addition, there are a number of books and other pamphlets are in the lot: Reglements Generau d’Administration de la Cite Chinoise d Tientsin. The Tientsin Press, 1900. 8.5 x 11 in.

10 x 13 in., red cloth with gilt front. Ordre du Double Dragon. In Chinese and French. de Linde, A. Report of the Hai-Ho River Improvement; and the River of Chihli. Tientsin Press, 1900. de Linde, A. Ingenieur Charge des Travaux. Rapport sur les Travaux d’Amelioration dans la Riviere du Hai-Ho. Tientsin Press, 1900.

Typed copy China Relief Expedition / Roster of Officers and troops / December 1, 1900. de Beauvoisin, Mariot. French Verbs at a Glance. London: Edward Stanton, n.d., 82nd ed.

Appendix to Army Regulations, Edition of 1901, Changes to Dec. 31, 1902 and orders & Circulars relating Thereto.

Hermann, M. Reiskarte von Mittel-Europa mit Angabe der Bahnstationen Und Post verbind ungen. Entworfen und gezeichnet von M. Hermann.

Glogau: Carl Flemming. Folding map, color in 4.5 x 7.5 in. paper wraps.

Four parts of Waeber, Ch. Map of North Eastern China, 1893. Nordost, Sudost, Sudwest, Nordwest. Each 18.5 x 23 in., dissected and mounted on linen, colored.

Map of North Eastern China / Prepared in the War Department, Adjutant General’s Office, Military Information Division, Washington, USA, 1900.

Dissected and mounted on linen, 31 x 37 in. $3,000 - $5,000

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MORRIS COOPER FOOTE ARCHIVE | The Boxer Rebellion 150 The Boxer Rebellion, Photographic Archive from the M.C. Foote Collection, Including Signed Portrait of Foote with European and Japanese Officials, Plus Tientsin Execution Views Lot of 25 photographs, including: 8.25 x 10.5 in. photograph, on 13.75 x 16.75 in. mount, showing a group portrait taken in Tokyo by Yamamoto, as marked on mount, signed by the following officers: Lt. Colonel Arlabosse, French Army; Charles Denby, Jr., General Secretary; H. Bower, Lt. Colonel, British Army; E.V. Falkenhayn, Major, German Army; Major General C. Wogack, Russian Army; M. Casanuova Jerseriech, Captain, Italian Navy; Morris C. Foote, Lt. Colonel, U.S. Army; and Lt. Colonel Harady, Japanese Army.

Accompanied by 3 identical, unsigned copies of the photograph, 2 of which are slightly smaller in size, plus a 7.75 x 9.75 in. copy of the signed group portrait, on 10.75 x 13.75 in. mount with J.D. Givens, San Francisco, CA, imprint.

Additional highlights include: 9 previously unknown and unpublished photos, 3 x 4 in., of executions in Tientsin, China; 8 x 10 in., mounted photograph of a group of soldiers in a studio setting, taken by Sanyu & Co., Tientsin, China, 13.75 x 15.5 in. overall. The soldiers are identified on verso as follows: Back Row: Lieut Barret, Hong Kong Regiment; Lieut Drouillard, 9th Inf.; Capt Forteath (Commissariat 11th Brigade); Lieut. Wellorn, 9th Inf.; Middle Row: Lieut. Robinson, Naval Contingent (Victoria N.S.W.); Capt. Beattie, 16 Bengal Lancers; Capt. Tracy, Paymaster Naval (Victoria N.S.W.); Lieut Brown, 9th Inf.; Lieut. Mobile, Hong Kong Regiment; Front Row: Lieut. Coleman, 9th Inf.; Lieut.

Sexton, 3rd Bombay Cavalry; unmarked 5.75 x 7.25 in. cyanotype of a group of unidentified officers representing various countries;

1 of 25

7 unmarked photographs, 5 x 7 in., of an unidentified military camp plus other buildings and landmarks, presumably taken in the same area as the camp; Underwood & Underwood stereoview of the Bengal Lancers escorting Count Waldersee on his arrival at Peking, before the Sacred Gate, China; and a cabinet image of a steamship. $700 - $1,000

MORRIS COOPER FOOTE ARCHIVE

151 M.C. Foote, Military & Personal Items, Including Major General Shoulder Straps & Uniform Buttons Lot of approx. 30 items that likely belonged to Morris Cooper Foote or his relatives, with the following highlights: pair of Major M.C. Foote’s shoulder straps, each with label of Adolfo Richter & Co., Manila. He became a major in August 1898; 8 uniform buttons, most marked Pacific Button Co., San Francisco, CA, housed in Tiffany & Co. box with penciled note identifying them to the late Brig. Gen. Morris Cooper Foote; Lamb Eye Shield, with original case, ca 1895; scissors with original case; pair of eyeglasses (no lenses), with accompanying case, identified to ancestor of Foote’s wife, Annie; Naval Academy patch; and more.

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Three wooden boxes, one with intricate marquetry, accompany the lot. Two of the boxes were likely souvenirs from the China Relief Expedition, as they are adorned with Chinese characters, and the larger of the two houses a tortoise shell cigarette case.

The lot also includes assorted pieces of jewelry, such as a photo case featuring engraved scene of a home on one side, and floral decoration on other, identified to Annie (likely Foote›s wife), an early wrist watch, mesh bracelet, 2 bangles, hard-stone ring, fancy dress pin, religious necklace, and thimble. The jewelry, housed in the intricately decorated wooden box, is accompanied by a written note stating that the items are Property of Wm. C. Foote. Bequeathed to him by his grandfather Dennis F. Murphy. William C. Foote was the son of M.C. Foote. $300 - $500 BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

MORRIS COOPER FOOTE ARCHIVE

152 M.C. Foote Archive Featuring Personal & Family Photographs, Plus Family Books, Genealogical Records & Documents Lot of over 300 items, mostly photographs, related to Morris Cooper Foote and his family. The photographic portion of the archive, which is comprised of close to 250 images, ranging from cased daguerreotypes and ambrotypes (7), to CDVs, cabinet cards, and tintypes (approx. 30), some figures identified, as well as large format photographs, includes the following highlights: • Photo of Foote with 10 others, 8 x 9.75 in., on 10.75 x 12.75 in. mount with credit to Givens, San Francisco, CA. This photograph, used by The Sunset Magazine, Sept 1902 (also included with the lot), shows Colonel Foote, U.S.A., Staff and Company Commanders, Discharge Camp, Angel Island, California. The following officers are pictured: Dr. Louis A. Moloney, Contract Surgeon; Captain William R. Scott, First Calvary; Lieutenant Robert S. Knox, Twenty-fourth Infantry; Captain Harry H. Pattison, Third Cavalry; Captain Isaac Jenks, Twenty-fourth Infantry; Lieutenant Robert L. Meador, Ninth Infantry; Lieutenant Fred E. Buchan, Third Cavalry, Adjutant; Captain John P. Finley, Ninth Infantry; Colonel Morris C. Foote, Twenty-eighth Infantry; Captain E.H. Plummer, Tenth Infantry, Quartermaster and Commissary; Major Edward R. Morris, Surgeon.

• 3.25 x 4.25 in. silver print, believed to be a portrait of M.C. Foote with another man.

• Photo album, brown leather spine and corners, green cloth on boards, spine marked M. C. Foote / U.S. Army in gilt lettering. Inscription on front endpaper: Morris C. Foote, Captain 9th Infty U.S. Army, Photographs of places visited in the summer of 1884. Contents include over 100 photos from England, Scotland, Paris, Switzerland, Germany, Austria, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Italy.

• 78 photos on thick cardstock, most approx. 5 x 6.75 in. The images look to document a societal gathering or reunion of some sort, possibly taken at Fort Laramie, although they lack identification.

• Pach Bros., New York, cabinet photograph of Frederick Mears signed as Lt. Colonel, 4th Infantry. Mears saw service in the Civil War and late Indian Wars.

• Kirkland, Cheyenne, WY, view of unidentified officers and their wives.

• 4 photos, 3 x 4 in., of an unidentified military camp scene.

In addition to the numerous photos, the archive features the following: • The Holy Bible Translated From The Latin Vulgate. New York: Edward Dunigan, 1844. Leather. With Some Family Records, including a note about M.C. Foote’s marriage to Annie Elizabeth Murphy in Morris’s own hand.

• Large foldout of Cooper Genealogy with original envelope addressed to Mrs. Morris C. Foote, dated June 20, 1900. Includes James Fenimore Cooper.

• 6 typed pages of “Morris” family history, with penciled notes.

• Calling card of Mrs. James Fenimore Cooper with address of 96 Western Avenue Corner Thurlow Terrace. Cooper’s wife, Susan Augusta De Lancey, died in 1852. Housed in envelope identified to Major M.C. Foote.

• 5 books/pamphlets pertaining to the history of Cooperstown and/or James Fenimore Cooper.

• Accordion folder with various legal documents belonging to William C. Foote, son, and Morris Cooper Foote, grandson. Included is a copy of the Last Will and Testament of Annie E. Foote—mother of William and wife of elder Morris Cooper Foote—which shows the provenance of the collection. $1,000 - $1,500

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153 13-Star Flag Made By Betsy Ross’ Great Granddaughter Lot of 2, featuring hand-sewn silk flag, 5.75 x 10.25 in., with 13 stars embroidered on canton. Hoist inscribed, Made by Sarah M. Wilson Great grand-daughter of Betsy Ross. Framed together with the inked note, Made May 16 - 1912/ East Wing of Independence Hall/ Philadelphia - Pennsylvania. 9.75 x 12.5 in. overall.

Accompanied by silk Stevengraph 1906 calendar featuring “Betsy Ross Making the First United States Flag” at center, 5.25 x 14.5 in. (sight), framed, 9.5 x 18.75 in. $1,000 - $1,500

154 13-Star American Parade Flag Cotton, 12 x 16 in., blue and red painted “Battle of Cowpens” pattern flag with 13 stars, including 1 large star surrounded by a circle of 12 stars. It appears that a stencil was used in painting the stars and stripes on the flag. Back of flag is not painted. Ca 1876 or later.. $1,500 - $2,500

155 21-star American Flag, Possibly Civil War or GAR Cotton, 49 x 76 in., with 21 embroidered stars and 9 hand-whipped and treadle-sewn stripes. 21-star flags date back to 1819, when James Monroe was President, and Illinois joined the Union as the 21st state.

However, the fabric and mode of construction of this flag suggest it was made in the 1860s-1870s. This may be an example of a “southernexclusionary” flag, where the number of stars represents the states that remained loyal to the Union. The maker of this flag probably was a member of the Wolf family, since the initial “W” is embroidered on the reverse of one of the handmade stars. The flag descended in the George and Caroline Wolf family of Randolph and later Jefferson Twp., Montgomery County, OH. According to Wolf descendants, this flag was displayed on the balcony of the Wolf’s farmhouse on Wolf Road in Jefferson Twp. every Independence Day for many years. The flag sold at a descendant’s auction in 2003. $1,000 - $1,500

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FLAGS & PATRIOTIC TEXTILES

156 23-Star American Flag Wool, 26.5 x 35.5 in., with 23 machine-sewn, double-applique stars configured in 5/4/5/4/5 horizontal rows. The fly is constructed of 13 machine-sewn stripes. Jute rope running through hoist end of flag.

Maine was admitted into the Union as the 23rd state on March 15th, 1820, and the 23-star flag represented the nation until Missouri

entered the Union on August 10, 1821. Over this brief period of approx. 5 months, few 23-star flags were made, and very few have survived up until now. Based on materials and construction, this flag was likely fabricated ca 1860s-1880. $3,000 - $5,000

157 26-Star American Parade Flag Cotton, approx. 11.75 x 20 in., with 26 printed stars arranged in 7/6/7/6 vertical rows. The fly consists of 13 printed stars. The flag appears to have been cut from a larger bolt of 26-star parade flags. Michigan, our 26th State, was admitted into the Union in 1837, but this flag was likely made in honor of the Michigan Centennial celebration, ca early 20th century.

From the Estate of Kenneth Erwin, Portland, Michigan $300 - $500 SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

JUNE 12, 2015 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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158 34-Star American Flag with Unique Star Pattern, Identified to 101st Pennsylvania Officer Cotton bunting, 51 x 72 in., with 34 hand-sewn, double-applique stars configured in unique, diamond-shaped pattern, with 2 stars extending from each side of the diamond. The fly is constructed of 13 hand-sewn stripes. The hoist end has five sets of ties for securing to a pole. Surrounded on three sides by white fringe.

Accompanying paperwork indicates that this flag belonged to Captain Charles W. May of Co. F, 101st Pennsylvania Infantry, and was originally found with his frock coat, waist belt, sash, fireman’s belt,

and GAR kepi. Charles W. May (1827-1910) was born near Wilkinsburg, Allegheny Co., PA, and was a 34-year-old steamboat mate living in Beaver County at the outbreak of the Civil War. He recruited Co. F himself in the autumn of 1861 and had them mustered into service in the final days of the year. Capt. May led his company through the battles at Yorktown, Williamsburg, and Fair Oaks, where they sustained their heaviest losses with 14 killed and 60 injured. He resigned January 17, 1863 at New Bern, NC, and returned home to continue his career on the river. $6,000 - $8,000

159 Rare 35-Star Double Wreath Civil War Period Parade Flag Glazed cotton, 19 x 29 in., with printed stars arranged in two circles around a central outlined star and a star in each corner of the canton. We have sold a few of the 34-star versions of this flag over the past 15 years, but this is the first 35-star example we have seen. The 35th star represents West Virginia, which was admitted to the Union June 20, 1863, right in the middle of the Civil War. Nevada became the 36th state less than a year and a half later, on October 31, 1864. $1,500 - $2,500

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FLAGS & PATRIOTIC TEXTILES

160 36-Star American Flag Wool, 60 x 105 in., with 36 hand-sewn, single-applique cotton stars configured in 6/6/6/6/6/6 horizontal rows. The fly is constructed of 13 hand-sewn stripes. Cotton hoist with 3 metal grommets. Ca 18641867, as Nevada was admitted as the 36th state in 1864 and Nebraska the 37th in 1867. $1,000 - $1,500

161 38-Star American Flag Cotton, 70 x 118 in., with 38 machine-sewn, double-applique stars configured in unusual pattern, featuring 1 large central star surrounded by at least a double medallion, with 17 stars along the perimeter of the canton. The fly is constructed of 13 machine-sewn stripes. The fabric and mode of construction of this flag suggest it was made in the 1870s-1890s. Jennie McCabe, whose name is written in pencil along both the upper and bottom borders, may be the maker.

Patriotism ran strong among US citizens after the Civil War. This example is thought to be a US Centennial flag. 38-star flags date

back to 1876, when James Garfield was President, and Colorado (represented by the large star in the center of the field) joined the Union as the 38th state. Other Presidents who served under this flag were Rutherford B. Hayes, Chester A. Arthur, Grover Cleveland, and Benjamin Harrison. This flag was purchased at Mrs. Kenneth (Bertha) Swank’s auction in Darke County, OH, in 1996. $1,000 - $1,500

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JUNE 12, 2015 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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162 40-Star American Flag Wool, 48 x 80 in., with 40 machine-sewn, double-applique cotton stars configured in 8/8/8/8/8 horizontal rows. The fly is constructed of 13 machine-sewn stripes.

Cotton hoist with jute rope. Very rare, unofficial star count. South Dakota, the 40th state, joined the Union on November 2, 1889, and was followed six days later by the 41st state, Montana. Ca 1889. $500 - $700

163 41-Star Flag Representing Montana Statehood, Extremely Rare Cotton, 78 x 123 in., with 41 machine-sewn, double-applique stars configured in unusual pattern featuring 1 central star and cluster of 5 stars in each corner of canton, with remaining stars arranged in horizontal rows. A small star is stitched near top left corner of canton and includes the initials and date, Z.W. Co. (?)/ 1889. The fly is constructed of 13 machine-sewn stars. Cotton hoist with jute rope also includes 6 whip-stitched eyelets.

On November 2, 1889, North and South Dakota became the 39th and 40th states respectively, and only six days later, on November 8, Montana entered the Union as the 41st state. Within three days, 112

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Washington became the 42nd state. Although many anticipated the Dakotas being inducted as two different states, the speedy and unexpected addition of four states over a period of nine days provided little time for any flag making to occur. Because the 41-starcount was accurate over a period of only three days, it was considered an unofficial star count. Nevertheless, celebrations would have been held when Montana entered statehood, and 41-star flags such as this were most likely produced for the festivities. Research indicates that there are approx. 20 known examples of 41-star flags, making this an extremely rare, period flag. (Information obtained from Jeff Bridgman Antique Flags, September 16, 2013.) $1,500 - $2,500 BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

FLAGS & PATRIOTIC TEXTILES 164 Flag of the President of the United States, 1916-1945 Silk, 72 x 116 in., with gold fringe, sewn silk stars and embroidered presidential coat of arms. This presidential standard was introduced by President Wilson in 1916 and altered by President Truman in 1945, and used throughout the terms of Presidents Harding, Coolidge, Hoover, and Franklin Delano Roosevelt. The president’s flag is typically displayed in the Oval Office and in official photographs, flown on the president’s motorcade and at certain presidential appearances, and also used in the funeral processions of former presidents. $2,000 - $4,000

165 US Post Office Stamp Advertising Banners on Silk, Group of Four Lot of 4 painted banners, oil lightly applied on silk, depicting US postage stamps or scenes that relate to the US Postal Service. Each banner measures approx.

33 x 54 in., and includes canvas backing with fringed edges, staff at top. The banners include the following artwork: Two Cent US Postage Stamp, with profile portrait of George Washington; Ten Cent US Special Postal Delivery Stamp; banner with two scenes, the top showing a post-Revolutionary War, mounted US Mail carrier, traveling past a log cabin, dated 1789 below, with additional panel added bearing 1795 date, the bottom showing a US Fast Mail train, dated 1896 below; and a view of a horse-drawn mail wagon traveling down a dirt road.

Although the origin of these banners is unknown, it has been suggested that they were created for promotional purposes and were displayed at a branch of the US Post Office. It is also possible that they were produced for an event held in honor of the US Postal Service. Even though the banners are in need of restoration, they are certainly an unusual discovery. $1,000 - $1,500

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166 Runaway Slave Reward Broadside, Maryland, 1802 Printed broadside on laid paper, 7.25 x 9 in., headed Forty Dollars Reward...for capture of Negro Harry and Negro Len of Maryland, their physical appearances described in detail, issued by Harry and Len’s masters, James and Baker Johnson, dated October 23, 1802. Fredericktown, MD. Printed by John P. Thomson. With added manuscript on verso referring to a transfer of land deeds.

An exceedingly rare, early reward broadside for runaway slaves.

William Gladstone Collection of Early Photography & African Americana $6,000 - $8,000

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SLAVERY & THE AFRICAN AMERICAN EXPERIENCE

167 Slave Plantation Ledger and Related Papers from Loudoun County, Virginia, Most Entries by George Stephenson Ayre, 18541858 The lot features an exceptional slave plantation ledger, most entries identified to George Stephenson Ayre, whose plantation was a “safe house” for Col. John S. Mosby’s raiders and the scene of the cavalry battle of Upperville in June 1863. The ledger is accompanied by an unrelated list of Confederate dead and wounded soldiers of the 8th VA Infy., plus some newspaper clippings.

The ledger is titled, “Plantation & Farm: Instruction, Regulation, Record, Inventory and Account Book for the use of the Estate of [manuscript] George S. Ayre.” By a Southern Planter. Richmond, Virginia: J.W. Randolph, 1852. Approx. 8.5 x 10.5 in.

The first 19 or so pages of the book are instructions on managing a plantation - from managing livestock, rotating crops, planting distances, pounds to a bushel of various products, “Rules for the Government and Discipline of the Negroes,” books that should be included in a reference library to be available to managers including medical references and medicines on hand, and even some physics (how long does a lever have to be to move a rock, for ex.). Then the pre-printed sheets have inventories of negroes, stock and implements, daily record, daily record of cotton picked, etc.

The journal is filled in for Rose Hill plantation, Loudoun County, VA for 1854. Pencil notation on front endpaper reads: “A Confederate Soldier name unknown was found Wednesday night June 24th (he had been killed in the fight of Sunday). Light hair, light mustache, no beard.

Had on grey jacket, light pants, boots, light brown shirt, brown with red and blue stripes; red neck cloth made of a piece of sword-sash; light felt hat. Wooden buttons on jacket. Burried him where he was found under an oak tree alongside a rail fence, running along a wheat field. G.S. Ayre.”

This would have been the cavalry battle between the forces of Maj. Gen. JEB Stuart and Brig. Gen. Alfred Pleasonton on 21 June 1863 as JEB Stuart’s forces hid along the fence lines on the Trappe Road - likely Ayre’s fences among them. This action in part screened the movements of Robert E. Lee as he moved north into Pennsylvania, pulling Union forces away from the main body of the ANV. Of the journal pages, Ayre has listed “only” ten slaves, total valuation, $5200. Journal entries include: [week of Jan 2, 1854] “All hands well and in place this morning...William & Tom hauling hay and feeding stock...Mrs. Ayre up to day for the first time for three days. Geo. started to school to Miss Lanham...All hands are yet at work on the cob mill. Sent three horses Walker’s shop to shoe...Triplett fixing threshing machine...cutting wood & fencing...” [week Jan. 23] “Old Billy went to Rail Road and exchanged some wheat for Gibson...Mr Cumings died to day from a kick of a horse yesterday.” [week Feb. 20th] “It was with great difficulty the cattle could

be fed today. It is the deepest snow that I have ever seen averaging in the woods clear of drift 26 to 30 inches. All hands done nothing today but feed and brake [sic] tracks... The hands could do nothing not even feed but turned the cattle into the straw stacks...Nothing done but set in the house and read... The run was out of its banks but done no damage.” [week March 20] “Two & four horse wagon went to R.Road and fetched home Guano... Planted the potatoes and sowed the oats and in the evening had two plows running in corn land ... The hands plowing and clearing off land from Day to Dark.”

Ayres has also filled in some expenses for the year (pp 94-98). In place of cotton picked he has recorded work and the house and stone fencing. On p. 125 is a note: “I and my Father shook hands with Gen. Lafayette in Washington City in the fall of 1824 and he pated [sic] me on my head and congratulated me on making this country my future home.

Geo. Stephenson Ayre.”

Ayre has included an autobiographical pamphlet (4pp) (1899) and a longer booklet (14pp) with expanded details of the same information (1904) giving his view of the wrongs done to him during the war, in part seeking compensation. Also included are financial reports giving a detailed account of his losses.

Included among the papers stuck in the journal when found is a manuscript list of “Casualties in the 8th Virginia Regiment,” suffered in a series of battles during the June Peninsular Campaign (Seven Pines to Gaines Mill). The 8th VA served with Pickett’s Brigade in Longstreet’s Division of the ANV. It is not clear what the relationship is, but there were two members of this unit with the last name “Ayre,” J.T. and William Thomas. The list of killed and wounded indicates that J.T. Ayre was wounded “in the shoulder badly.” The page has been folded into eighths, as if to fit in a common envelope of the day. Many of the men in the 8th VA were from Loudoun County, and even if J.T. was not a brother, he could have been a cousin or nephew. William Thomas was Ayre’s oldest son (the 1860 Census says “William F.” but this is likely an erroneous transcription of “T”). Although not on this list, HDS shows him as wounded on Darbytown Road, 6/30/1862, then again at Gettysburg on the 3rd day with a gunshot wound to the abdomen.

Since he was badly wounded, he was taken prisoner, and died of his wounds as a POW on July 25.

George Stephenson Ayre was born 10 December 1817 in County Durham, England. His mother was a niece of the English engineer, George Stephenson, and the younger man was apparently named for him (George Stephenson had no children of his own, and likely doted on his nieces and nephews). Thomas Ayre, George’s father, came to Washington City in 1819 and worked with John Seaford laying out and grading the streets of the city. Mary Ayre and her children followed in 1821.

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George married Mary Ann Benton (1823-1904) of Loudoun County in 1841. The couple first lived in Fauquier County before purchasing the farm in Loudoun County (“Ayreshire”). Setbacks during the Civil War resulted in the loss of his plantation eventually. He died in 1912.

George Ayre in large part blamed the Federals for his losses on the plantation. Federal soldiers arrived and arrested him, robbing him of $70,000 Virginia Bank money and $9,000 Wheeling Bank money, as well as the deed for the farm, for which the money was intended.

Indeed, when released from prison after nine months, he found his farm occupied by one Martin Maddox, who refused to leave. It took a court to rule that the land still belonged to Ayre, but Maddox still refused to leave. Ayre ended up giving Maddox $2000 to leave.

Maddox took it and finally left, but this again added to Ayre’s debt.

The man who “robbed” Ayre, one Captain Todd, was arrested, tried, convicted and dismissed from service. He took what did not belong to him and did not turn it over to the War Department. However, the consignor has done some research on this issue and argued that confiscation of property may have been justified (not for personal gain, however).

It would appear that Ayre’s second son, George Hyde Ayre, listed as 14 years of age in 1860 (born 1846), joined one of the units that rode with Col. John Singleton Mosby as soon as he came of age. He was certainly riding with Mosby in Feb. 1864, when it was recorded that his horse was shot. Ayreshire was within Mosby’s territory, north of Upperville in Loudoun County. Mosby is also known to have spent time in the Ayre home. Many of the plantations in the area were “safe houses” for Mosby and his men, and on many occasions Mosby came to dinner at Ayreshire or at least stopped in for the coffee which George S. kept on hand. One of Mosby’s biographers, James J. Williamson (“Mosby’s Rangers: A Record of Operations....”) specifically credits George S. Ayre for aiding in filling in details where the author’s records were lacking. As a Confederate supporter and sympathizer, Ayre was subject to losing his property. He was certainly not alone in this.

A view of the war from the border regions, from the standpoint of a Confederate. For a detailed look at the journal pages which are filled in and the pamphlets in the lot, go to: http://www.historybroker.com/ collection/ayre/index.htm. $4,000 - $6,000

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SLAVERY & THE AFRICAN AMERICAN EXPERIENCE 168 1858 Letter Concerning Slave Bought from Nathaniel Bedford Forrest’s Slave Trade and Auction Business ALS, 1p. Dated June 8, 1858. From Duck Hill, Carroll Co., Mississippi.

Addressed to Mr. Wm. Belincoat. In the letter, the writer, T. I. Edmondson, inquires about an unsound Negro slave bought from Mr. J. N. Forrest. John N. Forrest was Nathan Bedford Forrest’s crippled younger brother employed as a clerk in his Memphis Slave Auction Company.

Edmondson writes: I have taken the liberty to address you concerning a negro that I BOUGHT OF J. N. FORREST OF MEMPHIS TENNESSEE on the 10th of May last.

Which negro was warrented to be sound in body & mind and has proved to be unsound.

The negro says he belonged to you and had belonged to James T. Miller & was borned and raised in Willmington, NC. He says he was carried to Memphis Tenn and sold or LEFT WITH MR. FORREST TO BE SOLD & he does not know which. The Negro is named Jim, black or very Dark, 20 or 30 years of age, will weigh about 130 or 140 pounds, has some scars on the back of his head, one tooth out in front, steps quick when he walks.

He seemed to have ordinary mind when I bought him but in a few days HAD A FIT & then in about a week had another & HIS MIND HAS NOT BEEN GOOD SINCE./ If you will please give me the condition of this Boys mind and health while he lived in Willmington.

John N. Forrest (1822-1876) served and fought in the Mexican War as a Private in Company C, 1st Battalion Mississippi Rifles. While fighting in the war, John was shot and paralyzed in his legs. He became a gambler in Memphis, TN, and worked as a jailer and as a clerk for his brother Nathan. John died in 1876 near Dresden, Marshall County, TN. This 1858 letter was probably written by Thomas I. Edmondson of Carroll County, MS (b. 1827). The letter references a “James T. Miller,”

and research indicates that there was a Colonel James T. Miller who served during the Civil War as Collector of the Port of Wilmington.

For over 20 years, he was also chairman of the County Court of New Hanover County, and represented that County in the NC Legislature.

In 1862, Col. Miller died of Yellow Fever in Wilmington. It is unknown if this is the same “James T. Miller.” A William C. Bellincourt was appointed Postmaster of Wilmington, NC, in the 1840s. $500 - $700

169 Anti-Slavery Broadside, Dan’l O’Connell on Democracy!, October 1863 Printed broadside, 11.75 x 18.75 in., featuring the heading, Dan’l O’Connell on DEMOCRACY!, followed by an appeal written by the great Irish orator in 1843 to the Irish Repeal Association in Cincinnati. Daniel O’Connell states, in part, The spirit of democratic liberty is defiled by the continuance of negro slavery in the United States. The broadside lists nine different reasons for Irishmen to vote on behalf of freedom and not on behalf of slavery. This 1843 appeal was published on October 13, 1863, following the New York City Race Riots between Irishmen and the African Americans in July 1863. Sold by Sinclair Tousey of New York City, who founded the American News Company.

William Gladstone Collection of Early Photography & African Americana $1,000 - $1,500

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SLAVERY & THE AFRICAN AMERICAN EXPERIENCE 170 Charley Gardner’s Gun Boat Minstrels!, Illustrated Broadside, 1864 Broadside, 9 x 23.75 in., promoting Charley Gardner’s Gun Boat Minstrels!/ The Star Troupe of the World...which...as organized, enables them to present in a superb manner, Vocal and Instrumental Music, Burlesque Opera, Dramatic Travesties, National Drolleries, together with the Lights and Shadows, Humors and Oddities of Southern Plantation Life! Featuring a 5 x 8 in. illustration of Gardner’s Gun Boat Minstrels performing in blackface at center. Dated June 30, 1864. Printed by Cincinnati Daily Commercial Steam Job Press.

This fine, illustrated broadside descended directly in the family of Peter Marks, a harpist that worked in the minstrel show circuit, ca 1860-1863. A portion of Peter Marks Minstrelsy Collection is housed at the Smithsonian’s National Museum of American History. $500 - $700

171 H.P. Moore Photograph of Freed Slaves, Edisto Island, South Carolina Albumen photograph, 5.25 x 7 in., mounted, 6.5 x 9.5 in., attributed to Henry P. Moore. Taken in the spring of 1862 on James Hopkinson’s plantation, Edisto Island, SC. Concord, NH, photographer Henry P. Moore traveled to South Carolina and Georgia in 1862-1863 to visit the 3rd New Hampshire Regiment, and during that trip, he had the opportunity to photograph soldiers in camp, Navy warships, sailors, and former slaves at work. The photographs he produced at this time provide a more candid, straightforward look at the lives of soldiers and freed slaves alike in these southern states. $800 - $1,200

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172 Slave Children of New Orleans, Five CDVs Plus Woodcut Illustration Lot includes 5 CDVs, offered with a complete issue of Harper’s Weekly for January 30, 1864, featuring the full-page woodcut illustration, “Emancipated Slaves, White and Colored...” Plus a photostatic copy of the extensive and profusely illustrated article, “Portraits of Slave Children” by Kathleen Collins, from the July-September, 1985, issue of History of Photography.

The following subjects are included: CDV of African American slave, Wilson Chinn, reading to 3 young, fair-skinned slaves, captioned Learning is Wealth/Wilson, Charley, Rebecca & Rosa,/Slaves from New Orleans, verso imprint of Chas. Paxson, New York, series No. 6, 1864 copyright line; 2 views of Rebecca, A Slave Girl from New Orleans, including “Oh! How I Love the Old Flag,” series No. 5, by Paxson, and a vignetted, profile view by J.E. McClees, Philadelphia, 1863; and 2 CDVs of Fannie Virginia Casseopia Lawrence/ A redeemed Slave Child, 5 years of age. Redeemed in Virginia...baptized in Brooklyn...by Henry Ward Beecher, May, 1863, one by DeLamater, the other by Kellogg Brothers, each from Hartford, CT, and dated 1863. Three of the cartes also include the appeal, The nett proceeds from the sale of these photographs will be devoted to the education of Colored People in the department of the Gulf, now under the command of Maj. Gen’l Banks.

Several CDVs of this type were sold by the National Freedman’s Association in 1864 and 1865 in order to garner the support of Northern whites who had no sympathy for black slaves, but were shocked and outraged at the sight of white slaves. The children in the photograph appear in other photographs and periodical articles of this time and are described as the immoral offspring of a slave-owner and one of his light-complexioned slaves, who was probably born in the same manner. $800 - $1,200 SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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SLAVERY & THE AFRICAN AMERICAN EXPERIENCE 173 American Freedmen’s Bureau Letter Written to Gen. O.O. Howard, 1867 ALS from Benjamin Coates, 2pp. Dated Feb. 25, 1867.

Philadelphia, on Pennsylvania Branch, American Freedmen’s Union Commission letterhead. Addressed to Genl. O.O. Howard.

The American Freedmen’s Union Commission was organized in the North and its members raised money, organized schools, recruited teachers, and collected textbooks to educate African Americans in the south and to assist Southerners - white and black - in building a new life. As one of the largest Northern organizations working in the South, the Commission worked closely with the US Government’s Freedmen’s Bureau. Its proper name was the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands.

This letter was written to Howard as Chief of the Freedmen’s Bureau, which was organized to assist freed slaves in gaining prosperity with land, schooling, and voter rights. Mr. Coates, the writer, is asking Howard for his assistance in reclaiming confiscated lands in Lynchburg, VA, being for a friend whose wife owned the property prior to the Civil War. He states that she was loyal to the United States despite being a Virginian. The lands had been taken over during the war by the Confederates as a hospital, and now used by the Union as Camp Davis, after being seized as property of Rebels. Coates writes of his verification of loyalty of the Haithorne family. He wants the government to return the land to her.

174 Buffalo Soldiers, Panoramic Photograph of Infantry Regiment in Formation Albumen photograph, 8 x 20 in., copyrighted lower right in the negative by Underwood and Underwood, 1905, on photographer’s original mount, framed, 12.75 x 27.5 in. A panoramic photograph showing a regiment of infantry on parade grounds. The band can be seen at left, as well as lieutenants standing in front of their companies

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Oliver O. Howard (1818-1909), a corps commander who compiled a mixed service record during the Civil War. He was a strict abolitionist during the war and zealous proponent of the black man afterwards, becoming the first commissioner of the Freedman’s Bureau in 1865.

He was the founder and served as President of Howard University from 1869-1874.

William Gladstone Collection of Early Photography & African Americana $500 - $700

with their officers on their mounts. The enlisted men stand at attention with their rifles in the order arms position. On the far right, an ambulance pulled by a pair of white horses is visible, as well as two groups of stretcher bearers. A squad of colored soldiers in fancy dress, standing at attention with their rifles at their side, can also be seen at far right.

William Gladstone Collection of Early Photography & African Americana $500 - $700

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175 Buffalo Soldier & Regimental Baseball Player and Aficionado, James O. Harrison, Personal Scrapbook Quarto scrapbook, 8 x 13 in., with marbled paper boards, 152pp, of which 44 contains text or clippings. Signed several times throughout

by Pvt. James O. Harrison (b.1881), Co. D, 25th US Infantry. Harrison enlisted in the famous Buffalo Soldier regiment on Jan. 29, 1907, and was honorably discharged January 29, 1910. His three years of army service is documented in the scrapbook with notes and ephemera from the Philippines, where he spent the majority of his enlistment, as well as Nagasaki, Japan, and Fort Lawton in Seattle, and much of the content relates to his primary hobbies – baseball and poetry.

Pvt. Harrison enjoyed to write and refers to himself as the “Prince of Poetry of Post of Parang PI Baseball League 25 US Infantry,” and the book includes an original poem regarding regimental baseball, an alternate version of “Casey at the Bat,” and two original songs, all produced during his duty in the Philippines. The regimental baseball league he played on was of a very high quality, with top-level players including Negro League Hall of Famer Joe “Bullet” Rogan and victories of white army teams which sported major league talent. As a fan, Harrison showed interest in both the Negro Leagues and the Major Leagues, and the book includes numerous newspaper and magazine clippings of pictures of prominent players and baseball news, especially related to the Detroit Tigers.

The scrapbook also includes four original photos of Buffalo Soldiers and white officers ; images of Teddy Roosevelt and his four children;

Philippine postcards; cigar bands; military news; two pages devoted to famous boxers; general orders; and more. For a full page-by-page inventory, please go to cowans.com. $1,000 - $1,500

176 Rare World War I Colored Protective Services Uplift Poster Lithograph poster featuring a portrait of a World War I-period, Private First Class African American soldier, captioned Our Heroes / Welcome Home, 9.5 x 11.5 in. (sight), framed, 12.5 x 14.5 in. The soldier is shown wearing an American helmet, although he would have worn a French helmet while serving under French command. He has a gas mask carrier around his neck, a “Croix de Guerre” medal on his tunic, and a 92nd Infantry Division patch on his shoulder. Bottom margin copyrighted 1919 by the Colored Protective Association, Philadelphia, PA. William Gladstone Collection of Early Photography & African Americana $500 - $700

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177 I Am a Man, 1968 AFSCME Sanitation Strike, Memphis, TN, Commemorative Poster Black and white poster, 14 x 19.875 in., boldly headed, I AM A MAN/ AFSCME...The 1968 AFSCME SANITATION STRIKE/ Memphis, Tennessee, featuring an image of two Memphis Union workers at center, identified as Rev. Theodore Hibbler and Ted Brown, possibly after a photograph produced by Ernest Withers, a Memphis, TN, native. The image has also been attributed to Richard Copley, a photographer employed by AFSCME, the union that sponsored the striking sanitation workers. Copley was asked to document the Spring 1968 protests in Memphis as well as Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr.’s speech, which was given to the sanitation workers on March 18, 1968. The workers were fighting for better pay and improved safety standards after two Memphis garbage collectors were crushed to death by their truck’s trash compactor. (Information obtained from NBC News article, “MLK and Me, How Rookie Photographer Captured History,” by Christina Caron, April 4, 2013.)

