Doccumentation to Masterthesis Project by Daniela Hoffrichter

DRIVE A new perspective for parking in Manhattan. Bauhaus Universit채t Weimar Masterthesis SoSe 2014 Daniela Hoffrichter

Masterthesis Project inspired by the “Poor but beautiful Competition”. -By Combo Competitions

Author: Daniela Hoffrichter

Tutors: Vertr. Prof. Dr. Steffen de Rudder | Chair of Urban Design I Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Dipl.-Des. Bernd Rudolf | Chair of Bauformenlehre Prof. Dr. phil. Adél Gyimóthy | Chair of Landscape Architecture

STATUATORY DECLARATION Herewith I, Daniela Hoffrichter (Register 112300), declare to have authored this Master Thesis Project independently, employing no other than the properly stated sources and resources. This also applies to drawings, sketches and illustrations, as well as internet sources.

Weimar 19. 08. 2014

CONTENTS. He

rzog & De Meuron TASK

RESEARCH

DESIGN PROCESS

DESIGN PROPOSAL

READINGS AND REFERENCES

â&#x20AC;&#x153;In recent years there has been an increase in cycling as well as train travel, but the car is still the transport mode that keeps having the biggest impact on how cities are shaped. Parking Garages are generally seen as a necessary evil, and built as cheaply as possible. Problem is, since they are by nature large structures located in central areas of cities, they often become an eyesore for the general public.â&#x20AC;? Combo Competitions.

TASK The challenge of the competition is to design a multi-story parking garage in the Hudson Yards Redevelopment Area in Manhattan, NYC. The structure should integrate a secondary desired function into the building. This alternative use should make clear how and why it contributes to the overall design and its surrounding area.

something neglected into something celebrated.

The design should be placed in the current area of redevelopment, as a welcoming structure, integrated with the surrounding streetscape and serving a greater purpose for all those not using it to accomodate their car. The main goal of the Project is to develop an architectural solution and urban planning concept that transforms 5

RESEARCH Herzog & De Meuron THE CAR CULTURE IN THE UNITED STATES

SONGS: CELEBRATING THE CAR CULTURE

CHANGE IN MENTALITY: AMERICANS ARE DRIVING LESS

PARKING GARAGES: A NEW PERSPECTIVE: 1111 LINCOLN ROAD LES YEUX VERTS FESTSPIELGARAGE ERL NORDAWN PARKING HOUSE MOUNTAIN DWELLINGS P + R DE UITHOF BORDEAUX CAR PARK MARINA CITY

19 20 23 26 29 32 35 38 41

TRANSIT MEANS OF TRANSPORTATION

PARKING

PARKING GARAGE

1900 8,000 cars.

1920 8 million cars. MAYNARD, 2014)

2010 1 billion cars.

2030 more than 2 billion cars.

MAYNARD, 2014)

(Source: http://www.andysinger.com)

increased speeds and more vehicles. In 1950 there were 25 million registered automobiles, the majority of which were made pre-World War II, and by 1958 there were a total of 67 million registered (ASSOCIATED PRESS, 2014)

The United States, with its broad expanses and suburban ideals, had long been one of the world’s prime car cultures.

Through the tremendous increase in car sales and popularity, automobiles became the American obsession. Americans wished to do everything possible without leaving their beloved automobiles. New categories of businesses were created to support this car fever, including drive-through and drive-in restaurants and drive-in movie theaters.

The crucial step towards the Automobile Age in the U.S was taken in 1913, with the introduction of the assembly-line production, by Henry Ford.

“America was the car and the car was America.” Cars provided freedom, conveied status and expressed personality. (ROSENTHAL, 2013)

Mr. Ford developed and manufactured the first automobile, affordable for many middle class Americans. In doing so, he converted the automobile from an expensive luxury item into a practical conveyance. His lauch of the Model T automobile revolutionized transportation and American industry, resulting in profound impact in the landscape.

This car culture strongly influenced the popular music from the 50s and the 60s. The majority of Songs, sang by many musicians, big at that time, like the Beach Boys, Prince and Wilson Pickett, portrayed and celebrated the freedom and exuberance that cars provided back then.

THE CAR CULTURE IN THE UNITED STATES.

