Agriculture 2011

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Farm and Ranch

Finding inspiration a world away Plenty jobs, few workers Is Camelina ready to take off? Produced quarterly by Tribune Publishing Company

Northwest

SUMMER 2011

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Farm and Ranch | Summer 2011

| Thursday, June 30, 2011 | MOSCOWPULLMAN DAILY NEWS / LEWISTON TRIBUNE

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Farm and Ranch | Summer 2011 Pend Oreille Ferry

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Thursday, June 30, 2011 | MOSCOWPULLMAN DAILY NEWS / LEWISTON TRIBUNE |

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WSU EXTENSION

A little Ukranian inspiration WASHINGTON EDUCATOR LEARNS TO APPRECIATE ADVANTAGES OF HOME By Sarah Mason for Northwest Farm and Ranch

Camelina

What it is, and why you should care | 12

Horses, heritage

UI helps Nez Perce connect with their past | 5

Cropbusters

Farm humor, because everyone, even farmers, need a good laugh | 13 On the cover: Steve Van Vleet with Ukrainian farmers. Story, next page.

Northwest Farm and Ranch is published quarterly by the Lewiston Tribune and Moscow-Pullman Daily News and printed at the Tribune Publishing Co. Inc.’s printing facility at 505 Capital St. in Lewiston. To advertise in Northwest Farm and Ranch, contact the Moscow-Pullman Daily News advertising department at 208.882.5561 or Advertising Manager Craig Staszkow at cstaszkow@dnews.com, or the Lewiston Tribune advertising department at 208.848.2216 or Advertising Director Bob Reitz at breitz@lmtribune.com, Editorial suggestions and ideas can be sent to Lee Rozen at lrosen@dnews.com or Doug Bauer at dbauer@lmtribune.com

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ar from the rolling hills of the Palouse, while studying the dark soils of Ukraine, Washington State University extension educator Steve Van Vleet said he found a renewed appreciation for his homeland. “It’s not the equipment, it’s not the ability, it’s not the farmland, it’s not drought that restricts them, it’s the education and some of the infrastructure,” Van Vleet said. “It really shows you how powerful our education system is, but also how wonderful America really is.” Van Vleet worked with Ukrainian farmers early this spring as part of a federally funded program that connects farmers across the globe. It was his first trip there, but his relationship with Ukrainian farmers started long before. For years, Van Vleet has hosted visiting farmers from Ukraine and worked with them on conservation tillage. Van Vleet said the similarities between the Northwest region of the United States and Ukraine makes the partnership ideal. Ukrainians face similar weather patterns as those in the Palouse and their soil is also high producing, he said. “They have a very similar production system in Ukraine,” Van Vleet said. Van Vleet said his trip to Ukraine reinforced his appreciation for the education and research done in American universities. Farmers in Ukraine have no connection with the research done at the university, so the development of farming practices is slow and not widespread. “They have a lot of their combines from

photo courtesy Steve Van Vleet

Washington State University extension educator Steve Van Vleet, left, inspects the soil of a Ukrainian farmer. Germany, but they also have John Deere everywhere,” he said. “But the small farms will still do it with the horse and the plow ... with the horse hauling seed in the cart.” Old farming practices mean Ukrainian farmers are losing money. While watching

Still, he said Palouse and regional farmers could learn a lot about crop rotation from Ukrainian farmers. While regional farmers stick to one or two crops, Ukrainian farmers’ lands run the gamut. “They’ll rotate corn, peas, winter wheat, sugar beets, winter rape seed, winter wheat and corn and sunflowers and back,” he said. “They’ll have up to 10 years of different rotation crops.” Van Vleet said most regional farms could benefit financially from a rotation, especially with wheat prices in constant flux. The rotation from one crop to another also gives soils a chance to regain certain organic materials, extending the land’s production life-span. He said, “We produce the best wheat in the world, but how long can we do that?”

Van Vleet said his trip to Ukraine reinforced his appreciation for the education and research done in American universities. Farmers in Ukraine have no connection with the research done at the university, so the development of farming practices is slow and not widespread. the practices of area farmers, Van Vleet said he discovered they were wasting money by over-seeding their crops and many farms were over-tilled. Van Vleet said if they don’t change their practices soon, their production may change for the worse. They have great soil, he said, but the over-tilling means that in a few years they could lose it.

Sarah Mason formerly wrote for the Moscow-Pullman Daily News.

