Tuesday, October 1, 2013 by Daily Titan

Volume 94, Issue 16

TUESDAY, OCTOBER 1, 2013

dailytitan.com

NEWS | POLITICS

Government shuts down Congress fails to come to agreement on budget, government goes unfunded SAMUEL MOUNTJOY & ETHAN HAWKES Daily Titan

Shortly before midnight in Washington D.C., the Office of Management and Budget ordered some government agencies to initiate a shutdown. Following weeks of political maneuvering by both parties, the federal government shut down after Congress was unable to agree on a way to fund the government for the first time since 1995. A parade of Democrats took the Senate floor late last night to express frustration at the Republican-controlled House of Representative’s refusal to pass a budget. Republicans have refused to approve government funding which includes appropriations for the Affordable Care Act— which takes effect today. The act, commonly referred to as Obamacare, officially launches online health insurance exchanges Tuesday. Some in Congress have been famously against the individual mandate in the healthcare law, which requires Americans to be insured, since the bill’s conception in 2010. The individual health insurance mandate requires citizens to sign up for some form of health insurance by Dec. 15 or else face a fine. What now? Certain agencies will continue to operate without paying employees. More than 800,000 federal workers will go unpaid, according to the Washington Post.

Around 2 million essential employees, such as active duty military personnel, will have their salaries delayed. Law requires that these employees be paid. Other federal agencies and Washington tourism staples, including Smithsonian museums, will have to be shuttered. Medicare and Social Security applications will not be approved, but mail will still be delivered and Amtrak trains will still run. Emergency funding will last until Oct. 17, said Treasury Secretary Jack Lew, according to the Washington Post. After Oct. 17, Lew warns that federal cash reserves would fall short of the $60 billion per day expenditures. Every year, the Senate and the House must agree on 12 appropriations bills that authorize the government to spend money. A stopgap measure passed in March pushed the deadline from March 28 to midnight on Sept. 30. The stopgap to extend the time the government is funded and delay Obamacare passed through the Republican controlled House, which the Democratic Senate rejected. This was the third time the House sent the bill to the Senate as the other two were rejected. “The American people don’t want a shutdown, and neither do I,” Speaker of the House John Boehner said. There have been 17 government shutdowns since 1976. The last time the government shut down was in 1995 when the Republican-controlled Congress was not able to agree with President Bill Clinton on how to fund Medicare, education and other federal services. SEE SHUTDOWN, 2

WHAT IS AFFECTED BY THE GOVERNMENT SHUTDOWN? • MORE THAN 350 NATIONAL PARKS AND MUSEUMS WILL BE CLOSED. • ALCATRAZ, THE STATUE OF LIBERTY, THE NATIONAL ZOO IN WASHINGTON AND INDEPENDENCE HALL.

JESSICA PINEDA / Daily Titan

The National Alliance on Mental Illness Orange County chapter’s walk was followed by a performance by the band, Mas Frijoles.

Walking for mental health Volunteers band together to raise money for mental illness ZEILA EDRIAL Daily Titan

Mental health illness is stigmatized, but organizations such as the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) exist to educate people and provide help to those suffering from it. Cal State Fullerton’s Master of Social Work Association (MSWA) was part of an estimated 15,000 people participating in Orange County NAMIWalk at the Huntington Beach Pier on Saturday. The NAMIWalk raises funds for NAMI’s Family-to-Family and Peer-to-Peer programs. Several booths were scattered around the check-in area, with signs for “OC Psych & Addiction Medicine,” “Step

American Cancer Society said one in eight women will get breast cancer

• THE CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION WILL BE LIMITED IN INVESTIGATING OUTBREAKS.

For Cal State Fullerton professor Jasmeet Gill, Ph.D., the journey to find the causes of breast cancer started after the disease hit close to home. Doctors discovered a seven centimeter tumor in Gill’s aunt after she was admitted to the hospital for fainting. Later on, her 38-year-old cousin was diagnosed with breast cancer. After her aunt died of ovarian cancer in 2001, Gill made the decision to dedicate her time to studying breast cancer, specifically in minorities. Gill said she believes there is a genetic link and possibly a breastovarian cancer syndrome. Breast-ovarian cancer syndrome is when one person in a family develops either ovarian or breast cancer. The chance of one or the other developing is more likely, such as in her family’s case. Gill studied epidemiology at UCLA for her Ph.D. Although she was studying at UCLA, she began working with USC professor Leslie Bernstein on data analyses collected from the

• VARIOUS LOAN SERVICES WILL BE LIMITED. • SPECIFIC NASA SERVICES WILL BE HALTED. • MILITARY PAYCHECKS WILL BE DELAYED. • VETERAN HEALTHCARE JEOPARDIZED. • THE PANDA CAM AT THE NATIONAL ZOO.

NEWS 2

CSUF professor hosts exotic medicine seminar OPINION 5

EPA running out of time to reform coal industry FEATURES 6

Graduate school prep week informs students SPORTS 8

Find healthy and cheap restaurants around campus FOLLOW US ON TWITTER: @DAILY_TITAN

Reyes said though it is good to learn about social work in the classroom, it is important to go out and do things in the community. “MSWA kind of offers people that opportunity to organize

events or to find events that take us out of the classroom and help us put those things that we learn into practice,” she said. SEE WALK, 3

Breasts examined in new light CHU-LING YEE

• AUDITS AND TAXPAYER SERVICES SUCH AS TOLL FREE HELP WILL BE UNAVAILABLE.

JESSICA PINEDA / Daily Titan

Members of the CSUF MSWA pose for a photo after finishing the race.

FEATURES | RESEARCH

• FEDERAL COURTS WILL CLOSE AFTER 10 BUSINESS DAYS.

• THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION WILL SUSPEND ROUTINE INSPECTIONS.

by Step” and “Telecare.” Participants wore white T-shirts that said, “Changing Minds … one step at a time” at the top and “NAMIWalks” at the bottom. The “dog-friendly” 5K walk was set to begin at 9 a.m. at the pier, and many participants brought along their four-legged friends to walk with them. NAMI-OC Walk Manager Amy Durham, 44, said one of the greatest challenges was getting the word out about the event. Volunteers banded together to raise awareness. Team captains reached out to people around Orange County and Los Angeles County, and brought in friends and family. “National Alliance of Mental Illness, they help this population out that gets stigmatized,” Jackeline Reyes, who is in charge of public relations for MSWA said. “We wanted to make sure that MSWA was there to represent and show our support.”

