Leading State Corrections and Criminal Justice Reform Summit State Summary Iowa Supported by
Crime and Corrections
Overall Violent Crime Rate in Iowa (Incidents per 100,000 Residents), 2007–2017
Change in Property Crime Rate, 2007–2017
Property Crime Rate Rank Nationally, 2017
33rd highest
19%
Change in Property Crime Rate, by Crime Category, 2007–2017
Burglary
- 15%
Larceny
- 22%
Motor Vehicle Theft
Source: FBI, Crime in the U.S., 1960–2017.
Source: FBI, Crime in the U.S., 1960–2017.
Change in Violent Crime Rate, by Crime Category, 2007–2017
Homicide
+ 175%
Rape
+ 12%
+ 9%
Robbery Aggravated Assault
Change in Prison and Supervision Populations
- 9% - 4%
Prison
Supervision
+ 3%
+ 35%
2007–2017
2006–2016*
Source: FBI, Crime in the U.S., 1960–2017.
Violent Crime Rate Rank Nationally, 2017
34th highest *BJS released 2017 prison data, but supervision data is only through 2016.
Source: FBI, Crime in the U.S., 1960–2017.
Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics. Correctional Statistical Analysis Tool (CSAT).
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Behavioral Health
Percent Change in Drug Overdose Death Rate (per 100,000 Residents), 2007–2017*
Drug Overdose Death Rate (per 100,000 Residents), 2017*
250%
AK
ME VT
200%
WA
MT ID
150% OR 100%
WY NV
CA
+ 67%
ND
MN SD NE
CO
NM
50%
MI
IA
UT AZ
WI
OK
IL
IN
MO KS
KY
AR LA
HI 0%
MT OR WY UT WA NM OK MS CA TX NV KS CO LA HI AZ AR GA AL FL IA ID TN NE SC MO WI ND AK VA NC SD MN VT KY NY MA MI IL IN RI CT WV NH MD ME PA DE OH NJ
*Age-adjusted death rates were used. See source for information on age-adjusted rates.
OH WV
TN
MS
TX
NY PA
MD
VA AL
NH
MA NJ
RI
CT
DE
NC SC
GA FL
fewer than 10
drug overdose deaths per 100,000 residents
10 to 19
drug overdose deaths per 100,000 residents
20 to 29 30 or more
drug overdose deaths per 100,000 residents
Source: CDC, Increases in Drug and Opioid-Involved Overdose Deaths, United States.
Reported Use of Behavioral Health Screening for People on Probation, 2017
a.
Specialized screening for behavioral health needs
Criminogenic risk and b. needs assessment, but no specialized screening
c.
d.
Number of Residents per Behavioral Health Care Provider, 2019
Screening varies by county or local jurisdiction
Screening occurs intermittently or not at all
Source: CSG Justice Center, structured interviews, Aug. 2017.
760 180
1,180
greatest capacity
least capacity
Source: Mental Health America, The State of Mental Health in America, 2017.
drug overdose deaths per 100,000 residents
Source: CDC, Increases in Drug and Opioid-Involved Overdose Deaths, United States.
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Employment and Programming Allows arrests to be cleared from criminal records when charges aren’t filed?
Number of Statutory and Regulatory Restrictions on Employment Due to Criminal Convictions by State, 2018 1,200 AK
VT
The effect of each restriction on employment varies based on the breadth of the statute and regulation. To learn more, see the National Inventory of Collateral Consequences of Conviction at https://niccc.csgjusticecenter.org.
1,000
800
ME
WA
MT ID
OR
600
WY NV
CA
414
ND
MN
SD
UT AZ
400
MI
IA NE
CO
NM
WI
MO KS
OK
TX HI
IL
IN KY
AR LA
NY OH
WV TN
MS
PA
MD
VA AL
NH
MA NJ
RI
CT
DE
NC SC
GA FL
200
TX CA OH NY IL FL OK OR LA NJ NH TN NC WA AZ MD GA AR VA KY PA WV AL NV MS CO MA NM RI IN MO IA SC MI UT ID NE CT DE ME KS WI AK MN ND MT SD WY HI VT
0
Source: National Inventory of Collateral Consequences of Conviction
Reports using program assessment and/or recidivism studies to evaluate community-based programs? (2017)
Source: CSG Justice Center, structured interviews, Aug. 2017.
Probation
Yes
Parole
Yes
11 states
automatically clear records of arrests that don’t result in charges
27 states
allow record clearance through petition or court motion when charges are not filed
12 states
do not allow for record clearance when charges are not filed
Source: Clean Slate Clearinghouse, accessed Feb. 2019.
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Community Supervision Probation Rate (per 100,000 Adults) by State, 2016* Georgia* Rhode Island Ohio Idaho Minnesota Michigan* Indiana Delaware New Jersey Colorado Hawaii Texas Pennsylvania Washington Maryland Connecticut Arizona Kentucky Alabama Arkansas Florida Mississippi Iowa Tennessee Alaska Illinois Massachusetts Oklahoma Oregon Louisiana Montana Nort h Dakota Wyoming Nort h Carolina South Dakota Wisconsin Vermont Nebraska Missouri Virginia South Carolina New Mexico California Kansas Maine New York Nevada Utah West Virginia New Hampshire
Reports using risk assessment tools that have been validated on supervision population since 2012? (2017)
Probation
Yes Rates over 2,000 per 100,000 adults are equivalent to 1 or more adults on probation out of every 50.
1,213
Has statutory cap of five years or less on probation terms?
Yes
Parole
Yes Has statutory mechanism for shortening probation terms?
Yes
Reports authorizing supervision officers to use jail as a sanction without having to return to court? (2017)
Probation
Parole
No
No
Reported Use of Core Correctional Practices for Probation, 2017
*Georgia and Michigan did not report probation 2016 data to BJS, so 2015 rates are presented here.
Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics. Correctional Statistical Analysis Tool (CSAT).
No
New officer training
No
Refresher training
No
Performance evaluations
Source: CSG Justice Center, structured interviews, Aug. 2017.
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Recidivism On any given day in Iowa, 3,429 people are incarcerated as a result of a supervision violation at an annual cost to the state of $133 million. Technical supervision violations account for $51 million of this total amount, and new offense supervision violations make up $82 million. These figures do not account for the substantial local costs of keeping people in jail for supervision violations.
Tracks and Publishes Probation and Parole Revocations to Prison? (2017)
Probation
Parole
Yes
Yes
Source: CSG Justice Center, structured interviews, Aug. 2017.
Tracks and Publishes Recidivism for People Released from Prison in a Given Year? (2017)
Reincarceration
Yes
Reconviction
No
Rearrest
No
Source: CSG Justice Center review of state reports.
Tracks and Publishes Recidivism for People Starting Probation in a Given Year? (2017)
Reincarceration
Yes
Reconviction
No
Rearrest
No
Source: CSG Justice Center review of state reports. Source: CSG Justice Center, Confined and Costly 2019.
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The Council of State Governments (CSG) Justice Center is a national nonprofit, nonpartisan organization that combines the power of a membership association, representing state officials in all three branches of government, with policy and research expertise to develop strategies that increase public safety and strengthen communities. Points of view, recommendations, or findings stated in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the CSG Justice Center or CSG’s members. For more information about the CSG Justice Center, visit www.csgjusticecenter.org.
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