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Cambridge Global English With varied activities – including puzzles and quizzes – these workbooks help your learners practise and consolidate what they have learnt. The activities also support the reading, writing and Use of English strands of the Cambridge English as a Second Language Primary curriculum framework. This new edition provides more grammar practice with a short grammar presentation, followed by activities differentiated into three tiers: Focus, Practice and Challenge. Ideal for use in the classroom or for homework.
CAMBRIDGE
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Global English
• Process writing pages consolidate your learners’ knowledge of text types including literature • Three-tiered grammar exercises offer practice opportunities to suit the needs of every learner • Varied activity types keep learners interested • Write-in for ease of use • Answers for all activities can be found in the accompanying teacher’s resource
Workbook 4
of resources for the Cambridge Primary English as a Second Language curriculum framework (0057) from 2020
✓ H as passed Cambridge International’s rigorous quality-assurance process
✓ Developed by subject experts ✓ For Cambridge schools worldwide
Completely Cambridge Cambridge University Press works with Cambridge Assessment International Education and experienced authors to produce high-quality endorsed textbooks and digital resources that support Cambridge Teachers and encourage Cambridge Learners worldwide. To find out more visit cambridge.org/cambridge-international
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✓ P rovides learner support as part of a set
Jane Boylan & Claire Medwell
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This resource is endorsed by Cambridge Assessment International Education
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For more information on how to access and use your digital resource, please see inside front cover.
Registered Cambridge International Schools benefit from high-quality programmes, assessments and a wide range of support so that teachers can effectively deliver Cambridge Primary. Visit www.cambridgeinternational.org/primary to find out more.
Second edition
Digital access
Original material © Cambridge University Press 2020. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
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We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
Original material Š Cambridge University Press 2020. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
CAMBRIDGE
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Global English
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for Cambridge Primary English as a Second Language
Workbook 4
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Claire Medwell & Jane Boylan
Original material Š Cambridge University Press 2020. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
Contents
Contents 1 Our community 1.1 Why are all families special?
8 10
1.3
Adverbs of frequency
12
1.4
Organise a community event
14
1.5
The Treasure 16
1.6
Check your progress
1.7
Reflection
FT
1.2 -ing vs infinitive
18 19
2 Earth and beyond
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2.1 Planet Earth
20
2.2 Comparative adjectives
22
2.3 Superlative adjectives
24
2.4 Finding out about space technology
26
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2.5 Not a planet any more 28 2.6 Check your progress
30
2.7 Reflection
31
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3 Homes
3.1 How can we describe where we live?
32
3.2 Infinitives of purpose
34
3.3 Modal verbs of possibility
36
3.4 Famous places
38
3.5 The Hobbit
40
3.6 Check your progress
42
3.7 Reflection
43
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Contents
4 Food 4.1 Do we all eat the same breakfast?
44
4.2 Some and any
46
4.3 Quantifiers
4.4 A fruit poem
48
50
4.5 Charlie and the Chocolate Factory 52 54
4.7 Reflection
55
FT
4.6 Check your progress
5 Adventures
5.1 Creating an adventure story
56
5.2 Instructions
58
5.3 Past simple
60
5.4 Adventure stories
62
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5.5 The Seekers
64
5.6 Check your progress
66
5.7 Reflection
67
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6 Going places 6.1 Getting around
68
6.2 Present simple
70
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6.3 Prepositions of direction 6.4 Travel experiences 6.5 Lost in the desert
72 74 76
6.6 Check your progress
78
6.7 Reflection
79
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Contents
7 Australia 7.1 Weather around the world
80
7.2 Australia
82
7.3 Present perfect
84
7.4 Present continuous with future meaning
86 88
7.6 Check your progress
90
7.7 Reflection
91
FT
7.5 Why emus can’t fly
8 Nature matters 8.1 Nature alert!
92
8.2 Defining relative clauses
94
8.3 will for promises
96
8.4 A personal recount
98
100
8.6 Check your progress
102
8.7 Reflection
103
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8.5 The future of the present
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9 School’s out!
104
9.2 would like
106
9.3 going to
108
9.4 End-of-year celebration
110
9.5 Back to school!
112
9.6 Check your progress
114
9.7 Reflection
115
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9.1 Do you like a challenge?
