Event of the day
WEDNESDAY, JULY 14, 2010 • PORTLAND STATE UNIVERSITY • VOLUME 65, ISSUE 3
Join PSU students and members of the Portland Surfrider Foundation at the Ban the Bag Day of Action for a City Hall testimony, rally and pint night. The event supports a citywide effort to place a ban on single-use plastic bags.
When: 9 a.m. Where: Portland City Hall, 1221 SW 4th Ave.
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INSIDE NEWS
Dees joins Impact Entrepeneurs Former Stanford professor joins organization’s advisory board PAGE 3
ARTS
Banter, insults, affirmations These Portland artists are Over It PAGE 4
Finding your inner Laser The Kids are All Right isn’t your typical romantic comedy PAGE 5
New system aims to monitor Gulf Professor develops system to predict the flow of oil spills Anna Snook Vanguard staff
While scientists clamor for answers to the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, one Portland State professor is on the cusp of completing a twoand-a-half year project that may revolutionize the way in which the Gulf is monitored. The project’s goal is to predict the flow and turbulent dispersal of present and future oil spills. Professor Chris Mooers—along with his colleagues at Princeton University, North Carolina State University, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, the Naval Research Laboratory, Texas A&M University and the University of California, Los Angeles—is currently developing a 3-D computer modeling system that evaluates and predicts changes in ocean surface height patterns and currents, based on various observation systems, including satellite radar and thermal images. The models show detailed charts of everything from ocean
Tracking oil: A new computer modeling system is in the works to chart the flow and dispersal rate of oil plumes.
temperatures to major currents and eddies, as well as height to salinity levels in the Gulf and its surrounding areas. By examining the charts, one can predict a few days or weeks worth of Gulf patterns. For example, the salinity levels can help indicate the way oil plumes migrate through the Gulf. Based on such data, it could be predicted which way, and how fast, oil plumes could be expected to travel. Mooers’ project, which is funded by the U.S. Department of Energy,
ASPSU GEARS UP FOR NEXT YEAR
was originally started with the purpose of helping to ensure the safe recovery of hydro-carbon resources from the Gulf of Mexico Exclusive Economic Zone. While energy still remains the general focus of the project, the recent oil spill has contributed to the purpose of the models and has increased the immediate need for effective monitoring systems in the Gulf. “These models are not being paid attention to…because they
Adam Wickham/Portland State Vanguard
haven‘t been tested uniformly,” Mooers said, who has been evaluating different computergenerated models over the course of 2009 and 2010. “[We’re] trying to make conclusions about whether these models as a group are better or not than the individual models. By being clever, we can put the best models together and come up with something satisfactory.”
GULF continued on page two
PSU introduces Hellenic studies minor
OPINION
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New program will offer courses in ancient and modern Greek language and literature
Student radio learns from mistakes KPSU is off the air, for now PAGE 6
Amy Staples Vanguard staff Photo courtesy of Selina Poulsen
ASPSU’s new 2010 - 11 executive staff
New executive staff works toward developing more specific campaign goals Tamara K. Kennedy Vanguard staff
Since their recent election to office, ASPSU President Katie Markey and Vice President Selina Poulsen have filled all ASPSU executive staff positions with students that are ready to implement campaigns for 2010–11 school year. In the upcoming year, the focus of ASPSU’s campaigns will be ensure that students have a voice in restructuring, student dignity and student fee-funded services. The executive staff is utilizing
these campaign themes to develop more specific campaign goals, Poulsen said. In order to prepare for their first campaign, Poulsen said the staff will “backwards plan.” In other words, they will get information that is relevant, set goals and then figure out how to best utilize staff member strengths. In addition, Markey has been working with the new communications director to get the kinks out of the website and to provide up-to-date information about ASPSU and its campaigns to students as soon as possible. According to Poulsen, the ASPSU executive staff is using summer term to acclimate to their positions, attend training sessions and to learn to work as a team.
ASPSU continued on page two
A donation will bring ancient and Modern Greece to life at Portland State. E. John Rumpakis has donated $259,000 to the College of Liberal Arts and Science for the creation of a Hellenic studies program. The mission of the program will be to strengthen the relationship between Portland and the “people and culture of Greece and the Greek Diaspora,” according to a press release. CLAS Dean Marvin Kaiser said that PSU currently teaches many courses related to Greek or Hellenic studies, including classes in language, political science and history. However, the college is now organizing the classes into a minor. “We trust that sometime next year it will be formally recognized by the university,” he said. Although PSU has classes in both ancient and modern Greek language and literature, neither has tenuretrack positions, said Sandra Freels,
Photo courtesy of pdx.edu
Dean Marvin Kaiser
the chair of the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures. The donation will be used to seed a tenured position in modern Greek. “World Languages and Literatures will conduct a national search next year to fill that position,” she said. “We expect the new associate professor of modern Greek to begin work here in September 2011.” According to Kaiser, the chosen individual will also serve as director of the program and will therefore be in charge of helping the program to grow and of advising students. “The intention [of the minor] is to expand offerings in Greek language and literature so that a minor can be offered, with three years of modern Greek and
MINOR continued on page three
Vanguard 2 | News July 14, 2010
Virginia Vickery Editor-in-Chief Corie Charnley News Editor
Dees joins Impact Entrepreneurs
NEWS gulf
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from page one
System would be used by public
Robert Britt Sports Editor Bryan Morgan Production Manager Heather Noddings Photo Editor Adiana Lizarraga Online Editor Kristin Pugmire Copy Chief Kristin Pugmire Calendar Editor Jae Specht Advertising Manager Judson Randall Adviser Ann Roman Advertising Adviser
However, Mooers is also realistic about the future of the system he’s helping to develop. “The accuracy of the models is determined and constrained by the quality of available observation, and subject to different conditions, but I think we’re in a good position to argue for better monitoring systems now,” he said. There are currently no regular programs of this kind in the Gulf of Mexico, according to Mooers. The present systems are mainly commercial, and the data isn’t readily available to the public. “We need a system in which the data are provided to the public, including research scientists and engineers,” he said. Ideally, this system would show charts in real time. One challenge will be to find out how far in advance the 3-D models can forecast. In particular, oil companies push for getting early forecasts, which can be as much
as four months in advance. Their fear is that the eddy currents will interfere with their drill rigs— causing safety and cost issues. “[As of now] it’s not clear how much forecast we can gain,” Mooers said. “Atmospheric forecasts are very good [ for] up to three or four days, but they have very little skill after two weeks. [We] may not be able to get a useful forecast after three to four weeks…but we have to try.” The desired result of the project is to make a recommendation on which model should be used to monitor and predict patterns in the Gulf. The results will be reported in peer-reviewed scientific literature, and a proposal will be made to the federal government about the models. In the process, “[the federal government] will be challenged to step up and provide a means of long-term observation of the Gulf,” Mooers said.
