PORTFOLIO Miss LEI Dan Email: iceert_0606@hotmail.com URL: http://www.coroflot.com/DanLei_portfolio Master Degree of Architecture 2012 School of Architecture and Landscape Architecture, UBC, Canada
Bachelor Degree of Architecture 2009 College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, China
PREFACE “Dig a hole, jump into it, and then try to climb out� is my process of doing architecture. Sounds boring, but I really enjoy it. As per my design, I always try to first define a subject to study, from which my concept is then derived and attempts are made to find better solution in such a situation. The following nine projects of mine all represent this method. Thank you and Enjoy. Sincerely, Lei Dan
2011
i
2010
2009
INDEX TRANSMIGRATION THINKING: PRESERVATION & EVOLUTION URBAN PLUG-IN PAGE 01-18
2009
2007
2008
2005
2007
2005
SYSTEM THINKING: FLOW & INTERACTIVE HOUSTON YMCA
PAGE 19-28
STRUCTURE THINKING: MAIN & SUBSET LONG SPAN CABLE NET COMMUNITY CENTER
PAGE 29-38
URBAN THINKING: TODAY & FUTURE SHEYANG WATER-DIMENSIONAL URBAN DESIGN
PAGE 39-46
CULTURE THINKING: PAST & PRESENT SHANGHAI LANE AND FOLK MUSEUM
PAGE 47-54
SOCIAL THINKING: PUBLIC & PRIVATE RESIDENTIAL PLANNING OF JANGWAN DISTRICT
PAGE 55-62
VISUAL THINKING: SEE & BE SEEN CLOVER TEAHOUSE
PAGE 63-66
GENDER THINKING: MAN & WOMAN GENDERLESS WASHROOM
PAGE 67-70
RELATION THINKING: INTIMATE & STRANGE MOVEABLE CITY CHAIR
PAGE 71-74
RESUME
PAGE 75-76 ii
01
TRANSMIGRATION THINKING: PRESERVATION & EVOLUTION URBAN PLUG-IN Graduation Project, University of British Columbia, Canada Tutor: Blair Satterfield, Dan Chen, Annabel Vaughan Site: Gulou, Beijing, China, 2011 Type: Academic Page: 01 - 18
02
2090
2100
2110
2120
170 0
17 10
17 20
20 40
20 5
0 208
990 2000 2010 980 1 2020 0 1 203 197 0
1770 1780 1790 18 760 00 0 1 181 175 0
60 19
ECOSYSTEM
0
18 30
50 19
18 20 40 18
50 18
1880 1890 1900 1 870 910 0 1 192 186 0
19 30
19 4
03
70 20
40 17
Architecture is not an isolated or permanent construction piece, but a phenomenon that is capable of growing and changing in accordance with the constant evolution of nature and human society. Its generation is determined by the requirement of the ecosystem it will plug in, and its destination is to update and help the whole function bettering. This Urban Plug-in project in Beijing views the scar caused by new subway construction as an opportunity to save the dying historical area nearby, to improve living quality of local residents and to bring new life to the surroundings.
0
60 20
30 17
TRANSMIGRATION THINKING: PRESERVATION & EVOLUTION URBAN PLUG-IN
The site’s location used to be the north end of Beijing’s central axis in history. But with modern development, the axis has extended to the Olympic Park due to city expansion, leaving only a small curve by side of the site. The second ring on the north of the site, which was the location of the city wall, has now become the boundary to prevent erosion of old district by modern towers. Courtyard urban is the most significant characteristic of the site. But its historical value has been gradually fading off with time. The conflict between courtyard houses and local residents become more and more intense nowadays. On the one hand the historical buildings are too old to bear everyday living pressure; on the other hand, local residents expect modern development to improve their living quality.
ECOSYSTEM
DWELLING UNIT (Private)
1901
2008
DEVELOPING PRESERVING IMPROVING LIVING QUALITY MORE EXPERIENCE
DISTRICT COURTYARD RESIDENT TOURIST
SITE & CITY
CONDITION
HISTORY & FUTURE
TREND
CULTURE TOURISM AND ECONOMY NEIGHBORHOOD
CULTURE & ART
site
HUTONG (Public)
USER GROUP
PRESENTING AND CONSERVING PROMOTING REVITALIZING AND BENEFITING
site
site
COURTYARD (Semi-public)
NEED
determine benefit
PROGRAM
HOW? In recent years, a lot of small craft shops, bars, and restaurants full of traditional Chinese tastes have appeared and spontaneously gathered around the three culture zones near the site, becoming strong attractors to tourists. Although courtyard house can not fit in modern ways of living, if being freed from everyday living pressure, appropriately conserved and represented, the unique historical and cultural value will display itself and may become a trigger for future evolution. Art and culture is the catalyst inspiring and promoting such processes. Presenting and conserving culture, promoting tourism and economy, revitalizing and benefiting neighborhood are the benefits generated by those processes to help improve the whole ecosystem. 04
STEP ONE 05
STEP TWO
STEP THREE
URBAN STRATEGY
ENTERTAINMENT BLOCK Theater/Amphitheater Recreation Park Club/Bar/Restaurant
ART BLOCK
Museum/Outdoor Exhibition Studio Craft Shop Cafe
BUSINESS BLOCK Office Hotel
2 2 2
2
After the ecosystem analysis, it is clear that the previous courtyard urban of the site has already been erased to become the stockyard for new subway construction. So on the one hand, it is a scar that new development has caused to this old district; but on the other hand, we should understand it as an opportunity to save all the other still existing but unqualified urban fabric and inspire future virtuous circle benefiting the whole district. The following five-step urban strategy is proposed based on such an attitude.