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Los Angeles County Cancer Surveillance Program (CSP). Doctors are mandated by law to report anyone who has cancer in the Los Angeles County region to CSP. Gill said Bernstein was a terrific mentor who taught her how to do data analyses and write reports. After graduating from UCLA, Gill became a postdoc-

toral fellow of the National Cancer Institute Cancer Control Research Training Program to further research breast cancer. There, she began to work on the study, “The association between serum prolactin and hepatocyte growth factor levels and mammographic density in premenopausal women.” As part of the research, women were required to un-

dergo mammograms. The study measured the ratio of breast, connective tissues and fat known as mammographic density. If a woman’s mammogram showed more connective tissues and breast than fat, the woman had a high mammographic density. SEE CANCER, 6

DYLAN LUJANO / Daily Titan

Jasmeet Gill, Ph.D., hopes to begin a study on risk factors for Asian and Indian women with breast cancer.

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NEWS

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THE DAILY TITAN

OCTOBER 1, 2013

TUESDAY

SHUTDOWN

Continued from PAGE 1

The shortest time has been when it was shut down for a day, which happened multiple times in 1982, 1984, 1986 and 1987. “They have lost their minds,” Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid (D-Nev.) said on the Senate floor after the House passed the latest bill. “The House once again has passed ridiculous policy riders that are dead on arrival over here.” The budget disagreement came from Republicans’ push to stop Obamacare, which has been on the books for three years and was upheld in the Supreme Court. “We’re going to cut our salary by $5,000 to $10,000, but the president should live under Obamacare too,” Rep. Darrell Issa (R-Calif.) said.

Courtesy of MCT In an effort to block the Affordable Care Act, House Republicans made an effort to block government funding.

FOR THE RECORD It is Daily Titan policy to correct factual errors printed in the publication. Corrections will be published on the subsequent issue after an error is discovered and will appear on page 2. Errors on the Opinion page will be corrected on that page. Corrections will also be made to the online version of the article. Please contact Editor-in-Chief Yvette Quintero at (657) 278 5815 or at editorinchief@dailytitan.com with issues about this policy or to report any errors.

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Public opinion In a Pew Research Center survey released Monday morning, 51 percent of people said that they were “frustrated” with the federal government. Seventeen percent of those surveyed said they were “basically content,” while 26 percent said they were “angry.” The lat-

ter matched a record high since the Pew Research Center started measuring it. The number of those who said they were frustrated has decreased by 7 points since January but those who said they were angry rose by 7 points. In the survey, 41 percent of conservative Republicans said they were angry at the federal government versus 18 percent of liberal Democrats. Fifty-two percent of Democrats also said that the cause of the continuous political logjam was due to a few members of Congress refusing to compromise, compared to only a quarter of Republicans surveyed. Independents and Republicans were more likely to blame the logjam on the growing rift between political parties. Forty-one percent of those surveyed said that the political division in Washington was indicative of a “more divided American society,” while 44 percent said it was more representative of elected officials, as opposed to society as a whole. Robert Reyes contributed to this report.

Ancient discoveries lead to modern day medicine CSUF professor hosts seminar on obscure chemical treatments NICOLE WEAVER Daily Titan

Cal State Fullerton associate professor of liberal studies Margaret D. Garber engaged an audience with a comprehensive seminar on chemical medicine, alchemy, transmutation of metals, and Galenic medicine. Garber presented “Exotic Medicine and Chemical Expertise in the 17th-Century Holy Roman Empire” at a public lecture held at the Ruby Gerontology Center last Thursday. Medicine in this time period encompassed all of the things that are currently considered geology, chemistry, biology and minerals. They were all under the umbrella of medicine, Garber said. Garber worked for 10 years in the medical center at UC San Diego before returning to school for her Ph.D. in the history of science and science studies. “I found myself continually moving backwards in time. I was really intrigued by how different the world of the 17th century was,” Garber said. “I was really fascinated because it was the beginning of the modern way of doing science, but it’s a very strange world,” The talk largely focused on

notable individuals who pioneered the exotic medicine and chemical movement during the 17th century using their knowledge of biology, botany and Chimia. Chimia referred to three separate but interrelated approaches. Chimia was used to describe first hand material practice: circulations of recipes, procedures, etc. Chimia was also a kind of social practice, normative rules, standards or principles that applied to metals and minerals, Garber said. Many individuals involved in the 17th century movement wanted to emulate English philosopher Francis Bacon by collecting and sharing their observations on their studies and forming a sort of Curiosi “Curiosity” Society. The Curiosi developed a medical journal and began sharing their observations and fostered an image of themselves as physicians in a variety of ways, not just alchemists. Garber went on to discuss work by alchemists, which contributed to chemical medicine. Chimia tied into this and offered supposed alchemic chemical making and gold making possibilities. Claims and research done by alchemists eventually became an increasingly significant component of pharmacy and medical training. For example, key points about how physicians admin-

istered medicine to patients were touched on. Before, many physicians exercised the practice of giving mercury to patients in lethal doses, thinking it would be beneficial, and having them chase it with beer. As it turned out, mercury ingestion killed many patients. Chemical medicine was emerging in the Arabic and Greek empires during the 17th century but took off in the 16th century. While the Galenics thought that it was an imbalance of “these weird things called humors,” chemical medicine practitioners thought that it was outside forces that invaded bodies. They treated them with kinds of chemical medicines with minerals in them, Garber said. According to Garber, if the Galenics believed someone had an excess of blood, they would attach leeches to the patient and cut the patient’s skin. Because of the practice of Galenic physicians, it is “a surprise” that the civilization survived this period, Garber said. “She’s excellent. This is a very esoteric field. She’s so wellversed here. The fellowships, the publications, she’s curated for exhibits at the Getty and the Huntington Library,” said Joanna Syrja, an employee at the Osher Lifelong Learning Institute-which hosted the event. “She’s extremely accomplished.”

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ELEONOR SEGURA / For the Daily Titan Associate Professor Margaret D. Garber, Ph.D., discusses the use of various exotic medicines during the 17th century on Thursday.