5 Original material © Cambridge University Press 2020. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
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How to use this book
How to use this book This workbook provides questions for you to practise what you have learned in class. There is a unit to match each unit in your Learner’s Book. Tips to help you with your learning.
2.4 Write about it
Writing tip 1 Our community Use the present simple to describe facts. Remember to add ‘s’ for he, she and it.
1.2 -ing vs infinitive
FT
It takes pictures to send back to Earth.
detective 3 Language Underline all the examples of the present simple in the fact file in Activity 2.
Information to help you find out more about grammar.
4 When Read the article about the together International Space Station. there are two verbs in a sentence, some verbs are Then answer questions complete the fact fiwant, le. followed by the infinitive1–4 (to to + verb): for example, hope, learn,
plan, remember, forget, choose. Verbs with this pattern often
Space satellitesthinking can be enormous or very small. describe and feeling. The smallest satellite is about the size of a We want gosatellite on holiday football, but the to largest – the next summer. 1 Our community International Space Station – is the size-ing of a (verb + -ing): for example, like, love, Other verbs are followed by football pitch! On clear nights, youpractise. can see Verbs with this pattern often describe likes enjoy, prefer, hate, finish, the International Space Station from the Earth and dislikes. because it is so big and bright. Scientists from Evie enjoys playing Russia, the USA,detective Japan, Europefootball and Canadaat the weekend. Language 2.3 Use of English work there. They do science experiments and test When to there are verbsand together in a sentence, some verbs are spacecraft travel totwo the moon Mars. The followed by theStation infinitive (tothe + verb): Practice International Space orbits Earth for at aexample, want, hope, learn, Focus Get it right! plan, remember, forget, Verbs 8with this pattern often height of about 400 km and a choose. speed of nearly 2 How are these places special? 1 describe The Novak family are sport-mad! Read and circle the correct words in the sentences. thinking and per feeling. kmDon’t forget to use per second (27,000 km hour). That’s like Complete the sentences with a superlative adjective. We want to go on holiday next summer. travelling across the United States in about 10 the correct spelling. a Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world. minutes! The International Space Station takes Other verbs are followed by -ing (verb + -ing): for example, like, love, hot – hottest (high) just over 90 minutes to orbit the Earth and does enjoy, prefer, hate, finish, practise. Verbs with this pattern often describe likes tidy – tidiest 15dislikes. orbits a day. river in the world. (long) about b The River Nile is and
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1.2 -ing vs infinitive
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Use the Cambridge Learner Corpus to get your grammar right!
big – biggest
reef in the
c The Great Barrier Reef is world. (beautiful)
Evie playing footballSpace at theStation weekend. Fact enjoys file: The International
and
d The Atacama Desert is one of places on Earth. (hot) (dry)
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Each ofcomplete English lesson 3 Use Read and the text about three planets. Write the words from the box in superlative form. is divided into three parts: long
big
fast
large
1
Focus 1
What is it?
2 Novak What family does it are do?sport-mad! Read and circle the correct words in the sentences. The 3 How big is it?
colourful
Focus: these grammar questions largest planet of all Jupiter is the help you master thebigger basics. the to planets. It is 318 times than
small4 Amazing fact! a Mum and Dad want to go / going on a cycling holiday.
b Evie hopes to start / starting football training next year.
1
c At school Martha is learning to play / playing basketball.
d What do they enjoy to do / doing at the weekend? Earth! Jupiter has a ‘Great Red Spot’, which is a gas storm that has lasted e Max prefers to watch / watching rugby to playing it! hundreds of years! It is the 2 f Remember to take / taking your karate kit to class today, Max! storm in the solar system. a Mum and Dad want to go / going on a cycling holiday. 3 Neptune is the fourth 10 b Evie hopes to start / starting football training next year. planet. It has a ‘Great Spot’ too, but it c Atsmaller school Martha ; it is much than is learning to play / playing basketball. is dark instead of red. Neptune’s spot is the 4 d What do they enjoy to do / doing at the weekend? in the solar system. They Jupiter’s spot. But Neptune’s winds are the 5 planet ine the solar system? travel at 2,000 km per hour! Which is the 6 Max prefers to watch / watching rugby to playing it! That’s Saturn, of course, with its yellow colour and many brightfrings. Remember to take / taking your karate kit to class today, Max!