STEP FOUR
STEP FIVE
STEP ONE: Build modern compact residential area based on traditional Beijing Courtyard Houses in the site that has already been demolished by subway construction STEP TWO: Relocate local residents of the historical district along Central Axis to the new compact residential project STEP THREE: Remove illegal constructions, conserve and renovate historical buildings in the area along Central Axis STEP FOUR: Extend project to connect with Drum and Bell Tower cultural zone, arrange different circulation routes and locate two big programs — museum and theater at intercrossing nodes STEP FIVE: Insert other small projects, such as hotel, office, studio, craft shop, restaurant, cafe, bar, club and recreation park to form various programming zones to create a symbiotic system 06
DESIGN STEPS
BACKGROUND INFORMATION CROSS SECTION 100m
120m
1. Modern Construction
Subway Construction Stockyard Historical District
RESIDENTIAL AREA
CULTURAL FACILITY
2.
AREA A : Historical District along Central Axis
AREA B : Subway Construction Stockyard
Area: 40900 m2 Average Population Density: 15752/ km2 Number of People (estimated): 40900 m2 * 15752/km2 *0.75 = 4800 Living Area per Person (estimated): 40900 m2 * 0.7 / 4800 = 5m2 Far Less Than.... Living Area per Person of Beijing (2011): 28m2
Area: 43683 m2 Average People per Family: 3 If Constructed for New Residential Area Number of Unit Needed: 4800 / 3 = 1600 Area of Each Unit: Double the Current Living Area per Perso ( 5m2 * 2 ) * 3 = 30m2 > 28m2 (Vancou
Then I decide to focus on Step One, because in my opinion it is the trigger of whole urban developing process. Only through realizing this step, the rest of the strategy can have a chance to be carried out afterwards. But how to meet the practical requirements of relocating local residents and at the same time complete the transition between modern and traditional scales, while inheriting and representing the courtyard tradition becomes what is to be solved in the next stage.
ELEVATE 3.
PROGRAM TYPOLOGY
COURTYARD 4.
CARPET Resident
5.
RESIDENTS
Public
VISITORS BY WALK UNDERGROUND 6.
VISITORS BY SUBWAY Pedestrian Vehicle VISITORS BY CAR EXTEND
7.
07
TRANSFERRING RESIDENTIAL PATTERN
RESPOND TO SURROUNDINGS
PROJECT & FOLD
MODERN SCALE
AREA B AREA A
on: uver Compact Living Standard)
f f o e
o
VISUAL CONNECTION
PLACE RETREAT Public Entrance Plaza Residential Entrance Landscape
SUNK RETREAT
GROUND FLOOR
PLACE RETREAT
Grocery Store Restaurant Cafe Bookstore Recreation Park Restroom and Changing Room
TRADITIONAL SCALE
BASEMENT 1
MODIFY BY SUNLIGHT
Subway Station Subway Plaza Subway Shopping Mall Restroom and Storage Loading Zone Gathering Plaza
WINTER SUN ANGLE 26.5
BASEMENT2
Subway Station Public Parking BASEMENT3
SUMMER SUN ANGLE 73.5 08
UNIT
Unit is the basic dwelling component of traditional courtyard house, which was usually occupied by large families in old days. It contains three spaces, two private ones sandwich one public separation in the middle. The new compact residential dwelling unit is designed following the same principle—living room on the south, bedroom on the north with a service core as a buffer zone in between. Two basic units can be combined together to form more dwelling types to satisfy bigger space requirements. BEDROOM
Private
LIVING ROOM
Public
STUDY ROOM
Private
COMBINATION HORIZONTAL UNIT A
UNIT B
UNIT AA
UNIT BB
UNIT AA’
UNIT BB’
LIVING ROOM
6000mm
2600mm 600mm
1800mm 2500mm
SERVICE CORE
7000mm
BEDROOM
UNIT AB
UNIT AB’
UNIT A/A
UNIT B/B
UNIT A/A’
UNIT B/B’
2600mm
2500mm
VERTICAL
5000mm 4500mm
09
UNIT A
UNIT B
Courtyard is the most significant characteristic of courtyard house. Four or three units surround an open space in the middle to form a typical courtyard model. The open space not only plays an important role in bringing sunlight and airflow, but also services as semi-public outdoor living area shared by families around for daily communication. The new compact residential design try to inherit this important element, together with Hutong space to form a series of public layers to keep the traditional feel and encourage modern social activities.