This poster was produced by Allied Printing Trades Council, Memphis, TN, and hung in the offices of AFSCME in Memphis in 1978, on the 10th anniversary of the sanitation strike. The number “78” appears next to the Allied Printing logo, indicating that this was printed in 1978. $4,000 - $6,000

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178 Whole Plate Ambrotype of Tourists at Niagara Falls Full plate ambrotype made from Prospect Point in New York looking over the American and Bridal Veil Falls to Horseshoe Falls on the Canadian side, with two women and a gentleman in a white top hat posed in the foreground taking in the view. Probably by Platt D.

Babbitt, who produced hundreds of images from the same vantage point during the ambrotype era of the mid-to-late 1850s. Babbitt was known to defend this spot vigorously and reportedly hired boys to walk around with giant umbrellas to block the shots of rival photographers. Housed in a pressed-paper case. $1,000 - $1,500

179 Outstanding Sixth Plate Daguerreotype of a Fireman A wonderful sixth plate cased daguerreotype with a full-length portrait of a young bearded fireman in red-tinted, double-breasted uniform shirt. He wears a leather helmet with shield having “1” over lettering that appears to read “OFD” in reverse. He has an early style leather fireman’s belt and has fabric banner across chest reading “COMMITTEE.” Housed in a full embossed case with original seals made of a cut-up and reused US Federal printed document.

The helmet in this photograph is similar to those of Jacobus Turck, of NYC, who created a leather stovepipe-shaped hat for the city in 1740. This leather form was later improved by Matthew DuBois, who included iron wire in rim to stabilize its shape. Further research may discover the origin of this fire department. The photo descended in a family from the western NY/PA border area (Sugar Grove, PA). $1,500 - $2,000

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180 Half Plate Daguerreotype of the Rutgers Female Institute’s 1851 Graduating Class Half plate daguerreotype of 17 female students and one male educator. Housed in a pressed-paper case with pencil identification under the plate Graduating Class / Rutgers 1851.

Accompanying the image is a Class of 1851 roster copied from an 1864 publication titled Celebration of the Twenty-Fifth Anniversary of the Rutgers Female Institute. All women are listed as being from New York City, except one student from Newtown, Long Island, and one from Springfield, Mass. The man is likely Charles E. West, who served as principal of Rutgers Female Institute for its first 12 years, ending in

1851. The school was incorporated in 1838 by 15 trustees including William H. Crosby, who suggested the name to honor Henry Rutgers (1745-1830), a colonel in the American Revolution on whose former land the original campus was built at Nos. 238-244 Madison Street in New York City. It outgrew its original location and moved to 487-491 Fifth Avenue in the 1860s, and was at some point renamed Rutgers Female College. Texts of commencement addresses appear into the 1890s but the ultimate fate of the school is unclear. The archivist at Rutgers University in New Jersey informed us he knows of no relationship between the two institutions besides both being named after the same benefactor. $1,500 - $2,500 181 Sixth Plate Daguerreotype of Aged Woman with African American Servant Sixth plate daguerreotype of an older white woman seated with her African-American servant standing at her side. The servant is welldressed for the photograph and wears a gold-tinted pocket watch.

She poses with her arm around the white woman, who holds a photograph case in one hand. Image housed under mat and glass in a geometric/scroll Union case. $1,000 - $1,500

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EARLY PHOTOGRAPHY 182 Sixth Plate Daguerreotype of a Young Man with Concertina Sixth plate daguerreotype of a young gentleman posed with a concertina or accordion. Housed in a pressed-paper case. $500 - $700

183 Antoine Claudet Stereodaguerreotype of British Captain R.B. Chichester Hand-colored stereodaguerreotype with the verso printed label of London photographer Antoine Claudet, with inked identification on the label, Captain R.B. Chichester, 81st Regt. Capt. Chichester poses seated with sword in one hand, gloves in the other, and 81st Regiment shako displayed on the table beside him. Nicely handtinted red jacket and numerous gilt accents, and the drapes in the background lightly tinted green. Accompanied by several pages of research on the subject.

Robert Bruce Chichester was born May 3, 1825 in London and commissioned an ensign in the 81st Regiment of Foot in October 1843. He achieved the rank of lieutenant in 1847 and captain in 1851, likely the year this image was made. Chichester then became major in 1865, lieutenant colonel in 1870, brevet colonel in 1875, and retired in 1879. He spent most of his career in India and Pakistan, with service in the Indian Uprising of 1857, and was put in temporary command of Fort Peshawar in Pakistan from July 1859 to April 1859. As brevet colonel, he commanded the 81st Foot during the Second AngloAfghan War and was involved in the capture of Ali Masjid. $800 - $1,000

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EARLY PHOTOGRAPHY 184 Samuel Broadbent, Finely Hand-Painted Ivorytype of a Gentleman Attractive, hand-painted ivorytype of an unidentified, distinguished looking gentleman, 6 x 8.25 in., signed near the subject’s right elbow, F.A. Wenderoth 1859. Housed in original frame, with Broadbent & Co’s Ivorytype, Photograph, Daguerreotype, and Ambrotype Gallery, No. 814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia paper label on frame backing, 9.5 x 11.5 in. overall. The label notes that the Ivorytype was invented by Mr. Broadbent’s partner, Mr. Wenderoth. There are positively none made elsewhere. Any others offered as such, are not even an imitation.

Wenderoth, a native of Hesse Cassel, now part of present-day Germany, was an academically trained artist who traveled to the US in 1849 and eventually settled in Philadelphia in 1857 to paint photographs and experiment with the medium, which resulted in the invention of the ivorytype. He subsequently introduced the photo-miniature. $800 - $1,200

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185 Fine Collection of Ohio Large Format Albumen Photographs, Including Muskingham Valley Scenes by Butterworth, and Views of Cadwallader’s Studio Lot of 9 albumen photographs, 5 of which are impressive views of the Muskingum Valley near Marietta, OH, each 10 x 13.75 in., on 16.25 x 20.25 in. mount with applied paper labels featuring printed title and C. Butterworth’s, Wilmington, OH, credit. The following views are included, as titled on label: No. 2 - Bird’s-eye view of Marietta, showing Kerr’s Island and Williamstown, West Virginia, in the distance; No. 3 - General View of Marietta, Ohio, from Harmer Hill, looking up the Ohio, showing Kerr’s Island; No. 5 - Marietta City Park on the bank of the Muskingum, Soldiers’ Monument in the foreground; No. 19 - Ridgeway’s House, Underground Railway Depot, “in the Forties”; No. 47 - View on 126

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the Muskingum, looking up. Stockport in the distance. Site of Big Bottom Massacre by the Indians in 1790.

An 1893 Annual Report from the Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society, discovered by the consignor, indicates that these 5 photographs by Charles Butterworth were likely part of a larger series of 132 produced and displayed at the World’s Columbian Exposition in Chicago, 1893. The report states in part, that... “the Secretary of the Society, suggested that it would be a good thing if the cities of Dresden, Zanesville, McConnellsville, Malta, and Marietta prepare a series of photographs illustrating the Muskingum River Valley. This was especially appropriate, from the fact that on this river was made the first settlement of Americans in the Northwest Territory. He suggested that the Boards of Trade, or commercial organizations of these towns, BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

EARLY PHOTOGRAPHY have these photographs made, and give to the Ohio Society copies of each for exhibition at the World’s Fair...”

Accompanied by 4 photographs of the Washington County Pioneers Association of Ohio, ranging in size from 8.5 x 12 in. to 10.5 x 16 in., on larger mounts bearing printed or written captions, dating from 1870-1883. This portion of the collection includes an exceptional group portrait taken in front of the studio of noted photographer JD Cadwallader, 10.5 x 16 in., on 14 x 16.75 in. mount with printed title, Pioneer Association of Washington County, Ohio, credit to Cadwallader lower left, and April 7, 1870 date lower right. Two other group portraits of members of the association are also taken in front of “Cadwallader’s Fine Art Gallery,” but the sign is only partially visible in one of the photographs, dated February 22, 1870.

The members included in this image are identified on mount in pencil. The fourth group portrait, dated April 7, 1883, was taken in an interior setting, possibly an auditorium. $3,000 - $5,000

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186 Alexander Gardner Large Format Albumen Photographs of Washington, DC Lot of 6 large format albumen photographs of Washington, DC landmarks by Alexander Gardner. Subjects include the White House from the northeast; the US Capitol from the northeast; the Treasury Building, from the southwest and from the north, the latter showing

the newly completed North Wing and dated June 11, 1869, the Patent Office Building, and a building identified on the mount as Old War Department / Treasury Colonnade. White House photograph is 6.625 x 8.5 in., mounted, 12 x 15 in., others approx. 10 x 14 in. prints, mounted, approx. 15 x 19.75 in. $1,500 - $2,500

187 Albumen Photograph of Alpine View Featuring Finsteraarhorn, by Bisson Bros., Ca 1860s Albumen print, 13.25 x 17.5 in., on 20 x 24 in. mount, penciled just below the print, FinsterAarhorn from the Aarglazier. Negative by Bisson Freres, ca early 1860s. A richly toned mountainscape, with exceptional contrast and clarity. $2,000 - $3,000

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188 Vues de Saigon, Rare 1870s Photograph Album of Vietnam Album, 10.25 x 14.5 in., half-leather covers with gilt spine and cover imprints Vues De Saigon. Includes 32 albumen photographs, one per page, ranging from 4.5 x 6.5 to 9.5 x 13.5 in. The first view is a portrait of a high-ranking military officer with unintelligible Cambodian script in the lower margin. Other subjects include: eleven views of the Norodom Palace from various angles; three views of shipping operations in the port and river; two of a large three-mast ship in dry dock; one of a passenger river steamer; one showing hundreds of laborers working on a canal; two are captioned Convent de Carmelites; and the remainder show various scenes around the city.

The album lacks owner’s identification and only the photographs of the palace are credited, with Jugant in the negative, though we could not find a record of a photographer by that name. The album likely dates to the late 1870s, as the palace was completed in 1875. The images of the palace, however, differ in style, size, and quality for many of the others, which seem similar in style to images made by French artist Emile Gsell (1838-1879), who produced many early images of Saigon and Cochinchina in the 1860s and 1870s. Hong Kong photographer Pan Lun also had a branch in Saigon and was active circa late-1860s to 1880s. $3,000 - $5,000

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189 Album of Turn-of-the-20th-Century Photographs of Japan Album, 34pp, each 10 x 12 in., containing a total of 132 Kodak No. 2 prints. All pages contained in a portfolio with half-leather covers with the gilt title JAPAN. The photographs document a journey in Japan by an unidentified American or British traveler. White travelers only appear in a couple of the photographs, and a good portion show architecture, but the majority are street scenes and photographs of residents working and going about their daily life. Most of the content is from Tokyo and Kobe, with other views in Nikko, Yokohama, Osaka, and the roads and rails in between.

Most photographs are captioned in ink on the album pages and show such subjects as: Our guide, “Kobe”; several views of mountain roads and scenery; several views of various temples; scenes off the Japanese coast and in the harbors; views of village, town, and city street scenes; views of Japanese women and children, including a series of views of children with humorous reactions to getting their picture taken; Yokohama Harbor; Shipping at Kobe; House of European, Kobe; view of the Hiogo Hotel in Kobe; a Tea house; Horse with straw shoes; work views such as Carrying wood to market, Driving logs, and Unloading stone; Rice fields from railway; Rice drying; views of the palace walls and grounds in Tokyo; Sacred Bridge, Nikko; a chain gang; a Japanese garden; the group descending the Hozu River; and more. $2,000 - $3,000

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EARLY PHOTOGRAPHY 190 Album of Turn-of-the-20th-Century Photographs of Egypt Album, 27pp, 11 x 13.5 in., with four Kodak No. 2 prints on each page except the last for a total of 106 photographs. All pages contained in a portfolio with half-leather covers with the gilt title EGYPT. The photographs document a journey in Egypt by an unidentified American or British traveler. White travelers only appear in a couple of the photographs, with the vast majority split between ancient ruins, travel down the Nile River, and Egyptian people and street scenes.

Most photographs are captioned in ink on the album pages and show such subjects as ruins in Luxor, Abu Simbel, Philae, Karnak, Thebes, and Giza, including the Sphinx and Great Pyramid; several views of various types of boats on the Nile; several views of village bazaars, including a view titled Curios for sale showing an Egyptian boy displaying a mummified human head; and several street scenes in Cairo and small Egyptian towns and villages, many of which feature a single resident posing for the camera. $2,000 - $3,000

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191 Album of Turn-of-the-20th-Century Photographs of India Album, 46pp, each 11 x 12.5 to 14 in., containing a total of 164 Kodak No. 2 prints and one 8.75 x 11.75 in. photograph of travelers and their guides riding elephants. All pages contained in a portfolio with half-leather covers with the gilt title INDIA. The photographs document a journey in India by an unidentified American or British traveler. White travelers only appear in a handful of the photographs, and architecture and landscapes comprise only a minority. The traveler’s main intent was clearly to capture the people and ways of life in India, and as such the photographs largely show street scenes and residents working and going about their daily life. Most of the content is from the northern regions of India including Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh, though the traveler made stops in several other regions. Featured cities include Amer (Amber), Jaipur (Jeypore), Delhi, Darjeeling, Chennai (Madras), Mumbai (Bombay), Calcutta, and Varanasi (Benares).

Other selected subjects, many captioned in ink on the album pages beneath the photographs, include: Going to Amber (Amer), showing a team of pack elephants; Raja’s Pet, showing an especially large elephant; a bird’s-eye-view of Amber; Baksheesh, showing a group of beggars; Street barber; Iron Column, Delhi; views of the Qutb Minar; Street in Jeypore (Jaipur); Landing at Madras; Darjeeling train; Shawl dealer from Kashmere, Lucknow; several views of various Conveyances in India; Ox with water bags; Buffalo loaded with wood; shaving on banks of the Ganges; Wedding procession, Delhi; Indian country house; Hindoo Boy; Funeral service in Mosque, Delhi; Tomb of Akbar; Railway Scenes; Grain market; and many more. $2,000 - $3,000

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192 Charming Cabinet Card Portraits of Dogs, Including View of Unusual Photographer and his Subject Lot of 4 cleverly posed portraits of dogs, each with imprint of F. Girard, Gloversville. The highlight of the group is a wonderful studio portrait of a Chihuahua operating an early bellows camera with its subject, a Greyhound, seated on hind legs. The dogs included in each image are live and not stuffed, and each view is quite a difficult shot for any photographer to produce. $800 - $1,200

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Politics Before Lincoln

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193 William Henry Harrison, Rare 1840 Campaign Bandanna Multicolored, printed silk bandanna with cream background, 23 x 28 in., framed, 28.75 x 33.5 in. overall. Bandanna with legend: Wm. H. Harrison/ The Ohio Farmer. Log cabin at center surrounded by red roses. Harrison can be seen greeting a disabled veteran at the door while another person is drawing hard cider for the guest. 1840. See Collins, Threads of History, fig. 126. $10,000 - $15,000 194 William Henry Harrison Campaign Textile, 1840 Red and white printed cotton bandanna, 26 x 27 in., featuring an equestrian portrait of William Henry Harrison surrounded by depictions of (clockwise from top): North Bend, Harrison’s log home in southwest Ohio; the Battle of the Thames; Farmer of North Bend, showing Old Tippecanoe behind a plow; the US Capitol; the Treaty of Fort Wayne; and the Battle of Tippecanoe. Produced by A.M. Williamson, 1840. See Collins’ Threads of History, fig. 131.

Property from the Collection of John A. Diehl, Cincinnati, OH $1,000 - $1,500

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Politics Before Lincoln 195 William Henry Harrison, Hero of the Thames 1813, Rare Ceramic Tile Glazed ceramic disc, set in larger clay or terra-cotta mount, 7 in. dia., decorated with a transfer portrait of General W.H. Harrison/ Hero of the Thames 1813, maker’s mark not visible, but we encountered a similar example that was marked on reverse by James Tams & Co., Philadelphia. The unique form of the mounted tile indicates that it may have been used as a trivet. $500 - $700

196 Martin Van Buren, Rare 1848 Free Soil Party Paper Ribbon Printed, paper ribbon, 4 x 7 in., featuring portrait of a standing Martin Van Buren holding a scroll reading: Free Soil. And Freedom of the Public Lands to Actual Settlers.

Published by Edwd. P. Whailes, cor. Broadway & Courtland St. NY. 1848. $500 - $700 136

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197 Zachary Taylor 1848 Printed Cotton Textile Brown, green, blue, and white glazed cotton roller print, approx. 22 x 24.5 in. Overall pattern with folk art equestrian portrait of Zachary Taylor and soldiers marching in front.

The scene is vignetted within a pattern of a floral wreath of roses, rosebuds, and other flowers, broadly treated. Flowers and background are wood-blocked printed; the scenic motif was probably printed from a copper plate. The depiction of Taylor, which features him seated on his favorite charger, Whitey, is based on a description in Justin Smith’s book, War With Mexico. 1848. See Collins, Threads of History, fig. 199. $1,000 - $1,500 BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

POLITICS IN AMERICA | Lincolniana

198 Abraham Lincoln Relic, Piece of Timber from Original Lincoln Cabin, Macon County, Illinois, Accompanied by Letter from Hanks Brothers Unusually large wooden relic, 16 in. long, mounted and framed under glass atop a 1p letter dated June 21, 1865, from Lincoln Log Cabin, Chicago, overall, 21 x 42 in. The letter, which attests to the provenance of the relic, states, in part: Gentlemen: Accompanying this you will please find a piece of timber from the original Lincoln Cabin, built in Macon County, Illinois in the year 1830, by Abraham Lincoln, John and Dennis F. Hanks. This timber is called “chinking.” It was used taken from between two logs of said cabin.

Please accept it as a token of our esteem. It will make three or four good canes.

Yours truly, John Hanks’ X mark Dennis F. Hanks John and Dennis F. Hanks, who were cousins to Lincoln’s mother, Nancy Hanks Lincoln, spent a good amount of time with Lincoln when he was a young boy. Cowan’s previously sold a CDV showing John and Dennis posed outside Lincoln’s log cabin, and an accompanying description stated that John Hanks...assisted Mr. Lincoln in constructing the Cabin, while Dennis F. Hanks...gave Mr. Lincoln his first lessons in writing. (See Lot 210, December 19, 2011, American History Timed Auction.) $2,000 - $3,000

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199 Lincoln, Hamlin, & S.R. Curtis Campaign Flag, 1860 Printed flag, likely glazed cotton, approx. 11.5 x 16 in., consisting of 33 stars configured in unusual pattern on blue canton. The fly is comprised of 13 red and white stripes, with Lincoln and Hamlin! / S.R. Curtis! stamped atop the stripes in blue. 1860. Mounted and framed using archival materials, 17 x 22 in. overall.

Samuel Ryan Curtis (1805-1866) was one of the first Republicans elected to the US Congress (Iowa, 1856) and served as a major general in the Civil War. President Lincoln actually had to remove him from command of the District of Missouri due to Curtis’ abolitionist rhetoric and policies hindering cooperation between the Army and locals. $6,000 - $8,000

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Lincolniana

200 Abraham Lincoln Stereoview by Anthony Stereoview by E. & H.T. Anthony, New York, titled on the verso label Prominent Portraits No. 2969 - Hon. Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States. After the photo by Mathew Brady taken in Washington, D.C., Friday January 8, 1864 (O-84). An extremely rare example. $1,500 - $2,500

201 Lincoln & Hamlin 1860 Campaign Ferrotype, Plus Brass “doughnut” mount, obverse featuring ferrotype portrait of a beardless Lincoln, see Sullivan 1981, Lincoln portrait No. 2, mount inscribed Abraham Lincoln 1860, olive spray to right and left of date, reverse with ferrotype portrait of Hamlin, mount inscribed Hannibal Hamlin 1860, olive spray to right and left of date. 1 in. diameter.

Accompanied by CDV of Stephen Douglas, published by E. & H.T. Anthony from a Brady negative. $600 - $800

Reverse

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Lincolniana

202 Abraham Lincoln Note Signed, December 19, 1860, Body Reportedly Written by Mary Todd Lincoln Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865, President 1861-1865). NS, 1pp (approx.

5 x 8 in.), Springfield, IL, 19 Dec. 1860, signed as President-elect. To James H. Sibley, Esq. “Dear Sir - Herewith I send you my autograph, which you request. Yours Truly A. Lincoln.” Lincoln would not leave Springfield for Washington until February for the March 4, 1861 inauguration.

However, he was likely inundated with requests for autographs, so friends and family helped out. This one reportedly written by his wife and signed by him. $5,000 - $7,000

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Lincolniana James Nelson Caldwell was born 17 Nov. 1817 in Franklin, OH. He secured an appointment to the United States Military Academy from the State of Ohio where he was a cadet from 1 July 1836-1 July 1840 (Cullum # 1041). He graduated 25th in his class of 42. Many in this group went on to become officers in the Civil War - at least 9 Confederate and 5 Union Generals (including William Tecumseh Sherman), plus 5 Colonels and 7 Majors. He would have also known many of the members of the three classes ahead and three classes behind him at the Academy.

Upon graduation he was a brevet Second Lieutenant in the 2nd Infantry, until his was appointment as 2nd Lieut. in the 1st Infantry on 5 August 1840. He served in the Seminole Wars in Florida for the next year and was then sent to frontier duty in Wisconsin and Kansas for the next four years. He was primarily recruiting during the Mexican War, being promoted to 1st Lieutenant during that time, then to Mississippi. He spent the next decade (1848-1861) at various posts around Texas (Ringgold, Ft. Duncan, Ft. Belknap, Camp Verde, and more), and earned a promotion to Captain in 1850.

At the start of the Civil War, he was sent to Key West Barracks, then served primarily in the Western Theater, where he earned a brevet for “gallant and meritorious services” at Murfreesboro and Stones River (“second Murfreesboro”), TN. He was retired from field service as the result of disease and exposure in the line of duty, but was in command of the draft rendezvous at Concord, NH from April 1863 to Feb. 1865.

At the end of the war, he was unemployed for a time, before securing a position as Professor of Military Science for a time at Kentucky University, and a member of the Board for Examination of Candidates for promotion in the Army.

He married the widow of Captain Edgar Lacey of the 1st Infantry and had two sons and two daughters. His sons were Professor James N. and Doctor Frank Caldwell. His step-daughters married J.M. Turner of Cincinnati and Col. P.T. Swaine, 22nd US Infantry. Caldwell died in Carthage, OH 12 March 1886 at the age of 68. He is buried at Woodhill Cemetery in his home town of Franklin.

203 Abraham Lincoln Appointment Signed as President for James N. Caldwell, Major, 18th Infantry, February 1862 Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865). Partially printed DS. 1p. 13.75 x 17.5 in., on vellum with embossed seal, upper left. Dated at Washington, April 16, 1862, to James Caldwell, appointing him Major in the 18th Regiment of Infantry from February 27, 1862. Signed by Abraham Lincoln as President (1861-1865) and Edwin M. Stanton (1814-1869) as Secretary of War (1862-1868).

Descended Directly in the Caldwell Family $3,000 - $5,000

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2 of 10

204 James N. Caldwell, Military Collection Featuring Presidential Signed Commissions, Including Van Buren, Polk, Fillmore, & Johnson, Plus Lot of 10: vellum diploma, 16.5 x 20.5 in., United States Military Academy, 23 July 1840. For James N. Caldwell, State of Ohio. Signed by academic staff, Richard Delafield, Superintendent, D.H. Mahan (Engineering), A.E. Church (Math.), C. Berard (French), C.F. Smith (Infy.

Tactics), Wm. H.C. Bartlett (Nat. & Exper. Philos.). J.W. Bailey (Chem & Minerol.), Robt. W. Weir (Drawing), M. Knowlton (Artillery).

Vellum appointment, 13.5 x 17 in., as Second Lieutenant in the 1st Infantry Regiment, 5 August 1840. Signed by Martin Van Buren (President 1837-1841) and Joel Roberts Poinsett, Secretary of War. Vellum appointment, 15 x 17.5 in., as First Lieutenant in the 1st Infantry Regiment, 31 March 1847. Signed by James K. Polk (President 1845-1849), and William L. Marcy as Secretary of War. Vellum appointment, 14 x 18.5 in., as Captain in the 1st Infantry, 26 October 1850. Signed by Millard Fillmore (President, 1850-1853) and C.M. Conrad, Secretary of War. Vellum appointment, 15.5 x 19.5 in., as Brevet Lieut. Colonel, 9 August 1866, to date from 31 Dec. 1862, for “gallant and meritorious services

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at the battle of Murfreesboro, Tennessee.” Stamped signature of Andrew Johnson, printed signature of Edwin M. Stanton, Secretary of War. “W.D.B.” Rosecrans’ Campaign with the Fourteenth Army Corps, or the Army of the Cumberland: a Narrative of Personal Observations, ...

Consisting of Official Reports of the Battle of Stone River. Cincinnati: Moore, Wilstach, Keys & Co., 1863. 12mo, embossed cloth, 465pp plus 12pp ads.

Cullum, George W., Bvt. Major-General. Biographical Register of the Officers and Graduates of the U.S. Military Academy, from 1802 to 1867. Revised edition, with a supplement Continuing the Register of Graduates to January 1, 1879.

Vol. I, 1802-1840. 619pp. New York: D. Van Nostrand, 1868. 8vo, embossed cloth, gilt spine.

Vol. II, 1841-1867. 665pp. New York: D. Van Nostrand, 1868. 8vo, embossed cloth, gilt spine.

Vol. III, Supplement. New York: James Miller, 1879. 8vo, blue embossed cloth, gilt spine, 543pp.

Descended Directly in the Caldwell Family $2,000 - $3,000

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Lincolniana 205 Abraham Lincoln Appointment Signed as President for George H. Weir, Captain of Commissary of Subsistence, February 1865, Plus E.M. Stanton DS Lot of 2, including: Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865). Partially printed DS. 1p. 15.5 in. x 19.5 in., on vellum with embossed seal, upper left. Dated at Washington, February 24, 1865, to George H. Weir, appointing him Commissary of Subsistence of Volunteers with the rank of Captain from July 30, 1864. Signed by Abraham Lincoln as President (18611865) and Edwin M. Stanton (1814-1869) as Secretary of War (18621868).

Edwin M. Stanton. Partially printed DS. 1p. 8 x 10 in. Dated at Washington, December 2, 1864, informing George H. Weir that the President has appointed him a Major of Volunteers by brevet for gallant and distinguished services at the battle of the Wilderness, VA, and during the present Campaign before (?) Richmond, Va. Signed by Stanton as Secretary of War. George H. Weir enlisted as a captain on June 30, 1863, and was commissioned into the US Vols. Commissary Department. As indicated by the documents offered here. Weir was promoted to major by brevet for his actions at Wilderness, VA, July 6, 1864, and captain, US Vols. Commissary Department, July 30, 1864. Weir resigned on June 9, 1865. $3,500 - $5,500

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206 Abraham Lincoln Appointment Signed as President for Antonio Maria da Cunha Sotto Maior, US Consul General for Portugal, September 1862 Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865). Partially printed DS. 1p. 13.5 in. x 17 in. (sight), with embossed seal lower left. Dated at Washington, September 30, 1862, to Antonio Maria da Cunha Sotto Maior, appointing him Consul General of Portugal for the United States of

America. Signed by Abraham Lincoln as President (1861-1865) and William H. Seward (1801-1872) as Secretary of State (1861-1869).

Framed, 15 x 18.5 in.

Accompanied by PSA/DNA Letter of Authenticity as well as 2 modern, printed portraits of Lincoln and Seward. $4,000 - $6,000

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Lincolniana 207 Abraham Lincoln Appointment Signed as President for Richard E. Davis, Captain of Commissary of Subsistence, February 1862 Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865). Partially printed DS. 1p. 14 x 18.5 in. (sight), on vellum with embossed seal, upper left. Dated at Washington, February 26, 1862, to Richard E. Davis, appointing him Commissary of Subsistence of Volunteers with the rank of Captain, from November 23, 1861. Signed by Abraham Lincoln as President (1861-1865) and Edwin M. Stanton (1814-1869) as Secretary of War (1862-1868). Framed, 15 x 19.5 in. $4,000 - $6,000

208 Abraham Lincoln, Emancipation Proclamation, Early J.M. Forbes Copy, 1863 Abraham Lincoln. Proclamation of Emancipation by the President of the United States, January 1st, 1863. Boston: J.M. Forbes, 1863. 2.25 x 3.25 in., paper wrappers, 8pp. This miniature pamphlet is published with a quotation from Alexander H. Stephens on the front wrapper and with Andrew Jackson’s message: “To the Free Colored Inhabitants of Louisiana,” Sept. 21, 1814, on the rear wrapper. It was apparently published ca January 20, 1863, by Lincoln’s abolitionist friend, John Murray Forbes. We believe that this is a copy of the final proclamation (Eberstadt No. 15) rather than the comparable preliminary proclamation that was published a bit earlier by Forbes (Eberstadt No. 7), though it appears to be from the same press and with similar pale peach / light brown paper wrappers. $600 - $800

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Politics After Lincoln 209 James A. Garfield Portrait Pennant Glazed cotton swallowtail pennant, 16 x 22 in., with printed, blue, starfilled border and black and white central portrait of James A. Garfield.

The lack of mourning trim indicates this piece was produced for the 1880 presidential election. We could find no other example and the pennant is not listed in Collins’ Threads of History, however a pennant of the same measurements and same 37-star border but with the Liberty Bell and 1776 in place of Garfield was produced for the centennial by the American Flag Company, New York (Threads-374).

Framed, 24.75 x 31 in. $1,500 - $2,500

210 Cleveland & Stevenson Campaign Flag Printed cotton, 44-star flag, 39 x 64 in., with 44 printed stars and a printed cotton strip sewn across the bottom, stamped, Cleveland and Stevenson. From Grover Cleveland’s successful 1892 campaign against Benjamin Harrison, when he became the first president to be elected to non-consecutive terms. $3,000 - $5,000

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Politics After Lincoln 211 Diamond and Platinum Pendant Containing Painted Portrait of Theodore Roosevelt A platinum and diamond starburst pendant with a hidden locket that opens to reveal a miniature, painted portrait of Theodore Roosevelt. The front of the 36mm. hexagonal pendant contains one European cut diamond weighing approximately .20 carats surrounded by ten rose cut diamonds set in a circular pattern in bezels. Spraying out from the center are 102 additional rose cut diamonds with alternating panels ending in European cut diamonds. The perimeter of the pendant is bordered by a granulated channel containing 24 bezel set European cut diamonds.

The clip style bail is removable and contains three European cut diamonds. The total diamond weight is approximately 2.0 carats. The reverse of the pendant reveals a hidden locket with two spring hinged doors that open to expose a painted miniature portrait of Roosevelt. The entire piece is suspended by a 27” bar and loop platinum chain and weighs 25.1 dwts.

The consignor relates that the pendant once belonged to Theodore Roosevelt’s daughter, Alice Roosevelt Longworth, although the item is not accompanied by any formal, written documentation attesting to this provenance. $3,000 - $5,000 Reverse

212 Alton Parker - Henry Davis 1904 Jugate Campaign Poster Poster by Kurz and Allison, Chicago, copyright 1904. 20.25 x 25.75 (sight), professionally framed, 26 x 31.5 in. overall.

As stated on the poster, the 1904 Democrat ticket of Alton B. Parker of New York and Henry G. Davis of West Virginia favored “a return to Jeffersonian Principles,” by way of strengthening the interests of labor vis-a-vis capital. They also favored investment in the nation’s waterways and independence of the Philippines and denounced protectionism, large trusts, and government corruption. The Republicans favored the protective tariffs, upholding the gold standard, and strengthening the US Navy, and won in a landslide in Roosevelt’s first election after assuming office upon the assassination of President McKinley. $800 - $1,000

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AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | Presidential & Political

213 George Washington DS, June 8, 1783, Discharge from Continental Army Partially printed discharge, approx. 8 x 13 in., for Jacob Hyer, Private, 1st New York, “...having faithfully served the United States six years and seven months....” Signed by George Washington (1732-1799; President 1789-1797), J.H. Wendell, Adjutant, J. Trumbull (?), and Cornelius Van Dyck, Lt. Col. of the 1st New York Line. On verso is a printed statement indicating that this discharge is not a discharge until the peace treaty is signed. Until then, it is to be considered a furlough! A manuscript statement, West Point, April 7, 1784, turns over all of his rights to land to James Duncan. The Congress passed legislation June 22, 1779 awarding bounty lands in what is now Ohio and Kentucky to encourage men to remain in Continental service. $7,000 - $10,000 SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | Presidential & Political 214 Revolutionary War-Period Letter Addressed from General Washington to his Officers, January 6, 1780 George Washington, as head of Continental Army, Head Quarters, January 6, 1780. Washington to his Officers, signature previously clipped, but docketed on verso “From His Ex. Gen. Washington, Jan 7 1780.” Approx. 7.7 x 9 in., pressure framed between glass sheets. Washington tells his officers: As it will contribute in some degree to relieve our distress on the subject of provisions, I am to desire that you will discharge all the men in the Brigade under your command whose enlistments & terms of service will clearly expire by the last of this month. In conducting the matter you will be pleased to call on the commanding officers of regiments to prevent discharges of any not coming within the above description.

Fewer men to clothe and feed, an issue faced by the Continental Army throughout its existence.

Formerly part of prominent Revolutionary War Collection of John duMont, President, Society of Cincinnatus. $1,500 - $3,000

215 John Adams LS, June 21, 1820 John Adams (1735-1826). LS, 1p. 9.75 x 7.75 in., on paper with watermark J. Green, 1815. Dated Montezillo, June 21, 1820. To Elkanah Watson about his book, History of the Rise, Progress, and Condition of the Western Canals in the State of New York (1820). Adams recalls an encounter in London with the widow of Jonathan Carver (1710-1780), colonial explorer and militia captain in the French and Indian War. He describes purchasing a copy of Carver’s book from her for a guinea, which she received with a look which appear’d to me to imply as much as if she had said I have made a handsome profit by a very clever trick upon the credulity of a simple American who knows nothing of the world...

He expresses some reservations about the accuracy of the book, stating that he believes Carver repeated anecdotes from wandering and romantic Indians.

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He goes on to say that he would be glad to have a copy of Watson’s book on Canals by whatever means he chooses to send it, mail or private courier.

Signed “J. Adams” in a very shaky hand. It is no wonder he had to have a secretary write the letter. Adams liked to point out that although Jefferson, with whom Adams reconciled after their Presidencies, and with whom he became good friends, lived at Monticello, the lofty mountain, he, Adams lived at “Montezillo,” a little hill. Both names have the same meaning, however. (See McCullough, David. John Adams.

Simon and Schuster, 2008: 606) $4,000 - $6,000

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AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | Presidential & Political 216 Thomas Jefferson Ship’s Passage Signed as President, Countersigned by James Madison Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826). Partially printed DS. 1p, 12 x 18 in. (sight), on vellum with seal lower left. n.d. Signed by Thomas Jefferson as President of the United States (1801-1809) and James Madison (17511836) as Secretary of State (1801-1809). The document is a partially printed ship’s passage, signed and affixed with the Great Seal of the United States but unused, with the spaces left blank and the top uncut.

Ca 1801-1809. Framed, 13 x 19 in. $2,000 - $4,000

217 James Monroe Presidential Signed Land Grant James Monroe (1758-1831). Partially printed DS as President of the United States (1817-1825). 1p, 9.5 x 13.5 in., on vellum with embossed seal, affixed lower left. Dated at Washington, May 5, 1818, to Jacob Rheam, a private in North’s company of the 2nd regiment of Infantry during the War of 1812, granting 160 acres in Illinois. $400 - $600

218 John Quincy Adams Ship’s Passage Signed as President, Countersigned by Henry Clay John Quincy Adams (1767-1848). Partially printed DS. 1p, 10.5 x 14.25 in. (sight), on vellum with seal lower left. n.d. Signed by John Quincy Adams as President of the United States (1825-1829) and Henry Clay (1777-1852) as Secretary of State (1825-1829). The document is a partially printed ship’s passage, signed and affixed with the Great Seal of the United States, but unused, with the spaces left blank. Ca 1825-1829. Framed, 12 x 16 in. $600 - $800

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AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | Presidential & Political 219 Andrew Jackson Manuscript Document Signed as President Andrew Jackson (1767-1845). DS as President of the United States (1829-1837). 1p, 9.75 x 8 in. Dated at Washington, February 12, 1835.

Authorizing the Secretary of State to affix the United States seal to a document granting Israel Pemberton Hutchinson (1788-1866), the United States consul to Lisbon, power to receive indemnities from the Portuguese government. $800 - $1,000

220 William Henry Harrison, Northwest Indian War Signed Provision, August 1794 ANS on approx 2.5 x 7.5 in. piece of paper. “Provision [illeg.] for one Man a Prisoner Under the Generals Guard for Two Days Commencing the 26th & Ending the 27th Augt. 1794. Edw. H. Taylor, Ensn. / Officer of the Guard.

Camp near Snakes Town 20th August 94.” Below, in Harrison’s hand: “The contractors will issue two complete rations on the above return. Wm. H. Harrison, ADC.” William Henry Harrison (1773-1841, President March 4 - April 4, 1841) was the last president born a British citizen, the oldest inaugurated until Ronald Reagan, and served the shortest time in office. In 1790 his father pulled him out of Presbyterian Hampden-Sydney College and sent him to the University of Pennsylvania to study medicine under Benjamin Rush. Shortly after beginning his studies, his father died, leaving him with no support for further schooling, and in the care of the man with whom he was boarding, Robert Morris. All of these “connections” led to word reaching Governor Henry (“Light-Horse Harry”) Lee of Virginia, a friend of Harrison’s father, of the young man’s

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predicament. Lee persuaded Harrison to join the army, and helped secure a commission as an ensign in the 1st Infantry Regiment, then engaged in the Indian War in the Northwest Territory. Lee was assigned to Cincinnati.

