CPP ARC California State Polytechnic University Pomona Department of Architecture
California State Polytechnic University Pomona Department of Architecture A year of studio projects, lecture work, research, events and theses
CONTENTS Chair ’s Note
10
Int roduc t ion
11
Neut r a Prize
2014 Noon Lec ture S erie s TOPIC S TUDIOS / ELEC TIVE S
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14 16
Collective Solitude 18 The Heresy of Function 20 Wine + Design (in the 21st Century) 22 Soccer Stadium 24 Imagined Cities: Los Angeles and Its River 26 ENV China Summer Study Abroad Program 28 School of Medicine 30 Neuropsychiatric Health Center 32 Transit Oriented Development 34 On Waiting 36 Non-Mechanical Repetition 38 Parametric House 40 Glider Airport 42 Barnsdall Park Retail and Housing District 44 Form-active 46 Anatomies, Trajectories, and Geographies 48
FOUNDATION
Public Spaces of Los Angeles: Street Studies Foundations of Architectural Design I Foundations of Architectural Design II Second Year Design I Second Year Design II Second Year Design III Introduction to Architecture Design I Introduction to Architecture Design II Intermediate Architecture Design
TECHNOLOG Y
Third Year Design I Designing Multi-family Housing Comprehensive Studio: Elementary School Architectural Design I Architectural Design II Architectural Design III Environmental Control Systems Architecture Digital Courses Building Construction Sequence Structures Sequence
SENIOR PROJEC T / GR ADUATE THE SIS
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52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70
72 74 76 78 80 82 84 85 86 87 88
Los Angeles 2030 90 Infrastructures 94 Housing 98 Public Institutions 102 Thesis Project 106
Admis sion 110 Credit s 112
CHAIR’S NOTE Simply stated, at Cal Poly Pomona we prepare students to become architects. To do this we balance the aspirational with the pragmatic. We educate students understand the profession as it exists today and help them to imagine what it might become. Our disciplinary concerns are not about servicing conventional architectural practice it is to give students the necessary grounding for them to advance the profession. In our lecture courses and studios we guide students to look to technique, to material and structural possibilities, to digital technology and fabrication, to the principles of sustainability, to the expressive potential of architectural representation, to research and precedents, and to the pragmatic constraints of construction in order to generate appropriate architectural responses to particular situations. Students are also asked to balance these disciplinary concerns with all manner of aesthetic and moral value judgments based on their own biases and those fostered by the faculty.
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Having students understand the cultural and aesthetic biases that shape the “profession” as well as having them understand how “professional” knowledge has been constructed is central to being able to create progressive architecture. At Cal Poly Pomona students typically begin a design project by evaluating the constraints and opportunities of their design “project” (typically a building, but possibly something smaller, or less concrete, or more expansive). They then develop a formal and material response that is appropriate to the culture that the “project” is being designed to exist within. It is through our disciplinary focus and our emphasis on understanding the cultures we inhabit that we advocate for “architecture’s broader purpose, its public significance, its role in creating sustainable environments, and its provision of service to society.” The work showcased in this publication is but a small sample of all that we do well at Cal Poly Pomona.
Sarah Lorenzen Chair and Associate Professor
INTRODUCTION The school’s setting within the diverse design culture of Los Angeles allows a multi-layered exchange of ideas through events, lecture series (including the Neutra Prize), and juried presentations of student work. The department is also fortunate to have extensive resources with which to illustrate the history of Southern California architecture such as the Neutra VDL House and archival collections from Rafael Soriano, Craig Ellwood, Donald Wexler, and Richard Neutra. This book comprises 2014’s studio projects, lecture work, research, and theses projects from Cal Poly Pomona’s Department of Architecture. The work demonstrates the department’s design strengths, professional knowledge base, and strong polytechnic foundation. The work encompasses a large variety of project types and attitudes about architecture promoting debate, experimentation, and creative exploration throughout the curriculum. The book is organized into four sections: Topic Studios, Foundation Studios, Technology Courses, and Senior Project / Graduate Thesis. These four sections are major elements of the department’s architectural education. Topic Studios in particular provide a platform for multifaceted research and discussion within and beyond the department of architecture. Many involve cross-disciplinary interactions with other departments and colleges in order to push architecture beyond its traditional boundaries. Foundation courses concentrate on the core and logic of the discipline. Technology courses show the interaction with the physical environment in which architecture takes place. Senior Project / Graduate Thesis section showcases the students’ culminating design projects. Although this book shows only a small portion of the work being produced at Cal Poly Pomona, it effectively represents the vibrant disciplinary debates taking place at the school.
Marc Schulitz Editor Assistant Professor
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NEUTRA PRIZE The Richard J. Neutra Medal for Professional Excellence is awarded by the Department of Architecture in the College of Environmental Design at California State Polytechnic University, Pomona. The award is in recognition of the many contributions Mr. Neutra made to the practice of architecture in the areas of research and design. The intent, as articulated by Richard Neutra’s family, is to “keep alive the memory of Richard Neutra by rewarding individuals who have dedicated their careers toward researching and developing new environments in which to work, live and play.” 12
Established in 1980, the Neutra Prize has been given to prominent architects and landscape architects as well as to individuals outside of these professions that have made enduring contributions to environmental design and public policy. The award guidelines encourage the recognition of individuals who have “advocated the opening of wider and more serious channels of communication between the professions of Architecture, Landscape Architecture and Urban and Regional planning.“ In addition, the guidelines favor an individual “whose research and/or project development has made a contribution to the body of knowledge related to environmental design.” In this manner, the award guidelines are prescient in stressing the interdisciplinary nature of environmental design, a value we promote to our students as they prepare for professional practice. Neutra Medal winners typically spend a day with the college’s students and faculty. In the evening, the awardee delivers a lecture that is followed by the presentation of the Neutra Medal. After this public event, the awardee and his guests are invited to join the dean, the architecture faculty and students for dinner at the historic Kellogg Mansion, designed by architect Myron Hunt, located on the Cal Poly Pomona campus.
1980 Konrad Wachsmann
1995 Frances H. Dean
1981 Raphael Soriano
1996 Albert Frey
1982 Harwell Hamilton Harris
1997 John T. Lyle
1983 Garrett Eckbo
1998 Glenn Murcutt
1984 Ralph Rapson
1999 Al Gore (VPotUS)
1985 Erich Schneider-Wessling
2000 Rafael Vi単oly
1986 Lawrence Halprin
2001 Kim Abeles
1987 Ray Kappe
2002 Samuel Mockbee
1988 Kisho Kurokawa
(posthumous award)
1989 Herman Hertzberger
2004 Sim Van der Ryn
1990 Roberto Burle Marx
2007 Ilze & Grant Jones
1991 Renzo Piano
2011 Thom Mayne
1992 lan McHarg
2012 Tadao Ando
1993 Moshe Safdie
2014 Michael Rotondi
1994 Jamie Lerner
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2014 NOON LECTURE SERIES The 2014 Noon Lecture Series in the Department of Architecture was made possible by the Henry Woo Lecture Series Fund
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Winter Quarter 2014 Reed Finlay SCI-ARC Greg Otto Buro Happold Raymond Pan HMC Architects David Hertz Studio of Environmental Architecture Wes Jones Jones Partnership
Spring Quarter 2014 Noam Saragosti L.T. Shanks Travel Fellowship Recipient Niel Denari Niel M. Denari Architects Mark Lee & Katrin Terstegen Johston Marklee & Associates Perry Kulper Taubman College of Architecture University of Michigan 15 Bryony Roberts Bryony Roberts Studio Bryan Cantley Form:uLA Dimension LAboratory
Spring Quarter 2014 Luis Callejas LCLA Office Benjamin Ball Ball-Nogues Studio Jimenez Lai Bureau Spectacular Michael Rotondi ROTO Architects Andrew Atwood Anna Niemark First Office
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TOPIC STUDIOS / ELECTIVES Katrin Terstegen
Collec t ive Solitude Frank Clementi
The Here s y of Func t ion Robert Alexander
Wine + De sig n (in t he 21s t Centur y)
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20
22
Axel Schmitzberger ARC Mikhail Gershfeld CE
Soccer St adium
24
Irma Ramirez ARC Andy Wilcox LA
Imag ined Cit ie s : Los Angele s and It s River
26
Irma Ramirez ARC Gwen Urey URP Zhang Bo NCUT An Ping NCUT
ENV China Summer Study Abroad Prog r am
28
Dennis McFadden
S chool of Medicine Hofu Wu
Neurops ychiat ric Healt h Center Barry Milofsky
Tr ansit Oriented Development Sasha Ortenberg
On Wait ing Sarah Lorenzen
Non-Mechanic al Repet it ion George Proctor
Par amet ric Hous e
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32
34
36
38
40
Marc Schulitz ARC Mikhail Gershfeld CE
Glider Airpor t
42
Luis Hoyos ARC Andrew Wilcox LA
B arnsdall Park Ret ail and Housing Dis t ric t
44
Marc Schulitz
Form-ac t ive 4 6 Robert Alexander
Anatomie s , Tr ajec torie s , and G eog r aphie s
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Katrin Terstegen
ARC 401/405
COLLECTIVE SOLITUDE The studio investigates architectural methods of agglomeration as organizational techniques and in respect to their urban generative potential. Two simultaneous design approaches are considered: the first, where the project is developed by moving from the generic to the specific, amassing complexes through the repetition of a standard unit that is subsequently adapted to a specific program – and the second, moving in the reverse direction, by assembling distinct shapes whose independence will be negotiated as they are joined together to form a larger whole. The studio embraces this method as an opportunity to create differentiated and intricate spaces that are unified through their mutual dependencies and transgress beyond their fixed boundaries. By approximating the organic structure of the urban form where a variety of distinct elements coexist, we search for what Aldo van Eyck describes as the labyrinthine clarity in the city, simultaneously addressing the demand for the collective and the individual.