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Thursday, June 30, 2011 | MOSCOWPULLMAN DAILY NEWS / LEWISTON TRIBUNE

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Many of these jobs require the expertise of college-trained professionals to operate high-tech equipment and make astute here’s good news and bad news marketing decisions. on the agriculture career front. Durfey said he thinks the reason for the The good news is that there dearth of graduates going into agriculture are plenty of jobs available careers is mainly the lack of awareness of for young people looking for a future in the job opportunities. production or support agriculture. “As a general public they think ag is From 2006 to 2008, jobs in the agristrictly out there working on the farm,” culture industry increased from 16,424 to Durfey said. “I don’t 27,938. think they realize The bad news how many other is that the number connections there of college graduates are.” seeking agriculture He points out careers has stayed that the median age fairly flat over the for farmers is 58. same time period. “That means.” “We just don’t Durfey said, “that have enough kids we don’t have coming into ag enough of the roles,” said James younger generation Durfey, a senior coming back into instructor at production roles or Washington State all roles, all aspects, University. all across agricul“The first thing James Durfy, Washington State University ture. people think of is “We need to cows and plows get the word out, but there’s only what opportunities 1.7 percent of the population involved in there are. These jobs require the students’ agriculture and 18 percent of the people in willingness to travel, to go where the jobs ag are not in the production side of it. And are, but there are some great rewards. we just don’t have the people out there to “We need the new generation of kids fill those roles. That’s a serious problem.” coming out of high school to think about Since 2006 jobs in agriculture have roles in agriculture.” been increasing faster than the number of On the Net: There’s more information graduates coming out of agriculture colabout job opportunities in agriculture, as leges, Durfey said. well as a breakdown of college enrollments “I know students coming out of ag in the field at: www.agcareers.com technology will have two to three different job offers” by the time they graduate, Kathy Hedberg can be reached at (208) 983-2326, he said. “Good paying jobs” in the food or by email to kathyhedberg@gmail.com. industry and for companies such as Lamm Weston, Simplot and ADM.

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“The first thing people think of is cows and plows but there’s only 1.7 percent of the population involved in agriculture, and 18 percent of the people in ag are not in the production side of it. And we just don’t have the people out there to fill those roles. That’s a serious problem.”

Farm and Ranch | Summer 2011

Thursday, June 30, 2011 | MOSCOWPULLMAN DAILY NEWS / LEWISTON TRIBUNE |

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AG EDUCATION

‘Horses are the best teachers’ UI HELPS NEZ PERCE CONNECT WITH HERITAGE Kasey Crawford for Northwest Farm and Ranch

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s Aaron Miles makes the 40-minute daily drive from Moscow to Lapwai, Idaho, he is reminded of the suffering and loss of identity his Nez Perce ancestors experienced at the hands of the federal government. The Nez Perce Tribe was a horse-andland-based tribe until 1877 when Chief Joseph surrendered at the battle at Bear Paw, Mont., says Miles, natural resource manager for the Nez Perce. “When the horse was taken from us, along with our weaponry, in 1877, we lost the breeding genetics earlier established by the tribe,” he said. “We were the horse

photo courtesy Valdasue Steele

Betsy Spaulding and her horse, Splash.

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breeders of Indian country.” The Nez Perce continued to lose lands and connections to their ancestry and heritage. A large part of the Nez Perce identity revolved around the horse, yet today many tribe members don’t know how to take care of and ride a horse, says Miles. The federally funded University of Idaho extension service aims to bridge the gap between past and present Nez Perce lifestyles to include the horse. The UI’s extension service established a free program in Lapwai in 2008 for people who don’t have access to their own horse but want to learn how to ride. Fort Hall and Coeur d’Alene have similar programs. See Horses Page 7

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Farm and Ranch | Summer 2011

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Horses from Page 5 But extension programs like these are in danger of losing federal funding. Extension agent Valdasue Steele said the program doesn’t need a big budget. “I know where I can make cuts,� she said. “But I’m fairly optimistic we won’t lose it all.� Steele should know if any budget cuts are made by the end of the month. Steele uses her own horses, along with tribe horses, to teach skills related to leadership, communication and teamwork. “It builds confidence, being able to handle a horse,� she said. Betsy Spaulding, who will be an eighthgrader at Lapwai Middle School in the fall, gained confidence, a sense of responsibility and time management from working with Steele and the horses. “I started riding at age 7 but then I had a bad experience and took a couple years off, and then I started riding with Val,� she said. “I’ve learned a lot and have a lot of fun. The horse always knows how I’m feeling and reacts to it.� Steele begins every session with basic safety instruction, including picking up a foot, grooming and proper behavior around horses. Then, she teaches basic riding posture, balance and leading. After participants can safely ride in the arena, the final activity she hopes to share with them is a trail ride. Steele educates 75 to 80 people, any age, in a given year through the horsemanship program. Steele said she isn’t the real teacher.

“The horses are teaching the skills,� she said. “Horses are the best teachers.� Miles hopes the horsemanship program gives children the chance to experience the horse culture of their ancestors. “It gives them a connection to the horse, in a tribal way, not a cowboy way,� he said. Both he and Steele hope that the program can be completely run by tribal members in the future, so they can pass down their own horse culture to future generations and take on leadership roles within the tribe. Along with the horsemanship program, Steele runs a 4-H horse club and teaches part of the Lapwai High School horse science class. The tribe is rediscovering horse breeding. “Our hope is to understand where we’re going with the horse genetics,� Miles said. They breed the Appaloosa and AkhalTeke, originally from Turkmenistan, to create a new horse commonly known as the Nez Perce Horse but in Nez Perce language called Sik’eem, or “horse.� The tribe hopes to sell horses from the breeding program but the difficult economic time creates a problem. “People are trying to sell horses, not looking to buy new ones,� he said. “But we just have to show people what makes our breed unique.� “We don’t live like our ancestors did,� he said. “But there are so many things we can do to keep our identity.�

Kasey Crawford is a Pullman freelance writer.

