Portfolio Cristian Bas Harvard MLA I AP 22' by cristianbassilva

CRISTIÁN BAS SILVA

2009-2021

ARCHITECTURE PORTFOLIO HARVARD, Master in Landscape Architecture AP cbas@gsd.harvard.edu

CONTENTS · MIES HOUSE (Academic) · CHACABUCO BUILDING (Academic) · EBNER BEWERY RENOVATION (Academic) · BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH PARK NASA’S PLANETARY LAKE LANDER (Academic) · MAITENCILLO PARK (Professional) · BLACK HOUSE (Professional) · NEK MATANZAS (Professional)

MIES HOUSE Academic | Residential | Landscape Los Vilos | Coquimbo Region | Chile

FARNSWORTH HOUSE 1945 - 1960

RESOR HOUSE 1938

GERMAN PAVILION - BARCEONA EXPO. 1928 - 1929

.- intermediate spaces from interior/exterior

.- emptiness by contrast between the construction and the river

.- fluidity of the space

*OCHOALCUBO - OCHO QUEBRADAS FACULTY Martín Hurtado | Ignacio Correa www.martinhurtado.cl | www.ignaciocorrea.com

The process encourages us to develop a research project based on Mies Van der Rohe’s architectural principles. With that concepts, propose a residential project that could integrate its natural context. Los Vilos was the stage for the “OchoalCubo” project (ChileanJapanese Architecture Collaboration), a 300km wild beach in the northern part of Chile with desert vegetation, extremely high-speed wind, and massive cliffs besides de Pacific Ocean. The first approach was drawing by hand many strategies that Mies had for three essential projects depicting “emptiness” and the connection between interior and exterior. The simplicity of the structure and the transparency bring the exterior inside the layout of the Farnsworth House. Also, the Resor House expresses a unique relationship with nature by enhancing emptiness by lifting the structure above the river. Finally, the flow of space between the interior and the exterior in a constant connection accomplished in the German Pavilion at the Barcelona Exhibition. That emptiness is the protagonist in most of its projects and, therefore, the main actor in my proposal’s design.

.- PROJECT MODELS

The residential house was divided into two volumes separating the common area with private use. The connection between both volumes is in the middle, activating that center void produced by its tension. That new space is the project’s core proposal, where the ocean’s presence and the cliff’s breaks extend its experience limitlessly. The rooms were joined together by a continuous corridor, being transformed by the use of sliding doors. When those are open, the private rooms could take advantage of that great fluidity of space and its panoramic sea views inside the house. They were also proposals for construction and structure methods that related Mies’s outstanding strategies. The building was lifted from the ground to protect the delicate native species present in the landscape. Additionally, to give lightness to a simple structure lost into the endless ocean.

PROPOSAL SCHEMES

Four facades with different possibilities, whereas horizontality predominates above all ideals, the project stands over the sea as a clean geometric element that conquers the apex that is understood from the ocean.

PLAN VIEW

.- FROM THE ACCESS THE HOUSE APPEAR FROM UNDER THE CLIFF

.- THE NEW SPACE IS THE RESULT OF THE SEPARATION OF THE TWO ELEMENTS

SECTION A-A´

NORTH ELEVATION

SOUTH ELEVATION

.- THE AXIS IS CORONATED WITH THE NEW HORIZONTAL ELEMENT

The project is located in a historic district nearby the downtown of Santiago, the capital of Chile. It features essential metropolitan parks, the National Library, the National Planetarium, The Contemporary Art Museum, and the Civil Rights Museum. Although it is surrounded by award-winning design buildings and the crucial cultural infrastructure of Chile’s history, this district is considered one of the most dangerous areas of the capital. Many interventions have been done, and a significant urban renewal ideal. However, there are relevant urban elements that are being left out of consideration. These elements are represented as the classic Chilean House – Casa Chilena – and the concept of “Cités,” which are continuous facade houses in the center of a typical urban block. Because of social injustice and poor access to education, this area has served as a refugee for drugs and prostitution. I selected an area of one Cité that collapsed during the last massive 8.8 earthquake in Santiago in 2008. Moreover, some Chilean houses support the proposal of the building as public infrastructure. Those connections are typical among the surroundings blocks, so my proposal is a four-story building that connects the urban blocks’ interior, creating a system between urban corridors. Its new connection communicate my projects with a recently renovated park, public transportation, three public schools, and two churches.