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In seeking to explore the opportunities of agglomeration, a contemporary art museum for a single artist with the size of 30,000 SF within a park in Mid-City Los Angeles is used as program and site of the investigation. The studio focuses on the design of the museum as well as a basis for conducting more in-depth research into such topics as light modulation and apertures, qualities and proportions of art environments and the relationship of interior to exterior spaces from both physical and visual standpoints.
Kate Bilyk
19
Frank Clementi
ARC 401/405
THE HERESY OF FUNCTION Useless buildings and pointless landscapes you know include monuments and plazas. Through a series of experiments we will develop architectural prosthetics to apply function to existing civic or sacred structures. These augmentations will create a complete, if however incongruous, symbiosis of function and meaning.
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Like the fundamentalists they were, our modernist forefathers exalted rational function over the itchy visceral prurience of feeling. Their dictates demanded that form should follow function exclusively. Their edicts excoriated those guilty of the transgression of ornament. Members of the Bauhaus saw their factories as monuments and autobahns as their plazas. Yet monuments persist exactly because they provide something other than utility. From the Eiffel Tower to the Statue of Liberty to our own Hollywood sign, from New York’s Grand Army Plaza to the Ka’aba in Mecca, monuments provide a locus wherein people attach memories and beliefs. Useful buildings only augment our naked in/abilities, mechanically, whereas monuments extend our understanding, metaphysically.
Crystal Huang Darlene Marintze
high roller’s room + 146’-3”
surveillance level + 108’-3”
level 8 + 95’-3”
level 7 + 84’-6”
level 6 + 73’-9”
level 5 + 63’-0”
level 4 + 52’-3”
level 3 + 39’-9”
level 2 + 27’-3”
level 1 + 14’-9”
level 0 + 0.00
mezzanine - 11’-9”
colonnade -40-0”
level -3 - 54’-5”
level -4 -70’-8”
level -5 -80’-10”
section// 3/16” = 1’-0”
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Robert Alexander
ARC 401/405
WINE + DESIGN (IN THE 21ST CENTURY) While the wine industry adapts to changing climatic, economic, and geographic pressures in California, the architecture and landscapes that aid in its production, its branding, and ultimately in the sale of wine must also adapt. This studio explored the architecture of wine production in Southern California’s unique and diverse wine regions by addressing their differences and seeking new design opportunities in them. Students, over the course of the quarter, traveled throughout the state and were exposed to a diverse set of growing conditions, climates and topographies. The experience of seeing, smelling and tasting was key in developing new prototypes and alternative additional programs for wineries that are specifically suited to the climate and culture of Southern California.
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Jacqueline Lee
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Axel Schmitzberger ARC Mikhail Gershfeld CE ARC 401/405
SOCCER STADIUM This course was a collaborative effort of the Departments of Architecture and Civil Engineering with funds provided by the Precast Concrete Institute (PCI). Architecture and Civil Engineering students worked in collaborative teams on the architectural and structural design of a soccer and football stadium on a campus location with a seating capacity of 20,000 people. The studio, associated lecture course and field trips, attempted to give a theoretical and practical overview of working with precast concrete and illustrate its advantages, versatility and constraints. The projects were developed by teams of five architecture and civil engineering students. To familiarize both groups of students with working in teams and working on precast concrete, they were asked to analyze precedents of precast concrete structures in sport. The collaborative effort and team-emphasis was enhanced by merging teams with related projects after milestone reviews to ensure a highly detailed development of the proposed project and increase the team-component on both sides. The end results furthered critical discussions about collaboration in a pedagogical setting, resulting in refined, comprehensive projects of a very diverse nature.
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Jennifer Chapman ARC Juan Salazar ARC Selina Edel ARC Kyle Buffo CE Lawson Ho CE Joe Lee CE
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Irma Ramirez ARC Andy Wilcox LA ARC 401/405
IMAGINED CITIES: LOS ANGELES AND ITS RIVER This is an interdisciplinary studio funded by Walt Disney Imagineering in memory of late Imagineer, Bobby Brooks. Bobby was an alumnus from the Architecture program at Cal Poly Pomona. The studio is a collaboration with the Department of Landscape Architecture. The studio has a tradition of exploring human ideals of living through the study of concepts of idyllic environments, both realized and hypothetical. In the studio, students engage with diverse design professionals from Imagineering, whose collaborative work has led to the envisioning and realization of ideas rooted in imagined worlds. The studio has served as creative ground bringing professionals to collaborate with students and create mentoring relationships.
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This term, the studio developed concepts for the Los Angeles River to serve as a catalyst of a contemporary urban nature that reconnects communities with their urban river. The design solutions sought to become valuable community assets by stimulating local economies, educating the public and providing an experience for the divers populations of Los Angeles. As such, the projects focused on establishing relationships to the nature of the city by using design sensibilities that established identity and place for the river and the city of Los Angeles.
Allyson Bradford
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Irma Ramirez ARC Gwen Urey URP Zhang Bo NCUT An Ping NCUT ARC 401/405
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ENV CHINA SUMMER STUDY ABROAD PROGRAM This is an intensive interdisciplinary travel and study program in China, a place in which extreme development trends serve as a rich educational laboratory for the disciplines of Cal Poly Pomona’s College of Environmental Design in collaboration with North China University of Technology in Beijing. The program overviews the history and trends of this growing country through a view at 5,000 years of history in cities like Beijing, positioned in sharp contrast with modern cities like Shanghai. The ENV China program is structured to give students of Architecture, Landscape Architecture, and Urban & Regional Planning, a vision of themselves as key players and contributors to the solutions that will shape our world in a time of critical transnational ties. Students live in North China University of Technology and work and travel with Chinese faculty and students and led by Cal Poly Pomona faculty. The collaborative process is explored though a demanding classroom/travel experience.
CPP students: Lester Gonzales May Lee Sandra Lee Hnin Nyein Lynae Salgado Le Shu Karen Tang NCUT students: Jeremiah Ayodeji Feyi Fakolade Angel Hu Viv Hui Jingwen Liu James Zhai
During the current term, the studio project was to develop an urban design scheme for the community of Shichahai in Beijing. The project focused on finding a balance between quickly disappearing historic neighborhoods with fast development projects. Students developed programs for new and historic buildings and public spaces to enhance the area as a growing tourist destination. The projects developed into a range of museums and galleries at different urban scales used to unify the area’s commercial and natural elements into a cohesive urban experience mutually beneficial to developers and local residents. Students led the project research through extensive sidewalk observations and a citizen participation component allowing residents to express concerns and wants. An interdisciplinary team of American and Chinese students in a multi-cultural classroom accomplished the design.