Miles hopes the horsemanship program gives children the chance to experience the horse culture of their ancestors. “It gives them a connection to the horse, in a tribal way, not a cowboy way.�

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Farm and Ranch | Summer 2011

Thursday, June 30, 2011 | MOSCOWPULLMAN DAILY NEWS / LEWISTON TRIBUNE |

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COUNTY FAIRS

Funds safe for now WASHINGTON LEGISLATURE CUTS $500,000 FROM $4 MILLION PROVIDED PAST FIVE BIENNIUMS By David Edwards for Northwest Farm and Ranch

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fter all the talk about budget cuts, state funding for county fairs in Washington and Oregon is safe for now. Idaho provides no state funding for county fairs. According to the Washington State Fairs Association, the legislature has appropriated $3.5 million over two years for county fairs, down $500,000 from the $4 million provided for each of the past five bienniums. In Oregon, the legislature voted this year to spend $3.58 million for the next two years, an increase of more than $750,000 from the past two years. John McCulley, secretary/treasurer of the Oregon Fairs Association, said the money comes from lottery dollars and will be divided equally among the counties, each getting about $36,000. The bill is awaiting the governor’s signature. During Washington budget discussions, several proposals had been made to eliminate funding for county fairs, many with the support of Gov. Christine Gregoire. Deeper cuts could have been significant for many fairs around the state. Mike Cooper, Asotin County Fair Board director said in an interview with KLEW-TV in Lewiston, that “20 to 25 percent of our income or revenues is from the state and without that it will be tough

for us.” The board of the Whitman County Fair, according to director Bob Reynolds, has “formulated plans to reduce expenditures in areas affected by the reduction in allocation dollars by the state.” The Asotin County Fair receives about $35,000 while Whitman County gets $36,000 to $40,000 a year from the state appropriation. Sen. Mark Schoesler, a Republican representing Washington’s 9th Legislative District, fought to keep funding for fairs from being eliminated. “A few years ago we considered increasing funding for fairs,” he said. “We did a study that showed that fairs had a very strong economic impact. When the economy fell we weren’t able to give them their increase. In writing the current budget cuts, I felt that fairs had already given enough by not receiving that increase, particularly because the fairs have shown themselves to be very fiscally responsible.” Schoesler said fairs are very important to many of the communities in Washington for agricultural education and fund raising. Glen Landrus, FFA advisor at Asotin High School and director of the Asotin agricultural education program, generally has as many as 40 students exhibiting livestock and many more who exhibit other projects. The fair gives students the opportunity, he said, to “develop transferable skills such as responsibility, time management, problem solving, communication, and citizenship.” Reynolds said fairs provide a place for local organizations to run booths and perform services that help them raise money. Also, the fair provides significant opportunities to contact the public for county services such as the health department and libraries, as well as 4-H Extension, the Red Cross, church groups, elected officials, and the USDA and its associated agencies.

David Edwards is a Moscow, Idaho, freelance writer.

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Farm and Ranch | Summer 2011

| Thursday, June 30, 2011 | MOSCOWďšşPULLMAN DAILY NEWS / LEWISTON TRIBUNE

Volunteers pass out four tons of vegetables, fruit and meat as part of Second Harvest Inland Northwest serving 250 families in Asotin County. Steve Hanks Lewiston Tribune

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PHILANTHROPY

Second Harvest FARMERS STEP UP; MUCH OF SECOND HARVEST FOOD SUPPLIES DONATED BY AREA GROWERS By Peggy Hayden for Northwest Farm and Ranch

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t was a cool Thursday in Clarkston when the Second Harvest mobile food bank provided fresh meat and produce to 300 needy families in just 55 minutes, much of it donated by farmers. “It went lickety-split,” Dawn Love said about the food the truck was carrying. She and Randy Schacht, both of Spokane, work for Second Harvest, a nonprofit organization that provides fresh produce and meats, donated by farmers, retailers and others, to food banks and area needy. But people continued to seek free supplies long after the food was gone. Usually when the truck stops in Clarkston it serves about 250 families. Love said they track stops and adjust how much food the truck carries to that location the next time it delivers. “We will prepare for more in the coming distributions to Clarkston,” she said. Food given out included 280 beef roasts, five-pound bags of french fries, potatoes, onions, cucumbers, peaches and nectarines, Schacht said. The beef roasts delivered in Clarkston came from the Washington beef industry. Nearly 8 million pounds of fresh produce donated to Second Harvest since July 1, 2010, came from Washington growers, said Rod Wieber, who works with growers and grocers on donations. Second Harvest doesn’t just provide food directly to the needy, it also donates supplies to about 275 food banks throughout eastern Washington and northern Idaho. The refrigerated trucks take perishable items to rural areas where food banks don’t have the ability to keep the quantity of food there is to hand out. Mobile food

