Disruptive Deviation by Danielle Bagwin

DISRUPTIVE DEVIATION DANIELLE BAGWIN

DESIGN THINKING | SPRING 2018 SAM FOX SCHOOL OF DESIGN AND VISUAL ARTS WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST. LOUIS

premise. In a constantly changing political climate, protesting has intensified over the years and the media have interpreted these events as they are happening. The variety and consistency of these protests have temporarily reconfigured how we interact with the public realm and the media restructures how the ongoing event is perceived. Although information is not accessible to all and it is not being distributed equally or portrayed fairly, the demonstration culture with the influence of social media have created a network that goes beyond protesting and occupying space itself. Rather, a new platform is created which brings people together to address issues as one and share their stories not the one’s being told.

how can architecture disrupt what the media is currently doing and create a space which is recharged by the people, for the people?

site. Located in downtown St. Louis between the St. Louis PostDispatch and KDLN (local ABC), the site confronts both media outlets. By placing the architecture on this site, the designed space would embody a strategy for disrupting the current media process and becoming externalized and exposed to all.

program. Being people-centric, the design would address the individual, the collective and the occupying activist. Through the people’s voice, thoughts, and expressions, the space would be turned inside out from an internalized, information factory which has no relationship to the public realm to a space which is transparent, open and exposed to all. The architecture would be a new form of public media for the public good. Rather then a top-down approach which the current media system is, the designed space would be a bottom-up approach allowing for those to be accountable for revealing the true story. The space would ultimately be participatory all around, leaving no one out. Through a live broadcasting studio, a media literacy center and a ‘town hall’, these spaces would create a new platform for the people. Allowing the space to be open to all, the people would be the central focus and they would tell their story and not have it told for them.

DISRUPTIVE DEVIATION DANIELLE BAGWIN

instuctor SAUNDRA WEDDLE assistant BEN ARENBERG

table of contents

beyond ferguson 13

ephemeral

temporal

disruptED

making the invisible visible [site] 77 105 live broadcasting [program]

permenant

disrupted space 27 changing atmosphere 35 space v. body 47

processing the data distilling the story media exposure

55 61 69

ephemeral

beyond ferguson

ephemeral

temporal

disruptED

making the invisible visible [site] live broadcasting [program]

permenant

disrupted space changing atmosphere space v. body

processing the data distilling the story media exposure

FERGUSON, 2014

ferguson, missouri beyond ferguson

The shooting of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri has become an ever-present issue in St. Louis that is embedded into its history. It was an event that at the time seemed to be an ordinary police shooting but what followed was far different. The shooting reverberated throughout the city and its citizens causing the police to enforce laws by using “fear as a tactic” i . Not only is St. Louis already divided between the county and the city, but the media twisted stories to create and cause fear to those outside of Ferguson by depicting Ferguson as a dangerous place to be. This portrayal of the Ferguson’s residents together with the images the media was presenting further divided Ferguson from the county. Now, Ferguson is being treated as a place of rebellion by its residents and as a place where people should be fearful for their safety and of the police. Ferguson raised issues of police power (police enforcement) versus the inherent rights of people (residents of Ferguson). It also raised racial issues between white police officers and Ferguson’s African American residents whereby the white police feel that African Americans impose a threat on society while the African American residents feel they are being unlawfully targeted because they are black. How do we break fear to find OUR OWN power?

civil rights history of STL beyond ferguson

Beyond Ferguson, St. Louis has a strong history of civil rights events occurring within the city and was a central setting during the Civil Rights Movement. Judge Nathan B. Young described St. Louis as the number one city in the country in Civil Rights history because of the contributions its residents had on changing segregation policies.

20 1819

states which provided school to white students also had to provide in-state education to african americans as well 1938

Gaines v. Canada

founded by Judge Nathan B. Yound who created a newspaper which served directly to the local african american community 1928

the St. Louis American

no african americans can claim U.S citizenship and therefore could not petition the court for their freedom 1859

Dred Scott v. Sandford

free african americans and white protested the fact that missouri would enter the union under a slave state

ST. LOUIS CIVIL RIGHTS HISTORY first U.S. demonstration

bicentenial

congress could regulate the sale of private property to prevent racial discrimination 1968

Jones v. Mayer

Judge Nathan B. Toung wrote an article abouth the contributions african americans and whites had on the city of St. Louis and the nation about their freedom struggles 1964