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Dennis McFadden
ARC 401/405
SCHOOL OF MEDICINE The Studio explores program-driven public buildings in demanding contexts through the design of a new School of Medicine at UCLA. The 105,000 SF program and the site is an adaptations of the program and site for a real project currently in design. The dense, urban environment of UCLA, like most major university campuses, is in a constant state of change and renewal; each new building is an opportunity to reinterpret the whole through the transformation of an individual part. The new School of Medicine offers such an opportunity and at the same time serves as a vehicle to investigate architectural design strategies for dealing with complex programs.
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Samantha Berggren Samantha Schieldge
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Hofu Wu
ARC 401/405
NEUROPSYCHIATRIC HEALTH CENTER The Laguna Beach Neuropsychiatric Health Center is committed to patient-centered care and treating all aspects of the individual— biological, psychological, social and spiritual— elements essential to achieving balance in mental health. The center treats the complete age spectrum addressing child, adolescent, adult populations and providing geriatric psychiatric care and substance abuse treatments. The Mission Mental Health Center is dedicated to the de-stigmatization of mental illness through excellence and compassionate clinical care, inpatient short term treatment, substance detoxification, rehabilitation, and education related to behavioral and mental health.
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The facility is to be redesigned to offer a safe and healing environment where personal insight and recovery begins. This Health Center takes advantage of picturesque coastal setting and expansive ocean views. Connectivity with natural environment is created for patients and families and is integrated into the treatment milieu.
Tung Pham
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Barry Milofsky
ARC 401/405
TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT The studio and the associated lecture course gave a theoretical and practical survey of the field of Transit Oriented Development (TOD) with an emphasis on the role of the designer in creating PLACE and encouraging the development of a pedestrian friendly and non-automotive environment. The courses work together to develop the skills necessary to integrate transit, retail, residential and open space uses to create a cohesive community. Lectures and studios were integrated to flow ideas, discussion and design impacts into a unified process from which a final design project emerged. Field trips to TOD examples in Los Angeles and San Diego gave students the opportunity to observe first hand what works and what can be improved in the evolution of their designs. These were supplemented by individual trips as required, to document the context and understand the potential impacts on the context and site by the final project.
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Garrett Sanne
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Sasha Ortenberg
ON WAITING
ARC 401/405
As a direct result of making any plan for the future, waiting is a fundamental and universal condition of human existence. Whether planning their life around agricultural and hunting seasons in the pre-industrial society or making such steps as going to college and searching for a job, the life of human beings is, essentially, a continuous series of preparing for an action and dealing with its consequences. Interestingly, it was the Industrial Revolution which brought greater physical and social mobility and increased the number of situations where people had to deal with unexpected and prolonged waiting periods. Ironically, the post-industrial era—and especially the use of portable electronic devices—seems to make the waiting time unnoticeable, while in reality transforming it into even more ubiquitous condition of our lives. UP
UP
36
UP
DN
DN
DN
DN
DN
DN
The studio explores architecture as experienced through a prolonged waiting process. It focuses on the built environment where the user is forced to see the same building during a long period of time. The objective is to develop design techniques and principles that transform waiting into a pleasurable and even profound experience. The students explore various planning concepts used in traditional places of waiting: transportation hubs, entertainment establishments, and judicial and administrative programs. They also think of waiting as contemplative time that makes a building user aware of smaller details of a building and its transformation resulting from changes in the directions of natural or artificial light. DN
DN
UP
N
3/$1 ¾ ¡ ¾
EDDIE
N
3/$1 ¾ ¡ ¾
OBSTRUCTION
CONTRACTION
N
3/$1 ¾ ¡ ¾
EXPANSION
¡
¡
¡
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Will Kromschroeder Armita Lor Kalantari
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Sarah Lorenzen
ARC 401/405
NON-MECHANICAL REPETITION This studio focused on the design of a temporary outdoor riverfront pavilion. Students were asked to consider formal issues such as patterning, ornamentation, and massing, as well as tectonic strategies such as assemblage of parts, modular systems, digital fabrication technologies, and analog fabrication methods. To test their designs, students developed full-scale interventions adapted for the Neutra VDL House. Installations were built over two weeks and had to be built for less than $200.
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Kate Bilyk Noam Saragosti
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Student
Student
George Proctor
ARC 401/405
PARAMETRIC HOUSE Parametric design most commonly refers to a method of design and fabrication utilizing software, scripts and algorithms, and digital fabrication technologies. But more importantly, a parametrized space can be an effective, efficient and flexible living environment. In this approach, the parameters, or boundaries of a design are maintained as a variable, the value of which is adjusted on demand. Likely the best way to solve the world carbon and energy dilemma is to get people to live with less. The average American domestic space per person is over 900sf (US Census 2010), 10 times what it was 100 years ago. Smaller homes with modulating spaces that accommodate diverse domestic needs, in lieu of the current model of building a space for each function, is this studio’s programmatic agenda. The studio will review historic and contemporary references to flexible architecture and students will explore taxonomies of collapsible structures and systems.
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Kate Bilyk
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Marc Schulitz ARC Mikhail Gershfeld CE ARC 602
GLIDER AIRPORT This course is a collaborative effort of the Departments of Architecture and Civil Engineering. The course focused on teaching architecture and civil engineering students the adequate use of materials and structures. In that respect glider airplanes can be considered a perfect reference as they use a minimal amount of material and their elegance is determined solely by aerodynamic necessities. The studio gave a theoretical and practical overview of timber long-span structures that illustrate wood’s advantages, versatility and constraints. Research included the relationship between wood and other materials (steel, composite design) with the goal of minimizing the amount of materials and maximizing sustainability.
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Behamin Barootkoob ARC Sharzad Memar ARC Richard Sutterland CE Luis Gutierrez CE
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Luis Hoyos ARC Andrew Wilcox LA Sarah Lorenzen ARC Allyne Winderman ARC Phillip Pregil LA Jennifer Zell LA ARC 401/405
44
Craig Aguilar Andrew Oliver Jeffrey Stevens Jesse Hirakawa
BARNSDALL PARK RETAIL AND HOUSING DISTRICT The interdisciplinary (with Landscape Architecture) studio and the associated lecture course attempts to give a theoretical and practical survey of the field of urban design with an emphasis on the role of the designer in the shaping of the built environment in terms of architecture and landscape design. The courses work together to explain the complex social, environmental, economic, aesthetic and political/regulatory forces that affect the choices designers face in contemporary practice. The lecture and studio sessions are amplified to include visits to the project site and field trips to various locations in the Los Angeles region. Students complete assigned readings and write a term paper (for the lecture course) in addition to conducting urban design research, a master plan and a final design proposal.
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Marc Schulitz
ARC 499
FORM-ACTIVE The seminar is centered on the exploration of space, structure and force. We will investigate different geometries and translate these into architectural design solutions that are form-active, meaning that the form solely determines its stability. The logic of forces and structural assembly can be utilized to generate design strategies that are spatially compelling and extremely efficient. Efficiency becomes more and more important as demand in recourses keeps rising; availability of material decreases and the limitations of a material’s life-cycles oblige architects to seek intelligent design solutions. Between the poles of form-finding and form-giving, students establish a mindset to adequately and responsibly design complex geometries.
11' - 8"
46
Courtney Embry Aram Hernandez Nga Pham
3' - 5" 5' - 5" 2' - 0"
11' - 8"
47
15' - 0"
71.41
30.40
12.13
2.00 TYP.
106.35 27.35
24.88
2.00 TYP. 22.77
9.98
22.35
2.00 TYP.
18.96
23.29
2.00 TYP. 31.46
144.21
23.42
23.69
20.20
9.36
16.47
21.65
25.42
28.05
177.45
20.99
20.76
20.62
22.52
19.21
9.52
14.64
20.22
24.53
21.19
25.23
203.85 17.40
19.55
22.49
19.09
10.17
13.39
19.36
23.63
20.54
13.47
31.82
211.39
15.12
15.15
16.04
19.29
22.80
19.33
10.92
12.90
19.33
23.42
20.45
15.22
12.58
28.38
210.12 19.33
23.31
19.75
11.78
12.58
19.46
23.36
20.66
17.21
23.54
23.02
182.84
19.92
24.47
20.93
13.32
12.61
20.10
23.71
21.67
22.11
32.47
152.75
25.69
22.81
15.45
13.15
21.50
25.04
25.11
114.73
24.12
17.61
14.66
24.77
76.41
21.62
18.17
32.62
29.57
Robert Alexander
ARC 499
ANATOMIES, TRAJECTORIES, AND GEOGRAPHIES The course explores time, materials and mechanics through drawing. The class studied a diverse set of models from the worlds of engineering, fashion, and sports whose function and performance are dependent on the human body’s relationship to them. Students explored these relationships through a series of quarter long drawing exercises. The purpose of the class was to expose students to a more diverse array of designed objects outside of architecture and to discover parallels and differences in the process of their design, performance, materiality and construction.
