Urban planning analysis of city of london

URBAN PLANNING PROJECT City of London-UK

:Done by Dalal A. M. Alhourani -201210747 Muna Fahed AbouFayad -201310898 Nada Marwan Aldadah -201210749 Asala Mohamed Abdulhadi -201211436

L O N D N

HISTORY OF LONDON ď‚Ą It was the Romans who were responsible for the city we know today as London. They invaded Britain in AD43, and soon afterwards founded the city of Londinium. It is thought that the original city was small - about the size of Hyde Park!

he development in london during specific historical periods

GREATER LONDON COVER APPROXIMATELY 600 SQUARE MILES MOST OF IT BUILT OVER THE LAST HUNDRED YEARS

HERE WE SEE THE FIRST ROAD NETWORK, BUILT OVER 2000 YEARS AGO WHICH EXTENDED ACROSS ENGLAND

PRECIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL FINDS HAVE BEEN PROTECTED SHOWN HERE IN THE CITY IN THE RED COLOUR

AND HERE THE WHOLE OF GREATER LONDON IN YELLOW

IN THE 5TH CENTURY THE ROMANS LEFT BRITAIN AND INVADING SAXONS CREATED A NEW PORT TO THE WEST

ISOLATED FARMSTEADS WERE BILT IN THE COUNTRYSITE BEYOND

FROM THE 9TH CENTURY LONDON GREW UP AGAIN WITH THE ROMANS WALLS AND DEVELOPED ON SAXON NETWORK OF WINDING ROADS

THIS MAP OF LONDON DISTRICTS, WAS INTENDED TO BE USED AS A GRAND “MASTERPLAN” OF HOW A POST LONDON COULD LOOK

MAPS OF LONDON

MAPS OF LONDON

MAPS OF LONDON

3D MAP OF NEW LONDON

OPEN SPACE PROVISION - RESIDENTS

Open space provision – Office Workers

LONDON – SOUTHWARK LAND-USE

LONDON – SOUTHWARK BORDERS

LONDON – SOUTHWARK ZONES DIVISION

Commercial Education

Religiou s

Land zoning Residentia l

Medical Cultural

B

A RIVER

RIVER

COMMERCIAL

COMMERCIAL

RESIDENTAL

RESIDENTAL MPT CULTURAL SERVICES HOSPITAL

C

D RIVER COMMERCIAL RESIDENTAL MPT

RIVER COMMERCIAL RESIDENTAL MPT

CULTURAL

CULTURAL

SERVICES

SERVICES

HOSPITAL

HOSPITAL PARK

LONDON TRANSPORTATION History: London has an extensive and developed transport network which includes both private and public services. Journeys made by public transport systems account for 25% of London's journeys while private services accounted for 41% of journeys. London's public transport network serves as the central hub for the United Kingdom in rail, air and road .transport

CURRENT TRAVEL PATTERNS IN LONDON

Cycling-

CURRENT TRAVEL DEMAND IN LONDON Bar chart shows the average number of trip in London 20 15 10 5 0

rail

underground DLR

Diagram showing the percentage of popular transportation

Bus & tram

taxi

cycling; 2% waalking; 24%

private motorised transport; 43%

public transport; 32%

car

motorcycle

: TYPES OF PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION Busses: ( 1 London's iconic double-decker buses are a quick, convenient and cheap way to travel around the city, with plenty of sightseeing opportunities along .t h e w a y

:Cross rail ( 2

:London Underground ( 3

:Docklands Light Railway ( 4 The Docklands Light Railway (DLR) is an automated light rail system serving the Docklands area of east London. It complements the London Underground, largely sharing its fares system and having a number of .interchanges with it

The Tram link is a tram and light rail system in ( South London. It operates in the Boroughs of Croydon and . Merton and has 39 stations

Tram link:

Heavy rail:

London is the focal point of (

6

the British railway network, with 18 major stations providing a combination of suburban, intercity, airport and international services; 14 of these stations are termini and 4 are through .stations and two others are both

Operators:

unlike the Underground, (

8

which is a single system owned and operated by Transport for London, commuter railways in London are run by a number of separate train . operating companies (TOCs)