bank trucks travel throughout the 21 counties in eastern Washington and the five counties in northern Idaho. The trucks are on the road delivering food three to five days a week. Some locations receive more than one visit a year from the mobile food bank, like Clarkston, which gets three visits a year, Schacht said. It depends on need, Love added. Wieber said there are different ways farmers can donate. They can set aside acres for hunger relief, they can donate excess produce, or they can provide unmarketable items that are edible but may have a blemish that make them less desirable to grocers. In return, Wieber said, farmers receive tax breaks and protection under the Bill Emerson Good Samaritan Food Donation Act. Growers give produce in bulk bins and then volunteers repackage the items for distribution. Second Harvest has two distribution centers, one in Spokane and one in Kennewick. Growers can call the distribution centers when they have donations and Second Harvest will pick them up. The organization has a food sourcing team that stays in contact with growers who have donated in the past and arranges for future donations, but with the increased need new donors are always welcome, Wieber said. “I can’t emphasize enough the incredible need,” Wieber said. “We have not seen a slow down at all.” Growers looking for more information or to assist can call (509) 252-6241 or visit 2-harvest.org.

Peggy Hayden can be reached at (208) 848-2265, or by e-mail to phayden@lmtribune.com.

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| Thursday, June 30, 2011 | MOSCOWPULLMAN DAILY NEWS / LEWISTON TRIBUNE

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Prepping the next generation PRECISION AGRICULTURE VITAL TO FARM FUTURE By Kelli Hadley for Northwest Farm and Ranch

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n a spring that saw far more rainfall than sunshine, Idaho farmers like Robert Blair can’t afford to ignore technological advances in agricul-

ture. Blair uses autosteer, a yield monitor and Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAVs) to keep his business alive — his advocacy for and success in precision agriculture got him named Precision Ag Farmer of the Year in 2009. The long-time Kendrick farmer said using the technology is effective in increasing yield, reducing costs and helping with environmental sustainability, but only about 10 percent of farmers in the nation, as well as in Idaho, use the newer equipment. “You have to learn it,” Blair said. “And it does cost some money. The average age of a farmer is 55-59 years-old and they’ve been told their whole life, ‘Don’t trust anything electrical because you can’t depend on it.’ The other thing is ... a farmer knows what a tractor will do, he doesn’t understand what the newfangled technology will do, or at least what he considers newfangled.” The most commonly used advanced technology on farms is autosteer because it’s easier to understand and see results, but Blair said the real benefit is in using a yield monitor’s imagery to mark where weeds are, see damage and spot other problems in a field. “Take a year like this year, excessive moisture, excessive rainfall,” Blair said. “We can’t get out in the fields and plant. For insurance purposes, we have to take pictures. As a farmer, you have to verify why you couldn’t get out in the field, so I can take aerial photos.” Despite the low percentage of farmers accepting the technological advances, the

trend is catching on — however slowly. “In the last year or two, out of five publications, at least one will have something on remote sensing which, a couple years ago, we never saw anything,” Blair said. “We have a young generation of men and women coming up that were raised on technology and ... if I can learn this stuff now, that will give my two boys a head start in doing better with it.” In terms of the next generation of farmers, University of Idaho professor Dev Shrestha said students in his GPS and Precision Agriculture class seem to be more excited about learning the logistics of the equipment. The class is a requirement for four majors in the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences. “It’s a junior-level class, so there’s a lot of different hands-on (work) and the kids get excited about agriculture,” Shrestha said. “Being able to apply real technology, they see ways to enjoy agriculture instead of the old-fashioned work.” Shrestha said in teaching the information and methods at younger ages, it will make a big impact on the future of farming, as most students plan on using it when they leave college. In addition, he said, not all the precision technology requires buying completely new, expensive equipment — a lot of it is just built on to what already exists. “It’s more efficient and less cumbersome,” Shrestha said. “I’ve heard stories about farmers falling asleep in their tractors and wrecking their machine because it’s a hot day and they don’t have to do as much ... other than that, there’s no drawbacks to using this kind of equipment.”

Kelli Hadley can be reached at (208) 882-5561, ext. 234, or by email to khadley@dnews.com.

Farm and Ranch | Summer 2011

Thursday, June 30, 2011 | MOSCOWPULLMAN DAILY NEWS / LEWISTON TRIBUNE |

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TIP continues to prove a win-win

50 E OV

around, who wants their land to still be used for farming. Once they do, I think they’re really relieved someone young is coming back home to farm.” Under amendments to the Food Security Act, $25 million became available in 2008 for the transition of expiring CRP land from a retired or retiring owner or operator to a beginning or socially disadvantaged farmer or rancher to return land to sustainable grazing or crop production land. TIP provides land owners with up to two additional annual rental payments after the date of expiration of the CRP contract. “It’s not only beneficial for the person receiving the ground to farm, but also for the person leasing it out,” Kiesz said. Jim Knecht, Idaho’s Latah County executive director for the FSA, said the program is one way for young farmers to overcome obstacles while trying to make it into the agriculture business. Daunting start up costs are associated with beginning a farm, he said, including finding land and equipment at an affordable price. “The CRP contract holder is happy from the aspect of getting (additional) CRP rent off that ground and also they’re also helping someone get started in the business,” he said. “It gives the young farmer an opportunity to get into the business without debt load.” For information on TIP, go to the online services tab of the FSA’s website at www.fsa. usda.gov and click “TIP net” link on the right hand side of the page. More information is also available by calling your local FSA office.