DTBRIEFS Mayor’s power is stripped ERICA MAHONEY

The once highly popular mayor of Anaheim, Tom Tait, has been stripped of his mayoral privilege of adding items to City Council agendas without council consent, according to the Los Angeles Times. The proposal was passed Monday morning with a 4-1 vote, Tait dissenting. Tait came into office in 2010, and since then has made decisions that have upset city council members to the point that they diminished his power as mayor. Tait will still be permitted to add items to council agendas, but not at his leisure. Items will have to be added only during the “council communication” portion of the meetings. Some speculate the move is largely political, since it doesn’t completely divest Tait’s power. Fred Sellers, a political science professor for Chapman University, said in an article for the LA Times, “They’re giving him a little slap. They’re sending a signal.”

Two people killed in crash REBECCA LOPEZ

At least two people were killed in a private jet crash at Santa Monica Airport on Sunday. The blazing collision is considered to be the first of its kind in the history of the airport, according to the Los Angeles Times. The airport has been under scrutiny for several years by communities in the surrounding area. With issues such as noise pollution, air quality and overall safety coming into question, advocates of the airport closure point to the crash as evidence of deficiencies. The jet crashed into a hangar, resulting in a roof collapse that damaged the jet as well as other planes that were stored. The jet stopped approximately 150 feet from homes adjacent to the northwest area of the airport, the LA Times reported. Community activists worry that there may be similar occurrences in the future where f lames and debris from a collision may create more casualties due to a lack of preventative action.

33 injured in train collision MIA MCCORMICK

An out-of-service Chicago Transit Authority train collision left at least 33 people hospitalized Monday, according to USA Today. The train crashed head-on into a different train stopped at a suburban station in Forest Park, Ill. The collision is not suspected to be a product of criminal activity, according to statements from the CTA and Forest Park police. “We’re clearly investigating as to the cause of the incident,” CTA spokeswoman Lambrini Lukidis said. The crash occurred at the Harlem station on the Blue Line about 10 miles west of Chicago at approximately 7:45 a.m. “We were stopped at Harlem and then we hear like a big boom sound and everyone started flying out of their seats,” said Lyneisha Fields, an 18-year-old passenger who was taken to a local emergency room after the collision. The victims were admitted to nine hospitals with non-lifethreatening injuries, Lukidis said.

NEWS

OCTOBER 1, 2013 TUESDAY

WALK

Continued from PAGE 1

MSWA takes part in NAMIWalk as an annual tradition; the club raised $300 for this year’s walk. The association has two vice presidents to bridge communication between the Fullerton and Irvine campuses, integrating monthly meetings at the Irvine Campus this semester. “Mental health is something near and dear to the social work profession, and that’s what we’re (MSWA) constantly trying to achieve education on,” Natalia Solé Alomodóvar, vice president for the Irvine Campus, said. The team “Harmony Heal-

JESSICA PINEDA / Daily Titan

Banners advertising NAMIWalk were hung around the Huntington Beach Pier.

PAGE 3

THE DAILY TITAN ers” sported hand-made tiedye T-shirts representing their company, Harmony Heals, Inc. The Laguna Hills based company is a counseling cen-

“It’s great that we do something for mental health.” ter that deals with intensive outpatient, detox and sober living. Six of the company’s employees participated in the NAMIWalk, including Terry Heptinstall.

Various school organizations, families and clubs participated in the walk.

“It’s great that we do something for mental health,” Heptinstall said. “We focus on too many other problems when mental health needs to be focused and funded.” The next California NAMIWalk will take place at Diamond Valley Lake Marina in Hemet on Nov. 2. “I think it’s important that people realize that we might know more people with a mental health illness than we might be aware of, and I think people need to know that it’s okay and that we need to be supportive and we need to learn to not stigmatize people,” Reyes said. “At the end of the day, everyone’s a human and everyone deserves to be treated with dignity.”

JESSICA PINEDA / Daily Titan

Finance expert emphasizes the importance of networking Jeff Pierce gives graduate school advice to business finance students KAILEY DEMARET Daily Titan

The Finance Association hosted a presentation by Jeff Pierce, vice president of investments at Stifel Nicolaus & Company, yesterday in the Titan Student Union. Pierce gave advice to students about what to expect in the finance world after graduation. He offered information on extended education, the interviewing process, and what working in the field is really like. Throughout the presentation Pierce talked about the two main areas of the finance world: retail and intuitional. He described how jobs in these areas are different and how much money can be made in both. Students in the audience got excited at the notion of making seven figures each year, a possibility in the finance world. “It was very informative,” Kyle Krantz, a business finance major, said. “I actually got his contact information and so I’ll use it for my own career.” About 40 students attended the presentation. Pierce conveyed how important it is to understand all of the different employment opportunities in the field of finance and how it can help students choose the right fit for their careers without spending too much time searching. During the presentation, students seemed to be enthusiastic about entering the finance

workforce and starting their lives in the “real world.” Pierce emphasized how the marketplace today is about being a team and having partners in the field. “I would say getting pointers and advice from somebody actually in the industry doing that job on an everyday basis is helpful,” Eric Lin, a finance major, said. Choosing the right graduate school is also important. During the presentation Pierce advised on the best business and networking schools, such as Wharton at the University of Pennsylvania, Indiana University and Georgetown. “I found it very informative,” Lin said. “As a finance major I haven’t had any real contact or info as to what it is about.” Lin admits to having conflicting views from people telling him that higher education beyond just a four-year degree is not really a focal point. “It’s helpful because I want to pursue higher education,” Lin said. Pierce met with students one-on-one after the presentation to answer any more questions they had. He passed out his business cards and offered any assistance in their chosen profession. After graduating from Arizona State University with a finance degree, Pierce completed his MBA at UC Irvine. He is currently helping instruct a three class seminar on Warren Buffett’s investment methodology in the Ruby Gerontology Center. “His speech helped me get an insight of what the finance industry is about,” Lin said. “This is definitely a broader scope.”

Jeff Pierce, vice president of investments at Stifel Nicolaus & Company advises students on financing.

