RSA Everyday Well-Being

RSA Human Well-Being

Research Book

Prepared by: Daniel Low Yik Mun Tutor: Colum Leith

Color Wheel Predicts Mood In recent series of experiments, researchers found that depressed people tended to feel more “gray” than “blue,” whereas healthy or happy people tended to feel some shade of yellow.

Researchers from the University of Manchester and University Hospital South Manchester in England say they’ve developed a color chart that can be used to study the type of color that relates to a person’s state of mind.

“Colors are frequently used to describe emotions, such as being ‘green with envy’ or ‘in the blues,’” Peter Whorwell, professor of medicine and gastroenterology at University Hospital of South Manchester, said in a statement. “Although there is a large, often anecdotal, literature on color preferences and the relationship of color to mood and emotion, there has been relatively little serious research on the subject.”

Writing in the open access medical journal, “BMC Medical Research Methodology,” researchers said the Color Wheel provides a unique way of asking patients about their condition that dispenses with the need for language.

People with anxiety and depression are most likely to use a shade of gray to represent their mental state. Researchers writing in the open access journal BMC Medical Research Methodology describe the development of a color chart, The Manchester Color Wheel, which can be used to study people’s preferred pigment in relation to their state of mind.

The researchers created a wheel of colors of various intensities, including shades of gray. They then asked a control group of non-anxious, non-depressed people to describe which color they felt most “drawn to,” which was their favorite and whether any of the colors represented their current mood. When the test was repeated with anxious and depressed people, most chose the same drawn to color as the healthy participants, yellow, and the same favorite color, blue. When asked which color represented their mood, however, most chose gray, unlike the healthy subjects who

typically chose a shade of yellow.

A separate group of healthy volunteers were also asked whether they associated any of the colors with positive or negative moods.

“When we used these results to separate colors into positive, negative and neutral groups, we found that depressed individuals showed a striking preference for negative colors compared to healthy controls,” Whorwell added. Anxious individuals gave results intermediate to those observed in depression, with negative colors being chosen more frequently as well as positive colors being chosen less frequently than in the control test.”

CONCEPTS OF COLOR

BROWN: In food service, browned foods are perceived as hearty and appetizing. In décor, brown adds a sense of stability and structure.

WARM COLORS - Such as reds, oranges, and yellows advance, seem larger and add warmth.

WHITE: In food service, white represents good sanitation and freshness.

In décor, it represents a clean, classic look and also a look for the future.

COOL COLORS - Such as blues, some greens, and purples recede, seem smaller and add coolness.

BLACK: In food service, black decreases the appetite, but can add a sense of elegance and sophistication to the presentation. In décor, black is a color of power, drama, mystery and sophistication.

RED: In food service, red increases the appetite and will influence guests to eat more, pay more for their food and stay longer. In décor, red adds warmth, energy and excitement. It is also a color of love and sensuousness.

ORANGE: In food service, orange also increases the appetite, but at the same time it creates movement and influences guests to eat quickly and move on. In décor, orange is a welcoming, friendly color, but can indicate inexpensive to the viewer.

YELLOW: In food service, certain shades of yellow add cheerfulness to the plate. In décor, yellow gives warmth and shows friendliness.

GREEN: In food service, green denotes healthy, fresh food. In décor, green says wealth, health, balance and comfort.

BLUE: In food service, blue decreases the appetite. In décor, blue gives the feeling of trust and acceptance. Eighty percent of all Americans claim blue as their favorite color.

PURPLE: In food service, purple generally decreases the appetite, especially the darker shades. However, the lighter shades of purple indicate trendiness. In décor, purple says creative, unusual, and different.

PINK: In food service, pink works to make food taste sweeter. In décor, pink adds a sense of femininity and softness.

GRAY: In food service, gray is not an appetizing color. In décor, gray denotes respectability, exclusivity, and quality.

GOLD AND SILVER: Denotes expense, wealth, glitz and glitter.