In 1792 General “Mad Anthony” Wayne took command of the western troops after Arthur St. Clair’s defeat. Harrison seems to have been a “natural” soldier, particularly in adherence to discipline and order. He was promoted to Lieutenant, and the following year to aide-de-camp. Harrison learned much about frontier warfare from Wayne, and participated in the victorious Battle of Fallen Timbers, 20 August 1794, near what is today Toledo, Ohio. This order for provisions for prisoners is associated with these battles in northern Ohio. Snake’s Town was a Shawnee town along the lower Maumee River. Harrison remained associated with the Northwest Territory one way or another - soldier, governor, representative - for most of his career, before being elected president. $800 - $1,000

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AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | Presidential & Political

221 John Tyler ALS as President, July 1844 John Tyler (1790-1862). ALS as President of the United States (1841-1845). 1p, 7 x 4.25 in. Dated July 6, 1844, [Washington]. Requesting that John Stockton of Michigan replace Walter Cunningham as mineral agent or Superintendent of Mineral lands...with as little dealing as may be. $800 - $1,000

222 James K. Polk ALS, May 1837 James K. Polk (1795-1849). ALS as Speaker of the House of Representatives (18351839). 2pp, 9.75 x 7.75 in. Columbia, May 26, 1837. To Col. Samuel H. Laughlin, Nashville, TN. With full signature and initialed postscript.

Polk is attempting to put Laughlin in touch with a man in Nashville, Mr. James Walker, who can help him with his “business,” the nature of which is unclear.

Polk has been called the last strong or Jacksonian pre-Civil War President, (18451849), and “the least known consequential president.” (The Daily Beast) He had an agenda and accomplished most of it (although some, admittedly, not entirely by his doing). His campaign platform included annexation of Texas, but just after the election, before Polk took office, Congress passed a bill offering Texas entry into the Union, which she immediately accepted. Polk did engineer a victory in the MexicanAmerican War, acquiring California and the Southwest; he got Britain to accept the 49o boundary with Canada and acquired Oregon Territory; he opened the Naval Academy and Smithsonian Institution; and he reduced tariffs (Walker Tariff ), ushering in an era of increased trade. His stands on “Manifest Destiny” and slavery have been criticized, but his agenda clearly was more successful than most chief executives. $1,000 - $1,500

223 Zachary Taylor LS as General, September 1845 Zachary Taylor (1784-1850). LS as General. 1p, 9.75 x 7.75 in. Corpus Christi, TX (Hd. Qrs. Army of Occupation), September 4th, 1845.

Informing superior of enclosed field return report for August, briefly discussing illness in the camp and other matters.

In the spring of 1845, General Zachary Taylor established his army in Corpus Christi, then a disputed area of Texas, in anticipation of altercations with Mexican forces. The Army of Occupation, as it came to be known, would camp there until the following March. Taylor’s victories at Monterrey and Buena Vista resulted in a high profile as a national hero, greatly benefiting his 1848 presidential campaign. $1,000 - $1,500

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AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | Presidential & Political 224 Franklin Pierce Document Signed as President, July 1855 Franklin Pierce (1804-1869). Partially printed DS as President of the United States (1853-1857). 1p, 10 x 8 in. Dated at Washington, July 13, 1855. Authorizing the Secretary of State to affix the United States seal to a letter addressed to Manuel María Mallarino Ibargüen (1808-1872), Vice President of New Granada (1855-1859).

Mallarino was also Acting President of New Granada during the first two years of his term. New Granada at the time had separate elections for President and Vice President, held two years apart. In April 1854 the President was deposed in a coup, but later was returned to power. He had, however, been impeached by Congress, so executive power was in the hands of the Vice President. The Granadine Constitution did not allow for full succession, so when Mallarino was elected in 1855, he became not only Vice President, but also Acting President. Upon the election of a new President in 1857, Mallarino was again just VP. $500 - $700

225 James Buchanan Document Signed as President, June 1858 James Buchanan (1791-1868). Partially printed DS as President of the United States (1857-1861). 1p, 10 x 8 in. Dated at Washington, June 26, 1858. Authorizing the Secretary of State to affix the United States seal to a letter of the same date addressed to the King of Denmark, regarding the credentials of James M[adison]. Buchanan (1803-1876), appointed as Minister to Denmark in May 1858.

James Madison Buchanan was a Maryland attorney. He entered politics, serving in the state House of Delegates in 1826 and 1829.

He was also President of Maryland’s Constitutional convention in 1850-1851. In 1856 he was a delegate to the Democratic National convention, supporting James Buchanan, Jr. as the party nominee for President. He was apparently rewarded for his support with this appointment as Minister to Denmark. $500 - $700

226 Andrew Johnson Document Signed as President, May 1868 Andrew Johnson (1808-1875). Partially printed DS as President of the United States (1865-1869). 1p, 9.75 x 8 in. Washington, May 25, 1868.

Authorizing the Secretary of State to affix the United States seal to a letter to the Grand Duke of Hesse regarding the appointment of George Bancroft (1800-1891) as diplomatic minister to Berlin. $600 - $800

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AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | Presidential & Political

227 Ulysses S. Grant Military Appointment Signed as Lt. General Commanding Armies of the US, December 1865 Ulysses S. Grant (1822-1885). General of the Army of the United States (1866-1868) and 18th President of the United States (1869-1877). Partially printed DS. 1p, approx. 10.5 x 16 in.

Dated at Washington, December 5, 1865, for Cornelius P. Clark, recommending that he is fit to receive the appointment of Hospital Steward. Signed by U.S. Grant as Lieut. Gen. Commanding Armies of the U. States, as written below Grant’s signature, and E.D. Townsend (1817-1893) as Asst. Adjutant General. $1,500 - $3,000

228 Rutherford B. Hayes ALS as President, January 1880 Rutherford B. Hayes (1822-1893). President of the United States (18771881). Short note on Executive Mansion letterhead, approx. 4.5 x 7 in., Washington, Jany. 1, 1880. Addressed to Hon. Wirt Sikes, Cardiff, Wales.

“I beg you to accept my thanks for the “British Goblins.” ...you are to be congratulated on your success. Please present my kindest regards to Mrs. Sikes.” Signed R.B. Hayes. “British Goblins” was a book on Welsh folk tales. $500 - $700

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AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | Presidential & Political 229 Chester Arthur Appointment Signed as President for Henry F. Clarke, Colonel, Asst. Commissary General of Subsistence, June 1882 Chester Arthur (1830-1886). Partially printed DS. 1p. 15.5 x 19.25 in., on vellum with embossed seal, upper left. Dated at Washington, June 9, 1882, to Henry F. Clarke, appointing him Assistant Commissary General of Subsistence with the rank of Colonel from May 20, 1882. Signed by Chester A. Arthur as President (1881-1885), and Robert Todd Lincoln (1843-1926), as Secretary of War (1881-1885).

Henry F. Clarke (1820-1887), born in Brownsville, PA, graduated from the US Military Academy in 1843. He entered the artillery, serving in the occupation of Texas from 1845-1846 and in the war with Mexico.

Clarke won the brevet of captain at Chapultepec and was present at the assault and capture of the City of Mexico.

From 1848-1851, Clarke worked with the Military Academy, first as assistant instructor of artillery, then as assistant professor of mathematics. From 1851-1852, he was engaged with his regiment in the Seminole War, but went back to work with the Military Academy from 1855-1856. In January of 1857, Clarke was made captain and accompanied the Utah Expedition in the same year as commissary of subsistence, a position he held until 1860, when he was assigned to duty in the office of the Commissary-General.

Clarke ordered the expedition of the relief of Fort Pickens, April 1, 1861, was appointed Chief Commissary of General McDowell’s command in July of 1861, and served in the Manassas campaign. He was then promoted to major in August 1861 and served as chief commissary of subsistence of the Army of the Potomac from August 1861-January 1864. Clarke was present at the siege of Yorktown, as well as the battles of South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg.

Promoted to lt. colonel in June of 1864, Clarke had charge of purchase of supplies in New York City until 1867. Clarke was breveted brigadier general for gallantry at the battle of Gettysburg and major general for faithful services in the subsistence department during the Civil War. He served as Chief of Commissariat of the Division of the Missouri in 1868-1875, and of the Division of the Atlantic from 1879 until he retired in November of 1884, with the rank of colonel. $500 - $700

230 Theodore Roosevelt TLS as President, March 1906 Theodore Roosevelt (1858-1919). TLS as President of the United States (1901-1909). 1p, 8.75 x 7 in. Dated March 28, 1906, Washington.

Addressed to Mr. Lindsay Denison of Everybody’s Magazine in New York, who reported on the construction of the Panama Canal, in praise of a recent article and commenting on the reactions of John F. Stevens, chief architect of the Panama Canal, and Theodore P. Shonts, chairman of the Isthmian Canal Commission. Roosevelt tells Denison that he is becoming “hot”/angry about both men. Roosevelt does not care if a few details of the article are wrong, the overall message is admirable, and those two men should see that. $500 - $700

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AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | Presidential & Political 231 Theodore Roosevelt and William H. Taft Signed Military Commission of Frank West, CMOH, to Colonel of Cavalry, 1906 Theodore Roosevelt (1858-1919). Commission signed as President of the United States, countersigned by William Howard Taft as Secretary of War. 14.75 x 18 in. (sight), on vellum with embossed seal at lower left. Dated at Washington, Dec. 14, 1906, appointing Frank West to the rank of colonel of cavalry. Frank West (1850-1923) was an 1872 graduate of West Point who was awarded the Medal of Honor in 1892 for actions against the Indians at the Battle of Big Dry Wash in Arizona on July 17, 1882 (citation: Rallied his command and led it in the advance against the enemy’s fortified position). He retired in 1914 with the rank of colonel, the document offered here being his ultimate promotion.

Professionally framed, 22 x 25.5 in. overall. $1,000 - $2,000

232 Harry S. Truman, Memoirs Inscribed to Senator Wayne Morse Lot of 3 volumes.

Truman, Harry S. Memoirs: Year of Decisions. Garden City (NY): Doubleday & Company, Inc., 1955, Vol. 1. 8vo, blue cloth, gilt front and spine, in slipcase with paper label, 596pp. Inscribed and signed on half-title: To the Honorable Wayne Morse with affectionate regards from one of his greatest admirers. Harry Truman / Independence / Dec. 31, 1955.

Also inscribed “To Hon. Wayne Morse / From Harry Truman” on paper label on slipcase. _____. Memoirs: Years of Trial and Hope. Garden City (NY): Doubleday & Company, 1956, Vol. 2. 8vo, blue cloth with gilt front and spine, in slipcase with paper label, 594pp. Inscribed on half-title: “To Honorable Wayne Morse from Harry Truman 5/5/56.” Also “Honorable Wayne Morse” on paper label on slipcase in what appears to be Truman’s hand.

On pp 501 of this volume is a note by “MMM” (presume his wife Mildred “Midge”) in lower margin “This states very well the feelings that Wayne Morse had that lead[sic] him to leave the campaign and support Stevenson. He had become disenchanted when Eisenhower chose Richard Nixon. As the campaign went on he became convinced the[sic] Stevenson should be elected.” Marks by sections of text in margins of pp 502 and 474. ______. Mr. Citizen. New York: Bernard Geis Associates, (1953), 1960.

8vo, half leather, gilt front and spine, decorative endpapers, in slipcase, 315pp. Inscribed and signed on half-title: To Honorable Wayne Morse with admiration and affectionate regards, from one who considers him the greatest of public servants to the people of this Republic. Harry Truman / Independence / Sept. 20, 1960 / Wayne, you know how I feel and it has been demonstrated! H.S.T.

Wayne Morse (1900-1974) was an Oregon lawyer and politician, who had been born and raised in Wisconsin. Morse affiliated first with the Republican party, then spent a few years as an Independent, before affiliating with the Democrats for his last two decades. He made a run for the Democratic nomination in 1960. A few years later, he was one of only two of his party in the Senate who opposed the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution which authorized military action in Vietnam without a declaration of war. He continued to oppose the military action in Southeast Asia until the end of his life, even though it cost him reelection in 1968 and the next two elections. $3,000 - $6,000

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AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | Presidential & Political

233 John & Jacqueline Kennedy, Photograph Signed and Inscribed by the President John F. Kennedy (1917-1963). President of the United States (19611963). Photograph of John and Jacqueline Kennedy taken during presidency, signed and inscribed in lower margin by Kennedy, To my fellow ____ member - With ever, good wishes - John F. Kennedy.

Photograph, 8 x 10 in., copyrighted lower left by Mark Shaw, framed, 12 x 15 in. overall. $1,000 - $1,500

234 John F. Kennedy Card Signed as President, Plus Evelyn Lincoln TLS John F. Kennedy (1917-1963). A card with embossed seal, 4.25 x 2.25 in., signed as President of the United States (1961-1963). Accompanied by a typed letter, 9.25 x 6.25 in., enclosing the card, on White House letterhead, signed by Evelyn Lincoln, Kennedy’s secretary, and dated May 2, 1961, with original envelope.

Lot also includes two photographs, 8 x 10 each, one of President Kennedy with printed signature and the other of Jackie Kennedy with children Caroline and John, Jr., in envelope from the White House with postal date February 26, 1963. $600 - $800

235 Joseph Dudley, Colonial Governor of Maine, Manuscript DS Joseph Dudley (1647-1720). Manuscript DS. 1.5 p, 9.75 x 15 in. n.d. Boston (ca 1702-1714).

With endorsement and signature of J. Dudley. The document concerns trade with the colonies: “Understanding from your Excellency that you have lately received from the Right Honourable the Lords Commissioners of the Council of Trade and Plantations, a signification of Her Majesty’s most gracious intention to promote the Trade by Supplying Her Royal Navy with Pitch, Tarr, Rosin, and other Naval Stores, from these Her Majesty’s Plantations with Direction to your self To receive such Proposals from her Majesty’s good Subjects as may be further Encouraging and conducive thereto, to be Humbly laid before Her Majesty for Her Royal Consideration in that respect.” He goes on to note that “The Importers of These Commoditys have met with much discouragement by the Lowness of the Market, as Wee Have found has been Occasioned by Intersts that Have Runn Counter to the Plantation Trade.”

Joseph Dudley was born in Roxbury, to one of the founders and colonial magistrate of Massachusetts Bay. Dudley followed as a magistrate serving in the administration of the Dominion of New England (President of the Council, 1686-1689). He was overthrown during the 1689 Boston revolt, but later was appointed Governor of the Provinces of Massachusetts Bay and New Hampshire (1702-1715). This address would appear to be as Governor, since it is addressed to “Her Majesty,” and Anne became Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland in 1702 (to her death in 1714). $600 - $800 156

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AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | Presidential & Political 236 Aaron Burr ALS, Ca 1780 Aaron Burr (1756-1836). Vice President of the United States under Thomas Jefferson (1801-1805). ALS, 1p., 7.5 x 6.25 in., on laid paper with watermark. Jan. 1, ca 1780. Personal note written to a Mrs. Bradstreet. “I very much suspect, my dear friend, that you will escape the noise of our french and spanish infantry to day - they marched, literally marched, to West Chester on friday last under orders to return last evening - they have not appeared nor has any thing been heard of them... This will not deprive me of the honor of dining with you & of offering in person the assurance of my respect and attachment.” $600 - $800

237 Patrick Henry Signed Land Document for Service in Continental Army Patrick Henry (1736-1799). Partially printed DS, 1p, 6 x 3.75 in., on laid paper. Dated March 5, 1785. Granting to Levi Bridgewater the amount of land due a private of the Continental army. Signed by Patrick Henry as 6th Governor of Virginia (1784-1786) and Thomas Meriwether, Commissioner of Army Accounts. $700 - $1,000

238 Patrick Henry Signed Land Grant Patrick Henry (1736-1799). Partially printed DS, 1p, 12 x 15.5 in., on vellum with seal lower left. Dated May 12, 1786. Granting to Jacob Myers 1920 acres of land. Signed by Patrick Henry as 6th Governor of Virginia (1784-1786). $600 - $800

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AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | Presidential & Political 239 John Hancock Land Document Signed John Hancock (1737-1793). President of the Continental Congress; First Signer of the Declaration of Independence; First governor of Massachusetts (1780-1785) and again governor (1787-1793). Partially printed DS. 1p, 8 x 12.25 in., on laid paper. Dated September 29, 1790.

Documenting the sale of 38 acres and 8 rods in central Holden, Massachusetts to Ashbel Willard.

Signed by John Hancock as 3rd Governor of Massachusetts (1787-1793).

The document is accompanied by a 19th century lithograph of John Hancock after the oil portrait

by Alonzo Chappel (1828-1887) with printed signature, published by Johnson & Fry Co. of New York, 7.75 x 10.75 in. $4,000 - $6,000

AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | General Americana 240 Colonel Samuel Caldwell & Family, Correspondence, Franklin, Ohio, 1820s-1830s Lot of approx. 49 items, mainly correspondence between Colonel Samuel Caldwell and his sons, John, Robert, and James. Among his many accomplishments, Samuel Caldwell fought and defeated the British and their Indian Allies led by the legendary Chief Tecumseh in the Battle of the Thames, which secured the Northwest Frontier against future British attacks in the War of 1812. He was also a Member of the Ohio House and the Ohio Senate. The lot is comprised of the following: • 14pp manuscript speech; • 44 hand written letters, totaling 108pp, comprised of 13 letters from Col. Sam Caldwell to son John, 7 letters from John to Samuel Caldwell and others, 9 letters from Robert Caldwell to brother John, 15 letters from various associates to John Caldwell; 158

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• Plus 4 New York Consolidated Lottery tickets, 1829; Clinton Hotel boarding invoice, 1831; Invoice to John Caldwell from tailor, 1829 ; Citizen’s Meeting Minutes, John Caldwell, Secretary, 1832.

Patriotism, pride, appreciation, and zeal are folded into a 14pp speech of fiery projection to celebrate the 56th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence. Although unsigned, we believe that this was likely written by Samuel Caldwell: Probably the Pilgrim Fathers who first landed from England on these shores of this mighty continent dreamed not that they would establish an empire extending from sea to sea and influencing beyond seas the state and conditions of the human family. They looked upon England as their mother and ever spoke of it by the endearing name of home. None other would have been used had not British oppression forced it – had not the lion attempted to prey upon the weak. A howling wilderness as far as daring fortitude could penetrate offered no great promise of protection BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | General Americana only to the savage and the howling beasts of the forest.

We as a people hold a conspicuous place among the peoples of the world for America this favored land of ours it was reserved to rear and cherish to maturity the first tree of liberty whose branches promise to extend their protecting shade over all the nations of the earth. . . . . A spark has fled that will enkindle a flame that shall consume the already crumbling thrones of monarchs and leave not save upon the pages of history a monument of royal power.

Even now every ship on the Atlantic comes burdened with scores of Europe’s sons destined to try the pleasing realities of their dreams of the Western Hemisphere. Desolation in the old followed in the wake and footsteps of tyranny. Contrast the status of . . . . . a prince’s subjects with that of a free and independent citizen of this republic. Contrast the ignorance, superstition and debasement of the great maps of population of a regal dominion with the wisdom, intelligence and virtue of the favored sons of freedom.

Discord in some shape or other moves in every quarter of the globe.

Caldwell’s speech relates the struggles for freedom in other countries: Great Britain trembles while the elements of revolution accumulate and seem to gather force for open violation of the national peace.

France feels sorely the ruinous consequences and desolating influence of national instability. Spain smarts under the scepter of a tyrant and the dire effects of unrestrained ambition.

Witness the situation of Eire the green emerald isle of the ocean. Her noble sons oppressed and ground to the very dust. Remember the assistance in our struggles for liberty rendered with all the ardor of the Irish Revolution.

While another nation sent us Kosciusko – Poland. And while another sent a Lafayette to aid our desperate cause Ireland has sent her hundreds of names never to be forgotten in the history of those trying times.

The Princeton Theological Seminary in New Jersey, Miami University, in Oxford, OH and the US Military Academy at West Point provided the academic background as sons John and Robert Caldwell left their home in Franklin, OH, to acquire their education and determine their vocations.

The correspondence between the Caldwell brothers and their father is chronicled primarily between the years 1828-1833.

Robert was deeply invested in the study of Theology at Miami in Oxford. One letter relates the growth of the student population at Miami including members coming from the south, principally Frenchmen, six or seven have already arrived besides two or three Englishmen.

John enrolled at Princeton and in one letter to Robert speaks of religious revivals...There is a kind of wild fire, a zeal without knowledge sometimes apparent which most certainly cannot last . . . . if the head alone is filled and the heart wanting – much need not be expected. He relates his desire to visit Franklin in December and the circuitous route required…I had better get on board a vessel from New York and sail home by way of New Orleans. Would try it by horse but to cross the Alleghany at this season of the year would be a killing job. John generally struggled with his finances and speaks of possible employment. . . might become a tutor to some genteel family in the south, might get a horse if they would support me with a house. He knew of a Princeton graduate who gets $500 per year for teaching three hours per day. John tells Robert, You want to know how I like New Jersey now. I am sick of it.

John left Princeton and considered a career in the Navy. His father told him that a five year apprenticeship had to be served if he planned on being an officer. While he was at Washington, a letter from father Samuel expresses hopes that John can attend the inauguration of the venerable Jackson. [March, 1829] Robert writes John that he has just returned from the meeting house from hearing Dr. Burges preach his whiskey sermon on intemperance.

Robert proceeds to condemn all distilling operations, quote scripture about being a good example and discuss the relative morality of Franklin, OH. Franklin is more noted for morality than formerly, though the canal brings many desperate [ the sailors ] wretches – the young ladies of the village are generally pious & are young ladies still, some like to remain so.

John entered West Point. A friend wrote John that he would very much like to visit West Point and would like to view the Palisaides on the Hudson River. John’s tenure as a cadet at West Point lasted only 2 years. A letter to John Caldwell from W. Smith states that Smith considers John’s recitations among the worst that were made to me in the section room. The examination in June . . .was also the worst of any in the section. A small addition to his consternation was a letter that revealed that the lottery tickets that were purchased for him in New York were not winners.

Nothing but solid and continuous support from their father Samuel Caldwell was ever conveyed to his sons John, Robert and James.

Caldwell’s letters always complimented his son’s academic and vocational choices. This continued even as he labored on behalf of Warren County as an Ohio official in Columbus.

Descended Directly in the Caldwell Family $2,000 - $3,000

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AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | General Americana 241 Chief Engineer’s Logbook for Steamers Fire Dart & Suwo Nada Memo book containing the daily entries of the chief engineer of the paddle-wheel merchant steamer Fire Dart on her maiden voyage from New York to Hong Kong in 1860, as well as a transcription of the 1865 voyage of the paddle-wheel steamer Suwo Nada, also from New York to Hong Kong.

The Fire Dart was one of the first ships of her type, purpose-built for the China trade and supplanting the “China clipper” sailing ships.

She was also the first commercial steamship to ply the Yangtze River.

The Suwo Nada was one of the last ships of this type, launched in 1864, and noted for her speed. Though steam-powered, they both were rigged for a full spread of sails as well, which were used to take advantage of favorable winds, or allow the engines to be serviced while remaining under way.

The Fire Dart left New York City on the morning of December 10, 1860, the same day delegates from South Carolina met with President James Buchanan to negotiate the peaceful transfer of Federal property to the state. The Fire Dart apparently outran all news from home, as no mention of secession or the formation of the Confederacy is found in the logbook. Her trip took her from New York to Rio, then to Cape Town, then the port of Galle in Ceylon. Running into monsoons after leaving Galle, the Fire Dart ate through so much coal that she had to put in at Saigon to purchase enough to make it to Singapore. From Singapore, she made the final leg to Hong Kong.

The chief engineer notes some small incidents in his log, related to the ship being on her maiden voyage. A shirt was found inside a boiler, clogging the intake, and fine coal dust in the bilges meant the leather seal on the bilge pump had to be repaired frequently, for instance.

The Suwo Nada, built for Augustine Heard & Co., spent the first months of her career running a route between New York, New Orleans, and Havana, as Confederate commerce raiders made the China trade too hazardous. In January, 1865, she was hired out as a troop transport for the Union Army at the rate of $810 a day. She served in the Carolinas campaign, being released from service on April 22. By the next month, she had been reconverted to her original role, and set out

on her inaugural run to China. This log covers that voyage, running from New York to St. Vincent, then Rio. From there she makes landfall at Mauritius, then Singapore, and finally Hong Kong in September, making the trip from New York in 100 days (75 days of sailing.) A note near the end of the book mentions that the chief engineer left the Suwo Nada at Hong Kong in October, to ship aboard the steamer Kiang Loong.

Both logs record steam pressure, miles traveled, and coal consumed each day, with longitude and latitude noted as well. These two voyages appearing in the same log book have a symmetry about them. One ship left New York just prior to the secession of South Carolina, and the other left New York just after the end of the Civil War. One ship was one of the first of her kind, the other one of the last.

Both were on their first trip to China, and both had the same man as chief engineer. $500 - $700

242 Cyril Hawkins, Ohio Politician, Lawyer, & Customs Agent, Archive Including Correspondence, Photos, and Broadsides 46 items pertaining to Cyril Hawkins, California Prospector, California and Nevada State Official, Superintendent of Documents – 38th Congress, Ohio politician, collector of customs, promoter of railroads, steward of State of Ohio Hospital, writer and poet, featuring: • 26 letters from Hawkins to family, primarily wife and daughters, from employment travels to Washington, Chicago, Cleveland, Toronto and other locations.

• Certificate appointing Hawkins “Additional Inspector”, Collector of Customs, Port of Suspension Bridge, Niagara Falls, NY. • 4 photographs: CDV and cabinet photograph of Hawkins; 10.25 x 12 in. photograph of General Merchandise Store, Yreka, CA; 10 x 12 in., mounted image of Hawkins in office as Steward, Columbus State Hosp.

• Gold Mine Territory certificate of appointment.

• 11pp, typed autobiography.

• 6pp story written by Hawkins, relating life of Benedict Arnold – Hawkins and George Washington were convinced Arnold was brave and brilliant in command but argued his positions too forcefully before his political and military superiors.

• 16pp story written by Hawkins about a killing in Kentucky and the defense of the accused by Henry Clay.

• 7 promotional items, including 9 x 16 in. broadside promoting 160

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AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | General Americana Hawkins’ speech at McKinley Club, Cadiz, OH ; 3 Miner’s Meeting broadsides 5.75 x 9 in. promoting Black Diamond and Cincinnati Southern R.R.; plus 2 Financial Statements for Columbus State Hospital; 2 Poems / prose written by Cyril Hawkins; and note regarding purchasing duties as Steward, Columbus State Hospital.

Although hailing from the small town of McConnelsville, OH, on the Muskingum River, Cyril Hawkins decided that the lure of gold and adventure emanating from California in 1851 required his immediate participation. Overcoming strong objections from his father and after accumulating $150 for the trip, Cyril, then 19 years old, and four friends from McConnelsville completed the dangerous, taxing and arduous trek. His 11pp autobiography included in this collection states that after crossing the Missouri River at Ft. Leavenworth, KS, I walked every step to Oregon City . . . . our great walk of over two thousand miles.

Gold mining success in California proved elusive and Cyril was hired as a clerk in a grocery store, a solicitor and collecting agent for a newspaper, and then gained employment in the office of the California Secretary of State – General J. W. Denver. In 1863, Hawkins went to the Nevada Territory and engaged in quartz mining.

He soon was appointed County Clerk and then elected as a member of lower house of the 1st Nevada State Legislature.

Hawkins returned to Ohio on a steamer via Panama in 1865 and heard of the fall of Richmond as he entered New York harbor. Cyril married his wife Sarah Pinkerton in McConnelsville in 1866.

The Hawkins correspondence offers significant insight into his varied interests. In a letter to his wife he indicates, on St. James Hotel, Washington, D.C., letterhead, the location where Garfield was shot.

In April 1876, Cyril is elated at the birth of his daughter Katie. From Toronto, he describes his very positive impressions of the Loretto Abbey Catholic girl’s school in 1880. Hawkins writes to his wife of a séance he visited in Toronto and of his desire to leave New York State. Another letter discusses Cyril’s visit to a Mormon Temple in Kirtland, OH, and he details his thoughts on some of the tenets of

Mormonism…They allow polygamy at the church of Salt Lake, and say Old Brigham Young was an infamous “old wretch”…They say that The Book Of Mormon, which was presented to Joseph Smith on tablets by an Angel is compatible with the bible in every particular. In May of 1887, he asks his daughter Fannie to maintain an “unsullied reputation” and to be a “good girl”. In April 1901, Hawkins assists the widow of Lt. Andrew Fouts in her efforts to regain placement on the pension rolls. Lt. Fouts died while attacking Battery Wagner guarding the approach to Charleston, SC, harbor. The Hawkins prose features a description of the beauty of the Muskingum River and Muskingum River Valley.

Descended Directly in the Family of Cyril Hawkins $800 - $1,200

REVOLUTIONARY WAR 243 14 Karat Gold Sons of the Revolution Medal Identified to George H. Gould Rare Sons of the Revolution medal, 14k gold, with oval, gold portion measuring approx. 1.25 x 1.75 in., including the drop-wing eagle, which is perched upon the central, oval-shaped medal depicting an armed, Continental Army soldier on the obverse. The central, oval-shaped medal measures approx. .5 x 1 in. and is partially surrounded by 13 gold stars placed on a scalloped blue frame. On the reverse, the oval-shaped medal features a bust of General George Washington in high relief with Sons of the Revolution in arc above the portrait and 1883 below it. Eagle engraved on reverse Bailey Banks & Biddle, Phila., with serial number 3048.

On the reverse of the 13 star-border, the medal is identified to George H. Gould and is dated April 19, 1920.

The Sons of the Revolution was formed in New York City in 1883 from organizational plans launched in 1876 by John Austin Stevens, a member of the Society of the Cincinnati. Although limited information has been found regarding George H. Gould, research indicates that he may have been a possible love interest to Emily Dickinson. According to an online entry posted by The American Reader, Gould attended Amherst College with Dickinson’s brother, Austin, and period accounts suggest that Gould may have actually proposed to Dickinson, and although she accepted, the marriage was prohibited by her father. The online entry includes a transcription of a “love letter” that Dickenson wrote to Gould in February 1850. (see www.theamericanreader.com/3february-1850-emily-dickinson-to-george-h-gould/) $1,000 - $1,500 SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | European Politicians & Military Commanders 244 British General William Howe ALS, October 22, 1795 William Howe (1729-1814). ALS, 1p, 9.75 x 7.75 in., on laid paper with watermark. Dated October 22, 1795. Written while head of forces camped at Whitley, near Newcastle, during the French Revolutionary Wars.

William Howe joined the British Army in 1746 and saw extensive service in Europe during the next few years. He was sent to North America in 1775, arriving after fighting had begin, but in time to lead British troops at Bunker Hill. He succeeded in capturing New York and Philadelphia, but resigned his command in 1778, before the conclusion of the war. He continued to serve in defense of the British Isles, but also spent much of his time in Parliament. $500 - $700

245 Marquis de Lafayette ALS Gilbert de Motier, Marquis de Lafayette (1757-1834). Revolutionary War general, French statesman and officer. ALS. 1p, 8.25 x 6.5 in., on laid paper, in French. La Grange, November 13, 1806. A personal note addressed to a Monsieur Milanges. $800 - $1,000

246 Marquis de Lafayette ALS Gilbert de Motier, Marquis de Lafayette (1757-1834). Revolutionary War general, French statesman and officer. ALS, 1p, 8vo, written in French, undated (ca 1830-32), addressed to Monsieur Sarrans, signed Lafayette. Lafayette is writing to Bernard Sarrans (1796-1874), adjutant to Lafayette in the Revolution of 1830, author, and later a politician.

They are corresponding to clarify certain facts of Lafayette’s and others’ participation in the Revolution of 1830, presumably for the history which Sarrans published in 1832 titled Lafayette, Louis-Philippe, and the Revolution of 1830; or History of the Events and Men of July. Lafayette mentions Louis-Philipe, the Duke of Orleans, and men by the names of Cabes, Cavagnac, and Gainard. Professionally framed in two-sided frame, 12 x 13 in. overall, and accompanied by a typed transcription and translation. $800 - $1,000

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AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | European Politicians & Military Commanders 247 Napoleon Bonaparte DS, 1807 Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821). DS, partially printed laid paper, 8.5 x 13.25, October 14, 1807, from the War Department’s cavalry board, to Napoleon, regarding the assignment of duties within the cavalry, specifically that recommending that the emperor not favor the Fontainebleau cadets but distribute jobs fairly among the many soldiers and officers already in service. Initialed by Napoleon in the left margin below a mostly illegible annotation that appears to be in his hand. Framed, 14 x 18 in. overall. $600 - $800

AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | World War II 248 Adolf Hitler Signed Promotion, 1937 Adolf Hitler (1889-1945). Partially printed promotion signed, 1p, 11.75 x 8.25 in. Embossed seal lower left center. Dated Berlin, June 16, 1937, naming two doctors to senior staff physicians in Stettin (Szczecin). Signed by Adolf Hitler as well as Werner von Fritsch (1880-1939) as Minister of War and Commander of the Armed Forces, at lower left, with indecipherable signature of the Commander of the Heer at lower right. $700 - $1,000

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AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | World War II

249 Jewish Refugee Colony, The Sosua Experiment, 1940-1941, Collection of Memorabilia A collection consisting of a large 90+ page scrapbook with heavy black binding, 12 x 16 in., containing various ephemera concerning the Sosua Experiment, ca 1940-1941, which was an attempt in 194045 to save Jewish refugees from Nazi-occupied Europe and resettle them in the Western Hemisphere. Sosua was the only such project that ever materialized, and even it was doomed to be a “spectacular failure.”

40pp of this scrapbook hold more than 50 large, original photographs, most approx. 7.5 x 9 in., with close to 30 documenting living, working, and visiting the Sosua Community, ca 1941. Others show official gatherings of the men who conceived and carried out the project.

The scrapbook also contains almost 30pp of various newspaper clippings, and more than a dozen pages preserve original booklets, programs, brochures, documents & other printed ephemera from and about Sosua.

In addition, the scrapbook contains a 3pp TLS signed by Dominican Republic President Rafael Trujillo with many details about the Sosua project.

Found with the scrapbook and included in this collection are 15 large cardboard-mounted and unmounted photographs, most measuring approx. 7.25 x 9.25 in. (sight), many accompanied by printed or handwritten labels and identifications. Most document diplomatic groups from the United States, Latin America, and South America in the 1940s.

The scrapbook was apparently compiled and inscribed on the first page by Alfred Wagg, 3rd, to THE CHIEF. Alfred Wagg was from a prominent banking family and he served as Secretary to the Intergovernmental Committee on Refugees.

He was also an assistant to Robert T. Pell, Assistant Chief of the Division of European Affairs, State Department. As Wagg’s “Chief,” Pell was probably the original recipient of this scrapbook.

Alternately, the scrapbook could possibly have been presented to James N. Rosenberg.

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Several of the documents, ephemera & photographs in the scrapbook pertain directly to Rosenberg. James Rosenberg was President of the Dominican Republic Settlement Association. The TLS from President Trujillo is a personal letter addressed to James Rosenberg.

James Rosenberg (1874-1970) received his law degree from Columbia in 1898. In 1922, he founded the New Art Gallery in New York.

Rosenberg became president of the American Society for Jewish Farm Settlements in 1928. In 1947, Rosenberg retired from law practice and devoted himself to art.

Robert T. Pell was also the alternate U.S. delegate to the Intergovernmental Committee on Refugees, and the liaison between the IGCR and the State Department. Pell and Wagg were working against the serious opposition of assistant secretary of state Breckinridge Long. In the spring of 1941, Long’s opposition to the activities of the IGCR led to Pell’s resignation from the committee.

Pell resigned in part because Long had effectively fired Pell’s trusted assistant, Alfred Wagg, without cause by simply discontinuing the position. Long also reassigned Pell’s refugee responsibilities to the notoriously anti-refugee European Division. “Breckinridge Long and his fellow restrictionists at the State Department, with their bureaucratic weaponry, had succeeded not only in closing the United States to the refugees but also in closing the hemisphere to them as well.”

After these events played out, Alfred Wagg most probably made this scrapbook for Robert Pell as a final record & memory of their work together establishing Sosua in the Dominican Republic.

Three sources of opposition probably doomed Sosua from the start, including: 1-US assistant secretary of state Breckinridge Long’s opposition to the resettlement of European refugees; 2-Zionists opposed the Sosua solution as a distraction from their main strategy, which was settlement in Palestine; 3-Franklin D. Roosevelt’s indecisiveness. In a high-profile incident, Roosevelt refused political asylum to the passengers of the MS St. Louis ocean liner, forcing them back to Europe. There were 937 European Jews on the St. Louis who were refused entry in the United States. 757 refugees were saved at Sosua. Yet the St. Louis incident has taken on emblematic significance, while the Sosúa colony has remained in relative obscurity.

Trujillo offered to resettle 100,000 Jewish refugees from Europe, yet less than 800 refugees ever made it to Sosua. The Sosua experiment became a story of what might have been rather than what was. One settler at Sosua remembered that “No one wanted us … he was the only one who took us in.” $600 - $800 BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | Reformers 250 Louis Pasteur ANS Louis Pasteur (1822-1895). ANS. 1p, 3.75 x 5 in. with “LP” device at top.

N.p. [Paris], n.d. Short note to Madame Disant(?) telling her that it is with great honor that he accepts her invitation for Monday, 12 May. Signed “L. Pasteur.” Framed with part of the cover with Paris postmark.

