ECO Life Issue No. 3 (September - December 2013)

CARIBBEAN YOUTH ENVIRONMENT NETWORK trinidad and tobago chapter

post 2015: the caribbean we want finding the zone heroes among us

united nations international year of sids 2014 UNEP - TUNZA las islas bonitas

cyen-tt gives love Issue 3 • Sept - Dec 2013

INTRO 04 About CYTEN-TT

CYEN-TT

06 Limelight

08 2013 Year In Review

10 Member Of The Quarter 12

The Caribbean We Want

14

Give Love

16 Caribbean meets Latin America 18

A Web of Change

20

Finding the Zone

22

A World Apart

24

Climate Check

25

Interview with Giselle Mendez

27

Vibes

FEATURES 28

Las Islas Bonitas - Las Cuevas

30

UNEP TUNZA

31

Word on the Street - Dominican Republic; Waste Management

33

2014 Year Of The SIDS

36 Heroes Among Us: Green Hope

37 COP 19

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FROM THE EDITOR It is my pleasure to present the September – December 2013 edition of the Caribbean Youth Environment Network (CYEN) Trinidad and Tobago’s online publications – ECO Life.

When I think about this well-established youth environmental nongovernmental organisation and what has been accomplished over the last year, I find myself overwhelmed by and enamoured with the progress being made. Dedication, collaboration and unabated ambition is what is required if young people are to take this world forward and the youth of CYEN embody these attributes. When passion is found, it is our responsibility to harness it and deeply engage ourselves in the source of that passion. As such, this magazine seeks to create an outlet via which young people can channel their ideas and thoughts. CYENTT is probing its membership for their ideas and opinions and we are glad to put in place this forum for freedom of expression concerning vital issues in the fields of ecology, climate change, environmentalism, sustainable development and youth development.

This third issue of ECO Life endeavours to be informative with regard to various environmental days recognised around the world as well as educate the reader about how they can get involved in environmental work. This issue contains articles written by members of CYEN and the content spans an array of topics - from Climate change to Wetlands. We

Editor In Chief Dizzanne Billy, dizz.billy@gmail.com

Associate Editors Khadija La Croix, jo.tiffi.lacroix@ gmail.com Rianna Gonzales, riannagonzales@ gmail.com

also highlight activities which CYEN-TT engaged in over the last four months (September-December 2013) in Limelight, with emphasis on

Design & Layout

the International Coastal Cleanup 2013 and place a spotlight on waste

Daryll Griffith, daryllgriffith@gmail. com

management in Dominican Republic. As we continue to press forward we take a look at 2013 Year in Review and count on the commitment of CYEN members for the achievement of the goals for 2014.

On behalf of the CYEN-TT executive committee, I thank you for the continued support for all we need is dedication to make anything possible. In 2014 , CYEN will continue its mission to communicate, advocate and defend the environment, open doors for young people to excel and create change. From all of us at CYEN, we do hope you find inspiration in this magazine and wish that you are able to gain insight into the work being done by the youth in and for the environment after being exposed to ECO Life.

If you have any questions, comments or suggestions for future issues please feel free to contact us at cyen.tt.chapter@gmail.com Happy Reading!

Dizzanne Billy Communications Officer Caribbean Youth Environment Network – Trinidad and Tobgao Chapter

Photography Daryll Griffith, daryllgriffith@gmail. com Rianna Gonzales, riannagonzales@ gmail.com

Contributors Maurice Mandela Frank Alliyah Garcia Jheuel Carter-Guy Odessa Fortune Gina Rosaro Diaz Daniel Robinson Trevin Newton (Logo) United Nations Environment Programme

CYEN-TT ECO-LIFE MAGAZINE • 3

About cyen-tt Contact Us; 16-20 Anva Plaza, Eastern Main Road, Tunapuna

The CYEN is a non-profit, civil society, charitable body that focuses its resources on empowering young people and their communities.

trinidadandtobago@cyen.org

Mission - The Caribbean Youth Environment Network is a non -profit organisation that is

or

dedicated to improving the quality of life of Caribbean young people by facilitating their

cyen.tt.chapter@gmail.com

personal development and promoting their full involvement in all matters pertaining to the environment and sustainable development. The organisation promotes education

or visit our website at

and training, Caribbean integration and community empowerment as tools to develop

www.cyen.org

an ethic amongst young people that assists in the conservation and protection of

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natural resources within the wider Caribbean.

When you come to the end of your rope, tie a knot and hang on. ~Franklin D. Roosevelt

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limeligh

i

1972, Ocean Conservancy was a small organization with a simple purpose: to fight for a healthy ocean.

For the past twenty-five years, Ocean Conservancy has been inviting enthusiastic ocean-lovers to provide their voluntary services towards the goal of achieving the vision for trash-free seas through the International Coastal Clean-Up (ICC) Campaign. n

In Trinidad and Tobago the ICC is coordinated by the Caribbean Network for Integrated Rural Development (CNIRD), who is also the ‘parent organisation’ for the Caribbean Youth Environment Network Trinidad and Tobago.

CNIRD, accompanied by numerous 6 • CYEN-TT ECO-LIFE MAGAZINE

international coastal clean-up

sponsors mobilises the world’s largest volunteer effort to clean up the waterways and oceans.

On September 21st, 2013, CYEN TT joined thousands across Trinidad and Tobago to participate in the International Coastal Clean-up Trinidad & Tobago. Our volunteers came out in their numbers and set out to both Chagville Beach and Guapo Beach to assist in this worthwhile event. The nationwide turnout for ICC2013 was splendorous and we believe that if a greater portion of the nation will step up to the plate in this way then we are taking a step in the right direction.

In the words of the popular

Sesame Street song –“Love, love, love, love the ocean, show respect for the sea, be a friend to the water because it’s a friend to you and me. Help secure it, keep it pure from sea to sea to shining sea.”

ht tteiti 4th youth advisory forum

trinidad and tobago youth forum for climate change

o

n Saturday November 16th 2013 CYENTT was represented by former Member

of the Quarter, Daniel Robinson at the Trinidad and Tobago Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (TTEITI) 4th Youth Advisory Forum which was held at the BG corporate box at the Queen’s Park Oval. The Extractive Industries (EITI) Report for the fiscal year 2010-11 was presented and discussed in a youth focus group. The report gives a detailed account of the revenues received by the Government of Trinidad and Tobago and the revenues paid to the Government in the extractive industries. Any discrepancies in these values are reconciled by an independent auditor.

Transparency and accountability in a sector that is imperative to the economy of Trinidad and Tobago is a right every member of civil society ought to be entitled to. We as citizens, must be aware of how much and where our country’s money comes from and how it is being spent. The youth opinion event did just that as it provided those in attendance with a comprehensive understanding of the extractive industry and the finances involved in it. It also gave insight into the views of other young people from varying education and social backgrounds who attended the forum. It was evident that more needs to be done in disseminating and giving relevance to the information provided in the report to other portions of civil society. We look forward to seeing Trinidad and Tobago become fully compliant with the EITI standard and also to see the TTEITI expand further into other extractive sectors in Trinidad and Tobago namely the mining sector, which has a major impact on our natural environment and has been the centre of much controversy in recent years.

o

n December 7th 2013, eight members of CYENTT attended the 3rd Trinidad and Tobago Youth Forum for Climate Change hosted by Earth Conscious. Themed “Impact on Livelihoods: Water and Food Security,” this year’s forum placed a spotlight on agriculture and water resources, two prime sectors that are highly affected by climate changes.

The forum’s three key objectives were: Awareness, Leadership and Action and we are proud to say that our members shone at this event as they spoke up on the themes close to their hearts. The importance of cultivating a generation that is led by champions for sustainable development and climate change awareness cannot be understated.

CYEN continues to create opportunities for its members to increase their knowledge and put plans for sustainable development into action.

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3 1 0 2

year in review

CYEN TT participated in the Adopt A River Workshop to gain better insight into the management of watersheds

On the launch of the Turtle nesting season in arch CYEN joined Nature Seekers and many other NGO’s to cleanup the Mature Beach, a protected beach during the leatherback turtle nesting season

CYEN TT came together with other NGO’s and members of the public to celebrate Earth Hour, for one hour people around the world take off their electricity to bring awareness to global warming

Give Love – A Christmas Treat was organised for the children of Carli Bay, Couva

As young environmentalists we always make time to go out and enjoy nature we enjoy hikes, beach and river limes

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Various representative participated in the UN Conference in prepa International Conferen

es of CYEN chapters Channan Patrick, Project Coordinator Dizzanne Billy Public Relations Officer, N Inter-Regional SIDS represented CYEN in Kenya for the TUNZA represents CYEN at the TUNZA Regional aration for the 3rd International Youth Conference Youth Conference in Panama nce for SIDS

CYEN TT was recognised for its work in the Environment sector by the Ministry of Gender Youth and Children at the National Youth Awards 2013 National Coordinator Rianna Gonzales gives a lecture on climate to students on behalf of Atlantic LNG

Every year people around the world come together in September to cleanup our coastline for the International Coastal Cleanup. This year CYEN TT joined the Ministry of Environment and water Resources on Chagville Beach

CYEN-TT members volunteered at the EL Socorro Wildlife Rehabilitation Centre

Our sand turtle as part of the Nature Seekers Sand Turtle Competition to start off the Leather back turtle nesting season

CYEN participated in the GEF Knowledge Fair for World Environment day

CYEN TT Participated in a 4 – day “Green” expo in San Fernando where we highlighted our various projects

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priscilla de-verteuiel we congratulate you July - september 2013

member of the quarter priscilla de verteuil October to December 2013 Age: 24 Lived Siparia up until the age of 17. Currently reside Vistabella, San Fernando.