Rising car ownership after the Second World War freed developers from having the need to build homes within walking distance of public transport, shops and services; and at the same time, government investment in road building, and changes in planning policy and development economics helped make the car the primary mode of transport (ROSENTHAL, 2013). The National Highway System was expanded beginning in 1955, with wider, multi-lane highways to allow for 11

Portrait of Drive-in Movie Theater in the 50s.

Mels drive-in (Scene from the Movie American Grafitti - 1973).

(Source: http://driveinusa.com)

(Source: http://www.theguardian.com)

Mustang Sally - Wilson Pickett “Mustang Sally, think you better slow your mustang down. Mustang Sally, think you better slow your mustang down. You been running all over the town now. Oh! I guess I’ll have to put your flat feet on the ground. All you want to do is ride around Sally, ride, Sally, ride. All you want to do is ride around Sally, ride, Sally, ride. All you want to do is ride around Sally, ride, Sally, ride. One of these early mornings, oh, you gonna be wiping your weeping eyes. I bought you a brand new mustang ‘bout nineteen sixty five Now you come around signifying a woman, you don’t wanna let me ride. Mustang Sally, think you better slow your mustang down. You been running all over the town now. Oh! I guess I’ll have to put your flat feet on the ground. All you want to do is ride around Sally, ride, Sally, ride. All you want to do is ride around Sally, ride, Sally, ride. All you want to do is ride around Sally, ride, Sally, ride.”

(Source: http://www.metrolyrics.com)

Fun Fun Fun - The Beach Boys. “Well she got her daddy’s car And she’s cruisin’ through the hamburger stand now Seems she forgot all about the library Like she told her old man now And with the radio blasting Goes cruising just as fast as she can now And she’ll have fun fun fun ‘Til her daddy takes the T-Bird away (Fun fun fun ‘til her daddy takes the T-Bird away) Well the girls can’t stand her ‘Cause she walks looks and drives like an ace now (You walk like an ace now you walk like an ace) She makes the Indy 500 look like a Roman chariot race now (You look like an ace now you look like an ace) A lotta guys try to catch her But she leads them on a wild goose chase now (You drive like an ace now you drive like an ace)

‘Cause we gotta a lot of things to do now (You shouldn’t have lied now you shouldn’t have lied) And we’ll have fun fun fun now that daddy took the T-Bird away (Fun fun fun now that daddy took the T-Bird away) And we’ll have fun fun fun now that daddy took the T-Bird away (Fun fun fun now that daddy took the T-Bird away) (fun fun now that daddy took the T-Bird away) (fun fun now that daddy took the T-Bird away) (fun fun now that daddy took the T-Bird away) (fun fun now that daddy took the T-Bird away) (fun fun now that daddy took the T-Bird away (fun fun now that daddy took the T-Bird away)”

And she’ll have fun fun fun ‘Til her daddy takes the T-Bird away (Fun fun fun ‘til her daddy takes the T-Bird away) Well you knew all along That your dad was gettin’ wise to you now (You shouldn’t have lied now you shouldn’t have lied) And since he took your set of keys You’ve been thinking that your fun is all through now (You shouldn’t have lied now you shouldn’t have lied) But you can come along with me

(Source: http://www.metrolyrics.com)

Little Deuce Coupe - The Beach Boys. Little deuce Coupe You don’t know what I got Little deuce Coupe You don’t know what I got Well I’m not braggin’ babe so don’t put me down But I’ve got the fastest set of wheels in town When something comes up to me he don’t even try Cause if I had a set of wings man I know she could fly She’s my little deuce coupe You don’t know what I got (My little deuce coupe) (You don’t know what I got)

to steer When I get rubber in all four gears She’s my little deuce coupe You don’t know what I got (My little deuce coupe) (You don’t know what I got) She’s my little deuce coupe You don’t know what I got (My little deuce coupe) (You don’t know what I got) She’s my little deuce coupe You don’t know what I got

Just a little deuce coupe with a flat head mill But she’ll walk a Thunderbird like (she’s) it’s standin’ still She’s ported and relieved and she’s stroked and bored. She’ll do a hundred and forty with the top end floored She’s my little deuce coupe You don’t know what I got (My little deuce coupe) (You don’t know what I got) She’s got a competition clutch with the four on the floor And she purrs like a kitten till the lake pipes roar And if that aint enough to make you flip your lid There’s one more thing, I got the pink slip daddy And comin’ off the line when the light turns green Well she blows ‘em outta the water like you never seen I get pushed out of shape and it’s hard

(Source: http://www.metrolyrics.com)

decay of the inner cities in the 1970s.

