URBAN PLANNING PROJECT City of London-UK
:Done by Dalal A. M. Alhourani -201210747 Muna Fahed AbouFayad -201310898 Nada Marwan Aldadah -201210749 Asala Mohamed Abdulhadi -201211436
L O N D N
HISTORY OF LONDON ď‚Ą It was the Romans who were responsible for the city we know today as London. They invaded Britain in AD43, and soon afterwards founded the city of Londinium. It is thought that the original city was small - about the size of Hyde Park!
he development in london during specific historical periods
GREATER LONDON COVER APPROXIMATELY 600 SQUARE MILES MOST OF IT BUILT OVER THE LAST HUNDRED YEARS
HERE WE SEE THE FIRST ROAD NETWORK, BUILT OVER 2000 YEARS AGO WHICH EXTENDED ACROSS ENGLAND
PRECIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL FINDS HAVE BEEN PROTECTED SHOWN HERE IN THE CITY IN THE RED COLOUR
AND HERE THE WHOLE OF GREATER LONDON IN YELLOW
IN THE 5TH CENTURY THE ROMANS LEFT BRITAIN AND INVADING SAXONS CREATED A NEW PORT TO THE WEST
ISOLATED FARMSTEADS WERE BILT IN THE COUNTRYSITE BEYOND
FROM THE 9TH CENTURY LONDON GREW UP AGAIN WITH THE ROMANS WALLS AND DEVELOPED ON SAXON NETWORK OF WINDING ROADS
THIS MAP OF LONDON DISTRICTS, WAS INTENDED TO BE USED AS A GRAND “MASTERPLAN” OF HOW A POST LONDON COULD LOOK
MAPS OF LONDON
MAPS OF LONDON
MAPS OF LONDON
3D MAP OF NEW LONDON
OPEN SPACE PROVISION - RESIDENTS
Open space provision – Office Workers
LONDON – SOUTHWARK LAND-USE
LONDON – SOUTHWARK BORDERS
LONDON – SOUTHWARK ZONES DIVISION
Commercial Education
Religiou s
Land zoning Residentia l
Medical Cultural
B
A RIVER
RIVER
COMMERCIAL
COMMERCIAL
RESIDENTAL
RESIDENTAL MPT CULTURAL SERVICES HOSPITAL
C
D RIVER COMMERCIAL RESIDENTAL MPT
RIVER COMMERCIAL RESIDENTAL MPT
CULTURAL
CULTURAL
SERVICES
SERVICES
HOSPITAL
HOSPITAL PARK
LONDON TRANSPORTATION History: London has an extensive and developed transport network which includes both private and public services. Journeys made by public transport systems account for 25% of London's journeys while private services accounted for 41% of journeys. London's public transport network serves as the central hub for the United Kingdom in rail, air and road .transport
CURRENT TRAVEL PATTERNS IN LONDON
Cycling-
CURRENT TRAVEL DEMAND IN LONDON Bar chart shows the average number of trip in London 20 15 10 5 0
rail
underground DLR
Diagram showing the percentage of popular transportation
Bus & tram
taxi
cycling; 2% waalking; 24%
private motorised transport; 43%
public transport; 32%
car
motorcycle
: TYPES OF PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION Busses: ( 1 London's iconic double-decker buses are a quick, convenient and cheap way to travel around the city, with plenty of sightseeing opportunities along .t h e w a y
:Cross rail ( 2
:London Underground ( 3
:Docklands Light Railway ( 4 The Docklands Light Railway (DLR) is an automated light rail system serving the Docklands area of east London. It complements the London Underground, largely sharing its fares system and having a number of .interchanges with it
The Tram link is a tram and light rail system in ( South London. It operates in the Boroughs of Croydon and . Merton and has 39 stations
Tram link:
Heavy rail:
London is the focal point of (
6
the British railway network, with 18 major stations providing a combination of suburban, intercity, airport and international services; 14 of these stations are termini and 4 are through .stations and two others are both
Operators:
unlike the Underground, (
8
which is a single system owned and operated by Transport for London, commuter railways in London are run by a number of separate train . operating companies (TOCs)
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cycling(9
Over one million Londoners own bicycles , it’s cheaper and oft en much quicker than .other public transport There are bicycles for rent all over the city
Generally-
2006
2013 cycling; 5%
cycling; 2% walking; 24%
private motorised transport; 37%
walking; 25% private motorised transport; 43%
public transport; 34%
public transport; 31%