LEAST FAVORED COLOR TRANSLATION

Depressed mood could be lifted by color of nightlight

IF YOU DISLIKE RED -- YOU ARE: Peaceful, Helpful, Friendly, Kind, Casual, Comfortable to Be With.

Scientifically speaking, ‘feeling blue’ could have some literal meaning now that researchers have found that our moods could be affected by the color of nighttime light we are exposed to. And if your nightlight is blue, you may want to switch it to red.

IF YOU DISLIKE ORANGE -- YOU ARE: Logical, Thinking, Organized, Honest, Somewhat Conservative, A Communicator.

IF YOU DISLIKE YELLOW -- YOU ARE: Somewhat Sensitive, Somewhat Emotional, Spiritual, Unusual, A Goal Setter, Achiever.

IF YOU DISLIKE GREEN -- YOU ARE: Self Assured, Assertive, Risk-Taker, Have Strong Opinions and Emotions, A Decision Maker, Physical.

IF YOU DISLIKE BLUE -- YOU ARE: Enthusiastic, Thoughtful, Good Negotiator, Considerate of Other’s Feelings.

IF YOU DISLIKE PURPLE -- YOU ARE: Innovative, Bright, Cheerful, Like to Experiment and Keep Busy.

IF YOU DISLIKE PINK -- YOU ARE: Logical, Analytical, Traditional, Business Oriented, Focused.

IF YOU DISLIKE GRAY -- YOU ARE: Sunny, Bubbly, Fun, Approachable, Gentle.

IF YOU DISLIKE BROWN -- YOU ARE: Free Spirit, Searching, Exotic.

IF YOU DISLIKE WHITE -- YOU ARE: Powerful, Sophisticated, Sensuous, Dramatic.

IF YOU DISLIKE BLACK -- YOU ARE: Hopeful, Love Life, Innocent, Endearing, Sometimes Artistic.

The study published in The Journal of Neuroscience comes from Ohio State University, and it had researchers giving different colors of light for hamsters to live under. The scientists wanted to determine the effects that certain hues would have on state of mind in mammals, giving clues to the effects in us.

The results were that: Blue light elicited the worst response against mood-related measures White light had similar effects but less severe Red light produced decidedly fewer signs of depression.

The researchers note that total darkness was the only light scenario that produced better mood measures in the hamsters than red light.

Hamsters on the night shift To conduct their study, the researchers exposed the hamsters to 4 weeks each of four different lighting conditions: no light, dim red light, dim white light (like that of normal light bulbs), dim blue light. During this time, the scientists collected information that is used to check for “depressive-like symptoms,” such as sugar-water consumption.

Red light Researchers found that red light produced fewer signs of depression than blue light If the hamsters drank an amount of sugar water that was considered lower than normal, this was evidence of a mood shift. The hamsters kept in the dark drank the most, while those in white or blue light drank the least.

Additionally, the researchers analyzed the hippocampus area of the hamsters’ brains in order to study the density of their dendritic spines - hairlike bits on brain cells that send chemical messages from cell to cell.

The Color of Light at Night Effect on Mood

Prof. Randy Nelson, co-author of the study, notes that depression has been linked to dendritic spines with a lowered density.

What color is your — or your child’s — nightlight? It’s fairly well established that exposure to blue light at night leads to difficulty in getting to sleep because it lowers melatonin production.

The hamsters who were exposed to blue or white light had dendritic spines that were much less dense than those of the hamsters who stayed in complete darkness or were exposed to red light.

Blue light can also affect mood and set the stage for depression, according to a recent Ohio State University study. Better to go for something at the red end of the spectrum.

Prof. Nelson says:

In the study, which was done on hamsters, exposure to dim light at night of other colors, especially blue, led to symptoms of depression.

“In nearly every measure we had, hamsters exposed to blue light were the worst off, followed by those exposed to white light. While total darkness was best, red light was not nearly as bad as the other wavelengths we studied.”