MARIAH CARRILLO / Daily Titan

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OPINION

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THE DAILY TITAN

OCTOBER 1, 2013

TUESDAY

Deep fried Deen should be forgiven Paula Deen’s controversial remarks should be forgotten in the media NICOLE WEAVER Daily Titan

Paula Deen made history for being a connoisseur in deepfried Southern cooking, urging her audience to eat deepfried butter balls, fried apple pie and basically anything else that you could throw into a deep fryer. Now, the renowned chef made headlines for her apparent use of racial epithets that cost her her job on the Food Network and threw her into a media firestorm. Since the incident, Deen has publicly apologized, making a 45-second video in which she begs for forgiveness. Should she be forgiven? Deen is a product of her environment. A segregationist upbringing in the ‘50s taught her it was okay to use disparaging remarks such as the one she admitted to using 30 years ago. Deen’s mindset had already been cemented by the time the rigid racial order crumbled, so the question needs to be asked, how could she have a liberated viewpoint on race growing up in Georgia during segregation? Abusive language cannot be justified in any way, but to use a word 30 years ago during a time when it was “accepted” doesn’t mean she should be alienated from society now in 2013.

Especially considering she apologized extensively and seems to be more than sincere about the incident. “People of Deen’s generation can neither change the past nor completely escape their roots in it, any more than the rest of us,” wrote John McWhorter of Time Magazine.

“The N-word got Deen in trouble but her repeated use of the word ‘butter’ should have gotten her fired long ago.” DeWayne Wickham USA Today

“They can apologize and mean it, as Deen seems to. They also deserve credit for owning up to past sins, as Deen did candidly when she could easily have, shall we say, whitewashed the matter.” To acknowledge racism is not okay and to apologize for past actions shows that members in our society, like Deen, who grew up during a time when African-Americans were considered inferior, are evolving for the better and in turn, makes America a better place. The public has largely for-

given Tiger Woods for adultery, Martha Stewart for tax fraud, Bill Clinton for allegedly cheating on his wife and many others for their respective transgressions so why not remorseful Deen? Just four years ago, the media went crazy with Rev. Jeremiah Wright and his rants against America. His sermons were broadcasted nationwide and he was viewed in the public eye as racist. However, the public forgave him and president, Barack Obama, for being an active member in the church and sitting through these sermons, looking the other way while Rev. Wright was spewing his criticisms on America. So if people want to get angry at Deen for something, ultimately it should be her cooking. DeWayne Wickham of USA Today said that was her first crime. Her television cooking show attacked the health of millions of viewers who tuned in to her program on a regular basis. “The N-word got Deen in trouble,” Wickham said, “but her repeated use of the word ‘butter’ should have gotten her fired long ago.” In a country where the obesity rate has reached a critical level, Deen’s obsession with fried foods has helped increase the gluttonous disease plaguing much of the nation. Deen’s racist remarks should be forgiven, but honestly, people should just forget about her in general.

MIKE TRUJILLO / Daily Titan

New California law gives immigrants a chance to assimilate The new bill allows noncitizens to participate in jury duty and work in polls ANDRES MARTINEZ Daily Titan

Until 1911, people over the age of 60 and women were not allowed to participate in jury duty obligations in California. In the past, California law excluded attorneys, ministers of the gospel and priests, teachers, African-Americans, Asians and many other people from taking part in jury duty. Do American citizens breathe differently or have a different color of blood from lawfully present immigrants or undocumented immigrants? No, so why should we deny them the opportunity of sitting on juries, observing elections or to practice law? Earlier this month, Assembly Bill 1401, which expands jury duty obligations to lawfully present immigrants, was presented to Gov. Jerry Brown. According to the Washington State Department of Social and Health Services, “lawfully present (residents) are immigrants or noncitizens who have been inspected and admitted into the United States and not overstayed the period for which they were admitted, or have current permission from the U.S. Citizenship and Immigrant Services to stay or live in the U.S.” The bill will make lawfully present immigrants eligible to be called as prospective trial jurors, provided that they satVISIT US AT: DAILYTITAN.COM/OPINION

isfy all the criteria for eligibility, including domicile in California, residence in the jurisdiction and English language proficiency. California is the only state in the country to allow this. The state has 3.5 million noncitizens that are legal permanent residents. Those 3.5 million citizens can play a significant role in jury duty, elections and in the field of law. In addition, there are an estimated 2.5 million undocumented people living in California. With this bill, they will not only be able to monitor polls during elections or take part in jury duty, but they will also help translate instructions, offer assistance to voting citizens and be able to judge their fellow citizens. This is a positive and effective way to integrate immigrants. During elections, many people decide not to vote, because they are uninformed of the laws and how they affect them or because they don’t have the assistance in their language to go through the voting procedure. By allowing such a big number of people to participate and help, many problems will be solved and it will have a tremendous impact in the number of people that vote. By allowing these people to help in the voting process, more people will have the information and the help necessary for them to vote. It is well known that people ignore their call to attend jury duty, which often cause courts to be short in prospective ju-

rors. By allowing all these people to serve, it will save the courts a lot of trouble and people will receive notices to attend jury duty less frequently because more people are eligible. It will benefit both the courts and the citizens.

“It is simply giving them the opportunity to be integrated in society and take action in the future of their country.” “There is an argument that in parts of California, a jury without a legal permanent resident is not really a jury of peers. Some view citizenship as the final consecration of complete integration, but this says ‘lets take who we have and get them to participate in our institutions,’” Hiroshi Motomura, an immigration law professor at UCLA, said. By integrating and allowing lawfully present immigrants to the jury duty and voting process, the systems will become more diverse and accepting, a benefit for all citizens. The bill is not allowing noncitizens to vote during elections and to take part in jury duty, it is simply giving them the opportunity to be integrated in society and take action in the future of their country.

OCTOBER 1, 2013 TUESDAY

OPINION

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THE DAILY TITAN

Obamacare full of flaws Obama’s promises to Americans leads to false hope for those looking forward to health care KEITH FIERRO & SETH MORRISON For the Daily Titan

In the health care debate, the central question cannot be whether or not people should have health care. That is nonsense. We all think Americans should have healthy lives. The real question is, what plan is most likely to get closest to this goal? One thing is for sure: it isn’t Obamacare. In analyzing President Barack Obama’s health care overhaul, it’s important to note that the law has played out in the exact opposite way it was intended to. Obamacare’s two central goals, that it would lower premiums and grant all Americans coverage, are false. Contrary to the President’s promise of a $2,500 savings for a family of four, the wonks over at Medicare’s actuary have calculated that Obamacare will up health spending by $621 billion over ten years or $7,450 for that same family of four. It has been the same story with other Americans’ premiums. Forbes reported that individual market premiums will raise 99 percent for men and 62 percent for women. What does this mean for young adults? Basically, it will be cheaper for many young adults to pay the tax associated with not buying the expensive Obamacare plans than it would be to enroll in the program. David Hogberg, health care policy analyst for the National Center for Public Policy Research, conducted a study that showed 6.7 million young adults would save between $500 and $1,000 by not enrolling. People fear that if they don’t buy the coverage plan, then they won’t be insured, but they can always purchase insurance after

