Hole in the Heart Causes, Signs & Symptoms
Intro • A normal heart is divided into two sides, the left and the right, separated by a wall known as the septum. • A hole in the septum dividing the upper left and right heart chambers is known as Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) • A septum hole of the lower chambers is known as Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD).
Causes of The Hole in The Heart • Genetics
A child may be at a higher risk of septal defect if either parent has a congenital heart defect. However, it is quite rare for a family to have more than one child with the defect.
• Presence of other genetic disorders
Children with a hereditary disorder like Down syndrome often also have a heart defect from birth.
• Smoking
Babies born to mothers who smoked during pregnancy are prone of various congenital heart defects like ASD and VSD.
Read about symptoms of Congenital Heart Defects.
Symptoms • Heart murmur • Fatigue • Shortness of breath, palpitations • Bluish skin colour • Rapid breathing
Screening Tests • ASD and VSD are diagnosed through the following: – Physical exam (The doctor listens to the heart and lungs with a stethoscope for heart murmur) – Echocardiography – Electrocardiogram (EKG) – Chest x-ray – Cardiac catheterization – Pulse oximetry
Read details about Atrial Septal Defect surgery and get cost estimate for ASD surgery for FREE.
Treatment • Based on regular check ups, a doctor may suggest treatment on children with a medium or large hole at two to five years of age. • Treatment generally involves Surgical or Catheter procedures to seal the hole.
– Surgery: An incision in the chest allows the surgeon to cover the hole with a special patch. – Catheter procedure: Performed under anaesthesia, the procedure involves inserting a catheter in the vein of the groin and threading it up towards the septum.
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