Scoliosis is an abnormal curvature of the spine. It causes the spine to curve in a “C” or “S” shape. It’s common, affecting around 3 out of every 100 people in the US.1
Scoliosis can occur in babies, young children, teens, and adults, but it most often starts developing in kids between the ages of 10 and 15.2 Early detection and treatment are key. When scoliosis is caught early, doctors can stop it from getting worse, preventing possible problems and the need for more invasive treatment down the line.
About 85% of cases are “idiopathic”, meaning they have no known cases. 3 Researchers believe there may be a genetic component, since 30% of people with idiopathic scoliosis have a relative with the condition.2 15-20% of scoliosis cases are caused by:1 • Congenital problems • Certain diseases, like cerebral palsy • Degenerative conditions, like arthritis
Signs of scoliosis vary depending on the degree of the spinal curve. Mild cases are often not noticeable. When a person does have symptoms, they can include: • One shoulder blade that is higher or sticks out more than the other • Uneven hips • Ribs more prominent (sticking out) on one side of the body • Head tilting to one side • A twisting/rotating spine • Problems breathing • Back pain
Orthopedic spine specialists diagnose scoliosis using a variety of tests, including: Physical exam: The doctor observes the spine while the patient is standing upright and while bending forward. Imaging tests, such as: • X-ray: Creates a picture of the spine using small amounts of radiation • MRI scan: Creates a detailed picture of the bones and surrounding tissues using radio and magnetic waves • CT scan: Creates 3-D pictures of the spine at different angles using X-rays • Bone scan: Uses a radioactive solution to highlight spinal abnormalities
Milder forms of scoliosis may only require observation. If your child has a milder form of scoliosis that is not progressing rapidly, your doctor may recommend observing the condition as your child grows. The doctor will take X-rays, and possibly other imaging tests, every 6 to 12 months to monitor the progression until your child is fully grown.
Some people with scoliosis may need to wear a custom-designed back brace. If a person with a spinal curvature between 20 and 30 degrees is still growing and the condition is getting worse. If a person has a curvature between 20 to 29 degrees and at least two more years to grow. Braces do not correct spinal curvature; rather, they prevent it from getting worse— this is why early detection is so important.
People with a curvature of more than 45 degrees may need spinal fusion surgery. During this surgery, an orthopedic surgeon fuses the vertebrae of the spine together using rods, screws, and bone grafts. The rods keep the spine straight and the screws hold the rods in place. Over time the bone graft and vertebrae fuse into a single bone. Treatment with surgery is considered a last resort for advanced cases of scoliosis.
If you experience symptoms like back pain while standing or numbness, weakness, or electric shock-like pain in one or both legs, especially if you have a derivative condition like arthritis, you should make an appointment to see the doctor. Take your child to the doctor if you notice signs of scoliosis, especially if you have a family history of the condition. In children, it's common for friends, teachers, or coaches to notice signs of scoliosis first. If your primary care doctor suspects scoliosis, he or she will likely refer you to an orthopedic spine specialist. With the right treatment approach, scoliosis can be managed well.
The skilled orthopedic specialists at Crystal Run Healthcare are dedicated to ensuring scoliosis patients receive the best care possible. Our orthopedists utilize the latest research and technology to treat and manage the symptoms of scoliosis and other orthopedic conditions. Catching scoliosis early allows our specialists to help children and adults with the condition maintain the best quality of life. If you suspect your child may have scoliosis, you can easily book an appointment with many Crystal Run Healthcare physicians through the website or contact us if you need additional assistance.
1.
https://www.healthline.com/health/dextroscoliosis
2.
https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases--conditions/idiopathic-scoliosis-in-children-andadolescents
3.
https://www.medicinenet.com/scoliosis/article.htm