Pursuing an MSc. in Occupational & environmental Safety & Health, Priscilla has hopes of becoming employed in the Oil & gas industry with specific interest in accident investigation and risk assessment.

Being an environmentally conscious individual, she was draw to CYEN as it represents to her an opportunity to meet with like-minded individuals and discuss preventative & mitigative measures to current environmental issues. Furthermore, Priscilla believes that any newly attained knowledge can be used to impart to others. Priscilla says that because of the CYENTT ‘s advocacy & unwavering commitment to environmental education, she chooses to stay as a committed member.

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THE CARIBBEA This statement was produced by the Caribbean Youth Environment Network (CYEN). It is based on the contribution of over 800 youth from 18 Caribbean countries and was submitted at the Inter-Regional Preparatory Meeting in Preparation for the 3rd International Conference on Small Island Developing States (SIDS), held in Barbados from 26th – 28th August 2013. The purpose of this statement is to lobby the concerns of youth in the Caribbean and for these concerns to be included in the final document at the 3rd International Conference on SIDS to be held in Samoa 2014.

The views and opinions held here are those of the CYEN and the 800 youth represented by this organization.

We, the 800 members and affiliates of the Caribbean Youth Environment Network, recognise and appreciate that development is a fundamental right for all Small Island Developing States (SIDS). We also appreciate that SIDS of the Caribbean are vulnerable to economic challenges; have significant capacity constraints and are additionally saddled with the stewardship of managing some of the world’s most important, but yet fragile ecosystems.

Further, it is indubitable that the management of a host of interrelated factors such as, water resources for terrestrial ecosystem use and for human consumption; climate change and the associated sea level rise; appropriate disposal of waste; the management of chemicals; the maintenance of biodiversity along with the management of coastal and marine resources must remain at a high level of importance if sustainable development is to be achieved.

We are also aware that the Caribbean is located in an area prone to the occurrence of natural disasters. A single significant cyclonic or seismic event can have such severe economic impacts that an island economy can have its development retarded for decades.

Further, we are conscious of the socio-cultural challenges related to increasing levels of poverty, high rates of unemployment, increasing acceptance of corruption and burgeoning crime rates which threaten to undermine the social stability of the Caribbean. The continued heavy dependence on fossil fuel and food imports along with weakening earnings from economic sectors remains hurdles to development.

We, the voices of Caribbean youth, are united in calling upon our region to take appropriate action to address the following thematic areas:

Education and Employment We want greater access to quality secondary and tertiary education which are affordable to all Caribbean nationals because an educated community is a precondition for achieving sustainable development, poverty eradication, gender equality and women’s empowerment as well as human development. In this regard, we call for greater efforts to ensure equal access to education for persons with disabilities, indigenous peoples and people living in rural areas.

We want our educational systems to better equip Caribbean nationals for the realties and demands of life and the global marketplace. Our national and regional academic curricula must reflect the needs and developmental objectives of the Caribbean. Further, national and regional policies should be developed to provide internships for students at the secondary and tertiary levels.Governance and Youth Participation.

We want our governments and institutions to be effective, transparent, accountable and democratic. We are adamant that good governance and respect for the rule of law and human rights will ensure sustainable development, the eradication of poverty and attract business investments.

We want young people to actively and meaningfully

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AN WE WANT participate in the decision making processes which are conducted by policy makers and government. It is imperative that we participate in these processes because the decisions reached are likely to have serious implications on our generation and future generations. Sustainable development cannot be achieved in the Caribbean without intergenerational dialogue, a common vision and solidarity.

Science and Technology We want greater public and private investments in scientific and technological innovation. We believe that the promotion of investment in science, innovation and technology will ensure that our community: achieves sustainable development; creates job opportunities; improves health care; becomes more resilient to the effects of climate change and natural disasters; achieves food security.

Climate Change We want our governments and decision-makers to meaningfully engage and involve young Caribbean nationals in the effort to mitigate the effects of climate change. We are cognizant that climate change is a cross-cutting and persistent challenge which threatens our survival, viability and effort to achieve sustainable development. We are also conscious that the effort of our governments and decision-makers will be ineffective if decisions are not reached through intergenerational dialogue and solidarity. As such, we want young people and youth led organisations to be involved and engaged in climate change dialogues at: the national level through government agencies; the regional level through the our regional mechanisms; and the international level through the United Nations Framework Climate Change Convention and other related processes.

Further, we believe that urgent policies must be adopted to educate the ordinary Caribbean nationals about climate change.

Biological Diversity Resources We want greater investments, through appropriate policies and initiatives, which support: reafforestation; the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity; and the restoration of degraded ecosystems and deteriorated coral reef. In this regard, we call for urgent action because biodiversity loss and degradation of ecosystems will affect the present and future generations, economic development, health, food security, education and culture.

Water We want our governments to adopt sound measures, policies and practices to address water scarcity, droughts, floods and water pollution. We want our governments to continue working assiduously to improve water quality and, access to safe and affordable water supply. It is vital that these challenges are addressed so as to ensure economic development, poverty eradication and protection of human, animal and plant health and life.

Health We want our governments to redouble their efforts to achieve access to safe, affordable, effective and quality medicines, vaccines and medical technologies. It is our belief that if greater efforts are placed on improving our health systems, our community will alleviate the high prevalence of debilitating communicable and noncommunicable diseases.

Further, we want better policies which will ensure recruitment, development, training and maintenance of our health workforce.

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CYEN-TT GIVES LOVE “What the world needs is Love” Odessa Fortune and Dizzanne Billy

o

ne of the most popular songs around Christmas songs, written and performed by Jackson 5 suggets - “Why don’t you give love on Christmas day?”

On Saturday 14th December 2013, CYENTT took the chance to give love by giving time, gifts and education to the children of Carli Bay Village in Couva, Trinidad.

It began as a question of what to do for Christmas as a final event for the year and it eventually evolved into a toy drive and fun day which brought joy to the children. In partnership with Habitat for Humanity Trinidad and Tobago, CYENTT set out to spread Christmas cheer. The Toy Drive, which started in early November, was just the beginning.

The first response to our request for assistance in this venture left much to be desired, however, in typical Trinidadian fashion, at the very last minute, members, supporters, individuals and businesses emerged and responded favourably to the cause.

With three major drop-off points; Bright Smiles

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Dental in Woodbrook, ‘D’ Kids Early Learning Academy in El Dorado, and the Habitat for Humanity Trinidad and Tobago Head Office in El Socorro, donations came from each cardinal point.

After some serious preparation, and a couple of sleepless nights prior to the big day, twenty (20) volunteers arrived at the home of Ms. Nicole Modeste in Couva ready to share environmental knowledge and toys galore. The turnout was fantastic, with eighty (80) plus children arriving with their parents. Even babies were in tow at 9:30 a.m. that morning. First on the agenda, CYENTT member Nicholas Gordon took to the stage with his Zumba dance moves and exotic Brazilian music, this got the excited young ones grooving to the rhythm. This was followed by an engaging puppet show where they were serenaded with Christmas songs, informed about the importance of the environment to our lives and the value of proper garbage disposal. Many children surprised us with the acquaintance they had concerning the topic at hand.

After an informative session where our National Coordinator, Ms. Rianna Gonzales taught the youngsters the negative effects of littering and apprised them about the benefits of upcycling they were introduced to CYENTT’s very own project, “ The Upcycling Concept – Trash to Treasure.” The parents got a chance at this point to engage in Christmas craft with their children and many of them had questions about how Upcycling can be done at home. Separated according to age groups, our little ones made Christmas ornaments from toilet paper rolls and pipe cleaners, Christmas wreaths from wire, buttons and tinsel and Christmas trees from old tinsel and cardboard paper. The Upcylcing Concept: Trash to Treasure encourages everyone to reuse, reduce, recycle and upcycle. The idea behind this project is that functional items can be created out of what would be considered ‘waste products’ in order to make new items. This not only cultivates creativity but can create employment.