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Saba Salekfard Kyat Chin
49
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FOUNDATION
Irma Ramirez ARC Rennie Tang LA Ramzi Farhat URP
Public Space s of Los Angele s : St reet Studie s Robert Alexander
Foundat ions of Architec tur al De sig n I Robert Alexander
Foundat ions of Architec tur al De sig n II Kip Dickson
S econd Year De sig n I Juintow Lin
S econd Year De sig n II Michael Fox
S econd Year De sig n III Mitchell de Jarnett
Int roduc t ion to Architec ture De sig n I Axel Schmitzberger
Int roduc t ion to Architec ture De sig n II Juintow Lin
Intermediate Architec ture De sig n
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54
56
58
60
62
64
66
68
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Irma Ramirez ARC Rennie Tang LA Ramzi Farhat URP Michael Woo ENV Nadim Itani ARC Barry Milofsky ARC Marta Perlas ARC Kipp Kobayashi URP Barry Lehrman URP Elizabeth Gallardo URP James Becerra LA Glen Matsui LA ENV 101
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Jesus Torres Mariana Uy Ryan Han
PUBLIC SPACES OF LOS ANGELES: STREET STUDIES ENV 101 introduces students from all three ENV disciplines (Architecture, Landscape Architecture, and Urban Planning) to the idea of the public realm through a combination of lectures and hands on studio exercises. Using lectures and case studies of select streets from our wider Los Angeles region, students research, represent, analyze, and engage in debate, culminating in an exercise that suggests future trajectories for these streets. In the process, we explore issues, debates, concepts, and terminology employed in the study of the public realm. As a college-wide introductory class, it explores the common values of our disciplines, our discipline-specific expertise and complementary strengths, working in groups, and serves as an initiation to the studio experience. Individual and group projects, and instructors co-teaching from each discipline reinforce the multidisciplinary approach of this course.
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Robert Alexander Behn Samareh Anna Escalante Graham Ferrier David Maestres ARC 102 ARC 150
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FOUNDATIONS OF ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN I ARC 102 is the first quarter of Cal Poly Pomona’s Architecture department’s core undergraduate curriculum. The purpose of the class is to expose students to the design process through a series of exercises which involve the transformation of simple geometric elements into increasingly more complex assemblages. The design explorations for this studio are framed around four exercises, where objects built in the first exercise serve as the basis for the next three exercises. The projects are called: addition, subtraction, division, and multiplication to emphasize the nature of the design operations that students are asked to use.
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Robert Alexander Behn Samereh Duane Mclemore Graham Ferrier ARC 103 ARC 150
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PRIANKA KUTTAPPA DOMINIC ALIOTTI KATHERINA PISHCHIK AARON LEE ANDREW KIM GRACE LIU JAE CHO
FOUNDATIONS OF ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN II ARC 103 is the second quarter of Cal Poly Pomona’s Architecture Department’s core undergraduate curriculum. In this phase of the first-year curriculum students build upon the design skills learned in the previous quarter by applying their newfound knowledge to more specifically architectural forms and spaces. Students begin this study by investigating two architecturally significant houses by two different architects of two different eras. The dual projects studied by each team of students are selected and paired based on the similarities of their parti arrangements. Students create both physical models and drawings to evaluate compositional design decisions. During the second half of the ten-week ARC 103 curriculum students do research on another project of architectural significance, this time with the focus on innovative temporary small-scale constructions.
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Kip Dickson Hofu Wu Juintow Lin Marta Perlas Alex Pang ARC 201
SECOND YEAR DESIGN I ARC 201 is a studio directed towards the development of graphic and compositional skills set within a context of simplified programmatic requirements. Students are introduced to conventions of architectural nomenclature and human scale though a measured analysis of their own living space. Conventions of pedestrian movement are introduced along with basic site planning. Delineation of topography as well as principles of cut and fill are introduced as a means of creating access and shaping space. The quarter further utilizes a sequence of shorter studio exercises reinforcing a basic architectural language and method of manipulating form that culminates in the proposal for an ocean side visitor’s center located in Southern California. Students were required to integrate a transition for visitors that will arrive by automobile to a series of ADA accessible pedestrian paths that lead from the highway down a natural bluff to a beach and natural tide pools located below. The facility is to serve as an outpost for lifeguard operations as well as provide public space for educational exhibits that describe the local ecosystem adjacent to the beach. Public related facilities and picnic grounds are associated with a series of public social spaces.
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Zachary Green
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Juintow Lin Alexander Ortenberg Nadim Itani Alex Pang ARC 202
SECOND YEAR DESIGN II To create space through architectural tectonics requires an understanding beyond the pragmatic considerations of architecture. It requires an understanding of common humanistic interpretations. How we interpret the human needs is relative to intuitions built up of common experience. This studio works to develop an ability to understand what lies at the base of these interpretations and create a space which can tap into the common emotive aspects of our built environment. This studio is not only about developing a critical understanding of space, but also about developing a process-oriented skill set for the making of space. Students traverse through a cumulative series of process exercises designed to explicitly and introspectively help to understand some key facets for space-making. The exercises focus on questions designed to geared clarify aspects of space making: additive and subtractive processes, light defined through shadow and solid through void. Students also learn to integrate architectural aspects of space such as programming, circulation, and a contextual response to an urban infill situation.
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Franco Chen
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Michael Fox Sasha Ortenberg Bob Alexander Alex Pang Nadim Itani ARC 203
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Luis Camacho Michelle Shadan
SECOND YEAR DESIGN III The focus of this studio was on the development of an architectural design project as a framework to explore the use of new materials, construction technologies and sustainable design strategies for high-performance buildings that approach net-zero energy use. This will be accomplished through the design of a bathhouse on Mt. Baldy. Conducting research on architecture is an important part of the discipline. The student must know how to use available tools to accomplish design objectives while acquiring the knowledge to design architecture that is useful and buildable. The bathhouse was explored as a special place that can mediate the contemporary technological world through an architectural design project which can foster and nurture a connection to nature, self-introspection and social interactions
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Mitchell de Jarnett
ARC 501
INTRODUCTION TO ARCHITECTURE DESIGN I This class is founded on the belief that in the study of architecture it is best to begin with core principals and work toward specific applications. Architecture is a slippery subject. It is replete with contradictions and often defined by imprecision. As such, architecture is one of the last refuges of the polymath. This tendency towards intellectual fluency across a broad range of interests is probably a prerequisite for becoming a successful architect. The profession requires its adherents to make sense of the manifold contradictions embedded in the social, formal, and material contexts that make up our world. The ideas offered here allow us to see architecture not as the design of discrete objects, but as an ongoing process in which we engage ourselves. They allow an architect to influence the development of social organizations through the design of the spatial constructions which house them. In its broadest definition, this process of “making architecture” does not terminate with the initial construction campaign; it continues as the space is repeatedly altered, marked, tattooed, and changed by the very condition of inhabitation. We, as architects involve ourselves in a process that started long before us and will continue long after.
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Consequently, architecture can be understood as a spatial interface occurring between objects, bodies and landscapes. It is through this interface that our material, spatial and technological cultures emerge. The buildings, landscapes, networks and spaces which comprise our cities are an evolving material index of the development of these desires and aspirations. It is the unique charge of the architect to manage, plan, and constantly re-invent this process. A process which invents, forms, and marks the cities we inhabit.
Erin Day
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Axel Schmitzberger
ARC 502
INTRODUCTION TO ARCHITECTURE DESIGN II ARC 502, a core design studio for students of the graduate studies, was a fundamental skill and design techniques studio taught in sequenced exercises that built up on each other. Anticipating a museum of science fiction props, films and documents, students were first trained to elaborate analytical skills on tangible, small mechanical objects, recording them and analyzing their geometric configurations. Continuing in studies of composition, figure, ground and de-collage students slowly developed basic abstract, architectural design skills of addition, subtraction, aggregation and mutation that were paired in a last exercise with the pragmatic program of the museum in a location in Downtown Los Angeles, Little Tokyo district. The particular infill condition voided conversations about facade to a large degree, allowing students to invest fully in the spatial and formal negotiations of program and the displayed content.