Green Piece Running out of time for change ALEX GROVES Daily Titan

Courtesy of Flickr President Obama’s plan to reform health care has been under scrutiny by demonstrators for its potential flaws.

becoming ill since Obamacare covers pre-existing conditions. The catch is now we’re stuck with an even bigger, unstable and underfunded system. Secondly, and the grandest lie of them all, Obamacare does not extend health care coverage to all. The Congressional Budget Office has concluded that the number of uninsured Americans will not fall below 30 million under Obamacare, even after a decade. This was how Obamacare was sold to the public: a system that extended coverage to everyone and managed to lower costs. It was the chocolate cake that cuts calories. But in reality it does the exact opposite. The law’s effect on students’ post-grad employment is another massive reason to oppose it. A provision within the law that requires businesses to provide insurance if they employ over 50 employees, is a giant incentive for them to create fewer jobs. But most alarming is the mandate that businesses must offer

workers insurance if they work over 30 hours. The result: from January to July the Labor Department reported that of all jobs gained nearly 80 percent were parttime. These consequences are potentially disastrous for the younger generation, who are currently being primed to enter the workforce. Students most of all should be alarmed by this. Nobody wants someone to go without basic care, but we cannot infringe on the liberty and livelihood of others to provide it, nor should we put at risk our already fragile economy and the jobs of literally millions. Surely there must be a smarter way to make health care more affordable. Why are we unwilling to search for a better alternative? Milton Friedman, a Nobel Prize winning economist and famed public policy theorist, summarized Obamacare long ago when he said, “Almost all government programs are start-

ed with good intentions, but when you look at what they actually achieve, there is a general rule. Almost every such program has results that are the opposite of the intentions of the well-meaning people who originally backed it.” What we are witnessing today across the country are the unintended consequences of a well-meaning government. We all want people to have access to affordable health care. What the majority of Americans and students don’t want is the government forcing them to buy expensive health insurance and creating an unfavorable climate for businesses and employment. Let’s try a system that doesn’t restrict choice, but expands it; a system that creates competition in the market, instead of slashing it; a system that doesn’t doom employment prospects. Health care is great, but if there’s a way to be an insured college graduate with a job, then we want in.

Pope sings to the same ol’ tune Pope Francis is progressive to the public, but his views are nothing new ANDRES GARCIA Daily Titan

Pope Francis has the world talking; wherever he goes crowds of thousands gather. Whenever he speaks, everybody listens. Pope Francis could usher in a new era in the Catholic Church, except he isn’t. Absolutely nothing of what Pope Francis has been saying is new. The only change he is bringing is a change of tone. What is lacking in the majority of the articles and news reports is the context from which he speaks. Pope Francis recently said that “if a homosexual person is of good will and is in search of God, I am no one to judge.” The tone he is setting for the church is seen as a breath of fresh air. People are looking to the pope as an inspiration to the lead the public to a more progressive nature. Pope Francis commented on the evils of the idolatry of money and furthering the role of women in the church. His approach is seen as less abrasive than his predecessors due to his emphasis on inclusivity, love and compassion. He ruff led a few feathers in the Vatican leadership for not speaking about wedge issues including abortion, gay marriage and contraception. According to America Magazine, Pope Francis argued that the church cannot insist

on focusing on wedge issues. “It is not necessary to talk about these issues all the time,” Pope Francis said. He has the luxury of being able to brush these issues aside because he never has to worry about using contraception or marriage. The push to disregard these issues is solely a matter of looking out for the existence and influence of the church. When Pope Francis pontificates about Jesus’ love and compassion for all people, it’s only within the confines of the doctrine of the Catholic Church. Pope Francis said that “when we speak about these (wedge) issues, we have to talk about them in a context.” His comments are nothing but a repetition to statements of previous popes, including the “Prada Pope,” Pope Benedict XVI. In the letter “On the Pastoral Care of Homosexual Persons,” then Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, later Pope Benedict XVI, along with Archbishop Alberto Bovone wrote “the intrinsic dignity of each person must always be respected in word, in action and law” and called violence in speech or action against gays as “deplorable.” Pope Francis echoed that sentiment when asked whether he approved of homosexuality. Pope Francis said “When God looks at a gay person, does he endorse the existence of this person with love, or reject and condemn this person? We must always consider the person.” However, he has made clear that “the teachings of the church, for that matter, is clear and I am a son of the church.” Although viewed as a pro-

MIKE TRUJILLO / Daily Titan gressive leader in the Catholic Church, he is first and foremost a servant to the doctrine of the religion. While still a cardinal in Argentina in 2010, Pope Francis, then Cardinal Jorge Mario Bergoglio, was ardently against a proposed law that would legalize same-sex marriage in Argentina. In a letter he wrote to lawmakers urging them to reject the bill, Cardinal Bergoglio said “we shouldn’t be so naïve: this isn’t just a political struggle, it’s a strategy to destroy God’s plan.” Francis’ view is that while homosexuality is not inher-

ently a sin, the physical expression of gay people’s love for each other–“homosexual acts,” as they are referred to–are indicated as being of “grave depravity,” “intrinsically disordered” and “against natural law.” Any supportive comments he makes should not be taken at face value, but looked at with context. In an article in the New York Times, Alberto Melloni, director of the Catholic John XXIII Foundation for Religious Sciences in Bologna, Italy, put it best when he compared Pope Benedict and Francis, saying, “the melody may be the same, but the sound is completely different.”

