Portfolio DAI HAOCHENG SELECTED WORKS 2013-2017 daihc94@outlook.com (086)13466328278
DAI HAOCHENG Gatech MArch Application Portfolio
CONTENT
01 INVASION & MERGING 2015 Tsinghua University Open Studio — Socialist Slabs
02 OPEN CAMPUS GATE 2016 Tsinghua University Landscape and Urban Design Studio — New Campus Gate
03 WEAVING WOOD STRUCTURE 2017 Collegiate Timber Structure Design Invitation Tournament — Natatorium Design
04 SECTION GENERATOR 2017 Computational Design Study
05 OTHER WORKS 2015 Architectural Computational Design Studio 2017 Hotel Design Studio 2016 Traditional House Survey
01 INVASION & MERGING
2015 Tsinghua University Open Studio — Socialist Slabs Instructor: Li Hu, Luo Ren, Ye Qing Site area: 6000m2 Location: Beijing, China Collaborator: Ge Sihang, Ding Xiaohan Contribution: Concept 30%, Analysis 70%, Phisycal Model 50%, Techinical drawing 80%, Rendering 40%
Beijing has been expanding at an incredible rate in the last decade, taking up too much room while the city has become fragmented and dull. This project is a renovation of an old social dwelling in central urban area of Beijing. It focus on tackling the conflicts between high demand for residence and lack of public space in the neighborhood . In this project, we try to explore the relationship between private living unit and public activity space. The original dwelling is largely closed. The residents are seperated from each other and isolated from the city. With an open and sharing attitude and new public programs, this project aims to become a renovation prototype for simmilar old dwellings in the central urban area.
CONT Location
Its convenient location and complete facilities in the area has made the apartments extremely valuable for people like office workers, young parents with children.
Similar slabs were built as social housing around Beijing in the 1970s. By redesigning this building, we create a prototype for future renovation for the similar ones.
Wangtong Mall
Residential District
Xidan Business District SITE
City Park Beijing No.35 Middle School
Site Survey
Slabs around Beijing
Isolated Slab
The slab stands like a poker-faced giant in the center area of Beijing. With no program other than residence, the slab has little interaction with the surrounding urban area. The slab is a dead end of urban space.
Isolated Apartments
The building was divided into units, between which the only horizontal connections are corridors on every third floor. With little common space, the apartments and its residents are isolated from each other.
TEXT Chinese Housing Evolution
Social Housing in China has shown a dramatic evolution after the foundation of the Republic, mostly due to cultural revolution and economic development. Materials for living needs, like stoves and toilet, has been gradually individualized. A result of this major change is less interaction between neighbors. Communities are breaking into pieces.
Courtyard House: Common Space Ratio 65%
Tube-shaped Apartment: Common Space Ratio 45%
BEFORE 1940s: FAMILIAL
Modern Apartment: Common Space Ratio 20%
FROM 1940s TO 1980s: COLLECTIVISM
AFTER 1980s: INDIVIDUALISM
Failures in Modern Social Housing
As Le Corbusier envisioned, social housing should have explicit function areas, designed by architects from top-level. However, due to low in government fonding and self-sustainability, the buildings would fall in inevitable decay.
A house is a machine for living in. Roof Programs
Business Street
Open Ground
Failures to Meet Current Needs
The slab was designed and built only to tackle housing problems in the decade when most citizens were satisfied to have a roof over them. However, as the living standard has improved over the years, the slab becomes out of date. I want places to hang out with my friends. I want a playground!
Mr. Liu Age 25 Ruirui Age 7
I would like a convenient supermarket. I need some place to do exercise.
Mrs. Zhang Age 56
Mrs. Liang Age 36
STRATEGY
Original slab Inserting public space Mirror image Integrate two buildings Original slab was an old and Shared public space pro- New frame structure in- A strong bond between the plain dwelling building. mote living standard. crease the capacity. old and the new.
Roof terrace garden
Connection between two parts
Stretched-out urban attraction
New steel frame structure
Renovated apartment groups
Business along the street
Public programs in the new frame
Renovated facade
New vertical circulation
THE BUFFER
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Share with the city
Share within the community
Streets in the air
Apartment Groups
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1 Office 2 Restaurant
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3 Apartment Group 4 Terrace Garden
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5 Bar 6 Installed Unit
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8F Plan
These shared spaces pierce through the old building and grow in the new frame. As it perforate on the shell of the original slab, middle zone like terraces and garden is generated between private apartments and public space. As these volumes extend out of the east facade of the slab, they become a showcase, attracting urban citizens to use and generating more interaction between the complex and the city.
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Section 1 2 3 4 5
Theatre Library Office Canteen Shop
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Cafe Hostel Restaurant Nursery Hostel Rooms
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PROGRAM DISTRIBUTION
There are three major types of apartment groups, they are designed to suit different major groups of urban citizen.