Challenge 4
6
10
Write about one of the topics using superlative adjectives in your notebook. Use the information in Activities 1–3, and Lesson 2.2 in the Learner’s Book, to help you.
Planets in the solar system
Natural landscapes in your country
• Choose some examples of your topic and research some interesting facts. • Compare the facts and choose suitable ones for superlative sentences. Original material © Cambridge University Press 2020. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication. 25
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3.3 Use of English
How to use this book Get it right!
Practice 2
Complete the sentences with the correct form of must, can't, might or could. More than one answer is possible.
Make sure you use the correct modal 1.2verb. Use of English
I think Mum can might like her. We can could paint a picture to put on the wall. Kate must might not be home – the lights aren’t on.
a I’m certain Alice lives in this house. Practice I can see her cat.
Practice: these grammar questions help you to become more accurate and confident.
2
Find and correct nine mistakes in Faye’s message. must Alice and then in this Underline write the live corrections.
house – that’s her cat.
b Maybe the school is at the end of this road.
The school be at the end of My name’s Faye and I’m from Canada. I live with my family in a house by a big lake. this road. I like play outdoors a lot, especially in the summer when it’s warm.
c I’m sure that building isn’t a post office any more.
My family loves doing activities – we don’t like sit still! We all enjoy to swim in the lake
That building and have picnics in the woods nearby. be a post office any more – no one ever goes in. d Maybe building a theatre. I can see the people waiting outside. My sisterthat is learning paint is – she likes painting animals best. My mum loves likes do most sports,are especially running. Ittake photographs and my bedad a theatre – people waiting outside. I want building know aboutiswhere you live and what you like see doing.clothes I hope hearing from you soon! e That definitely a shop. I can in the window.
be a shop. I can see clothes in the window.
playing
2 Challenge
4
7
5
8
3 3Look at the picture and make guesses to answer the 6 9 questions. a Where do you think the children are?
FT
Challenge: these questions will help you use language fluently and prepare for the next level.
It
1
Get it right!
They must be in a tree house because
Remember to + verb or -ing. Don’t use both. I can seetoausetree.
I want to painting paint my bedroom.
b What’s the weather like?
Challenge c Where do you think the tree is? 3
Write a reply to Faye’s message in Activity 2 in your notebook, telling her about you and your family and friends. Tell her about your likes and dislikes. Use the verbs below to help d How do you think theyou. children know each other? enjoy
like
learn
love
hope
want
e What activities could they do together in the tree house?
11
A
4 Food
Questions that cover what you have learned in the unit. If you can answer these, you are ready to move on to the next unit.
37
4.6 Check your progress
1
Test yourself!
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Complete the sentences with information from each lesson. Solve the puzzle with the missing words. 1
2 5
3
4
6
7
8
9
1.7 Reflection
Across →
Questions to help you think about how you learn.
5
All plants grow from tiny
1.7 Reflection Most fruit is sweet, but some fruit is
.
6
.
7 is made from cacao beans. Think about what you have studied in this unit. 8 A strong storm can make the windows Answer the questions.
.
Down ↓ 1 Apples are hard, but mangoes are . 1 2What topics did you like and why? you plant the seed, clean the pot.
2
3
There’s a
fruit for lunch, but not much.
4
You can
a plant in a recycled container.
9 There isn’t orange juice left. What activities did you like and why?
Challenge 54
2
Make a revision crossword to test your friends!
3
What did you find challenging and why?
4
What help do you need now?
5
What do you want to find out more about?
Original material © Cambridge University Press 2020. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
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1
Our community
1.1 Why are all families special? 1
Vocabulary Family names Find and circle nine family names.
r a u n t h g f d s g
p q w e r t y u i s r
i d f g h j k x c c a
g u i o p m n b o v n
r y u n c l e s u f d
a t r e w q d d s g p
n j s z f r y n i h a
d d d b g t u b n j k
m a f n h m i v r k j
a d g a j u d c t l h
u h h s k m f x y p g
3
y e a e r t y u i o f
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Use the words in Activity 1 to complete the sentences. a My
is my mum’s sister.
b My
is my uncle’s son.
c My
is my dad’s dad.
D
2
A
FT
t r f d s g m n b v c
d My dad’s brother.
is my
e My dad’s mum.
is my
Use the words from Activity 1 and the phrases below to make sentences about your family and friends. Remember to use the correct form of the verb! be into
really like
be keen on
love
My little brother is keen on football.