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Matt Azpilicueta
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Juintow Lin
ARC 503
INTERMEDIATE ARCHITECTURE DESIGN The graduate students were tasked with evolving a California institution: the state park system. As part of the work by the State Parks Forward initiative, this studio designed a series of cabins with the hope that they would build interest in camping. The essential idea was to explore innovative designs for a re-interpretation of the “Californian” lodging experience. The students’ inventive designs balanced issues of culture, sustainability, accessibility, and constructibility. Designs were aimed at appealing to a wider range of park users, generate funds that are reinvested in participating parks, and create more awareness of positive changes taking place in the parks. The cabin designs aimed to be inventive, low-cost, eco-friendly. Each unit had to be less than 200 SF, be portable and could not have electricity or running water. Students also had a tight budget of $15,000-$20,000 per cabin. Each student designed his/her own cabin, and as the quarter progressed, students teamed up to develop four designs in greater detail. The final design was built at full scale and will be placed into operation in a California State Park.
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“What we’re really trying to do is a remix of the architecture and culture of camping,” according to graduate student Laida Aguirre. “We want to appeal to a new crowd that hasn’t gone camping a lot before and doesn’t own a tent and own the gear.”
Laida Aguirre Matthew Azpilicueta Alexis Calvin-Epps Bryan Charney Kevin Easterling Antonio Fernandez Mona Kiannasr Juwon Kim David Swann Inna Teplyakora Emily Williams Images by Paul Vu Photography
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TECHNOLOGY 70
Marc Schulitz
Third Year De sig n I
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Irma Ramirez Luis Hoyos
De sig ning Mult i-f amily Housing Irma Ramirez
Comprehensive Studio: Element ar y S chool Michael Fox
Architec tur al De sig n I Kip Dickson
Architec tur al De sig n II George Proctor
Architec tur al De sig n III
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Pablo La Roche Hofu Wu
Environment al Cont rol Sy s tems George Proctor
Architec ture Dig it al Cour s e s
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Marc Schulitz Michael Fox
Building Cons t r uc t ion S equence
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Gary McGavin Marc Schulitz
St r uc ture s S equence
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Marc Schulitz George Proctor Marta Perlas Alex Pang ARC 301
THIRD YEAR DESIGN I The design project topic was an observation facility located in a protected nature preserve. The facility is intended to be used mostly as a by lookout for scientists, and it will occasionally entertain hikers. Based on the given topic students generate impromptu design vignettes that amount to a series of design alternatives. New building design elements were sequentially explored for design potential, always with the constraint of ‘technical’ accuracy, e.g. a stair must work, a ramp is ADA-compliant, the skin of the building achieves closure, a roof drains water, etc.
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Po-Hsiang Fang
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Irma Ramirez Luis Hoyos Nadim Itani Barry Milofsky Marta Perlas ARC 302
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Kyat Chin
DESIGNING MULTI-FAMILY HOUSING Course focused on the interaction of construction technology, human behavior and site development on the design of multifamily housing. The studio served to augment the knowledge of the contemporary production of housing, including application of specific construction materials and systems in relation to tectonics, expression, affordability, internal order of a dwelling, and the relationship of multiple dwellings on a site.
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Irma Ramirez Hofu Wu Nadim Itani Barry Milofsky Marta Perlas ARC 303
COMPREHENSIVE STUDIO: ELEMENTARY SCHOOL The course focused on the design of an institutional building complex to make a comprehensive design solution. The students studied educational environments and the needs of users in a public building through the design of an elementary school for the Los Angeles Unified School District. This studio is a comprehensive design project in which students integrate the study of materials, construction methods, structure, environmental controls, and building codes into their design projects to achieve a successful learning environment. Students entered their finished designs in the 2015 California Coalition for Adequate School Housing Design Awards Competition. Students Leh Shyu, Sara Etaat, and Kevin Nicholson won – First, Second, and Third Place, respectively – in this competition to continue a tradition of Cal Poly Pomona winning designs.
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Kevin Nicholson
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Michael Fox
ARC 504
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN I The topic of this studio is in design Studies of form and structure; construction and envelope; access and circulation. In each of the first four weeks of the term students solve and design a series of vignette problems to prepare for the design and technical resolution of a small building. The vignette design problems compel students to investigate the relationship between building design and construction, with a specific focus each week. Work is explored and documented during the first four weeks through analog media as text, drawings and physical models. Project-specific case study references are discussed by core faculty at the introduction of each exercise with information distributed for student reference. Additionally, students are required to cultivate and build a digital reference library of case study information for each problem and for problem specific technical issues.
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Courtney Embrey
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Kip Dickson
ARC 505
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN II ARC 505 serves as the midpoint of the three-year first professional graduate degree. The studio is the student’s first experience with a large scale project in a well-defined physical context. During the 2014 academic year the project focused on the design of a housing project tied to a mass transit line and urban contest. The selected site was an unused sliver of land adjacent to the Metro Gold line route running through Pasadena. Over the years the existing freight rail line was moved underground and converted to Metro use. The line was moved underground to avoid crossing the Rose Parade route along Colorado Boulevard. The underground rail line has left a vacant grade level pedestrian walkway or alley. The selected site is adjacent to the Metro station but is also intended to foster pedestrian activity along the right of way linked to central Pasadena two blocks south of the site. Students were asked to develop the own programmatic narrative for how ground level commercial uses or live work units would serve to activate the site encouraging pedestrian access throughout the site. The development of upper level housing units was predicated on using State Inclusionary housing laws to provide density bonuses and other design incentives to foster affordable housing within the downtown area of Pasadena. Student approaches had to respond to formal ideas within the existing context but maximize density and livability for all units. Maximizing natural light and fostering cross ventilation were significant in the development of narrow building profiles.
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Courtney Embry Jeffrey van Voorhis
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George Proctor
ARC 506
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN III This studio explored a new Marine Safety Facility in San Clemente, California, where clear evidence of rising sea levels was already compromising an existing facility. The studio interacted with the Marine Safety Chief and city officials to develop a series of design alternatives for a new 6,000 SF waterfront marine safety and police headquarters just north of the San Clemente pier. Students contemplated structures sited on the front line of weather change and rising sea level, however the project’s unique location adjacent to the Amtrak and Metrolink train station, municipal pier, the location of the California Waterman Competition, and several summer festivals provided the greater inspiration. In the curriculum sequence, the studio demands a comprehensive design solution that addresses the project site, along with architectural, structural, mechanical and operational requirements. Each student worked individually to develop a solution, all of which were presented to city officials.
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Chapman Yu
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Pablo La Roche Hofu Wu ARC 331
ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEMS
ARC 332
Sustainable architectural design includes varied issues at different scales which must be integrated in the design environmentally sensitive buildings. An understanding of the concepts of solar geometry, thermal comfort, the effects of climate in buildings, the thermal performance of buildings, the fundamentals of daylight and electrical light and acoustics are important for appropriate integration of these control mechanisms in buildings. Architects are not required to perform the tasks of mechanical or electrical engineers; however they must understand the basic principles to control design outcomes and become team leaders in the making of architecture. Special emphasis is placed on understanding energy flows in buildings, heating and cooling systems and the reduction of CO2 emissions to reduce impact on climate change.
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Undergraduates and graduate students study building service systems within the ARC 331/A, 332/A course sequence to develop their knowledge and application of building envelope systems. ARC 331 is the first of this two course series on environmental controls in buildings. The course includes six general topics: 1. Psychrometrics and thermal comfort; 2. Site, Climate and architecture; 3. Solar geometry; 4. Energy and buildings, including passive and active systems; 6. Daylight; 5. Introduction to mechanical systems for heating and cooling. The course is conducted in both lecture and seminar/lab formats which will involve theory, practical applications, calculations, and appropriate hands-on experiments with software modeling tools. Topics are explained in lectures, practiced in the labs, evaluated in quizzes and exams and integrated in an individual design project.