Vanguard staff
Adam Wickham/Portland State Vanguard
Professor Chris Mooers
The agency that will most likely be in charge of monitoring the Gulf of Mexico is the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, which, along with the U.S. Navy, already has preliminary monitoring systems at work, Mooers said.
The project is scheduled for two years, but Mooers indicated that there may be reason to continue longer than its estimated length. “Since the recent occurrence of the catastrophic oil spill, chances are that interest in successfully monitoring the Gulf of Mexico will increase,” he said.
Duffy-Gochè is currently a senior majoring in sociology with a minor in women’s studies.
he plans to show others the positive impact ASPSU will have in the year to come. Sis is an incoming sophomore who is a political science major and a pre-law minor. For more information about ASPSU, visit www.aspsu.pdx.edu.
Illustrator Erin McIntyre Production Assistant Justin Flood Contributors Susannah Beckett, Meaghan Daniels, Natalia Grozina, Steve Haske, Tamara K. Kennedy, Erin McIntyre, Richard Oxley, Tanya Shiffer, Robert Seitzinger, Anna Snook, Catrice Stanley, Amy Staples, Nilesh Tendolkar, Andrea Vedder, Kat Vetrano, Allison Whited
aspsu
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from page one
Staff plans for campaigns
Equal Rights Advocate ASPSU’s equal rights advocate, Jessica Mease, comes from Portland Community College’s Sylvania campus, where she worked at the Women’s Resource Center. “It is my goal to be a resource here on campus for students and staff, as well as the community at large,” she said. Mease is a junior and plans to get a master’s of social work after graduation.
“We are gearing up for an intense year,” Poulsen said.
Photographers Michael Pascual Adam Wickham
Sadie McCarthy
Copy Editor Noah Emmet Advertising Sales Iris Meyers Advertising Designer Beth Hansen Distributor Cody Bakken The Vanguard is chartered to publish four days a week as an independent student newspaper by the PSU Publications Board. Views and editorial content expressed herein are those of the staff, contributors and readers, and do not necessarily represent those of the PSU student body, faculty, staff or administration. One copy of the Vanguard is provided free of charge to all community members, additional copies or subcription issues may incur a 25 cent charge. The Vanguard is printed on 40 percent post-consumer recycled paper. Copyright © 2010 Portland State University Vanguard 1825 SW Broadway, Smith Memorial Student Union, Rm. S-26, Portland, Ore., 97201
Chon Madrigal
Chief of Staff Chon Madrigal, the new chief of staff, plans to serve as a mentor and to provide constructive feedback to the staff. In addition, his goal is to ensure that staff members have the resources needed to fully execute campaigns and to help the staff succeed personally and academically. Madrigal recently graduated from Oregon State University with a bachelor’s degree in psychology. This fall, he will begin a master’s program at Portland State in Educational Leadership and Policy, with a specialization in Postsecondary Adult Continuing Education. He also worked in student government at Oregon State University where he supervised student-funded programs. Multicultural Director Multicultural Director Zahed Reza Khurasani plans to work on international student outreach to see how international student tuition is being distributed and hopes to look for ways to decrease costs for students, he said. Additionally, he will be helping student groups with campus events. Reza Khurasani was a student senator in 2009–10 and is pursing a master’s degree in electrical engineering.
Communications Director Communications Director Sadie McCarthy plans to contribute new designs and messages that will promote the goals of ASPSU and to act as the public relations correspondent between ASPSU and other organizations. Currently, McCarthy is a PSU senior working towards an Arts and Letters major with a minor in communications. She is also the vice president of communications for Toastmasters in Portland, and plans to teach communication or to work in an administrative role.
University Affairs Director Marcus Sis, the new university affairs director, said his main goal is to act as a conduit for student voices to the administration, especially in regards to restructuring. “It is more important now than ever that students’ concerns are made clear to those who are making decisions which will affect them,” he said. In order to get more students involved with student government,
Available training sessions for student groups Courtney Morse, the Oregon Student Association campus organizer, will be offering several different training sessions for student groups, including: -Coalition building -Backwards planning -Campaign strategy -Goal setting -Staff management -Recruitment -Institutional oppression -How to be a good ally -Leadership development -Time management For more information, contact Morse at 503-422-8883 or CourtneyM@orstudents.org.
Lost and found sale
All photos by Michael Pascual/Portland State Vanguard
Brittany Duffy-Gochè
Legislative Affairs Director ASPSU’s new legislative affairs director, Brittany Duffy-Gochè, hopes to register 3,000 voters by Oct. 12 through a registration drive plan that includes class raps and campus canvassing. “My hopes for this year as legislative affairs director are to make sure students are educated about the current legislative year, including measures and candidates,” she said.
Heather Noddings/Portland State Vanguard
Portland State’s Campus Public Safety Office will be holding a lost and found sale today and tomorrow from 8 a.m. to 2 p.m. in the Native American Student and Community Center. According to its flier, items include flash-drives, headphones, calculators and sunglasses. CPSO has already donated some items to several locations, including the Lion’s Club, the Women’s Resource Center and PSU Recycles. All items that are not sold will be donated.