In the spirit of Christmas and with the belief in upcycling, gift bags made out of newspapers, yarn and cardboard were filled with goodies and the distribution of these to the children marked the start of lunchtime which brought us that much closer to what we had all been waiting for – GIFTS! After biding their time quite well, the young ones finally met CYENTT’s very own “Santa Bob, “ played by Ezra Bartholomew (CYENT’s Vice National Coordinator).

Smiles abounded from children and volunteers alike as toys were delivered to each boy and girl. Throughout the day, everyone munched on sandwiches and various snacks provided. In spite of the humidity, no one was dehydrated since drinks were provided in abundance. All the children received their gifts and made their way out smiling. The Give Love Toy Drive and Christmas Party was a success and we are awaiting Give Love 2014 with bated breath and hearts filled with love.

Mention must be made of Pheonix Park Gas Processors Limited who contributed greatly to the success of this event. CYENTT members must not go unacknowledged; the outpouring of assistance and donations was much appreciated. Many thanks to Michelle’s Variety Store, The University of the West Indies Environmental Society, Mayaro: The Band, Topper’s Restaurant and Bar and Palette Pleasing Cuisine for their assistance and donations. CYENTT looks forward to working with you all in the future to give love, for love is given in many forms and it brings people together for the betterment of human life.

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CARIBBEAN MEETS LATIN AMERICA by dizzanne billy

“Be the change you want to see in the world” – Mahatma Ghandi This venerable quotation is used the world over, by government officials, business persons, academics and those attempting to inspire change and ignite passion for good works. The truth of these words should never be underestimated. Young people today are fortunate to have greater exposure to the opportunities to make that change. It was one of these fortuitous chances that I seized when information concerning the invitation that the United Nations Environment Prorgramme, through its Regional Office sent out to organisations involved in environmental projects in the region to nominate youth candidates to participate in the TUNZA Regional Meeting for Latin America and the Caribbean came to my attention.

Pure elation overcame me when I received the news that my application to represent CYENTT, Trinidad and Tobago and the Caribbean in extension at the meeting in Panama City, Panama was accepted by the United Nations Environment Programme. The joy was indescribable.

Ample time was spent doing research into Panama and the history of this beautiful nation and when the time came for me to leave Trinidad for the two-days of meetings I was ready to do my best, much with the support of my family and my CYENTT associates. I was well aware that my University classes would be missed and that there would be a lot of catching up to do; however, sacrifices always have to be made for the greater good. Upon meeting my fellow CYEN colleague from Barbados at the airport, Waynelle Collymore, it all became so real. Perhaps, this would be the beginning in my dream career of representing my country in diplomatic fora. These thoughts accompanied me for the entire three hour ride to Panama.

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The following day, it was straight down to business as my room-mate and I, Gina Rosario Diaz from the Dominican Republic headed down to meeting number one at the Hotel Country Inn and Suites. Eighteen young leaders from the sub-regions of Latin America and the Caribbean were gearing to accomplish the task at hand. There were representatives from the Caribbean – Haiti, Dominican Republic, Trinidad and Tobago and Barbados; Mesoamerica – El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico and Costa Rica; The Andean Region – Colombia, Venezuela, Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru; The Southern Cone – Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay; as well as from the TUNZA Youth Advisory Committee – Pedro Cunha from Brazil, Stefan Knights from Guyana and Dahlia Marquez from Venezuela.

The diversity was unbelievably exciting and from the very beginning to the end of the two-days of meetings which lasted approximately twelve hours on both days there was so much positive energy in the room that it was almost palpable. The agenda on day one began with a general overview of the TUNZA initiative, TUNZA strategy and implementation of the regional action plan, outcomes of the TUNZA International Youth Conference: Health and Environment, 10-14 February 2013, Nairobi, Kenya, TUNZA Geo for Youth 2013. Each representative was then required to engage in a speed presentation (with a two minute timer).

I chose to discuss the Adopt-A-River initiative that CYENTT is involved in through the Water and Sewage Authority (WASA) where we will be publishing a documentary looking at the water issues faced in the Arima watershed.I also gave a quick overview of the Caribbean Youth Environment

Network’s objectives. My ability to speak really quickly gave me a good advantage here as I surprised myself by delivering all the information in less than two minutes.

UNEP officer José de Mesa then acquainted the attendees on the changes in the participation of civil society in UNEP’s governing bodies and lead a discussed on Rio+20 and UNEP. The young participants articulated their opinions throughout the meeting and I believe this is a chance that must never be taken lightly. This was followed by a presentation by Ms. Cecilia Iglesias who gave a presentation on involving stakeholders in the new UNEP process of global consultation.

This opened up the floor for day two as the youth participants we formed groups to discuss the TUNZA Latin America and the Caribbean Youth Declaration that would be the major outcome of the meeting. Other topics discussed include the application of Principle 10 of the Rio Declaration: regional initiatives on access to information, public participation and access to justice on environmental matters. Furthermore, deliberations concerning the agenda for post-2015 development: incorporation of environmental sustainability in the new development programme and in Sustainable Development Goals.

This experience was sprinkled with dosages of Panamanian culture as the group of young people went for dinner at a local restaurant on the first night. We were joined by officials from the United Nations Environment Programme for dinner at Casa Blanca Restaurant under the beautiful night sky on our final night. The camaraderie and shared desire for making a positive change in the world is a bond that enabled all of us to become friends quite quickly and even till this day I am in contact with my friends from the Latin American and Caribbean region. Volunteering my time at the Caribbean Youth Environment Network has opened up my eyes to so many problems faced by persons all over the world and it is a stepping stone for attempting to make policy changes.

Young people need to take the world into their own hands and realise the amazing ability that lies within us. Our youth must be used for the good of all. It was the poet, Ralph Waldo Emerson who states that “The purpose of life is not to be happy. It is to be useful, to be honourable, to be compassionate and to have it make some difference that you have lived and lived well.” As I traversed the city by foot on the last night with my new friends my passion was renewed, this is the life I would like to live, making a change, one step a time.

Following discussions on the 10 Year Framework for Sustainable Consumption and Production (10YFP) by Ms. Mara Marillo (Deputy Regional Director of UNEP’s Regional come to a final decision on what the Youth Declaration would be. Many points were made in the declaration, however the major ones include, the designation of the attendees as TUNZA Focal Points in our respective countries as well as our commitment to spreading helping achieve the objectives of the United Nations Environment Programme and TUNZA for the environment and youth development.

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A WEB OF CHANGE - by Maurice Mandela-Frank “Humankind has not woven the web of life. We are but one thread within it. Whatever we do to the web, we do to ourselves. All things are bound together. All things connect.” A truly thought -provoking quote from Chief Seattle which leads us to truly question how fully we comprehend the magnitude of environmental matters.

Are we working toward a systemic treatment or are we treating each symptom individually?

Showcasing the linkages between major environmental issues facing the region is an ideal method of developing awareness to our people. Climate change rests firmly in the center of a web with strands linking it to many pressing environmental matters.

“Climate change” according to the U.S Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) refers to any significant change in the measures of climate lasting for an extended period of time. This includes any major changes in temperature, precipitation, wind patterns and other effects occurring over several decades or longer. Unfortunately, many people have limited the effects of climate change to “bad weather”. Let us start adding strands to our web of understanding.

In January 2010 while many of us were busy bringing in a new year, sea turtles off of the coast of Florida were suffering from the effects of unusually cold weather.

Marine turtles are generally distributed in tropical and warm-temperate zones and do possess the ability to emigrate if need be. Due to the unforeseen and sudden decrease in water temperatures, about 5,000 turtles in lagoons suffered from hypothermic stunning. Noting that sea turtles are reptiles, these animals acquire the temperature of their environment. Unable to properly regulate their temperatures resulted in circulatory collapse rendering these animals immobile. The mortality rate was in the hundreds.

Turtles are environmental sex determinants (ESD) meaning that the temperature that the eggs are exposed to in the first trimester of development determines the sex of the hatchlings. Papers have been published as far as twenty years ago to determine a correlation between hatchling sex and climate change in sea turtles. In the 1994 paper published by Janzen et al, scientists suggested that “global climate change has the potential to eliminate the production of male turtle offspring if mean global temperatures increase 4° C and increases of less than 2°C may dramatically skew sex ratios.” Noting the potential effects of future temperature differences, are sea turtles facing new daunting threats?

Many of us have read of the effects of rising sea levels due to climate change on Kiribati and Palau in the Pacific 18 • CYEN-TT ECO-LIFE MAGAZINE

Ocean, now let us start looking at our region – the Caribbean. Are we at risk?

70% of Caribbean nationals can be found residing along the coasts and our islands depend heavily on fisheries, tourism and fresh water aquifers. The World Bank has reported that Santo Domingo, the capital of the Dominican Republic will be one of the five cities most devastated by global warming by the year 2050 if sea levels continue to rise at their current rate. The increased likelihood of hurricanes in the region is of great concern.