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cycling(9

Over one million Londoners own bicycles , it’s cheaper and oft en much quicker than .other public transport There are bicycles for rent all over the city

Generally-

2006

2013 cycling; 5%

cycling; 2% walking; 24%

private motorised transport; 37%

walking; 25% private motorised transport; 43%

public transport; 34%

public transport; 31%

London transportation ticket prices Cheapest one

Expensive one /region transportation ..From London to

train

plane

car

coach

1995

2015

Cheapest prebooked

Return flight

Cheap est prebooke d

Return cost

Open return

Manchester

96

329

40

94

86

250

39.50

Liverpool

93

309

40

525

152

264

39.50

Cardif

70

218

37

441

198

181.20

37.70

57

197

30

206

142.80

34

Birmingham Bristol

55

Glasgow

130

Nottingham Leeds Newcastle Edinburgh

168 361

12 65

362 n/a 82

143 39

59

160.50

24.20

313

168

124

308

58

110

62

96

130

249 313

37.40 85.50

189 80

106 36

151.20

21.30

494.40

55.20

234

39.80

154.80 338.40 496.80

38.80 48.60 51.30

POPULATION DENSITY OF LONDON The Greater London Authority estimated its population to be 8.63 million in 2015, the largest of any municipality in the European Union, and accounting for 12.5 percent of the UK population. London's urban area is the second most populous in the EU, after Paris, with 9,787,426 inhabitants according to the 2011 census. The city's metropolitan area is one of the most populous in Europe with 13,879,757 inhabitants, while the Greater London Authority states the population of the cityregion(covering a large part of south east England) as 22.7 million. London was the world's most populous city from .around 1831 to 1925

POPULATION DENSITY OF LONDON The map shows population density by usual place of residence, at the scale of 1km2Â grid cells. The height of the grid cells also displays residential .population density

POPULATION DENSITY OF LONDON Circle sizes proportional to urban area population 2011.

Peak statistics are highest 1km2 grid cell value within urban areas. Urban areas defined as continuous .areas of density

London is a relatively low-density city by the standards of major global cities.

More than a third of its land is classified as “green space” (and this excludes private gardens). With a population density of 15,300 people per square .mile, it’s one of the least dense major urban areas in the world

VA RYI NG G R OWT H A ND D ECLI NE IN T HE P OPU LAT ION OF THE L OND ON BOR OU GHS O VER THE P ER I OD 1 93 9 TO 2 011

PROPORTIONAL GROWTH OVER THE PERIOD 1939 TO 2011

POPULATION DENSITY

Low population density

Medium population density High population density

OVERCROWDED HOUSEHOLDS ACROSS LONDON IN 2011

OVERCROWDED HOUSEHOLDS ACROSS LONDON IN 2011

OVERCROWDED HOUSEHOLDS ACROSS LONDON IN 2011

URBAN DEVELOPMENT OF LONDON

POPULATION ESTIMATES FOR EACH OF THE LONDON BOROUGHS BETWEEN 2011-2030

SUGGESTED GROWTH AREAS IN 2050

Suggested growth areas

Development of London

Development of London WHY LONDON ISN’T AS OVERCROWDED AS YOU ?THINK

London has embarrassing abundance of personal space comparing to the world major cities, so London decided to not build high rise buildings to let the density distribute all around London not just in the center, so having high rise buildings would stop distributing them around London so they .decided to build only low and mid rises

Tallest buildings in London are few and not more than 300m

References 1

http://now-here-this.timeout.com/2015/02/06/infographic-why-london-isnt-as-overcrowde

2

https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2014/mar/12/london-skyscrapers-shard-gherk

3 4 5 6

d-as-you-think/ in-architecture https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_and_structures_in_Londo n#/media/File:Tallest_buildings_in_the_United_Kingdom.png https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_and_structures_in_London http://www.sustainablecitiescollective.com/futurecapetown/249211/ almost-2000-years-making-london-s-evolution Online book The “City of London Open Space Strategy� https://, Guildhall www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/services/environment-and-planni

8

ng/planning/heritage-and-design/Documents/openspace-strategy-spd-2015.pdf http://www.visitlondon.com/traveller-information/getting-around-london/london-transport#ljMKvt

9

http://logos.wikia.com/wiki/Docklands_Light_Railway

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