American History

American History

November 18, 2016

American History

Cowan’s 6270 Este Avenue Cincinnati, OH 45232 513.871.1670 Fax 513.871.8670

cowans.com

Auction November 18, 2016 10 a.m.

Exhibition November 17, 2016 Noon - 5 p.m.

November 18, 2016 8 a.m. - 10 a.m.

Bid In person, by phone, absentee or live online at bidsquare.com

Phone and Absentee Bidding 513.871.1670 or cowans.com Buyer’s Premium 20%

Specialists For This Auction

Wes Cowan

Katie Horstman historic@cowans.com

Matt Chapman matt@cowans.com

Katie Wright katherine@cowans.com

Contributors: Thomas G. Landrigan Emily Jansen Payne Larry Strayer Pat Tench

Cover: Lot 479 Back Cover: Lot 139 Inside Front Cover: Lot 244 Inside Back Cover: Lot 192 Opposite Page: Lot 118 2

COWAN’S AMERICAN HISTORY

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American History

Lots 1 - 479

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NOVEMBER 18, 2016 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

1 Eleazar Huntington, Declaration of Independence Single sheet, 18.5 x 24 in., at bottom “Engraved by E. Huntington.”

At present framed and glazed, 27.25 x 33 in.

After the “Second American Revolution,” the War of 1812, there was a resurgence of patriotism in the nation. The founding generation was passing quickly, and the war stimulated a renewed interest in American history and principles. A number of engravers jumped into the fray, competing to publish a copy of the Declaration of Independence before the others and thus grab a larger share of the market.

One of the early publishers was Benjamin Owen Tyler whose print was the first with facsimiles of the signatures at the bottom, published in 1818. John Binns also reproduced the signatures, but added the seals of the 13 first states and the first three presidents in a wreath around the document, attractive to those wanting to display the print, published 1819.

It is thought that Eleazar Huntington, a calligrapher and engraver in Hartford, CT, began his engraving just after this, about 1820 or so.

Huntington followed the style of Tyler in the title, but did not have as much ornamentation of the letters. The text was also similar to Tyler’s,

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COWAN’S AMERICAN HISTORY

done in a fairly typical early 19th century style. The signatures were more like those reproduced by Binns.

The exact date of the publication of Huntington’s version of this document is uncertain, but likely about 1822. Although the exact number printed is unknown, it is thought only a few hundred, and as of 2016, only two are known to be in institutional collections according to WorldCat (University of Virginia and Colonial Williamsburg Foundation). It appears to be even more rare than the Stone/Force copies.

Very shortly after Huntington published his version, William J. Stone was working on a very similar document to Huntington’s. Stone’s version was endorsed by J.Q. Adams, July 4, 1823 and released in January 1824.

The consignor relates that the document was among the estate items left by Indiana’s George B. Huff, Sr. (1919-2005), a highly decorated World War II Army Ranger, a state of Indiana elected assemblyman, and a genealogist of note, having held membership in the Society of Colonial Wars, the Sons of the Revolution, and the Sons of the American Revolution. $4,000 - $6,000 BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

FOUNDING FATHERS | Autographs & Manuscripts

2 John Hancock Signed Commission Appointing Clement Biddle an Officer in the Continental Army, July 8, 1776 Hancock, John (1737-1793). President of the Continental Congress (1775-1777); first signer of the Declaration of Independence (1776); first and third Governor of Massachusetts (1780-1785, 1787-1793).

Partially printed DS, 1p, 8.5 x 13.5 in., Philadelphia. July 8, 1776.

A military commission signed by Hancock as President of the Continental Congress, appointing Clement Biddle as Deputy Quarter Master Generall [sic] for the Flying Camp and Militia of Pennsylvania & New Jersey order’d to Rendezvous at Trenton, with the Rank of Colonel.

Also signed by Charles Thomson (1729-1824) as Secretary of the Congress (1774-1789).

Philadelphia Quaker merchant, Clement Biddle (1740-1814) was one of the organizers of the “Quaker Blues” during the Revolution. The “Flying Camp” referenced in the appointment was a mobile reserve

force authorized in June 1776 for the protection of the middle colonies. When the unit disbanded in November 1776, Biddle was named aide-de-camp to General Nathanael Greene. As a soldier, he fought at Princeton, Brandywine, Germantown and Monmouth.

Biddle served as Commissary General of Forage for the Continental Army at Valley Forge (1777-1778), and apparently through the next year before resigning in 1780. In 1781 he was quartermaster general of Pennsylvania troops. After the war he served as the first US Marshal, then focused on other occupations (notary, broker, etc.).

The printed form, which refers to the Delegates of the United Colonies, pre-dates the vote for independence, and it was signed by Hancock just four days after Congress had approved the Declaration of Independence.

A rare and desirable document. $8,000 - $12,000

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NOVEMBER 18, 2016 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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FOUNDING FATHERS | Autographs & Manuscripts 3 Clement Biddle ALS, 1778 Biddle, Clement (1740-1814). Philadelphia merchant, liberal Quaker, and early supporter of the Revolution who joined the Continental Army in 1776. ALS, 1p, 7.25 x 9.5 in., Raritan, NJ. December 14, 1778.

Addressed to Quartermaster General Nathanael Greene. From 1777 to 1780, Biddle was Commissary General of Forage for the army, and during this time, he developed a friendship with Quartermaster General Greene. At the time that Biddle penned this letter, Washington’s army was encamped in northern New Jersey. He writes: If Blands & Baylors Regiments are both at Winchester, Count Pulaskys Legion may be quartered & Foraged at Frederickstown in Maryland.

He informs Greene, If Baylors are at Frederickstown & Colo. Moylans are removed to Baltimore, County Pulaskys Legion may be quarterd in different parts of Lancaster County provided that Colo. Armands Corps are separated & quarterd at Reading. I wish to be informed of the Orders given, that I may direct a provision of Forage without Delay. Signed, Clement BIddle CGF. George Baylor, Theodorick Bland, Stephen Moylan and Charles Armand were all colonels and their units were part of the cavalry, like Count Pulaski’s unit. $600 - $800

4 Francis Lightfoot Lee, Revolutionary War-Dated ALS, 1783 Lee, Francis Lightfoot (1734-1797). Political leader during the American Revolution, signer of the Declaration of Independence. While a member of the House of Burgesses, Lee urged resistance to Great Britain in the disturbances leading to the Revolution. He later served in the Continental Congress, the Virginia senate, and supported the US Constitution. Very rare war-date ALS, 1p, 7.25 x 9 in., Philadelphia. June 2, 1783. Addressed to Hon’ble Samuel Holter. The letter states, in full: Sir. The inclosed letter came to hand yesterday under cover direct’d to me.

I did not observe the direction to you until I had partly unsealed it, which may account for the state the seal is in now, and you may be assured, that it gives me pleasure to have the honor of inclosing & forwarding the same. I have the honor to be, Sir, your most obedient serv’t, Hon’ble Francis Lightfoot Lee Esq’r.

Lee is rare in any form.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $2,000 - $3,000

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COWAN’S AMERICAN HISTORY

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FOUNDING FATHERS | Autographs & Manuscripts 5 Samuel Adams ALS, 1777 Adams, Samuel (1722-1803). American Founding Father who helped organize the Boston Tea Party and signed the Declaration of Independence. ALS, 1p, 7.5 x 9.5 in., Boston. December 15, 1777. To Elbridge Gerry, another signer and representative from Massachusetts.

This very circumspect note to Mr. Gerry: I have time only to inclose a copy of a Resolution of the General Assembly for the government of their Delegates in congress, which I judge necessary to be communicated to Congress before the ____? ration of the present year. I have therefore sent this single copy by this Post. Other copies will be sent by the next.

Besides being political compatriots, Elbridge Gerry (1744-1814) was appointed to a committee charged with procurement of domestic products for the army in September of 1776, the counterpart of Robert Morris, who procured items primarily from foreign markets.

Not only food was involved, but also clothing, arms and ammunition, and anything else the Continental Army might need (such as feed for animals). In late December Gerry was appointed to a committee along with Jonathan Bayard Smith and John Witherspoon to consider the wants of the army and how Congress and the Commander of the army might address them.

Gerry and Adams both were accused of being part of the cabal (“Conway cabal�) that tried to remove Washington from the head of the army because of dissatisfaction with his performance during the campaigns of 1777. Both men denied the accusation, Gerry even taking to task Thomas Mifflin, one who openly criticized Washington.

It is unclear what the referents are here. The General Assembly of Massachusetts passed a number of Resolutions in late 1777. One related to equipping the army, which could have been the one Adams enclosed with this cover, since Gerry was serving on committees whose task was to supply the troops. $3,000 - $6,000

6 Patrick Henry Land Grant Signed as Governor of Virginia, 1785 Henry, Patrick (1736-1799). Governor of Virginia (1776-1779, 17841786). Partially printed DS, 1p, 12.75 x 16 in. (sight), with seal affixed lower left, Richmond, VA. December 2, 1785. Signed P. Henry, the document grants land to Peter Colehep (?) and Frederick Bransteter (?). Matted and framed, 26 x 28 in. $700 - $1,000

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NOVEMBER 18, 2016 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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FOUNDING FATHERS | Autographs & Manuscripts 7 Alexander Hamilton ALS, September 1794 Hamilton, Alexander (1755-1804). United States Founding Father; first Secretary of the Treasury (1789-1795). Short note on 7 x 7.5 in. sheet of paper. September 9, 1794, n.p. Mr. Hamilton requests Mr. Hodgdon to furnish him immediately with a return of whatever accoutrements of arms for Cavalry may be in the public stores. Specifying also such as have been lately sent forward.

The request is associated with the “Whiskey Rebellion,” which tested the powers of the new government to raise funds through taxation and enforce federal laws.

Born in the West Indies, Alexander Hamilton, as John Adams would later describe him, was “the bastard brat of a Scottish peddler.” James Hamilton would abandon Rachel and their sons, James and Alexander, when Alex was still young, leaving them totally impoverished. Alexander took his first job at the age of 11, determined to work his way out of poverty. Rachel apparently worked herself to death, succumbing to illness at the young age of 38.

In a subsequent position as a clerk, Hamilton began to learn about international trade and finances. The young lad’s intelligence did not go unnoticed, and a group of businessmen in St. Croix pooled resources to send Alex to the colonies for an education. He arrived in New York in 1773 and began attending King’s College (later Columbia University). War was coming, and the young man became increasingly involved in politics, eventually leaving school to join the patriots in protesting taxes and regulations imposed by England.

He fought with New York militia units early.

In about 1777 he caught Washington’s attention, and was quickly promoted, becoming the General’s assistant, but for a time, that meant handling the paperwork that goes along with the top position. Hamilton was in and out of the field, becoming bored with paperwork and returning to his commander-in-chief’s side. Hamilton was even allowed by Washington to lead a charge at Yorktown.

After the war, Hamilton served, among other positions, as Secretary of the Treasury (1789-1795). One of his missions was to strengthen the Federal government and pay off the debt incurred during the War. To effect this he instituted several taxes, including one on distilled spirits. Since the favorite spirit of the colonies at the time was Whiskey, this came to be viewed as a Whiskey Tax. It hit the distillers on the western frontier particularly hard. They had a lower profit margin than the larger Eastern distilleries already, and the tax cut into their already small margins. Many of these distillers were also veterans of a war fought against unrepresented taxation, who then felt that they were being targeted by their own government.

The causes of what came to be known as the “Whiskey Rebellion” are complex, and will continue to be debated for many more generations.

Trouble was brewing as early as 1791, mostly in the western counties of Pennsylvania and nearby areas (western Virginia, Kentucky, etc.)

Initially Washington tried to quell the unrest by sending “peace commissioners” in 1791 and 1792, then again in 1794. By late 1793 the home of a tax collector was broken into in Fayette County. Further violence erupted over the next year in nearby areas.

By summer of 1794, there was widespread armed resistance. Hamilton was among those who pressured Washington to counter force with the force of the government. What was at stake in part was whether the new nation was willing and able to suppress resistance to its

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laws. As there was no standing army yet, Washington called for militia forces to be Federalized. Congress had passed a Militia Act of 1792, but to send troops to an area, a Supreme Court Justice had to certify that local law enforcement could not control the situation. When very few men volunteered for militia duty, a draft was used, although draft evasion was widespread. His “army” was composed of units primarily from Virginia, Maryland, New Jersey and Pennsylvania. Many other states refused to send units, siding with the whiskey protesters in protesting “taxation without representation.”

Of course, as Washington made arrangements to ride out to meet the insurgents, Hamilton was determined to ride along with him. Early in the process, he argued that he had been the one to author the law instituting the tax, and he should go out and show the rebels that he was willing to die to defend it. Washington conceded, but not necessarily because of Hamilton’s argument. Hamilton now needed to be outfitted for the field, so he sent this note to Superintendent of Military Stores, Samuel Hodgdon.

Washington and Hamilton did ride to the frontier to meet the rebels, but by the time they arrived, the rebels had dispersed, although some of the leaders were later rounded up. (Washington pardoned most of them, even those who were sentenced to death for violent actions such as beating a tax collector and burning his house.) This incident was the only time a sitting president led troops in the field.

After meeting with representatives of the protesting groups in early October, Washington was convinced things were under control. He left the army under the command of Henry “Lighthorse Harry” Lee (Robert E. Lee’s father). Alexander Hamilton remained for a time as a civilian observer/adviser, while Washington returned to Philadelphia. $2,000 - $3,000

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FOUNDING FATHERS | Autographs & Manuscripts 8 John Jay DS, 1796 Jay, John (1745-1829). Founding father, an author of the Federalist Papers, and first Chief Justice of the United States. DS as Governor of New York, 1 p, 12 x 10 in., on vellum, Albany, NY. February 15, 1796.

Document appointing Abraham Van Vechten (1732-1847) Recorder for the city of Albany. Includes large seal, paper over wax, attached at the bottom margin on ribbon, 3.375 in. diameter. One side with FRUSTRA (“In vain”) and 1777. Verso with sun rising (setting?) behind mountains. With The Great Seal of the State of New York around outer ring and Year of Our Lord 1777 to the inside.

Van Vechten went on to serve as New York’s attorney general twice from 1810-1811 and 1813-1815. In his legal career, he frequently sparred with other famous litigators such as Alexander Hamilton, Aaron Burr, and Samuel Jones. $800 - $1,200

9 Signers of the Declaration of Independence and US Constitution, Autograph Group Incl. Mchenry, Read, Gorham, & More Lot of 8, including: Read, George (1733-1798), Represented Delaware and went on to the Constitutional Convention of 1787. Also served as US Senator and Chief Justice of Delaware. Clip, 0.75 x 3 in.

McHenry, James (1753-1816), representing Maryland in Continental Congress, signed the Constitution. He later served as Secretary of War under both Washington and Adams, and thus Fort McHenry (where the Star Spangled Banner was written later) was named for him. ALS, 2pp, September 10, 1781, Camp ???. McHenry was a surgeon who served during the Revolutionary War. in 1781 he was with Lafayette’s forces in Virginia. This letter would have been written just days before Washington joined Lafayette for the Siege of Yorktown, and ultimately the end of the war. This letter to the Governor of Maryland concerns the state’s paper currency.

Gorham, Nathaniel (1738-1796), represented Massachusetts in the Continental Congress and Constitutional Convention. He signed the Constitution in 1787. He was president of Continental Congress for 6 months (June - November 1786). ALS, Boston, March 16, 1795, 7 x 9 in., to Joseph Howell, Esq. on legal/financial matters.

Johnson, William Samuel (1727-1819), representative and signer for Connecticut. Later President of King’s College. Clipped signature on 1 x 6 in. sheet, with August 29, 1766, Stratford left on the clip.

Spaight, Richard Dobbs (1758-1802), representative to Continental Congress and Constitutional Convention from North Carolina.

Although born in North Carolina, Spaight was sent to Ireland when he was orphaned at 8 years of age. He received an excellent education, and returned to his native state in 1778, with the Revolutionary War in full swing. He served in the state militia for a couple years, then left the military to devote full time to legislative duties. Partially Printed DS, 11.5 x 16.5 in., October 14, 1794. Signed as Governor. Doc. with 3 in. wax pendant seal.

Ingersoll, Jared (1749-1822) was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress and signer of the Constitution. He later served as Attorney General of Pennsylvania. Partially printed DS as Attorney General of Pennsylvania, 8 x 13.5 in. Inquest into the beating of one Hector McNeal by Christopher White, Bedford Co., 10 Oct. 1791.

McKean, Joseph Borden (1764-1826), was a Philadelphia lawyer and judge. He was appointed state Attorney General by his father, Thomas McKean, who was a signer of the Declaration of Independence and prominent patriot. ALS, Philadelphia, November 10, 1802.

Document referencing Timothy Pickering (1745-1829), representative from Massachusetts. Pickering served in a number of positions, including the House of Representatives and Senate, Postmaster General, Secretary of war for a short time before McHenry took over

and Pickering became Secretary of State. Pickering was involved in one of the earliest incidents of the Revolution, when he and a group of Salem residents, most members of the North Church, who turned back a force of British soldiers trying to cross a bridge into Salem (right next to the church) under Lieutenant Colonel Alexander Leslie, known as “Leslie’s Retreat.” It is fortunate Colonel Leslie decided not to search every house for contraband arms as instructed, because Pickering would likely have fired the “shot heard round the world” at that time - he had a reputation in the town as being a headstrong hothead.

This land document has a paragraph at the end in which Pickering as Justice of the Peace attests that Thomas and Mary Barnard appeared before him and acknowledged the deed. Signed June 28, 1776. $1,000 - $1,500

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NOVEMBER 18, 2016 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts

10 Friedrich von Steuben ALS, 1790 Steuben, Friedrich Wilhelm August Heinrich, Ferdinand von (17301794). Prussian-born baron and American major general during the American Revolution; served as inspector general of the Continental Army and chief of staff to General George Washington. ALS, 7pp, 7 x 9 in., New York, January [1790]. In French to Congress, with English translation. Signed simply Steuben.

In the letter, Steuben reminds Congress that his original appointment/ contract (from the translation): ... my requests were to join you Army as Volunteer, not to request any Employment until after the approval of the General in Chief and the opinion of the Army assigning me a place in which I could be useful - That I did not ask for rewards until after I had merited them, but that I expected that the expenses for my person and my suite would be defrayed...

He then mentions several members of Congress with whom he met, including future president James Madison, and signers Abraham Clark and Charles Carroll, ...in whom I had full confidence, these men, I say, advised me simply to rely on my services rendered and on the justice and generosity of the Congress.... If my memory serves me right, I would assure that you, Sir, and Mr. Madison were then of that opinion, and it is by these opinions that I let myself be governed. I would have been quite willing to uphold this language if the circumstanced had not forced me to resort to the conditions or to the contract through which I have entered the service of the United States.... All I am asking you is to speed up the decision....

Nevertheless, I have this consolation left: the truth of the facts which I have set fort cannot be denied without drawing into doubt the veracity of the most worthy and most respectable persons in the United states, Of whom some have occupied and some at present occupy the most distinguished places in the Government of their country....

Friedrich von Steuben was released from the Prussian army for unknown reasons in 1763. He became “Baron” upon his becoming chamberlain in the Petty Court at Hohenzollern-Hechingen. Since he was the son of an army engineer, he was not born into wealth, so when his equally impoverished prince failed to find funding, Steuben decided to find an appointment in another army. He applied to 10

COWAN’S AMERICAN HISTORY

Austria, Baden and France, to no avail. However, France saw his value in training the infant Continental Army in America, and put him in touch with Benjamin Franklin in Paris. The letter of introduction from Franklin exaggerated a bit, calling him a “Lieutenant General in the King of Prussia’s service.”

He was advanced travel funds, and in late September 1777 found himself in Portsmouth, NH. By December he had worked his way into Boston high society. He then went to York, PA where the Continental Congress had retreated from Philadelphia. Steuben made contacts and in February 1778 Congress had accepted his offer to volunteer, temporarily without pay. By the 23rd he found himself at Valley Forge confronting an army in dire conditions.

Steuben did not speak English, but could communicate with some of the officers in French. Two who were of great help to him were Alexander Hamilton and Nathanael Greene. They put together a training manual and began training a “model company,” whose members would go back to their respective units and train them in turn. Frustrated with the lack of discipline, Steuben took to yelling and swearing at them in German and French. When the troops seemed immune to that, he had his French-speaking aid swear at them in English for him. However it happened, it worked.

By the 1778 campaigns, the Continental Army was coming together as a fighting force, and would go on to prevail over their bettertrained English and Hessian enemies. Baron von Steuben has been given much credit for creating a fighting force. Steuben remained in the army throughout the war, taking a leave for illness just before the end, rejoining the army in time for the Battle of Yorktown. He then helped decommission the forces and became an American citizen in 1783. He was given a large farm (ca 16,000 acres) by New York and a pension by Congress of $2,500, but was still in financial straits, having only a small income from lands in Europe for the duration of the war.

Alexander Hamilton helped mortgage the land. Many of his debts were settled by friends. He never married and upon his death his property was left to his aides. $4,000 - $6,000 BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts

11 Friedrich von Steuben Signed Check, 1791 Steuben, Friedrich Wilhelm August Heinrich, Ferdinand von (17301794). Prussian-born baron and American major general during the American Revolution; served as inspector general of the Continental Army and chief of staff to General George Washington. Partially printed DS, 1p, 6.75 x 2.5 in., laid paper affixed to thin card stock, New York. February 21, 1791. Bank check payable to Tou? Lopez for twenty dollars, signed Steuben. Accompanied by engraving of Baron von Steuben with facsimile signature, 6 x 8.5 in. $500 - $700

12 Marquis de Lafayette, War-Dated ADS, January 1778 Lafayette, Gilbert de Motier, Marquis de (1757-1834). Revolutionary War general, French statesman and officer. ANS, 1p, 5.25 x 1.5 in. (sight), on laid paper, in English. January 29, 1778. An important, wardated document in which Lafayette states that he has received 2000 pounds from Ro. Morris. Matted and framed together with portrait of LaFayette, 13.5 x 16.5 in.

The Collected Letters of Lafayette contains a letter from Lafayette to Robert Morris dated January 29, 1778, in which he requests 2000 pounds for a Canadian Expedition that Lafayette had discussed with George Washington on January 22 at Valley Forge. This document confirms that Lafayette received funds from Morris, who gave a great deal of his own money in support of the American cause. $1,500 - $2,500

13 Marquis de Lafayette ALS, 1828 Lafayette, Gilbert de Motier, Marquis de (1757-1834). Revolutionary War general, French statesman and officer. ALS, 1p, 7.25 x 8.75 in., La Grange. September(?) 3, 1828. Signed Lafayette. Addressed to the Minister of War. Involves a petition sent by Mr. Michel Bompard.

Lafayette assures the minister he will give it his highest consideration. $500 - $700

15 A Revolutionary Relic Broadside, A Sermon Preached on the Eve of the Battle of Brandywine, September 1777, by Reverend Joab Trout Printed broadside, 11.5 x 15.5 in., headed, A Revolutionary Relic/ A Sermon Preached on the Eve of the Battle of Brandywine, Sept. 10, 1777, by the Rev. Joab Trout. Printed from old copy in possession of Henry Stevens (1819-1886), Burlington, VT. The broadside contains the sermon preached by Reverend Trout, which encouraged soldiers to fight bravely for their homes, families, and for the Revolution. Likely printed ca 1851-1865.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $500 - $700

14 No Lot

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NOVEMBER 18, 2016 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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THE BARBARY WARS 16 David Humphreys LS Regarding Barbary Affairs, July 1800, Plus Humphreys, David (1752-1818). Revolutionary War colonel and aide-de-camp to Washington. American minister to Portugal and then to Spain. Lot of 2 ALsS. Earliest is 1p, Lisbon, April 12, 1793. Signed D. Humphreys, addressed to Thos. Pinckney. This letter is a cover for another that he is delivering to Pinckney by way of Madrid and London.

Second is 2pp, Madrid, July 11, 1800, with integral address leaf. To William Eaton, US Consul at Tunis.

Humphreys informs Eaton of preparations in anticipation of attacks from pirates.

Pirates from the Barbary Coast, primarily Tunis, Algiers and Tripoli, had been attacking European shipping for many years. Their main sphere of operation was the Western Mediterranean, but they ranged down the Atlantic coast of Africa, even to South America, and north to Ireland and Iceland. One of their main objectives was the capture of Christians for sale in the North African slave markets as much as for their cargo (if they couldn’t get the ransom paid).

After Napoleon’s defeat, the US fully expected pirate activity to increase. To this end: Instead of a common ship intended for Algiers this Spring with merchandize for reestablishing our funds there, one of our frigates is getting ready to take in timber and naval and military stores, as well as merchandize.... She will of course leave on shore some of her guns & men: but she will remain well armed & manned....Other timber, plank, naval and military stores are preparing for Tunis... We have received news from the U.S. up to the 20th May by which we learn that Mr. Pickering was dismissed from the office of Secy. of State the 9th of May, about which time our Secy. of War McHenry resigned his office; the former has been

superseded by General Marshall, late one of our Envoys to France, and the latter by Samuel Dexter Esqr. of Massachusetts. Congress adjourned the 12th of May to meet at the new city of Washington the 3d of Novembr. next. The Provisionary Army of the U.S. has been disbanded.

And the fear was well-founded. When Thomas Jefferson took office in 1801, the pirates demanded a ransom of $225,000 from the new administration. When the President refused, the Pasha of Tripoli declared war. The first Barbary War was fought between 1801 and 1805, then again in 1815 until 1816 when a settlement was reached by the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. $800 - $1,200

THE WAR OF 1812 17 War of 1812-Period Letter from Cadiz, Spain to Henry Ward of Wall Street, NY, Referencing Embargoes Hall, Charles H. ALS, 3pp, 7.75 x 10 in., Cadiz, Spain. July 11, 1812.

Addressed to Henry Ward, Wall Street, New York. Mentions Orders in Council, which was an early reference to the embargoes that existed throughout this period. He mentions Britain’s right of enforcing the decree whenever she may deem it expedient. He mentions Jefferson and Co. as well as Lord Wellington, who had driven the French before him past Madrid, and that King Joe had been obliged to decamp...We are much annoyed by the bombs of the French, as they come daily into almost all parts of the city.

Excellent War of 1812 embargo letter. $400 - $600

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THE WAR OF 1812 18 USS Lawrence Relic Cane Oak cane, 34.5 in. ln., 2 in. ferrule. Approx. 4 in. below the handle, a silver plaque is inscribed with the following: Made of oak taken from/ Com. O.H. Perry’s flagship “Lawrence”/ Raised from Lake Erie 1876. D. Coggin. The USS Lawrence was Perry’s flagship, involved in the victory at the Battle of Lake Erie. $800 - $1,000

Details

19 Battle of Lake Erie, Commodore Perry’s Flagship Niagara, Oak Relic Gavel Oak relic in the form of a gavel, with a metal band tacked along each edge of the barrel-shaped head, the first inscribed, Flagship Niagara 1813 - 1913, the second inscribed, Jacob Loesch - John Renton - Harry T. Rowley - Harry H. Heeren. Height, 6.5 in.; head width 1.75 in., depth 2.75 in. No further information has been found regarding the gentlemen identified on the gavel.

On September 10, 1813, nine small ships from the American Navy commanded by Oliver Hazard Perry defeated a British squadron of six vessels in the Battle of Lake Erie. This pivotal event in the War of 1812 secured the Northwest Territory, opened supply lines and lifted the nation’s morale. The Niagara was Perry’s flagship. After the war, the Niagara served as a station ship in Erie until 1820, then was scuttled there in Misery Bay. To celebrate the centennial of the battle in 1913, Erie citizens raised the hulk and rebuilt her, using many of the old timbers. The Niagara, towed by the USS Wolverine, visited Great Lakes ports and participated in ceremonies at Put-in-Bay on September 10, 1913. This gavel was almost certainly made as a relic of the battle at this time.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $400 - $600

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NOVEMBER 18, 2016 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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THE MEXICAN WAR 20 Quarter Plate Daguerreotype of Colonel Andrew McClain, Plus Pennsylvania Militia Commissions Lot of 3, featuring quarter plate daguerreotype of a bearded officer, sword in hand, his shako with feather plume resting on the table beside him, with inked note identifying the subject as Col. Andrew McLean (variation of proper spelling “McClain”), housed in full case.

Previous owner’s notes indicate that plate is stamped L.B. Binsse & Co., NY, which made plates ca 1843-1845.

Accompanied by 2 commissions issued by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania to McClain, the first document, 13.25 x 16.5 in., commissioning him Second Lieutenant of the “Native American Rifle Company” attached to the “Second” Regiment of the Militia...in the Third Brigade of the First Division, signed by Governor Francis R. Shunk, January 18, 1845. The second document, 14 x 17 in., commissioning him “Major” of the First Battalion Phild. Co. Volunteers of the Uniformed Militia...in the Third Brigade of the First Division, signed by Governor William F. Johnston, June 4, 1849. With original seal in top left portion.

At 10 am, Sunday morning, July 7, 1839, panicked Philadelphians heard the boom of cannon fire outside St. Phillip Nerri’s church instead of the serene ringing of church bells. For two long days, the city transformed into a war zone after a group of American nativists (associated with the Whig party) began to riot. The angry mob prepared to storm the church to free Charles Naylor, a political prisoner being held by the state militia.

“The excitement was awful, men running about hunting their relations, women in search of their children, I myself threw my children hastily into the entry…dead bodies were falling around me, and the excitement lasted till 9 o’clock at night,” said John Graves (Philadelphia Public Ledger, “The Trial of Andrew McClain,” November 16, 1844, 1).

Native-born Americans and Irish-American Protestants felt threatened by the influx of Irish-Catholic immigrants. Overcome by rage from a perceived threat to reading the King James Bible in the public schools, many became violent and burned two Catholic churches that May (http://philadelphiaencyclopedia.org/archive/nativist-riotsof-1844/). Preparing for the worst, St. Phillip Nerri’s armed itself against an anticipated attack after a 4th of July parade. The siege did not occur on Independence Day. The next day; however, a hoard of men assembled outside the church when they heard it equipped itself.

Militia men and local police organized to protect the city.

In the crowd was American nativist leader, Andrew McClain. “I saw McClain when the battering ram was used to break into the church,” said Francis S. Johnson (Philadelphia Public Ledger, “Southwark Riot Cases, Court of Oyer and Terminer Before Judges Kind and Parsons.

Trial of Andre McClain,” November 11, 1844). McClain was born in Lancaster, PA in 1803. He was a prize fighter for some time, slugging it out with Jim Reed 54 rounds at Bell’s tavern in 1832. “[He is] a whig bully—who makes his living by ring fighting…It seems now he has turned traitor, murderer, ricter, and church burner,” raged the Illinois State Register (“More Whigs Arrested for Treason and Murder”, August 13, 1844). Riots surged across the country in the 1830s, but very few

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lasted for more than a day. The 1844 riots in Philadelphia, known as the Southwark riots, were much more severe. It resulted in the death of twelve people, citizens and soldiers, and 50 wounded. A few weeks later, on July 18, 1844, McClain surrendered himself to the mayor.

Outraged, the Mayor ordered that he be “committed as an accessory to murder of Sergeant Guyer and corporal Troutman,” two militia officers killed while protecting the church (“More Whigs Arrested for Treason and Murder”, August 13, 1844). As much as the papers demonized him earlier, witnesses testified that McClain had a much different role in the riots than believed.

“I saw McClain urging people to go away [from the cannons],” said John Graves, a member of a sheriff’s posse. “His conduct at the time was as that of every other peaceable person on the ground; to preserve the peace and protect property…I saw [him] endeavoring to prevent the mob from bursting in the doors of the church, and gaining an entrance…[he] was engaged with myself and others in preventing the use of the battering-ram against the door” (“More Whigs Arrested for Treason and Murder”, August 13, 1844). “[I] saw McClain in the organ gallery,” reported David Ford, another member of the posse. “Two young men, who removed the table from the front organ; they said they were going to play upon the organ; others came to their assistance and I beckoned to Mr. McClain and others who came and assisted me to keep the boys [from destroying it]; McClain said to them ‘If anyone enters here, they do it over my dead body’” (“More Whigs Arrested for Treason and Murder”, August 13, 1844)! McClain also interceded a group of men determined to beat Judge James Campbell, a well-known Catholic in the area (The Journal of the American Irish Historical Society, Vol. 10, p. 208).

A large crowd gathered to watch the proceedings of his trail. The jury deliberated for 50 hours until reaching the unanimous decision that McClain was not guilty. The “Court house shook with pearls of applause,” and a procession formed to take the hero home (Boston Courier; November 21, 1844). The next month, on January 18, 1845, Governor Francis R. Shunk appointed him a 2nd lieutenant of the Native American Rifle Company attached to the 2nd Regiment, 3rd Brigade, 1st Division of the Philadelphia Militia. He served in that position until Governor Johnston promoted him to major of the 1st Battalion, Philadelphia Company Volunteers in June 1849, but demoted him to lieutenant colonel that February. $500 - $800 BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

CONFEDERATE GENERAL BENJAMIN MCCULLOCH & FAMILY ARCHIVE 21 Texas Ranger, Mexican War Major, and Confederate General Benjamin McCulloch, Salt Print, Ca 1859-1861 Benjamin McCulloch (1811-1862) was a Tennessee-born Texas settler who fought in American battles far and wide. He accompanied his neighbor Davy Crockett to Texas in 1834, but arrived at the Alamo after the battle due to a case of measles. McCulloch then joined the Texas Army under Sam Houston, another former neighbor, and skillfully commanded one of the “Twin Sisters” cannons at the Battle of San Jacinto, earning a promotion to first lieutenant and a sizable land bounty. Elected to the Texas House of Representatives in 1839, he spent the next several years defending himself and other settlers from Indians and Mexicans, until being appointed a major by General Zachary Taylor at the outbreak of the Mexican War. Jefferson Davis personally appointed him a colonel before the start of the Civil War, and McCulloch commanded an under-supplied force to victory at the Battle of Wilson’s Creek, before he was killed at the front line while commanding forces at Pea Ridge in 1862.

Salt print, 6 x 8 in., on trimmed mount, 7.25 x 9.25 in. Studio portrait featuring Benjamin McCulloch wearing a formal coat and cravat, seated, holding a cane, with a top hat resting on the table beside him.

Although unmarked, the portrait resembles a studio view taken by Charles D. Fredricks & Co. of New York, ca 1859-1861.

Descended Directly in the Family of Henry E. McCulloch, Brother to Benjamin McCulloch $600 - $800

22 Benjamin McCulloch, Two Albumen Prints by Marks, Austin, Texas, Ca 1860 Lot of 2 retouched albumen studio views of Benjamin McCulloch in formal dress, the first 7 x 8.75 in., on 10 x 12 in. mount, the second 5.5 x 7.75 in., on 8 x 10 in. mount, each with H.R. Marks, Photographer, Austin, Texas imprint. Each mount with penciled date of about 1860.

Descended Directly in the Family of Henry E. McCulloch, Brother to Benjamin McCulloch $800 - $1,200

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

NOVEMBER 18, 2016 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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CONFEDERATE GENERAL BENJAMIN MCCULLOCH & FAMILY ARCHIVE 23 Benjamin McCulloch, Ninth Plate Tintype Ninth plate tintype of Confederate Brigadier General Benjamin McCulloch, housed in full, pressed paper case.

Descended Directly in the Family of Henry E. McCulloch, Brother to Benjamin McCulloch $500 - $700

24 The Life and Services of Gen. Ben McCulloch, by Victor M. Rose, 1888, Signed by Henry E. McCulloch Rose, Victor. The Life and Services of Gen. Ben McCulloch. Philadelphia: Pictorial Bureau of the Press, 1888. Small 8vo, original blindstamped cloth with gilt title on spine, 260pp. (page numbering begins at 25 for unknown reason). FFEP signed and inscribed by Benjamin McCulloch’s brother, From Henry E. McCulloch to Gen’l H.P. Bee, with Lieut. written in front of Henry E. McCulloch in what appears to be a different hand.

With portraits of McCulloch, captioned Maj. B. McCulloch, although Maj. has been crossed out (likely in the hand of Henry McCulloch) and changed to Genl., and Colonel M.S. Munson.

An exceptionally rare book.

Descended Directly in the Family of Henry E. McCulloch, Brother to Benjamin McCulloch $2,000 - $3,000 16

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CONFEDERATE GENERAL BENJAMIN MCCULLOCH & FAMILY ARCHIVE 25 Ninth Plate Ambrotype of Confederate Officer, Possibly Henry Eustace McCulloch Lot of 2, featuring a ninth plate ambrotype of a Confederate officer in uniform, his buttons lightly tinted gold, housed in full, octagonal thermoplastic case. Accompanied by a sixth plate ambrotype of the same man, younger in appearance, dressed in civilian attire, housed in full pressed paper case.

These two images were found together with the collection of photographs of Benjamin McCulloch that descended directly in the McCulloch family, and it has been suggested that the subject may be Benjamin’s brother, Henry Eustace McCulloch (1816-1895), who was a soldier in the Texas Revolution, a Texas Ranger, and a Confederate Brigadier General. However, this identification cannot be confirmed.

Descended Directly in the Family of Henry E. McCulloch, Brother to Benjamin McCulloch $200 - $400

THE CIVIL WAR | Cased Images | The Confederacy 26 Civil War Sixth Plate Ruby Ambrotype of CSA Soldier John Weir, 1st Louisiana Heavy Artillery, Plus Wife Lot of 2, featuring sixth plate ruby ambrotype of a bearded gentleman wearing block A buttons (CS117), with period, penciled identification in case, John Weir, CSA. Housed in pressed paper case with sixth plate tintype of a young, attractive woman identified behind case as Sara Weir. Additional penciled identifications are taped to the back of each image.

HDS lists a Private John Weir that served with Co. E of the 1st Louisiana Heavy Artillery, although no other information regarding his service record is available.

Organized in February 1861, the 1st LA Heavy Artillery was part of the Louisiana State Army, and later transferred to the Confederate Regular Army.

The regiment was headquartered at the New Orleans Barracks, but companies served at various forts defending New Orleans. In May 1862, the regiment was ordered to Vicksburg where fighting continued until surrender in July 1863. Grant immediately paroled the unit because he did not want to care for 30,000 prisoners of war. By January 1864, the regiment was in Mobile, AL. After brief stints in Meridian and Tupelo, MS, the unit returned to Mobile and garrisoned the batteries until surrender on May 5, 1865 at Cuba Station, AL. $1,000 - $1,500

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

NOVEMBER 18, 2016 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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THE CIVIL WAR | Cased Images | The Union 27 Sixth Plate Daguerreotype of Civil War & Indian Wars-Era Officer Lawrence Sprague Babbitt Sixth plate daguerreotype of Lt. Lawrence Sprague Babbitt 1839-1903, as identified on typed paper label affixed to cover glass, wearing a fitted nine-button frock coat, the buttons highlighted in gold, housed in full case. Ca 1861.

Colonel Lawrence Sprague Babbitt came from impressive military lineage. Born in Boston, MA, February 18, 1839, he was the son of Brevet Brigadier General Edwin Burr Babbitt, who served in the Mexican and Civil War, and was responsible for the repair of the Alamo chapel and barracks; grandson of Surgeon Lawrence Sprague who served in the War of 1812; and the great-grandson of Major E.B. Babbitt who commanded troops at the Siege of Louisbourg.

Expanding his impressive bloodline, he married Francis McDougall, the daughter of Brevet Brigadier General Charles McDougall. Three generations of Babbitts attended and graduated from West Point, including his father Edwin Burr (1826), his only surviving child Major General Edwin Burr (1884), and himself (1861).

Immediately after graduating from West Point in 1861, he enlisted as a 2nd lieutenant and was commissioned into the 3rd US Light Artillery.

He quickly earned a promotion to 1st lieutenant by brevet the next month after brilliantly fighting in the Manassas Campaign and at the Battle of Bull Run. In October, he transferred to the US Army Ordnance Department and worked as an assistant ordnance officer at several forts including the Ordnance Depot at Yorktown during the siege and the Washington Arsenal. He earned a promotion to captain by brevet on March 13, 1865 and was officially commissioned as a captain on December 22, 1866.

After the War, he ventured west and earned a promotion as major for meritorious services against the Nez Perce and Paiute Indians.

He commanded Ft. Monroe Arsenal, VA until 1887 when he became Chief of Ordnance at Department of Texas and took control of the San Antonio Arsenal. He became a lieutenant colonel in 1890 and commanded the US Arsenal in Benicia, CA, equipping the First Philippine expedition. He remained there until 1899 when he

transferred to the US Powder Depot near Dover, NJ. After 26 years of service, he retired in 1903 and died shortly after.

His son, Edwin Burr Babbitt graduated from West Point in 1884 and from the Heavy Artillery School in 1889. He was commissioned as 2nd lieutenant, June 15, 1884, and was promoted to Brigadier General of the National Army on October 2, 1917; Brigadier General of the US Army, February 12, 1918; and Major General of the US Army, April 14, 1923. He was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal. He retired on in 1924 after 40 years of service. Both father and son are buried at an adjacent site at Arlington National Cemetery.

Sources: 35th Annual Reunion of the Association of Graduates of the United States Military Academy, June 14, 1904. Saginaw, MI: Seeman & Peters, 1904, pp. 126-127. $300 - $500

28 Civil War Half Plate Tintype of Soldiers at Camp, Some Smoking Pipes Uncased, half plate outdoor tintype of seven unidentified soldiers in uniform, their buttons highlighted in gold, many posed with their swords. At least three of the soldiers standing in the back row appear to be smoking pipes. An unmarked tent serves as the backdrop.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $300 - $500

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THE CIVIL WAR | Cased Images | The Union

29 Civil War Quarter Plate Tintype of Cigar Smoking Pards Quarter plate tintype of what may be three brothers or three friends.

The soldier standing at right is dressed in full uniform and smokes a cigar like the man seated at center. Housed in full case. $500 - $700

30 Civil War Quarter Plate Tintype of Six Soldiers and a Friend Quarter plate tintype portrait taken in a simple studio setting, featuring a captain seated in the center, flanked by two soldiers. The back row shows a lieutenant with his arm around a civilian, perhaps a sutler or photographer, the two flanked by additional soldiers. Housed in full case. $500 - $700

31 Civil War Quarter Plate Tintype of Soldier with Pistol Quarter plate tintype of a soldier standing stiffly with his right hand resting uncomfortably on his side while the other hand rests upon an elaborate dining room chair. The soldier wears a nine-button coat belted with a two-piece belt plate and holstered pistol tucked into the side. A pork pie hat sits upon his head. Housed in hanging thermoplastic case, 5.25 x 6.25 in. $500 - $700

32 Quarter Plate Tintype of Civil War Drummer, Identified as Pemberton Quarter plate tintype of tall and lanky musician dressed in his uniform, with his drum strapped to him. The subject holds his drumsticks while pretending to beat on the drum. Back of the image has a note that mentions the name Pemberton. According to HDS, there are only two Pembertons listed as musicians. Charles Pemberton’s residence is not listed, and he transferred from company F to company C. He also had service in Co. F, US Army 15th Infantry. The second Pemberton, Pierce, enlisted on 8/30/1862. On 9/16/1862 he mustered into Co. B, NJ 24th Infantry. He was mustered out on 6/29/1863 at Beverly, NJ. Housed in full, black thermoplastic case. $600 - $800

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

NOVEMBER 18, 2016 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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THE CIVIL WAR | Cased Images | The Union

33 Sixth Plate Ambrotype of Musician with his Flute Sixth plate ambrotype presenting a musician who carries a flute and fife while a squeezebox sits on the table to his side. He also holds a musician’s sword and wears a musician’s tunic. Housed in a dark, brown leather case. $900 - $1,200

34 Sixth Plate Ambrotype of Ringold Artillery Brass Bandsman Sixth plate ambrotype of a Ringold Artillery Brass Bandsman posed with his horn. With emulsion missing along the edge of the horn, which appears as a black line. Contained in full thermoplastic case. $900 - $1,200

35 Sixth Plate Period Copy Ambrotype of Flag Bearer, Nathan Gillette, 1st Connecticut Light Battery, with National Colors Sixth plate ruby ambrotype, which is a period copy of a portrait of Nathan Gillette, of Hebron, CT, with the national colors of the 1st light Battery Connecticut Volunteers. The bearded private holds a kepi with small embroidered cross cannon insignia (no numbers), and he wears a nine-button frock coat and belt rig retaining the early over-theshoulder strap with rectangular plate, cap box, and saber.

The flag that Gillette proudly displays still exists and there is an identified photo of Gillette in the State Capitol in Hartford, CT. This appears to be the same photo but printed correctly so that the man’s cap is in his right hand and the view of the flag is of its reverse. There is no known reason why the Battery received an infantry sized color, but it did. The large ungainly eagle, executed in shades of gray, appeared on almost all national colors carried by Connecticut troops. $800 - $1,200

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THE CIVIL WAR | Cased Images | The Union 36 Civil War Sixth Plate Tintype of Armed Sergeant John S. Jacobs, Pennsylvania 28th and 147th Volunteers, Fought at Gettysburg Sixth plate tintype of John S. Jacobs of the 28th Pennsylvania Volunteers, pencil identified inside case and dated October 1861, seated, wearing an early gray shell jacket issued by the state of Pennsylvania, holding a Remington rifle, with a saber bayonet and revolver tucked in his belt. Housed in half, thermoplastic case.

John S. Jacobs enlisted as a sergeant on August 30, 1861 and mustered into the 28th PA Infantry, Company N. After two short months, he transferred to the field and staff of the 147th PA Infantry, Co. N. He was promoted to commanding sergeant on March 1, 1865. While serving with the 147th PA Infantry, he participated in Burnside’s “Mud March” until arriving at the Battle of Chancellorsville. He and his regiment fought bravely, losing 94 killed, wounded and missing, including 3 officers killed and 4 wounded. The regiment then moved to Gettysburg and positioned itself to the right of Round Top and later at Culp’s Hill. Its advantageous positions allowed the regiment to go relatively unscathed, losing over 5 men compared to the hundreds in other regiments. It then moved to the Cumberlands and participated in battles of Lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge, and joined Sherman in his Atlanta campaign. After participating in many battles including Resaca and Kennesaw Mountain, it marched with Sherman to the sea and burned many cities in its path. After the surrender of General Johnston, Jacobs mustered out with the rest of the 147th PA on July 15, 1865. $600 - $800

37 Sixth Plate Tintype of Lieutenant James R. Gardner, 101st Pennsylvania Volunteers Sixth plate tintype of Lieutenant James R. Gardner, identified on back of plate. The insignia visible on the subject’s kepi indicates that he was a member of the 101st Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry. With two cent revenue stamp affixed on back of plate. Housed in half case.

The 101st Pennsylvania was known as the “Keystone Regiment,” representing every part of the state and all classes of volunteers. A storied regiment, the 101st lost 40 percent of its number. James R. Gardner left the mines in Pennsylvania to enlist as a 2nd lieutenant on October 15, 1861. He was commissioned into Company I of the famous regiment and served until he resigned from his position on July 14, 1863. A record of patients from a Naval Hospital in Philadelphia lists a James Gardner as a convalescent. The roster notes that he was admitted to the hospital on January 31st and stayed until July 3rd. He suffered from “catank,” which could be an abbreviation for catatonic. Gardner could have suffered from severe “shell shock” or combat stress reaction that rendered him speechless. The roster states that he returned to duty after being discharged from the hospital. It is possible Gardner resigned less than a week after returning to the front. (Information obtained from Ancestry.com, October 1, 2016.) $500 - $800

38 Civil War Sixth Plate Tintype of Quadruple Armed St. Louis Soldier Sixth plate tintype displaying a St. Louis sergeant in full uniform, holding a pistol in one hand, and his upright musket in the other. A third pistol is tucked in his belt, and a fourth pistol rests on the table beside him. The studio backdrop is that of E. Long, used at Benton Barracks in St. Louis, MO. Housed in full pressed paper case. $700 - $900

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

NOVEMBER 18, 2016 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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THE CIVIL WAR | Cased Images | The Union

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39 Civil War Sixth Plate Tintype of Armed Zouave Sixth plate tintype of a full standing Zouave, wearing a jacket in the style of the 46th Indiana Infantry Regiment, holding a sword in front of Benton Barracks studio backdrop. Housed in full pressed paper case. $600 - $800

40 Sixth Plate Ruby Ambrotype of Four Union Soldiers and a Mule Sixth plate ruby ambrotype taken on a cloudy day, capturing a group of Union soldiers, one mounted atop a mule. Contained in full thermoplastic case. $800 - $1,000

41 Sixth Plate Ruby Ambrotype of Armed Private with Slouch Hat Sixth plate ruby ambrotype of a young soldier wearing a slouch hat, standing with his rifle. The photographer cut the mat in a unique manner to allow all of the soldier to be seen. Housed in full thermoplastic case featuring birds in a nest. $700 - $900

42 Civil War Sixth Plate Tintype of Double Armed Corporal Sixth plate, outdoor tintype of a uniformed corporal, standing with rifle in hand and a pistol tucked in the front of his belt. A small structure and bare trees are visible in the background as well as leaves that are gathered around the soldier’s boots. Housed in full, scarce thermoplastic Two Pears case (Krainik-178). $1,000 - $1,500

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THE CIVIL WAR | Cased Images | The Union

43 Sixth Plate Tintype of Double Armed Soldier Sixth plate tintype of a soldier wearing shoulder scales. He has a knife and a pistol tucked in his belt. The image is housed under a patriotic mat and contained in a full pressed paper case adorned with eagle on shield. $650 - $850

44 Civil War Sixth Plate Ruby Ambrotype of Pistol Packing Pards Sixth plate ruby ambrotype of a pair of Union soldiers, their cheeks lightly tinted pink, displaying their pistols in front of their chests.

Housed in full pressed paper case. $500 - $700

45 Civil War Sixth Plate Tintype of Private with Musket Sixth plate tintype of a seated private wearing a kepi with upturned brim. He holds his rifle across his body and his bayonet rests across his lap. Contained in a full thermoplastic geometric/scroll case (Krainik-273). $500 - $700

46 Sixth Plate Tintype of Officer in Front of Palm Tree Sixth plate tintype of a stern officer standing with arms crossed and saber sheathed before the US flag, which is draped over a stool.

Various palm trees and foliage constitute a backdrop. Housed in full, pressed paper case. $500 - $700

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

NOVEMBER 18, 2016 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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THE CIVIL WAR | Cased Images | The Union 47 Civil War Ninth Plate Tintype of Private David B. Mason, 7th New Hampshire Volunteers Ninth plate tintype of soldier seated with belt, cap box, and bayonet, pencil identified inside case as David B. Mason, Co. G 7 Reg. NHVol., Manchester, NH, and dated 1861. Housed in full Liberty Cap, Flags, and Shield Union case (Krainik-372).

Mason enlisted as a private on September 21, 1861 at the age of 22, and he mustered into Company G of the New Hampshire 7th Infantry in November 1861. He was discharged for disability on January 8, 1863 in New York City.

The 7th NH was heavily engaged in Charleston operations including the assault on Fort Wagner and Gregg and later James River operations under Butler. The regiment mustered out in July 1865, having suffered 200 battle casualties during its term of service. $500 - $700

48 Private Andrew Goodwin, 25th Maine Infantry, Photographic Archive Lot of 13 photographs of members of the Andrew Goodwin and Mary L. Rich family, including 5 cased images of Andrew Goodwin, comprised of a sixth plate tintype of Goodwin in Civil War uniform, sixth plate ambrotype, ninth plate daguerreotype, and 2 ninth plate ambrotypes, one that is accompanied by a ninth plate ambrotype portrait of Goodwin’s wife, Mary L. Rich, believed to be their wedding portraits from 1860. The collection includes 2 additional ninth plate ambrotypes of Goodwin’s wife, Mary, each in full case; ninth plate ambrotype in half case and half plate tintype in thermoplastic wall frame showing Goodwin’s daughter, Leila; 2 sixth plate daguerreotypes in half cases, one showing an aged man under mat stamped by S.L. Carleton, Portland, ME, the other showing an aged woman under mat stamped by Anson, 589 Broadway; and circular tintype of unidentified woman, approx. 1 in. dia., in half “Oreo” case.

Born in 1837, Goodwin married Mary Lyman Rich of Portland, ME, in 1860.

Their daughter Leila (Lilly) was born in 1862. He enlisted in the army on September 29, 1862 and mustered into the 25th Maine Infantry, Co. H. Goodwin served until July 10, 1863 when he mustered out of service at Portland, ME. He enlisted a second time, after working as a moulder, on August 16, 1864. Two days later, he mustered into the 4th Massachusetts Heavy Artillery, Co. K. He and his regiment primarily defended the forts in Washington, DC until they mustered out at the capital on June 17, 1865.

A note inside one of his ambrotypes claims he was taken prisoner at some point, but we found no records to support that claim. $600 - $800

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THE CIVIL WAR | CDVs & Cabinet Cards | The Union 49 David G. Farragut CDVs as Admiral by Brady & Gurney Lot of 4 CDVs of D.G. Farragut, including a portrait as vice admiral by Brady & Co., Washington; and 3 cartes of Farragut as rear admiral, each credited to Gurney & Son, New York.

The Paul DeHaan Collection of Items Related to Admiral D.G. Farragut $400 - $600

50 David G. Farragut CDVs as Vice Admiral by Fredricks, Willard, & Henszy Lot of 4 CDVs of Vice Admiral D.G. Farragut, including a portrait of Farragut seated with a sword in one hand and hat in the other, credited to C.D. Fredricks & Co., New York; a pair of portraits from the same sitting by O.H. Willard, Philadelphia, PA, one dated 1865; and a standing view of the vice admiral, holding his hat and spectacles in front of him, with Henszey & Co., Philadelphia imprint on verso.

The Paul DeHaan Collection of Items Related to Admiral D.G. Farragut $400 - $600

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

NOVEMBER 18, 2016 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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THE CIVIL WAR | CDVs & Cabinet Cards | The Union 51 CDV Showing Spot where Union General J.B. McPherson was Killed, July 22, 1864 Outdoor scene captioned on mount verso as View of the place where Maj Genl McPherson was killed July 22d 1864, no studio imprint.

Accompanied by newspaper clipping describing McPherson’s death.

The able but ambitious James. B. McPherson (1828-1864) attained corps command under his friend and mentor General W.T. Sherman, and was given Sherman’s old Army of the Tennessee in the build-up to the Atlanta campaign. Sherman may have harbored doubts about McPherson’s elevation and never fully relinquished the Army of the Tennessee even after he ascended to overall command of the western armies. McPherson has remained an enigma and was under a cloud when he was killed in action during the climax of Hood’s July 22, 1864 assault on the Union left. $300 - $500

52 Union General Daniel Sickles, CDV & Cabinet Card Collection Lot of 10, comprised of 6 CDVs of Daniel Sickles in uniform and 3 post-war cabinet photographs, plus a 3.5 x 2.25 in. machine-stitched 13-star flag featuring a circular, 1 in. dia., printed portrait of Sickles. Including a carte de visite credited to Brady’s National Portrait Galleries, NY, and 2 CDVs with E. & H.T. Anthony, NY imprints, plus 3 commercially printed cartes of the general. The cabinet photographs are credited to W. Kurtz and Falk of New York and J.E. Purdy of Boston.

Sickles (1825-1914) was a controversial and colorful politician, a Union general in the Civil War, and diplomat.

He was the first to successfully use a plea of “temporary aberration of mind” to win acquittal on charges of murder.

He shot Philip Barton Key (February 1859), son of Francis Scott Key, because of attentions Key was paying to Mrs. Sickles. He also was instrumental in securing Central Park for New York in 1852. At the onset of the Civil War, Sickles raised the Excelsior Brigade, and rose through the Union ranks to commander of the 3rd Corps, until he lost half his troops and his right leg at Gettysburg, and subsequently his command. $800 - $1,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | CDVs & Cabinet Cards | The Union 53 Gettysburg Hero, Joshua Chamberlain, CMOH, Albumen Photograph Oval albumen photograph of Joshua Chamberlain (1828-1914) in civilian clothing, 5.25 x 7.5 in., on 6.25 x 8.5 in. mount. No studio imprint.

Famed Colonel of the 20th Maine, Vincent’s brigade, and popular hero of Little Round Top, among others, Chamberlain was wounded six times during the Civil War. He was later awarded a Medal of Honor for his gallantry at Gettysburg. In 1864, Grant personally commissioned him a brigadier general at Petersburg, and at the end of the war, he was brevetted major general for Five Forks. Following the conclusion of the Civil War, Chamberlain entered politics and served four one-year terms of office as the 32nd Governor of Maine. He also served on the faculty, and as president, of his alma mater, Bowdoin College. $2,500 - $3,500

54 Civil War CDVs of Officers from Maine & New Hampshire, including Gettysburg Surgeon Lot of 3 CDVs, including: standing view of Brigadier General Charles P. Jameson, 2nd Maine Infantry, by Brady, New York. Jameson contracted “camp fever” at the Battle of Fair Oaks, and died soon after in November 1862; autographed, bust portrait of Surgeon Nahum A. Hersom, 17th Maine Volunteers, with J.W. Black, Newport, RI backmark.

Commissioned a surgeon in the 17th on April 11, 1863, Hersom served throughout the remainder of the war, including at Gettysburg; and studio view of Colonel and Brevet Brigadier General Herbert B. Titus, 2nd and 9th New Hampshire Volunteers, by Black and Batchelder, Boston. Titus was WIA at Antietam. $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | CDVs & Cabinet Cards | The Union 55 New Jersey 35th Volunteers, Cladek Zouaves, Four CDVs of Identified Officers Lot of 4 cartes of identified officers from the New Jersey 35th Volunteers, which participated in the Atlanta Campaign and fought at Resaca. It was under heavy fire often in Texas. The subjects include: full standing view of 2nd Lieutenant John Rose, dressed in his Cladek Zouaves uniform, with Rolf’s, Newark, NJ imprint. John N. Rose Jr. enlisted as a 2nd lieutenant on September 25, 1863 and mustered into the 35th NJ Zouaves, Co. G that day. He resigned from his position on August 13, 1864, although some records indicate he mustered out.

Seated view of Lemuel R. Young, who was commissioned as quartermaster of the regiment on September 23, 1863. He mustered out of service at Alexandria, VA on July 20, 1865.

Full standing portrait of Surgeon George Summers, by Thorn, Elizabeth, NJ. Summer was commissioned into the Field and Staff of the 35th NJ on July 21, 1863. He resigned on January 24, 1865.

Bust view of J. Augustus Fay, by Price & Sons, Elizabeth, NJ. Fay enlisted on July 21, 1863 and was commissioned into the Field and Staff of the regiment that day. He was promoted to captain of Co. A on July 31, 1864. On February 16, 1865, he was discharged for a promotion and commissioned into Field and Staff as a major of the 40th NJ Infantry.

He was promoted to brevet lieutenant colonel on April 2, 1865 and mustered out on Jun 8, 1865. He reenlisted and was commissioned an officer in the NJ 40th Infantry, Co. S on, June 8, 1865 and promoted to full lieutenant colonel on June 7, 1865. He ended his impressive career and mustered out on July 13, 1865 at Hall’s Hill, VA. $900 - $1,200

56 George Duryea, 5th New York Zouaves, CDV Carte de visite of Lieutenant Colonel George Duryea of the 5th New York Duryee’s Zouaves, dressed in his military uniform, including a great coat draped over his shoulders. Verso inscribed in ink, Geor. Duryea Lieut. Col. 5th NYV, this was in all the last (?) Battles near Chancellorsville, Va May 1, 2, 3. No studio imprint.

Duryea was 30-years-old when he enlisted on April 25, 1861 at New York City, NY as a 1st lieutenant, and by early May, he was commissioned into Co. E, NY 5th Infantry. Duryea was listed as wounded on June 27, 1862 at Gaines’ Mill, VA. His promotions included 1st lieutenant (7/4/1861), captain (9/1/1861) (as of Co. C), major (12/4/1862), and lieutenant colonel (12/31/1862). Duryea mustered out on May 14, 1863 at New York, NY. This image was taken at the end of May 1863. After the war, Duryea lived in Glen Cove, NY, and worked in the family business, Duryea Starch Works. $700 - $900

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THE CIVIL WAR | CDVs & Cabinet Cards | The Union

57 Civil War CDV of Drummer, 8th New York Heavy Artillery CDV of a drummer in full uniform with drum and drum stick holder on his chest as well as a small corps badge. In this early war image, the subject wears his shoulder scales and a western style hat with crossed cannons and the number 8. With Fred Ulrich, New York backmark. $600 - $800

58 New York 4th Artillery “Plastic Operation” CDV Very rare composite CDV featuring five views of wounded soldier, Rowland Ward, who suffered a gunshot wound to the right side of his face. No studio imprint.

Ward enlisted as a private at Portage, NY, in late October 1862, and in November, he was mustered into “Batty E” Co., New York 4th Heavy Artillery. On August 25, 1864, he was shot on the right side of his face during the battle of Reams’ Station, VA, and days later, he was hospitalized at Lincoln Hospital, Washington, DC. Ward was discharged for wounds on June 23, 1865. $500 - $700

59 Private W.E. Dunlap, 20th New York Cavalry, CDV CDV of W.E. Dunlap, from Co. G of the 20th New York Cavalry, as pencil identified on verso, posed with Sharps carbine and sword in front of a painted patriotic backdrop. No studio imprint. $500 - $700

60 African American New York Private, Civil War CDV Vignetted portrait of an unidentified African American private, with Hoyt, Cuba, NY backmark. The focus is a bit soft, indicating that the carte was copied from a hard image. Nevertheless, a scarce Civil Warperiod photograph. $500 - $700

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NOVEMBER 18, 2016 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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THE CIVIL WAR | CDVs & Cabinet Cards | The Union 61 Civil War, 7th New York Militia, Group of 6 CDVs Lot of 6 photographs, mostly CDVs, of members of the 7th New York Militia. After being called to defend Washington on the specific request of President Lincoln, the old 7th NY Militia opened the lines of communication through Annapolis Junction and guarded the Capitol Building. During its short term of service, the regiment helped construct Ft. Runyon before returning to New York City and mustering out on June 3, 1861. The regiment was mustered in again for three months’ service in May 1862, mustering out in September 1862; and once again mustered in for 30days’ service in June 1863. It was during this time that the 7th was on duty for the New York Draft Riots that occurred in July of 1863. The regiment mustered out for good on July 21, 1863.

Subjects include: full standing view of Colonel Leffets, with sword; full standing carte of Lieutenant Locke W. Winchester, by Anthony; full standing portrait of 1st Lieutenant Charles B. Bostwick, by Anthony; Brady studio portrait of a group of five members of the 7th NY Militia (possibly 2nd Lieutenant George T. Hawes seated with sword); one half stereoview cut down to CDV size, featuring outdoor view of a group of five members of the 7th NY State Militia, gathered together in front of tent with plaque reading: “Cosey Wook” (possibly Captain Henry C. Shumway standing with sword); and seated portrait of Colonel George Lyons, 8th New York Militia, published by Anthony. $500 - $700

62 New York 3rd and 12th Cavalry Regiments, Group of Ten CDVs Lot of 10 CDVs of identified officers and enlisted men that served with the 3rd and 12th New York Cavalry Regiments.

Formed in late July of 1861, the 3rd NY Cavalry was recruited by James Van Alen. He resigned in April 1862 and was succeeded by Simon H. Mix, who became one of the most intrepid and efficient cavalry leaders of the war. Sadly, Colonel Mix fell before Petersburg in June 1864. The unit was assigned to the Eastern Theater where it saw action at places such as Petersburg, Bermuda Hundred, Weldon RR, and more. The 3rd NY ceased to exist on July 21, 1865 when it was consolidated with the 1st NY Mounted Rifles to form the 4th NY Provisional Cavalry.

Subjects from the 3rd NY Cavalry include: standing view of Major George Lewis, with sword in hand, by Brady, Washington; bust view of Lieutenant Colonel Samuel Pierce, by Taylor & Bacon, Rochester; bust view of Captain Irwin Starr, signed on verso; bust view of Captain James H. Bailey, signed below portrait, with T.W. Clark, Norfolk, VA backmark; and full standing view of 1st Lieutenant James R. Chamberlin, with sword.

In October 1862, Colonel James W. Savage began to recruit soldiers for the 12th NY Cavalry, which was organized at New York City to serve three years. The regiment left the state by detachments, the first leaving in May 1863, and was entirely in the field by December 1863, serving in the Department and District of North Carolina, 18th Corps; with the Provisional Corps from March 1865; and with the 23d Corps from April 1865 through July 1865. Under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Philip G. Vought, the 12th NY was honorably discharged and mustered out at Raleigh, NC. Identified soldiers representing the 12th NY Cavalry include: standing view of Major George W. Cole, by Howland, Syracuse; full standing portrait of 1st Lieutenant Wallace Sanborn, with sword, by Vaughan, NYC; tintype on CDV-sized mount of 1st Sergeant Stephen Laishley, Co. B, signed on mount recto; tintype on CDV-sized mount of Private Cyrus C. Hutchins, Co. B, signed on mount recto; and bust view of Private Fred Gatchell, signed on mount recto. $1,000 - $1,500 30

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THE CIVIL WAR | CDVs & Cabinet Cards | The Union 63 Massachusetts 23rd Volunteer Infantry, Group of 23 Civil War CDVs, Most Identified Lot of 23 CDVs, many produced by notable Massachusetts studios such as Moulton, Whipple, Case & Getchell, Black, Bowdoin, and more, comprised primarily of officers and enlisted men from the Massachusetts 23rd Volunteers, mostly Co. F. The 23rd Massachusetts was an 18th Corps outfit that saw extensive service in Carolina coastal operations before joining the army south of the James and fighting at Drewry’s Bluff, Cold Harbor, and Petersburg, including the Mine Explosion, before returning to North Carolina and mustering out in June 1865. The following subjects from the 23rd MA are represented in the lot: Lieutenant Richard P. Wheeler, Co. F, MWIA Drewry’s Bluff, VA 5/16/64; Hospital Steward Henry S. Rice, possibly signed on verso; Private Charles Manning, Co. F, KIA Whitehall, NC 12/16/62; Corporal Josiah M. Crocker, Co. F, WIA Cold Harbor, VA, 6/03/64. Carte signed on verso; Private John Gray, Co. F, who after the war served as committee chairman of the 23rd’s veterans who authorized the unit’s regimental history; Surgeon George Derby, in whose memory their regimental history is dedicated. CDV signed on verso; Assistant Surgeon James A. Emmerton; Captain George M. Whipple, Co. F; unidentified field officer, possibly from the 23rd MA; unidentified line officer, possibly from Co. F, 23rd MA; and unidentified soldier with Bowdoin, Salem, MA backmark.

The lot also features cartes of soldiers that served with other Massachusetts and New York regiments, including: Private Albert J. Foster, Co. K, 45th MA Volunteers; Private James F. Goddard, Co. D, 45th MA, as civilian, signed on verso; Private James E. Otis, 45th MA, as civilian, signed and dated on verso, December 2, 1863, after he was discharged at New Bern. He was either a sutler or army contractor at this time; Sergeant William F. Perkins, 44th MA, WIA Chancellorsville as 2nd lieutenant in the 2nd MA Volunteers; Private Frank W. Balch, Co. F, 44th MA Volunteers, signed on verso; unidentified private, Co. C, 44th MA; 1st Lieutenant William Arthur Ashley, Co. I, 10th MA Volunteers, KIA Wilderness, VA, 5/05/64. Carte has been trimmed, but Ashley’s signature is partially visible along bottom edge of mount verso; Private James J. Griffin, Co. E, 2nd MA Heavy Artillery. Carte inscribed by Griffin on verso, Hoping that I may never, by word or action, make you regret that we exchanged photographs...; Captain Edward A. Brown, 25th MA Volunteers, signed on verso; Private George E. Olcutt, Battery H, 3rd New York Light Artillery; and 2 unidentified Massachusetts civilians. $1,500 - $2,500

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NOVEMBER 18, 2016 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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THE CIVIL WAR | CDVs & Cabinet Cards | The Union 64 Civil War CDV Album of Soldiers from the 51st Illinois Infantry Leather album, 8 x 6 in., with tag mounted inside the front cover, inscribed, Presented to Miss America Williams/ By her friend C.H. McHenry.

The album contains 91 CDVs and tintypes, many credited to Illinois photographers, such as Mrs. W.A. Reed, J. Simons, and G. Moses (Quincy); J. Carbutt, S. Alschuler, and Shaw (Chicago); Henley & Thomas (Geneseo); and E.S. Cleveland (Monmouth); as well as Morse’s Gallery of the Cumberland (Nashville, TN); and Gurney & Son and R. Lord (New York); among others. Images of note include 15 CDVs of Civil War soldiers from Illinois regiments, with several identified or signed by the soldier.

Most of the soldiers pictured in the album served with the hard-fighting 51st Illinois Infantry, which was organized at Chicago, IL and mustered into Federal service on December 24, 1861. The 51st saw action at several major battles, including Stones River, Chickamauga, Resaca, Kennesaw Mountain, the Siege of Atlanta, Franklin, and Nashville. The regiment mustered out at Camp Irwin, TX on September 25, 1865. Identified subjects from the 51st IL include: 2 views of 1st Lieutenant Charles H. McHenry, Co. H, (the 8 of 91 presenter of the album), the first a studio view, the second showing McHenry with seven of his fellow soldiers atop what appears to be Lookout Mountain, TN; 1st Sergeant Charles Strickland, Co. G, KIA Kennesaw Mountain (6/27/64); Benjamin F. Goldin (HDS lists as “Golden”), Co. H, promoted to sergeant; signed view of Private Joseph Gerard, Co. G, WIA (date and place unknown); Sergeant Newell Kinsman, Co. H, in civilian attire; Lewis F. Genung, Co. H, promoted to sergeant; William F. Nicholson, Co. H, promoted to corporal; and Millard F. Bowker, Co. H. Additional soldiers include Private William G. McHenry of the 71st IL Infantry, Co. G; signed view of Corporal Joseph H. Brown, 73rd IL Infantry, Co. G; signed view of Sergeant George Hutchens, USCT

4th Infantry; standing view of first lieutenant partially identified as Doctor Clowg? (difficult to decipher); CDVs of 4 unidentified soldiers, including a sergeant and colonel, and a period copy of a hard image.

The album also features a vignetted view of Secretary of State William Henry Seward by Gurney & Son; portraits of unusual personalities such as 513-pound woman Phebe J. Dinn and a female snake charmer; “Old Abe,” mascot of the 8th Wisconsin Regiment; and 70 portraits of men, women, and children, many members of the McHenry family, including the album’s recipient, America, identified as Grandma William McHenry. $1,000 - $1,500

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THE CIVIL WAR | CDVs & Cabinet Cards | The Union 65 Civil War CDV Album Featuring Brady Views of Lincoln, Grant, Sherman, & Other Politicians, Plus California Studio Cartes Leather album, 9 x 6 in., containing 86 CDVs. Images of note include: Abraham Lincoln, credited to Brady’s National Photographic Portrait Galleries, New York and Washington; General W.T. Sherman, dated 1865, with Brady imprint on mount recto and verso; Secretary of State William H. Seward, with Brady backmark; vignetted view of U.S. Grant in civilian clothing, with Brady backmark; commercially produced carte of Major General Benjamin Butler after lithograph/engraving, no imprint; Speaker of the House and Vice President Schuyler Colfax, Brady backmark; Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase, Brady backmark; and Massachusetts Representative Anson Burlingame, Brady backmark.

The album also features an outdoor view of a bearded man standing in front of a massive Sequoia tree at Yosemite, titled on verso, Grizzly Giant, (Sequoia Gigantea,) Mariposa Grove, (Diam. 33 ft.), photographed and published by C.E. Watkins, 425 Montgomery St., San Francisco. Over 50 of the portraits of men, women, and children are produced by California photographers from San Francisco, Oakland, Santa Rosa, and Stockton, such as Bradley & Rulofson, Morse & Bradley, Bayley & Cramer, Perkins & Foss, B.F. Howland, J.M Bryan, W.B. Ingersoll, William Shew, Brown & Otto, Downing, Rea & Rauscher, Abell’s Star Gallery, as well as Sutterley from Virginia, NV. Approximately 20 CDVs are credited to New York and Connecticut photographers such as C.D. Fredricks, Rockwood, G.N. Granniss, T.M.V. Doughty, H.J. Rodgers, I.G. Steiger, and J.K. Bundy. A studio portrait published by E. & H.T. Anthony of Commodore Nutt and Miss Minnie Warren with their facsimile signatures on verso is also included. $1,000 - $1,500

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66 Point Lookout, Tennessee, Civil War-Era CDVs by R.M. Linn Lot of 7 CDVs, all but one with verso imprint, Photographed at Gallery Point Lookout, Lookout Mountain, A.D. 1864. R.M. Linn. Prop’r.

Six cartes with two cent revenue stamp on verso. A fine group of scenic views of Point Lookout and its surroundings, including a view of three men that appear to be in uniform, standing in front of Lulu Falls, and a view of a civilian dressed in a top hat and long coat, standing atop a rock, looking toward a waterfall. A distant view of what appears to be several soldiers standing near and inside a large white building, with a horse-drawn wagon parked to the side of the building, is also included.

Following the battle of Missionary Ridge in November 1863, Robert “Royan” M. Linn and his brother, J.B. Linn, established an impromptu studio near Point Lookout. Capitalizing on the scenic grandeur, the Linn brothers photographed untold thousands of Union soldiers starting in December 1863 and afterwards as the western armies congregated for the advance on Atlanta.

Descended in the Family of Colonel George Lawson Scott $500 - $700

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NOVEMBER 18, 2016 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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THE CIVIL WAR | Photography | H.P. Moore

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67 Edisto Island, South Carolina, Two CDVs by H.P. Moore Lot of 2 CDVs by H.P. Moore, Concord, NH, including outdoor photograph of 3rd New Hampshire Band Master Gustavus Ingalls (reading sheet music), with runaway slave Billy Seabrook polishing shoes at left. Brass players Steven Brown, (center), and D. Arthur (on the extreme right) are seated with Ingalls. An inked inscription on mount verso indicates that this was Ingalls’ personal image, which he ordered from Moore. (See Soldiers, Sailor, Slaves and Ship. The Civil War Photographs of Henry P. Moore, pp. 44-45, published by the New Hampshire Historical Society, 1999.)

Accompanied by CDV with applied paper label on mount verso, which reads Mansion of John E. Seabrook, from the Garden, Edisto, Island, SC with credit to Moore.

Henry P. Moore traveled to South Carolina and Georgia in 1862-1863 to visit the 3rd New Hampshire Regiment, and during that trip, he had the opportunity to photograph soldiers in camp, Navy warships, sailors, and former slaves at work. The photographs he produced at this time provide a more candid, straightforward look at the lives of soldiers and freed slaves alike in these southern states. $1,500 - $2,000

68 H.P. Moore, Photograph of Soldiers, Civilians, & African Americans Outside Southern Home Albumen photograph, 9.5 x 7.5 in., on 13.5 x 10.5 in. mount. A distant view of a horse-drawn carriage parked outside a large home, possibly in South Carolina or Georgia, with Union officers drinking on the first story front porch, and additional officers gathered with a lady on the

second story front porch. A young African American boy stands to the right of the front porch, looking directly at the camera, while another African American gent can be seen leaning over the rail of the second story back porch. An additional figure, possibly African American, stands with a horse to the left of the front porch. A fine photograph, not signed, but credited to Henry P. Moore, ca 1863. $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | CDVs | The Confederacy

69 Robert E. Lee Autographed CDV Vignetted portrait of the Confederate General-in-Chief, Robert E. Lee (1807-1870), with his distinctive signature, RE Lee, inked below, and P.E. Gibbs, Whitehurst’s Old Stand, Richmond, VA/ Gary & Clemmitt, Print. backmark.

The portrait is after one of Julian Vannerson’s “blockade” photographs.

Early in 1864, Lee sat in Vannerson’s gallery for a series of photographic portraits to be sent through the blockade to Virginia sculptor, Edward V. Valentine, then studying in Berlin. Valentine was to make a small statue of General Lee for sale at a Liverpool bazaar for the benefit of disabled Confederate veterans. The exact date of the sitting is unknown, though Valentine received the photos on May 5, 1864. $1,500 - $3,000

70 Robert E. Lee CDV by Mathew Brady Carte de visite of an aged Robert E. Lee, with M.B. Brady & Co., Washington, DC backmark. A post-war portrait taken by Brady in Washington in May 1869, and a variation of a pose published in Roy Meredith’s book, The Face of Robert E. Lee in Life and in Legend (p. 76). $300 - $500

71 CSA General J.E.B. Stuart CDV by Vannerson & Jones Bust portrait of Lt. Genl. J.E.B. Stuart, as ink identified below image, verso with Vannerson & Jones, Richmond, VA imprint and two cent revenue stamp dated June 1865. From the Crenshaw Family, Richmond, VA photo album.

A rare view of Stuart (1833-1864), the famous Confederate cavalry corps commander mortally wounded at Yellow Tavern on May 1, 1864. $300 - $500

72 CSA General George Pickett CDV by Vannerson & Jones Vignetted bust portrait of Maj. Genl. G.E. Pickett, as ink identified below image, verso with Vannerson & Jones, Richmond, VA imprint and two one cent revenue stamps dated June 1865. From the Crenshaw Family, Richmond, VA photo album.

Best known for leading the eponymous charge that represented the “High-Water Mark of the Confederacy,” George Pickett (1825-1875) was a West Point-trained soldier who served the US Army in the Mexican War before joining the Confederate Army, in which he led troops into battle from First Bull Run to Appomattox. He was not pardoned until a year before his death in 1874, which was likely sped up by his great lament over leading so many troops into the bloodbath at Gettysburg. $400 - $600

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THE CIVIL WAR | CDVs | The Confederacy

73 CSA General Turner Ashby CDV Published by Selby & Dulany, Baltimore CDV after lithograph/engraving of Confederate General Turner Ashby, credited to Selby & Dulany of Baltimore, MD on mount recto and verso, and dated 1866.

Ashby (1828-1862) gained prominence as Stonewall Jackson’s cavalry commander in the Valley Campaign in the Shenandoah Valley in 1862.

Despite his vigorous reconnaissance and screening efforts in this campaign, Ashby was KIA on June 6, 1862 at Cross Keys, VA. $400 - $600

75 CSA Colonel Samuel M. Hyams CDV Early Civil War-period CDV of Confederate Col. Sam Hyams, La., as pencil identified on mount below image. With Ben Oppenheimer, Photograph Gallery, 56 Dauphin St. Mobile imprint and additional identification on verso.