CHANGE IN MENTALITY: AMERICANS ARE DRIVING LESS.

The modern american society has been shaped around the car. Most cities in the U.S have been built to suit the car and driver behaviour. Cars have been the reason behind everything: from transportation infrastructure to the suburbs and shopping centers. The car, and the allure of the open road, came to represent the very essence of America: freedom, individuality and mobility. According to Kevin Boyle (Professor of history at Northwestern University): -“What the automobile industry did was literally transform the way people interacted with each other, the way they viewed space and the way they used space. There was no need to build upward, because you could build outward.” Although the number of vehicles rose in america, since their “big boom” in the 50s and 60s, driving has been in decline since the beginning of the 21st century. (MAYNARD, 2014) That makes us wonder: what happened between the golden age of the automobile and today? The car culture, along with the vanity of the automobile, brought some attention and worries about Air polution, the decline of public transit and the

Todays economy (rise in oil prices and car costs) together with social shifts (millenials and teens showing little interest in owning a car or getting their licenses), Web innovations (more people connected through the internet), and environmental concerns (GHC emissions, climate change) have caused Americans to start rethinking their dependence on automobiles and opt for other ways to get around. Many americans, specially millennials, are currently moving back to the cities (suburbs-to-city trend), reversing the suburban exodus, common after World War II, when city centers were considered unconfortable and associated with ill health. High density downtowns are becomming exciting. Urban cores are expanding due to their overall diversity and alternate options when it comes to public transportation. Their new and mostly young residents are looking for other ways to get around, without necessarily having to own a car. ( The average cost of a new car is above 31,000 dollars). They are multimodal. Research by the American Public Transportation Association shows that more than 10.65 billion trips were taken on public transit in 2013 in the United States and that vehicle miles traveled are growing at a slower pace than transit, up 22.7 percent against 37.2 percent, since 1995. (MAYNARD, 2014). The millennial consumer group, that belives in the Smartphone being as liberating as a car once was for their parents, is reshaping the United States. Staying connected and exploring the world without leaving the couch has become a priority over owning a car. Why drive across town if you can chat with 16

friends over facebook? Loosing the web connection or staying offline has become a nightmare. Only about 40% of millennials substitute texting, email and video chats for meeting up with friends in person. (MAYNARD, 2014) Todays Society resides in an overwhelming environment, smothered by a huge number of various activities and work. One leaves to work early in the morning, fights traffic for an hour getting to the office, leaves work late and gets stuck in traffic for one hour more or even longer. There is no time left to read a book, socialize or listen to music. This is when public transport comes in handy, it allows you to work and socialize while you commute. Why drive and spend two ours stuck in traffic when one can take the subway and read the newspaper, write an email, organize an event over facebook or meet some friends on the way? Web and mobile innovations are making way for new transportation services enabled by technology, such as car-sharing, bike-sharing and ridesharing. Zipcar, as an example, is a carsharing initiative, that allows car rental by the hour or day. The service has nearly over 1 million members, and cars are available in big cities like Chicago, New York, Los Angeles, Houston and universities ranging from Arizona State to the University of Michigan. -”We’re making it exciting and fun and aspirational to not own a car.” Mark Norman (Zipcar’s president). According Zipcar’s statistics the average city driver can save more than 500 dollars a month by giving up his car and using a Zipcar during the hours when he actually needs one (MAYNARD, 2014).