Christina Lords can be reached at (208) 882-5561, ext. 301, or by email to clords@dnews.com.

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fter Brian Kiesz got an agriculture technology and management degree from Washington State University in 2009, he wanted to see what else life could offer him. After two years of exploring different jobs, including a stint doing turf management, he said, he was ready to come back to agriculture. “After that, I just knew the farm was where I wanted to be,” he said. One way to do that, he said, was to get to know older farmers who were looking for someone to work their land through the Farm Service Agency’s Transition Incentives Program, or TIP. Kiesz gained experience as a dry land wheat farmer working on his family farm near Ritzville, Wash., before furthering his education at WSU. Now, he’s looking to settle down with his wife and start a farm of his own near Ritzville, somewhere on the Palouse or wherever God opens a door for him, he said. Through the program, farmers looking to retire from the business can place ads for land available to be farmed because it is ready to come out of the Conservation Reserve Program. Conversely, new or socially disadvantaged farmers or ranchers can place an ad letting older farmers know they’re available to work, lease or buy the land. The program is available to retired or retiring farmers and beginning or socially disadvantaged farmers in Washington, Oregon, Idaho and throughout the United States. “Those farmers don’t know you’re out there if you’re not talking to them,” Kiesz said. “It’s important to get a sense of who’s

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Farm and Ranch | Summer 2011

| Thursday, June 30, 2011 | MOSCOWPULLMAN DAILY NEWS / LEWISTON TRIBUNE

Handout photo

Camelina boasts an oil that has tested well as a jet fuel.

TRENDING

Camelina plant may be added to dryland crops AIRLINES, MILITARY ‘GOING GAGA’ ABOUT FUEL USAGE By Kathy Hedberg for Northwest Farm and Ranch

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crop farmers might use to extend their two-year rotations to three might also be the newest green fuel for the aviation industry. Bill Schillinger, a research agronomist at Washington State University, said camelina experiments that began four years ago show promise, not only as a food source, but as an industrial fuel. “Camelina is a brassica oilseed crop with a pretty high oil content,” said Schillinger. “It’s an excellent edible oil with a great omega 3 fatty acid composition. “But the real interest is in aviation fuel. The airlines and the Navy and Air Force are

going gaga over the possibility of camelina oil as a mix.” Schillinger said tests have been conducted in jet aircraft using a 50/50 blend of standard aviation fuel with camelina oil. The result show good performance coupled with a reduction in toxic exhausts. The Air Force recently bought a half million gallons of camelina oil from producers in Montana, he said, and has tested it in F-16s and Thunderbird jets at Fairchild Air Force Base in Spokane. “Now we need to figure out how to grow it,” he said. Schillinger said research has been going on since 2008 to see if camelina can be See Camelina Page 13

Thursday, June 30, 2011 | MOSCOWPULLMAN DAILY NEWS / LEWISTON TRIBUNE | 13

Farm and Ranch | Summer 2011

Camelina from Page 13 grown in a dryland cropping system with an average of 9.5 inches of rainfall a year. The first year it was grown there was only 6.5 inches of rain and the crop was “a complete disaster.” The next year there were 8.5 inches of rain and the crop produced about 500 pounds of seed per acre. In 2010 rainfall was plentiful and the crop produced about 1,000 pounds of seed per acre. “This year is another wet year and the camelina looks pretty good,” he said. “What it’s going to yield, I don’t know.” One of the issues with camelina is that it does not produce a lot of residue, which calls for farmers to reduce tillage when they go from harvesting it to leaving a field fallow the next year. A field needs stubble during fallow years to hold the soil in place and add organic matter when wheat is seeded the following year.

“What we’re doing is non-invasive tillage, where we’re doing a slicing below the ground after camelina (has been harvested) trying to retain as much residue on the ground as possible,” Schillinger said. “If camelina does come in as a crop, farmers are going to really have to watch their tillage.” Despite its sensitivity to moisture, Schillinger said camelina has proven to be a hardy plant in the widely ranging temperatures of the area. “It’s a tough crop, it doesn’t freeze out,” he said. “We’ve planted it as early as Oct. 1 and as late as March 15 and those tiny camelina plants will go into the winter even with no snow cover and howling winds and temperatures below 10 degrees below zero and last. We expected the camelina to be dead, but it made it through.”

Kathy Hedberg can be reached at (208) 983-2326 or by email to kathyhedberg@gmail.com. Handout photo

Camelina experiments were presented to 224 attendees at Washington State University’s 95th annual field day at its Dryland Research Station north of Lind, Wash., June 16.

Once upon a time, there was this farmer ... Items for Cropbusters are taken from The Edge,” Susan Engle’s popular daily column in the Lewiston Tribune Prize-winning rooster Once upon a time, there was a farmer in the fertilized egg business. He had several hundred young laying hens, known as pullets, and 10 roosters. The farmer kept meticulous records. Any rooster that didn’t perform up to par was quickly dispatched to the dinner table. However, the farmer found that keeping a close eye on the activities of the 10 roosters took too much time. He purchased 10 sets of tiny bells and attached them to the roosters. Each bell had a different tone, so the farmer could tell which rooster was doing the job.