from page one
Vanguard News | 3 July 14, 2010
News Editor:
Erin McIntyre
Professor J. Gregory Dees recently joined Portland State’s Impact Entrepreneurs, an organization that focuses on the power of business to effect social change. “We are thrilled to have his guidance and support,” said Cindy Cooper, director of the Social Innovation Incubator (SII), an initiative of Impact Entrepreneurs. “He is a pioneer in the field and ever instrumental in creating the knowledge and conditions that foster entrepreneurial solutions to social and environmental problems.” The first winner of the Aspen Institute’s Lifetime Achievement Award in Social Entrepreneurship Education, Dees is a professor of the practice of social entrepreneurship and co-founded the Center for the Advancement of Social Entrepreneurship at Duke University’s Fuqua School of Business. Dees also taught at the Stanford Graduate School of Business, Harvard Business School and the Yale School of Management. In addition, Dees serves on the board of the World Economic Forum’s Global Agenda Council for
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PSU will begin recruiting new program director in fall
Former Stanford professor joins organization’s advisory board
Nicholas Kula Arts & Culture Editor Zach Chastiane Opinion Editor
minor
Photo courtesy of Cindy Cooper
Professor Gregory Dees
Social Entrepreneurship and the Bridgespan Group, according to a press release. About Impact Entrepreneurs Impact Entrepreneurs—which is run out of PSU’s business department—also partners with organizations such as the Center for Global Leadership and Sustainability, the Entrepreneurship Center and the Portland State Business Accelerator, according to a press release. Impact Entrepreneurs is achieving its goal of “unleashing the power of business for social impact” by using three main initiatives—the SII, the Entrepreneurial Leadership Program and Social Enterprise Tours, according to its website. Impact Entrepreneurs partners with the local chapter of Mercy Corps, and runs an Entrepreneurial Leaders Program through it. According to Carolyn McKnight, director of Impact Entrepreneurs, the program will be taking a group of students to India to study social enterprise in December.
additional courses in modern Greek literature and culture,” said Martha Hickey, director of International Studies. Specific course offerings will not be known until the new faculty member is chosen. In addition, the program will work to strengthen relationships with Greek universities, according to the press release. The program also aims to collaborate with other PSU language and culture programs, such as Italian studies, Judaic Studies and the Middle East Study Center. According to Kaiser, the Hellenic studies program must fit in with PSU’s mission to engage with the community. “Like [other programs], maybe we bring in outside speakers and have collaborations with other institutions to raise up the profile of that particular program,” he said. “That’s the agenda that we are moving along here.” The university will begin recruiting for the new position created with the donation this fall, he said.
Rumpakis grew up in Portland and is very active in the community. He was also instrumental in bringing a scholar versed in the conflict in Cyprus to PSU’s conflict resolution department six years ago, Kaiser said. According to associate professor Harry Anastasiou, Rumpakis was also the first benefactor to the Peace Initiatives Project, which works to develop interethnic peace in Cyprus, Greece and Turkey. In addition, Rumpakis has given a number of scholarships to students in the School of Business as well. “He’s a wonderful man. He and his wife are very active in the community,” Kaiser said.
“[The students] will work in villages doing research and in the city consulting fledgling social enterprises,” she said. Impact Entrepreneurs also runs the SII, a program dedicated to providing start up initiatives with advice and support.
Its third initiative, SET, provides an opportunity for students and community members to “experience on-the-ground social and economic impact with visits to social enterprises” in India and Nicaragua, according to a press release.
Greek communities in the U.S. Cyprus has been disputed by Greece and Turkey since the island achieved independence from Britain in 1960. The 2006–08 American Community Survey—performed by the U.S. Census Bureau— reports that 13,602 people of Greek ancestry live in Oregon, and 1,370,221 in the entire U.S.
Corie Charnley 503-725-5690 news@dailyvanguard.com
PSU student wins art award Ralph Pugay, a Portland State student working towards a master’s in fine arts, was recently awarded with the International Sculpture Center’s Outstanding Student Achievement in Contemporary Sculpture Award. Pugay was one of 445 students nominated for this award from over 176 universities, colleges and art schools across 16 countries, according to PSU’s website. Pugay’s inspiration for the winning project came from his experiences with chronic back pain. His video, titled “Saddle Soap,” shows him navigating an obstacle course which forced him to reproduce the movements in physical therapy, according to the website.
—pdx.edu/news
Vanguard 4 | Arts & Culture July 14, 2010
Arts Editor: Nicholas Kula 503-725-5694
ARTS & CULTURE
Stuff to do, you want it?
July 14, Rose Garden, 7 p.m., $29.50–$49.50, all ages Quintron and Miss Pussycat, Litanic Mask, Cyclotron Haven’t you heard? Hipsters don’t like Ghostland Observatory anymore. They’ve now moved on to Quintron and Miss Pussycat, a duo featuring Quintron, an extremely talented organist, and his wife, Miss Pussycat (obviously her maiden name), a flat, boring backup vocalist. However, this is a guaranteed dance party scheduled to explode in East End’s claustrophobic digs. The sweatiness and lack of light really gets those skinny-jeaned legs a-shaking!
July 14, East End, 9 p.m., $4, 21+ Tragedy, Arctic Flowers, Bellicose Minds It’s been a long time since local crust-punk legends Tragedy played out, and if you’re in the mood to see a real show this week, get on up to The Know and catch this one. Featuring former members of His Hero is Gone and From Ashes Rise, there is absolutely no way this band doesn’t completely destroy. And take it from me, they do, and they will.
July 17, The Know, 8 p.m., $3, 21+ —Nicholas Kula
Italian recipes for the best time of year
BANTER, INSULTS, AFFIRMATIONS
arts@dailyvanguard.com
Justin Bieber Beebs is finally here, right before he ships off to his fan-voted tour of North Korea that he promised us all. And let me tell you, there will be no greater display of inches-thick Tiger Beat poster wallpaper meets rampant, capitalistic youth than at the Rose Garden tonight. That said, anyone within a four-mile radius will bear witness to the epic sonic boom of tens of thousands of little girls screaming in unison. You shouldn’t even bother paying for tickets, just standing outside while in Portland city limits at 7 p.m. tonight will give you the authentic soul-crushing Bieber experience.
Italian summer
All photos courtesy of Heather Noddings/Portland State Vanguard
These Portland artists are Over It Andrea Vedder Vanguard staff
How many artists does it take to screw in a light bulb? I jest, but amongst the pretty lights and kaleidoscope rays of embroidery thread in the Littman Gallery’s latest exhibit, Over It, there stands—for many viewers—an elephant of a question: 18 exceptionally talented artists collaborate on a project, and this is the end result? Huh. So perhaps Over It requires some context. This art show, showcased in the relatively new Littman Gallery on the second floor of the Smith Memorial Student Union, is a team installation. The collaborators are friends, or acquaintances at the very least. Though the group’s members hail from three advertising firms, a local paper, a local clothing company and even Portland State University faculty, most of its members have clear ties to the internationallyrenowned, Portland-based
advertising agency Weiden+Kennedy. These are creative minds who design commercials for Nike and CocaCola, invent fonts, direct the cover art for the Portland Mercury, manage fashion shows and publish books. Needless to say, expectations for their collaborative effort were high. Three months of brainstorming and wine-and-cheesing in Jelly Helm Studio—the party that secured the gallery space—birthed Over It, a large-scale, needle-and-thread representation of three words originally proposed as a joke by David Neevel (of the heinously awesome dickbird.org). The artists who are Over It discussed the potential of BANTER, AFFIRMATIONS and INSULTS, and the possibilities were exciting. “To me,” says Aaron Rayburn of Jelly Helm Studio, “[those three words] represent the meaningless chatter that is passed around as social interaction. Personally, I see people ‘liking’ things on Facebook, insulting one another in comments, and affirming life through passive interaction. Being ‘over it’ provides the opportunity for human-tohuman interaction, giving meaning to chatter and connecting with people actively and with purpose.”