Louis Pasteur was a French chemist who became known as the “father of microbiology,” most famously for the process that still bears his name, pasteurization. He also created vaccines, especially for rabies and anthrax, saving many thousands of lives. His work in causes and prevention of disease, such as “childbirth fever,” has saved many more. While less well known, his work in chemistry also contributed to our knowledge of the structure of organic compounds among other discoveries. $800 - $1,200

251 Florence Nightingale, British Nursing Pioneer, ALS Florence Nightingale (1820-1910). ALS, 1p, 5 x 8 in., on stationery with Nightingale’s home address, London, August 3, 1881, to Francis T. King, accepting an appointment with either him or a Dr. Billings, but not both due to her illness, signed Florence Nightingale. Framed with a hand-colored engraving, 13.75 x 14.25 in. overall, with a partial Charles Hamilton Autographs label and seal on frame’s backing. $600 - $800

AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | Business 252 Andrew Carnegie Signed Photograph with Provenance Andrew Carnegie (1835-1919). Scottish-American industrialist, businessman, entrepreneur, and major philanthropist. Signed photograph, 7 x 9 in., mounted, 10 x 12 in. Signed by Carnegie and inscribed, For Mr. John W. DeVoy, Esq., Brooklyn / New York, December 18th, 1905. Also hand-signed by the photographer in the lower right corner, Davis and Sanford, which was the prestigious studio founded in 1892 that catered mainly to photographing New York’s social elite.

In 1901, the Brooklyn Public Library, the New York Public Library, and representatives of Andrew Carnegie reached an agreement which called for the construction of 20 branch libraries in the Borough of Brooklyn. A committee was appointed to select the sites for these buildings and to oversee their construction. The Carnegie Committee was chaired by David A. Boody (former mayor of Brooklyn and President of the Board of Trustees of the Brooklyn Public Library), with members Daniel W. McWillians, R. Ross Appleton, and John W. DeVoy, the recipient of this photograph. $700 - $1,000

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AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | Inventors & Scientists 253 Samuel F.B. Morse ANS Samuel F.B. Morse (1791-1872). 1p, 4.5 x 7 in., New York, Dec. 11, 1860. Short note, probably in response to a request for an autograph: This is for your friend in compliance with your request. Signed Saml. F.B. Morse.

Samuel Finley Breese Morse was born in Charlestown, MA, the son of a Calvinist pastor. After studying at Yale, taking a range of classes such as religious philosophy, mathematics, and electricity, he supported himself by painting (early ones often had a religious theme). While working on a commissioned portrait of Lafayette in 1825, his wife suddenly became ill and died. By the time Morse received notice and was able to get home, she had already been buried. He determined then that rapid long distance communication was essential. Over the next few years he explored new inventions and breakthroughs in electromagnetism. Along with Charles Jackson of Boston, he developed a single-wire telegraph and subsequently the code which became the primary “language” of the telegraph for over a century. $500 - $700

254 Albert Einstein TLS in German Albert Einstein (1879-1955). TLS, 1p, 8 x 10 in., with embossed personal letterhead.

Princeton, New Jersey, April 26, 1938. Addressed to John Stone in St. Petersburg, Florida. Advises Stone to continue his study of mathematics in his free time but not to attempt to enter the field professionally, due to his age and the lack of employment opportunities in the field. Translation included.

Plus a full sheet of 8 cent Albert Einstein stamps, 100 in total, issued March 1966. $1,500 - $2,500

Verso Detail

255 Neil Armstrong Signed Photograph Neil Armstrong (1930-2012). Apollo 11 crew member and the first man to set foot on the moon (July 1969). NASA photograph, uninscribed, signed in blue felt-tip. Likely from the early 1970s. We have scanned dozens of Armstrong signatures from this period and this one is a bit different, probably not an autopen.

Accompanied by a photo of a Boy Scout gathering of over 100 scouts with Armstrong front and center (the only one not in uniform). Possibly the occasion on which the photo was signed. $1,000 - $1,500

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MAPS 256 Willem Janszoon Blaeu, Early Map of the New World, 1635 Blaeu, Willem J. Nova Belgica et Anglia Nova. 1635. Color example of one of the most important maps in the history of America. Oriented to the west, this map covers the American coast from Virginia, past New York and Long Island to Cape Code, New England, and Quebec.

It is cartographically derived from data accumulated by Adriaen Bock and other Dutch fur traders active in the early 17th century. It is known for a number of important firsts, including the first full representation of Manhattan as an Island. Plate size approx. 19.8 x 15.3 in.

After Henry Hudson’s rediscovery in 1609 of the river that now bears his name, rapid progress was made in the mapping of New York. Most of the maps of southern New York that appeared in the first three-quarters of the seventeenth century were the work of Dutch explorers and cartographers.

Hudson and his successors quickly determined the configuration of the Hudson River up to the limits of its navigability. In 1613-1614, Adriaen Block, a Dutch explorer and fur trader, sailed around Long Island, and sketched out its overall appearance.

The 1635 Blaeu map of New Netherland and New England reflects these early Dutch explorations. It is largely based on a manuscript map, the famous “Adriaen Block Chart”; of 1614.

Long Island (called Matowacs on this map), is shown as broken up by waterways—a feature taken from the Block Chart. Lake Champlain is still displaced far to the east—a feature which Block copied from an unpublished map by Champlain. A number of important place names make their first cartographic appearance on this map. These include “Manhates” (Manhattan), “Hellegat” (Hell Gate), and “Adrian Blocks eylandt” (Block Island). The beginnings of Dutch settlement in this area are reflected in the place names “New Amsterdam” and “Fort Orange” (near Albany). The numerous Dutch place names along the coast of New England are mostly copied from the Block chart, although Plymouth is added.

This and other early Dutch maps are important sources of information about local Indians. A number of tribes are named, including the

Mohawks (“Maques”) and Mohegans (“Mahikans”). Birch bark and dugout canoes are shown, as well as somewhat fancifully drawn Indian settlements. American wildlife, including turkey and beaver, are also illustrated. These illustrations, which were frequently copied on later maps, were important sources of information about life in the New World for Europeans who remained at home.

The whole map is adorned by deer, foxes, bears, egrets, rabbits, cranes and turkeys. Beavers, polecats and otters appear on a printed map for the first time. The Mohawk Indian village top right is derived from the de Bry-White engravings.

It is of note that this map was issued in a number of editions but only a single state. Editions are generally identified by the text appearing on the verso with twelve documented editions, three each in Dutch, Latin, German, and French. $1,500 - $2,500

257 Tanner’s Map of Ohio and Indiana Tanner, H.S. Ohio and Indiana. With American Atlas in top margin.

Copyright May 1819 by Tanner, Vallance, Kearny & Co. 20.25 x 26 in. Below lower left neatline, Tanner credits A. Bourne and S. Williams of Chillicothe for providing information for the map, and notes that some information is from the works of DeFerrer, Ellicott, Volney, Darby, Brown, Drake, Cramer, Kilbourn, &c., &c. It is very unusual for mapmakers to credit their sources. Only about the southern third of Indiana, along the Ohio River and the mouths of its tributaries, has any features noted; the northern regions are flagged as still being native territory and after the failure of Tecumseh’s rebellion, they were mostly removed to Indian Territory in the following two decades. This is a last view of the state primarily controlled by its aboriginal inhabitants.

Ohio was carved out of the Northwest Territory and admitted as a state in 1803. This left Michigan to her north. The capital of the remaining NWT was set up in Vincennes, IN with William Henry Harrison as governor. Then the Illinois Territory was formed, leaving Indiana more or less in her present shape. Indiana was admitted as the 19th state in 1816, and Illinois as the 21st in 1818. Indiana rapidly “filled in” after statehood, and the capital was moved from Corydon (in the south) to Indianapolis in 1825, a town which did not even exist in 1819 when this map was drafted. By the 1822 printing of the map, the state has “filled in” to nearly its center.

A picture of history in the making.

Henry Schenck Tanner (1786-1858) was born in New York. His first publishing company was established in Philadelphia. His American

Atlas was published initially in five parts from 1818 to 1823, and several more editions with updated maps were issued until the final one in 1839. Tanner’s atlases contained many “firsts,” not the least of which was the first map of Texas. $700 - $1,000

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MAPS 258 Map of the Bounty Lands in Illinois Territory by John Gardiner, Signed by Gardiner Gardiner, John. 16.75 x 21 in., titled Map of the Bounty Lands in Illinois Territory,

by John Gardiner, Chief Clerk, Gen’l Land Office. [Washington] Signed boldly

by Gardiner at lower left. 16.5 x 21 in. The very southern “tail” of the range highlighted red. Lower left is Gardiner’s typical enlargement of this area, with the river hand-colored blue and description of one quarter section, which is hand-colored red: Fractional township 13 South of Range 1 West / Description of the SE 1/4 section 20 in Township 13 south of range 1 West from the surveyors returns. Rolling woodland / Timber Oak Hickory &c / Underwood Sassafrass hazel &c.

Congress passed an act in May 1812 which set aside lands in what is now Arkansas, Michigan and Illinois as payment for service in the War of 1812 (and had done so after the Revolution, but those lands were in the Northwest Territory). Not only was it a way to pay veterans without needing a cash outlay, but it also continued the westward expansion of the nation and helped to “civilize” these lands. Illinois became a state in 1818 in part because of this rapid influx of settlers.

John Gardiner was the chief clerk of the GLO during the War of 1812 (and he is credited with saving the records by taking them out of Washington when the British attacked). He composed a number of maps of the available lands, and in December 1818 he proposed that Congress give all War of 1812 veterans a copy of the maps with available bounty lands. Congress apparently passed on this suggestion. This may be part of the reason he started describing all the lots himself on each copy of the maps that were sent to veterans. The process had to be shortened (obviously), so parts of the descriptions were preprinted.

Streeter [1430] notes: “This is the first map that Phillips lists under Illinois, and it is perhaps the first map showing a considerable part of Illinois with “Illinois” in the title.” $800 - $1,000

259 Lloyd’s Official Map of the State of Virginia from Actual Surveys

by Order of the Executive 1828 & 1859, Corrected and Revised in 1862 Lloyd’s Official Map of the State of Virginia from Actual Surveys by Order of the Executive 1828 & 1859, Corrected and Revised by J.T. Lloyd to 1862, from Surveys made by Capt. W. Angelo Powell, of the U.S. Topographical Engineers of Gen. Rosecrans’ Staff. Below: N.B. This is the only map used to Plan campaigns in Virginia by Gen. McClellan. 30 x 48 in., linen backed, but not dissected, in 4 x 7 in. cloth folder with gilt front lettering.

Counties colored. Inside folder is manuscript list of populations in 1860 of various counties (his spelling): Culpepper, Fairfax, Fauquier, Loudon, Louisa, Madison, Orange, Prince William, and Rappahannock. J. Pringle Hiester Jones 1st Lieut. Co. K 2nd Penna. Cavalry of Reading 168

COWAN’S AMERICAN HISTORY

Penna. Lieutenant Jones has outlined the southern border of Pennsylvania at top of the map, and underlined a number of towns, all in red. The 2nd PA Cav. was organized around Philadelphia and Harrisburg in September 1861. Co. K was recruited in Philadelphia and Berk Counties. Jones resigned in June 1863. $1,000 - $2,000 BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

Detail

MAPS

260 J.B. Rand, Pocket Map of the United States Lloyd, H.H. New Map of the United States. Published by J.B. Rand, Concord, N.H., 1867. 32.5 x 33.5 in. in 4 x 6 in. brown cloth folder with gilt title. Printed by F. Bourquin, Philadelphia. This extremely rare pocket map dates from just after the Civil War and documents the more occupied parts of the United States. For each, it illustrates counties, hand-colored in green, yellow, blue, pink. States are outlined in red. It does not cover California and other areas recently part of Mexico. In the states west of the Mississippi (Nebraska, Kansas, Texas), only the eastern half shows counties. The entire map is bordered by vines of oak leaves and acorns with small vignettes approx. every 6 inches or so. Along the right and top, the vignettes are a plow in front of a haystack (probably representing farming). The ones along the top are sideways, as if this is a strip applied to the side of the master map. This is reinforced by the vignettes along the left (and a couple at bottom) that are a cornucopia in the foreground with a large building (warehouse?) in the background and a “forest” of ship masts visible to the left (probably representing commerce). The ones on the left are upside-down. There are breaks in the border where it encounters various chart insets.

At the top are three profiles: Elevation of the route proposed by Lieut.

Whipple for the Pacific railroad; elevation profile for the U.S. from Atlantic to Pacific at 42o N. latitude; and a profile (undersea) of the

telegraphic plateau, from Newfoundland to Valentia (Island, Ireland).

[42o N. latitude runs from about Cape Cod along the PennsylvaniaNew York border across the plains to the Idaho and Oregon borders with Utah, Nevada and California.] There is a table of areas and populations for each state; a table of distances between cities (“AirLine” miles, or today, distances “as the crow flies”); plus a short table of wars (“Old French War” - 11 years), Revolution, War of 1812, Mexican and “The Great Southern Rebellion.”

Little is known of J.B. Rand. The only J. Rand we found in the Concord, NH City Directory of 1867 was Jacob B. at Court, near Summer (streets). In 1881 (city directory) a J.B. Rand at 11 Court St. is a Real Estate Agent. Note: This is not the Rand of Rand-McNally, the latter being a Chicago-based full-time cartographic business. According to an advertising leaflet that has surfaced, J.B. Rand appears to have published books of the 1860 and 1870 Censuses, and seems to have prepared patent papers, made engravings of machines, and maps for “traveling men” (salesmen). Other City Directories show a J.B. Rand as a machinist or maker of piano hardware. We also found a J.B. Rand as a co-patentee for several items in the early 1870s along with Horace Call. One patent under Rand alone is for “Composition for Welding Iron and Steel” (87,968 in 1871). Generally, a “jack of many trades,” if not all trades. $1,000 - $3,000

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BOOKS 261 History of England, Bowyer Edition, 10 Volumes Hume, David. The History of England, from the Invasion of Julius Caesar to the Revolution in 1688. London: Robert Bowyer, printed by T. Bensley, 1806. Large folio (20 in. tall), 3/4 green Morocco over marbled paper boards, gilt spine lettering and edges of lea., six spine bands. Each of Hume’s volumes is contained in two volumes here (i.e., Hume’s Table of Contents for Volume One is contained in Vols.

I and 2.) Each chapter with initial illustrated page. Edges of leaves not trimmed.

Vol. 1: frontis of Hume, documents presenting the work to the king and parliament, life of David Hume (i-viii), letter (ix-xiii), [xiv-xvi], second frontis, 352pp. This volume covers the Britons, Anglo-Saxons, Norman conquest, through Stephen (1135-1154).

Vol. 2: tp, pp. 353 - 759, Henry II to the reign of Edward I and the continued attempt of Scotland to revolt under William Wallace and Robert Bruce.

Vol. 3: tp, Table of Contents (Second Volume), [1]-428. Edward II to Edward IV (1482).

Vol. 4: tp, pp 429 - 883. Edward V to Henry VIII (table of contents indicates that Henry VII has two chapters, and Henry VIII has six). (1547) Vol. 5: tp, Table of Contents (3rd Volume). Pp. [1] - 384. Edward VI to Elizabeth (I).

Vol. 6: tp, pp. 385 - 821. Elizabeth to James (1625). In the Appendix to the Reign of James I, Hume goes into various topics, such as government, ecclesiastical government, manners, finances, military matters, manufactures, colonies and the arts. He notes: “What chiefly renders the reign of James memorable is the commencement of the English colonies in America;... Queen Elizabeth had done little more than given a name to the continent of Virginia; and, after her planting one feeble colony, which quickly decayed, that country was entirely abandoned.” He also addresses literature and the arts, including Shakespeare and the other poets and writers, Chaucer, Spenser, Johnson, Milton, Bacon, etc.

Vol. 7: tp, Table of Contents (Fourth Volume), [1] - 411. Charles I to 1647. (Charles I has ten chapters.)

Vol. 8: tp, 413 - 836. Charles I to Charles II (1674).

Vol. 9: tp, Table of Contents, Charles II to James II. pp. [1] - 322. (ca 1689).

Vol. 10: tp, 323 - 638. James II (to 341). Remainder of vol. is notes and index, etc.

Hume’s The History of England first appeared in six volumes in 1754, 1756, 1759 and 1761. The first two volumes to be published were 5 (1754) and 6 (1756), under the title The History of Great Britain, covering basically 1603-1688. The history of the Tudors was the subsequent two volumes, and finally two volumes tracing the origins of the English nation, and becoming the History of England. Hume was one of the first to focus on topics other than kings and battles, such as manners, arts, manufactures, government, finance.

The work was long considered the standard of English history, even though it upset all political persuasions. But as a result, it has gone through at least a hundred editions. This, Bowyer’s massive “atlas folio,” is one of the more sumptuous and desirable ones, including 196 illustrations. Originally sold to subscribers in paper and card folios with paper labels on front, who then had them bound to suit.

These volumes show enough wear to make one believe they have been in the family for generations, but not enough to endanger the integrity of the volume. $1,500 - $2,500 170

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BOOKS 262 House Servant’s Directory, 1828 Roberts, Robert. The House Servant’s Directory. Or a Monitor for Private Families: Comprising Hints on the Arrangement and Performance of Servants’ Work, with General Rules for Setting Out Tables and Sideboards in First Order; the Art of Waiting in all its Branches; and Likewise How to Conduct Large and Small Parties with Order; with General Directions for Placing on Table all Kinds of Joints, Fish, Fowl, &c. with Full Instructions for Cleaning Plate, Brass, Steel, Glass, Mahogany; and Likewise All Kinds of Patent and Common Lamps: Observations on Servants’ Behaviour to their Employers; and Upwards of 100 Various and Useful Receipts, Chiefly Compiled for the Use of House Servants; and Identically Made to Suit the Manners and Customs of Families in the United States. Boston: Munroe and Francis, 1828, second ed. 12mo, recently rebound, 180pp.

Robert Roberts (1780-1860) was the butler for Christopher Gore (Gore House, Greater Boston), Governor and Senator from Massachusetts.

This book is thought to have been the first commercially published book written by an African American (free). It was popular enough to go through three editions.

Property from the Collection of Jane D. Diehl, Cincinnati, OH $1,000 - $2,000

263 Hall’s Western Reader, 1st Edition Hall, James, ed. The Western Reader; a Series of Useful Lessons, Designed to Succeed. Cincinnati (OH): Corey, Fairbank, 1833. 16mo, half-leather with printed paper board, 216pp. Rare early edition.

Includes the description from an early book catalog (presumably from whom the consignor purchased the volume). No seller information, but the buyer penciled in “1960” by the price. That bookseller had an extensive description: With a mother who was a talented Philadelphia literateur; a brother who published THE PORTFOLIO, and another brother who edited it; although Hall succeeded in establishing himself as an attorney in the Ohio country; it is not surprising that he became intent upon fostering and making substantial contributions to an Ohio valley literature.

Proudly proclaiming that it was “purely American and chiefly composed of the productions of western writers,” he launched his WESTERN READER. Among those western writers were AUDUBON, BEECHER, DANIEL AND BENJAMIN DRAKE, MORGAN NEVILLE, JOHN B. DILLON, OTWAY CURRY, H.M. BRACKENRIDGE, et al; to say nothing of several extracts from Long’s First Expedition. Alas! He reckoned without a most important intangible; - that deep-seated literary snobbery with which western readers were afflicted, and which was to send the Cary sisters, William Dean Howells, and many another brilliant writer to the east in search of encouragement and support.

Contrawise, McGuffey lifted his texts from eastern publications, and though prosecuted for infringement of copyrights; he was dealing with backwoodsmen, and his work succeeded where Hall’s failed. — Anon. (if anyone knows the author, we will gladly credit them) James Hall (1793-1868) would go on to write the biographies to accompany the portraits of the Indian leaders portrayed in McKenney & Hall’s History of the Indian Tribes. He also collected stories from the West, which were published in several volumes (The Soldier’s Bride and other Tales, The Harpe’s Head, a Legend of Kentucky, Sketches of the West, Tales of the Border, Notes on the Western States, Romance of Western History, and more).

Property from the Collection of Jane D. Diehl, Cincinnati, OH $800 - $1,000

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BOOKS 264 Two Volumes of Bound Pamphlets Containing Political Speeches, Campaign Material, & More, 18601880 Lot of 2 volumes containing hundreds of pamphlets.

Both with speeches, campaign material and more bound together. Volume with “10” on spine. Several pamphlets bound into this volume are: “Remarks of Hon. James A. Garfield, in the House of Representatives, April 14, 1866. On the first Anniversary of the Death of Abraham Lincoln. And Extracts from General Garfield’s Speeches. Plus General Garfield as a Statesman and Orator. New York: National Republican Committee, 1880. Some of these were surely printed as campaign pamphlets.

National Association of the Red Cross. The Red Cross of the Geneva Convention. What it is, its Origin and History.

Dansville (NY): A.G. Bunnell/Dansville Advertiser, 1881.16mo, no wraps, 96pp.

Poore, Ben. Perley. The Life and Public Services of John Sherman. Sherman, brother of General William Tecumseh Sherman, was a Congressman from Ohio during the Civil War (House 1855-1861; Senate 1861-1877), and principal author of the Sherman Antitrust Act. He also tried to get his party’s nomination for the Presidential ticket a number of times, so this is also likely a campaign piece.

Faulkner, T.C. History of the Revolution in the Southern States;... New York: 1861.

Lincoln, Abraham. The Address of the Hon. Abraham Lincoln, ...Delivered at Cooper Institute, February 27th, 1860. New York: George F. Nesbitt & Co., 1860. Wraps were removed for binding. We think this is the first edition of this important speech. One usually encounters the 1907 reprint, but this was bound with other pamphlets of the 1860s - 1880s.

There is nothing later than about 1882 in this volume.

Buckman, Benjamin E. Samuel J. Tilden Unmasked! New York: by the Author, 1876.

[Morton, George] The Book for the Nation and the Times by a Citizen, U.S.N.A. Philadelphia: William S. & Alfred Martien, 1864.

And many, many more. Spine and boards are separated, but present. It was bound in 3/4 leather with marbled paper boards and endpapers.

A few of the first pamphlets also disbound. Textblock is divided into several large groups. One of the problems for the binder and handling of this volume is that there are many different sizes of pamphlets, putting uneven pressure on the spine.

The second volume is similar, but does not contain the well-known pieces that the first does. This also has dozens of pamphlets and speeches, some campaign literature. Smaller 8vo, watered silk over 3/4 leather boards, marbled endpapers. Spine with No. 9. Boards are separated, but spine is holding.

Leather is chipping off of the spine, however.

Textblock is still together. Includes titles such as: Letters of Acceptance of Hon. J.A. Garfield and Gen. C.A. Arthur and the Platform Adopted by the Republican National Convention. 13pp.

Page, H.F. Restriction of Chinese Immigration. Speech of Hon. H.F. Page of California, in the House of Representatives, January 28th, 1870.

“Land for the Landless.” The Record of Parties on the Homestead Principle. 8pp.

“Home Rule” in the Solid South.

Garfield and Arthur Campaign Song Book. 1880.

Washington (DC): Republican Congressional Committee, 1880.

Worthington, T. A Correct History of Grant at the Battle of Shiloh Respectfully Dedicated to the Armies of the Ohio and the Tennessee: Their Living and Their Dead.

Washington (DC): Thomas McGill & Co., 1880.

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There are several speeches on Tariffs and Taxes; on the economic implications of the election (1880?); on Reconstruction; on trade and other relations with Mexico (“The attention of the people in every quarter of the country sees to be drawn with unusual interest to our relations with Mexico. We are finding it extremely burdensome to maintain a heavy border-guard on their frontier, and very painful to listen to the appeals of our people for protection...” page 4) And we still have not worked it out nearly a century and a half later....

English Neutrality. Is the Alabama a British Pirate? Philadelphia: Henry B. Ashmead, 1863.

There are speeches with headings such as: Greenbacks as Good as Gold.

And Coinage of Silver Dollars. And Home Labor vs. Foreign Labor. Plus Southern War Claims. In addition to: Jefferson Davis - Amnesty. In the House of Representatives, Monday, January 10, 1876.

Adams, F.C. Washers and Scrubbers....The Blackest Chapter in the History of the Republican Party. The Men who Robbed and Combined to Rob the Freedmen of their Hard Earnings.

And much more.... $1,000 - $2,000

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BOOKS

265 Isis Unveiled: A Master-Key to the Mysteries of Ancient and Modern Science and Theology, 2 Volume Set, First Edition, 1877 Blavatsky, H.P. Isis Unveiled: A Master-Key to the Mysteries of Ancient and Modern Science and Theology. New York: J.W. Bouton; London: B. Quaritch, 1877, First edition. 2 vols. Large 8vo, original red cloth, giltlettered & pictorial spines, 1320pp plus 26pp advertising.

A rare printing of H.P. Blavatsky’s first major work on theosophy, which examines religion and science in the light of Western and Oriental ancient wisdom and occult as well as spiritualistic phenomena. $3,000 - $5,000

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BOOKS 266 History of the American Fauna, 3 Vols., ca 1877 Holder, Joseph B. (1824-1888). History of the American Fauna. And a General Natural History of the World: Being a Popular Account of the Structure, Habits, and Classification of the Various Departments of the Animal Kingdom, Quadrupeds, Birds, Reptiles, Fishes, Shells, and Insects, Including the Insects Destructive to Agriculture. By Sir John Richardson, William S. Dallas and T. Spencer Corbold, Assisted

by William Baird and Adam White. New York: Virtue & Yorston, n.d., ca 1877 (WorldCat), 3 vols. 4to, 3/4 brown morocco over marbled paper boards, matching marbled endpapers. All volumes have hundreds of illustrations within the text, plus separate additional steel engraved plates, some colored, five spine bands, top edges gilt, gilt spine lettering. Vol. 1, 65 plates (numbering is not consecutive), including frontis (numbered as Plate 12), 28 of which are colored, 446 numb. pp. Vol. 2, 69 plates, five of which are colored (frontis is plate 2), 406pp. Vol. 3, 9 plates, 4 of which are colored, including frontis which is Plate VII; volume numbered [i] - ccxc (290).

Inside each ffep is early owner’s identification: W.W. Smith / Trinity Hall / Washington Pa. / NY, Nov. 27, 1891. Bottom page edges of all three also with red stamp “W.W. Smith.” William Wrenshall Smith opened his home as Trinity Hall Academy in 1879 as a boys’ military school. U.S. Grant Smith assumed control in 1895, after which there was a waiting list for enrollment. The academy closed in 1906.

According to his obituary in the New York Times (1 March 1888) Joseph B. Holder (1824-1888) was educated at Harvard Medical School and began practicing medicine in his hometown of Lynn, MA. Through the influence of Profs. Agassiz and Baird he received an appointment as a naturalist and physician to the Dry Tortugas, where he began studying invertebrates. He began publishing on invertebrates, and zoology in general, shortly after. He served as an Army Surgeon during the Civil War, and in 1870 went to New York as Curator of Invertebrate Zoology at the American Museum of Natural History. He was also a member of all of the other prestigious associations of the day: New York Academy of Sciences, Society of American Naturalists, American Ornithological Union, the Harvard Club, the Linnaean Society of New York.

In addition to this “Fauna Americana,” he continued making contributions to various magazines such as Harper’s, Century, Scientific American, and others. $500 - $700

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BOOKS 267 Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, First Edition Clemens, Samuel (Mark Twain). Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. (Tom Sawyer’s Comrade). New York: Charles L. Webster and Company, 1885.

8vo, illustrated green cloth with gilt front and spine, 366pp.

This copy has most of the first edition points: Page 13: erroneous reference to page 88 for “Him and another Man,” [later changed to 87].

Page 9:”Huck Decided to Leave” [later changed to “Decides”].

Frontis bust of Twain with table scarf visible.

Page 57: “with the was” [later changed to “with the saw”].

Page 155: there is a font difference between the two 5s.

The only second printing point: Page 283 does not appear to be conjugate with title page, and Uncle Silas has a straight fly. $2,000 - $4,000

268 Little Women, First Edition Alcott, Louisa M. Little Women. Boston: Roberts Brothers, 1868 (Vol. 1) and 1869 (Vol. 2). 16mo, original terra cotta cloth, gilt front and spine.

Currently housed in a custom clamshell box. Terminal ads indicate the price at $1.25, but some think they all are (i.e. there are no ads in later editions with the $1.50 price indicted). Spine does not indicate Vol. 1. Vol. 2 has no notice of first part on p. iv. Has same terminal ads as second state, that is, p. 364 with four entries and p. 366 with “Handy Volume Series / I. / Happy Thoughts....” Comes with communication and receipt from New Orleans bookseller. $1,500 - $3,000

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BOOKS 269 Magic Hours Wherein We Cast a Fly Here & There...

Connett, Eugene V. 3rd (1891-1969). Magic Hours / Wherein we cast a fly here & there / As we wade along together. New York: Privately printed by the author, for The Angler’s Club of New York [by Derrydale Press], 1927. 24mo, greenish-grey boards, tan cloth spine, paper label on front; top edge trimmed, others untrimmed. This copy number 58 of the 89 printed; two tipped in illustrations on india paper, one in front of each part. Inscribed and signed on ffep: “To my old friend and comrade Frank J. Lowe / Sincerely / Eugene Connett 3d.” Connett produced this little volume entirely by his own hand, intending to produce 100 copies (as the limitation page states), but only completed 89 before running out of paper.

This very collectible volume is also the first with the Derrydale imprint. $10,000 - $20,000

Details

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NEWSPAPERS & OTHER IMPRINTS 270 Rare Illustrated News Broadside Featuring Engraving of the Siege of Wolgast, Germany, 1675 News broadside, 13 x 14.5 in., engraved and printed in Germany, 1675. This is an exceedingly rare and early news broadside, illustrating a battle and siege during one of the Northern Wars in Europe. The news engraving shows the Siege of Wolgast, Germany (then known as Swedish Pomerania) by Denmark during the Scanian War. Below the engraving is a detailed descriptive text printed in the German language of this siege and battle.

Illustrated news engravings of the 16th and 17th centuries were a very early form of news dissemination, and are really “views as news.” $1,000 - $1,500

271 Gazette of the United States, Philadelphia, PA, October 29, 1791, Featuring Proclamation from George Washington Gazette of the United States, Philadelphia, PA, Oct. 29, 1791. 4pp, 10 x 16 in. This newspaper contains a front page printing of a proclamation dated Oct. 17, 1791, and signed in type by President George Washington. The proclamation is titled, Terms and Conditions declared by the President of the United States this seventeenth day of October, seventeen hundred and ninety-one, for regulating the Materials and manner of the Buildings and Improvements to the Lots in the City of Washington.

This is a “first printing” of the Proclamation by President George Washington for the building of the US Federal Capital City of Washington, DC. $500 - $700

272 Columbian Centinel Extra, Boston, MA, December 19, 1791, First Report of St. Clair’s Defeat, Greatest American Indian Defeat of US Army Columbian Centinel Extra, Boston, MA, Dec. 19, 1791. 4pp, 9 x 11.5 in. An “extra” edition (in a reduced page size from the usual regular edition) with front page “stacked” headlines...By a gentleman who arrived in town yesterday from New York, the Editor received the following melancholy intelligence...The entire issue is devoted to a “first report” (and a very long, detailed report) of St. Clair’s Defeat, the worst defeat of the US Army at the hands of American Indians.

St. Clair’s Defeat, which is also known as the Battle of Wabash/Wabash River or the Battle of Thousand Slain, was fought in the Northwest Territory between the US and the Western Confederacy of American Indians on November 4, 1791, as part of the Northwest Indian War. Led by Little Turtle of the Miamis, Buckongahelas of the Delaware, and Blue Jacket of the Shawnees, the war party numbered more than 1000 warriors, including a large number of Potawatomis from eastern Michigan and St. Joseph.

General Arthur St. Clair led the opposing force of approx. 1000 Americans.

Only 24 soldiers escaped unharmed, and as a result of the crushing defeat, President Washington forced St. Clair to resign his post. $800 - $1,000 SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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NEWSPAPERS & OTHER IMPRINTS 273 Gazette of the United States, Philadelphia, PA, March 6, 1793, Featuring Report of George Washington’s Second Presidential Inauguration Gazette of the United States, Philadelphia, PA, March 6, 1793. 4pp, 10.5 x 17 in. This issue contains an inside page, .25 in. column report of the second inauguration of George Washington as President of the United States. It describes in detail the administration of the oath of office and prints the oath in full as Washington repeated it after it was read to him by US Supreme Court Justice Cushing. This may be the earliest printing of the description of Washington’s second inauguration, which took place on March 4, 1793. $600 - $800

274 The Connecticut Courant, Hartford, December 14, 1795, George Washington’s Seventh State of the Union Address The Connecticut Courant, Hartford, CT, Dec. 14, 1795. 4pp, 11.5 x 18.5 in. This issue contains a complete inside page printing of the seventh State of the Union Address by President George Washington. $500 - $700

275 Columbian Centinel, Boston, MA, December 25, 1799, Breaking News of George Washington’s Death Columbian Centinel, Boston, MA, Dec. 25, 1799. 4pp, 12 x 18.75 in.

This issue has breaking news of the death of George Washington.

All four pages have black “mourning” borders and there is an inside page headline: Washington is No More. Following the headline is a .75 in. column of news with a “first report” of the death of George Washington. There are also front page “stacked” headlines and a full printing of Washington’s Farewell Address of 1796, when he declared he would not run for a third term as US President. Very displayable issue on Washington’s death. $1,000 - $1,500

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NEWSPAPERS & OTHER IMPRINTS 276 The Evening Fireside, Philadelphia, PA, July 20, 1805, Earliest Newspaper Account of the Lewis and Clark Expedition The Evening Fireside, Philadelphia, PA, July 20, 1805. 8pp, 8.5 x 10.25 in. This issue contains a 2-column, back page report of news from the Lewis and Clark Expedition (The Corps of Discovery Expedition) to Louisiana Territory. This is the earliest newspaper account of the expedition, which left St. Louis in May, 1804, upon the instructions of President Thomas Jefferson. $500 - $800

277 The Repertory, Boston, MA, December 12, 1806, Thomas Jefferson’s State of the Union Announcing Newly Purchased Louisiana Territory The Repertory, Boston, MA, Dec. 12, 1806. 4pp, 13 x 19.25 in. This newspaper contains Thomas Jefferson’s State of the Union Address, the speech in which President Jefferson first announced publicly the successful conclusion of the Lewis and Clark Expedition of Discovery of the newly purchased Louisiana Territory.

The address includes the following excerpt: The expedition of Messrs. Lewis and Clarke for exploring the river Missouri and the best communication from that to the Pacific Ocean has had all the success which could have been expected. They have traced the Missouri nearly to its source, descended the Columbia to the Pacific Ocean, ascertained with accuracy the geography of that interesting communication across our continent, learnt the character of the country, of its commerce and inhabitants; and it is but justice to say that Messrs.

Lewis and Clarke and their brave companions have by this arduous service deserved well of their country... $500 - $700

278 Western Monitor, Lexington, KY, August 1821 Issue Owned by John Quincy Adams, Containing Report on Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819 Western Monitor, Lexington, KY, Aug. 7, 1821. 4pp, 14.5 x 20.5 in. This issue contains an inside page report of the US taking possession of Florida from Spain under the terms of the Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819. This issue was owned by, delivered to, and read by John Quincy Adams (the “Adams” in the Adams-Onis Treaty) when Adams was the Secretary of State in the James Monroe Administration. Hon. John Q. Adams is written in contemporary brown iron gall ink in the top blank margin on the front page, indicating that this issued was delivered to Adams while serving as Secretary of State. Great “association item” for the early requisition of Florida by the US. $500 - $700

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NEWSPAPERS & OTHER IMPRINTS 279 Star, and North Carolina State Gazette, Raleigh, December 9, 1829, Broadsheet Extra with President Andrew Jackson’s State of the Union Address Star, and North Carolina State Gazette, single sheet “extra.” Raleigh, NC, Dec. 9, 1829. 13.75 x 20.75 in. This broadsheet extra includes the 1829 State of the Union Address delivered by President Andrew Jackson, which was his first. This particular address is notable because it contains Jackson’s first public pronouncement of his Indian Removal Policy, which would result in the forced migration of the American Indians from their historical ancestral territory in the Southeastern US, and the Trail of Tears to follow this policy. Accompanied by an issue of the Star, and North Carolina State Gazette, Nov. 19, 1829. 4pp, 15 x 22 in. $800 - $1,000

280 The Vermont Patriot, January 26, 1830, Two Broadsheet Newspaper Extras Featuring Complete Printings of “Daniel Webster’s Second Reply” Speech Vermont Patriot, Montpelier, VT, Jan. 26, 1830. 2 complete, original broadsheet single sheet newspaper “extras,” printed on both sides, each approx. 15 x 21.75 in., boldly headed Supplement, featuring complete printing of “Daniel Webster’s Second Reply” speech, which was given by Webster to the US Senate during the Webster-Haynes debates over Nullification on Jan. 26, 1830. This speech, in which Webster describes the US Government as “made for the people, made by the people, and answerable to the people,” was later paraphrased by Abraham Lincoln when delivering the Gettysburg Address and is thought by many historians to be the most eloquent speech given in the US Senate by a member. $700 - $900

281 The Liberator, Boston, MA, November 17, 1832, Early Issue of Famous Anti-Slavery Newspaper The Liberator, Boston, MA, Nov. 17, 1832. 4pp, 13 x 18.75 in. This is a very early issue (Volume II - #46) of the famous Anti-Slavery newspaper edited by William Lloyd Garrison. It contains almost exclusively anti-slavery news and essays. It also contains several anti-slavery engravings, including a front page masthead engraving showing a slave auction in the South; an inside page engraving of slaves thrown overboard from a slave ship (to drown); and a female slave imploring her master, Am I not a woman and a sister? A rare, early example of The Liberator. $700 - $900

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NEWSPAPERS & OTHER IMPRINTS

282 Richmond Enquirer, Two Issues, April and June, 1836, Texas War of Independence, Coverage of Battles of Alamo and Goliad Lot of 2 issues of the Richmond Enquirer, Richmond, VA, April 12 and June 7, 1836. Each with 4pp, 18 x 24 in. These newspapers contain coverage of two of the most important events of the Texas War of Independence - the Battle of the Alamo (February 23-March 6, 1836), its capture by Mexican forces, and the massacre of all of the Texas defenders; and the Battle of Goliad (March 27, 1836), which involved the massacre of Colonel James Fannin and his men by the Mexican Army. $600 - $800

283 Very Rare Southern Broadside Regarding a Personal Dispute in Mobile, 1839 A Southern-printed broadside regarding a dispute among two Mobile citizens. 8 x 8.5 in. Reading in full: I feel it be due to the community in which I reside, to make the following brief statement. One Charles W. Ogden insulted a Lady under my protection — although I gave him ample opportunity to retract, he persevered in his insult. Ascertaining that he was unworthy to be treated as a gentleman, I inflicted on him, in a public part of Mobile, the ignominious chastisement of the Cowhide. As he entertained the hope of wiping off his stigma, by publishing a Placard in relation to me, I desire the public to understand, that I have selected the Cowhide as an implement appropriate to his character; and that his base conduct has taken from him all claim to be treated as a gentleman. Any one whose curiosity may incline him to ascertain the facts, may obtain precise and full information from documents in possession of Gov. Gayle.