London transportation ticket prices Cheapest one
Expensive one /region transportation ..From London to
train
plane
car
coach
1995
2015
Cheapest prebooked
Return flight
Cheap est prebooke d
Return cost
Open return
Manchester
96
329
40
94
86
250
39.50
Liverpool
93
309
40
525
152
264
39.50
Cardif
70
218
37
441
198
181.20
37.70
57
197
30
206
142.80
34
Birmingham Bristol
55
Glasgow
130
Nottingham Leeds Newcastle Edinburgh
168 361
12 65
362 n/a 82
143 39
59
160.50
24.20
313
168
124
308
58
110
62
96
130
249 313
37.40 85.50
189 80
106 36
151.20
21.30
494.40
55.20
234
39.80
154.80 338.40 496.80
38.80 48.60 51.30
POPULATION DENSITY OF LONDON The Greater London Authority estimated its population to be 8.63 million in 2015, the largest of any municipality in the European Union, and accounting for 12.5 percent of the UK population. London's urban area is the second most populous in the EU, after Paris, with 9,787,426 inhabitants according to the 2011 census. The city's metropolitan area is one of the most populous in Europe with 13,879,757 inhabitants, while the Greater London Authority states the population of the cityregion(covering a large part of south east England) as 22.7 million. London was the world's most populous city from .around 1831 to 1925
POPULATION DENSITY OF LONDON The map shows population density by usual place of residence, at the scale of 1km2Â grid cells. The height of the grid cells also displays residential .population density
POPULATION DENSITY OF LONDON Circle sizes proportional to urban area population 2011. Peak statistics are highest 1km2 grid cell value within urban areas. Urban areas defined as continuous .areas of density
London is a relatively low-density city by the standards of major global cities. More than a third of its land is classified as “green space” (and this excludes private gardens). With a population density of 15,300 people per square .mile, it’s one of the least dense major urban areas in the world
VA RYI NG G R OWT H A ND D ECLI NE IN T HE P OPU LAT ION OF THE L OND ON BOR OU GHS O VER THE P ER I OD 1 93 9 TO 2 011
PROPORTIONAL GROWTH OVER THE PERIOD 1939 TO 2011
POPULATION DENSITY
Low population density
Medium population density High population density
OVERCROWDED HOUSEHOLDS ACROSS LONDON IN 2011
OVERCROWDED HOUSEHOLDS ACROSS LONDON IN 2011
OVERCROWDED HOUSEHOLDS ACROSS LONDON IN 2011
URBAN DEVELOPMENT OF LONDON
POPULATION ESTIMATES FOR EACH OF THE LONDON BOROUGHS BETWEEN 2011-2030
SUGGESTED GROWTH AREAS IN 2050
Suggested growth areas
Development of London
Development of London WHY LONDON ISN’T AS OVERCROWDED AS YOU ?THINK
London has embarrassing abundance of personal space comparing to the world major cities, so London decided to not build high rise buildings to let the density distribute all around London not just in the center, so having high rise buildings would stop distributing them around London so they .decided to build only low and mid rises
Tallest buildings in London are few and not more than 300m
References 1
http://now-here-this.timeout.com/2015/02/06/infographic-why-london-isnt-as-overcrowde
2
https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2014/mar/12/london-skyscrapers-shard-gherk
3 4 5 6
d-as-you-think/ in-architecture https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_and_structures_in_Londo n#/media/File:Tallest_buildings_in_the_United_Kingdom.png https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_and_structures_in_London http://www.sustainablecitiescollective.com/futurecapetown/249211/ almost-2000-years-making-london-s-evolution Online book The “City of London Open Space Strategy� https://, Guildhall www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/services/environment-and-planni
8
ng/planning/heritage-and-design/Documents/openspace-strategy-spd-2015.pdf http://www.visitlondon.com/traveller-information/getting-around-london/london-transport#ljMKvt
9
http://logos.wikia.com/wiki/Docklands_Light_Railway
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