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1.1 Think about it
4
Use of English Using too, both and but
Mum: go cycling, make cakes, play violin
FT
Look at the activities this family likes to do. Complete the sentences using too, both and but to compare and contrast.
Grandma: make cakes, read, tell stories
like making cakes
b Grandpa goes fishing and he likes c Mum goes cycling, but Dad
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d Mum and Dad both
e Grandma likes telling stories and f
Grandpa: go fishing, tell stories
.
A
a Mum and Grandma both
Dad: play chess, go fishing, play violin
too.
.
.
too.
D
Challenge
5 Write sentences about your family using too, both and but. Then draw your family tree.
9 Original material © Cambridge University Press 2020. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
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1 Our community
1.2 -ing vs infinitive Language detective When there are two verbs together in a sentence, some verbs are followed by the infinitive (to + verb): for example, want, hope, learn, plan, remember, forget, choose. Verbs with this pattern often describe thinking and feeling.
We want to go on holiday next summer.
FT
Other verbs are followed by -ing (verb + -ing): for example, like, love, enjoy, prefer, hate, finish, practise. Verbs with this pattern often describe likes and dislikes.
Evie enjoys playing football at the weekend. Focus
A
The Novak family are sport-mad! Read and circle the correct words in the sentences.
D
R
1
a Mum and Dad want to go / going on a cycling holiday. b Evie hopes to start / starting football training next year.
c At school Martha is learning to play / playing basketball. d What do they enjoy to do / doing at the weekend? e Max prefers to watch / watching rugby to playing it! f Remember to take / taking your karate kit to class today, Max!
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1.2 Use of English
Practice 2
Find and correct nine mistakes in Faye’s message. Underline and then write the corrections.
My name’s Faye and I’m from Canada. I live with my family in a house by a big lake. I like play outdoors a lot, especially in the summer when it’s warm.
FT
My family loves doing activities – we don’t like sit still! We all enjoy to swim in the lake and have picnics in the woods nearby.
My sister is learning paint – she likes painting animals the best. My mum loves take photographs and my dad likes do most sports, especially running.
A
I want know about where you live and what you like doing. I hope hearing from you soon!
playing
1
3
7
5
8
6
9
R
2
4
Get it right!
D
Remember to use to + verb or -ing. Don’t use both.
I want to painting paint my bedroom.
Challenge 3
Write a reply to Faye’s message in Activity 2 in your notebook, telling her about you and your family and friends. Tell her about your likes and dislikes. Use the verbs below to help you. enjoy
like
learn
love
hope
want
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1 Our community
1.3 Adverbs of frequency Language detective
never
hardly ever
sometimes
often
usually
always
Adverbs of frequency show how often something happens.
Focus Be a language detective!
A
1
FT
I always go to school by bus. I am never late. Eva sometimes has a swimming lesson at the weekend. Eva’s swimming lessons are usually one hour long.
Circle the adverb of frequency in each sentence.
a The school cook usually serves vegetables every day.
R
b The librarian always helps us in the library. c I am hardly ever late for football practice.
d The school nurse is often busy on Sports Day.
D
e The class teacher sometimes brings prizes to class. f The caretaker never forgets to close the school gate.
Get it right!
Remember that the adverb goes before the main verb but after the verb to be.
Always I have loved playing football. ✘ I have always loved playing football. ✓ He usually is at maths club.
✘
He is usually at maths club.
✓
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1.3 Use of English
Practice 2
Circle the correct words in the sentences. a Our caretaker usually opens / opens usually the school at 8 a.m. b Our PE teacher rides always / always rides his bike to school. c Our headmistress stands often / often stands at the school gates in the morning. d We sometimes see / see sometimes our class teacher in town at the weekend. e My best friend is hardly ever / hardly ever is absent from school.
FT
f Our school is never / never is quiet because it is near a busy road.
Challenge 3
Tick (✓) the jobs you do in your house. Use your dictionary to help you.
feed the pets wash the car
clean your bike lay the table
tidy your bedroom
D
R
make your bed
sweep the floor
A
wash the dishes
4
Write sentences about what jobs you do in your home. Use adverbs of frequency.
I always make my bed.