CHARLES A. MARSTON Mobile, April 30, 1839. $600 - $800

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TRANSPORTATION | The Birth of Aviation Louis P. Christman (1893-1972) As an employee of National Cash Register, with his experience in aircraft and machine design, Louis P. Christman was called upon by prominent engineer and inventor, Colonel Edward Deeds, to undertake the restoration of the 1905 Wright Flyer, which resides at Carillon Park, Dayton, Ohio. Christman was given the opportunity to work closely with Orville Wright in order to produce an accurate set of drawings, or blueprints, for the 1900, 1901, and 1902 gliders as well as the 1903, 1904, and 1905 Wright Flyers. Since no complete drawings were ever produced by Orville and Wilbur Wright during the building and flying of the planes, it was required that Christman travel to Washington, D.C. to the Smithsonian Institution to take measurements and make drawings from the original 1903 Flyer that is displayed there and to discuss these drawings with Orville Wright.

Continued meetings and conversations between Orville Wright and Christman resulted in a very refined set of drawings of the three planes and their engines – drawings that were quite satisfactory to Orville Wright. Christman, under the direction of Colonel Edward Deeds, then began the restoration of the 1905 Flyer in 1947, on the grounds of the National Cash Register Co. This project involved not only incorporating as many original parts as could be obtained, but the designing and machining of matching parts in order to complete the aeroplane. This restoration project took Christman approximately 19 months, from the drawing stage to the completion of the frame.

Final construction and assembly was completed at Carillon Historical Park, where the plane was reassembled and fabric was stretched.

Christman’s drawings are well documented in the Smithsonian Institution’s National Air and Space Museum. Knowledgeable men and women who have produced models and full-sized planes since 1948 have relied most exclusively on the “Christman Drawings.” The Smithsonian Institution has recently produced framed copies of Christman’s three view plate, with consideration in print concerning the works of Christman. The work that Christman did for Orville Wright, Dayton Wright Aeroplane, Charles F. Kettering, Inland Manufacturing, NCR Corp., Colonel Deeds, and Carillon Park is of considerable historical importance and interest.

Lots 284-290 represent a portion of items given to Christman for his work in restoring the 1905 Wright Flyer, and they have descended directly in his family.

284 Wright Brothers, Sketches Made on Brown Paper During Reconstruction of Wright 1905 Flyer, Attributed to Orville Wright Pencil sketch made on brown paper, separated into 4 pieces, unsigned but attributed to Orville Wright, created at National Cash Register in Dayton, OH - in discussions with Christman - during the reconstruction of the 1905 Wright Flyer. Approx. 13.5 x 22.5 in.

The machine depicted in the sketch resides in the rotunda of the Deed’s Carillon Historical Park in Dayton. New sketches were made

by Christman after confirming that talking points had been correctly directed.

Descended in the Family of Louis P. Christman $1,000 - $1,500

285 Wright Brothers, Sketches of Gasket Fittings for the Wright 1905 Flyer, Attributed to Orville Wright Pencil sketches of gasket fittings for the engine water pump of the 1905 Wright Flyer, on brown paper envelope, 4.5 x 7.5 in. Orville Wright’s address is typed at top left: Dr. Orville Wright 15 North Broadway, Dayton, Ohio.

Although unsigned, based on information the consignor received from his grandfather, Louis P. Christman, it is believed that these two sketches/tracings were made in Orville Wright’s hand, as well as the penciled notes. These brown paper sketches were given to Christman in a wallet that was made and carried by Wright. The same wallet contained additional notes concerning the planes that were being discussed, and always held a piece of the 1903 wing fabric.

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TRANSPORTATION | The Birth of Aviation 286 Wright Brothers, Original Drawings & Working Copies Made at the Smithsonian by Louis P. Christman, with Notes from Orville Wright Lot of 150+ items, featuring over approx. 125 original sketches and drawings made by Louis P. Christman while at the Smithsonian.

Many of the sketches are “working copies” that were used “out of the building” - with some notes and corrections made in red, believed to have been added by Orville Wright, plus notes added by Christman.

The mathematical data shown was done in the Smithsonian or when Christman returned to Dayton and conferred with Colonel Edward Deeds and Orville Wright.

Highlights include the original drawings of engines, such as the crank shaft sketches made on brown paper, spar and rib dimensions/ spacing, rudder and canard dimensions, with comments that the original parts do not correspond to/with previous drawings (1928 errors), sketches showing quick checks and answers by Orville Wright such as a simple written “yes” to Christman’s questions, as well as many sketches and notes signed by Christman.

The consignor relates that these were Christman’s working drawings and notes/calculations done before the official drawings of the reconstruction were produced.

Descended in the Family of Louis P. Christman $800 - $1,200

287 Wright Brothers, Louis P. Christman’s Working Notebook, Including Diagrams, Stock Requisitions, Sketches, and Other Correspondence on Reconstruction of the Wright Flyer Lot of over 250 notes and related receipts, documents, manuscripts, and photocopied materials compiled and/or accumulated by Louis P. Christman while working on the reconstruction of the 1905 Wright Flyer, most dated ca 1948-1949. Many of the original documents are signed by Christman or other individuals involved in the reconstruction project.

Among the many documents, Christman’s “working notebook” contains the following highlights: approx. 30 stock requisitions, with at least 18 related to materials obtained for the reconstruction of the 1905 Wright Flyer; over 30pp of penciled notes and calculations done by Christman while working at the Smithsonian; approx.

10pp of typed and written engine notes, mainly regarding the 1903 Wright Flyer; 30+ requests for “Inter-Departmental Work” for the “Carillon Park Aeroplane Project,” signed by Christman and his supervisor Henry Geyer; 30+ written and typed letters, some carbons, consisting of correspondence between Christman and the Diamond Chain Company, which produced the propeller chain for the Wright Brother’s first aircraft and was involved in making tools/parts used in the reconstruction of the 1905 flyer. Some of the letters are signed by the company’s president, Guy A. Wainwright.

The collection also features over 50 large format copies owned by Christman, many of which are reproductions of pages and diagrams related to early aviation, published in German by “Der Motorwagen”, as well as at least 10 Dayton area newspapers, 1948-1961, referencing the Wright Brothers, including the death of Orville Wright. A large, original map of Cape Hatteras National Seashore and a copy of a boundary map of Kill Devil Hill National Monument, Kitty Hawk, NC, also accompany the lot. $600 - $800

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TRANSPORTATION | The Birth of Aviation 288 Wright Brothers, Collection of Photographs Documenting Various Flights, Ca 1901-1928, Plus Lot of 140+, featuring 125 silver gelatin photographs, most related to the Wright Brothers’ airplanes, with a portion printed from original negatives and a portion that appear to be photographic enlargements or copy prints, made ca 1947-1948, almost all approx. 8 x 10 in.

The majority of the photographs include Louis P. Christman’s Dayton, OH, address label on verso, as well as written or typed notes identifying the photo’s subject matter. Some are also stamped with a 1947 or 1948 date on verso.

This fine collection includes photos of the 1901, 1902, and 1903 Wright Gliders in action, such as the copy views of Orville and Wilbur’s 1903 trial flights; shots of the 1903 Wright Flyer damaged during the 1913 flood in Dayton, OH; photos made during the assembly of the 1903 Flyer reconstruction in 1948, with Smithsonian Institution stamp on verso; images of the 1904 Wright Flyer taken at Huffman Prairie, Simms Station, Dayton, OH; photos of the 1905 Wright Flyer, with flight numbers penciled on verso; copy images of 1908 test flights in France; wind tunnel shots; and more.

289 Wright Brothers, Collection of Cloth Samples Considered for the Reconstruction of the Wright 1905 Flyer, Carillon Park, Dayton, OH Lot of 12 cloth samples that were considered for covering the reconstruction of the 1905 Wright Flyer, ranging in size from 6 x 6.5 in. to 28 x 41.5 in.

The original fabric used on the 1903 Flyer was called the “Pride of the West,” which was unbleached muslin that was also used on the 1904 and 1905 Flyers. The warp and woof was approximately 108 (threads per inch).

In 1925, the “Pride of the West” was still made available by American Bleached Goods Co., NY, and the fabric was used on the reconstruction of the “Kittyhawk” - 1903 Flyer for the Science Museum of South Kensington, England. After 1928, the “Pride of the West” was no longer available.

The fabric included in this lot has been identified as “Aeroplane Fabric,” with a warp of 80 and woof of 84. This fabric, which was called “Pride of America” - #413,199, was made at 42 in. width with a weight of 3.4 oz per lineal yd. by Riverside and Dan River Cotton Mills, Inc., Danville, VA. This was purchased through Inland Manufacturing (Dayton, OH) from Wellington - Sears - Chicago, IL. The samples in the lot include the following highlights, as identified through the notes of Louis P. Christman and the consignor: 10 “Pride of America,” unbleached muslin samples that were used to cover the wings during the reconstruction of the 1905 Wright Flyer, including a Sample of wing fabric used for covering wing surface of Wright Brothers 1905 (3rd) Aeroplane, as written on fabric, 7 x 15 in.; a “sample strip” for a wing rib to fit into, which acts as a support and attaches to the fabric wing surface, 4.5 x 32 in.; a piece of shop cloth used as a shop rag in the reconstruction, 7.75 x 22.5 in. Very little was thrown away, and rags such as this were kept as part of the aesthetics of the rebuild; and a swatch that has been stitched to allow a wing rib to run through it. This was a pocket that ran the width of the wing, 14.5 x 20 in.

The lot also features a balloon cloth sample, 11 x 13 in., with a warp of 130 and woof of 138, which was considered due to the weight

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Additional items include 18 copied letters showing typed correspondence between Orville Wright and the Franklin Institute and data sheets concerning a wind tunnel, accompanied by 4 photos of a wind tunnel and 10 photos of the lift and drag apparatus to be used in the Wright Brothers’ wind tunnel.

Descended in the Family of Louis P. Christman $1,000 - $2,000

factor, but was considered too far from the original warp and woof of the 1903 Flyer, plus a piece of shop cloth used as a shop rag in the reconstruction, 6.75 x 8.5 in. $1,500 - $3,000

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TRANSPORTATION | The Birth of Aviation 290 Goggles & Lenses Used by Louis P. Christman During Test Flights, Ca 1910s Lot of approx. 13 items, featuring the goggles and lenses that were used by Louis P. Christman during test flights (with other pilots) in open cockpit airplanes. This work was done prior to and during World War I, when Christman was working at Dayton Wright Aeroplane.

The consignor shares the following quote obtained from Christman during the Oral History Project of 1967: “...in later years, in 1917, I flew with Howard Reinhart, on radiator tests.

That is where I had to observe instruments, that is thermometers, because the, I think the propeller shaft went down to the radiator, and that inter portion of that radiator was never cooling. They would go up on days just like today. While it was about fifty here [ground level], it [was] mighty cold up in the air...” “...I’d sit up there, you know, in an open plane and have to try to write, and I had a pair of flying mittens and used them. I don’t know how I held that pencil and tried to make figures on how it was cold...”

In talking with his grandfather in 1967 about the DH-4 project for an enclosed plane and about these temperature observations, the consignor relates that Christman added that he wore the goggles to keep his eyes from watering, and also to keep the tears from freezing to his eyelashes.

The goggles and lenses are accompanied by 9 small, mirrored pieces, each approx. 2.5 x 3.5 in., housed in a tobacco bag, and the consignor also asked his grandfather about these pieces. His only comment was that sometimes he had to lean out a bit and look at the reflection of a thermometer or gauge. When he asked why he had so many pieces, Christman chuckled and said that he dropped plenty and didn’t want to have to make another trip for equipment. He wanted to be prepared in the first place. $400 - $600

291 Glenn Curtiss, Early Aviation Photographs Lot of 47, featuring: 14 photos, approx. 6.5 x 4.25 in., removed from an album (paper residue at the back corners), including views of various early Curtiss airplanes; Alexander Graham Bell’s tetrahedral Cygnet kite. The Cygnet was Bell’s creation in collaboration with members of the Aerial Experiment Association (AEA), of which Curtiss was a member; Langley’s Curtiss-modified Aerodrome in flight, the Smithsonian’s attempt, through Curtiss, to displace Wilbur and Orville Wright as the inventors of the airplane.

Magic lantern slide, showing a standing portrait of Glenn Curtiss, posed at the rear of what looks to be a Curtiss Pusher, captioned, Mr. Glenn Curtiss, who flew 150 miles in 170 minutes, thus winning a prize of £2,000.

Published by Walter Tyler.

Additional images include: 10 Real Photo Postcards of “America” flying boat.; 4 RPPCs of NC-3 and NC-4 flying boats; a group of 15 early Curtiss RPPCs; small format photograph of the NC-1 flying boat, 3.5 x 1.5 in.; Curtiss JN-4 “Jenny” photo, 6 x 4 in.; Curtiss Pusher photo, the number 5 on the tail, 5.5 x 3.25 in. $500 - $700

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TRANSPORTATION | Railroad

24 of 37

292 The Railroad War, Scarce Stereoviews of the Great Railroad Strike of 1877, by S.V. Albee Lot of 37. Includes titles No.1 to No. 40, with the exception of Nos. 26, 32, and 34. Five with Albee’s verso imprint listing the complete set of 42 or 44, the rest with inked title numbers on verso. This scarce set documents the aftermath of strike of the workers of the Pennsylvania Railroad in Pittsburgh, PA, July 21-22, 1877. Troops were called in to put down the strike and shots were fired, killing several citizens. The crowd rioted and a fire broke out as the troops were besieged. Includes view No. 5 showing Albee’s photo wagon next to a locomotive that survived. Also included are the burnt out round house, burnt cars and locomotives. An extremely scarce set capturing an important event in labor history. $3,000 - $4,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Indian Wars | Photography 293 Lieutenant James Calhoun & Colonel Charles Varnum, Cabinet Photograph Albumen cabinet card by Fitzgibbon, St. Louis, of James Calhoun seated wearing a 21st US Infantry kepi and Charles Varnum standing in profile wearing his kepi. Both men are noted for their service under Gen. George Armstrong Custer at the Battle of Little Bighorn James Calhoun (1845-1876) was born into a wealthy Cincinnati family but enlisted in the Union Army in 1864 against the wishes of his parents. After the war, he was given a commission as second lieutenant in the 32nd US Infantry, and met Margaret Custer, sister of the famous general, while on assignment at Fort Hays, Kansas.

Upon their marriage, Gen. Custer gave his new brother-in-law a promotion to first lieutenant in Co. C, 7th US Cavalry. Lt. Calhoun was in temporary command of Co. L when he was killed at the Battle of Little Bighorn.

Charles Varnum (1849-1936) was born to John Varnum, a Civil War major and later Florida politician who secured his son an appointment to the United States Military Academy. Upon graduation in 1872, the younger Varnum was commissioned a second lieutenant and assigned to Co. A of the 7th US Cavalry. He was in command of the scouts before Little Bighorn but happened to be with Benteen and Reno during the fighting and survived the battle. Varnum saw further action in the Nez Perce War and other Indian engagements and was awarded the Medal of Honor for directing the withdrawal of troops at White Clay Creek the day after Wounded Knee. He was the last surviving officer present at Little Bighorn when he died in 1936.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $1,000 - $1,500

294 Lieutenant James Calhoun & Wife Margaret Custer, with Lt. Henry Moore Harrington, Cabinet Photograph Albumen cabinet card by E.E. Henry, Leavenworth, KS, showing Lt. James Calhoun (at left) and his wife Margaret Custer, sister of Gen. George Armstrong Custer, with Lt. Henry Moore Harrington and his wife Grace Berard. Both officers were killed at the Battle of Little Bighorn.

Henry Moore Harrington (1849-1876) graduated from West Point in 1872 and was commissioned a second lieutenant in Co. C, 7th US Cavalry, ranking just below Lt. Varnum. He was with the company when it was wiped out at Little Bighorn but his body was never found.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $1,000 - $1,500

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Indian Wars | Photography 295 L.W. Stilwell Cabinet Photograph of Custer Battlefield Monument, Plus Composite Photograph Lot of 2, including cabinet photograph featuring a close-up view of the Custer stone monument with engraved names of the 7th Cavalry officers and soldiers that died at the Battle of Little Bighorn, on mount bearing L.W. Stilwell, Deadwood, SD, imprint; and unmarked, composite boudoir photograph comprised of 16 studio portraits and outdoor images of American Indians, many identified, including Rainin-the-Face, Chief White Thunder, Flat Nose John, Chief Yellow Hair, and Standing Bear. Lithographed depictions of Custer’s Last Stand and Four Custers Massacred are also included in the group. $500 - $700

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296 Richard Throssel Photograph, Sunrise in Custer’s Battlefield, Plus Map Warm toned silver gelatin photograph, 6.25 x 8.25 in., overall, 9.5 x 11.5 in. Titled in pencil on verso, Sunrise in Custer’s Battlefield, with arrowhead and 1908 copyright included lower right in negative, plus blindstamped arrowhead and Throssel’s signature and 1913 date penciled in margin below image.

Accompanied by a reproduction of a US Geological Survey map of the Custer Battlefield, which was originally made in 1891 by R.B. Marshall, 12.5 x 18.25 in.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $1,000 - $1,500

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Indian Wars | Autographs & Manuscripts

297 Texas-Indian Wars, 1839 Letter Written by Mounted Ranger Ira Ellis, with References to Indian Fighting and Death of Cherokee Chief Bowles 4pp, 7.5 x 12.5 in. San Augustin, July 31st 1839. Mr. Ellis writes to his sister. The first part of the letter concerns everyday events. He tells his sister that he was ill for about four weeks. “It has been very sickly here in the first of the summer, but sickness is gradually abating. He goes on to tell her about the corn and cotton crops, and the cost of living.

The second page gets to the heart of the matter: There has been very little business done here this spring on account of the Indian difficulties existing on the Frontier. The Cherokees together with various other tribes have united and are daily commiting depredations on the frontier. We have had two battles with them. Our Army consisted about 1,000 men and that of the enemy about 600. The first fight took place on the 16th Inst. In the evening in which there was 18 Indians killed and two of our brave Texans. The number of Indians wounded not known.

Some 18 or 20 of our men were slightly wounded but no dangerous. A charge was made upon the enemy and they were drov from their position

which they occupied in a ravine. Pursuit was made the next day after the Enemy and late in the evening they were overtaken, they had fortified themselves in a ravin[e] where they had greatly the advantage of ??

This fight lasted two hours when Genls. Burlesson and Bush ordered a charge – and routed them and drove them out into the swamp. Bowles (the chief of the Cherokees) was killed in the battle. 3 Texasons were killed and 20 wounded. The number of Indians killed was not ascertained. They retreating and carrying off their dead as usual. The Indians have since dispersed and our army has returned home. But it is thought that we shall have more fighting to do in about 6 weeks with both Indians and Mexicans.

He goes on to say that they think Bustamente intends to invade in September with a force of 10,000. He thinks that he will be in Texas for about two more months, then go to Colorado. If Ellis went to Colorado, he returned to Texas at some point, because he seems to have owned a large piece of land a few miles southwest of Tyler.

An eyewitness to the birth pangs of a new nation. $1,000 - $2,000

298 Fort Apache, Arizona Territory, 1881 Letter Regarding Indian Fighting 4pp, 5 x 8 in., Fort Apache, AT, July 18, 1881. Signed George (and maybe Clum a bit down in the margin - he has jammed a couple of notes into the top margin of the last page). Addressed to “Friend Anna.” On the first page he tells her (most of his spelling retained): “... in the first place my horse was shot yesterday the Indians that were on the reservation got fighting among themselves and they telegraphed for the two cavalry companies to go and i thought there would not be anything of any acct. so went along but when we got there they were at it in earnest and before they stoped there were 28 Indians killed i am very glad of that but my poor horse was shot through the neck and now i am 82 dollars out you see i was not ordered out if i had been i would have been all right...” Most of the rest is personal. Part of his letter concerns life in the military versus civilian life, in an attempt to explain why he remains in service, even though his parents worry about his safety, etc.

For the first decades of the American presence in the Southwest, most Apaches viewed them as allies against the Mexicans, with whom the Apaches had been fighting for decades. Once the US took full control of the territory after the Mexican War, getting the various tribes to stay within the borders became an issue. As they had on the plains, the army began setting up garrisons, mostly to stop raids by the Indians into Mexico, then the Civil War began and most troops were called back east. The posts were remote and difficult to maintain, anyway. In 1862 Major James Carleton and his California Volunteers entered the territory, and operations began against the natives in earnest. There SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Indian Wars | Autographs & Manuscripts followed skirmishes, raids and massacres, on both sides. As time went on, the United States moved more people onto smaller reservations, triggering competition for control among various bands, chiefs and medicine men/prophets. In the summer of 1881 there were a series of especially nasty battles - Cibecue Creek, Fort Apache, plus smaller skirmishes, including this one that does not seem to have “made the history books,” even though, if George is to be believed, over two dozen Indians died. The situation in Arizona Territory became so hostile and bloody that “Fort Apache” became a metaphor for official representatives of the government (police, military) who found themselves surrounded by “hostile savages,” and operated with an “us versus them” mentality. $800 - $1,200 299 No Lot

300 Montana Military Autograph Albums from the Western Frontier, Identified to Col. William Gerlach’s Daughter, Ca 1880s Lot of 2 late 19th-century autograph albums, both identified to Julia Gerlach, the daughter of the German-born Colonel William Gerlach who fought in the Civil War and eventually rose to the command of Fort Snelling, MN. Born in 1875, Julia was 9-19 years old while collecting autographs of friends and acquaintances during her time spent in Montana and Minnesota. The autograph books combined contain over 130 signatures, some with entertaining inscriptions.

These autograph books date from 1883-1894, during William Gerlach’s time in the US Army 3rd Infantry. The Third Infantry arrived at Fort Missoula in the autumn of 1877 and remained for over 10 years. The “Old Guard” built a telegraph line, surveyed local geography, policed the Flathead Indian Reservation, and escorted Native American hunting parties to the diminishing buffalo herds east of the Rockies.

The regiment participated in the last significant [Ghost Dance] campaign against the Sioux and their allies. They were called upon to follow the returning followers of Nez Perce leader Chief Joseph after his unsuccessful flight to Canada. These operations all received local appreciation, and by 1888, Fort Missoula achieved a measure of postfrontier permanency.

In the spring of 1888, the headquarters and several companies of the 3rd Infantry were transferred to Fort Snelling, MN. Being only occasionally required to send a company to quell a civil disturbance in the area, the mission of the regiment was modified to revert to an old and honored one for regulars. In summer camps set up to train National Guard troops, Old Guardsmen found themselves as drillmasters, marksmanship instructors, and demonstration troops.

First Album, Octavo, 8.25 x 6.75 in. Hardcover, burgundy leather with gilt lettering and edging. Inscription on front endpaper dated Christmas 1883. The album includes the following highlights, grouped by location: Fort Missoula, Montana Omar Bundy – August 15, 1885 - a U.S. Army general who participated in the Indian Wars campaigns against Crow and Sioux Indians and the Spanish-American War in Cuba, fought in the Philippine Insurrection 190

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and the Moro Expedition, and commanded a regiment on the Mexican border. After serving in France during World War I, he was made a Commander of the French Legion of Honor; J. H. Gageby, Capt. 3 Infty. – Aug. 1, 1885 - One of the 109 Union officers that took part in the Libby Prison Tunnel Escape during the American Civil War; Melville C. Wilkinson, U.S. Army – May 29, 1885 - Aide to General Howard from April 1871 to August 1878. He won a brevet at the battle of Clearwater. Killed in a fight with the Chippewa at Leech Lake, Minnesota, on October 5, 1898, Wilkinson was the last soldier slain by hostile Indians in the continental United States.

Montana College/Deer Lodge, Montana Theo. Brantly [Theodore M. Brantley] – April 29, 1888 - the longestserving Chief Justice of the Montana Supreme Court, serving for 23 years (1899–1922); Alexander Leggat, Col. of Mont. Deer Lodge – May 5, 1888 - was a Butte, Montana mining engineer, hotel owner, and collector of western Americana.

Fort Snelling, Minnesota Follett Bradley – Dec. 25, 1899 - Flew in the Wright Brothers famous biplane at Fort Riley, Kansas, in 1912. Participant in Pulitzer Air Races, 1922; he was successively Commander, 3rd Bombardment Wing and III Bombardment Command, 1941-1942; Commanding General, First Air Force, March-July 1942; Minister to Russia, August-December 1942; Air Inspector, Headquarters, U.S. Army Air Force Headquarters, 1943.

Second Album, Octavo, 8.25 x 6.75 inches. Spine and boards missing, all edges gilt. Inscription on front endpaper dated October 13, 1884 in Missoula, MT. Among the many autographs, this album features the signature of John R. Brooke, Brig. Gen’l, dated April 25, 1888. Brooke was a major general in the United States Army during both the Civil War and the Spanish American War. He served as a military Governor of Puerto Rico and Governor of Cuba.

Refer to cowans.com for a complete listing of the signatures included in each album. $500 - $700 BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

WESTERN AMERICANA | Indian Wars | Maps

301 Fort Laramie - Fort Pierre Trail, Hand-Drawn Map, Ca 1855 Hand-drawn map, 18.5 x 28 in., of the Fort Pierre-Fort Laramie Trail and “draft” of Fort Pierre. Believed to have been drawn at or before 1855 (when the U.S. Army first purchased the fort and began constructing more buildings than that shown in the sketch). During its peak, the Fort Pierre-Fort Laramie Trail carried approx. 125 tons of trade goods to the Indians, who delivered 250,000 buffalo robes, and lesser amounts of beaver, wolf, elk, antelope, and deer skins.

Fort Pierre [Chouteau] was built in 1832 and served as a trading post

by John Jacob Astor’s American Fur Company (AFC). It became the largest and busiest fur trading post on the Upper MO River. During a quarter century it served as the post where bison robes (provided by the Yankton, Sioux, Santee, and Teton tribes) were exchanged for manufactured goods provided by the AFC. In 1849 the AFC went out of business. The fort was remodeled in 1850. It is possible that the fort pictured here is a proposal for the 1850 remodeled fort drawn in 1855, given that the trail itself was not mapped out until 1855. In 1855 the fort was purchased by the US Army for $45,000, and became the first military fort in the Upper Missouri. This same year Lt. (later Civil War General of Gettysburg notoriety) Gouverner K. Warren and Captain Parmenas T. Turnley make two separate sketches of Fort Pierre.* Warren also sketches out a trail from Fort Laramie to Fort Pierre. The Army made numerous repairs and built additional buildings outside the picketed enclosure. In 1856 a treaty council between General Harney and various Sioux tribes is conducted at the fort. In 1857 the Army abandoned Fort Pierre and all usable buildings are transported to Fort Randall. In 1868 the Laramie Treaty cedes to the Sioux Nation land that encompasses old Fort Pierre. The Sioux reservation was downsized in the late 1880s and the land underlying the fort fell outside the reservation. It was claimed by James “Scotty” Philips who is largely credited with saving the buffalo from extinction by breeding them on his ranch, which covered old Fort Pierre. Today, the site is owned by the South Dakota State Historical Society and excavations are underway. [* This map probably predates Kemble’s sketch because his sketch of the fort had 90 structures. We have not seen Turnley’s sketch to compare].

Fort Laramie was a significant 19th century trading post located at the confluence of the Laramie River and the North Platte River in Wyoming. Founded in the 1830s as Fort William, its primary purpose was to service the overland fur trade during the middle 19th century.

In 1841 it was purchased by the AFC and renamed “Fort John at the Laramie River.” The fort was purchased from the AFC by the U.S. Army in 1849 to protect and supply emigrants along the emigrant trails. By this time common usage referred to the fort as “Fort Laramie.” In the late 1860s, the fort was the primary staging ground for the U.S. Army in the Powder River Country during Red Cloud’s War. During the Great Sioux War of 1876-77 (which saw Custer’s demise) the fort served as a major staging point for supplies and troops. After the completion of the transcontinental railroad, the fort’s importance decreased and the fort was decommissioned in 1890.

Fort Pierre- Fort Laramie Trail- From about 1837 until 1850, more than a quarter million buffalo robes bought from Indians and 27 tons of fur company trade goods were hauled over the 300 mile long Fort Pierre-Fort Laramie Trail that followed the White River through this area. First used by the AFC, the trail had its origin as part of an earlier Spanish trade route from Santa Fe to the Missouri River in present South Dakota. During the 1840s the Fort Pierre-Fort Laramie Trail was the shortest overland connection between trading posts on the Platte and steamboats on the Missouri River. After the government purchased Fort Laramie in 1849, Colonel Aeneas Mackay and Captain Stewart Van Vliet and 10 mounted riflemen traveled the trail to Fort Pierre. General William S. Harney’s troops marched over the route in 1855, and the trail was mapped by Lt. G. K. Warren of his staff. Small traders and government freighters continued to use portions of the trail until the 1880s.

Besides a draft of the fort as an inset at the upper left, the trail between Fort Pierre and Fort Laramie also indicates the various encampments on the trail, with names. As surmised above, the sketch is unsigned and we do not know if this sketch was drawn by Lt. Warren, Parmenas T. Turnley, or some other person, but indications suggest that it was done at or prior to 1855. $1,000 - $2,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Books 302 Catlin, Letters and Notes on the ....North American Indians Catlin, George. Letters and Notes on the Manners, Customs, and Condition of the North American Indians. London: Publ. by the Author, 1841, 2 vols. Subtitled: Written during Eight Years’ Travel Amongst the Wildest Tribes of Indians in North America in 1832, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38 and 39.In Two Volumes, with Four Hundred Illustrations, Carefully engraved from his Original Paintings. 8vo, green cloth, paper label on spine, vol. 1, 114 illustrations, 264 pp, frontis map “Outline Map of Indian Localities in 1833;” vol. 2, illustration numbers 115 - 312, frontis map “U. States Indian Frontier in 1840, Showing the Positions of the Tribes that have been removed west of the Mississippi;” plus map of Mandan territory, 266pp.

This is the first edition with the line-cut illustrations. For those interested in the author/artist, please see Catlin’s page at the National Gallery of Art. It is a balanced treatment of his life and work, extending beyond the years covered in these two volumes. (ibiblio.org/nga/ catlin) Catlin’s moving images of native peoples in the last years of “freedom” continue to inspire generations today. $1,000 - $2,000

Details

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Books 303 Catlin, Illustrations of the Manners, Customs... of the North American Indians Catlin, George. Illustrations of the Manners, Customs, & Condition of the North American Indians. With Letters and Notes, Written During Eight Years of Travel, and Adventure among the Wildest and most Remarkable Tribes now Existing.

With Three Hundred and Sixty Coloured Engravings from the Author’s Original Paintings. London: Chatto & Windus, 1876, 2 vols. 8vo, Catlin, George. Illustrations of the Manners, Customs, & Condition of the North American Indians. With Letters and Notes, Written During Eight Years of Travel, and Adventure among the Wildest and most Remarkable Tribes now Existing. With Three Hundred and Sixty Coloured Engravings from the Author’s Original Paintings. London: Chatto & Windus, 1876, 2 vols. 8vo, 3/4 leather over marbled paper, marbled endpapers and page edges, vol.

I, 264pp; vol. II, 266pp. Colored folding map front of vol. I; colored map of Indian Territory in front of vol. II. This later version of Catlin’s volumes featured colored versions of the plates, although not quite as many as the first edition.3/4 leather over marbled paper, marbled endpapers and page edges, vol. I, 264pp; vol. II, 266pp. Colored folding map front of vol. I; colored map of Indian Territory in front of vol. II. $1,500 - $2,500

Details

304 D.F. Barry ALS & Personal, Signed and Inscribed Copy of The Last Battle of the Sioux Nation D.F. Barry (1854-1934). ALS, 1p, approx. 8.5 x 11 in. On Barry, D.T. letterhead with lithograph images from Barry photos of Chief Gall and Sitting Bull, and Barry’s Superior, WI address. Dated 22 Feb. 1933.

Friend Hart. Mailed you to Day a Book. the last of the Sioux Wars. For your Son #Will Hart Jr. Some Day he May enjoy looking at Faces that his Father knew. I am Real Sick. Your Sincere Friend, D.F. Barry.

With the book, Burdick, Usher L. The Last Battle of the Sioux Nation.

Stevens Point (WI): Worzalla Publishing Co., 1929. 12 mo, maroon cloth, gilt front, 164pp. Illustrated with some of Barry’s photos.

Inscribed on front pastedown: To Wm. S. Hart. Jr - From His Fathers Friend Dave Frank Barry.

William Surrey Hart (1864-1946) was an actor (later screenwriter, producer, director). He is particularly known as a star of silent Westerns.

Besides Barry, he befriended Wyatt Earp and Bat Masterson. His interest especially was in making realistic western films. He later, also, began riding a brown and white pinto horse, who became known as a star in his own right, and was one of the first animal stars recognized by his name, “Fritz” (before “Trigger” and “Silver”). Hart starred in over 70 films before the “flashier” fashions of the 1920s favored cowboys such as Tom Mix. Will Jr. was his only child. $800 - $1,200

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WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Delegations

305 Alexander Gardner Albumen Photograph of the Washington Delegation, 1867, with President Andrew Johnson Albumen photograph, 5.5 x 7.5 in. on an 8 x 10 in. mount with no photographer’s credit, but known to be taken by Alexander Gardner on February 23, 1867. President Andrew Johnson stands on the

south portico of the White House in the middle of the two columns at center, surrounded by over 30 representatives of the Yankton Sioux, Santee Sioux, Upper Missouri Sioux, Sac and Fox, Ojibwa, Ottawa, Kickapoo, and Miami nations.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $3,000 - $4,000

306 Group of Chiefs of the Sacs and Foxes, 1870, Albumen Photograph by Gardner or Bell Albumen photograph, 5.5 x 7.75 in. on an 8.75 x 11 in. mount with the inked title Group of Chiefs of the Sacs and Foxes, followed by a brief description stating the tribes were first found by Europeans along the Mississippi River and from the Green Bay westward past the Mississippi, their names mean White Clays and Red Clays, their language derives from “Algonkin stock,” and they signed a treaty with the government in 1870. No photographer’s credit, but most likely by Gardner or Bell.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $1,500 - $2,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Delegations 307 Charles M. Bell Photograph of Kansa Indian, Eagle Plume Albumen contact print, 11 x 15 in., of Quyulange, also known as Eagle Plume or Eagle Headdress, wearing horned feather bonnet and holding a tomahawk, on 14 x 19 in. mount, verso with imprint of U.S. Geological Survey of the Territories of which William Henry Jackson was the official photographer, 1877.

This image was taken by Charles Milton Bell at his Washington, D.C. studio. The negative came under the control of the U.S.G. S. of T. while Jackson was cataloging the negatives, and was printed on one of the Survey’s mounts.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $2,500 - $3,500

308 Zeno Shindler Albumen Photograph of Fox Chief, Man-A-To-Wah Albumen photograph, 5.25 x 7.75 in. on an 8 x 10 in. mount with labels in the lower margin identifying the subject as the Fox chief Many Scalps (Man-a-to-wah) from Kansas, as photographed by Zeno Schindler in Washington, 1868. Verso with exhibition label from the Second International Congress of Eugenics, held at the American Museum of Natural History in New York, 1921. $1,000 - $1,500

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WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Plains 309 Ulke Brothers Albumen Photograph of Blackfoot, Long Horse, and White Calf, Crow Albumen photograph, 6.75 x 8.75 in. on an 11 x 14 in. Dept. of the Interior/Hayden Expedition gilt-imprinted mount with credit to photographer William Henry Jackson, though others have attributed the negative to Henry and Julius Ulke. Bush and Mitchell’s The Photograph and the American Indian, for example, states it was taken by the Ulke Brothers when a Crow delegation visited Washington in 1872.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $2,750 - $3,750

310 Ulke Brothers Albumen Photograph of Iron Bull and Squaw, Crow Albumen photograph, 5.25 x 7.25 in. on an 11 x 14 in. Dept. of the Interior/Hayden Expedition gilt-imprinted mount with credit to photographer William Henry Jackson, though this negative was made by the Ulke Brothers when a Crow delegation visited Washington in 1872 and was likely printed by Jackson as part of his Descriptive Catalog of North American Indians in 1877.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $2,750 - $3,750

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WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Plains 311 W.H. Jackson Albumen Photograph of Medicine Bear, Cut Head Dakota Albumen photograph, 5.25 x 7.25 in. on an 11 x 14 in. Dept. of the Interior/Hayden Expedition gilt-imprinted mount with credit to photographer William Henry Jackson and penciled identification on verso, 283 - Medicine Bear - Cut Head Dakota.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $2,750 - $3,750

312 W.H. Jackson Albumen Photograph of Plenty Bears and Old Eagle, Arapaho Albumen photograph, 5.25 x 7.25 in. print on an 11 x 14 in. Dept. of the Interior/Hayden Expedition gilt-imprinted mount with credit to photographer William Henry Jackson. Penciled inscription on verso: 25. Plenty Bears and Old Eagle (Arapaho).