COURTYARD
COURTYARD HOUSE
COMPACT RESIDENCE
Outdoor Circulation Indirect Lighting and View
Indoor Circulation Direct Lighting and View
ORGANIZATION VERTICAL
LOWER FLOOR Small Units Senior and Family with Child
MIDDLE FLOOR Mixed-Type Ensure Sunlight and Access to Courtyard
HORIZONTAL
HIGHER FLOOR COURTYARD HOUSE
COMPACT RESIDENCE
PLAN ORGANIZATION 1
PLAN ORGANIZATION 2
More Voids Alleviate Modern High-Rise Feeling
10
SPACE
GROUND FLOOR 11
SECOND FLOOR
THIRD FLOOR
FOURTH FLOOR
FIFTH FLOOR
SIXTH FLOOR
CROSS SECTIONAL DIAGRAMS URBAN PLUG-IN TRADITIONAL HOUSE MODERN RESIDENCE CAFE RESTAURANT BAR CLUB THEATER CRAFT SHOP MUSEUM BOOK STORE SHOPPING MALL STUDIO BADMINTON COURT PLAYGROUND PARK OUTDOOR EXHIBITION OFFICE HOTEL BUS STOP SUBWAY PARKING
COURTYARD 1
COURTYARD 3
COURTYARD 5
UNIT ORGANIZATION UNIT A UNIT B UNIT AA’ UNIT BB UNIT BB’ UNIT AB UNIT AB’ UNIT B/B UNIT B/B’ UNIT A/A’ COURTYARD CIRCULATION CORE
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION PRIVATE Residential Unit SEMI-PRIVATE Courtyard SEMI-PUBLIC Hutong Corridor PUBLIC Roof Garden CIRCULATION CORE VOID
COURTYARD 7
COURTYARD 9
COURTYARD 11 12
COURTYARD
OPEN VS ENCLOSED
Courtyard is an enclosed open space. To say it is open, not only because it is an outdoor space, but also due to its semi-public characteristic. The courtyard is shared by all the families living around it. Each family has the same right to use and enjoy the natural beauty it brings to life. But on contrary it is also an enclosed space. Strangers are not welcomed and all happenings within this area are under the supervision of its residents, which provide a more static environment for certain social activists and better chance to build up close relationships among the dwellers.
THIRD FLOOR PLAN Organization 1
13
PERSPECTIVE FROM COURTYARD 14
HUTONG
NARROW VS LIVELY
Hutong, on the one hand is the transportation space among closely arranged courtyard houses; but on the other hand, it is the only public space supporting social activities in old days. Although, due to the inner orientation of traditional dwellings, hutong is always a narrow alley, not more than 3 meters, and with few windows and door openings. It indeed is a lively space of interesting happenings: such as grocery peddling, neighborhood greeting, children playing and after-dinner entertaining. It is the bond to connect people together forming residential district full of vitality.
FOURTH FLOOR PLAN Organization 2
15
PERSPECTIVE FROM HUTONG CORRIDOR 16
PERSPECTIVE FROM BELL TOWER 17
PERSPECTIVE FROM SECOND RING
PERSPECTIVE FROM HISTORICAL DISTRICT
PERSPECTIVE FROM GULOU STREET 18
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SYSTEM THINKING: FLOW & INTERACTIVE HOUSTON YMCA Architectural Design Studio, University of British Columbia, Canada ARCH 540 H2ouston, 2010 Fall Term Tutor: Blair Satterfield Site: Spotts Park, Houston, Texas, USA, 2010 Type: Academic Page: 19 - 28
20
10m
Programs
Parking
SYSTEM THINKING: FLOW & INTERACTIVE HOUSTON YMCA The intention of this project is to get a better understanding of the net-worked systems flowing inside the city and to reorganize those systems. Our site sits beside the Buffalo Bayou of Houston. Although the site locates beyond the flood zone, the park in front of it is still a part of the flood control area of the whole bayou system. So how to connect the program and the natural landscape helping control the storm water runoff is one of the most important aspect of the design. Furthermore, parking in the site is another big challenge. The project requires 200 parking spots which take almost 50% of total building area. So how to deal with the relationship between parking and other facilities becomes another question to be considered.
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7m
4m
3m 2m
CONCEPT EXTEND Site
BAYOUS
Because of the low density and urban sprawl, Houston has generated a clear city characteristichorizontal. So height becomes one critical factor to let building stand out from its surroundings.
FLOOD PLAIN
FLOAT Site
Watershed Boundary Spotts Park Mem orial Park way Buffalo Bayou
Effective FEMA Floodplains Floodway 1% (100 year) 0.2% (500 year) FEMA Preliminary Floodplains Floodway 1% (100 year) 0.2% (500 year)
Our site is in the Spotts Park which located around the intersection of Memorial Drive and Heights Boulevard. The heavy traffic of Memorial Drive separates the park from the Buffalo Bayou waterfront. But the penetrative landscape of the park is still a part of the flood control area of the bayou.