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1 Our community
1.4 Organise a community event Santa Cruz Beach Buddies present
THE BIG BEACH CLEAN-UP! 9 a.m. – 2 p.m. • Come and join us!
FT
Sat 11 May
• Work together to clean up our beach! • Interested? Call Kate on 0765 233 455 or email kate@bbcleanup.com
A
Meet us at …
Ali’s Café, Pier 1, Big Beach, Santa Cruz Bin bags and litter pickers provided!
1
R
Find out more about Santa Cruz Beach Buddies at: www.santacruzbeachbuddies.com Read the leaflet and answer the questions. a
What is the problem at Big Beach? What is the reason for the event?
D
b
Underline the name of the event.
Language focus Imperatives Use imperatives to encourage people to do things.
Buy your ticket now! Come and join us! Enjoy a day out!
c
When is the event happening? Circle the date and time.
d
Where does the event start?
e
Who can you contact if you are interested in taking part? How can you contact her?
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1.4 Write about it
2
Use of English Underline all the examples of imperatives in the leaflet.
3
Complete the slogans with the correct verb. a
us clean up the forest.
Bring
b
fun and raise money at the same time!
c
all the fun at Nova Park!
d
the first to fill a bin bag!
Don’t miss Be
Visit
Help
Have
Complete the leaflet with the headings below. What?
When?
a
For more information …
Why?
The Wyman’s Charity Walk
Raise money for Wyman’s Children’s Hospital
A
b c
FT
4
Help
5 October 2019 10 a.m. Join us and walk for Wyman’s!
Write three sentences for the Wyman’s Charity Walk. Use imperatives. Use the verbs from Activity 3 to help you.
D
5
Call Sofia Khan on 0765 233 455 or email sofiak@wymanscw.com
R
d
Join us and walk for Wyman's!
a b c
Challenge 6
Create a leaflet to help a place or a charity that you know.
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1 Our community
1.5 The Treasure A fun game where you look for things that are interesting or special.
b
A fun game where you look for things that are expensive.
FT
a
Read the story again and put the sentences in order. a
The children talk to Mr Polat, the ice cream seller, in the park.
b
The children don’t find any treasure but have a great time looking for it.
c
The teacher, Mrs Damla, gives the children a Treasure Hunt for their weekend homework.
d
Omer and his friend, Azra, decide to do the Treasure Hunt together.
e
1
Then the children ask the gardener if he has seen any treasures. Omer sees the first ‘X’ on the Treasure Hunt map – it’s his house.
D
f
A
2
What is a treasure hunt? Tick (✓) the correct answer.
R
1
g
On Monday, in school, Omer realises that the real treasures are all the nice people in his community.
h
The children ask the librarian if she has any treasures in her library.
i
On the way home, they ask the funny policeman if he has seen any treasures.
j
Then the children ask the vet, who is carrying some kittens.
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1.5 Read and respond
4
Who are the community workers in the story? Match the sentence halves. 1 Mr Polat, the ice cream seller, lets Omer
a outside the community centre.
2 The librarian gives Omer and Azra
b is caring for some sick animals.
3 The policeman helps
c
4 The gardener is planting beautiful flowers
d the children to cross the road.
5 The vet
e
a book to read and cakes to eat.
pay for his ice cream tomorrow.
Vocabulary Community helpers
FT
3
Write the words in the correct part of the Venn diagram. Add two community helpers (more if you can!). vet
shop assistant
teach
er
caretake
nurse
gardener
R
r
cook
librarian
Values Who is a treasure in your community?
D
5
Outside school
A
police officer
At school
Write sentences about them. Write their name and draw their picture in the box.
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1 Our community
1.6 Check your progress Test yourself! Choose the correct answers and write in the space. 1 Sana is the daughter of Mrs Ahmed’s daughter – Sana is Mrs Ahmed’s a niece
b granddaughter
c cousin on classical music.
2 Aunt Jo goes to concerts all the time because she is b fond
c keen
FT
a like
.
3 I like playing chess and Dad likes playing it a but
b too
got long dark hair and brown eyes.