The researchers add that different colors are simply lights with varying wavelengths, and that ipRGCs are more sensitive to blue wavelengths and less sensitive to red ones. This may be a contributing factor for why the hamsters were affected by the varying colors.

Prof. Nelson adds that the findings “suggest that if we could use red light when appropriate for night-shift workers, it may not have some of the negative effects on their health that white light does.”

Tracy Bedrosian concludes: “If you need a night light in the bathroom or bedroom, it may be better to have one that gives off red light rather than white light.”

The researchers believe their findings are significant for humans, especially those exposed to artificial light at night, such as night-shift workers.

Special photosensitive cells in the retina, called ipRGCs, which are not a major component of vision but can detect light and send messages to the brain, play a role in regulating the body’s circadian rhythms, say the researchers. They point to other studies that suggest these light-sensitive cells also send messages that can affect mood and emotions.

Adult female Siberian hamsters were exposed to four weeks each of nighttime conditions with no light, dim red light, dim white light or dim blue light. Researchers then checked the hamsters for depressive symptoms.

“Considering how many light sources people today are exposed to at night, the best news may come from another study by the same researchers…”

Hamsters, like many people, have a sweet tooth and when given sugar water as a treat, will lap it up. Ignoring sugar water when it’s offered is taken as a sign of depression. After the four-week study, hamsters exposed to dim blue or white light drank the least sugar water. Those that were kept in the dark drank the most, closely followed by those exposed to red light.

The researchers then looked for changes in the hippocampal region of the brains of the hamsters. And the hippocampi of hamsters that spent the night in dim blue or white light had significantly fewer dendritic spines than those that spent the night in total darkness or in red light. Dendritic spines are hairlike growths on brain cells that are used to send chemical messages from one cell to another. A decrease in dendritic spines has been linked to depression.

In fact, in nearly every measure of mood looked at, hamsters exposed

to blue light were the worst off, followed by those exposed to white light.

While total darkness was best, red light was not nearly as bad as light of other colors.

Results found in hamsters don’t always predict what will happen in people. But the researchers do believe that their findings may be meaningful for people. And if they are, they may prove even more important for shift workers than for nightlight users. Several studies have found links between shift work and depression and other mood disorders. Shift workers, who usually work in light much brighter than a nightlight, might benefit substantially from a switch to red light.

Considering how many light sources people today are exposed to at night, the best news may come from another study by the same researchers which found that the depression caused in hamsters by four weeks of dim white light at night disappeared two weeks after the nighttime light exposure ended.

Colorful offices For a lot of people, work can be a dreary experience. Added to that are drearily designed offices that magnify the dreariness at multiples as high as 100x. Luckily, someone invented color a few thousand years ago, which has the effect of giving all who lay eyes on it a little extra pep in the step. Then, someone took the radical approach of adding color to the office.

How Color Affects Our Mood It you think of the way we describe certain emotions (seeing red, feeling blue, green with envy), there’s no denying that color and mood are inextricably linked. Slip on a tailored LBD and you instantly feel chic and sexy or pop open a sunny yellow umbrella on a gloomy day and some of that sunniness will undoubtedly rub off on you.

There are several reasons why colors are able to influence how we feel.

“We react on multiple levels of association with colors -- there are social or culture levels as well as personal relationships with particular colors,” explains Leslie Harrington, executive director of The Color Association of The United States, which forecasts color trends. “You also have an innate reaction to color. For example, when you look at red, it does increase your heart rate. It is a stimulating color. This goes back to caveman days of fire and danger and alarm.”

You also have learned certain associations with color, such as red making your heart race since it’s linked with fire trucks and ambulances (in other words, alarm) or yellow having positive association simply because it was the color of your beloved grandmother’s kitchen. “As you get older, you become much more conscious of those learned reactions than the innate ones,” adds Harrington.

Jeannie Mai, who hosts “How Do I Look?” on the Style Network and who recently paired up with Yoplait Light to encourage women to make simple swaps (from giving your clothes a boost of color to swapping out unhealthy eating habits), is a firm believer in the ability of clothes to boost your mood. She calls it “wearapy.” “Therapists treat people with mood disorders,” she says. “I use clothing and texture to enhance people’s moods and their lives.