DIAGONAL LINES THAT DEPICTED THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CITÉ AND THE STREET

The designing process started with a diagram that connected the exterior with diagonals lines to the Cité. The building has common uses for residents than the general public; commercial offices, co-working areas, and community services are placed vertically between levels. From the first floor to the consecutive ones, they finish at the top with a shared terrace for all residents and spectacular views. The final process was designing many physical models to achieve the construction of the initial diagram. Those diagonals cross the ground and impact the space of the building in three dimensions. Its morphology generates areas that are related to each other by the support of interior gardens. Those interiors serve as a place for respect and rescue of the past’s values by creating a cultural site for a specific community.

.- PROJECT MODELS

The Ebner Brewery is an Architectural Monument that is almost in ruins because of our constant earthquakes. It is located in Santiago near vital public infrastructure such as the national cemetery, the University of Chile, the Metropolitan Park, etc. There is a proposal for a shopping center built in the 2.5 acres site where the monument is situated. We propose to defeat the shopping mall project with a residential and mixed-use proposal that could relate respectfully with the historical building and encourage open public space.

GRAFIA MUSICAL JUEVES 11:00 PM

GRAFIA MUSICAL SÁBADO 15:00 PM

GRAFIA MUSICAL VIERNES 19:00 PM

.- PROPOSAL FOR THE MAIN ACCESS, THE “FOYER BETWEEN THE MONUMENT AND THE NEW BUILDINGS

The design process started with quoting many statements of Peter Zumthor’s “Thinking Architecture,” in which many ideas related to music composition – Mozart and Bach – were guidelines for designing through the senses. Additionally, contemporary composer John Cage refers that the excellent condition of a musical piece is the environment and audience. He was able to transform noises from people and public spaces into the actors of his work. We recorded different noise walking on the block and other streets at different timing. Then, we transform those recordings into circular graphs charts to construct the noise fluctuation into a model to scheme how sound traveled in the area. After that result, we were able to make models and diagrams that depicted areas of higher and lower decibels of noise. The connection between each area defined the places to intervene. For instance, some openings and closures that appeared on the The block’s perimeter enables the landscape to enter the project and the buildings to rise from the ground, creating a solid relationship between infrastructure and landscape.

.- PROJECT MODEL

.- SOUND MOLDING THE BLOCK

.- SECTION A-A´

.- THE CONTRAST BETWEEN THE OLD AND THE NEW

The Ebner Brewery Monument becomes an essential Foyer of the project, as the transition space from the street into the center of the block the old building is situated just in the middle. The brewery’s construction materials featured bricks and arches that contrasted the new buildings’ contemporary proposal.

.- PROJECT MODELS .- SECTION B-B´AND VEGETATION PROPOSAL

.- THE UNDERGROUND PLATFORMS THAT ARE PROTECTED FROM THE NOISE AND THE LANDSCAPE´S NEW RELATION

The site selected is in the farthest western area of the 100km long ecological band called “Ecotone.” This band was designated by researcher Dr. Cristina Felsenhardt, who guided my work through this entire year. This ecological band results from a conserved area for the city’s future, blocking the expansion of the building block towards the Andes. Laguna Negra is situated in San José de Maipo district. Its dimension represents almost 50% of the territorial surface of the Metropolitan Region of Chile (5,072 km2). Despite its magnitude, its population density doesn’t exceed 15,000 people and will keep decreasing over time. San José de Maipo has outstanding geographic features and essential biological diversity that are key for keeping Santiago safe. But there are no educational resources nor companies dedicated to protecting these rivers, volcanoes, glaciers, and minerals in the Region. Laguna Negra’s discovery, around 130 years ago by the first Chilean explorers, is still protected because it has the most extensive water resource of the Chilean capital. It is concessioned by a private developer called Aguas Andinas. The future protection of this place is vital to preserving life in the city. The protagonist here is not the lagoon, but the Glacier in the northern area of Laguna Negra that has fed it for millenniums. However, the temperatures had increased over time, and we have shorter rain seasons during winter due to climate change. The Glacier has been melting faster than before, transforming many microbiological resources in the lagoon’s depth. NASA has been researching this evolution in Laguna Negra’s cristal waters because of the 2,700 meters above sea level and the extreme climate variability. Laguna Negra is the perfect stage for research and training outer space missions for the future. Since 2011 NASA has been testing robots and other technological prototypes that will be used in the future Planetary Lake Lander mission to search for life in the moons of Saturn. My proposal mapped relevant information gathered by NASA and the Chilean scientists. To consolidate the area as a protective research park mixed with the experiences lived by the antique explorer. Moreover, I propose constructing a modular research lab to accommodate the scientist in the future—a sustainable infrastructure connected with this remote landscape.