The wood-floored, white-walled Littman Gallery has been stripped of all visual obstructions, and aside from the 14.2 miles of string and 2,500 eye screws that spell our words and connect the walls to the center of the ceiling, the gallery is empty. “[It] is such an incredible space, with its light, windows and floors, that it felt most impactful to let the space itself be an element of the installation,” Rayburn said. Standing in the center of the gallery, a viewer can take in the entirety of the installation in a glance. On the south wall is “BANTER” in shades of blue and seafoam; on the north wall is “AFFIRMATIONS” in colors spanning the spectrum between baby butt pink and goldenrod; on the east wall is “INSULTS” in Valentine’s Day schemes. The west wall is windows, with an expansive view of Park Block greenery. The gallery curator permitted the artists to design their own lighting, with fabulous results. The shadow play in this show may be its most interesting feature, and in combination with the taut colored threads it creates one of the most beautiful rooms to grace Portland State’s campus in the university’s history. Aspects of this installation that seem unimpressive—the empty space, for example, or the loose thread ends that hang from the center of the ceiling—were purposeful. “In being sparse,” Rayburn said. “[Over It] is simultaneously intricate, like the arctic or a sand dune. If I were present when a viewer called it sparse my immediate reaction would be to thank them.”
And the loose threads? “It was nice to have…one spot that wasn’t planned, precise or geometric. It provided a balance that showed human fingers had been there, tying tiny knots over and over again,” Rayburn said. “It was basically a window into our process.” Over It is a show produced by a group whose members began and remained as equals throughout. That in itself is no easy feat. And after a few hundred man-hours of installation, Over It is finally ready for Portland residents to explore. My recommendation is to breathe it in and appreciate the visual. As with most things in life, much more love and care went into this project than one may immediately realize. Let’s all leave the insults at the door.
Kat Vetrano Vanguard staff
Italian meals don’t have to be heavy, cheese-laden comfort food (although that’s delicious, too). The following recipes explore summer’s bounty, Italian-style.
A robust online community keeps the nearly twodecade-old Tecmo Super Bowl alive and kicking Steve Haske Vanguard staff
Apart from those rare diamondin-the-rough classics that have enough replay value to pay for themselves 10 times over, video games aren’t usually known for having a very long shelf life. The genre that falls victim to immediate obsolescence the most is sports—just ask any armchair quarterback or mid-field runner about how long you can expect to play any good sports title before having to shell out another $60 for next season’s installment. Keeping up with changes between seasons—critical game elements like stats, records and player and roster switch ups—seems like it’d be far easier to keep track of now that consoles have made the jump to online play, but instead the sporting heavy-hitters like EA and 2K Sports just end up having to shut down the previous season’s servers on a regular basis. But perhaps the biggest complaint that’s long been leveled at the Maddens, FIFAs and Tiger Woods of the video game sports world is that their hardcore fanbase is more often than not essentially forced into getting gouged the price of a new game annually for what’s little more than a cosmetic upgrade.
and team data—to reflect current NFL standings for the current season. How does this work? Using software emulation, you can download the original Tecmo Super Bowl ROM (sized at just over a fifth of a megabyte), or if you just want to play some current NESera football, a mod of the current season. The next step, editing, is as simple as downloading the proper editing tools, and having a hell of a lot of patience (I’ll spare you the technical misery that follows). Once you’re ready to go, all you have to do is host an IP server and share it with your opponent, and before you know it you’ve merged early nineties tech with contemporary stats. It might surprise you to find out just how many people still like playing the nearly two-decade old Super Bowl online. Even just a quick
This is an Italian lunch classic, but it doesn’t really need much of a recipe. All you need is a good, sweet orange melon and some prosciutto de Parma (buy from the deli in slices, not by the pound and it will be cheap).
Enjoy this as the precursor to some lightly dressed pasta for a summer dinner or, as I like to have it, as a satisfyingly fresh lunch. You might add cannellini or kidney beans for extra protein if desired.
1/2 melon 3 slices prosciutto
Simply chop up the melon and lay the prosciutto on top, wrap it around melon slices, or pin it to tiny pieces with a toothpick if you’re serving it as an appetizer. Photo courtesy of 12 tutu Fondue/Blogspot.com
Over It Littman Gallery 1825 SW Broadway Smith Memorial Student Union, Rm. 250 Mon–Friday, 12 to 4 p.m.
But let’s not get too serious— you’re about to be let in on quite the summer food secret. This makes a highly satisfying lunch or appetizer, but let’s face it, you’re not sharing this with anyone. How this recipe varies is the way the tomatoes are handled, but we’ll get there in a minute.
Ingredients: 1/2 cup of red cabbage 1/2 cup of spinach 2 heirloom tomatoes Dressing:
Ingredients:
Method:
2 anchovies 2 tablespoons of capers 1 spring garlic clove 1 teaspoon mustard 3 tablespoons olive oil Balsamic vinegar Method: Set up your mise en place: Chop the red cabbage into thin strips. Cut the tomatoes with a serrated knife by slicing off the top and placing it cut side down on the cutting board. Cut the tomato vertically, and then horizontally for bite sized pieces. Finely mince the garlic clove and set aside with dressing ingredients. Put washed spinach, cabbage and tomatoes in a large bowl. Next, rinse capers and anchovies and add them to a small bowl or drinking glass. Add mustard, olive oil, garlic clove, salt and pepper and whisk vigorously. Dress the salad, drizzle balsamic over it straight from the bottle, and enjoy. Serves 1–2 people.