Bike-sharing, one of the most

public ways to get around, is also a very well accepted trend. Members in the bike sharing programm pay an annual fee (60 - 100 dollars), which enables the users to ride the bike for 30 minutes at a time. Riders that dont have memberships can purchase day passes. In New York city, the Citi Bike system has hit seven million miles traveled in September 2013, less than four months after it started. (MAYNARD, 2014) Byking, walking, skating, ridesharing, or taking public transport, all these new options have made americans reconsider the way they commute. The trend is to “drive-light”: viewing the car as part of the transportation portfolio, but not as the main priority when going around. Shifts in demographics and lifestyles showed that for the first time in 50 years, the number of families in the United States without a car went up. The number of car-free families hit an all-time low of 8.7% in 2007. But in 2011, the number of car-free families rose to 9.3% (1 of every 10 families). That wasn’t just individuals, but households, so it’s possible that the number of people who live car-free is higher than 9.3% of the population. (MAYNARD, 2014) To drive a car or own one has become a choice. Automobiles have turned from an expensive “nice-to-have” instead of a “have-to-have”, but still, despite the new alternatives of travel, many americans cannot imagine their lifes without a car. To families who live in Suburbs, outside the city and far from work, in areas with no connection to public transport, the idea of not having a car becomes unfeasable. American policymakers are coming to favor “smart growth” policies in order to try to reduce this “having-no-other-optionbut-the-car”. They are trying to alleviate congestion through denser urban livingi 17

and mixed-use neighborhoods that allow residents to meet more needs by walking, biking, and using transit, and lessening the need to travel far for work. Cars are not going to disappear from the streets and daily lives in the blink of an eye. The American population is not going to move immediately to not needing a car, but conventional wisdom about commuting is changing rapidly. The needs of residents, shoppers and workers are being placed above the needs of the passing motorist and the car. -â&#x20AC;?If you plan cities for cars and traffic, you get cars and traffic. If you plan for people and places, you get people and places.â&#x20AC;? Fred Kent (Founder of Project For Public Spaces). Place making contributions are being put ahead of highway and road investments. Driving is becoming more difficult, but those who wish still to keep their cars can do so and shouldnt be completely condemned. People who want to catch the bus are free to take public transit. However one wishes to arrive at the forseen destination: Car, Bike, bus or on ones own feet, americans now have the freedom of choice when it commes to mobility.

PARKING GARAGES: A NEW PERSPECTIVE (PROJECT REFERENCES) Parking Garages, where the vehicle rests for most of the day, are also places of transformation. Here, the Driver turns into the pedestrian, and the pedestrian becomes the driver. (KLEINMANNS, 2001). Yet, these structures are designed with no human, aesthetic and integrative considerations. These gigantic sets of â&#x20AC;&#x153;concrete shelvesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;, in most cases, share little to no connection with their surroundings, causing disruption in the existing urban fabric,in most of american cities. Current Car Park design, as shown by the examples that follow, has been changing the common perception towards these barely functional structures. Parking facilities are becomming more appealing to the eye, promoting urban interaction and turning parking into a real experience, for both the driver and pedestrian.

1111 LINCOLN RD. (Miami, U.S) (2005 - 2010). Herzog & De Meuron

(Source: http://www.archdaily.com)

(Source: http://www.1111lincolnroad.com)

(Source: http://www.archdaily.com)

(Source: http://www.1111lincolnroad.com)

The Parking facility, designed by architects Herzog and Demeuron, is an addition to the Lincoln Road Open Mall in Miami Beach, U.S. It consists of an bold open structure, which provides its visitors with great views of the city, more air and light. The height differences (from standard parking height to double or triple the height) enable not only parking, but other permant uses, such as living and retail, as well as temporary. Several uses allow people to hang out and enjoy all parts of the building. The facility may host parties, fashion shows and concerts. The staircase, usually enclosed, is here wide and centered, offering a panoramic circulation for pedestrians. Driving, as well as walking through the garage, become an experience at 1111 Lincoln Road, Both driving and walking through the garage are an experience, differentiating it from just another black box for hosting cars.

(Source: http://www.archdaily.com)

LES YEUX VERTS. (SOISSONS, FR.) (2010). Jacques Ferrier Architecture

(Source: http://www.dezeen.com)

The parking facility, part of an business park, designed by Jacques Ferrier Architects hosts 600 cars and is composed of a concrete structure and galvanized-steel framework. It is clad in vertical timbers, varying in angle and spacing, to create an undulating facade, giving the car park a strong image within the town’s urban fabric. On each level, a slit opens up in the timber envelope to provide views from the inside over the urban landscape of the town. From the outside, these “green eyes” open widely to reveal hanging gardens that delicately spread into the surrounding façade. For orientation within the garage, the signage from a series of 10 photographic images was created. This allows users to mentally associate the area where their cars are parked with an atmosphere, a sensation and a visual reference point.