I really love ice-cold CocaCola. There’s nothing quite like the refreshing taste of crisp, cold cola during a hot day in the summer after I’ve just mowed a lawn. There’s nothing quite like a can of the stuff when I need an extra energy boost during work or between classes. As you might have gathered, I really enjoy drinking Coke. Unfortunately for me, I’ve come to the conclusion quite recently that drinking soda too much is probably not a healthy thing to do. Aside from the questionable combination of ingredients the soft drink contains (has anybody seen the YouTube video where metal nails are dissolved in jars of the stuff?), there’s a pretty high amount of sugar. I recently came to the conclusion that my Coke drinking habit probably contributed to some weight gain I’ve experienced over the last couple months when paired with a lack of exercise. So I did what most reasonable people might; I hit the gym and switched to water. My point in telling you this story is that people often eliminate or mitigate a thing in their lives if that thing is giving them some sort of difficulty. On a larger scale, society tends to eliminate things that are hurtful to everyone. There’s a reason why people are no longer spraying crops with the pesticide DDT and there’s a reason why people no longer eat foods with certain preservatives. When a restaurant or college campus tells people to put their cigarettes out, there’s probably a reason for that, too. In our current day and age, there are a number of different environmental issues that are negatively impacting the quality of life of many individuals across the globe and as much as people like to ignore it, there’s a fairly decent amount of evidence that global climate change plays some role in many of those problems. Our seas are acidifying, our polar ice caps are melting and areas throughout the globe are becoming increasingly prone to temperature spikes, droughts and flash flooding. We’re in a race against the clock to curb our carbon emissions and for every minute we falter in our journey to effectively cut down on the sources of those emissions, we’re fighting a losing battle. In the past, human societies in many different places have mitigated and eliminated harmful entities that were once regular components of their daily lives. The United States is a great example; we are a nation of reformers and innovators with a history of making things right when they are wrong. With that being said, doesn’t it make sense to mitigate some of our carbon emissions as a nation? If we know that coal power plants produce large quantities of gases that trap sunrays in the atmosphere and that this process is making our planet warmer than it should be, shouldn’t we do something about that? It seems as though we’re mak-

ing the first steps. On Sept. 20, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced its proposal for regulations that would put caps on amount of carbon emissions new coal power plants can create. Of course the proposed regulation is not without its detractors; those representing the interests of the coal industry are less than happy and many predict the proposed regulation won’t make it very far before being faced with some form of lawsuit or court action. The proposal would be implemented in phases and would first address new plants before addressing plants that have stood for a long time in 2014. It appears that many individuals are seemingly up in arms over the first phase of the proposed plan because it would likely require new plants to implement a technology that would enable them to capture carbon dioxide (CO2) and send it underground instead of releasing it into the atmosphere. The technology would help the plant limit CO2 production to 1,100 pounds per kilowatt-hour, which is the amount of CO2 emissions experts predict the EPA will tell these new facilities they cannot exceed.

“The fact remains that whether the EPA successfully carries through its proposal or not, coal is still a dying industry.” Taken at face value, that doesn’t seem like a tough thing for the coal plants to do, until it becomes clear that there’s a hefty price tag attached to the implementation of the uncommon technology. Many plants are now calling foul as a result because they believe this is a maneuver on the part of the EPA and the Obama administration to make war on coal. Because of the cost of the technologies mentioned earlier in this column, it is unlikely any new plants will be created by the industry for the foreseeable future. perhaps the EPA is moving too fast and placing too many restrictions on the coal industry too soon. Who can say for certain? The fact remains that whether the EPA successfully carries through its proposal or not, coal is still a dying industry. Solar power is almost on par with the aging form of energy production in terms of costs. Advancements in solar cell technology are making solar power a greener and more efficient form of energy generation than ever before. It’s still important to recognize that if we truly want to limit our CO2 production, there’s no time like the present to start.

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OCTOBER 1, 2013

TUESDAY

CANCER

Continued from PAGE 1

Students recieved test practice books and information about how to prepare for graduate school.

JESSICA PINEDA / Daily Titan

Grad prep week informs CSUF hosted a graduate prep week to help better prepare students MIA MCCORMICK Daily Titan

For about a quarter of the Cal State Fullerton undergraduate student population, graduation is just around the corner. Some might be one of the lucky few to land their dream job right after graduation. Others might struggle for months or even years to find a decent job to pay the bills, let alone a job that correlates to their major. Others, however, aim to continue their education by going on to earn their master’s or even doctorate degrees. Students seeking to take that next step in their education soaked up useful information provided during Grad School Prep weeks that began on Sept. 24. From the Titan Student Union to Langsdorf Hall, events were hosted by the Career Center to help students kick start their graduate school experience.

With the changing tides of the job market, a bachelor’s degree often doesn’t cut it and many jobs look for education that goes beyond the four-year degree. “The number of jobs that require a graduate education are increasing over time,” Patricia Literte, associate professor of sociology at CSUF and academic coordinator for the McNair Scholars program, said. With more jobs requiring a master’s or doctorate degree many students approaching the threshold of graduation find the increased demand for education difficult. “A lot of students don’t know how to take that route,” Gina Teddington, a 21-year-old criminal justice major and student assistant at the Career Center, said. Teddington said she will be attending law school next fall. Literte spoke at the event, “Graduate School: Why? When? How?” and provided students with information about what is required for a graduate school application, how to succeed once admitted into a graduate program, and why earning a master’s degree is important.

“A lot of times in job descriptions, you’ll see something like ‘bachelor’s degree required,’” Literte said. “You want to think of required as just being the base level.” Literte, who received both her master’s and Ph.D. in sociology from USC, knows the graduate school application process from her own personal experience. However, she did not have a wealth of knowledge on what the application process entails. Because of this she is an advocate for undergraduate students seeking out guidance and education in this area. The application process for a graduate program is significantly more demanding than undergraduate applications. Not only are GPAs and packed resumés important factors in being accepted into a graduate program, students must also be able to submit glowing letters of recommendations from professors. Because of this, it is crucial to build close connections with professors and faculty Literte said. When it comes to succeeding in graduate school after the ap-

plication has been submitted, the acceptance letter is received, and the work begins, being proactive is key. “In grad school, you are expected to be inquisitive,” Literte said. Showing an eagerness to learn and not being afraid to be wrong are important characteristics of being a successful graduate student, Literte said. Rather than just learning and absorbing knowledge as in an undergraduate program, graduate students are expected to be “producers of knowledge,” Literte said. Although standardized testing and general education courses are eliminated in grad school, the workload does become more rigorous. “At the master’s level things do get more intense and more is expected out of you,” Literte said. Kinesiology major Isaiah Pulido, 23, left the speaker event with a better grasp on what he needs to do to prepare for grad school. It is “never too early” to begin preparing for grad school, Pulido said.