Cuba is at great risk of hurricane damage according to a report from Tufts University due to their large land mass and long coastline. The island’s residents can be devastated by hurricanes which can move along several different paths. Trinidad has the Nariva Wetlands, on the east coast which can protect not only the east coast but all of central Trinidad from violent storms and hurricanes. Some countries unfortunately do not possess “greenbelts” to serve as buffers to approaching hurricanes.

The detrimental effects to our planet, particularly Small Island States is of pressing concern to this region. In Trinidad, the Atlantic coastline is eroding and retreating by up to 1 metre per year. This sea water will continue to penetrate inland leading to the contamination of agricultural soil and freshwater sources. In small island states, freshwater sources are limited and many Caribbean states depend upon aquifers A “vector” can be defined as an arthropod, typically a biting insect, which transmits a disease or parasite from one animal or plant to another. The Caribbean, due to our natural climate is no stranger to vectors and their associated diseases. Malaria is endemic to Haiti and the Dominican Republic and dengue and yellow fever are well documented in our region. These diseases are usually epidemics at periods of the year when countries note natural increases in rainfall. Medical journals have concluded that climate change can affect the dynamics of the dengue fever, transmitted by the urban mosquito Aedes aegypti. It was noted that 78% of Latin America’s population, which is 81 million people live in urban settlements and there have been noted increases in the disease in the past decade. Watson et al, noted that the rise and distribution of the vector transmitted disease has been correlated to rising temperatures. They have proposed that a rise of 2°C by the end of the next century, the mean potential for transmission intensity could be expected to increase by a factor of 2-5 in most South American countries. There will even be transmission to more southern South American nations.

How is this possible? The World Health Organisation (WHO) offers a fantastic explanation. Insects have no control over their physiological temperatures and the ambient temperature determines their reproductive rate, biting behaviour and survival. As we note temperature increases, we can and will expect their distribution to expand to nonendemic regions. With increases in humidity and pooled waters for breeding, there will be a change in the breeding patterns and distribution of these insects. The incubation period of pathogens inside of vectors is also temperaturedependent. The increase in temperature will cause a decreased incubation period.

The spread of these diseases throughout the population will lead to debilitating effects on our economy. The region will spend millions on campaigns to control these vectors.

Billions will be spent by Ministries of Health to treat patients and countries will experience heavy losses to their economies due to the inability of men and women to work while ill.

Sadly, there will be an increase in mortalities in countries where these diseases and vectors are endemic.

Rising temperatures will affect our wetlands by increasing the rates of decomposition and lowering the water tables.

A reduction of the store of carbon will increase the flux of carbon dioxide and even methane. This contributes to further green house gas production. A vicious cascade will commence.

In Valencia, Spain, 2002, RAMSAR officials converged to discuss the impacts, adaptation and mitigation to wetlands due to climate change. Coastal erosion is expected to occur due to sea level rise and a decreased sediment delivery from rivers caused by lower stream flows. Flat areas such as the Amazon and the mouths of rivers such as the Orinoco in Venezuela, the waters of which wash all the shores of Trinidad; Magdalena in Columbia and Salado in Argentina are projected to be affected by sea level rise. The estuary Rio de Plata in Argentina will experience a loss of freshwater supplies due to salt water intrusion from rising sea levels.

Mangroves, dynamic ecosystems, serve as nurseries for many fish species and habitats for crustaceans. Sea level rise will affect the delicate salinity found in these ecosystems, crippling our fishing industries.

These and many other issues are examples to us of

the linkages between climate change and human health, biodiversity and sustainability. We can no longer propose to tackle the issue of climate change as a “symptom”. Climate Change and Sea Level rise, particularly around Small Island States like Trinidad & Tobago and the Caribbean, will cause displacement of people and could trigger regional conflicts.

People will be driven from their homes, their land and their jobs and will need help from larger, richer Nations. We must create linkages when we educate.

Our region is vulnerable to the destructive nature of climate change as its effects ripple throughout the web.

As Caribbean youths and environmental advocates we are called upon to act NOW.

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finding the zone public consultation review - by Jhuel Carter-Guy On the 9th of December the Ministry of Energy and Energy Affairs (MEEA) invited stakeholders to participate in a public consultation on the Strategic Environmental Impact Assessment (SEIA) for the Designation of Mining Zones across Trinidad and Tobago. Mr David Jarvis of GWP Consultants LLP delivered a presentation in which he described the approach used in conducting the SEIA. Lidar (light radar) imaging was used to conduct detailed surveys of key areas where minerals are quarried. This was combined with spatial data obtained from a range of government sources to create a GIS (geographic information database.

The baseline data represented a wide range of factors which must be considered when designating mining zones and appropriate weightings were given for each. According to Mr Jarvis, each was given a 100% weighting to avoid having to make the difficult decision of determining whether one social or environmental factor is more important than another. Later in the presentation he completely contradicted himself when he stated that forestry and agriculture were not considered as strongly when selecting suitable mining zones since these would limit the land available. In my humble opinion, if the purpose of the SEIA is “to establish areas of deposit without primary environmental and social constraints,” overlooking these environmental factors defeats the whole purpose of the exercise.

Pursuant to the Minerals Act and based on the findings of the SEIA, the consultants recommended 36 mining zones covering a total area of 185.80 km² (approximately 3.62% of total land area of T&T). Of these, eight were created simply to allow managed closure and rehabilitation, including two sand and gravel quarries, four blue limestone and sandstone quarries and two plastering sands quarries.

Two additional mining zones were suggested to encompass seven standalone processing plants that exist outside mining zones within which extraction takes place. This was to ensure proper regulation of these activities, especially with respect to discharges to water.

However, a fatal flaw in this design was the fact that the presentation failed to identify the exact location of these mining zones. Furthermore Mr Jarvis withheld a 30 page document outlining the Parameters Thresholds and Requirements (PTRs) which govern the placement of these mining zones by specifying distances from sensitive receptors. In addition, these PTRs schedule necessary assessments to be conducted prior to the issuing of Certificates of Environmental Clearance (CECs) and the application for licences and also indicate basic operator and application process requirements. Their refusal to release pertinent information severely undermined the

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integrity of the proceedings as no true consultation could take place without transparency on behalf of all parties involved.

When contacted for comment on this issue, a representative of GWP Consultants LLP wrote, “The report is in two parts. The first sets out the methodology and the overall results and findings of the study and provides a classification scheme for Mining Zones given their purpose (continued extraction, managed retreat through rehabilitation, processing etc). The second makes specific recommendations for Mining Zones and associated PTRs and provides MEEA with all necessary drawings and schedules to support implementation.”

The representative also stated, “The report is written as a confidential advisory report to the Government of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago” and “it is not (and was never intended to be) more widely published or disseminated.” it is quite clear that the MEEA will only invite comments on the methodology outlined in this presentation (http:// www.slideshare.net/samaharaj/seia-public-consultationdec-2013) and has no intention of ever making the full report available to the public. In defence of this position, Deputy Permanent Secretary, Richard Oliver, raised the issue of unscrupulous individuals who may seek to profit by purchasing land or building structures on land to be designated as Mining Zones. However, a concerned citizen rightly contended that the Lidar survey which was highly praised by Mr Jarvis would clearly show existing structures in the respective regions and would

therefore undeniably undermine the validity of any false claims.When contacted for comment on this issue, a representative of GWP Consultants LLP wrote, “The report is in two parts. The first sets out the methodology and the overall results and findings of the study and provides a classification scheme for Mining Zones given their purpose (continued extraction, managed retreat through rehabilitation, processing etc). The second makes specific recommendations for Mining Zones and associated PTRs and provides MEEA with all necessary drawings and schedules to support implementation.”

The representative also stated, “The report is written as a confidential advisory report to the Government of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago” and “it is not (and was never intended to be) more widely published or disseminated.”

In light of the current constraints to the access to sufficient data and the MEEA’s reluctance to truly include non-government stakeholders in the decisionmaking process, I can see only one possible course of action. Instead of continuing to debate the numerous flaws in this line of reasoning, however simple the task, we must look to the future and use every option available to us. I therefore encourage all concerned citizens to bombard the Ministry of Energy and Energy Affairs with letters demanding that more weight be given to agriculture and forestry land uses. In this way we may be able to persuade the consultants to revisit their methodology to ensure that sensitive environmental areas such as the Aripo Savannahs will be avoided.

It is quite clear that the MEEA will only invite comments on the methodology outlined in this presentation (http:// www.slideshare.net/samaharaj/seia-public-consultationdec-2013) and has no intention of ever making the full report available to the public. In defence of this position, Deputy Permanent Secretary, Richard Oliver, raised the issue of unscrupulous individuals who may seek to profit by purchasing land or building structures on land to be designated as Mining Zones. However, a concerned citizen rightly contended that the Lidar survey which was highly praised by Mr Jarvis would clearly show existing structures in the respective regions and would therefore undeniably undermine the validity of any false claims.