.- THE CAVE VISITED BY THE OLD EXPLORERS AND NASA MODERN SCIENTISTS

.- NEW CARTOGRAPHY FOR THE MASTERPLAN´S RESEARCH

.- SECTION OF THE WESTERN ECOTONO [SANTIAGO´S ECOLOGICAL BAND PROPOSAL]

The “Research Park” resulted from every iconic spot between the scientists and the historical record from the first explorers. Every path supported future investigations, all the meteorological stations, docks, the cliffs, the waterfall, and the incredible cave that the first explorers write about it in their first texts. This masterplan consolidate “Laguna Negra” as a natural lab – a park that connects nature with science. .- REASERCH PARK - MASTERPLAN

The concept of “Ecotone” (line or dividing area between two vegetative species) works as the main actor in the park’s layout on the lagoon’s south beach. The biotic matter is enhanced by contrasting from the abiotic (red and white granite). That differentiation creates lines in the soil that were considered a new system of paths that travel through natural distribution.

.- VIEW FROM THE SCIENTIST SITE

.- THE FIRST EXPLORERS TRAVEL TO THE UNKNOWN

.- PROJECT SITE MORPHOLOGY

NASA´s Planetary Lake Lander Lab is situated in the last area with possible access by car. To demonstrate a limit, which defends nature from the Anthropocene. The building is divided into three volumes that emerge from the rocks as designed on a foreign planet. Its walls extend to the exterior as roots to connect the paths of the park.

.- LAB FIRST DRAWINGS

Viewpoints that showed the most important postcards of the landscape. These stations are the end of those path with vertical elements as symbols same as the aboriginal territory “..a light line that reinvent the landscape screen ..” (Careri, F. (2014). Walkscapes (2nd ed.). GG.)

The red element is a lifted runway platform that connects the three volumes of the lab connecting the exterior to the interior. .- LABORATORY BUILDING SITE PROPOSAL

.- PROJECT MODELS

.- PLAN VIEW

CONSTRUCTIVE PROCESS

BIM development for construction stages to efficiency in transportation

FOUNDATIONS

OBSERVATORY

PILARS

COATING

BEAMS

WINDOWS

The Lab proposal is to have a visually heavy volume effect for the viewer. However, it is modular, fast assembly, and is capable of producing its energy. ‘The project is a rock that unfolds itself in the territory, conquering the exterior with walls that approximate landscape’

.- PROJECT MODEL

.- SECTION A-A´

.- SECTION B-B´

.- SECTION C-C´

.- VIEW FROM BELOW THE CLIFF - THE LABORATORIES EMERGE AS PART OF THE LANDCAPE CONTEXT

.- PROJECT MODELS

*PRIVATE AWARD WINNER FOR REAL-STATE PROJECT PROPOSAL PROJECT TEAM Cristián Bas [head of Architecture] | Macarena Bas [head of Design]

Seventeen acres of land, fulfill with eucalyptus trees that dry-out the water resources of its context. The proposal replaced them over time by native species. A walking ring surrounded the project’s perimeter to connect every private unit inside this new community. Moreover, I propose refurbishing an intermittent ravine to a public area for residents as the heart of the project.

.- PRINCIPAL ACCESS GATE

The access area was designed by diagonal lines that create a distance from the public street. Stack stone walls and dark wood finishes were the most critical materials used in the project,

28,15

.- CONCEPT PROPOSAL .- WALKING RING SECTION TYPE

.- MASTERPLAN

.- NATURE ESSENCE

.- RESIDENTIAL SITES

.- NEW SPECIES PROPOSAL

.- CONCEPTUAL DRAWING, LANDSCAPE TRANSITION

We were in charge of all City Hall´s regulation, blueprints designing, costs, and the construction of all urbanistic specialties (roads, lighting and electric power, fresh-water and parks). For construction managment we use photogrametry with drone images, and 3D modeling for costs schedules.