Women with higher mammographic density are more likely to develop breast cancer. Gill then helped conduct a $8,000 research project that tried to find a correlation between density and the levels of prolactin and the hepatocyte growth factor. She found that the higher the density, the higher the chance of getting breast cancer. Although the findings concluded there was no correlation in premenopausal women, Gill said that there have been studies done proving there are correlations in postmenopausal women. She came to CSUF in 2008 and finished her EnzymeLinked Immunosorbent Assay tests for the project. Soon after, the university presented her with a $5,000 grant to study the effect of postpartum breastfeeding. The data collection for the study ended in May of last year and the data analysis is still in progress. Frederick Rose is the CSUF research operations coordinator for social science and a former student of Gill. He contributed to Gill’s study, titled “An evaluation of the effects of postpartum breastfeeding support services on breastfeeding rates through one year postpartum.” “She was really trying to use her research and my involvement in her research as a teaching tool for me to help me learn how to be a better researcher,” Rose said. Gill teaches epidemiology at CSUF and also for the Orange County Health Care Agency.

Hidy Lopez, 23, health science major, is one of Gill’s epidemiology students. “She definitely teaches you a lot of material in a compressive manner … she’s always taking care of (her) students,” Lopez said. Besides teaching, Gill has started to do research on breast cancer in Caucasians and African-Americans and hopes to find more about the risk factors in minorities. She said there is a lot of research out there being done with these two races and she wants to expand to other ethnicities. Eventually, Gill, an IndianAmerican, began to question what risk factors were there in Asians and Indians. “Why (do) they have a higher rate of breast cancer in sort of the younger age groups compared to white women?” Gill said. She realized that Asian and Indian women have been put together and no research has been extensively done. There are different factors that could indicate what causes breast cancer in Asian and Indian women. Researchers will need to consider the lifestyles of these individuals as well. Gill said she hopes to begin her new study soon on the risk factors for Asian and Indian women in regards to breast cancer. By creating a risk profile based on genetics and biomarkers, Gill will apply her findings so preventive measures can be taken. “We don’t fully understand why people get breast cancer. There’s definitely more research that needs to be done,” Gill said.

DYLAN LUJANO / Daily Titan

Professor Jasmeet Gill, Ph.D., received a grant to study breastfeeding.

Titan wins Texas A&M contest for improved ZeroTouch technology Ivan Espinosa triumphs in 10-week software development competition HELENA REED Daily Titan

Ivan Enrique Espinosa entered Texas A&M University’s Dwight Look College of Engineering’s Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU) poster contest and represented Cal State Fullerton while competing against multiple computer science students over the summer. Dominating the competition with his witty performance, Espinosa, 25, a double major in computer science and mathematics, won first place for his work with ZeroTouch technology. In order to win the REU

poster contest Espinosa’s work had to fulfill three qualifications: How much was accomplished, how much the research impacted society and the presentation of research. “It was fun to represent the school,” Espinosa said. “I was out there not only for me but for Cal State Fullerton and the computer science department here. I know that a lot of our professors and the department are working their best to make our department more recognizable, and I guess by showing how good their students are will show how good the program is,” Espinosa said. Although ZeroTouch technology had already been created at Texas A&M, Espinosa set out to refine and improve its performance. With his research, Espinosa said he hoped to create a faster

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“I remember telling my mentor, ‘I’m going to come back with first place’.” Ivan Espinosa

Computer Science and Mathematics major

response to the user’s inputs through touch. While Texas A&M accepted over 200 students into its engineering school, Espinosa was one of only 24 students accepted into the computer

science department. Espinosa was then accepted into the Computing for Disasters program, which received 180 applicants. Students accepted into the program are automatically placed into the poster contest. “I remember telling my mentor, ‘I’m going to come back with first place,’” Espinosa said. Orignially from Texas, Espinosa went back for the summer and stayed at Texas A&M for the contest. He and the other students stayed in dorms and conducted their research there. Over the course of his ten weeks of research, Espinosa said about eight of those weeks resulted in failure. “Nothing was working, you have no idea how many times I was bashing my head up

against the wall,” Espinosa said. “There was a good point where I thought this wasn’t actually going to work out.” However, after all of Espinosa’s struggles he was able to pull through and win first place in the contest. Espinosa said part of his success is due to a few key professors whom he also considers his mentors. One of those professors, Scott Annin, Ph.D, said he is humbled and overjoyed being considered Espinosa’s mentor. “Our professor-student relationship is a two way street, it’s not just me enriching Ivan’s life, Ivan has also enriched my life tremendously,” Annin said. “He’s also made me feel that my purpose as a professor here at Cal State Fullerton is far more than what I’m doing in the classroom,” Annin said.

“He’s an excellent example of somebody who has given me the opportunity to give back to my students beyond the classroom and to benefit society.” Jason Tupper, 22, a computer science major, is a classmate and friend of Espinosa. Tupper described his relationship with Espinosa as a friendly competion. “He’s intelligent, but everyone in the REU contest is smart. You could say what gave him an edge was his competitive personality, but honestly, he won because that’s what he does,” Tupper said. After Espinosa graduates in the fall of next year, he said he wants to pursue a doctorate degree in computer science. He also said he aspires to work for Nvidia Corporation, a technology company based in Santa Clara.

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For the next two days, fulfill promises you’ve made. Chores need attention. New information threatens complacency. Communicate with teammates. Caring for others is your motivation. Minimize risks. Catch your dreams in writing.

TAURUS

You’ll soon have time to pause and relax. Invest in success. Take a new angle. Keep a dream alive with simple actions. Avoid a controversy. It’s a good time to ask for money ... be creative with your budget.

GEMINI

67 Betsy Ross, famously 68 Lodge group DOWN 1 “North to the Future” state 2 Pierre-Auguste of impressionism 3 Take it all off 4 Small bills 5 Barack’s younger daughter 6 “Murder on the __ Express” 7 Ski rack site 8 Lone Star State sch. 9 Gender 10 Ristorante squid 11 “Good Hands” company 12 Bouquet of flowers 15 Chem class requirement 18 Baby deer 20 Fishing basket 24 Neuwirth of “Cheers” 25 Home of baseball’s Marlins 28 “You’re right” 30 Very big maker of very little chips

Allow yourself to dream, but don’t buy treats, yet. Accept the support that’s offered. Stay close to home as much as you can the next few days. Passions get aroused. Make a delicious promise.

CANCER

Monday’s Puzzle Solved

LEO

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Money’s rolling in over the next few days. Costs are higher than expected, too. Avoid reckless spending. Make sure others know their assignments. Feel the magnetism. Your greatest asset is your own determination.