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a world apart - By Maurice Mandela-Frank

At a wetland display, I once encountered a young man who told me that a wetland is only a body of water and it was impossible to “walk” in these locations. I believe our discussion, if I may dare to call it that lasted for five minutes as he refused to believe my explanation of what a “wetland” is. It then dawned on me that there are many people who have heard of these “bodies of water” yet do not understand the dynamics involved at these spectacular and unique ecosystems. Are they “bodies of water”, or are they much more?

A wetland, according to the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) may be defined as an area where water covers the soil, or is present either at or near the surface of the soil all year or for varying periods of time during the year, including during a growing season. Another definition, from the Department of Environmental Protection in the State of Florida is that a wetland is a land area that is saturated with water, either permanently or seasonally, such that it will take on the characteristics of a distinct ecosystem. The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands offers another definition.

Ramsar states that wetlands are areas of marsh, fen, peatland or water, whether natural or artificial, permanent or temporary, with water that is static or flowing, fresh, brackish or salt, including areas of marine water the depth of which at low tide does not exceed six metres.

These saturated conditions make wetlands different to a body of water such as a lake and even terrestrial terrains. A wetland possesses unique vegetation which has adapted to the soil conditions. The soil in a wetland is “hydric”. This hydric soil is developed due to prolonged saturation, flooding or ponding which occurs during the growing season and leads to the development of anaerobic conditions in the upper layers creating an ideal environment for certain aquatic plant species.

We have already noted certain characteristics of a wetland. They have water, unique soil conditions and vegetations but those are not the only distinguishing features. Defining a wetland is not, “black and white”.

Some wetlands are seasonal. The depth of their waters and occurrence are not constants. Unlike most other ecosystems which have similar structure and function, wetlands can occur inland, along the coastline and in mountain regions. Wetlands occur naturally on every continent except Antartica. Noting these different temperate zones there are many variations to wetlands all of which contribute to the dynamics of ecosystem diversity.

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Globally there are variations in our wetland ecosystems.

We do have differences in opinion with respect to defining these wondrous and remarkable ecosystems.

There are two major, underlying factors which connect wetlands- They are exceptionally significant to humanity.

They are under threat. In this article, let us celebrate their significance.

“Wondrous West Indian Wetlands” states that there are over one hundred types of wetlands in the Caribbean.

One of the most popular is the mangrove wetland.

Wetlands in the tropics and sub-tropics, which have gently sloping coasts and temperatures averaging at 24°C possess these phenomenal trees. Mangroves possess amazing adaptations for their habitats and the Caribbean boasts of seven species, each with its own characteristics.Wetlands provide mankind with many services which are heavily undervalued. Wetlands have three major values – population, ecosystem and global.

Populations depend upon wetlands for animal and fish harvesting. The fishing industry is a major source of income for coastal settlements throughout the region.

More than 70% of Caribbean people live along the coasts.

Most of the fish, crabs and oysters that are harvested in the Caribbean spend a part of their lives in wetlands.

Young, developing fish are protected by the deepwater and coastal wetlands which serve as nurseries and feeding areas. In 1987, Feierabend and Zelazny reported that over 95% of the fish and shellfish species that are harvested commercially in the United States are wetland dependent. Imagine the effects on our fishing industry when mangrove ecosystems are destroyed!!!

Biodiversity is rather abundant in wetlands with many waterfowl feeding, breeding and residing at these sites.

One of the national birds of Trinidad and Tobago, the Scarlet Ibis ( Eudocimus ruber) is one of many avian species that roost in the Caroni Swamp. People are

sometimes blessed by the sight of an osprey dexterously plunging its talons into the water to capture its prey. Wetlands offer a special kind of aesthetics and ecotourism to citizens and foreigners. As a matter of fact, the Caroni Swamp and the Nariva Wetlands in Trinidad and the Black River Lower Morass in Jamaica are well noted wetland tours for visitors to the Caribbean. The biodiversity also supports a recreational hunting industry, which can be upheld once facilitated legally and sustainably.

Mangroves or the nearby woodlands offer timber and charcoal to many. In St. Lucia, a model for the sustainable use of mangrove timber was implemented. It is also noted that in some Eastern European nations, swamp plants are grown to be harvested for biomass for the nations’ electricity production.

Some wetland plants, with high fibre compositions are used to produce mats and ropes. Wetlands are fertile agricultural lands.

The regular flooding aids in maintaining the composition of the soil which contributes to production. Livestock such as water buffalo also graze in wetlands.

We also benefit from the ecosystem values offered. Wetlands mitigate floods, decrease the damage caused to the mainland by storms, aquifer recharge, water quality improvement and general subsistence. Wetlands store peak flow storm runoffs and generally can slowly release this stored water over longer periods of time. Riverine wetlands are quite significant for this purpose. When ocean storms come ashore the first fury is absorbed by coastal wetlands. Salt marshes and mangrove wetlands actually serve as storm buffers. Human settlements and natural resources further inland are thus protected from the full force of the storm. The Nariva Wetlands, on the East coast of Trinidad, a key source of freshwater protects not only the East coast but all of central Trinidad from violent storms and hurricanes coming in from the Atlantic.

According to Check, 2005, the Indian Ocean Tsunami of December 26th 2004, the five countries which suffered the greatest economic losses and damages due to this disaster were those which had destroyed 26 % of their “greenbelt” or mangrove cover, (1.5 million ha of mangrove wetlands) between 1980 – 2000.

Wetlands also provide us with that clean, refreshing glass of water. Once under favourable conditions, wetlands remove organic and inorganic nutrients and toxic materials from water flowing across them. As streams enter wetlands there is a reduction in water velocity causing sedimentation and chemicals to drop out of the water column. Wetland sediments also possess a diversity of decomposers contributing to the “detox” process. There is also an accumulation of organic peat in many wetlands which leads to the permanent burial of chemicals. Now we can truly grasp why wetlands are referred to as, “the kidneys of the landscape” With all of these services it is undoubtedly true that wetlands are invaluable ecosystems. Mahatma Gandhi stated, “Earth provides enough to satisfy every man’s needs, but not every man’s greed.” As we prepare to celebrate World Wetlands Day on Sunday 2nd February, 2014 under the theme, “Wetlands and Agriculture”, we must acknowledge and respect these vital ecosystems for the services they offer humanity. Let us always remember to protect and enforce sustainable values when working with our wetlands.

“To Know Is To Love; To Love Is To Preserve”

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by:

Alliyah Garcia

climate check

“If you really think the environment is less important than the economy try holding your breath while you count your money” – Dr. Guy McPherson.

Skeptics who believe that climate change is merely a myth and its consequences are nothing of extreme concern, have clearly never tried Dr. McPherson’s suggestion. Climate change is a long term shift in weather conditions identified by changes in temperature, precipitation, wind and other indicators.

But, who is responsible for this phenomenon? It is us, man; the activities of humans have put the globe under extreme pressure and have resulted in some serious consequences. Drastically increasing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is the leading cause of climate change, so how does the carbon dioxide level increase so radically? Activities that we indulge in such as deforestation, industrial processes, agriculture and fossil fuel combustion all contribute to the continuing increase of carbon dioxide present in the atmosphere.

Too much carbon dioxide present results in more heat being trapped in the atmosphere, the consequent increase in temperature means the rate of evaporation increases and humidity levels also spike. This accounts for the increases in precipitation in some parts of the world while other places experience droughts. Other subsequent impacts of climate change includes the increase in frequency of natural hazards such as hurricanes and tropical storms as ocean temperatures increase and sea levels rise with the melting of glaciers. It is predicted that if trends continue as they are now, Small Island Developing States (SIDS) such as the Caribbean; counting Trinidad and Tobago will be particularly at risk of being affected. Other regions at jeopardy include Antarctic, Greenland and other areas where ice cover and glaciers face the threat of melting due to increasing temperatures stemming from climate change.

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So, is there anything that can be done to lessen the impact of climate change or will the world as we know it be gone?

Climate change is most definitely an issue that we can solve; it would however require a global effort to reverse the effects of the phenomenon. You though, the individual can start raising the global consciousness by educating your peers, family and whomever you come in to contact with. Here are some things you, your peers and your family can do to reduce climate change.

Reduce, reuse and recycle Use less heat and Air-conditioning Change your light bulbs to Compact Fluorescent Light (CFL) Drive Less , Walk more and Carpool Buy energy efficient products Use less hot water Turn off light switches Plant a tree; tress use up carbon dioxide in the atmo sphere, planting them helps remove some unwanted carbon dioxide.

interview with giselle mendez The Volunteer Centre of Trinidad and Tobago is an organisation founded by a group of socially conscious young adults focused on serving our nation and following their passion for volunteerism. The following is an interview with the founder of VCTT, Ms. Giselle Mendez.