4 I look a lot like my sister. We’ve
5 You play a football 6 I hope
7 He enjoys
a to swim
D
8 Paulo
a usually
9 Sam
a hardly ever
c all
with an egg-shaped ball.
b basketball
c rugby
from you soon. b hear
R
a hearing
b too
A
a both
c both
c to hear
in the lake.
b swimming
c swim
does his homework, so he always gets into trouble. b always
c never
plays football on Saturdays – he never misses a match. b always
c never lots
10 Ezra is a great basketball player and usually of baskets in competitions. a scores 11 Don’t a missing
b throws
c stretches
all the fun at the Family Fun Day! b miss
c to miss
18 Original material © Cambridge University Press 2020. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
.
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1.7 Reflection
1.7 Reflection Think about what you have studied in this unit. Answer the questions.
What topics did you like and why?
2
What activities did you like and why?
3
What did you find challenging and why?
4
What help do you need now?
5
What do you want to find out more about?
D
R
A
FT
1
19 Original material © Cambridge University Press 2020. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
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2
Earth and beyond
2.1 Planet Earth 1 Vocabulary Sort the letters and write the words next to the landscapes.
a
cvloaon
vrire
etdsre
e
d
A
b
c
FT
nimoustna
farisnoetr
f
The cAicrt
ar
ig mh
tfre o h h
ezinglongbea
D
w
R
2 Find and circle thirteen adjectives in the word snake.
ut
ifu
lic
ydryh
w uge
ide
id hum
coolwe
t
3 Find adjectives in the word snake and complete the definitions. a quite hot, but not very hot
warm
e not wet
b quite cold, but not very cold
f
very very big
c very very cold (below 0°C)
g extremely cold
d when there is water in the air
20 Original material © Cambridge University Press 2020. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
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2.1 Think about it
4
Complete the text with words from the box. rainforests
huge
warm
long
high
cool
icy
landscapes
Argentina Argentina means ‘land of silver’. It is a 1 country in South America. The capital city is
FT
Buenos Aires and the official language is Spanish. Argentina has many beautiful 2 are 3
. There
mountains with 4
peaks, called The Andes. The Andes is a very
mountain range and it is famous all over
5
the world. There are also deserts and 6
A
where lots of animals live. In the summer, the weather is , with an average temperature of 28°C.
7
The winter is usually quite 8
, with
R
temperatures between 4°C and 10°C.
Challenge
Draw a map of your country and complete the gaps. Finish the text with your own sentence.
D
5
My country is called
The capital city is
language is
the weather is it’s
. and the official . In the summer, and in the winter,
. We have some
landscapes too; there are .
21 Original material © Cambridge University Press 2020. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
2 Earth and beyond
2.2 Comparative adjectives Language detective We use comparative adjectives to compare things. • Short adjectives: adjective + -er + than
The Thar Desert is smaller than the Sahara Desert. • Adjectives ending in -e add -r:
FT
The Mekong River is wider than the River Thames. • Adjectives ending in -y add -ier:
The weather in Spain is drier than the weather in the UK. • Short adjectives with consonant – vowel – consonant spelling (e.g. big, hot, fat, thin):
Brazil is bigger than Argentina.
A
• Long adjectives: more + adjective + than:
Are lakes more beautiful than rivers? Some adjectives are irregular, e.g. good
– better; bad – worse;
R
many/much – more. In the UK, the weather is often worse in January than December. There are more rainforests in South America than in Europe.
D
Focus 1
Circle the correct words in the sentences. a The Eiffel Tower in Paris is more old / older than the Shard in London. b My brother is more noisy / noisier than me! c
Southern Europe is hotter / hoter than Northern Europe.
d I think very hot weather is more dangerous / dangerouser than very cold weather. e Today, the roads are icier / icyer than yesterday. f
Is East Asia more humid / humider than Europe?
g The weather in Spain is better / more good than the weather in the United Kingdom. h The Amazon River is more short / shorter than the River Nile.
22 Original material © Cambridge University Press 2020. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
2.2 Use of English
Practice 2
Complete the sentences about the two mountains.
Get it right! Don’t forget that adjectives ending in -y change to -ier.
Mount Everest
Kilimanjaro
higher
b Mount Everest is c It’s
than Kilimanjaro. (high)
FT
a Mount Everest is
than Kilimanjaro. (cold)
to get to the very top of Kilimanjaro than Everest. (difficult)
d Mount Everest is
to climb than Kilimanjaro. (dangerous)
e Kilimanjaro is
to climb than Mount Everest! (easy)
How are these landscapes different? Write sentences to compare them. Use the adjectives in the box to help you.