PARKING
PROGRAMS
And our site is located in a corner of the park with a traffic intersection in front, which means beautiful downtown view and distinctiveness from distance. Vertical superposition of parking spaces and programs will minimize impact on natural environment and provide good views. Separate pedestrian and car circulation will ensure safety, while allowing them to exchange on every floor, which may generate different relationship between programs and parking as while.
Site
FLOW
22
SPATIAL ORGANIZATION Decrease the building footprint to allow landscape to flow through. Treat the ground floor and the entrance plaza as part of the park to help connect the artificial construction to the natural landscape. Locate sporting programs on top of the building with better views; put social and public functions at the bottom which are more convenient to access; while place lobby in between to connect those two parts. And then transform some of the public and service programs into ambulatory space to reinforce the connection in between. Identify different features of the multipurpose space (parallel connection parking layers). Those spaces allow different groups to temporarily occupy the area for their events, which not only make better use of the space but also enrich the characteristics of the building.
Swimming Pool
GYM + Aerobics/Spin/Yoga Office + Storage Locker Room + Rest Area Bar Fitness Equipment + Cardio Lobby
Meditation / Chapel + MTG Room Social Gathering
Children Watch + Dog Care N
STREET MINI LOBBY (1st FLOOR) 23
Street Mini Lobby
TYPICAL COMPONENT
PARALLEL CONNECTION The program is parallelized connected to the parking circulation. The program can change the size of parking area according to their spatial needs.
Program
3m
Height: 9m includes two programs, two series connection parking layers and one parallel connection parking layer in the middle which can be used as outdoor stage when parking retreat.
Series Connection Parking
3m
The program is seriate connected to the parking circulation. People can see what is happening inside the program when they passing by in their cars.
Parallel Connection Parking Multipurpose Space
3m
SERIES CONNECTION
Series Connection Parking
Program
Amphitheater
Exhibition/Party Space
Exercise Space
Vending Area
24
RELATIONSHIPS Vertical organization of parking spaces and programs allows them to have different relationships on each level. When people drive through the building looking for parking spots, they already get a general understanding about what’s going on inside programs. Such spatial organization prolongs the interface between visitors and events, and provides more opportunities for communication and interactions.
DOG CARE (3rd FLOOR)
CHILDREN WATCH (2nd FLOOR)
25
MTG ROOM (6th FLOOR)
FITNESS + CARDIO (9th FLOOR)
OFFICE + STORAGE (12th FLOOR)
SWIMMING POOL (15th FLOOR)
CHAPEL & MTG ROOM (5th FLOOR)
FITNESS + CARDIO (8th FLOOR)
LOCKER & REST AREA (11th FLOOR)
AEROBICS/SPIN/YOGA (14th FLOOR)
SOCIAL GATHERING (4th FLOOR)
LOBBY (7th FLOOR)
BAR (10th FLOOR)
GYM (13th FLOOR)
26
PROGRAMS People Circulation Dog Circulation
PARKING Car Circulation
RAINWATER Rain Water Collection Irrigation & Purification Secondary Pipeline Storage Cistern
GREEN Green Facade Landscape Penetrable Surface
27
SUSTAINABLE STRATEGY The parking part and program part have different faรงade systems. The parking part uses solar panels as vertical sun-shading which transform the sunlight to electricity and allow horizontal ventilation to blow away the vehicle exhaust on every floor. Green vegetables are planted in circumference to help reduce interior temperature and maintain comfortable humidity. And they also work as rainwater purification layer when harvesting rainwater during short or longer duration. But when flood occurs, the looping pipe is closed to protect plants; while the secondary pipe directly conducts storm water into the detention pond and let the natural wetland park slow down and purify the runoffs. The program part has double faรงade. Vertical ventilation passes through the space between two glass panels and provides flesh air to each space. Adjustable horizontal sun-shadings are also installed in this gap to block the strong sun-light during summer time.
Program
SOLAR(PROGRAMS)
RAINWATER HARVEST
Parking
Program
(PARKING)
(CLEAR DAY)
Parking
VENTILATION(PROGRAMS)
(SHORT DURATION)
Mesic Meadow Planting Erosion Control Fabric Growth Media Drainage Course Drainage Pipe Insulation Board
(PARKING)
RUNOFF CONTROL
(LONGER DURATION)
GREEN DETAIL
(FLOOD)
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29
STRUCTURE THINKING: MAIN & SUBSET LONG SPAN CABLE NET COMMUNITY CENTER Architectural Design Studio, University of British Columbia, Canada ARCH 501 A Culture of Making, 2009 Spring Term Tutor: Annabel Vaughan Site: Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2009 Type: Academic Page: 29 - 38
30
STRUCTURE THINKING: MAIN & SUBSET LONG SPAN CABLE NET COMMUNITY CENTER Long span structure systems always need partitions to separate subset spaces from main space. But cables and cable nets structure has the potential to generate continuous spatial sequence of subset spaces and main space because of the different heights of the net itself. However, cables and cable nets structure also has its limitation. In order to reach the height of the main space, the only practical solution is to subdivide the continuous roof into a patchwork of separate but coupled smaller canopies, supported at many points. So how to satisfy the structure needs and keep the continuity of the space at the same time becomes the key point of this design. 31
Main Space
Subset Space
STUDY Support Cable Guyer Mast Main Mast Mash Looped Ridge
Increasing the mast heights would give tighter curvature near the masts, exactly where it was not needed, but would leave the unsatisfactory flat perimeter areas unimproved. The only practical solution was to subdivide the continuous roof into a patchwork of separate but coupled smaller canopies, supported at many points and mostly curved to suitably tight radii.