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $2,750 - $3,750

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WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Plains 313 W.H. Jackson Photograph, Pawnee Winter Hut, Nebraska Albumen photograph, 5.5 x 7.75 in. on a 9 x 11 in. mount with inked title in the lower margin: Pawnee Winter Hut - Frame of Sticks, covering Grass and Earth, with Tunnel-like entrance / Bundles of cedar poles for frames of Skin lodges used in Summer and on the hunt / Nebraska 1874.

No photographer’s credit, but other sources credit the image to William Henry Jackson, taken in September 1871 on his return from the first Yellowstone Expedition of the U.S. Geographical and Geological Survey of the Territories under F.V. Hayden.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $2,000 - $3,000

314 Will Soule Photograph, Little Shield’s Lodge Albumen photograph, 5.5 x 7.5 in., on 10.75 x 14 in. mount outlined in blue ink and with inked calligraphic title, Little Shield’s Lodge / Arapahoe. Signed by Soule in the negative. Ca 1867-1871. This image has also been circulated with identification of the chief as Little Big Mouth, Cheyenne.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $1,000 - $1,500

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315 Will Soule Albumen Photograph of an Arapaho Camp Albumen photograph, 6.75 x 9.25 in. on an 11 x 14 in. mount lacking any imprint or identification. The negative is known to have been made by Will Soule while he was working out of Fort Sill ca 1870 and shows and focuses on a single tipi in an Arapaho camp, with the lodge owner standing in the doorway holding a pipe tomahawk and his family seated outside.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $1,000 - $1,500 BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Plains 316 John P. Soule, Composite Photograph of Pacers Camp - Apache Surrounded by Portraits of Identified Kiowa & Comanche Indians Albumen photograph, 6.5 x 8.25 in., on 8 x 10 in. mount, comprised of an outdoor view at center of Pacer’s Camp - Apache, Mount Scott in the Distance, as captioned below image, surrounded by 10 oval-length studio portraits of identified American Indians, including Mow-Way, Comanche; Tar-Lo, White-Horse, Lone-Wolf, Sa-Lo-So, Sa-Tan-Ta, TonE-On-Ca, Kiowas; Little Raven, Arapahoe; Pacer, Apache; and Zora, Wichita. With John Soule’s Fort Sill, I.T., imprint, ca 1870s. $1,000 - $1,500

317 Currier Stereoview of Indian Trader & Interpreter Julius Meyer with Sioux Chiefs, Spotted Tail, Sitting Bull, and Pawnee Killer Stereoview of Julius Meyer posed with three Sioux Chiefs in a studio setting, ink identified on mount recto and verso as Spotted Tail, Sitting Bull (not the Sitting Bull associated with Custer’s Last Stand), and Pawnee Killer. The yellow mount bears Frank F. Currier’s Omaha, NE, imprint. Ca 1875.

Meyer was born in Bromberg, Prussia, March 30, 1839, and emigrated to Nebraska in 1867. It is said he was captured by the Sioux during a buffalo hunt and lived with them for several years. Speaking six Indian languages, Meyer was known by the Indians as “Curley-Headed White Chief with One Tongue” because of his honesty; he served as an Indian interpreter to Congress and as an Indian agent. In addition, Meyer operated a curio shop on Farnam Street in Omaha known as The Indian Wigwam, where he advertised himself as Julius Meyer, “Box-ka-re-she-hash-ta-ka,” Indian Trader, Indian Interpreter and Dealer in Indian Curiosities. $500 - $700

318 Currier Stereoview of Indian Trader & Interpreter Julius Meyer with Pawnee Chiefs Stereoview published by photographer Frank F. Currier of Omaha, Nebraska, circa 1870s, and with inked identification on verso Pawnee Chiefs and Julius Meyer. $500 - $700

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WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Plains

319 Currier Stereoview of Indian Trader & Interpreter Julius Meyer with Iron Bull, Squaw, and Son Stereoview published by photographer Frank F. Currier of Omaha, Nebraska, ca 1870s, with inked identification on verso Julius Meyer with Squaw & Son of Iron Bull, Sioux Chief. Note the son peeking out from behind his mother, while Iron Bull sports an impressive bear claw necklace and holds an unusual pipe tomahawk. $500 - $700

320 Currier Stereoview of Indian Trader & Interpreter Julius Meyer with Winnebago Chiefs, Plus Lot of 2 stereoviews with the verso imprint of Indian interpreter, trader and dealer Julius Meyer’s “Indian Wigwam” curio shop in Omaha, Nebraska. One on a teal mount, inked in the recto margin Iowa chiefs & Wigwam, the other on a yellow mount with the recto imprint of photographer Frank F. Currier, inked on verso We-na-ba-go Chiefs & Julius Meyer. Note Meyer in the former as well, standing beside the wagon speaking with the Indians. In the latter, he poses with a long pipe while sporting a buckskin shirt, beaded leggings and some sort of Winnebago hat, and displayed on front of the group are a Colt revolving rifle, a pistol, a pipe tomahawk, a bow and arrows, and furs or game. $1,000 - $1,500

321 Head Chiefs of the Pawnee & Sioux Nations with Sgt. Gilbert Bates, Cabinet Photograph Cabinet card portrait of Sergeant Gilbert Bates posed with Head Chiefs of the Pawnee and Sioux Nations, many wearing peace medals, identified on mount below image as follows (left to right): Eagle Chief; Knife Chief; Brave Chief; Young Chief; Serg’t Bates; American Horse; Rockey Bear; Long Wolf; Flies Above. With Anderson/ Photographer/ 785 Broadway, cor. of 10th/ New York imprint on verso. Ca 1870.

Gilbert Bates (1836-1917), a sergeant in the 1st Wisconsin Heavy Artillery during the Civil War, referred to as the “Pedestrian Patriot,” gained notoriety for carrying the Union flag 1400 miles across the south, unarmed and without a cent in his pocket, following the war. He became well known for his peaceful, postwar marches.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $1,000 - $1,500 200

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322 White Swan, Omaha, Albumen Photograph by Pierre Petit Albumen, 5.125 x 3.25 in., with imprint of Pierre Petit, Paris, 1883. Ink title inscription, recto: Cygne Blanc—White Swann. White Swan wears a dark cotton shirt with locks of human hair sewn into the shoulder seams and brass or nickel-silver armbands. A golden eagle center-tail feather is stuck into the open top of his otter fur turban. A narrow fur bandolier with circular glass mirrors crosses his right shoulder.

Grandnephew of the deposed Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte, Prince Roland Bonaparte was a member and patron of the Académie Française whose special interests were world geology, ethnology and anthropology. He was an early supporter of photography of tribal cultures. When an exhibition of world cultures was held in the Jardin Zoologique d’Acclamtation, Bois de Boulogne near Paris in 1883, the Prince hired Pierre Petit to make a series of 18 photographic portraits of a delegation of Omaha Indians who attended. These are among the earliest photographs of Omaha people, as well as some of the earliest photos of Indian travelers to Europe. For further information see Fleming and Luskey 1986: Figs. 9.17-9.19; Fleming and Luskey 1993: 78-80.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $600 - $800

323 The Buck, Omaha Chief, Albumen Photograph by Pierre Petit Albumen, 5.125 x 3.25 in., with imprint of Pierre Petit, Paris, 1883. Ink title inscription, recto: Buck—l’homme chef [Chief Man]—Homahas. The leader of the Omaha visitors holds a pipe-tomahawk with a human scalp hanging from the handle. This victim probably was a Yankton Sioux, the Omaha’s nearest and most persistent enemies. A fingerwoven yarn sash is wrapped around the head of The Buck, crowned with a circlet of grizzly bear’s claws, and a small roach headdress with a single golden eagle feather. His leather leggings are painted a solid color, likely blue or green. Beaded in floral designs along the cuffs, these are accented with seed-beaded garters bearing a pattern of buffalo forelegs and hooves.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $600 - $800

324 Inside Man, Omaha, Albumen Photograph by Pierre Petit Albumen, 5.125 x 3.25 in., with imprint of Pierre Petit, Paris, 1883. Ink title inscription, recto: Peau Rouge [Red Skin]; ink inscription, verso: Sioux. Dressed very conservatively, Inside Man holds a pipe-tomahawk and a beaded leather tobacco bag. His ear cartilage has been perforated for several ball and cone earrings. He wears a seed-bead, side-stitch choker and a single golden eagle feather inserted into his scalp lock.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $600 - $800 SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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325 Standing Bear, Omaha, Albumen Photograph by Pierre Petit Albumen, 5.125 x 3.25 in., with imprint of Pierre Petit, Paris, 1883.

Pencil title inscription, recto: Guerrier Homahas (Pawnie) [Omaha Warrior]. Standing in an open park amid trees of the Bois de Boulogne, Standing Bear holds a pipe-tomahawk and leans against a borrowed Parisian carriage horse with docked tail. Note the beaded hand design on the upper flap of his left legging, a symbolic indication that he had touched a live enemy in battle.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $600 - $800

326 Yellow Smoke, Omaha, Albumen Photograph by Pierre Petit Albumen, 5.125 x 3.25 in., with imprint of Pierre Petit, Paris, 1883.

Ink title inscription, recto: Fumée Jaune—Yello Smoke. Another Petit portrait of Yellow Smoke is given in Fleming and Luskey 1986, Fig. 9.18. The otter fur turban has the stiffened tail extending horizontally, decorated with embroidered patterns of cut and folded silk ribbons.

The square panel worn at the front with a design of a hand indicates Yellow Smoke had struck an enemy in combat. Yellow Smoke wears a painted leather shirt, with a brass or silver government peace medal suspended from his neck by a silk ribbon. A buffalo robe is wrapped tightly around him, and he holds a pipe-tomahawk.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $600 - $800

327 Sitting Bull Cabinet Photograph by Palmquist & Jurgens Studio portrait of Sitting Bull seated with a single eagle feather in his hair and a pipe across his lap, with Palmquist and Jurgens’ imprint and 1884 copyright date below image, and the photographers’ St. Paul, MN, backmark as well as a brief biography of Sitting Bull printed on verso.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $800 - $1,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Plains

328 Sitting Bull Signed Cabinet Photograph with Provenance Cabinet card of a silver gelatin copy photograph of an illustration of Sitting Bull, signed by Sitting Bull in pencil at the bottom of the print. Accompanied by a signed letter from a Swiss collector stating the piece was obtained directly from the estate of Swiss collector Herr M. Grimmer, who traveled to the American West several times to obtain items for his collection of American Indian items. $4,000 - $6,000

329 Cabinet Photograph of Running Antelope, Plus Cabinet card portrait of Running Antelope, ink identified on mount below image, framed together with an 1899 US Five Dollar Silver Certificate, which features a portrait of Running Antelope at center, 9.5 x 13 in. overall. The cabinet photograph lacks a studio imprint on recto, but it has not been removed from the frame and may include a photographer’s backmark.

Running Antelope became a chief of the Hunkpapa in 1851, and was one of four who were close advisers of Sitting Bull during the Plains Indian Wars. In contrast to Sitting Bull, Running Antelope believed compromising with whites was in the Sioux’s best interest. This ideological difference resulted in their separation.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $1,000 - $1,500

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1 of 6

330 Chief Rain-in-the-Face, Boudoir Card Photograph Silver gelatin copy print of the famous Sioux Chief Rain-in-the-Face in full eagle feather headdress, after an L.A. Huffman negative, on the mount of The W.E. Hook Wholesale View Co., Colorado Springs, Colo. With Chas. A. Grant, Manitou Springs, Colo. backmark. $500 - $700

331 L.W. Stilwell & George Spencer, Group of Plains Indian Photographs Lot of 6, including 3 cabinet cards and a boudoir card published by L.W. Stilwell, Deadwood, SD, the subjects identified in the negatives as Woman’s Dress, He saved General Crook’s life, American Horse, White Buffalo, Chief, and Padani and Modopahi; and a single cabinet photograph by George Spencer, Chicago, of War Bonnet, as identified in negative. Accompanied by an anonymous stereoview of a large group of men gathered together at Pawnee Rock, May 2, 1879, as inked on verso. $1,000 - $1,500

332 J.C.H. Grabill Photograph, At the Dance, Cheyenne River, 1890 Silver gelatin photograph credited in the negative to Grabilll Deadwood, SD, 1890, and titled No. 3564 “At the Dance” / Big Foot’s Grass Dance on Cheyenne River, Aug. 9, 1890 / Dec. 29th or 30th nearly the entire number were killed at the Battle of Wounded Knee, S.D. Note members of the 8th US Cavalry and 3rd US Infantry in the background.

Professionally framed, 7 x 8.5 in. (sight), 15.5 x 16.75 in. overall.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $1,000 - $1,500

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WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Plains 333 J.C.H. Grabill Photograph, Capt. Taylor and 70 Indian Scouts at Hostile Camp Silver gelatin photograph credited in the negative to John Grabill, Deadwood, SD, 1891, and titled No. 3640 “Capt. Taylor and 70 Indian Scouts” at hostile camp, “Young Man Afraid of His Horse” Camp in background. Professionally framed, 9.25 x 10.25 in. (sight), 17.75 x 18.75 in. overall.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $1,500 - $2,000

334 J.C.H. Grabill Photograph, Indian Chiefs Who Counciled with Gen. Miles and Settled the Indian War Silver gelatin photograph credited in the negative to Grabill, Deadwood, SD, 1891, and titled No. 8608 Indian Chiefs who counciled with Gen Miles and settled the Indian War, followed by identification.

According to the list, the chiefs are (left to right): Little Thunder; Bull Dog; Standing Bull; Bear Who Looks Back Running; Has the Big White Horse; White Tail; Liver Bear; Lame; Eagle Pipe; and High Hawk.

Professionally framed, 6 x 8.75 in. (sight), 14.75 x 17 in. overall.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $1,000 - $1,500

335 W.H. Boorne Photograph of Blackfoot Brave Undergoing Sun Dance Torture Albumen photograph, 7.25 x 9.25 in. (sight), by William Hanson Boorne, negative made July 1887 at a Sun Dance ceremony along the Belly River in southern Alberta. In this ritual a warrior dons his battle dress and has two wood skewers pierced through the skin on his chest. Rawhide ropes are attached to each skewer and to a tall pole, and the warrior must dance until he frees himself by way of the skewers ripping patches of flesh off of his chest. The tradition was known to be practiced by the Blackfoot, Lakota, and Gros Ventre, among others. Matted and framed, 14.5 x 16.75 in. overall.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $1,000 - $1,500

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WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Plains 336 W.S. Prettyman Photograph, Band of Osage Indians, with Maj. W.A. Oliphant Albumen photograph, 8.5 x 9 in. (sight), by W.S. Prettyman, Arkansas City, KS, with imprinted title on the mount Band of Osage Indians, and numbers in the negative corresponding to the identification of each man. The white man at center is Indiana Gov. Alvin P. Hovey (1821-1891), a former Union major general in the Civil War who also served as a US Representative and Minister to Peru. The purpose of this meeting between the governor and Osage chiefs is unknown, but it is possible that Hovey was in Arkansas City at this time to deal with issues related to the Land Rush of 1889. Hovey was elected governor in 1888 and died in office in 1891, so the image dates to sometime within that range. Professionally framed, 16.5 x 17 in. overall.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $1,500 - $2,500

337 D.S. Cole Photograph, Chiefs of the Sioux Indians Photograph, 13 x 14.5 in. (sight), mounted, matted and framed, 19.75 x 20 in. Mount with imprinted title, Chiefs of the Sioux Indians, and the following identifications (left to right): Little Boys, Barearm Necklaces, Jumping Chaser or Kicking Bear, Young Sitting Bull, Bear Paint Himself, 206

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White buffalo, or Sitting Bull Jr., White Bull, Young Eagle Bear. With D.S. Cole, Hot Springs, S.D. imprint on mount, and Copyright 1901, By D.S. Cole handstamp lower right in photograph.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $4,000 - $6,000 BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Plateau & Great Basin

338 Chief Joseph, Possibly Unpublished Photograph by W.S. Bowman Photograph of Nez Perce leader Chief Joseph seated in a studio setting, on development paper, 5 x 7 in. (sight), matted and framed, 9.75 x 11.75 in. A possibly unpublished portrait of Chief Joseph, with identification and W.S. Bowman, Pendleton, OR, included in negative.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $800 - $1,000

339 Chief Joseph Silver Print, Attributed to Wells Moses Sawyer Silver print showing Chief Joseph in profile, 9.5 x 13 in. (sight), matted and framed, 15 x 18.5 in. Although unsigned, this striking portrait of the Nez Perce Chief was likely taken by American artist, Wells Moses Sawyer.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $600 - $800

340 W.H. Jackson Albumen Photograph of Yamapi, A Runner for Ute Chief Ouray Cabinet photograph of Yamapi, A Runner for Chief Ouray, as identified in negative, with W.H. Jackson, Denver, CO backmark. 1880.. $500 - $700

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WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Plateau & Great Basin 341 Hayden Expedition Cabinet Photograph of Wasco Indian, Oscar or the Little Vessel Albumen photograph on a US Dept. of the Interior/Hayden Survey cabinet mount, titled in the negative Oscar or the Little Vessel, Wasco.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $900 - $1,200

WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Southwest 342 Geronimo Signed Cabinet Card with Inscription Describing Meeting with the Apache Chief Cabinet card portrait of Geronimo on mount bearing the Apache chief’s original signature. The card, featuring a chest-length portrait of Geronimo, shows him wearing a wide-brimmed hat and a long chain around his neck. The card bears the studio imprint of Jansen, 289 E. Genesee St. Buffalo.

The original purchaser, from Elmira, NY, wrote a personal inscription, on mount verso, dated September 25, 1901, describing a meeting with Geronimo in his wigwam. Among other things, he talked with him for a half hour and was shown his war bonnet. The inscription reads as follows: On the 25th day of September 1901 at the Pan American Exhibition at Buffalo N.Y. at the Indian Congress, I went to the wigwam of Geronimo (the Indian Chief and the Apache so well known to history) and purchased this picture of him personally paying him $2.50 therefor which was in a bead frame.

He invited me into his wigwam …?... an interpreter, who was his grandson. I talked with him one half of one hour. At my request I asked him to write his name which he did with a led [sic] pencil under his photograph he told me he had been taught to write his name while held a prisoner of war in a military prison in Florida — He was at the Pan American under United States Military guard — He was brought to the Pan American from the Indian Ter [ritory]. Although eighty six (86) years of age he rode his horse with the do …?... of a young man. He showed me …?... bonnet of feathers with which he …?... himself & handed it to me for e…. Elmira N.Y. Sept 27th 1901 — Wilmot …?

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Verso

The card comes mounted in its original beaded frame, which was likely handmade by upstate New York Indians for sale to the tourist trade in the late 1890s and early 1900s. Added at a later time in different ink at the top edge of the front side of the card: Died at Fort Sill in 1909 — Comanche County Oklahoma. $2,000 - $4,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Southwest 343 C.S. Fly Photograph of Geronimo and Natches Albumen boudoir photograph with applied paper label on verso, identifying the scene as from Fly’s series, Scene in Geronimo’s Camp, the Apache Outlaw and Murderer, including imprinted title, No. 171 - Geronimo and Natches mounted, Natches with hat on; son of Geronimo standing by his side. Handstamp at lower right shows C.S. Fly’s copyright and 1886 date, and verso paper label with Fly’s Tombstone, Arizona, imprint John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $1,500 - $2,000

344 C.S. Fly Boudoir Photograph, Group of Hostiles from Geronimo’s Camp Albumen boudoir photograph titled in the negative No. 181 - Group of Hostiles, with C.S. Fly’s copyright and 1886 date lower left, verso with Fly’s Gallery, Tombstone, Ariz., C.S. Fly Proprietor handstamp. Jay Van Orden (1991: 20) notes that many of the individuals in this particular plate show nearly new clothing, suggesting that the band had re-outfitted itself since losing nearly everything in a January raid by U.S. forces on their Mexican stronghold. $3,000 - $5,000

345 W.H. Jackson Albumen Photographs of Identified Apache Indians Lot of 2 photographs, each 5 x 7.5 in., on 5.75 x 8.5 in. mount lacking a studio mark, but including penciled note identifying the photographer as William Henry Jackson. The first subject is identified in the negative as Pinal Apache, with further information regarding his identity on verso applied paper label. Known as Hautushnehay, he served as one of the reservation policeman appointed by the agent.

The second subject is identified as Chato. Chief/ Chiricahua. Between 1866-1886, Chato was a major figure in the Chiricahua Apache battles against the whites, Mexicans, and the US Army, on both sides of the US. Soon after the surrender of Geronimo, he surrendered to General George Crook in early February 1884, subsequently becoming a sergeant in the US Army scouts. In 1886, Chato led a peace delegation to Washington, DC, where he was given a silver medal by President Arthur. He also served as an army scout at Fort Sill, OK, for a period of time. Chato died in 1934 in Arizona, as a result of an automobile accident.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $1,500 - $2,000 SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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346 Ben Wittick Boudoir Photograph of Mescalero Apaches at the Tertio-Millennial Exposition Boudoir photograph titled and signed in the negative, Mescalero Apaches, N.M., Wittick, Photo, with Ben Wittick’s Albuquerque, NM imprint on verso. Research indicates that this outdoor portrait was taken at the Tertio-Millennial Exposition, Santa Fe, NM, 1883. $600 - $800

347 Ben Wittick Photograph of Bonito, Chiricahua Chief Boudoir photograph of a Chiricahua Apache Indian holding a twotrigger, single-shot rifle and wearing a Mills cartridge belt with upsidedown US buckle. Identified in the negative as “Bonito,” Chiricahua Chief, and signed Wittick. Ca 1884. Mount verso includes Wittick’s Albuquerque, NM, imprint as well as exhibition label from the Second International Congress of Eugenics, held at the American Museum of Natural History in New York, 1921.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $800 - $1,000

WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Pictorialists 348 F.A. Rinehart Platinum Photograph, Black Bear, Ogalalla Sioux Platinum print, 13 x 16 in. (sight), with identification in the negative at upper left, Black Bear - Ogalalla Sioux, plus negative number 1469 and F.A. Rinehart’s 1899 copyright at lower right. Taken in Omaha, NE. Matted and framed, 21.5 x 24 in.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $1,000 - $1,500

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WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Pictorialists

349 L.A. Huffman, Signed & Hand-Colored Photograph, Camp of Spotted Eagle’s Hostile Sioux Tongue River Valley, 1879 Warm-toned, hand-colored silver gelatin photograph, 14.5 x 23.25 in. (sight), matted and framed, 22.75 x 31.75 in. Signed, dated, and titled

by L.A. Huffman at bottom, Camp of Spotted Eagle’s hostile Sioux-Tongue River Valley 1879. The Spotted Eagle Village was one of the last leather lodge villages encountered on the Yellowstone.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $2,000 - $3,000 350 No Lot

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WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Pictorialists 351 F.A. Rinehart - Marsden Studios, Group of 39 Silver Gelatin Prints of American Indians Lot of 39 silver gelatin prints, each approx. 15 x 18 in. (including margins), with credit to F.A. Rinehart, Omaha, in the negative, as well as copyright date, ca 1898-1899. Each subject is identified in the negative and on an accompanying 15 x 18 in. page featuring a typed identification and brief biography. A page bearing the title North American Indians is included, crediting the photographic prints within the collection to Rinehart-Marsden, Omaha.

Following the passing of F.A. Rinehart in 1928, his widow Anna Rinehart and son-in-law George Marsden continued to operate the photography business. Although Rinehart’s wife was forced to retire in 1952 because of health issues, Marsden operated the studio until his death in 1966. Marsden produced a unique album of portraits using 65 of Rinehart’s negatives. The large format prints were bound together in a leather album, and a flyleaf identifying each image was also included. Marsden later produced a second album featuring 65

different images. (Information obtained from the Museum of Nebraska Art Website, May 12, 2015.) Although the prints and accompanying pages offered here are loose, the holes along the left edge of each page indicate that they were previously bound together, possibly as part of one of the original albums produced by Marsden, ca 1930s-1960s.

The collection includes the following subjects: Swift Dog; Last Horse; White Whirlwind; Touch the Cloud; Broken Arm; Hollow Horn Bear; Chief Little Wound; Chief Red Sack; Conquering Bear; Goes to War; Good Eagle; Lone Bear; Black Bear; Ex Governor Jose Jesus Narango; Governor Diego Narango; Rocky Bear; Chief Red Cloud; Antoine Moise; Watowosa; Hattie Tom; Juan Jose; Thunder Cloud; White Buffalo; White Swan; Geronimo; Sitting Bull; Chief Mountain; Chief American Horse; Lick; Eagle Feather and Papoose; Chief Red Fly; Yellow Feather; High Bear; Little Chief Arapahoe; Clear; Shot in the Eye; Crazy Bear; Eagle Thunder; Chief Bill Rock. $3,000 - $6,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Pictorialists 352 Richard Throssel Photograph, Crow Indians, The Returning of the War Party, 1911 Warm toned silver gelatin print of Crow Indians crossing the Bighorn River, 11.5 x 16.5 in. (sight), framed, 16 x 20 in.

Inscribed in pencil on verso, Crow Indians, The Returning of the War Party, Photo by Richard Throssel (part Indian), 1911. This image is reproduced in a very rare pamphlet entitled The Teepee Book, The Custer Battle Number Vol. II, No. VI, originally published in 1916.

John Painter Collection of American Indian & Western Photography $1,000 - $1,500

WESTERN AMERICANA | Texas 353 Texas Hero, Mexican & Civil War Veteran, & Politician, James C. Gaither & Wife, Florida Townsend, Half Plate Daguerreotype Lightly hand-tinted, half plate daguerreotype portrait of a distinguished looking couple identified as James C. Gaither and his wife, Florida Townsend Gaither, housed in full, pressed-paper case.

Accompanied by a binder of research materials.

James Caldwell Gaither was a prominent citizen in the history of Texas as well as several of the central counties south of Waco. He was a military and political leader who left a very favorable legacy in Texas.

James C. Gaither was born April 12, 1826 in Iredell County, NC, to Forest and Lamira (Caldwell) Gaither. The Gaither family moved progressively westward to Marengo County, AL, in 1836 and then on to Fayette County in Central Texas in 1840. After the outbreak of the Mexican War, Gaither enlisted as a first lieutenant in John C. Hays’ regiment of Texas Cavalry and entered the conflict. The unit was sent to reinforce General Winfield Scott arriving in Mexico just after the fall of Mexico City. Also in Scott’s entourage of junior officers in this campaign were Robert E. Lee, Thomas ‘Stonewall’ Jackson, James Longstreet, U.S. Grant and George Meade. Gaither survived the conflict, however his brother Carlos was killed in action.

After the war, Gaither returned to Texas to engage in the mercantile trade and purchase land. In 1848, he married Florida Townsend (born March 5, 1828 in Tallahassee, FL) daughter of Stephen Townsend and Sabrina Robinson Townsend. The newly married Gaithers began their married lives in Fayette County, TX. Together they bore and raised five children. Sabrina’s brother, Joel Robinson, was a hero at the Battle of San Jacinto in the Texas War of Independence. He was a member of the group who captured General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna.

Joel Robinson was awarded a land grant for his service and the entire family moved to Falls County, TX. In a strange coincidence Sabrina’s brother and husband fought Santa Anna in different wars.

With the outbreak of the War Between the States, the Texas State legislature organized military companies to provide for defense. They served the State of Texas rather than the CSA and were often referred to as the Texas State Troops. Gaither served as Captain of the Round Top Guerilla Cavalry in the 22nd Brigade, reporting to General William G. Webb.

In 1873, Gaither bought land in Falls County where the town of Chilton was built. He was a school trustee at Landrum (1874-1875), and later at Chilton. He was a delegate for his county in the Texas Constitutional Convention of 1875 and went on to serve two terms

in the 16th and 17th Legislatures of Texas (1878-1882). Notable in his accomplishments was authoring bills to restrict location of all land certificates to the pubic domain and another to legalize the use of barbed wire in the State. In 1879, he was appointed Superintendent of the State Orphan Asylum at Corsicana.

Gaither died March 8, 1899, and is buried next to his wife who had died six months earlier (August 27, 1898) in the Chilton Cemetery in Falls County, TX. $3,000 - $5,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | California

Figure 1

354 Remarkable Daguerreian Archive of a California Gold Miner Lot includes 2 quarter plate and 3 sixth plate daguerreotypes, double sixth plate ambrotypes (housed in a geometric union case), and a partially printed receipt for passage on the clipper ship Governor Morton.

This remarkable group documents the passage of young Charles Hayden Gray from a young “down easter” to rough-hewn California goldminer. Born in 1831 to Edward Gray and Susan Getchell, Charles joined the thousands who headed west after the strike at Sutter’s Mill, embarking from New York City on the fast clipper Gov. Morton on February 9, 1852 bound for San Francisco. His passage is commemorated by a partially printed 8.5 x 4.25 in. receipt for second class passage printed in red on blue paper from the Empire Line. San Francisco Packet of New York (Figure 1). On the verso is printed the weekly menu of the passengers, a monotonous offering of beef, beans, molasses, coffee, and the occasional pickle and pork.

Gray joined 104 other passengers, arriving in the city by the bay on July 15, 1852 after a 124-day passage which took the Morton around the Horn. The ship’s arrival was duly noted in the July 15, 1852 edition of the Daily Alta California, Reference to our shipping memoranda will show the arrival of the ship “Gov. Morton” from New York...having on board one hundred eight passengers. This is the largest number of passengers that has arrived in one ship by the way of Cape Horn in many

months. It recalls the early days of emmigration to California... Apparently, the journey was not a happy one, for the Alta also recorded: The passengers...adopting the fashionable method of an “expression” at the “close of a long journey”, by a card to the captain and officers of the vessels, present...one of the spiciest “tokens” that we have read for many a day.

Such a torrent of complaint and censure could only emanate from a shipload of passengers whose patience as well as their bread, butter and “small stores” had been exhausted by a trip around the horn.

Gray’s photographic transformation begins with his sixth plate daguerreotype wearing his Sunday best, and sporting a neat beard, that reveals his cheeks and upper lip (Figure 2). In this image Gray appears to be in his early 20s, and it is easy to speculate that this was taken just prior to his departure for California. After Gray’s embarkation in San Francisco, he seems to have outfitted himself for the mines; we believe the quarter plate illustrated in Figure 3 was taken shortly afterwards and shows him in his miner’s “get-up.” In this fine, vertical image, Gray sports the same beard, but now considerably fuller and lengthened after 124 days aboard the Morton. Gray strikes a confident pose, hand on hip, wearing a striped blouse, a wide, dark kerchief at the neck, his head topped by a wide-brimmed hat. Around his waist is belt with a two-piece buckle favored by miners, and the butt of a holstered revolver — perhaps a M1849 Colt Pocket Police — is strikingly visible at his side.

Figure 2

Figure 3

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WESTERN AMERICANA | California

Figure 5

Figure 4

The next image (Figure 4) — a sixth plate housed in a full leather case — shows Gray some months later. His beard and hair have grown longer, but his face still records a determined optimism. His striped blouse is open wide, and he poses with his hand at his waist — his miner’s belt still visible. While we know nothing of the specifics of Gray’s mining experience, the next image, a quarter plate housed in a leather case — suggests it was not a happy one (Figure 5). In this horizontal pose taken at an unknown, though presumably later date, Gray wears a different blouse, with a chain, highlighted in gilt visible on his breast. His hair is now shorter, and his beard still full, has been trimmed. To his right another figure has been neatly, and purposely removed by a series of vertical wipes. We assume the missing person to be Gray’s partner, and the image a remembrance of a relationship gone bad.

We can probably guess that Gray, like most gold-seekers, failed to find his fortune. He remained, in California, however, and married E.C. Sawyer in March of 1855. The 1880 census records him as merchant, selling “General Merchandise” residing in Eden, Alameda County.

His death is unrecorded. Lot includes an additional sixth plate daguerreotype of an unidentified young woman produced by North of Cleveland, OH, printed census information, and history of the Gov. Morton. A fine grouping, made all the more remarkable by Gray’s retention of his original receipt for passage. $8,000 - $10,000

355 California Gold Rush Journal of Abel E. Babcock, Plus 26 Subsequent Diaries 27 personal, handwritten diaries that present a unique historical record of 19th century America, covering a period of 49 years, 18521900. The diaries contain over 7000pp that relate in daily detail the life and times of minister, Abel E. Babcock.

A profoundly significant faith in God and love of his family sustained Abel Babcock through brutal sea voyages, the perilous goldfields of 1852, 1853 and 1854 California, to the rural town of Jonesville, Michigan. Golden State riches proved elusive but the wealth of experiences garnered from his 3 year journey energized his life’s vocation of enriching the hearts and souls of his congregations.

A more glaring contrast could hardly be found between the gold addicted volatility of California and the sedate predictability of Hillsdale County, Michigan.

Babcock left Litchfield, Michigan, December 31st, 1851…To take the last farewell of all that is dear was truly trying yet we committed all into the hands of him who never leaves nor forsakes those who trust in him. After a long journey by stage coach to Dunkirk, New York, there were no beds to be had…Most spent the night drinking swearing and dancing . . . . . anything but agreeable especially for Sabbath. After a train journey through New York State, the NY&ER Railroad delivered Babcock to New York City. The travelers were . . . put up at Heath’s Hotel with many others who are on the road to California…Men of all nations as well as occupations are here and hundreds that are bound for California.

The Steam Ship Ohio, bound for the Atlantic [ eastern ] Coast of Panama was boarded at 2:00 PM. The curse of seasickness struck many of the 700 to 800 passengers. Entering the Gulf Stream, Babcock noticed immediately how much warmer it was and writes of seeing Flying Fish for the first time on Jan. 15th, 1852. Soon the Ohio passed the mountainous Island of St. Domingo. The captain put an end to card playing on the Sabbath. The Ohio landed at Chagres. A walking and canoe journey with baggage was required for the travelers to cross Panama…Intolerable hot . . . . . road [ a 70 mile trail ] very uneven . . . . not a cool breeze . . . nor a drop of cool water to be found. Babcock describes the natives . . . both sex seem to run together very much like the cattle. The commodity of virtue is little known here. There has been here today a bull fight and cock fighting.

Babcock boarded the American sailing bark Philena, which he describes as small and old with many more passengers than can be accommodated very well. Babcock preached on board the ship . . . . all but the Catholics gave good attention. The drinking water was getting bad and . . . had to take the mold off the bread to eat it. Many people were sick and one man was delirious with Yellow Fever. A young man was bled to quiet him and in ½ hour he is truly quiet for he is dead. The man was buried at sea and the author states, it is the most solemn sight in my life. Shortly thereafter the ship steward also died. Babcock would witness several more sea burials before reaching California. Several times becalmed, with low water and provisions, the ship put into Puntarenas, Costa Rica. Without money for port charges or provisions the ship was unable to leave. Two collections were solicited from the passengers and the captain’s gold watch was added to the total

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WESTERN AMERICANA | California pot and after 14 days the Philena sailed for California. Babcock states that the ship leaks quite bad and must be pumped every 2 hours. He decries the drunkenness, rowdyism, and quarreling common among the voyagers and crew . . . most nights all night. Fifty days out of Panama the erratic effects of wind, weather and currents on sailing ships have placed Babcock 400 miles south of Acapulco which is not quite half way to San Francisco. Another entry on March 27 . . . perfect bedlam here last night caused by the free use of liquor. . . the captain and many of the passengers were the worse for drink. So we had . . .Drinking, Cursing and Swearing together with all manner of filthy conversation and plenty of quarreling to fill the picture. A day or two later, 2 men . . . soon die and be launched into the deep. At long last Acapulco, Mexico was Babcock’s next port of call.

Having arrived a few days ahead of Easter, a huge local pageant depicting the death of Christ on Good Friday greatly impressed Babcock. As a staunch protestant he was hesitant to bestow positive credit on any Catholic event but writes…my mind was very much affected on the occasion.

Fourteen days passed in the port of Acapulco during which the captain, crew and many passengers remained in a constant state of drunkenness.

Serious and sober passengers desired to continue their journey to California on another ship. They asked Babcock to present their case to the American Consul. Babcock and others succeeded in booking passage on the Steamer Winfield Scott.

Pacific Ocean waves, bad food and bad water conspired to again present Babcock and many others with painful diarrhea. At long last, after a 4 month trek by train, stage coach, Steamer Ohio, canoe, Sailing Barque Philena and Steamer Winfield Scott - Babcock landed on the shore at San Francisco, California.

The brief description of his tumultuous journey just provided is but a small sample of the adventures Abel Babcock experienced and endured in California. A man stabbed to death the night previous was laid out on the planked side walk while another body was retrieved from San Francisco Bay – another murder victim…The greed for gold will cause men to do anything…he writes as these events occurred on his first day in California. Within a few hours Babcock left for Sacramento, which was the center of gold mining territory. Having heard of success at Mud Springs – Babcock walked the 44 miles from Sacramento. An entire day’s hard labor earned $1.75. Prospecting at Coon Hollow earned the following daily wages: $1.27, $4.12, 56c, $1.39…Discouraging in the land of gold. He heard of a Michigan native who had died of Typhoid Fever. Babcock notes . . . all excitement as Indians have killed one Chinaman and wounded 4 others . . . miner’s blood is up and they have captured an Indian . . . a man was dispatched for the Sheriff but before he returned the Indian was delivered to the Chinamen and soon he was hanging to the limb of a tree . . . the Indian was buried but later he was dug up by the Indians taken to the tribe and his body burned.