Ultimate Bruschetta First of all, let’s clear this up. Lots of people say “brew-shetta” to describe this deliciously tomato dish, but that just isn’t right. “Brewsketta” is how it’s pronounced in Italian, and I encourage you to say it that way.
Ingredients: 2–4 heirloom tomatoes, all colors, preferably from the farmer’s market 1 handful of fresh basil 1/4 cup olive oil, plus more for bread Freshly ground pepper 2 slices of crusty bread—thick sourdough, ciabatta or Como from Grand Central Bakery are all good options 1 garlic clove Method: First, cut tomatoes the way stated in the first recipe, and place in a small bowl. Take basil leaves and tear with your hands and mix in with tomatoes. Add olive oil and pepper (you don’t want to add salt yet since that will cause the tomatoes to release their juices and you don’t want a watery bruschetta, do you?). Now the secret to this bruschetta is to let the tomatoes marinate with basil for a little while, during the frying bread process. Next, take your bread slices and drizzle with olive oil on both sides. Preheat a medium skillet to medium high and wait a few minutes until extremely hot. Add bread slices and lower the heat to medium, flipping when a nice brown color emerges. When bread is finished, place on a plate and run the raw peeled garlic clove over each slice. The rough texture will act as a grater for the garlic. Use the entire thing if you love garlic, or less if it’s not your thing. Top bread with tomato mixture and a dash of salt if desired, and enjoy!
Photo courtesy of Life’s a Feast
Finding your inner Laser
YEARS OF PIGSKINS PAST What’s a sports gamer to do? Few games offer new seasons as downloadable content (kudos to Capcom for doing just that with Moto GP 09–10), so more likely than not you’re going to get the financial screws put to you one way or the other to follow your favorite team. However, there’s another solution—one that thousands of the most dedicated and savvy gamers have decided to undertake with each new season—at least if you’re a fan of football. Enter Tecmo Super Bowl, one of the most archaic (yet longest lasting) sports games on the planet, having first seen its debut in 1991 for the 8-bit NES. In its heyday, Tecmo Super Bowl was one of the most lauded sports games to grace any system, complete with a then-revolutionary mode that let you follow your team for a whole season. Legions of gamers still play the game, only now, thanks to the digital age, they’re able to play against each other online, using modded ROMs (computer ports) of the original game. You might be surprised to learn how many of these modders there are out there—I heard rumblings of Super Bowl elite in the past, but never investigated just how substantial the game still was in some gaming circles. Similar to the millions of people that still obsessively play Starcraft and Diablo (there are still annual televised tournaments held for the now 12-year-old Starcraft in South Korea), groups of Super Bowl modders painstakingly go through and update the Tecmo coding— whether its graphics, text, or player
Prosciutto e Melone
My Big Fat Italian Salad
Google search will yield numerous hits for all manner of forums (one forum had over 50 thousand comments), community pages, fantasy and player leagues and stat recording sites. There are even some mods for other Tecmo sports titles like NBA Basketball. Although I don’t make a habit of playing many sports games, it’s interesting to see another side of a company that’s now only remembered for its ninja bloodbaths and meticulously detailed bouncing breast physics. Tecmo may have sucked at naming their sports games during their heyday, but that hasn’t stopped untold numbers of Super Bowl fans from remembering the days when Tecmo still made a difference for gamers. For more information on Tecmo Super Bowl modding and online matches, visit www.knobbe.org.
Photo courtesy of Mandalay Vision
The Kids are All Right isn’t your typical romantic comedy Richard D. Oxley Vanguard staff
Photo courtesy of Nintendo
Don’t you hate it when your sperm donation ends up contacting you after they turn 18? It can really disrupt your life. Back in the early 90s, Paul made a few anonymous genetic donations for 60 bucks a pop. Starting their own family, lesbian couple Jules and Nic took advantage of Paul’s donations, resulting in the birth of their children Joni and Laser…yeah, you read that right, “Laser.” Fast forward to today—Laser, now 15, petitions his 18-year-old sister Joni to contact their biological father. Though bearing no interest
in the matter herself, Joni does so for her brother. And thus begins The Kids Are All Right, a journey through a variety of issues and scenarios including family, parenting and coming of age. Because it’s being released by Focus Features—the company that brought you such cultured films as Lost in Translation, Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind and Away We Go—you’re not going to get through the movie as straightforwardly as you might expect. Each character could have their own film centered entirely on them during the course of this movie. Mark Ruffalo is Paul, an individual— perhaps too self-centered— confronted with the awareness of what he has been missing in life. Nic and Jules, played by Annette Bening and Julianne Moore respectively, tackle the never-ending challenge that is marriage—their own is in a bit of a slump. Mia Wasikowska is Nic and Jules’ daughter Joni who is innocently entering adulthood and about to leave the nest for college—you really feel she is at the beginning of something. Their son Laser, played by Josh Hutcherson, doesn’t know himself too well yet—which can only be made more difficult, given his name—and is spending his time hanging out with massive douche bags. There are a few main story lines offered, which can be a bit confusing at times. Some viewers might ask themselves what exactly this film
is about—marriage, kids, Paul or something else. In the end, it will take you somewhere you may or may not have been expecting, while leaving some story lines with no conclusion. Beyond the obvious stories initially presented, what this film really is about is family—the family that Jules and Nic have created and nurtured, the trials and challenges they face as their lives change and enter new territory. Despite what may be an unconventional family to some, this one is deeply traditional and faces traditional problems. With this family we find that they have their faults. The kids realize that their parents aren’t flawless, and the parents endure their children living through their mistakes.
If you thought of hitting up this movie for a date night, you were both right and wrong. It is a good movie for your significant other, but it isn’t as much of a feel-good flick as most romantic comedies provide. The Kids Are All Right may prevail more as being a mature family movie for adult audiences with an open mind.