ONE INNER SUPPORT
FOUR INNER SUPPORTS
FOUR OUTER SUPPORTS
TWO OUTER SUPPORTS
If we keep the supporting masts symmetrical and balance the force of the structure, the net gets more freedom for its shape which may lead to different subset space according to the spatial needs.
Pull
Pull
32
Up
Changing Room
Up
Up
Changing Room kitchen
Meeting room
Main entrance Foyer
Up
PLAN Shape of the space is determined by the different spacial need of the function. Main space is located in the middle surrounding by the other subset spaces. Circulation loops them together, which occasionally enlarged itself to create social gathering areas.
33
STRUCTURE
Surface Partition Teardrop Shape
In order to relieve the concentrated tension of the centre lifting point, a teardrop shape which reinforced by cable is used. The shape also helps to define the orientation of the space. When reverse this shape, anchor it to the ground, and change the single anchoring point to a circle, it becomes a partition which separate the main space and subset space with its volume and a part of foundation which connect the net to the ground at the same time.
34
A.
REFERENCE CIRCLES
B.
SEATS PLAN C.
D. A B C D E F G H
E.
F.
MASTER PLAN
SPACE
0m -3m Corridor
G.
H. 35
Washroom
Seats
Sport Field MAIN SPACE
SUBSET SPACE
Seats are used to help defining space. Circulations are organized on different levels. The main entrance for visitors is 3 meters underground with a half underground square and a covered exterior foyer in front, while the sub entrance for athletes and staffs is on the ground level of the other side.
36
KEY ELEMENT The key element is not only the main structure of the building which supports the tent and separates different functional spaces, but also a transition between the outside and inside space, which brings in natural light and guides ventilation into the tent covering area. 37
There are two basic methods to enclose the net. One is to cover the space by glass panels where the net meets the underground space, which brings nature light into the subset space underneath; the other is to enclose the area by vertical glass faรงade along the edge of the net on the ground level which opens the view and connects the interior with surrounding natural landscape. METHOD ONE
PTFE-Coated Glass Fabric Polycarbonate, Low-e Fabric
Glass
Steel Column
METHOD TWO
38
39
URBAN THINKING: TODAY & FUTURE SHEYANG WATER-DIMENSIONAL URBAN DESIGN Graduation Project, Tongji University, Shanghai, China Tutor: Yi Wang Site: Sheyang, Jiangsu, China, 2009 Partner: Sichao Dong Type: Academic Page: 39 - 46
40
URBAN THINKING: TODAY & FUTURE SHEYANG WATER-DIMENSIONAL URBAN DESIGN Sheyang is a mid-size city of Jiangsu province which locates along the east Chinese coastline. In order to meet needs of the city development, a new district is planned on the east of the old town. This strategy belongs to the saltant city development model which always leads to an etiolated area. So how to improve the original urban plan to satisfy the need of the future, while keeping a close relationship to the old town center, and to arouse the vitality of the new city, are the main issues we should considerate in the design.
41
Lian Yungang She Yang
Nan Jing Shang Hai Hang Zhou
CONCEPT The new urban district locates between the original town and the ecological island of Sheyang river, which is a famous vacationland for the surrounding cities. The plan offers the opportunity to connect those two areas and to inspire future development of the city. old town
Old Town
ORIGINAL URBAN PLAN
New District Ecological Island
REINFORCE URBAN AXIS (ARRANGE COMMERCIAL AREA)
Form the master plan, it is not hard for us to discover that the old town was planned according to the water network. Waterway along street is one of the most important characteristics of city, which also plays a significant role in the residents’ social lives. But in the new district, this factor seems lost. Therefore recover the water network and arrange public space long it become the start point of our design.