NUMBER 1 IN CIVIL RIGHTS HISTORY - Judge Nathan B. Young

prohibits racially-restricted housing civenants 1948

Shelley v. Kraemer

protest the US government to provide equal and fair working oppertunities for african americnas 1942

march on washington

changing demonstration culture beyond ferguson

RIOT (n.)

a noisy, violent public disorder caused by a group or crowd of persons, as by a crowd protesting against another group, a government policy, etc. in the streets

Protest (n.)

an expression or declaration of objection, disapproval, or dissent, often in opposition to something a person is powerless to prevent or avoid From being very disruptive to the built environment to a rather controlled atmosphere, the demonstration culture in the United States has developed over the years from chaotic riots in the streets to events which are controlled and have structure. The change came from the collective wanting of the protesters to create their own outcome and to be able to regulate and engineer the event the way they feel in order to be most effective to address issues larger then themselves. By using social media platforms as a strategic component, protestors use these outlets as a type of command center to organize these demonstatrations in order for them to be most effective and accomplish goals. Protesting has become a controlled process, from pre-protest to post-protest, but is constantly evolving.

RIOT chaos

SOCIAL MEDIA caused structure change

PROTEST controlled

temporal

beyond ferguson

ephemeral

temporal

disruptED

making the invisible visible [site] live broadcasting [program]

permenant

disrupted space changing atmosphere space v. body

processing the data distilling the story media exposure

â&#x20AC;&#x153;Protesting is never a disturbance of the peace. Corruption, injustice, war and intimidation are disturbances of the peace.â&#x20AC;? Bryant McGill ii

protest

persepectives

protests in space [tension]

building structure 29

disruption to everyday life | inconvenience to all disrupted space

Disruption to everyday life, inconvenience to others and visibility are protest strategies that communicate a message in a way that cannot be ignored. Occupation is a form of protesting that forcefully addresses problems and brings them to the attention of both the protesters and non-protesters. When the political system is functioning normally, policies are implemented and followed however, once conflict becomes evident and disruptive tactics occur, the political system is compromised and no longer operates as usual. The power ultimately shifts from those in an authoritative position to the people who restructure the system by turning it upside down. Disruption of public space is a tactic that protesters use to bring visibility, by altering an agenda and starting a debate, through the inconvenience of others. Thus, the meaning of the public realm is challenged and perceived in an alternate way.

evicted disapate

police deem unsanitary

occupy

power

policies created and implimented

disruption inconvience visibility

encampments

people stripped of rights [non-democratic]

collective action disrupted space

When the rights of individuals are threatened, those individuals come together to act as a collective. Through occupation and tactics such as encampment in a public space, the event brings a large presence to the space which causes an interruption to everyday life. The public space is thus transformed for a period of time causing the scale to tip where the protestors are temporarily in control of the public space and the activities which occur there. By causing an inconvenience, outsides are forced to deviate from their original path and engage between the formal (urban environment) and the informal (the occupy). By forcing them to change, the space between the two becomes critical in understand the in-between and how that space can be addressed and utilized in a new way.

individual

collective

occupy

inconvience

beyond ferguson

ephemeral

temporal

disruptED

making the invisible visible [site] live broadcasting [program]

permenant

disrupted space changing atmosphere space v. body

processing the data distilling the story media exposure

paradigm 01

public plaza

changing atmosphere

Occupy Encampment in Puerta del Sol (2012) is a case study in Madrid, Spain of a protest that occupied the most popular public plaza in the heart of Spain’s capital city. At the convergence of the state system of radial roads, a temporary constructed city was made overnight of “cheap, disposable tents, waste products and discarded materials such as plastic sheets and tarpaulin” iii which was assembled in the middle of the public plaza. Surrounding the main monuments in the plaza changed the significance and historical meaning of the space from being identified as a main entrance into the city wall which surrounded Madrid, representing a gate into the city, to a space that identified with social and economic inequality. The occupation took place because of the economic crisis in the city and because of the growing disregard for public institutions. Besides ‘living’ as a collective, the demonstrators were united under the slogan “We are not commodities in the hands of politicians and banker” iv. The occupiers constructed a “city within a city” v. The temporary [informal] city caused a disturbance to the city itself because the space that was normally open for everyone and attracted high amount of foot traffic daily, was transformed into a space that people could only move around the perimeter rather than utilizing it for its usual everyday activities. Normally, the space was utilized for both public and private uses, but the protest was inconveniencing those who wanted to just pass through the plaza by forcing them to move freely only on the outskirts.