On a bleak day it would be so easy to throw on a pair of jeans and a slouchy sweater, but I throw on something from spring -- a green mini skirt, fun fringe booties and a sweater with evening jewelry. That makes an impression on everyone around me, but it also makes me feel cute.

And when you feel cute, you feel better. You can channel the different

moods you want with different colors.”

Feel like changing your frame of mind for the better? Play around with these colors when picking out your clothes, makeup and accessories: Seeing Red Red is the hot, crazy girl of colors, evoking powerful emotions such as fear, anger and passion. “Red would be one of the most complicated colors,” says Harrington. Unlike, say, yellow, which is sunny whether it’s a pale or bright version of the shade, the mood red conveys changes dramatically when you lighten it (sweet and innocent pink) or darken it (sophisticated burgundy).

Although research shows that the best way for a single gal to attract a guy’s attention is to wear red, you may be garnering attention you don’t necessarily want. “There’s a reason they call it the red light district,” notes Harrington. Adds Andrew Elliot, Ph.D., professor of psychology at the University of Rochester: “We link red to passion because red is the color we exhibit on our skin when sexually interested -- a red flush or blush.”

Rather than having your outfit scream “sex kitten” (unless that’s what you’re going for), the best way to rock this passion-producing color and get into a sexier frame of mind is by carrying a red clutch, donning a bright red polish on your nails (try Essie Well Red) or lining your lips in the right red. “Red lips can be your best accessory, especially if you’re wearing all black,” says Harrington. “You have to be confident to do it and have the right shade of red for your skintone.”

A Calming Case of the Blues Need to chill out after a stressful day? Slip on something blue. “Psychologically, blue is the opposite of red -- it lowers blood pressure,” says Harrington. “Red picks you up and blue takes you down, but not down to depression level.” That may be because if you look to nature, such as the sky and the ocean, blue conveys tranquility. That’s also what you project when wearing the shade. “I encourage women to wear blue when they want to create a calming essence,” says Mai. “Wear it on a first date -- something turquoise or a light aqua sweater with a soft texture like cashmere. It makes a great a first impression and creates relaxation.”

Another beneficial time to make blue your go-to hue? If you’re going for a job interview or meeting your partner’s parents for the first time. “Blue is associated with trustworthiness, strength and dependability -- hence, the blue power suit because it projects that image of dependability and trustworthiness,” says Harrington.

It’s Easy Being Green From grass to leaves to other verdant vegetation, the color green is closely linked to the environment, which can put you in a relaxed or refreshed mood. “There is some tentative evidence emerging in the literature showing that green is relaxing because it is associated with growth and nature,” says Elliot. Green also looks good on every skin type and has a wide range of shades that allow you to modify your mood -- from serious and sophisticated to fresh and bright.

“Green ranges from old traditional English libraries in a dark hunter green where you can sit down, concentrate and read to a spring-like yellow-based green, which symbolizes new birth or new growth -- the beginning of something,” explains Harrington.

Anything-But-Mellow Yellow Yellow carries both positive and negative connotations -- from sunshine, which conveys a joyous, happy mood to jaundice and sickliness, according to Harrington. In Mai’s experience, wearing the bright, fun color helped her stand out and put people at ease. “Wearing yellow creates a very open atmosphere with people,” she says. “When I was a reporter on Extra, if I was going to meet a celebrity who was a bit standoffish I found that wearing yellow would bring a smile to their demeanor right away. It’s an inviting color.”

That said, going overkill on yellow can leave you looking like a walking banana so Harrington recommends investing in yellow accessories instead to give you that same uplifting boost, such as a bright yellow clutch, scarf or even a pale yellow blouse under a sweater or suit. But keep in mind that not everyone can pull off this bright shade. “Skin with yellow undertones have a hard time with the color,” says Harrington, “and blue undertones can only wear certain shades of yellow so it’s hard to find the shade that looks good on, compared to navy, which anyone can wear.”