1. So, Giselle, tell us a little about yourself, where are you from?

I am a country girl at heart; both my parents have roots in Paramin and Cameron Hill. I categorise myself as a conservative free spirit and I often describe myself as fantastically weird, translation … I love being me … quirks and all !

2. You are the founder and President of VCTT. What is this organisation about and what was the inspiration behind its establishment?

VCTT is the connection point for volunteers and community projects. If volunteers and NGOs aren’t connected very little can happen. At the core of VCTT is our website www.vctt.org where volunteers can register for projects and organisations can register to recruit volunteers. This organisation is the heartbeat of active citizenship and community engagement. VCTT really came together in my heart from personal challenges with volunteering locally and witnessing a well structured volunteerism model while studying in England. I was fortunate to have a great network of like minded youth in TT who saw the potential of VCTT.

3. When did you start volunteering and what inspired you to begin volunteering?

I started volunteering 10 years ago. I grew up extremely sheltered so there was so much I wasn’t aware of but I still felt a deep pressing in my spirit to give of myself and St. Dominc’s Home in Belmont (Trinidad) was foremost in my mind.

It was my first step in living out God’s plan for my life. Everything snowballed after that and finally apexed years later with VCTT. In retrospect, it’s truly amazing how much my life has been transformed with volunteering.

4. You seem to be a well-travelled young woman. Can you tell us about your most memorable volunteering experience (locally and internationally)?

My most memorable volunteer experience locally has undoubtedly been assisting with flood relief efforts in Diego Martin. Natural Disasters really drive home the importance of being your brother’s keeper, natural disasters do not discriminate and can demonstrate quite harshly that before anything else we are human beings who require the same basic items to live and flourish. Externally, my trip to Haiti with Is There Not A Casue (ITNAC) was a truly life changing moment as I witnessed what I can only describe as crimes against humanity. The poverty level was unthinkable.

Volunteering opens your mind to the world outside your own reality.

5. So why should we volunteer our time? Today’s youth are consumed with numerous activities from school, sports and other extracurricular.

It is scientifically proven that there are significant health benefits that come from giving. In addition, volunteerism stands to empower young persons to new heights as it provides unique platforms for developing skills, gaining critical world knowledge, connecting with other amazing human beings, understanding one’s true purpose in life. But most of all volunteerism provides anyone, not just youth the opportunity to be at the forefront of solving community issues.

6. What motivates you to continue in this field even when things get tough?

This is hard work and it involves blood, sweat and tears. I realised early on that this mission has little to do with me or my emotions but everything to do with the people, organisations and causes we help every day.

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7. What challenges are you facing or have faced in your volunteering life?

Developing a sustainable financial model for VCTT is our biggest priority, challenge if you must, at the moment. We have some really huge mountains ahead of us but they fuel our determination

8. What kind of rewards do you need to stay motivated?

The possibility of true change, positive change keeps me going because I see the influence of just one volunteer so when I imagine tens of thousands of volunteers working together on social issues across the region the long nights become shorter and I keep attacking the challenges with full force!

9. Describe a typical day for yourself Hectic! No two days are the same, I have my family, job, school & VCTT so there’s always a lot happening. The only consistency in my daily schedule is my conversations with the Lord. Nothing is more important than that relationship.

10. Seems like a lot, how do you juggle all your activities?

That’s a very good question.A little bit of coffee & a heavy dose of prayer ;) Honestly … it is a lot and I’m still learning every day how to manage it all but I must say I am blessed with a fantastic support system starting internally with the VCTT team. I must thank my parents and Michael (my better half), for their support and understanding. Also, it involves a lot of sacrifice (from both myself and my team).

11. What or who is your inspiration in this field of selflessness?

Before anyone, I am inspired by God. It may sound intangible to some but my spirituality is a huge part of why I have chosen this servant walk. Additionally, there are two persons who are slowly but surely becoming my mentors. Firstly there is Avonelle Hector Joseph from (ITNAC) Is There Not A Cause. Her humility and authentic approach to community work has been a true inspiration and significantly impacted my approach to serving others. Also, there is Sally Ann Della Casa from The Growing Leaders Foundation. Sally has been unknowingly pushing me to address some critical areas for growing VCTT. I feel truly blessed to have connected with these women.

12. You have been able to make an impact, how do you keep the organization going?

Let me say from the outset that this process is very challenging because we are literally building a unique system in Trinidad & Tobago so we are learning as we grow. For my part, I am driven by a raw passion and love for volunteerism but also a deep understanding of the significance that volunteerism can bring to national development. We won’t make a dent in any of our national issues if we do not fully engage our citizens in this process through volunteerism and these are the core values that get me through the rough days which do come. Apart from this, VCTT has been blessed with a truly dedicated team who has built the organisation to what it is today. We have a lot of ambitious objectives for 2014 and beyond, so the primary focus for our organisation next year will be expanding and developing a truly strong, storm proof team ;)

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Vibes

On October 12th 2013, the adventurous members of the Caribbean Youth Environment Network –Trinidad and Tobago Chapter put on their sneakers and took to hiking in the Matura Forest. Destination – Mermaid Pools. Led by the professional hikers of the University Health Fitness and Adventure Society, we made the journey to Mermaid Pools along the Matura River, Matura Village (popularly known for the conservation of the leatherback turtles).

The route to Mermaid Pools is highlighted by lush pine trees and mora trees which create an ambience welcoming to any nature lover. The hike’s duration was one hour to the pools and one hour return but the majority of the day was spent basking on logs, swimming upstream and diving into the dark green and at times turquoise waters. We visited three pools and some of us even ventured further upstream to discover more fascinating landscapes. The striking beauty of the land and the water was all we needed to rejuvenate and draw closer together as a group. We suggest that if you ever decide to try hiking please always remember to walk with garbage bags for you refuse (which must be removed from the area) and stay away from cooking in the forest as this can lead to bush fires which injure the environment. While we enjoy the exquisite beauty of Trinidad and Tobago we must also preserve its magnificence.

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las islas bonitas las cuevas Las Cuevas is a popular beach located on Trinidad’s Northern Coast, approximately 8km away from Maracas – it’s more popular neighbour. Its name, “Las Cuevas,” is derived from the Spanish word for caves and this is most appropriate as this expansive shoreline is home to many caves. The waves that beat upon the shore at Las Cuevas are said to be calm and perfect for swimming and fishing.

The sand attracts sun bathers and those who are fond of strolling along the shore. There are caves for the adventurous explorers and there is even an area for campers to enjoy the night’s sky.

Las Cuevas Village is home to one of the secret locations in Trinidad and Tobago – The Fort of Abercromby.

Developed into a Historical Park in 1994, there is a beautiful view from the Fort, where you can see the glistening waters of Las Cuevas in the distance as the rusty cannons will still up to this day point the way to the ocean. Count Las Cuevas in as one of the places you must visit as you discover ‘Las Islas Bonitas’ – Trinidad and Tobago.

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In February 2003, The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) established a unit that would enable young people from all over the world to engage themselves in environmental activities in the world of UNEP. The unit is called - TUNZA. TUNZA is Kiswahili (a sub-regional language of Eastern Africa) and it represents “treating with care or affection.”

The objectives of TUNZA are to develop activities in the areas of capacity building, environmental awareness and information exchange and the goal is to create a movement of inspired, environmentally conscious young people who are equipped to lead their generation and their regions.

In 2013, CYEN Trinidad and Tobago was represented at TUNZA meetings on two occasions. In February, Channan Patrick (CYENTT Project Coordinator) took a trip to Kenya to contribute to the discussions and in November Dizzanne Billy (CYENTT Communications Officer) took the opportunity to represent CYEN and Trinidad and Tobago in Panama for the TUNZA Meeting for Latin America and the Caribbean.

TUNZA’s vision to create an ‘Eco-Generation’ of ambassadors that will propagate the message of sustainable development and eco-awareness is a 30 • CYEN-TT ECO-LIFE MAGAZINE

noble one. Caribbean Youth Environment Network is proud to be an organisation that is recognised by UNEP-TUNZA as creating a positive outlet for the youth and the Caribbean.

For more information on TUNZA, follow the link http://www. unep.org/tunza or Like the Facebook page https://www. facebook.com/uneptunza

word on the street dominican republic ediition by gina diaz

SPANISH- ¿Qué piensa usted sobre la gestión y/o manejo de la basura (residuos) en República Dominicana y que soluciones propone para solucionarlo?

ENGLISH - What do you think about the waste management in the Dominican Republic and what solutions do you recommend to solve it?

1- Doris Florencio, Santo Domingo SPANISH: La gestión y manejo de los residuos en República Dominicana es inadecuada e ineficiente, se observan aglomeraciones de desechos en toda la ciudad y el depósito que es el destino final no se encuentra diseñado para la buena gestión de los mismos.