These groups provides them the opportunity to enjoy themselves at home at a cost they could afford and communicate with their peer groups and those with common interest.
The frame structure create a vertical community. Slab residents and urban citizens could access the community easily, creating interaction among them.
APARTMENT GROUP
Group A Original floor plan
1st Level
2nd Level
3rd Level
Public Programs
Public Living Room
Trampoline Public Study
Public Dining Climbing Wall Trampoline Emergency Exit Public Lounge
Home Cinema Family Gathering Main Entrance Public Dining
Large Workshop
Large Store
Large Office
Small Workshop
Middle Workshop
Small Office
Middle Residence
Large Residence
Small Residence
Installation Process
INSTALLED UNIT Prefabricated units are designed as supplements to the community ecosystem, which are also indispensable components. These plug-and-play nodes would increase the capacity and the flexibility of the entire system, since the demands and the surrounding environment would constantly change through time.
VERTICAL Partition
Window
Track
Direction
Scale
Stairway
Double-height
Step seats
Platform
High corridor
HORIZONTAL
ENCOUNTER As the new steel structure host a wide range of pubic programs and works as a buffer zone, residents and visitors would gather in this area, experiencing different kinds of encounter. Manipulations in forms and compound modes of the space make people approach to each other from different angles and distance.
02 OPEN CAMPUS GATE
2016 Tsinghua University Landscape and Urban Design Studio — New Campus Gate Instructor: Prof. Zhu Yufan, A/Prof. Liu Hailong Site area: 0.3km² Location: Beijing, China Collaborator: Yu Haowei, Jin Biru, Shi Yiyuan Contribution: Concept 40%, Analysis 50%, Rendering 50%, Technical Drawing 40%
University campus are usually largely separated from the city in China, while possessing public service facilities that are scarce to the city. As a new campus gate is to be built on southeast border of Tsinghua University, we consider it as a chance to make some changes. After studying the site area on city scale and regional scale, we redesign the road system in the area to adapt to the changes brought by the new campus gate. Sites like Tsinghua Art Museum, School of Fine Art, new transfer station attract huge crowds to the area, along with daily commuters. In this project, we try to organize these flows and circulations, integrate absent public programs into the landscape, share resouces for on and off campus user, creating an open campus gate.
City Road Grid The large campus breaks grid pattern of roads.
Current Road Status Low-efficiency roads leads to poor traffic condition.
Off-Campus Urban facilities are easier to access by the gate.
On-Campus On-campus facilities are within walking distance.
Planning Road A new plan for road system is proposed.
Combine Tracks and Roads Three barriers in front of the gate are combined.
Flow and Circulation Large crowds are diverted by their transportation.
Resource Sharing On and off campus people share the landscape.
LANDSCAPE STRATEGIES
Traffic pattern as the structure of the landscape
Underground connection between blocks
Slopes for on and off campus crowds
Rest points reshape the landscape
Book Store Study Hall Lecture Hall Flower Bed Grove Amphitheater Public Activity Meeting
Car Parking Shared Bicycle
Public Activity Sculpture Grove Flower Bed
Subway Bus Information
Shop Snack Plantation Playground Flower Bed Restaurant
Grove
Cafe
Exercise
Souvenir Art Gallery Supermarket Cinema
PROGRAMS ON DIFFERENT LEVELS We design an underground system, connecting different blocks and facilities, and seek to restitch the neighborhood. The underground system includes a transfer system among buses and two metro lines, an underground entrance to the art museum, an on-campus parking garage, passageways connecting each street block and commercial and service facilities. Programs are distributed on different level. Indoor programs are placed in underground space. Aboveground space is left for landscape and outdoor activities.
SECTIONAL LANDSCAPE DESIGN Veiwing terrace Campus gate
Divergence & underground entrance
Leisure Plaza
Subway Station Entrance
Skylights
Flower Bed
Museum Access
Main Access Viewing terrace
Circulation at the Gate Plaza
Slope Park
Circulation of pedestrians and cyclists are separated by the flower beds in front of the school gate. Spaces are opened up in front of entrances as buffer zone.
The north slope and the south slope could only be accessed from outside and inside of the campus respectively, providing outdoor space for on and off campus.
Courtyard with trees
Bicycle rental & parking
Sculpture as streamline guidance
Secondary entrance & active field
Sculpture plaza
Main entrance & sculpture plaza
Entrance plaza of the museum
Leisure plaza
Underground exit & sunken garden
Ornamental garden
In front of the School of Fine Art
Art Plaza at the museum
The park in front of the School of the fine art provide active fields. The space under the south slope is used for bike rental and parking.
Ornamental trees are planted in the garden on the east side of the plaza. The plaza could host small outdoor ceremony or concert.