An adept horseman with a private military education, the Confederacy granted Lieutenant Colonel Samuel M. Hyams, Jr. high rank early after his enlistment in the Confederate Army. Hyams’ father, Lieutenant Colonel Samuel M. Hyams, held an advanced position in the 3rd Louisiana Infantry. Unique to many officers on either side, Hyams and his father were Jewish. They served together until Hyam Sr.’s early retirement in 1862. Some may have cried nepotism when Hyams Jr. was given his initial commission, but his efforts on the battlefield earned him a series of well-deserved promotions.

On several occasions, Hyams’ superiors noted his bravery. Following a fierce fight at Wilson’s Creek, Brigadier General Louis Hebert reported that after leaving his horse, Hyams continued to fight with his men on foot (Robert N. Rosen, The Jewish Confederates, p. 148). Impressed, Brigadier General Hebert made Hyams his aide-de-camp in June 1862. In two short years, Hyams reached the rank of lieutenant colonel and assumed command of the 2nd Missouri Cavalry in 1864. Feeling their major deserved the position more, the men of the 2nd Missouri voted that the other officer receive the position.

Hyams accepted their wishes and took control of the 1st Mississippi Partisan Rangers (later known as the 7th Mississippi Cavalry) instead.

He became a member of General Nathan Bedford Forrest’s Field and Staff and participated in the defense of Mobile in 1864. As a member of Forrest’s staff, it is highly probable that he accompanied Forrest at his surrender in May 1865.

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74 CSA General James Rains, KIA Murfreesboro, CDV Oval view of Confederate General James Edward Rains, mounted on business card of druggist G.W. Hendershott, Nashville, TN. Rains (1833-1862) served as a colonel during the Civil War, and although he was appointed and nominated as a brigadier general on November 4, 1862, his appointment was unconfirmed at the time of his death. Rains was killed while leading his brigade at the Battle of Stones River/ Murfreesboro on December 31, 1862 before the Confederate States Senate acted on his nomination. $700 - $900

References: Rosen, Robert N. The Jewish Confederates. Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press, 2000, p. 147.

Hewitt, Lawrence Lee & Arthur W. Bergeron, Jr. Eds. Louisianians in the Civil War. Columbia, MO: University of Missouri Press, 2002, pp. 76-77.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $300 - $500

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THE CIVIL WAR | CDVs | The Confederacy 76 Civil War CDVs of Russian Members of the Blockade Fleet Lot of 10 CDVs, all but one with imprint of C.K. Bill, New York, one with Brady imprint. Most identified in period pencil on verso with a December 1863 or June 1864 date. One carte notes Frigate Alexander Newsky on verso. These are undoubtedly portraits of members of one of the Russian ships sent by the Czar in support of the southern blockade and who spent the winter being feted by the citizens of New York City. Identified subjects include: Captain M. Fedofiofski (misspelled Fedoroffsky); Lieutenant Constantine Moiselif; Lieutenant Novopilski; William M. Leontieff(?); Pilken; A.N. Dolgoff(?); and Haussmann.

Built in 1862, the Alexander Newsky was the flagship of the distinguished Rear-Admiral Lessfoski. She was a first-class 50-gun frigate, with 4,000 tons burden and 800 horse-power. The rigging and sparring of the Newsky were similar to vessels of the same class in the US Navy.

Previously sold in these rooms, June 14, 2000, Historic Americana Auction, Lot 209.

A fine and rare group. $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | Stereoviews

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77 Very Rare Civil War Stereoviews of Fort Sumter Just Days After the Union Surrender, by Osborn & Durbec Lot of 4 stereoviews of Fort Sumter on April 20, 1861, less than a week after the Union surrender. Lacking imprints, but with inked titles on verso. The description of the view of the men standing behind the cannons reads, Bishop Lynch, Doct Cox and others by the Gun pointed as the city of Charleston by Gen Anderson. One view shows the broken flagpole in the middle of the fort, one shows a section of the interior, and another shows the damage to the outer walls.

A copy of the flagpole view is housed at the Library of Congress, which credits it to Osborn & Durbec. At least four different photographers visited Fort Sumter in the days following the initial battle of the Civil War, but only a handful of the Osborn & Durbec views have ever reached the market. In addition to its rarity, it is notable for being one of the very first photographs of the American Civil War. $600 - $800

78 Rare Set of Twelve Civil War Stereoviews of Rebel Batteries Along the James River, by William F. Browne Lot of 12 stereoviews, all but one affixed to thin, pink mounts, each lacking a studio imprint. However, one of the views showing a Seven Inch Brooks gun rifled, as ink identified on mount verso, credits the photograph to William F. Browne (incorrectly spelled “Brown”) of Washington, DC, indicating that each stereoview was produced by Browne, ca 1865. The inked note states, in part, that Browne, with assistant Andrew Hoyt, accompanied the 1st Conn. Artil. which was ordered to dismantle (?) Rebel Batteries on the James River.

A rare group of views, likely all produced by camp photographer William F. Browne, who worked for the 5th Michigan Cavalry, part of Custer’s Michigan brigade, following the end of his two-year enlistment with the 15th Vermont in August 1863. Alexander Gardner hired Browne to do contract work from 1864-1865, and in May 1865, Major General Henry H. Abbot assigned Browne to photograph the James River water batteries around Richmond. Following the war, Gardner published 120 of Browne’s negatives as “View of Confederate Water Batteries on the James River.” $1,000 - $1,500

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NOVEMBER 18, 2016 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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MOLLUS ALBUM, PICTORIAL HISTORY OF THE WAR OF REBELLION

79 MOLLUS Album, Pictorial History of the War of Rebellion, Volume 36, Owned by Brevet Brigadier General Albert Ordway Large-format Civil War photo album containing 91 individual prints made directly from original negatives during the 1890s, assembled

by Colonel Albert Ordway, a pioneering photo historian of the Massachusetts Commandery, Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States (MOLLUS.) The leather binding is embossed Pictorial History of the War of the Rebellion - Miscellaneous - Vol. 1 (interior pencil notations indicates this is volume 36 of the 120 albums assembled).

Each photo (with but two exceptions) is captioned in a beautifullywritten 19th century ink script, identifying the subjects or scenes. The prints range in size as follows: 29 albumen-sized (roughly 8 x 10 inches or smaller), 4 imperial-sized albumens (full page), 37 stereo-sized (single prints), 5 imperial stereos (single prints) and 16 carte-de-visitesized prints. The photos are all albumen, with the exception of 6 circa 1900 prints produced as silver gelatin images. There are a few copy prints of artist’s illustrations or earlier photographic montages (refer to cowans.com for complete listing and additional photographs).

Subject matter of this collection can be broken out into two main categories: officer group portraits (31 identified and one unidentified) and scenes from Washington’s Grand Review in May 1865 (26 captioned and 14 uncaptioned.) The Grand Review photos represent the largest-seen group known to Cowan’s and contain many unpublished scenes, showing crowds, troop formations and reviewing-stand dignitaries and spectators. Two vignetted montages entitled Executive Officers of the US Government for the Buchanan and Lincoln cabinets are included, with 15 carte-sized prints of Lincoln administration officials. Accompanied by photos of Sanitary Commission officials, court martial officers of the Lincoln Conspiracy trial, Signal Corps officers, mounted orderlies of a 4th Corps artillery 38

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brigade and 3 post-war portraits of officers. Most notably is the wellknown 1867 outdoor scene at Fort Sanders, WY showing Generals Grant, Sherman and Sheridan, meeting to discuss completion of the trans-continental railroad.

Other highlights include a group portrait entitled Generals of the Cavalry Corps showing from left, Generals P.H. Sheridan, G.A. Forsyth, Wesley Merritt, T.C. Devin and G.A. Custer, taken by Alexander Gardner. Another famous 1865 Gardner group portrait shows General W.T. Sherman and his chief lieutenants: Generals Howard, Logan, Hazen, Davis, Slocum and Mower. An albumen portrait of two greater Cincinnati, German-American generals, August Kautz and Godfrey Weitzel, is posed at the latter’s tent fly in 1865. A wonderful albumen entitled View on Pennsylvania Avenue between 9th and 7th Streets, shows the Army of the Potomac led by Collis’ Zouaves in their distinctive white turbans. Another page contains two spectator scenes captioned Views at the Treasury Department Building and three stereo photos captioned Views on Capital Hill. All are either unpublished or infrequently published scenes.

MOLLUS albums today are rare to the marketplace, with the majority residing in the US Army’s Military History Institute at Carlisle, PA, which took possession of the Massachusetts Commandery collection in 1973. Other albums are known to exist at Cleveland’s Western Reserve Historical Society and other national institutions. The importance of Ordway and his associate Major Arnold Rand’s collecting efforts, in an era when many negatives and photos were discarded, cannot be over-estimated. Most new assessments and identifications of wartime photography come from their early collecting efforts. $15,000 - $20,000

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MOLLUS ALBUM, PICTORIAL HISTORY OF THE WAR OF REBELLION

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GARDNER’S PHOTOGRAPHIC SKETCH BOOK OF THE WAR

80 Gardner’s Photographic Sketch Book of the War, Philp & Solomons, 1865-1866, Volume II Single volume, oblong folio. Washington: Philp and Solomons, 186566. With pictorial title page after A.R. Ward, containing 50 albumen photographs by Gardner and others, each 8.75 x 6.75 in., mounted on larger sheets with pre-printed mounting blocks and printed captions.

Each plate accompanied by a printed page describing the image.

Published pebbled dark brown/black morocco, with gilt title. First edition.

Called the “first modern photo-essay” (Stapp 1991: 28), Gardner’s “sketchbook” is recognized as the first published collection of Civil War photographs. Conceived by Gardner as a post-war memento, the photographs represent selections from the over 3,000 negatives

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taken during the Civil War by himself and associates. Unlike Brady, Gardner carefully credits each of the original photographers who took the negative: George Barnard, Timothy O’Sullivan, William R. Pywell, W. Morris Smith, David Knox, and D.B. Woodbury. As Stapp notes, Gardner viewed the text and photographs to function as an extended essay comprising images and explanatory text that worked together organically (ibid: 28). Volumes I and II of the Sketch Book are organized chronologically, covering the war in Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. Exhibited in New York shortly after the battle, these images dramatically brought home the carnage of the battle, and shocked American’s who previously had an abstract view of the War. It has been estimated that no more than 200 copies of the Sketch Book were produced. $15,000 - $20,000 BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

THE CIVIL WAR | Large Format Images

81 Alexander Gardner, Two Photographs of Dead Rebel Sharpshooters at Gettysburg Lot of 2 albumen photographs attractively matted and framed together, 21 x 30 in. overall. Titles include: A Sharp-Shooter’s Last Sleep, at the Battle of Gettysburg, 8.75 x 6.75 in., on 11 x 9 in. imprinted mount noting negative by James F. Gibson, positive by Gardner, Washington, from Gardner’s Incidents of the War series, copyrighted 1863. Later published as Plate No. 40 in Gardner’s Photographic Sketch Book of the Civil War.

Dead Rebel Sharpshooter at Gettysburg, 8.25 x 6.25 in., on 11 x 9 in. imprinted mount with title and detailed description of the view, published by Taylor & Huntington, Hartford, CT, from the War for the Union Photographic History series. Although lacking a credit, the photograph was produced by Gardner, and is published as Plate No. 41 in his Photographic Sketch Book of the Civil War. Both classic images of the Civil War, though controversy still surrounds the “staged” character of each scene. $3,000 - $5,000

82 Alexander Gardner, Albumen Photograph of Civil War Surgeon John H. Brinton Albumen photograph, 8.75 x 6.75 in., on 17 x 11.5 in. mount credited to A. Gardner, Photographer, Washington. A fine, outdoor view of John H. Brinton and his staff, taken in Petersburg, VA, in October 1864.

The scion of the intellectual and social elite in Philadelphia, Brinton (1832-1907) was trained as a physician at the University of Pennsylvania and rose rapidly in the Union medical establishment.

Unusually, he served in both theaters of war, serving under Grant during the campaigns of Fort Donelson, Shiloh, and Corinth, then in Washington and Virginia for Second Bull Run and Antietam, through Gettysburg and the Valley, before returning to the west.

Brinton is best known for going to Gettysburg, at the request of the surgeon general, in order to report back his observations on medical techniques, burials and, more importantly, to collect the amputated limbs of the wounded and have them shipped in barrels back to Washington for the benefit of the newly founded US Medical Museum. While at Gettysburg, Brinton is also known to have aided the wounded soldiers. $600 - $800

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THE CIVIL WAR | Large Format Images

83 Massachusetts 43rd Volunteers, Two Albumen Photographs Taken at Camp Rogers, New Bern, North Carolina, By Lieutenant G.H. Nickerson Lot features 2 rare albumen photographs, each on original mount with the following imprint: Camp Rogers./ Encampment of the 43d Regiment Mass. Vols./ Newbern, NC, March 12, 1863, photographed

by Lieutenant. G.H. Nickerson, printed by Black, and copyrighted May 12, 1863. The first albumen features a distant view of the 43rd Massachusetts Volunteers in square formation, 11 x 9 in., framed, 15.25 x 14.5 in.; and second outdoor view of the regiment lined up, 11.25 x 9.125 in., on 15 x 12.75 in. mount, given by Private William Waters Sprague to possibly Frederick L. Stevens of the 42nd and 62nd Massachusetts Volunteers, as indicated by penciled notes on mount verso. Accompanied by correspondence from Nickerson.

Census records indicate that Lieutenant George Hathaway Nickerson (1835-1890) listed himself as a photographer in Louisville, KY in 1860. According to his enlistment records, however, Nickerson resided in Orleans, MA in 1862 but still registered his occupation as a

photographer. He enlisted in the army as a 2nd lieutenant on August 13, 1862 and was commissioned into the 43rd Massachusetts Infantry, Co. E. Although he fought in the war he remained passionate about photography. From Newbern, NC he wrote to his parents about a photographer’s visit to camp.

Friday morning we had some photographs taken of the camp and the regiment. We were taken three times, the first time the regiment were on the march, marching in column by companies, guns at right shoulder shift, the second we were formed in a hollow square at “charge bayonets” the third was at dress parade standing at “parade rest” I understand they take a great many to be struck off, and sold to the regiment, If they do and they are good ones I will send home some (March 30, 1863).

He discusses photographs involving the regiment in an additional letter included with the lot. In June 1863, Nickerson was promoted to 1st lieutenant and served in that position until he mustered out of service on July 30, 1863 at Readville, MA. After the war, he continued to photograph, in particular he worked on a series of stereoviews of the maritime community. $900 - $1,200

84 Albumen Photograph, Drum Corps of 10th Veteran Reserve Corps Albumen photograph, 9.5 x 6.75 in., on 13.5 x 10.5 in. mount with inked title, Drum Corps of 10th Veteran Reserve Corps./ Washington, DC, June, 1865. Although lacking a studio imprint, the photograph capturing members of the drum corps at leisure is credited to William Morris Smith.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy 85 Jefferson Davis ALS, January 1856 Davis, Jefferson (1808-1889). Sole President of the Confederate States of America (1861-1865). ALS, 1p, 3.75 x 6 in., headed Unofficial, N.p.

January 27, 1856. To Thos Lawson, Brig Genl. & Surg. Genl. US Army.

Cover for another item. In full: My Dear Genl. I send you the enclosed letter of Mr. Blodgett and article of an abolition newspaper for your information. The one shows how we got into the other.

Jefferson Finis Davis was a member of congress (both House and Senate at various times) and US Secretary of War before becoming President of the Confederacy. This note would date from his tenure as Secretary of War (1853-57, under Franklin Pierce). He attended the USMA, graduating in June 1828. He served until 1835 (when he resigned to marry the daughter of his commanding officer, Zachary Taylor). He returned to service during the Mexican War, experience that helped prepare him for the post of Secretary of War. $600 - $800

86 Judah P. Benjamin, Confederate Secretary of War, ALS, July 1861 Benjamin, Judah P. (1811-1884). First Jewish US Senator (LA, 1853-61), 1st CSA Attorney General (1861), 2nd CSA Secretary of War. (1861-62), 3rd CSA Secretary of State (1862-65). ALS, 1p, 6.25 x 7.75 in. (sight), Richmond. July 6, 1861. On Confederate States of America Department of Justice letterhead. Addressed to Virginia Governor John Letcher (1813-1884). Matted and framed, 17.5 x 14.5 in.

Benjamin writes, in part: Will you be good enough to look over the statement made by me in the case of WH Hurlbert and make a decision in his matter which seems to be confided to your discretion. I cannot help thinking that great wrong and injustice are being done to Hurlbert. He is a simple acquaintance of mine, and I have no interest or feeling in the matter except that natural to every honest man, a desire to see justice done. Yours very truly, J.P. Benjamin.

Benjamin was a wealthy North Carolinian slave owner, an advocate for slavery, and dual citizen of the United Kingdom and the United States. He enjoyed a successful career in law and politics and served as Senator for the State of Louisiana. William H. Hurlbert, a fellow North Carolinian and former chief editorial writer for The New York Times, was an acquaintance of Benjamin’s who endeavored to have a private audience with him to convey the dire consequences of a Civil War. Deaf to Hurlbert’s urgings, Benjamin rejected the idea of peace.

Defeated, Hurlbert visited his sister in North Carolina one last time.

Unfortunately, he was arrested and imprisoned before he could return North. Although Benjamin viewed Hurlbert’s treatment as unjust, he rejected any sort of relationship with him to preserve his political position. Hurlbert managed to escape prison and return to the Union by the Underground Railroad almost two years later. He published a series of articles about his dramatic experience in the South in the New York Times. (http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/09/29/ henry-hurlbert-and-the-diary-of-a-public-man/?_r=0.) $2,000 - $3,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy 87 Robert E. Lee ALS to Virginian Author Edward A. Pollard, September 1866 Lee, Robert E. (1807-1870). General of the Confederate States Army. ALS, 2pp, 6 x 9 in. (framed), Lexington, VA. September 29, 1866. Addressed to Virginia author Edward A. Pollard, who had written Lee requesting some materials for a history he planned to author. Lee responded by informing Pollard that he had little-to-no material that would be useful to him. Pollard is most famous for authoring The Lost Cause in 1866, followed up

by The Lost Cause Regained in 1868. Each gave two different descriptions of the causes of the war and the nature of Southern society. The letter offered in the lot could be related to gathering materials for either of the volumes. $2,000 - $4,000

88 Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson ANS, Chancellorsville, May 1, 1863, Plus Probe Purportedly Used to Find Bullet that Struck Jackson Lot featuring a medical probe, approx. 5 in. long, “stitched” to an ANS on Order of the Stars and Bars letterhead, Shreveport, LA, December 31, 1898. The note states: This probe was used to probe for bullet in Gen. Stonewall Jackson’s left arm night of May 2, 1862 at Chancellorsville 3 hours after he was shot by his own men. Signed O.R. Gellette Aid [sic] de camp to Gen. Jackson. Accompanied by an approx. 4 x 6 in. piece of red paper affixed below the probe with Chancellorsville May 1st 1863 / Maj. Gellette deliver to Gen. Lee attached message. T.J. Jackson in pencil (a bit difficult to read on the red, but the Confederacy was using whatever was at hand). The paper has now released from the letter and is placed in mylar folder.

The lot also includes a large folder containing 11 x 17 in. photocopy sheets from the Louisiana State Archives with copies of Gellette’s extended story of service, how he and two others heard the shot and ran to Jackson’s side, then carried him about one and a half miles to a brick building. Gellette states that the men he served with are all gone, but there are many others who know him. Much of this archive contains letters from people who vouch for Gellette’s character (honesty, reliability, etc.).

There is still some disagreement over what happened the night of May 2, with a number of stories about who actually pulled the trigger.

About the only point that seems to be agreed upon was that the shots fired were a “friendly fire” mistake, likely in part because darkness had fallen. The doctors failed to find the bullets and Jackson’s arm was amputated the following day. However, pneumonia set in and he died eight days later, on the Sabbath as the devout General had wished.

General Lee is reported to have sent a message through Chaplain Lacy to Jackson before he died stating that Jackson may have lost his left arm, but he had lost his right. He made a statement to the same effect to his cook when he learned of Jackson’s death. $4,000 - $6,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Union | Generals 89 Ulysses S. Grant, ANS as Major General, June 13, 1863 Grant, Ulysses S. (1822-1885). President of the United States (1869-1877). Commanding General of the United States Army (1864-1869). ANS, 1p, 7.75 x 2.5 in., laid down on paper backing, Milliken’s Bend (Louisiana). June 13, 1863.

Addressed to Brigadier General Dennis, ordering him to drive the enemy from Richmond and reinforce General Mower. Signed U.S. Grant/ Maj. Gen. The Battle of Richmond occurred two days later, on June 15, 1863. Framed, 13.5 x 8.5 in. From Hanover, NH estate.

See also Lots 260-262 for additional Grant autographs. $1,500 - $3,000

90 Major General Ambrose Burnside ANsS Mentioning Confederate Prisoners, 1863 Burnside, Ambrose (1824-1881). Major General of the United States Army. 2 ANsS on Department of Ohio stationary, dated July 23 and 26, 1863, mentioning Confederate prisoners. The notes read: July 23, 1863 Guards will pass New York and Capt Slocum/Sloan(?) to the city(?) Prison to see the rebel prisoners for 1/2 hour.

July 26, 1863 Lieut S. B. Johston D. & other Gens will proceed to the city and converse with Lieut Michael Bartum(?)- a prisoner of war for half a hour. $400 - $600

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Union | Generals

91 Brigadier General James Sanks Brisbin, Civil War Archive Featuring Letter Describing the Bloody Gettysburg Campaign Lot of 95, comprised of 93 letters written by Brigadier General James Sanks Brisbin to his wife, Jane, from 1862-1865; 2 autographed battlefield plans for the Battle of Bull Run, approx. 7.75 x 10 in., and Operations on the North Anna River, 9.25 x 9 in.; Brisbin’s presidential appointment as major, with stamped signatures of President Andrew Johnson and Secretary of War Edwin Stanton, dated August 20, 1866; and supplementary research documents including copies of other correspondence from Brisbin.

Anti-slavery orator James Sanks Brisbin used words as weapons. He also used a rifle. At the onset of the Civil War, Brisbin enlisted as a 2nd lieutenant on March 26, 1861 and was commissioned into the 1st Cavalry, US Army. He literally bled for the cause when the enemy shot him in his side and arm at the First Battle of Bull Run. It was the first of many wounds he earned in combat. His superiors praised him for his valor on the battlefield and promoted him to captain of the 6th US Cavalry in August 1861. Weary from battle, he wrote to his wife, I think I dated my letter yesterday evening I made it the 13th when it is only the 12th for the soul of me I cant tell what day of the week—We do not keep count of the days—We rarely know when Sunday comes—all days are alike to me and everybody else here (Camp in the Field 6th US Cavalry Near Richmond, VA, August 12, 1862).

Being a soldier was not glamorous. Sometimes, it was a very dirty job. I do not look just now like anything you ever saw except a very filthy hog, wrote Brisbin. I don’t think any one would fall in love with me in my present condition I think if we were to meet you would hesitate putting your arms around me if you did they would be apt to stick fast (Camp 46

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in the Field 6th US Cavalry Near Richmond, VA, August 12, 1862).

However, sometimes being a soldier could be quite romantic. In an amazing occurrence, a woman in the 1st Cavalry, Co. B managed to disguise herself as a soldier for six months. He explained: She is the wife of a private soldier in that Co…and no one but her husband knew who she was. She has been a good soldier and been in two battles.

She did her duty faithfully and no one or a moment supposed her to be a woman. She looks like a boy of sixteen has black hair and eyes and is quiet and modest and [illegible] wonder why she was not discovered sooner but officers do not suspect such things and in the regular service we have so little to say to our men a woman might be in a Co. a year and the officers not know it. She enlisted to be with her husband and escaped the examining surgeon—She will be sent off immediately as it is against Army regulations for a woman to be a soldier (Camp in the Field 6th US Cavalry Near Richmond, VA, August 12, 1862).

The spring of 1862 resulted in several demoralizing Union losses.

Brisbin loved his country, but blamed Washington for the recent failures rather than his leader, General George McClellan. McClellan’s men loved him more than Lincoln did. McClellan frequently delayed his attacks which allowed the Confederate Army to rebuild. The sluggish strategy led to a series of embarrassing defeats, which risked his position. Lincoln removed McClellan as General-in-Chief and replaced him with Henry Halleck. Lincoln eventually gave the Army of the Potomac to General John Pope. Disgruntled about the treatment of his beloved general, Brisbin wrote to his wife: When McDowell got thrashed at Bull Run they sent for Mac to come and save Washington he came and fixed up their army for them and BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Union | Generals then they threatened him like a dog and got Pope well Pope got hell and sent for Washington and his army at his heels the Govt. got scared and telegraphed to McClellan to come quick and save Washington he came drove back the rebels followed them back to Antietam and with the very men that they had licked under Pope McClellan licked them and was driving them back to Richmond but as soon as the Govt. and Washington felt it was safe it began on “Little Mac” again and finally turned him off again don’t be surprised when if it should happen the Govt. will begin to shake and call on Little Mac to come and save them and Little Mach will come for he is a good man and loves his country dearly (Bull Plain, VA, December 1, 1862).

Failing to learn from his past mistakes, McClellan still waited too long to attack his enemies. At Bull Plain, VA, Brisbin participated in an agonizing delay. Every day we lay here the rebels are improving by making their works stronger—what we are waiting on no one knows—I doubt we are going to cross here at all, wrote Brisbin (Bull Plain, VA, December 1, 1862). Yet, he still did not blame McClellan for the poor choice.

As McClellan’s career began to decline, Brisbin’s steadily rose. On June 9, 1863 he was brevetted a major for his conduct at Beverly Ford, VA. Rising through the ranks allowed him to keep impressive company, but did not keep him from risking his life on the field. From Rappahannock Station he wrote: I brought General Meade dispatch of the operations of the army yesterday.

At dawn of day we marched and soon the whole line began skirmishing the Rebels are in force. The fight yesterday afternoon was quite heavy…I saw a good many wounded come to the rear…The guns opened up this morning and as I came back here there was heavy firing…I hope the victory will be ours. The fighting will last 4 or 5 days. The Rebels are strong but we are stronger…I hope I will be spared (Rappahannock Station, November 28, 1863).

He was spared, but many officers and soldiers did not share the same fortune. Two of Brisbin’s friends, Lieutenant Boaz and Captain Cram, were briefly captured by the enemy during the Battle of Fairfield which was part of the Gettysburg Campaign. When they returned to camp, Brisbin wrote his wife about their experience: [Lt. Boaz] got off one night and ran into the mountains Penna(?) and a union woman hid him in her garret and help him until the Rebel Army had all passed by. The rebels were in the home three times hunting for him but did not find him. He was laying under a pile of rags and old clothes. He has been in the mountain four days and is nearly dead. Cram they made him walk until he fell down from fatigue and then they took his boots and hat and paroled him poor Cram looks bad as he has an old straw hat with the

crown half out and a big pair of n****** shoes he gave an old n***** ten dollars for his shoes they are a mile to big for him and all patched over (Frederick, MD, July 12, 1863).

Many men and officers also died. There are now only eight men and two officers in the whole Regt—is not that truly awful, wrote Brisbin.

Only three are left in my company…so I have no Regt to command…

The regiment has covered itself with glory but few are left to tell of its great deeds. Oh it makes me sick to think of the slaughter of the old sixth—how I love it—may God save the few that are left (Frederick, MD, July 12, 1863).

With no men left to command, he planned to speak with Meade and request he send him with Hooker. The army thought otherwise. He remained with the 6th until he accepted a commission as a colonel of the 5th US Colored Cavalry on March 1, 1864. He participated in the Red River Campaign in Louisiana under the direction of General Alberts and received two promotions in the month of December; brigadier general by brevet and lieutenant colonel by brevet.

Throughout 1865, he received a series of promotions, reaching the rank of brigadier general on May 1, 1865. The archive offered ends with his Civil War service.

According to the Montana Historical Society, Brisbin remained in the regular army after the war, aiding in the establishment of the Freedman’s Bureau and in organizing the colored regiments. In 1868 he was stationed in the west. In an earlier letter offered in the lot, he encouraged his wife to practice her riding every day so she could go along when [he went] out on an Indian chase (Camp in the Field 6th US Cavalry Near Richmond, VA, August 12, 1862). He participated in many Indian chases there. Brisbin had such a fear of losing his wife, she most certainly did not join him on his pursuits.

However, she most certainly enjoyed riding with him through the plains. She died at Fort McKinney in 1887. Brisbin offered his services to General Custer before his defeat at Little Big Horn. Custer refused, and declining Brisbin’s offer most likely saved Brisbin’s life or career.

From 1868 until the time of his death in 1892, he served in the northwestern United States as an officer in several cavalry regiments, including the 2nd, 9th, 1st, and 8th regiments. During his western career, he was a staff officer, battalion or squadron commander, post commander, and regimental commander. He served at Fort D.A. Russell, Fort Pease on the Yellowstone River, Boise Barracks, Omaha Barracks, Camp Stambaugh, Fort Ellis, Fort Assiniboine, Fort Keogh, Fort Custer, Fort Niobrara, Fort Robinson, Fort McKinney, and finally at Fort Meade in South Dakota. (Information obtained from Archives West: James Sanks Brisbin Papers, October 1, 2016.) $8,000 - $10,000

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COLONEL JOSEPH C. AUDENRIED ARCHIVE Colonel Joseph C. Audenried Lots 92-97, 99 Born into a well to do Philadelphia family, Joseph C. Audenried (1839-1880) enjoyed a privileged seat at the table of history. Handsome, intelligent, and supremely efficient, he made the most of his innate talents and good fortune as he built a truly unique career, becoming one of the most trusted members of the staff of Major General William T. Sherman.

A career military man, Audenried graduated 17th in his class at West Point in 1861, and was immediately commissioned 1st lieutenant in the 3rd US Cavalry; however his talents soon attracted the interest of his superiors, and for two years, he served on the staff of one division commander after another. His first staff position was as aide-de-camp to Brigadier General Daniel Tyler, one of the Division commanders at the First Battle of Bull Run, and despite the ignominious defeat there -- for which Tyler was substantially held to blame -- Audenried remained a valued officer. In the late summer, he transferred onto the staff of the 2nd US Artillery in the defenses of Washington, DC, and then in March 1862, he transferred again to the staff of the 1st Cavalry Brigade of the Army of the Potomac under Brigadier General William H. Emory, and four months later to the staff of the 2nd Army Corps under Major General Edwin V. “Bull” Sumner, earning a promotion to captain.

Under Sumner, Audenried witnessed the shocking combat of the late summer months and the unfolding of the Maryland Campaign. In the hellish West Woods at Antietam, he was seriously wounded and obliged to leave the field, but was cited by Sumner for his gallantry. He returned to the 2nd Corps to take part at Fredericksburg, but when Sumner was voluntarily relieved of duty in March 1863, Audenried moved on. After a brief stint under John Wool, he traveled to the western theater to serve under Ulysses S. Grant, and took part in the fall of Vicksburg and pursuit through Tennessee. Finally, in October 1863, Audenried was transferred under Major General William T. Sherman, never again leaving his staff for the remainder of his life. With Sherman, Audenried took part in the Chattanooga and Knoxville Campaigns, the Atlanta Campaign, and the famous March to the Sea and March through the Carolinas.

During the course of the Civil War, Audenried had the distinction of serving under the most illustrious officers in the Union army and was recognized three times for gallant and meritorious service with brevet promotions to captain, major (Atlanta) and lieutenant colonel (war service). Although he married 18-year old Mary Colket in 1863 and had a daughter, Florence, in 1867, he apparently never considered settling down to a civilian life, nor did he leave Sherman’s side for long. Promoted to captain of the 6th Cavalry in July 1866, headquartered in St. Louis, he participated in the Indian wars in the west under Sherman’s command, earning a promotion to colonel in March 1869, and when Sherman was promoted to lieutenant general when Grant was elected president, Audenried went along, moving to Washington, DC. A sophisticated, polished figure, handsome and popular, Audenried was well known and well respected in the capitol. He accompanied Sherman and Grant’s son, Fred, on a diplomatic and military tour of Europe in 1871-1872 to build ties with foreign governments and review their armies.

As early as 1876, however, Audenried began to display the signs of serious, but unknown illness, and at the age of 41, on June 3, 1880, he died in Washington.

Poised at the heart of American military power, the Audenried Archive is a historically important assemblage offering insight into the mind and personality of the top brass in the army from the Civil War through the Indians Wars, with particular insight into the enigmatic William T. Sherman.

An exceptional survival from the most trusted staff member of one of the most distinguished officers in the nineteenth century US Army.

92 West Point Certificate of Graduation for Joseph C. Audenried, Plus Lot of 3, including: Certificate of Graduation, United States Military Academy, for Joseph C. Audenried. Graduation was July 1, 1861 - just in time to join the war just underway. Official copy executed at West Point, January 14, 1915, nicely calligraphed. Matted and framed, 16 x 21.25 in. (sight), 24 x 30 in. overall.

Certificate for the Dialectic Society, USMA, West Point, NY, June 19, 1861.

Vellum, 16.5 x 22 in., with pink ribbon and paper seal lower left. Signed Henry C. Wharton, President and Wm B. Barnard, Secretary.

Certificate of Membership in the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States (MOLLUS), No. 1655. Dated November 3, 1875. Heavy paper, 18 x 23 in., with red paper seal. Signed John P. Nicholson, Recorder-in-Chief and Winfield Scott Hancock (1824-1889), Commander-in-Chief.

Archive of Colonel Joseph C. Audenried $500 - $700

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COLONEL JOSEPH C. AUDENRIED ARCHIVE 93 Abraham Lincoln Appointment Signed as President for Joseph C. Audenried, March 1865 Lincoln, Abraham (1809-1865). President of the United States (18611865). DS, 1p, 14.75 x 19 in. (sight), with embossed seal affixed upper left, Washington. March 22, 1865. Appointment of Joseph C. Audenried as Major by Brevet...to rank as such from January 12, 1865.

Signed by Lincoln as President and Edwin Stanton (1814-1869) as Secretary of War (1862-1868). Matted and framed, 24 x 29.75 in. See also Lots 241-244 for additional Lincoln autographs and manuscripts.

Archive of Colonel Joseph C. Audenried $3,000 - $5,000

94 Society of the Army of the Tennessee Certificate Signed by W.T. Sherman, for Colonel Joseph C. Audenried, 1868 Escutcheon-type certificate for the Society of the Army of the Tennessee, 19 x 24 in., on heavy paper. Central panel surrounded by various martial scenes of battles - marching armies, artillery; plus portraits of U.S. Grant (center), W.T. Sherman (u.l.), James B. McPherson (u.r.), John A. Logan (l.r.), Oliver O. Howard (l.l.) and patriotic images, such as a bald eagle. The certificate/poster indicates that the Society was Organized April 25th, 1865 at Raleigh, N. Carolina. And certifies that Colonel J.C. Audenried, Aide-de-Camp to the General of the Army is a member of the society, dated December 15, 1868. Signed L.M. Dayton as Secretary and W.T. Sherman as President.

The Army of the Tennessee was a Western Theater unit. Initially it was under the command of Ulysses S. Grant, until he became commander of all the Union Armies. The Army of the Tennessee fought many bloody battles, including Fort Donelson, Shiloh, Corinth, Iuka, Vicksburg, Chattanooga, and the Atlanta Campaign on Sherman’s “March to the Sea,” among many others.

Archive of Colonel Joseph C. Audenried $300 - $500

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COLONEL JOSEPH C. AUDENRIED ARCHIVE

95 Colonel Joseph C. Audenried’s Handwritten Memoirs of His Civil War Service & European Tour of 1871 Brown leather bound compilation, titled in gilt on cover, Journal./ Jos. C. Audenried,/ Colonel & Aide-De-Camp./ United States Army, partial title in gilt on spine, single volume, approx. 330pp. Handwritten final drafts of Audenried’s memoirs, divided into two sections, the first titled, Jos. C. Audenried/ Colonel & Aide-de-Camp, Staff General W.T. Sherman/ Commdg. US Army, Head quarters of the Army/ Washington, DC/ December 17th 1873; the second section titled, General Sherman in Europe and the East/ by Jos. C. Audenried.

The first section begins with Audenried’s arrival at West Point in 1857 and his early military experience during the Civil War. A few passages read: At the time of my admittance to the Military Academy, peace and plenty reigned through out the United States and War seemed a thing almost impossible. On the 24th of June 1861 I graduated at West Point. The year previous the difficulties at Harper’s Ferry occasioned by the raid of John Brown, had greatly excited the Cadets from the South and they were accordingly very bitter towards the North and the abolitionists. I frequently heard the cheer “Hurrah for a Southern Confederacy” without knowing what it implied...

En route to Yorktown, the enemy had buried shells, so arranged as to explode the moment anything struck them. Among these we passed with great good luck only one man and horse were hurt. Passing down a deep cut in the road we found a pile of abandoned stores burning. Among these were shells which occasionally exploded making a very disagreeable gauntlet to run...About four miles from Williamsburg, we encountered the enemy pretty strong in Cavalry...

At Fredericksburg, I rode among [Sumner’s staff ] and never during all the war did I come under heavier fire of musketry. The bullets seemed to hiss by one in every direction, and I closed my mouth each moment expecting each moment to get my death wound. I am glad to remember now how perfectly calm I was at that critical moment. I felt a blow to my leg and thinking a retreating soldier had run against me, I looked down quickly and saw the blood upon my sabre. I knew then that I was wounded....

He goes on in further detail about many major battles, including the Battle of Bull Run, and other encounters while under enemy fire.

In the second section, Audenried’s account of his military and diplomatic tour of Europe as aide-de-camp to W.T. Sherman, is 50

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distinguished by keen insight and polished writing. Whether traveling in western, southern, eastern, or central Europe or the Levant, Audenried displays a fascination with the exoticism of everyday life mixed with the condescension of an upper class American, making for great reading on every page.

Selecting a few passages to provide a sense of the writing and content of the diary: Visiting the Gypsy Quarter in Granada, he wrote: We passed through the Gypsy Quarter. The habitations of these people are caves made in the side hills which being composed of sand and clay are easily excavated.

Windows, doors, and a kind of chimney are added, and in such places live the peoples, donkeys, hogs, and the live stock possessed by each family.

These people are inveterate gamblers and the children immediately beset us begging for alms and threw stones at us when we did not respond....

While gathered with the military and political hoi polloi of Spain, Audenried and Sherman met a general of the Spanish army whom he had met while the general toured the Army of the Potomac during the Civil War. When they were led in to meet the King of Spain, they were not impressed with what they saw: we passed thro one small room into another where we were presented to the King, (Amadeo, son of the King of Italy, and one year King of Spain). His manner was cordial and he shook us each by the hand. Some little conversation took place in Spanish, which language the General speaks...I judged him to be about thirty. He was tall, thin, and awkward in his manner and wore his beard full and his hair parted in the middle... Much more.

In Florence, Audenried and company met a curious cast of creative artists, including the great operatic prima donna from Albany, NY, Emma Albani; the brother of the British writer Anthony Trollope; and the renowned sculptor Hiram Powers:Mr. Powers received us in his hearty, simple manner, he wrote, and though his hair and beard are quite gray, his large brown eyes were full of great fire. He worked only an hour each day. One of his sons follows the profession of his father while another is a photographer. We went into the house to see his family and met Mrs. Powers, a married daughter, two unmarried, the youngest being very pretty, a daughter-in-law, and three lovely little granddaughters...

More notably, they also met an aging Jenny Lind, the former singing sensation living in semi-retirement: During our stay in Florence we had the great pleasure to attend a Musical at Jenny Lind Goldsmith’s who was living in apartments on the second floor of a house looking on the BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

COLONEL JOSEPH C. AUDENRIED ARCHIVE Arno. I was particularly anxious to see her and being ushered into the reception room was received by a sprightly German woman with quick grey eyes rather sharp and firm face and who had the average height of woman. She was dressed in a pearl colored satin, trimmed with lace and red ribbons, and wore on her head a red bow, which was fastened on by several large hair pins... I asked if she ever intended to return to America and was told that the journey was too long. She spoke most affectionately of that country... [hears her sing and accompany herself ] To me her singing was charming, but as I had never heard her I could not compare her voice with what it had been.

When in Rome, they secured an audience with Pope Pius IX: When he came to us he was very gracious and immediately told us to rise. He spoke a moment in French to the General and taking hold of the button on my uniform asked what the bird on it was. He was informed that it represented The Great American Eagle.

Messina, Malta, and Egypt followed, with a long account of touring city and villages, pyramids, mosque, the tomb of Mehmet Ali, then Constantinople, Russia, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, France, England and Ireland.

An extraordinary travel diary in its own right, well written, observant, long and detailed, and filled with fascinating details.

Archive of Colonel Joseph C. Audenried $5,000 - $7,000

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COLONEL JOSEPH C. AUDENRIED ARCHIVE

96 William T. Sherman Signed Portrait, Inscribed to Colonel Joseph C. Audenried Fine photographic enlargement of General W.T. Sherman, enhanced with watercolors, 16.25 x 21.25 in. (sight), matted and framed, 22.5 x 27.5 in. Inscribed and signed in lower margin, To Colonel J.C. Audenried, A.D.C. / With Compliments of / W.T. Sherman, General Comd., US Army / Washington DC / February 18, 1874.

Archive of Colonel Joseph C. Audenried $1,500 - $3,000

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COLONEL JOSEPH C. AUDENRIED ARCHIVE

Detail

97 Memoirs of General W.T. Sherman, Signed and Inscribed to Colonel and Aide-de-Camp Joseph C. Audenried Sherman, William T. (1820-1891). Memoirs of General W.T. Sherman Vols. I and II. New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1875. Original blue cloth cover with gold and black lettering, Vol. I, 410pp., 6pp ads. Kossak, Cap. William and John Buller. Military Map Showing the Marches of the United States Forces under Command of Maj. Genl. W.T. Sherman, U.S.A. During

the Years 1863, 1864, 1865..., uncolored, approx. 30 x 47 in. in pocket on rear cover; Vol. II, 405pp, 2pp ads. Vol. I inscribed on FFEP to Sherman’s aide-de-camp J.C. Audenried, in partial recognition of his constant intelligent and unwavering adherence to [his] fortunes since the eventful campaign of Vicksburg.

Archive of Colonel Joseph C. Audenried $500 - $700

98 W.T. Sherman, Twice Signed Cabinet Photograph Cabinet card of W.T. Sherman in full military dress with his sword by his side, signed on mount recto, W.T. Sherman, General, 1889. Mount verso signed and inscribed in ink, To Miss Jessie McNamera(?) with kindest compliments of W.T. Sherman, General, New York, March 26, 1889.

Copyrighted 1888 by Sarony, New York. $1,000 - $1,500

Detail

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COLONEL JOSEPH C. AUDENRIED ARCHIVE 99 Colonel Joseph C. Audenried, Personal Papers and Ornate Family Bible Over 110 items pertaining to Joseph C. Audenried and his family, featuring 100+ letters and documents involving Audenried’s search for family history. Other documents include an ALS from Samuel H.M. Byers, author of the poem “Sherman’s March to the Sea,” Zurich, January 30, 1874; sympathy note from First Lady Lucy W. Hayes; Special Order signed by Major Theodore Talbot, July 9, 1861; 3 Special Orders signed by Adjutant General E.D. Townsend in 1863; several letters and sketches of Audenried’s resting place and the contracts for his tomb; a framed General Order 45 announcing his death; a Special Order signed by William W.M. Henry, Acting Assistant Adjutant General to General Schofield on June 5, 1880, announcing funeral arrangements; and an ornate family Bible.

Audenried’s diplomatic and military tour of Europe in 1871-1872 inspired him to trace his family lineage, and between 1873-1874, he wrote many dignitaries and local officials inquiring about his European lineage. Over 100 letters in the lot consist of responses to Audenried’s many letters, answering inquiries about his lineage, many in German. Also present is the end result: Audenried, Colonel Joseph Crain, Supplemented by his Niece Jane Audenried Fitler. The Audenried Genealogy with the Allied Families of Musche, Wills, Wallace and Fulton. Philadelphia: Privately printed, 1933. 8vo, green cloth with gilt lettering, 132pp, including folding chart.

The lot contains Colonel Audenried’s Bible, Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co. 4to, bound in deeply embossed leather with gilt, gilt doublures over printed endpapers, all edges embossed and gilt. The front has gilt Grand Parent’s Gift / March 21, 1866. On the genealogy record in the center of the Bible, Audenreid has recorded his and Mary Jane’s marriage, March 21, 1866 (making this a wedding gift); his birth, his wife’s birth and the birth of their daughter, Florence. Someone (likely his wife) recorded Colonel Audenried’s death on the third page.

As early as 1876, Audenried began to display the signs of a serious, but unknown illness, and at the age of 41, on June 3, 1880, he died in Washington. Many in Washington mourned his death and wrote his bereft widow, Mary. My dear Ms. Audenried, wrote first lady Lucy W. Hayes, In this hour of great sorrow may I express my earnest sympathies with you and your dear daughter.

Audenried’s time spent at West Point brought such beloved memories that his widow placed his body inside a beautifully carved granite monument on the school grounds. The plans for the monument,

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several contracts, and letters discussing the plans of his burial are included in the lot. There are photos, most copies, which are likely associated with the funeral. They are mostly of people Audenried knew at West Point, a photo of his rifle and case, his epaulets, a small photo of his commission on graduation from USMA, and his monument at the cemetery. On the day of his funeral, Major General Schofield issued General Order No. 19, which explained Audenried’s funeral arrangements and order of procession.

There are likely still treasures remaining to be discovered in this large group of family papers.

Archive of Colonel Joseph C. Audenried $800 - $1,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Massachusetts

100 Corporal Charles C. Derrick, 32nd Massachusetts Infantry, KIA Petersburg, Civil War Archive Lot of 57, featuring 54 letters from Corporal Charles Derrick, 32nd Regiment, killed in action June 18, 1864 near Petersburg, VA, including 45 to his mother Sophie Derrick, and 9 to his brother John; plus 2 letters to Mrs. Derrick from Sergeant Isaac W. Smith and a single letter to Derrick’s family from Sergeant William F. Tuttle, each containing information concerning Derrick’s death and his sergeant’s thoughts about him.

Although immersed in the bloodshed, carnage and mayhem of the Civil War, Corporal Derrick maintained his devotion to his family, his country and the Lord. He participated in dozens of skirmishes and major battles at Antietam, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg and the Wilderness. This correspondence offers a first person perspective of his two volatile years spent in the Army of the Potomac.

A few of Derrick’s words written to his mother and brother in Charlestown, MA provide insight to his thoughts on the war and other topics: On May 23, 1862 from Camp Potomac Creek, VA...for the rebels say that they should rather lost 20 thousand men than to have lost Jackson for he was a smart general...

On September 1, 1862 from Minor’s Hill, VA...I hope we will be coming home very soon because I am getting sick of soldiers life. It is an awful life.

It is worse than a slaves life.

An undated letter from Camp Near Sharpsburg, MD...all we can here is cannons and drums.

On November 27, 1862 from Camp Near Fredericksburg, VA...i had a dream about home and thought that a was eating pies and cakes and i wish I was to home today to help you eat some of the turkey that i suppose you have got but we have got some hard bread and coffe...

On December 17, 1862 from Camp Near Fredericksburg, VA...i may thank God that I am alive...I have just come out of battle...we was in battle of Fredericksburg...it was an awful site to see all the killed and wounded on field...there was about 15 or 20 thousand killed and wounded...the rebels was so strongly fortified that we could not drive them. They had brest works thron up.

On June 5, 1863 from Camp at Kempers Ford, VA...i have joust come of picket...and whe have to stay on picket 24 ours to a time and it is very easy duty i had some talk with the rebbels pickets yesterday whe was talking with them all day pickets don’t fire at each other for it is against the rules to fire on pickets i was fishing yesterday when i was on picket and the rebbels on the other side was fishing and we had quite nice time there whe was to enemy only about 100 feet apart...they say that Grant is surrounded and cant get out and we tell them Vicksburg is taken and they say it cant be taken they wont to no how whe like the war and they say that they are tired of it and wish it was over...they are all reservinists and they don’t like to see us come here but if it wasent for the armey a good of them would starve...

On July 4, 1863 on the battlefield near Gettysburg in Pennsylvania... on the night of the 2nd about 4 o’ clock we went into the fight it was one of the hardest fights ever whe had...edwin hall was the one was killed and me and 2 of the boys buried him this morning...it was an awful sight to see many killed lying on the field we have taken about 29 thousand prisoners and three of there best Generals Longstreet – A. P. Hill and Ewell...Thank the lord that he has spared my life through this awful battle A Confederate artillery shell ended life for Corporal Charles Derrick on June 18, 1864 near Petersburg, VA. His last letter to his mother on May 31, 1864 stated, i think that god is on my side lately.

Although he experienced unspeakable death, destruction and misery, he was convinced that the Union cause was just. These letters reveal a basic soldier who volunteered to defend his country in the bloodiest conflict in United States history. $2,000 - $4,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Massachusetts 101 Moses M. Ordway, 40th Massachusetts Volunteers, Civil War Archive Lot of 50+, featuring 35 letters from Moses Ordway to his brother Frank, written during his service with the Union army, many accompanied by envelopes, December 18, 1862-May 31, 1865; letter from J. G. Snelling, Surgeon In Charge, Chesapeake General [Military] Hospital to Ordway’s brother Frank; 2 letters from cousin G.W. Taylor relative to significant military service on Morris Island, SC; document from Oliver Warner, 14th Secretary of Massachusetts, appointing Gorham Tenney as Justice of the Peace, County of Essex; and 11 letters relative to Ordway’s carriage business following his military service, ca 1871-1888.

At the age of 20, Moses Ordway enlisted as a private on August 14, 1862, and by the end of the month, he mustered into the 40th Massachusetts Volunteers, Co. I. Ordway’s war-date correspondence relates not only his physical struggles with chronic diarrhea but also his increasing general disillusionment with the war and the army.

Several letters from the Chesapeake Military Hospital near Fort Monroe, VA describe his status. Ordway had been in bed for 2 weeks and said it is a terrible hard place for a sick man to get well in. He wrote that his weight had dropped to 80 pounds. Never thought I could stand so much pain and misery…The cold takes hold of me terribly. The wind whistles through the ward like an old barn.

He advised his brother, if you should get drafted claim disability...if that don’t work give $300...a soldier gets used like a dog.

Pay was always late. Ordway waited 18 months on one occasion. He often had to ask his brother Frank for money.

Ordway was appointed acting orderly sergeant about which he wrote, Don’t like to do the duty with neither rank nor pay. Later he wrote, if you are going to have a good company you don’t want your officers drunk all the time.

His disgust at soldiering was brought to a boiling point when on a ship, in uniform, as a paying passenger he saw a sign which read, Soldiers Not Allowed In Cabins Or Salons. After this he wrote his brother, If you are ever drafted you had better go to Canada.

102 Private James F. Shapleigh, Massachusetts 43rd Volunteers, 1863 Diary James F. Shapleigh was a 21-year-old carriage maker before he enlisted in the army as a private on August 25, 1861. After over a year of waiting for his regiment to form, he mustered into the 43rd MA Infantry, Co. D on September 12, 1862. The people of Boston paraded Shapleigh and his regiment down the street, waving their final goodbyes before they departed for the front. Shapleigh experienced fighting on several occasions and wrote about them in his daily journal. He describes being under fire, destroying the rebels’ largest gun, capturing prisoners, and the wounded. Finishing his term of service, he mustered out of service on July 30, 1863. The journal comprises almost his entire military career, excluding only four months of his term of service.

In the early part of the war, the Confederacy paid little attention to North Carolina, so Union forces were able to “set up” at New Bern (also Newbern, New Berne). They damaged the vital Wilmington and Weldon Railroad, so Lee had to pay attention to the region. After his success at Fredericksburg, he felt he could spare a few men to try to rout the Union forces from North Carolina.

The Union garrisons along the coast were under the command of Gen. John Foster. The first attack on New Bern failed, and the Confederate forces set up a siege, setting up blockades and obstructions along the rivers to impede Union reinforcements. One relief expedition under Gen. Prince saw the rebel batteries and turned around. Gen. Spinola made another effort, but was turned back at 56

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Above and beyond his negativism about soldiering, Ordway honored his pledge to defend the Union. He fought at Chapin’s Farm, Bermuda Hundred, and other battles. On picket duty he brought in 8 Jonnies including a major. He persevered through the long and horrible conflict to live and see the Union preserved, and mustered out at Richmond, VA, on June 16, 1865. $1,200 - $1,600

Blount’s Creek, returning to New Bern. Finally the USS Escort made its way past the batteries into Washington, delivering supplies and a Regiment of Rhode Island infantry. Two days later Foster made it back down to New Bern. At about the same time, the Confederate forces received requests for reinforcement, and left their siege positions.

Shapleigh describes the action from the front lines: [Wednesday April 1, 1863] On guard today ‘tis cold and windy. We have heard heavy firing at intervals all day in the direction of Little Washington. We with the other Regts. are under orders to march at an hours notice with 2 days rations. [Thursday 2] We encountered no troubles from the rebs yesterday although the firing continued until BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Vermont after sunset. Today all is quiet.... [Friday 3] The firing commenced again early this morning and continued about 5 hours. It is very cold and windy. The dust flies across the parade ground so thick that we could cut it with a knife.

The next couple days they had reviews.

[Tuesday 7] Struck tents this morning and this afternoon had battalion drill. Tonight we had just one to bed and put out the lights when the voice of the Lieut. aroused us with “fall in lively boys” orders to march with 3 days rations. [Wednesday 8] Last night we traveled to Newbern and were conveyed across the Neuse in transports, and camped for the rest of the night near fort Anderson. All night they kept bringing troops across the river and until noon to day. About 2 O’clock having a force of about ten thousand and the column was just in motion the 17th in advance. We was near Swift Creek . This morning we started at 6 on the road to Blount’s Creek, at 3 we arrived opposite the rebel battery. A brisk cannonade took place and our boys burst the Rebs biggest gun. Capt. Belger was wounded by a shell. About 4 we commenced retreating and marched til 10 before we camped. I never was so tired in my life. We had marched 30 miles since morning. Spinola was in command of the expedition.

[Saturday 11 - at this point he ignores the daily entries and writes in all spaces on the page] Yesterday morning about 7 we started for Newbern and arrived at camp Rogers about 4 P.M. The 17th had about 10 men wounded several of the artillery and 1 cavalry boy were wounded. None killed. We slept one night in camp.

This afternoon we had orders to start again with 3 days rations for Washington. This morning finds us in Pamlico river on steamer Thos.

Collyer. At noon we arrive near the rebel batteries which are on both sides of the river and anchored. Pretty soon one of the gunboats commenced shelling into the woods, the rebs were trying to get some cannon to bear on the transports but the gunboats “couldn’t see in that light.” Last night they tried to run the blockade with rations but ‘twas too foggy. This morning we fell back below Moll’s pt. at

noon two gunboats are shelling again up Blounts Creek by. We are now on board the steamer Phoenix. Cos. A and D came on board Sunday afternoon. Last night the steamer Escort with the 5th Rhode Island on board ran the blockade. She towed two schooners loaded with provisions and arrived safe at Washington although the batteries played on her “right smart.” Today we have ben [sic] put on board a Schooner, and those on the Thos. Collyer put on two others 4 Cos. on each and both steamers returned to Newbern. This morning the Escort came back past the batteries in daylight with Genl. Foster on board. She took 7 Cos. of the 43rd and went to Newbern leaving C, D & H to act as sharpshooters in case the schooners ran the blockade.

[Thursday 16] We were put on board another schooner yesterday with Co. C making 5 different crafts we have been on since we started on the 11th. It is pleasant today, but yesterday it rained all day and I was on guard. Stood 4 hours in the night on the schooner, but saw nothing. [Friday 17] A fine morning this. About noon a gunboat came down and towed the schooner up to Hills point, we landed and found 3 Cos. of the 44th already in possession of the rebel stronghold, which they must have left by fear of an attack in the rear. For the gunboats could never have shelled them out if they stayed in their holes.

[Saturday 18] Hot as mustard! This morning the 7 Cos. of the 43rd came back from Newbern on the Escort and went to Washington.

This afternoon they have been blowing up the rebel casemates & magazines. It made tremendous reports. [Sunday 19] About 830 this morning Genl. Heckman rode into our camp a little later and in came Genl. Foster. He had but a small force with him having sent some to Kinston & another force to Swifts Creek. He came through the reel battery at Blunts Creek. The rebs had evacuated it.

Shapleigh’s journal is literate, with few major spelling or grammatical issues (as is all too common in these). It is small and cramped, but entirely readable and contains many more lively descriptions throughout. $1,000 - $1,500

103 Corporal Azariah Barnes, 12th Vermont Volunteers, Co. D, Civil War and GAR Items Lot of 15+, featuring: 2 documents related to Azariah Barnes’ military service, including Civil War document, 11 x 8.5 in., discharging Private Barnes from Co. D, 12th Vermont Volunteers, July 14, 1863; second document, 14 x 8.25 in., appointing Barnes a corporal of Co. D, Vermont 7th Regiment, Infantry of the Militia, May 30, 1866.

The collection also includes 3 miniature tintype portraits of Barnes in civilian clothing, each approx. .75 x 1 in.; button attached to tag that reads, Button worn on cap of Azariah Barnes in the Civil War; personal identification tie or scarf slide in a shield design painted A.B. 12 VT Vol, carved by Barnes from laurel root, with a modern tag inscribed, Made

by Azariah Barnes of laurel root. He wore it on his tie, 1.5 x 1.75 in.; 2 brass and steel blood letting knives; .38 caliber bullet mold; leather cap box with two wire nipple cleaners and a spent .50 caliber bullet; blue and gold army hat cord; brass and leather measuring powder flask and dispenser; black tin powder can; post-war “companion” collapsible metal cup; GAR white leather belt with original brass buckle and clasp; and scraps from patriotic stationary Azariah Barnes enlisted on August 22, 1862 as a private and mustered into the 12th Vermont Volunteers, Co. D, also known as the Tunbridge Light Infantry, and served until he mustered out on July 14, 1863. He served for three months of Pickett duty along Bull Run and Cub Run and engaged in the Battle of Fairfax Court House against General J.E.B. Stuart’s Confederate cavalry. His company also guarded the corps trains near the Battle of Gettysburg while Companies B and G fought in the bloody battle. $500 - $800

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Rhode Island

104 George Carpenter, Collection of Chicago Letters, Ca 1857-1858 After failing in the comb business, George Carpenter left Seekonk, MA and ventured 9,000 miles West to Chicago, hoping to recover some of his lost luck. Chicago became an incorporated city in 1830. It received its first railroad and telegram in 1848, which prompted exponential growth. Its fast development affected the land and forced the city to raise its sinking streets in two stages. Carpenter entered the city during its second stage in 1857. He was, in a way, an architectural enthusiast and often commented in his letters about the buildings in the city and the happenings on the streets. In one letter to his sister, Jane, he described the road construction and city infrastructure: The streets are being graded and in awful condition, at present, the whole city is being raised out of the mud, the sidewalks before the old buildings are 4 ft. below the new, it tis up and down stairs as you go along One st. I walked out on today Is very beautiful, the lake on one side, and the palaces of the merchant princes in the other more than a mile long. But down in the Dutch quarter tis horrid, mud, such as Eastern folks never see small dirty shantys see right in it swarming with beer drinkers the memory haunts my nose this minute… plank sidewalks are almost universal all over the city and are dry and clean enough in any decent part I can rapidly believe though that in the quarter I spoke of in muddy times, a careless tread will squash torrents of mud into the face from between the planks (Chicago, Sunday morning, not dated, 1857(?)).

By 1854, Chicago was the world’s largest grain port. Despite economic pressures during the Panic of 1857, Carpenter noted that Chicago businesses seemed unaffected. The streets are alive with teams &c the grain [illegible] are leaving for Buffalo in fleet. The dry goods shop seem to be crowded with fair purchasers supposing they are making great bargains (Chicago November 8, 1857).

Carpenter settled in the bustling metropolis and made fast friends with German and Dutch immigrants, but employment did not come as easily as friendship. Soon, his only clothes mirrored his empty pockets. I feel very ashamed to go to church as my clothes are very shabby, wrote Carpenter. My pants with a pair have huge rips and my attempts at repair make them look more shocking. I must give the tailor a job very soon or go to seed rapidly. (Chicago, September 13).

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Good fortune found Carpenter with a new business partner, Mr. Perry. They opened a store together selling dry goods and helium lamps. Less than a few months after opening, a fire engulfed eleven establishments on their street. Carpenter salvaged what he could while the firemen attempted to extinguish the inferno (Chicago, January 10, 1858). The store survived, as did Perry, but another fire back East destroyed his small inheritance. Misfortunes now come single, wrote Carpenter, it seems but I think more of yours and the use then that of my own loss by the fire. Those noble woods must look desolate enough all charred and blackened. The land is about valueless without the woods (Chicago, June 23, 1858). Undeterred, he chose to view his failures as opportunities for personal growth. It is very plain to me that if my life had been always successful, if my projects had made me wealthy I should have become a worldly wise, selfish man—certainly never a Christian—It was all for our good that I left home for the far west though it is hard to think so—and the future so dark (Chicago, June 23, 1858).

Compounding misfortunes did dampen Carpenter’s spirits a little.

He was melancholy at times about his singlehood. He wished for a wife, but could not afford one. News of the marriages of some of his old flames only increased his desire to marry. He told his sister that many of the Chicago belles were, pretty enough to make a mans heart jump into his hands but he remained unlucky in love and in business (September 3, 1857). The store failed. Desperate for work, he toiled as a farm hand in Princeton, IL while he waited for his friends to find him a clerkship in Chicago. He was still determined not to go back East, but ultimately had to return.

He enlisted in the army on March 2, 1861 as a private. He mustered into the 1st Rhode Island Infantry. He was wounded at the battle of Bull Run and returned home to recover. Once healed, he was commissioned as 2nd lieutenant in the 3rd RI Heavy Artillery, Co. D and served as quartermaster at Fort Seward. His collection of letters while serving in the 3rd RI are offered as Lot 105.

Carpenter’s Chicago letters would be a worthwhile addition to any collection on urban development and Chicago history. $500 - $700 BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Rhode Island 105 George Carpenter, 3rd Rhode Island Heavy Artillery, DOD, Explicit Battle of Port Royal Letters Lot of 10.

George Carpenter enlisted on September 27, 1861 as a 2nd lieutenant. He mustered into the 3rd Rhode Island Heavy Artillery on October 9, 1861. After completing training, he left with his regiment aboard the Cahamba, where he became miserably sea sick (Fortress Monroe, October 15, 1861). Carpenter was part of the Du Pont expedition, which was the largest joint Army-Navy operation of the war to date and the largest flotilla ever assembled in the United States. En route to a secret attack on Port Royal, a rumor circulated on board his ship. Apparently, a sergeant deserted the Union and brought his signal book to the enemy. Consequently, officers had to adopt new signals, which delayed their arrival. The traitorous scoundrel, wrote Carpenter.

If he had a hint of the destination of the fleet, may give information that may ruin the enterprise but the trail will be made (October 29, 1861). The rumor was not the only action on board. Carpenter and his crew endured a terrible storm with hurricane strength winds that dispersed the fleet. After all of their efforts, the secret mission was disrupted when Confederate Secretary of War Judah P. Benjamin telegraphed Governor Pickens and General Drayton, notifying them that there was an enemy fleet heading for Port Royal. Carpenter’s ship arrived and the battle began. On November 7th he wrote: A day of battle and a victory and our flag waves over the Confederate batteries of Port Royal harbor in South Carolina…. A grand sight it was believe me to see the armed vessels led by the Frigate Wabash…The Rebels fought strongly and hour after hour there was hundreds of explosions of the big guns and a rain of shot and shell upon the ironclad batteries… how much life has been lost on both sides (November 7). On the war torn beaches of Port Royal he wrote to his sister about the bloody aftermath: For the last long 4 nights I have slept a troubled sleep (on all of the avenging land ticks and mosquitos) wrapped in my cloak on its blood stained sands…[we] are hard at work in putting things to the rights so that now with the exception of freshly moved earth and the dismantled and shattered guns most traced of the battle are removed. The slain with the exception of one- (a Surgeon who was mangled and buried under a bomb shelter—by the bursting of a shell and afterwards dug out by our fatigue parties)- were buried before I was landed which was the day after the battle. Little had been done besides that so that I have ocular proof of the terrible effects of a bombardment…. splatters of blood and pieces of flesh stich to the splinters and frames [of the barbetto guns(?)] was all that told of them. No wonder they fled such a pit of horror as the first must have been in the height of the fire leaving everything not even stopping to strike the serviceable guns throwing away their muskets blankets etc. and running for dear life (Fort Walker, Hilton Head, Port Royal Harbor SC).

After securing the area, Carpenter and his men settled at Fort Wells in Hilton Head, SC. He wrote to his sister: We are drilling hard on siege Columbia…our southern cousins kindly left for out use Our regt. has charge of the fort the Generals Headquarters and also the immense department of the Quarter Master General’s stores of ordinance and provisions and the like. About 100 men with Sergts. And Corps. are detailed for guard daily and each 1st Lieut. have command of the guard in turn (Fort Wells, Hilton Head, Port Royal, SC, November 20, 1861).

Shortly after his letter, he was ordered to Fort Seward to be quartermaster and commissary. Proud of his new appointment, he wrote to his sister, I have some 400 men to provide for including soldiers,

citizens, contraband(?), mechanics, SC(?), and a small squad under my immediate direction (Ft. Seward, Pay Point, SC). He wrote to her frequently and in great detail of his life, duties, battles, and of General Thomas Sherman.

Carpenter nearly died in the summer of 1862 from a case of dysentery.

Confused from fever and lack of fluids, he weakly scrawled a letter to his sister, I have been to the valley of the shadows since I last wrote and it is with an uncertain hand that I scrawl a few lines today. I managed to sit up for the first time in two weeks and I looked in the glass…dysentery has reduced me to a skeleton nearly fate shadowing as a ghost, but I think I am rid of him (Ft. Seward, Bay Point, S.C., May 28, 1862). In a much stronger hand, he wrote to his sister again, I am gaining strength fast and can attend to my duties very well now. But I came very near paying the debt to nature—she gave me up (June 6, 1862). Nature had not given up Carpenter, it only allowed him to gain more strength before taking his life on June 28, 1862.

In addition to Carpenter’s letters, more Civil War items related to Port Royal, SC, and the navy include: stamped, canceled cover from a Union soldier in Port Royal, SC, dated November 1st, 1861, addressed to Fulton Co., Ohio, made of reused printed wallpaper, highlighting the severe shortage of paper in this part of the Confederacy, with Port Royal cancellation; a second cover with cancellation from Philadelphia and three cent red Washington stamp, addressed to First Assistant Engineer John Johnson USN, US Gunboat Pinola off Mobile Western Gulf Squadron. The Pinola was famous as one of two gunboats that broke the great link-chain that obstructed the approach of Admiral Farragut’s fleet below Ft. Jackson and St. Philip, leading to the capture of New Orleans; and more. $600 - $800

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Rhode Island 106 Private Edwin J. Leach, 1st Rhode Island Light Artillery, Battery C, Civil War Archive Lot of 31.

Private Edwin J. Leach deeply cared for his family. In his letters he often inquired about the health of his mother, sister, and her children. After receiving a pay check he wrote to his sister, I want you to take that money and sine Leander and Sara to school and clothe them well becose I know that thay haft to work hard (Camp Oin(?)

Hawls Hill, October 30, 1861). He wanted so badly for his niece and nephew to go to school and to learn everything they could. Of course, his sister was also very concerned about his safety. Curious about his experience, she asked her brother what happened to his friends and if he was afraid. He wrote back to her, You wanted to know whether any of the boys got hurt that I know, yes…Owen Knight was hit by a piece of shell…some of the boys is lousy and I pick some off me. …You wanted to know if I was frighten much I was at first but when I got at it I didn care fore all of the bullets the rebel hat got (Camp near Harrison Landing, July 20, 1862). He also answered his mother’s questions about if he had been wounded and if the army would send his body if he perished. If I get herd that they will sent me home but if I get kild they wont sent me because they can’t tent to the wounded fast enough, wrote Leach (Camp near Harrison Landing, July 20, 1862).

Leach’s sister and mother had a right to be concerned. His regiment, the 1st Rhode Island Light Artillery, Battery C, experienced some of the hardest fighting in the war and was frequently under fire. The regiment saw action at Bull Run, the Siege of Yorktown, Malvern Hill, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, the Battle of the Wilderness, Spotsylvania, and Petersburg. Leach witnessed gunboats continuously pouring in, carrying guns and ammunition to keep up with his regiment’s demands. Constant action also led him to believe he needed more than a rifle to protect himself. I am goin to by me a revolver, he wrote, when we git part off we expect to be in a fight in a few days and I thought that I would need one we cant tell our soldier from the secesh one might come up to me and draw up and shot me (Camp

Owen, Miner’s Hill, January 8. 1862). He described how he and his regiment were on the move all the time and, for a time, moved every day (Camp near Harrison Landing, July 13). At Fairfax, he prepared for a fight. He wrote to his sister, The rebels have returned from farfax we to expect a fight every day we found wooden guns [all the way] to Fairfax…I have seen some of the rebels this morning…we have been out to Manassas and we come back incamp. We thought that [there] was goin to have a big fight when we come out here but we never seen a rebel.

We can see where the rebels was in camp (Fairfax, Camp Jackett, March 12, 1862).

Leach transferred out of his regiment on December 23, 1864.

Although no additional documentation accompanies the lot, research suggests that he transferred into the Signal Corps. HDS references a Private Edwin Leach who entered into the Signal Corps, but no further information is available. $800 - $1,000

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Connecticut 107 Civil War Archive of Brothers George & James Elliot, 1st Connecticut Heavy Artillery, and Edward Elliot, 5th Connecticut Infantry Lot of 55.

The Elliot family had not only one of their eight children at the front, but three. Despite being from the same family, all of the sons had drastically different military experiences. The first born, George, was the first to join. He enlisted on March 22, 1861 as a private, but did not muster into the 1st Connecticut Heavy Artillery, Co. A, until June 9, 1861. The second born, James, mustered into Co. I of the 1st CT Heavy Artillery on June 10, 1861. The fourth of eight and the last to join was Edward. He lied on his papers and said that he was 18 when he was only 17 years old. He enlisted as a private on July 11, 1861 and mustered into the 5th CT Infantry, Co. D, on July 22, 1861.

James and George adjusted to military life, but Edward did not. That winter, after Edward wrote a distressing letter to one of his sisters, their father intervened. George Sr. wrote to Edward: 60

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It will not be necessary for me to remind you that it was against my judgement and advice that you enlisted. But having done so; no honorable course remains but to persevere till we conquer a peace…you cannot harbor a thought of deserting that would be to become a traitor to the best government that ever existed besides the risk would be more than that of facing the enemy; the penalty of desertion you know is Death; and the chances of being caught would be more than those against it… my dear boy be true to your country and its flag and if you have to meet hardship and danger meet them like a man (Manchester, January 5, 1862).

The letter might have been the last words spoken between father and son, because George Sr. was very ill. In the same letter he told Edward: I have been at home two weeks sick, first for about 5 weeks I struggle against a hard cold and bad cough working beyond my strength until it ran into dysentery so hard that I had to give up and come home since then I have had a light run of Typhoid fever and now although still bad off with Piles and threatened with liver complaint I am obliged by circumstances to attempt to go to work again tomorrow (Manchester, January 5, 1862).

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A few weeks later, their father succumbed to his illnesses and died.

Devastated from their great loss, George and James requested a furlough to attend their father’s funeral but their colonel denied their requests. James wrote to their mother: George or myself were not permitted to pay the last tribute of respect to our beloved Parent, but circumstances are such as to render it impossible…I went to see the Col to see if it was possible to get a furlough he said that word came to him from Gen. McClellan to grant none to anyone or any time…the sad news was little expected by us since it was only a week since I read a letter from him (Fort Richmond, Arlington Heights, January 22, 1862).

The disappointment and the loss of his father coupled with his dissatisfaction with military life prompted Edward to write a gloomy note his mother. I am sick of this kind of staying here for it is not living to stop out here, wrote Edward (Camp Near Hancock, MD, February 17, 1862). He remained in the army until June, when, against his father’s wishes, he deserted. Three years later, James witnessed the shame of desertion in his own regiment. He wrote to his mother, A man by the name of Brewer a member of our company who deserted about one year and a half ago was drummed out of the U.S. Service today and given a dishonorable discharge. Six of our recruits have deserted they were regular bounty jumpers I think making that their business (Fort Scott, VA, March 27, 1864). One wonders if Edward suffered the same fate or if witnessing the shame of desertion opened old wounds for James. The family never spoke of Edward or his desertion again.

A machinist’s wife, their mother, Hannah, was left with little money to provide for the rest of her children. Her husband also left some debts.

James and George did their best to support her and help her pay their bills. George, however, was less willing to contribute than James.

George wrote their mother, In my last letters I told you that not one cent of my money should go to pay Fathers debts while I was in the Army… you may use the money just as you please only you must not use my name when paying any debts contracted by Father (Fort Blenker, February 28, 1863).

George was promoted to artificer before mustering out of service on June 8, 1864. James, however, enlisted a second time. Perhaps you may be sorry to hear that I am to be promoted on account of my having to commence a new term of service, but Mother my duties will be much easier with less responsibilities than what I have had during the past six months, wrote James (Battery No. 4 Near Petersburg, December 4,

1864). By the time of his letter, James rose through the ranks from private of Co. I to 2nd lieutenant of Co. D. He remained in the service until mustering out of Washington on September 25, 1865.

In addition to the letters mentioned above, the lot includes 5 letters from George, 11 letters from James, and 18 from their sisters Mary, a housewife, and Effie, a school teacher. There are also a group of 20 standard envelopes stuffed with letters between George, Benjamin, Mary, and Austin from 1905-1911, while George stayed at the Soldiers Home in Los Angeles. Also included is a pamphlet on the History of the 28th CT Volunteers. $600 - $800

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108 Lieutenant Colonel David Evans, New York 20th Cavalry, Civil War Archive Lot of 15 letters and documents related to Lieutenant Colonel David Evans, New York 20th Cavalry, who served as provost marshal of Richmond following the city’s fall in 1865; plus 7 ca 1866 letters written by Evans; and 2 very rare oaths of allegiance for Confederate naval officers.

David Morris Evans (1831-1924) began his military career in the Civil War with an instrument in his hands rather than a rifle. He enlisted as a musician on May 9, 1861 and mustered into the 35th New York Infantry, Co. A the next month. After becoming a private, his superiors saw great potential in him.

He rose quickly through the ranks and obtained commissions up to 1st lieutenant within his first year of service. Leading his men, he fought with them through the battles at Manassas, Rappahannock Station, Second Bull Run, Antietam, Sharpsburg, and Fredericksburg.

He mustered out of the 35th NY on June 3, 1863 and transferred to the 20th NY Cavalry in July 1863. With the 20th NY, he reached the rank of lieutenant colonel by October 13, 1863 and colonel by March 1, 1865. Most of the paperwork in the archive dates from 1865 and includes: 7 ANsS from Richmond, VA by Evans concerning prisoners of war and the oaths of allegiance of many Confederate soldiers; 5 general orders concerning Evans’ service; 11 ALsS from Evans to his wife. Confederate oath takers include: W. D. Porter, master of the ironclad Richmond, signed on April 1, 1865 by Evans and Porter; Marcellus Compf, 2nd VA Regiment; G.W. Hill; James Harring; and entire Co. I of the MD(?) mounted rifles.

Two orders are on Provost Marshal stationery, Richmond, VA, dated the day after the surrender at Appomattox C.H., April 10, 1865. Both are signed John Coughlin, Provost Marshal General, Department of Virginia. One reads: Lieut. Col. D.M. Evans, is to occupy a room in the Capitol Building and administer the oath of Allegiance to officers and soldiers of the Confederate Army. You will send the clerks of Lieut. Col.

Manning to assist him while so engaged. The other was directed to Evans ordering him to set up in the Capitol.

A few days later, it was necessary to clarify: Any Confederate soldiers coming in & giving themselves up will be permitted to go to their homes upon giving the same parole as those surrendered by Gen. Lee. Within a week, they were victims of their own success. The Judge Advocate writes [April 17, 1865]: If you can spare me some more blanks for paroling prisoners of war, you will much oblige me, as I have a very large number waiting, & have not the blanks.

Colonel Evans was mustered out July 31, 1865 and returned to civilian life. $1,200 - $1,600

109 Civil War Soldier Letters, Mostly from New York Regiments, Incl. 140th NY Volunteers Lot of 22, including 21 letters, and 2-part GAR medal commemorating New York’s service at Gettysburg in 1913, 50 years after the battle.

Highlights include: Captain Fredrick E. Ranger, 22nd NY Infantry, Co. F., 3 ALsS to his wife.

Camp Auger, February 25, 1862 and March 7, 1862 as well as from Camp Near Brook Station, November 30, 1862.

Despite risking his life at the Battle of Manassas, Antietam, and Fredericksburg, Captain Frederick E. Ranger fretted over his sick wife’s life more than his own. I must say I do feel a little worried, Ranger wrote to her about her cold. Ranger enlisted at Glen Falls, NY as a 2nd lieutenant on March 27, 1861. The 28-year-old mustered into the 22nd NY Infantry eight days after the New Year in 1862. After fighting valiantly on the battlefield, he earned a promotion as a 1st lieutenant on August 18, 1862 and captain on November 5, 1862. Either to cheer up his wife or divert from his own anxieties, he wrote her about a curious episode of extreme weather at Camp Auger.

Yesterday morning about 10 o’clock the wind commenced blowing and blue a regular hurricane until night. There was some fun. Tents went over and everything moveable was flying in every direction. It was almost impossible to walk against it. Our house never shook a hair, but it blew down some buildings in the city (Camp Auger, February 25, 1862).

His wife recovered from her illness and also experienced some curious weather at home. Ranger wrote back to her; I think from all accounts you must have about 900 feet of snow there now. If it continues I don’t see what will become of you. How high above the snow Is the town clock now? (Camp Augur, March 7, 1862).

Like many soldiers, Ranger pined for home and often thought about familiar and comfortable scenes:

It is so lonesome nowadays that although I wrote you a letter yesterday I can find nothing so pleasant as spending the time with you…Tomorrow is Carries birthday. Tomorrow she makes the high old age of five years…

The air must be cold in G.F. [Glen Falls] today and I imagine you all in Fred’s room with a good warm fire, Grandpa and children frolicking Grandma telling “lastly” Mamma reading the paper. Fran at church and one of the

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | New York Aunties dropping in now and then to see what’s going on…Visions of mother’s fricasseed chickens loom up occasionally to my imagination like a mirage in a desert and I wonder if making Oyster stew has become one of the lost arts…You know dearest how much I wouldn’t give or rather what wouldn’t I give if we were certain of remaining anywhere, of having my little wife with me, and if wishing you would do it you would be here tonight but you would hardly enjoy going to bed in my cold tent and sleeping on some cedar poles with blankets…(Camp Near Brook Station, November 30, 1862).