Babcock recounts a prospecting journey in which he saw country he describes as having terrible convulsions. Most likely this was his first sight of land shattered by earthquakes. In another first experience . . . saw a man use a lasso to catch a horse. A while later he comments After mature reflection have decided to try my luck in the city. Babcock 216

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got a job making picks in a blacksmith shop, earning $4.00 per day plus board. He relates a celebration parade of Masons on St. John’s Day, a negro man shot by a woman of his own race, and a duel fought with rifles to satisfy wounded honor – no notice of it taken by officers of the law for it was an affair of honor. He notes a huge wake and sincere mourning in California at the death of Henry Clay, One of America’s noble son’s. A huge fire destroyed every house in Sacramento including the Golden Eagle Hotel where Babcock was employed as a carpenter.

The fire forced him to live in a tent…A number of Chinese women have come here to tarry and establish a house of ill fame. Men have paid more attention to the Chinese prostitutes than their business.

While the adventures were many and the experiences were rich, Babcock perceived the toll taken on men in the pursuit of California’s gold…There are many about whose reason has failed them and they wander about as confirmed maniacs . . . . others put an end to a miserable existence by committing suicide. . . .others resort to the intoxicating cup in hopes of drowning trouble.

After mature consideration in November, 1854, Babcock decided to return to all that was near and dear to him in Michigan. Overcoming another perilous sea voyage – It looks as though we shall all go to the bottom - he was then reunited with his loving wife and children. He continued the diaries, which daily chronicle the events of his life. In later entries, he comments on the conclusion of the Civil War and the death of Lincoln…A nation mourns as no other nation has ever mourned.

Following the physical and emotional roller coaster of 1850s California, Babcock was content with the measured consistency of preaching, planting and providing for his family. He continued his daily chronicles through 1900. $8,000 - $12,000

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Detail

356 Important Collection of Prescription Books from San Francisco, CA, Apothecaries and Family Druggists, T.P. Bevans & Co., 1850-1886 Lot of 9 volumes. All in various sized ledger books with marbled paper covers and leather spines (mostly gone). About half with paper label of T.P. Bevans & Co., Apothecaries and Family Druggists, SE corner of Broadway & Stockton Street, San Francisco. One with label of John Bevans, Apothecary and Family Druggist, still at Broadway and Stockton, but the first part (with the corner information) rubbed off. Two are missing the front board with their labels.

Book 1, 8 x 12 in. May 30, 1850 - Sept. 20, Rx numbers 301-387; on page 9, there are no numbers, dated Sept. 23 - Oct. 1. Then after page 12, the numbering begins with 1 as do the page numbers; dated Aug. 25, 1851 to Oct. 9, 1852; prescription numbers 1 - 1566 (including another 301-387).

Book 2, 8.25 x 13.75 in.; label with “Prescriptions / Liber [book] B / 29 Oct. 1850 to 25 Aug. 1851.” Rx numbers 2005 - 2993.

Book 3, 11 x 17 in., ca. Sept. 1, 1856 (numbers damaged, p. 2 starts with 3 Sept.) to 16 May 1859; Rx numbers 5015 - 10999. Hand-numbered pages to 232, last 1/4 or so not numbered.

Book 4, 8.5 x 13 in., front label with manuscript “Prescriptions / Liber [book] E / Jan. 1 to Sept. 30, 1854.” Rx numbers 127-142, 156-2280; appears that two pages in back torn out, last entry Sept. 26.

Book 5, 11 x 13.5 in., front label indicates book F, Oct. 1, 1854 - Aug. 31, 1856. Starts over with Rx number 1. Missing pp. 239-293, Rx numbers 4020 to 4932. Last page numbered 297, last Rx # 5015.

Book 6, 11 x 17 in., Nov. 21, 1863 - 14 Apr. 1866; Rx numbers 2200029728. 406pp (preprinted numbers). This one with John Bevans’ label.

Book 7, 11 x 16 in., July 16, 1869 - Jan 4, 1874; Rx numbers 36011 44043.

Book 8, 10.5 x 16 in., no front cover. Jan 5, 1874 - Feb. 1, 1879; Rx numbers 44044 - 54800.

Book 9, 11 x 16 in., no front cover. Mar. 29, 1886 - Nov. 20, 1893. Rx numbers 80081 - 85026.

These entries are medical recipes and instructions for use. A few have last name of customer, but most do not. Most of these volumes also have notes written on blank endpapers and pastedowns, including a few customers’ names. A couple have recipes affixed to front pastedown.

The medical recipes use plant extracts and chemicals. We think we recognize ingredients such as quinine and possibly morphine, but abbreviations are universal. Consignor indicates that some of these formulas include cannabis. There is plenty of research material in here for interested parties. Very few indicate the condition for which these are being prescribed, but there are certainly some indicators (is it taken by mouth, or a salve, for example).

According to a history of San Francisco Friends (Quakers), John and Thomas Bevan immigrated to San Francisco from England about 1850 (possibly drawn, as so many others, by Gold Rush opportunities).

An ad in the Daily Alta California, May 9, 1851, advertised that the store had leeches, carbonate ammonia, tartaric acid, and a “general assortment of drugs and medicines.” They were already at Broadway and Stockton. In 1862, John went into business with William Pickering, but that partnership dissolved in 1865. Both brothers appear in Directory listings for at least the next decade. (see http://sfquakers. org/about-us/our-history/our-history-150-years/ ) The Bevan family in California appears to have been Quakers, since other immigrants known to have been Quakers stayed with them upon arrival. Silvanus Bevan (1691-1765) was a well known Quaker apothecary in London, and, although he had no surviving children, his brother, Timothy, did. Timothy’s son, Silvanus had seven sons - the immigrants may have been descendants of one branch of this family or another, although we did not locate the entire family tree. $20,000 - $30,000

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357 A Rare and Unique California Quartz Watch Chain with a Locket Fob and a 14 Karat Gold E. Howard Pocket Watch A wonderfully preserved California quartz watch chain and fob in 14k yellow gold containing seven stations of gold quartz set into double-sided bezels. The fob itself is a 14k gold locket with two vintage photographs inside and eight compartments on the front each holding a rare specimen of California quartz which can be seen through the clear glass cover. The back of the fob is separated in the center with each half containing an example of California quartz. The elongated hexagonal buttonhole fixture is also set with two pieces of California quartz.

The pocket watch is an E. Howard & Co., Boston, 14k yellow gold Keystone case with a reeded edge. Triple signed 5006476. The size 18 movement is pendant wind and set. The movement serial number is 224911, ca 1883. The white porcelain dial has a counter-sunk subseconds dial at the six o’clock position with black Arabic numerals and an outer minutes chapter. The umbrella-style hands are blued. $8,000 - $12,000

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Details

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358 Colorado History Collection Regarding “Baby Doe” Tabor and Union Colony No. 1 (Greeley) Lot of 10+ items.

The Tabors of Denver and Leadville Born Elizabeth Bonduel McCort in 1854 in Oshkosh, WI, Lizzie possessed both inner and outer beauty that made her the center of attention wherever she “landed.” Although Harvey was Lizzie’s social superior, and his mother did not approve of the match, Harvey must have eventually worn her down, and the couple was married in 1877. Harvey’s father owned half interest in the Fourth of July Mine in Central City, Colorado, and offered it to the newlyweds if they could make it profitable. So the couple headed west, with Harvey sure he would make his fortune overnight. Unfortunately, as for so many others, things did not work out that way. Mining entailed more hard work than Harvey was accustomed to, and, eventually, Lizzie put on miners’ clothes and set to work in the mines herself. This also did not fit the image of the Victorian lady and was another subject of gossip, but her winning ways still made her a favorite of the miners, who gave her the nickname “Baby” Doe – and it stuck for the remainder of her life.

As the Fourth of July Mine failed to produce the expected riches, Harvey began to show his true colors. He was lazy and not fond of any work, and especially hard work. He eventually started drinking and moving from mining camp to mining camp.

Harvey became ever more lazy, jobless and a drunkard, and Baby Doe sued for divorce on the grounds of nonsupport, and, after witnessing him entering a brothel, adultery. The divorce was granted in 1880.

Within a few months, her future took a different path when she met Horace Tabor.

Horace Tabor was born in 1830 in Holland, Vermont. He began working in the quarries of Maine, where he met, then married, Augusta Pierce, daughter of the owner of the quarry. They worked the land for a couple years, before news of mineral riches still farther west, in what is now Colorado, piqued Horace’s interest. With their infant son in tow, the Tabors moved first to Denver, then to California Gulch, eventually settling in what would become Leadville. For the most part, Horace was the provisioner for the miners, opening a store with all the supplies needed. As they moved from camp to camp, Horace 220

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would open a store and he would engage in some prospecting while Augusta cooked and otherwise helped the miners. They were respected for their honesty and generosity, although Horace had a tendency to be too generous; she was the one to scrape and save.

Horace occasionally grubstaked miners, and in 1878, his generosity would pay off. He provided provisions for a couple of miners in return for a one-third interest in their claim, which they named the Little Pittsburgh Mine. Within just a few months, the mine was producing enough that each of the three had an income of $50,000 per month.

Horace quickly became a leader in the silver mining community, even partnering with speculators such as Marshall Fields at the Chrysolite Mine. In 1879, he purchased his first mine by himself, the Matchless Mine, which lived up to its name, earning him over $2,000 per day. He began developing Leadville, establishing two newspapers, a band and an opera house. The sudden riches were uncomfortable for Augusta, but Horace could not spend money fast enough. When Horace built a mansion in Denver, Augusta would only live in the servants’ quarters.

The couple was drifting farther apart when Baby Doe fell into Horace’s life. Both said it was love at first sight, even though he was 25 years her senior. And Baby Doe, unlike Augusta, was not shy about living in luxury. Horace installed her in the Windsor Hotel in Denver. As time went on, the affair became public. However, when Horace asked Augusta for a divorce, she refused. Horace engineered a series of secret divorces and marriages to Baby Doe, to the extent that it is not clear even today whether they were ever legally married. Eventually Augusta did negotiate a settlement, receiving $100,000 per month, plus the Denver mansion and other properties (they still owned hundreds of acres in Kansas). She moved to Pasadena, and when she died in 1895, she left their son, Maxcy, over $1.5 million.

For the next decade, Horace and Baby Doe’s lives were a constant round of parties. He secured an appointment to a vacated senatorial seat in Washington, DC. There, he and Baby Doe were married again, this time at the Willard Hotel.

At his peak, Horace was reportedly one of the five richest men in America. The happy couple soon had two daughters that they named Elizabeth Bonduel Lily Tabor, called “Lillie,” and Rose Mary Echo Silver Dollar Tabor, called “Silver” or “Silver Dollar.” Their third child, a son, was stillborn.

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This lot features cabinet cards of the Tabor girls, both titled “Baby Tabor.” One is of Lillie Tabor, age 24 months, by Rose & Co., taken July 1886. The other, by A.E. Rinehart, Denver, is of Silver taken in April, 1890, when she was only 19 weeks of age. [see Buys, Christian J. A Quick History of Leadville. Western Reflections Publishing Co., 2004, p.

25 passim] Horace did not fare nearly as well as Augusta. He ignored the advice of friends to diversify, and made some risky investments, some of which failed to make money, and even some in Mexico and South America.

He built the Tabor Opera House, a $700,000 venture, in Denver. When the nation repealed the Sherman Silver Act in 1893, it triggered a panic, and the Tabors’ fortunes plummeted. Within just a couple years, they lost nearly everything – selling jewelry, property, the Denver mansion and its contents. Horace remained optimistic, and took on any job he could find, eventually shoveling slag for $3 per day, sure the good times would return. The family went from spending $10,000 per week to $3700 per year.

The lot contains the deed from one of those transactions. It records the sale of “lots two (2) and three (3) in Block lettered “F” of the Stevens & Lester’s addition to the City of Leadville” to Richard Casey for $700. The deed is signed by both Horace (“H.A. Tabor”) as President and Baby Doe (“E.B. Tabor”) as Secretary of Tabor Mines & Mills Co. (interestingly – a female executive of a huge company!) The deed is dated 23 Feb. 1895, as the Tabors were selling off any property they could to generate living funds. Horace’s signature is fairly rare. We were only able to locate one item (stock certificate), past or present signed

by Horace, and none signed by Baby Doe – these are very scarce, especially when combined.

Despite the opinion of rumor-mongers who were sure Baby Doe would leave then the money ran out, they stayed together. Horace was eventually appointed as postmaster in 1898, but the hard years seemed to have weakened the aging Silver King. He died in 1899, just a bit over a year into his appointment, leaving his family destitute.

It was reported that there were 10,000 mourners at Horace Tabor’s funeral, and flags were flown at half-staff. Baby Doe, a widow at 38 years of age, never again lived in luxury, nor did she ever remarry.

Baby Doe shortly after moved into the equipment shed, just 12 by 16 feet, at the Matchless Mine, and reports of the day insisted that Horace’s dying words to her were to hold onto the Matchless, that it would make her rich again. There is little to indicate the truth in this report, and, indeed, the Tabors had sold the Matchless years before.

Baby was only permitted to live there because of the kindness of the new owners.

Baby Doe appears to have turned to religion and become increasingly paranoid and delirious, scribbling rambling notes on any piece of paper she could get her hands on. She decided her “new” life was penance for the excesses of her earlier life. In February of 1935, a snowstorm blew in that raged for days. When it finally abated, some neighbors noticed that there was no smoke coming from the cabin. Two of them fought through six-foot drifts to the cabin to find the 81-year-old former Silver Queen frozen on her cabin floor, the apparent victim of a heart attack. The cabin was subsequently ransacked by souvenir hunters and curiosity seekers. After her death, 17 trunks that had been stored by the Tabors in Denver and a few sacks and four more trunks stored in Leadville were opened – all that remained of a life of luxury, nearly everything of value having been sold previously to support the family. There were a few items, however, including expensive cloth, china, and a few pieces of jewelry, including the watch fob Baby Doe gave Horace at the opening of the Denver Opera House. [The cabin has since been restored as much as possible to its condition when Baby Doe lived there.]

The lot contains four examples of Baby’s rambling writings. One dated Sun. Nov. 1922, on a 6 x 9.5 in. sheet of paper. “I dreamed of being in a large open place light & bright & like Machenry in the place or something of its kind. my Mother was with us….I thought we were all there together because it was all about the Matchless Mine I thought we all had something to do about Matchless & I think the Baby means Matchless Mine is going to be worked at once – that God is now ready to stop all the devils thieves and enemies God our – divine Jesus Christ our Savior knows what is best for us all, and especially for those who worship Him does he cut the time short & help them always Bless be God forever.”

Another note is scribbled on the back of a Wonder Bread advertising slip, approx. 3 x 10 in. Aug. 2, 1929: A most beautiful Blue-bird flew close to my window & several flew above & around my cabin Then a most beautiful wild Canary describe its yellow flew close to my window & several around my cabin – then I went out & a lovly [sic] Robin came in front of me for a long time & stood still a few feet from me & did not move – it was not afraid & it walked slowly on the boards & went behind No. 6 shaft & I stood all the time it was walking telling it how I loved it & thanking God for creating it. This is not a vision it happened.” On the side printed with the Wonder Bread suggestions is: “see other side This is not a Vission [sic] It really happened to me to day. Mrs. Tabor.”

Two other scraps of paper containing Baby Doe’s ramblings are included. One, approx.. 4 x 6.5 in., is pictured and transcribed on page 55 of Christian Buys, Historic Leadville in Rare Photographs & Drawings (Western Reflections, 2007). Dated Sunday Aug 14 1927, Baby writes:

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“I saw a strong vision this morning of a bunch of papers or something like it burning in – flames on my breast bright long – flames – while reading this one I saw purple clouds To-day I saw a shadow pass my window I thought it was a moth & got up & looked out of window & I saw that it was the shadow of a tiny bird the very smallest bird I ever heard of or ever saw... living bird & so lovely Sunday August – 14 1927.”

The other is 5.5 x 5 in. dated April 27, 1930. I woke up in the middle of the night with awful cramps in both my ankles & I kept screaming loud & strong “O Jesus save me” & I got up & stood in the middle of the room screaming loud to God & all was pitch dark out doors & not one soul or animal as I thought for miles from this Matchless I was alone & screaming in agony to God very loud. – when all of a sudden I heard from the north side of my cabin the loud O so loud scream of a cat strong one Loud, strong, long terrible scream I stopped & & then another faint short scream as if it felt sad & I knew it went down the dump on East side I seemed to see it go down but in a vision as it was pitch dark so I know it was not a cat It was the spirit of a man or woman. (along side) It was a spirit over It know it ... April 27 1930 Sunday night [along the side] Mrs. Tabor Matchless Mine.”

Another letter, dated Feb. 19, 1935, is included with the lot, and this would have been written a mere two weeks before Baby Doe’s death.

According to the letter there was a clipping enclosed and the writer inquires about how Mrs. Tabor is doing.

Union Colony No. 1 (Greeley) The second part of the lot concerns Union Colony No. 1, a utopian colony formed to promote agriculture in the West, which had primarily been inhabited by miners and other speculators. Organization began in late 1869 by Nathan Meeker, whose goal was to form a religiouslyoriented, agricultural community inhabited by colonists of “high moral standards,” which included temperance, and most were literate. The venture was financially backed and promoted by Horace Greeley, editor of the New York Tribune and advocate of settlement in the West; Meeker was his agricultural editor. The colony would become incorporated as the city of Greeley, Colorado in 1886.

In mid-December 1869 Greeley placed an ad for colonists in the Tribune. Over 3000 responded. Of these, Meeker and Greeley chose 222

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700 prospective colonists, each of whom was expected to pay a membership fee of $150; only 90 backed out. In the Spring Meeker and two others went out and purchased land near the confluence of the Cache la Poudre and South Platte Rivers, an area Greeley had visited on his 1859 tour of the West.

The colony was quickly established, relying on irrigation to make agriculture feasible. This became one of the lasting contributions of the colony to the economy of the region. The colony was so successful that another colony was formed just two years later up the Poudre River at Fort Collins.

This portion of the lot includes a CDV of Job E. Brownell, one of the first colonists at Union Colony. As related in A History: Greeley and the Union Colony of Colorado (Boyd, David. 1890: 401-402): “Just above him lies the farm of our old tried friend, Job E. Brownell. He and his energetic, hopeful wife were among the first on the ground,… Mr. Brownell was an artilleryman in the regular army during the war of the rebellion.”

The CDV is accompanied by an 1870 letter, with Union Colony No. 1 / Tribune Office on the letterhead, addressed to Brownell, which indicates the schedule, is signed by Ralph Meeker, Secretary. A second letter addressed to Brownell, dated March 24, 1870, includes content regarding Union Colony membership numbers as well as instructions on what to take, points of departure, and skills of the men who are going (mechanics, merchants, editors, iron founders, etc.)

The letter also notes that schools, churches, mills and factories will be established immediately. On verso is a manuscript note stating that the locating committee is in Colorado with orders to buy land. Also signed by Ralph Meeker.

Refer to cowans.com for a more detailed description of the collection’s contents.

Collection of Christian J. Buys, Author and Colorado Historian $2,000 - $4,000

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359 Gold Miners in Dawson City, Yukon, Large Format Photographs, Plus Lot of 11 ca 1899-1906 photographs relating to Dawson City, Yukon and the Klondike Gold Rush. Three are 10 x 12 in. mounted photographs by Goetzman of Dawson City, all credited and identified in the negatives, including one titled Tom Nixon’s Skookum Bench Mine clears $1000.00 each day; one of 8 men posed with mining equipment, titled Nos. 10-11 AB Sulphur; and one of a man and woman walking among huge chunks of ice in the Yukon River at Dawson, with seven steamboats visible on the opposite bank, dated May 19, 1901.

Accompanied by a nice series related to Dawson grocer W.C. Avery, including a 3.25 x 4.75 in. photograph of Avery’s Store in its earliest stages, set up in a tent, the photo inked on verso Dawson City / Store of W.C. Avery (right) / July 21st, 1899 / N.W. Territory; 11 x 13 in. mounted

photograph of the business less than three years later, titled on verso W.C. Avery’s Grocery Store, Dawson, Yukon Terr., Canada, Spring of 1902 before enlarging; and two 10 x 12 in. mounted photographs titled Cottage in Dawson occupied by W.C. Avery, Summer of 1902, showing four men and three dogs relaxing on the porch.

Others include 2 views by Kinsey & Kinsey, one a 10 x 12 in. of a man and boy posed next to a sluice, titled in the negative Jim Gibbs - Youngest Successful Miner in Yukon, and a 9 x 13 in. unmounted photograph of roughly 40 miners, titled in the negative Rosenthal & Moe, 24 Above on Bonanza / July 6, 1902; plus a 5.5 in. sq. mounted photograph of a group of men on a boat, penciled on verso Dad on Boat to Nome Alaska in ‘98; and an uncredited 10 x 12 in. mounted photograph of a cabin buried in snow. $2,000 - $3,000

360 Dominion of Canada Meteorological Records for Dawson City, 1897-1898 Lot includes 14 months of maximum and minimum temperatures recorded at Fort Constantine and Dawson City, Yukon, during the Klondike Gold Rush. Includes records for Fort Constantine for the months of January 1897 through August 1897, and for Dawson September 1897 through December 1897 and November and December 1898. All on Dominion of Canada Meteorological Office Form 27 - Register of Rain, Snow, Weather, Miscellaneous Phenomena, and Extremes of Temperature; 8.25 x 13.25 in.

Fort Constantine was built in 1895 as the first outpost of the North-West Mounted Police in the Yukon. Gold was discovered 50 miles upriver in August 1896 and the explosion in population at that site over the next year dictated that most of the government agents at Fort Constantine follow them south to what had become Dawson. VG+ $600 - $800

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361 Cananea Copper Smelting Plant, Sonora, Mexico, Panoramic Photograph in Original Frame Panoramic tinted photographic enlargement, 12 x 24 in., of the Cananea Copper Smelter in Sonora, Mexico, just across the Arizona border. This panoramic view is housed in the original wood frame with gold filet and a brass plaque that reads, Smelting Plant, suggesting that this piece was hung in an office or in some official display for the company.

Precious metals have been mined in the Cananea area for centuries, but large-scale industrial copper production began in 1889 when

William Cornell Greene purchased the land and founded the Greene Consolidated Copper Company. The company grew to support a population of nearly 20,000 workers comprised of thousands of Mexicans, Americans, and Chinese, and made Green one of the richest men in the world. In 1906, conditions in what was essentially a company town led to the violent Cananea Strike, which resulted in 23 deaths and one of the events that precipitated the Mexican Revolution of 1910. Cananea remains today one of the world’s foremost copper mines. $1,000 - $2,000

WESTERN AMERICANA | Photography | Expeditions 362 Complete Set of 50 Stereoviews from the Wheeler Expeditions of 1871-1874 Set of 50 stereoviews documenting the Wheeler Expeditions of 18711874, as photographed by Timothy H. O’Sullivan and William Bell.

Numbered 1-50 on 4 x 7 in. mounts with the year of the expedition and 1st Lieut. Geo. M. Wheeler, Corps of Engineers Commanding, imprinted on recto, and on verso War Department, Corp of Engineers, U.S.A. / Geographical Explorations and Surveys West of the 100th Meridian, followed by a specific description of each view and photo credit to either O’Sullivan or Bell.

In 1869, Lt. George M. Wheeler led an exploratory expedition into California, Nevada, and Arizona, to map the landscape, record possible roadways, note native inhabitants, and consider sites for future military posts. On his return east in 1871, Wheeler proposed to survey and create a detailed map of the United States west of the 100th meridian, with a price tag of $2.5 million dollars and a time frame of 15 years, which Congress approved on June 10, 1872.

The official photographers for the Wheeler Survey were Timothy H. O’Sullivan (1840-1882), who had been a photographer for Mathew Brady and Alexander Gardner during the Civil War, and William Bell (1830-1910), who had documented Civil War combat injuries and diseases for the Army Medical Museum. Equipped with stereograph cameras, glass plates, darkroom equipment, and processing chemicals, they captured the mystic, unknown, western landscape. Many of their photographs were the very first of their particular subjects. $4,000 - $6,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Photography | Expeditions

362 SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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363 Timothy O’Sullivan Wheeler Expedition Photograph, Black Canon, Colorado River, Looking Above from Mirror Bar Albumen photograph, 8 x 10.75 in., on an 11 x 13.75 in. mount with the imprinted title Black Canon, Colorado River, Looking Above from

Mirror Bar, with T.H. O’Sullivan Phot. lower left and No.9 lower right of the print. O’Sullivan produced this landscape photograph during the Wheeler Expedition of 1873. The boat featured at center is O’Sullivan’s photography boat, complete with make shift darkroom. $4,000 - $6,000

364 Timothy O’Sullivan Wheeler Expedition Photograph, Grand Canon, Colorado River, Mouth of Kanab Wash, Looking East Albumen photograph, titled on mount recto, Grand Canon of the Colorado River, Mouth of Kanab Wash, Looking East, with T.H. O’Sullivan Phot. lower left and No. 6 lower right, 7.875 x 10.75 in., mounted on larger printed War Department cardstock, 15.5 x 18.875 in. Produced

by O’Sullivan during the Wheeler Expedition of 1872. $1,000 - $1,500

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Photography | Expeditions 365 Timothy O’Sullivan Wheeler Expedition Photograph, View Near Head of Conejos River, Col. Albumen photograph, titled on mount recto, Park Near Head of Conejos Canon, Col., with T.H. O’Sullivan Phot. lower left and No. 18 lower right, 7.875 x 10.75 in., mounted on larger printed War Department cardstock, 15.5 x 18.875 in. Produced by O’Sullivan during the Wheeler Expedition of 1874. $1,000 - $1,500

366 Timothy O’Sullivan Wheeler Expedition Photograph, Snake River Canon Idaho Albumen photograph, titled on mount recto, Snake River Canon, Idaho/ View from above Shoshone Falls, with T.H. O’Sullivan Phot. lower left and No. 25 lower right, 7.875 x 10.5 in., mounted on larger printed War Department cardstock, 15.5 x 18.875 in. Produced by O’Sullivan during the Wheeler Expedition of 1874. $1,000 - $1,500

367 Timothy O’Sullivan Wheeler Expedition Photograph, Apache Lake, Sierra Blanca Range, Arizona Albumen photograph, 8 x 10.75 in., on an 11 x 13.75 in. mount with the imprinted title Apache Lake, Sierra Blanca Range, Arizona, with T.H. O’Sullivan Phot. lower left and No.1 lower right of the print. O’Sullivan produced this landscape photograph during the Wheeler Expedition of 1873. Note the armed man at lower right. $1,500 - $2,500

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Photography | Expeditions 368 W.H. Jackson Hayden Expedition Stereoviews of Yellowstone and the Tetons Lot of 50, all on yellow mounts (half 4 x 7 in., half cabinet size) with the recto imprint Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey of the Territories / Prof. F.V. Hayden, in charge, and with photo credit to William Henry Jackson. Includes titles from the series Yellowstone National Park & Mammoth Hot Springs, Stereo Studies among the Grand Tetons of Snake River, Stereo Studies about Mt. Blackmore, M.T., and Stereo Studies among the Rocky Mountains. Housed in two period boxes with inked labels. $1,000 - $1,500

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369 W.H. Jackson Hayden Expedition Photograph of The Great Falls of the Yellowstone Albumen photograph, 9.75 x 12.75 in., titled in the negative at lower left The Great Falls of the Yellowstone, on 16 x 20 in. Dept. of the Interior/Hayden Survey mount with credit to Jackson at lower left and Scenery of the Yellowstone National Park in the lower margin. $2,000 - $3,000

370 W.H. Jackson Albumen Photograph, Yellowstone Lake, South East Arm Albumen photograph, 4.75 x 8.75 in., on 10.75 x 14 in. mount with gilt border featuring the printed title, Yellowstone Lake, South East Arm. Yellowstone Series 1871, with W.H. Jackson Photo lower left and Washington, D.C. lower right. Produced by Jackson during the 1871 Hayden Geological Survey. $1,000 - $1,500

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Photography | Expeditions

371 W.H. Jackson Albumen Photograph, Upper Fire Hole, From “Old Faithful” Albumen Photograph, 10 x 12.75 in., titled in the negative Upper Fire Hole, From “Old Faithful,” on 16 x 20 in. mount with Hayden Expedition imprint at upper left and credit to Jackson at lower left. Ca 1871. $2,000 - $3,000

373 W.H. Jackson Hayden Expedition Albumen Photographs of Gallatin County, Montana Territory Lot of 2, both 10.25 x 13.25 in. albumen prints on 16 x 20 in. mounts.

Titled in the negatives, Cascade, Middle Fork of the Gallatin in M.T.,

372 W.H. Jackson Hayden Expedition Albumen Photograph Arched Falls, Montana Territory Albumen photograph, 10.25 x 13.25 in., titled in the negative Arched Falls, Foot of Mt. Blackmore, M.T., on a 16 x 20 in. mount with gilt border and imprint of the Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey of the Territories, Prof. F.V. Hayden in Charge, at lower left and credit to Jackson at lower right. $1,000 - $1,500

and The Trail in West Gallatin Canon. Uncredited and in plain mounts, but known to be taken by Jackson in 1872 while working as the photographer for the Hayden Expedition. $1,000 - $1,500

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Photography | Landscapes

374 W.H. Jackson Albumen Photograph, Cheyenne Falls, From Below Albumen photograph, 9 x 12 in., on 14 x 17 in. mount, titled in the negative at lower left, 25 - Cheyenne Falls, From Below, and with credit to William Henry Jackson, Denver, at lower right. $800 - $1,200

375 W.H. Jackson Mammoth Albumen Photograph Cameron’s Cone From Tunnel 4, Colorado Midland Railway Mammoth albumen photograph, 16.75 x 21.25 in., titled in the negative at lower left, 1203 - Cameron’s Cone From Tunnel 4, Colorado Midland Railway / W.H. Jackson & Co. Phot., Denver, Colo. Ca 1879. A finely composed shot using the rocky entrance of the tunnel to frame a group of well-dressed travelers posed on the caboose of a Colorado Midland Train with Cameron’s Cone in the distance. Professionally framed under museum glass, 21.25 x 25.25 in. overall. $1,500 - $3,000

376 W.H. Jackson Mammoth Albumen Photograph The Walls of the Canyon - Grand River, Denver & Rio Grande RR Mammoth albumen photograph, 15.75 x 20.75 in. (sight) titled in the negative at lower left, 1027 - The Walls of the Canon - Grand River / Glenwood Extension D. & R.G. R.R. / Jackson-Smith Photo. Co., Denver, Colo. Attractively framed, 32.25 x 37.5 in. $600 - $800

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Photography | Landscapes

377 Indian Supply Train, Ute Pass, Albumen Photograph Attributed to Charles Weitfle Albumen photograph, 9.75 x 13.25 in., on 16 x 16 in. mount, titled in the negative, 21 - Indian Supply Train, Ute Pass, and in pencil on the mount, near Manitou, Colorado. Blindstamped No. 74 at upper left.

Charles Weitfle of Central City, CO, produced a similar stereoview from the same vantage point but with the supply train headed in the opposite direction. $1,000 - $1,500

378 George E. Mellen Mammoth Plate Photograph, Gateway, Garden of the Gods, Pike’s Peak in the Distance Circular, mammoth plate albumen photograph titled and signed in the negative at bottom, Gateway, Garden of the Gods, Pike’s Peak in the Distance, Geo. E. Mellen Photo. 17.75 x 21 in. (including margins), mounted and housed in what is believed to be the original frame with gilded gesso border, 28.25 x 34.5 in. $600 - $900

379 I.W. Taber Albumen Photograph, Section of the “Grizzly Giant,” 33 feet diameter, Mariposa Grove, Cal. Albumen photograph, 8 x 12.25 in., on 13.5 x 16.5 in. mount, credit to I. W. Taber, San Francisco, in the negative at lower right and at lower left the title A 62 - Section of the “Grizzly Giant,” 33 feet diameter, Mariposa Grove, Cal. Isaiah West Taber (1830-1912) likely made this negative in the early 1860s, but printed and sold this print sometime in the 1870s. The armed man standing at the base of the tree is Galen Clark (18141910), the first European to discover the Mariposa Grove of Giant Sequoias. Clark lobbied congress for protection of the area resulting in President Lincoln’s signing of the Yosemite Grant, which was the first environmental preservation act of its kind and led to the formation of Yosemite National Park in 1890. For his devotion and influence Clark was given the title of Guardian of Yosemite, which he held for 24 years. $500 - $700

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380 Wyoming Cowboys, Collection of Photographs by W.G. Walker Lot of 25 photographs of cowboy life by W.G. Walker of Cheyenne, Wyoming, ca 1890s. All are 4.75 x 7.75 in. silver gelatin prints on 7 x 10 in. mounts, titled and credited in the negative. The views document such aspects of cowboy life as Rounding Em Up, Throwing a Steer, Branding a 232

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Maverick, Dinner on Round Up, and more. One great view is titled A Cow Boy Race and shows more than twenty of them racing toward the camera on horseback, and another called A Bull Fight on the Plains shows two steers locked in horn-to-horn combat. $3,000 - $5,000 BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

WESTERN AMERICANA | Photography | Cowboys

381 Albumen Photograph of Cowboys at the Waterfall Ranch, Plus Thimble Rock Lot of 2, including 8.75 x 11 in. albumen print, on 13 x 15 in. mount with the inked title Waterfall Ranch. No photographer’s credit (though an inscription starting “He” was originally at lower right before being chipped off ) and we could not find any other references to

this “Waterfall Ranch.” Nonetheless, a fine photograph of several cowboys, a carriage, and a man, wife, and child posed in front of a ranch, with the waterfall pouring down the mountain in the background at right. Also included is an 8.75 x 11 in. albumen print on 11.25 x 14.25 in. mount with the inked title “Thimble Rock” 2 miles from house 800 ft. high. $500 - $700

382 Charles J. Belden Photograph of a Cowboy on Horseback Silver gelatin press photograph, 8 x 10 in., with Charles J. Belden, Z/T Ranch Pitchfork, Wyoming handstamp on verso as well as a partially printed, applied paper Purina Photo File label, with inked date, picture number, title, and description. A striking view of a cowboy on horseback dated 1936.

Charles J. Belden (1888-1963) was born in San Francisco into a wealthy California family. He developed a life-long passion for photography when he purchased his first camera to record his travels throughout Germany and Russia after graduating from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1909. Upon his return to the U.S., Belden worked as a cowboy on the L.G. Phelps Ranch in Wyoming. He then went to work on and eventually managed the legendary Pitchfork Ranch near Meeteetse, Wyoming. During his time at the Pitchfork Ranch between the 1920s and 1930s, Belden produced a variety of images that captured life on the dude ranch, including livestock activities, as well as the surrounding western landscape. Many of his western photographs were taken on horseback aboard his reliable pony Pinky.

He thought this gave him the desired perspective he was hoping to achieve. Belden’s photographs were featured in various publications, including National Geographic and the Saturday Evening Post. Refer to the University of Wyoming, American Heritage Center’s Digital Collection of Charles J. Belden Photography for comparable examples of his work. $500 - $700

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383 Charles J. Belden Photographs of Cowboys Herding Cattle Lot of 3 silver gelatin press photographs, 2 measuring 8 x 10 in., and the third, 7 x 11 in., each with Charles J. Belden, Z/T Ranch Pitchfork, Wyoming handstamp on verso as well as a partially printed, applied paper Purina Photo File label, with inked date, picture number, title and/or description. Featuring the following titles/captions: A Winter Round-Up, 1929; Feeding steers on range, no date; and an untitled western range scene at Z/T Ranch, 1942. $600 - $800

384 Charles J. Belden Photograph of a Cowboy Herding Cattle Silver gelatin photograph, 16 x 20 in., unmarked, but by Charles Belden, featuring a cowboy on horseback herding cattle down a hillside, with a mountainous landscape as the backdrop. Most likely taken in Wyoming, ca 1910s-1940s.

Charles Belden gave Lots 384-385 to the consignor’s grandfather, who worked on the Pitchfork Ranch in Wyoming during the 1930s. The photographs have been in the family since that time. $500 - $700 234

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385 Charles J. Belden Photograph of a Cowboy on Horseback, Tending Cattle Silver gelatin photograph, 14 x 18 in., unmarked, but by Charles Belden, featuring a cowboy pausing to inspect a small herd of cattle in a secluded meadow, ca 1920s. $500 - $700 BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

WESTERN AMERICANA | Photography | Cowboys

386 Eidson Brothers, Twin Buttes Ranch, Colorado, Group of Photographs of Cowboys on the Range Lot of 10 silver gelatin press photographs, 8 x 10 in., each with Eidson Bros., Twin Buttes Ranch, Rangely Colo. handstamp or inked credit on verso as well as a partially printed, applied paper Purina Photo File label, with inked date, picture number, title and/or description. Each photograph, which falls under the classification of Beef Cattle, is simply described as a Western Range Scene. Most of the photographs are dated between 19391943. The two striking views of the cowboy on horseback, with the clouds at his back, include white painted titles. $1,000 - $1,500

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Detail

387 Cowboy Poker / Playing Card Carrying Box, Ca Mid-Late 1800s American, ca mid-to-late-19th century. A painted, decorated carrying case with applied wooden decoration having a divided interior with three sections, the outer sections containing four removable lidded boxes, each decorated to represent a playing suit and containing

three sizes of playing chips, each box’s chips being a different color.