Underground entrance Amphitheater
Waterfeature viewing terrace
Underground exit & rest area
Renovated waterfeature of the museum
Bicycle parking
Breakfast & snack bars
Facing the water-feature of the museum
South pedestrian
New cascade water-feature is added to the original round pool of the museum, guiding those exited the museum towards the underground commercial space.
During rush hours, crowds of commuters come out of the metro station flooding south. Breakfast and snack bars are set up on their path.
ELEMENT T
Divergence
Center
Different track separations are integrated with different programs.
Sculptures, ponds and plants in the center define the small yards and plaza.
TYPOLOGY
Boundary
Destination
Spaces near boundaries are expanded for stay and relax.
Different programs are inserted, as destination nodes for people in the area.
PLAN
On large scale, plants, especially trees with canopy, could use as guidance to people’s view focus or circulation of the area.
NTS
On human scale, plants provide different layers of the landscape, spatially and chronologically. They help shaping the perception of a space.
03 WEAVING WOOD STRUCTURE
2017 Collegiate Timber Structure Design Invitation Tournament — Natatorium Design Instructor: A/Prof. Huang Weixin Site area: 7000m² Location: Nanjing, China Collaborator: Zhang Ruochen, Tong Hanshuang Contribution: Team Leader, Concept 70%, Analysis 40%, Rendering 50%, Physical Model 40%
In the design process of a natatorium, our major focus is the large span structure. The natatorium is located in a green field in a university at Nanjing. Wood, which is more environmental friendly than steel and concrete, is our first choice of material. Also, since the texture of wood is pleasing to eye and gives people a warm and mild feeling, we want to design a natatorium with magnificent exposed structure. Inspired by the research and design made by Frei Otto and Shigeru Ban, we create a weaving shell structure. The weaving grid is generated and optimized in computer. Plywood structure components could be prefabricated in factory precisely. After structure analysis and calculation, the sizes of the structure components are much smaller than the sizes of corresponding parts in ordinary frame structure.
WOOD STRUCTURE
为什么用木结构
Glulam has a better strength to weight ratio than steel. Modern glulam technology allows the manufacture of thick, wide and very long components, not just simple straight but curved elements too.
MORPHOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
Program Distribution
Large-span Shell Structure
Triangle Structure Grid
Courtyard as Focus
GRID PATTERN DEVELOPMENT
The ordinary triangle pattern has shape stability. However, due to the rods of three direction intersect at the same point, the joint at each intersection would be complicated.
By offsetting the rods, a mosaic grid pattern of hexagons and triangles are created. There are only two rods at each intersection. The joints would be much simpler.
When the structure becomes double-layered and weave through each other, the overall structural strength was largely promoted. The size of components are reduced.
FABRICATION AND CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
Double-curve Wood Components Fabrication
Double-layered Structure Assembly
Structure Construction
JOINT NODES
On the Ground
On Boundary Beam
Between Wood Components
Combination 1 1.2 Static 1.4 Live
Combination 3 1.2 Static 1.4X0.7 Live 1.4 Wind
Combination 5 1.35 Static 1.4X0.7 Live 1.4X0.6 Wind
Working Condition under Different Load Combinations
Combination 2
Period Time 1
1.2 Static 1.4 Live 1.4X0.6 Wind
T=0.31s
Combination 4
Period Time 2
1.2 Static 1.2X0.5 Live 1.3 Shock
T=0.3s
Combination 6
Period Time 3
1.35 Static 1.4X0.6 Wind
T=0.26s
Mode of Vibration
Summer Solstice 09:00 am
Summer Solst
Winter Solstice 09:00 am
Winter Solsti
Illumination Conditio
tice 12:00 pm
ice 12:00 pm
on under the Sunlight
Summer Solstice 15:00 pm
Winter Solstice 15:00 pm
Ground Floor
Spectators Stand
1-1 section
2-2 section
South Elevation
East Elevation
Basement
View from the Spectators Stand
View from the Main Entrance
04 SECTION GENERATOR
Computational Design Study Programmed in Processing 2017.10 Individual Work
Before the famous artist Piet Mondrian developed into rigorous abstraction of Neo-Plasticism in which he limited himself to straight, horizontal and vertical lines and basic primary colors, suppressing any sense of a subject, his early stages of artworks possess a feeling of space flow on the canvas. Paintings like Blue Facade(1914), Composition(1916), are similar to section cuts of buildings. When we look at these artworks, colors and lines directs our focus to travel on the canvas. If we look at evenly-distributed grids, we tend to lost our focus. It is similar to people's flow and circulation in a building. Guided by partitions and characteristics of the space, it is easier to find a destination, while in homogeneous space, people tend to get lost. In this project, I try to use generative algorithms to create compositional section cut drawings of a building. After generating process in computer, we human could make other interpretation, creating new partitions and connections.