Ranger and his regiment departed their winter quarters and fought again at Chancellorsville. After experiencing more action in one year than most soldiers did throughout the war, he returned home safely to his wife and children on June 19, 1863 after mustering out of service.

Erastus N. Palley, 140th NY Volunteers, Co. H, 3 ALsS to his wife and children and a short ALS to his sister. Camp Fredericksburg, December 8, 1862; Camp Pleasant Valley Near Harpers, October 26, 1862; May 20, 1863; and May 1863.

Erastus N. Palley was a family man. At the age of 42, Palley enlisted as a private on August 22, 1862 and mustered into the 140th NY on September 13, 1862. He left behind his wife and children with the “Rochester Racehorses” (the nickname of his regiment) for the front soon after. He did not enjoy the service. He wrote, My work is hard but I would rather do it than drill (Camp Pleasant Valley Near Harpers, October 26, 1862). He deeply missed his family. On a cold December day at Camp Fredericksburg, he wrote to his wife and children, I wish I could be home this cold winter for it is hard on the old man but he must stand it until god or Abraham calls him home and I hope it will be Abe and start soon (Camp Fredericksburg, December 8, 1862).

The 140th fought in nearly all the great battles of the Civil War. Palley fought with them at the Battles of Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville.

Sometime during his service, he was in the hospital. His sister wrote an affectionate letter to him while he recovered, fretting over his health because she had not heard from him for over 6 weeks. Palley suffered from a cold but his emotional scars of a recent battle needed more healing than his body. He wrote to his wife, It makes my blood run cold to think of Battle again for to see so many good men laid low in so short a time it is perfectly awful(?)…I was in the battle I was closed by the flesh of the cannon was flowen to the side, where we were I cant begin to tell you anything about it it would fill a book larger than I shall ever write (May 20, 1863). He was possibly wounded during one battle because he was discharged for disability on September 18, 1863 at Beverly Ford, VA. His discharge saved him from fighting, and possibly dying, at Gettysburg, Wilderness, Spotsylvania, and Petersburg.

George W. Pitt, lieutenant, 85th NY Volunteers, Co. E, 2 ALsS to his parents and his friend speaking about many sick officers, picket duty, and the local vegetation. Headquarters at Plymouth, July 12, 1863 and September 27, 1863. Pitt mustered in as a sergeant but reached the rank of 2nd lieutenant in his career. His regiment fought at Yorktown, Seven Pines, and Malvern Hill. There is no record of his service on HDS but he is listed on nps.gov.

Franklin Moore, 6th NY Light Artillery, 2 ALsS to parents from Budds Ferry, MD. January 12, 1861 and February 26, 1861. Moore enlisted in New York City as a private on June 15, 1861. He mustered into the 6th NY Light Artillery on June 20, 1861, and on December 15, 1861, he was promoted to artificer. That same winter, he wrote to his parents: Dalley expects to start for home tomorrow… I gave him one of our bomb shell to take home with him I will send one home if I can moutch another one it will be quite a curiosity to them that has never seen one…Thare has been considerable firing acrost the river at our men on this side since last night but they have not don any damage as yet (Budds Ferry, MD, January 12, 1861).

He wrote to his parents a second time in February, telling him how pleased he was about the good health of the family and the lack of news from the front. The quiet times at Budds Ferry were most certainly missed by Moore at the battle of Chancellorsville and Gettysburg. He managed to survive both battles and return home to his family after mustering out of New York on June 21, 1864.

Orville Swift, 9th NY Cavalry, Co. I, 2 ALsS to his sister. Piedmont Camp, October 15, 1864 and October 12, 1864.

Swift enlisted relatively late in the war not because he did not want to participate, but because he had to wait until he turned 18. As soon as he reached the appropriate age, he enlisted in the army on September 4, 1864 as a private in the 9th NY Cavalry, Co. I. By the time he enlisted, his regiment had already fought at Chancellorsville and Gettysburg, but he fought with them at the Battle of the Wilderness, Spotsylvania, Sheridan’s raid, and Appomattox. A month after enlisting in the army, Swift wrote to his sister, There is about 170 new recruits station [at Piedmont Camp] for [the 9th NY Cav.], we are now detained at present for a Garrison Guard we have drawn out arms but not mounted yet we are encamped at present about 2 miles north of Harper’s Ferry and about 60 rods from Maryland Heights (Piedmont Camp, October 15, 1864). He goes on to describe the surrounding forts and their weapons in both letters. He survived the war and mustered out of Cloud Mills, VA on June 30, 1865.

John Seacole, 176th NY Infantry, ALS to his father aboard the transport ship Alice Counce, January 16, 1863.

There is a possibility that Seacole enlisted twice in his career. HDS shows a John Seacole enlisting in the 47th NY Infantry, Co. D, on March 27, 1862 and mustering out of service on September 1, 1862 at Brooklyn, NY. On October 15, 1862 in Brooklyn, NY a John Seacole enlisted as a private into the 176th NY Infantry, Co. I. There is a distinct possibility that both Seacoles are the same 19-year-old boy. While on transport with the 176th NY to New Orleans, Seacole wrote to his father: We are now lying off the Battery in the stream on board the transport Alice Counce the ship had orders to sail the same day the Ironsides came on board witch was last Wednesday morning but was unable to leave on account of the wet and stormy weather we have had… We are packed away here pretty close there is three bunks one above the other in the middle and both sides of the ship there are 6 feet long 5 feet wide and 2 feet high it is kind of awkward as we cant sit upright in the bunks and it is as dark as pitch all day below the decks at night they hang up two or three lanterns there is four in each bunk we only get two meals a day now yesterday we got five square crackers for dinner and the sooner we get out of this ship the better (Transport Alice Counce of the Battery, January 16, 1863).

The ship finally landed and Seacole went with his regiment on to the battlefield, participating in the Siege of Port Hudson and Sheridan’s Campaign in the Shenandoah Valley against General Early. The enemy captured Seacole during a battle, and he was taken as a POW on June 24, 1863 in Baton Rouge, LA; however, he returned to the front on August 17, 1863.

Captain Henry J. Gifford, 13th, 33rd, and 49th NY Infantries. ALS, 1p, to friend Lynn, Camp 33rd NYV, March 28, 1863. Brief letter informing his friend he cannot return north, most likely home to New York, as expected, and discusses the weather at camp.

Gifford began his career in the military as a drummer but reached the rank of captain in just two short years. He enlisted on March 25, 1861 and mustered into the 13th NY, Co. A. He was promoted to 2nd lieutenant the next month and accepted another promotion to 1st lieutenant of the 33rd NY Infantry, Co. D on August 29, 1861.

He received his final promotion to captain on February 5, 1862. On October 1, 1863 he transferred a third time to the 49th NY Infantry, Co. F. He stayed in that regiment but transferred to Co. E on March 15, 1865. He fought at the siege of Yorktown with the 13th, the battle of Antietam with the 33rd, and Spotsylvania with the 49th. After many transfers and promotions, he mustered out of service on July 3, 1865 at Hall’s Hill VA. Refer to cowans.com for a more detailed look at the contents of the collection. $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Ohio 110 Albert Ketcham, 19th Ohio Light Artillery, Civil War Archive incl. Emotional Family Letters Lot of 214, featuring 108 letters written primarily by matriarch Anna Ketcham to her son Heber Ketcham; 58 war-date letters including a single letter from Albert Ketcham while serving in the 19th Ohio Light Artillery; and 48 additional letters and documents related to the Ketcham family, ca 1880-1903.

Today, few mothers understand the worry Anna Ketcham endured during the Civil War. Her 19-year-old son, Albert J. Ketcham, enlisted as a private in the 19th OH Light Artillery on August 11, 1862. Despite having nine children, most had left home, leaving only her husband, Isaac, to help ease her anxieties. Yet, even he fretted over his children. He wrote to his son, Heber, a seminary student at Western Reserve College in Hudson, OH, We talk over about situation and the situation of all our children their hopes their prospects their dangers etc, besides all this we talk on the subject of religion and this dark and gloomy war and so out time passes away not much to cheer up, but we wish to be thankful that circumstances are not worse (I.S. Ketcham, Plymouth, March 13, 1863). Heber’s mother also sought comfort in writing letters to him. Your poor brother Al, wrote Anna. Oh Heber, how that word, a soldier, and for three long years, does thrill though my very heart seems to me none but a mother can tell! We are waiting with great anxiety to hear from Him (Plymouth, February 26, 1863). Heber struggled with the idea of enlisting or completing his education. His mother begged for him not to join and argued that he never could endure the hardships and exposures of camp life (Plymouth, March 20, 1863). He enlisted as part of the conscription act, but never served on the front.

Albert wrote often to his parents and occasionally to Heber. In a letter to Heber he wrote: Since I wrote to you last we have marched from Lexington to Sommerset…We are about 10 miles from the Cumberland river I mean there is pleanty of rebels a crost the river some of our troops had a fite yesterday we drove them for some distance (Camp Near Somerset, KY, June 10, 1863).

Albert was less educated than Heber and was an atheist, which added to his mother’s anxieties. In a particularly explosive emotional episode, Anna wrote to Heber, In spite of all my efforts, I had to cry myself sick, I knew it was killing me, but I could not help it (Salem, June 5, 1863). Albert endured some fierce fighting, but dysentery almost took his life. His mother and father rushed to his side when they received a letter meant for Heber about his poor health.

Albert is sick and ma and I are both here taking care of him, wrote Isaac to Heber, this is the ninth day since we arrived we recvd. a letter from a soldier stating he was very sick with dysentery and wished his brother to come and take care of him we thought it would be next to impossibility for you to come and if we wrote to you it might delay a number of days time…we found Al he was very much overcome could hardly speak for a minuit but finally said you have taken me by surprise his disease was somewhat checked when we got here (Cumberland, KY, September 8, 1863).

While recovering Albert complained of missing his regiment, but their mother had a premonition of a bad bloody battle involving Rosecrans. Like any mother, she preferred he stay at the convalescent camp rather than be in harm’s way (October 14, 1863). While at Cumberland, Anna not only cared for their son but some strangers. I felt it my duty to look after them, wrote Anna. One of them is the young wife of a Tennessee Soldier, who fled to our Army to save his life and his 64

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wife followed on horseback carrying her infant child, I found them there all sick with measles, the woman and child very sick, the other be young delicate woman her husband in the army and she has been trying to assist in the cooling department I query whether she lives long (Shiloh, September 1863). After gaining some of his strength, but still weak, Albert returned to his regiment and to poor living conditions. He said they fared like dogs at Nelson Camp and he could not stand it, wrote Anna (Shiloh, October 31, 1863).

Anna’s visit did little to ease her anxieties. She later wrote to Heber, O Heber, what dreadful slaughter is being made in our armies, it is enough to chill the blood, and make the heart sick, and must our dear boy be called to bear part in the bloody work, God grant that he may be spared (Bronson, May 25, 1864). After years of worrying and praying, God heard her pleas and safely delivered Albert home. While Albert traveled from the front she wrote to Heber, why it seems almost as though I just awoke from a dream, [ilegilble] that He is no longer a soldier exposed to Rebels barbarities and bullets (July 6, 1865).

After the war, Heber completed his education at the Western Reserve Seminary school and married Anslie Blackman. A Presbyterian church in New Richmond OH, was his first call. He remained there from June 29, 1869 until August 1872 when he became co-pastor of the Second Presbyterian Church of Portsmouth (HISTORY OF LOWER SCIOTO VALLEY, OHIO, Together With Sketches of Its Cities, Villages and Townships, Educational, Religious, Civil, Military, and Political History, Portraits of Prominent Persons and Biographies of Representative Citizens. 1884, p.

208). Later, he moved to Oregon with his family and remained there until his death in 1913. $800 - $1,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Indiana 111 Corporal John William Peck, 4th Indiana Cavalry, Civil War Archive Lot of 159 letters written by 2nd Lieutenant John William Peck, 1862-1865. The archive likely includes every letter written by Peck to his mother and sister in Indiana while on the front lines.

The Civil War was not the first time the Peck family served the state of Indiana.

In the 1830s, John William Peck was a member of the Indiana Militia but received a medical pardon from a doctor who examined his injured toes on his right foot.

It would be impossible for him to perform a hasty or long march, wrote Dr. William Trafton (Evansville, November 3, 1834).

The injury and medical note cleared Peck of all military duty. His son or relative, also named John William Peck, enlisted in the army 28 years later to fight for the Union. Peck and his cousin John T. Morris enlisted in the army on August 7, 1862.

Peck mustered in as a corporal of the 4th Indiana Cavalry, Co. F. He reached the rank of 2nd lieutenant on June 1, 1865, but was not mustered into the position. His cousin, Morris, remained a private throughout his career in the same regiment, but different company. He wrote to his cousin Kate once about his service. That letter is included in the lot.

Peck wrote home often to his mother and sister. At the start of his career, he faced many battles and was a part of several scouting parties. We had some hard times but not half as hard as some troops have had. Our co. used mortars during the bombardment of Ft. Morgan.

We have been in [New Orleans] for quite some time past we are having very easy times here we don’t have much to do, he wrote (New Orleans, December 8, 1864).

Peck and his regiment moved to Kentucky to pursue Morgan and stop his infamous raids of terror. Disgruntled from what he thought was a poor strategic move by his superiors, Peck wrote home: We have been after Morgan and had a little brush with him we fired on his pickets and killed 3 or 4 and taken seventeen prisoners then a Illinois general ordered the artillery to fire on them like fool instead of letting some of us surround him and the others make it charge…and then flank him on the right as we knew he would make for Bardstown he passed the road just a half hour before our men got there and I expect he is out of Kentucky by this time (Frankfort, KY, October 24, 1862).

He and his fellow soldiers also participated in raids and confiscated good from Southern sympathizers’ homes. We are taking horses and n****** every day and night the Rebels are pretty thick out here me and another fellow took a fellow and he said he was a rebel and he had a good revolver we took it and took him to head quarters I paid him seven dollars for his share of the revolver, he explained. I want to kill about a dozen rebels with it the captain says for us to take any thing we want so the aint union men (Camp near Lebanon, September 2, 1862). It seemed that he was always in the middle of the action. He wrote that same week: About ten o’clock we heard thare was six thousand Rebels within 8 miles of here and we started double quick for to meet them at the Junction you ought to have seen the boys get sick and say they could not keep up they was afraid they would smell powder some fell of their horses and hurt themselves pretty bad. I was out on a scout fifty five hours I took four men out of Co. B they told me to go and find all of the secesh I could and so I went where ever I could hear of them we got several and brought them to the general we let all but one of them take the oath he was one of Morgans men (Camp Near Lebanon, September 7, 1862).

The regiment continued their pursuit of the elusive CSA general.

Scouting parties sometimes resulted in small skirmishes, which evolved into larger battles. Peck wrote: I just got back from a three day scout we started on Monday to fight the rebels and run them and run them about ten miles and then we drowed up in line of battle but did not het to fight that night but we had a grand fight the next day we was going along double quick and run in to them and we went at it hot and heavy they shot our colonel and several of the boys but killed only two the colonel was shot in the head but did not kill him I tell you the bullets flew thick and fast thare was horses shot under the boys and they had to go on foot thare was about four to our one of us we killed 7 or 8 of the rebels and wounded 10 or 12 but we had to retreat back to load and then we made them cut dirt yesterday we run them about 8 miles we had heavy fire to stand under they had 2 cannon and shelled us they brushed close to us and they pieces flew all around us…thare was two holes shot in the blanket that was trapped behind my saddle and never touched me (Louisville, KY, October 3, 1862).

It was a narrow miss, but Peck continued his service unscathed. After almost constant action in the Cumberlands, the 4th IN moved further south towards Tennessee and Georgia. Peck’s service was rather quiet compared to the earlier days. He became frustrated about the lack of anything and told his mother he would rather be home or in the thick of it than remain in the rear and have barely anything to do. Finally, after many long months of standing guard and waiting, something did happen. We have had quite a big raid Shure had plenty of fighting but none of our Co. got hurt, he happily wrote home. We captured about 9 or 10 thousand prisoners for or five hundred pieces of artillery and a great many other articles two worthless to mention…some of our company is after Jeff Davis now there is a big reward offered for him and I hope they will get him (Macon, GA, May 10, 1865). They did not capture Davis, but Davis soon visited Macon, GA, the city his regiment occupied. I did not see the old cuss but several of the boys of the Co. saw him they say he looks rather down in the mouth, he wrote. I feel for him but cannot reach him I hope they will hang him and all others of his stamp and that will keep them out of mischief (Macon, GA, May 15, 1865). Peck mustered out at Nashville on June 29, 1865 and returned home to his family. $4,000 - $6,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Indiana 112 Private John R. Miller, 123rd Indiana Infantry, Civil War Archive incl. Letters Describing Devastation Brought by Union Soldiers Lot of 56, including 28 war-date letters from the front written by John R. Miller; 7 letters from Hiram Miller, mostly to his son John; 8 letters from other family members writing to either Hiram or John Miller, including Colonel Richard N. Hudson and John’s younger brother Preston; approx. 13 envelopes.

May a kind heaven preserve my native state from ever being a battleground of armies, wrote Private John R. Miller (Camp near Senior Institute, NC, March 30, 1865). Miller, an Indiana native, loved life in the army but hated the ruin troops brought. He continued in his letter: I have been out and come across houses where a few hours before everything was plenty, utterly stripped of everything, scarcely a mouthful left in the house and it is that way all over the country for miles around… The people of the North can imagine, but this imagination can form no idea of the terrible desolation that follows in the path of an army in enemy country (Camp near Senior Institute, NC, March 30, 1865).

Even though he hated the end result of the looting, he did enjoy its spoils. He described to his family: We are living finely, as we have all the forage we want, fine ham and shoulder meat, chickens, sweet potatoes, molasses, in fact every thing that the country affords…The boys go our foraging and come back with wagons, carts, buggies and horses and mules loaded with forage of all kinds, nothing is left untouched… I love the profession of army and the excitement of battle is not without charms for me, but I never want to see my own loved state to be the scene of a devastating marches of hostile armies (Camp near Senior Institute, NC, March 30, 1865).

Miller came from a highly decorated military family. His father, Hiram Miller was a colonel in the Indiana State Militia and served in that position from 1835 to 1850. (Information obtained from Ancestry. com, October 1, 2017.) His brother, George was accepted into West Point in 1857. His uncle, Robert N. Miller, was a colonel in the Union Army and served as aide-de-camp twice for the 2nd IN Cavalry, and as colonel of the 133rd IN Infantry. As a result, John revered military life and enlisted as soon as he was of age. On December 11, 1863, he mustered into the 123rd IN, Co. F, but his early enlistment meant he had to wait until his regiment organized. He wrote his father from Camp Linsey, Well I am well and hearty and enjoying myself…but I am getting tired of Terrehaute. I wish our regiment was full, and we had orders to leave for Georgia tomorrow morning, but our regiment will hardly be organized until after the draft, it will then be filled up with drafted men (Camp Linsey, December 27, 1863). The regiment was not complete until March 9, 1864. Less than ten days after organizing, Miller and his regiment departed for Nashville. Camp life and combat did not change Miller’s opinion of military life. He continued to relish it. He wrote to his father: For my part, I am glad I am where discipline can be enforced, it must come sooner or later and the sooner the better. I am in a military business, I like to see things conducted in a military manner. I don’t like halfway measures. If I were an officer, I should enforce the strictest discipline and while I am under officers I wish them to do the same. The noncommissioned officers were appointed with morning. I am a Corporal.

High office that, but it will do to begin with (Camp Carrington, March 10, 1864).

Like any good soldier, he worshiped his superiors, especially General Sherman. He wrote to his father: I notice that fanatical journals of the North such as the Tribune Gazette Commercial, and others are down on Sherman like a “thousand of brick”, a month ago they were lauding him to the skies. I wish such papers were burnt, but nothing can ever shake the hold that Sherman has it upon the hearts of his army. We who have followed him and known him for so long, 66

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know what he is and we believe his error was of the head and not of the heart, an honester man never lived, bribe Sherman! There is not enough gold in the world to buy one iota of his principles and Sherman’s name, spite of efforts of fanatics, will go down in posterity as a great and good and honest man (Greensboro, NC, May 15, 1865).

Although Miller had ambitions of earning a higher position, he never rose further in the ranks. He did not let his unfulfilled aspirations effect his quality of service. After meeting his captain, Miller’s uncle, Colonel Robert N. Hudson, wrote an encouraging letter to his nephew. I have just seen Cap. Cowgil….I was much pleased to hear [him] speak so favorably of you as a brave soldier. Indeed he speaks in the highest terms of you, wrote Hudson (Headquarters 133rd IN Infantry, Bridgeport, AL, July 13, 1864). In addition to praise, his uncle offered sound advice.

Don’t be rash as your duty as a soldier, but don’t necessarily expose yourself. Many a brave man has lost his life by an unnecessary exposure of his person. Be brave but not recklessly, dashing but prudent, heroic but always exercising sound judgement and discretion (Headquarters 133rd IN Infantry, Bridgeport, AL, July 13, 1864). His sage words came from his experiences at the Battle of Shiloh and the Siege of Corinth. Three months earlier, however, Miller’s father offered him similar advice.

Hiram wrote to his son, If you should be in battle, do not expose yourself to much, but give the rebs thunder. Do not turn your back to them without positive orders, a brave man is less apt to be killed than a coward. In a word, my dear boy, be a man in everything that it takes to make a man (Greencastle, IN, April 10, 1864).

Before entering into combat Miller learned his regiment might squash another rebellion near the Indiana border in Charleston, IL. I would like to have a chance with the butternuts, but I am afraid that if we should go there we would have to stay there a good while, wrote Miller (Nashville, TN, April 2, 1864). Days later Hiram reported, All quiet at Charleston, IL. 8 dead more lingering. The butternuts commenced the fight, my neighbor, John Jenkins, lost a son in the fight, his youngest son, a good union boy (Greencastle, IN, April 10, 1864). Butternuts were an extreme anti-war political group in Indiana associated with the national group, the Copperheads. On March 28, 1864, a riot ensued in Charleston over inflammatory comments said by Judge Charles H. Constable. By April 1st, 250 men from the 54th IL went to fight against a group of rioting Copperheads (The New York Times, April 1, 1864). The violence resulted in the death of eight men, including one of Miller’s neighbors.

Generally, Butternuts in Indiana did not engage in treasonous activities, but the governor of Indiana insisted that they and the “Sons of Liberty” plotted to depose him. His statements only increased BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Indiana tensions between pro-war families and anti-war families in Indiana.

Hiram vented to his son: [The Butternuts] have been cursing the government and cursing the soldiers and doing all they could to [illegible] the government and favour the rebels and a good number of them guilty of treason, and would have overthrown the government if they could have mustered strength enough.

But when they found out that Uncle Sam was a little too strong for them and was compelled and to submit to the authority of the government and take their chances at the draft wheel…miserable scoundrels (Greencastle, IN, February 29, 1865).

Governor Morton did arrest several suspected traitors and sentenced them to hang, but they did not swing from the gallows. (Information obtained from Indiana Historical Bureau website, October 1, 2016.)

After the war, the state pardoned the men and reduced their sentences.

Miller’s superiors denied his captain’s request to go to Illinois and ordered the regiment move into Georgia. Near Atlanta Miller wrote: We are now within about 35 miles of Atlanta. Our division is on the extreme left. It is reported that our right is between the rebels and Atlanta thus cutting them off from their communications. We are driving them eastward. Our division has done a great marching part of the time on the right then on the left. We were first under fire at Buzzard Roost and have been along the whole line through Snake Creek Gap and Resaca…I think the destruction of the rebel army inevitable. There has been very heavy cannonading and musketry firing about two or three to the right of our position all morning but ceased about an hour ago. I suppose the rebs retreated as usual (Camp in the field, May 28, 1864).

In pursuit of the rebels, his regiment moved past Atlanta towards Marietta. He described the action to his father: We had some fighting to do lately. Last Friday week the 17th we attacked the rebel lines and drive them about 3 mile. Since then the army has advanced several miles. On the evening of the twenty 2nd the rebels charged our lines but they went back faster than they came up. The next day eight hundred rebels were buried just in front of our lines. In two charges the rebs have made lately, on the 20th and 22nd, the rebs lost about 5 or 6 thousand men. It is reported that Ewell has joined Johnston.

If he has, he is just the man that will fight this rebel army in front of us to death, for he would mass his forces and try to break our line. This is what we want, we could kill that faster that way than any other (Near Marietta, GA, June 26, 1864).

Miller continued to be in the thick of action through the winter. After being on the run from the enemy for several weeks, Miller wrote his family: We had a pretty hard time for a few days. We were at Columbia about 8 or 10 days. At the time the rebels advanced that place. Our regiment was laying in Duck River guarding the fords. Six companies under Col. McQuiston were at Williamsport and 4 companies “B” ‘C” and G and our company under Col. Walter were at Gordon’s ferry 4 miles farther down the regt…. When our armies fell back to Franklin, we were cut off from it. The army evacuated Columbia in the morning and we did not receive notice of it until 12 o’clock that night, we immediately started. We marched till day light when we halted for breakfast…we marched all day and in the evening found we were cut off from our army and in the rear of Hood’s army.

We marched around the rear of the rebels, passing within two miles of their camp fires and stopped past his flank. All this time they were fighting hard at Franklin, had they not have been we could not possibly have escaped…it was reported and believed that we were captured. I suppose you read at home that we were. That day I had more expectations of being in some southern prison by this time (Nashville, TN, December 4, 1864).

Relieved after learning of his son’s safety at the Battle of Franklin, Hiram wrote to Miller: [I] was very glad to hear that you was well and that you was neither wounded, killed, or captured.... Son, you can form no idea how anxious I am to learn who was wounded, killed or captured after a battle fought by the army of which you are a member. I look over the list of casualties with fear and troubling, not but what I have an abiding faith that you will never

be killed or wounded by a rebel. I believe that God looks with peculiar favour upon the brave soldiers that are fighting to defend and perpetuate the institution of this God favoured country, and that the brave devotion that our soldiers exhibit in defense of our country will cover a multitude of sins, but will not save the soul (Greencastle, IN, December 12, 1864).

The relief was short lived because the danger for Miller was not over.

In the same letter to his father Miller wrote: We are laying in the trenches here expecting an attack any moment.

We have got to fight here and fight hard… We have got to fight them sometime and I would just as big to it now as any other time, and rather do it here than any where else…You need not look for me home this winter, as I have not the least idea of being able to get a furlough, as long as the fight continues (Nashville, TN, December 4, 1864).

As Miller continued to fight, he became more confident in his abilities.

He wrote to his father: I have been in 8 or 10 fights and expect to be in some more. I have had many fair shots at the rebels but never hit one that I know of. The first time I ever shot at a man I was so excited at the thought that I trembled like a leaf, but I got used to that kind of business, and I can draw a “bead” on a rebel now as cooly as would on a squirrel and be glad to see him fall. It is curious how careless of life war will render any man. Before I came into the army, it would have shocked me to see a man cut with a knife, or knocked down with a club. Now I can see any number of men killed and never give them a thought or glance (Fort Anderson, NC, February 27, 1865) At the battlefield near Kinston, NC, Miller wrote of the intense fighting: Our company, as usual, was thrown out at the skirmishers with the companies of the 129th Ind on our right and companies of the 130th Ind on our left, and moved through the woods to uncover the rebs with a line of battle supporting us. We struck the rebel skirmishers who were advancing at the same time, and charging with a yell drove them through the thick pine woods, until coming to a narrow opening, we found ourselves within less than 300 yards and if I didn’t hurt anybody, why, there is no virtue in powder, and lead, and Springfield rifles, that’s all…the loss of the Rebels was very severe, our own loss was very slight…In the action of the 8th, we had two men wounded. John Goddard in the leg, flesh wound, and Bob Brannock in the neck by a piece of shell, slight. I, as usual, came out alright tho’ I had several pretty close cuts. I have been in 14 knock downs, and come out unhurt…I think the rebellion is about “played out” (Kinston, NC, March 14, 1865).

Certain of their success later that summer, Miller confidently wrote to his father: The humiliation of the rebels is complete. Occasionally we will find a defiant one, but there are “few and far between.” The North Carolinians are glad enough to have quiet and order restored once more. They think they are able to take care of themselves now without any further trouble. If Holden is elected gov., as I have no doubt he will be, they will have a man who has from the outset, been firm and unswerving in his devotion to the Union and one who will have neither sympathy or mercy for the rebels (Greensboro, NC, May 15, 1865).

Miller’s predictions were correct. Three months later he and his regiment mustered out of service on August 25, 1865 and headed towards home. Although peace had been restored, Hiram sensed that his son was still in danger. He wrote to his son: When you was passing through the hardships of long marches and severe battles, I was prepared to hear of any misfortune that might happen to you, but now that the War is virtually over and dainger has almost disappeared, I feel more anxiety about you if possible…that some misfortune may over take you after having preformed your duty so nobly as a solider in the service of your country. May God still protect you and enable you to return home safe and sound (Greencastle, IN, June 5, 1865).

Despite his ill feelings, Miller did return home safely to his family. He continued to live in his beloved state until his death. $2,000 - $4,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Illinois

113 Private Dick Ranson, Chicago Mercantile Independent Battery Light Artillery, Exceptional Civil War Archive, incl. References to W.T. Sherman Lot of 41.

“War is cruelty. There’s no use trying to reform it. The crueler it is, the sooner it will be over,” said General William Tecumseh Sherman. In many ways, Sherman was a proponent of total war. He and the troops under his command were responsible for the “March to the Sea,” which destroyed cities and towns in a 40 to 60-mile-wide war path through Georgia. Yet, it was not the first time his men set fire to cities.

Two years earlier, on Sherman’s Yazoo Expedition from December 20, 1862, to January 2, 1863, one of the thousands of soldiers under Sherman’s command, Dick Ransom, witnessed and participated in the looting and burning of Southern towns and cities. While traveling down river, Ransom wrote extraordinarily detailed letters home about the movements and the actions of Sherman’s unruly bunch, revealing their cavalier attitudes towards ceasing Southerners’ property and how some Union soldiers viewed African Americans as “creatures” and treated them like slaves.

Five days into the expedition on board steamer Des Arc, Ransom wrote home: The Commander of the Division we are now in is Gen. A.J. Smith, a West Pointer. and the men do not like him at all He is no such man as Morgan L. Smith of our Division we are the right of the right division now before we were the left of the left Division There are four Divisions here under Gen. W.T. Sherman The two Smiths-Gen. Stiel’s and Gen. Morgan’s Ours is most all Ohio troops. We were selected. (our two guns and ten men) to go on this boat as Gen. Smith’s artillery escort and there are two companies of Infantry and ten men of Calvary So we are not crowded as other boats are (about 25 miles above Vicksburg, December 25, 1862).

Similar to the behaviors of soldiers during the “March to the Sea” several men broke rank and burned a town. Ransom wrote: On Monday morning some of the soldiers set a house on fire in the town and soon enough more were going to burn the most of the place…

Tuesday night we went as far as Gaine’s Landing Ark and tied up for the night the place begun to be burnt before dark and kept up all night and in 68

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the morning but one or two houses were left. Gen. Smith ordered that the men that set the fires to be tied hand and foot and thrown into them or if the fire was burnt out when they were caught he would throw them tied into the river and if one was caught before two in the morning he should be hung and one was caught and brought in and he told him he should be shot at two o’clock the next day but before the time came he told him he might go that Gen. Sherman had pardoned him and gave him agood talking to and let him go (about 25 miles above Vicksburg, December 25, 1862).

On a lighter note, mischief (or insubordination, depending on one’s perspective) happened aboard the ships. Ransom wrote: Since we have boarded on this boat we have drawn our own fodder from barrels boxes and etc. around the boat such as flour, bacon, coffee, sugar, rice, molasses, vinegar, candles, soap-hard tack and sow belly and some of the boys have been down in the hold and tapped sundry barrels of pure government “jiggers” which is said to be the “real stuff” direct from the inspectors without reducing (Pecan Grove, Louisiana Corral Co., January 5, 1862).

A few soldiers took advantage of their liberties and stole a large amount of goods from below. Ransom wrote: Last night about nine o’clock [the Colonel] had a guard of infantry placed all over this boat to protect the “hard tack” …but the boys say that there was more stolen last night than altogether since we have been on the boat so that it must be the infantry that did it all but some of the infantry guards lost their ramrods some of their bayonets some of their cartridge boxes &c. which they say were stolen but it seems impossible (Pecan Grove, Louisiana Corral Co., January 5, 1862).

Obviously, the soldiers sold the goods on the ships and their own equipment to an eager buyer. Union men not only profited from the goods on the ship but also by looting homes. Ransom explained to his family: In ransacking a secesh house today at Pecan Grove one of the boys made from two hundred and forty dollars of the “Bank of Tennessee” which is worth a premium above “green backs” in Memphis, which makes me think if we were in Memphis before Gold was sold for 45 per ct premium in green BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Illinois backs and the whole of the “change” in the “Bank of Tenn” 5-10-25 and 50 cent shinplasters such as I sent you specimens if only some-worse worn (Pecan Grove, Louisiana Corral Co., January 5, 1862).

In another instance, a battery boy stole a mule from a distracted Southerner...he never saw Mr. Mule but some three boys had some “long eared money” to divide after selling muley to some speculative hack driver or livery and sale stable keeper, wrote Ransom (Pecan Grove, Louisiana Corral Co., January 5, 1862).

Ransom confiscated some goods of his own and benefited from his friends’ acquisitions. He explained, This morning we went out of our tents and into the mud-hunted around and found three secesh houses deserted and took possession of them and moved into two of them and the officers take the other for headquarters... I took dinner with DeGraff and Allen who have confiscated a couple of good rooms over a store on Front Row and got a cooking stove and a couple of contrabands to do the work for them they draw their rations etc. and live high-drawing extra pay and “live in town” (Memphis, TN, December 14, 1862).

However, the voyage on the river was not entirely smooth. Stuck on the muddy shallow banks, part of the duty of the men was to move the boats off shore. Ransom explained: Again we are landed or not landed either but tied up for the purpose of “wooding up” with fence rails. The Colonel who is on the boat “Meteor” towing us tries to make our boys bring rails (The way they get them is to bring two or three on their backs from the fence about twenty rods from the river bank) and the boys make him send one of his infantry guards with the musket and one rail at a time and that is sure to be a rotten one or one that is small enough to be so light as to be almost worthless for wooding a steamboat…I suppose it to be a very easy matter for a good rebel battery and a couple of regiments to make us “lay to” and surrender just now. Then we might get a “free pass” to Vicksburg or be paroled and sent to Camp Douglass or some place east may be to be kept till exchanged (Pecan Grove, Louisiana Corral Co., January 6, 1862).

Disease and dysentery also spread rapidly through the steamers stuffed with soldiers, which abruptly changed the light-hearted nature of the journey sour. Ransom wrote: I believe that there never was such a change in the minds of the same number of men as there has been here since we started “down river.” So many of the boys are sick and the Yazoo water and swamps, and bayous gave most all the diarhoea and then such a disgust of the commanding officers all round and of the general management of the expedition and then being obliged to retreat and that too probably all the way back to Memphis and the verdict of the whole this is “defeated and beaten” it is enough to sicken three quarters of the men, of war and demoralized (if such a thing is yet possible) the whole of the army (Pecan Grove, Louisiana Corral Co., January 6, 1862).

Other than dysentery and being stuck in the mud, Ransom’s descriptions sound more like a leisure cruise than a military expedition, but he was still part of a mission.

On pursuit of Rebel troops, Ransom’s officers sent scouts to scan the areas for the enemy. Sometimes, information would come to them from more unlikely sources—runaway slaves. Ransom encountered such a group and wrote, some “reliable contrabands” …have just come in bundles and all and want to go with us “up norf” and the information these “intelligent” creatures bring is that there is a rebel force of about 5,00 men and one battery of artillery about 15 miles ahead of us up the river (Pecan Grove, Louisiana Corral Co., January 6, 1862).

While resting on a river bank in the middle of the night, news came of approaching rebel forces and a Union retreat. The men furiously tore down their camp in order to board the ships. Unaware of the news, Ransom had a startling wakeup call when his tent began to be packed away while he was still inside. He wrote: The tent was jerked down on to me and all there was in it news had come in that our forces were retreating and the n*****s must pack up our baggage and stuff and move it down to the water ready to put on a boat I put my clothes, overcoat and a blanket and found the man the captain’s n***** Hostter that brought the news soon Serg’t Cone came and I found out that the whole army was going to be drawn back and put on the

boats before morning…two of the pickets who came in reported that the rebels were building bridges across that bayou we had been fighting over and probably intended to cross and attack us in the morning There was nothing come in behind our two guns but one reg’t Infantry, and they reported that rebel scouts followed right behind us clear in to the edge of the woods…Our guns are on the “Louisiana” but we could not put the horses or ourselves on for she has a cabin full of wounded soldiers, many with legs and arms amputated and shot in all sorts of places I don’t know how many there are such but I believe several boatloads there are between two and three hundred on her (January 1, 1863).

A few weeks before, Ransom described another anticipated attack: The alarm was given that a large rebel force was driving our men in and all hands were ordered to unload and get into position on the bank for a fight.

Several thousand infantry and some big guns were immediately put out and Capt. Cooley began to unload his four guns which lay nearby us and it was discovered that only a very few of our men coming in with ten prisoners and 210 head of cattle and mules The prisoners were dressed in all kinds of garb and mounded and armed with all kinds of guns one had a rifle worth $150. They are from Texas. (On Louisiana Shore, December 25, 1862).

The Rebel and Union armies finally met one another on the battlefield.

Ransom describes his march into battle while suffering from the measles: About 3 o’clock the cannonading was commenced and kept up pretty hot.

Apparently ten miles from us. About day light we marched out of camp in the direction of the firing passing troops and batteries all the way almost for about 7 or 8 miles. The nearer we came to the fighting-the hotter and plainer it grew- the cannonading at this time was more terrific than at any other time. The boys may have some of them worn long faces but the most of “Squad 6”- I noticed- grew more and more reckless as they neared the enemy- We were not allowed to ride but all had to walk in our places beside the gun ready for the action in one moment the same as on drill. Before we started out the Captain talked to the boys for a few minutes giving advice &c and he never spoke to them when they approved him so much though anyone could see that the most of them thought that they might be safe under some other man but still they pitied him because what he said showed that he wanted to do right and he wanted to and meant to try to take care of the boys…. We finally stopped in the woods I should think about eight miles from the boats and nearly north of Vicksburg. The city being in sight from a short distance from us and we could “hear the bells.” Where our guns were planted down on the “River Bottoms” in the woods. the water marks on the trees for high water was eighteen feet above the ground and was so far the whole distance back to the Yazoo. Where we lay there we were only about a mile West of the Mississippi. and the fighting was between some of our big guns on the west of us and some batteries across a bayou, on the hills, which we must take to get into Vicksburg- I believe that our artillery beat them on Sunday morning and the infantry and all were driven into Vicksburg and we had the hill- here Morgan L. Smith was wounded leading a charge across the bayou where the men hesitated to go-he got a bullet through his belt in front and it lodged between two bones in his back and he has had to give up command of the 2nd Div. Then our A.J. Smith took his place and Brig.

Gen. Burnbridge took this- the 1st Div. Before noon we heard a good deal of heavy firing of infantry volleys and single shots and finally it all ceased and not much more was heard till the next morning though an occasional big gun would start us a little for we lay where they could shell us all to pieces from Vicksburg.

Sunday night the horses were kept standing hitched up all night and the boys had to curl up and lie down where they could raise up and be in the shot to do his part at the gun…in the morning I was so very weak I could hardly walk and about 10 o’clock Serg’t Cone came to me and told me I had the measles and must go back to camp…I could hardly bear to go back and we expected to have our first fight every minute…[at camp] Only two white men stayed in the tent with me Carry and Tripp but 3 or 4 n*****s slept over on the other side. Tripp got me some ginger tea and I got one of the n****** by giving him some whiskey to promise to wait on me till I get well. and I kept him nearly busy trotting for me making grull

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Illinois and making composition fesser, lobelia, &c and I did not go out of my tent for anything…I believe it was the first time I wished I was home and then I believe I dreamt it. But I would have given anything on Tuesday to have seen a good nice white woman coming into the tent there as I lay-just to see me (January 3, 1863).

Also included in the incredible archive are 5 additional war-date letters from Ransom to his family; 22 war-date letters from Ransom’s mother, father, and sister; 6 CDVs of Ransom, 5 taken in civilian clothes during the war, one of which is backmarked by McGill and Almond, Louisville, KY, a dapper post-war portrait; a gem-sized tintype he references in a letter offered in the lot; American Express Company receipt dated

April 13, 1863; clipping from The Longmont Ledger and Longmont Press, dated July 16 and 17, 1885, celebrating the Golden Anniversary of Mr. and Mrs. Daniel Ransom; 2 CDVs of Mrs. Ransom taken by J.H. Tatman, Connersville, IN and Swaine & Mote, Richmond, IN; a gemsized tintype of Louie Perham included in a letter to Dick Ransom on August 19, 1866, credited to J.W. and F.R. Tinsley, Chicago; small mounted photograph of an aged man; 4 cards, one for his affiliation with Freemasons and 3 introduction cards printed for Ransom to give to employers in need of a practical accountant in Colorado, which reads “I want a job!”; and modern copies of supplementary research on Ransom. $2,500 - $3,500

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Michigan 114 Civil War Archive of Brothers William & James Barton, Both KIA, 8th Michigan Infantry, Featuring Action-Packed Correspondence Lot of 119, including 33 letters from soldier brothers William and James Barton (8th Michigan Infantry, both KIA) from the front, almost every letter containing some description of combat; single letter from Private and Engineer Matthew B. Mallory, 21st MI Volunteers, DOW; 2 letters from Jacob Hale, a missionary and soldier in the 21st MI; 26 miscellaneous family letters and papers; 2 CDVs of James Barton; and an album containing 56 family photographs, many identified.

It is hard to fathom the pain a parent feels when losing a child; even more so when a parent loses two. Hiram and Phidelia Melissa Barton unfortunately experienced an unbelievable amount of pain when both of their sons, William and James, died in the Civil War. James and William were two of five Barton children. Their father, Hiram S. Barton, was born in New York on April 12, 1818. He was a laborer and married Phidelia December 6, 1839 in Michigan. They quickly started a family and had William within their first year of marriage.

More, including James, soon followed.

Being so close in age, one can imagine William and James did everything together. The brothers enlisted on August 15, 1861 and mustered into the same company and regiment, the 8th MI Infantry, Co. H., on September 23, 1861. The year before, James applied for settlement in the swamp lands in Pierson, MI, but abandoned his dreams to fight for his country. His father went to his home to retrieve what little belongings he had to help the family. I wish I had more for him, wrote James to his family (Washington, DC, 1861). Two months into his enlistment, James was ready for battle. He wrote, We here that the enemy are going to whip us they will have a nice time if they do for we are fortifying and building a fort that they won’t take right away (Fort Walker, Hilton Head, SC, November 20, 1861). James received the fight he wanted, and the fortifications helped combat encroaching rebel forces. Over the next few months, the coast was a hotbed of action.

Troops barely had enough time to bury the dead. James wrote to his family: There has been a battle about 17 miles from here. Our navy made an atact a fort called philasci (Pulaski) on the twenty 7 and 8 we took the fort after 2 days struggle. We lost our gunboat that was sunk and badly maimed. The killed and wounded could not be numbered on either side. Since we took this fort they found a pit in the found 25 dead bodies in that the rebels had burned thy had not got time to get them away (Fort Walker, Hilton Head, SC, December 1, 1861).

James continued to write his family of the many battles he and William fought in the Carolinas: We had a battle on James River we landed we had about four thousand men the fire of one of the gunboats the rebels was thrown back 4 times one our regiment had orders to march up before the enemy. The enemy was in the woods. We drove them from the river shore…we took a fort and eighteen gun our regiment marched up before the rebels when they opened fire on us we bagan to fire on them the fight lasted nearly two hours and the rebels retreated about two miles back into the woods. The 70

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gunboats there shells into the woods and killed a great many. We only one man and 6 wounded but most fatal our major was wounded in the fight a negro that came from the main land and said we killed nearly 500 rebels the rebels came in the night with the flag of truce and wanted 10 hours to carry off their dead. Our general gave them one hour. They carryed off the dead by the cartloads we feel well since the battle that we come off as well as we did and hope to have another (Fort Walker, Hilton Head, SC, January 6, 1862).

Some of James’ officers were less eager for battle, especially cowardly Captain Turner. [While] bombarding Fort Walker [Turner] was so frightened him so he sh*t his britches…no fooling about it, reported James (January 26, 1862). Turner resigned from the position for cowardice and Doyle took his commission. Turner’s reaction is more understandable after James described the skirmish to his family: Some of our company killed one of their officers on horseback, thare was five ball holes through him [the Rebels] killed on of our men and wounded eight the gun boats threw shells in to them. One shell killed ten or twelve men they could so them with thare spy glasses legs and arms and heads flew in every direction when the shells busted. They can throw them just where they have a mind to they can thro them four miles if they wanted to (January 26, 1862).

The coast calmed for a short while and the brothers stood guard at the fort for most of February. When spring arrived, so did the artillery guns. The action inhibited James from writing letters to his friends. His sweetheart, Cordillia Fulk, wrote a desperate letter to him: My dear I have begun to think you are ded or sic or what can the matter be that you don’t write anymore…it has bin one month now sense I received your last on but I am looking for one everyday…my dear remember me BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Michigan

how many miles apart remember me when this you see and place it in your heart remember that I will you the same (March 8, 1862).

Another friend and fellow soldier, John Davis, wrote him a similar letter and checked for vital signs: James I would like to see you and have a long chat with you both but we cannot tell when we will be together again it will be some time…I think I have heard your regiment has been in a fight since you left Michigan…if you see a rebble sick you must give him pill in order to have him take it you must put it in your rifle and then give it to him with a little powder in the bottom (Benton Barracks, St. Louis, February 12, 1862).

James administered a lot of medicine in the form of powder and shells to the enemy. The fights continued on into April. William described it to his sister: Our troops made an atact on Fort Pulaski. We have been to work a great while to get things fixed to take this fort. We have 6 batteries the whole 26 pieces. Our men had all the work to do in the night on account of the rebels shelling them. Our regiment lays on Tybee Island about a half a mile

from the fort there is to holes through the fort large enough to drive a load of hay in…(Port Royal, April 14, 1862).

The next day, William wrote his father in more detail: As soon as it was daylight [we fired on the fort] and kept up a steady roaring all that day and the next day until three in the afternoon when the rebels hoisted a flag of reduce and our men started firing and the general and a few more went over to the fort and he came back and said they had surrendered. And they took one regiment of our men and put them on the fort to guard the prisoners we took three hundred and fifty prisoners. It was an awful sight to look at the fort it was a large fort made of brick lad in sement the walls are 15 feet through one side of the fort and in one hour more they would have broke through into the magazine and blown it is said to be as strong a fort as there is in seecshdom…one regiment lay of a distance off about the distance of to miles and a half when they fired from the fort the shells passed directly over our heads some would burst and drop all around us. There is sait to be 50 guns in the fort (April 15, 1862).

On the morning of April 16, William postmarked his letter home.

Later that day, several companies including James’ and William’s took a wrong turn. They encountered a rebel picket post. The surprise resulted in heavy casualties on both sides, one of whom was James Barton. William was unable to comfort his brother in his last moments and say his last goodbye. He did; however, see his brother fall. He has fallen for a good cause, wrote William to his parents, He fought brave and faced the enemy like a man. A nobler heart never beat beneath any man either on the battlefield or anywhere else (Beaufort, SC, April 26, 1862).

Fighting continued and William wrote many letters home describing enemy movements and being under fire: The enemy was stationed all along the ditch on both sides of the road and as fast as one man would come on site they would fire at us. That after a short time the 79 one company of them came up on the left and fired them they did stand long then. They broke for the woods. As soon as they began to retreat our men came up on double quick. Laid down the bridge then crossed the infantry then the rear leg sent them after the enemy by that time they had got sent more regiments that could over power our force that we had that day. Our troops was so fatigued with the extremely hot weather. I was never so uneasy [illegible] as I was then….The 50th Pennsylvania took the levi that day the fiercest fight they have ever been in they had 9 killed 7 wounded. There was a captain killed dead on the spot shot through the head the wounded are getting along well. They are not mortally wounded (Beaufort, SC, May 31, 1862).

A string of demoralizing Union losses happened in the summer including a failed attempt to take Charleston by land. William wrote: [I have never seen a] sight before in all my days I never want to see the same again. Our regiment was cut to pieces we did not get help soon

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Michigan enough to take the fort I was able to retreat the fort cant be taken by charge it has got to be shelled and our men is making preparations for an atact. I think they will be ready to open on them about next Monday morning. There was 94 killed wounded and missing from our company and out of the regiment 900 and 10 killed wounded and missing and 93 out of that regiment is missing our loss in all is 600 and 74 in all (No. 2, partial letter, no date).

As in life, the boys were close in death. William died of wounds incurred on the field in Alexandria, VA; five months after James. Mary Jane mournfully wrote, James H. Barton shot Apr. 16 in the US service in a skirmish near fort pulaski in Georgia age 22 yrs 6 mo and 12 days.

Underneath James’ entry she wrote, Wm. E. Barton died Sept. 16th in the US service from a wound received at the battle of manasses state of VA age 20 years 1 mo 13 days.

Beyond William and James, the Bartons had several other members in the family and friends fighting for the Union. Their cousin Matthew B. Mallory served as an engineer in the 21st MI Volunteer Infantry. He wrote to Mary Jane from Chattanooga: [I] am still working on a bridge and expect to stay here about two months more and then expect to go upon Lookout Mountain to build some hospitals expect to stay there six months (Chattanooga, TN, May 1, 1864).

Unfortunately, Mallory suffered the same fate as his cousins. Just a year after enlisting, he was wounded in Bentonville, NC. Nine days later, he died of his wounds on March 28, 1865.

A family friend, Jacob M. Hale, served in the same regiment as Mallory and worked as a missionary to slaves. He wrote to his wife, Mary, discussing news from his hospital bed: I am improving in helth some although it is very sickly to hear among us eleven died in two days in the hospital since we started from Vicksburg

115 Sergeant David Holmes, 20th Michigan Infantry, KIA Cold Harbor, Civil War Diary, Correspondence, & Sketchbook Pocket diary for the year 1858; 5 war-date letters (including 3 soldier’s letters); pocket diary partially spanning 1862-1863; sketchbook from the 1864 Overland Campaign; miscellaneous Holmes family documents.

On July 2, 1862, following heavy losses in the Peninsula Campaign, President Abraham Lincoln called on the states to raise “three hundred thousand more” soldiers for the Union army. Twenty-one-year-old David Clinton Holmes answered this call when he enlisted into the Union army on July 23, 1862. A printer by trade, Holmes hailed from Pulaski, MI, in Jackson County. Holmes mustered into “H” Company of the 20th Michigan Infantry on August 19, 1862. On September 1, 1862, Holmes and his regiment departed Jackson, MI, to join the Army of the Potomac.

According to a regimental history compiled by General Byron M. Cutcheon of the 20th, this regiment was “always at the front, was never stationed in a fort, never on duty at the rear, but was constantly on the fighting line.” Holmes would see action throughout his enlistment including at the Battles of Fredericksburg; Horse Bend, KY; Vicksburg, MS; Blue Springs, TN; Wilderness; Spotsylvania; and finally at Cold Harbor where he lost his life. The Civil War-era manuscript material in the collection provides insight into the rigors of daily life for a Civil War soldier, but it is in his artistic renderings that Holmes paints the most vivid and relatable portrait of his wartime experiences.

An interesting element to this collection is that a pre-war diary is included with the Civil War materials. The 1858 diary allows for an exploration of the civilian life Holmes left behind, which only heightens the longing later revealed in his wartime writings and illustrations. The pocket diary spans January 1st through December 31, 1858.

The interior cover page of the diary was inscribed by Holmes as follows: D. C. Holmes “Citizen Office,” Jackson, Jackson, Co. Michigan, January 1st, 1858. The diary begins on January 1st with this musing 72

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many are sick on every boat about four hundred sick on the hospital boat…Many are having the feaver and ague and dijarea I think if we were cept down at Vicksburg we should all ben sick and the most of us would have died (On the Mississippi River, July 13, 1863).

He recovered. The next month, Hale wrote a letter directly to Hiram Barton explaining the desolation of both the land and soul in the South: Last year when the bombs and shells were flying thick and fast and lay over the ground now on that ground the gospel is preached and have had daily school but the teacher has died across the river from Vicksburg.

There is about four or five hundred of coloured people who have ben under the yoke of oppression who have been laboring for their masters all their days. Many have become rich have prospered like the green bay tree.

Many have not had the privilege of worshipping the lord only as they stole away after a hard day’s labour in some secreted place and had a worship sometimes the master or overseer would find it out and strip them to the hide and lash them from three to five hundred blows. Scars they will carry to the grave yet amid this many are shining not with color of the outward [illegible] man but I find by conversing with many they are laying up a treasure that out sine all the riches of the south or north or east or west there is great faith among them…They have many good preachers some who can’t read. Perhaps you would be glad to hear how we are gitting along we have had some hard struggles awhile back we have killed some who have ben on this boat as prisoners took the oath and went at it again (Milliken’s Bend, August 6, 1864).

Fortunately, Hale did not share the same fate as the Bartons or their cousin. He returned home to his farm and family after the war and died of heart disease in 1879.

Acquired from the Miller Family Estate, Upper Arlington, Ohio $1,500 - $2,500

from Holmes: The New Year! yes the New Year, a whole year is now before the world, it is not only New Years here but all over the whole world. Many will hail it with gladness, but a silent tear passes over my cheek as I think of the past. Mother, brother, Sisters, and old friend whom I now hold dear, I heartily “Wish you a happy New Years;” to my enemies (if I have any) may they seek to do their utmost in gratifying their revenge, and them, a Happy New Years to them. He then continues, What am I doing today I ask myself. Why nothing that is, in particular, got up swept out the office and I then loafed. This loafing is hard work, but then it is New Year. Throughout the diary, Holmes demonstrates a youthful exuberance and sense of BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Michigan

humor: January 12 All quiet and cool in the Office today, only a wee bit of a skirmish in the afternoon no body killed. Set type went on errands.

Holmes writes often about his work in the printing industry as in this January 7th entry: Publication day, and a busy day too papers to work off, forms to wash, water to carry, papers to fold, and the City papers to carry make a fellow “git up and git!” He writes about his family and longing for letters from home. Lengthy stretches without correspondence were a great source of frustration to Holmes as he angrily recorded on July 28, 1858, Letters: if I ever was mad I’m mad now, no letters! What does it mean have all the folks slighted me. I’ll get up a new set, blow me if I don’t! If I do get one now, if I write back, shoot me! A whole week without a letter!

His entries are often rife with philosophical whimsy as in this March 1858 entry: Riches…What are they composed of: owning a fine house, grounds, a splendid stone, (not paid for). No Oh no! What then owning a large farm with fine houses barns and all the necessaries, and also (a mortgage on it) No oh no. What then owning a bank with 2 or 3 million dollars of notes out that you cannot redeem. Oh yes I have at last found out what true riches are mere phantoms. Holmes’ diary possesses some romantic whimsy as well. He writes about the possibility of finding a woman with whom he could share his life: June 7 A house, with a snug, nice little parlor, with books and a pretty little —— guess —— not very little, but plump, fair, and just about right. How pleasant it would be with dressing gown, slippers, the paper to read and a wife to listen….

This 1858 diary contains a limited number of sketches, including a self-portrait from August 3rd where Holmes illustrates himself in the uniform of Liberty Hose No. 3, the local fire brigade. You see that I am a member of fire Co. No. 3 the shirt is green, not a very good green in the above [illustration]. Holmes mentions the fire companies multiple times in the diary and it is clear he takes pride in his role as a fireman, just as he would later take pride in his role as a soldier for the Union.

The image of Holmes here is similar to a later self-portrait in one of his letters.

Perhaps the most prophetic entry in this diary comes on Sunday, November 21st when he writes, E.A.P. has often asked the question: “Dave aren’t you afraid to die? Do you feel as if you was ready to be called away at any moment without warning? He always seemed taken aback when I would answer, yes! But I again say “(Yes!!) I am ready at every moment and only wish to die quietly as did my father. It is true I have a great deal to expect good and bad, and is equally true that I have had both already, it is true that I have a purpose to live for – some object in view, If I die soon it surely would never be accomplished….

The first letter of the collection is dated July 28th, 1860. It is an ink copy of a letter that was originally written to David Holmes, and which he copied himself because It being written with a lead pencil was not likely to be preserved. The letter is from an unknown sender who wishes

to extol the virtues of a Miss Straight. The author explains that She is just as pretty a looking girl as there is in the city. He continues, If she will have you I advise you to marry her, for she will bring sunshine to your home, she will cheer you when in sorrow and will make you happy…. For all I do not know you, I think by the description that has been given me of you. I think you will make her as good a husband as she will a wife.

The next letter in the collection is written from David Holmes to Dear M. D. Dated June 2, 1862, it contains a wide range of miscellaneous bits and information. It is unique, however, because it once again features a self-portrait of Holmes in my new “Smoking Cap.” The third letter in the collection begins Holmes’ wartime correspondence, and primarily recounts details of his travel with the 20th Michigan Infantry Regiment to join the Army of the Potomac at the start of his enlistment. It is written on October 7, 1862 – a little over a month after his departure from Michigan – from Camp near Antietam Creek, Md. The letter is written almost as if he is recording individual diary entries. His initial reports show Holmes to be in good spirits and impressed by the beauty of the terrain over which he journeys. Sunday 21 – We are seemingly at the foot of the Blue Ridge Mountains yet they are 5 miles away. From where we lie the scenery is grand. Was Sergeant of the Rear Guard yesterday and last eve. I stand the march well. Do not march today.

As Holmes moves closer to the heart of the conflict, however, he encounters more evidence of battle and carnage. The next day’s entry in his letter describes the aftermath of fighting in South Mountain: At 9 o’clock we reached the foot of Blue Ridge. Saw the place where the 17th Mich made their celebrated charge after the rebels. Evidence of the late fight all along the road. Houses fluttered [?] with shot and dead horses tell the tale. Where we encamped for the night but a short distance from us were buried nearly 40 soldiers, mostly from Wisconsin. The fight took place here Sunday week. The following day the regiment arrived at Antietam.

Once again Holmes recorded the bleak reminders of what had transpired and of what was yet to come for him: Over the battle ground of Wednesday today. Dead horses, shells, houses riddled tell that the rebels had been here and been driven out in a hurry. Passed through Boonsboro & Sharpsburg – every church & public building is used as a hospital and scarcely a house in either town but has been pierced by a shell. Holmes ends the letter encouraging his brother to Write once a week without fail….

Just a few weeks before Holmes penned the previous letter to his brother, he begins writing in his wartime journal. This journal begins with his enlistment in September 1862 and ends in October 1863.

The exterior cover is missing from this well-worn journal, and it is discolored in places with both the passage of time and perhaps dirt or blood from the field of battle. The binding remains intact, however, and with few exceptions the print is legible throughout.

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Michigan

The majority of the diary details what Holmes refers to as “Regimental Memoranda” or “Company Memoranda,” typically straightforward descriptions of regimental troop movements and marches, tasks to which he was assigned, names of officers and changes in leadership, and small skirmishes encountered along the way. Holmes frequently interjects his thoughts on all that transpires as in this December 1862 entry following the Battle of Fredericksburg: Our part in the disastrous battle of Fredericksburg was very unimportant. The old adage of “20,000 men marched up the hill & then marched down again tells the whole story.”

As the diary progresses it is clear Holmes has less and less time for journaling. His initial entries in 1862 are lengthier and more descriptive than his entries from 1863. His typically neat script becomes hurried and less legible. This corresponds to the increase in action Holmes experienced following his March 1863 transfer to the Western theater where he subsequently fought in battles including Horseshoe Bend, KY (May 5, 1863); Vicksburg, MS (May-July, 1863); and Blue Springs, TN (October 10, 1863). Little description of these engagements is recorded. Of the battle at Blue Springs Holmes simply writes Saturday 10 – Marched out to Blue Springs. At 4 o.c. our Brigade advanced and drove the rebels about a mile & a half. Co. H. lost 1 killed 2 wounded…. As the fighting intensified for his regiment, Holmes begins to record the mounting number of casualties. A later page from the diary begins Casualties in Co H since May 5 and is followed by a list of men and the date they were deceased.

The wartime diary also includes a few sketches though these are much less detailed than those in the 1864 sketchbook. Most notably the diary includes a two-page inventory of his and Dr. H T. Cliff’s effects from Oct 23, 1863. Included in their effects are a multitude of items including the following: blankets, knapsacks, canteens and utensils, an assortment of food staples, boots and clothing, ink pens and holders, drawing books, a spyglass, a tobacco box with two pounds smoking tobacco, a boxing manual, two bacon sandwiches and ¼ tomato pie.

Shortly after this inventory was taken Holmes was dispatched for recruiting duty in Michigan. The next item in the collection is from this period of Holmes enlistment. In a brief letter written from Ann Arbor and dated March, 24, 1864, David Holmes addresses his Dear Brother & Sister, Winslow Hale “W. H.” Holmes and Theresa Holmes, to let them know he intends to come down for a visit. A separate, hand-written notation at the bottom of this letter has been added and reads: He came to see us for the last time and returned to the army, and was killed June 7, 1864, at Cold Harbor. W. H. Holmes.

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In April 1864 following recruitment duty in Michigan, David Holmes rejoined his regiment in Annapolis, MD. Here the 20th was preparing for entry into Grant’s Overland Campaign. It was during this time that he began drawing in his sketchbook. At just under 4.5 x 6.25 in., this small notebook self-titled Sketches around the Camp easily would have fit into the pocket of a soldier’s uniform. The front and rear covers are separated from the spine of the notebook, but the rest of the notebook is intact.

Given that Holmes had only recently returned from a visit to his beloved home and family, it is no surprise that the first drawing on the title page of his sketchbook is captioned simply HOME and includes the text Pulaski, Jackson Co. Michigan 1864. It is a loving rendition of a farmhouse surrounded by a fence and trees, and enclosed in framelike fashion with a wreath of foliage. Perched atop this wreath is a soldier at rest which one can only assume is Sgt. Holmes himself.

Each drawing thereafter is carefully numbered and thoughtfully sketched. A thin, blue piece of tissue paper separates each page in the book. While in some places the pencil sketches and notations are faint, overall the imagery is clearly visible. Most sketches are captioned.

Holmes’ sketchbook captures images that on one level present his specific experiences, and yet in other ways remain representative of Civil War soldiers on every field of battle. He drew soldiers engaged in daily tasks of marching, eating, and building breastworks; he drew deserters and escaped slaves; he drew the battleground and rows of dead soldiers. Captions include “Fartherest Out – How are you Johnny Reb”; Deserters – Coming over naked, being examined by Major Barnes; “Contrabands.”; Ready to March; and House near picket-post, Spotsylvania, Va. May 10th.

While Holmes pre-numbered the pages up to page 78, his last rendering is found on page 13. Here Holmes sketched a Union soldier sitting casually while at rest in his lean-to. The notation underneath the drawing reads His last drawing – just finished it previous to going out on the skirmish line. It is intended to represent Lieut Barnard, smoking behind the breastworks. Truly Your Friend, H. T. Cliff .

Sergeant David C. Holmes was killed June 7, 1864, during ongoing hostilities at the Battle of Cold Harbor, VA. Just a day prior, he had written a letter to his brother and sister. In this letter a more war-weary Holmes emerges, It does me a “heap” of good to get such cheerful letters from you, and I look forward, hopefully, to the time when once again, in peace, I can enjoy with you the blessing of home. Once in a while it looks doubtful, most every day I see some of my comrades taken away, but then I think “will not that Providence which has so kindly protected me this far bring me safely back to you.”

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Michigan Holmes endured seemingly ceaseless fighting and, especially during the Overland Campaign, witnessed enormous loss of life. In this final letter he includes a company statement since the commencement of Battles on the 5th of May and includes a list of Casualties by date beginning May 7 and continuing through June 3. Twenty men with their name, rank, and cause of death are listed. He details his regiment’s advance and remarks often on the near constant shelling from the Confederates. As I conclude this letter another shell came over hurting nobody. Holmes’ good fortune did not hold and he was mortally wounded the very next day.

Without knowledge of his brother’s passing, W. H. Holmes writes his brother on June 13th, the final wartime letter in the collection. This letter reveals the toll war takes on the families left behind as they are left to wonder and wait for news of loved ones. With breathless silence we often think of the movements of the grand army, and wonder how our brother gets through the trials of war, when a good letter comes and tells us “All safe, so far.” W. H. Holmes later offers encouragement to David:

Now Brother, I know you must be tired, but hopeful, hope is what keeps the heart up. I wish I could step in and relieve you a few days. I would gladly do it to give you rest. Later he offers one piece of advice, Universal Freedom and liberty will yet prevail let the ball roll on “we conquer or die” “Put your trust in Providence and keep your powder dry.”

The remainder of the collection consists of a small leather case containing miscellaneous family documents and another small sketchbook of unknown date. While a few war-related images are included, this Holmes sketchbook is less formal and predominantly features images of men in frontal or side view portraits.

One final item of note is a pencil rendering of a tombstone that bears the inscription his family intended for a grave marker. It reads: David Clinton Holmes/ Company H/ 20th Regt Michigan Infantry/ Killed in a Skirmish/ At Cold Harbor Virginia/ June 7, 1864/ “A true and noble patriot/ was fallen fighting for his/ country”/ We will only think of you/ as sleeping, brother,/ Underneath that southern tree. $2,500 - $4,500

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Iowa

116 Corporal Joseph L. Steele, Iowa 2nd Cavalry, Archive Incl. 1862 Diary, Prosthetic Leg, Photographs, and More Lot of 20.

Twenty-three-year-old Joseph Loring Steele enlisted as a private on August 14, 1861. On the first of September, he mustered into the 2nd Iowa Cavalry, Co. C. While out in the field in 1862 he kept a daily journal, briefly recording his service and experiences while assisting General Pope in the reduction of New Madrid and Island No. 10. Many entries describe abandoned artillery pieces, captured prisoners, and scouting parties. In 1864 Steele’s service took a dire turn. During battle in Collierville, TN, a rebel soldier shot him in the left leg. In order to

save his life, doctors amputated the leg above the knee—8 in. from his body. The army granted Steele an honorable discharge from service on October 1, 1864 in Memphis, TN. He received a prosthetic leg (5.5 x 30 in.) made of metal and leather that still retains his original worn boot. As a souvenir, he kept the bullet that took his limb and almost cost him his life. The prosthetic leg and bullet as well as 4 post-war diaries; 2 silver gelatin photographs of the veteran, ca 1920; chevrons from his cavalry jacket; 2 newspaper clippings concerning his regiment; a 5 dollar Confederate note; his personal narrative of his record of service during the Civil War; and more are included in the lot. $2,000 - $3,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Kentucky 117 Colonel Richard C. Dawkins, Co. B, 6th Regiment, Kentucky Volunteers, Civil War Journal, 1862-1863 Journal, 7.25 x 11.75 in., identified to R.C. Dawkins, Co. B, 6th Regiment, Kentucky Volunteer Infantry on journal’s first page, approx. 105pp with entries.

As a border state, the political climate during the Civil War was particularly fierce in Kentucky. The state chose to remain neutral at the beginning of the war. After Confederate General Leonidas Polk failed to take the state, it petitioned the Union for assistance, making it a solidly Union state. Many Kentuckians fought for the Confederacy and Union. Over 100,000 of its citizens fought for the Union while between 25,000 and 40,000 Kentuckians answered the call for the Confederacy. One of the thousands of Kentuckians who fought for the Union was Richard C. Dawkins, who joined the Union on September 23, 1861. He mustered into the 6th Kentucky Infantry, Co. B as a private on November 1, 1861. Quickly climbing through the ranks, he received two promotions within his first year of service, including 2nd lieutenant and 1st lieutenant. He continued to rise until his final commission as colonel, given to him on September 16, 1864. From 1862 until December 1863, he kept the journal offered here.

Almost immediately, Dawkins begins in the thick of action at the Battle of Stones River. He writes: The rebels moved forward we advanced toward back of them for a few roels(?) and a terrific fire ensued from both sides and then commenced the world of destruction our brigade was separated from our regiment leaning to the right and the rest of the regiments being to the left on order to avoid enclosures of the advantage of the timber that was near the fight had become terrific a continuous roar of cannon and muskets our regt had to fight very hard as we were alone in the woods and several rebel regiments coming down upon us we fought them for some time and our ammunition give out when releaf come to our assistance when we returned to replenish our selves with ammunition three regiments come up to welcome us but as we returned they followed…we returned to the seam of action which was still raging we joined our Brigade which was lying in a position of right angles…about 4 o’clock when a desperate effort was ready to turn our left they come down upon us by thousands but all in vein they had to return much faster than they come here is where Breckenridge lost about 17 vo seventeen hundred men in about 15 minutes we drove them three or four miles when night overtaken us and had to stop that was their last desperate effort…the Rebels commenced to retreat and left us victorious (near Murfreesboro, TN, January 3, 1863).

The joy of victory soon dissipated as he considered the overwhelming number of lives lost. It was horrible to go over the field of battle to see the mangled bodies by the thousands lying in every direction….and then the poor wounded lying moning in the mud awaiting their time for assistance many I have no doubt die for the want of attention but it cant be helped, he wrote (near Murfreesboro, TN, January 3, 1863). The scene was similar to the carnage he experienced at the Battle of Shiloh. One hundred and seven men were either killed or wounded in Dawkins’ regiment at Stones River, 55 fewer men than Shiloh.

Beyond his own movements, Dawkins meticulously recorded every major detail of the war including other major generals’ movements and battles, listing the number of casualties and prisoners for each.

Meanwhile, his regiment continued to fight. While preparing his regiment for the battle at Chickamauga, he noticed rebel troops moving the land and digging trenches at a furious pace. Even though the generals planned for Dawkins’ regiment to act as a reserve, quickly into the battle it engaged in the heaviest fighting. Dawkins wrote: When the fight commenced [September 19th] in earnest and one of the most terrific battles that was ever fought was fought on that ground the fight raged with determination to concur on both sides during the day our lines being sometimes concluded to give back and then we would turn and run them still farther in return thousands of soles were launched into eternity during the day and not until the darkness of heavens caused a separation did it seace but at night our lines occupying the same ground they held in the morning sink their weary columns to rest for a few short hours to be awakened by the thunder of cannon and the roar of musketry but not so in the morning and with it the still calm undescribed breath 76

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of a lovely Sabbath morning. All remained quiet until, the rebels were discovered advancing they had been largely reinforced during the night.

The fight ensued at a furious pace as Rebel troops attempted to surround the 6th Regiment. Dawkins continued, our left and our bridge had to fall back, things began to look discouraging but as our little army had never met with a reveance(?) it seemed as though they could not give up the field and then to think of giving up a battlefield where so many of our brave fellow soldiers and friends lay wounded and dying it was hard, but such had to be done (September 19, 1863). Dawkins recorded the long list of names of the fallen or wounded he knew were dead.

The end of the journal was not the end of Dawkins’ military career.

He continued to march and fight in the Atlanta Campaign and participated in the battles at Kennesaw Mountain and Resaca. He and the regiment remained in Tennessee until he mustered out of service on January 5, 1865. He then received his doctorate in dental surgery from Philadelphia Dental College, married Lizzie B. Williams, and lived a quiet life as a dentist in Decatur, IL. He died in 1880.

The excerpts above are only a small sample of the very detailed account. Unlike many soldiers, Dawkins was hyper aware of his regiment’s movements during battle and recorded almost every action volleyed from either side. His attention to detail and strategic planning explains his successful military career. Inside the journal, hand-drawn maps of Shiloh, Bull Run, Ft. Donelson, and the vicinity of Richmond cover the front and back pages of the journal. $5,000 - $10,000

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JOHNSON’S ISLAND COMMANDANT COLONEL W.S. PIERSON PRESENTATION SWORD 118 Johnson’s Island Prison Camp Commandant, Colonel William S. Pierson, Presentation Sword and Appointment Request A fancy grade presentation quality sword, owned by General William S. Pierson (18151879), Commander of Johnson’s Island Prison Camp. Accompanied by a “true copy” of a letter from Lieutenant Colonel William Hoffman, 8th Infantry and Commissary General of Prisoners, 1p, 7.5 x 9.5 in., on Office of Commissary General of Prisoners letterhead, Columbus, OH. December 17, 1861. A letter addressed to Ohio Governor William Dennison, in which Hoffman requests that Pierson be appointed commander of the guard for the Depot of Prisoners of War at Sandusky, Ohio. Matted and framed, 13.5 x 15.5 in.

From the Mexican War era, this sword has a double edged 31 in. acid etched blade with patriotic symbols, scrollwork, and W.H. Horstmann/ & Sons/ Philadelphia. Ricasso with crowned head in profile stamp, a Solingen mark. The hilt is in gilt brass and coin silver with coin hexagonal grip with floral and geometric engraving. The pommel is 2.5 in. high full-bodied eagle standing on a dome with gadrooned border. The counterguard, also in gilt brass, is cross shaped, with cast relief Liberty Cap, weapons, and acanthus leaf design on left side and spread winged eagle atop pike with Liberty Cap, other edged weapons, and acanthus leaves. In the center of the cross guard, a square box is engraved with monograms, WSP. (See detail on page 3.) A brass chain knuckle guard attached to the underside of eagle’s beak. Overall length is 38.5 in. The scabbard is brass with cast scrollwork carrying mounts and drag. One face has nice scrollwork engraving and martial symbols with US shield. Gilt is worn, else excellent.

Pierson, originally a Connecticut native, emigrated to the Firelands of northern Ohio, and at the outbreak of hostilities enlisted as a major in Hoffman’s Battalion of the 128th Ohio Volunteers. His rise in the 128th was rapid; he was commissioned colonel, and charged with organizing and overseeing construction of Johnson’s Island prison camp located in Sandusky Bay of Lake Erie, just offshore from present-day Toledo, OH. Built on a 300-acre island, the camp was initially built to hold 1000 men; by war’s end its population had swelled to more than 3000, including seven Confederate generals.

Provenance: Sword was purchased from a direct descendant of Pierson; formerly part of the Elmer Grimm collection; previously sold in these rooms, November 15 & 16, Historic Americana Auction, Lot 688; consigned by a private collector.

Lot includes provenance information, brief biographical notes on Pierson, and a great deal of information regarding Johnson’s Island.

An exceptional presentation grade sword with great history and provenance accompanied by an equally important appointment request. $10,000 - $15,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Johnson’s Island Prison Camp

119 Rare Civil War Autograph Book of Confederate Prisoner’s At Johnson’s Island, Ohio Quarto album in pebbled calf, 8 x 5.5 in., with gilt imprint Autographs on cover, inscribed on a free end paper, To Miss Laura H. Doane From a Friend. “Military Prison”, Johnsons Island, Feb 24th/64, 62pp. An extraordinary album, apparently compiled by a Confederate internee at this island prisoner-of-war camp located in Lake Erie just off present-day Sandusky, OH. Nearly 3000 CSA officers were held here.

Approximately 377 Confederate officers’ signatures are inscribed on the front and back of each page. Many of the signers include their name, rank, regiment, hometown, and date and place of capture. Most of the autographs were collected in 1863.

The range of signatures in the album is breathtaking, including officers serving with Colonel John S. Mosby, the Washington Artillery of New Orleans, and a host of Arkansas units. The album also features autographs of the following Confederate Generals: Brigadier General William N.R. Beale (1825-1883). Commander of the post at Port Hudson, LA, where he was captured on July 9, 1863; Major General Isaac Ridgeway Trimble (1802-1888). Severely wounded at Second Manassas, he returned to the field in time for Gettysburg, succeeding William Dorsey Pender on the second day, taking command of his division while it was forming for Pickett’s charge.

Wounded during the charge, he lost his leg, was taken prisoner, and not exchanged until February 1865; Brigadier General John R. Jones. (d. 1901). A captain in the Stonewall Brigade, he was made brigadier at the insistence of Jackson himself.

Wounded at Second Manassas, he took command of Jackson’s Division at Harper’s Ferry. Later he led his Brigade at Chancellorsville; Brigadier General William H. R. Payne (1830-1904), commissioned captain of the Black Horse Cavalry at Harper’s Ferry in 1861, he later commanded the 4th Virginia Cavalry during the Peninsula Campaign and was severely wounded at Williamsburg. After exchange and convalescence, he returned to combat, leading the 2nd NC cavalry at Chancellorsville. As part of Stuart’s Pennsylvania raid, his horse was shot from under him at Hanover, and wounded by a saber thrust, he was captured again. Sent to Johnson’s Island, he was exchanged and appointed brigadier general on November 4, 1864. Wounded again at Five Forks, he was captured in Richmond and again returned to Johnson’s Island;

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Brigadier General Levin M. Lewis, 3rd Missouri Volunteers, assigned

by General Edmund Kirby Smith as brigadier general in the TransMississippi Department on May 16, 1865; Brigadier General John W. Frazer, captured at Cumberland Gap on September 9, 1863 along with 2000 of his troops. He was charged with cowardice but was later cleared by CSA president Jefferson Davis.

A significant number of autographs are from Arkansas Confederates, a number of whom were captured at the Big Black Bridge, MS, and a number incarcerated after Lee’s Gettysburg campaign and thereafter.

Other conflicts include Ports Hudson and Gibson, Lookout Mountain, Champion’s Hill, Cumberland Gap, and more. Little is known of Laura Doan, the owner of the album, but her signature is also among the signers: Lt. L(aura)V. Doan, Co. (G) 2nd Mo. Regt. Captured Sturgeon, Missouri.

A remarkable album, previously sold in these rooms as Lot 417, Cowan’s Historic Americana Auction, May 4, 2002. $5,000 - $7,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Johnson’s Island Prison Camp

120 Johnson’s Island POW, Oswald Tilghman, Scrapbook of Quotations Compiled at the Prison Camp, 1864, Plus Lot of 3 items related to Oswald Tilghman (1841-1932), of Talbot County, MD. He was a descendant of Tench Tilghman, who served as secretary and aide to George Washington during the Revolutionary War. From 1894-1896, Oswald Tilghman served as the Maryland Secretary of State. Tilghman joined the Terry Texas Rangers about 1862 and was captured by the Union and held prisoner for one year on Johnson’s Island.