ORMAL INF

paradigm 02

privately owned public space [park] changing atmosphere

Effective places for occupation protests possess particular site and cultural conditions. Public versus private spaces can make an immense difference on the effectiveness of a protest. A privately owned public space (P.O.P.S) is a condition within a city that is an effective space to house an occupy protest over a public space because the regulations are less restrictive. These spaces are not controlled by a curfew, so when they are occupied 24/7 the protestors would not be required to leave. A privately owned public space which is normally public but, when it is occupied, the conditions of the site change. Bystanders are then forced to question whether the park is truly public. Occupy Wall Street (2011) was located in Zuccotti Park, a privately owned public park in New York City’s Wall Street Financial District. The protestors chose to occupy the park with private activities such as “shelter, food or hygiene” vi rather than allowing others not involved in the protest to use the park for recreational purposes, thereby taking a stance on the growing levels of economic inequality. These activities, which persisted for over sixty-two days, changed the perception of the park. Overall this event reconstructed the public realm as time went on by receiving more attention the longer the space was occupied. Although the occupiers avoided the paths and benches that were still open to the public, the public did not truly feel the park was public anymore; rather, they were made to feel that if they used the park they were entering a privatized and claimed space. The intensity of the protest was isolated to the park because the activity was occurring within the space, but the effects extended beyond the park. Since the occupation lasted for a little over two months but eventually ended, time became a condition within the site. Although the protest was continuous and always occupied the space, there were periods when the space was very active and periods when the space was not active at all. During the day, people were always visible, and the space was always active and the activities were exposed because everyone was able to see the most private activities publicly. The arrangement and clustering of activities around the site produced moments of intensity throughout the day. At night though, visibility of the occupation was still recognized but the actions became less visible. Although the level of activity fluctuated throughout a twenty-four-hour day, the occupation was always transparent and was constantly making a statement through its presence until the protesters were forced to leave. The police deemed the space no longer sanitary, causing the occupation to dissipate. 38

INFORMAL

paradigm 03

the street

changing atmosphere

Sometime streets are controversial public spaces. When public streets are occupied by the homeless the meaning and usage of the street changes. In the early 1990’s in Hungary, a governmental regime change caused social transformations which led to impoverishment, and a large gap of social inequalities which resulted in the dramatic increase in the number of “effectively homeless people” vii living on the streets. Sociologist Peter Gyori described the homeless as an effective strategy of living in a place that is not meant for human occupancy. Due to the growing number of homeless inhabiting the streets, although they are not being disruptive, the city still ideally sees the street as a space without the homeless. The homeless create undesirable conditions on the streets, so the government’s goal is to remove the homeless, so the streets are a cleaner and safer place. This will change the perception of the urban environment from a place of poverty and discomfort to a place of cleanliness, stability and serenity. The ‘property’ of the homeless is considered garbage so if the city gets rid of it the streets will become ‘public’ again. The homeless are not causing a disturbance but they are causing an inconvenience by causing emotional discomfort to those who are trying to pass them by. To effectively eliminate the homeless from the street, the Hungarian government has reconstructed the ownership of the public realm by converting spaces which were openly public that the homeless were able to occupy, to private spaces. Businesses invest in the public realm, so they have control over it, making it unavailable to the homeless. It is a simple way to claim ownership of the public realm in order to reconstruct the streets into a privatized zone.

INFORMAL

paradigm 04

thoroughfares

changing atmosphere

During the series of Ferguson protests that took place after the shooting of Michael Brown, protesters blocked off all eastbound lanes of Highway 40 (Interstate 64) completely stopping traffic in its path. Police stated, “the protestors drove their cars onto the interstate at about 7:45pm, and that some of them got out and were marching on the roadway”viii. This demonstrated that any public space or infrastructure is able to be occupied by disturbing the regular use of the space. Not only did the barrier of people terminate traffic on one side of the highway, the other side of the highway slowed down to view what was happening. This was not only disruptive to the flow of traffic but became an effective tactic to draw the public’s attention to the inequalities which the people were fighting for. Blocking the highway was a bold move by the protesters to bring visibility and awareness to issues that they felt were being pushed aside.