George Proctor ARC 454
ARCHITECTURE DIGITAL COURSES
ARC 456
Computation, digital technology, and the information environment has become ubiquitous, and found in all aspects of Architecture. However, the knowledge, skills, procedures, and conceptual frameworks for design study, and data-driven design, are in perpetual transformation and growth. All students of architecture are expected to keep pace with this dynamic topic, even while the subject remains a specialized body of skills, knowledge and thought. The Cal Poly Architecture program provides opportunities for students to develop both, basic skills and specialized expertise in digital design methods. Foundation courses through the early years of the program parallel design studios by augmenting design skills, and also layout the fundamental connections between Architecture, Building Science, Information Science, and Manufacturing. Upper division course offerings provide students with the opportunity to explore specialized digital design methods and building technologies. The most sought-after graduating students have taken these upper division courses at the leading edge of design investigation with digital tools and solutions for architecture in the digitally enhanced and networked world.
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Marc Schulitz Michael Fox ARC 341
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE
ARC 342
The Building Construction Sequence introduces the student to the basic principles of architectural materials and construction. Topics covered include soils, foundations, walls, roofs doors, windows and enclosure systems. The course centers around construction, building components, and systems investigated through case studies. Students research the properties of building materials experimental exercises that involve the design and execution of specific objects within a set amount of materials. Students learn the concepts of preparing working drawings and specifications.
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Gary McGavin Marc Schulitz ARC 321
STRUCTURES SEQUENCE
ARC 322 ARC 323 ARC 424
The Structures Sequence introduces students to the theories of structural designs and the relationship between structure, form, function and economics. In a laboratory-based learning environment students analyze structure systems and investigate the determination of forces, stresses and deflections. They explore the connection between geometry and structural strength. As the sequence proceeds, wood, steel, masonry and concrete are introduced. Students investigate each material’s structural properties, its inherent structural concepts and its typical construction systems. In all courses we use experiments to visualize structural behavior.
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SENIOR PROJECT / GRADUATE THESIS 88
Pablo La Roche
Los Angele s 2030 Hailey Peitzman
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Axel Schmitzberger
Infr a s t r uc ture s 94 Juan Salazar 96 Alex Pang
Housing Chris Riley Dennis McFadden
Public Ins t itut ions Helen Kang Kip Dickson
The sis Projec t Lina Chan
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106 108
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Pablo La Roche Coordinator
LOS ANGELES 2030 Buildings have a significant impact on human health, natural resources, ecological systems and climate change. Even though the impact of building can be reduced by implementing current technologies, to accomplish this requires a transformation in how we think about buildings, how we design buildings, and how we produce them. “New directions in design and architecture don’t occur accidentally, but always arise out of real changes in society, cultures and concepts.” (Papanek, 1995). It is clear that this is one of such moments and approaches that are responsive to ecological considerations, going beyond simple appearance or ‘cosmetics’ are required. The creation of the Los Angeles 2030 district as an interdisciplinary public-private collaborative provided an opportunity for this senior project studio to explore some approaches to these issues. A multiscalar approach was an important part of the studio’s approach to develop ways to reduce the ecological footprint of design proposals that would engage the city, the district, the building, and its components.
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Students developed a preliminary greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory for building energy use, emissions embodied in buildings and from transportation, waste and water use. A general plan was then proposed to reduce district emissions while creating an urban environment with economic and cultural vitality. The approach for this plan integrated strategies in five main groups: City Image, Smart Infrastructure (water, energy, waste), Mobility, Buildings, and Community Engagement and Education. Strategies include a plan that builds on existing nodes, paths, edges, districts and landmarks and improves readability of the downtown district, increasing pedestrian connections through greenways and networks of parks and open spaces. A 24/7 community is created by promoting mixed use development and an increase in density and in the number of amenities for those living in the district. After the general plan was proposed, then building design would be approached with an understanding that the buildings are dynamic components of a larger ecological system, in this case the 2030 District plan. All students developed individual projects inside the district that were connected to the team developed plan and its networks in multiple forms. Projects include Transit Oriented Developments, a
bike parking structure, SRO housing, recreational centers, multi-family housing, mixed use projects, a residence for the aging, a performing arts center, a center for arts and education, a pediatric medical center and a museum of the city. All student projects addressed energy, carbon, water, daylight, waste, views, transportation, materials, and social issues.
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11TH & GRAND APARTMENTS SOUTH PARK SUSTAINABLE HOUSING As Los Angeles is gradually experiencing an urban migration from the suburbs back to the city, the need for a more sustainable urban housing model has become ever more apparent. Working within the context of the Los Angeles 2030 district, I am developing a housing model that fosters a more sustainable lifestyle for the population of Angelinos who choose to both work and live downtown. The proposed model calls us to redefine our typical understanding of high-rise apartment living to one that is more communally integrated and spatially efficient. The project fragments housing needs into increasingly smaller clusters, forming localized communities that help to define the layers of how we find ourselves within the big city. Residents are no longer isolated to their respective living units, but are invited to interact with their neighbors and larger community within shared living spaces, outdoor spaces, and communal amenities. The building’s operable skin delineates degrees of privacy and ties together the outdoor spaces that are woven vertically between the communal spaces and residential units. The skin establishes a blurred indoor/outdoor relationship in which outdoor spaces can be opened up as an extension of the usable indoor space, drawing the city into the project. The folding panels at each unit also provide residents with the ability to passively control their living environment and degree of connection with the bustling street below. Ultimately, residents are challenged to live more efficiently in these compact prefab modular units but also more collectively in the generous, communally interactive spaces distributed throughout.
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Hailey Peitzman
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Axel Schmitzberger
INFRASTRUCTURES The infrastructure senior projects were designed to respond to issues of mobility and service. In the time frame of twenty weeks the students develop a project with the approximate size of 60,000SF in the Los Angeles area. They assess sites and massing, detailing the programmatic needs, the architectural possibilities as well as tectonic necessities. While conjuring associations with physical networks for transportation, communication or utilities, the term “infrastructure” has gained expanded importance in a variety of fields. Adopted in the 1970s by urban planners, infrastructure has now taken on a more formulaic meta-definition based on often obscure and abstract technical and economic logics. Alternatively we can distinguish between soft infrastructures and hard ones - the first describing the social, political, governing organizational systems, the latter referring to technical, built, transportation backdrops. Nowadays, responding to the complexity and the formulaic nature of observation, it seems to be necessary to untangle infrastructure from the traded notion of building or organization type and relate it to an architecture of geography. David Gissen insists that “its [geographical] architects do not simply reject the ideology of design. Rather, at its most incisive, geography takes on a more meta role - as part of a technique that articulates and distributes the potential of architectural authorship within an intellectual territory.” (Gissen, 2011).
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Instead, infrastructural mapping becomes a process of generating not only factual maps, but also maps of possible actions, tending to provide a larger potential than the modernist enclave of form and production, adding trans-formative potential by investing in the agency of its constituent actors. Critical here is the identification of the agents, whether they are seen as individuals, institutions, factories or political parties. The scale of resolution is in direct relationship to the disposition of the agent, its latency, propensity or property.
The studio attempted to negotiate current operations and mechanics of society that remain untreated as architectural entities. Most of them are architecturally anonymous due to their simple practical, often repetitive format, utilitarian expression and flexible use. They are industrial objects, results of industrious pragmatism. While the term “industrial architecture� implies a tradition of architectural invention and representation, the term remains understated within the capitalist context.
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THE MAP IS NOT THE TERRITORY [1] AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE ABANDONMENT OF VISUAL SOVEREIGNTY Korzybski’s dictum “the map is not the territory” is used to explain the fact that individual people do not have access to an absolute knowledge of reality, but rather only have access to a set of beliefs they have built up over time about reality (1). Thus, it is important to be aware that people’s beliefs about reality and their awareness of things. The map is not reality itself, but the territory. This type of a disjointed reading between the perceived and reality is further emphasized by elements of schizophrenia in which perceptual functions of the individual are frequently disrupted. The project operates within this context, in which a simple two-dimensional pattern, characterized by harsh contrast, is used to camouflage spatial conditions and distort the perception of form in space. The project, a public cultural park including components for community occupational and physical rehabilitation in the Hollywood Hills, is characterized by an exaggerated landform-landscape that signifies the organization of programmatic elements. By projecting this pattern onto the landform without bias towards any architectural elements (i.e. building, wall, contoured surface, flat surface, etc.) but rather based on perspective and procession through the project, the pattern is able to distort the individual’s perception of form. This opposes chiaroscuro, a set of representational techniques from the Renaissance that uses contrast to distinguish the object from its context. Instead, contrast is used to mask this exaggerated form from its context creating visual plays such as false shadows and flattened edges, creating a heightened incoherency in the perception of what is reality. 1: The map–territory relation describes the relationship between an object and its representation, as in the relation between a geographical territory and a map of it. Polish-American scientist Alfred Korzybski remarked that “the map is not the territory”, encapsulating his view that an abstraction derived from something, or a reaction to it, is not the thing itself.