The lot features A Scrap Book of Quotations, compiled by Oswald Tilghman, Johnson’s Island, Ohio Prison Camp, Block 9, February 1864.

Approx. 59 pages of handwritten quotations, poems, Revolutionary War statistics and other items of interest written or gathered by Tilghman while imprisoned on Johnson’s Island. This is unique, and is much more than a Johnson’s Island autograph book. Maybe not

surprisingly, two themes run through many entries - love and death.

There is an entry on the Death of Brigadier General Charles H. Winder, “The Soldier’s Deathbed,” etc. But then there is also “Goober Peas.”

The notebook is filled right to the rear pastedown. There are even occasional short crisscross entries on full pages.

Photograph, 4.5 x 6.5 in., on 10 x 8 in., mount, of Oswald Tilghman on the Capitol steps as Maryland Secretary of State with Governor Frank Brown and two senior military officers. Major foxing.

Memoir of Lieut. Col. Tench Tilghman (Albany, 1876). Brown cloth over beveled boards, gilt lettering front and spine. Approximately 20 of the total 176 pages have glued articles from newspapers or other books superimposed over the text of the book. Someone has traced Tench Tilghman’s portrait on the tissue cover. Otherwise, in good condition. $3,000 - $5,000

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NOVEMBER 18, 2016 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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THE CIVIL WAR | Johnson’s Island Prison Camp 121 Johnson’s Island Confederate POW, Jim B. Jordan, Prisoner Letter and Cover, Plus CDVs Prisoner-of-war, Jim (James) Bell Jordan, 26th North Carolina Infantry. ALS, 1p, 7.75 x 9.75 in., Island Home. February 28, 1865. Letter to sweetheart Mattie Fearn, accompanied by original cover, stamped at left, Prisoner’s Letter/ Johnson Island, O./ Examined JC, and at right, Sandusky, O/ February 24, ‘65.

Framed together with 2 CDVs, presumably of Jordan and Fearn, 14.5 x 18 in. overall.

Several hundred prisoners have left this place already and will continue to do so...I shall go with the last of the Gettysburg prisoners, wrote Jordan to Fearn from Johnson’s Island on February 28, 1865. The Union converted the 300-acre island in Sandusky, OH into a prison that held nearly 10,000 Confederate officers and more than 15,000 men. Jordan was a lieutenant of the 26th North Carolina Infantry, Co. D. During the battle of Gettysburg, he received a wound in the hip on July 3, 1863. Union soldiers captured him two days later in a barn, converted into a temporary hospital. He arrived at Johnson’s Island on September 20, 1863 and transferred out to Point Lookout on March 21, 1865. Fearn and Jordan married after the war and moved to Florida in 1888. $500 - $700

Details

122 Johnson’s Island POW Captured at Gettysburg, Lieutenant Reuben Higgason, 5th Texas Infantry, Christmas Letter Discussing Prison Conditions Prisoner-of-war, Lieutenant Reuben Higgason, 5th Texas Infantry. ALS, 1p, 7.75 x 9.75 in., Johnson’s Island Near Sandusky Ohio. December 23, 1863. Addressed to his wife. No envelope.

Higgason writes, My dear wife, his being the third Christmas that I have spent away from home during this war....Today has been a very dull, sad day to me...having the least appearance of Christmas to me, to any I have ever spent before. He goes on to tell his wife not to worry and that he would be able to endure his stay better if he knew she was well. He and his regiment fought at Seven Pines, Cold Harbor, Chickamauga, Petersburg and Gettysburg, where it lost more than half its men. At Gettysburg, the regiment surrendered 12 officers and 149 soldiers, including Higgason, and sent them to Johnson’s Island Prison. The Union converted Johnson’s Island into a prison that held nearly 10,000 Confederate officers and more than 15,000 men until it closed in September 1865. $300 - $500

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THE CIVIL WAR | Johnson’s Island Prison Camp 123 Johnson’s Island Confederate POW, R.C. Wilson, Two Letters from Prison, Plus Prisoner-of-war, R.C. Wilson, 14th Tennessee Infantry. Lot of 3, including: ALS, 1p, 7.75 x 9.75 in., Johnsons Isle. November 9, 1864. Addressed to his mother.

ALS, 1p, 7.75 x 9.75 in., Johnson’s Island Ohio. January 3, 1865.

Addressed to his mother, and speaks of enjoying watching men skate on the ice.

Accompanied by envelope, dated April 3, 1864, with a Sandusky cancellation, addressed to Mrs. Nancy Wilson, Fort Donelson, Tenn., Care Jas. Pitt/ Capt. Gilson please forward.

Richard C. Wilson enlisted as a captain with the 14th Tennessee Infantry, Co. E, on June 1, 1861. He was captured during the war and sent to Johnson’s Island in August 1863. During his service, he never received a furlough or went home because of illness. As a result, the last time Wilson saw his family was when he left for the front. He fought at Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Appomattox, Manassas, Fredericksburg, and Chancellorsville.

At Gettysburg, over 50 percent of the 220 men in his regiment were disabled and surrendered 6 officers and 34 men. It is most likely that the Union captured Wilson at Gettysburg. $600 - $800

124 Johnson’s Island Prison Camp, Collection including Prison Guard CDVs, Letters, Plus Lot of 14, featuring: 2 CDVs of identified Johnson’s Island prison guards, including Private Adam Boehmler, 165th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Co. G (Akron, OH studio); and John A. Brown, 122nd New York, Co. H (Sandusky, OH studio).

2 CDVs of possible guards, including Homer H. Woodford (no unit identification but is wearing corporal stripes and credited to a Sandusky studio); and a view of two unidentified men, one of whom is wearing a military jacket and holding a bullwhip (Sandusky studio backmark).

CDV of 1st Lieutenant Orlin S. Hayes of the 128th OVI (Hoffman Brigade), plus 128th Ohio Volunteer Infantry reunion ribbon dated September 9, 1890.

2 ALsS (February 9, 1864 and April 12, 1864) from guard Willard Norton to his father; one envelope (cancellation date illegible) to Mr. Erastus Norton of Yafford (?), Onondaga Co., NY. Additional items include: Morning Report dated December 25, 1864, 10th Company, Block 5, Johnson’s Island Depot of Prisoners of War; “An Address at Johnson’s Island in Memory of the Confederate Soldiers….” By Landon C. Bell (1929).

Presentation copy from Mr. Bell to Hon. Harry G. Stuart; and 4 colored postcards of the USS Wolverine Erie, PA and its crew, the Block House at Johnson’s Island, and a Confederate cemetery. $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | Johnson’s Island Prison Camp 125 CSA General M. Jeff Thompson, POW Gratiot Street Prison, Fort Delaware, and Johnson’s Island, CDV Carte de visite of M. Jeff Thompson in uniform, with sword in hand, with E. & H.T. Anthony backmark. During the Civil War, Thompson (1826-1876) served in the Missouri State Guard as a cavalry commander. Known as the “Swamp Fox of the Confederacy,” Thompson combined erstwhile naval command and cavalry raiding with the colorful John Marmaduke in the Trans-Mississippi. He was captured in Arkansas in August 1863 and spent time at Gratiot Street prison in St. Louis, as well as the Fort Delaware and Johnson’s Island prisoner-of-war camps before being exchanged later in 1864.

Thompson played a role in Price’s Missouri Invasion and surrendered his command in Jacksonport, AR on May 11, 1865. $200 - $300

THE CIVIL WAR | John Yates Beall 126 Martyred Confederate Spy John Yates Beall, Rare CDV Carte de visite featuring bust image of John Yates Beall, no studio imprint, ca 1864-1865.

Jefferson County, VA (now West Virginia) native John Yates Beall (1835-1865) volunteered for service in the Virginia militia in 1859, after the raid of John Brown into the state. This unit became Company B of the 2nd VA Infantry when war was declared in April 1861. It was one of the earliest units in the field, and assigned to the 1st Brigade under the command of General Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson. While at home on furlough in October 1861, Beall volunteered to aid Turner Ashby, whose mission was to check the advance of the Federals on Charles Town, which was only partially successful. Beall jumped to the head of the militia to lead a charge to dislodge troops from a dismantled building on the outskirts of Bolivar. He took a minie ball in the chest. It was a glancing blow that broke three ribs and passed around his rib cage, a wound from which he never fully recovered.

He was finally discharged in spring of 1863. However, he was far from finished fighting for Virginia. He conceived of a number of small-scale operations, designed to inflict maximum disruption of enemy actions with minimum Confederate manpower. He was especially focused on maritime resources. He was appointed Acting Master in the Confederate Navy and given permission to recruit a troop of men not subject to conscription, men like himself with limited ability for field service, but still capable of small operations. During summer and fall, he captured a good many small Federal ships, destroyed Cape Charles lighthouse and cut a submarine telegraph cable. He was becoming such a problem that the Union assigned Brigadier General Wistar to the peninsula to capture Beall. Wistar had one African American regiment of infantry, two white cavalry, one artillery battalion and 10 gunboats - all to capture about 18 Confederate Marines. But Beall had accomplished his purpose - disrupt Union actions and draw off resources. And Wistar accomplished his - the raiders were all captured and taken to Fort McHenry where Beall was put in irons.

The Confederacy retaliated by taking an equal number of Federal prisoners hostage, until Beall was released from manacles and given the status of a POW, not a pirate. Eventually, he and all of his men were exchanged.

He again approached Secretary Mallory with several more proposals.

One was again harassment and capture of Federal ships along the eastern seaboard; another was doing the same with Great Lakes 82

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activity on the part of Federal ships, but with the additional goal of releasing prisoners from Johnson’s Island; and enlisting Southern refugees in Canada to go to Indian Territory Minnesota, and stirring up trouble among the tribes against the United States. Mallory discouraged the plan to release the prisoners, but prepared an expedition to operate from Canada, including going to Johnson’s Island (all without giving Beall credit or the opportunity to join the expedition).

Beall went to Canada, anyway, and contacted some of the Confederate expatriates there, and began capturing Federal ships.

He also took part under Captain Cole on another attack on the Island. However, before getting to that point, 17 of his 20 men mutinied, so he had to abandon his plans, leaving Cole unsupported and subject to capture. Beall escaped detection for a while, with many Confederates engaging in raids in the northern regions and

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THE CIVIL WAR | John Yates Beall escaping across the border into Canada, placing increasing strain on US-Canadian relationships. Finally, on December 16, 1864, Beall was captured after failed attempts to capture a military train between Buffalo and Dunkirk, NY. There followed a long, convoluted series of legal maneuvers, which included denial of counsel for Beall. He was tried as a pirate and spy, and, although he made numerous appeals on the grounds that he was a Confederate officer and attacking ships as an act of war, he

was convicted and sentenced to hang. Lincoln refused to act on his behalf, allowing the execution to go forward. There were delays, but in the end, John Yates Beall was hanged in New York City on Governor’s Island on the 24th of February, 1865. His last words as he stood on the gallows were, “I protest against the execution of this sentence. It is a murder. I die in the service and defense of my country.” Lincoln was haunted by the Beall case, and he later stated “There was this case of Beall on the lakes. That was a case where there must be an example.” $700 - $900

127 Trial of John Y. Beall as a Spy and Guerrillero, by Military Commission, 1865 Trial of John Y. Beall as a Spy and Guerrillero, by Military Commission. New York: Appleton, 1865. Small 8vo, no covers, 94pp. Disbound, title page with institutional rubberstamp and inked inscription, To the New Jersey Hist. Socy., from S. Alofsen, Jersey City, May 16, 1865. A report including the record of Beall’s trial in February 1865, with testimony, exhibits, and arguments of counsel. Beall sought to prove that he was a soldier in the regular army, not a guerrilla, and therefore entitled to the rights of a prisoner of war under the laws of war. However, Beall was found guilty and sentenced to be hanged. Despite the petition of over 90 congressmen, Lincoln refused to commute the sentence. $300 - $500

128 Memoir of John Yates Beall, by Daniel Lucas, 1865 Lucas, Daniel. Memoir of John Yates Beall: His Life; Trial; Correspondence; Diary; and Private Manuscript Found Among his Papers, including his own Account of the Raid on Lake Erie. Montreal: John Lovell, 1865. Small 8vo, bound in green leather and marbled boards, with gilt lettering on spine, 297pp. Free front end paper inscribed to Turner Ashby Beall from Miss Virginia Lucas (daughter of the author).

An exceedingly rare book, with only two other institutional holdings known to exist, including a copy at the Virginia Historical Society and another at the Charles Town, WV, Library. $900 - $1,200

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THE CIVIL WAR | John Yates Beall 129 Memoirs of Service with John Yates Beall, by W.W. Baker, Signed First Edition, 1910 Baker, W.W. Memoirs of Service with John Yates Beall, C.S.N. Richmond, VA: The Richmond Press, 1910. 8vo, green cloth covered boards, gilt title, 69pp. Front pastedown inscribed by the author, To Rev. Martin Johnson, W.W. Baker. Accompanied by slipcase. $400 - $600

THE CIVIL WAR | Confederate POWs | Autographs & Manuscripts 130 Fort Delaware Confederate POW, Berkeley Greene, 18th Mississippi Volunteers, Two Letters from Prison Prisoner-of-war, G. Berkeley Greene, 18th Mississippi Volunteers, 11th Division. Lot of 2, including ALS, 1p, 5 x 8 in., Fort Delaware, Delaware.

January 20, 1865. Addressed to a kind friend. The letter shares news from home and expresses hope for return home in a prisoner exchange.

ALS, 1p, 7.5 x 9.5 in., Fort Delaware, Del. February 6, 1865. Addressed to Mrs. Noddie Duckett. Expressing thanks for the $5 and expressing hope to be sent home in a prisoner exchange.

Fort Delaware became a prison in April, 1862 after the arrival of 258 Confederate prisoners captured at the Battle of Kernstown. The prison housed not only soldiers but also political prisoners and Union deserters. Nearly 33,000 men stayed at the Fort. Population peaked shortly after Gettysburg, with nearly 12,000 “guests.” Like many prisons, meager accommodations and overcrowding led to the death of over 2,000 men. The fort remained operational until 1947 when the United States Government declared it a surplus site. The state of Delaware acquired the land and transformed it into a national park space.

George Berkley Greene was a sergeant in the 18th MS Volunteers.

He enlisted on March 1, 1861 as a private. His regiment fought

at the Seven Days battles, most fiercely at Cold Harbor, as well as Chickamauga, Knoxville, Malvern Hill, Sharpsburg, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg. The Union captured many of the 18th MS at Sayler’s Creek. It is highly probable that the Union captured Greene there. $400 - $600

131 Point Lookout Confederate POWs, W.L. Patteson, A. Cook, & J.D. Pierce, Two Letters from Prison Lot of 2, including: CSA prisoner-of-war, W.L. Patteson. ALS, 1p, 4.75 x 8 in., Point Lookout Md. July 27, 1864. Addressed to Mrs. Clay of Kentucky. Patteson indicates he has been in the Union prison camp for some time, and is in need of a few articles of clothing. He provides his clothing sizes as well as a wish for some good chewing tobacco.

CSA prisoners-of-war, A. Cook and J.D. Pierce. ALS, 1p, 5 x 7.75 in., Point Lookout Md. August 1, 1864. Addressed to Mrs. Clay of Kentucky, thanking her for the items she sent them. They express the hope that some day we will be able to repay you for your kindness. Cook and Pierce indicate they are from near Hamburg, SC. Before the war, Point Lookout was a fashionable resort where the elite spent their leisure time. After the Battle of Gettysburg, it became the largest and most secure prison for the Union. Out of the 52,000 84

COWAN’S AMERICAN HISTORY

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THE CIVIL WAR | Confederate POWs | Autographs & Manuscripts Confederate soldiers incarcerated there, only 50 prisoners managed to escape but over 4,000 died under horrid conditions. W.L. Patteson, A. Cook, and J.D. Pierce were many of the unfortunate soldiers interred at the camp that managed to survive.

William Lee Patteson enlisted in the Confederate army on July 23, 1862. That same day he mustered in as a private in Dance’s Company, Virginia Artillery, also known as the Powhatan Artillery. He and his regiment were on duty in the Richmond area and fought in various conflicts from the Maryland Campaign to Cold Harbor.

Later, it participated in the siege of Petersburg and the Appomattox Campaign. The Battery lost twenty percent of the 78 engaged at Gettysburg and had many captured at Sayler’s Creek on April 6, 1865.

Patteson, erroneously listed as Patterson, became a POW at Waterloo, PA on July 4, 1863. He was confined to Fort Delaware five days later then transferred to Point Lookout on October 22, 1863. He was exchanged on February 18, 1865 and sent to Camp Lee the next day.

He was surrendered at Appomattox Court House on March 9, 1865.

Job D. Pierce enlisted in the army on April 7, 1862. He mustered in as a private of the 11th North Carolina Infantry, Co. F. The 11th North Carolina fought on many battlefields from Gettysburg to Cold Harbor, endured the hardships of the Petersburg trenches, and saw action around Appomattox. It lost over half of the 617 men at Gettysburg.

Pierce managed to escape death and capture at Gettysburg, but was listed as a POW at Burgess’ Mill, VA on October 27, 1864. He was confined at Point Lookout sometime before the end of the month. His co-author of the letter, A. Cook, is most likely John Cook.

John Cook was also a member of the 11th North Carolina Infantry.

He enlisted on May 5, 1862 and mustered in as a private in Co. B. He was wounded at Gettysburg on July 1st and captured the next day. First confined at Fort Delaware, he then transferred to Point Lookout on October 15, 1863. He was paroled on February 18, 1865 and transferred the next day. He most likely returned to the front but was captured again at Petersburg on April 2, 1865 and sent to Point Lookout again two days later. He and Pierce took an Oath of Allegiance at Point Lookout on June 26 and 16, 1865. $400 - $600

THE CIVIL WAR | Andersonville | Photography 132 Andersonville POW, Edward H. Risley, Civil War Tintypes, Diary Referencing Capture, & Additional Correspondence Lot of 30+ items related to Edward H. Risley, including 2 Civil Warperiod tintypes; partially printed document issued and signed by Connecticut Colonel, Ira W. Pettibone, appointing Risley as a corporal in Co. B, 10th Connecticut Regiment, dated September 1, 1862; Risley’s war-date diary, which references his capture; 15+ war-date letters, many accompanied by covers; a booklet entitled, A List of the Union Soldiers Buried at Andersonville, published by the Tribune Association, New York, 1866. Risley is referenced on p. 2; and post-war correspondence and documentation.

Edward H. Risley enlisted in the army as a private on March 11, 1861.

That same day, he mustered into the 3rd CT Infantry, Co. A. His service with the 3rd CT was relatively short. He mustered out three months later, but on October 1, 1861, he enlisted a second time and mustered into the 10th CT Infantry.

The archive features a sixth plate tintype of Risley as a young corporal, wearing a nine-button frock coat, the buttons highlighted in gold, his cap on the table beside him, with what appears to be a 10 on the top, housed in full case, and a ninth plate tintype of Risley, whose face appears more gaunt, wearing a kepi and button-down shirt, accompanied by an inked note that reads, Just from the Trenches, housed in full thermoplastic case.

The photographs are accompanied by several letters written by Risley from the field. After enduring heavy fire at Bull Run, he continued to courageously fight for his country. From Morris Island he wrote his mother: The Rebels undertook to capture the whole fleet last evening but was foiled in the attempt. We all turned out so if they had undertook to land on Morris Island they would have met with a warm reception…I was on [guard] three night times and the Rebs shelled us all night so we was glad to keep under cover (Morris Island, October 5, 1863).

It must have been an incredible feeling to ride the ironclads into battle and to see the spark of gunpowder and flashes of shelling in the night sky. At the battle of Roanoke Island, he described heavy combat to his mother.

We have met the enemy on the fields of Battle…you need not be alarmed about my safety….When the gunboats which were in advances of the Fort commenced to Bombard the fort which to me seemed some like Bull Runs. The Rebels returned the fire in good earnest as if they thought that they was so strongly fortified that the whole Union army could not take it. But our gunboat did not think so for they soon disabled the Guns in the

Fort so that but one could return the fire which they did till dark. About 2 o’clock Gen. Foster came in site on board the steamer Pilot Boy and told us to get ready to land. Which churned us up and we loaded the boat in all possible rank(?). As we had to land in the small boat and only 30 could go in the boat at once…there were some 500 men in tow on board the Pilot Boy as we neared the shore we thought we should meet with some resistance we could distinctly see the Rebels drawn up in a line of Battle.

To give us a good reception, But we soon flushed them out of that as a couple gunboats came behind us and then some shells over into their midst which made them scatter like a flock of sheep so that we landed without any opposition from the enemy whatever. Captain Otto was the second man ashore and the good old Flag of Connecticut was the first that was planted on Roanoke Island…The Stars and Stripes were planted by the Massachusetts boys first. We had to jump into the water to our waist when we landed and after we got landed it was not much better as we had to wade through the mud up to our knees and I came pretty near getting stuck once or twice but we was going through it live or die, which we did in the best of order….they continued to land troops all night long for that by morning we had some 10,000 men safely landed and ready for action (Board Schooner E.W. Farrington, Feb 11, Three days after the battle of Roanoke Island, 1862).

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THE CIVIL WAR | Andersonville | Photography

While serving in Florida, Risley and several men in his regiment were captured. He wrote in his diary, Arrived at Camp Call near Palatski, Fla. We are well treated so well that we hardly know we are prisoners of war (December 31, 1863). Being captured so close to Christmas meant that he and his fellow soldiers were well fed and given better treatment than most prisoners. Holiday cheer soon ended as did the good treatment. After arriving in Charleston at dark, he discovered what it was truly like to be a prisoner of war. His first night at camp, he was given no blanket to endure the chilly January night and no food to fill his empty stomach. Cold as the Devil, he wrote in his diary (January 8, 1864). He survived the bone-chilling weather and transferred to Andersonville prison in Georgia. There, he would meet his maker. He died of diarrhea on July 20, 1864. He was buried in a shallow grave with thousands of other unfortunate souls. Prior to his capture, he wrote his mother, Do not worry about me for I shall come out all right or if I fall you must remember that I did in my countrys cause which is a noble death (Roanoke Island, March 2, 1862). Although he did not die under more “heroic” circumstances, he perished for the same cause. His bones still remain underneath the prison ground.

The consignor relates that Secretary of Navy Gideon Welles lived next door to Edward Risley and his mother Sophrinia. The material was acquired from the Estate of Barbara Hutt, South Glastonbury, CT, the daughter of Charles Hutt and Nellie Bantle, whose mother was a Risley. Barbara Hutt lived in a house built in 1742 on Main St., South Glastonbury, five miles down the road from their original homestead on Main St., Glastonbury, CT. $1,000 - $2,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Andersonville | Photography 133 Pre-Civil War Sixth Plate Daguerreotype of Sylvester Willey, Possible POW at Andersonville, Plus Lot of 2, featuring a sixth plate daguerreotype of a young, welldressed man, with penciled notation inside the half case that reads, July 1854/ Remember thy Creator/ in the Days of thy/ Youth/ Sylvester Willey. Accompanied by copy of typed biographical summary of Simon Sylvester Willey, who, at the age of 29, enlisted in the Civil War on September 21, 1864 at Columbus, OH, and mustered in to the Ohio 22nd Light Artillery. His served for the next ten months, apparently on garrison duty, but spent the first four months of his service in the hospital at Knoxville, TN. Willey mustered out with his battery at Camp Chase, OH on July 13, 1865.

Although there is no indication in Willey’s military records that he was taken prisoner during the war, his daughter claimed he had served time as a POW at Andersonville prison in Georgia. The typed summary notes that she said her father “was half starved and weighed only 94 pounds.” However, the 1890 Surviving Soldiers of Noble Co., OH Census states the following in reference to Willey: “Disability: loss of right eye and chronic diarrhea. Was discharged by reason of surgeon’s certificate and general order No. 36 of 1862. Was totally disabled from performing military services.” No further information has been uncovered regarding Willey’s possible time at Andersonville.

A sixteenth plate tintype portrait of a young man wearing what appears to be a naval uniform, with anchor insignia on the collar, housed in full case, is also included in the lot. $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | Andersonville | Archive 134 Captain Abner Colby, Berdan’s Sharpshooters, POW, Archive Incl. USSS Medal, Ambrotype, Correspondence, & More Lot of 18+ items that appear to have belonged to Civil War Sharpshooter, Abner D. Colby. The items were recently found together in a wooden keepsake box at a Savannah, GA estate, and the consignor relates that the resident had moved south at some point from the Boston area.

In October 1861, Colby enlisted as a private in the New Hampshire Company (G) of the 2nd USSS and was later promoted to sergeant, having been present at all of the major battles fought by the famous Sharpshooters including Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg.

Sergeant Colby was captured on May 7, 1864 during the battle of the Wilderness and spent the next ten months in various Confederate prisons camps, among them the notorious Andersonville. In 1878 Colby applied for an invalid pension and wrote in his affidavit: “While my company was engaged in the battle of the Wilderness, Va. on the 6th day of May 1864. I was taken prisoner by the enemy while I was accompanying an aide of Gen. Birney, who was carrying an order. I had always been in good health up to this time. After being taken prisoner I was taken to Gordonsville, Va. where I remained about a week. I was then in prison at Lynchburg, Va. about a week. I was then sent to Andersonville, Ga. where I remained about four months.

I was then taken to Florence, S.C. where I remained about five and a half months. I was then paroled I think about February 1865, after having been a prisoner ten months nearly. After I had been at said Andersonville about two months I was taken with chronic diarrhea....”

Colby goes on to state in detail what occurred at Andersonville and Florence and how the captivity had ruined his heath 13 years later.

In March 1865 Colby returned to his company which had been transferred to the 5th New Hampshire Infantry the previous month.

Sergeant Colby was discharged at Concord, NH on June 21, 1865 and lived the rest of his life in Newton Center, MA. In 1886 (AGO Nov. 19, 1886) Colby’s service record was formally amended to reflect his promotion to 1st lieutenant (from June 11, 1864), and captain (from January 16, 1865). Officially then, Colby mustered out of the

sharpshooters as captain on June 21, 1865. The old soldier answered the final roll call on June 6, 1900.

The archive features the following: Berdan’s US Sharpshooter Medal with original, green silk ribbon, no identification, 3.625 in. ln.

GAR belt buckle, with hook and sizing attachments, replaced cloth belt.

Handbill headed Memorial Day at Andersonville, 1884, with a printed poem on the front written for Frank Smith, an Ex-POW at Andersonville, and a printed letter from Smith on the reverse, 5.5 x 9.5 in. It appears that this may have been sent to soldiers who served at Andersonville.

Pre-Civil War, sixth plate ambrotype of two men, uncased. Although unidentified, the gentleman at left appears to be Colby based on an

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THE CIVIL WAR | Andersonville | Archive identified Civil War-era CDV of the sharpshooter. Colby was an engineer before and after the war, and the man at left looks to be holding rolled-up plans.

Letter and envelope from Colby’s wife Amelia, addressed to Captain Abner D. Colby, Co. G 2nd USSS, Military Prison Florence, SC, where he was incarcerated. The letter did not reach Colby in prison. In 1873 it was returned to his wife with a letter explaining that it could not be delivered to him, which is also included with the archive.

Colby’s handwritten marriage certificate, dated April 20, 1864, completely split in half, as well as obituaries of Colby and his wife. One obituary confirms his service with Berdan’s Sharpshooters and provides additional information about Colby, noting his work as an engineer before and after the war. He was also a fireman.

The archive also includes additional correspondence and ephemera related to the Colby family, which has a rich American History. Abner Colby’s relatives, including his grandfather, were Revolutionary War veterans, and it appears that his daughter Elfie joined the Daughters of the Revolution after extensive vetting. She provided detailed genealogy records, which are discussed in some of the documents offered

here, that were supported by multiple published history books. The historical Macy-Colby house museum in Amesbury, MA was home to seven generations of Colbys. Accompanied by late 19th century reprint of New York Herald dated April 15, 1865, announcing Lincoln’s assassination. $1,500 - $3,000

THE CIVIL WAR | Libby Prison | Relics & Folk Art 135 Civil War Hand-Painted American Flag Made by POW, Charles Gilman, 6th Ohio Infantry Hand-painted American flag depicting 13 red stripes and 33 stars in the blue field, approx. 12 x 6.5 in., crudely and primitively executed on a very rough piece of canvas quite likely cut from a flour or meal bag by the prisoner-of-war whose name has been hand lettered in ink upon it at right, C. Gilman/ Prisoner of WAR/ Sep 19th 186[?] (last numeral partially destroyed by a wide tear).

Although very aged in appearance, the reds and blues remain strong.

Accompanied by vast amount of detailed information regarding Charles Gilman, who served as first lieutenant and later captain with Company A, 6th Ohio Regiment of Infantry. Records indicate he was captured by the Confederates on September 11, 1861 “…while on picket [duty].” On August 31, 1862, his record shows that he continued to be “in hands of enemy since September 11, 1861.” The record does not reveal how he was released, but it does show that by September 1862, Gilman was back with his original Company C of the 6th Ohio Infantry and promoted to

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first lieutenant at the time. By early April 1863, Gilman had accepted a promotion to captain in that same 6th Ohio Infantry. Records of September and October of 1863 reflect his having been wounded at the Battle of Chickamauga on September 19, 1863. The wounds he

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THE CIVIL WAR | Libby Prison | Relics & Folk Art received in action resulted in his disability and discharge from service.

Others from the outfit referenced above mention that Gilman was taken “…prisoner by the enemy while on duty near Camp Elkwater, Virginia on September 11, 1861” and that he was also a prisoner of war in Richmond until August, 1862. The same records (on the very same page) also mention “taken prisoner by the enemy at Stewarts Run, Virginia September 11, 1861” (research indicates that Stewarts Run is in the same general area as Camp Elkwater). The date of September 19th that is noted on the flag is coincidental, for in a record document titled “MEMORANDUM FROM PRISONER OF WAR RECORDS” (amongst the service records received from the archives), it specifically shows that Gilman was “confined at Richmond, Virginia September 19, 1861.”

However, the same document shows Gilman being “Captured at Cheat Mt September 11, 1861.” Nevertheless, this clearly indicates that the date inscribed upon the flag represents the day that he first arrived at the Richmond prison. The document also shows that Gilman was later “sent to Tuscaloosa November 25, 1861.”

Although the flag is a seemingly crude relic, it exudes a tremendous air and feeling of pathos and suffering undergone by the fellow that made it during a time of terrible strife and grief, and yet bespeaks his patriotism and undoubtedly the feeling of that love for his country that this simple relic strongly suggests.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $2,000 - $3,000

136 Libby Prison POW Belongings Identified to 2nd Lieutenant Samuel Boone, 88th Pennsylvania Infantry, Captured at Gettysburg Lot of 5+ items identified to Sergeant/2nd Lieutenant Samuel Boone of the 88th Pennsylvania Infantry.

On April 1, 1861, Boone joined the Reading Artillerists, and was discharged over three months later as a sergeant. He went on to join the 88th PA, Co. B, in September 1861, and was promoted to second lieutenant in April 1863. He saw action at Cedar Mountain, Bull Run, South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg where he was captured on July 1, 1863. In John D. Vautier’s History of the 88th PA Volunteers, Boone provides a detailed account of his capture by a Louisiana Tiger at Gettysburg. Over the next 19 months and 16 days, Boone was held by the Confederates at five different military prisons, including the infamous Libby prison in Richmond, VA. He also spent time at Danville, VA, Macon, GA, Charleston, SC, and Columbia, SC, the prison from which he escaped on February 17, 1865.

This exceptional lot features a letter penned by Boone to his mother soon after his escape, written from the Clarendon Hotel, Washington, DC, dated March 20, 1865. He writes, in part: You will be pleased to learn that I have made good my escape from the cursed Rebels. I arrived here last evening, and will be home as soon as I have done with my business...should you see Lt. Grant, give him my regards and tell him that I got through “all right.”

Mementos from Boone’s time in prison include a brass plate, 6.5 x 2.25 in., inscribed, Samuel G. Boone/ 2nd Lieut. Co. B. 88th PA. V.V. Inf./ Captured at Gettysburg July 1, 1863./ Reading, PA. A tag addressed to Boone is attached to the plate, and features a note on the back from Boone, dated November 20, 1899, in which he explains that the item marked the spot on the floor where I slept for nearly ten months, as a prisoner of war, in the upper east room of the famous Libby Prison, but after the removal of the Prison to Chicago, Ill. The Prison has been razed to the ground, and plates returned to the old “Libbyites.” An envelope addressed to Boone from the Libby Prison Relic Co. in Chicago is also included.

Accompanied by a CDV of President Lincoln published by D. Appleton & Co., with an inked note written and signed by Boone in which he states, During 19 months of captivity as a Prisoner of Warfrom July 1st 1863 until Feb. 17th 1865-this picture of “Old Abe” was my constant companion. The lot also includes a 5 x 3.25 in. card titled in gilt, Mementos, which appears to have been used in a display featuring the items that Boone held on to during his time as a prisoner of war.

This fine grouping also includes an extensive file on Boone and his Civil War service.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $1,000 - $1,500

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THE CIVIL WAR | Libby Prison | Relics & Folk Art 137 Libby Prison Wood Relic in Form of Gavel Dark wood taken from the notorious Libby prison in Richmond, VA, presented in the form of a gavel with metal plaque mounted on the head using four small nails, inscribed, Libby Prison/ 1861-1865. Overall height 10.75 in.; head height 2 in., width 3.5 in. In 1889, Libby prison was moved from Richmond to Chicago, IL to serve as a war museum, but the structure was dismantled in 1899 and pieces were sold as souvenirs. Although no further provenance accompanies this relic, it is possible that the wood was taken from a support beam or floor peg used at the Confederate prison.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $300 - $500

Detail

138 Union Prisoner of War Spoon & Fork Carved at Richmond, Virginia Large wooden spoon and fork carved by a Union POW, each with inked inscriptions that have faded significantly. The bowl of the spoon is inscribed, Confederate/ Prison 1863/ Richmond/ Virginia/ Prisoner, USA, with a second inscription on the handle that is difficult to discern. The fork is inscribed in the same hand along the handle, Prison Cutlery (?)/ Col. John Lost or Post(?) (last name too worn to discern), with a second inscription near the prongs that is also difficult to discern. Each approx. 11 in. long.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $500 - $700

139 Libby POW, Folk Art Pipe Carved in the Likeness of Civil War Soldier Medium brown carved wood pipe in the shape of a Civil War soldier’s head with a rather long hooked nose, wearing visored foragetype cap. Made integral (possibly separate) is the original long, slender wood stem inscribed, E.A. to R.C. Libby Prisen [sic] Oct. 8, 1863.

Underside of bowl initialed and dated, E.A. 1863. Pipe height, including stem, 7 in.; bowl height 1.75 in., diameter 1.25 in.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | POW & Folk Art

140 Charleston Zouave Cadets, Confederate Folk Art Carved Cane Handle Identified to J.F. Burke Exceptional, Confederate carved cane handle comprised of two parts, including a carved antler handle, height approx. 3.75 in., attached to a partial wooden shaft, height approx. 2.75 in. The top of the handle features a relief carved skull suspended over a Confederate D-Guard Bowie knife, flanked by two stars and CSA. The handle is identified to J.F. Burke in high relief along the left side (relative to the top); followed by a panel surrounded by a sun-burst like border, with CZC [Charleston Zouave Cadets] carved at its center; followed by Pinckney inscribed above a cannon and arched block structure, with No. 7 carved below the lower right edge of the structure; followed by oval panel with 1861 carved at its center. Overall height, approx. 7 in.; handle diameter 1.75 in.

Joseph F. Burke was born in 1845 in Charleston, SC. By the age of 16, Burke was a member (cadet) of the Charleston Zouave Corps at the Military Academy of South Carolina (“The Citadel”). As a member of the cadets, Burke was involved in firing the REAL first shots of the war.

In late January 1861, The Star of the West, a civilian steamer hired by the Union, was attempting to re-supply Major Robert Anderson at Ft. Sumter (with food, ammunition and 250 soldiers). The cadets fired two 24-pound cannon across the bow of the Star. She was then hit as many as five times until finally turning around, failing her re-supply mission. History credits Beauregard’s shelling of Ft. Sumter as signaling the start of the war, but had the fort been re-supplied, it might have resisted the attack - at least for a bit longer until more aid arrived.

Three days after the attack on Ft. Sumter the Zouave Cadets were garrisoned at Castle Pinckney, part of the ring of defenses of Charleston Harbor that included Forts Sumter and Moultrie. The fort was named for Charles (CC) Pinckney, Revolutionary War veteran and South Carolina Statesman, along with his son, Thomas. In September Pinckney received POWs from the Battle of Manassas, but was too small to serve as a camp for long. The prisoners were removed just six weeks later. We suspect this is the “Pinckney” reference on the cane handle, and likely the block structure on the cane is one of the fort’s casemates, since it is opposite a cannon. Many of the lower casemates were turned into cells in which prisoners were held at Castle Pinckney.

Burke’s actions during the war are a bit uncertain, but after the war, he moved to Atlanta, GA in search of business opportunities. He found not only business, but a wife, in Atlanta, marrying Louise Cotting, daughter of the Georgia Secretary of State. By the 1880s he was the chief partner in a company selling spices, tea, flavorings, baking powder, etc.

He also joined the Gate City Guard, a militia unit that had its origins well before the Civil War. He became its commander by 1877.

He undertook missions of peace, trying to heal the rift between North and South. In 1879 the Guard went to New York City, what he called a “peaceful invasion” of the North, and gave an eloquent

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speech in which he emphasized “We know that the war and its evil consequences to us are things of the past and should be forgotten.

The past is buried, and now we must look to the future.” (see http:// oldguard-atlanta.org/history/the-story) When Alexander Stephens, Governor of Georgia and former Vice President of the Confederacy, died suddenly in 1883, Burke was on his staff and took on the arrangement of the funeral. Stephens’ remains were kept in the Burke family vault until a monument could be erected in Stephens’ hometown of Crawfordville. Later Burke also had a monument erected to his 1879 “Peace Mission.”

In 1893 during a dispute over control of the Guard and its resources, the older members, feeling they were too old to assume military duties should trouble arise, formed the “Old Guard Battalion” of the Gate City Guard. They continued their peace mission, and Burke became their commander. After serving the Guard for five decades, Joseph Burke died in his adopted city April 24, 1927 at the age of 81.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $2,000 - $3,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | POW & Folk Art 141 Confederate POW Carved Cotton Stone Pipe Confederate cotton stone pipe carved by POW. Based on the material used and style of carving, this was likely done by a soldier that served time at Gratiot Street Prison in St. Louis, MO. Square-shaped bowl, the front of which is carved with very large Confederate shield and banner inscribed in large script CSA. Right side of bowl incised engraved with a very large flying Confederate flag on an upright flagpole. Opposite side with slightly relief carved, nicely executed profile/side view of a field cannon on a two-wheeled field-type mount. About center of cannon, two small flying “stars and bars” CSA flags. The base of the shank includes the initials N.A.F., carved in very large block letters. Overall width approx. 1.875 in.; bowl height 1.5 in., dia. approx. .875 in.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $800 - $1,200

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142 Confederate Folk Art Carved Pipe Featuring Pelican and Flag Crudely carved pipe in what seems to be a soft stone, possibly cotton rock, produced by a Confederate. The two bowl hold or pear shape panels on each side are flat, with a very large pelican carved on left side of bowl, and first national flag of the Confederacy flying on an upright flagpole carved on the right side. The front of pipe and reverse side of bowl feature crude crosshatch carving. What appears to be a small barrel carved in partial relief extends from the bottom of the bowl. Overall height 2 in.; overall width 2.5 in.; bowl dia. 1.25 in.

Although the identity of the carver is unknown, the use of the pelican suggests that the maker was from Louisiana and may have served with the 2nd Louisiana Brigade, also known as the “Pelican Brigade.”

However, no further provenance accompanies the pipe.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $800 - $1,200 Detail

143 CSA General Robert E. Lee, Figural Pipe Pipe in the shape of the head of bearded Confederate General Robert E. Lee, in off-white beige color. Possibly meerschaum, although material cannot be confirmed. Distinctly visible relief three stars (insignia of lieutenant general on each side of his collar, wearing a small bow tie). A small panel on the left side of the shank with tiny relief lettering in two lines, General/ Lee. Overall width 2.5 in.; bowl height (just the bearded head without chest or bow tie) 2 in.; head dia. approx. 1.5 in.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | POW & Folk Art 144 Folk Art Pipe Carved in the Likeness of Civil War Soldier Fine, folk art pipe comprised of three removable sections. The bowl is carved in the form of a bearded soldier wearing a kepi. The top of bowl is covered on its outer edge of the wood with a nicely made and fitted copper cover fastened by four small brad-type nails.

The brim of kepi fashioned from iron with a silver finish.

The matching stem, which appears to be a lighter colored wood, and lower section that holds stem feature intricately carved leaves and acorns, with one acorn in large relief, extending from the bottom of the pipe. USA is carved at base of one side of stem. Pipe height, including stem, approx. 7.5 in.; head plus lower section that holds stem height 4 in., width 3 in.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $500 - $700

145 Folk Art Pipe Carved in Likeness of African American Soldier Wooden folk art pipe, the bowl carved in the form of an African American soldier, his lips colored red, wearing a kepi. Holes are drawn through the soldier’s eyes and nose. Pipe length, 6 in.; pipe bowl width 1.5 in., depth 2 in.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $500 - $700

146 Bull Run, Civil War Folk Art Carved Pipe Large, hand-carved pipe, medium brown in color, featuring very high relief carved design of palm leaves around top of bowl (three sides) over very large relief lettering, Bull. Run/ July 21/ 1861. Reverse of bowl with five large palm leaves standing upright in a checkered bowl. Bottom and underside of bowl with very large relief hand-incised, carved design of six very large palm leaves. Small projection at rear for the stem with relief border in twisted rope-like pattern. Bowl overall height 3 in.; bowl dia. 1.75 in.; overall width 3.75 in.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $1,000 - $1,500

Details

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THE CIVIL WAR | POW & Folk Art 147 Battle of Antietam, Civil War Carved Pipe Beautifully grained, light wood pipe, underside and lower section of pipe bowl carved with tapered and fluted motifs. Front of pipe, upper bowl very neatly carved in four lines (the top one semi-circular) using incised carving, Battle/ of/ Antietam/ Sept. 17, 1862. The octagon-shaped extension for the stem with simple, very neat decorative incised scroll-like designs. Overall width 3.5 in.; bowl height 1.75 in., dia. 1.375 in.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $800 - $1,200

Detail

148 Civil War Pipe Referencing Fort Morgan, Fort Gaines, Cedar Point, Davis Creek Very plain soldier carved pipe in nicely grained dark wood. Polished smooth throughout, no carving or designs with the exception of primitively carved four lines filling the front of bowl, with names of four different posts where the soldier was evidently stationed, or possibly saw action, including: Fort Morgan/ Fort Gaines/ Cedar Point/ Davis Creek. Right side of shank with very tiny stamped-like oval panel with initials GR at center. Overall bowl width 3.5 in.; bowl height 2.75 in., dia. 1.5 in.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $500 - $700

Detail

149 Civil War Folk art Carved Pipe, 2nd New Hampshire Volunteers Fancy carved, dark wood pipe. Top of bowl edged and rimmed in silver; very tiny silver edging on top edge of shank as well. Entire top of bowl carved with a wavy branch and leaf motif entirely encircling it. Front carved with very high relief large riband and incised carved large, 2/ N.H.V./ K. That riband above an even higher relief carved American shield, all of which surrounded on all sides with wavy floral-like and leaf motifs, with fancy shape leaf and fluted motifs on underside of bowl and sides of shank. Intricately carved leaves and scroll work cover the remainder of the bowl and shank. Overall width approx. 3.5 in.; bowl height 2.125 in., dia. 1.5 in.

Led by Gilman Marston, the 2nd NH Volunteers mustered into the Civil War on June 4, 1861, and fought from First Bull Run until the occupation of Richmond approximately four years later. During the war, the regiment suffered heavy losses at Gettysburg and the Battle of Cold Harbor.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. Detail $500 - $700 94

COWAN’S AMERICAN HISTORY

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THE CIVIL WAR | POW & Folk Art 150 Captain Belger’s Battery F, 1st Rhode Island Light Artillery, Identified Civil War Pipe Small pipe with smooth finish, wood medium to dark in color and nicely grained. Underside of shank and around to the front with large, incised carved letters, Lieut. P.S. Chase. Followed by a number of lines varying in height incised carved vertically from bottom to top, Capt./ Belger’s Battery/ “F” 1st RI Lt. Arty/ Bridge/ near Winton/ NC/ July 30,/ ‘63.

Overall width 2.5 in.; bowl height 1.75 in., dia. at top (tapered narrower there) 1.125 in.

Battery F, 1st Rhode Island Light Artillery was organized at Camp Perry in Cranston, RI, and mustered in for a three-year enlistment on October 29, 1861 under the command of Captain Miles G. Moies.

Before mustering out in June 1865, the Battery spent most of its time in North Carolina and Virginia, and saw action at numerous battles, including Roanoke Island, New Bern, Bermuda Hundred Campaign, Drewry’s Bluff, Petersburg, and Chaffin’s Farm. After the resignation of Captain Moies on November 12, 1862, Captain James Belger took command of Battery F. However, he was captured at the battle of Drewry’s Bluff in May 1864, which suggests that this pipe may have been carved at some point between 1862 and 1864.

At the age of 18, Philip Stephen Chase enlisted as a corporal in early October 1861, mustering into Battery F, 1st RILA later that month.

Records show he was promoted to 1st sergeant (date unknown) and 2nd lieutenant in May 1863, and that he commanded the Battery on October 27, 1864, until mustering out on October 31, 1864 at Chapin’s Farm, VA. Following the war, Chase was active in the GAR, serving as Department of Rhode Island Commander (1883) and Adjutant General (1893-1918). He authored several books regarding Battery F, 1st RILA, between the 1880s and early 1890s. Chase died in Providence, RI on April 3, 1918.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $1,000 - $1,500

Details

151 Civil War Folk Art Carved Pipe Small carved primitive pipe, medium brown in color. Front high relief carved with a full, open-winged eagle shield on breast. Left side with three lines comprised of large capital relief letters in upward and downward curved/arched panels, ATLANTA/ LIEUT/ SIEFERT ? (too worn to discern). Right side of bowl with three alternately upward and downward curved panels in relief lettering, VICKSBURG/ FORT/ McALLISTER. With SAVANNAH, GA carved in high relief letters around the top of the shank. The balance of pipe underside of bowl and entire shank with deep fluted decorative motifs. Overall width approx. 2.75 in.; bowl height 1.75 in., dia. 1.5 in.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $700 - $1,000

Details

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THE CIVIL WAR | POW & Folk Art 152 Civil War Engraved Powder Horn from Fort Donelson, 1862 Very small powder horn, possibly carved by a Union or Confederate soldier. This may be a “Tyler, Texas” example. Curved shape, 6.5 in. overall, with flat, thick wood base. The entire perimeter of the wood rim features a deeply carved series of twelve five-point stars. A profile view of an armored-type, Civil War-era steampowered warship with single smokestack and very bold representation of smoke emitting from that stack is primitively and yet quaintly carved on the underside of the wooden base of the horn, almost filling it full length (right to the edge of the wood base). Flying at the back of that vessel is a large representation of a flag, which at first glance and with a magnifying glass, appears to be a Union flag with many stripes, but could conceivably be a crude representation of a Confederate flag.

The largest carving, located at the center of the pipe, is an open-winged flying eagle (clutching sheaf of arrows in claw) holding in its beak a large representation of an unfurled, twisted, long banner-like flag, which is apparently American, as the groups of stars can be seen and the representation of what appears to be stripes. Flying above that eagle, over its left wing, near the center of the horn, is a decidedly large representation of a carved Confederate flag. Other carvings on reverse (toward the inner curve) side of the horn include a nicely done, but decidedly primitive three-massed, square-rigged sailing vessel (a warship) flying a very crude representation of a flag, which could possibly have been to indicate either Confederate or Union; however it is not clear enough to discern. Below that warship, near the base of the horn, a small single-massed, single sail schooner. Also at bottom of horn, well below the left wing of the eagle, is a small single-massed dory row-boat with a civilian clad primitive representation of a hunter seated near the middle of the boat, shooting a flying bird or duck (not discernible), but the blast from his shotgun definitely visible/ carved. Above that vessel (between it and the eagle’s wing) is a reasonably large, carved, Details fouled anchor, and to the right of that anchor and just below the eagle’s wing, a decided representation of a Maltese cross insignia of an American Army Corps.

Other representations, which seem similar to those found on a “Tyler, Texas” horn, include a large, simple profile head of a horse above a floating duck; a primitive floral motif on a branch with two leaves; and beneath the right wing and eagle’s claw with arrows, a small fivepoint star design surrounded with simple carved lines in a sunburstlike motif; very center of that star is a series of simple primitive carved parallel lines.

With FORT / DONELLSON [sic] / 1862 primitively carved near top of horn.

The Battle of Fort Donelson was fought from February 12-16, 1862.

The capture of this fort by Union forces opened the Cumberland River as an avenue of invasion of the South and elevated Brigadier General U.S. Grant from an obscure and largely unproven leader to the rank of major general.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | POW & Folk Art 153 Civil War Carved Powder Horn Identified to John Delong, July 1862 Small powder horn, possibly carved by POW. Nicely curved, 11 in. overall.

Fancy, high relief carved spout with very high relief notched or deep fluted ring near top and relief rounded rim at extreme spout. Plain, smooth wooden base with brass ring for carrying. A name and date carved about two-thirds length at center, John Delong July 19, 1862, and just above that name and date and carved at right angles is a small and very crude representation of a Confederate “stars and bars” flag (small) over the larger letters CSA, all apparently flying at the top of a very long, pointed shaft or flagpole. The pipe includes numerous other small, primitive carved representations of various size birds (standing and in profile); a long alligator; a large fish facing off against a lengthy snake (stretched out straight); a few leaf and branch motifs; plus a small Masonic symbol of a carpenter’s square and an open caliper or map compass.

Although it has been previously suggested that the carving is typical of other “Tyler, Texas” examples, the style of carving presented on this horn may be a bit more primitive in comparison.

However, the Civil War Database lists two Confederate soldiers by the name of John DeLong that were both from Texas. One served with the 1st Texas Infantry, and the other with Currie’s Texas Infantry.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $500 - $700

Details

154 Civil War Folk Art Carved “Copperhead” Cane Dated 1864 Hand-carved wooden cane, medium to dark in color, 36 in. ln., no ferrule. With relief carved snake coiled around two-thirds of the shaft. With the date, 1864, crudely carved just below the handle, which is in the form of a snake’s head.

Considering the cane’s date and subject matter, it almost certainly relates to the Copperheads, a democratic political faction ferociously against the Civil War. The party believed that Lincoln should let the Confederacy secede in order to stave off any violence. Republicans started calling the anti-war Democrats Copperheads, likening them to the venomous snake; however, the Democrats accepted the label, reinterpreting the copper “head” as the likeness of Liberty.

They became a major target of the Republican party in the 1864 presidential election. Some of the leading Copperheads, such as Clement Vallandigham, voiced their sentiments so loudly that they were accused of treason in a series of trials in 1864. $300 - $500

Detail SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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THE CIVIL WAR | Relics & Presentation Items 155 Colonel Elmer Ellsworth, Relics from the Marshall House, Virginia Lot featuring 3 splinters of wood, each accompanied by notes attesting to provenance, including: 3.25 x .25 in. splinter of wood accompanied by 10 x 12.5 in. board with mounted portrait of Ellsworth at center, produced in 1861 by Wm. Hall & Son, New York, and inked note affixed at bottom, which reads, Piece of the flag staff from which Col. Ellsworth tore the Rebel flag - on the Marshall House, Alexandria, Va., May 24th, 1861, and was assassinated by the proprietor, J.W. Jackson. Obtained by G.N. Galloway. It appears that four splinters of wood were originally mounted on the board, but the single piece remains, and is no longer attached to mount.

Plus 2 splinters of wood, 3.5 x .125 in. and 5 x .125 in., housed in envelope with period, inked notation on front, Piece of wood from the stairs in Hotel in Alexandria where Ellsworth fell coming down from where he handed down the “stars and bars” to hoist the ? stars & stripes.

The well-known story of Ellsworth’s death has been recounted in many places: as a favor to his friend, Abraham Lincoln, the day after Virginia voted to secede, Ellsworth led a contingent of his “Fire Zouaves” to the Marshall House in Alexandria, and tore down the large Confederate flag that was hung there, whereupon the owner, James Jackson killed him with a shotgun blast, and Francis Brownell in turn killed Jackson. Ellsworth was the first conspicuous Union casualty of the war and the incident became a rallying point for soldiers and citizens throughout the North. Pieces of the flag, Ellsworth’s uniform, the Marshall House sign, and even the bloodstained floorboards immediately became popular patriotic souvenirs, and over 30 years later the event was still memorable enough that Brownell’s wife was able to sell small pieces of the flag to raise money following her husband’s death. Brownell was awarded the Medal of Honor in 1877, and the remaining section of the flag eventually ended up in the New York State Military Museum. Relics such as those offered today reside in the Smithsonian and other notable collections.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $500 - $700

156 Armor from CSA Ironclad Virginia, Formerly USS Merrimac Approx. 2.8 lb. block, 3 x 1.875 x 1.875 in., with inscription on top identifying the relic as Armor from Confederate Ironclad Virginia Formerly USS Merrimac.

The Virginia was the first steam-powered ironclad of the Confederate Navy, and famously took part in the world’s first battle of two ironclad warships when it engaged the USS Monitor on March 9, 1862. That fight, on the second day of the Battle of Hampton Roads, was a stalemate. Two months later, unable to retreat farther up the James River to avoid the advancing Union forces, Flag Officer Josiah Tattnall ordered the boat abandoned and sunk in order to keep it out of enemy hands. The hull was raised in 1883, and relics such as this immediately became hot sellers. By that time, the world’s leading navies had begun to be dominated by the superior ironclad and iron-hulled ships, and collectors were already very much aware of the significance of the Virginia’s place in history.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $800 - $1,200

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THE CIVIL WAR | Relics & Presentation Items 157 Civil War Inscribed Guidon Finial Carried in the Battle of Bull Run Bronze guidon finial, 9.25 x 5 in., inscribed on one side, Carried in Battle of Bull Run/ July 21, 1861, and on opposite side, H.M. Deal. It has been suggested that “H.M. Deal” was a Confederate soldier that may have been from North Carolina or Georgia, like many other Deals that fought in the war, but this cannot be confirmed. HDS lists nine soldiers named “H. Deal” that served with the Confederacy, and 17 that served in the Union army. $1,000 - $1,500

Detail

158 Catlinite Presentation Pipe from Union General Erasmus Keyes to C.D. Newton Unusually shaped red catlinite pipe with a cut-through heart, 3.125 x 2.875 x .875 in., inscribed on one side, Presented to C.D. Newton, By E.D. Keyes. The consignor relates that the item was acquired at the Brimfield Antique Show from a Massachusetts dealer who said he had purchased the pipe from a Brimfield, MA estate and that it had previously belonged to an “army officer who fought Indians.” Research suggests that the pipe’s original owner, E.D. Keyes, may have been noted Union General Erasmus Darwin Keyes.

Erasmus Darwin Keyes (1810–95) graduated from the US Military Academy at West Point in 1832, tenth in his class, and after graduation, he was sent with the US 3rd Artillery Regiment around Cape Horn to California. He served on the Pacific frontier on garrison duty and participated in American Indian campaigns in the Northwest.

Promoted to the rank of major in October 1858, Keyes returned to Washington, DC near the end of 1859 and became General Winfield Scott’s military secretary from January until April 1861. During the first year of the Civil War, Keyes successfully led a battalion in the First Battle of Bull Run, was appointed to command a division in the Army of the Potomac, and was promoted to brigadier general of volunteers. In 1862 he was appointed to command the newly formed Fourth Corps. As a corps commander, he participated in the Peninsula Campaign of 1862 and was promoted to major general of volunteers.

Keyes was later promoted to brigadier general in the regular army for his actions at the Battle of Fair Oaks. Keyes was relieved of his command after an unsatisfactory performance in the Gettysburg Campaign in 1863. He subsequently served on various boards and commissions, including the board for retiring disabled officers from July 1863, until his resignation and retirement from the army in May 1864, with 32 years of continued military service. (Information obtained from the World Digital Library, LOC, October 10, 2016.)

HDS lists a Private Charles Newton, who served in the same regiment as Keyes, although we cannot confirm that this is the same soldier referenced on the presentation pipe. $500 - $700

Detail

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THE CIVIL WAR | Relics & Presentation Items

159 Brevet Captain John B. Harlow, 8th and 47th Illinois Infantries, Painted Escutcheon Oil on canvas Civil War service escutcheon identified to Brevet Captain John B. Harlow, 24.5 x 29.75 in. (sight), featuring a detailed record of Harlow’s service, including a list of all engagements, attachments, and promotions, the shoulder straps and insignia of his various units and ranks, and the Great Seal of Illinois at center, housed in period frame, 29 x 34 in. overall. With hand-painted depictions of the medals presented to Harlow at bottom, including medals of the Army of the Tennessee and the Army of the Gulf, the medal of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, and a GAR badge.

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John B. Harlow enlisted in the Union Army in April 1861, joining the 8th Illinois Infantry, Co. F for three months, becoming a corporal. He reenlisted in August, this time in the 47th Illinois Infantry, the regiment in which he served until 1866. He saw heavy action at the Siege of Vicksburg and the Mobile Campaign and reached the rank of 2nd lieutenant by October 11, 1864, and brevet captain by the time he mustered out of service. $2,500 - $3,500

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THE CIVIL WAR | Art

160 George Caleb Bingham, Martial Law, Engraving by John Sartain Steel engraving and mezzotint on laminate paper, 30.75 x 21.5 in. (image size), entitled Martial Law, by John Sartain, after the painting

by American Master George Caleb Bingham. Published at Columbia and Kansas City, MO, by George C. Bingham & Company in 1872. This fine example is a proof copy, titled and captioned in letterpress, and pencil signed by Bingham in the lower margin. The margins have been partially excised, perhaps to accommodate the period walnut frame, complete with rolled glass, 40.25 x 30.25 in.

A dramatic depiction capturing the forced removal of a family from an area near Kansas City, which was placed under martial law in 1863. Weeping slaves can be seen at right in the foreground, walking away from a grieving family, as soldiers empty the residence in the background. $2,000 - $3,000

161 William Sartain, Mezzotint Engraving of Stonewall Jackson and his Family Colored mezzotint engraving, 22 x 18 in., with full margins, entitled Lieut. Gen. Thomas J. Jackson and His Family, by William Sartain, dated 1866. Eastern District of Pennsylvania. Published by Bradley & Co., Philadelphia. Housed in period walnut frame, 36.5 x 30.5 in.

Sartain (1843-1924) capitalized on the emergent Lost Cause movement using mass media to produce this elegant mezzotint print of the martyred Stonewall Jackson for the Southern market in 1866. The highly stylized setting included wife Mary Anna Jackson and daughter Julia Laura Jackson beneath a likeness of Robert E. Lee, and appeared chronologically before Sartain’s more common portraits of Jackson and fellow Southern icons. This tranquil scene is entirely Sartain’s composite as no known photographs of Jackson and family exist and reflects the master print maker’s idiosyncrasies—the child, Julia, with the head of an adult. Note the marble busts of George Washington and Jefferson Davis (then under indictment for treason) in chin whiskers disguised as Beethoven. $600 - $800

THE CIVIL WAR | Broadsides 162 Civil War Broadside, There are now but Two Parties in this Country, the Friends and the Enemies of the Government Red, blue, and black printed broadside, 12.5 x 11 in., which reads, There are now but Two Parties in this Country, /THE FRIENDS AND ENEMIES OF THE GOVERNMENT/ EVERY MAN who does not STAND UP for/ all measures may be adopted for the maintenance/ of the HONOR OF COUNTRY, at whatever/ cost of BLOOD or MONEY that may be/ NECESSARY, is/ A TRAITOR AT HEART! Bottom margin includes Gibson House, Walnut St., Cincinnati address and credit to Wrightson and Co. Printers, Walnut St., Cincinnati. With period, inked commentary added in the text and at the bottom margin of the page. Note at bottom reads, To intimidate those who begin to ask when will all this end and where are we drifting.

The broadside is also illustrated with patriotic motifs including a US flag with cannon, spread winged eagle with shield, and Abraham Lincoln with the “stars and stripes,” similar to illustrations included on patriotic covers from the period.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $1,000 - $2,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Broadsides 163 Civil War Recruitment Broadside, The Loyal Brigade of the North, Organized by Colonel William S. Bliss, 1862 Printed broadside, 13.75 x 16.75 in. (sight), dated November 10, 1862, top right embossed with the seal of the Essex Institute 18211836-1843 of Salem, Mass. Matted and framed, 17.5 x 21 in. This early Civil War broadside represents an attempt by retired Mexican War Colonel William S. Bliss to fill out a Legion for the new, just forming US Volunteer Army. Acquired from the private collection of E. Chris Evans, of Heath, OH. The O.C.L.C. World Cat lists only 5 other copies in existence. $700 - $1,000

164 Civil War Broadside Recruiting Louisiana Volunteers for the Union Army, 1862 Printed broadside, 22.75 x 17.75 in., (sight), framed, 24.25 x 19.25 in., asking men in New Orleans to Rally Boys! Rally! for a 100 dollar bounty and 160 acres of land. Dated July 26, 1862. An unusual southern printed Union broadside.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $1,000 - $2,000

165 Civil War, Ohio Satirical Exempt Broadside, 1862 Printed broadside, 13 x 18 in., featuring a nearly 1.5 in. headline reading, Attention Exempts!! Published in Mansfield, 1862. The satirical poster was meant to ridicule All who have been fortunate enough to get released from defending our Country in its HOUR OF PERIL..., that is, men who escaped the front by paying for replacements or feigning illness. One of the fictitious events listed was an able-bodied speech delivered on the Frailties of Mankind.

The Order of Procession lists: “Pile Drivers” and Beetle Ring Rangers (These Companies are awarded the right on account of their imposing Asspect). Followed by Toe Nail Diggers. Split Knee Pans. Heart-less Squabs.

Toothless Gummers. Fort Callender Graduates. Charles Sumner Woolies, led by the famous “Morandus Band.” Colored Individuals, Abolitionists, &c., &c.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | Broadsides 166 Civil War Recruitment Broadside, Volunteers for Maine Batteries Now in the Field Printed broadside, 24 x 35 in. (sight), framed, 25.5 x 36.5 in., headed, Volunteers for Maine Batteries, eliciting men to enlist for their country and serve in either the 2nd, 4th, 5th, or 6th Maine Artillery. The broadside offers an 807 dollar bounty to veterans and a 707 dollar bounty to soldiers, but could not take men under 5 ft. 8 in. in height.

Printed by George A. Callahan, Mammoth Poster Press of the Union Job Printing Office, Lewiston, ME. Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $1,000 - $2,000

167 Civil War Broadside Recruiting Volunteers to Serve Under Command of Colonel John D. Rust, 8th Maine Infantry Printed broadside, 39 x 22.75 in. (sight), framed, 40.75 x 24.25 in. recruiting volunteers for the 8th Maine Infantry under the command of Colonel John D. Rust. Printed by David Tucker, Portland, ME. The 8th ME Infantry organized at Augusta, September 7, 1861. It formed part of General W.T. Sherman’s expedition to Port Royal, SC, and landed at Hilton Head on November 8, 1861, where it built fortifications for several months. The regiment moved to Tybee Island and captured Fort Pulaski, suffered heavy losses at Fair Oaks, and fought at Appomattox Court House. The 8th ME mustered out at Fortress Monroe on January 18, 1866.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $1,000 - $2,000

168 Civil War, Plymouth, Massachusetts Recruitment Broadside, Your Country Calls!, 1862 Printed broadside, blue/green color, 18.5 x 23.5 in., boldly headed, Your Country Calls! Young Men to the Rescue!. With eagle vignette near top.

Old Colony Memorial Press, Plymouth, MA, July 15, 1862.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $1,000 - $2,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Broadsides 169 Civil War, Massachusetts Recruitment Banners Attached to US Flag Double-sided cotton flag, 27 x 51 in., with 25 hand-sewn stars that are visible. Two cotton banners with printed text are stitched to each side of flag. The banner at top, 27 x 15 in., reads, Recruiting Office!; the second banner, 23 x 36 in., is boldly headed, $727 Bounty to Veterans!/ $627 Bounty to Raw Recruits!...Young Men! now is the time to fill the quota of Lynn [Massachusetts], and Avoid a Draft! Which is sure to come on the 5th of January, unless you Rally for your Country!/ A few more good men are wanted for Company A, 59th Regiment, Veteran Vols., Capt. F.M. Smith. Signed in print

by Captain F.M. Smith, 59th Regiment, and Captain John B. Stickney, 35th Regiment. Printed by H.S. Cox, Lynn, MA. Late 1863.

Lynn, MA resident, Francis M. Smith enlisted in April 1861 as a private and served with the 8th MA through August 1861, and the 48th MA from September 1862 to September 1863. While with the 48th MA, he was promoted to 1st lieutenant (November 1862) and captain (December 1862), and was wounded in action at Port Hudson, LA (May 1863). In October 1863, Smith was commissioned into Co. A of the 59th MA, and was appointed 2nd lieutenant later that month. He was promoted captain in November 1863. John B. Stickney, also of Lynn, MA, was promoted to captain of the 35th MA in June 1863. This banner was likely printed prior to December 3, 1863, when the 59th MA was organized. The regiment engaged in several battles, including Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, and more, before consolidating with the 57th MA in May 1865 and mustering out the following July.

Although the recruiting banner has undergone some wear, it is a rare survivor from the war.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $2,000 - $3,000

170 Civil War Broadside Recruiting the Wadsworth Guards for Captain H.C. Lattimore’s 104th New York Regiment Printed broadside, 18.25 x 22.25 in. (sight), matted and framed, 22.25 x 26.25 in., recruiting for the Wadsworth Guards under Captain H.C. Lattimore. The regiment offered 113 dollars per month and a splendid suit of clothing.

The Wadsworth Guards, also known as the 104th New York Infantry, mustered into US service in September, 1861. It participated in Pope’s Virginia campaign at Rappahannock Station and Bull Run, with a loss during the campaign of 89 killed, wounded and missing. It also fought at Antietam and Fredericksburg, was in reserve at Chancellorsville, and was heavily engaged at Gettysburg, where it lost 194 killed, wounded and missing. The regiment participated in the bloody battles of the Wilderness Campaign, losing heavily at Spotsylvania and the first assaults on Petersburg. It mustered out at Washington, DC, July 17, 1865. (https:// dmna.ny.gov/historic/reghist/civil/infantry/104thInf/104thInfMain.htm) Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $1,000 - $2,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Broadsides 171 Civil War, Rensselaer County, New York, Recruitment Broadside for the Lansingburgh Company Printed broadside, 18 x 24 in. (sight), framed, 19 x 25 in. overall.

Early Civil War recruitment broadside from Rensselaer County, NY, advertising a 202 dollar bounty for eager soldiers in the Lansingburgh Company, Albany, NY. Posted by recruiting officer, Charles H. Fisher.

Produced by Albany Morning Express Print.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $700 - $1,000

172 Civil War Broadside, Sprague Light Cavalry Head-Quarters, New York Printed broadside, 12 x 14 in., featuring a large hand-colored spread wing eagle with patriotic shield, calling for men to join the Sprague Light Cavalry in New York.

The Sprague Light Cavalry was part of the 16th New York Cavalry, which fought at Gettysburg and cornered Lincoln’s assassin, John Wilkes Booth, in a tobacco barn near Port Royal, VA. Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $700 - $1,000

173 Civil War Broadside Announcing Passage of the Borough Ordinance, February 1864 Printed broadside, 16 x 18 in., featuring 4 in. high headline, Borough Ordinance!, which involved raising funds to pay enlistment bounties for recruits joining state regiments in Middletown [Connecticut or New York], June 8, 1864. With printed signatures of Borough president and town clerk. Top section makes notice of the ordinance passed by the town council February, 1864...making a loan of $9,500 for the purpose of paying bounties to recruits to be accredited to the Borough for repaying monies for this purpose [that had been] declared by the court mull and void. Followed by six sections describing how funds are to be raised by taxes, how they shall be levied and assessed, etc. The broadside continues...No part of said taxes shall be used for any other purposes...provided, that in the order of payment, recruits to whom bounty has been promised shall be first paid, afterwards certificates of loan.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | Newspapers

174 Daily Richmond Examiner, Virginia, September 1862, Confederate Coverage of Battle of Antietam Daily Richmond Examiner, Virginia, September 20, 1862. 2pp, 16.75 x 24 in. Civil War, Confederate single sheet newspaper featuring a front page headline and news coverage of the Battle of Antietam, which took place in Sharpsburg, MD, on September 17, 1862. Fine front page display describing what is considered the bloodiest single-day battle in American history. $400 - $600

175 Daily Richmond Examiner, Virginia, December 1862, Confederate Report on Battle of Fredericksburg Daily Richmond Examiner, Virginia, December 17, 1862. 2pp, 17 x 23.5 in. Civil War, Confederate single sheet newspaper featuring a front page headline and lengthy, detailed eyewitness report of the Battle of Fredericksburg, VA, which was fought from December 11-15, 1862.

This printing represents the official report of the battle, and is signed in type by CSA General Robert E. Lee. Considering that Richmond hosted the closest local Confederate newspaper to the Battle of Fredericksburg, this was the local report on the campaign that concluded with a Confederate victory and heavy casualties suffered on the Union side. $500 - $700

176 Vicksburg Daily Citizen, Civil War Wallpaper Edition The Daily Citizen, Vicksburg, MS, July 4, 1863. 1p, 11.25 x 19.5 in. An original printing of the famous “Wallpaper Edition” of the Daily Citizen, produced by Union forces after taking the city.

Vicksburg had been surrounded for over three weeks at the time of surrender and had exhausted its supply of food and nearly everything else, including paper. Publisher J.M. Swords was determined to keep the Daily Citizen in circulation — if only to boost the morale of Vicksburg’s beleaguered citizens and soldiers — so he turned to wallpaper. The final edition was dated July 2, but when Union soldiers found the press on the 4th they reissued the July 2 paper with a small note at the bottom of the fourth column reading: Two days bring about great changes, The banner of the Union floats over Vicksburg. Gen. Grant has “caught the rabbit;” he has dined in Vicksburg, and he did bring his dinner with him. The “Citizen” lives to see it. For the last time it appears on “Wall-paper.” No more will it eulogise the luxury of mule-meat and fricasseed kitten—urge Southern warriors to such diet never more, This is the last wall-paper edition, and is, excepting this note, from the types as we found them. It will be valuable hereafter as a curiosity.

This edition was reproduced many times, beginning soon after the war, to be distributed or sold as a souvenir. The reproductions are often mistaken for originals but several contrasting typographical errors in the originals and reproductions allow for reliable identification, and this particular copy exhibits all the markers of an original.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | Newspapers

177 Montgomery Daily Mail, Alabama, July 29, 1864, Confederate Newspaper Reporting Events Prior to Mobile Bay Montgomery Daily Mail, Alabama, July 29, 1864. 2pp, 16 x 24 in.

Rare Civil War, Confederate single sheet newspaper featuring local coverage of events that occurred within days before the Battle of Mobile Bay, which took place on August 5, 1864. The issue includes a front page printing of the “Proclamation” by the Alabama Confederate Governor, calling for all able-bodied citizens to assemble in cities throughout Alabama, most importantly Mobile, on Aug 5, 1864, the day of the start of the Battle of Mobile Bay. $350 - $450

178 The Sixth Corps, Danville, Virginia, May 1865, Union Occupation Newspaper The Sixth Corps, Danville, VA, May 13, 1865. 2pp, 12.5 x 18.5 in.

Exceedingly rare single sheet Union Occupation newspaper with front page reports about the Sixth Corps capturing Danville, VA, in the aftermath of Lee’s surrender to Grant, ending the Civil War. The back page includes headlines and news on Lincoln’s assassination and the surrender of Lee to end the war. $700 - $900

THE CIVIL WAR | Books & Other Imprints 179 Confederate and Virginia Book Collection Lot of 4, including: Livingston, John, ed. Biographical Sketches of Eminent American Lawyers. Published Monthly. April & May, 1852, Parts II $ III. 8vo, printed paper wraps, 512pp. Front with 17 lithographic portraits, each with facsimile signatures of the men.

Signed on cover John Letcher. John Letcher (1813-1884) was a lawyer, member of the US Congress, and Governor of Virginia during the Civil War. The men profiled in this volume are: S.M. Harrington (Delaware); B.Y Bullock (Louisville, KY); Daniel A. Wilson (Lynchburg, VA); John W. Nash (Powhatan C.H., VA); William H. Battle (Chapel Hill, NC); Henry Pirtle (Louisville, KY); William B, McClure (Pittsburg[h], PA); I[saac].W. Hayne (SC); P.A. Rost?? (Louisiana); Ezekiel Pickens (Selma, AL); S. Anderson (Murfreesboro, TN); John W. Ellis (Salisbury, NC); Andrew J. Marchbanks (TN); W.K. Smith (AL); Archibald Williams (IL); Alexander McKinstry (Mobile, AL); George Taylor (PA); J.Y? Lumpkin. Also includes biography of Sam Houston of Texas, although there is no portrait.

Acts of the General Assembly of the State of Virginia, Passed In, 1861-2.

Richmond: William F. Ritchie, 1863. 8vo, half cloth, 1862. 8vo, half cloth, 182pp. bound with Acts of the General Assembly of the State of Virginia, Passed at Extra Session, 1862. Richmond: William F. Ritchie, 1862. 34pp.; Ordinances Adopted by the Convention of Virginia, at the Adjourned Session in November and December 1861. 11pp.; and The Constitution of the Confederate States of America, Adopted March 11, 1861. [16pp].

Acts of the General Assembly of the State of Virginia, Passed at Called Session, 1862. Richmond: William F. Ritchie, 1862. 8vo, half cloth, 36pp. bound with Acts of the General Assembly of the State of Virginia, Passed at Adjourned Session, 1863. Richmond: William F. Ritchie, 1863. 154pp. and The Constitution of Virginia with the Amended Bill of Rights, as Adopted by the Reform Convention of 1850-51 and Amended the Convention of 186061. 29pp.

Acts of the General Assembly of the State of Virginia, Passed at Called Session, 1863. Richmond: William F. Ritchie, 1863. 8vo, half cloth, 57pp.

Bound with Acts of the General Assembly of the State of Virginia, Passed at Session of 1863-64. Richmond: William F. Ritchie, 1864. 107pp. $600 - $800

Details

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THE CIVIL WAR | Books & Other Imprints

180 Robert E. Lee’s General Orders No. 9, Surrender at Appomattox Lee, Robert Edward, General, CSA, General Order No. 9, signed in type “R.E. Lee, General,” 1p, 3.5 x 6 in. (6 x 7 in. unfolded), Headquarters Army Northern Virginia [Appomattox Court House], April 10, 1865.

This printing is thought to be a hasty field printing. Most versions known are on scraps of paper, often reused forms. This particular one does not have anything printed on verso, but there is a “ghost” of one copy (mirror image) and a bit of printing from another copy - “that... nothing....would” - the terminal words from lines 8, 9 and 10, plus a few other incomplete words in lower left corner. In addition, there is ink from a few words in the center of the front - the very end of the first few lines with only “865,” “[m]arked” and “Army” readable. It is almost as if whoever had a scrap of paper just stuck it under the plate to print themselves a copy. The printing is also off-horizontal and contains a few typographical and punctuation errors (i.e., “kiLd” for “kind” in second to last full line), another indication of its haste in production.

The text varies slightly from the version published in The Wartime Letters of R.E. Lee, but can be found on many manuscript versions of the Order. At least one other copy of this has appeared on the market printed on the back of a “Lynchburg” commissary form, with the same errors, clearly from the same plate.

After four long years, both sides were weary of the conflict, but the South was sorely stressed for men and supplies. After losing Petersburg following a long siege, and abandoning Richmond, Lee led his Army of Northern Virginia west, hoping to join forces with Joseph Johnston (who was trying to reach Lee), who had the largest remaining Confederate Army, over 80,000 men. Grant’s Union forces cut off their movement at the small town of Appomattox Court House. Lee tried to break through the Union lines, but then realized the size of the force that had come out to meet his army. He saw no option other than to surrender.

As early as April 7, Grant wrote to Lee: “The result of the last week must convince you of the hopelessness of further resistance.” He asked Lee to surrender to avoid any “further effusion of blood.” Lee responded 108

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that he did not agree with the hopelessness, but “I reciprocate your desire to avoid the useless effusion of blood, and therefore,...ask the terms you will offer on condition of...surrender.” Communications continued, at least half a dozen notes passes between the two, until Lee finally agreed, “There is nothing left for me to do but to go and see General Grant... and I would rather die a thousand deaths.”

Grant’s terms were generous - the men would give up public property, but officers could retain their side arms and horses, and any other personal property. All men would be allowed to return home unmolested by Union troops. Grant also gave the starving army food.

A couple weeks later, similar arrangements were made to surrender Johnston’s Army in North Carolina to General Sherman. Those men also were fed and many given seeds to go home and plant using the horses and mules they took with them.

Lee’s aide, Charles Marshall, later described other events that evening.

“On the night of April 9th...General Lee sat with several of us at a fire in front of his tent, and after some conversation about the army and the events of the day in which his feelings toward his men were strongly expressed, he told me to prepare an order to the troops...” Marshall had to eventually hide in an ambulance with a guard to have the time to write out the order. Lee did some editing, and Marshall wrote out the corrected order and gave it to a clerk to be copied for commanders and staff. It seems many more copies were made, by every company clerk who could get a copy, and given to General Lee to sign, which he graciously did.

Reports even from years later, while Lee was at the University, indicate that former members of the Confederate army continued to send Lee manuscript copies of General Orders No. 9, and he never refused to sign one. Many of these resided in veterans’ halls for the next century and more. It is usually the manuscript copies that surface, written in hundreds of different hands, signed and unsigned. The printed versions are much more rare.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $2,000 - $3,000 BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

THE CIVIL WAR | Flags & Patriotic Textiles 181 Civil War Patriotic Silk Banner Rare silk banner, 32 x 30 in., featuring a detailed depiction of a cannon at center with the American flag flying above it, surrounded by the slogan, The Union, Constitution and the Flag Must and Shall be Upheld. A red and blue patriotic banner serves as the border.