The Kids are All Right Now playing
Vanguard Arts & Culture | 5 April14, July 21,2010 2010
Rad new tracks for your summer dance party It’s summer, yeah. And with the shedding of clothing, so comes great dance party music to listen to. It’s kind of a rule. This summer is no exception. Here are some great tracks to be found. Blast ‘em! Sunday Girl – “Self Control (Young Empires remix)” Yeah, it’s an ’80s cover. So what? To the five readers who actually remember the original, my deepest condolences. Young Empires, the Canadian act behind the remix, strips away the blippy filtered bass hits that cover most of the original Sunday Girl track and instead adds an absolutely addicting synth lead progression. The patch used on the lead is strikingly perfect—it sounds huge over the chorus and really lets the listener know when they’re supposed to get down. Don’t let the conga intro fool you. Hyper Crush – “Ayo” It’s almost too corny to include on the list, but the Diploproduced “Ayo” has some grinding synthlines that are just too crazy to miss out on. If you can get past the almost-toonew-school-to-be-cool male/female tradeoff vocals, you may find a real gem here. It becomes obvious by the second verse that Hyper Crush needs to utilize the talents of all of its members, as the vocals don’t really add a whole lot, but they just serve as conduits for the big payoffs that come in the form of undeniable grooves. Dan Le Sac vs. Scroobius Pip – “Sick Tonight (Doctor P remix)” This remix was released a couple of months ago, granted, but this easily carries over to sweaty basement parties better than most stuff coming out right now. Doctor P, an up and coming dubstep producer really took the screws to this track and applied a thick coating of gigantic basslines and huge, slow crushing beats. The once uptempo collaboration between Dan Le Sac and Scroobius Pip gets a perfect makeover, which will keep everyone dancing while simultaneously eliciting cries of “WHOA!” in 20-second intervals.
—Nicholas Kula
Photo courtesy of Mandalay Vision
opinion@dailyvanguard.com
Where do you draw the line? How young is too young to be learning about things that are considered obscene? On a college campus, it seems like the norm is to be more relaxed about, well, almost everything. We are quite simply a relaxed demographic most of the time. While we may not take any sort of offense to a nearly offhand joke about sodomy, others are not okay with the use of the word over the airways, at least not for high school kids. This may mean more to students who are trying to raise children. In a previous issue of the Vanguard, we wrote about the Portland Police’s informative cartoon for elementary school kids that enraged parents as it informed the children that sodomy was a crime. Parents felt their children should have been older before learning what sodomy was. Yes, elementary school is perhaps a bit young to be learning about sodomy. However, when is the appropriate age? Most kids are probably going to learn what sodomy is soon enough, and why not? Shouldn’t kids know what some of this stuff is? Generally knowledge is not harmful and most parents would probably want their children to know what cocaine is. Why should things like sodomy be any different if it is so bad? So, we want to hear from you! Send an email to opinion@ dailyvanguard.com and tell us where you think the line should be drawn?
Letters to the editor are gladly accepted and should be no longer than 300 words in length. Submissions may be edited for brevity and vulgarity. E-mail letters to opinion@ dailyvanguard.com.
Where do we draw the line?
Student radio learns from mistakes
Obscenity in the media is a gray area
KPSU is off the air, for now
Zach Chastaine
Meaghan Daniels Vanguard staff
Vanguard staff
Obscenity is a word used to describe indecency, and it packs a little power behind its meaning. Throughout history the definition of what is obscene has changed. In the 1950s Elvis Presley’s onstage hip-thrusting motion was considered vulgar and suggestive. In 1967 a naked—but covered— Allen Ginsberg on the cover of the Vanguard was enough to get the paper suspended. Now, in the exciting year of 2010, we find Eric Cartman from the popular South Park television series blasting diarrhea into a bucket held by his mother; we may have to reexamine what we consider to be obscene. The matter of obscenity will ultimately boil down to personal opinion, and what each individual feels is appropriate. Obviously, people feel differently about certain issues such as nudity. While some feel the human body is beautiful and not something to be hidden, others feel that any instance of a naked person is smut. Of course, there are people in between who have mixed feelings and would prefer not to be boxed into a black and white idea concerning nudity. Entire communities can share opinions; in some cases—such as in
cover Women’s Fitness with a little black board, in Portland one can comfortably carry GQ with a very saucy Miranda Kerr on the cover down the street and there is a good chance that nobody will care. It’s probably safe to say that just because some people think something is vulgar doesn’t necessarily mean it offends everyone. If someone finds one thing indecent, someone else may not be bothered by it. We are all different, after all. So what does it take to be totally unacceptable? When does content actually cross the line? Some may remember in 2005 when Rockstar Games took heat for a minigame within Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas which allowed the player to have virtual sex. The content, despite being sealed in the game and unplayable until a modification was developed to unlock it, was still built into the game. This caused quite a stir. Yet no controversy was roused from being able to use a chainsaw, or burgle homes or murder people. It’s as though the people behind the controversy grew tired of the “videogames turn you into a serial killer” argument. Sex and violence is a debate for another time—the question here is if a game in which you play as a
“ It’s probably safe to say that just because some people think something is vulgar” doesn’t necessarily mean it offends everyone. Utah—you may find Women’s Fitness magazine is covered on the shelves. To anyone unfamiliar, Women’s Fitness is not a smut magazine by any stretch. The cover often features healthy women showing off their bodies while wearing athletic clothing not unlike the kind you see runners wearing on any warm day. This just means that in Utah they don’t think it is appropriate to show off any skin in the store where their kids might see. To some that might seem totally shocking, while others might wonder what happens when kids in Utah go outside and actually see the runners. Content on television is typically varied by target audience. Disney will produce shows that cater to viewers who are about 15 years old or younger. The idea of seeing anything with blood or explosions would be shocking on the Disney channel. But on Spike TV, some may grow suspicious if The Man Show stopped showing girls jumping on trampolines. So audience is a very clear and often indisputable factor in obscenity. If you show boobs on the Disney channel, it’s probably rude and indecent. If you show boobs on Spike TV, it’s probably okay. Obscenity is different for everyone. Though in Utah, they might
gangster and have sex with your digital gangster girlfriend is obscene or not. The answer is maybe, and it depends on who you are. There are games that base their entire gameplay around rape. A controversial Japanese game titled Rapelay lets the player stalk and rape an entire family. Rape, like murder, is not something to be taken lightly. Since the purpose of a game is to have fun, playing a game based entirely around rape may be a good first sign that someone needs professional help. Does a game where you stalk and rape people cross the line? The debate could rage forever and social opinions will continue to change as they have always done, and in 200 years perhaps the only thing on television will be reruns of Little House on the Prairie, or maybe people will be more into movies like MurderPlanet 3: Titworld. The beautiful thing about America is we have the ability to control what we feel is appropriate in the media. People have the right to regulate what their children watch or read, and our choices are not limited by the government.