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Juan Salazar
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Alex Pang
HOUSING In the culminating undergraduate degree project, individual agendas supersede the collective agenda. It is the rare project in which a student can tailor program and site to suit his/her individual architectural interests. In such light the project is secondary to the meta-project, which is to survey, question, affirm and further one’s architectural values and understandings. Housing as Degree Project can be both beneficial and detrimental. On one hand, the program frames the project in reality, lending not only substance but also push-back. On the other, housing’s considerable and highly-formulated constraints can potentially hold back architectural ambition. To avoid such pitfalls a housing seminar is folded into the class to teach housing through three critical understandings. I. Housing is typology-driven. Building and (often corresponding) unit types are well honed across cultural, economic, climatic divides and long periods of time. In spite of variation and hybridization, building, unit typologies and attendant access, site strategies can be largely summarized as: Building Types - mat, slab, tower. Unit Types - single v. multiple level; single v. multiple orientation; double orientation 90 degrees v. 180 degrees. Access Strategies - vertical circulation (single v. multi-point), lateral circulation (edge v. central; single-loaded v. double loaded; every floor v. skip-stop) and combinations thereof. Site Strategies - interior (“X”) v. perimeter (“O”) block. 98
II. Housing is fine-grained, and fineness allows greater dexterity. Kazuyo Sejima’s Gifu Kitagata Apartments (1996) and its companion Metropolitan Housing Studies highlight that in designing housing, manipulation/operation most readily occur on a sub-unit level. Additionally, through shuffling and re-aggregation Sejima rendered the standard unit obsolete and permutation norm.
III. Housing’s fundamental requirements - light, air and privacy highlight the importance of negative space and therefore require careful calibration of figure/ground relationship. A well-negotiated figure/ground should ideally achieve thinness of figure to purvey light and air and sufficient separation to ensure privacy.
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CITTÀ A NEW GENERIC The city, despite the best efforts of modernism, is a place of disorder [1]. In attempt to relieve or clean up this condition of disarray, both the developer model and the architectural discipline aim to create a level of separation from and juxtaposition with the existing city. The efforts of both models have been regularly unsuccessful at providing resolution within the disorderly condition of the urban, and have proven themselves neither necessary or worthy of pursuit. Since the fall of the World Trade Center, the architectural project for the city has experienced a revived interest in monumentality as a means toward unity. However, this often leads only to contributing to the city’s dispersion [2]. The result is an expanding definition of the generic. New forms fall victim to newer forms at an alarmingly increasing rate. By the time a building comes to real world fruition, there is nearly a decade of non-stop imagery which has discredited it, making it just another piece of the city’s junk [3]. The city of Los Angeles is exemplary of this inevitable dispersion. This project aims to take the parts that compose the city (housing, retail, culture, and parking) and bring them into critical closeness, letting them oscillate free of an overriding order or classical hierarchy. In this way, the architecture is not attempting to clean the mess, or take its place in the skyline, but rather it attempts to act as a social condenser [4], accepting sporadic zoning and unlikely adjacencies as a means to an event.
1. Dora Epstein Jones, “We Have Always Been Messy,” Another Fine Mess (2013) 2. Pier Vittorio Aureli, “Architecture and Content: Who’s Afraid of the Form-Object?,” Log 4 (2004) 3. Rem Koolhaas, “Junkspace,” October, Vol. 100 (2002) 4. Rem Koolhaas, “Exodus, or the Voluntary Prisoners of Architecture,” (1972)
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Chris Riley
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Dennis McFadden
PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS Building for public institutions entails complex problems that push from the inside against urban sites that push from the outside. The studio entails understanding a building typology, investigating how it evolved and proposing how it will continue to evolve. Issues explored include dissembling a building typology and reassembling it in different ways, creating dense plans and free sections, identifying the essential. New buildings, building additions/renovations, and adaptive reuse can all be explored. Complex programs that push back: A psychiatric prison and a psychological prison; a campus medical school, research laboratories, buildings for the arts, and a campus student center; vertical high schools; a theater and library, a library and community center; a water purification facility on the LA River and a cemetery in the LA River; an urban healthcare clinic; a local city hall and a remote US embassy. No museums. Design Processes and design strategies. One size does not fit all. Choosing the strategy appropriate to the problem. Finding the design strategy in the program. Discovering design or imposing design. Designing intent or designing consequences. Searching for the generator. Read the site and listen to the story it has to tell. Traveling the path, back and forth, between intuition and analysis. Too much thinking. Build a model. Does this scheme have a parti? Do we still talk about the parti? Why is that? The story lives in the plan.
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Design responsibility and personal expression. Fitting in or standing out. Buildings that sit in space or buildings that make space. Campus space - what constitutes campus-ness? Contingent or autonomous. Time enters in. Buildings as citizens and buildings as individuals. Buildings for the mind and buildings for the senses. Mind/body /spirit - plan/form/ program. Buildings as beings. Being what kind of architect - a maker of things, a poet, an artist, a philosopher? Finding a place in the continuum. Making buildings. Building systems and building the systems. Buildings are an assembly of systems; systems are an assembly of parts. Gravity is always a part. Flexibility or specificity: Loose fit vs tight fit, finding the right fit. Layered construction and integrated construction. Integrating the design intent within the details. Details
are design. Do the materials an details continue the story first told by the site? What is the story now? It has to be sustainable. The students in this studio, each in their own way and each in different measure, spend time and energy wrestling with these things.
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THE LAST STOP A PRISON OF PERMANENCE AFTER THE FUTURE “Regularity gives it a beautiful shape, symmetry gives it order and proportion, variety gives it planes that diversify as we look at them. Thus the combination and the respective concord, which are the result of all these properties, give rise to volumetric harmony.” -Etienne-Louis Boullée, ‘Architecture, Essay on Art’ The current population of the incarcerated consists mainly of non-violent offenders. In the future, rehabilitation and education programs will guide most prisoners back into society – but there will still remain the worst of the worst. What becomes the place for these leftover inmates who can never leave? This prison seeks to rewrite the DNA of the prison typology from the heavily privatized to the highly publicized – a reversal of the panopticon where the eyes of the public become the instruments of surveillance and control. It is a new form of public execution where the prisoners are punished through visual humiliation as a method of social deterrence. In a continuous four-part cycle of 1sleep / 2eat, clean / 3work, exercise / 4reward, the latter two programs are on public display as an illustration of the prisoner’s path to redemption. Albert Camus writes, “the struggle itself toward the heights is enough to fill a man’s heart. One must imagine Sisyphus happy.” The prisoners will be offered transcendence through the repetitive, meaningless tasks of constructing and deconstructing objects in this labyrinth of work, just like the Sisyphean absurdity. The formal investigation begins with primitive geometries that are heavily articulated in composition- manifesting itself into a living machine with a rigorous system. The primitive form, the proportion, and the organization, with an underlay of a uniform, cellular grid, allow The Last Stop to function as a city with patternized movements. Like Piranesi’s etchings of Cerceri d’Invenzione, The Last Stop seeks not to exist- only to balance on the edge of being real.
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Helen Kang
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Kip Dickson
THESIS PROJECT The ARC 695 studio is the student’s opportunity to test ideas that have been cultivated in the ARC 691 Research and ARC 694 Programming class. The project is comprehensive in that it is a self-generated effort and directed by the students independently. Students that are part of the Sustainability concentration or the Historic Preservation concentration demonstrate a project within the concentration and all other students are free to choose a topic of interest that synthesizes personal interests and learning experiences from across the University. Students typically are interested in topics that conscientiously synthesize a range of social, cultural, economic and environmental issues depicting the role that the built environment plays in shaping our world. Lina Chan was the 2014 Thesis Medal winner at graduation in June of this year. Her project focuses attention on the growing role mass transit plays in reshaping the Southern California automobile influenced landscape. The selected site sits at the end one of Southern California’s premier rail corridors terminating at the ocean in Santa Monica. The program seeks to blend the integration of inter-modal transit connections with the development of a destination public space. The building houses a commercial community development that focuses on food though the incorporation of a Whole Foods market and farmer’s market space tied to the development of a sequence of constraints that provide multi-cultural cuisine for visitors but also features demonstration kitchens and classrooms for experimentation and community outreach. The ultimate goal is to use Transit Oriented Development to encourage the use of mass transit in the region but also integrate the transit experience into the larger cultural fabric.