Orange You Glad You Wore It This highly popular color marries the sunniness of yellow with red’s depth.

In fact, orange is the perfect substitute if you’re not comfortable seeing red. But the color is by no means ho-hum -- orange evokes action.

“Orange is much more of a casual, active color—it’s big in active wear— whereas red is much more sophisticated,” explains Harrington. The perky shade is your best bet when you want to rev yourself up so you can hit the gym or channel creativity for a work project. “Orange is said to stimulate enthusiasm and creativity,” says Mai. “It symbolizes vitality and endurance.”

It’s also the color to choose when you want to stand out without taking a big risk. That’s because orange is considered a little edgy without be too “out there.” “If you’re going to buy a pocketbook and it comes in red, orange and yellow, yellow will be the biggest statement while almost everyone has a red bag,” says Harrington. “Orange is in the middle. It says, ‘have a little more fun and be a little different but not too different.

Because of that, you see a lot more orange colors showing up in cosmetics.”

The rich color is associated with royalty and luxury, according to Mai. “Anytime you need to feel confident and regal, such as for a job interview, wear purple,” she says. If you have a young-looking face and want to appear more sophisticated, make purple your go-to color to help you look more mature, suggests Mai. Back in Black Having a “fat day”? Slipping into something black makes you look five pounds slimmer -- instantly improving your mood. “We all know what happens when you put on black jeans versus white jeans -- it’s slimming,” says Harrington. But the darkest shade of all can affect how you feel in two other distinctly different ways: Wearing black can be a downer (think funerals) or make you feel trés chic (think Audrey Hepburn in “Breakfast at Tiffany’s”). Although in old movies, the villain always wore black, over the years the color has become more associated with high class -- black limousines, patent leather shoes and elegant black tie affairs, according to Harrington.

Black is clearly the go-to color when you want to look more regal and formal. “It can be very elegant”” says Mai. “Every woman needs an LBD. It plays everything else down so you stand out. It lets you shine.”

MEdia experimentation

COLOR TEST QUESTIONS/surveys

INfograhics research

MENTAL HEALTH STATISTICS

20% MENTAL ILLNESS

OVER

OF YOUNG ADULTS HAVE A

1 in 4 British adults experience at least one diagnosable mental health problem in any one year.

About Mental Health Mental Health affects us all. How we think and feel about ourselves and our lives impacts on our behaviour and how we cope in tough times.

DID YOU KNOW?

Whether we call it well-being, emotional welfare or mental health, it’s key to living a fulfilling life.

It affects our ability to make the most of the opportunities that come our way and play a full part amongst our family, workplace, community and friends. It’s also closely linked with our physical health.

1 in 6 experiences this at any given time.

Although mental disorders are widespread, serious cases are concentrated among a relatively small proportion of people who experience more than one mental health problem.

What is Mental Health?

Some people call mental health ‘emotional health’ or ‘well-being’ and it’s just as important as good physical health.

Mental health is everyone’s business. We all have times when we feel down or stressed or frightened. Most of the time those feelings pass. But sometimes they develop into a more serious problem and that could happen to any one of us.

Everyone is different. You may bounce back from a setback while someone else may feel weighed down by it for a long time.

Your mental health doesn’t always stay the same. It can change as circumstances change and as you move through different stages of your life.

There’s a stigma attached to mental health problems. This means that people feel uncomfortable about them and don’t talk about them much. Many people don’t even feel comfortable talking about their feelings. But it’s healthy to know and say how you’re feeling.

It is estimated that approximately

450

million people worldwide

have a mental health problem.

If you're in good mental health, you can: Make the most of your potential Cope with life Play a full part in your family, workplace, community and among friends

What are Mental Health Problems?

Mental health problems range from the worries we all experience as part of everyday life to serious long-term conditions. The majority of people who experience mental health problems can get over them or learn to live with them, especially if they get help early on.