The farmer then sat on his porch throughout the day with a clipboard and a pen, noting the different ringing bells. In due course, he replaced seven underperforming roosters and soon was at peak productivity. After a couple of months, the farmer became concerned. The bells on his favorite rooster, Hank, had gone silent. The farmer went to investigate. The nine other roosters in the pen were dashing about, bells ringing, while the pullets squawked and ran. The energy expended in the fertilization of just one egg was tremendous. Old Hank had a different approach. He would hold his bells in his beak and sneak up on an available pullet, do his job and strut away. The farmer was stunned. When See Cropbusters Page 14

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Farm and Ranch | Summer 2011

| Thursday, June 30, 2011 | MOSCOWPULLMAN DAILY NEWS / LEWISTON TRIBUNE

POTATOES

If all goes well, eyes will no longer have it By Peggy Hayden for Northwest Farm and Ranch

A

new naturally occurring compound is awaiting Environmental Protection Agency approval to be marketed as a bio-pesticide to inhibit potatoes from sprouting in storage. To be sure tubers don’t have eyes when they finally get to the consumer, they generally are sprayed with the herbicide chlorpropham or CIPC, which is effective but leaves behind a residue. Because of the residue, CIPC needs to be applied in lower concentrations, requiring it to be used frequently in the storage period, and making potatoes less marketable internationally. In 2005, Washington State University professor and researcher Rick Knowles

NEW SPROUT INHIBITOR SHOWS PROMISE discovered that saturated and unsaturated alpha-beta aldehydes and ketones provide a natural alternative to CIPC. The product licensed as SmartBlock TM is a naturally occurring compound, which is already used as a food additive and flavoring agent. “The compound used is like the one that is found in the air when you mow your lawn, it gives you that fresh-cut grass smell,” Knowles said. In trials Knowles found that potatoes treated with the compound didn’t sprout even when planted. SmartBlock is being licensed and manufactured by AmVac, a company based in California. The hope, Knowles said, is that EPA approval will allow it on the market in the U.S. and Canada by harvest season

2012. SmartBlock when used with CIPC can increase sprout delay. It also can be used alone with prolonged delay in sprouting and no residue. The compound is volatile and is applied as a thermal fog in storage units. When fresh air is flushed through the storage unit 24-hours later no residue is left behind. It functions differently then CIPC in that it works directly on the skin of the potato to stop the pores from producing spores — it “burns out” sprouts, Knowles said. With CIPC, the residue keeps the spud

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he totaled the numbers, it turned out Hank was doing the job of three roosters. The farmer rotated out the underperformers and decided to showcase the intelligence of his smart and sneaky rooster. He entered Hank in the county fair, where the rooster became an overnight sensation with judges who thought they’d seen everything. At the fair’s end, Hank had been awarded the chicken world’s top honors. We’re sure you’ve heard of them. The No Bell Piece Prize and the Pullet Surprise. Doesn’t that just crack you up?

The resurrection A young preacher came upon a farmer working in his field on a Sunday. Concerned about the man’s soul, he asked, “Are you laboring in the vineyard of the Lord, my good man?” The farmer replied, “Nope, these are garbanzo beans.” “You don’t understand,” the preacher said. “Are you lost?” “Lived here all my life,” the farmer

from sprouting. Knowles sees SmartBlock being used at organic potato farms, which could increase the marketability of U.S.-grown spuds in foreign markets that have not wanted them because of the pesticides used. Even without being used in organic farming, SmartBlock is expected to increase the sale of potatoes in foreign markets because it is all natural and does not leave a residue. AmVac is currently conducting worldwide trials in France, Japan and other countries as well.

Peggy Hayden can be reached at (208) 848-2265, or by email to phayden@lmtribune.com. answered. “But are you prepared for the resurrection?” the frustrated preacher asked. The farmer considered. “When’s it gonna be?” The young preacher replied, “It could be today, tomorrow or the next day.” The farmer wiped his brow and remarked, “Well, don’t mention it to my wife. She don’t get out much and she’ll wanna go all three days.”

Pickin’ and groanin’ On cold winter nights, Henry, an elderly Washington farmer, liked nothing more than stretching out in his recliner in front of a roaring fire. One evening, just after Henry had lit the fire, he fell asleep. Several hours later he was jolted from his nap by a deepening chill. He realized his fire had burned out and all that was left were embers. Henry grabbed a poker and attempted to stir the fire and reignite the flame. About that time, a breeze gusted over the Palouse prairie and blew right down his chimney, covering him with ashes. His asthma was immediately aggravated and he had to be hospitalized. The moral of the story? See Cropbusters Page 15

Thursday, June 30, 2011 | MOSCOWďšşPULLMAN DAILY NEWS / LEWISTON TRIBUNE | 15

Farm and Ranch | Summer 2011

Cropbusters from Page 14

Die down with logs and you flake up with a wheeze.