RECOVER NATURAL WATERWAY (ARRANGE SOCIAL AREA)
ENLARGE THE CONNECTION (FORM CONTINUOUS PUBLIC SPACE)
PREPARE FOR THE FUTURE
42
PLAN PEDESTRIAN STREET MALL MID-SIZE SHOPPING MALL SPORT AREA GOVERNMENT BLOCK CULTURE AREA WATER THEME PARK CENTRAL PARK CITY STADIUM
43
COMMERCIAL AREA
Public Facility Waterway
Gathering Space
Social Square
The major design part can be divided into three areas: commercial area, social area and central park. Commercial area is arranged along the vertical city axis. Human scale pedestrian shops are rhythmically placed near scenic water to create interesting walking space. High-rise office towers locate in the surrounding blocks helping to define the space. Public functions such as theater, art gallery show up occasionally to increase spatial rhythm. Central park sits at the intersection of the vertical city axis and horizontal waterway. The east part follows the arrangement of commercial area— large buildings are used to reinforce the feeling of axis. But the waterway is organized in natural shape with dispersed gathering space and small shops, which carries out the spatial transition to social area. SOCIAL AREA
CENTRAL PARK Enclosure
To Ecological Island Waterway
City Axis Waterway
Gathering Space
Gathering Space Enclosure Public Facility
The space along the waterway in social area is arranged loosely in order to create more gathering area for social activities. Water transportation is used in this area, which not only helps to increase accessibility, but also becomes another characteristic of the new city district. 44
CONSTRUCTION
SPACE
Small scale architectures are placed near the waterway surrounded by middle or large buildings. Such spatial arrangement makes full use of the waterfront, allowing natural space, ventilation and views to infiltrate into the city.
Commercial Area Office Area Public Facility Sport Area Culture Area Green Area
45
WATERWAY ALONG STREET
WATERWAY IN BLOCK
Waterway inside the block provides more opportunities to create quiet public space, which also generate interesting relationship between architectures and water.
Yacht Stop Water Transportation Hub W
46
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CULTURE THINKING: PAST & PRESENT SHANGHAI LANE AND FOLK MUSEUM Architectural Design Studio, Tongji University, Shanghai, China Tutor: Songcuo Dai, Zhong Ruan Site: Jingan District, Shanghai, China, 2007 Type: Academic Page: 47 - 54
48
CULTURE THINKING: PAST & PRESENT SHANGHAI LANE AND FOLK MUSEUM In this design, the unique site involving Shi Kumen houses (traditional residential building style of ShangHai) has some special requirement on the functions, which calls for the consideration of resolving certain frictions between the old and the current. The idea of the design is to exaggerate the differences between the past and the present—to use the new building to reflect the historical value of the old; at the same time, reuse some traditional fabrics and elements in the new design to emphasize the sense of the past. 49
Site
FOLLOW THE FABRIC
CITY FABRIC
BUILD THE FORM
ADD THE TERRACE
VIEW
LANE ARRANGEMENT
Shi Kumen house is one of the most important parts of the folk culture in Shanghai. Sitting on such a vital position, the museum is supposed to provide many stages for visitors to have a clear view and some close feeling of the traditions of Shanghai. Shi Kumen house also appears differently at different height. So various terrace of different levels will enhance the interest of visiting.
ELEVATION
DETAIL
RHYTHM
50
PLAN The museum accommodates the concept of lanes in its structure, consisting of main lanes and branches, which are used as pure circulation spaces. The corridor with stairs on one side serves as the main lane, while the branches follow the fabric of lane to complete a contextual connection. Meanwhile, the branches divide the museum into four parts, with each quadrant as an exhibition hall. The museum adheres to the same height as the surrounding old two-storied buildings on its north side, but ascends to its south, peaking at the street corner to a level of five storeys. That makes the museum stay in tune with the high-rises nearby and emerge from its short neighbors to become easily spotted. Yet, this north skewed structure will not cast too much shadow on the surrounding houses, benefiting the visitors as a terrace of viewing the antique lanes under foot. Those terraces have become a platform for the old shanghai to impress its visitors with its old lanes, which are to be viewed as an exhibit from different angles, forms and directions, but in the indifferent theme of “folk-custom�. 51
THE INNER MOST LAYER (Glasses with Images of Old Shanghai)
THE SECOND LAYER (Steel Structural frames in trapeziform pattern)
FACADE THE OUTERMOST LAYER (reflecting frosted glass in stagger pattern)
WESTERN FACADE
The façade design follows the idea that using the new building to reflect the historical value of the old. The west elevation is composed by reflecting semitransparent frosted glass, which is the representative of the modern industry. But, at the same time, the old lane house elevation on the other side of the road shows up on the museum’s façade because of the reflection of the light. The reflecting glass façade is divided into several parts by transparent glass when the branches meet the main lane, where passenger could see the interior space of the museum and the lane house behind the building.
52
BRANCH ONE (FIRE STAIR)
BRANCH TWO (REST AREA)
MAIN LANE (CIRCULATION CORRIDOR) BRANCH THREE (SECONDARY ENTRANCE)
SECTION In this design, the concept of Shi Kumen house fabric has also been applied to the vertical spaces. The corridor along the street is the main lane, reaching from the 8m high on the north to 30m high on the south. The branches cut through the main lanes in the form of platforms, which has greatly increased the sense of space. Series of atriums with different sizes form interesting interior spaces, making the fluency of the space and the crossing of different levels of eyesight some important characteristics of the museum.