33 Mall unit 35 “Iliad” war god 36 Home to millions of Brazilians 37 Half a superhero’s identity 38 Switch 39 Animated mermaid 40 Open, as a bud 44 KGB country 45 Take a nap

10/1/13

47 “No worries, man” 48 “Shame, shame!” 49 Detailed map windows 53 Recluse 56 Franchised supermarket brand 57 Put away 58 Almost never 60 Sit-up targets 61 Opponent

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(OCT. 23 - NOV. 21):

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(NOV. 22 - DEC. 21):

Begin a new project. Take time out for love. Include a female in your plans. You’ll have to report on your activities. Assume responsibility. Exceptional patience could be required.

CAPRICORN

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It’s easier to find family time. You’re extra brilliant today. A solution to an old problem is becoming obvious. Costs are high. Arguments about money inhibit love. Keep a secret. Recount your blessings.

Get yourself moving! Make sure you have the facts. Get serious about your strategy, but don’t get stuck. You’re very persuasive. You’ll think of something. It’s easier to finish projects.

SAGITTARIUS

(MAY 21 - JUNE 20):

10/1/13

(SEPT. 23 - OCT. 22):

SCORPIO

(APRIL 20 - MAY 20):

By C.C. Burnikel and D. Scott Nichols

LIBRA

Give loved ones more attention. They want your time, not money. An invitation says to dress up. Let another person take over, and defer to authority. Accept encouragement. Share your dreams ... the audience is receptive.

(DEC. 22 - JAN. 19):

Let yourself be drawn outside your safety zone. The possibility for hurt feelings is high now. Don’t get stuck. Write down long-range goals today. Goodness comes your way. Act quickly to gain your objective. Balance is essential.

AQUARIUS

(JA. 20 - FEB. 18):

It’s time to get started. There’s a temporary clash between love and money. Review your current budget. Note all the considerations. Passion grows now that the stress is reduced. Travel boosts your self-esteem. Follow your fascination.

PISCES

(FEB. 19 - MARCH 20):

Have faith. Negotiate your way through minor adjustments. Temporary confusion could befuddle. Get family to help. Let another take the lead. Invest in your future without gambling. Respect your partner.

FITNESS

PAGE 8

THE DAILY TITAN

Healthy eats for any budget The Santa Fe Grill Melt is one of the healthy options at The Sandwich Place JOSEPH ANDERSON Daily Titan

Food makes the world go round for college students, but with the small budget many of them have, it can be difficult to find healthy options that serve food in a timely manner. One problem that many students encounter is that they will settle for fast food since they can get it quickly and at a low price. What many of them do not realize is that within the general vicinity of Cal State Fullerton there is a multitude of healthy restaurants that won’t break their bank. For students who are looking for a nice restaurant before going to class or making the drive home, The Sandwich Place offers a wide variety of breakfast and lunch choices. Salads and beef or chicken plates accompany the different sandwiches on the lunch menu, while burritos and bagels are options available on the breakfast portion. The Sandwich Place offers competitive pricing when compared to other sandwich shops in the area, but has a greater variety and fresher ingredients available to separate them from the rest. Conveniently located only 2.2 miles from campus on Raymond Avenue, this restaurant is

a hidden gem in Fullerton. Nairi Goras, the manager of the restaurant, said they handpick all vegetables from reliable markets, as well as choose their bread from a reputable bakery in the area. The Sandwich Place does not sell french fries, even though it could bring in money, because they want to keep their reputation as a healthy eatery. What makes this place so appealing to college students? For one, there is free Wi-Fi offered for students who need to study or do homework in a quiet location. Offering a half sandwich and salad option for those with small appetites or those on a budget for just $6 also appeals to students. “Big chain restaurants buy corporate salads that are already chopped,” Goras said. “We chop everything here.” If you do not know what to try on your first trip to The Sandwich Place, Goras recommends the Santa Fe Grill Melt sandwich, which is his personal favorite. This sandwich includes grilled turkey, sliced jalapenos, bell peppers and melted swiss cheese on sourdough bread. “It’s very simple and subtle,” Goras said. What many CSUF students might not know is that healthy options are actually available on campus as well. The Titan Student Union offers one noticeably healthy option: The Fresh Kitchen. While some students might

OCTOBER 1, 2013

TUESDAY

MARIAH CARRILLO / Daily Titan

The Sandwich Place’s Veggie, Egg and Cheese Bagel comes with mushrooms, tomatoes, cucumbers and sprouts served on a toasted bagel.

mistake this for more of a snack shop, they offer sandwiches, organic foods and several vegan options. The menu is sure to have options that will suit anyone’s appetite and budget. If a student finds themselves walking towards College Park with a little extra time before or after class, The Flame Broiler is the ideal convenient yet healthy option. While a burger and fries or some pizza would be tasty and inexpensive, The Flame Broiler has delicious chicken and beef bowls that can be served with rice and vegetables for a more satisfying meal.

What also sets them apart is that their food has no dairy or trans fat and is never fried. The bowls range from around 530 to 631 calories with 43 to 47 grams of protein each, making this an ideal meal following a workout. Their reasonable pricing at around $7 per bowl or plate is competitive with most fast food meals, making it a good option for almost everyone. It is understandable that college students are inevitably going to end up at a fast food restaurant at some point during the semester. However, it is still possible to eat a decent meal at a reason-

able price in the Fullerton area. Almost every fast food restaurant has healthier options available on their menu, such as fruit, salads or even wraps. While those options might not be the specialty of those particular places, they will have a more positive physical and mental effect on the body. Most fast food options are high in fat and sodium content which can cause health problems like obesity and possibly even diabetes in the long run. Consistently eating fat-filled, greasy foods does not allow the brain to function properly and slows the body down considerably, reducing physical abilities.

APP

While fast food is an option that many college students use, it is important to remember that it should be consumed only in moderation. There are times late at night when fast food restaurants might be the only option, so it is important to not overload on the trans fats and sodium. Late night food cravings can be satisfied with healthier options than fat-filled and greasy fast food. CSUF students should take note of the multiple healthy yet inexpensive restaurants on and around campus, and look to improve the quality of food they are putting into their bodies.

$34

ROX

IMA TED

2,00

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YEA

MARIAH CARRILLO / Daily Titan

The Egg Healthy Sandwich has egg salad, carrots, sprouts, tomatoes and lettuce served on dark rye bread.

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