.- ACCESS GATE

The landscape proposal was the most importante esence of the project. Colors such as purpule and blue were the protagonist in this new nature that could deplete the the dark-green eucalyptus trees over time. .- NEW COLORS

BLACK HOUSE

.- WALKING RING CONNECTED TO THE CENTER VOID OF THE HOUSE

*SELF-MANAGMENT PROJECT PROTOTYPE PROJECT TEAM Cristián Bas [head of Architecture] | Macarena Bas [head of Design]

A 1,800 sqf modular ecofriendly prototype that enables new owners in Maitencillo Park to replicate in order to have a fast construction process that is thought as a connector between the walking ring and the private houses. We designed this project with Lousina Pacific Chilean Team in order to deliver an eficient construction process with modular sections of oriented strand board beams and wood boards. Every part of the house is in a BIM 3D model that asure no wasted materials and control temperature inside of it. .- STRUCTURAL ESSENTIALS PARTS AND PIECES

.- WE NEEDED SOMETHING SIMPLE AND EFFICIENT

.- NORTH VIEW

.- CONSTRUCTION PROCESS

CORTE X-X DETALLE BAJADA AGUA LLUVIA ESC 1:20

.- CONSTRUCTION PROCESS

.- SEPARATED FACADE DETAIL PINEWOOD 2X3"

TORCH AND FLOP - MEMBRANE

ROOF BRACING PINEWOOD 1X6"

STRUCTURAL OSB 15mm

TORCH AND FLOP - MEMBRANE

LP BEAM I JOIST 24.1cm

24,1

PINEWOOD 2X3"

INSULATION LAYER

17,41

ALUMNIUM MULLION 20x20mm

PINEWOOD 2X5"

LP TECHSHIELD 15mm LP PAINT PANEL R4

LP HOMEWRAP

PINEWOOD 2X2" CEPILLADO

ALUMINIUM LATTICE

WATER DISCHARGE

EXTERIOR HEAT PROTECTION

243,54

252,4

S.I.P PANEL

INTERIOR

PVC TERMOPANEL WINDOW

INSULATION LAYER

WIND COOLER SYSTEM

PINEWOOD 1X4"

INSULATION LAYER 1,5

LP BEAM I JOIST 24.1cm

24,1

.- ARCHITECTURE AND LANDSCAPE PLAN VIEW

FLOOR INSULATION LAYER LP TECHSHIELD 15mm STRUCTURAL OSB 15mm

PINEWOOD 2.5X3"

CONCRETE FOUNDATION HUMIDITY BLOCK - WIND VENTILATION

TERRAIN LEVEL

Highly resistant for earthquakes, this fast construction home has another key feature for temperature balance. Its facade is separated from the structure in 7,5 centimeters from the core, letting cool wind circulate to the interior of the structure. This way only the exterior get heated from the outside, and this air behind help insulate its interior.

.- BIM MODEL

.- CONSTRUCTION PROCESS

The model served as a guide for project management and as a tool during the construction of the first prototype. Our first experience let us realize that many decisions that were made during the initial process did not flourish to the end, but everything that the model expect to develop was in the right track for other prototypes.

.- BIM MODEL

NEK MATANZAS Professional | Landscape | Hotel Matanzas | O´Higgins Region | Chile

*PRIVATE AWARD WINNER FOR PROJECT PROPOSAL PROJECT TEAM Cristián Bas [head of Architecture] | Macarena Bas [head of Design]

Two oceanfront land owners needed a proposal for an Apart Hotel that could have 4 houses and 2 service area that were capable to avoid each others views. Its facade needed to be continuous for city hall obligations. To make that happen we propose to incorporate two rocks in the ocean as guidelines to bring diagonal lines that drew the entire project and each of the volumes position. Every part of the project was designed in a BIM model to its efficiency during the construction process. .- MODELS EVOLVING TO FINAL PROPOSAL

.- ROCKS

.- DECOMPOSITION SCHEME

.- PROPOSAL SCHEME

.- PROJECT DIAGONALS

.- PROJECT MODEL

.- ROCKS VIEW

.- FIRST FLOOR PLAN VIEW

.- SECTION

.- SECOND FLOOR PLAN VIEW