Here’s your sign Spotted on signs across the country: Toilet out of order. Please use floor below. — Would the person who took the step ladder yesterday please bring it back or further steps will be taken. —— After coffee break, staff should empty the coffeepot and stand upside down on the draining board. —— We exchange anything - bicycles, washing machines, etc. Why not bring your wife along and get a wonderful bargain? —— On the door of a health food shop:

Closed because of illness. —— In a laundromat: Automatic washing machines. Please remove all your clothes when the light goes out. —— At a zoo: Elephants! Please stay in car. —— For anyone who has children and doesn’t know it, there is a day care on the first floor. —— On a fence surrounding a farm field: The farmer allows walkers to cross the field for free, but the bull charges. —— On the door of a repair shop: We can repair anything. (Please knock hard on the door. The bell doesn’t work.)

Brain teasers 1. A man gave one son 10 cents and the other son 15 cents. What time is it? 2. A boat has a ladder that has six rungs and each rung is one foot apart. The bottom rung is one foot from the water. The tide rises 12 inches every 15 minutes. High tide peaks

in one hour. When the tide is at its highest, how many rungs are underwater? 3. Is half of two plus two equal to two or three? 4. What can go up a chimney down, but can’t go down a chimney up? 5. If a farmer has five haystacks in one field and four haystacks in the other field, how many haystacks would he have if he combined them all in the center field? 6. What is it that goes up and goes down but does not move? ANSWERS 1. 1:45. The man gave away a total of 25 cents. He divided it between two people. Therefore, he gave a quarter to two. 2. None. The boat rises with the tide. 3. Three. Following the mathematical orders of operation, division is performed before addition. So half of two is one. Then add two and the answer is three. 4. An umbrella. 5. One. 6. The temperature.

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Farm and Ranch | Summer 2011

| Thursday, June 30, 2011 | MOSCOWPULLMAN DAILY NEWS / LEWISTON TRIBUNE

BVD RESEARCH

Scientists hope to better understand virus INFECTIONS IN BEEF CATTLE COME AT A HIGH COST By Kelli Hadley for Northwest Farm and Ranch

E

xtensive research on a not-soglamorous topic may allow ranchers to select beef cattle knowing whether the animal is susceptible to the virus that causes bovine viral diarrhea — a costly, common disease among herds. BVD is a viral disease in which an animal has a fever and diarrhea for a few days before shedding the virus and returning to health. Holly Neibergs, assistant animal scientist at Washington State University, said other animals can catch the virus through things like “rubbing their nose on them or eating poop from the grass.” Neibergs and other researchers and companies in the area are

finding ways to prevent and treat the virus. BVD can set back a whole herd. Neibergs said, “If you have 200 animals in a pen, and you get one that’s sick, and then it makes everybody else sick, then that’s kind of a bummer because you’re losing a lot of gain for an extended period of time.” Worse, Neibergs said, is when animals are “persistently infected.” Such animals result when a pregnant cow gets infected and her calf is before Day 150 of gestation. Because that calf may not have developed its immune system yet, Neibergs said the virus crosses the placental barrier, resulting in birth defects or abortion. If a calf remains to term, its immune system may not recognize that the virus is foreign and never develops an immune response to it, setting the virus forever.

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cattle and tested the herd a year later. They found removing the PI calves kept the herd clear from the virus. “It would be great because when you’re selecting your bulls, they can just genetically test those bulls and ... you could tell whether they were going to be susceptible or not,” Neibergs said. “So it would be another thing to select animals on ... but this would be a health statistic.” BVD is a sub-disease of a larger ailment among cattle, bovine respiratory disease, which Neibergs said is the most costly infectious disease among cattle. One local resource is BioTracking LLC in Moscow, which receives samples from all over the nation to test BVD in animals. Jeremy Howard, sales manager, said it affects ranchers with all kinds of animals, not just

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“Here you have this calf that is spreading this disease all over the place, and you have no idea,” Neibergs said. “Test animals before breeding so that you can identify animals that are positive of being ‘persistently infected,’ and you can eliminate them from the herd so that they will not infect a cow that’s pregnant.” Neibergs hopes to allow ranchers to select animals resistant or less susceptible to the virus. Neibergs and her team are looking at DNA differences between cattle that are susceptible to disease and cattle that aren’t. They have tested a more than 10,000 head in Washington to see if they were positive for the BVD virus. After more consistent testing in one herd, they identified more than 60 “persistently infected” calves. The team took them out of the stream of other

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Thursday, June 30, 2011 | MOSCOWďšşPULLMAN DAILY NEWS / LEWISTON TRIBUNE | 17

Farm and Ranch | Summer 2011

Cropbusters from Page 15

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Virus from Page 16 cattle. “You can submit samples for BVD testing in two different formats — you have a blood format, which we get blood from producers, and also we do a hair notch,� Howard said. “In this area, the majority of your producers are going to be beef producers, so it’s going to be beneficial for them ...