Mental health problems are usually defined and classified to enable professionals to refer people for appropriate care and treatment. But some diagnoses are controversial and there is much concern in the mental health field that people are too often treated according to or described by their label. This can have a profound effect on their quality of life. Nevertheless, diagnoses remain the most usual way of dividing and classifying symptoms into groups.

Most mental health symptoms have traditionally been divided into groups called either ‘neurotic’ or ‘psychotic’ symptoms. ‘Neurotic’ covers those symptoms which can be regarded as severe forms of ‘normal’ emotional experiences such as depression, anxiety or panic. Conditions formerly referred to as ‘neuroses’ are now more frequently called common mental health problems.’

Less common are ‘psychotic’ symptoms, which interfere with a person’s perception of reality, and may include hallucinations such as seeing, hearing, smelling or feeling things that no one else can.

Mental health problems affect the way you think, feel and behave.

They are problems that can be diagnosed by a doctor, not personal weaknesses.

Mental health problems are very common. About a quarter of the population experience some kind of mental health problem in any one year.

Anxiety and depression are the most common problems, with around 1 in 10 people affected at any one time. Anxiety and depression can be severe and long-lasting and have a big impact on people’s ability to get on with life.

Between one and two in every 100 people experience a severe mental illness, such as bi-polar disorder or schizophrenia, and have periods when they lose touch with reality. People affected may hear voices, see things no one else sees, hold unusual or irrational beliefs, feel unrealistically powerful, or read particular meanings into everyday events.

The Most Common Mental Health Problems

DEPRESSION Almost

9%

of people meeting criteria for diagnosis.

Between

8-12%

of the population experience depression in any year.

1 in 4 will experience some form of mental health problem a YEAR

Average number of global suicide per year

1,000,000

Anxiety and Depression Combined is the most common mental disorder in the UK About half of people with common mental health problems are no longer affected after 18 months, but poorer people, the longterm sick and unemployed people are more likely to be still affected than the general population.

Depression can last for DAYS

1 in 5

become depressed at some point

3

times more likely for a male to commit suicide in the UK

WEEKS MONTHS

YEARS

THE FACTS ON SUICIDE

More women are affected by depression than men

That’s ONE death every 40 SECONDS.

Suidice rates have increased 60% in the last 45 YEARS.

Total number of suicides in England & Wales in 2011

4,871

MALE FEMALE

3,701 1,170

Total number of suicides a day in England & Wales in 2011

13

SUICIDES A DAY / 1 EVERY 2 HOURS

10 3

MALE FEMALE

Total suicides attempted

THERE IS ALWAYS HELP.

to

for

It’s estimated 12 to 25 suicides are ATTEMPTED for every ONE that succeeds.

ALCOHOLISM

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

Alcohol is the oldest and most widely used drug in the world. Millions of people consume alcohol each day.

IN THE US, 15 MILLION PEOPLE ARE CURRENTLY AFFECTED BY ALCOHOL ABUSE OR DEPENDENCY.

15,000,000

What is PTSD? PTSD is a severe anxiety disorder caused by exposure to frightening, confusing or distressing events. Experiencing dangerous combat is one of the most common triggers of this condition. Someone with the disorder is likely to relive the traumatic event through nightmares and flashbacks; they may experience feelings of isolation, irritability and guilt.

About 5.2 million adults suffer from PTSD during a given year.

HALF OF ALL FREQUENT BINGE DRINKERS REPORT HAVING FIVE OR MORE ALCOHOLRELATED PROBLEMS DURING SCHOOL YEAR. DRINK BUT DO NO BINGE.

20 TIMES THE RATE AS STUDENTS WHO

About 7-8% of people in the US will have PTSD at some point in their lives.

1,825

ALCOHOL IS A FACTOR IN 28% OF COLLEGE DROPOUTS.

EVERY YEAR ABOUT COLLEGE STUDENTS BETWEEN AGES OF 18 AND 24 DIE FROM UNINTENTIONAL ALCOHOL-RELATED INJURIES.