Produced by Foster Porter & Co., London.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $300 - $500

182 Civil War-Period 35-Star American Parade Flag with Great Star Pattern Silk, printed parade flag with 35 stars arranged in rare and desirable version of the pentagonal Great Star pattern, comprised of a large central star, surrounded by a wreath of stars, outside which are five additional stars. With a rarely encountered gold-colored, silk fringe border hand sewn along three sides of the flag, 15 x 12 in.

Professionally mounted and placed in a paint-decorated and gilded frame dating from ca 1840-1870, 25 x 22 in. overall. The 35-star flag became official July 4, 1863 with the admission of West Virginia into the Union and was used during the closing years of the Civil War, therefore dating this flag to ca 1863-1865. Considering that most silk flags from this period did not survive, this is an extremely rare example. $6,000 - $8,000

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FLAGS & PATRIOTIC TEXTILES 183 38-Star Centennial Parade Flag Glazed cotton muslin, 6 x 9 in., printed with 38 stars configured in a global, or triple medallion pattern with star in upper and lower hoistside corners of the canton. Colorado became the 38th state in the United States’ centennial year of 1876 and the flag remained at 38 stars until the addition of five states in 1889. $300 - $500

184 40-Star American Parade Flag Course, glazed cotton, printed parade flag with 40 stars arranged in 7/6/7/6/7/6 horizontal rows, 17.75 x 12 in.

Professionally mounted and housed in a solid walnut molding with water gilded liner dating from ca 1860-1870, 21 x 27 in. overall. Very rare, unofficial star count. South Dakota, the 40th state, joined the Union on November 2, 1889, and was followed six days later by the 41st state, Montana, dating this flag to ca 1889. It has been suggested that there are likely less than 40 flags with 40 stars known to exist, with less than ten that are printed parade flags.

An extremely rare survivor produced during a brief period of usage. $3,000 - $4,000

185 British Silk Naval Ensign, Early to Mid-19th Century Silk, 40 x 31 in., British Red Ensign, ca 1800-1850.

In 1801, Ireland joined with Great Britain to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, which resulted in the Union Jack being added to the canton along with St Patrick’s Cross. In 1854, the Merchant Shipping Act specified that the Red Ensign was the appropriate flag for a British merchantman. The provision was repeated in subsequent British shipping legislation. Until 1864, the Red Ensign was the primary ensign of the Royal Navy, and worn by ships of the Red Squadron of the navy, as well as by unassigned warships. A previous owner relates that this flag was from one of Lord Nelson’s ships, used during the Battle of Trafalgar, although no documentation accompanies the flag to confirm this. The battle occurred in 1805, making the flag design appropriate for the period. $1,000 - $1,500

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AMERICA AT WAR | Late 19th Century | Photography 186 Scenes On Board a Man-of-War, US Flag-Ship Tennessee, Presentation Photograph Album Oblong folio, blue cloth with embossed gilt title, Scenes on Board a Man-of-War/ US FlagShip Tennessee, with gilt illustration at center, and presentation, William George Arthur to Mary Sullivan in gilt, containing 20 albumen photographs showing officers and various sections of the crew, including Rear Admiral James E. Jouett and Captain O.F. Stanton, members of the color guard posed with a Gatling gun, military exercises aboard the ship, a landing party, and more, each 9.25 x 7.25 in., mounted one to a page. All images credited to Hatton and Hart, photographers, 15 City Hall Square, New York. Ca 1885-1886.

Until May 1869, the USS Tennessee had been known as the USS Madawaska. At the time that the ship was renamed the Tennessee, she was timbered up to the necessary height to allow a spar deck to be installed and was fitted with new, more powerful engines capable of developing 3,200 horsepower. The Tennessee’s duties included service as flagship of the Asiatic Squadron under Rear Admiral William Reynolds, and by 1879, she was flagship of the North Atlantic Squadron under Rear Admiral Robert W. Wyman. Between September 1884 and June 1886, the Tennessee served under the command of Rear Admiral Jouett. The album was likely produced during this period of time. In 1885, Jouett led the forces that were sent to the Isthmus of Panama, quelling the rioting and restoring transit across the isthmus (Moebs, 2000: 60).

Moebs, Thomas Truxton. America’s Naval Heritage: a Catalog of Early Imprints from the Navy Department Library. Washington: Naval Historical Center, Dept. of the Navy, 2000, p. 60. $600 - $800

AMERICA AT WAR | The Gatling Gun 187 The Improved Gatling Gun Fitted Accles Positive Feed, Cabinet Photographs Lot of 4 cabinet card photographs of men displaying the Gatling gun, each with verso imprint providing a detailed description and specifications.

Invented during the early 1860s by Richard Gatling and used by the Union forces during the Civil War, the Gatling gun is one of the bestknown early rapid-fire spring loaded, hand cranked weapons and a forerunner of the modern machine gun. From 1893 through 1900, the Gatling gun underwent several modifications to fit different cartridges and also accommodate more ammunition. The cabinet cards offered here most likely advertised modifications from this period. $500 - $700

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AMERICA AT WAR | The Gardner Machine Gun 188 Gardner Machine Gun, Four Photographs Including Gardner Testing the Gun Lot of 4, including three albumen studio photographs, 7.5 x 10 in., showing two British soldiers demonstrating a Gardner machine gun, and a cabinet card of Mr. Gardner demonstrating his own gun outdoors.

Toledo, OH native and former captain during the Civil War, William Gardner invented the Gardner machine gun in 1874. After making a prototype, he went to the Pratt and Whitney company, which produced a military version of the weapon after a year of development. Between 1875 and 1880, a number of demonstrations and tests involving the Gardner were done for the US Army. Despite performing well, especially as more improvements were made, the US Army declined to purchase the gun. However, the British Navy expressed interest in the gun and ultimately adopted the weapon, purchasing the rights from Gardner. Then, after holding a series of trials, the British Army adopted the weapon as well. $600 - $800

AMERICA AT WAR | The Maxim Machine Gun 189 Inventor Hiram Maxim, Archive Relating to his Machine Gun Lot of 15+, comprised of letters, photographs, and ephemera related Hiram Maxim and the invention of the Maxim Gun, with additional items related to his son Hiram Percy Maxim and brother Hudson Maxim.

Sir Hiram Stevens Maxim was born in Sangerville, ME, on February 5, 1840. He was the eldest son of a mechanic. Apprenticed at fourteen to a carriage maker, he demonstrated a talent for invention at an early age. He obtained the first of his 271 patents at the age of 26 for a hair-curling iron, and is credited with a multitude of other inventions including a mousetrap, steam inhaler, carbon filaments for electric light bulbs, steam and gas engines, automated sprinkler system, an aerial torpedo gun, and the “Captive Flying Machine.”

It was following an 1881 move to England that Maxim designed his most famous invention, the Maxim Machine Gun. Legend holds that a friend exhorted Maxim to “Hang [your] chemistry and electricity! If you want to make a pile of money, invent something that will enable these Europeans to cut each others’ throats with greater facility.” This is exactly what Hiram Maxim accomplished with the Maxim Machine Gun. The world’s truly first automatic weapon, the Maxim Gun harnessed the recoil power of each bullet which served to continuously operate the machine gun mechanism. He later developed his own smokeless powder which maximized the gun’s effectiveness. With the founding of the Maxim Gun Company to produce his new weapon, Maxim was able to produce and market his weapon throughout Europe and Russia. By the time World War I waged the Maxim Gun Company was 112

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absorbed into Vickers, Ltd., but Maxim’s weapon had become the standard issue weapon of its type in the British Army and irrevocably changed the nature of combat.

Hiram Maxim’s success was not without cost. Feuds with his brother Hudson Maxim, also an inventor, over the patent for smokeless powder and credit for the Maxim Gun created a permanent rift between them. A 1900 letter in this collection from Hiram to a journal editor demonstrates his frustration over the matter.

During Maxim’s later years, he focused his inventive talent on the creation of flying machines. Despite some success in this area, he remained most recognized for his Maxim Machine Gun. In 1901, Queen Victoria bestowed a knighthood upon Maxim. He died in London on November 24, 1916, at the age of 76.

The work and legacy of Hiram Stevens Maxim was continued via his son Hiram Percy Maxim. The younger Maxim is noted as the inventor of the “Maxim Silencer” for firearms. He was involved in the early years of the American auto industry, and as co-founder of the American Radio Relay League is considered a radio pioneer.

Included in the collection are two small photographs of Sir Hiram Stevens Maxim, one with a possible date of 1906. There are three small collector cards from Ogden’s Cigarettes featuring Hiram Stevens Maxim’s image. Each measures approximately 1.5 x 2.25 in.

Of particular note are three items signed by Hiram S. Maxim. The first of these is a typed letter dated Sept 17, 1900. In it Maxim writes to the editor of the Kennebec Journal (located in Central Maine) and addresses a simmering controversy with his brother. He begins with a vehement proclamation of his sole claim on the Maxim Gun and other BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

AMERICA AT WAR | The Maxim Machine Gun inventions: Dear Sir, I am the Maxim who invented the automatic gun which is now in general use throughout the world.

I am the Maxim who designed, made and patented the large gun for throwing aerial torpedoes for sinking ships at sea.

I am the Maxim who the British Attorney General (Sir Richard Webster) said was the first man to combine nitroglycerine and gun-cotton in smokeless powder. These things have made my name well known throughout the world. He concludes by saying Two hours examination of the patents at the Astor Library will convince anyone of the truth of what I have said. I am the Maxim gun inventor, there is no other.

Maxim drew and signed an illustration of the Maxim Machine Gun that he dated June 9, 1901. Autographed Hiram S. Maxim, the illustration is postcard sized and includes this comment next to the image of the gun and a human stick figure caught in its fire, Yours 600 times a minute. The final item with Maxim’s full signature is a paper measuring 4.5 x 7 in., and dated London, September 4, 1903. On it Maxim writes simply: “Eternal vigilance is the price of success.”

Rounding out the items related to Hiram S. Maxim are two US Government-issued handbooks. The Handbook of the Maxim Automatic Machine Gun and the Handbook of the Colt Automatic Machine Gun were published in 1917 by the War Department.

Hudson Maxim is represented in the collection with a brief letter typed on his personal stationery. It is addressed to “The Art Editors” at Youth’s Companion, an American children’s magazine published in Boston. The letter is dated May 30, 1908, and contains his original signature. A large Hudson Maxim autographed photograph accompanies this letter though it hails from a later date.

Measuring approximately 11.5 x 8.25 in., this photograph depicts an older Hudson Maxim and the blue ink inscription reads: To My Friend Theo J. King, Feb 2, 1926. With Supreme Regards and every wonderful wish/ Hudson Maxim.

The magazine, Country Life in America, dated July 15, 1911, features an article by Hudson Maxim titled “Practical Uses of the Aeroplane in Commerce, Travel, and War” with photographs by the Pictorial News Co., Underwood & Underwood, H. C. Mann and others.

The final items in the collection represent Hiram Percy Maxim.

Included is a letter from Cecil Powell, Secretary-Manager of The Maxim Silencer Company, dated September 26, 1921, and addressed to Dr. A. T. Leonard, Jr. of San Francisco, CA. Powell references a booklet and catalog in the letter which are included in this collection. The small booklet is entitled “Experiences with the Maxim Silencer” and includes a forward by Hiram Percy Maxim. “The Maxim Silencer” catalog with price list is stamped as property of Walter J. Howe Licensed Gunsmith from New York, NY.

A letter to Mrs. Leslie Harwood of Wayne, Maine, and an accompanying photograph are also included. The postage stamp on the letter’s envelope indicates it originated in Boston in 1951, however, due to illegible handwriting the sender’s name is undetermined. In the letter, the author describes the photograph and appears to mark its date as 1890. Handwritten on the back of the photograph is the following notation: Hiram Maxim, His mother, Sam his brother, His wife, Taken near the lake. The photo depicts Hiram Stevens Maxim and these family members posing with a Maxim Machine Gun and is in good condition. $800 - $1,200

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190 Inventor Hiram Maxim with his Machine Gun, Two Albumen Photographs Lot of 2 albumen photographs by F.A. Wendell, Livermore Falls, ME, including a boudoir card of Hiram Maxim posed with his “Maxim Gun,” and a cabinet card taken during the same session featuring Maxim’s family posed with the inventor and his machine gun. $500 - $700

191 Theodore Roosevelt TLS to Hiram P. Maxim, March 1909, Regarding Winchester Rifles for Roosevelt’s Africa Expedition Roosevelt, Theodore Jr. (1858-1919). President of the United States (1901-1909). TLS with inked edits by Roosevelt, 1p, 7 x 8.25 in., on Roosevelt’s letterhead from his office at The Outlook in New York City, dated March 12, 1909 (just eight days after leaving the presidency), addressed to inventor Hiram P. Maxim, reading in full: My dear Mr Maxim, The 30-30 Winchester has come; I shall try it at once, and I need hardly say how obliged I am to you. General Crozier has not yet forwarded the other two guns to the Winchester Company, but he will doubtless do so in a reasonable time. I shall look forward to trying them in Africa.

With hearty thanks for your courtesy, Sincerely yours, [signed] Theodore Roosevelt.

Hiram Percy Maxim (1869-1936) was an inventor with contributions relating to radio, combustion engines, and firearms. H.P. Maxim was the son of Hiram S. Maxim (1840-1916), inventor of the first portable machine gun, among other things. The Winchesters discussed in the letter were equipped with the “Maxim Silencer,” which the younger Maxim patented in 1908. Roosevelt left for his African expedition less than 3 weeks after leaving office and returned to the United States with over 11,000 specimens for the Smithsonian Institution. $600 - $800

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THE SPANISH AMERICAN WAR 192 Rough Riders Theodore Roosevelt & Gordon Johnston, CMOH, Photograph Signed by Johnston Silver gelatin photograph, 8.375 x 6.5 in., capturing Theodore Roosevelt on horseback, exchanging a note with fellow Rough Rider, Gordon Johnston, ink inscribed and signed by Johnston lower right.

In addition to serving in the Spanish-American War with the 1st US Volunteer Cavalry Regiment, better known as the Rough Riders, Johnston (1874-1934) served as an officer during the Philippine-American War and World War I, receiving the Medal of Honor for his actions in the Philippines at the First Battle of Bud Dajo. Johnston was also awarded the Distinguished Service Cross (Philippine-American War) and the Distinguished Service Medal (World War I). $500 - $700

193 African American Cabin Steward, John R. Bell, USS Maine Casualty, Cabinet Photograph Cabinet card of an African American gentleman with a wellmanicured mustache and goatee, wearing a uniform and small anchor pin on his cravat, with period identification on mount verso, John R. Bell, with Lieutenant Commander Henry C. Neilds USN, Christmas 1885, and lightly penciled and signed inscription to a friend, believed to have been written in Bell’s hand, also dated 1885. With D.H. Hinkle, Germantown, PA backmark.

A rare photograph of John R. Bell, who had a long career as a cabin steward with the US Navy. Bell’s life came to an end while serving aboard the Battleship Maine when the vessel was wrecked in the harbor of Havana, February 15, 1898. Bell officially joined the Navy in 1871, although other sources claim he began his service in the Civil War. He was a very genial fellow and loved by many on each ship he served. Prior to the Maine, he served on the St. Louis and Lancaster.

Bell was one of the missing men whose body was never recovered from the wreckage. The only thing that remained was his gold pocket watch found in the wreckage of the decimated vessel. $300 - $500

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WORLD WAR I 194 R.B. Telescopic Graflex 4 x 5 View Camera Identified to Lieutenant Colonel Cushman A. Rice, US Army Air Service Folmer and Schwing “R.B. Telescopic Graflex” 4 x 5 box view camera signed on the inside of the curtain aperture, Lieut. Colonel/ Major Cushman A. Rice/ Air Service US Army Washington DC, accompanied by original 6.5 x 8 x 9 in. case stamped Folmer & Schwing Div./ Eastman Kodak Co./ Rochester, NY. With manuscript note on case’s purple velvet lining again identifying the camera to Lt. Colonel / Major Cushman A. Rice Air Service/ US Army, Washington, DC/ USA. Equipped with Bausch & Lomb Tessar lens dated 1903. Appears to be complete, but the camera has not been tested to see if it is in working order.

Accompanied by 7.75 x 9.75 x 10.25 in. wood travel case signed on the handle by Rice, containing the original Auto Graflex operator’s manual, Graflex Exposure Dial with original envelope, 6 plate holders with at least 3 produced by Contessa Nettel. A handwritten tag from Rice is also included, which we presume describes issues he was having with the camera offered here. He notes, in part: Col. C.A. Rice/ Willmar Minnesota/ to be overhauled and returned to above address. Bolts (?) are bad. top belt. Allows reel to spin droping [sic] film in front lenses, also breaking film...The lot also includes a 3-leg tripod, approx. 15 in. long, and two copy photos of Rice.

Colonel Cushman A. Rice was the most interesting man in the world.

He was a quintessential soldier of fortune, globe-trotter, and big game hunter. Before the age of 18, Rice became a brigadier general in the Honduras revolutionary army. In the ensuing years, he served with Garcia as an officer in the Cuban revolution, later rising from private to captain in the American forces in the Spanish-American War. He fought in the Philippines and in the Boxer uprising in China.

He enlisted as a private in World War I and in four months had risen to the rank of major in the air corps. He was the first American to command an aviation squadron of American pilots with the British Expeditionary Forces, flying American planes in France. One night Germans sent a gas barrage over his tent. Sleeping, he was unable to place his gas mask on in time to save himself from the devastating effects of gas. Horribly burned inside and out, his lungs almost completely disintegrated. He stayed in the hospital for five months in recovery until doctors sent him home to die. He survived and returned to Europe to continue to fight. Before he could reenlist, the Germans surrendered. After the Armistice, Colonel Rice was with the army of occupation and later went to Russia, Warsaw, and Odessa. He supervised 250,000 Russians in Constantinople. There he met Count Anatole Patapoff, a counter-revolutionist, and enabled him to come to Willmar, where he worked for several months in the Bank of Willmar, of which his father A. E. Rice was president. When he was not traveling, Colonel Rice divided his time between Cuba, in his Havana apartment or on his cattle ranch, and New York, at the Army and Navy Club.

He built himself a summer estate on the northwest shore of Green Lake, MN where he spent more and more of his time. He threw lavish parties and bought expensive cars. Many speculated as to where his wealth came from. It most likely came from his father, a Norwegian immigrant who worked his way from a door factory worker to a successful Minnesota businessman. His faithful Chinese servant of thirty years, Lin Foy, accompanied him on his travels and was responsible for all the duties of the Green Lake summer home. Although Rice lived to the fullest, his war injuries often held him back. On September 4, 1932, Rice died from complications with Details 116

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his lungs when he was only 54. Honorary pallbearers at his funeral included Governor Floyd B. Olson, Earle Brown, Dr. William Mayo, and Otto Bremer. Rice never married and died childless. He left a large sum of money to build Rice Memorial Hospital in Wilmer, MN which still stands.

Rice’s amazing life seems as if it were a work of fiction, and it might have inspired more than one character in a novel. He was the inspiration for the adventuresome character of “Captain Macklin” in a novel by Richard Harding Davis, who reportedly stated that in writing the book he “stepped on the soft pedal, because if I told the truth (about his life) the world wouldn’t believe it in a novel” (findagrave. com). Author Dan Hardy speculated that his life inspired the character Jay Gatsby in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby. “Gatsby kept his decoration in his pocket; Rice’s was attached to his cigarette case.

Gatsby’s life in New York, his well-publicised parties and his fancy car share obvious similarities. Rice’s past, like Gatsby’s, was a mystery to many who knew him,” argued Hardy along with other similarities (Andrew Wilson, The Australian, “Chasing the Real Gatsby,” http://www. theaustralian.com.au/news/world/chasing-the-real-gatsby/storyfnb64oi6-1226416974737). Fitzgerald was eleven-years-old when his family moved to Minnesota and would no doubt have seen articles on Rice’s exploits. It is certainly possible that Gatsby was somewhat inspired by the local hero. Others still speculate whether or not this is true, but agree that Hardy offered strong arguments. $1,500 - $3,000

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WORLD WAR II

195 German POW Folk Art Carved Columbus Clock from Fort Stanton, New Mexico Mixed wood, 25 x 9 in., finely folk art carved clock fashioned into the shape of an eagle perched atop a wreath with the wooden clock face engraved with the location, Fort Stanton, New Mexico 1942. The wreath sits atop a base with an additional carving of the ship, Columbus and a working light. Carved by a German POW, E.S. Schwietert. The clock is accompanied by a 3.25 in. pocket knife featuring a mother-of-pearl handle with a depiction of the SS Columbus.

Established in 1855 as a military post to control the Mescalero Apache Indians, Fort Stanton remains situated on 240 acres with 88 buildings built of local stone, some dating back to 1855. In 1939 it served as the internment site for German merchant seamen from the German luxury liner, SS Columbus, which was scuttled outside of New York to prevent its capture by the British. Some of the passengers returned home to Germany but the blockade made it difficult for all to return. Stranded, the 410 remaining men were sent to Fort Stanton until they could safely travel back to Germany. They were not considered prisoners because the United States had not entered World War II at the time. There were fewer restrictions, meaning the men could build and rebuild the camp to suit their needs.

They set up small shops for the ship’s barbers, tailors and tradesmen, and organized a kitchen and dining room. They built tennis courts, groomed soccer fields, built a recreation hall and library, and constructed a swimming pool. They created gardens and the officers were allowed to build personal living quarters. They even hosted a four-day mini-Olympics when the work was completed and later operated a driving training course (http://www.revisionist.net/ss-columbus.html).

When the United States entered into World War II in 1941, relations changed quickly and it became an official POW camp with high fences and enforced curfews. The prison grew and included more merchant seamen as well as “Nazi sympathizers.” All prisoners were not able to return home until August 27, 1945. $1,800 - $2,200

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WORLD WAR II 196 Adolf Hitler Typed Note Signed, April 1943 Hitler, Adolf (1889-1945). Leader of the Nazi Party, Chancellor of Germany (1933-1945). TNS on card stock with gilt embossed eagle/ swastika over Adolf Hitler at top left, and Berlin in gilt at top right, 1p, 7.5 x 5 in. April 1943. Written entirely in German. A thank you note signed by Hitler on the occasion of his birthday.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $600 - $800

197 General George S. Patton, Jr., Autographed 3rd Army Hat Patton, George S. Jr. (1885-1945). Four-star US Army general (19091945). He commanded the US 7th Army in the Mediterranean and European theaters of World War II, and is best known for leading the US 3rd Army in France and Germany following the Allied invasion of Normandy in June 1944. Signed garrison cap with unusual red piping, 10.75 x 5 in., autographed in black ink on one side, G S Patton Jr. $1,000 - $1,500

198 General George S. Patton, Jr., Autographed Cleaning Kit Patton, George S., Jr. (1885-1945). Four-star US Army general (1909-1945). Signed cleaning kit with A patch at bottom, representing the US 3rd Army, 13 x 3 in., autographed in black ink to the left of the patch, G S Patton Jr. The kit contains a .45 caliber pistol cleaning rod. $1,000 - $1,500

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WORLD WAR II

199 World War II, Original Cable from Reims Announcing the German Military’s Unconditional Surrender, May 7, 1945 Typed cable, 1p, 8.5 x 8.75 in., believed to be the original cable announcing the formal signing of the German Surrender at Reims, France, which took place at 2:41 AM on May 7, 1945.

Acquired by the consignor directly from Tech Sergeant Porter E. Whitney, who was supervising General Eisenhower’s QED top secret red line net at the Supreme Allied Command headquarters in Versailles. Whitney was working at his terminal when he received the teletype transmission offered here from Eisenhower’s SHAEF forward office at Reims, the site where the historic agreement was signed.

The cable is believed to be the original due to the six spelling errors it contains, which are shown in bold in the transcription below: PARA ONE PD A REPRESENTATIVES OF THE GERMAN HIGH CAMMAND SIGNED THE PAREN T COMBINED CHIEFS OF STAFF AND TO BRITISH CIEFS OF STAFF FOR A ACTION SIGNED EISENHOWER PD THIS IS SCAF 357 PD UNPAREN UNCONDITIONAL SURRENDER OF ALL GERMAN LAND CMA DEA AND AIR FORCES IN EUROPE TO THE ALLIED EXPEDITIOARY FORCE AND SIMULTANEOUSLY TO THE SOVIET HIGH COMMAND

AT ZERO ONE FOR ONE HOURS CENTRAL EUROPEAN TIME SEVEN MAY CMA NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY FIVE PD GENERAL SUSLOPAROFF SIGNED FOR RUSSIANS PD PARA TWO PD SURRENDER EFFECTIVE AT TWO THREE ZERO ONE HOURS CENTRAL EUROPEAN TIME EIGHT MAY AT WHICH TIME ALL ACTIVE OPERATIONS WILL CEASE PD PARA THREE PD REQUEST MISSION INFORM SOVIET HIGH COMMAND AND ACKNOWLEDGE PD PARA FOUR PD NO REPEAT NO RELEASE IS BEING MADE OT THE PRESS BY THIS HEADQUARTERS PENDING AN ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE THREE GOVERNMENTS PD BT 070410B The six typos were corrected by Tech Sergeant Whitney prior to forwarding to the Combined Chiefs of Staff, the British Chiefs of Staff, and the Military Mission in Moscow. However, this remains as likely the first cable announcing the unconditional surrender of the German military forces.

Accompanied by photocopy of original mailing envelope in which the cable was sent to the consignor by Tech Sergeant Whitney, with Whitney’s return address included. $2,000 - $3,000

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200 Dwight D. Eisenhower and Douglas MacArthur Book Signed World War II, Five-Star Generals Dwight D. Eisenhower (1890-1969), later President of the United States (1953-1961) and Douglas MacArthur (1880-1964). Book entitled, Surrender of Italy Germany and Japan/ World War II...Presented by Senator [Alben] Barkley/ October 4, 1945 (legislature day October 2, 1945). Produced during 79th Congress, 1st Session/ Senate Doc. No. 93, printed by the Official US Government Printing Office, 1946. 8vo, paper wrappers, 111pp. The book, which contains the full text of the Instruments of Surrender and addresses given by the Supreme Commanders as well as President Truman, is autographed by Dwight Eisenhower on p. 41, above the Instruments of Surrender, which was signed by German representatives at Reims, May 7, 1945. Douglas MacArthur autographed p. 94, just below the conclusion of the printed text of the statement he gave aboard the USS Missouri prior to the signing of the Japanese surrender documents on September 2, 1945. An inked inscription on FFEP from Fern Nance Pond(?) explains how the signatures were acquired in 1947. She first sent the book to Eisenhower while serving as Chief of Staff in Washington, DC, then to MacArthur while in Tokyo, Japan, asking them to sign their respective surrender documents. An image of the two generals clipped from a newspaper is pasted to the inside front cover. $1,000 - $2,000

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EARLY PHOTOGRAPHY 201 Rare Painted Half Plate Case and Daguerreotype Lacquered case with a hand-painted cover, featuring a moonlit scene of a tree-framed shoreline with what is either a dock or houseboat floating at the left, and other sailboats in the distance. Typical muted browns, golds, and greens. Back of case is black and has scrolled gold edge designs. Spine heavily tooled in gold and black with Memento in gold. Case missing clasps and cover is detached. Contains clear daguerreotype of a middle-aged man holding a cane in his left hand.

Previously sold in these rooms, May 25, 1996, Historic Americana Auction, Lot 46. $400 - $600

Detail

202 Quarter Plate Daguerreotype of Eli Whitney Jr. Quarter plate daguerreotype of Eli Whitney Jr., the son of the famous inventor Eli Whitney as well as an inventor in his own right. Whitney Jr. is best known for his involvement in the production of the Walker and Whitneyville Colt revolvers. The image was taken ca 1847. Housed in a floral pressed paper case with purple velvet lining. $2,000 - $3,000

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203 Remington Family Photographic Collection, Featuring Earliest Known Daguerreotype of Eliphalet Remington II, Founder of Remington Arms Co., L.L.C. Lot includes 6 cased images, featuring a positively identified sixth plate daguerreotype of the founder of the Remington Arms Co., L.L.C. and designer of the Remington Rifle, Eliphalet Remington II, housed in full case. The image offered in the lot is the earliest known example and, quite possibly, the only known daguerreotype of Remington that exists.

Accompanied by a quarter plate daguerreotype of Remington’s son, Philo Remington, Arms Manufacturer, as identified on note, with C.W. Teller’s Daguerreotype Gallery, Newburgh, NY imprint, pinned to velvet lining inside case. With inked date of April 2 1844 on velvet lining, housed in full case; sixth plate daguerreotype of Remington’s sonin-law, Lawrence L. Merry, husband to his daughter Maria, housed in half case; sixth plate daguerreotype of woman identified as Mary Myers Merry, although it may be Remington’s daughter, Maria, housed in half case under mat stamped by Plumbe; sixth plate ambrotypes of Remington’s grandchildren, Addie and Carrie Merry, children of Lawrence and Maria Merry, each housed in half case. A binder of

supporting documentation is also included with the collection.

Eliphalet Remington II was born in Suffield, CT on October 28, 1793 to his father, Eliphalet Remington, a blacksmith. Alongside his father, Remington operated an iron forge in Litchfield, and both fabricated and repaired tools, equipment, and hardware. In 1816, Remington developed his first flintlock rifle, a highly accurate gun based on its barrel shape. Demand was high and the business shifted from a foundry to manufacturing guns. By 1828, he had established his own forge in Ilion, and dominated the local trade, producing over 8,000 barrels per year for gunsmiths. Remingtons became highly sought after firearms for their quality, accuracy, and craftsmanship.

Many of their guns were used during the Civil War, World War I, and World War II. When Eliphalet Remington II died in 1861, his oldest son Philo took over the family business. By 1886, E. Remington & Sons had experienced serious downturns, and the company went into receivership. In 1888, Marcellus Hartley and the Winchester Repeating Arms Company purchased Remington and renamed it Remington Arms Co. (Information obtained from the NRA Museums website, October 1, 2016.) $7,500 - $15,000

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EARLY PHOTOGRAPHY 204 Inventor & Industrialist Samuel Colt, Rare CDV Carte de visite of Samuel Colt (1814-1862), firearms innovator and industrialist. A rare portrait by Kellogg Brothers, Hartford, CT, showing Colt not long before his death in 1862. $600 - $800

205 Half Plate Tintype of Jack Daniel’s Silver Cornet Band at Lynchburg Square, Tennessee Uncased outdoor tintype, 6.125 x 4.375 in., capturing a ten-piece band, each member with instrument in hand, standing on a dirtcovered street outside a hardware and furniture store. A large sign promoting Jack Daniel’s Old No. 7 whiskey hangs above the store.

Research indicates that this is a copy of an image showing Jack Daniel’s Silver Cornet Band, which was formed in 1905 by Daniel to draw crowds to Lynchburg Square and his two saloons in Tennessee.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $300 - $500

206 Occupational Albumen Photograph of Coachmakers in Their Shop Albumen photograph, 7.75 x 9.5 in., on 10.5 x 12.5 in. mount.

No inscription or photographer’s credit, but accompanied by a note stating the image was found in New Baltimore (NY, MI, OH, PA, IN, or VA). $600 - $800

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EARLY PHOTOGRAPHY 207 Japanese Photograph Album of the Shinto Shrine at Nikko, with Fine Decorative Cover Japanese lacquered photo album with covers decorated in gold, red, and mother-of-pearl inlays, 12.5 x 16 in., containing 29 photographs, each 8 x 10 in., mounted recto/verso, most hand-colored, some titled in the negative. Images mainly capture the scenery and architecture of Nikko, Japan, including its famed Shinto shrine, gilded Yomeimon Gate, and a lavish memorial for Tokugawa Ieyasu, founding ruler of the Tokugawa shogunate, or Edo Period. $1,500 - $2,500

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SLAVERY & THE AFRICAN AMERICAN EXPERIENCE 208 Slave Mask, Ca 1840-1850 Wrought iron slave mask, with nose holes on the front, approx.

12 x 10 x 6 in., ca 1840-1850. Accompanied by signed document from consignor, stating that the mask along with three slave collars and a branding iron were purchased in 1982 from the collection of Bernard Gilliam of Johnson City, TN. With the exception of the branding iron, which came from a plantation in Mississippi, the remaining objects were acquired by Mr. Gilliam from a Charleston, SC collector in the 1950s.

A rare survivor. $3,000 - $5,000

209 Sixth Plate Ambrotype of African American Woman and Child Sixth plate ambrotype of a middle-aged African American woman wearing a lace bonnet with red, hand-tinted flowers, seated beside a young African American girl wearing a fancy floral dress and fingerless gloves. Housed in half case. $600 - $800

210 Alexander Gardner CDV of Identified African American Servant to the Washington Family, Mt. Vernon Carte de visite of an aged African American gentleman seated in a studio setting, with several sticks propped against the shelf beside him, pencil identified on mount verso as, Jim Mitchell family servant of the Washington family/ 83 years old/ April 15th, 1870/ lived at Mt. Vernon since 14 years age. With Alexander Gardner’s Washington, DC backmark.

At the time of his death, George Washington owned 317 slaves, five named James. One slave, entered as James (c), supposedly came to Mt. Vernon in 1799. Considering that he would have been approximately 12-years-old when he arrived at the plantation, James (c) may be the same man sitting in the portrait offered here. Washington famously requested to emancipate all of his slaves after the death of his wife.

However, James continued to live and serve the Washington family for some time. Alexander Gardner became the first “official” photographer for Mt. Vernon in late 1866 or early 1867. He photographed several of the rooms in Mt. Vernon and also produced some CDVs. He was the estate’s official photographer until 1878, making the supposed date of the photograph within Gardner’s tenure.

However, no further records have been found regarding the subject of this particular portrait, Jim Mitchell. $300 - $500

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GEORGE WASHINGTON AND THOMAS JEFFERSON DS

211 George Washington and Thomas Jefferson DS, 1793 Washington, George (1732-1799). First President of the United States (1789-1797). Partially printed DS, 1p, 15 x 11 in. (sight), on laid paper with seal affixed lower left, Philadelphia. February 20, 1893. Signed

by Washington as President and Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826) as Secretary of State (1790-1793). Appointment of William Munson as Inspector of the Revenue for the several Ports within the District of New haven. Matted and framed together with engravings of Washington and Jefferson, 38 x 21 in.

William Munson, of New Haven, was appointed first lieutenant in Captain Parmalee’s company, which was recruited from New Haven in April 1776. On January 9, 1777, Munson was commissioned a captain in Colonel Moses Hazen’s Regiment and served until the end of the war in 1783. This regiment was an “at large” regiment, sometimes called “Congress’ Own” and “Canadian.” Munson served with the main army, engaged at Brandywine, Germantown, Monmouth, and at the siege and surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown. Munson received a bounty land grant of 300 acres for his service on February 27, 1797 and became a member of the exclusive Society of Cincinnati following the war. $10,000 - $15,000

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Before Lincoln | Autographs & Manuscripts 212 George Washington Clipped Signature from Free Frank Washington, George (1732-1799). First President of the United States (17891797). Signature clipped from free frank envelope, 2.75 x 1.25 in. (sight), signed Free/ G. Washington. Accompanied by seal in black wax marked GW. Matted and framed together with portrait of Washington, 15 x 20.75 in. $3,000 - $5,000

213 John Adams, Partial DS, August 1787 Adams, John (1735-1826). President of the United States (1797-1801).

Partial document signed, 1p, 7 x 1.75 in., signed in Great Britain, while Adams was serving as American Minister to the Court of St. James.

August 21, 1787. This appears to be a portion of a legal document,

which reads: Done at our House in Grosvenor Square West Minster this 21 day of August, A.D. 1787: In Testimony whereof we have caused the Impression of our Hands to be hereunto affixed. Boldly signed John Adams. Matted and framed together with modern portrait of Adams, 16.5 x 19.5 in. $3,000 - $5,000

214 John Adams Free Frank Adams, John (1735-1826). President of the United States (1797-1801).

Free frank, 9 x 3.25 in. (sight), addressed to Le Ray De Chaumont Esqr., Jefferson County, New York, signed J. Adams over the mailing address, with Free inked at top right. With inked address, Quincy, MS October 7th, at top left. With additional notation along right margin, John Adams, Quincy 6 Oct. 1818. Matted and framed together with a descriptive plaque and modern portrait of Adams, 26.75 x 21.25 in. $2,000 - $3,000

215 Thomas Jefferson Free Frank Jefferson, Thomas (1743-1826). President of the United States (18011809). Free frank envelope, 5 x 3.25 in., addressed to The honble/ Genl.

Samuel Smith/ Baltimore, and signed at top left, free Th. Jefferson. With Free written in large script at top right. Matted and framed together with portrait of Jefferson, 14.75 x 20.75 in. $3,000 - $5,000

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Before Lincoln | Autographs & Manuscripts

216 Thomas Jefferson and James Madison Signed Land Grant Issued for Military Service, 1801 Jefferson, Thomas (1743-1846). President of the United States (18011809). Partially printed DS, 1p, 12.5 x 14.5 in. (sight), on vellum with seal lower left, Washington. May 20, 1801. Signed by Jefferson as President and James Madison (1751-1836) as Secretary of State (1801-1809). Document granting 400 acres of land to Holt Richeson, a lieutenant colonel for three years to the United States, in the Virginia Line on Continental Establishment. Matted and framed, 18.625 x 20.75 in.

Holt Richerson (1736-1800), whose name was more generally rendered Richeson, resided in King William, VA, and was lieutenant colonel of the 7th Virginia Regiment, afterwards the 5th Regiment, from October 9, 1777 to May 10, 1779, when he resigned. In 1788 he was deputy sheriff of King William County. $2,000 - $3,000 217 No Lot

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Before Lincoln | Autographs & Manuscripts 218 Thomas Jefferson Memorial Carved Folk Art Cane Hand-carved cane, 35 in. ln., 1.25 in. ferrule, with relief carved banner spiraling around shaft: Thos. Jefferson of VA Born April 13, 1743, Was President USA, 1801 to 1809/ Wrote Declaration of Independence, Founder of University VA 1819/ Died July 4, 1826. This cane / cane [repeated] was cut near Jeffersons Tomb. Shaft additionally decorated with chip-carved birds, rabbits, serpents, and other animals.

The maker of this cane was Thomas Jefferson Craddock, a resident of Milton VA, who would sell his craft in front of Jefferson’s tomb. During the Civil War, Craddock served as a private in the 5th Virginia Cavalry. He was apparently quite prolific. This is the seventh example of Craddock’s work that Cowan’s has offered. See also Meyer’s American Folk Art Canes, 1992: 265.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $500 - $700

Details

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Before Lincoln | Autographs & Manuscripts 219 James Madison ALS, April 1803 Madison, James (1751-1836). President of the United States (18091817). ALS, 1p, 8 x 9.75 in., Department of State, Washington, DC. April 15, 1803. Addressed to Robert Purviance, Collector of Customs, Baltimore, concerning the legality of Captain Lewis leaving behind two seamen bound for the United States. Written and signed by Madison as Thomas Jefferson’s Secretary of State (1801-1809). Franked again by Madison on integral address leaf. Madison notes that, although it is illegal to leave seamen behind, “the proof necessary to maintain actions against masters of vessels in like cases is so difficult, that it would not be adviseable to institute one in the present instance.” $1,500 - $2,500

220 James Madison, Four Language Ships’ Papers Signed as President, 1812 & 1813 Madison, James (1751-1836). President of the United States (18091817). Lot of 2 partially printed ship DsS, each 1p, approx. 21 x 16.5 in.

Both feature four-language (Spanish, French, English, Dutch) letters authorizing passage of identified captains and ships. The first DS, Baltimore, MD, November 20, 1812, grants permission for the 142-ton Brig Dolphin, captained by John Salter, Jr., to depart from the port of Baltimore bound for Lisbon and laden with Flour & Corn. Signed by Madison as President and James Monroe (1758-1831) as Secretary of State (1811-1817). Retains large US seal and Samuel Sterett/ Notary Public/ Baltimore/ USA seal at left.

Second DS, Beaufort, SC, March 23, 1813, grants permission for the 93 and 61/95 - ton Schooner Maria Louisa, captained by George Brooks, to depart from the port of Beaufort bound for Nantz [Nantes] and laden with Cotton. Signed by Madison as President and Robert Smith (1757-1842) as Secretary of State (1809-1811). Retains large US seal at left and notary public seal of William Joyner at lower right. $1,500 - $3,000 1 of 2

221 James Monroe DS, Instructions to Public and Private Armed Vessels of the United States, 1812 Monroe, James (1758-1831). President of the United States (1817-1825).

Partially printed DS, 1p, 8.25 x 10.25 in. August 28, 1812. Signed by Monroe as Secretary of State (1811-1817). Addressed to Captain Charles Erwin, Commander of the private army. Seems to be care of someone in Philadelphia, but second address line unreadable. At top is No. 521.

The United States had begun her second revolution, in the history books as the War of 1812. One of the proximate causes was the impressment of American sailors into the Royal Navy, which had been going on nearly since the end of the first revolution. Seamen were thus especially wary of British ships. This notice from the Secretary of State instructs armed vessels, public and private (privateers) not to interfere with vessels flying the American flag, even if they are coming from British ports. He instructs them to let the merchant vessels through, and any issues will be sorted out in the American ports. Certainly many of these ships left before war was declared in June 1812. This was only August, and many merchants may not yet have gotten word that the situation had changed between the two nations. $500 - $700 130

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Before Lincoln | Autographs & Manuscripts

222 James Monroe, Partial DS as President, July 1820 Monroe, James (1758-1831). President of the United States (18171825). Partial DS as President, 1p, 6.25 x 3 in. July 20, 1820. Bottom right portion of document boldly autographed in ink, James Monroe. Matted and framed together with modern portrait of Monroe, 16.75 x 19.5 in. $800 - $1,200

223 James Monroe Free Frank Monroe, James (1758-1831). President of the United States (18171825). Free frank envelope, 4.75 x 3.125 in., addressed in Monroe’s hand to Nathl. C. Tracy Esquire/ Depy. Collector of/ Boston, franked top right, James Monroe, with Free stamped below. Postmark illegible.

Matted and framed with an engraving of Monroe by C. Holl, after a portrait by Stuart, 6.25 x 9.25 in. (sight), overall 22 x 17.75 in. $500 - $700

224 John Quincy Adams, Clipped Signature and 1794 Manuscript Written in his Hand Adams, John Quincy (1767-1848). President of the United States (1825-1829). Lot of 2. Manuscript affidavit written entirely in Adams’ hand, 1p, 8.5 x 12.5 in. The document concerns John Madey and his request for citizenship. The document states, in part, That he is an alien, a free white person, that he has resided within the limits...of the United States...He therefore prays that upon his making proof...that he is a person of good character, he may be admitted as a Citizen of the United States.

Accompanied by clipped signature, approx. 3.25 x 1 in. (sight), signed in black ink John Quincy Adams. Matted and framed together with modern portrait of Adams, 25.5 x 21.5 in. overall. $500 - $700

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Before Lincoln | Autographs & Manuscripts 225 Andrew Jackson Appointment Signed as President, April 1830 Jackson, Andrew (1767-1845). President of the United States (1829-1837). Partially printed DS, 1p, 15 x 9.5 in., Washington. June 18, 1831.

Appointment of Moses Damrell as Second Lieutenant of a Cutter in the service of the United States for the Protection of the Revenue. Signed by Jackson as President and Samuel D. Ingham (1779-1860) as Secretary of Treasury (1829-1831). $700 - $1,000

226 Montgomery Blair ALS, 1836, Also Signed by Andrew Jackson as President and General Alexander Macomb ALS, 1p, 8 x 10 in., City of Washington. January 26, 1836. Written

by Montgomery Blair (who would become Lincoln’s Postmaster General), endorsed and signed by General Alexander Macomb (as Commanding General of the US Army), and by Andrew Jackson as President. By this letter, addressed to the US Secretary of War, Blair asks to be reinstated into the Army so that he may join his company fighting in Florida. He writes, in part: I have read with unaffected sorrow the recent news from our Florida frontier & observing also by the official sentiment accompanying that account that the county now requires officers for the Army. I have concluded to offer my services again & ask the revocation of my resignation of October last. Should the Secretary be please to grant this request I will spare no efforts to equip & join my company know ordered to rendezvous at Picolata in Florida...Montgomery Blair.

Macomb endorses Blair’s request, and forwards to the President. He writes, in part: As the restoration of Mr. M. Blair to his former station in the army will interfere with no officer’s rights, I recommend, that he [be] attached to his regiment, as Brevet Second Lieutenant, he being a graduate of the Military Academy… A. Macomb. M. Genl.

President Jackson signs his approval Approved Janry, 26th 1836. Andrew Jackson In November 1835, the Seminole Indians in Florida began resisting their scheduled removal to the West, thereby setting off the Second Seminole War (aka “Florida War.”). Osceola would lead the Indians in this war until his capture in 1837. On December 28, 1835, Indian Agent Wiley Thompson and his men were massacred at Fort King, FL. That same day, Major Francis L. Dade [namesake of Dade County, FL] and 100 of his men were killed at Fort Brooke, FL. When news of the killings reached the north a few weeks later, it dominated the national news. President Andrew Jackson called for volunteers from Florida, Georgia and South Carolina. And men with military backgrounds, such as Montgomery Blair, felt duty bound to revenge their former comrades in arms.

Montgomery Blair (1813-83) graduated from West Point in 1835, but resigned his commission in October 1835. As this letter attests, his resignation was revoked and he rejoined his company and did, fight in the Florida War for a year, before again resigning. He subsequently served as US Solicitor in the Court of Claims (1855-58), and US Postmaster General from 1861-64 (Lincoln’s cabinet).

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Alexander Macomb (1782-1841) was commanding general of the US Army from 1828 until his death. During the War of 1812 he was promoted to brigadier general. He received a Congressional Gold Medal and the Thanks of Congress for his victory at the Battle of Plattsburg. His last active service in the field was during the Seminole War. Andrew Jackson (1767-1845). War of 1812 hero, who had been military governor of Florida in 1821, served as president from 182937, encompassing the time of this letter. $1,000 - $1,500

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Before Lincoln | Autographs & Manuscripts

227 Andrew Jackson Free Frank Jackson, Andrew (1767-1845). President of the United States (18291837). Free frank envelope, 5.125 x 3.375 in., addressed in Jackson’s hand to Leusce Jones/ Nottoway Court/ House/ Nottoway County/ Virginia, and franked across top, Free Andrew Jackson. A red circular postmark from Washington City, Mar. 20 is at left, with black sealing wax affixed on reverse. Matted and framed together with portrait of Jackson, 12.5 x 15.5 in. $800 - $1,000

228 Andrew Jackson Free Frank Jackson, Andrew (1767-1845). President of the United States (18291837). Free frank envelope panel, 5.25 x 3.5 in., addressed in Jackson’s hand to William Prescott, Esq. Lynn, Massachusetts, and franked across top, Free Andrew Jackson. Postmark stamp, Nashville, Te. Dec. 3. Matted and framed together with modern portrait of Jackson, 16.5 x 19.5 in. $800 - $1,200

229 Martin Van Buren DS as President, 1839 Van Buren, Martin (1782-1862). President of the United States (18371841). Partially printed DS, 2pp, 8 x 10 in., Washington. May 13, 1839.

Document in which Van Buren orders the pardon of Lyman Parkes, otherwise called James Wilson, and for the remission of the balance of the time of his imprisonment...Signed M. Van Buren. With inked notes regarding pardon on second page. Accompanied by portrait of Van Buren, 6.5 x 9 in. $500 - $700

230 William Henry Harrison, LS, May 1814 Harrison, William Henry (1773-1841). President of the United States (1841). LS, 1p, 7.5 x 9.5 in. May 16, 1814. Recipient unknown. Signed at bottom, Willm Henry Harrison. Also signed by Jesse Hunt and Martin Baum. The letter states, in part: Having been requested to state our opinion of Major John Bronson late agent for James Morrison of Lexington we do declare that we have been personally and intimately acquainted with the said John Bronson for a number of years and that we know him to be a person of the most exemplary moral conduct. His prudence and integrity we believe to be unquestionable and we consider him as entitled to universal confidence and respect.

Matted and framed together with a modern portrait of Harrison, 25.5 x 21.5 in. $800 - $1,200

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Before Lincoln | Autographs & Manuscripts 231 William Henry Harrison ALS, November 1826 Harrison, William Henry (1773-1841). President of the United States (1841). ALS, 1.5pp, 7.75 x 9.75 in., Cincinnati, (OH). November 10, 1826. Addressed to G. Poindexter. A letter in which Harrison discusses Poindexter’s wishes to run for the US Senate. “...I presume you will be a candidate for the U.S. Senate in which case I need not say that I most sincerely wish you success altho it would be at the expense of the feeling of one for whom I have much esteem altho he has not the same claim to my friendship that you have. I mean Mr. Read the present Senator. If you will not serve yourself I wish you could give him the aid of your influence....If I can tender any service to you or any friend of your you will not fail to command it.... No one would be more rejoiced to see you once more restored to the service of your country than I would be.

To be candid your State has not exhibitted any great degree of talents of late in the National Legislature. But my friend Read is in my opinion superior to any but one which Mississippi has ever sent to either House of Congress.”

George Poindexter (1779-1853) served as a delegate from 1807-1812, in the House for one term (1817-1818), and in the Senate from 1829-1834, the first two terms as a Jacksonian and the third as an Anti-Jacksonian Senator from Mississippi. $1,500 - $2,500

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232 William Henry Harrison Free Frank Harrison, William Henry (1773-1841). President of the United States (1841). Free frank envelope, 5 x 2.5 in., addressed in Harrison’s hand to Benjamin Tappin Esqr., Steubenville, Ohio, and franked upper right, Free W.H. Harrison. With Cleves, Ohio July 10 written upper left. Document is unfolded, 7.75 x 6 in., and includes inked date along the right margin, July 9, 1826. Matted and framed together with a modern portrait of Harrison, 12.5 x 15.5 in. $1,000 - $2,000

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233 John Tyler ALS as President, 1841, Plus DS Tyler, John (1790-1862). President of the United States (1841-1845). Lot of 2. ALS, 1.5pp, 4.5 x 7 in. Addressed to J.C. Spencer, Secretary of War (1841-1843). Letter in which President Tyler introduces Mr. Spencer to a Mr. Blackford of Virginia. Apparently Tyler wants Spencer to consider him for a position. Mr. B. is unquestionably entitled to high consideration.

Will you do me the favor to give to Mr. Blackford an audience...

DS, 1p, 5.75 x 8.5 in., signed by President John Tyler along with several members of his cabinet including Vice President William R. King, Secretary of War William Wilkins, and Secretary of State Daniel Webster.

All signed that they received the 4-volume Republication of the Public Documents from Walter Lowrie, Secretary of the Senate.

John Tyler was elected Vice President on the ticket with William Henry Harrison (“Tippecanoe and Tyler, too”). He was only in that position briefly, and became President in 1841 when Harrison died, a mere 32 days in office. Tyler was from an old Virginia family, and was put on the ticket to attract states’ rights Southerners. He ran afoul of his party’s leaders, finding much in the platform unconstitutional. Most of his cabinet resigned, and he was unable to secure a party nomination for re-election.

He spent the second half of his term dedicated to annexing Texas. He did get Congress to pass the resolution to annex the Republic, but it had to be completed by his successor, James K. Polk. $800 - $1,200 BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

POLITICS IN AMERICA | Before Lincoln | Autographs & Manuscripts 234 John Tyler, DS as President, June 1841 Tyler, John (1790-1862). President of the United States (1841-1845).

Partially printed DS, 1p, 8 x 10 in., Washington. June 17, 1841.

Document in which President Tyler directs the Secretary of State, Daniel Webster, to affix the seal of the United States to the envelope of a letter to the Emperor of Russia, in answer to a communication announcing the Marriage of His Son the Hereditary Grand Duke Alexander. Matted and framed together with a modern portrait of Tyler, 25.5 x 22 in. $700 - $1,000

235 James K. Polk ALS as President, November 1847 Polk, James K. (1795-1849). President of the United States (1845-1849). ALS, 1p, on front of envelope addressed to Hon. Jas. K. Polk Prest. U.S., Washington City, DC, 3.5 x 8.5 in., postmarked Athens, TN. War Dept., November 11 or 16, 1847. Letter written and initialed in the hand of Polk as President, J.K.P., recommending Dr. John Parshall of Athens, TN, as surgeon to the office respecting the circuit of volunteers in place of a Dr. J.G.M. Ramsey, who declined to accept the position. $500 - $700

236 Zachary Taylor, Written and Signed Inscription Plus Addressed Panel Taylor, Zachary (1784-1850). President of the United States (1849-1850).

Inscription and signature on light blue paper, 4.25 x 2.25 in., from the closing of a letter to Mrs. William Hathaway, a member of the prominent Hathaway family of New Bedford, MA, which reads, Very Respectfully/ Dear Madam/ Your Obt. Servt./ Z. Taylor Majr. Gen./ U.S. Army. Accompanied by panel, 4.5 x 2.5 in., addressed in Taylor’s hand, postmarked Baton Rouge, LA, January 3, ca 1840s.

Both affixed to white card, 7 x 8 in., matted and framed together with a portrait of Taylor, 25.5 x 21.5 in. $1,500 - $2,500

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237 Zachary Taylor ALS, June 1824 Taylor, Zachary (1784-1850). President of the United States (18491850). ALS, 3pp, 8 x 10 in., Cincinnati [OH]. June 17, 1824. Signed Z. Taylor, Lt. Col. 1st Regt. US Infy. To Maj. C.J. (Charles J.) Nourse, Acting Adjutant General.

Zachary Taylor tells Nourse that he has placed Captain Shaler on recruiting service at Cincinnati. He hopes to send the recruits to Council Bluffs along with those in the rendezvous at Louisville.

He would like the men recruited at Natchez to se sent to the 7th Regiment on Red River by July 20, ...otherwise a numb[er] of them may fall victims to the diseases incidental to that place during a part of the Summer and Autumn...I shall direct Capt. Young in the event of any contagion making its appearance in Natchez, to select some eligible position within a few miles of the town and encamp his party at it, during the prevalence of the same.

He also requests a supply of fuses. Captain Shaler informs me that there has been neither boots, nor shoes forwarded with the clothing for the recr[uitin]g. service at this place, this has been a very great omission on the part of the Comy. Genl. of Purchases,.. He goes on to say that he will

direct officers at Louisville and Natchez to purchase a few where they are.

And finally, The officers under my superintendence have requested that I would apply to the Comdg. Genl. of the Army for an order to supply them with music from the Regts. for which they were recruiting, as they are of opinion that it would greatly facilitate their operations in obtaining recruits...

Taylor was commissioned as an officer in 1808 and won accolades for his actions in the War of 1812. Between that war and the later Black Hawk War (1832), he spent most of his time establishing forts along the Mississippi River and major tributaries (Ohio, Red Rivers, etc.). In the Second Seminole War he earned his nickname “Old Rough and Ready.” His service in the Mexican War won him the White House, although he seemed to be apolitical. He spent most of his short time in office (only about 16 months) avoiding issues (such as slavery), and encouraging western states to apply for statehood without being territories. When he died of a stomach ailment in July 1850, he had done little to impact the divide that would lead to the Civil War just a decade later. $1,000 - $1,500

238 Zachary Taylor Signed Engraving Taylor, Zachary (1784-1850). President of the United States (18491850). Signed engraving by T.B. Welch, Philadelphia, from a daguerreotype by Maguire, 5.25 x 7 in. (sight), autographed in lower margin, Z. Taylor. Matted and framed, 16.75 x 18.25 in. $700 - $1,000

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FREMONT & DAYTON GIVE ‘EM JESSIE! CAMPAIGN FLAG

239 Fremont & Dayton, Exceptionally Rare Give ‘Em Jessie!

Campaign Flag Course, glazed cotton, printed campaign flag with 32 stars arranged in a circular pattern, with the title of the popular campaign song, Give ‘Em Jessie/ Fremont & Dayton in the field, 27.5 x 20 in., ca 1856.

Exceptionally rare flag, not published in Threads of History. We have been unable to find any other examples and very few similar examples in our research.

James Buchanan, an experienced Democratic Pennsylvania politician and bachelor, and John C. Fremont, a former Republican California Senator, war hero, and family man, were the two primary contenders in the 1856 presidential election. Both campaigns published popular songs to entertain and influence voters. One of Fremont’s more popular jingles was “Give ‘Em Jessie,” a parody set to the tune of “Wait for the Wagon.” The revised lyrics replaced “Will give them hell” for “We’ll give ‘em Jessie,” referencing Fremont’s wife, Jessie Benton Fremont (Schoening and Kasper, Don’t Stop Thinking About the Music, p. 60).

Fremont suggested that Buchanan’s bachelorhood was due to character flaws and selfishness. The song “Give ‘Em Jessie” intended to appeal to male voters and show that Jessie would maintain the American home and Fremont would protect free labor; rights and values that Buchanan would either threaten or could not uphold as president and as an unmarried man (Grant, Political Antislavery Discourse and American Literature of the 1850s, pp. 158-161). As a result, Jessie became an important symbol in the campaign. The slogan and song became so popular that a Democratic editor complained that, “Fremont’s only qualification for office is admitted by his friends to be the senseless cry ‘Give ‘Em Jessie’” (Grant, Political Antislavery Discourse and American Literature of the 1850s, p. 161). Although his campaign was unsuccessful, many of Fremont’s songs proved popular for years including “Give ‘Em Jessie.” $6,000 - $8,000

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Before Lincoln | Autographs & Manuscripts 240 James Buchanan ALS as President, October 1860 Buchanan, James (1791-1868). President of the United States (1857-1861). ALS, 2pp, 5 x 8 in., Washington. October 10, 1860. Addressed to Lily L. Macalaster. Referring to the recipient as My dear Lily, President Buchanan congratulates her on her recent engagement. He writes, I had thought that “the prospect of a decay spinsterhood” would not have compelled you into an engagement without saying a word on the subject(?) to your super annuated bachelor friend; but when young ladies have determined to marry they will go ahead. May you enjoy all the blessings in your matrimonial state which I ardently desire & you so richly deserve!

Lily L. Macalaster was a friend to Buchanan’s orphaned niece, Harriet Lane, whom he adopted. Buchanan never married, and as a result, Lane served as official White House hostess during her uncle’s time in office. $800 - $1,000

POLITICS IN AMERICA | Lincolniana

241 Abraham Lincoln Legal Document Written in his Hand, 1850 Lincoln, Abraham (1809-1865). President of the United States (18611865). Tazewell Co., IL. April Term Tazewell Circuit Court, 1850. 2.5pp on blue lined legal sheet. Signed Bush and Lincoln, p.q. (plaintiff’s attorneys). In the case of Josiah Matthews v. William L. Saltonstall, Mr. Matthews accuses the defendant: ...on the twentieth day of September in ...[1849], and on other divers days and times ... with force and arms, broke and entered the close of the said plaintiff... and there and then forced, broke open, threw down, damaged and spoiled divers fences of the said plaintiff of great value, towit of the value of one hundred dollars...and with feet in walking, trod down, trampled upon, consumed and spoiled the grass and corn of the said plaintiff. pf great value, towit, of the value of one hundred dollars, then growing and being in the close aforesaid, and with divers horses, mares, geldings, sheep, cattle and oxen, and also with the wheels of divers cats, waggons [sic], and other carriages, crushed, 138

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damaged and spoiled other the grass and corn of the said plaintiff, of great value... and [with the same animals and vehicles] tore up, subverted, damaged and spoiled the earth and soil of the said close; and thereby and therewith during all the time aforesaid, greatly encumbered the close... and prevented the said plaintiff from having the use, benefit and enjoyment thereof in so large and ample a manner as he might and otherwise would have done, towit, at the county aforesaid. The complaint goes on to accuse Mr. Saltonstall of doing the same to another piece of Mr. Matthews’ properties, To the damage of the said plaintiff of five hundred dollars and therefore he brings his suit, etc.

Lincoln left a few blanks in the complaint for dates and locations (particularly the township/range location of the second piece of property, and the date of the first offence), which have been filled in by a clerk. The majority of the 2+ pages are in Lincoln’s hand. $3,000 - $5,000 BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

POLITICS IN AMERICA | Lincolniana 242 Abraham Lincoln Franked Envelope from Washington, DC Lincoln, Abraham (1809-1865). President of the United States (1861-1865). Free frank envelope, 5.25 x 3 in., addressed in Lincoln’s hand to Hon. Francis S. Corkoran/ Baltimore/ Md., and franked top right, A. Lincoln. Postmarked Washington DC Sep 30. Envelope is displayed unfolded, 11 x 6.25 in. Matted and framed together with modern portrait of Lincoln, 36.5 x 21 in. $3,000 - $5,000

243 Abraham Lincoln Appointment Signed as President for Henry J. Hunt, July 1862 Lincoln, Abraham (1809-1865). President of the United States (1861-1865). DS, 1p, 13 x 17 in. (sight), with embossed seal affixed upper left, Washington. July 26, 1862. Appointment of Henry J. Hunt as Additional Aidede-Camp with the rank of Colonel...to rank as such from September 28, 1861. Signed by Lincoln as President and Edwin Stanton (1814-1869) as Secretary of War (18621868). Matted and framed, 20.75 x 24.5 in.

Mexican War veteran, Henry J. Hunt (1819-1889) achieved his greatest fame as the Union Brigadier General and Chief of Artillery of the Army of the Potomac. He is credited with breaking the Confederate pursuit at Bull Run, opening the battle at Fredericksburg, and mowing down the Confederates involved in Pickett’s Charge at Gettysburg. $3,000 - $5,000

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Lincolniana

244 Abraham Lincoln Autograph Letter Signed as President, June 18, 1864 Lincoln, Abraham (1809-1865). President of the United States (1861-1865).

ALS, 1p, Washington (DC). June 18, 1864, on Executive Mansion stationery.

Signed A. Lincoln. Addressed to the Secretary of War, Edwin Stanton.

Regarding a recommendation for Colonel Abel Godard of the 60th New York for promotion to Brigadier General. Lincoln concludes, I wish this case remembered and fairly dealt with.

It appears that this did not happen. Abel Godard achieved the rank of colonel in December 1862, and was discharged for disability in September of 1864, about the same time the other members of the 60th NY VI were mustering out at the expiration of their term of service (or veteranizing). It was a unit that saw hard action in the Eastern Theater, fighting at places such as Antietam, Gettysburg, Lookout Mountain, Resaca, Peachtree Creek, and many others. $10,000 - $15,000

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Lincolniana

245 Abraham Lincoln White House China, Salad Plate from First Service French, ca 1861. A Haviland, Limoges porcelain salad plate from the state service made for President Abraham Lincoln. The center printed and painted with a brown eagle clasping a laurel branch and a cluster of arrows in his talons. With royal purple rim edged with a border of gilt dots and “Alhambra” tracery, ht. 75 in., dia.

7.25 in.

The “Solferino” or “Royal Purple” service, as it became known, was ordered by the First Lady, Mary Todd Lincoln, from Messrs. E. V. Haughwout & Co. in May of 1861 during a shopping visit to New York City to purchase furnishings for the White House as well as a formal dinner service. “Solferino”, a rich puce color, had been made fashionable by the French in about 1859, and Mrs. Lincoln perpetuated the vogue by employing it liberally in the interior decoration of the executive mansion. The service was delivered to the White House on September 2, 1861, and numbered 658 pieces, including a dinner service of 190 pieces, a dessert service of 208 pieces, and a breakfast and tea service of 260 pieces. The total cost was $3,195.00.

Following President Andrew Johnson’s arrival at the White House, it was decided that replacements for this service must be purchased, and in January 1866, E.V. Haughwout received an order for 499 pieces, which were supplied at a cost of $2,061.25. It has been speculated that the decoration on these pieces may have been hand painted by Edward Lycett, the most renowned American china painter of his day.

Retaining its popularity, pieces for this service were reordered during the administrations of Presidents Ulysses S. Grant in 1873 and Chester A. Arthur in 1884. These pieces bear a red-printed Haviland & Co. and retailer’s mark. A number of souvenir plates were made for popular consumption at the time of the US Centennial celebration in 1876, distinguishable by their printed mark.

For a more comprehensive discussion of the “Solferino” service, see Margaret Brown Klathor, Official White House China, pp. 82-92, and Marian Klamkin, White House China, pp. 70-73.(Historical information courtesy of Sotheby’s.) $8,000 - $12,000

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Lincolniana 246 Abraham Lincoln Albumen Photograph by Anthony Berger Albumen portrait, 6 x 8 in., on 8 x 9.5 in. mount with imprinted title, President Lincoln, and credit to Brady & Co. The negative was indeed made in Brady’s Washington studio, February 9, 1864, but the photographer that day was Anthony Berger, and this is one of four portraits taken at the sitting (O-92). $1,500 - $3,000

247 Abraham Lincoln CDV by Alexander Gardner CDV of a seated Lincoln looking up from his reading, spectacles in hand, taken by Alexander Gardner in Washington, DC on Sunday, August 9, 1863 (O-72C), with verso imprint, Gardner, Photographer...

Published by Philp & Solomons, Washington, DC. $500 - $700

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248 Abraham Lincoln CDV by Warren, March 6, 1865, The Last Known Pose Before his Death Albumen vignette published by Henry F. Warren of Waltham, MA, with recto imprint noting the likeness was captured on the White House balcony on March 6, 1865, just two days after Lincoln’s second inaugural and less than six weeks before his assassination. Waltham made three negatives that day, one of which was lost, and they are believed to be the only photographs of Lincoln taken between his second inaugural and death. Carte’s verso with two cent revenue stamp with Waltham’s initials as cancellation. $300 - $500 BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

POLITICS IN AMERICA | Lincolniana | Assassination & Funeral 249 Lincoln Assassination, Extremely Rare, Early Edition of New York Tribune, April 15, 1865 New York Daily Tribune, April 15, 1865. 4pp, approx. 15.75 x 20.75 in.

The morning edition contained 8 pages, with only sketchy information. Pages 1, 4, 5, and 8 had heavy black mourning borders (copy in LOC). Page 8 had the heading in the first column “From North Carolina.” By the time the Tribune had to go to press, there weren’t any definitive answers. The paper carried a headline on page 4, the first report: “Highly Important! The President Shot! Secretary Seward Attacked.”

The editors related the telegrams as they received them. “Fifth dispatch: April 15 - 12:30 am. The President was shot in a theater tonight and is perhaps mortally wounded. The President is not expected to live through the night...Secretary Seward was also assassinated...”

This late edition was issued as an extra, and we were unable to find any other copies for comparison. There is the morning front page with the Tribune’s masthead, which appears to be the same. The back of that page contains page 4 from the morning edition. Both of these pages have heavy mourning borders in the gutters between columns.

Another page has “Extra. Death of the President. Secretary Seward’s Condition.” in the upper left corner and banner reading “Evening Edition of the Tribune.” Some of these entries are from the earlier edition. “From the Army of the Potomac” appeared on page 8 of the earlier edition, for example. This page has normal gutters with light lines.

The last page has some continuation from the original page 4 - the later dispatches 12 - 15. “From North Carolina” was originally on page 8. Upper left corner has: “Postscript. 4:30 o’clock A.M. Latest. The President just alive at 3 a.m. Secretary Seward Better. His Son and Servant not expected to Live. Popular Opinion as to the Murder. [O]fficial Account.”

This does not seem to appear in the morning edition, which gives this paper the “feel” of a souvenir edition, but we can find no record of the Tribune printing a souvenir (unlike copies of the Herald, for example, with many souvenir printings). It appears to be similar to the morning edition, leaving out all the financial articles, the steamboat

and railroad schedules, the ads, etc. The remaining articles, with assassination and battle content, were fitted on whatever page had room. But then, the assassination WAS the news of the day. This paper shows signs of being produced in haste as the situation changed (missing the “O” in Official, for example, or not putting mourning borders on the third page).

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $800 - $1,000

250 Lincoln Assassination Newspapers, Featuring Daily Morning Chronicle, April 15, 1865, Plus Lot of 2: Daily Morning Chronicle, Washington, DC, Saturday Morning, April 15, 1865. 2pp, 20.5 x 28 in. Front page, third column announces Murder of President Lincoln; sixth column boldly headed, Second Edition, Death of the President; seventh column headed, Third Edition, 12 O’Clock M., Inauguration of And’w Johnson as President of the United States!, with reports on Lincoln’s funeral and the assassin, John Wilkes Booth, who was still at large. Second page, first column, boldly headed, Assassination of the President. Attempted Murder of Sec’ry Seward and Sons, with $10,000 Reward printed near bottom of column for arrest of Lincoln’s murderer and Seward’s assassin.

The Philadelphia Inquirer, Philadelphia, April 17, 1865. 8pp, 13 x 20 in.

With reporting on the assassination, funeral, and search for Booth.

The issue, which features a front-page, wood engraving of Booth, discusses evidence of conspiracy.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $300 - $500

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251 Abraham Lincoln Funeral CDVs by Fassett Lot of 6 CDVs, 5 with S.M. Fassett, Chicago, IL imprint on recto and/or verso. The lot features 4 views documenting Abraham Lincoln’s funeral procession in Chicago and Springfield, IL, including: the procession passing through the funeral arch on 12th Street in Chicago; shot capturing blurred mass of mourners streaming out of the Court House in Chicago after viewing the president’s remains; the Lincoln funeral hearse, which had been lent for the occasion by the city of St. Louis, surrounded by bystanders in Springfield; and Lincoln’s Springfield home draped in mourning.

Accompanied by memorial portrait of Lincoln, published by Fassett, and carte de visite featuring a collage of 9 portraits of Lincoln, titled at center In Memory of Abraham Lincoln, with E. & H.T. Anthony imprint on verso. $1,000 - $1,500

252 Abraham Lincoln’s Horse, “Old Robin,” CDV by Ingmire Scarce carte de visite of Lincoln’s horse “Old Robin” (also known as “Old Bob”), with F.W. Ingmire’s Springfield, IL imprint on verso. Taken in front of Lincoln’s house, decorated with flags and mourning flowers, with two African American men visible in the background, leaning on the fence. The president’s horse stands between Reverend Brown (at left) and Reverend Trevan (at right). $800 - $1,200

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Lincolniana | Assassination & Funeral 253 Fabric Purportedly Cut from Dress Worn by Mary Todd Lincoln on the Night of Lincoln’s Assassination Lot of 5, comprised of 4 pieces of fabric adorned with stitched flowers, ranging in size from 2.25 x .75 in. to 4.75 x 1 in., accompanied by 5 x 2.75 in. note inscribed on one side, Pieces from the dress worn by Mrs. Lincoln the night President Lincoln was assassinated. Reverse side inscribed in different hand, These pieces were in a quilt presented to me by my Grandmother Milly and were given to her by the dressmaker who made the dress, very shortly after the terrible tradigy [sic], Ella H. Miller. The note was cut from larger sheet with letterhead, The Misses Miller/ 1835 Chelsea Road/ Columbus, Ohio.

The writer of the reverse inscription, Ellen Houston Miller, “Ella” or “Lollie” (1872-1957), was a daughter to James T. Miller and granddaughter to Almeda Miller, referred to as “Grandmother Milly” in the note.

The consignor discovered the fabric fragments in a box with two documents bearing the signature of Salmon P. Chase as governor of Ohio, who would go on to serve as Lincoln’s treasury secretary, as well as several of Henry Miller’s real estate deeds signed by Ohio governor William Dennison.

The pieces of fabric have been examined by Dr. James Cornelius, curator at the Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum in Springfield, IL. After comparing the Miller family’s fabric with the institution’s piece of black silk adorned with a similarly stitched flower cut from Mary Todd Lincoln’s dress, Dr. Cornelius found that the flowers were different. While he thought that the Miller family fabric could be part of the dress, perhaps a more ornate part such as the collar, he couldn’t say with all certainty that it was cut from Mary Todd Lincoln’s dress. However, the Miller family provenance adds strong support to the claim that the pieces were originally part of the dress worn on the night of Lincoln’s assassination. See also Lots 254-255.

Acquired from the Miller Family Estate, Upper Arlington, Ohio $700 - $1,000

Reverse Inscription

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Miller Family Archive The Prominent Miller Family of Upper Arlington, Ohio Jonathan Miller (1759-1849) was born a British citizen in Funkstown, PA. Early in his life, his family moved to Fayette County, PA and settled there for quite some time. His family were Dunkards, a small group of conservative Schwarzenau Brethren Baptists who strongly opposed the Revolutionary War. According to family lore, despite his family’s beliefs, Miller supposedly ran away from home at fifteen to become a drummer on the front lines. He helped liberate his country by serving in the Virginia Cavalry in 1778 where he fought with General Washington at Chestnut Hill. He served again as an Ensign under Captain Daniel Clapsaddle in the Flying Camp, Washington County, MD from 1780 until 1781. During that time he married his cousin, Mary Hickman. They had six children that survived to adulthood, many were very successful. After most of his children married and moved out of the house, he moved to Mt. Vernon, OH in search of new opportunities in 1814. He was an energetic, successful merchant and did well in the state. Within a year, he was appointed Assessor of Taxes in Knox County, OH and elected as the county’s commissioner. The next year, he was elected to the Ohio House of Representatives and founded the Owl Creek Bank. He died at Mt. Vernon, OH in the winter of 1849. A painting of Jonathan Miller from around 1813 is presented in lot 254.

Miller and his children’s success in business led to many important connections in Ohio. His grandson, Henry Miller (1819-1890), who built the Miller Farm, had several businesses. With his brother John, he bought the Ohio State Journal in 1858. He was a partner in Miller, Comstock & Smith, which manufactured and sold uniforms and boots to the government during the Civil War. He also owned real estate, toll roads, railroads, and more. Many items in lot 255 are associated with Henry Miller, his wife Almeda, and their family.

Thomas Miller (1829-1909), brother to Henry, is also represented in lot 255. He owned several farms, was Sheriff of Franklin County, Assessor of Internal Revenue, Columbus Postmaster, Trustee of the Blind Asylum, and owner of the Friend Street Railroad.

The Millers were related, by blood, to several families of distinction, including the Ewing family, which had strong political ties in Lancaster, OH. They were cousins to James G. Blaine, and numerous items in lot 255 are signed or associated with the senator and presidential candidate. The Millers were also cousins to General William T. Sherman’s wife, Ellen Ewing Sherman, who is also represented in lot 255.

Henry Miller’s son, James T. Miller (1846-1920), served as the first mayor of Upper Arlington, OH in 1918. James had eight children with his wife Esther, the first six being girls. They were all members of the DAR, and material related to the organization is offered in lot 255. Miller contributed significantly to the development of Upper Arlington. In 1913, he sold 840 acres of his farm, and the land would eventually turn into Upper Arlington. Miller hosted many famous guests at his impressive home including President Warren G. Harding and sharpshooter, Annie Oakley; both of whom became family friends. The family also had close relationships with Ohio politicians over a period of almost 100 years, including James Garfield and William McKinley and his wife. Items related to prominent political figures are available in lot 255, including documents signed by Salmon P. Chase as governor of Ohio, who would later serve as Lincoln’s Secretary of the Treasury. These documents were discovered with pieces of fabric purportedly cut from the dress worn by Mary Todd Lincoln on the night of Lincoln’s Assassination, offered as lot 253 in this auction.

254 Revolutionary War Veteran & Early Ohio Politician, Jonathan Miller, Oil Painting, Ca 1813 Oil on canvas, 24.5 x 30.25 in., artist unknown. Accompanied by sheet of paper identifying the subject as Grand Father of Henry Miller/ Jonathan Miller Buried in Mt. Vernon Cemetery.

Acquired from the Miller Family Estate, Upper Arlington, Ohio $300 - $500

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Miller Family Archive 255 The Prominent Miller Family of Upper Arlington, Ohio, 19th & 20th Century Archive, Featuring Photographs, Correspondence, & Documents Signed by Politicians Lot of approx. 375 items, featuring over 275 photographs of several generations of the Miller Family, plus related documents, manuscripts, books, and more.

The collection of family photographs is quite extensive, comprised of a wide array of images dating from the mid-19th century through the early 20th century. Highlights include: 2 quarter plate daguerreotypes believed to be of Thomas Miller and his wife and daughter; 2 chalk portraits of Thomas Miller and his wife, each approx. 14 x 17 in.; over 200 CDVs and cabinet cards of the family, most housed in their original albums, many credited to Columbus, OH photographers of the period, as well as some Civil War-related CDVs of noted generals and a memorial view of Lincoln; 10+ large format albumen photographs ranging in size from 6 x 8 in. to 16 x 20 in. (some housed in original frames), including portraits of the family and family gatherings, an outdoor shot of Henry and Almeda Miller’s home on Broad Street in Columbus, and at least 2 views of the Miller farm, one showing several farmers posed with their horse-drawn wagon and machinery; 10+ silver gelatin photographs showing the family and their property.

Numerous items associated with Henry Miller and his businesses are offered in the collection, and include photographs; land transfer deeds from the 1850s identified to Miller and Theodore Comstock, who bought a great deal of land from the government. Signatures of Columbus Mayor English and Governor William Dennison are on many of the documents; and a small Civil War-period receipt book with penciled entries relative to Miller’s business involving making uniforms for the Union army. The book also includes a receipt for a substitute soldier that Miller hired in 1862.

James G. Blaine artifacts include Volumes I and II of Blaine’s book, Twenty Years of Congress, each inscribed on FFEP by Blaine to Henry Miller and dated March 1886; a sympathy letter from Blaine at Lafayette Square, Washington to the Millers, regarding the death of their daughter, Mary Ellen; the calling cards of Blaine and his wife; an invitation to the wedding of his son Emmons Blaine to Cyrus McCormick’s daughter Anita; and a campaign ribbon from his failed bid for the presidency.

Other highlighted items from notable figures include: 2 appointments for positions at the Ohio Penitentiary signed by Salmon P Chase as governor of Ohio, dated 1856 and 1858; telegram from William McKinley, October 11, 1898; a telegram sent by Ellen Sherman, wife of W.T. Sherman, to Thomas Miller and his wife conveying how sorry she was for the loss of their daughter, Mary Ellen; sympathy letter from Thomas Ewing Jr. to the Millers on the death of their daughter in 1874; photograph of Senator Harding with two of famous six Miller sisters in 1916; 2 photographs, a tintype and large format albumen view, showing Ohio Governor Asa Bushnell posed with some of James T. Miller’s daughters; a small, 3 x 4 in. photograph of a female sharpshooter that may be Annie Oakley, although the identification cannot be confirmed; and so much more.