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A GASTRONOMIC GATEWAY DEFINING A NEW CULTURE: A COLLISION OF FOOD, ARCHITECTURE, AND LIGHT RAIL FORMULATING A DYNAMIC CITY NEXUS OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL INTERCHANGE Thesis: An architectural opportunity arises in transforming the design of expanding mass transit stations from dead, standardized, platform spaces into socially vibrant, and culturally significant, placemaking destinations. Through fusing food and its food culture, by means of a marketplace and modern food hall typology into the urban formula, a new cultural experience is created at a city’s nexus– the Exposition Line Rail Terminus Station in Downtown Santa Monica. A new culture is set to take place through the collision of food, architecture and rail. The Downtown Santa Monica rail terminus offers an architectural opportunity for designing an active, civic space, where the urban experience will be understood through the food culture of the region while becoming an iconic door to the city. This site is located at a nexus of transportation, people and attractions – from the Santa Monica Pier, to shopping at the Third Street Promenade, from the termination of Interstate 10 becoming Pacific Coast Highway, to the Santa Monica mountains, these features cultivate and configure into the architectural design and form. At the heart of this project is a food cultural destination where food systems are showcased by means of a fresh foods public market, a modern food hall, restaurants, outdoor terraced dining, open demonstration kitchens, and community event spaces. This food mecca not only brings convenient services, healthier food choices and a gastronomic experience to the constant stream of transit users and local residents alike, but it also becomes a socially engaging, vibrant and dynamic public space where food is the activator, bringing about comfort and conviviality and is the common language spoken and understood by all. 108 Architecture creates culture and food is culture. Together architecture and food combine to create a local identity that is unique to the city where the relationship between the built environment and the social quality of life is evident.
Lina Chan
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ADMISSION Bachelor of Architecture (B.Arch) The Bachelor of Architecture degree is offered in a five-year curriculum, which focuses on the design laboratory. The studio sequence consists of four segments: a three-year basic core, three quarters of topic studios, an urban design studio, and a two-quarter long culminating senior project. Lecture classes in architecture theory and history, human behavior, professional practice, programming, sustainability, building technology, structures, codes, and digital media are closely coordinated with the studio sequence, and students are expected to demonstrate their knowledge of these areas in their design projects. The undergraduate program in the Department of Architecture is considered to be “impacted,” that is, many more students apply than can be accommodated each year and a supplementary admissions process is required by the University and the Department; all candidates must meet regular University admission standards as well as additional standards required by the Department of Architecture. For further information about University requirements for “impacted” programs, please refer to the University website for freshmen and for transfer students. As a result of state impaction requirements, applications are usually only accepted from October 1 through November 30 for the following academic year; only a small number of non-resident and foreign students are admitted to the B.Arch. program. In accordance with University policies for student affirmative action, women, minorities, and disabled persons are especially encouraged to apply.
Master of Architecture (M.Arch) The Master of Architecture program accepts students from varied academic backgrounds, including non-design disciplines. Applicants are admitted conditionally, subject to completion of up to 100 prerequisite units, before beginning the final 52 units of the program. For students with no previous study in architecture, two years of intensive prerequisite course work precedes the final three quarters of the Master of Architecture program. Students holding a nonprofessional bachelor of arts or bachelor of science degree, with a major in architecture, may be able to complete the required prerequisite course work in one year, before beginning the final four quarters, or 52 units, of the Master’s program.
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Students in the M.Arch. I program may select one of three concentrations: Sustainability, Healthcare or Historic Preservation. In addition to
offering specialized courses, faculty conduct research in which graduate students may participate. The programs are enhanced by related course offerings in the Departments of Landscape Architecture and Urban and Regional Planning and the John T. Lyle Center for Regenerative Studies, as well as by university owned facilities including the Neutra VDL Research House, the Lyle Center for Regenerative Studies, the ENV Archives Special Collections, and the Visual Resources Library. For admission to the Master of Architecture program an applicant must have received a baccalaureate degree and have attained an overall undergraduate grade point average of at least 3.0. An applicant who does not meet these criteria may be admitted on a conditional basis if evidence of compensating qualifications can be furnished. Students may enter the Master of Architecture program in the fall quarter only. The Graduate Program accepts non-resident and foreign students.
Master of Interior Architecture The Department of Architecture offers a program of study that leads to the degree Master of Interior Architecture. The Master of Interior Architecture is a professional degree (M. INT. ARCH.) and is accredited by the Council for Interior Design Accreditation. The primary goal for the Master of Interior Architecture program is to provide an opportunity for individuals with a minimum of a bachelor’s degree to pursue a rigorous program of part time study that prepares them to enter the field of interior design incorporating the highest standards of professional practice. The program particularly serves career-change students seeking to fulfill a lifelong dream of becoming interior design professionals. This program is offered collaboratively by Cal Poly Pomona and UCLA Extension. At Cal Poly Pomona, the program is offered through the College of the Extended University. Most of the classes are taught at UCLA Extension facilities in Westwood in Los Angeles. CPP Admissions Website https://secure.csumentor.edu/ If you are applying as a foreign student, please contact the Foreign Student Advisor in Admissions and Outreach at (909) 869-5299.
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CREDITS College of Environmental Design Michael Woo, Dean of the College of Environmental Design
Department of Architecture Sarah Lorenzen, Chair of the Department of Architecture Kip A. Dickson, M.Arch Graduate Coordinator
Administrative Coordinator Rocky Sanchez Alba Galaviz, Support Assistant
Full-Time Faculty Robert Alexander, Assistant Professor Lauren Weiss Bricker, Ph.D, Professor, Director, ENV Archives-Special Collections Kip Dickson, Professor, Graduate Coordinator of the Department of Architecture Michael Fox, Associate Professor Luis Hoyos, Professor Pablo La Roche, Ph.D, Professor Denise Lawrence, Ph.D, Professor, Graduate Coordinator for Regenerative Studies Juintow Lin, Associate Professor Sarah Lorenzen, Associate Professor, Chair of the Department of Architecture Gary McGavin, AIA, Professor, Director of College of the Extended University Programs Alexander (Sasha) Ortenberg, Ph.D, AIA, Associate Professor Axel Prichard-Schmitzberger, Associate Professor George Proctor, Professor Irma Ramirez, Professor Marc Schulitz, Assistant Professor Hofu Wu, Arch.D, FAIA, Professor
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Lecturers German Aparicio Orhan Ayyuce Steven Chodoriwsky Frank Clementi Mitchell de Jarnett Andrea Dietz Ana Escalante-Lenz, AIA Graham Ferrier Jose Herrasti Nadim Itani Jeff Landreth David Maestres Dennis McFadden, FAIA Duane McLemore Ehsaan Mesghali Barry Milofsky, AIA Ruth Oh Alex Pang Marta Perlas, AIA Behn Samareh Katrin Terstegen Allyne Winderman, FAIA Nathan Wittasek To learn more about the educational and professional experience of the faculty visit: http://www.cpp.edu/~arc/faculty.html
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Editorial Team: Marc Schulitz, Faculty Editor Kyat Chin, Matthew Azpilicueta
Acknoledgements: This publication would have not been possible without the efforts of the faculty, the students and the Cal Poly AIAS, especially: Saba Salekfard, Zachary Green, Lauren Weiss Bricker, Sarah Lorenzen, Michael Fox, Alba Galaviz, and everyone collecting materials Book design by Marc Schulitz
CPP ARC Š Copyright California State Polytechnic University Pomona, College of Environmental Design, Department of Architecture First Printing, 2015 All rights reserved by individual authors who are solely responsible for their content. No part of this work covered by the copyright may be reproduced or used in any form by any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including recording, taping, or information storage and retrieval systems without prior permission of the copyright owner. Printing: Graphic Comuniation Services, Cal Poly Pomona Printed in the United States
ISBN 978-0-9966197-1-4
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