Las soluciones para la mejora de esta problemática que nos afecta es crear y fomentar una cultura de reciclaje, además de mejorar la recogida y modernizar el depósito donde se vierten los residuos para que se realice una gestión adecuada.

ENGLISH: The waste management in the Dominican Republic is inadequate and inefficient; waste agglomerations are observed across the city and the deposit, which is the final destination, is not designed for the proper management. The solutions for the improvement of this problem that affects include creating and fostering a culture of recycling, as well as improving and modernizing the collection tanks where waste is dumped in order to guarantee a proper management.

2- Julio Báez SPANISH: Aquí en RD simplemente se recoge y se bota basura, pero no se cuenta con una verdadera Gestión de Residuos. Yo propongo convertir los vertederos en Centros de Recuperación y Reciclaje de Desechos, mediante su clasificación y reprocesamiento, para agregarles valor y recibir beneficios económicos por su venta como materia prima, haciendo que dicha operación sea autosuficiente.

ENGLISH: Here at the Dominican Republic there’s simply garbage collection, but there is no real waste management. I propose to convert the landfills into Centers of Waste Recovery and Recycling, through sorting and reprocessing the residues, to add value and receive economic benefits from its sale as raw material, making the operation self-sufficient.

3- Claudia Cedano, Santo Domingo SPANISH: Considero que en República Dominicana debería enfatizarse más sobre el correcto manejo de los residuos y el reciclaje, con campañas de concientización y educación a la ciudadanía en general. Además del involucramiento de instituciones gubernamentales y privadas para implementar programas masivos de reciclaje.

ENGLISH: I believe that in the Dominican Republic there should be more emphasis on proper waste management and recycling, with awareness campaigns and education to the general public, as well as the involvement of government and private institutions to implement massive recycling programs.

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4- Juan Antonio Martinez Nova, San Francisco de Macorís SPANISH: El manejo de residuos sólidos es un punto a mejorar. Es imprescindible una red entre el gobierno, las industrias y la población para el manejo de los desechos. Clasificar la basura, crear centros de reciclaje y de generación de energías e incluir la educación ambiental de modo teórico-práctico son aspectos que marcarán la diferencia.

ENGLISH: Solid waste management need to improve. It is essential to establish a network between governments, industries and population for the management of waste. Garbage classification, recycling centers, energy generation and environmental education in a theoretical and practical method are aspects that will make a difference.

5- Víctor Alfonso Rodríguez, Santo Domingo SPANISH: El manejo de residuos sólidos en República Dominicana es un problema de país (colectivo) más que un problema de las autoridades municipales y nacionales.

Lamentablemente nuestros ciudadanos(as) no poseen una educación ambiente sostenible y de salubridad, convirtiendo a nuestras ciudades en basureros interminables. La solución, aunque parezca compleja es simple: sensibilizar a toda la población e implementar planes de clasificación de desechos sólidos, que funcione correctamente desde nuestros hogares hasta los vertederos.

ENGLISH: The solid waste management in the Dominican Republic is a country problem (collective) rather than a problem of the municipal and national authorities. Unfortunately our citizens do not have a sustainable environment and health education, turning our cities into endless landfills. The solution is simple: raise awareness among the population and implement classification of solid waste, properly working from our homes to landfills.

6- Rainer Lewis. San Pedro de Macorís SPANISH: Pienso que el manejo de la basura en la RD, ha sido una cuestión que tiene que ver mucho con la debilidad que tenemos con la educación, al cual no se le ha podido buscar una salida favorable y que nos comprometa a todos hacernos responsable de nuestros residuos. Somos una sociedad consumista; compro, consumo y tiro. Por lo que mi solución sería implementar un plan de educación ambiental más eficiente en el que podamos introducir una cultura de menos consumo y más responsabilidad a la hora de manejar nuestros residuos.

ENGLISH: I think the waste management in the Dominican Republic, has been an issue that has much to do with the weakness we have with education, a problem which has not found a favorable commitment of ourselves to the responsibility of our residues. We are a consumer society; we buy, use and throw. So my solution would be to implement a more efficient environmental education plan in which we introduce a culture of less consumption 7- Ángel Serafín Cuello, Santo Domingo SPANISH: El sistema de aseo urbano en la República Dominicana es deficiente. La carencia de horarios fijos en la *RECOGIDA* de basura y la no clasificación de los desechos, son un impedimento para que muchos de estos puedan ser reciclados y/o reutilizados. Por ende los Ayuntamientos Municipales deben convertirse en comunidades sustentables y organizadas, apoyados en un manejo inteligente de los desechos sin causar molestias ni peligro para el Medio Ambiente y la Salud Pública.

ENGLISH: The system of urban sanitation in the Dominican Republic is poor. The lack of fixed schedules in the garbage collection and the no waste classification, are an impediment to recycle and / or reuse residues. The municipal councils must become sustainable and organized communities, supported by intelligent waste management without causing discomfort or danger to the environment and public health.

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Are you aware?

Who are SIDS and why do they need special attention?

Small Island Developing States (SIDS) are uniquely diverse both culturally and biologically, and have special needs that must be addressed if they are to develop sustainably. SIDS are low-lying countries around the world , they share characteristics that make them economically, environmentally and socially vulnerable to shocks over which they have little or no control, placing them at a distinct disadvantage compared with larger countries. By having: a heavy resilience on international trade they are very vulnerable to global markets; a susceptibility to natural disasters and climate change; limited financial resources and economies which heavily rely on the use of their natural resources.

High and growing population densities in many SIDS amplify the pressures on land resources and wildlife and intensify demand for solid and liquid waste management. The degradation of coastal areas is damaging beaches, mangroves and coral reefs, and there is often unsustainable use of scarce freshwater resources.

2014 the International Year of SIDS SIDS, also known as “Small Island Developing States” are a group of countries that share development challenges and environmental, economic vulnerabilities.

2014 has been designated by the United Nations general Assembly as the “International Year of Small Island Developing States”. This resolution aims to raise awareness of environmental problems that these countries are facing and to promote their achievement as it relates to sustainable development.

This year will also coincide with the 3rd International Conference on SIDS being held in Apia, Samoa in September. This conference will include a high-level segment to build upon the Barbados Programme of Action (BPOA) and the Mauritius Strategy for Implementation (MSI) and will identify new challenges for sustainable development of SIDS. In 1994, Member states of the United Nations came together in Barbados to discuss the special challenges and needs of SIDS. The meeting endorsed the BPOA as the blueprint for addressing these special challenges. Fourteen key areas were identified covering sustainable environments, water and energy, climate change and sea level rise, natural and environmental disasters.

20 years later, the UN will convene a review and recommitment to development in small islands when member States come together in Apia, Samoa. The original Programme of Action and the Implementation Strategy developed in Mauritius during the 10 year review will be examined to determine what progress has been made in 20 years, what challenges still exist and key priorities for internationally agreed upon goal in the post 2015 era (linking with the outcomes of the Rio +20 Conference held 2012 “Future We Future”).

In Barbados, August 2013, the CYEN participated in the SIDS Inter – Regional Conference in preparation for the 3rd International SIDS Conference. We were given the chance to give our opinions on behalf of Caribbean youth on the issues that are most important to us through “The Caribbean We Want” statement. We were also joined by young people from the different SIDS Regions to speak to the UN Members on our collective statement on behalf of children and youth of all the SIDS Regions. This was an opportunity for young people to participate in the SIDS process and ensure that we have a say in our future.

There are 52 SIDS and they are clustered into three (3) geographic regions – Caribbean, Pacific and AIMS (Africa, Indian Ocean, Mediterranean and South China Seas).

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Heroes among us green hope

BIOGRAPHY: gina diaz I’m a Dominican young leader and lawyer in the Dominican Republic, planning in majoring in International Environmental Law. I am also the founder and group leader of “Green Hope DR”, an environmental youth project which is being implemented in the Dominican Republic in order to create environmental awareness and education of climate change. Since 2007, I’m a volunteer in the United Nations Association of the Dominican Republic (UNA-DR) having the opportunity to coordinate more than twenty Model United Nations Conferences, including the “New York Dominican Republic Model United Nations Conference (NYDRMUN)” and the “International Conference of the Americas (CILA)”. I am also member of the Caribbean Youth Environment Network and volunteer in other organizations such as the Global Foundation for Democracy and Development (GFDD), the Model United Nations Unit of the Ministry of Education of the Dominican Republic, the UN/OAS Department of the Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Technology of the Dominican Republic, among others.

As a young leader committed to the Dominican youth’s development, I’ve coordinated and participated in many community projects, reforestation programs, and youth leadership workshops and activities in order to create environmental awareness in schools, universities and rural communities of the Dominican Republic, Model United Nations conferences among others initiatives.