(Source: http://www.dezeen.com)

FESTSPIELGARAGE ERL. (ERL, AT) (2012). Kleboth Lindinger Dollnig

“Visitors to the Festspiele Erl should have the feeling that the garage is something like the start ramp of the event.” – Gerhard Dollnig.

(Source: http://www.archdaily.com)

FIRST FLOOR PLAN (Source: http://www.archdaily.com)

(Source: http://www.archdaily.com)

(Source: http://http://www.archdaily.com)

The challenge given to the Kleboth Lindinger Dollnig studio was to design a multistorey car park for the Tyrolean Festival site, keeping the views across the landscape without disruption. The garage develops a unique character. Seen from the south it is very carefully embedded in the landscape, from the north, however, it is clearly visible. The sloping ground enables separate entries and exists to each parking level. No ramps are needed to acess the different parking levels. The structure of the facility is given by criss-crossing concrete columns, placed on its surroundings. Gaps inbetween these columns permit views inside the structure. A skin of steel mesh will encourage plants to grow around the facade. (Source: http://www.archdaily.com)

NORDAWN PARKING HOUSE (COPENHAGEN, DK) (2015). Park ‘n’ Play JAJA Architects

(Source: http://www.dezeen.com)

PROPOSED FACADE (Source: http://www.dezeen.com) AXONOMETRIC DIAGRAM (STAIRS) (Source: http://www.dezeen.com)

The Nordhavn parking house is still a concept to be developed by 2015. This project is based on a standard, pre-defined concrete structure. The concrete frame is used as the basis for a staggered pattern of planting boxes that wrap around the building .The goal is to enhance the beauty of the structural grid while breaking up the scale of the massive faรงade as well as keeping the cars from sight. Stairs rise from the ground floor across the long sections of the car park. A handrail will follow the staircase as it ascends across the facade and then continue when it reaches the roof, transforming into an architectural feature that unites the various leisure spaces and play areas. As well as connecting playgrounds featuring swings and climbing structures, the rooftop railing will incorporate fences and plants to help provide sheltered spaces for relaxing. (Source: http://www.dezeen.com)

MOUNTAIN DWELLINGS (COPENHAGEN, DK) (2008). BIG

(Source: http://www.dwell.com)

The program of the Mountain Dwellings project by BIG is devided in 1/3 living and 2/3 parking. The lot runs along the Metro tracks in Orenstaden, and to keep the noise away from the Houses they were positioned upwards, while cars remain at the base. The parking area wanted to be connected to the street while the residences wanted sunlight, fresh air and views. By combining the two programs, all apartments were able to have a sun filled roof garden, amazing views and parking on the same level as the apartment. The building is always entered through the garage. Residents can drive up to their floor, then cross a suspended industrial metal-clad concrete gangplank to reach their hallway. The enoourmous parking area contains 480 parking spots and a sloping elevator that moves along the mountainâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s inner walls. In some places the ceiling height is up to 16 meters, which gives the impression of a cathedral-like space. The north and west facades are covered by perforated aluminum plates, which let in air and light to the parking area.

(Source: http://www.dwell.com)

P+R DE UITHOF (UTRECHT, NL) (2013). PARK + RIDE FACILITIES ON UNIVERSITY CAMPUS DE UITHOF KCAPArchitects & Planners

(Source: http://www.kcap.eu)

FLOOR PLAN (Source: http://www.kcap.eu)

The parking facility, designed by KCAPArchitects & Planners, is located at the exit of the highway A28, in the University Campus De Uithof. It houses 2000 parking places for public and private use and a bike shelter with place for 200 bikes. The 10 storey building serves as a transfer to the HOV(fast public transport), connecting the university directly to the city center. To provide great visualization and orientation the floors of the building are sloped. For natural illumination and ventilation, an atrium containing staircases and lifts, is placed at the centre. 350 m2 commercial and transport facility management spaces, together with waiting รกreas are located at the ground floor. (Source: http://www.kcap.eu)