R
3
? (beautiful)
A
f Which mountain do you think is
Challenge
It’s icyer icier today than yesterday.
wide
humid
cold
D
a Sahara Desert / The Arctic
dangerous
icy
long
dry
beautiful
The Arctic is colder than the Sahara Desert.
b Tropical rainforest / Mountains c The Arctic / Tropical rainforest d Volcanoes / Mountains e Rivers / Lakes f The Amazon River / The Great Barrier Reef
4
Use adjectives and comparatives to compare two landscapes in your country. Use the sentences in Activity 2 to help you. Write in your notebook.
23 Original material © Cambridge University Press 2020. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
2 Earth and beyond
2.3 Superlative adjectives Language detective We use superlative adjectives to compare things. • Short adjectives: the + adjective + -est:
Lake Baikal is the deepest lake in the world. • Short adjectives ending in -e add -st:
FT
Tamu Massif is the largest volcano in the world. • Adjectives ending in -y add -iest:
The Atacama Desert is the driest place on Earth. • Short adjectives with consonant – vowel – consonant spelling (e.g. big, hot, fat, thin, etc.):
China is the biggest country in East Asia.
A
• Long adjectives: most + adjective:
Italy is one of the most beautiful countries in Europe. • Some adjectives are irregular, e.g. good – best; bad – worst; many/much – most.
R
In my country, the best weather is in May. In August, we had the worst storm for five years. Focus
Circle the correct words in the sentences.
D
1
a Pluto is the icyest / iciest planet in the solar system. b Mercury is the nearest / most near planet to the Sun. c T he Northern Lights are the more beautiful / most beautiful natural event in Europe.
d M ercury is the most small / smallest planet in the solar system. e Jupiter is the bigest / biggest planet in the solar system. f Earth is the fifth largest / large planet in the solar system. g The desert is the most good / best place to see constellations at night.
24 Original material © Cambridge University Press 2020. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
2.3 Use of English
Practice 2
Get it right!
How are these places special? Complete the sentences with a superlative adjective. a Mount Everest is (high)
the highest
mountain in the world. river in the world. (long)
b The River Nile is
reef in the
c The Great Barrier Reef is world. (beautiful)
hot – hottest tidy – tidiest big – biggest
and
FT
d The Atacama Desert is one of places on Earth. (hot) (dry) 3
Don’t forget to use the correct spelling.
Read and complete the text about three planets. Write the words from the box in superlative form. long
big
fast
large
colourful
small
D
R
A
Jupiter is the 1 largest planet of all the planets. It is 318 times bigger than Earth! Jupiter has a ‘Great Red Spot’, which is a gas storm that has lasted hundreds of years! It is the 2 storm in the solar system. Neptune is the fourth 3 planet. It has a ‘Great Spot’ too, but it ; it is much smaller than is dark instead of red. Neptune’s spot is the 4 in the solar system. They Jupiter’s spot. But Neptune’s winds are the 5 6 planet in the solar system? travel at 2,000 km per hour! Which is the That’s Saturn, of course, with its yellow colour and many bright rings.
Challenge 4
Write about one of the topics using superlative adjectives in your notebook. Use the information in Activities 1–3, and Lesson 2.2 in the Learner’s Book, to help you.
Planets in the solar system
Natural landscapes in your country
• Choose some examples of your topic and research some interesting facts. • Compare the facts and choose suitable ones for superlative sentences.
25 Original material © Cambridge University Press 2020. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
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2 Earth and beyond 1
2.4 Finding out about space technology 1
2 3
Vocabulary Complete the crossword puzzle. Across →
FT
1 It travels around the Earth. It is used for collecting information or communicating by radio or television. 3 I t makes objects in space look bigger and closer. Down ↓
1 It goes into space and comes back to Earth again. A space
.
2 It travels across the ground on another planet.
Complete the fact file with the sentences below about the Hubble Space Telescope.
A
2
a It is about 12 metres long.
b It’s a space telescope that scientists put into Earth’s orbit in 1990. c Hubble can see groups of stars that are trillions of kilometres away.
R
d It takes pictures to send back to Earth.
Fact file: The Hubble Space Telescope What is it?
D
1
It orbits the Earth to get information about planets and other objects in space.