In 2010, I was the President of the I National Youth Forum for Water, organized by the Ministry of Education of the Dominican Republic, an initiative that gathered more than 40 young leaders from the Dominican Republic who committed to face water issues and look for positive solutions to water access. In 2011 I was Panelist in the Conference “Community participation, volunteering and social activism”. In 2012 I was the general coordinator of the I Youth Leaders International Round Table: Leadership and Community Service. In the same year, I had the honor of being part of the “One UN Training Service Platform on Climate Change: UN CC Learn: Investing in People and Learning to Foster a Climate Resilient and Green Transition”, Pilot project in the Dominican Republic. I have also been Panelist of workshops on Environment and Education, sponsored by the Office of the Vice-presidency of the Dominican Republic and in the National Consultations in the Dominican Republic of the United Nations Post2015 Development Agenda “Future We Want”. In 2013, I was the Secretary General of the Dominican – European Model United Nations Conference (DEUROMUN 2013) in Paris, France and also participated in the I Congress 34 • CYEN-TT ECO-LIFE MAGAZINE

on Youth and Environment of the Dominican Republic, representing Green Hope DR. I have also had the opportunity to represent the Dominican Republic in several international conferences such as the Philip C. Jessup International Law Moot Court Competition and the “Clinton Global Initiative for University (CGI U)”, the Budapest Water Summit in Budapest, Hungary and Dominican Republic and Caribbean representative in the Global Power Shift 2013 organized by 350.org, Istanbul, Turkey, among others events. In 2013, , I was the winner of the UNDP contest “My contribution for 2015”, a youth competition to demonstrate the contributions to the Post 2015 Development Agenda and I was granted a fellowship from the United Nations Development Programme (UNEP) to attend the “Tenth University Of Eastern Finland - UNEP Course on Multilateral Environmental Agreements: Natural Resources”, in Joensuu, Finland.

WELCOME TO - green hope Who we are?

Green hope DR is a youth environmental project. The main goal is to implement environmental and climate change education in the youth of the Dominican Republic, in an effort to create conscience and capacities to protect our environment, natural resources and to address water issues and climate change. This initiative started in 2010 when it was selected to represent the Dominican Republic at the Clinton Global Initiative for University (CGI U 2010) in Miami, Florida, United States and since then we have successfully developed a wide program of environmental awareness in Santo Domingo.

Mission

Objectives •Involve the Dominican youth in taking action to face water issues, climate change, protection of the environment and natural resources.

(UASD). With the support of the Center for Agricultural and Forestry Development (CEDAF), the initiative was implemented in the Faculty of Arts, Faculty of Science and Faculty of Economics of the university in which we collected 3.700 pounds of paper in a 6 months period. The students and administrative staff were also trained in recycling promotion.

•Provide educational skills and tools to young students in the areas of recycling, conservation of natural resources, access to water, environment, and climate change, among others.

iNITIATIVES 1. ECOUASD- is a recycling campaign of plastic bottles that we launched in 2010 in order to participate and to take action in the 350.org campaign 10/10/10: International Day of Climate Solutions. In this activity university students from the Autonomous University of Santo Domingo (UASD) collected 1,000 plastic bottles in the main campus. At the same time, the participants were trained to reduce plastic consumption and to implement the 3Rs, as the main objective of this activity was to create awareness about recycling.

2. Green Campus - an initiative which main objective was to promote recycling and environmental protection in the main campus of the Autonomous University of Santo Domingo

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3. CILA RECICLA- is a recycling campaign implemented during the 7th edition of the International Conference of the Americas (CILA 2011) in which we measured the paper waste produced by participants during the event, using 5 containers up to 100 pounds each, distributed in the different halls of the Hard Rock Hotel & Casino Punta Cana Convention Center. During the event, 210 pounds of paper were collected, which were delivered to industries which use paper as raw material for making paper and more items such as cups, boxes and cup holders.

4.Youth Workshop on Environment and Creative Recycling” - In May 2013 we organized the “Youth Workshop on Environment and Creative Recycling” to celebrate the World Recycling Day. This workshop was held with young leaders from Consuelo, San Pedro de Macoris and Villa Sombrero, Bani both rural communities of the Dominican Republic. In

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these workshops, more than 100 young leaders were trained on environmental protection and the use of recyclable materials.

5. Green hope DR in youth forums - Green Hope DR has also taken part in several national and international events that have allowed me to obtain new knowledge to continue working with the environmental protection with children and youth. These meetings are: Clinton Global Initiative for Universities (CGI U) (Miami 2010 and Washington, DC 2012; Youth Congress and Environment, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic; Global Power Shift , Istanbul , Turkey; Budapest Water Summit, Budapest , Hungary and the Tunza Regional Meeting for Latin America and the Caribbean, Panama, organized by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).

cop 19 by rianna gonzales On November 11 – 23 2013 countries, NGO’s, corporate organizations, activists and lobbyists gathered in Warsaw Poland for the 19th annual United National Climate Change Conference, also known as the 19th Conference of the Parties – or COP 19. This goal of this conference was to create a loss and damage pillar of a new climate treaty that will be finalize in 2015. In the previous COP’s the pillars discussed were mitigation (emissions reductions) and adaptation.

The conference was held in the shade of the devastating Typhoon Haiyan that killed thousands in the Philippines and affected millions more. This was an ominous warning of what could be a more frequent occurrence as climate change looms. All attendees had high hopes for an agreement, in including the Caribbean and many NGOs present. Here are the highlights of this event: 1.The emotional speech by the Philippines lead negotiator for the conference Naderev Saño, where he announced his fasting during the conference. Prior to this announcement he had a few hits to the delegates and countries who refused to accept that climate change is a reality.

“To anyone outside who continues to deny and ignore the reality that is climate change, I dare them to get off their ivory towers and away from the comfort of their armchairs. I dare them to go to the islands of the Pacific, the islands of the Caribbean and the islands of the Indian ocean and see the of rising sea levels; to the mountainous regions of the Himalayas and the Andes to see communities confronting glacial floods, to the Arctic where communities grapple with the fast dwindling sea ice sheets, to the large deltas of the Mekong, the Ganges, the Amazon, and the Nile where lives and livelihoods are drowned, to the hills of Central America that confronts similar monstrous hurricanes, to the vast savannas of Africa where climate change has likewise become a matter of life and death as food and water becomes scarce. Not to forget the monster storms in the Gulf of Mexico and the eastern seaboard of North America, as well as the fires that razed down under. And if that is not enough, they may want to see what has happened to Philippines now.’’

2. NGO’s walk out!

A sense of frustration escalated as the closing day of the conference neared with no apparent agreement by governments. Previously developed countries promised funding for mitigation and adaption mechanisms for developing and small island states. Rich countries could not agree to this and this caused NGO’s to take action into their own hands. Sporting white T-shirts saying “Polluters talk....we walk”.

“We as civil society are ready to engage with ministers and delegation who actually come to negotiate in good faith. But at the Warsaw conference, rich country governments have come with nothing to offer.” A statement issued by the group of organizations that led the walkout.

3. Youth thrown out Three young activists were banned from the conference and had their badges confiscated when they showed solidarity with the Philippine delegation. They were from the activist movement called YOUNGO, and in a statement they said...

“In an arrangement with the Philippines delegation to demonstrate their solidarity with those impacted by this climate disaster, civil society was to accompany Mr. Sano from the plenary hall to a side-event. UN-security were informed of the gesture some minutes prior to the action and a green light was given. Despite authorisation, the three young people accompanying Mr. Sano, who unfolded a sign with the names of some of the devastated Filipino towns in a gesture of solidarity, were reprimanded by security and ejected from the UN halls’’.

4.Outcomes with particular interest to the Caribbean (taken from http://caribbeanclimateblog.com/tag/cop19/) - The region successfully lobbied for the establishment of a Loss and Damage Mechanism -Agreement reached to reduce emission from forest sector in developing countries. Norway UK and USA pledged US$280 million to support these actions. This will be of particular importance to countries s such as Belize, Guyana and Suriname.

-The adaptation Fund Board (AFB) reached its target of mobilising US$ 100 million to fund the six projects in its pipline. These include projects in Belize and Jamaica.

-The Climate Technology Centre and Network (CTCN) is now fully operational -The Green Climate Fund (GCF) has been operationalized.

-Parties to the Convention agreed to continue work towards establishing a new legally binding climate change agreement by 2015.

With such significant outcomes we look forward to COP 20 in Lima Peru!

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UPCOMING EVENTS

JUST FOR LAUGHS

A look at what is happening at CYENTT

Truth with a dash of humour

ECO LIFE WORD OF THE ISSUE Upcycle (verb) To process waste materials or used goods in order to create something new.

Whereas recycling involves taking consumer materials (e.g. plastic, paper, metal and glass) and breaking them down to base materials to create new consumer products, upcycle an item does not require breaking down the materials. Instead, you refashion the item. For instance - turning a used plastic bottle into a broom.

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WORD SLEUTH

Energy Litter Environment Solar Wind Trash Nature Pollution Garbage

Waste

DID YOU KNOW…?

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