53
INTERIOR The concept of interior space design also references to the Shanghai folk culture. The most outstanding character of the Shi Kumen house is its long narrow laneway. As for the Museum of Folk-custom of Shanghai, this kind of experience of the lane must be brought into our design from head to tail and from the inside to the outside. 54
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SOCIAL THINKING: PUBLIC & PRIVATE RESIDENTIAL PLANNING OF JANGWAN DISTRICT Architectural Design Studio, Tongji University, Shanghai, China Tutor: Zhenyu Li, Min Liu Site: Jingwan District, Shanghai, China, 2008 Type: Academic Page: 55 - 62
56
SOCIAL THINKING: PUBLIC & PRIVATE RESIDENTIAL PLANNING OF JANGWAN DISTRICT The site locates in the north-east corner of Shanghai—the Jiang Wan district, which is not only the largest wetland in Shanghai, but also the biggest residential area nowadays. This plan is at the centre of the district with public facilities for daily life of the whole area on the West and North. Therefore, how to deal with the relationship between the site and the Jiang Wan district and how to soften the tension between public and privacy are the problems that calls for consideration.
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OPEN CORNER
We focused on the spatial construction at the very beginning. We tried to make every block open to others at one of its corners to increase the chance of communication between them. That construction has brought out a delicate flash back which enlightened us with the idea of the successive space and the two main axes and their quality.
PEDESTRIAN SPACE
VEHICLE CIRCLE
TWO AXES
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LANDSCAPE
Square Program
Vehicle Paved Road Pedestrian
PUBLIC SPACE
CIRCULATION
The buildings in this residential area are all aligned north to south; meanwhile, they form different angles with the north-south axis in small groups. This special design ensures enough sunlight in winter for every family. Furthermore, interesting spatial rhythm therefore exists, and each family can have a share of the view of the beautiful public green space on the west from their own balcony. 59
PLAN
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This line serves the people from other residential areas nearby accessing the commercial area on the north. We use symbols and squares here to create serial space from inside the community all the way to the riverside, which enhance the penetration into the surrounding environment. And that active square is also designed to be the communicating conjunction for surrounding communities.
PUBLIC Commercial Area
Video Room
Youth Center Restaurant
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Green Space
Restaurant
Senior Center Restaurant
Book Shop Cafe
PRIVATE This line serves as the space of activity for residents. It provides people with sunshine enriched man-scale squares connected by plants. It connects with the public line at certain places, helping to finish the sensational transfer from public to private.
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VISUAL THINKING: SEE & BE SEEN CLOVER TEAHOUSE Architectural Design Studio, Tongji University, Shanghai, China Tutor: Guangping Qi, Tianwei Mo Site: San Haowu, Tongji University, Shanghai, China, 2005 Type: Academic Page: 63 - 66
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SQUARE OF INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS’ CAFETERIA
SAN HAOWU
VISUAL THINKING: SEE & BE SEEN CLOVER TEAHOUSE In this design, the site is located near the San Haowu of the TongJi University. From south, it is a pleasurable natural view; but from north, the square of the international students’ cafeteria is always full of noisy crowds. So how to synchronize the views from the customers of the teahouse and that of the people passing by is the main topic of this design. I chose to use the form of the table-flap. Through folding the structures I created doors, windows, tables and even the floor. And out of this, I built up a kind of relationship between the sights from inside the building and that from the surroundings. 65
Oh... what a nice day!!
ORIGINAL BOX
LARGE HANGING TABLES (Allow Sunlight and Natural View)
SMALL TATAMI TABLES (Block View and Cause Curiosity)
GROUND/DOOR/BAR
Let’s go to teahouse, There are a lot of people there now!!
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GENDER THINKING: MAN & WOMAN GENDERLESS WASHROOM Gold Award of “CREATIVE M50” National Design Competition 2007, Shanghai, China Tutor: Guangping Qi, Zhenyu Li Partner: Mengtong Zhao, Zhibin Chen, Fengxin Xi, Jiaqi Zhang Site: Shanghai, China, 2007 Type: Competition Page: 67 - 70
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GENDER THINKING: MAN & WOMAN GENDERLESS WASHROOM In crowded place, we often see such things happen: there is a long queue outside the ladies’ washroom, while the gentlemen’s washroom stays empty. Guided by the attempts to solve such a problem, we finally got the following design. The inspiration comes from the drawer. In the case that the closets are fixed, we did some delicate changes to the ways of opening doors to maximize the usage of available closets. So that the same closet can serve either gender but still keep their circulation separated. This design inherits the advantages of both traditional and genderless washroom but creates its new features. 69
PROBLEM
ATTEMPT
SOLUTION
DRAWER IDEA
A single unit is composed of two parts: one fixed and the other movable. The toilet is placed in the fixed part. A lady or a gentleman can enter this closet by pulling or pushing the movable part. This design is highly adaptable and capable of future development. The unit can be easily produced and transported to the site to assemble. Two basic connection methods can be applied to yield all kinds of variations to satisfy the need of enlarging or rebuilding in different situation.