The airwaves of KPSU have been silenced after over 15 years on the air. After a Debate Hour discussion on sodomy and a guest condoning it, KPSU’s signal has been permanently revoked from KBPS-AM 1450. Portland Public Schools owns KBPS, the station operated out of Benson High School, so the station often has younger listeners than the college students at Portland State University. The incident occurred on Thursday, June 24 at around 10:55 p.m. One of the guests said, “I think we can all agree that sodomy is great, and we want to do anything we can to encourage it.” Then one of the panelists said, “I’ve decided that you can do anything you want as long as you can pay FCC fines.” It is the end of over 15 years of student broadcasting on AM radio for 59 hours each week. It is a sad end to Portland State’s radio station and the student body hopes that it will recover, but facts are facts and it broke the rules. KPSU did not violate any licensing guidelines defined by the Federal Communications Commission. The station, however, failed to comply with the obscenity clause in its contract with KBPS. It broke the rules and is now dealing with the consequences, but KPSU does not seem to be letting this setback get to them. KPSU is currently broadcasting online and, with a faint signal, broadcasting on 98.1 FM.
Once it was taken off the air, KPSU became a stronger force online. KPSU’s incoming station manager and current music director, Doug Friend, is looking into FM and HD radio options. KBPS General Manager Bill Cooper has talked about past problems with KPSU DJs’ inappropriate behavior on the air, such as profanity by DJs and in the music that airs. In an earlier interview with the Vanguard, student publications advisor Judson Randall said there have been just two instances in which KPSU was in violation of FCC regulations. It appears that a lack of communication existed between KPSU and KPBS. While it is a horrible way to end such a long run of student broadcasting, KPSU should be proud of how it handled the situation, including being attacked by Cooper of KBPS who said KPSU DJs have a long history of breaking the rules. If that were the case, then this would have happened earlier, but it did not. The bottom line is that the fine print is the fine print and KPSU broke the rules. However, KPSU deserves kudos for not complaining about being cut from KBPS’s stream. KPSU also deserves credit for taking what appears to be a minor setback in stride. They are using the current situation as fuel for the fire in their bellies and are planning to come back better than ever. Acknowledging that they did wrong, KPSU seems to be handling the situation with poise and grace to push the program to bigger and greater heights.
Vanguard Etc. | 7 July 14, 2010
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Vanguard 6 | Opinion July 14, 2010
Across 1 Flexible blades 6 Machines that run Panther or Leopard 10 Bean curd 14 Prefix with brewery 15 Home of King Harald V 16 Eye part 17 Part of a drug lordʼs income, maybe 19 Burping in public, e.g. 20 Eye part 21 Field of expertise 22 Small particles 23 Shogunʼs capital 24 Fruity soda 26 “Slumdog Millionaire” setting 28 Still 29 Watch furtively 30 Res ___ loquitur 33 You might get your feet wet with this
34 Boldly patterned warblers … and a hint to 17-, 24, 50- and 59Across 38 Minute Maid drink brand 41 Big film shower 42 Eye shade 46 Powerless 49 Singer portrayed in film by Jennifer Lopez 50 Rolling Stones hit of 1967 54 Liq. measures 55 Prepare to recite the Pledge of Allegiance 56 Hidden valley 57 “Cominʼ ___ the Rye” 58 Trillion: Prefix 59 Certain mason 61 City in Utah 62 Prefix with physics 63 Many-___ (large, as an estate) 64 Half, quarter or eighth follower
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38 Author Zora Neale ___ of the Harlem Renaissance 39 Not yet born 40 1966 musical based on “I Am a Camera” 43 Gentle breezes 44 Sides accompaniers
45 World Serieswinning manager of 1981 and 1988
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48 Brit. company name ending 49 Went under
BUY*SELL*TRADE
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Guilt-Free Fashion
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Vanguard 8 | Sports July 14, 2010
Sports Editor: Robert Britt 503-725-4538 sports@dailyvanguard.com
Vikings earn spring academic honors The Big Sky Conference and Pacific Coast Softball Conference each released their lists of academic accolades for the spring sports season, and on those lists appear the names of 28 Portland State student-athletes. For the second consecutive year, 11 members of the PSU softball team made the Pacific Coast Softball Conference Commissioner’s Honor Roll, which recognizes athletes that earn a cumulative GPA of 3.0 or better for the 2009–10 academic year. The Big Sky Conference, which governs all of PSU’s 12 other sports programs, featured 17 Portland State student-athletes on its list for Academic All-Conference honors. To be eligible, athletes had to maintain a 3.20 GPA or higher and compete in at least half of the team’s competitions. In total, 65 Portland State student-athletes earned academic honors during the 2009–10 academic year. —Robert Britt PSU’s spring academic honors list Softball De’Chauna Skinner Arielle Wiser Tori Rogers Brandi Scoggins Kendra Suhr Anna Bertrand Sadie Lopez Carly McEachran Alexa Morales Alyssa Roblez Megan Wallo Women’s golf Britney Yada Danielle Ranallo Stephanie Johns Men’s tennis Jeff Cero Men’s track and field Jeff Borgerson Chris Fasching
SPORTS Running the day away Portland ultra marathoners discuss their passion Robert Seitzinger Vanguard staff
For the college-age crowd, spending 18 consecutive hours doing one thing probably means playing video games, watching TV marathons or—for the more ambitious among the crowd— studying until their eyes burn. Consider Yassine Diboun: Last month, he clocked in a time of 20 hours, 43 minutes and 27 seconds to complete a 100-mile race in Wyoming during a popular ultra marathon trail run called Bighorn. He’ll also participate in the White River 50-Mile Trail Run at the end of July, hosted by the Pacific Northwest Association of USA Track & Field. Diboun said he runs upward of 75 miles per week, as much as 20 on
Spain takes the Cup Spain wins its first World Cup, Netherlands loses its third successive final Nilesh Tendolkar Vanguard staff
Spanish midfielder Andres Iniesta’s goal in the 116th minute was enough to crown Spain the World Cup champion in a 1-0 win over the Netherlands in the final of the FIFA World Cup played at Soccer City Stadium in Johannesburg, South Africa on Sunday. With the win, Spain became the reigning World and European champion and the first European team to win a World Cup held outside its home continent. The result also completes a trio of World Cup losses for the Netherlands in the final. Spain, who was a pre-tournament favorite, saw early hiccups in the group stage when the team lost to Switzerland in its first game. But the team, under manager Vicente Del Bosque, lived up to its billing and dominated games with superior passing and ball control. The Netherlands, on the other hand, won 14 straight games to get