A fabulous archive related to an important family with incredibly strong ties to Central Ohio, worthy of additional research! $1,000 - $1,500

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

NOVEMBER 18, 2016 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | After Lincoln | Autographs & Manuscripts 256 Andrew Johnson, DS as President, 1867 Johnson, Andrew (1808-1875). President of the United States (18651869). Partially printed DS, 1p, 7.5 x 8 in. (sight), Washington. March 14, 1867. The document authorizes the Secretary of State, William H. Seward, to affix the Seal of the United States to a warrant for the remission of the remainder of the sentences of Henry Hillary & Geo. W. Allen, signed at bottom Andrew Johnson. Matted and framed together with modern portrait of Johnson, 25.5 x 21.5 in.

Andrew Johnson became President at the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. He ran afoul of Congress, and became the first President to be impeached, although acquitted by one vote. Johnson wanted the South “Reconstructed” as soon as possible, but when the states held their elections and returned many of their old leaders, and passed “Black Laws” depriving former slaves of civil liberties, Congressional Republicans refused to seat elected representatives from those states.

Congress tried to overrule Southern laws, Johnson vetoed their bill, Congress overrode the veto - and so went most of Johnson’s administration. $500 - $700

Detail

257 Andrew Johnson ANS as President, January 1868 Johnson, Andrew (1808-1875). President of the United States (1865-1869). ANS as President, 5 x 8 in. January 4, 1868. Docketed Let application be entered for special consideration. Andrew Johnson, January 4th.

1p (approx. 5 x 8 in.), Augusta [Maine], Dec. 25, 1867. Original letter to Andrew Johnson from James W. Bradbury (Senator from Maine).

Johnson read it and docketed on verso as above. Bradbury is recommending Daniel F. Baker of Bath for an appointment to the “Naval School.” $700 - $1,000

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | After Lincoln | Autographs & Manuscripts 258 Andrew Johnson Franked Envelope Johnson, Andrew (1808-1875). President of the United States (18651869). Envelope, 7 x 3.5 in., addressed in Johnson’s hand to Andrew J. Lord Esq./ Granite Bank/ Boston,/ Mass., and franked top right, Andrew Johnson. Accompanied by engraving of Johnson by H.W. Smith, NY, 5 x 7 in. (sight). Matted and framed together, 22.75 x 15 in. $500 - $800

259 Ulysses S. Grant DS as President, June 1870 Grant, Ulysses S. (1822-1885). President of the United States (18691877). Manuscript DS, 2pp, 10 x 14 in. (sight), with embossed seal affixed on second page (reverse side of document), Washington. June 9, 1870. A document in which the president grants John L. Stevens, Minister Resident of the United States to the Republic of Uruguay, the power and authority...to agree, treat, consult and negotiate...an Article providing for the extension of the time for exchanging the ratifications of the Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between the United States and the Oriental Republic of Uruguay, signed at Monte Video the 28th day of August, 1852, and to conclude and sign said Article...Signed

by Grant as President and Hamilton Fish (1808-1893) as Secretary of State (1869-1877). Matted and framed together with an engraving of Grant, 23 x 20.75 in. $800 - $1,000

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | After Lincoln | Autographs & Manuscripts 260 Ulysses S. Grant, DS as President, October 1875 Grant, Ulysses S. (1822-1885). President of the United States (18691877). Partially printed DS, 1p, 8 x 10 in., Washington. October 18, 1875. The document authorizes the Secretary of State, Hamilton Fish, to affix the Seal of the United States to a warrant for the pardon of Henry J. Bushnell, signed at bottom U.S. Grant. Matted and framed together with modern portrait of Grant, 25.5 x 21.5 in. $700 - $1,000

261 Ulysses S. Grant Free Frank as President Grant, Ulysses S. (1822-1885). President of the United States (18691877). Free frank, Executive Mansion envelope, 5.75 x 3.5 in., addressed in Grant’s hand to John Hoey Esq., Adams Ex. Co., New York City, and franked upper right, U.S. Grant. Grant has crossed out the word “Secretary” beneath his frank. With postmark that appears to read Washington DC Feb. 5. Matted and framed together with portrait of Grant, 12.5 x 15.5 in. $1,500 - $2,500

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262 Ulysses S. Grant Signed Engraving Grant, Ulysses S. (1822-1885). President of the United States (18691877). Engraving produced by US Bureau, Engraving, & Printing, 4.125 x 5.75 in., ink signed U.S. Grant. $500 - $700

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | After Lincoln | Autographs & Manuscripts 263 Rutherford B. Hayes ALS, February 1877 Hayes, Rutherford Birchard (1822-1893), Brevet Brigadier General, USA, Member House (1865-1867), Governor of Ohio (1876-1877) and President of the United States (1877-1881).

ALS, 1p, 7.75 x 10 in., Columbus, OH. February 19, 1877. Marked Confidential to John Sherman, Senator from Ohio. In this letter, Hayes offers Sherman the cabinet post of Treasury Secretary: It seems to me proper now to say that I am extremely desirous that you should take the Treasury Department. Aside from my own personal preferences, there are many and controlling reasons why I should ask you to do this. ... It will satisfy friends here in Ohio. ...You are by all odds the best fitted for it of any man in the Nation. Your resignation from the Senate will be a great loss to that body, but it will cause no serious dissensions or difficulty in Ohio. Do no say no until I have had a full conference with you.There is no reason why you should not visit Ohio as soon as you can be spared from W[ashington].... Signed R.B. Hayes.

After the election of 1876, neither Tilden nor Hayes had the requisite number of electors to be President. Three states remained disputed - Florida, Louisiana and South Carolina. There ensued a dispute over who had the constitutional right to decide, since the Senate was under Republican control and the House had a Democratic majority.

Grant put together a commission of 5 House, 5 Senate and 5 Supreme Court Justices. Seven each were to be Republican and Democrats, with the 15th position going to a neutral party. They asked Justice David Davis, since he fit the requirements, but he refused to serve, having just been elected to fill a Senate seat from Illinois. The next least political justice was Joseph Bradley who was selected instead.

When the Commission met in February, the Republicans decided to give all disputed votes to Hayes, outraging the Democrats. In return for accepting Hayes, the Commission offered to end Reconstruction, withdrawing federal troops and accepting elected (Democratic) governments in the “unredeemed� states. It satisfied the Democrats and Hayes became the 19th President.

John Sherman (1823-1900) was the brother of William Tecumseh Sherman. John represented Ohio in the Senate during the Civil War. After the war, he worked to stabilize the currency, backed with gold.

Later he would be appointed to the State Department by another Ohioan, William McKinley, but resigned because of the rigors of the job.

A rare find, since there are a limited number of Cabinet positions, and very few of these letters come to light. $600 - $800

264 James A. Garfield LS in which he Discusses W.T. Sherman, November 1872 Garfield, James (1831-1881). President of the United States (1881). Letter signed as member of the House of Representatives, 1.5pp, 7.75 x 9.75 in., Washington, DC. November 8, 1872. To Major General Irwin McDowell.

Garfield writes, in part...I called on the general as soon as I received your...dispatch and found that he had just received a note from the President saying that the trip to the West had been abandoned, or rather postponed, and that the President would attend the funeral. I had some conversation with General Sherman concerning the successorship and urged...the propriety and justice of your appointment. He feels right toward you every way.

I do not think he feels at all certain of his own position with the Administration, in view of the way in which the power has been taken out of his hands by the War Department...Sherman told me that there would be much pushing and struggling over the appointment and that he did not yet see how it was likely to come out. Howard wants to be retired and...wants the rank of Major General. Whether that consideration will have any weight I do not know... $500 - $700

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | After Lincoln | Autographs & Manuscripts 265 James A. Garfield ALS, February 1881 Garfield, James (1831-1881). President of the United States (1881).

ALS as president-elect, 1p, 4.75 x 7.25 in., on Mentor, OH stationery.

February 28, 1881. Addressed to Senator William Allison of Iowa, this letter was written just five days prior to Garfield’s March 4 inauguration. Garfield writes: I have gone over the ground thoroughly, and have reached a point where I must have your help. I want you to take the Interior Department - and earnestly hope you will do so. Please let me know soon after I reach Washington...J.A. Garfield.

The position was taken by Samuel J. Kirkwood, who served as Secretary of the Interior from 1881-1882. $600 - $800

266 Grover Cleveland ALS as President, January 1886 Cleveland, Grover (1837-1908). President of the United States (1885-1889, 1893-1897). ALS as president, 1.5pp, on Executive Mansion, Washington letterhead. January 12, 1886. Addressed to Senator D.W. Vorhees, the letter includes content regarding the construction of the Congressional Library.

Cleveland writes, in part...A gentleman very much interested in...the Congressional Library has submitted to me the enclosed plan of a building for that purpose. It seems to me that it is well worthy of attention when those important things are under consideration...Grover Cleveland. $500 - $700

267 Benjamin Harrison DS as President, December 1892 Harrison, Benjamin (1833-1901). President of the United States (1889-1893). Manuscript DS, 2pp, 10.25 x 14 in., with embossed seal affixed on second page (reverse side of document), Washington. December 17, 1892. A document in which Harrison grants Rowland B. Mahany, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States to Ecuador...the power and authority...to negotiate, conclude, and sign a Convention between the United States and Ecuador providing for the arbitration of the claim of Julio R. Santos against the Government of Ecuador...Signed by Harrison as President and John W. Foster (1836-1917) as Secretary of State (1892-1893). $500 - $700

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | After Lincoln | Autographs & Manuscripts 268 William McKinley Appointment Signed as President for Attorney General Philander C. Knox, 1901 McKinley, William (1843-1901). President of the United States (1897-1901). Partially printed DS, 1p, 19.5 x 14 in., with embossed seal affixed lower left, Washington. April 5, 1901. Appointment of Philander C. Knox as Attorney General...during the pleasure of the President of the United States for the time being, and until the end of the next session of the Senate of the United States and no longer. Signed

by McKinley as President and John Hay (1838-1905) as Secretary of State (1898-1905). Knox served as Attorney General from 1901-1904. $1,000 - $1,500

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269 Theodore Roosevelt TLS as President, November 1903, Plus Roosevelt, Theodore (1858-1919). President of the United States (1901-1909).

TLS, 2pp, 7.75 x 9 in. (sight), White House, Washington letterhead. November 4, 1903. A letter to Honorable Edgar R. Spencer, Supreme Court Chambers, Gloversville, NY, in which Roosevelt discusses the Littauer matter, and the Attorney General’s opinion on the case. New York Congressman Lucius Littauer (1859-1944) was a close political friend to Roosevelt, and he owned a firm that sold gloves to the War Department in violation of a federal law prohibiting members of Congress from making contracts with agencies of the federal government. Because of a technicality, the Roosevelt Justice Department decided not to prosecute Littauer in 1903.

Accompanied by a silver gelatin photograph of Roosevelt, 7 x 9 in. (sight), credited in the negative to Underwood & Underwood, NY. Matted and framed together, 29.25 x 14.75 in.

The lot also features 7 TLsS related to the Littauer matter, each 8 x 10.5 in., including: 3 TLsS from Lucius Littauer, on Littauer Brothers, Gloves letterhead, New York. Dated November 3, 12, and 14, 1903. Each addressed to Judge Edgar A. Spencer; 3 TLsS from Judge Edgar A. Spencer. Dated October 31 and November 10, 1903. Addressed to President Roosevelt; plus an unsigned copy letter to Littauer from Washington, DC. $500 - $700

270 Theodore Roosevelt Signed Photograph Roosevelt, Theodore (1858-1919). President of the United States (1901-1909). Sepia-toned silver gelatin photograph of Roosevelt, 3.75 x 5.75 in., on mount with Pach Bros., NY blindstamp lower right, 4.5 x 6.75 in. (sight). Taken ca August 15, 1913. Ink signed on mount below portrait, with the best wishes of/ Theodore Roosevelt. Matted and framed, 16 x 18 in. $1,000 - $1,500

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271 Theodore Roosevelt Stereoview Group, Including Very Rare Views by his Personal Doctor Lot of 19, including three amateur views with the recto stamp of Alexander Lambert, M.D., copyright 1907, showing scenes from a hunting trip with President Roosevelt, for whom he served as personal physician, one of which shows Roosevelt in camp, and ten more views that accompany these are are suspected to be shot by Lambert as one bears the stamp of the Roosevelt Memorial Assn. and is inked TR

hunt 1905 / gift of Dr. Alex Lambert. These views show patriotic crowds awaiting Roosevelt’s arrival, a bear in a tree, and other camp scenes.

Some of these images were published in Historic Photos of Theodore Roosevelt by Stacy A. Cordery (2007).

Plus an Underwood & Underwood view titled “Pot luck” with the “boys” - President Roosevelt’s cowboy breakfast at Hugo, Colorado, 1903; another U&U view, 7661-On the great bear hunt - President Roosevelt after leaving Newcastle for the mountains - Colorado, 1905; and four mechanicallyprinted Metropolitan Series views of Roosevelt’s 1905 inaugural parade. $600 - $800

POLITICS IN AMERICA | After Lincoln | Autographs & Manuscripts 272 William H. Taft Appointment Signed as President for Secretary of the Navy George v.L. Meyer, 1909 Taft, William H. (1857-1930). President of the United States (19091913). Partially printed DS, 1p, 20.5 x 17.75 in., with embossed seal affixed lower left, Washington. March 5, 1909. Appointment of George v. L. Meyer, of Massachusetts...Secretary of the Navy. Signed by Taft as President. George von Lengerke Meyer served as Secretary of the Navy from 1909 to 1913. $500 - $700

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | After Lincoln | Autographs & Manuscripts 273 Woodrow Wilson TLS as President, October 1918 Wilson, Woodrow (1856-1924). President of the United States (1913-1921). TLS, 2pp, Washington. October 26, 1918, on White House stationery. Addressed to Franklin Lane, Secretary of the Interior. Signed Woodrow Wilson.

Wilson applauds the “creation of the Field Division of the Council of National Defense, which by amalgamating the executive functions of the State Councils Section and the Woman’s Committee of the Council, has become the single connecting link between the council and the other federal departments and administrations on the one hand and the State Councils of Defense and States Divisions of the Woman’s Committee on the other.... Unquestionably this system should be utilized as far as possible. Will you not, therefore, communicate to the heads of such departs and administrations in Washington my wish that when they are considering extensions of their organizations into a State, or new work to be done in the states, they determine carefully whether they cannot make use of the Council of Defense system;... The organization of the country for war can attain its maximum effectiveness only if we all of us utilize to the utmost the resources we have in common.

Thomas Woodrow Wilson (1856-1924) was born in Virginia, and his family fully identified with the South during the Civil War, his father serving as a Confederate Army chaplain for a time. The family moved several times, to Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina.

Young Woodrow attended Davidson College (NC) for a year before transferring to Princeton. After graduation he attended a year of law school at the University of Virginia until ill health forced him to return home for a while to recover. He studied on his own and was admitted to the Georgia bar in 1882. After less than a year of law practice, he decided this was not what he wanted to do, so he left and entered Johns Hopkins to study history and political science (and German language). He earned a PhD, the only President to hold this degree.

Wilson bounced around in academia and wrote for a while, becoming president of Princeton University in 1902. He started hinting to Democratic leadership that he was interested in national office (and

not the Vice Presidency). He was elected Governor of New Jersey in 1910. In 1912, he was nominated on the Democratic ticket after campaigning for most of the year.

From the time Germany marched into the low countries and France in 1914, Wilson was determined to keep the US out of the war. “He kept us out of war” became his slogan in the 1916 election. Into his second term Wilson tried to establish a League of Nations to end the war, but could not even garner support even from Britain. When Germany backed out of its earlier pledges not to torpedo unarmed passenger ships and decided to resume unrestricted submarine warfare, it become clear that war was imminent. Since little had been done to prepare for war in Wilson’s first term, the nation had some organization to effect. This was clearly one small part of that larger effort. $800 - $1,200

274 Warren G. Harding TLS as President, 1923 Harding, Warren G. (1865-1923). President of the United States (1921-1923). TLS as President, 1p, 6.75 x 8.75 in., The White House, Washington letterhead. June 18, 1923. Addressed to Rachel Harding Russell. Accompanied by addressed envelope. Harding tells his distressed family member, I deplore very deeply the state of unhappiness which you relate therein. I would be more than glad if I could say a word which would relieve the situation in a manner satisfactory to all concerned. He declines her request to ameliorate the situation by speaking to the offender. It is impossible for me to make a personal and detailed inquiry...I am always ready to be helpful, but you are asking me something in your letter that I frankly doubt the propriety of my doing. $500 - $700

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | After Lincoln | Autographs & Manuscripts 275 Calvin Coolidge DS as President, June 1924 Coolidge, Calvin (1872-1933). President of the United States (19231929). Typed DS, 1p, 10.25 x 14 in., Washington. June 5, 1924. A document in which Coolidge grants William W. Russell, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States to the Dominican Republic...power and authority...to meet and confer with any person or persons duly authorized by the Government of the Dominican Republic...and conclude and sign a Convention as contained in the Agreement of Evacuation...published on September 23, 1922...Signed by Coolidge as President and Charles E. Hughes (1862-1948)) as Secretary of State (1921-1925). $500 - $700

276 Herbert Hoover ALS to Mining Partner W.J. Loring, August 1908 Hoover, Herbert (1874-1964). President of the United States (1929-1933). ALS, 4.5pp, 5 x 8 in., London. August 21, 1908. With Bewick, Moreing & Co. handstamp on first page, dated September 21, 1908. Addressed to W.J. Loring, an expert in metallurgy from California who later bought Hoover’s one third interest in Bewick, Moreing & Co. Marked Private, the letter contains fine, detailed content regarding a dispute in the mining business. Hoover writes, in part: I enclose herewith a series of documents which explain themselves as far as events have proceeded up to date...I have preserved my temper...I am not certain how much more I will stand...not interested in any one elses fate. It seems simply impossible for Moreing and Wellsted to get along...I tried to present myself as a buffer state...they seem to assume that for a gorgeous 300 punds per annum I am going to preserve peace...cannot allow myself to be threatened with law courts...nor held responsible for the growth of seeds of separation...my own personal matter is not my main concern...

Between 1895 and 1913, Hoover was a successful mining engineer, which took him to various locations throughout the world. He had a partnership with one of the top mine managers in Australia, C. Algernon Moreing. $500 - $700

277 Franklin D. Roosevelt ALS, 1926 Roosevelt, Franklin Delano (1882-1945). President of the United States (1933-1945). ALS, 2pp, 8.5 x 11 in., New York.

June 30, 1926, on Roosevelt & O’Connor Counselors at Law letterhead. Signed FDR. Addressed Basil (possibly his partner?).

Roosevelt followed his distant cousin Theodore into public service. He served in the New York Senate (elected 1910); was appointed Secretary of the Navy (like his cousin) (19131920); ran unsuccessfully on the Democratic ticket as James Cox’s Vice Presidential candidate in 1920; served as Governor of New York (1929-1933). Clearly he was active in the legal community between 1920 and 1929, when this letter was written. He ran for President in 1932 in the depths of the Great Depression. He became the only President to serve three terms and just less than three months of a fourth term, until his death in April 1945. $600 - $800 156

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | After Lincoln | Autographs & Manuscripts 278 Franklin D. Roosevelt Signed Photograph Roosevelt, Franklin D. (1882-1945). President of the United States (1933-1945). Signed silver gelatin photograph of Roosevelt as president, seated at his White House desk, ca 1934, credited to Harris & Ewing lower right in the negative, 6.25 x 7.25 in., autographed in lower margin, Franklin D. Roosevelt, 6.5 x 8.75 in. (sight). Matted and framed, 17.75 x 20 in. $500 - $700

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279 Harry Truman, Two Appointments Signed as President, 1946, Plus Truman, Harry (1884-1972). President of the United States (19451953). Lot of 3, including 2 partially printed DsS, each 1p, 22.75 x 19 in., with embossed seal affixed lower left, Washington. The first dated June 22, 1946. Appointment of John R. Steelman of Alabama as Director of War, Mobilization and Reconversion for a term of two years.

Signed by Truman as President and Dean Acheson (1893-1971) as Acting Secretary of State.

The second DS, dated July 26, 1946. Appointment of Steelman as Economic Stabilization Director. Signed by Truman as President and James F. Byrnes (1882-1972) as Secretary of State (1945-1947).

Accompanied by TLS signed by President Truman, 1p, 8 x 10.25 in., The White House, Washington letterhead. April 1, 1952. A letter addressed to Steelman, in which Truman designates him Acting Director of Defense Mobilization. $1,000 - $2,000

280 Dwight D. Eisenhower DS as President, 1954 Eisenhower, Dwight D. (1890-1969). President of the United States (1953-1961). Typed document signed, 1p, 8.25 x 11 in., The White House. October 4, 1954. Order signed by Eisenhower as President, which states, Pursuant to the provisions of the Communications Act of 1934, I hereby designate George C. McConnaughey as Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission, for a period of one year.

McConnaughey would go on to serve as FCC Chairman from 19541957. Matted and framed with 7 x 8.75 in. photograph of Eisenhower, 22 x 17 in. $500 - $700

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281 John F. Kennedy Inscribed LS Regarding Appointment of Robert McNamara as Secretary of Defense, 1961 Kennedy, John F. (1917-1963). TLS, 1p, 5.25 x 7.75 in., United States Senate/ Memorandum letterhead. Undated, but believed to be early 1961. To Carl Vinson, Milledgeville, GA, and addressed to Carl in Kennedy’s hand. Known as the “Father of the Two-Ocean Navy,” Vinson (1883-1981) was a Georgia Democrat who served over 50 years as a member of the US House of Representatives (1914-1965). A letter in which President-elect Kennedy notifies Vinson of his plans to appoint Robert McNamara Secretary of Defense, and states, I was anxious to have him talk to you on the phone. I suggested that he call you in the next few days to arrange a convenient time for you to get together. Ink inscribed and signed, Many many thanks - Jack.

Robert McNamara (1916-2009) served as US Secretary of Defense from 1961 to 1968 under Presidents Kennedy and Johnson, during which time he played a major role in escalating the country’s involvement in the Vietnam War. $1,000 - $1,500

282 John F. Kennedy Appointment Signed as President for Arthur J. Goldberg, March 1961 Kennedy, John F. (1917-1963). President of the United States (1961-1963).

Partially printed DS, 1p, 22.5 x 18.75 in. (sight), with embossed seal affixed lower left, Washington. March 15, 1961. Appointment of Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary of Labor, a Member of the Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations for a term of two years. Signed by Kennedy as President and Dean Rusk (1909-1994) as Secretary of State (1961-1969). Framed, 24.75 x 20.5 in.

Arthur J. Goldberg (1908-1990) served as the US Secretary of Labor (19611962), Associate Justice of the Supreme Court (1962-1965), and Ambassador to the United Nations (1965-1968). $1,000 - $1,500

283 John F. Kennedy, Signed and Inscribed Postcard of the First Family Kennedy, John F. (1917-1963). President of the United States (19611963). Color postcard featuring John F. Kennedy and the First Family, 5.5 x 3.5 in., signed and inscribed on reverse in ball point as president, For Phil-/ Best Wishes-/ John Kennedy. Matted and framed together with a reproduction of the front of the postcard as well as a modern portrait of Kennedy, 25.5 x 21.25 in. $1,500 - $2,500

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | After Lincoln | Autographs & Manuscripts 284 John F. Kennedy Signed Inscription Kennedy, John F. (1917-1963). President of the United States (19611963). Inscription on small piece of white paper, 3 x 2.75 in. (sight), signed, Best Regards/ John Kennedy. Attractively matted and framed together with five images of Kennedy, 32.5 x 20.75 in. $800 - $1,000

285 John F. Kennedy Strands of Hair Lot comprised of 4 strands of President John F. Kennedy’s hair, housed in modern frame under glass with a modern portrait of Kennedy and facsimile signature, 18 x 22 in. overall.

The strands of hair were once part of a group saved by Kennedy’s barber, Mr. Harry Gelbart and sold to John Reznikoff.

Accompanied by a photocopied letter of the transfer of the larger lock in 1995, as well as a Letter of Authenticity signed by Ryan T. Mack of Griffin Memorabilia. $400 - $600

286 Jacqueline Kennedy Signed Photograph, Plus Kennedy, Jacqueline (1929-1994). First lady of the United States (19611963). PS, 5.25 x 6.75 in. image on 8 x 10 in. photo paper. Signed in lower margin For Mr. Eugene Siler, with best wishes, Jacqueline Kennedy.

Siler was a member of the US House of Representatives from Kentucky (1955-1965). Included is a light card stock poster, 11 x 14 in., with For Congress, Gene Siler, Republican Primary, August 7, 1954. This was Siler’s first run for national office, although he had run unsuccessfully for the office of Governor. He served in the House from 1955 to 1964. He would certainly have encountered the Kennedys around Washington. $600 - $800

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | After Lincoln | Autographs & Manuscripts 287 Lyndon B. Johnson TLS as President, March 1965 Johnson, Lyndon B. (1908-1973). President of the United States (19651969). TLS as president, 1 p, 7 x 10.25 in., The White House Washington letterhead. March 11, 1965. Addressed to Air Force General Leon W. Johnson, Director of the Net Evaluation Subcommittee and Medal of Honor recipient. Accompanied by original envelope. President Johnson accepts General Johnson’s resignation from the position.

Johnson writes, in part: On the occasion of your second retirement from active duty, I join with many others in acknowledging your important contribution over the years to the security of the United States. When called back to the service of your country by President John F. Kennedy in 1961, you had already earned our highest military valor, the Congressional Medal of Honor. For the past three years you have served the President and the National Security Council as the leader of a group dealing with the foremost problems of national security...Your lifetime of service to your country during a critical period in history has been outstanding.

Four-star General Leon Johnson (1904-1997) was awarded the Medal of Honor as a result of commanding the 44th Bomber Group in World War II. Following the war, he served on the Joint Chiefs of Staff during the Kennedy administration. $500 - $700

288 Richard Nixon TLS as President, March 1971 Nixon, Richard (1913-1994). President of the United States (19691974). TLS, 2pp, 6.75 x 10.5 in., The White House Washington letterhead. March 10, 1971. Signed RN. Addressed to General Maxwell Taylor. This was a cover letter to accompany Nixon’s report on foreign policy for the previous year. In view of your strong and active interest in our country’s efforts to further the cause of peace and international understanding, I wanted you to have a copy of the report. (Report not included with this lot.)

Nixon goes on to almost apologize: While this document is long, over 60,000 words, I would strongly urge when you have a free evening that you read it carefully. Not only does it set forth in depth the Administration’s policies and the reasons for these policies; it also is an accurate reflection of my personal convictions with regard to our national security after almost twenty-five years in public life...

When Richard Milhous Nixon became President, the nation was embroiled in a war in Vietnam, and deeply divided over that involvement. Much of Nixon’s foreign policy was directed at ending the war and healing the domestic wounds. One element of this was improving relations with the Soviet Union, establishing relations with China, then playing off China and the Soviet Union against each other, and using these new relationships to pressure Vietnam. This address was given around this time Nixon was laying the groundwork for his trip to China, which occurred in February 1972.

Maxwell Taylor (1901-1987) had been Army Chief of Staff (1955- 1959); Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (1962- 1964); Ambassador to South Vietnam (1964-1965); and Chairman of the President’s Intelligence Advisory Board (1968- 1970).

Historians have not been kind to Taylor or his policies. However, one can see where he would certainly have been interested in Nixon’s policies. $600 - $800

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | After Lincoln | Autographs & Manuscripts 289 Gerald Ford TLS Regarding Vietnam War, February 1972 Ford, Gerald Rudolph, Jr. (1913-2006). President of the United States (1974-1977). TLS, 2pp, 8 x 10.5 in., Washington (DC). February 5, 1972, on Office of the Minority Leader, House of Representatives letterhead. Signed Jerry Ford. Addressed to Ed Hornburg, Grand Rapids, MI (Ford’s home state).

Ford served in the House of Representatives representing Michigan’s fifth district for nearly two and a half decades (19491973), the last eight as minority leader. He was appointed Vice President after Spiro Agnew’s resignation, and became President on Nixon’s resignation. He remains the only person to have held both offices without being elected to either. He is also the longest living President, passing away at the age of 93.

His patient letter to Mr. Hornburg addresses a number of that gentleman’s concerns. Certainly there is no intention on the part of the President to keep the war in Vietnam going simply to hold down the population of the United States or any other country. It may sound strange today, but this actually was suggested in the media of the day - war as population control. The second issue is a bit more obscure - it is not clear if Mr. Hornburg was a chiropractor or a satisfied patient. The House Committee on Ways and Means has instituted a study to determine whether chiropractors should be included among those for whose services payment may be made by medicare.

The next two issues are perpetual ones - care of needy Americans and increases in Social Security. Mr. Ford explains the bills that the House had passed, which were tied up in the Senate.

290 US Presidents Nixon, Ford, Carter, & Reagan, Signed Photograph Four US Presidents (1969-1989). Photograph, 8 x 10 in., signed by Presidents Ronald Reagan (1911-2004), Gerald R. Ford (1913-2006), Jimmy Carter (b. 1924), and Richard Nixon (1913-1994). A view of the four living US Presidents gathered at the White House in 1981, prior to departing for Egypt to attend the funeral of Anwar Sadat. Obtained by White House Staffer while Reagan was in office (when Don Regan was Chief of Staff ). $1,000 - $1,500

The last issue is Nixon’s visit to China, and Ford’s assurances that He (the President) is not going to be fooled by the communist leaders of China... He may not succeed in his trip to China but President Nixon is determined to do everything he can to promote peace and stability for our country now and in the future.

This letter is quite a statement about the state of the nation in 1972. $500 - $700

291 Ronald Reagan ALS, 1961 Reagan, Ronald Wilson (1911-2004), actor, President of Screen Actors Guild, Governor of California (1967-1975) and President of the United States (1981-1989). ALS, 1p, 8.25 x 11 in., Pacific Palisades, California, n.d. On letterhead with Ronald Regan, and pointer with A above the EG. Pencil notation from recipient Recd. July 31-1961. Addressed to Howard, and signed Ronnie. Letter regards returning a script, largely because his sponsors are gun shy (his pun) about him doing Westerns.

Reagan, of course, exemplifies the “anyone can grow up to be President” ethos of America. Son of a not-very-wealthy salesman in northern Illinois becomes movie star becomes politician becomes President. Throughout most of his life, Reagan was a Democrat and “union man.” But his views changed, and in 1962 he switched to the Republican Party. His election to the Presidency signaled a national shift to a more conservative program. $800 - $1,000

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | After Lincoln | Autographs & Manuscripts 292 Bill Clinton ALS, Ca 1970 Clinton, William “Bill” (1946-present). President of the United States (1993-2001). ALS, 2pp, 5.375 x 8.5 in., on Georgetown University stationery. November 7, ca 1970. Addressed to his Mammaw (Virginia Clinton Kelley). Signed Billy. A personal letter in which Clinton sends his mother birthday wishes and apologizes for being late. He tells her he is studying hard and maintaining good grades, except for English, in which he states, I’ve got a C, but so does everyone else in the class. $800 - $1,200

AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | European Royalty & Politicians

293 Charles II Document Signed, 1672 Charles II (1630-1685). King of England, Scotland, and Ireland (16601685). DS as King, signed Charles R, on vellum, 1p, 14 x 10 in., with seal affixed top left, Whitehall. March 30, 1672. Military appointment of Sir Edmund Andros as Major of our Barbados Regiment of Dragoons.

Two years after receiving this appointment, Andros (1637-1714) started a lengthy period of service in the American Colonies, serving as Governor of New York and New Jersey (1674-1681), Governor of the Dominion of New England (1686-1689), and Governor of Virginia (1692-1698). $800 - $1,200

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294 George IV Manuscript Document Signed, 1816 George IV (George Augustus Frederick; 1762-1830). Following the death of his father, George III, he served as King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of Hanover (1820-1830).

Served as Prince Regent during his father’s final mental illness from 1811 until his accession. Manuscript warrant signed by George IV as Prince Regent, 12pp, including 8 pages with text and 4 blank pages, 7.5 x 12.25 in., with seal affixed at left on front page. Counter-signed

by Lord Castlereagh. Given at the Palace of Carlton House. June 28, 1816. A warrant for affixing the Great Seal to the Acceptance of the Reigning Prince of Schwarzbourg-Roudolstadt’s Accession of the General Treaty signed in Congress at Vienna June 9th, 1815, as well as the Treaties, Conventions, Declarations, Regulations, and other Acts recited in the 118th Article of the said General Treaty. $600 - $800

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AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | European Royalty & Politicians 295 Winston Churchill & King George V, Document Signed, 1911 Churchill, Winston (1874-1965). Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1940-1945, 1951-1955). George V (1865-1936). King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India (19101936). Typed DS, signed by King George V, as George R.I., at the head, and countersigned by Winston Churchill, W.S. Churchill, at the end, 2pp, 13 x 8 in., impressed royal seal at left. March 2, 1911. A document signed by Churchill as Home Secretary (1910-1911) and George V during the first year of his reign, appointing William Henry Stuart an Estates Commissioner under the Irish Land Act of 1903, and an additional member of the Land Commission for the purposes of the said Act in the room of the said Michael Finucane deceased. $1,500 - $2,500

AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | International Leaders

296 Nikita Khrushchev DS, 1941 Khrushchev, Nikita (1894-1971). Soviet Union leader during part of the Cold War. 1p, [Moscow?], November 4, 1941 [in green ink near bottom of page], with rough translation. Signed by Khrushchev as member of the Military Soviet of South-West Front (lower right) and Timoshenko, as commander of the South-West Front (lower left).

The letter states that the bearer, Nikolay Pavlovich, is operating on authority of the Military Soviet of the South-West Front, and is there on a matter of using the railway station for rapid military transport.

They then request that anyone involved in military, railway, or party/ soviet organization should help him in any way possible.

Khrushchev worked his way up the Soviet hierarchy, even aiding Stalin in his repressive measures. After Stalin’s death in 1953, Khrushchev denounced Stalin’s purges, and began a more moderate era in Soviet domestic policies (de-Stalinization). In international affairs, however, he remained committed to Soviet power. He also decided to rely more on missiles than soldiers in the Soviet military, leading to the Cuban Missile Crisis. Khrushchev did support and encourage the Soviet space program, launching the first satellite, Sputnik. Eventually his behavior became more erratic and unpredictable, and his political rivals deposed him in 1964, putting Leonid Brezhnev in the position of First Secretary of the Central Committee and Alexi Kosygin as Premier. $400 - $600

297 Chaim Weizmann DS as President of Israel, 1950 Weizmann, Chaim (1874-1952). First President of Israel (19491952). TLS as President, 1p, 6.5 x 8.75 in., Tevet. December 14, 1950.

Addressed to Moshe Sharett, Foreign Minister. Written entirely in Hebrew. A translation of the document reads: Knowing the situation of the Diaspora of the surviving Jewish nation, to the best of my assessment, the only large source of potential Aliya—is the South American Jewry. The order of the day is to raise the youth movement that is desirous to fulfill an historical mission in life of the Hebrew Nation without questions or conditions. Let them come, toil and raise the redemption of the Nation and the State of Israel. $600 - $800

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AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | International Leaders

298 David Ben-Gurion TLS Requesting the Resignation of Israeli Foreign Minister Sharett, June 1956 Ben-Gurion, David (1886-1973). Founder of the State of Israel and its first Prime Minister (1948–53, 1955–63). TLS while Prime Minister, 1p, 6 x 8 in., Jerusalem. June 10, 1956. Addressed to Shaul Avigur, founder of the Israeli Intelligence Community. Written entirely in Hebrew. A transcription reads: In the recent days, after the state’s security situation has become exceptionally serious and foreign policy dangers have multiplied beyond previous levels, and considering the lack of agreement between myself and between Comrade Sharett on matters of great importance to the State—I have come to the necessary conclusion—for the good of the State—that there must be an agreement, to the extent humanely possible, between the Foreign Ministry and the Defense Ministry. Sharett must resign because it is essential for there to be different leadership in the Foreign Ministry.

The founding of Israel further strained relations with Palestinians.

After some particularly intense attacks against Israel in the fall of 1956, Prime Minister Ben-Gurion decided that Golda Meir, a more moderate politician, would be better suited for Foreign Minister than Moshe Sharett. Eight days after this letter was written, Meir replaced Sharett after the cabinet voted 35 to 7 in favor of Sharett’s resignation. $500 - $700

299 David Ben-Gurion ALS, July 1956 Ben-Gurion, David (1886-1973). Founder of the State of Israel and its first Prime Minister (1948–53, 1955–63). ALS while Prime Minister, 2.5pp, 4.5 x 8.25 in., Mount Carmel. July 28, 1956. Addressed to Moshe Sharett, second Prime Minister of Israel and Foreign Minister. Written entirely in Hebrew, accompanied by typed transcription. Ben-Gurion responds to a scathing letter written by Sharett a few weeks after BenGurion’s cabinet voted that Sharett resign from his position as Foreign Minister. After addressing a series of personal attacks, a portion of the letter reads, I gradually reached the conclusion that your service as Foreign Minister is not to the benefit of the State...the welfare of the State demands a different directorship in the Foreign Office. I am sure that you will not agree with me, and I will not try in any way to convince you. One thing I can promise you wholeheartedly: I did not do what I did out of “deterioration of relationships.” $1,000 - $1,500

300 Gamal Abdel Nasser TLS, 1953, Plus Signed Postcard and Stamps Nasser, Gamal Abdel (1918-1970). Second President of Egypt (19561970). TLS as General Secretary, 1p, 8.25 x 10.5 in., Liberation Rally, Republic Square, Cairo. August 24, 1953. Addressed to Neel Goldblatt, owner of Goldblatt Brothers Department Stores. Nasser humbly thanks Goldblatt for requesting his signature on partial sheet of four postage stamps, also included with the lot. I never think of myself as a great person in this world, writes Nasser.

Accompanied by a signed postcard of Nasser in uniform and partial sheet of four commemorative gold stamps.

Nasser was a controversial leader of Egypt who assumed power over a series of high-ranking offices and led a bloodless military coups that ousted the Egyptian monarchy. He created the short-lived United Arab Republic (1958–61) and fought two wars against Israel. $500 - $700 1 of 4

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AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | Authors & Artists

301 Victor Hugo ALS, January 1850 Hugo, Victor (1802-1885). French poet and novelist, best known for Les Misérables and Notre-Dame de Paris (The Hunchback of Notre Dame).

ALS in French, 1p, 5.125 x 7.75 in. January 28, 1850 (?).

Hugo is considered to be the most important of the French Romantic writers and is regarded in France as one of the country’s greatest poets. His writings often reflected events in his life. While exiled in Brussels after a coup in France, his pieces included biting sarcasm and fierce social criticism. After the death of both his sons, his work became darker and primarily focused on death, Satan, and God. He died after struggling with cerebral congestion for some time. He was given a hero’s burial. His body rested beneath the Arc de Triomphe before being interred at the Panthéon. $600 - $800

302 Claude Monet ALS, 1899 Monet, Oscar-Claude (1840-1926). Founder of French Impressionist painting. ALS, 1p, 5.25 x 8.25 in., Giverny. July 11, 1899. Addressed to friend and art dealer Mr. Geoffrey. Framed with a brass plaque detailing Monet’s artistic achievements and portrait of the artist, 22.75 x 37.75 in. overall. $1,000 - $2,000

AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | Scientists & Inventors 303 Thomas Edison ANS to his Wife Edison, Thomas (1847-1931). Inventor of the light bulb and phonograph, among many other marvels. Founder of General Electric.

ANS, 1p, 7 x 4.5 in. (sight). To his wife Mina. He affectionately addresses the note to Bully and writes, I would give $50000 to hug you one hour.

Framed together with 3.5 x 5 in. (sight) silver gelatin photograph of the inventor, 13 x 16 in. overall.

Edison’s second wife, Mina, hailed from the same home state of Ohio.

Her father was a self-made millionaire and farm equipment inventor.

Therefore, she understood inventors and entrepreneurs’ eccentricities.

She tolerated much of Edison’s erratic, difficult behavior as well as his long absences. She was 20 years younger than her husband and only eight years older than his eldest child, which made relationships with his children from his first marriage especially difficult. Her children, on the other hand, did go on to have successful lives and careers. Edison would often leave notes inside of books to his children and to Mina.

In one of her gardening books, he wrote to her, “Mina Miller Edison is the sweetest little woman who ever bestowed love on a miserable homely good for nothing male” ( https://www.nps.gov/edis/learn/ historyculture/mina-miller-edison.htm).

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $600 - $800 SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | Scientists & Inventors

304 James Watson and Francis Crick Signed Photograph Watson, James (1928-present) and Francis Crick (1916-2004).

Biophysicists responsible for discovering the double-helix structure of the DNA strand. Signed modern copy print of Watson and Crick analyzing a model of their discovery, 11 x 8.5 in. $800 - $1,200

305 Apollo 11 Astronauts, Photograph Signed by Armstrong, Collins, and Aldrin Armstrong, Neil (1930-2012), Michael Collins (b. 1930), and Buzz Aldrin (b. 1930). Crew of Apollo 11, the first lunar landing mission (1969). 10 x 8 in. photograph of the crew, signed by each in black marker on their respective images. $2,000 - $3,000

BOOKS & BROADSIDES

306 The Specimen Book of Fruits, Flowers and Ornamental Trees For the Use of Nurserymen Small octavo, soft leather covers, front with gilt lettering, McCabe Bros., North Bangor, Maine, and pencil identified on title page to R.F. McCabe.

Titled, in full, The Specimen Book of Fruits, Flowers and Ornamental Trees.

Carefully Drawn and Colored from Nature for the Use of Nurserymen.

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Contains 89 beautifully preserved hand-colored lithographs of a variety of fruit, flowers, and trees, produced by M. Brunswick & Co., Rochester, NY, 5.5 x 8.5 in. Date of publication unknown.

Traveling salesmen utilized specimen books such as this to sell seeds to potential buyers. The colorful images were used to entice nurserymen to build beautiful gardens. $700 - $1,000

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BOOKS & BROADSIDES 307 Illustrated Broadside for the Stud Comet, Michigan, 1846 Printed broadside, 11.5 x 16.25 in., with bold heading COMET, above a detailed woodcut illustration of a horse and trainer. Terms are $3 per service or $5 to insure a foal the following season, with Comet being available to mares in Pittsfield, Saline, Ypsilanti, and Ann Arbor, MI, each week. Broadside dated at Pittsfield, May 1, 1846, signed in print

by D. Wilsey. $500 - $700

TRANSPORTATION | Antarctic Expeditions

308 USS Yantic Assistant Engineer George Henry Babbitt, Scrapbook Including Original Sketches Scrapbook and partial log, 8.75 x 11.5 in., documenting Assistant Engineer George Henry Babbitt’s voyage to Greenland aboard the USS Yantic in 1883, including 8 original sketches that Babbitt accomplished while on his journey, illustrating sights that he encountered, such as their first iceberg, views of Godhaven Harbor, Kudtlissat Coal Cliffs/ Banks, as well as 2 hand-colored maps he almost certainly produced showing routes of the Yantic to South America, Central America, North America, and Greenland, one titled Cruise of the USS Yantic Oct 2nd 1880 – Sept. 28th 1883; 20 extracts from Babbitt’s log of the voyage; 18pp of extensive newspaper articles from the 1883 Herald and Saint John’s, Newfoundland Evening Mercury, detailing the fate of the Greely Expedition, the sinking of the Proteus relief ship, the voyage of the Yantic and subsequent investigations into commanders’ and captains’ decisions; 2 hand-colored maps sketched by Babbit, each 7.5 x 10.5 in., signed by Babbitt, from Columbus, OH, dated December 1865, including renderings of New England States and the Middle States.

The USS Yantic was a wooden gunboat built in 1864 that sailed into many historic missions. She pursued the Confederate privateer Tallahassee and was part of the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron near Wilmington, NC. The Yantic participated in the attempt to take Fort Fisher, NC and the capture of Fort Anderson, NC. Her blockading duties were part of the successful Union interdiction operations in 1864 and 1865. In 1874, the Yantic put ashore a landing force at Shanghai, China to quell a local riot.

The Greely Exploration Expedition to Northern Greenland was initiated in 1881. When the first relief effort was stymied by ice in 1882, a second relief mission was assembled for the very short Arctic summer of 1883, and the steamer Proteus was the primary vessel designated to deliver supplies to the Greely party. The Yantic served as tender for the Proteus, which was crushed in the ice of Smith’s Sound and sunk in July 1883. Subsequently, the Yantic carried the men of the second relief party, led by Lieutenant Garlington, and also the officers and men of the Proteus back to New York in late September

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TRANSPORTATION | Antarctic Expeditions

1883. Unfortunately, neither ship found any trace of the ill-fated Greely Expedition.

Many of the hardships and much of the misery faced by these Arctic explorers in 1883 were repeated once again 31 years later in the Antarctic voyages of Sir Ernest Shackleton at the opposite end of the earth. A long open boat voyage of over 1000 miles by US Navy Lieutenant J. C. Colwell across Melville Bay led to the rescue of the crew of the Proteus. The open boat voyage of Shackleton through the roughest ocean on earth is legendary. The Commander of the Yantic was Frank Wildes who later rose to the rank of admiral. Shackleton’s second in command was Frank Wild. The open boat voyagers lived with the constant stress that should they capsize in polar seas instant death was almost 100% certain.

In addition to daily entries describing conditions on the ship, the weather, and how many icebergs were encountered...We have had icebergs in sight every day: am almost getting tired of them...Babbitt provides a detailed account of going ashore on one occasion with a number of the men and bringing along cheap jewelry, silk handkerchiefs, and knives. He states...the natives were very much excited

over our display and wanted to trade everything they possessed for them... they ransacked our pockets, saying “Eskimo no steal,” but they were very curious and bold for new acquaintances. He adds, The Govt. trading ships had visited this port & obtained all the skins, ivory, oil and other articles collected during the previous year so that the coveted polar bear skins, walrus tusks and narwhal horns which we had promised sweethearts & wives were not obtainable. Babbitt goes on to describe the costumes of the female and male Eskimos, including a sketch of the women’s clothing, as well as their language, their strong interest in music, and their school and local government. In a later entry, he says that the Eskimos live what seems to us pitiful lives, especially in winter when they are huddled together in their huts, sometimes as many as 12 in one small room 10 feet square. In one of the final entries, dated September 14, Babbitt notes that they found the rest of the Proteus party, and criticizes Lieutenant Garlington’s careless retreat without leaving proper records behind him, which was a fatal error.

Babbitt’s scrapbook provides a concise first person account of the Yantic’s 1883 voyage in support of early Arctic scientific exploration. $500 - $800

TRANSPORTATION | Railroad 309 Rhode Island Locomotive Works Presentation Walking Stick with 18K Gold Knob Black wood shaft, 34 in. ln., 1.25 in. metal ferrule, 18K (marked) gold knob. Engraved knob reads: Presented to BENJ. LEWIS By his Friends of the R.I. Loco Works Feb 12th 1883. Rhode Island Locomotive Works was in business in Providence, RI from 1865 until its merger with seven other locomotive companies in 1901 to form American Locomotive Works. $800 - $1,200

Detail

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MAPS | Mississippi River Commission 310 MRC Map of Mississippi River, Sheet No. 133, Minnesota 15 x 26 in., on heavy, slightly varnished paper. Map of the Mississippi River from Red Wing, MN and Island 24 to Deer Island. Published by the Mississippi River Commission. 1903. Drawn by C.W. Clark.

Printed by Julius Bien & Co., NY. With plats of Lake City and Red Wing indicated. Names of owners of large land plots all along the shore, as well as railroad lines. This map was never folded for insertion into a bound volume as many that appear on the market have been.

The Mississippi River Commission (MRC) was established by an act of Congress in 1879 charged with improving the river, fostering navigation, promoting commerce and preventing destruction by flood waters - an ambitious agenda. The commission produced maps of the entire length of the river, updating them as needed. The Commission was to be composed of three officers from the Corps of Engineers, one from the Coast and Geodetic Survey (now NOAA) and three civilians to be nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate, thus bringing together military and civilian interests as well as the various jurisdictions along the route of the “Father of Waters.�

(See mvd.usace.army.mil/About Mississippi-River-Commission-MRC/ History, accessed 29 Sept. 2016) A very scarce map, especially in this state (unfolded) and condition. $400 - $600

311 MRC Map of Mississippi River, Sheet No. 134 15 x 26 in., on heavy, slightly varnished paper. Map of the Upper Mississippi River in MN and WI, from just below the mouth of the Cannon River to above Mr. Tobias, with Diamond Bluff near the center.

Much of this territory is the Minnesota Sioux Reservation. The left part of the map is Minnesota, the right part is Wisconsin. Published by the Mississippi River Commission. 1903. Drawn by C.W. Clark. Printed by Julius Bien & Co., NY. Names of owners of large land plots all along the shore. Railroad lines on both sides of the river marked. This map was never folded for insertion into a bound volume as many that appear on the market have been.

A very scarce map, especially in this state (unfolded) and condition. $400 - $600

312 MRC Map of Mississippi River, Sheet No. 135 15 x 26 in., on heavy, slightly varnished paper. Map of the Mississippi River from St. Paul Park in the north to below Lake St, Croix in the south; the town of Hastings is about 2/3 of the way along its course.

Most of the extent of the river is in Minnesota, but the portion below Lake St. Croix, in the lower right corner of the map, is in Wisconsin.

Published by the Mississippi River Commission. 1903. Drawn by C.W. Clark. Printed by Julius Bien & Co., NY. With plats of St. Paul Park and Hastings indicated. Names of owners of large land plots all along the shore, as well as railroad lines on both sides of the river also noted. This map was never folded for insertion into a bound volume as many that appear on the market have been.

A very scarce map, especially in this state (unfolded) and condition. $400 - $600

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MAPS | Europe 313 Map of Plan de l’Affaire de Soest van der Schley, Jacob (Dutch 1715-1779).

Plan de l’Affaire de Soest, contenant les Mouvements que l’Armee fit depuis le 17 jusqu’au 25 d’Octobre. Published at The Hague by Pierre Gosse, Jr. & Daniel Pinet, 1766. Plate 21 x 42.5 in (26 x 53 overall [double sheet]); troop formations in color. Key to troop positions upper right. Map depicts troop formations from 17 to 25 of October [1758] near the town of Soest (North RhineWestphalia). $300 - $500

314 Plan of the Battle of Minden, Map withTwo Flaps Showing Positions of the Armies van der Schley, Jacob (Dutch, 1715-1779). A: Son Altesse Serenissime / Monseigneur / Le Prince Ferdinand, / Duc de Brunswic & Lunebourg, / Ce Plan de lat Bataille / de Tonhausen pres de Minden, Gagnee le l.er Aout 1759, / Par l’Armee Combinee de Sa Majeste Britannique / sous les Orderes de Son Altesse Ser.me / Sur l’Armee Francoise / Commandee par M.r le Marechal / de Contades, / est tres respectutusement present / Par Son tres humble et / tres Obeissant Serviteur / Guil.me Roy Cap.ne au / Service de Sa M. Brit. que. Published at The Hague by P. de Hondt, MDCCLX (1760). 24 x 27 in. plate (26 x 32 in. overall); hand-colored troop positions; two flaps, 9 in. and 8 in. max. width showing the second position of the French and Allied armies and the third position of the allied army and fourth and fifth positions of the allied cavalry. This map is thought by some to have first been published by Thomas Major in London.

After the French invaded Hanover in 1757 during the Seven Years’ War, and imposed an unpopular peace treaty on the allies of Britain, Hanover and Prussia, under pressure from the latter heads, King George II renounced the treaty and launched a counter-offensive against the French. In July 1759, the French captured the fortress at Minden. Although greatly outnumbered, the allied armies consisting primarily of six British and two Hanoverian regiments under the overall command of Prince Ferdinand, lured the French from the fortress, and rapidly attacked to gain an early advantage. The French sent waves of

cavalry, but the allies held their line (an unusual formation in itself ). It was also highly unusual for infantry to stand against cavalry attacks. The French “flinched,” and, after losing about 7,000 men, retreated toward Kassel. The British regiments to this day still celebrate this victory. $300 - $500

315 Plan of the Siege of Minden van der Schley, Jacob (Dutch 1715 - 1779). Plan du Siege de Minden. Published at The Hague by Pierre Gosse, Jr. & Daniel Pinet, 1766. Plate 22 x 28.75 in. (26 x 38.5 overall); troop movements in color. $200 - $400

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MAPS | Europe 316 Plan of the Battle of Vellinghausen van der Schley, Jacob (Dutch, 1715-1779). Plan de la Bataille de Vellinghausen Gagnie le 16 Juillet 1761. par l’Armee de la Majeste Brittannique, Sous les Ordres de S.A. Ser.me Mon Seigneur le Prince Ferdinand Duc de Brunswick et de Lunebourg, Sur celles de la France, Commandees par Messieurs les Marechaux Prince de Soubise et Duc de Broglie. Published at The Hague by Pierre Gosse, Jr. & Daniel Pinet, 1762 (MDCCLXII). Plate 25 x 24.25 in. (25.75 s 25.75 overall); large flap approx. 5.25 x 17.25 in.

This encounter pitted approximately 65,000 Allies (British, Hanoverians, Prussians, Brunswickers, Hessians) against nearly half again as many French (92,000) on the banks of the Lippe River.

Throughout the Seven Years’ War, France threatened the North West German region, including Hanover. The armies of Prince Soubise and the Duc de Broglie united with the aim of driving Ferdinand back across the Lippe River. The French intended to begin on 16 July, but in the process of moving troops the evening before, surprised the allies, and skirmishing began. At nightfall, the fighting paused, and the commanders moved troops around overnight, beginning again at first light the next day. The battle ended by midday, the French having lost and in retreat, although some think that Ferdinand did not realize his victory until several days later. $150 - $250

317 Plan of the Battle of Wilhelmsthal van der Schley, Jacob (Dutch 1715-1779). Plan de la Bataille de Wilhelmsthal donnee le 24 Juin 1762. entre l’Armee de la Majeste Brittannique Commandee par S.A. Ser.me Mon Seigneur le Prince Ferdinand Duc de Brunswic et de Lunebourg et l’Armee de France aux Ordres de Messieurs les Marechaux Comte de Entrees et Prince de Soubise. Published at The Hague by Pierre Gosse, Jr. & Daniel Pinet, 1763 (MDCCLXIII). Plate 33.5 x 34.5 in (34.25 x 36 in. overall); troop positions in color. Fields, woods, hedgerows depicted by symbols.

Once again France threatened Hanover, but Brunswick’s army forced them to retreat. This was the last major action before the Peace of Paris. $150 - $250

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MAPS | Europe 318 Map of the Siege of Cassel van der Schley, Jacob (1715-1779). Plan du Siege de Cassel avec les Travaux et les Tranchees des Alles devant cette Place, Commande par S.A.S Monseigneur le Prince Frederic Auguste Duc de Brunswic et la Lunebourg, Lieutenant General Chef Commandant des Trouppes de Brunswic, depuis le 18.d’Aoutt jusqu’au 1 Novembre 1762, ou la Place se rendit S.A. fit ouvrir la Tranchee la nuit du 16 au 17 d’Octobre. Published at The Hague by Pierre Gosse Jr. & Daniel Pinet, 1763 (MDCCLXIII). Plate 23.75 x 33. 75 in.

(26.5 x 39 in overall); troop positions in color. Cartouche with cannons, flags, drums and other military symbols. Map depicts topography, woods, and structures (palace) as well as troop positions.

The Siege of Cassel occurred at the end of the Seven Year’s War when the allied armies captured the French-held Cassel. Peace negotiations were already underway, so the impact of the capture was minimal. $300 - $500

319 Map of the Attack of the Austrians on Neckarau and Mannheim Hauptmann Rosenberg. Angriff der Oesterreicher auf Neckerau und Mannheim am 18ten September 1799. Published by Franz Reisser. Plate 18.5 x 23.25 in. (22.75 x 32.75 in. overall); troop formations in color. Detailed battle description down right side.

In 1792 France declared war on Austria, and began fights with all nations sharing borders with her - and or water. Napoleon Bonaparte pushed back Austrian forces in the spring of 1797. The following summer, he went to Egypt, and while he was absent, violence erupted again. The War of the Second Coalition (1798-1801) was the second attempt by the European monarchies, led by Britain, Austria and Russia, to contain the spread of the French Revolution. When peace came with the Treaty of Amiens, it marked the beginning of the longest period without war in Europe in the nearly two and a half decades around the turn of the 19th century - all of 14 months. Then Napoleon was crowned Emperor in 1804 and the Napoleonic Wars began. $300 - $500

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BOOKS

320 The Martyr’s Mirror, Early Ephrata Cloister Printing, 1748-1749 Braght, Thielman Jans Van. (Tieleman Jansz van Braght). Der Blutige Schau-Platz oder Martyrer Spiegel der Tauffs Besinten oder Wehrlosen Christen, Die um des Zeugnutz Jesu ihres Seligmachers willen gelitten haben, und seynd getodtet worden, von Christi Zeit an bis auf das Yahr 1660. (The Bloody Theater or Martyrs Mirror of the Defenseless Christians, who, baptized only upon Confession of Faith, and, who suffered and died for the Testimony of Jesus, their Savior, from the time of Christ to the Year [AD] 1660.) Ephrata (Pennsylvania), Printing and publishing house of the Brotherhood, 1748-1749. Folio (8.5 x 14 in.), leather over inwardly beveled boards, brass corner guards (one missing), leather strap reinforcing top of spine (if there was one on lower spine, now missing), brass clasps on front board, remnants of cloth straps attached to rear board; two title pages (as called for): 56, 478, [iv] (unnumb. first index), [xiv], 950, [x] (unnumb. second index) (1512pp), frontis illustration of John baptising Jesus in the River Jordan, with other images of martyrs being crucified upside down, boiled alive, beheaded, stoned, imprisoned, etc. Moses stands in the lower left corner holding the tablets of commandments. A dove descends from heaven and mythological creatures are scattered about.

In 1732, Johann Conrad Beissel arrived at Cocalico Creek in (what is now) Lancaster County, PA, having split from the Schwarzenau Brethren in Germany. Beissel and his followers established a semimonastic community (The Camp of the Solitary), a convent (Sister House) and monastery (Brother House) that they called Ephrata.

Members were celibate, fundamentalist and held that the seventh day was the Sabbath. There was also a surrounding community of

married followers and their families. These communities emphasized hard work, and in addition to subsistence activities (farming, making clothing, etc.), they also established milling, carpentry, papermaking, and printing businesses. They became famous for writing and publishing hymns.

Ephrata emphasized education, and one of the charity works of the brotherhood was education of the children. One of its members, Peter Miller, who became the second prior of the monastery, translated the Declaration of Independence into seven languages at the request of Congress.

In 1745, Jacob Gottschalk of the Mennonite community in Montgomery County (“next door” to Lancaster County), arranged with Ephrata Cloister to translate the Martyrs Mirror, which had been brought from Europe, from Dutch into German. Miller did the primary translation. Fifteen solitary brothers were detailed to the production of the work, which took three years. Four were compositors, four were pressmen; most of the rest worked in the paper mill. It became the largest book printed in America before 1800 on the second German press in the colonies. In most copies, the two volumes, for which two title pages were printed, were bound together (as this copy was).

Many of the original 1300 copies were purchased by the Montgomery County Mennonites, although the frontis of Jesus’ baptism was left out of their copies because the Mennonites objected to the picture.

A monumental edition, The Martyrs Mirror was later translated into English. It is still beloved in Amish and Mennonite communities. Most homes have a copy in one language or another, from one of many printings. It is still in print and often given as a wedding gift for new Mennonite couples. $2,000 - $3,000

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321 Pennsylvania Chronicle, Philadelphia, February 1769, Featuring the Journal of Occurrences The Pennsylvania Chronicle and Universal Advertiser, Philadelphia, February 20, 1769. 6pp, 9.25 x 11.5 in. Featuring an inside printing (almost a full page of text) of the “Journal of Occurrences,” also known as the “Circular Letters” or the “Journal of the Times.” These were a series of essays published from 1768 to 1769, written anonymously, but usually attributed to Samuel Adams who was then the clerk of the Massachusetts House of Representatives. The essays were sent to the British American Colonies at the time when the British Army was occupying Boston to enforce the Townshend Duties.

The report included in this issue discusses British troops quartered in Boston that were purportedly involved in a number of robberies as well as a trial of libel against John Hancock and others. The Pennsylvania Chronicle was a primary means in voicing the anti-British sentiment that was quickly spreading throughout the colonies, and it gained much notoriety when the founder, William Goddard, printed an article expressing support for the Boston Tea Party.

The British became concerned with the newspaper because of its general revolutionary message and it was soon heavily taxed by the Crown Post for its delivery. Later, the Crown Post refused to deliver the newspaper, which subsequently drove the publication out of business in 1773. $400 - $600

322 Town and Country Magazine, London, Four Monthly Issues, 1773 The Town and Country Magazine; or, Universal Repository of Knowledge, Instruction, and Entertainment, London, England, April, May, June, and December, 1773. 5.25 x 8.25 in. Although similar in layout to Gentleman’s Magazine, Town & Country is a much scarcer news magazine title. Each issue contains lengthy, detailed content regarding the debates on and the passage of the Tea Act, as well as the Colonial American reaction to it that brought on the Boston Tea Party on December 16, 1773. An important lot of 4 magazines referencing the Tea Act that were printed in London, where it was debated and passed into law.

Passed by Parliament on May 10, 1773, the Tea Act was one of several measures imposed on the American colonists by the heavily indebted British government in the decade leading up to the American Revolutionary War (1775-83). The act’s main purpose was not to raise revenue from the colonies but to bail out the financially troubled British East India Company, a major actor in Britain’s economy. The government granted the British East India Company a monopoly on the importation and sale of tea in the colonies. However, the colonists had never accepted the constitutionality of the duty on tea, and the Tea Act reignited their opposition to it. Their resistance culminated in the Boston Tea Party on December 16, 1773, in which colonists, some disguised as American Indians, boarded East India Company ships anchored in the harbor and dumped their loads of tea overboard. Parliament responded with a series of harsh measures intended to stifle colonial resistance to British rule, which raised tensions that ultimately led to the War of Independence in April 1775. $400 - $600

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NEWSPAPERS & OTHER IMPRINTS 323 New-England Chronicle, Boston, April 1776, with News Covering the Revolutionary War and Harvard Law Degree Presented to Washington The New-England Chronicle, Boston, MA, April 25, 1776. 4pp, 10.25 x 15.5 in. This Revolutionary War newspaper was published just 5 weeks after the British evacuation of Boston, and one of the articles refers to the “…flight of the ministerial barbarians…” The issue contains a great amount of Revolutionary War-related news including a lengthy, front page account of the exploits of Esek Hopkins along the Southern New England coast and his successful attack on Nassau in the Bahamas. It also features a description of the recovery of the remains of General Warren from the Charlestown Heights (Bunker Hill) and their reburial with great respect. Page 3 prints resolutions of the Second Continental Congress, including the resolution that “…no slaves be imported into any of the Thirteen United Colonies…”

The highlight of this issue is a front page printing (2 columns, one in Latin, the other in English) of the announcement that Harvard University had awarded an Honorary Degree of Law to General George Washington. This was the first honorary degree awarded

by Harvard to a non-graduate, and it was the first academic degree Washington received. It was presented to Washington at his military camp in Cambridge shortly after driving the British army out of Boston. The degree was written in Latin and signed by every member of the Corporation except John Hancock, who was in Philadelphia at the time. The Latin text along with the English translation, was published in local newspapers. (Information obtained from online article, “Honorary Degree Makes History,” by Rachel P. Covner, September 18, 1998, The Harvard Crimson.) $3,000 - $5,000

324 The London Chronicle, December 1780, with Detailed Report on Treason of Benedict Arnold The London Chronicle, England, December 2, 1780. 8pp, 9.25 x 12 in.

Featuring 2 full pages containing 6 columns of news, including one of the longest, most detailed accounts written in a contemporary newspaper about the treasonous acts of Benedict Arnold during the Revolutionary War. The newspaper also covers British Major John Andre being captured and held as a spy. In addition, the newspaper features a 2-column “Proclamation” signed in type by Benedict Arnold “To the Officers and Soldiers of the Continental Army…” in which Arnold justifies his turning against the Americans and becoming an agent for the British forces. $800 - $1,000

325 Independent Chronicle, Boston, June 1789, with Report on Congressional Debates of Government Salaries Independent Chronicle and the Universal Advertiser, Boston, MA, June 11, 1789. 4pp, 12.5 x 21 in. Featuring a front page report on the debates in Congress over the salaries for the high US Government officials, including President, Vice President, cabinet secretaries, etc. The numbers given in the report are what the first Government officials were paid during their first year in office. $300 - $500

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326 Independent Chronicle, Boston, July 1789, with First Act Passed

by First US Congress Independent Chronicle and the Universal Advertiser, Boston, MA, July 9, 1789. 4pp, 12.5 x 21 in. Featuring a complete, front page printing of “An Act to regulate the Time and Manner of administering certain Oaths,” the very first act passed by the first US Congress assembled after the ratification of the Constitution, and signed into law by President George Washington on June 1, 1789.

On April 1, 1789, the House of Representatives reached its first quorum, and five days later, it appointed a committee to draft a bill on the manner of administration of the oath for members of Congress required under Article VI of the Constitution. The House also voted that day to instruct the committee to include the following wording for the oath: “I, A.B. a Representative of the United States in the Congress thereof, do solemnly swear or affirm (as the case may be) that I will support the Constitution of the United States.”

On April 25, the committee reported its bill to the whole House, which approved it two days later. The Senate committee charged with the bill added a section requiring state officials and legislators to take the same oath as members of Congress. The Senate approved the bill with the change on May 5. The House did not object to the Senate’s change, and representatives of each body took the bill to President Washington for his signature. $400 - $600

327 Columbian Centinel, Boston, May 2, 1791, with Report on the New Federal City of Washington, DC Columbian Centinel, Boston, MA, May 7, 1791. 4pp, 10.5 x 16.25 in.

The issue features a page 2 headline, NEW FEDERAL CITY, with a lengthy, detailed full column report of the ceremony and laying of the cornerstone for the new Federal City of Washington, DC. This was the start of the building of Washington, DC as the new Federal Capital City of the United States.

The Residence Act of July 16, 1790, as amended March 3, 1791, gave authority to President George Washington to select an exact site for the capital, along the Potomac River. The location selected by Washington included all of present-day Old Town Alexandria, which was one of the four busiest ports in the country at the time. Acting on instructions from Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson, Major Andrew Ellicott, a prominent surveyor, began his initial observations for a rough survey of the chosen area of land in February of 1791. Ellicott hired astronomer and surveyor, Benjamin Banneker, to make the astronomical observations and calculations necessary to establish the south corner of the square at Jones Point in Alexandria. By April of 1791, the team completed a rough survey of the area, and on April 15, a small stone was placed at the south corner of Jones Point by the Alexandria Masonic Lodge in ceremonies attended by Ellicott as well as other dignitaries, which represented the beginning of the new Federal City of Washington, DC. (Information obtained from Boundarystones.org on August 24, 2016.) $600 - $800

328 Boston & Philadelphia Newspapers Featuring Political Debate Between Alexander Hamilton & Philip Freneau, 1792 Lot of 2 newspapers, including: Columbian Centinel, Boston, MA, September 12, 1792. 4pp, 10.5 x 17 in. Contains the printing of a letter signed in type by Alexander Hamilton under his “pen name” of “An American” (page 2, column 3).

Gazette of the United States, Philadelphia, PA, December 8, 1792. 4pp, 10.5 x 17 in. Contains a response to Hamilton’s “An American” letter, written by Philip Freneau (front page).

This “newspaper debate” between Hamilton and Freneau is considered the beginning of the adversarial political system in the US that exists to this very day. In 1792, the political adversaries were the Federalists (articulated by Alexander Hamilton) and the Democratic-Republicans (articulated by Thomas Jefferson through newspaper publisher Philip Freneau).

These newspapers represent the beginning of the two-party system in the United States. $800 - $1,000 176

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NEWSPAPERS & OTHER IMPRINTS

329 Gazette of the US, with Front Page Printing of James Madison’s Helvidius Letter No. IV, 1793 Gazette of the United States, Philadelphia, PA, September 14, 1793.

4pp, 10.25 x 17 in. Contains a front page printing of the Helvidius letter, Number IV, written by James Madison in response to Alexander Hamilton in the Pacificus-Helvidius Debates of 1793-1794.

These debates matched Hamilton and Madison in the first chapter of an enduring discussion about the proper roles of the executive and legislative branches in the conduct of American foreign policy. They were ignited by President Washington’s Neutrality Proclamation of 1793 and addressed whether Washington had the authority to declare America neutral, despite an early alliance treaty with France. Hamilton argued that Washington’s actions were constitutional and that friction between the two branches was an unavoidable, but not harmful, consequence of the separation of powers. Madison countered that the president’s proclamation would introduce “new principals and new constructions” into the Constitution. While the Pacificus-Helvidius debates did not resolve this ongoing constitutional controversy, they did define the grounds upon which this question was to be examined, to this very day. $500 - $700

330 Columbian Centinel, Boston, December 11, 1799, John Adams’ State of the Union Address Columbian Centinel, Boston, MA, December 11, 1799. 4pp, 11.75 x 18.75 in. This issue contains a complete inside page printing of the 1799 State of the Union Address by President John Adams. In that address, Adams makes the first public announcement that the US Federal Government would move from Philadelphia, PA, to the newly constructed Federal City of Washington, DC in December 1800- one year from the date of this State of the Union Address. $400 - $600

331 Political Columbus Quatercentennial Poster, 1892 Lithograph, 24 x 18 in., sheet is 25.5 x 20 in., not laid down. Featuring detailed illustrations accompanied by German text. Partially translated as follows: At center: “Gewidmet von den Tragern der Arbeiter-Zeitung” (Dedicated to the ‘Workers Newspaper’), “Facket und Vorbote” (Torch and Harbors); “Alle Rader Stehen still - Wenn mein starker Arm es will!” (All wheels stand still when my strong arm wants it). With image of a blacksmith, horse in doorway in background.

Vignette captions: (counter clockwise from upper left: “Geld regirt die Welt.” (Money Rules the World - under image of formally dressed gentleman with bags of money); “Handel ist Prellerei! Benj.

Franklin.” (Trade is Cheating -Benj. Franklin under image of an office clerk); “Im Interesse des Kapitals, Freiheit, verdamme ich dieh” (In the Interest of capital, freedom I condemn you - Image of a judge condemning Lady Liberty); “Handelt nach meinen Worten, nicht nach meinen Thaten” (Act according to my words, not according to my deeds - under image of a judge or solicitor); “Hands Up!” (with image of a policeman); “Ihr arbeitet und ich geniesse!” (You work and I enjoy - with large man rubbing his belly).

Upper left cartouche (roughly translated): “As Clio [Muse of History] at the exchange this year the number four hundred on the blackboard writes be clouded her face, the statement is true speaks them but vain was the hope deities the muses hold spendthrift Columbia freeborn children are degenerate for new folly they add the old delusional so iron meaningless, contrary to the fatalities However, a pure sex enters the web—-The Muse of History” The Arbiter-Zeitung was the “Workers Newspaper” published in Austria between 1889 and 1991 as the daily paper of the Social Democratic Party. Nearly every nation on earth has had a party of “Social Democrats” over the years. The American version was not formally organized until a few years after this quatercentennial, but the sentiment was rising. 1892 calendar upper right, interestingly has English months. This suggests that, although no printer is noted, it was printed in the United States. There were many German language printers until the World Wars increased antiGerman sentiment in the 20th century. $800 - $1,000 SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Indian Wars | Maps 332 Pencil-Drawn, Birds Eye View of US Barracks, Columbus, Ohio, Late 19th Century Birds eye view of US Barracks, Columbus, Ohio. 12 x 15.25 in. No date, though ca 1885-1890. Cartographer unknown. Key in lower left.

This map has every inch covered with grass, trees, buildings, roads.

Arlington Ave. comes into the military establishment, then divides into two adjacent circles. Where it enters the barracks there is a guard house. In the center of the first circle is a fountain and artillery.

The main building is between the two circles. Inside the other is the parade ground. Dwellings (most just marked “dwelling house”), hospital buildings, and others are more distant. There is a ball field near the front of the grounds.

Established in 1862 this facility was known as the Columbus Barracks in 1875 when it was a recruiting and training facility, later renamed the Columbus Arsenal. In 1922 it was renamed Fort Hayes after Ohio Governor Rutherford B. Hayes, later the 19th President. After WWII it was taken over by the Ohio National Guard. In 1976, the Fort Hayes Career Center was established on part of the property. $500 - $700

333 Pencil-Drawn Diagrams of Fort Shaw & Fort Missoula, Montana Territory, 1880s Lot of 2 pencil-drawn diagrams, cartographer unknown, including: Diagram of Fort Shaw M.T. 1883. 13.75 x 16.75 in. Buildings, parade ground, coral, park, even the hay ground and scales are noted.

Surrounding the Parade Ground are a number of buildings: Along one side and a building or two along the adjacent sides are the officers’ quarters, with the residents are listed: Lt. Theis, Lt. Col. Gibson [George Gibsin], Dr. Kilburne, Lt. Crouse, Lt. Jones, Lt. Hale, Col. [John R.] Brooke, L:t. Stouch, Lt. Bartlett, LT. McCoy and Lt. Bell (in same qtrs), Lt. Hannay, Capt. Kent and Capt. Moole. There are barracks for Co. F, Co. K, Co. A, Co. G and the Band. The Hospital is near the officers’ quarters with a building behind labeled “dead house.” Opposite the officers is the Quartermaster and Commissary building. There are also warehouses, the armory, a library, chapel and school room in more distant buildings. One is even labeled “Officers Billiard Room.” Roads and tracks crisscross everywhere, with only one named - Helena and Benton Stage Road. Trees and grass noted with icons. Apparently all features were not on this map because they were some distance from the fort. The garden, for example, was about a mile away. At this time the 3rd US Infantry was stationed at Ft. Shaw.

Diagram of Fort Missoula Montana Territory 1884. 13.75 x 16.75 in.

This map is not quite as elaborate. Officers’ quarters are marked, but 178

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names are not included. Each company has a barracks with “Married Soldiers” in a building behind it. Besides a Hay Yard, this map also has a Garden noted. What appears to be native vegetation is along the river bank. There are a wagon shed, saw mill, Chinese laundry, sutler’s store, blademaster, tin shop and carpenter’s shop, barber shop, plus the expected magazine and gunnery. There are also fewer roads and tracks in this fort.

Montana was acquired by the United States as part of the Louisiana Purchase. With the discovery of gold in the region (Black Hills) it was designated a US Territory (1864). The population rapidly increased, causing conflict with native peoples. It also became impossible to defend the treaties signed earlier promising the native populations that the Black Hills would be theirs forever.

With increasing conflict came an increasing military presence.

Fort Shaw was built in the Sun River Valley in 1867. When it was decommissioned in 1891, many of its buildings became an Indian school (with a purpose to “Americanize” them). Fort Missoula was established a decade later (1877). It saw subsequent use as a training center in WWI, headquarters for the Civilian Conservation Corps (1933), a processing center for Japanese-Americans (“alien detention”), and a prison for military personnel after WWII. It was finally decommissioned in 1947. $1,500 - $2,500 BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

WESTERN AMERICANA | Indian Wars | Autographs & Manuscripts 334 US Army Discharge of Apache Indian Scout, Victorio Whitebird Partially printed discharge on heavy paper, Pennsylvania Volunteers, March 2, 1901. Honorable discharge for Vittorio N Whitebird (thought to be “Victorio” by many) by reason of Wounds and Old Age. At Fort Davis, Texas. Signed by John Creely, 3rd US Cav. On verso is a list of qualifications in arms; L{ong?} Rifle, Knife, Club, Bow; and engagements: Bear Paw, N——r Canyon (now Negro Bill Canyon), Robinson Creek, Wounded Knee - Other actions. He is described as Loyal, Efficient, Steadfast. Chief White bird is an exemplary red man.

Next to “signature of soldier” is Whitebird’s mark (first symbol resembles an “F” with a few extra bends, followed by “V N”).

Lower left corner is ANS in blue ink: I have personally served with this man. & known him for some 30 years. No one more loyal or _____ ! Signed Nelson Miles, Genl. USA. Flayderman made and requested numerous searches in the military records which apparently failed to identify this scout, although there are a number of Whitebirds in the records. Lot contains the research archive with attempts to identify him. For us, Nelson Miles’ word is good enough!

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $500 - $700

WESTERN AMERICANA | Indian Wars | George A. Custer

335 George A. Custer CDV Published by E. & H.T. Anthony Carte de visite portrait of George A. Custer as brigadier general, with E. & H.T. Anthony imprint on verso. Illustrated in Katz’ Custer in Photographs [K-29], taken ca February 15, 1864, by Mathew Brady & Co. With two cent US Internal Revenue Proprietary stamp on verso. $500 - $700

336 George A. Custer Albumen Photograph by Scholten, St. Louis Albumen photograph of Custer in buckskin, 4 x 5.5 in., on mount marked J.A. Scholten, St. Louis, MO, 6 x 9.75 in. overall, with tissue hinged at the right edge.

Taken in St. Louis by James A. Scholten about January 24, 1872, when Custer was involved in a buffalo hunt with Czar Alexander of Russia, this image originally appeared as a tipped-in addition to the Philadelphia Photographer, a 19th century trade publication for professional photographers. A scarce original image, widely copied and issued in cabinet format after the Battle of Little Bighorn.

Catalogued by Katz in Custer in Photographs as K-113. $3,000 - $5,000

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337 George A. Custer and Russian Grand Duke Alexis, Albumen Photograph by D.F. Barry Albumen print on 6.75 x 9.75 in. imperial mount with the recto imprint of D.F. Barry, West Superior, Wisconsin, and inked identifications.

Despite the Barry imprint, the image is known to have been made by Scholten in St. Louis on or about January 24, 1872, when Custer was involved in a buffalo hunt with Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich.

Catalogued by Katz in Custer in Photographs as K-115. $2,000 - $3,000

339 F.J. Haynes Cabinet Photograph of Curley, Custer’s Scout Cabinet photograph of Curley (ca 1856-1923), the Crow scout for General George Custer and one of the few US Army survivors of the Battle of Little Bighorn, with F. Jay Haynes, Fargo, DT imprint on verso, from the Cabinet Series of Noted Indian Chiefs and Northern Pacific Views. Ca early 1880s. $600 - $800 180

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338 Curley, Custer’s Scout, Rare Photograph Mounted silver gelatin photograph, 6.25 x 8 in., of Curley posed outdoors holding a Winchester rifle and with ivory-handled revolver in his belt. Penciled in the recto margin, Curley the only survivor of the Custer battle. $800 - $1,200

340 Custer’s Last Stand, Anheuser-Busch Chromolithograph Iconic chromolithograph titled Custer’s Last Fight, with lower left imprint, Entered According to Act of Congress by Adolphus Busch, March 30th 1896 in the Office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington DC, 41.5 x 31.75 in. (sight), framed, 45.5 x 35.5 in. A dramatic depiction of General Custer standing defiantly with his sword suspended in the air as members of the 7th Cavalry of the US Army are massacred by the Native American Lakota Sioux and Northern Cheyenne at the Battle of Little Bighorn. $600 - $800 BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

WESTERN AMERICANA | Indian Wars | Photography

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341 Indian Wars Colonel George Lawson Scott, 6th US Cavalry, Photographic Archive Lot of 10 photographs of George Lawson Scott, his family, and fellow soldiers.