REFERENCE STUDY
Composition and Architecture Composition of a painting directs our focus to travel on the canvas. If we look at evenly-distributed grids, we tend to lost our focus. It is similar to people’s flow and circulation in a building. Guided by partitions and characteristics of the space, it is easier to find a destination, while in homogeneous space, people tend to get lost. Extracts of Local Distance Benjamin Maus, Frederic Gmeiner, Thorsten Posselt
Colors and Size The relationship of colors in the painting would affects people’s feeling of the size. Piet Mondrian’s Composition with Red, Yellow and Blue is a perfect example. As shown on the left, the painting without color gives viewers almost same feeling of the size as the original one, while the size of the grid is altered.
Original Painting
Altered Painting without Color
Colors and Composition Colors of a painting decompose the geometries. In the painting Nude Descending a Staircase, variation in brightness and saturation of the color shows the movement of the nude women. In Rothko’s No.1, the black color is the only element in the composition of the painting.
Nude Descending a Staircase, No.2 Marcel Duchamp
No.1, 1964 Black Form Paintings Mark Rothko
METHODOLOGY
Initialization
Original Building
Pixelate Section Plane
Iteration
RGB Distribution
Multiple Iteration
Translation
Convert to HSB
Create Partition
GENERATIVE ALG
In computers, there is no real randomness. By using the time w algorithm, a connection between time and space is established. tions. After each iteration, the colors are translated into HSB
GORITHM FLOW
when new iteration happens as a seed for generative randomness The program would draw RGB rectangles through multiple iteravalues to determine positions and the thickness of partitions.
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ITERA
Images above exhibit iteration records from 16th generation to 45th gene and position with random transparency of red, green and blue. After 30th iteration process only keeps records of RGB distribution in last 30 iter
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ATION
eration. In each iteration, three new rectangles are drawn in random size generation, the rectangles drawn in early iterations would disappear. The rations, to simulate influence from the past fade out as time goes by.
Terrace
View Point
Podium
Balcony
Eave
Window
Steps
Ramp
Stair
Tunnels
Valley
Bridge
INTERPRETATION USING ELEMENTS After the generation of basic sections in computer, the drawings need to be interpreted. Architectural elements,including terraces, balcony, tunnels, are extracted and new elements, including steps, stairs, ramps, could be added.
THREE DIMENTIONAL TRANSLATION When several generations of section cuts are extruded and stacked on one another, three dimensional space are generated. New connections and partitions that are parallel with the section cut direction are added.
SPIDER WEB 2015 Tsinghua University Architectural Computation Design Studio Instructor: A/Prof. Huang Weixin Site area: 400m2 Location: Beijing, China Individual Work
As landscape of the city has changed dramatically, the urban tissue of old Beijing has been largely eroded. In this computational design studio, we were required to conduct a research on a biological form, transform it into a prototype for architecture design. I choose to simulate tangled spider web, of which the forms vary according to the surrounding area, and install it into Beijing Hutong area, bringing vitality into traditional courtyard house district.
MORPHOLOGY
Supporting Structure
Weave Pattern
Add Tension
Connect Two Houses
Fill in the Yard
ATTACHED TO THE OLD HOUSES
Fit in the Corner
SECTION PERCEPTION
CONSTRUCTION JOINTS
Rod Pieces Joint
Rod and Structure Joint
U HOTEL 2017 Tsinghua University Hotel Design Studio Instructor: A/Prof. Liu Boying Site area: 13590m2 Location: Beijing, China Individual Work
The site was located at the flourishing Wudaokou area of Beijing, where all groups of people gather. The hotel could be access from the south and the west through city major roads, and from the east through a pedestrian street. Therefore, a courtyard is designed as a center gather area of the hotel. The hotel is also a complex, hosting programs, including restaurants, conference center, recreations, that could be access by both hotel guests and urban customers.
Conference Center
Logistics Service
Food Catering Hotel Office
Lobby
Facility
Building Equipment
Lobby
Multi-function
Recreation
Recreation
Creative Office
Creative Office
Terrace Garden
Underground Parking
MULTI-FUNCTION COURTYARD
Indoor Theater
Two-way Stage
TECHNICAL DRAWINGS
Section
Ground Floor Plan
CHASING THE HISTORY 2016 Zhuge Village Traditional House Survey Instructor: Dr. Zhang Yu Location: Zhejiang, China Individual Work
Profound Chinese traditional vernacular architecture has different forms and techniques all around china. Zhuge Village in Zhejiang province, a well-preserved small ancient town, has provide a perfect example to study and research the traditional vernacular houses in the Yangtze River delta from Ming and Qing Dynasty.
GROUND FLOOR PLAN DRAWING
FACADE DRAWINGS
SECTION DRAWINGS
DAI HAOCHENG SELECTED WORKS 2013-2017 Room 601A, Zijing Apartment No.11, Tsinghua University, Haidian District Beijing, 100084