About 10% of women develop PTSD sometime in their lives, compared with only 5% of men.

Note of interest

What are symptoms of PSTD? 25% OF COLLEGE STUDENTS WHO DRINK CANNOT REMEMBER WHERE THEY WERE OR WHAT THEY DID WHILE DRINKING.

6% OF COLLEGE STUDENTS ARE CONSIDERED ALCOHOL DEPENDENT.

TREATMENT FOR DEPENDENCY MAY INCLUDE A NUMBER OF PILLS.

NALTREXONE

DISULFIRAM

BLOCKS THE EUPHORIA FROM ALCOHOL

TAKES A MORE PUNISHING ROUTE. WHEN IT’S IN THE SYSTEM AND ALCOHOL IS CONSUME, IT PRODUCES NAUSEA, VOMITING AND HEADACHES.

EVERY YEAR 599,000 ARE UNINTENTIONALLY INJURED WHILE UNDER THE INFLUENCE

WHILE NO POSITIVE EFFECTS HAVE BEEN FOUND FOR ALCOHOLISM, STUDIES HAVE SHOWN NUMEROUS HEALTH BENEFITS FROM MODERATE DRINKING. 35% LOWER HEART DISEASE RATE

85% BETTER RESISTANCE TO THE COMMON COLD

21-28% LOWER RISK OF DEATH

Numbness Bad Memory Nightmares Insomnia

Guilts Hopelessness No Focus Hallucinations

Anger Self- Destruction Shame Flashbacks

What causes PSTD? Direct exposure to trauma as a victim or witness.

Serious harm during a traumatic event.

Feeling helpless during a traumatic event.

Belief that you or a close relative were in danger during a traumatic event.

Experience a trauma that was long lasting or very severe.

one of the first descriptions of PTSD was made in 490 BC, when herodotus described an Anthenian soldier going blind after witnessing the death of a fellow soldier.

How is PTSD treated?

- There is no specific medication for PSTD but psychotropic drugs have been shown to reduce symptoms.

- The most common treatment is counseling and psychotherapy often provided by a social worker.

- Social workers held those who suffer from PSTD address their feelings and guide them to further resources.

Eating Disorders What are eating disorders?

You may be diagnosed with an eating disorder if your eating habits threaten your health and happiness or threaten the health and happiness of the people who care for you.

The most common eating disorders are anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. These affect about 2% of adult females and some men.

Both are serious mental health problems and anyone experiencing them needs a great deal of help and understanding.

Americans with eating disorders

Betting Scene in UK Why do we gamble?

People gamble for a whole range of reasons including the buzz, the excitement, and the high adrenaline release. The competitive element that trying to beat other players, the bookie, or the dealer. The thrill of risk taking, of placing a large bets. Some to solve financial problems or just a way of escaping from stress or worries.

£5.8billion

13 million binge eat

£0.2billion

The British Gambling Industry generated a gross revenue of £5.8 billion.Thats a rise of 4% this was generated remotely.

12% ofThats

£717 million.

10 million women battle anorexia or bulimia

Football worth

1 million men battle anorexia or bulimia

Horses Casinos

Dieting industry

$40 billion a year

=

400 million

18% overall

37% among men

119% among children under 12 years old

570 million

is on of the most popular remote betting activities.

£97.6m Dogs £6.3m 52%

Grew by 52% with Slots being the most popular sector with a growth of 87% .

80% of all 10 year olds are afraid of being fat

£19m is the total revenue of remote Casinos with Slots accounting for £11.4m of this.

40% of all 1st through 3rd grade girls want to be thinner

14.6m Accounts

monthly Weight Watchers passes

Eating-disorder related hospitalizations

-or-

£281m

boxes of Alli (weight-loss drug)

Children

The total amount of user accounts across all setors. An increase of 3%

Active

4m

New

3.8m

secondary research

LIGHT PROJECTION MAPPING