FIXED PART
CORNER CONNECTION
MOVABLE PART
UNIT
LINEAR CONNECTION
MAN’S AREA MAN USING MAN ENTERING
WOMAN’S AREA WOMAN USING WOMAN ENTERING
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RELATION THINKING: INTIMATE & STRANGE MOVEABLE CITY CHAIR “City Chair” Design Competition 2005, Shanghai, China Tutor: Zhongcai Shi Site: Shanghai, China, 2005 Type: Competition Page: 71-74
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STREET GARDEN PARK SUBWAY
RELATION THINKING: INTIMATE & STRANGE MOVEABLE CITY CHAIR Public seat is the one of the most important factors to catalyze the social interactions in city. But there are many different kinds of relationship between the users, such as strangers, friends, families or loners. So how to design a chair which can properly serve all is the start point of this design.
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370
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260
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540
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PART ONE (moveable)
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PART TWO (fixed)
The idea comes from the pattern of traditional Chinese lattice window. Through changing the assembling method, the chair can be adjusted to different functional requirements. The two component parts can be used separately as seats and table, or work together as a whole.
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COUPLE
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PERSONAL
EXPERIENCE
Name: Miss LEI Dan Date of Birth: Jun, 6th, 1986 Address: 2848, West 23rd AVE, Vancouver, BC, Canada Tel: +1 7788592613, +86 18637931173 Email: iceert_0606@hotmail.com URL: http://www.coroflot.com/DanLei_portfolio
INTERNSHIP 2011.05. - 2011.07. Atelier FCJZ, Beijing, China
EDUCATION 2012.05. MASTER DEGREE of ARCHITECTURE School of Architecture and Landscape Architecture, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada 2009.06. BACHELOR DEGREE of ARCHITECTURE College of Architecture and Urban Planning, TongJi University, Shang Hai, China AWARDS
Residential Area Planning and Building Design 1:10 Office Building Portion Model Marking
2009.04. - 2009.06. HPP architekten, Shanghai Office, Shanghai, China Residential Area Design Development Campus Planning
2008.10. - 2009.03. gmp (von Gerkan, Marg und Partner Architekten), Shanghai Office, Shanghai, China Office Building Design Development Toilet and Stair Construction Drawing
2008.09. - 2008.10. Tongji Urban Landscape Planning & Design Institute Shanghai Yeyuan Landscape Design Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China Resort Planning Street Façade Renovation of Historical Tourism Town
RESEARCH 2006.06. - 2008.11. National University Student Renovation Project Living Expressions -- The Alternate Lighting System for Apartments
COMPETITION 2007.12. Gold Award for CREATIVE M50 2007 Our project “genderless washroom” is the only one got the gold award for creative M50 in 2007 from more than 500 competitors. I was the leader of the five-member team. “Creative M50” is one of the most important competitions to select and encourage creative young people in China. The company hopes though choosing, exhibiting, practicing and carrying out the projects to promote young people to grow up and hold the role of Chinese creator.
2007.07. - 2007.08. Historical Building Preservation Project Survey historical buildings in Shuangfeng Town, Loudi, Hunan Province, China
OTHERS 2008. Organization Member of Shanghai SIFE (Students in Free Enterprise) Competition Attended the daily preparation of SIFT competitions Cooperated with other universities, companies and related technology departments to provide technological and financial aid to entrepreneurial students
2007. Minister of Public Relation Department of Tongji Association of Pioneers Managed a team of 10 members publicizing and promoting outreach activities Organized courses of lectures on career building
2008.04. Second Class Award for EXPO-Housing Creativity Competition My project “Free Living” won the second class award. Expo-Housing creativity competition is hold by ShangHai urban construction science institute among collages in ShangHai. The main aim of the competition is to select good concept, look for creative young people and collect ideas for EXPO even the future development of the city.
ACADEMIC 2011 Winter Session the Arthur Hullah and Dorothy Cleveland Memorial Scholarship #944, UBC 2008 - 2009 Academic Year the Second Class Scholarship for Graduates, Tongji University 2007 - 2008 Academic Year the First Class Collegiate Scholarship, Tongji University the Second Class Xiachi Coop. (Japan) Scholarship, Tongji University 2006 - 2007 Academic Year the First Class National Scholarship, Tongji University the First Class Collegiate Scholarship, Tongji University the First Class Qingying Coop. Scholarship, Tongji University the First Class Xiachi Coop. (Japan) Scholarship, Tongji University 2005 - 2006 Academic Year the Third Class Collegiate Scholarship, Tongji University
2006. Member of Ceremonial Waitress Team Attended university conferences as ceremonial assistant Provided oral English translation to foreign visiting professors
SKILLS LANGUAGE English, Chinese
EXPERTISE Hand drawing, Sketch, Watercolor 2D Graphic AutoCAD, Illustrator, Photoshop, InDesign 3D Modeling Rhino (Grasshopper), 3Dmax, SketchUp (VRay)
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