A native of Lafayette, OR, George Lawson Scott (1849-1926), graduated from West Point in 1875, and was assigned soon after to the 6th US Cavalry, with which he served during the greater part of his military service in Arizona and Wyoming. He took part in the Apache campaign in the Southwest and a Sioux campaign in Wyoming and Dakota, at the time of the Ghost Dance excitement, which resulted in the death of Sitting Bull. Colonel Scott also raised the siege in the war at Fort McKinney, WY. In March 1894, Scott and a patrol of soldiers captured Edgar Howell, a poacher from Cooke City, MT, for killing Bison in the Pelican Valley section of Yellowstone Park. At the time, there were no laws that would allow prosecution of Howell, so he was temporarily detained and removed from the park. However, shortly after his capture, F. Jay Haynes, the park photographer, along with western author Emerson Hough and guide Billy Hofer encountered Scott and Howell as he was being escorted back to Fort Yellowstone. The encounter was captured on film by Haynes, and the story was telegraphed to Hough’s publisher: Forest and Stream. These events inspired the magazine’s editor, George Bird Grinnell, to lobby congress for a law to allow prosecution of crimes in Yellowstone, which resulted in the Lacey Act of 1894. In response to Yellowstone’s park administrators’ inability to punish poachers, Congressman John F. Lacey sponsored legislation that gave the Department of Interior authority to arrest and prosecute those violating the law within the park. The Lacey Act subsequently became the cornerstone of future law enforcement policies in the park. (Information obtained from familysearch.org on October 19, 2016.)

In 1898, Scott commanded the headquarters’ guard of General Brooks at Puerto Rico, and after the war, he had charge of the Chippewa Indians in Minnesota. For a while, he also oversaw the Apache prisoners of war at Fort Sill, OK in 1911. Following 30 years of service, Scott retired at his own request. He suffered a stroke, which resulted in his death at the Letterman General Hospital in San Francisco.

(Information obtained from wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com.)

This collection features the following photos of Scott: cabinet card portrait of 3 officers from the D troop, Scott at center, with F. Jay Haynes, St. Paul imprint; cabinet card of several officers, including Scott (second from right), posed with buffalo heads on a porch. This photo was taken following the capture of Edgar Howell in 1894; 8.5 x 5.5 in. photograph, on 8 x 10 in., mount, showing Scott reclining in a rocking chair with another man, possibly his father-in-law; and 9 x 6.25 in. photograph, on 10 x 7 in. mount, of Scott with his wife Julia and daughter, Bessie Maynadier Scott, ca 1885.

Accompanied by two unique photographs of Fort Yellowstone, each approx. 4.5 x 8 in., one mounted on card stock and dated 1894 on verso, the second mounted on thin fabric; 3.25 x 3.5 in. photograph described on verso as Seward Webb hunting party passing through Norris, ca 1896; cabinet card of an unidentified trooper, credited to W.L. Bates, Denver, CO, and inscribed on the back, I send this to you for your “gallery of emminent men”; CDV of Major F.J. Dent, relative to Scott’s wife Julia, credited to Nichols & Bros., St. Louis, MO; autographed CDV of E.F. Sanger, Surgeon US Vols., by St. Alary & Watson, Detroit, MI; and CDV of a young soldier, his sword resting in front of him, ink identified on mount as French (?) 9 Cav. ‘74, and possibly autographed on verso, with Warren, Cambridgeport, MA imprint.

Descended in the Family of Colonel George Lawson Scott $1,000 - $1,500

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NOVEMBER 18, 2016 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Indian Wars | Photography 342 Indian Wars-Era Medical Corps Officer, Captain Charles Gandy, Glass Negative and Photographic Archive, Including Views of Fort Clark, Fort Yellowstone, & More Lot of over 150 images produced by Charles Gandy between 18901895, including views taken at Fort Yellowstone, WY, and Fort Clark, TX, numerous scenic shots capturing the surrounding landscapes, and personal family portraits. The collection is comprised of approx. 116 glass negatives, many housed in their original sleeves and presumably inscribed by Gandy, with notes regarding the location and date of the shot as well as photo specifications (time of day, f-stop, exposure time, developer, etc.). The collection features a fine 6.5 x 8.25 wet plate collodion negative of Gandy in full uniform as well as at least 115 dry plate negatives in the following sizes: 6.5 x 8.5 in. (41), 4 x 5 in. (70), and 5 x 7 in. (5). Highlights captured in the negatives include: interior and exterior views of buildings at Fort Yellowstone, such as the hospital office; a fine shot captioned, Our Party, wagon and mules; a group of officers posed with Buffalo heads; a US Army wagon outside a large building, likely located at one of the forts; Fort Yellowstone from Capitol Hill; Liberty Cap & Hotel; rapids of the Yellowstone above Upper Falls; Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone; Grotto Geyser Cone; Minerva Terrace; Gardiner Canyon and River; and so much more.

The glass plate negatives are accompanied by a leather album, 10.75 x 7 in., containing 19 printed photographs taken by Gandy, each approx.

7.25 x 4.5 in., mounted one per page. Many are captioned and dated 1889-1890. The photos include views of Fort Concho, TX, such as Gandy’s quarters, the Post Hospital, and a group of structures identified as “The Line,” Fort Concho, Texas; abandoned June 23, 1889. The album also features photos taken at Fort Clark, TX, such as the Post Hospital and other buildings, a “Parade” of the 18th Infantry in 1890, and soldiers in a US military wagon, presumably at the fort. A loose group of 16 prints by Gandy are also included, each 4.5 x 3.5 in., on 7.5 x 6 in. mount, and present scenic shots of Yellowstone as well as an interior parlor scene.

Charles M. Gandy was a captain and assistant post surgeon at Fort Clark in 1890 and was also stationed for a time at Fort Concho in Texas.

While stationed in Texas and near Yellowstone, he photographed

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many breathtaking views of the scenery and the spirit of the wide spaces surrounding the forts and the people living on or near them.

Although it was his hobby, Gandy captured many dynamic images that rivaled the work of professional photographers. Many of his photographs were published in William F. Haenn’s book, Images of America: Fort Clark and Brackettville, Land of Heroes. He reached the rank of colonel in the US Medical Corps and worked for a time at West Point. Gandy retired in 1921 after serving as chief surgeon of the Eastern Department in Governors Island, New York, and died in 1937. $1,000 - $1,500

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Indian Wars | Photography 343 Gabriel Dumont, Metis Scout, and Louis Riel’s Lieutenant, Dumais, Cabinet Cards Lot of 2 cabinet cards, including one of Gabriel Dumont and one of Dumais, The Meti / Louis Riel’s Lieutenant, by Dan Dutro, Fort Benton, Montana. Both dated 1885. Dumont’s lacking a photographer’s imprint, but likely by Dutro as well.

Dumont (1837-1908) is best known as a leader of the Metis, the mixed Indian/French peoples of Western Canada. Along with Louis Riel, Dumont was a principal character in the struggle of the Metis with the Canadian Government in their efforts to gain control of their destiny. In 1885 Dumont was named “adjutant General of the Metis people” during the so-called “Northwest Rebellion.” When the rebellion was quelled by the government, Dumont fled to the United States and joined Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show for the 1886 season and returned to Canada in 1889 where he lived on his old homestead until his death. $600 - $800

WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Minnesota Massacre 344 Minnesota Massacre of 1862 CDVs Lot of 8 CDVs of either images or actors with a brief description of their involvement in the Minnesota Massacre of 1862. Includes the following portraits credited to Upton: Medicine Bottle, Little Six, Wo-We-Na-Pe, Sioux Prisoners (a woman and two children), two Sioux men. Plus, the following photos credited to Whitney: Cut Nose, Little Crow, and a huddled group from the mission party.

The Minnesota Massacre of 1862 resulted in the deaths of more than 450 settlers living near the reservation. Many white settlers came to help “civilize” the Sioux and establish an Indian school. Although the government offered over a million dollars to the tribe for their land, white merchants preyed upon the trade good dependent Sioux by granting massive amounts of credit which the merchants collected directly from the government. Tensions rose as many Sioux found themselves unable to provide for their families. One store attendant refused to take more credit and turned away starving women and children saying, “If they are hungry, they can eat grass” (Torrence, Time-Life The Old West Series, “The Minnesota Massacre: Sioux on the Warpath,” p. 175). When the annual payment from the government failed to arrive on time in August of 1862, Wo-wi-na-pa, the son of Little Crow, and some other Dakota men led an attack against the white settlers. Among them was Little Six, the grandson of Shakopee and leader of the Mdewakanton band, and Medicine Bottle, the nephew of Chief Medicine Bottle. Little Six and Medicine Bottle fled to Canada after the massacre. Survivors found the harsh store owner dead with grass stuffed in his mouth.

In early December 1862, the military convicted 303 Sioux prisoners of murder and rape by military tribunals and sentenced them to death.

Thirty-eight of the convicted hanged all at once, making it the largest hanging in American History. The military buried the bodies in mass graves but exhumed them because of high demand for cadavers. Dr. William Mayo received the body of “Stands on Clouds,” also known as Cut Nose, and dissected it in front of his medical colleagues. He kept Cut Nose’s skeleton in an iron kettle in his home office for years.

Medicine Bottle and Little Six evaded capture for almost two years until Major Edwin Hatch captured them in January of 1864. They were put on trial with Wo-wi-na-pa and charged with war crimes. Wo-wina-pa managed to escape the noose, but Little Six and Medicine Bottle did not. They hanged at Fort Snelling in 1865. The remaining prisoners stayed behind bars for more than four years. The military finally released them after more than one third died from disease. Cut Nose’s body along with the identifiable remains of other American Indians exhumed after the hanging and “donated” to science were not returned for reburial until the late 20th century through the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act. See also Lot 345. $1,000 - $1,500

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NOVEMBER 18, 2016 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Minnesota Massacre 345 Hanging of Little Six and Medicine Bottle, Extraordinarily Rare CDV An exceptionally rare photograph of Little Six and Medicine Bottle swinging from the gallows at Fort Snelling, most likely photographed by Upton or Whiting, although the carte lacks a studio imprint, 1865. There is one other known example of the photograph in this size. On the reverse is a two cent revenue stamp. $2,000 - $3,000

WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Battle of Sugar Point 346 Battle of Sugar Point, Leech Lake Indian Reservation, 1898, Eleven Photographs, Incl. Views of Chief Bugonaygeshig Lot of 11 photographs, ranging in size from 3.5 x 3.5 in. on 5 x 5 in. mount (1), to 3.75 x 4.75 in. on 5.25 x 6.25 in. mount (9), plus 7.5 x 9.5 in. on 10.5 x 14 in. mount (1). Accompanied by booklet entitled, Battle of Sugar Point, Oct. 5, 1898, by Cecelia McKeig, which describes the battle and associated history in great detail, plus additional research.

The Battle of Sugar Point, also known as the Battle of Leech Lake, was fought on October 5, 1898 between the 3rd US Infantry and members of the Pillager Band of Chippewa Indians in a failed attempt to apprehend Pillager Ojibwe “Chief” Bugonaygeshig, “Old Bug” or “Hole-In-The-Day”, because of a dispute with Indian Service officials on the Leech Lake Reservation in Cass County, MN. “Old Bug” had refused to show up in a Duluth, MN court approx.

150 miles away to face charges, including supplying liquor to the reservation. Minnesota National Guard units were called out to arrest him and several others. Battery B of the MN National Guard, shown in several of the photos offered here, was also called out as a police unit and sent to Deer River, MN. A standoff occurred at Sugar Point on Leech Lake in northern Minnesota. The shooting 4 of 11 began when a soldier of one of the units dropped his weapon, which discharged and started a gunfight between the members Reservation in 1898, showing a two-story building at left, possibly of the tribe and the MN National Guard unit. As a result of the home to an Indian agent or supply building, and a trapper style-cabin shootout, five soldiers were killed, including a Major Wilkinson as at right. This may be one of the only views of this area in existence; well as two Indian tribal police, while no Indian lives were lost. The photo of 1st Lieutenant Frank P. Bruce and Captain C.C. Bennett of matter was later resolved in court where ten members of the tribe Battery B, MN National Guard, posed in front of “Old Bug’s” cabin, received short sentences. However, “Old Bug” was not pursued after captioned and dated 1898 on verso; group shot of 12 soldiers and the the battle, and he went on to live another 18 years, dying on May 17, captured chief, “Old Bug” in front of the same cabin; slightly smaller 1916, between 77 and 81-years-old.

3.5 x 3.5 in. photo of what looks to be a supply wagon for the unit at a camp site, captioned on back, 1895-1898, Deer River, MN, Officer’s Each of the photographs offered in the lot features penciled notes Camp; view of Captain Bennett and 1st Lieutenant Bruce with others, on verso and a reference to Frank P. Bruce, who was a 1st lieutenant mounted on horseback at Camp Lakeview, August 1898; an action with Battery B of the MN National Guard, which indicates that he shot showing a line of approx. 20 soldiers from the MN National Guard may have taken all of the images. Highlights from the collection police unit standing along a railroad track, in the midst of target include: a rare photograph of “Old Bug” seated on a log, surrounded practice; 3 group shots of the MN National Guard police unit; and 7.5 by newly fallen timber and stumps, with two cabins in the distance, x 9.5 in. studio portrait (with some condition issues) of 1st Lieutenant identified on verso as Bugos at his Cabin, and dated 1898. This was Bruce, Captain Bennett, and 2nd Lieutenant N.P. Nelson, on 10.5 x 14 likely taken on the Leech Lake Reservation a year or so after the in. mount. land was cleared. The white painted cabin at left may have been the Indian Agency manager’s cabin, while “Old Bug’s” is a low, trapperA fine collection of photographs related to what is considered by style cabin; a second view of what looks to be Leech Lake Indian many to be “the last Indian Uprising in the United States.” $1,000 - $1,500 184

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WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Wounded Knee

347 J.C.H. Grabill Photograph, Indian Chiefs and US Officials, Plus Two Photographs by Trager, Ca 1891 Lot of 3, featuring: photograph, 7.25 x 4.25 in., titled in the negative No. 3630 - Indian Chiefs and US Officials / Taken at Pine Ridge Jan. 16, ‘91.

Photo and copyright by Grabill, 1891, Deadwood, SD, with identifications of the sixteen subjects, including Sioux Chiefs Two Strike, Crow Dog, Short Bull, High Hawk, Two Lance, Kicking Bear, Good Voice, Thunder Hawk, Rocky Bear, Young Man Afraid of His Horse, American Horse, and William F. Cody, Major J.M. Burke, J.C. Craiger, J. McDonald, and J.G. Worth, who wears a buffalo headdress and holds a Winchester. 8.5 x 5.5 in. overall.

Photograph, 7 x 4.25 in., of J.M. McDonald, Good Lance, Big Talk, Frank Gerrard, Kicking Bear, Two Strike, Burke, and Short Bull either standing or on horseback, all identified in the negative. With Trager’s Northwestern Photographic Co. of Chadron, NE imprint on verso. 8.5 x 5.5 in. overall Photograph, 7 x 4.25 in., titled in the negative, Leaders of the Hostile Indians of Pine Ridge, identified as Chief Two Strike, Crow Dog, and High Hawk, standing in front of their camp. With Trager’s Northwestern Photographic Co. of Chadron, NE imprint on verso. 8.5 x 5.5 in. overall. $4,000 - $6,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Wounded Knee 348 J.C.H. Grabill Photograph of Wounded Knee Photograph, 9 x 6.5 in., on 10 x 7 in. mount, showing a distant view of a camp at Wounded Knee, titled in the negative “Hostile Indian Camp” The largest Indian Camp in the US near Pine Ridge, SD Jan. 16, ‘91 with Grabill’s copyright. $500 - $700

WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Plains

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349 Sioux Indian with Two Squaws, Cabinet Card

by Scarce Dakota Territory Photographer Zalmon Gilbert Cabinet photograph of unidentified Sioux brave standing behind two seated squaws in a studio setting. With Z. Gilbert, Mandan, N. Dak. imprint on mount recto, and Fort Berthole [sic] penciled below the image. A scarce image by a little known photographer.

Gilbert was active in Mandan, Dakota Territory/North Dakota, and Dickinson, North Dakota from 1884-1894. $400 - $600

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350 L.W. Stilwell Cabinet Photographs of Chief Lone Bear and Red Feather, Plus Lot of 3, including 2 cabinet cards published by L.W. Stilwell, Deadwood, SD, the subjects identified in the negatives as Lone Bear, Chief and Red Feather. Accompanied by a 4.625 x 3.75 in. silver print on 6.5 x 4.25 in. mount showing what appears to be a group of Oglala Indians possibly near Pine Ridge as indicated by the rugged hills in the background. The man holds a feathered lance, which is the insignia of the Cante T’inza, or Strong Heart Warrior Society, and the three wives wear eagle fluffs in their hair, an indication that this may have been taken after the expensive Hunkalowanpi ceremony had been performed for each of them. $700 - $900

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WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Plains

351 Mitchell & McGowan CDV of an American Indian Carte de visite featuring a studio portrait of a Sioux Indian armed with two pistols in his lap, with Mitchell & McGowan, St. Louis backmark.

Ink identified on mount below image as Chief Two Bears, although we cannot confirm this identification. $300 - $500

352 J.N. Choate Cabinet Card of Noted Indian Chiefs Cabinet card featuring a composite view of Noted Indian Chiefs who visited the Indian Training School in Carlisle, PA, published by J.N. Choate, ca 1881. Chiefs include: Spotted Tail, Iron Wing, American Horse, Red Shirt, White Eagle, Standing Buffalo, Poor Wolf, Son-of-Star, White Man, Stumbling Bear, Tso-de-ar-ko, Big Horse, Bob Tail, Man-onthe-Cloud, Mad Wolf, Little Raven, Yellow Bear, Left Hand, and Ouray. $500 - $700

353 F.J. Haynes Stereoview of Noted Sioux Indian Chiefs Stereoview of Noted Sioux Indian Chiefs (No. 937), as titled in negative and on verso, with Haynes’ Fargo, DT imprint. The subjects are identified from left to right as: Gall, Crawler, Crow King, Running Antelope, and Rain-In-The-Face, taken at Fort Yates on the Standing Rock Reservation, Dakota, in the summer of 1881. Note that RainIn-The-Face is holding a cabinet card, perhaps his own likeness, previously taken by Haynes. $400 - $600

354 Buffalo Bones Ready for Shipment East, Rare Stereoview by J.G. Evans Stereoview titled on mount verso, Buffalo Bones ready for shipment east, and credited to J.G. Evans, Photographer, Las Vegas New Mexico.

At the time of European contact, American buffalo or bison herds were estimated to be as large as 60 million animals (with some estimates into the billions). It is almost difficult to believe the species nearly became extinct in the last century. In an attempt to push American Indians off their native lands, local officers organized buffalo hunts to diminish the population of the animal vital to the survival of tribes. Hunters, such as “Buffalo Bill” in his youth, would shoot the animals from the roofs of trains to feed railroad crews and to ship hides, some meat back to Eastern markets. The bones were then gathered to be shipped back for buttons and ground up for fertilizer. Buffalo numbers dropped from 60 million around 1800 to an estimated 541 in 1889, and some think as low as 300 in 1900.

Fortunately, a number of ranchers saw what was happening and began rescuing the survivors. Today, they have recovered remarkably well. So much so that they are now raised for meat, even though the species has really never been domesticated. $300 - $500

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NOVEMBER 18, 2016 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Southwest

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355 A. Frank Randall Boudoir Photographs of Apaches at San Carlos, Arizona Territory, Ca 1884 Lot of 4 photographs, all albumen prints on green boudoir card mounts with the backmark of A.F. Randall, “Apache Photographs and Views of All Kinds,” Los Angeles, CA, circa 1884-1886.

Subjects include “Old Nana” (ca 1800-1896), a chief of the Chihenne band of Chiricahua Apache, pictured seated holding a cane; Got-chai-

eh, a very old Warm Springs Apache described as the “Grandfather of his Tribe”; a man posed playing a flute, identified on verso as Yuma Apache flutist (Mila); and a mother carrying her child on a cradleboard, identified on verso as Mescalero Apache squaw and papoose.

All four descended in the family of William Wallace Chapel (18391922), who operated a trading post and served as postmaster at San Carlos, Gila County, Arizona Territory, ca 1886-1890. $2,000 - $3,000

356 A. Frank Randall Boudoir Photograph of Ration Day at San Carlos Albumen print on a green boudoir card mount with the backmark of A.F. Randall, “Apache Photographs and Views of All Kinds,” Los Angeles, CA, showing Apaches of various bands waiting in line for rations at San Carlos, Arizona Territory, ca 1883-1886. This photograph descended in the family of William Wallace Chapel (1839-1922), who operated a trading post and served as postmaster of San Carlos, ca 1886-1890. $1,000 - $1,500

357 A. Frank Randall Boudoir Photograph of Loco, Chiricahua Apache Medicine Chief Albumen print on a green boudoir card mount with the backmark of A.F. Randall, “Apache Photographs and Views of All Kinds,” Los Angeles, CA, and 1884 copyright, showing the Apache medicine chief posed with a trapdoor Springfield rifle cut to carbine length.

Loco was an influential leader and figured prominently in the events of the 1870s and 1880s. He advocated peace more than most of his fellow Apache leaders and went to Washington to negotiate, but was nonetheless imprisoned alongside Geronimo and the others. He lost his left eye to a grizzly bear attack as a young man, and this injury can be noted in the photograph.

This photograph descended in the family of William Wallace Chapel (1839-1922), who operated a trading post and served as postmaster at San Carlos, Gila County, Arizona Territory, ca 1886-1890. $1,000 - $1,500

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WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Southwest

358 A. Frank Randall Boudoir Photograph of Apache Chief Chihuahua Boudoir photograph of Chief Chihuahua posed with a rifle, no studio imprint. Chihuahua, or Kla-esch, was an able leader of the renegade Apache, fighting through much of the 1880s. Surrendering to General George Crook in March 1886, he was subsequently imprisoned at Fort Marion, FL, and later at Fort Sill, OK, where he died in 1901.

Although lacking a studio imprint, the photograph is credited to A. Frank Randall, who operated out of Wilcox, AZ as an itinerant photographer beginning around 1883. Randall is known for his photographs of the Apache, Navajo, and Hopi Indians of the southwest. From 1883 to 1885, Randall produced a series of about 100 boudoir card portraits of Indians around Fort Apache.

Ben Wittick (1845-1903) distributed many of these pictures with his name printed in the negative resulting in confusion over the attribution of these images. $600 - $800

359 A. Frank Randall Boudoir Photograph of Chatto, Chiricahua Apache Albumen print on a green boudoir card mount with the backmark of A.F. Randall, “Apache Photographs and Views of All Kinds,” Los Angeles, CA, and 1884 copyright, showing the Chiricahua Apache chief posed with an 1879 Springfield trapdoor rifle.

In 1883, Chatto led his fellow warriors on a series of raids into Arizona and New Mexico. Chased by General Crook and the US Army, they fled to sanctuary in the Sierra Madre mountains of Mexico. In February 1884, Chatto surrendered and was returned to the San Carlos Reservation in Arizona, where Frank Randall took this photo shortly thereafter. Chatto later became a sergeant in Crook’s regiment of Apache scouts.

This photograph descended in the family of William Wallace Chapel (1839-1922), who operated a trading post and served as postmaster at San Carlos, Gila County, Arizona Territory, ca 1886-1890. $1,000 - $1,500

WESTERN AMERICANA | Geronimo 360 Geronimo, A. Frank Randall Boudoir Photograph Albumen print on a green boudoir card mount with the backmark of A.F. Randall, “Apache Photographs and Views of All Kinds,” Los Angeles, CA, and 1884 copyright, showing the Chiricahua Apache chief posed with a trapdoor Springfield rifle. This photograph descended in the family of William Wallace Chapel (1839-1922), who operated a trading post and served as postmaster at San Carlos, Gila County, Arizona Territory, ca 1886-1890. $3,000 - $5,000

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GENERAL GEORGE CROOK RARE CABINET CARD

361 General George Crook, Exceptionally Rare Cabinet Photograph

by Mitchell & McGowan Cabinet card featuring a studio portrait of General George Crook, with Mitchell & McGowan backmark. This rare photograph was likely taken in Northern Wyoming during the Indian Wars, ca 1878. Crook was moving between Omaha, Cheyenne, Red Cloud Agency and his troops. This photo could have been taken at any of those locations.

Mitchell and McGowan were known to travel and were in Omaha, Cheyenne, and the Red Cloud Agency at that time.

The portrait graces the cover of The Gray Fox: George Crook and the Indian Wars, by Paul Magid, published in 2015.

Considered one of the greatest Indian fighters of all time, General George Crook graduated from West Point at the bottom of his class.

His performance on the field was vastly better than at his desk. Soon after graduation, the Army stationed him in Northern California and Oregon. It was a valuable learning experience for Crook where he discovered how to survive under frontier conditions. The outbreak of the Civil War brought him back east for a short time. He was commissioned a captain in the 36th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, but soon took command of the Third Brigade of the Army of West Virginia.

In 1862, he joined the Army of the Potomac and participated in the Battle of Antietam. Due to his heroism in the battle, Crook was appointed brigadier general by his superiors. The next year, he moved to the Army of the Cumberland under the command of General Rosecrans, where he continued to display extraordinary valor at the battles of Second Bull Run and Chickamauga. He continued to rise through the ranks, reaching the rank of major general in 1865. After the Civil War, he returned to the rank of lieutenant colonel.

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After waging a successful two-year campaign against the Paiute in the Southwest, President Ulysses S. Grant personally placed Crook in charge of the Arizona Territory in 1871, with the responsibility of forcing rebellious Apache tribes onto reservations. However, he did not always live by the sword. He preferred to reach peaceful negations rather than resorting to violence. Unorthodox techniques, such as employing Apache scouts to guide his troops, brought peace to the region quickly and earned him a spectacular promotion from lieutenant colonel to brigadier general. Impressed by his success, Grant gave Crook the near impossible task of clearing miners out of the sacred regions of the Black Hills. By 1876, he was part of a coordinated attack designed to drive the defiant Lakota bands gathered around Sitting Bull back onto their reservations. He returned to Arizona in 1882 and attempted to quell a band of guerrillas under Geronimo. The campaign was not successful. He was relieved of his position and replaced by his haughty rival, General Nelson Miles, who successfully exiled Geronimo to Florida. Upon his promotion to major general, Crook took command of the Division of the Missouri, headquartered in Chicago.

A simple man, he was sober, abstained from cursing, and hated to wear his uniform, only wearing it when it was necessary. With a healthy respect for his former enemies, he fervently argued against corruption in the Indian Affairs office and white settlers encroaching on Indian lands, and advocated for the fair treatment of American Indians and granting them full citizenship. Lakota chief Red Cloud, a one-time adversary, said Crook “never lied to us. His words gave the people hope” (http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/people/a_c/crook. htm). Crook died on March 2, 1890 in Chicago. $2,000 - $4,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Geronimo 362 April 2, 1886 ALS Referencing Geronimo’s Escape from General Crook ALS, 2pp, 8 x 10 in., Tucson, AZ. April 2, 1886, on San Xavier Hotel letterhead. Written by J or X(?) Fowler just over a week after Geronimo bolted from his planned surrender to General Crook at Canon de los Embudos in Mexico. Accompanied by envelope addressed to Henry S. Fowler, Hillsdale, MI, postmarked April 4, 1886, Tucson.

Fowler, an active farmer in Arizona Territory, writes about his travels to Deming, NM where he sold some pigs. A routine business trip turned into a dramatic event when noted Chief Geronimo fled. He writes, Geronimo escaped from Genl. Crook the night that I went down...[The Apaches] carried away their guns and ammunition and horses-Great Fizzle!! He indicates that he was traveling in the same area as the Apaches as well as Zulick, Paul, and Supt. [illegible] of the R.R. “Paul” may be legendary lawman and friend of Wyatt Earp, Bob Paul. Zulick could be C. Meyer Zulick, who served as Governor of the Arizona Territory at the time of the letter. As governor, Zulick struggled with the ramifications of Geronimo’s outbreak. The letterhead is from the San Xavier Hotel in Tucson, where many of the officers involved in the capture and surrender of Geronimo visited the hotel bar after a parade honoring General Nelson Miles and his officers. $1,000 - $1,500

363 Geronimo and Other Apache POWs at Mount Vernon Barracks, Alabama, Photograph Silver gelatin photograph, 6.5 x 4.25 in., on 6.5 x 8.5 in. mount, capturing Apache prisoners of war at Mount Vernon Barracks, AL, ca 1887-1894, namely (left to right): Chief Chihuahua, Chief Naiche, Chief Loco, Chief Nana, and Chief Geronimo.

From 1887-1894, Mt. Vernon Barracks, AL served as home to imprisoned Apaches, including Geronimo and a number of his band members before they were transferred to Fort Sill, OK. $1,500 - $3,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Geronimo

364 Geronimo Signed Deck of Cards from the Pan American Exposition, Buffalo, New York Small deck 2.5 x 3.5 in., in two-part box (bottom of inner part missing).

The backs of the cards have North and South America as female figures, clasping hands over the isthmus of Panama. Pan-American Exposition, 1901, Buffalo, N.Y., U.S.A. around the continents (the official fair logo). The card faces have various buildings at the Expo. This fair is best known as being the place President McKinley was assassinated.

Geronimo was publicized as being at this event and there are a number of photographs of Geronimo and other native people at the event. One of the cards (the 9 of clubs) bears his penciled signature. $4,000 - $6,000

Detail

365 Col. Cummins’ Wild West Indian Congress Ticket Featuring Portrait of Geronimo Printed ticket, 4 x 2.25 in., with Geronimo’s face prominently displayed on the front, 1906.

The promoter of the show who hired Geronimo, Colonel Cummins, is pictured on the ticket’s reverse, which also includes a list of shows that Cummins had taken his “Indian Congress” to, one of them being the 1901 Pan American Exposition at Buffalo. A newspaper article about the Pan American Exposition at Buffalo that was discovered mentions not only Geronimo, but also Cummins as the manager of the “Indian Congress,” of which Geronimo is the one drawing the crowds. $400 - $600

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WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Expeditions 366 Timothy O’Sullivan, Wheeler Expedition Photograph of a Group of Paiute Indians Albumen photograph, 11 x 14 in. (sight), of a group of Paiute Indians, photographed by Timothy O’Sullivan, from the 1871 Wheeler Expedition. Framed, 21 x 24.5 in.

The Geographical Survey by Lieutenant George Montague Wheeler intended to create maps and useful information for future military operations, the creation of roads, and potential railways. The survey cataloged natural resources and recorded the locations and populations of Indian tribes. Timothy H. O’Sullivan was a young apprentice to Mathew Brady and joined Brady’s Photographic Corps, managed by Alexander Gardner in Washington DC as a field photographer in 1861. Disgruntled with Brady, O’Sullivan and Gardner left the studio and established their own. In 1870, O’Sullivan joined Commander T.O. Sulfridge and photographed the West. He continued to work as a photographer until he accepted a position in the US Treasury Department. A terrible case of tuberculosis forced him to resign. He died shortly after in Staten Island, NY in 1882. $800 - $1,200

WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography 367 Carl Moon Photographic Advertisement for Stetson Hats Warmly toned silver gelatin print advertising Stetson Hats/ Made to Last a Lifetime, featuring a portrait of an American Indian with a well-worn Stetson cowboy hat atop his head, 7.75 x 9.75 in. (sight), under original mat with gilt imprint of Carl Moon/ 565 N. Mentor Ave./ Pasadena, Cal., and framed, 11.5 x 14.5 in. A fine image produced by Moon and used by the Stetson Hat Company to promote their hat wear.

Carl Moon (1879-1948) became interested in photography and American Indians at an early age. After apprenticing for six years, he opened his own photographic studio in Albuquerque. He was in charge of Fred Harvey’s Headquarters at the Grand Canyon, AZ, and also worked as the official photographer for the Santa Fe Railroad. His highly artistic and sensitive images were exhibited in major museums around the US, and at the invitation of President Theodore Roosevelt, at the White House. Major companies such as Wells Fargo and Stetson Hats also used his photographs for advertising purposes on calendars and logos. $600 - $800

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Newspapers 368 Iapi Oaye. The Word Carrier, Very Rare Sioux Indian Language Newspaper, Complete Run of 12 Monthly Issues, 1875 Iapi Oaye. The Word Carrier, Sioux Indian language newspaper printed by the Dakota Mission, Greenwood, Dakota Territory, during the time of the Sioux Indian War in the Black Hills of Dakota Territory. Volume IV, issues 1-12, each 4pp, 11 x 16 in. The text on pages 1-3 is printed in the Dakota Sioux language, in the Santee dialect. Only the back page of each issue is printed in English. The highlight of this complete run is the April 1875 issue, which features a full back page map titled: “Map of the Indian Reservations.” This is the earliest detailed map in a newspaper showing the locations of the American Indian Reservations in the Western US, from the Mississippi River west to the Pacific Ocean. A complete run of a very rare, early American Indian newspaper. $1,000 - $1,500

369 Territorial Topic, Purcell, Chickasaw Nation, Indian Territory, with Coverage of the Ghost Dance, 1890 Territorial Topic, Purcell, Chickasaw Nation, Indian Territory, in what is present day Oklahoma, November 27, 1890. 8pp, 15 x 22 in. This is an extremely rare Indian Territory newspaper, printed by American Indians, which contains inside page news covering the Ghost Dance Movement at the Pine Ridge Reservation, titled, “The Messiah. The latest in regard to the present Indian Craze.” This “Messiah” movement among the Sioux Indians led directly to the Battle of Wounded Knee that occurred one month later in South Dakota. $700 - $900

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PONY EXPRESS BIBLE 370 Pony Express Bible The Holy Bible, Containing the Old and New Testaments, Translated out of the Original Tongues; and with the former translations diligently compared and revised. New York: American Bible Society, 1857. 18mo, full embossed leather, 1276pp present (of 1278). Stamped on front in gilt letters “Presented by / Russell, Majors & Waddell / 1858.” Dimensions: 4 x 5.75 in. x 2.25 in. thick.

In the Transactions and Reports of the Nebraska State Historical Society (1885: pp 35-37), S. F. Nuckolls described working for the firm of Russell, Majors & Waddell. He notes that they began freighting for the government in 1858 from Nebraska City to Utah, New Mexico and other western military posts with 4,000 teamsters, 3,000 wagons and 30,000 oxen.

The firm was founded by William H. Russell, William B. Waddell and Alexander Majors. The latter had been freighting for the government since before 1854 along the Santa Fe Trail, with moderate success.

Russell and Waddell partnered in a wholesale trading firm in Missouri in 1852. The two firms joined in 1855 to go after the new military supply contact. They did receive a two-year contract to supply all military posts west of the Mississippi, with the main distribution point being Fort Leavenworth. Alexander Majors oversaw his freighters, including hiring and making sure operations ran on time. Even though there was a major initial capital outlay for warehouses, stables, wagon shops, etc., and men needed to be housed, paid, etc. In spite of this, the company made over $300,000 in those first two years.

Their efficiency landed them a contract extension for two more years.

Just a month into the second contract the Utah War erupted and the United States sent a couple thousand troops west to control the Mormons, and Russell, Majors and Waddell contracted to transport millions of pounds of freight to these troops. This sudden expansion required the company to borrow funds. But the war impacted the freight trains, also and the company lost over $125,000 in goods and equipment, nearly bankrupting them, and the Army would not reimburse them (partly because Congress did not like this war and would not fund it). They had no more credit against which to borrow.

William Russell had formed another company hoping to transport gold miners to the Rocky Mountains when gold was found there (but these new immigrants were too poor to pay the cost of a stagecoach and many just walked). However, Russell had used the reputation of Russell, Majors & Waddell to borrow for the set-up of his other venture.

The firm needed new income to cover the debts of both companies.

They hoped picking up government mail routes would do that. It is unknown who came up with the idea of the Pony Express, but Russell, Majors & Waddell were the ones to make it work - for nineteen months, anyway.

Alexander Majors was a religious man, and insisted on gentlemanly, moral behavior. He ordered 300 Bibles from the American Bible Society (and the order shows in ABS’s 45th Annual Report for May 1861). He gave one to each of his teamsters to carry with them on the road, hence these are small books. He also had each man sign a pledge: “I, _____, do hereby swear, before the Great and Living God, that during my engagement, and while I am an employee of Russell, Majors and Waddell, I will, under no circumstances, use profane language, that

I will drink no intoxicating liquors, that I will not quarrel or fight with any other employee of the firm, and that in every respect I will conduct myself honestly, be faithful to my duties, and so direct all my act to win the confidence of my employers, so help me God.” Nuckolls relates the talk Majors gave the men: “I am a moral and religious man, and feel it my duty as a member of society to carry out and enforce so far as possible a wholesome moral influence; therefore I give every employe [sic] one copy of the Holy Bible to defend himself against moral contaminations, and also a pair of Colt’s revolvers and a gun to defend yourselves against warlike Indians; and each of you are required to sign a contract to the effect that while in our employ you will not use profane language, nor get drunk, nor gamble, nor treat animals with cruelty, nor interfere with the rights of citizens or Indians; nor do anything ungentlemanly towards any one; and a violation of this agreement shall make you liable to a discharge and a forfeiture of your wages. We pay the highest prices that are paid for the services that you are now about to engage in, and your good behavior is a part of the value that we receive for what we pay you.”

Majors did provide these 300 Bibles to his employees. It is unknown whether anyone lost their employment because of violations of these rules, but it has been suggested that few of the men took the pledge seriously. The freighters and Pony Express riders had a reputation of being a rough lot.

Since there were only 300 of these Bibles ordered (another shipment was ordered for the Overland Mail crews, but they carry the date 1859), very few survive. A “census” of known Bibles was conducted in 1960, and only 12 institutional copies were located (Heritage Auctions, 2007). Heritage Auctions has listed five since November 2007 (plus May and Oct. 2010, May 2011, Feb. 2012). Another was sold by PBA Galleries in August 2005. But these very seldom come to market. $10,000 - $20,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Autographs & Books 371 Deeds and Documents Related to the Ferdinand Zollinger Family, Providence, Utah Large group of 42+ items related to the Zollinger family of Cache Co., Utah.

Johann[es] Ferdinand Zollinger (sometimes Ferdinand Johannes Zollinger) (1795-1875) was born in Urdorf, Zurich Switzerland. He and his wife, Elizabeth, were farmers, as were many generations of Zollingers since the family moved to the region about 1700, and for centuries previous to that, at least back to 1400. Through neighbors and associated friends and employees, they were exposed to the Church of Jesus Christ of Later-Day Saints. Johannes and Elizabeth traveled to Zurich to meet with Mormon missionaries, and both were baptised in the Limmat River in late November 1861, and their older two sons, Jacob and Ferdinand, Jr. were baptised in December (they had to break the ice on the river to do this).

News was arriving of the Mormon movement to western North America (Utah not yet being a state - and partly the reason it was chosen by the group - to escape government interference and local prejudice). The Zollingers decided to travel there, selling their holdings in Switzerland and starting for the United States at the end of April 1862. They arrived in New York City on the 8th of July, making their way across the northern states through Chicago to Quincy (IL) where they began the river journey to St. Joseph, MO then up the Missouri River to Omaha, NE. There they purchased transportation (oxen and wagons, and everything they could carry) for the journey to Salt Lake.

They left Omaha the first week of August, finally arriving in Salt Lake City on October 31. 35 people in their caravan died on the journey, but the Zollingers would make it intact - Johannes, then 67-yearsold, Elizabeth, and two sons and two daughters (a third daughter remained in Switzerland because she was married, although she would follow later). They were invited to join a group some 80 miles north of SLC in Cache Valley, which they decided to accept, arriving at their final destination in mid-November 1862. Some of the family remain there still. (see Zollinger, Jacob Dennis. www.zollingergenealogy.com/MormonZollingers/ProvidenceUtahZollingers.php) Many of these documents relate to land acquisitions, important to farmers, both by Johannes and his sons, Ferdinand (1829-1912) and his son, Ferdinand, Jr. and Jacob (1844-1942). The first item is a deed for land sold by Brigham Young College to raise operating funds for 40 acres to Ferdinand Zollinger. Since it was an official church-related action, the deed is signed by Brigham (Jr.), Richard and John Young, Moses Thatcher, G.W. Thatcher, William B. Preston and S.M. Molen, Trustees of the University, many of whom held other prestigious positions in the church hierarchy (Moses Thatcher was also a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, Preston was the 4th Presiding Bishop of the church, etc.)

Others include: • Application for Membership in the Society of Daughters of Utah Pioneers for Emeline Zollinger, wife of Ferdinand, 1929 (with genealogical survey) • Appointment of Ferdinand as Constable for Providence Precinct, Cache County, Utah Terr. Signed by Charles Richards, acting Governor • Blessing given by Patriarch O. Z? Liljinquist(?) to Emma Fuhriman (3pp, 7.5 x 12.5 in.), Nov. 20, 1891 (Providence, Cache Co., Utah) • Deed Charles and Sabrin Rammell to Jens Kielsen, 6 jany. 1877 • Deed, Ferdinand and Louisa Zollinger to Ferdinand Zollinger, Jr. 1 Feb. 1894 • Deed, James & Mary Bullock to Ferdinand Zollinger, Jr. 18 Dec. 1893 • Deed, 4 Feb. 1882, Arta Young to Mark Fletcher • Quitclaim Deed, 28 April 1893, James and Mary Bullock to Ferdinand Zollinger • Deed, 8 Jan 1896, Hopkin and Rachel Mathews to Ferdinand Zollinger —- [4 days after territory became a state] • Deed, Ferdinand and Louisa Zollinger to Ferdinand Zollinger, Jr. 8 April 1899

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• Warrantee Deed, William and Julia Budge to Ferdinand Zollinger, Jr., 13 Jan 1900 • Deed from Probate Judge (William Hyde) of Cache County to Ferdinand Zollinger, 15 Dec. 1871.

• Warranty Deed, Jacob and Rosatta Zollinger to Ferdinand Zollinger, 3 Feb. 1906 • Warranty Deed, Jacob and Barbara Miller to Ferdinand Zollinger, Jr., 21 June 1904 • Typed obituary for Ferdinand Zollinger (1866- ) • Warranty Deed, Nephi and Harriett Miller to Ferdinand Zollinger, Jr. 23 Jan 1908 • Warranty Deed, Ferdinand and Emeline Zollinger, to David Leland Zollinger, 1 July 1924 • Warranty Deed, Collins and Ella Fullmer to Ferdinand Zollinger, Jr. 31 Mar 1909 • Warranty Deed, Godfrey and Elizabeth Fuhriman to Providence Canyon Land Company, 30 March 1906 • Warranty Deed, James and Ina Gibbons, Hyrum and Claudia Gibbons and Walter Gibbons to G. Alfred Anderson and Joseph J. Hall, 6 Oct. 1920 • Contract for a Deed, G. Alfred and Amanda Andersen and Joseph and Amanda Hall to Ferdinand Zollinger, 17 June 1925 • Supplemental Agreement, 13 Jan 1932, The Utah Construction Company and Ferdinand Zollinger • Letter from The Utah Construction Company to Ferdinand Zollinger re: material delivered. 16 Dec. 1935 BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

WESTERN AMERICANA | Autographs & Books • Court papers for Estate of Elmer Zollinger, decd. Died intestate and pregnant widow requesting support from the estate.

• Notice from US Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Cache National Forest – costs and rules for grazing livestock on Forest lands. 13 May 1924 • Letter from Utah Construction Co. re: taxes on real estate sold to Ferdinand Zollinger • Warranty Deed, Jacob and Carolina Fuhriman to Ferdinand Zollinger, Jr. 1 April 1914.

• Court Document for Joyce Zollinger, minor child of Elmer Zollinger, decd., claiming 1/3 of his estate, real and personal property • Warranty Deed, Julius and Maryan Jacobsen to Ferdinand Zollinger, Jr. 8 March 1906 • Stock Certificate for Providence Pioneer Irrigation Company, stock # 15 for 5 shares for Ferdinand Zollinger, Jacob Zollinger, President, 15 June 1907 • Warranty Deed, Ferdinand Zollinger, Jr. to Emeline Zollinger, 5 Jan. 1903 • Real Estate contract, 20 Feb. 1937, Utah Construction Company to Ferdinand Zollinger and David Leland Zollinger

• Court Document outlining the sale of real and personal property of Elmer Zollinger for the benefit of minor Joyce Zollinger.

• Deed, Beneficial Life Insurance Company to Jos. H. and Ella Watkins, 29 Jan. 1910 • Contract for a Deed, Joseph and Lydia Watkins to Ferdinand Zollinger, Jr.,21 Sept. 1917 • Agreement to purchase selected lands, Conrad Anhder?, 40 acres grazing land, 21 April 1903 • Agreement to purchase selected lands, Conrad Anhder?, 80 acres grazing land, 30 April 1903 • Warranty Deed, Jacob and Caroline Fuhriman to Ferdinand Zollinger Jr., n.d.

• Empty business envelope from Utah Construction Company to Ferdinand Zollinger, postmarked 2 June 1938 and two cancelled checks to Utah Construction Co., 28 Jan 1936, for 640.00 and 552.50 for interest, and another smaller envelope to Zollinger from the County Treasurer, postmarked 2 June 1937 • One panel of a Warranty deed J.A. Stewart to Ferdinand Zollinger, 8 Mar 1912 • Plus an empty leather folder, “Valuable Papers” on front, 5 x 10.5 in., “Compliments of First National Bank, Logan, UT” $500 - $700

372 The Traveler’s Own Book, by Alfred A. Hart. A Souvenir of Overland Travel, 1870 Hart, Alfred A. The Traveler’s Own Book, by Alfred A. Hart. A Souvenir of Overland Travel, via, The Great and Attractive Route, Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R.R. to Burlington. Union Pacific Railroad to Ogden. Central Pacific Railroad, to Sacramento. Burlington & Missouri River R.R. to Omaha.

Utah Central Railroad to Salt Lake City. Western Pacific Railroad, to San Francisco. Containing Complete Traveler’s Maps of each of the Railroads…

Illustrated by Fine Photo-Chromo Views. Chicago (IL): Horton & Leonard Printers, 1870. Oblong 12mo, gray covered paper boards, 34pp, plus 1 colored plate, 6 fold-out maps.

A scarce guidebook authored by stereo photographer, Alfred Hart, who used his camera to thoroughly document the building of the Central Pacific Railroad and actively promote its touristic endeavors. $600 - $800

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Autographs & Books

373 Brand Book, New Mexico Territory, 1900 Brand Book of the Territory of New Mexico. Issued by the Cattle Sanitary Board of New Mexico. East Las Vegas, NM, July 1, 1900. 8vo, gilt imprinted covers, 356pp (321pp of brands, organized by county, the remainder an alphabetical index). FFEP inscribed B Z McKeys and stamped Compliments of Cattle Sanitary Board of New Mexico. Page edges penciled Grant County NM, and the section on Grant County brands is heavily annotated. $750 - $1,000

WESTERN AMERICANA | Mining 374 Seth Bullock Signed Mining Stock Certificates: Arizota, Eureka, & Tornado Lot of 3, including certificate for 500 shares in the Eureka Mining Company, Deadwood, Dakota Territory, September 3, 1886; a ca late-1880s blank certificate for shares in Tornado Consolidated Gold and Silver Mining & Milling Company, Lead City, Dakota Territory, signed by Bullock but with manuscript cancel; and certificate No. 20 from the Arizota Mining Co., Lead City, SD, for 20,000 shares, December 20, 1909, signed by Bullock as President, with the embossed gold seal at lower left.

Bullock (1847-1919) achieved his fame as the frontier sheriff of Deadwood from 1876-1878, quickly bringing order to the lawless mining town. Later in life he ventured into hardware, mining and ranching, and in 1884 began a lifelong friendship with Teddy Roosevelt. Three fine examples of his signature. $800 - $1,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Mining 375 Rare Corporate Stock Seal Press / Embosser from the New York and Black Hills Gold Mining Company Rare corporate stock seal press / embosser from the first quartz mill established in the Black Hills of the Dakota Territory. Measures 12.25 in.

H. x 6.625 in. L. x 2.375 in. W. with a 2 in. dia. seal.

Similar to the Gold Rush in California, the discovery of gold on sacred Sioux lands in the Black Hills, SD resulted in a flood of new settlers.

Threatened by the influx of white men, the Sioux began to attack miners and their camps. On June 25-26, 1876 Sitting Bull and an army of American Indians met General Custer’s at Little Bighorn. Custer and 267 men died and lost. The battle did not stop the miners or businesses from establishing in the area. One company was The Black Hills Gold Mining Company.

Jabez Chase and a group of men formed The Black Hills Gold Mining Company in Cheyenne, WY, and established the very first Quartz Mill on October 7th, 1876. Two of their earliest mines were The Hidden Treasure & Esmeralda Mines. In order to receive more investors from the East, the company re-named itself the New York and Black Hills Gold Mining Company. The seal reads: New York and Black Hills Gold Mining Company around perimeter, and Corporate Seal at center. $600 - $800

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Early Photography

376 Fine Sixth Plate Daguerreotype of a Young Squirrel Hunter and his Dog Fantastic sixth plate daguerreotype portrait of a boy posed in a studio setting, his dog resting by his side. He holds a double barrel percussion shotgun with back-action percussion locks in his right hand as well as a squirrel that he shot. Housed in a floral/geometric Union case. $600 - $800

377 Sixth Plate Daguerreotype of a Heavily Armed Man in Cincinnati Sixth plate daguerreotype housed in a floral leather case with the imprinted pad of T. Faris Melodeon Gallery, Cincinnati. The man wears a beard and hat and holds revolving rifle in one hand, a very large knife in the other, and has another knife, a revolver, and possibly a derringer in his belt. Seeing as the image was made in Cincinnati in the late 1840s-1850s, it is possible that one or both of the knives could be a famed Marks & Rees Bowie knife. $600 - $800

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Early Photography

378 CDV of Western Mountain Man Armed with 1866 Winchester Rifle Full standing, studio view of an unidentified mountain man holding a Model 1866 Winchester rifle, ink inscribed on mount below portrait, Relics of the hard winter of 1874-75. Credited to McFadden, Laramie City, located in Wyoming Territory. $600 - $800

379 Cabinet Card of Armed White Man Standing Over a Dead American Indian Outdoor cabinet photograph of a mustached man, with his dog at his side, proudly standing with rifle in hand over the body of an American Indian who appears to be wounded, dead, or possibly acting. Credited on mount to Irwin and Mankins, Chickasha, Indian Territory. Irwin worked as a photographer in the Indian Territory for many years before moving to Arizona to operate a studio. $300 - $500

380 Rare Eadweard Muybridge Stereroviews, No. 305 - Central Pacific R.R. Ferry, Davis St.(San Francisco), Plus Lot of 2 stereoviews by Eadweard Muybridge, San Francisco, including a very rare view, copyright 1869, with inked titled in the recto margin No. 305 - Central Pacific RR Ferry, Davis St. The view shows the ticket office on Davis Street in the Embarcadero, San Francisco, with a large sign advertising the ferry connection across the bay to San Jose, Stockton, and Sacramento, and from Sacramento to Chicago and New York via the CPRR. The neighboring ticket office is for the Alameda Steamer and WPRR, and broadsides on the fence advertise a civic ball for the Fenian Brotherhood on St. Patrick’s Day at Union Hall, and a performance by Zavistowski at Alhambra Hall, coffee, and more. Also view No. 752: Bear River Crossing near Corinne, looking east., showing the nearly-completed trestle, with tools in the foreground. $300 - $500

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Early Photography | Texas

381 CDV of the Alamo, ca 1860s Ca 1860s albumen carte de visite of the Alamo in San Antonio, TX, with three men and a wagon team out front.

Uncredited. $400 - $600

382 Texas Carte de Visite Collection, Incl. View of Market Street, Galveston, 1867 Lot of 7 CDVs, all but one credited to Henry Doerr, Photographer, San Antonio, Texas. The unmarked carte provides a view of Market Street in Galveston, taken around the time of the flood in October 1867, as per penciled inscription on verso. Accompanied by five portraits of unidentified men, women, and children taken in Doerr’s San Antonio studio, one showing a group of three Texans that may be wearing matching shirts, possibly uniform shirts, two with revolvers tucked in their holsters. The sixth photo by Doerr is an outdoor view of a bearded man seated on horseback. $700 - $900

WESTERN AMERICANA | Early Photography | Homesteaders 383 Kansas Homesteaders, Two Exceptional CDVs Lot of 2 albumen CDVs, both with the verso imprint of photographer M.A. Kleckner, Osborne City, KS. One with the ink inscription Kansas Stone Dugout, showing a woman and son sitting in front of their sodcovered home, the other inked Kansas Log Cabin, showing a family of seven, the men posed with their rifles, skinned game hanging from the front of the cabin, and large squash or melon sitting on the sod roof. $500 - $700

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Early Photography | Homesteaders 384 Guthrie, Oklahoma, One Month After the Land Rush, Boudoir Card Photograph Silver gelatin photograph on a blank brown boudoir card mount, the image titled in the negative Oklahoma Ave, May 22. The only other example we were able to find is in the collection of the University of Oklahoma, which identifies the location as Guthrie, OK, exactly one month after the Land Rush of 1889. Guthrie was nothing but a railroad supply station on the morning of April 22, but had a population of roughly 10,000 by the end of the day. It was designated the territorial capital and served as the state capital from Oklahoma’s admission to the union on 1907 until 1910. The image offered here shows a mix of permanent buildings and tents, with several fledgling businesses identifiable by their signs, including W.H. McClure Co. Real Estate & Insurance, a lawyer, a grocer, and an ice cream shop. $200 - $300

385 1893 Oklahoma Land Rush on the Cherokee Strip, Two Boudoir Photographs Lot of 2, both warm-toned silver gelatin prints on 6 x 8.75 in. mounts with manuscript titles: “One Minute Before the Start” Sep. 16th 1893 and N.W. cor “Chilloco Reserve Sept. 16th 1893. The former with verso hand stamp of photographer L.D. Hodge, Arkansas City, KS, and the latter known to be from a negative made by W.S. Prettyman, also of Arkansas City.

These historic images document the “rush” for new homesteads in the 225 mile long, 58 mile wide “Cherokee Strip” between southern Kansas and Oklahoma Territory. Sold by the Cherokee to the government, by the time of the opening, more than 100,000 people gathered on the border, nearly 30,000 alone around Arkansas City. At noon on the 16th, the homesteaders, most mounted on horseback, but others on foot and in wagons, “boomed” across the border to secured prime claims. $1,000 - $1,500

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Early Photography | Cowboys 386 Cabinet Cards of Armed Cowboys from Kansas Lot of 4 cabinet cards, including one by Wolf, Garden City, KS, of a man in a necktie and hat wearing chaps and cartridge belt, armed with two revolvers, a rifle, a large knife, and a bullwhip; one by Colvin, Columbus, KS, of two men posed with Winchesters and with pistols in their waistbands; one by Burgener, Harper, KS, of a seated cowboy with a holstered revolver; and one by Armantrout, Anthony, KS, of a man posed with a lasso and with a pistol in his belt. $1,000 - $1,500

387 Rare Photographs of an Armed Chinese Cowboy Lot of 2 photographs of the same man, one a silver gelatin studio cabinet card with the recto imprint of A. Miller, and one an outdoor boudoir card (5.25 x 8 in.) lacking any imprint. Both lack identification of the subject, who wears Cowboy clothing and appears to be of Chinese descent. He is armed with an 1886 Winchester rifle, Smith & Wesson double-action revolver, and 45-70 cartridge belt. Both photographs descended in the family of William Wallace Chapel (1839-1922), who operated a trading post and served as postmaster at San Carlos, Gila County, Arizona Territory, ca 1886-1890.

According to Chapel’s granddaughter, the subject of the photos was a scout at San Carlos. $1,000 - $1,500

388 Prairie Gun Club of Columbus, Nebraska, Mounted Photograph Ca early 1900s silver gelatin photograph by unknown photographer, 7.5 x 9.5 in., on 10 x 12 in. mount with printed paper label of the Prairie Gun Club, Columbus, Nebraska, including the names of each man. Nine of the ten men in the photo hold side-by-side shotguns while the other holds a Model 1897 Winchester. $300 - $500

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Artists 389 Frederic Remington ALS to George Albee, CMOH, Regarding Repairing his Winchester Remington, Frederic Sackrider (1861-1909). ALS, 2pp, 7 x 9 in., New Rochelle. August 27, [1895].

Signed Frederic Remington. To George E. Albee, at the time a representative for Winchester.

Remington writes: My dear Albee, I am going West (New Mexico) hunting 15 next month - and while my Winchester is all right - it is not sighted true enough forward and besides it has been traveled about until it needs re-sighting - if I will send it up to you - will you have a true forward sight put on it. He draws the current sight and the sight he wants. He then inquires as to the best rifle case to carry it in.

He goes on to tell Albee that he visited the PA National Guard and was impressed with their discipline (strictest discipline I ever saw outside of Germany). His postscript is amusing: I have written long article (imaginary situation) about the 1st U.S. Cycle Infantry - Harpers Weekly. Thanks to you Signal Corps & Giddings. Remington’s article, “The Colonel of the First Cycle Infantry,” appeared in the May 18, 1895 issue of Harper’s Weekly.

Remington was an artist who became famous as illustrator and later sculptor of Western themes. Born in Canton, NY, he was a cousin of Eliphalet Remington, founder of Remington Arms Co. Born just at the outset of the Civil War, he saw little of his father, a colonel in the US Army, during his first four years of life. His father had ambitions for his son to enter USMA, and Frederic attended military schools for his secondary education.

He had little interest in this career path, or any other career path, for that matter. He could envision a career in journalism, and did attend the Yale University art school. He preferred sports to drawing still objects, although he was not very good at sports, either. He made his first trip west at the age of 19, hoping to buy a ranch or mining operation. He could not afford either, but he observed the still-open prairie, though its native wildlife (such as buffalo) were fast disappearing, the last Indian-Army conflicts, the cowboys and more.

He hunted grizzly bears in New Mexico.

Remington later did buy a ranch, but sold it after a year. He engaged in several other ventures, but it still took a few years before he realized he could make a living at art, and he had a real talent. He also had seen more of the “real West” than many other contemporary artists.

And Remington communicated with many of the principal players, including military men. He made portraits of the officers in particular, men such as General Nelson Miles.

Harper’s sent him to Arizona in 1886, early in his career, to cover the war against the Apaches. Remington never saw Apaches, but did acquire artifacts he later used in photos and sketches. And although early sketches were in black-and-white, he made notes about colors he saw, using these when he moved into watercolor.

The following year he was commissioned to illustrate a book by Theodore Roosevelt, an association that would last a lifetime. During the Spanish American War the reality of warfare set in. He witnessed the assault on San Juan Hill, but his reports and illustrations focused on the troops more than the generals. Remington’s career continued to evolve, as he added sculpture and other themes. But tastes were changing, and the West was not as popular as around the turn of the century.

Remington’s influence on American art cannot be overstated. From themes and subjects to techniques, he still continues to influence American art. He was one of the first, for example, to correctly illustrate the gait of a horse (later validated by Muybridge).

George Emerson Albee (1845-1918) was a native of New Hampshire.

He enlisted in the 1st US Sharpshooters in June 1862 - barely 17 years of age (was he one of many who “stretched the truth” about their 204

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age when they enlisted?). He was wounded at Second Manassas and discharged for disability while recovering. He enlisted in the Wisconsin 3rd Light Artillery in late 1863, and was shortly discharged for promotion to the 36th WI Infy. He mustered out of volunteer service in June 1865, and was commissioned into the 36th USCT. He had later service in the 41st and 24th US Infantry, retiring in 1878, although he served in the Connecticut National Guard. Remington makes reference to Albee’s Connecticut National Guard unit in the letter.

His second career was as a representative for Winchester Arms. He gave sharpshooting demonstrations and made design suggestions for the company. He also published short articles based on his Indian Wars journal.

Albee was awarded the Medal of Honor in 1894 for actions at Brazos River, TX on October 28, 1869. According to the citation, he and two other men fought off 11 Indians, driving them from the hills and reconnoitering the country beyond.

It is not certain where Albee and Remington met, but their paths could have crossed any number of points - writing, shooting, Indian Wars veterans’ events, etc. $1,500 - $2,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Artists 390 Western Artist Charlie Russell Photograph Anonymous silver gelatin portrait of Charlie Russell in his later years, 13.75 x 17.75 in., matted and housed in a bat-wing style gilt and gesso frame, 21 x 25 in.

Charles Russell (1864-1926) was as famous for his personal character as he was for his artistic career. A simple and modest man, he left the Midwest to pursue a life on the frontier. While residing primarily in Montana for the remainder of his life, Russell, or “Cowboy Charlie,” went on to become the state’s favorite son and achieve great renown for his depictions of the American West. $1,000 - $2,000

WESTERN AMERICANA | Photography | Texas Rangers

391 Published Tintype of Three Armed Texans CDV-sized tintype trimmed into an arch across the top edge, with period paper backing penciled Hattie Walker / Menardville, Texas. The two seated men wear similar hats and display Colt revolvers, while the standing man holds a Remington and wears a cartridge belt.

This tintype has been published in both Lee Silva’s book Wyatt Earp: A Biography of the Legend, Vol. II (p. 379) and in the Wyatt Earp episode of the PBS television documentary series American Experience to illustrate the type of outlaws Earp was faced with. It has been alternatively suggested however, that the trio are possible Texas Rangers, as there was a recruiting station on the San Saba River, not far from Menardville (now Menard). This is noted by James B. Gillett in his book Six Years with the Texas Rangers: 1875 to 1881, which accompanies the lot. $600 - $800

392 Joseph Walter Durbin, Texas Rangers, Cabinet Card, 1888 Albumen cabinet card on an uncredited brown mount showing Durbin posed next to his horse, armed with a rifle in the saddle and an ivory-handled revolver and large knife hanging from his cartridge belt. A previous collector has written his name on the verso in modern ink. Slight wear to edges of card. The following is written on verso, J. W. Durbin and Horse / Rio Grande City, Tex / Nov. 10 - 1888.

Joseph Walter Durbin (1860-1916) served in Captain Frank Jones’ Company D, Frontier Battalion, and was elected sheriff of Frio County, TX. Records indicate the photograph descended directly in the Durbin family and through the collections of Robert W. Stephens and George Jackson to the consignor. $6,000 - $8,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Photography | Texas Rangers 393 Texas Ranger Sergeant Ira Aten, Cabinet Card, 1889 Cabinet card of Texas ranger, Sergeant Ira Aten posed with a rifle, revolver, and ammunition belt. Taken by S. Goyd(?) in Round Rock, TX, ca 1889.

Son of a Methodist minister, Ira Aten had a desire to right wrongs and to send some outlaws to meet their maker. After witnessing the murder of Sam Bass, he enlisted as a ranger and was assigned to Company D under Captain Lamar P. Sieker. He served six years as a ranger and became sheriff of Castro County in 1893. In two years he assembled a ranch police force of approximately twenty armed cowboys in the area. He left Texas for California with his family in 1904.

At the end of his life in 1953 papers named him the “last of the old Texas Rangers.” $3,000 - $5,000

WESTERN AMERICANA | Outlaws & Lawmen 394 Judge Roy Bean, “The Law West of the Pecos,” Triple Signed Arrest Warrant for Attempted Murder Partially printed document signed THREE times by Judge Roy Bean (1825-1903), 7 x 8.25 in., a State of Texas Warrant of Arrest, dated September 23, 1889, Val Verde County, TX, ordering the arrest of Royal B. Trent for the crime of “assault with intent to kill by firing two shots at Wm. Cox.” Notation on verso with two additional signatures, one deputizing A.T. Forest to serve the warrant and one attesting to Mr. Forest executing it by bringing Mr. Trent to court just four days later on September 27. The document is housed in a fine, custom-made hardcover with half morocco leather, marbleized boards, gilt lettering, and a copy photograph of Bean’s store/office.

Roy Bean is one of the legendary characters of the West, at various times in his life the criminal, at others the judge. Born in Mason County, KY about 1825, as a young man he headed west to join his brothers, one in California, the other in New Mexico. After various adventures, including shooting a man in a duel, driving slaves to New Orleans for sale, selling stolen firewood and watered down milk, and more, he headed for Texas. He eventually ended up blockade running for the Confederacy, moving cotton between San Antonio and Matamoras, Mexico, and bringing supplies back. By the late 1870s he was operating a saloon in Beanville. As the railroads moved West, so did Bean, setting up saloons near construction camps, until finally settling at a site 20 miles west of the Pecos River in 1882. Although it had been named Langtry after George Langtry, an engineer with the railroad, Bean had seen a photo of Lillie Langtry, a British actress (from Jersey), and was so smitten he named his new saloon “The Jersey Lilly” and insisted that the town was named for her. The eccentric proprietor of the combination saloon/courthouse came to be known as “The Law West of the Pecos.” $1,500 - $2,500

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Outlaws & Lawmen 395 Judge Isaac Parker, “The Hanging Judge,” Two Signed Oaths of Office Lot of 2 oaths of office for US Marshals for the Western District of Arkansas, namely John Strozier and Robert Cox, dated January 17 and May 14, 1890, respectively, both signed by Ic Parker as Judge of the US Dist. Court, West. Dist. Ark. Born in Ohio, Isaac Charles Parker (1838-1896) moved to St. Joseph, MO shortly after graduating from law school. In 1868 he was appointed judge in St. Joseph, and two years later was elected to Congress. He ended his political career in 1875 and was immediately appointed as a Federal Judge in the Western District of Arkansas, which was unique in that it included much of Indian Territory. Parker determined to bring law and order to the region, and told the US Marshal to bring in 200 additional deputies to round up every criminal they could locate. During his over two decades on the bench, Parker sentenced 168 men and four women to hang, although pardons and appeals mitigated many of these sentences. (Parker’s hired executioner reportedly was a sadistic German, who possibly would have been a criminal himself had he not held this post. He enjoyed his job a bit too much.)

Although many history books refer to him by the “Hanging Judge” moniker, judges do not decide guilt - a jury does. Reportedly Parker was against capital punishment. But this was the “wild west,”and juries could well be making a point for other criminals to take notice.

Parker’s court was supposed to be in session four times per year, but there were so many cases the sessions ran together. He ended up holding court six days a week, sometimes for 10 hours a day, to handle the caseload. Parker is known to have granted many men new trials if there was any doubt about guilt. He often commuted death sentences to life in prison in cases where an individual was very young, or had other “redeeming characteristics.” So the reputation he has earned over the years is a bit unfair. He was a hard-working and fair judge committed to upholding the law, not making it. $800 - $1,000

396 Luke & Wheeler Cabinet Card of the Hanging of Gilbert & Rosengrants at Leadville, CO, 1881 Cabinet photograph capturing the execution of Francis Gilbert and Merrick Rosengrants at Leadville, CO in 1881. A distant view of the hanging, showing a gallows surrounded by crowds of spectators, wagons, and buggies. On mount with imprint, Luke & Wheeler’s Rocky Mountain Views.

Hangings were a public spectacle in the 1880s and the use of a new double “twitch-up” gallows attracted a crowd of over ten thousand people to Leadville, CO. The gallows used a weight for each man instead of the typical one-weight system. It also “jerked [men] to Jesus!” seven feet above the platform instead of by a trap door mechanism. The men sentenced to hang the morning of June 15, 1881 were Francis Gilbert, a coal pit owner who drunkenly stabbed and shot a man over debts defaulted by another man, and Merrick Rosengrants, a mill-owner and miner with a crippled leg who killed a man after failing to rob him. When the trigger released and the nooses cracked, Gilbert’s neck snapped instantly while Rosengrants languished for thirteen minutes until he died of suffocation. $500 - $700

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397 Jesse James in Death, CDV by R. Uhlman Rare postmortem CDV by R. Uhlman, St. Joseph, MO. When Jesse James was killed by Robert Ford in St. Joseph on April 3, 1882, an immediate opportunity opened for enterprising local photographers such as Uhlman to capture the famous outlaw after death. $1,000 - $1,500

398 Frank James, Rare Photograph Silver gelatin portrait of Frank James titled and copyrighted 1898 in the negative, 3.75 x 5.5 in., on 5.25 x 7.25 in. mount with studio imprint of Guerin, St. Louis.

A fine image of an aged Frank James (1843-1915), who by this time was living on the family farm in Kearney, MO, making a living by starting horse races at various county fairs around the Midwest and South, and giving tours of the James homestead. $2,000 - $3,000

399 Frank James, Letter from the Governor’s Office to James’ Wife Regarding Frank Turning Himself In 2pp, on State of Missouri Executive Department letterhead, dated at Jefferson City, June 2, 1883, written at the direction of Governor Crittenden by his private secretary F.C. Farr, addressed to Mrs. Frank James, Independence, MO, in response to a letter she had written to the governor, presumably requesting leniency if her husband were to turn himself in. Mrs. James is told that her request will be considered only if she comes to Jefferson City to meet with the governor in person. She is also instructed to confer with Captain H.H. Craig of Kansas City, who is described as reliable and trustworthy and incapable of violating any confidence [she] may see proper to [place] in him. $1,000 - $2,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Outlaws & Lawmen

400 Rare John Wesley Hardin Signed and Shot-Through Playing Card A king of spades playing card shot through five times, signed J.W. Hardin in the right margin and dated July 4 ‘95 in the lower margin. The handful of other known examples appear to be from the same deck and singed on the same date (or 8-4-95 which may have just been a mistake numbering the month on Hardin’s part), just a month and a half before Hardin was killed in the Acme Saloon in El Paso, TX. The gunslinger was part owner of the bar and gambling venue and he reportedly signed these cards for patrons as a souvenir of a shooting demonstration he put on for the Fourth of July. Card is accompanied by signed statements from two previous owners, including distinguished collector Craig A. Fouts.

John Wesley Hardin (1853-1895) was one of Texas’ most notorious killers, admitting in his own autobiography to the murder of 27 men (others credit him with killing as many as 40). He was continuously in

and out of trouble, and gained the reputation of a stone cold killer, though primarily of similar ne’er-do-wells. In 1874, after joining a cattle drive up the Chisholm Trail, he killed Charles Webb, deputy sheriff of Brown County. The killing of a lawman increased the authorities interest in Hardin, and after bouncing around Texas, he fled the state for Florida. He was arrested peacefully by the Texas Rangers at Pensacola on July 23, 1877. Extradited to Texas, Hardin was tried for the murder of Webb and sentenced to 25 years in the penitentiary.

During his internment, Hardin read widely and became deeply religious. When he was pardoned in 1895 he became involved in politics and law, eventually taking up practice in El Paso. Bad habits were hard to break, however, and he eventually turned to his old ways. On August 19, 1895, he was shot in the back of the head by John Selman, standing at R.B. Stephen’s “Acme Bar” in El Paso. $6,000 - $8,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Outlaws & Lawmen 401 John Wesley Hardin Grouping, Including Business Card, Poker Chips, Die, and Autobiography Lot includes Hardin’s business card from his time as an attorney in El Paso; three poker chips and a six-sided die/drink token from the Acme Saloon, which Hardin frequented, owned a share of, and where he was killed playing dice; and a copy of his autobiography, The Life of John Wesley Hardin (Seguin, Texas: Smith & Moore, 1896). $3,000 - $5,000

402 Criminal Complaint and Subpoena Issued to John Wesley Hardin for “Betting at a Table and Game Played with Dice” Lot of 2 Texas legal documents including Criminal Complaint No. 1141, State of Texas vs. John W. Hardin, filed May 11, 1895, for the offense of “Betting at a table and game played with dice”, and a Criminal Subpoena, No. 1136, issued May 16, 1895, commanding the sheriff or any constable of El Paso County to summon six men to testify in a case against Hardin. The criminal complaint was filed by an R.B. Bias and specifies the dice game as craps. The subpoena notes that only four of the six men were able to be found. $800 - $1,200

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Outlaws & Lawmen 403 Miner County Democrat, Howard, South Dakota, August 1895, with First Report on Killing of John Wesley Hardin Miner County Democrat, Howard, South Dakota, August 24, 1895. 6pp, 14.5 x 21.5 in. A rare, early South Dakota newspaper with a prominent front page heading, He is No Longer A Terror, with the a first report of the killing of western outlaw John Wesley Hardin in El Paso, TX, by John Selman.

It is difficult to find a contemporary newspaper such as this featuring a prominent, front page report describing the shooting death of Hardin. $500 - $700

404 Scarce Business Card from Wyatt Earp’s Dexter Saloon, Nome, Alaska, Business card from the Dexter Saloon in Nome, Alaska, printed with the names of proprietors Wyatt Earp and Charles Ellsworth Hoxsie, 2.5 x 4 in.

Earp, who had operated a number of successful saloons after leaving Tombstone, opened the Dexter Saloon in Nome in the fall of 1899. It was Nome’s first two-story building and its largest saloon, and became a sort of de facto town hall and gathering place due to its large size. Earp left Nome in 1901 with over $80,000 in profit. $400 - $600

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NOVEMBER 18, 2016 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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MEXICAN REVOLUTION ALBUM OF PRESS PHOTOGRAPHS

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MEXICAN REVOLUTION ALBUM OF PRESS PHOTOGRAPHS

405 Mexican Revolution, Incredible Album of Press Photographs Album containing 160 photographs documenting the Mexican Revolution, ca 1910-1920, from the end of the reign of Porfirio Diaz to the inauguration of General Alvaro Obregon. Album measures, 15 x 19 in., most pages with three or four 5 x 7 in. photographs, all accompanied by printed captions on the album pages. Most are period copy photos, but a few appear to be possibly postcard or other professionally produced images.

The album begins with images of Diaz and President William Howard Taft meeting at El Paso in 1910. Then followed by Diaz’ flight from the city. Image 12 shows him just before his departure by ship. Images 13 - 18 cover the interim President and candidates - Francisco Madero, De la Barra, and Bernardo Reyes. Image 19 shows Madero meeting with Yaqui chiefs. Image 24 shows a group of revolutionaries signing up to fight against Madero, in part over the choice of Vice President.

Image 25, labeled General Genovevo de la O - Gen. Revolutionist against anyone, and the following capture Reyes and Madero together.

These are followed by images of the National Palace and a lengthy explanation: Few moments after this opening guns of the February 9, 1913 Tragic ten days reign of terror – 507 were killed during the first twenty minutes beginning at 8:30 A.M. Sunday – Maching [sic - machine] gun fire from Palace doors and windows – General Reyes opened the rebellion by leading troops on the Palace and here met his death – Many civilians were killed at same time – Reyes had, he thought, arranged for surrender of Madero’s troops and therefor[e] marched his column openly and directly to the Palace but Madero troops remained loyal and met Reyes with guns.

The following photographs show people dead in the streets: Number 30 - National Arsenal – photo from roof of Y.M.C.A. – Arsenal figured in Feb. 9th strategy – Attacked and taken by Felix Diaz and Gen. Manuel Mondregon at same time that Reyes marched against the Palace – While Reyes sorty failed, the Arsenal was captured and successfully held during the ten days siege and thereafter by the successful Revolutionists – Using Arsenal as a base, 6000 Revolutionists with cannon, machine guns and rifle fire turned Mexico City into a shambles for ten days.

A number of photos follow with details of the February 9th action, including people fleeing and deserted streets. The album contains several gruesome images of the dead being buried or cremated, sometimes in large bonfires, as well as views of many buildings with cannon damage.

A noteworthy photo is image 58, captioned: Group which overthrew Madero - Gen’l Mondregon - Victoriano Huerta who fought by Madero’s side for nine days and turned traitor to him on the tenth, arresting Madero - Felix Diaz who started the uprising. This is accompanied by photos of Madero’s shirt after assassination, the celebratory banquet, and the coffin.

After these events, the entire Congress was imprisoned by Huerta, and several images show the men killing time in prison. President Wilson sent an unofficial emissary to meet Huerta at Vera Cruz, and several photos of this meeting follow.

Image 76 shows Generals Alvaro Obregon, Francisco Villa and John Pershing - Taken at El Paso, Texas, 1914. American troops landed at Vera Cruz, and occupied that city after the fall of Huerta. Then the Carranzistas fought the Zapatistas. Yaqui Indians served as guards of Carranza’s Palace. Francisco Villa then joined forces with the Zapatistas and another revolution was underway. A number of images show these leaders, before they were driven out by returning Carranzistas, after the capital was taken and retaken six times between November 1914 and August 1915. This, of course, disrupted the infrastructure and food and money were scarce, as each new regime printed their own currency, triggering protests in the streets. There were bread lines, but many thousands still died of starvation. A later series of photos in the album shows citizens being executed who took to falsifying currency because there was no access to money. The next series of images covers the next Carranza government and Congress (Chamber of Deputies).

Image 123 shows destruction in Columbus, New Mexico caused by “Pancho” Villa, followed by images of prisoners and American dead after the raid. Then follows a series of photos of executions, lynchings, and other inhumanity.

Again, the Carranza government was overthrown and images show General Alvaro Obregon, Pablo Gonzales, and other military leaders responsible for this. One of the last images captures Emilio Zapata after his execution.

The last three pages contain 12 photographs of the primary “players” in this drama: General Porfirio Diaz, Francisco de la Barra; Francisco Madero; Don Pedro Lascurian (“President for 36 minutes only preceding Huerta assumption of the office”), General Victoriano Huerta; Francisco Carbajal; Eulalio Gutierez; Francisco Lagos Chazaro; Roque Gonzales Carza (these three with very short presidencies); General Venustiano Carranza; Adolfo de la Huerta; General Alvaro Obregon (inaugurated December 1, 1920).

This decade-long revolution began in opposition to the 35-year regime of Diaz, and transformed Mexican culture. There were many regional outbreaks and causes, but it ultimately involved the entire nation. The historic and tumultuous period of time is welldocumented through this exceptional album of 160 captioned photographs. $3,000 - $5,000

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406 Outstanding Sixth Plate Tintype of a Young Buffalo Bill Cody Posed with Guns and Game Published in Wilson & Martin’s Buffalo Bill’s Wild West: An American Legend (p. 9), where it is described as believed to have been taken at Fort McPherson, Nebraska, ca 1871, and illustrates Cody’s flair for showmanship even before he became a performer.