BORDEAUX CAR PARK (BORDEAUX, FR) (2016). Brisac Gonzalez

(Source: http://www.dezeen.com)

PARKING LEVEL FLOOR PLAN (Source: http://www.dezeen.com)

HOUSING LEVEL FLOOR PLAN (Source: http://www.dezeen.com)

ELEVATION (Source: http://www.dezeen.com)

In this parking garage, project of Brisac Gonzalez, automobiles are found between groundfloor shops and roof-top housing. The building is composed of 450 parking spaces (street level) 19 apartments (roof ) and other functions to animate the building outside of daytime hours. On top of the building a cluster of residences (different sizes), surrounded by gardens, will be incorporated. These will be built from lightweight laminated timber, aiming to reduce the structural load on the car park below. The surfaces inside the four levels of parking will be painted in bright colours that will be visible from street level through the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s open sides. These open floors afford natural light and ventilation, with expensive river views (The site is close to the banks of the Garonne river). The car park is due for completion in 2016 and is part of the Euratlantique project, which spreads across Bordeaux, BĂŠgles and Floriac.

PROGRAMM DIAGRAM (Source: http://www.dezeen.com) 40

MARINA CITY (CHICAGO, U.S) (1962). Bertrand Goldberg

(Source: http://www.chicagoarchitecture.info)

RESIDENCIAL FLOOR

(Source: http://www.architechgallery.com)

PARKING DECK (Source: http://www.architechgallery.com)

The Marina City Towers were built in a way to enable people to live and work in downtown Chicago. The project consists of a multi-building ‘corncob-shaped’, 179m high complex developed on the banks of the Chicago River. Following the “City within a City” concept, the project included a 16-story commercial office building, apartments, theaters, restaurants, recreational spaces, an ice skating rink and a marina with extensive boat storage capacity. The residential towers included twenty lower floors of ramped parking and forty floors of apartments. The apartments were built with large windows and balconies and the pie-shaped layout was chosen to direct the viewer towards the outdoor views. On each residential floor, a circular hallway surrounds the elevator core, which is 32 feet (10 m) in diameter, with 16 wedges arrayed around the hallway. The two towers contain identical floor plans. The bottom 19 floors form an exposed spiral parking ramp with 896 parking spaces per building (32 parking spaces available along the circumference of each level). Floors 21 through 60 contain apartments (450 per tower). The buildings are accessed from separate lobbies that share a common below-grade mezzanine level as well as ground-level plaza entrances. Among the current uses of the building one can find the House of Blues concert hall and Hotel Chicago, as well as an upscale bowling alley, a bank and restaurants.

(Source: http://www.architechgallery.com)

(Source: http://www.chicagoarchitecture.info)

DESIGN PROCESS Herzog & De Meuron SITE

THE HUDSON YARDS REDEVELOPMENT AREA

MANHATTAN NEIGHBORHOODS

SITE FEATURES 50 PHOTO MAPPING 51 TRAFFIC FLOW 54 TRANSIT 55 LAND USES 56 - 63 PARKING TYPOLOGY ANALYSIS 64 ARRANGEMENT OPTIONS 64 CONCEPT DIAGRAMS 64 INITIAL CONCEPT and ATMOSPHERE 65 STUDY/ CONCEPT MODEL PICTURES 66

SITE W 34th Street & 10th Avenue

HUDSON YARDS REDEVELOPMENT AREA

AERIAL VIEW. (Image Source: http://www.google.com)

SITE W 34th Street & 10th Avenue

HUDSON YARDS MASTER PLAN CLIENT: The Related Companies L.P. and Oxford Properties Group Inc. ARCHITECTS: Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates (KPF) Skidmore, Owings & Merrill TYPE: Master Plan, Mixed-Use, Retail, Supertall, Transportation + Infrastructure SIZE: 1.2 million sqm HEIGHT: 374 meters COMPLETION: 2018 CONTRACTOR Tutor Perini Building Corp. INVESTMENT: 800 million - 3 billion USD. (Source: http://www.nyc.gov).