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Farm and Ranch | Summer 2011

| Thursday, June 30, 2011 | MOSCOWďšşPULLMAN DAILY NEWS / LEWISTON TRIBUNE

For The Crops, For The Best Best Crops, Start With The Best Seed From Mckay Seed Co, Inc. Start With The Best Seed From Inc. SOFT WHITE Co, WINTER WHEAT HARD REDMckay WINTER WHEAT Seed AP Legacy • SY Ovation • WB 528 WB Eddy • Norwest 553 AP Paladin • WB Rimrock WB 456 • WB 523 • Eltan • Tubbs 06 Masami • Xerpha • Brundage 96 • Madsen BEYOND RESISTANT WHEAT ORCF 102 • ORCF 103 • AP700CL WHITE CLUB WHEAT

SERVING OUR COMMUNITY FARMERS FOR MORE THAN A CENTURY.

Cara • Bruehl Other Varieties Available, Please Call.

DIVIDEND SeedEXTREME RAXILwith XT Treated PROCEED CruiserMaxx

CONDITIONED SEED

Ă?ÂŤiĂ€Âˆi˜ViĂŠÂ…>ĂƒĂŠĂŒ>Ă•}Â…ĂŒĂŠĂ•ĂƒĂŠĂŒÂœĂŠĂƒĂŒ>Ă€ĂŒĂŠ ĂœÂˆĂŒÂ…ĂŠ,i}ÂˆĂƒĂŒiĂ€i`ĂŠEĂŠ iĂ€ĂŒÂˆwi`ĂŠĂƒii`]ĂŠ ĂŒÂ…iÂ˜ĂŠVœ˜`ÂˆĂŒÂˆÂœÂ˜ĂŠÂˆĂŒĂŠĂŒÂœĂŠĂƒiÂ?iVĂŒĂŠÂœÂ˜Â?ĂžĂŠĂŒÂ…iĂŠ Â“ÂœĂƒĂŒĂŠ Ă›Âˆ}ÂœĂ€ÂœĂ•Ăƒ]ĂŠ ÂŤÂ?ՓÊ ÂŽiĂ€Â˜iÂ?Ăƒ°ĂŠ /Â…>ĂŒ½ĂƒĂŠ ĂœÂ…>ĂŒĂŠ ĂœiĂŠ `ÂœĂŠ ĂŒÂœĂŠ >ĂƒĂƒĂ•Ă€iĂŠ ĂŒÂœÂŤĂŠ ĂžÂˆiÂ?`ĂƒĂŠvÂœĂ€ĂŠÂœĂ•Ă€ĂŠVĂ•ĂƒĂŒÂœÂ“iĂ€Ăƒt

CRUISER

Other Treatments GAUCHO Available on Early -ÂŤiVˆ>Â?ĂŠ-ii`ĂŠ/Ă€i>ĂŒÂ“iÂ˜ĂŒĂƒ Orders Only Ă›>ˆÂ?>LÂ?iĂŠ"˜ >Ă€Â?ÞÊ"Ă€`iĂ€ĂƒĂŠ"˜Â?Ăž

MCKAY SEED CO, INC. Seeds For Success!

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Davenport Endicott Kettle Falls LaCrosse Moscow

Palouse Pullman Rosalia Spokane St. John

1-800-672-3535 • www.aiains.com.

Â?Â“ÂˆĂ€>]ĂŠ7 \ĂŠ ĂŠUĂŠ ÂœĂƒiĂƒĂŠ >ÂŽi]ĂŠ7 \ĂŠ

RROW MACHINERY CO. Over 50 Years of Service COLFAX 397-4377 1-800-473-3629

Full Hillside 9770 or 9870 STS

208-937-2402 208-937-2402

Sidehill Leveling for all STS Machines

208-983-1730 208-983-1730

LACROSSE 549-3556

POMEROY 843-1691 1-800-279-6371

Thursday, June 30, 2011 | MOSCOWďšşPULLMAN DAILY NEWS / LEWISTON TRIBUNE | 19

Farm and Ranch | Summer 2011

Put your message in these hands ... EVERY FARM & RANCH FARM TO MARKET ROAD NORTHWEST, USA

Farm and Ranch Northwest

Growing publication serves Northwest agriculture industry

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31 counties x 3 states x 16,000 copies Tribune Publishing Company, publisher of the Lewiston Tribune and Moscow-Pullman Daily News, brings you a quarterly publication to serve the Northwest agriculture industry.

� It’s relevant and diverse

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Northwest Farm and Ranch calls on the award-winning news staffs at the Tribune and Daily News, along with industry, extension and research experts, to inform growers and producers about best practices, newest equipment, latest research and the top seed, feeds and breeds, plus the humor and humanity of farm and ranch life today.

� It’s got you covered

Northwest Farm and Ranch will cover all corners of the Northwest ag industry. The aim is to be the one-stop resource for ag issues and events.

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� It’s free

Northwest Farm and Ranch is sent by direct mail and through newspapers to 16,000 farms, ranches, ag-related businesses and rural residents in three states.

2011 print dates set for September and November. For more information, please contact: Lisa

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Smith

Phone (208) 882-5561 ext. 215 or e-mail lsmith@dnews.com

Call today to be added to our mailing list!

20 |

Farm and Ranch | Summer 2011

Thursday, June 30, 2011 | MOSCOWPULLMAN DAILY NEWS / LEWISTON TRIBUNE

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