Accompanied by a copy of a letter from noted collector Herb Peck, a long time owner of the image, with response by Norm Flayderman, regarding ownership of a revolver seen in the photograph. $5,000 - $10,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows | Buffalo Bill

407 Buffalo Bill With Rifle, Stereoview by Eaton, Omaha, Nebraska Stereoview showing a seated William F. Cody cradling his long range Creedmore rifle used for buffalo hunting. He is dressed in buckskins, with his jacket trimmed in buffalo fur. Although lacking a studio imprint, this view was published by E.L. Eaton, Omaha, NE. Ca 1870s. $800 - $1,000

408 Buffalo Bill CDVs by Sarony Lot of 2 early albumen CDVs of William F. “Buffalo Bill” Cody in suit and overcoat, one showing him wearing a black broad brimmed hat, each credited to Sarony of New York and taken during the same sitting. Ca early 1870s. $2,000 - $3,000

409 Imperial Photograph of Gabriel Dumont, John Burke and Other Buffalo Bill Wild West Staff Albumen photograph of staff members and performers of the Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show, ca 1886 season, with Gabriel Dumont seated at center, show manager Major John M. Burke seated at right, and Frank Grouard among the others. Albumen measures 6.75 x 7.75 in., on 8 x 10 in. mount. Verso imprint of photographer Demers & Son, Holyoke, MA. Dumont (1837-1908) is best known as a leader of the Metis, a mixed Indian/French peoples of Western Canada. Along with Louis Riel, Dumont was a principal character in the struggle of the Metis with the Canadian Government in their efforts to gain control of their destiny. In 1885 Dumont was named “adjutant General of the Metis people” during the so-called “Northwest Rebellion.” When the rebellion was quelled by the government, Dumont fled to the United States and joined Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show for the 1886 season and returned to Canada in 1889 where he lived on his old homestead until his death.

Major John M. Burke (1842-1917) was an orphaned New Yorker who served in the United States Army in the West as a scout.

Contrary to the legend he created, Burke met Cody in 1873 while serving as manager for the Italian actress Giuseppina Morlacchi, not while serving in the West. Cody and Burke entered into show business together in 1883. Burke acted as the general manager of Buffalo Bill’s “Wild West” and cultivated Cody’s public image for over 34 years.

Frank Grouard was a valuable scout and interpreter for General Crook during the American Indian War of 1876. He participated in the Little Bighorn Campaign, the Battle of the Rosebud, the Battle of Slim Buttes, and the Wounded Knee Massacre. He met Cody on the Big Horn and Yellowstone Expedition of 1876 and managed Cody’s horses in his Wild West show until his death in 1905. $2,000 - $3,000

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410 Collection of Buffalo Bill’s Wild Show Cabinet Cards, Incl. Cody, Sitting Bull, Buntline, et al.

Lot of 12 cabinet cards and mounted photographs of Buffalo Bill Cody, his Wild West Show performers, and staff, including: cabinet card of Ned Buntline, Texas Jack, and Buffalo Bill, with Washburn, New Orleans imprint on mount, ca 1870s; cabinet card of Sitting Bull and Cody posed together, credited to Wm. Notman & Sons, Montreal, ca 1885; cabinet card of Sitting Bull also credited to Wm. Notman & Sons, ca 1885; cabinet card of Cody on his horse, with imprint of Grabill’s Chicago Portrait & View Company; four cabinet cards featuring studio portraits of Cody; two cabinet cards of Nathan Salsbury, ca 1891 and 1894; a mounted photograph of Salsbury, ca 1894, 9.5 x 7 in.; and a small 3.5 x 3.5 in. mounted photograph of Salsbury, his wife, and child posed with Buffalo Bill outside a tent.

Most of the images have inscriptions on the reverse indicating that they are from the personal collection of Nathan “Nate” Salsbury, manager and producer of Buffalo Bill’s Wild West from 1884 until his death in 1902. The annotations report that the images were acquired from Salsbury’s family from 1936 to 1938. On the reverse of the smallest image, his daughter, Rebecca Salsbury James, gifts the photograph to Jim Avery on Thanksgiving 1937.

Orphaned before reaching age fifteen, Nathan “Nate” Salsbury (18461902) left his stepfather’s home by enlisting in the Army during the Civil War. He served in the 89th and 59th Illinois regiments and was

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wounded three times. After returning home, he began performing and writing plays and organized a successful acting company, Salsbury Troubadors, in 1875. In 1884, he joined Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show as a manager, producer, and co-owner. He was a greatly valued member of the staff until his death in 1902.

Consignor relates that this collection was purchased from Dorothy Sloan-Rare Books, Austin, TX. $4,000 - $6,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows | Buffalo Bill 411 Buffalo Bill Cody’s “Key to the City” of Manchester, England, Presented in 1887 Metal alloy key engraved on both sides, Presented to Buffalo Bill Cody 1887/ From The City of Manchester England. Housed in a fitted velvetlined case.

Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show made its first overseas trip to England in 1887, where the show set up in London and served as the unofficial American delegation to Queen Victoria’s Golden Jubilee that summer.

The queen attended two shows and the American press reported that she stood and bowed when Cody rode up to the royal box and presented the American flag — supposedly the first time a British monarch so honored the Stars and Stripes. The show was a sensation, covered daily in the British press, and it was clear that public demand was not sated after nearly six months in London. Since they had already gone through the trouble of bringing the hundreds of performers and staff — as well as dozens of horse and buffalo — across the Atlantic, Cody and his general manager decided they might as well stay the winter. They arranged for construction of a 10,000 seat arena in the Salford neighborhood of Manchester, and performed in Birmingham for most of November while it was under construction.

The Manchester arena opened on December 14 with a performance attended by the Mayor of Manchester and hundreds of other dignitaries and special guests. Press reports describe a special presentation in Cody’s honor, which likely included the presentation of the key offered here. The show played the Manchester arena nearly daily until the spring of 1888 and the tent and tepee camp beside it became an integral part of the city, the influence of which is evidenced by surviving street names such as Buffalo Court, Cody Court, and Dakota Avenue. When the show finally packed up on May 1st, a Manchester reporter summed up Cody’s visit by referencing Julius Caesar: “Buffalo Bill has come, we have seen, and he has conquered.” $6,000 - $8,000

412 Buffalo Bill Cody Woodburytype Cabinet Card Fine Woodburytype cabinet card portrait of Cody wearing his trademark Stetson and a fringed buckskin jacket with beaded trim.

This image, taken during Buffalo Bill’s 1887 tour of England and Europe, was one of a number made of Cody and other performers using the Woodburytype process. These images received relatively limited distribution in the United States, and, as a consequence, are today fairly uncommon. $500 - $700

Details

413 Buck Taylor, “King of the Cowboys,” Woodburytype Cabinet Card Rare Woodburytype cabinet card of Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show performer Buck Taylor, “King of the Cow-boys,” posing in spotted chaps and a US Army belt buckle, with his hand on a holstered revolver. This image was made in 1887 during the show’s first trip to England. Taylor broke his leg not long after this session and was popular enough that the English newspapers gave daily updates on his condition. $800 - $1,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows | Buffalo Bill 414 Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show Souvenir Cabinet Cards from Manchester, England Lot of 5 English souvenir cabinet photographs of performers and staff in Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show, including: a Woodburytype with a Buffalo Bill’s Wild West imprint, of Miss Lillian Smith. / The Celebrated California Rifle Shot; a similarly imprinted Woodburytype of Flies Above, Chief of the Cut-off Band of Sioux; an albumen photograph inked Spotted Eagle, 2nd Chief of the Yellow Ba[nd?] below image, with imprint of C.R. Brandis, Photographer, 276 Eccles New Road, Weaste (an address just a half-mile north of the arena site); an albumen photograph inked Little Horse below image, lacking imprint; and an albumen vignette portrait with the stamp of Manchester photographer Adolphe Bode, identified in pencil on verso, Caufield, Sec’y to Buffalo Bill.

Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show made its first major international trip to Manchester, England, in November 1887, complete with over 200 performers (including 97 Indians), 180 horses, and 18 buffalo.

The show was a sensation, selling out its custom built 10,000 seat arena almost nightly for five months before moving on to other locations in Europe. $1,000 - $1,500

415 Fine Photograph of Buffalo Bill Cody, Show Indians, and Performers in Naples, Italy Silver gelatin print, 8 x 10 in., on 11 x 14 in. mount with two brass grommets along the left edge. A spectacular view of Cody on horseback in the arena with dozens of Show Indians and other performers behind him and Mt. Vesuvius in the background. From the show’s extended visit to Naples, Italy, January 26-February 17, 1890. $1,000 - $1,500

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416 Indian Chiefs and US Officials, Incl. William F. Cody, at Wounded Knee, Large Format Photograph by Grabill Photograph, 9.75 x 12.75 in., titled in the negative No. 3630 - Indian Chiefs and US Officials / Taken at Pine Ridge Jan. 16, ‘91. Photo and copyright by Grabill, 1891, Deadwood, SD, with identifications of the sixteen subjects, including Sioux chiefs Two Strike, Crow Dog, Short Bull, High Hawk, Two Lance, Kicking Bear, Good Voice, Thunder Hawk, Rocky Bear, Young Man Afraid of His Horse, American Horse, and white men William F. Cody, Maj. J.M. Burke, J.C. Craiger, J. McDonald, and J.G. Worth. Worth wears a buffalo headdress and holds a Winchester while Thunder Hawk and McDonald hold between them a NY World pennant. On Grabill’s gilt-imprinted mount advertising him as the official photographer of the FPRR and Home Stake Mining Co., and offering a handsome reward to anyone notifying him of a violation of his copyright, 10.75 x 13.75 in. overall. See also Lot 347.

Provenance: Descended directly in the family of William F. Buffalo Bill Cody; previously sold in these rooms, January 31, 2014, William F. Cody Auction, Lot 12; consigned by a private collector. $1,000 - $1,500 BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows | Buffalo Bill

417 Buffalo Bill Cody Signed Cabinet Card by Chickering, 1895 Albumen cabinet card by Elmer Chickering, of Boston, signed in ink at upper right of print, W.F. Cody / Buffalo Bill / 1895. $600 - $800

418 Buffalo Bill Cabinet Cards by Brisbois Lot of 4 cabinet cards of William F. “Buffalo Bill” Cody, all but one credited on mount recto to Brisbois of Chicago and including Cody’s facsimile signature. The view of Cody in Wild West Show attire includes verso advertisement for “California and Oregon via Chicago Union Pacific and North-Western Line.” Accompanied by a period copy of a cabinet card portrait of Buffalo Bill and Pawnee Bill that was published

by Penn Show Print Company. $800 - $1,000

419 Buffalo Bill Cody Cabinet Card by Van Der Weyde, London, Rare Pose Vignetted bust portrait of William F. Cody hatless, but with “hat hair,” on the gilt-imprinted mount of The “Van Der Weyde” Light / 182 Regent Street, London W., with imprinted identification “Buffalo Bill” (Hon. W.F. Cody) in the lower margin and blindstamps Van der Weyde and Copyright in the lower corners of the print.

Provenance: Descended directly in the family of William F. Buffalo Bill Cody; previously sold in these rooms, January 31, 2014, William F. Cody Auction, Lot 68; consigned by a private collector. $600 - $800

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420 Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show Performance in New York, Album of 200+ Photographs Album, 11.5 x 16.25 in., with black buckram boards, containing 206 photographs of one or more performances of Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show. Photos are two or three to a page, measuring 4.75 x 7 in. to 6 x 9.5 in. each. Album includes the printed label and hand stamp of John C. Hemment / “The Instantaneous Photographer” / 108 Fulton Street / New York. Hemment’s photographs show just about everything one could hope for pertaining to a single show, including a parade through the streets, setup of the arena, practice, the various groups of performers and stars posing for the camera and relaxing in camp, action shots of the performance, and many candid and action images of Buffalo Bill Cody himself.

We were able to find a similar album, with the same 206 images, in the collection of the University of Tulsa. That copy is in worse condition, but does include titles for each image, accessible online. Tulsa has dated the album 1899, but we believe it to be a little later due to Cody’s apparent age in the photographs. $4,000 - $6,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows | Buffalo Bill 421 Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show, 1901 Train Wreck Photographs Lot of 3 photographs of the train disaster, each 5.5 x 4 in., on 6.5 x 4.25 in. mount. The photographs show people standing on top and beside the carnage of twisted metal, splintered wood of the trains, and the bodies of two dead horses; the wreck in the distance with leaning telephone poles and a herd of horses grazing beside the tracks; and a team of three horses and several men standing in front of the camera with the wreck in the distance.

Near dawn, a show train carrying Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show and a southbound train collided near Lexington, NC. The impact knocked some of the show train’s cars into a nearby creek and killed 110 horses including “Old Pap” (Cody’s favorite saddle horse), “Old Eagle,” and two horses gifted to Cody by the Queen of England. There were no human casualties, but many performers like Annie Oakley were shaken. Oakley decided to leave the show after the accident and retired shortly after that. $800 - $1,000

422 Last Photograph of William F. Cody, Five Days Before His Death, with His Doctor at Glenwood Springs, Colorado Silver gelatin photograph, 5 x 8 in., mounted to 11 x 14 in., with copyright in the negative to photographer C.E. Krueger, showing a gaunt Cody with his physician, Dr. W.W. Crook, at his office at the Stone Bath House in Glenwood Springs, CO. The steadily weakening Cody went to visit Dr. Crook on January 3, 1917, and collapsed in his presence. Crook acknowledged the inevitable and sent Cody to meet his family at Denver two days later, accompanying him on the train there. Cody died of kidney failure in Denver on January 10, at the age of 70. Dr. Crook and his family were long associated with Cody’s, though we are unclear on their exact relation.

Known for its hot springs, Glenwood Springs, CO was also a destination for Doc Holliday, who moved there in search of a cure for his tuberculosis; however, Holliday died at the Hotel Glenwood at the age of 36.

Provenance: Descended directly in the family of William F. Buffalo Bill Cody; previously sold in these rooms, January 31, 2014, William F. Cody Auction, Lot 61; consigned by a private collector. $1,000 - $1,500

423 Last Photograph of William F. Cody, Five Days Before His Death, at the Office of His Doctor in Glenwood Springs, Colo.

Silver gelatin photograph, 5 x 8 in., mounted to 11 x 14 in., with copyright in the negative to photographer C.E. Krueger, showing a gaunt Cody at the office of his physician, Dr. W.W. Crook, at the Stone Bath House in Glenwood Springs, CO. Provenance: Descended directly in the family of William F. Buffalo Bill Cody; previously sold in these rooms, January 31, 2014, William F. Cody Auction, Lot 62; consigned by a private collector. $1,000 - $1,500

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows | Buffalo Bill 424 Buffalo Bill’s Funeral at Lookout Mountain, Rare Photograph Silver gelatin photograph, 7 x 5 in., capturing the hoards of people and cars gathering on the hill at Lookout Mountain, CO for the funeral of Buffalo Bill Cody.

There was some controversy surrounding the final resting place of the famed Indian scout and performer. Many believed he should be buried in Cody, but several sources confirmed that towards the end of his life he wanted his final resting place to be on top of the mountain. “It’s pretty up there,” he supposedly told his wife. “You can look down into four states” (https:// centerofthewest.org/about-us/history/). Four years after his burial, Cody’s close friend Johnny Baker established the Buffalo Bill Museum near his grave site. $200 - $300

425 Presentation Cane From William F. Buffalo Bill Cody to a Relative, With Cody Signed Note Gold-filled handle engraved on top and front of handle Will Cody to / Geo. R. Guss, with dark wood shaft and brass ferrule, 36.5 in. overall. Accompanied by an ANS from Cody, reading in full: To My Little friend / From W.F. Cody / Buffalo Bill / June 25th/73. ANS housed in a period gilt and wood frame, 4.25 x 5.25 in.

George R. Guss (1846-1898) organized and served as captain of a 30-day light artillery unit during the Civil War and was the editor and proprietor of the Chester County Democrat newspaper and chairman of his Democratic County Committee. He was also a cousin to Cody. On June 25, 1873, Cody was performing in New York as part of Buffalo Bill’s combination acting troupe in just his second annual tour. $800 - $1,000

Details

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows | Buffalo Bill 426 Buffalo Bill Cody’s Hotel, “The Irma,” Transferware China and Silverware Lot of 10, featuring a full place setting of transferware china comprised of 6 pieces, each bearing the logo of William F. Cody’s hotel, “The Irma,” located in Cody, WY and named after his daughter. Each piece marked on base, Greenwood China, Trenton, NJ. Accompanied by 4 pieces of silverware, including a fork and spoon stamped on the handle, The Irma. The additional spoon and knife are unmarked.

Accompanied by documentation and a typed letter signed by Antique Firearms Specialist Greg Martin, attesting to the provenance of the china and silverware, which was once the personal property of William F. Cody. His older sister, Julia Cody Goodman, assembled and saved Cody’s personal memorabilia, which she passed down to her daughter, Josephine Goodman Thurston. In 1953, Ms. Thurston sold the collection to Don and Stella Foote of Billings, MT, who added the group to their “Treasures of the West” museum, which was subsequently sent on a national and international tour, described in photocopied documents included with the lot. Following the death of Mr. Foote in the 1970s, the museum was placed in storage until it was purchased by Mr. Martin in 1987. The “Irma” china and flatware were acquired by N. Flayderman & Co. in 1992.

Property of N. Flayderman & Co. $800 - $1,200

Detail

427 William F. “Buffalo Bill” Cody Signed Show Tickets, Plus Lot of 11 tickets from various Buffalo Bill performances including 3 signed by William F. Cody himself. Two of the signed tickets are consecutively numbered complimentary tickets for an 1899 performance, endorsed by Cody in pencil, both in excellent condition with the stubs attached. The other signed ticket is a complimentary coupon for a Buffalo Bill performance with SellsFloto Circus, ca 1914 or 1915. Others include a rare complimentary ticket for “Buffalo Bill Combination” acting troupe, Cody’s first traveling show, ca 1872-1884; a complimentary ticket to an 1897 performance of Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show; a ticket to a performance of Buffalo Bill’s Wild West in Paris, May 4, 1905; three stubs from a performance at Madison Square Garden; and two complimentary tickets to a performance of Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Combined with Pawnee Bill’s Far East, ca 1909-1913. $1,000 - $1,500

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428 Captain Luther North, Pawnee Scout, Letter Relating Buffalo Bill Exploit ALS, 4pp, approx. 7 x 10.25 in. Columbus, NE, March 5, 1931. To Miss Agness Urbank. Other letters to Agness have surfaced over the years.

According to this one, Luther North writes: Your ambition to become an authorous (sic -authoress) is very laudible [sic] and there is no reason why you should not try it but please don’t ask me to be your critic. I am not capable of it. I will just write you letters and tell you stories of things that have happened under my observation.

He continues: Here is one on Buffalo Bill as I have told you perhaps he came up from the South as scout for the 5th Cavalry in 1869. I first saw him at Fort McPherson. [S]oon after we met on a campaign against the Hostile Indians. General E.A. Carr was in command. [T]here was the 5th Cav. of perhaps 1000 men with Buffalo Bill as their Scout, two companies of Pawnee Scout – 100 men- with myself in command (my Brother Maj. Frank North had gone back to the Pawnee agency to enlist a third company of Indians (50 men) and a wagon train of 150 six mule teams…. one evening when we were in camp the mule herd about 900 head had been taken across the [Republican] River to graze when the hostile Indians Cheyennes made a dash to try and drive off the mule herd. [T]hey killed two of the herders and then started after the mules. I was camped down the River about a quarter of a mile but there was a grove of timber between us and the mule herd. [W]e ran out and jumped on our horses as fast as we could catch them. I called to my men to get across the River as quick as they could and 8 or ten of them were ahead of me.

Buffalo Bill was camped above me on the River and happened [sic] to have his horse saddled. [h]e started across the River just behind my men but ahead of me. When I got across and up on the Bank I saw Bill just a little way ahead of me. [H]e was riding on a walk. I soon overtook him and he started his horse on a gallop to keep up with me and said [“]Capt. North your men have got me wrong. [T]hey think I am wild Bill, because I have long hair.[“] [(I]t seemed that the year before the Pawnees and Cheyennes had a fight somewhere in Kansas and it was said that wild Bill Hickock [sic] was with the Cheyennes.)

Well one of my men when he crossed the River with Cody rode up alongside of him and Cody said he commenced talking to him very angryly [sic] and pointed to Cody[‘s] Ivory handled Revolver. [O]f course he Cody couldn’t understand him 9he couldn’t speak any Indian Language).

[F]inally the Indian reached over and grabed [sic] the Revolver out of Cody’s holster and Rode on after the Cheyennes. Cody told me all of this as we galloped after my men. [W]ell we recovered the mule herd. [W]e managed to overtake and kill two of… the Cheyennes.

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[I]t was dark and I called my men together and Cody told me which Indian took his Revolver. [I]t was one of my Sergeants and I asked him what he meant by taking the Longhairs (there [sic] name for Cody) Revolver. [H] e said he had forgotten his Revolver in his hurry and that Cody’s horse was to [sic] tired to overtake the Indians so he asked him to loan him his Revolver, that Cody could not understand him so he took it. I asked him if he knew about wild Bill having been with the Cheyennes the year before when they fought the Pawnees, but he had never heard it. I told him to give Cody his Revolver, which he did. [F]rom that time on Cody and Pawnees became good friends.

I guess I have told you that Cody was a poor shot with a Revolver…. [much capitalization, punctuation, and breaks are the transcriber’s] Signed Capt. L.H. North. With cover, also in North’s hand.

Luther Hedden North (1846-1935) was born in Ohio, but the family moved to Nebraska in 1856. After his father froze to death surveying on Big Papillion Creek, the family moved to Columbus (NE). Luther began carrying mail in 1860 (aged 13 years), about the same time as his older brother Frank went to the Pawnee Agency to work as an interpreter and clerk. Luther worked other odd jobs, such as hauling logs to the sawmill and cattle herding, and in 1862 enlisted in the 2nd Nebraska Cavalry to fight the Sioux. Manpower for Indian fighting was scarce, since farther East there was a war going on for the unity of the nation. They mustered out the following December, and Luther returned to the family farm, supplemented by freighting and other jobs, until 1866.

The Pawnee Scouts had been organized to fight with the Americans against their traditional enemies, the Sioux. When the Scouts were reorganized the following year, Luther was commissioned a captain, a title he would use the rest of his life. He was in and out of the unit, as circumstances demanded (the Plains natives – Sioux, Cheyenne or Pawnee - did not fight winter campaigns).

After General Crook’s 1876 campaign, Luther and Frank were mustered out for good. In those few years, there was no part of Indian fighting or scouting that the Norths had not encountered. They knew the “wild West” in its “heyday.” They went into business with William Cody at Dismal River Ranch until 1882.

Luther had numerous other positions after this, including Deputy Collector of Internal Revenue, County Commissioner (Howard Co.), and more. He married Mrs. Elvira S. Coolidge in 1898 and they returned to Columbus in 1917, where he lived, engaging in public speaking and writing and other part-time pursuits, until his death in 1935. $3,000 - $5,000 BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows

429 Captain Jack Crawford Signed Stereoview by Ben Wittick Cabinet sized stereoview of Captain Jack Crawford surrounded by furs and a buffalo head, autographed on verso, J.W. Crawford/ “Captain Jack”/ Scout and Indian Fighter, and credited to Ben Wittick, Santa Fe, NM. Crawford (1847-1917), also known as the “Poet Scout,” was a soldier, Indian scout, author, and performer in Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show. $1,000 - $1,500

Detail

430 Captain Jack Crawford Cabinet Photographs by Houseworth Lot of 2 cabinet cards of Captain Jack Crawford photographed by Houseworth and Company. The first is a vignetted image with the blindstamp of Thomas Houseworth, San Francisco, at lower right of the print, showing a young Captain Jack wearing an Infantry kepi, GAR medal, and reunion medal. A Civil War veteran of the 48th Pennsylvania Infantry, the “Poet Scout” was active in the GAR throughout his life. This scarce image is illustrated in Wilson and Martin’s book Buffalo Bill’s Wild West: An American Legend, as well as Buffalo Bill on Stage, by Sandra Sagala.

The second is a studio portrait of Captain Jack Crawford and Gertie Granville, each posing with their rifles, Captain Jack also wearing a revolver, with Houseworth & Co.’s San Francisco, CA imprint on recto as well as a blindstamp on the bottom right corner. This view is also illustrated in Sandra Sagala’s book, Buffalo Bill on Stage. $1,000 - $1,500

431 Signed Cabinet Card of Captain Jack Crawford by Cross, Plus Lot of 2 cabinet cards of Captain Jack Crawford, the first a portrait of him looking away from the camera, towards the studio backdrop.

Signed on the recto by Crawford with an additional inscription on the verso. This photo was made for Riordan the sculptor with half a doz(?) others to carve(?) a figure out of stone for Black Hills Worlds Fair exhibit the shirt of coat is folded and is bad(?) J.W.C. Credited to Cross, Hot Springs, SD. A second cabinet card, presumably from the same sitting, titled Capt.

Jack Crawford, the Poet Scout in the negative, shows Crawford with a similar coat posed in front of the same studio backdrop. $700 - $900

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows 432 Captain Jack Crawford, Trio of Signed Cabinet Cards by Eisenmann Lot of 3 cabinet cards taken by Charles Eisenmann, NY, during three different sittings, each signed Yours truly, Captain Jack Crawford. All backmarked by the photographer. $1,500 - $2,000

433 Captain Jack Crawford Signed Photograph Albumen photograph, 5.5 x 7.5 in., on 7 x 10 in. mount. A fine portrait of Captain Jack Crawford posed in a studio setting, wearing a fringed and fur-trimmed coat and buckskin trousers. A pistol is tucked in his waste band, and he holds an octagonal-barrel Winchester rifle.

Credited to Taber, San Francisco on mount recto and verso. Crawford writes a winsome inscription directly below the portrait, Yours in clouds or sunshine/ J.W. Crawford/ Capt. Jack. $600 - $800

434 J.B. “Texas Jack” Omohundro, CDV and Signature Lot of 2, including albumen CDV of Texas Jack by Sarony, New York, and a penciled signature on an 8vo sheet, J.B. Omohundro / Texas Jack / June 2(?), 1874. $400 - $600

Detail

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows

435 Texas Jack Omohundro, Two CDVs Lot of 2 albumen CDVs including one by Warren’s, Boston, of Omohundro wearing a fringed jacket and kneeling behind a prop rock with rifle in hand, and one uncredited carte showing him posed in his Western outfit. $300 - $500

436 John Nelson with his Family in London, Cabinet Card by Elliott & Fry Cabinet photograph featuring an artfully posed portrait of John Nelson, his wife, mother-in-law, and children, with printed title on mount below image, John Nelson, and Family, Scout, Interpreter, and Guide, Buffalo Bill’s Wild West.

Credited on mount recto and verso to Elliott & Fry, London.

Nelson had a long and fabled career on the Plains. Leaving his native West Virginia, he was out west by 1844, living for a time with Spotted Tail’s band of Brule Sioux, before signing with Brigham Young for $40/month acting as a guide in 1847. He was with the burial party at the Mountain Meadow Massacre, and spent a number of years herding cattle in Colorado and Utah. He helped construct the buildings at the Pine Ridge Reservation and served there for a time as chief of police. He claimed to have met Buffalo Bill Cody in 1857, becoming a fast friend with the noted performer. Cody referred to Nelson as a “good fellow though as a liar he had few equals and no superiors.” He joined Cody’s “Wild West” in 1884 and was with the outfit for many years (Tharp, 1988:1048-49). $600 - $800

437 Calamity Jane Cabinet Photograph by C.E. Finn, Livingston, Montana Cabinet photograph with imprint of C.E. Finn, Livingston, Mont., captioned in the negative, Calamity Jane, Gen. Crook’s Scout. An early view of Calamity Jane wearing buckskins, with an ivory-gripped Colt Single Action Army revolver tucked in her hand-tooled holster, holding a Sharps rifle.

Perhaps no other figure is more illustrative of the wild days in Deadwood in the 1870s than Martha Jane “Calamity” Cannary (18521903). Her history is shrouded in uncertainty and myth. As early as 1864 her family was living in Virginia City, NV, and by the late 1860s she was apparently a consort of various soldiers at Forts Jim Bridger and Steel in Montana Territory. She had a propensity for dressing in men’s clothes, and may have been with Crook at the Battle of Slim Buttes in 1876, dressed as such. She apparently accompanied Wild Bill Hickok, Colorado Charlie Utter, and Bloody Dick Seymour when they arrived in Deadwood in June or July of 1876, and was there when Hickok was murdered. Later in life, she appeared in Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show. By all accounts, she was a profane, alcoholic harlot, but with many likable qualities. While never married to Hickok, she was buried next to him in Deadwood.

Descended in the Family of Colonel George Lawson Scott $2,000 - $4,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows 438 A. Frank Randall Boudoir Photograph of a New Mexico Female Scout Albumen print on a green boudoir card mount with the backmark of A.F. Randall, “Apache Photographs and Views of All Kinds,” Los Angeles, CA, and ink inscription, New Mexico Female Scout. The woman holds a lever-action rifle and wears an impressive, if unusual, outfit. We question her actual service as a scout and suspect she may just be playing dress-up for the camera — note what appears to be a price tag on her necklace.

This photograph descended in the family of William Wallace Chapel (18391922), who operated a trading post and served as postmaster at San Carlos, Gila County, Arizona Territory, ca 1886-1890. $800 - $1,200

439 Pawnee Bill, Early Cabinet Cards by Pertz & Swords Lot of 2 cabinet cards of Pawnee Bill from two different sessions but produced by the same photographer, Pertz & Swords, York, PA. Both are close-up portraits of the young entertainer, one in show attire, the other in more casual clothing.

Out of the ashes of their burned flour mill, 15-yearold Gordon William Lillie and his family relocated near Wellington, KS, to re-establish their business.

Wintering near their new home was a large group of Pawnee Indians. Lillie established a relationship with them, which served him later in life. He was a trapper until he began working as an interpreter and secretary for the Indian Agent Major Edward Bowan. His skills earned him the name, “Pawnee Bill” which followed him into show business. He joined Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show in 1883 and began his own show, Pawnee Bill’s Wild West, in 1888. It failed.

After gaining national recognition as a leader of the Boomer movement, Lillie used his notoriety to create a second show, Pawnee Bill’s Historical Wild West, Indian Museum and Encampment, which experienced great success. In 1908, Lillie joined with Buffalo Bill again for their combined show, Buffalo Bill’s Wild West and Pawnee Bill’s Great Far East. $500 - $700

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows 440 Pawnee Bill and May Lillie, Affectionately Posed Cabinet Cards Lot of 2 cabinet cards, each credited to the Sword’s Brothers, York, PA, showing Pawnee Bill and his wife, May Lillie, intimately posed together in a studio setting. Both subjects are identified in the negative. $400 - $600

441 May Lillie Cabinet Card Cabinet card portrait of May Lillie, “Champion Girl Horseback Shot of the West” and wife of Pawnee Bill. In the studio portrait, Lillie leans against her rifle, her hand positioned underneath her chin.

In the middle of a parade route in Philadelphia, Gordon William Lillie (also known as Pawnee Bill) suddenly stopped to speak to a 15-year-old Quaker girl with large eyes and dark hair standing on the sidewalk. The striking young woman was May Manning, who within two years would become May Lillie. As a wedding present, Pawnee Bill presented his new bride with a rifle and a pony, which were two essential parts of her future headlining act as the “Champion Horseback Shot of the West.” A woman of untamed will, she performed in the show she co-owned with her husband’s show and ran a successful 2,000 acre ranch in Oklahoma. The couple lived to celebrate their 50th wedding anniversary and were happily married until her death in 1936.

The National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame inducted Lillie in May 2011. $300 - $500

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows 442 Pawnee Bill TLSs, Signed Checks, & Old Town and Trading Post Memorabilia Lot of 13, featuring 5 items signed by Wild West Show entertainer and owner, G.W. “Pawnee Bill” Lillie (1860-1942), including: TLS, 2pp, to friend Zack on Pawnee Bill’s Old Town stationery with an attached invoice for Indian wardrobes, signed G.W. Lillie, June 24, 1932; TLS, 1p, to Fred Schweizberger on Pawnee Bill’s Old Town stationery speaking about bringing 3 yoke of oxen to the Chicago World’s Fair in 1933, signed G.W. Lillie, March 29, 1933; Signed check, 8.5 x 3.5 in., paid to Roy Dickson for 6 dollars on September 23, 1939, with imprint of Pawnee Bill’s Old Town and Indian Trading Post, from the First National Bank of Oklahoma; Signed check, 8.5 x 3.5 in., paid to Etta Sharp for two dollars and forty five cents on September 2, 1939, with imprint of Pawnee Bill’s Old Town and Indian Trading Post; Signed check, 8.5 x 3.5 in., paid to Walter Gray for one dollar on September 2, 1939, with Old Town and Indian Trading Post imprint.

Accompanied by: Grotkop, B.M. Hucking Hotel Owner. TLS, 1p, to G.W. Lillie on Pawnee Bill’s Old Town stationery concerning a delivery of several carbons of letters for The General Mills deal and the newly designed stationery, signed by Grotkop on August 4, 1937; two 1930 fliers with dramatic Western scenes surrounding Pawnee Bill’s Old Town and Indian Trading Post, “Out Where the West Remains,” 13 x 9 in.; opened envelope on Pawnee Bill’s Indian Trading Post stationery, addressed to Mr. Kay Barney Gonzales, TX postmarked 1945 with a three cent US Postage stamp, 9.25 in. x 4 in.; unmarked envelope with a stamped design for Pawnee Bill’s Indian Trading Post with a two cent stamp, 6.25 x 3.5 in.; blue ticket for the Pawnee Bill’s Rodeo and Indian Pow-Pow in 1933; official show route card for the 101 Real Wild West Show for the 1930 season; postcard announcing Pawnee Bill’s Championship Rodeo with a stamp of a man riding a bucking bronco.

Undaunted by the fiscal realities of the Great Depression, business man and Wild West Show owner Pawnee Bill opened a popular tourist attraction in Pawnee, OK. Pawnee Bill’s Old Town and Indian Trading post sold American Indian and Mexican goods and hosted rodeos for eager tourists, still imagining the wild and untamed West.

The attraction remained a popular destination until it burned to the ground in 1940. Nearing his own death, Pawnee Bill did not rebuild the town. $600 - $800

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443 Rare Signed Pass for Buffalo Bill and Pawnee Bill’s Combined Show and a Promotional Pamphlet for Pawnee Bill A 1913 Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Combined with Pawnee Bill’s Great Far East show pass for E.G. Marieux(?) and party paid for and signed

by G.W. Lillie “Pawnee Bill,” accompanied by a 5pp promotional pamphlet titled, “Pawnee Bill,” A Romance of Oklahoma by Herman Edwin Mootz and a Buffalo Bill’s Wild West and Pawnee Bill’s Far East envelope addressed to Mrs. G.W. Lillie, with four two cent stamps, postmarked 1913. $300 - $600

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows 444 Captain A.H. Bogardus and his Sons, Three Cabinet Cards Lot of 3 cabinet cards of Champion Wing Shot A.H. Bogardus and his sharpshooting sons. Images include: a rare, more intimate outdoor photograph of the three young Bogardus boys and their father posed in front of their tent or, as a sign reads, Capt.

Bogardus and Sons Headquarters, credited on verso to Henry W. Brown, Boston. This exact image was included in Wilson and Martin’s book, Buffalo Bill’s Wild West: An American Legend, published in 1998. Accompanied by a studio portrait of Bogardus and four of his boys, he and the eldest boy wear their shooting medals on their chest, credited on verso to E.B. Core, Lincoln, IL, and a dual portrait of Bogardus with his championshooting son who places his hand upon his father’s shoulder, credited on verso to Chas.

Eisenmann, New York. $400 - $600

WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows | Annie Oakley

445 Annie Oakley Cabinet Card by J. Wood Cabinet card of “Little Miss Sure Shot” in English shooting attire, holding a fresh kill, a rabbit, with her rifle resting on her shoulder. With imprint of J. Wood, New York. $800 - $1,000

446 Annie Oakley Cabinet Card by J. Wood Cabinet card of Annie Oakley, Little Sure Shot, as nicknamed in the lower margin, showing the famed female shooter standing with a small single-shot rifle, posed next to a a display of her guns, medals, and a trophy. With imprint of J. Wood, New York. $1,000 - $1,500

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows | Annie Oakley

447 Annie Oakley Cabinet Card by Gilbert & Bacon Cabinet card with recto imprint of photographers Gilbert & Bacon, Philadelphia, showing Annie Oakley wearing shooting medals on her blouse, posed with a single shot Stevens rifle in hand, a Stevens single shot pistol on prop stones to her right, and double-barrel Parker hammer and Spencer Bannerman pump-action shotguns leaning on prop stones to her left. With biographical information on Oakley on verso. $1,000 - $1,500

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449 Annie Oakley Cabinet Cards by Stacy Lot of 2 cabinet cards produced by Stacy in Brooklyn, NY, with Oakley’s facsimile signature on mount below each photo. Both are seated portraits of Annie Oakley, with her medals prominently displayed on her chest. $600 - $800 232

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448 Annie Oakley Woodburytype Cabinet Card Woodburytype cabinet card, titled on mount below image, Miss Annie Oakley,/ “Little Sure Shot.”/ Buffalo Bill’s Wild West, and with a lengthy description of the celebrated performer printed on verso. In this portrait, made during one of Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show tours of England in the early 1890s, Annie Oakley proudly poses in western attire with two rifles, a shotgun, two pistols, and a fringed banner pinned with several of her sharpshooting medals. A fabulous example with deep, rich tones. $1,500 - $2,500

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450 Annie Oakley Shooting Left Handed, Press Photographs Lot of 2 press photographs of Annie Oakley, 8 x 10 in. and 7.5 x 8.5 in., each with Underwood & Underwood backmark, showing Oakley preparing to take aim with a pistol with her left hand. An expert marksman, Oakley was equally deadly with her left hand as she was with her right. $600 - $800 BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows | Annie Oakley 451 Frank Butler Signed and Inscribed Photograph Silver gelatin photograph, 3.75 x 5.5 in., on 5.25 x 6.25 in. mount, featuring attractive studio view of Frank Butler (1847-1926), the husband of Annie Oakley, signed on the reverse by Butler, Yours with love, Frank Jan 1903.

Supplementary documentation indicates that this image descended in the family of Frank’ Butler’s brother, William Butler. $300 - $500

Detail

452 Annie Oakley Target Card Shot Through Once Promotional target card, 5.375 x 3.5 in., with a mechanicallyprinted likeness of Annie Oakley, waiting to take aim with her pistol, and a red heart shot through once by Oakley accompanied by a vertical mark that may be the result of her shooting the card edge-on. $800 - $1,000

453 Annie Oakley Souvenir Target Card with Single Shot Souvenir target card, 5 x 2.25 in., featuring printed portrait of Annie Oakley on horseback and a heart, shot through once by Oakley. $800 - $1,000

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454 Marlin Fire Arms Co. Deck of Playing Cards with an Annie Oakley Ace Lot of 44 playing cards, including an Annie Oakley ace of hearts, distributed by Marlin Fire Arms Co. Missing many cards, but most importantly, two more aces. $200 - $300

455 Annie Oakley ALS Oakley, Annie (1860-1926). Female sharpshooter and celebrity. ALS, 2pp. July 22, 1922. Addressed to Wm Donement(?). A letter in which Oakley speaks about her recent show, a charity event in Long Island benefiting wounded soldiers. Just four months after writing the letter, Oakley and her husband, Frank Butler, were in a car crash that fractured her hip and right ankle, which forced her to walk with a leg brace for the rest of her life. $1,000 - $1,500

456 Annie Oakley Signed Card Oakley, Annie (1860-1926). Female sharpshooter and celebrity. Signed card, 2.5 x 4.5 in., headed, The Signature Of, and autographed Annie Oakley below. $500 - $750

457 The Life of Dave: As Told by Himself Pamphlet An “autobiographical” pamphlet of the life of Annie Oakley and Frank Butler’s beloved dog, Dave.

Dave was a black, white, and tan English Setter named after Butler and Oakley’s dear friend Dave Montgomery. He traveled everywhere with Oakley, hunted with her, and even became a part of she and Butler’s show. He became a well known fixture and earned the name “Red Cross Dave” as well as his own Christmas card and “autographed” cards. Oakley and Butler, “feel the sorrow that parents would feel for the loss of a child” when Dave died after being struck by a car in Florida (Butler, The Life of Dave). $300 - $400

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows 458 Lillian Smith Cabinet Cards by Crow and Elliott & Fry Lot of 2 cabinet card photographs of champion shot and rival to Annie Oakley, Lillian Smith. The first, stamped by S.B. Crow, Astoria, OR, shows Smith with a rifle in hand, and includes the verso inscription: Compliments of Lillian F. Smith The “California Girl” to her friend with best wishes Deer Lady (?) Montana Sept 14th 1891.

Accompanied by a seated portrait of Smith, identified on mount below image as Miss Lillian Smith, “The Celebrated Californian Rifle Shot,” Buffalo Bill’s Wild West. Credited on mount recto and verso to Elliott and Fry, London, England.

Smith was a 15-year-old champion rifle shot from California hired by Buffalo Bill Cody to appear with his troop in 1886.

Almost immediately after joining, she became an intense rival of Annie Oakley. She was a more garish dresser and less humble than her contender, which caused many personal differences between the two. During Cody’s tour of Europe the following summer, their

Detail

animosity towards one another became public over perceived slights

by European royalty. Smith left the show in 1889. She rejoined show business as “Princess Wenona, the Indian Girl Shot” several years later.

She competed against Oakley again in 1902 but lost, which expedited her decline into obscurity. $500 - $700

459 Lillian Smith “Champion Shot of the World” Cabinet Cards Lot of 2 cabinet cards of Lillian Smith, the first by Cramer, St. Louis, showing the young sharpshooter in a studio setting, standing with a rifle in her arms, wearing several embroidered ribbons across her chest that read, Champion Rifle Shot of the World. Accompanied by a second studio portrait by J.B. Stormer, Colusa, CA, featuring a close-up view of Smith with the same ribbons pinned to her chest. $300 - $500

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows | Johnny Baker

Verso

460 Johnny Baker’s Carved Buffalo Head Belt Buckle and “Crack Shot” Badge Lot of 2, featuring a heavy, massive badge, 2.75 x 4.25 in., in its original presentation case. A silver bar pin, decorated with a mother-of-pearl panel on which Baker’s name appears in yellow, supports a silver pendant with a high-relief buffalo head carved of mother-of-pearl, and engraved on verso: Crack Shot Johnny Baker 1898.

Accompanied by 3.5 x 4.25 in. large silver belt buckle decorated with a buffalo head identical to the medal, set into a rich wood background.

The pair were given to Baker by Cody at a parade in New York City in 1898.

An artist’s rendering of the badge appears on the image of Baker featured on a “Buffalo Bill’s Wild West, Congress, Rough Riders of the World” poster.

As a precocious 14-year-old, Johnny Baker approached his idol, Buffalo Bill Cody and pleaded with him to join his Wild West Show. At first, Buffalo Bill declined, but two years later, he relented and allowed Baker to join as the “Cowboy Kid.” Under the tutelage of sharpshooter Annie Oakley, he honed his skills with the shotgun, and within a few years he became a headline act. Beyond becoming a permanent act in the show, he became a fixture in Cody’s life. Cody accepted and called Baker his “foster son,” because Baker’s parents would not allow Cody to officially adopt him. After Cody’s death, Baker fought to preserve his legacy and ensure that history never forget his hero. Instead of an epitaph, he requested for his headstone the simple title, “Foster Son of Col. William F. Cody (Buffalo Bill).” $4,000 - $6,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows | Johnny Baker

461 Two Action Photographs of Performances, Including Johnny Baker at Shooting Practice Lot of 2, both 6 x 8 in. silver gelatin prints. First is a view of Johnny Baker practicing shooting clay targets in an empty arena, the table holding his guns draped with a personalized tablecloth. Second is a view of the same or a similar arena arena filled with spectators

watching a performer riding a zip-line (the man is about halfway down the line).

Provenance: Descended directly in the family of William F. Buffalo Bill Cody; previously sold in these rooms, January 31, 2014, William F. Cody Auction, Lot 105; consigned by a private collector. $600 - $800

WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows

462 “Indian Pete” Culbertson, Fantastically Posed Photographs Lot of 2 actively posed studio portraits of Wild West show performer, “Indian Pete” Culbertson, both photographed by L.E. Gilman, Lemmon, SD. In the first pose a cabinet card with Gilman’s backmark, “Indian Pete” draws back his bow and arrow while wearing show attire and a magnificent feathered head dress. In the second image, a cabinet card-sized photo on 5.75 x 7.75 in. mount, Culbertson poses in a similar outfit with a group of children, including a screaming young boy in black face, with Gilman’s imprint on the mount. This photograph was published in Wild West magazine’s Westerner’s column in early 2016.

Pete Culbertson, a white man nicknamed “Indian” Pete, ran a Wild West show similar to Buffalo Bill’s. According to local legend (or a tall

tale created by Culbertson for promotional purposes), as an infant a band of Indians stole Culbertson and raised him. In reality, he was an ex-convict from a Norwegian family. Shortly after the massacre at Wounded Knee, Culbertson and his brother ambushed a family of Lakota Sioux riding in a wagon. They killed Few Tails the father and wounded the mother while two others escaped with the unhitched team of horses. He and his brother were tried at Deadwood and found not guilty. In the early part of the 20th century, Culbertson became part owner of the Irwin Brothers Cheyenne Frontier Days Wild West Show and created his origin story to attract more audiences. After leaving show business, he returned to Wyoming to ranch. $400 - $600

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BUFFALO BILL’S WILD WEST AND CONGRESS OF ROUGH RIDERS POSTER

463 Buffalo Bill’s Wild West and Congress of Rough Riders, Poster by Hoen Lithographed poster, 29.5 x 26.25 in., featuring a large map of the world with several destinations of Buffalo Bill’s Wild West and Congress of Rough Riders, including: the United States, England, Ireland, Holland, Spain, France, and more. All four corners feature colorful scenes from the show, headlining acts, and venues. A. Hoen & Co., Baltimore, MD, 1894. Conserved and linen backed.

By 1894, Buffalo Bill had established himself as one of the greatest Wild West showman in the world. Two years earlier, he entered into a partnership with Nate Salsbury and created the Congress of the Rough Riders. The Rough Riders combined mounted military troops, cowboys, and American Indians who performed impressive drills, recreated dramatic battles, and executed difficult trick riding skills. In the late 1890s the show had as many as 500 cast and staff members and costs were as high as $4,000 per day to operate. To manage the operation, the show generated its own electricity and staffed its own fire department. Performers lived in wall tents during long stands or slept in railroad sleeping cars when the show moved daily. $10,000 - $20,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows | Posters & Souvenirs 464 Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Vaquero Show Poster Lithographed poster, 42 x 28 in., featuring a vibrant, colorful depiction of a group of vaqueros roping and riding broncos, advertising Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show. The Enquirer Job Printing Company Co., Cincinnati, OH. Conserved and linen backed, 46 x 32 in. overall. $1,000 - $2,000

465 Johnny Baker, French Poster Promoting Buffalo Bill’s Wild West and Congress of Rough Riders of the World Lithographed poster, 30 x 20 in., promoting Buffalo Bill’s Wild West and Congress of Rough Riders of the World and its star sharpshooter, Johnny Baker, who is featured at the poster’s center, seated with his rifle. This poster was produced while Baker was touring Europe with Buffalo Bill and the Congress of Rough Riders.

Marked lower right, Imp. Litho./ Weiners/ Chs. Wall/ Agent France/ 14 Rue Lafayette/ Paris. With Buffalo Bill’s Wild West/ Cody & Bailey hand stamp over a French tax or revenue stamp in top right portion of poster. Conserved and linen backed, 34 x 24 in. overall. $3,000 - $5,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows | Posters & Souvenirs

466 Johnny Baker, Rare Strobridge Litho. Company Poster Lithographed poster, 37.75 x 80.75 in., from Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Combined with Pawnee Bill’s Great Far East show, promoting the foster son to Buffalo Bill Cody and star performer, Johnny Baker, the Expert Marksman. Baker performs several impressive trick shots including shooting upside down and leaning backwards over a chair.

Copyrighted 1908 by the Strobridge Lithograph Company, Cincinnati & New York. Conserved and linen backed. $2,000 - $3,000

467 Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Poster, This Indian is Not a Bad Indian Lithographed poster, 20 x 27.5 in. (sight), matted and framed, 35 x 27.5 in., featuring a young American Indian boy, playfully laughing, dressed in large eagle feather headdress with buffalo hide shield with a Buffalo Bill’s Wild West banner. The top margin reads, This Indian is not a “bad” Indian. US Lithograph Company, Russell Morgan Print, Cincinnati, OH, 1910. Conserved and linen backed.

Previously sold in these rooms, May 24, 2001, Historic Americana Auction, Lot 563. $3,000 - $6,000

468 Buffalo Bill “Still Holds the Reins” Full Sheet Poster

by Russell-Morgan Lithographed poster, 41 x 28 in., featuring Buffalo Bill Cody in a coach pulled by two white horses. The text reads, Buffalo Bill “Still Holds the Reigns,” Personally Directs Every Performance and Gives Daily Receptions, presumably made after his Wild West show declared bankruptcy in 1913. US Lithograph Co., Russell Morgan Print: Cincinnati, OH. Conserved and linen backed. $2,000 - $4,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows | Posters & Souvenirs 469 The Life of Buffalo Bill in Three Reels Movie Poster Lithographed movie poster, 42 x 28 in., advertising the Pawnee Bill Film Co.’s movie, The Life of Buffalo Bill in 3 Reels featuring scenes of the First Scalp for Custer and Buffalo Bill on a white horse, ca 1912.

Conserved and linen backed, 44 x 30 in. overall.

William F. Cody (a.k.a. Buffalo Bill) was one of the most colorful figures of the Old West. Before entering into show business, Cody was a trapper, Colorado “Fifty-Niner,” Pony Express rider, wagon master, stagecoach driver, Civil War soldier, and hotel manager. Congress awarded him Congressional Medal of Honor in 1872 for his role as a scout for the United States Army (1868-1872). His Wild West Shows were an enormous success in the late 1880s and remained a popular subject in the early 1900s until the advent of moving pictures.

The popularity of movies forced Cody out of business. Somewhat ironically, he remained a popular subject in early films.

This poster was featured in Sandra Sagala’s book entitled Buffalo Bill on the Silver Screen, published in 2013. $1,000 - $2,000

470 Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show 16mm Film Reel Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show: A Grand Review. 16mm reel, diameter 10.5 in. (roughly 800 feet), in a Chicago Film Laboratory, Inc., case. Title card reads Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show / A Grand Review.

The footage has recently been played and filmed, with all 29 minutes of footage viewable on a CD accompanying the reel.

Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show performers were first recorded on kinetograph by Thomas Edison in 1894, notably a shooting demonstration by Annie Oakley. Edison and Cody had earlier partnered on a massive electrical lighting system for a stand in Paris, and Edison chose the show as one the first subjects to be recorded.

Provenance: Descended directly in the family of William F. Buffalo Bill Cody; previously sold in these rooms, January 31, 2014, William F. Cody Auction, Lot 152; consigned by a private collector. $1,000 - $1,500

471 Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show, Group of Seven Programmes Lot of 7 programmes, from seasons ranging from 1884 to 1907. Includes 1884, 1885, 1889 (printed at Paris and published in French language), 1894 (full season in Brooklyn, with New York map on back cover), 1900, 1907, and a 1916 program from Cody’s final year of performances with the 101 Ranch. $1,200 - $2,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows | Posters & Souvenirs 472 Rare Buffalo Bill’s Wild West European Greeting Card Color-printed card, 8 x 11.75 in., featuring Cody on stage with performers in his show cheering him on and portraits of various stars and executives around the stage. Messages include “Greetings / Buffalo Bill’s Wild West / A Peace Congress Bringing Nations and US together,” and “Peace on Earth Goodwill towards Men / A Message of Great Joy.” Credit to artist Alick P.F. Ritchie and printers Weiners Ltd., London, at lower right (Alexander Penrose Forbes Ritchie, 1869-1938, was a prominent English poster artist and caricaturist). Possibly a New Year’s or holiday card, or perhaps a thank you card for those who worked with the show. Ink inscription on verso reads, F.B. Hutchinson & Staff, Buffalo Bill’s Wild West, Touring Europe, 1902 to 1906. Frederick Bailey Hutchinson served as manager of the show from 1902 to 1907 and his portrait is featured on the card at upper left. $400 - $600

473 Very Rare Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show 1901 Souvenir Token, 1.375 in. token with Buffalo Bill Wild West Show 1901 around a “Good Luck” horseshoe and with faded pink ribbon attached with a thin wire. We have never seen another. $400 - $600

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows | Posters & Souvenirs

474 Dr. W.F. Carver, Champion Rifle Shot of the World, Rare Poster, Plus Lot of 3, featuring an exceedingly rare lithographed poster promoting Dr. W.F. Carver as the Champion Rifle Shot of the World, produced by A. Hoen and Co., Baltimore. 22.25 x 29.25 in. Conserved and linen backed. Research indicates that this may be the only known example in existence.

Broadside advertising a performance by Carver on Tuesday, August 13, 1878 at the Rochester Driving Park in New York. At the bottom is a challenge from Carver, which was purportedly never accepted. 6.5 x 16 in.

May 10, 1879 Illustrated Sporting and Dramatic News page featuring a story on W.F. Carver and his shooting prowess.

According to William F. Cody’s Archive, “William “Doc” Carver (1840-1927) was born in Winslow, IL. Trained as a dentist, Carver relocated to Nebraska in 1872 where he began to acquire frontier skills such as hunting, riding, and, most notably, marksmanship. In 1876 he launched a career as a showman touring the country giving shooting exhibitions and billing himself as “Champion Rifle Shot of the World.” In 1883 he joined with William F. Cody to launch “Hon. W. F. Cody and Dr. W. F. Carver’s Rocky Mountain and Prairie Exhibition.” The partnership lasted just one season, ending in acrimony. Cody formed Buffalo Bill’s Wild West the following year and Carver developed various rival enterprises, eventually creating a small-scale exhibition of trained animals—most notably a diving horse attraction—and feats of marksmanship.”(http://codyarchive.org/life/wfc. person.html#burke.j) $3,000 - $5,000 2 of 3 SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows | Posters & Souvenirs 475 S.F. Cody Contre un Tandem, Poster Action-packed poster, 37 x 51 in., advertising the close race between Wild West show performer S.F. Cody on horseback riding against two cyclists, M. Fournier and M. Gaby. Produced by Emile Levy, Paris, ca 1892. Conserved and linen backed.

Horse races against cyclists was a popular form of entertainment until it was blacklisted for gambling scandals. In most circumstances the horses won, but in S.F. Cody’s race against the tandem cyclists Cody struggled with the tight turns in the velodrome and finished five kilometers behind Gaby and Fournier. The race lasted a total of six hours. $1,500 - $2,500

476 Miss Arizona and Sitting Bill Wild West Act Poster Full sheet poster in gorgeous color, 29 x 38.5 in., promoting the Miss Arizona and Sitting Bill Wild West act, meant to imitate two of the headline performers from Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show, Annie Oakley and Sitting Bull. Miss Arizona mirrored “Little Miss Sure Shot,” Annie Oakley and performs various rifle shot tricks. While “Sitting Bill,” meant to pantomime Sitting Bull, is portrayed as an accomplished juggler.

Lithographed by C.T. Felt and Son, Anvers, France, ca 1898. Conserved and linen backed. $1,000 - $1,500

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477 Miller Brothers & Arlington 101 Ranch Real Wild West Half Sheet Poster by Strobridge, Featuring Edith & D.V. Tantlinger Lithographed half sheet poster, 30 x 20 in., featuring Edith & D.V. Tantlinger, performers in the Miller Brothers & Arlington 101 Ranch Real Wild West show. Strobridge Lithograph Company, Cincinnati, OH, ca 1909-1911. Conserved and linen backed.

As illustrated on the poster, D.V. Tantlinger’s “chief of the cowboys,” act featured his boomerang for the hunt. Tantlinger had an “Australian aborigine assistant,” Zu-Rah, who caught the returning implement.

His wife, Edith Tantlinger was a championship clay pigeon sharpshooter who made “every shot count” and also performed rope tricks (Ellsworth Collings and Alma Miller England, The 101 Ranch, p. 177). $2,000 - $4,000 BID LIVE ONLINE AT BIDSQUARE.COM

WESTERN AMERICANA | Wild West Shows | Posters & Souvenirs 478 Miller Brothers and Arlington 101 Ranch Real Wild West Show Poster by Strobridge Lithograph Company Brilliantly illustrated poster, 27.75 x 17.5 in., promoting Miller Brothers and Arlington 101 Ranch Real Wild West Show, featuring Wenona, the Champion Indian Girl Rifle Shot, taking careful aim with her rifle on horseback while her partner throws targets into the air, as well as expert marksmen D.T. Tantlinger, who is preparing to throw his boomerangs, and Edith Tantlinger, who prepares for a behind-the-back trick shot using only a mirror.

Printed by the Strobridge Lithograph Company, Cincinnati & New York, 1914. Conserved and linen backed, 28 x 20 in. overall. $1,500 - $3,000

479 Buffalo Ranch Real Wild West Poster Lithographed poster, 20.25 x 56 in., promoting the Buffalo Ranch Real Wild West Show and its various acts featuring Cowboys, Cowgirls, Indians and Mexicans. A wonderful display of the pageantry of western color, excitement, exoticism and history. Formed around 1910, the Buffalo Ranch Real Wild West Show was one of many travelling rodeos that followed in the successful footsteps of Buffalo Bill. This particular show poster seems to borrow heavily from its predecessors, the Buffalo Bill Wild West Show and the Miller Brother’s 101 Ranch, by replicating both pictorial and textual themes for its content. Printed by Riverside Print Co., Milwaukee and Chicago. Conserved and linen backed. $800 - $1,000

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Now Accepting Consignments for 2017 American History Auctions Consignment Inquiries Katie Horstman historic@cowans.com 513.871.1670 x236 6270 Este Ave. Cincinnati, OH 45232

To be offered Winter 2017: Charleston Mercury Extra, Rare Broadside Announcing South Carolina Secession Property of N. Flayderman & Co.

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Office Staff President and Principal Auctioneer C. Wesley Cowan - info@cowans.com Business Operations Reid Sikes - reid@cowans.com Specialists American Indian Art Danica M. Farnand - indianart@cowans.com Susan Labry Meyn Books and Manuscripts Patricia Tench - pat@cowans.com Fine and Decorative Art Kirstie Craven - kcraven@cowans.com Jennifer Howe - jenniferhowe@cowans.com Leah Vogelpohl - leah@cowans.com Pauline Archambault - pauline@cowans.com Fine Jewelry and Timepieces Brad Wanstrath - jewelry@cowans.com American History Katie Horstman - historic@cowans.com Matt Chapman - matt@cowans.com Katie Wright - katherine@cowans.com Historic Firearms and Early Militaria Jack Lewis - firearms@cowans.com Joe Moran - joe@cowans.com Joe Higgins - photographer Bill Lewis - bill@cowans.com John Gangel - littlejohn@cowans.com Sam Cowan - sam@cowans.com Emery Maury Doug Hamilton William K. Combs Carolyn Luken

Office Manager / Auction Coordinator Phyllis Terry - phyllis@cowans.com Dawnie Komotios - dawnie@cowans.com Donna Samuels Amy Francis - info@cowans.com Consignment Coordinator Laura Meyer - laura@cowans.com Production Manager Maureen Buri - maureen@cowans.com Marketing, Public Relations and Advertising Eric Duncan - eric@cowans.com Photography Linda Gillings - photo@cowans.com David Jackson Ashton Beneke Catalog Design Jennifer Castle - jenny@cowans.com Installations Coordinator Nick Grote - nick@cowans.com Shipping Dan Wolfangel - shipping@cowans.com Dave Shear Michael Schroder Cleveland Office Michael DeFina - michael@cowans.com Carrie Corrigan - carrie@cowans.com Lauren Casale - lauren@cowans.com Denver Office Timothy Stenger - tstenger@cowans.com

MAP TO COWAN'S COWAN’S 6270 Este Avenue Cincinnati, Ohio 45232 DIRECTIONS: Cowan’s is located off I-75 at Exit 9 (Seymour Ave. & Paddock Rd. Exit). At exit ramp, take Paddock south, and turn right (west) onto Seymour. Continue on Seymour Avenue past Vine St. and the railroad crossing. The second street past the railroad crossing is Este Ave. Turn left onto Este into the “Ridgewood Industrial Park.” Cowan’s is on the left at 6270 Este Ave.

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Terms and Conditions By registering and bidding in an auction conducted by Cowan’s Auctions, Inc. (“Cowan’s”), bidders (whether present in person, by telephone, by agent, by written or telephone absentee bid instruction, or through a live internet connection) agree to be bound by these terms. These are the complete and only terms and conditions on which all property is offered for sale. Cowan’s retains the right to bar any bidder from participating in any auction and to exclude or reject any bid.

1) REGISTRATION. All bidders must register their name, permanent street address (no P.O. Boxes), and telephone number prior to the auction. Unless known to Cowan’s, all registrants are required to present two forms of identification, at least one of which must include a current photograph. Bidders may be required to present a valid Visa or MasterCard. By registering with Cowan’s or submitting an absentee bid form, an individual registrant authorizes Cowan’s to obtain a copy of his or her consumer credit report and authorizes Cowan’s, at its sole discretion, to use the information contained therein to make business decisions regarding the registrant’s participation in the bidding process.

2) ACCEPTANCE OF TERMS. Bidding on any item, whether in person, by phone, by absentee bid or via a live internet auction indicates the bidder’s agreement to be bound by these Terms and Conditions for Bidders. Any right of bidder under this agreement shall not be assignable and shall only be enforceable by the original buyer. The rights and obligations of the parties shall be governed by the laws of the state of Ohio.

All bidders submit to the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal courts in Hamilton County in the State of Ohio.

3) TERMS OF SALE. Announcements made the day of auction take precedence over any previous communication. The auctioneer reserves the right to withdraw any lot at any time before its final sale and to reject any bid for any reason. The highest bidder for each lot acknowledged by the auctioneer shall be the “buyer”. If any dispute arises as to any bidding, or between two or more bidders, at the sole discretion of the auctioneer, the successful bidder will be determined or the disputed lot shall be put up again at the last undisputed bid and resold.

4) BUYER’S PREMIUM. (a) Buyer’s Premium for “Firearms” auctions; the Auctioneer will collect and retain from the Buyer, as additional commission, a premium equal to 15% the Sale Price of each Lot up to and including $200,000, plus 10% of the amount by which the Sale Price exceeds $200,000. (b) Buyer’s Premium for “Fine and Decorative Art”, “Modern Ceramics”, “American Indian and Western Art”, “American History”, “Fine Jewelry and Timepieces” and any other specialized auctions; the Auctioneer will collect and retain from the Buyer, as additional commission, a premium equal to 20% the Sale Price of each Lot up to and including $200,000, plus 15% of the amount by which the Sale Price exceeds $200,000. (c) Buyer’s Premium for online, timed and other third-party bidding platforms may vary.

5) ESTIMATES AND RESERVES. Presale estimates are intended to be guides and may or may not reflect the ultimate hammer price of a lot.

Cowan’s retains the right to change estimates on any lot up to time of sale. A reserve is a confidential minimum price agreed upon by the seller of the lot and Cowan’s. In the case of reserved lots, the seller has authorized Cowan’s to bid on seller’s behalf until the reserve price is reached. In no case will the reserve be higher than the low presale estimate. Cowan’s standard house reserve on all property at auction is one-half of the low estimate.

6) WARRANTIES AND DISCLAIMERS. Cowan’s makes a limited warranty only to the original buyer of record concerning the authenticity of each lot for a period of 14 days after bidder’s receipt of the purchased lot. If a buyer is not satisfied that the lot purchased is genuine, the buyer may, at his or her own expense, obtain the opinion of two mutually agreed upon recognized experts in the field of the disputed lot. If these experts determine that the item is not genuine, the buyer’s sole and exclusive remedy shall be the rescission of the sale and refund of the amount paid for the item. It is specifically understood and agreed that the rescission of the sale and refund is exclusive and in lieu of any other remedy which might otherwise be available as a matter of law or in equity, and such remedy is conditioned upon the buyer returning the property in the same condition as at the time of sale. Cowan’s shall not be liable for any incidental or consequential damages. All sales are final, with no returns or refunds except as provided in this limited warranty.

Except as provided in the immediately proceeding paragraph, EVERY LOT IS SOLD “AS IS”, without any representations or warranties by Cowan’s or the seller as to merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, condition or value of the property, or the correctness or completeness of the catalog or other description of the property, and no statement, whether written or oral, shall be deemed such a representation, warranty or assumption of liability. Cowan’s makes no representation or warranty that the buyer of manuscript material, photographs, prints or works of art will acquire any copyright or reproduction rights. Cowan’s does not guarantee the working order of any clock, watch, electronic or mechanical device. Dimensions given in the catalog descriptions may be approximate.

7) DEFINITIONS OF AUTHORSHIP. “By” or “Maker/Artist” — in our opinion, the work is by the artist or maker stated “Attributed to” — in our opinion, the work is probably, but not definitely, by the artist or maker stated “Signed” or “Marked” — in our opinion, the signature or mark is that of the stated artist or maker “Bearing the signature (or mark) of” — in our opinion, the signature or mark is probably, but not definitely, that of the artist or maker stated “Circle of” — in our opinion, the work is of the period and by an artist or maker closely associated with the stated artist or maker “School of” — in our opinion, the work is by a pupil or follower of the stated artist or maker “Manner of” — in our opinion, the work is of the period and done in the style of the stated artist or maker “After” — in our opinion, the work is a copy of a work by the stated artist or maker 8) INSPECTION. Except for Online-Only Auctions, all lots are available for inspection prior to the auction. Condition reports for most items can be found online at Cowan’s website, www.cowans.com, and prospective bidders are encouraged to contact Cowan’s directly for additional information regarding the condition of any lot. Cowan’s does not warrant the condition of any item. The absence of a condition statement does not imply that the lot is in perfect condition or completely free from wear and tear, imperfections or the effects of aging. Buyers interested in the condition of an item are encouraged to contact Cowan’s and, to the best of our ability, we will document for the prospective bidder the condition status on any lot. Condition is always a subjective evaluation and final responsibility rests with the buyer to assess the condition of any item sold

by Cowan’s.

ABSENTEE, TELEPHONE AND INTERNET BIDDING Absentee and telephone bidding is offered as a free service to our customers and prospective bidders. Cowan’s shall not be responsible for any errors or failures in executing bids, either absentee, telephone or via the internet.

9) ABSENTEE BIDDING. Absentee bids are accepted via mail, fax, email and on Cowan’s website. Such bids will be posted with the time and date of arrival, with ties being awarded to the earliest bidder. Absentee bids that are faxed or emailed to Cowan’s need to be in the office at least 2 hours before the sale begins.

An absentee bidder unknown to Cowan’s may be required to submit a bank letter of credit prior to the auction, or, using a credit card, deposit with Cowan’s a fee equaling 30% of the absentee bid.

All absentee bids are executed competitively by a member of the auction staff. The auction staff will try to purchase the lot for the lowest price possible and will bid up to the amount designated by the absentee bidder only if necessary. Cowan’s does not accept “buy bids,” or absentee bids which have no limit. In the event of a tie bid between a floor and an absentee bidder, the floor bid will be honored.

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10) TELEPHONE BIDDING. Bidding live via the telephone is available on a first come, first served basis for those lots with a low estimate of $500 or greater. In order for Cowan’s to efficiently serve the needs of those who wish to bid by phone, please note the following: (a) To participate in the auction by telephone, potential bidders must complete and sign the absentee bid form and check “I WISH TO BID BY TELEPHONE” for the designated lots. Potential bidders may also reserve a phone line on Cowan’s website. If faxing or emailing requests for phone bidding, they need to be in Cowan’s office 2 hours before the sale begins. Once the auction begins, requests left on Cowan’s website may not be retrieved by the staff. (b) Telephone bidders are advised to indicate an “insurance bid”, which amount will become an absentee bid, pursuant to the absentee bidding process set forth above, if Cowan’s can not reach the bidder by telephone for a particular indicated lot. (c) Telephone bidders must disable any caller ID or other call blocking mechanism. (d) Cowan’s sells about 100 lots per hour, so telephone bidders should plan accordingly. Cowan’s will attempt to reach each telephone bidder, but Cowan’s is in no way responsible for missed calls.

11) INTERNET BIDDING. Internet bidding is available through our website; additionally, Cowan’s may post certain auctions on Bidsquare (bidsquare.com) or Proxibid (proxibid.com). There may be terms which apply solely to internet bids that should be reviewed online at the time of sale. Cowan’s is not responsible for any failure to execute a bid and shall have no liability to any bidder for any technical or other failure associated with an internet auction.

12) BIDDING INCREMENTS. The following increments are used at the auction. Absentee bids must fall within these increments. Cowan’s will automatically reduce any absentee bid to the closest increment if the bid falls outside the published range of increments.

For Bids Falling Between Bidding Increment $0-500 $25 $501-1,000 $50 $1,001-3,000 $100 $3,001-5,000 $250 $5,001 and up $500 or at the discretion of the auctioneer Cowan’s reserves the right to modify increments at any time during the auction.

AFTER THE AUCTION 13) BUYER’S RESPONSIBILITY. Upon the fall of the hammer, title to the offered lot shall pass to the buyer and the buyer immediately (a) assumes full risk and responsibility for the lot, including liability for loss or damage and (b) is liable for payment of the Purchase Price (as defined below) to Cowan’s. It is the buyer’s responsibility to ask specific questions on condition related concerns prior to the auction. Cowan’s will not rescind sales with buyers that have disputes regarding firearm’s bore condition.

14) PURCHASE PRICE AND PAYMENT. The discounted “Purchase Price” for each lot shall equal the hammer price, buyer’s premium, sales tax and, if applicable, all packing, handling, insurance and shipping costs. Payment may be made with cash, personal or traveler’s check or credit card.

Cowan’s reserves the right to hold a purchased lot until a check has cleared.

A convenience fee of $15.00 will be assessed to all transactions made in the alternate payment channels: Phone payments are made available as a convenience outside Cowan’s Auctions customary payment channels, therefore these payments are qualified as payments made in the alternative payment channel. All forms of payment made using this method will be assessed the convenience fee. Please call Cowan’s Auctions if you have any questions regarding this policy.

PLEASE NOTE: A surcharge of 2% will be assessed to all credit card transactions. This surcharge is not greater than our cost of acceptance.

Buyers who are present at the auction must pay the full Purchase Price at the time of the sale. Buyers who bid by telephone, by internet, or who are absentee bidders will be invoiced within 5 days after the close of the auction and must pay the full Purchase Price for each purchased lot within 14 days after the date of the auction. No property will be released by Cowan’s unless the Purchase Price has been paid in full.

Institutional billing may be available, and should be arranged prior to the auction.

Cowan’s may impose late charges of 1.5% per month (or the highest interest rate allowed) on any amount owed to Cowan’s that remains unpaid after 30 days. Buyer shall be liable for any collection costs or attorney’s fees incurred by Cowan’s to collect payment, to the extent permitted by law.

15) SALES TAX. Buyers are required to pay any applicable state and local sales tax.

16) SHIPPING. At the request of the buyer, Cowan’s will authorize the shipment of purchased items usually within two weeks after payment has been received. Shipment is generally made via UPS or Fed-Ex Ground. Unless buyer gives special instructions, the shipping method shall be at the sole discretion Cowan’s Auctions. Cowan’s is in no way responsible for the acts or omissions of independent handlers, packers or shippers of purchased items or for any loss, damage or delay from the packing or shipping of any property.

ADVICE TO INTERNATIONAL BUYERS. Cowan’s will not ship any package containing a firearm to any location other than within the United States. Buyers outside the United States must make their own shipping arrangements taking full risk for the transportation of any firearm.

Property made of or containing certain plant or animal materials, such as coral, crocodile, ivory, whalebone, baleen, tortoiseshell, etc., may require a license or certificate before exportation from the United States and importation to another country. If you are purchasing items that contain these materials, you need to check the government wildlife import requirements in the countries from which and to which the item is being shipped prior to bidding. Since the export and import licenses are independently issued by the countries of origin and destination, obtaining one does not guarantee that you can obtain the other. Purchasers are responsible for making timely payments on items won at auction, even if a license is delayed or denied.

17) SHIPPING CHARGES. Buyers are required to pay for all packing, shipping and insurance charges. Overseas duty charges are the responsibility of the successful bidder. Be aware that for larger and/or valuable items, shipping charges can be substantial.

18) REMOVAL AND STORAGE OF PROPERTY. If purchased property has not been removed, or Cowan’s has not received shipping instructions within 21 days after the auction date, a $10 per item per day storage fee may be charged to the buyer.

19) CANCELLATION OF SALE. If purchased property remains in the custody of Cowan’s for a period of 60 days following the auction, Cowan’s may, at its option, cancel the sale, retaining as liquidated damages any payments made by the buyer, or resell the property at auction or by any other commercially reasonable means, for the account and at the risk of the buyer, and in such event, buyer shall be liable for the payment of all deficiencies plus all of Cowan’s costs, including but not limited to storage and costs of both sales. This right of cancellation is in addition to any and all other remedies available to Cowan’s.

Copyright © 2016 Cowan’s Auctions

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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ABSENTEE BID FORM REGISTRATION NO. ___________________________________________________

6270 Este Avenue Cincinnati, Ohio 45232 513.871.1670 Fax: 513.871.8670 info@cowans.com cowans.com

DATE/TIME RECEIVED _________________________________________________ PH/FAX_________________ MAIL___________ E-MAIL______________________ SALE NO. ___________________________________________________________ (FOR OFFICE USE ONLY)

Name (please print)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Address______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ City__________________________________________________________ State_________________________________________ Zip______________________ Phone________________________________________Fax____________________________________________ Email____________________________________ price I have indicated forfor each lotlot in the “Absentee Bid”Bid” column; or (ii) I request that Cowan’s Cowan’s Auctions, Auctions,Inc. Inc.(“Cowan’s”) (“Cowan’s”)(i)(i)enter enterbids bidson onthe thefollowing followinglots lotsupuptotothe themaximum maximum price I have indicated each in the “Absentee column; or reserve (ii) reserve a telephone line for telephone forindicated. the lots indicated.

I request that ifisCowan’s is unable to for reach me for telephone forCowan’s a lot, that Cowan’s enter a telephone line for telephone bidding bidding for the lots I request that if Cowan’s unable to reach me telephone bidding forbidding a lot, that enter bids on suchbids lot on such lot up to the maximum price indicated in the “Insurance Bid” column.

I understand that Cowan’s will execute the absentee bids competitively on my behalf.

I furup to the maximum price indicated in the “Insurance Bid” column. I understand that Cowan’s will execute the absentee bids competitively on my behalf. I further understand that ther understand Cowan’s executes absentee bids bids and allows telephone for bids as a convenience customers that Cowan’s is not to execute Cowan’s executesthat absentee bids and allows telephone as a convenience customers and that for Cowan’s is not and responsible for failure toresponsible execute bidsfororfailure for errors relating to bids or for errors relating the execution of my I agree be bound for

by Bidders the Terms and Conditions for Bidders printed in on theCowan’s auctionweb catalog listed on Cowan’s the execution of my bids. to I agree to be bound by bids. the Terms andtoConditions printed in the auction catalog and listed site and www.cowanauctions.com web site www.cowanauctions.com and I understand that I am responsible for determining the condition and authenticity of any lot, and that all items are sold AS IS with and I understand that I am responsible for determining the condition and authenticity of any lot, and that all items are sold AS IS with no returns or refunds. By submitting this no returns or refunds. By submitting this Absentee Bid Form, I authorize Cowan’s to obtain a copy of my individual consumer credit report and authorize Cowan’s, at its sole Absentee Bid Form, Cowan’s to obtain a copy of mybusiness individual consumer credit report and authorize at itsprocess. sole discretion, to use the information contained discretion, to use theI authorize information contained therein to make decisions regarding my participation in Cowan’s, the bidding therein to make business decisions regarding my participation in the bidding process.

Lot No.

Description

Absentee Bid

I Wish to Bid by Phone

Insurance Bid (phone bidders only)

IfIf my is successful, successful, II understand understandthat thatthe thepurchase purchaseprice pricefor foreach eachlot lotwill willbebethe thesum sumofofthe thehammer hammer price, the buyer’s premium, sales all packing, handling, insurmy bid bid is price, the buyer’s premium, sales taxtax andand all packing, handling, insurance ance and shipping (the “purchase I understand that will be invoiced 5 days the auction I will be responsible forCowan’s paying the Cowan’s the full and shipping costs costs (the “purchase price”).price”).

I understand that I will beI invoiced within 5within days after theafter auction and thatand I willthat be responsible for paying full purchase purchase price immediately upon receipt of the invoice. Cowan’s may impose late charges of 1.5% per month (or the highest interest rate allowed) on any amount owed price immediately upon receipt the30 invoice. may impose late bid charges 1.5% per month (ortothe highest rate listed allowed) on any amount owed to price Cowan’s that to Cowan’s that remains unpaidof after days. Cowan’s By signing this absentee formofI authorize Cowan’s charge theinterest credit card below for the full purchase of each remains unpaid days. By signing absentee bidorform I authorize Cowan’s to charge are the received credit card below for the lot for which my bid is lot for which myafter bid is30successful, unlessthis payment in full alternative payment instructions bylisted Cowan’s within 14 full dayspurchase after theprice dateof ofeach the auction. successful, unless payment in full or alternative payment instructions are received by Cowan’s within 14 days after the date of the auction.

Visa/Mastercard Number_______________________________________ Exp. Date_________________ Security Code (3 or 4 digit number on credit card)________ Print Name (as it appears on credit card)_________________________________________Signature (must be signed)______________________________________

How did you find out about the auction?

(Please check as many as appropriate) q Received postcard/flier q Received printed catalog q Received email blast

q Saw an advertisement Which publication: __________________________________________________________ q Referred by a friend q Other: ____________________________________________________________________

q Saw it on our website 250

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Cowan’s 6270 Este Avenue Cincinnati, Ohio 45232 513.871.1670 fax 513.871.8670 info@cowans.com cowans.com