The exterior of the box has a lid with a central motif of playing cards, surrounded by decorative borders of cut and painted wood, all four sides also have decorative borders, and both the lid and base have scalloped edges, rising on turned feet; ht. 3.25, wd. 11.75, dp. 7.75 in. $500 - $700

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Photography 388 Cabinet Card of Photographer William E. Irwin Hunting Silver gelatin cabinet card with the imprint of Irwin & Mankins, Duncan, Indian Territory, showing photographer William E. Irwin (1871-1835) armed with a lever-action rifle and cartridge belt and displaying his game. Irwin operated as a photographer in several towns in Oklahoma, Indian Territory, New Mexico, and Arizona, ca 1893 to 1920s. He is noted for his portraits of the Kiowa and Comanche living in Oklahoma/I.T. around the turn of the century, as well as his portraits of Geronimo taken while he was confined at Fort Sill. This identification is confirmed by other published photographs of Irwin. $300 - $600

WESTERN AMERICANA | Outlaws & Lawmen

389 Wild Bill Hickock’s First Grave at Ingleside, Dakota Territory, Scarce Stereoview Cabinet-size stereoview of Wild Bill Hickok’s grave, published by Coules & McBride, Deadwood. This image was likely taken shortly after his August 2, 1876, murder, when he was buried in the cemetery at Ingleside, a short distance from Deadwood. The dirt on the grave is fresh, with the wooden tombstone supplied by Hickok’s friend “Colorado Charlie C.H. Utter,” reading in part “Pard We Will Meet Again in the Happy Hunting Ground to Part No More.” Hickok’s body was disinterred in 1879 and moved to Mt. Moriah, the cemetery in Deadwood where it remains today. $600 - $800

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Outlaws & Lawmen 390 CDVs of the Northfield Bank Robbers and Their Captors, Madelia’s Magnificent Seven Lot of 4, including two CDVs by Den Chamberlain, Winona, MN. One is of a composite photograph of Cole, Bob, and Jim Younger, and postmortems of Clell Miller, Charlie Pitts, and Bill Chadwell around a drawing of Joseph Lee Haywood, considered the hero of the Northfield Raid for refusing to open the vault for the James-Younger Gang and being shot and killed as a result. The other carte is of an annotated photograph of the seven captors of the Younger brothers posed on the steps of the Flanders Hotel in Madelia, MN, shortly after they made the arrests on Sept. 21, 1876. Lot accompanied by two sixth plate tintypes of unidentified men. $1,200 - $1,600

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391 Cabinet Photographs of the Dalton Gang in Death, Group of Five Lot of 5 cabinet cards of the Dalton Gang following their failed raid in Coffeyville, KS, October 5, 1892. Included are postmortems of Bob Dalton, Grat Dalton, Bill Power, and Dick Broadwell, plus a view of the seriously wounded Emmett Dalton. Bob’s is a print pasted over another photograph

by Coffeyville photographer Tackett, while the others are silver gelatin copy prints on unmarked cabinet mounts.

The Dalton boys — Bob, Grat, Emmett and Frank — grew up leading a hard-scrabble existence in Missouri, Indian Territory and Kansas, four of a family of thirteen children. Early in their adulthood Frank, Bob and Grat served briefly as Deputy Marshals in Indian Territory and Fort Smith, AR. Frank, described by many as many as an outstanding peace officer, was killed on November 27, 1887 while attempting to arrest a horse-thief. Not long afterward, Bob and Grat turned away from the law to a criminal career.

For a brief two year span between 1890-1892, Bob and Grat, along with baby brother Emmett, rustled cattle and other livestock, robbed a number of trains, and killed an unknown number of men in their escapades. Vowing to outdo Jesse James, Bob planned the robbery of two banks at once in the sleepy town of Coffeyville, KS. On October 5, 1892, wearing disguises, the Dalton brothers and accomplices Bill Powers, Dick Grattan and Dick Broadwell rode into town intent on pulling the double heist. Caught in the act by an alert citizen who warned other townspeople, the gang soon found itself caught in a withering hail of bullets. All but Emmett were killed, along with four Coffeyville residents, including Marshal Charles T. Connelly. Emmett survived despite 23 gunshot wounds and went on to a career in acting and real estate after serving 14 years for the crime. $3,000 - $5,000

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GENERAL AMERICANA | Outlaws & Lawmen 392 Rare CDV of Devil Anse Hatfield, Armed with Rifle and Revolver Silver gelatin print, inked in the recto margin “Devil” Anse Hatfield, and on verso Devil Anse Hatfield / The Hero of Desperados. A cropped version of this image was published in an article regarding the Hatfield Family entitled “The Feud Man and the Feud Woman,” in The Evening Standard, Ogden City, Utah, December 31, 1910 (see http://chroniclingamerica. loc.gov/lccn/sn85058397/1910-12-31/ed-1/seq-12/).

William Anderson Hatfield I (1839-1921), aka Devil Anse Hatfield, was chief of the Hatfield Clan during the 40+ year feud with the McCoy family, which involved a series of battles that raged in both West Virginia and Kentucky. $3,000 - $5,000

393 Ohio Penitentiary, Cabinet Photograph Featuring Mug Shots of 31 Criminals Executed by Electric Chair, 1907 Rare, composite cabinet photograph featuring 31 mug shots of prisoners who were sentenced to death by electric chair at the Ohio Penitentiary in Columbus in 1907. The top left corner shows an execution scene, and directly above the electric chair is the trapdoor previously used for death by hanging. With printed information on verso, including a key to the numbered photos listing the prisoner’s name, crime, and date of execution. Published by O.P. Annex Souvenir.

An unusual example showing 31 mug shots. $500 - $700

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows

394 Portrait of William F. “Buffalo Bill” Cody Ca early-to-mid 1880s pose, vignetted, printed directly on cardstock, 8 x 10 in., lightly affixed to 12 x 14 in. mount. $600 - $800

395 Rare Cabinet Card of Buffalo Bill Cody Rare early pose by Naegeli, New York, ca early 1880s. Cody poses in his regalia with a Winchester rifle in his lap and two ivory-grip pistols in his belt. $500 - $700

396 L.W. Stilwell Cabinet Photograph of Buffalo Bill, Sitting Bull, Johnny Baker, W.H.H. Murray, & Others Cabinet card by L.W. Stilwell, Deadwood, SD, with identification key in the negative: No. 1 - Crow Eagle, Sioux Chief; No. 2 - Buffalo Bill, W.F. Cody; No. 3 - W.H.H. Murray, Adirondack; No. 4 - Half Breed, Interpreter; No. 5 - Sitting Bull, Sioux Chief; No. 6 - Young Cow Boy. Buffalo Bill and Sitting Bull need no introduction, but the “Half Breed” is William Halsey, Sitting Bull’s interpreter who was employed by Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show with the chief, and the “Young Cow Boy” is actually Johnny Baker, Cody’s foster son who accompanied him on the show circuit and was thought to be a sharpshooting attraction in his own right. W.H.H. Murray, often called “Adirondack Murray” was a naturalist and writer who greatly influenced the conservation movement of the late 19th century, and little is known about Crow Eagle.

This photograph was taken ca 1885, but this example was probably printed in the early 1890s. $500 - $700

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397 D.F. Barry Photograph of Red Cloud, American Horse, and Buffalo Bill’s Nephew Silver gelatin print featuring D.F. Barry’s blindstamp as well as his Superior, WI, label on verso, 4.5 x 7 in. A scarce image showing the aged Oglala chiefs along with William F. Cody’s nephew, Ed Goodman, taken in May 1897 when Red Cloud and American Horse joined Buffalo Bill’s troupe at Madison Square Garden — though Goodman did not perform (Goodyear 2003: 112-122). Penciled identification on verso. $600 - $800

398 Buffalo Bill Cody and Wild West Show Performers at Ambrose Park, New York, Two Photographs Lot of 2 silver gelatin photographs, the first featuring Buffalo Bill at left, posed with a group of his performers, dressed in Zouave-style uniforms, and who appears to be Nate Salsbury, the owner and manager of the Wild West Show, at far right. 7.5 x 9.5 in., mounted, 8.75 x 11.25 in. Faint pencil inscription on mount verso identifies the photograph as being taken at Ambrose Park, Brooklyn, NY. The second photo features a small group of performers from the Wild West Show, dressed in the same Zouave-style uniforms and posed with their rifles or swords, with a stadium setting serving as the backdrop. 7.5 x 9.25 in., mounted, 8.75 x 11.75 in. With Stacy’s Brooklyn, NY, studio handstamp on mount verso, also indicating that this was most likely taken at Ambrose Park in Brooklyn. Ca 1894-1895. $600 - $800

399 Buffalo Bill Cody and the Wild West Show, Previously Unpublished Snapshots Lot of 8 previously unpublished family snapshots, each roughly 3 x 4 in.

Views include one of William F. Cody posed in front of his tent; one of Cody, his manager Maj. Burke, and two others posed at their tent; one of Cody performing a shooting demonstration on horseback; two of Cody addressing the crowd on horseback with a line of Indians behind him; and three photographs of what is presumably the Foote family.

Accompanied by the original sleeve for the Paget Prize self-toning photograph paper. From the M.C. Foote Collection. $400 - $600 240

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows

400 English Autograph Album Containing W.F. Buffalo Bill Cody’s Signature, Plus Other Notable Victorian-Era Figures, Ca 1863-1904 Octavo leather autograph album identified to W. ?.

Kearsley, a Manchester, England, citizen, containing approx. 264 autographs, cut signatures, and notes on approx. 67 pages. Ca 1863–1904, most dated ca 1870s-1880s. The album features the signatures of W.F. “Buffalo Bill” Cody and his daughter, Arta Lucile Cody, each dated 1888, when the Wild West Show was in Manchester. The album also contains signatures of a variety of prominent Victorian actors and actresses, such as Sarah Bernhardt and the western performer, Francis Frayne, who shot his wife on stage due to a mechanical failure with his weapon; visual and musical artists; government officials including members of Parliament; religious figures; and more. In addition, the album contains signatures of members of the Japanese Embassy, which would have been added in 1878 when they were in Manchester (based on an accompanying newspaper article). Notable autographs are referenced in pencil inside the album and in an early typed note that accompanies the album. 17 CDV-sized photographs (approx. 12 loose) and a few newspaper clippings are also included with the lot. $1,000 - $1,500

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401 Rare Annie Oakley Cabinet Card Silver gelatin cabinet card with the recto imprint of photographers Gilbert & Bacon, Philadelphia, showing Annie wearing shooting medals on her blouse, posed with a single shot Stevens rifle in hand, a Stevens single shot pistol on prop stones to her right, and double-barrel Parker hammer and Spencer Bannerman pump-action shotguns leaning on prop stones to her left. Cowan’s sold cabinet card from the same photo session in 2008, but we have never seen this particular pose. $1,500 - $2,500

402 Annie Oakley Wearing Sharpshooter Medals, Photograph Matte finish photograph, 3 x 4 in., of Annie Oakley from the Culver Archives, her chest adorned with medals from her many sharpshooter competitions during Buffalo Bill Cody’s Wild West Shows. It is believed that all medals were destroyed after Oakley’s death. Mounted on light brown card with various markings from Culver Pictures on verso. $500 - $700

403 Annie Oakley ANS Annie Oakley (1860-1926). ANS, 5 x 6.5 in., n.d., n.p. Pencil note on verso indicates that “Waldo C. Moore, a banker, sent Annie Oakley his check for 1¢ & she sent him hers!” Note in Oakely’s hand: Mr. Waldo C. Moore / Lewisburg, Ohio / My dear Mr Moore, I enclose check. [Illeg.

Hon?] places your one cent check in my scrap book. Very truly yours / Annie Oakly Butler.

Waldo C. Moore (1874-1953) was a collector - coins, stamps, currency, and checks. He sent hundreds of his own checks made out for 1¢ and drawn on the Lewisburg, Ohio People’s Banking Company to celebrities. Many of them sent a check in return (also made out for a penny). Annie Oakley appears to be the only one who made it a point to let Moore know that she would hang onto HIS check, as he was well-known as a collector in his own time. Moore served as president of the American Numismatic Association and trustee of the Ohio State Archeological and Historical Society.

From the Collection of Philip D. Sang $3,000 - $5,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows 404 Annie Oakley ANS on Real Photo Postcard Annie Oakley (1860-1926). Real photo postcard of wagon with “Annie Oakley / Young Buffalo / Wild West” in an oval on the side; at least 16 people holding rifles riding in five rows on top. Addressed to Mr. Chas. Schlegal, Jewler, Chillocothe, Ohio. Message written sideways: “Have you sold dog / How heavy have you photo of him is he gun shy please give full particulars Very Truly Yours Annie Oakley Cambridge Ma.” $800 - $1,200

GENERAL AMERICANA | Entertainment 405 Ansel & Dorian, Novelty Head and Hand Balancers Vaudeville Archive Lot of 70+ photographs and other items pertaining to early-20th century vaudeville performance act, Ansel & Dorian. A broadside contained in the archive touted the duo as “One of the Highest-Priced Acts in Vaudeville / Ansel and Dorian, Novelty Hand and Head Balancers / Featuring Miss Dorian as the Strongest Woman in the World - Just think of it, A Woman as Strong as a Lion / And also Presenting Mr. Ansel in his Sensational Tooth Swivel Finish Trick. Many of the photographs feature the married couple performing their balancing tricks, while others show them in costume or in studio. Also included are views of other performers such as two men in blackface, an elephant, and musicians, as well as advertisements, union cards, and more. $600 - $800

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GENERAL AMERICANA | Entertainment

406 Archive of Lois DeFee, Burlesque Star The term “burlesque” is derived from the Italian burla, a joke, mockery, parody. The meaning has expanded since its early literary forms, and the form was applied to music and theater. American burlesque theater derives from English burlesque, and it is generally traced to the arrival on American shores of Lydia Thompson and the “British Blondes.” They were an immediate sensation, with long lines for tickets even before they arrived in 1868. Eventually British and American burlesques went their own ways, with the American form incorporating elements of minstrel shows and vaudeville, and later, cancan from France. The British form evolved into musical comedy by the turn of the 20th century.

American burlesque hit its peak by 1900 and continued as a major entertainment form through the 1930s and into the war years.

The focus was increasingly on exotic dancing and comedy. As Ann Corio and Joseph DiMona note in “This Was Burlesque,” (1968: 3940): Burlesque was like a rocket that got off the ground in 1900 when Sam Scribner formed the Columbia Circuit. Along the way there were some of the brightest sparks ever seen in show business – sparks that issued forth from a group of comedians whose names read like a roll call of a Hall of Fame of humor. Among them were W.C. Fields, Will Rogers, Bert Lahr, Ed Wynn, Joe E. Brown, Leon Errol, Buster Keaton, Joe Penner, Eddie Cantor, Bobby Clark, Al Jolson, Jimmy Durante, and Abbott and Costello.

Burlesque was the breeding grounds for these great comics. It gave them a stage, an audience, and a chance to develop the acts, mannerisms, pantomime, or whatever made them famous. Al Jolson sang his first song in a burlesque house. Joe E. Brown was part of an acrobatic team; he had never said a word on stage or tried to be funny until he entered burlesque. …In his autobiography, [Joe E.] Brown wrote: ‘The public’s low opinion of burlesque today has caused more than one prominent star to soft-pedal his (or her) humble beginnings in the field.

I am much too grateful for the things I learned in burlesque to belittle its importance in my story….’

As far as the “girls” went, the transition from dance to strip was gradual and subtle. To advertise their attractions, many of the “Burlesque Queens” had a trademark – Sally Rand’s fans, Zorita’s snakes, other “girls” used doves or parrots or even exotic furs, Lois DeFee (6’ 4”) and Ricki Covette (6’ 8”) had “stature.”

Even though it was in its heyday, burlesque took a number of “hits” in this time period – two world wars, a depression, and, worst of all, Prohibition. Then many of the performers, especially actors 244

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and comedians, began moving to film and television – good for a wider audience, not as good for burlesque. By the 1950s it became strictly a strip show, and incorporated what many of the earlier stars saw as coarser elements, including what many people identify with striptease, the “bump and grind.” When asked about modern striptease, Lois once quipped: “Modern day girls are nude, lewd, and get screwed.” (Goldwyn, 244) Not so in her day. This was seldom part of early burlesque, and when it came to be expected, many of the stars, including Lois and Zorita, who (it must be admitted were also aging) retired. The earlier performances were more sensuous, more suggestive.

Many of these stars of the stage are now gone, and many forgotten for their earlier roles. Only those who made it “big” in film or television tend to be remembered, which is a shame in many ways. These were the pioneers of mass entertainment. These were the ones who made the “transition.” In many respects they also crafted the forms that entertainment took in the second part of the 20th century.

Born in a small town, either Missouri (passport) or Texas (Goldwin, 2006), depending on the source, Lois DeFee lost her parents early and was raised in Texas by an aunt (her father’s sister) and uncle. It was not a happy situation, and Lois began trying to run away at the age of four.

She finally succeeded at 13. In her early attempts she headed west; this time she went south, and ended up in Miami. One club owner was recruiting showgirls for a stint in Cuba. Lois recalls: “Brass monkey me. I walked right in and got the job.” (Goldwyn, 239) But she was tall and probably did not appear to be barely a teenager. She would advertise her height in her heyday as a burlesque queen at 6 foot 4 inches, or thereabouts. She was a bit shorter in stocking feet, but not much. The show played in Cuba for several months. The producer discovered Lois’ lack of dancing talent, so they had her stand as a nude statue in the back of the line or parade slowly across the stage – elements that apparently became part of her later performance style.

She also made lifelong friends in Cuba, including the ambassador and his wife.

When the show left Cuba, it was to open in Miami. Lois missed the train stop and continued to New York. She contacted a friend of another acquaintance from Cuba, and he gave her a job as bouncer at The Dizzy Club. The job grabbed attention, including that of Walter Winchell, who also would become a friend. It was Winchell who later dubbed Lois the “Eiffel Eyeful.” In 1933, she moved to Leon & Eddie’s club on 52nd, also as a bouncer. She later recalled that she never really “bounced” anyone, but served more as a hostess and occasionally BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

GENERAL AMERICANA | Entertainment calmed potential problems probably just by being a distraction. If she came up to talk to you, you probably forgot what you were going to fight about.

In 1939, she got a job at the New York World’s Fair in the Amazon exhibit as “Queen of the Amazons.” The title stuck, and occasionally was modified to “Queen of the Glamazons.”

It was here that Al Minsky recruited her for a featured act in one of his venues. The only catch was that she would be doing a striptease. She confessed later that she had no idea how to do one, but went to the clubs and watched over a dozen in a week.

She was smart and a quick study, and for $400 a week, she would develop her own style and performance. Her style was so sophisticated and stately that she had a large following of women as well as men. Lois was married a number of times. The citations vary from five to eight, with seven being the most common. In one of the interviews in the collection of papers in this lot, the interviewer asked how many times she had been married, and she quipped something to the effect of “often enough to make my sex life legal.” The “Lois stunt” that is cited everywhere is her marriage to midget Billy Curtis (3’ 2”). Some have speculated that it was all prearranged, because the marriage was annulled within a day or two – by the same judge that married them.

The lot consists of one of DeFee’s costumes (no headpiece), photographs (unfortunately none in the costume), letters, news clippings, music written for her performances, a jewelry box with a few items in it and many “jewels” from old costumes, and an assortment of miscellaneous items.

The costume was worn for a number called the “Ziegfield Strut.” It consists of skirt, bustier, pants, sleeves (2 separate), undergarments, all with clear square rhinestones among turquoise sequin swirls.

The lot includes 4 photographic binders, one of which contains many publicity photos, series of photos demonstrating portions of her act in a club, and views of clubs and theaters promoting “Lois DeFee.” The second binder contains 27 publicity stills of Lois in different costumes, all by Bruno, Hollywood. The third binder appears to contain mostly personal photos, capturing Lois with friends, including several men, some of whom may have been husbands. The fourth binder also contains mostly personal photos, some labeled in Lois’s hand.

Personal items include: a velvet jewelry box on brass feet that contains just a few items: 3 pairs of earrings; a “Lois” pin; a bar pin; a faux pearl necklace; cut glass necklace; hair comb; 4 large tubes containing “rhinestones/crystals” that came from, or were going to be used on costumes; a dark red velvet-covered box containing a necklace with a note in Lois’ hand, indicating that it was a gift from Arthur Treacher, celebrating the birth of her daughter; ascot (brand) green suede clutch with “L. de F.” in gilt on flap; compact with mirror, powder and puff intact; numerous personal papers, such as sponsorship rejections, passports, etc.

The collection also features several pieces of commercial sheet music, most importantly, the manuscript scores for Conductor, Piano, 1st Trumpet, 2nd Trumpet, 1st Alto, 3rd Alto, Tenor Sax, Trombone, Bass, Drums, with pieces written for DeFee. Most were written by Manny Blanc, and include Music for “G” String, Fee’s Weirdee, Haitian Strip, The Blues, Voodoo, Chino, and Houri. All are marked “Lois DeFee” in the upper right corner. In addition to popular music, Manny Blanc (b.1914) composed symphonies and ballets, string quartets, brass, as well as playing with orchestras such as Tommy Dorsey’s. He was also a successful painter.

Additional items include a number of loose newspaper clippings, articles, and interviews with Lois, such as a copy of Flirt, dated April 1952, with a two-page spread on Lois (pp 32-33): She’s the biggest attraction to hit burleycue in many years!...This teasin’ torso-tosser is wowin’ the peelin’ circuit! No wonder! That’s a lotta gal, eh boys?”; two copies of the program for the 1968 Miss USA Pageant program held that year in Miami, with Lois DeFee listed as the Sales Director; clipped ads promoting various clubs and Lois› appearances, as well as some of her publicity stunts.

Among the number of interviews printed in the newspaper clippings and articles cut from periodicals, is a notable discussion with Lois about burlesque performers changing their names. Lois stated that she would never do that, as she had built up some name recognition. She noted that some of her more conservative relatives had asked her to change it, and when she refused, THEY changed THEIR names. Their loss. This clearly was a woman of character, who was a character (in the best sense). We wish we could have known her, and she should not be forgotten. $2,000 - $3,000

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Americana Featuring The Yellowware and Bennington Collection of Susan P. and Thomas J. Hagan The Collections of John A. and Jane D. Diehl

Live Salesroom Auction June 20, 2015 10:00 am EST Bid In person, by phone, absentee or live online on bidsquare.com Catalog View catalog online at cowans.com or request a printed catalog by e-mailing ‘AMERICANA615’ to catalogs@cowans.com 246

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Timed Online-Only Auction June 11-22, 2015 ONLY on

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Office Staff President and Principal Auctioneer C. Wesley Cowan - info@cowans.com Business Operations Reid Sikes - reid@cowans.com Specialists American Indian Art Danica M. Farnand - indianart@cowans.com Susan Labry Meyn Books and Manuscripts Patricia Tench - info@cowans.com Fine and Decorative Art Graydon Sikes - art@cowans.com Kirstie Craven - kcraven@cowans.com Jennifer Howe - jenniferhowe@cowans.com Jonathan Nolting - jonathan@cowans.com Leah Vogelpohl - leah@cowans.com Pauline Archambault - pauline@cowans.com Historic Firearms and Early Militaria Jack Lewis - firearms@cowans.com Joe Moran - joe@cowans.com Joe Higgins - photographer Bill Lewis - bill@cowans.com Sam Cowan - sam@cowans.com John Gangel - littlejohn@cowans.com Emery Maury Doug Hamilton Carolyn Luken American History Katie Horstman - historic@cowans.com Matt Chapman - matt@cowans.com Fine Jewelry and Timepieces Brad Wanstrath - jewelry@cowans.com Brooke Wilson

Militaria and Civil War Allen Cebula Office Manager / Auction Coordinator Phyllis Terry - phyllis@cowans.com Linda Heineman - payment@cowans.com Dawnie Komotios - dawnie@cowans.com Donna Samuels Amy Francis - info@cowans.com Laura Meyer Production Manager Maureen Buri - maureen@cowans.com Marketing, Public Relations and Advertising Evan Sikes - evan@cowans.com Photography Linda Gillings - photo@cowans.com David Jackson Gary Phillips Catalog Design Jennifer Castle - jenny@cowans.com Installations Coordinator Nick Grote - nick@cowans.com Shipping Dan Wolfangel - shipping@cowans.com Dave Shear Michael Schroder Cleveland Office Michael DeFina - michael@cowans.com Carrie Corrigan - carrie@cowans.com Lauren Casale - lauren@cowans.com Denver Office Timothy Stenger - tstenger@cowans.com

DIRECTIONS TO COWAN'S CLEVELAND OFFICE & SALESROOM COWAN’S 26801 Miles Road Cleveland (Warrensville Heights), Ohio 44128 From 271S · Exit 27B Richmond Road · Right (south) on Richmond Road for approx. ½ mile · 2nd Left (east) on Miles Road for ½ mile · 26801 Miles Road on the left

From 271N · Exit 27A Miles Road – stay to the right · Left (east) on Miles Road for ¾ mile · 26801 Miles Road on the left

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Terms and Conditions By registering and bidding in an auction conducted by Cowan’s Auctions, Inc. (“Cowan’s”), bidders (whether present in person, by telephone, by agent, by written or telephone absentee bid instruction, or through a live internet connection) agree to be bound by these terms. These are the complete and only terms and conditions on which all property is offered for sale. Cowan’s retains the right to bar any bidder from participating in any auction and to exclude or reject any bid.

1) REGISTRATION. All bidders must register their name, permanent street address (no P.O. Boxes), and telephone number prior to the auction. Unless known to Cowan’s, all registrants are required to present two forms of identification, at least one of which must include a current photograph. Bidders may be required to present a valid Visa or MasterCard. By registering with Cowan’s or submitting an absentee bid form, an individual registrant authorizes Cowan’s to obtain a copy of his or her consumer credit report and authorizes Cowan’s, at its sole discretion, to use the information contained therein to make business decisions regarding the registrant’s participation in the bidding process.

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4) BUYER’S PREMIUM. (a) Buyer’s Premium for “Antique and Modern Firearms” auctions; the Auctioneer will collect and retain from the Buyer, as additional commission, a premium equal to 15% the Sale Price of each Lot up to and including $200,000, plus 10% of the amount by which the Sale Price exceeds $200,000. (b) Buyer’s Premium for “Fine and Decorative Art”, “Modern Ceramics”, “American Indian and Western Art”, “American History”, “Fine Jewelry and Timepieces” and any other specialized auctions; the Auctioneer will collect and retain from the Buyer, as additional commission, a premium equal to 20% the Sale Price of each Lot up to and including $200,000, plus 15% of the amount by which the Sale Price exceeds $200,000. (c) Buyer’s Premium for online, timed and other third-party bidding platforms may vary.

5) ESTIMATES AND RESERVES. Presale estimates are intended to be guides and may or may not reflect the ultimate hammer price of a lot.

Cowan’s retains the right to change estimates on any lot up to time of sale. A reserve is a confidential minimum price agreed upon by the seller of the lot and Cowan’s. In the case of reserved lots, the seller has authorized Cowan’s to bid on seller’s behalf until the reserve price is reached. In no case will the reserve be higher than the low presale estimate. Cowan’s standard house reserve on all property at auction is one-half of the low estimate.

6) WARRANTIES AND DISCLAIMERS. Cowan’s makes a limited warranty only to the original buyer of record concerning the authenticity of each lot for a period of 14 days after bidder’s receipt of the purchased lot. If a buyer is not satisfied that the lot purchased is genuine, the buyer may, at his or her own expense, obtain the opinion of two mutually agreed upon recognized experts in the field of the disputed lot. If these experts determine that the item is not genuine, the buyer’s sole and exclusive remedy shall be the rescission of the sale and refund of the amount paid for the item. It is specifically understood and agreed that the rescission of the sale and refund is exclusive and in lieu of any other remedy which might otherwise be available as a matter of law or in equity, and such remedy is conditioned upon the buyer returning the property in the same condition as at the time of sale. Cowan’s shall not be liable for any incidental or consequential damages. All sales are final, with no returns or refunds except as provided in this limited warranty.

Except as provided in the immediately proceeding paragraph, EVERY LOT IS SOLD “AS IS”, without any representations or warranties by Cowan’s or the seller as to merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, condition or value of the property, or the correctness or completeness of the catalogue or other description of the property, and no statement, whether written or oral, shall be deemed such a representation, warranty or assumption of liability. Cowan’s makes no representation or warranty that the buyer of manuscript material, photographs, prints or works of art will acquire any copyright or reproduction rights. Cowan’s does not guarantee the working order of any clock, watch, electronic or mechanical device. Dimensions given in the catalogue descriptions may be approximate.

7) DEFINITIONS OF AUTHORSHIP. “By” or “Maker/Artist” — in our opinion, the work is by the artist or maker stated “Attributed to” — in our opinion, the work is probably, but not definitely, by the artist or maker stated “Signed” or “Marked” — in our opinion, the signature or mark is that of the stated artist or maker “Bearing the signature (or mark) of” — in our opinion, the signature or mark is probably, but not definitely, that of the artist or maker stated “Circle of” — in our opinion, the work is of the period and by an artist or maker closely associated with the stated artist or maker “School of” — in our opinion, the work is by a pupil or follower of the stated artist or maker “Manner of” — in our opinion, the work is of the period and done in the style of the stated artist or maker “After” — in our opinion, the work is a copy of a work by the stated artist or maker 8) INSPECTION. Except for Online-Only Auctions, all lots are available for inspection prior to the auction. Condition reports for most items can be found online at Cowan’s website, www.cowans.com, and prospective bidders are encouraged to contact Cowan’s directly for additional information regarding the condition of any lot. Cowan’s does not warrant the condition of any item. Buyers interested in the condition of an item are encouraged to contact Cowan’s and, to the best of our ability, we will document for the prospective bidder the condition status on any lot.

Condition is always a subjective evaluation and final responsibility rests with the buyer to assess the condition of any item sold by Cowan’s.

ABSENTEE, TELEPHONE AND INTERNET BIDDING Absentee and telephone bidding is offered as a free service to our customers and prospective bidders. Cowan’s shall not be responsible for any errors or failures in executing bids, either absentee, telephone or via the internet.

9) ABSENTEE BIDDING. Absentee bids are accepted via mail, fax, email and on Cowan’s website. Such bids will be posted with the time and date of arrival, with ties being awarded to the earliest bidder. Absentee bids that are faxed or emailed to Cowan’s need to be in the office at least 2 hours before the sale begins.

An absentee bidder unknown to Cowan’s may be required to submit a bank letter of credit prior to the auction, or, using a credit card, deposit with Cowan’s a fee equaling 30% of the absentee bid.

All absentee bids are executed competitively by a member of the auction staff. The auction staff will try to purchase the lot for the lowest price possible and will bid up to the amount designated by the absentee bidder only if necessary. Cowan’s does not accept “buy bids,” or absentee bids which have no limit. In the event of a tie bid between a floor and an absentee bidder, the floor bid will be honored.

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• Cowan’s sells about 100 lots per hour, so telephone bidders should plan accordingly. Cowan’s will attempt to reach each telephone bidder, but Cowan’s is in no way responsible for missed calls.

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For Bids Falling Between Bidding Increment $0-500 $25 $501-1,000 $50 $1,001-3,000 $100 $3,001-5,000 $250 $5,001 and up $500 or at the discretion of the auctioneer Cowan’s reserves the right to modify increments at any time during the auction.

AFTER THE AUCTION 13) BUYER’S RESPONSIBILITY. Upon the fall of the hammer, title to the offered lot shall pass to the buyer and the buyer immediately (a) assumes full risk and responsibility for the lot, including liability for loss or damage and (b) is liable for payment of the Purchase Price (as defined below) to Cowan’s. It is the buyer’s responsibility to ask specific questions on condition related concerns prior to the auction. Cowan’s will not rescind sales with buyers that have disputes regarding firearm’s bore condition.

14) PURCHASE PRICE AND PAYMENT. The discounted “Purchase Price” for each lot shall equal the hammer price, buyer’s premium, sales tax and, if applicable, all packing, handling, insurance and shipping costs. Payment may be made with cash, personal or traveler’s check or credit card.

Cowan’s reserves the right to hold a purchased lot until a check has cleared.

A convenience fee of $15.00 will be assessed to all transactions made in the alternate payment channels: Phone payments are made available as a convenience outside Cowan’s Auctions customary payment channels, therefore these payments are qualified as payments made in the alternative payment channel. All forms of payment made using this method will be assessed the convenience fee. Please call Cowan’s Auctions if you have any questions regarding this policy.

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Buyers who are present at the auction must pay the full Purchase Price at the time of the sale. Buyers who bid by telephone or who are absentee bidders will be invoiced within 5 days after the close of the auction and must pay the full Purchase Price for each purchased lot within 14 days after the date of the auction. By signing the absentee bid form or placing a bid by telephone, an absentee bidder authorizes Cowan’s to charge the Purchase Price for each lot for which such bidder is the successful bidder to the credit card number provided by telephone or on the absentee bid form, unless payment in full or alternative payment instruction is received within 14 days after the date of the auction. No property will be released

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Institutional billing may be available, and should be arranged prior to the auction.

Cowan’s may impose late charges of 1.5% per month (or the highest interest rate allowed) on any amount owed to Cowan’s that remains unpaid after 30 days. Buyer shall be liable for any collection costs or attorney’s fees incurred by Cowan’s to collect payment, to the extent permitted by law.

15) SALES TAX. Buyers are required to pay any applicable state and local sales tax.

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ADVICE TO INTERNATIONAL BUYERS. Cowan’s will not ship any package containing a firearm to any location other than within the United States.

Buyers outside the United States must make their own shipping arrangements taking full risk for the transportation of any firearm.

Property made of or containing certain plant or animal materials, such as coral, crocodile, ivory, whalebone, baleen, tortoiseshell, etc., may require a license or certificate before exportation from the United States and importation to another country. If you are purchasing items that contain these materials, you need to check the government wildlife import requirements in the countries from which and to which the item is being shipped prior to bidding. Since the export and import licenses are independently issued by the countries of origin and destination, obtaining one does not guarantee that you can obtain the other. Purchasers are responsible for making timely payments on items won at auction, even if a license is delayed or denied.

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19) CANCELLATION OF SALE. If purchased property remains in the custody of Cowan’s for a period of 60 days following the auction, Cowan’s may, at its option, cancel the sale, retaining as liquidated damages any payments made by the buyer, or resell the property at auction or by any other commercially reasonable means, for the account and at the risk of the buyer, and in such event, buyer shall be liable for the payment of all deficiencies plus all of Cowan’s costs, including but not limited to storage and costs of both sales. This right of cancellation is in addition to any and all other remedies available to Cowan’s.

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I request that ifisCowan’s is unable to for reach me for telephone forCowan’s a lot, that Cowan’s enter a telephone line for telephone bidding bidding for the lots I request that if Cowan’s unable to reach me telephone bidding forbidding a lot, that enter bids on suchbids lot on such lot up to the maximum price indicated in the “Insurance Bid” column.

I understand that Cowan’s will execute the absentee bids competitively on my behalf.

I furup to the maximum price indicated in the “Insurance Bid” column. I understand that Cowan’s will execute the absentee bids competitively on my behalf. I further understand that ther understand Cowan’s executes absentee bids bids and allows telephone for bids as a convenience customers that Cowan’s is not to execute Cowan’s executesthat absentee bids and allows telephone as a convenience customers and that for Cowan’s is not and responsible for failure toresponsible execute bidsfororfailure for errors relating to bids or for errors relating the execution of my I agree be bound for

by Bidders the Terms and Conditions for Bidders printed in on theCowan’s auctionweb catalog listed on Cowan’s the execution of my bids. to I agree to be bound by bids. the Terms andtoConditions printed in the auction catalog and listed site and www.cowanauctions.com web site www.cowanauctions.com and I understand that I am responsible for determining the condition and authenticity of any lot, and that all items are sold AS IS with and I understand that I am responsible for determining the condition and authenticity of any lot, and that all items are sold AS IS with no returns or refunds. By submitting this no returns or refunds. By submitting this Absentee Bid Form, I authorize Cowan’s to obtain a copy of my individual consumer credit report and authorize Cowan’s, at its sole Absentee Bid Form, Cowan’s to obtain a copy of mybusiness individual consumer credit report and authorize at itsprocess. sole discretion, to use the information contained discretion, to use theI authorize information contained therein to make decisions regarding my participation in Cowan’s, the bidding therein to make business decisions regarding my participation in the bidding process.

Lot No.

Description

Absentee Bid

I Wish to Bid by Phone

Insurance Bid (phone bidders only)

IfIf my is successful, successful, II understand understandthat thatthe thepurchase purchaseprice pricefor foreach eachlot lotwill willbebethe thesum sumofofthe thehammer hammer price, the buyer’s premium, sales all packing, handling, insurmy bid bid is price, the buyer’s premium, sales taxtax andand all packing, handling, insurance ance and shipping (the “purchase I understand that will be invoiced 5 days the auction I will be responsible forCowan’s paying the Cowan’s the full and shipping costs costs (the “purchase price”).price”).

I understand that I will beI invoiced within 5within days after theafter auction and thatand I willthat be responsible for paying full purchase purchase price immediately upon receipt of the invoice. Cowan’s may impose late charges of 1.5% per month (or the highest interest rate allowed) on any amount owed price immediately upon receipt the30 invoice. may impose late bid charges 1.5% per month (ortothe highest rate listed allowed) on any amount owed to price Cowan’s that to Cowan’s that remains unpaidof after days. Cowan’s By signing this absentee formofI authorize Cowan’s charge theinterest credit card below for the full purchase of each remains unpaid days. By signing absentee bidorform I authorize Cowan’s to charge are the received credit card below for the lot for which my bid is lot for which myafter bid is30successful, unlessthis payment in full alternative payment instructions bylisted Cowan’s within 14 full dayspurchase after theprice dateof ofeach the auction. successful, unless payment in full or alternative payment instructions are received by Cowan’s within 14 days after the date of the auction.

Visa/Mastercard Number_______________________________________ Exp. Date_________________ Security Code (3 or 4 digit number on credit card)________ Print Name (as it appears on credit card)_________________________________________Signature (must be signed)______________________________________

How did you find out about the auction?

(Please check as many as appropriate)

or flier q Received postcard printed flier q Received printed catalogue q Received email blast

q Saw an advertisement Which publication: __________________________________________________________ q Referred by a friend q Other: ____________________________________________________________________

q Saw it on our website 250

COWAN’S AMERICAN HISTORY

BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

Cowan’s 6270 Este Avenue Cincinnati, Ohio 45232 513.871.1670 fax 513.871.8670 info@cowans.com cowans.com