a single weekend day, while training for his next ultra marathon—events that go beyond the typical 26.2 miles of a traditional marathon. Oregon hosts a regular series of trail runs that includes the 62-mile Where’s Waldo Ultra Marathon at the milehigh Willamette Pass Ski Area. Diboun said he came to Portland when his wife found a job in town and that he began attending PSU’s School of Community Health. He added that Portland has been a great city for his running passion and that there is a rich and thriving runners’ culture in the Pacific Northwest. “It’s a mecca for running out here,” he said, adding that he trains along the Columbia River Gorge. “There’s a lot of up-and-down progress involved with ultra trail running, and you’re going to have to hike some of the time.” When asked if running ultra marathons is competitive, Diboun said there is a sense of individual
to the final, including every match played in South Africa. However, the result of the final went exactly the way Paul, the psychic German octopus, had predicted. Spain dominated the early minutes of the first half with better ball possession than the Dutch. Defender Sergio Ramos’ header came close to giving Spain the lead in the fifth minute, and David Villa nearly scored his sixth goal in the World Cup when he side-netted his shot from close range in the 10th minute. In reply, the Netherlands’ style of play got more physical and the card count steadily increased as the game progressed. Referees cautioned four Dutch players in the first half, including Nigel De Jong, who received a booking for drilling his cleats into Xabi Alonso’s torso. The match set a new World Cup final record of 13 yellow cards. Dutch player John Heitinga was the only player to get red carded. Just before the end of the first half, Wesley Sneijder’s defensesplitting pass released Arjen Robben in a one-on-one duel with Spain’s goalkeeper and captain, Iker Casillas. However, Casillas deflected the shot with his right foot while diving the other way. In the 82nd minute, Robben embarrassed veteran defender Carlos Puyol with his pace and again had only Casillas between himself and the goal. Casillas once again foiled the one-on-one chance for Robben and stopped the ball at the
Women’s tennis Anya Dalkin Kylea Gleason Caitlin Stocking Women’s track and field P’Lar Dorsett Karissa Fuller Johanna Johnson Alexis Kitzman Kelsey Paden Julie Pedersen Alyssa Rife Stephanie Sprauer
Adam Wickham/Portland State Vanguard
Sound the horns: A soccer fan wields a vuvuzela during a public viewing of the final match of the 2010 FIFA World Cup at Pioneer Courthouse Square on Sunday.
challenge and determination to place as high as possible, but that there is a definite camaraderie among regular ultra marathon runner. “For me, it’s both [competitive and collaborative],” he said. “I certainly am competing when I run, but when
Photo courtesy of Yassine Dibuon
Taking the hill: Yassine Diboun, who last month ran a 100-mile race in Wyoming, runs local trails and parks to prepare himself for ultra marathons.
2010 FIFA World Cup results First place Spain Second place Netherlands Third place Germany
you do trail marathons, you’re also looking out for other runners to make sure everyone’s safe, staying on the trails and not getting lost.” Geoffrey Donovan, 41, also lives in Portland and competes in ultra marathons, and he finished with a 23:35.17 time at Bighorn. He called himself a “moderate athlete at best,” but said ultra marathons are more mental than physical. “I’ve never been a moderate guy, I look at things and find it interesting to see how far you can go,” Donovan said. “There are a lot of people who think, ‘Oh, a 100-mile run, I could never do it.’ But it’s very possible…it’s what humans are meant to do—run long, slow distances.” Donovan agreed that there is a lot of human connection between regulars on the ultra marathon circuit. “It’s a camaraderie, a pretty small population of people who do these things and it’s usually the same people out there for 24 hours at a time, for a day, and you tend to bond with these people,” he said. For more information on the next two ultra marathons in the area, visit www.whiteriver50.com (July 31) or www.ww100k.org (Aug. 21).
GETTING READY TO
RUMBLE Mixed martial arts event slated for Saturday Robert Seitzinger Vanguard staff
Dutchman’s feet as he tried to get around the keeper. The score remained 0-0 at the end of 90 minutes and the game headed to 30 minutes of extra time. Spain brought in fresh legs and replaced Xabi Alonso with Cesc Fabregas and David Villa with Fernando Torres. Midway through the extra period, the Dutch went down to 10 men when John Heitinga was cautioned for the second time in the game for pulling back Andres Iniesta near the edge of the penalty area. With just four minutes left to play before the match would be decided by penalty kicks, Fabregas played the ball across to Iniesta who drove the ball beneath goalkeeper Maarten Stekelenburg’s right hand, into the far corner, to put Spain in the history books and shatter the Dutch dreams. In the match for third place, held the day before the final, Germany overcame Uruguay 3-2 in an open and free scoring game at Port Elizabeth. Uruguay’s Deigo Forlan and Germany’s Thomas Mueller each scored their fifth goal of the tournament. Miroslav Klose, Germany’s alltime leading scorer, did not start the game due to injury and sits just one goal short of the World Cup’s all-time goals scored record. Brazil’s Ronaldo currently holds the record at 15. Mueller won the 2010 Golden Boot award for his five goals and three assists. He led the race ahead of Spain’s Villa and Netherlands’ Sneijder, both of whom finished with five goals and one assist. Interestingly, Spain needed just eight goals from their seven games to win the World Cup—the least number of goals a winning team has ever scored. The next FIFA World Cup will be held in 2014, with Brazil hosting the 32-team tournament.
The Full Contact Fighting Federation will host Rumble at the Roseland 52, a mixed martial arts event featuring fighters from several weight classes in an octagon cage. There will be two main events, with a champion to be declared in both genders. The lightweight (155-lb.) championship is on the line as Clint Patterson, who claimed the title at Rumble at the Roseland 51 in May and holds a record of five wins and two losses, takes on Team Quest’s Tommy Leisman, currently with five wins and one loss. There will also be a female featherweight (115 lbs.) championship bout between the defending champ Glena Avila (Rise Above, 3-0) and independent fighter Tia Spurlock, who takes on the champ with four wins and no losses on her record. The event begins at 7 p.m. and will feature nearly 20 bouts in all. Tickets are still available through TicketsWest and general admission costs $29, though front-row floor and balcony seats are still available at $59.
Photo courtesy of Kevin Keeney
The champ: Glena Avila (white shirt) defeats Hadley Griffith by TKO as the ref puts a stop to the fight during Rumble at the Roseland 46.