DEVELOPER’S CONCEPTION OF HUDSON YARD’S PHASE ONE. (Source: http://www.hudsonyardsnewyork.com) 46

THE HUDSON YARDS REDEVELOPMENT AREA.

According to the 2000 Census, at present time, over 8 million people live in New York City and by 2030, these numbers will rise to 9.1 million. The demand for new housing in New York is great and is expected to grow. Companies continue to seek out New York City as a place to set up headquarters. The need to accommodate over 440,000 new workers within the New York region is anticipated, requiring 111 million square feet of new space by 2025.(Department of City Planning, City of New York).

over the underutilized east and west portions of the MTA West Side Rail Yards. Both portions were rezoned in years 2005 and 2009 to house office, residential, hotel, retail, cultural, parking and public open space uses. All together, the HYR will offer 5 office towers, more than 100 shops, 20 restaurants, about 5,000 residences, a 750-seat school, a hotel, cultural space and 14 acres of public open space. A newly designed park area will unify the residential, commercial and retail structures and also link to the Hudson River waterfront, the exciting High Line district and the future Hudson Boulevard Park (Department of City Planning, City of New York). In conjunction with the Departmentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s rezoning proposal, the MTA is planning for the extension of the No. 7 Subway line. North and South with two new subway stations. The proposed extension would place nearly all points in Hudson Yards within less than a 10-minute walk to a subway station.

Hudson Yards will provide opportunities for the desperately needed office space, convention center expansion, and residential growth that the City will need in the coming decades. The vision for Hudson Yards is to transform todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s underused Far West Side into a place where New Yorkers will want to live, work, play and visit. The project includes a series of actions to transform Hudson Yards into a dynamic, transit-oriented urban center. The Hudson Yards Redevelopment is the biggest private real estate development ever seen in the United States until now and the largest one taking place in New York City since the rise of the Rockefeller Center. This new mixed-use complex will be built over

WEST SIDE YARD (Source: http://www.nyc.gov)

RENDERING (Source: http://www.citylandnyc.org)

RENDERING: PROPOSAL

RENDERING (Source: http://www.citylandnyc.org)

(Source: http://www.streetsblog.org)

SITE PLAN. (Source: http://www.hudsonyardsnewyork.com)

The site is located between New Yorks neighborhoods of Chelsea and Hellâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Kitchen, in midtown Manhattan.

becoming more often throughout the neighborhood and extending its skyline upward.

The Chelsea area is known for its diverse community of artists, families and young professionals. The neighborhood offers equal parts of convenience and culture, providing a little something for everyone. Luxury high-rise buildings, gallery openings and outdoor lounging are considered main features here, along side multiple nightlife options. There is always a new place to discover around the corner in this Westside core for art & culture.

Both neighborhoods are located near a number of subway lines, the PATH train, and Penn Station, making the site easily accessible for all new Yorkers.

The neighboring locality, Hells Kitchen, also known as Clinton, is an upand- coming neighborhood. This once Irish-mob-dominated neighborhood has been attracting new developers and many small business owners for the past 10 years. Here, new Families, performing artists, young professionals as well as long-time residents enjoy the relaxed atmosphere and fun entertainment options. The streets are bussling with local businesses and street vendors that sell produce, flea markets and seasonal goods.

MANHATTAN NEIGHBORHOODS

The area has become popular with the performing arts community, due to its close proximity to broadway theaters and dance studios. New developments and businesses are 49

SITE FEATURES

HUDSON River

(1) (4)

(11)

(13)

(10)

(5) (6)

(7)

(12)

W34

(9)

(8)

10th

Ave .

(3)

PHOTO MAPPING.

SITE

Jacob K. Javits Convention Center.

View of 10th Avenue towards 35th Street.

The High Line Park.

View of 10th Avenue towards W 34th Street.

W 34th Street & 9th Avenue.

View of 10th Avenue towards 33rd Street.

View of W 34th street towards 10th Avenue

View of W 34th Street towards 9thh Avenue.

8 52

View of the Site from 10th Avenue. (SW)

View from the corner of 10th Ave. & W 34th St.

View of the Site from 10th Avenue. (NW)

View from W 34th Street (SE).

View of the Site from W 34th Street.

13 53

TRAFFIC FLOW

HUDSON River

TRANSIT

HUDSON River