2 What does it do?
It can get better pictures of planets and stars than telescopes on Earth.
3 How big is it? – about the same as two big African elephants! 4 Amazing fact! – that’s millions × millions!
Original material © Cambridge University Press 2020. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
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2.4 Write about it
Writing tip Use the present simple to describe facts. Remember to add ‘s’ for he, she and it.
It takes pictures to send back to Earth. Underline all the examples of the present simple in the fact file in Activity 2.
4
Read the article about the International Space Station. Then answer questions 1–4 to complete the fact file.
FT
3
D
R
A
Space satellites can be enormous or very small. The smallest satellite is about the size of a football, but the largest satellite – the International Space Station – is the size of a football pitch! On clear nights, you can see the International Space Station from the Earth because it is so big and bright. Scientists from Russia, the USA, Japan, Europe and Canada work there. They do science experiments and test spacecraft to travel to the moon and Mars. The International Space Station orbits the Earth at a height of about 400 km and a speed of nearly 8 km per second (27,000 km per hour). That’s like travelling across the United States in about 10 minutes! The International Space Station takes just over 90 minutes to orbit the Earth and does about 15 orbits a day.
Fact file: The International Space Station 1 What is it?
2 What does it do? 3 How big is it? 4 Amazing fact!
27 Original material © Cambridge University Press 2020. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
2 Earth and beyond
2.5 Not a planet any more Write the name under each planet. Use the letters to help you. a M
c
e J
b V
u
f
c
E
d M 2
h r
S
g U
u a
h N
t
Read the poem again. Why isn’t Pluto included with the planets on this page?
Read the sentences about the poem. Write T (true) or F (false) in the boxes. Correct the false sentences.
A
3
p
FT
1
a Pluto is very small.
R
b Pluto is very near to the other planets in the solar system.
c Pluto feels that it is not friends with the other planets.
D
d Everyone says that Pluto is a planet too. e The other planets look the same as Pluto. f Pluto is warm and red. g Pluto thinks that the other planets have beautiful features (such as rings and moons). h Pluto feels sad because it is not included with the other planets.
i
Pluto wants to keep quiet, so people won’t notice it.
28 Original material Š Cambridge University Press 2020. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
2.5 Read and respond
4
Complete the summary of the poem with the words in the box. longs
speck
left out
gems
doubts
5
A
FT
Pluto feels 1 because it doesn’t feel included in the group of planets in the solar system. It thinks that it is not included because it is different to the other planets and this makes it feel sad. The other planets are all big, in powerful, colourful and bright – like 2 3 space. Pluto is very small and far away – a in the distance of the solar system. And it seems that Pluto is right. Many scientists have their 4 that Pluto is a planet at all because of its tiny size. But Pluto to shout loudly and has a big heart and 5 make people pay attention to it! Match the rhyming words from the poem. shout
seas
doubt
R
things
play
them
cold
gems
me
away
rings
D
out
small
6
bold
call
small
Challenge
Create your own planet! Describe and draw your planet in your notebook.
• What is the name of your planet? • What colour is it? What’s it like? (rocky, cloudy, hot, freezing) • Where is it? Is it in the solar system or somewhere else? • What is special about it? How many moons has it got? Does it have rings?
29 Original material © Cambridge University Press 2020. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
2 Earth and beyond
2.6 Check your progress 1
Test yourself! Complete the crossword. 1 2 4
6
8
10
2
is often known as the dwarf planet. The Sahara desert is than the Namib desert.
D
3
R
Across →
9
A
7
5
FT
3
6
The Sun is Mercury.
planet to the
8
The
orbits the Sun.
10
happens when cold and hot air make electricity.
Down ↓ 1 The Mars rovers help scientists find information from the of the planet. 4 We can feel left are not included in a group.
if we
5 Saturn has at least sixty moons that we know of. 7
means not very warm but not very cold.
9 On Saturdays I get up later on Mondays.
Challenge 2
Make a revision crossword to test your friends!
30 Original material © Cambridge University Press 2020. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
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2.7 Re ection
2.7 Reflection
FT
Think about what you have studied in this unit. Answer the questions.
A
1 What topics did you like and why?
R
2 What activities did you like and why?
D
3 What did you find challenging and why?
4 What help do you need now?
5 What do you want to find out more about?
31 Original material Š Cambridge University Press 2020. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