INFORMAL

intervening between the formal and informal changing atmosphere

Overall, these four paradigms, the public plaza, the privately owned public space (park), the street and the thoroughfare, demonstrate different relationships between the informal conditions of the occupier and the formal surroundings, thus creating a palpable tension within the sites. This tension between the formal and informal conditions causes the site to temporarily be viewed differently since its normal uses are no longer dominating the space and are instead applying a force to create conflict between two opposing fields to achieve change. Although protests have an end, protesters hope that the occupation generated enough attention so that the conversation continues to fight for these injustices rather than dissipate and ultimately recreate the cycle. The tension which is created between the informal and formal is implied and leaves room for interpretation and how one can now interact with that space is called into question with a condition that redraws the cognitive map, the way events are understood.

PEOPLE

BEFORE [pre-protest]

ELEVATE

? DURING [occupation]

INTERACTION BETWEEN THE BUILT FABRIC AND THE PEOPLE

AFTER [dissipate]

VISUAL CONNECTIONS

ARCHITECTURE 45

? 46

beyond ferguson

ephemeral

temporal

disruptED

making the invisible visible [site] live broadcasting [program]

permenant

disrupted space changing atmosphere space v. body

processing the data distilling the story media exposure

body as site space v. body

Not only is the spatial configuration of a site important but also understanding the body as the performative site that authorizes the disturbance. Everyday each person creates their own line but when we interact with others, we become entangled in their line representing the linkage of inequalities we represent as a collective. The more entangled we become as a unit, the more tension that is generated between the people and their environment which makes the invisible visible and brings awareness. Without the human body, there would be no experience within an environment. The body creates an energy which would not be there if we, as humans, did not exist. All subjects are situated in an environment â&#x20AC;&#x153;which they either can recognize themselves or lose themselves, a space which they may both enjoy and modifyâ&#x20AC;? ix. The body interjects itself into an environment where it feels like it belongs and is part of the greater collective, or they lose themselves, feel along and as an individual. But as time proceeds, the body adjusts to the different interactions it comes by and becomes adaptive to the setting. Thus, the human body creates this social atmosphere (occupy) and incorporates social action (protesting) creating a constant cycle of human interactions on all levels.

place to space space v. body

To occupy space is to be IN SPACE: When identifying our relationship to our built environment, there is a scale change from a place (smallest) to a space (largest) x.

PLACE

Very Specific. Exclusive. Groundness of space. Somewhere.

Space

Nonconcrete. Inclusive. Abstract in Space. Everywhere.

LAYERING to be more specific

Spaces OPEN TO REVEAL OTHER Places

PLACE

SPACE

permanent

beyond ferguson

ephemeral

temporal

disruptED

making the invisible visible [site] live broadcasting [program]

permenant

disrupted space changing atmosphere space v. body

processing the data distilling the story media exposure

â&#x20AC;&#x153;From the streets of Cairo and the Arab Spring, to Occupy Wall Street, from the busy political calendar to the aftermath of the tsunami in Japan, social media was not only sharing the news but driving it.â&#x20AC;? xi Dan Rather

full persective

views only exterior

views only interior

filtering and processing 59

reconstructing a viewpoint processing the data

The media constructs a dialogue by what they frame, but when they reframe an event, they reconstruct someone’s view by changing the story to convey the information through a certain outlook. This reformation of information is constructed based on the media sources position, which edits and filters certain aspects of the story in post-production by withholding specific information from the viewer or reader. Being part of the event, the media captures the specific movement or a series of moments during the event. Through barriers that actively conceal other moments and information – a kind of information blackout. The public’s perception of an event is changed based on the information being received and the individual’s knowledge is actively altered. These obstructions of communication act as literal and symbolic divisions and separations that distort and conceal authentic experience and information. Through gathering information from different media sources, the event is never told from a non-biased viewpoint but rather is continuously distorted while going through the conventional media process. Thus, the media strongly influences how one responds to and interacts with events and the surrounding environment and the people who inhabit it. Not only is the media physically involved in and becomes part of the choreography of the event, but it also creates psychological impacts. Damon Davis a resident from East St. Louis remembers seeing the aftermath of the Michael Brown shooting as a moment of mourning and non-violence for the community. The residents of Ferguson were just trying to mourn their loss but rather the police response was to “use force to impose fear: fear of militarized police, imprisonment, fines”. When Davis went to participate in the protests in Ferguson, as a fellow community member, he saw anger in the residents but also love. Love for each other. The media though spun the story to make residents seem like they were afraid of their own community members, which was not the case at all. xii Psychologically, the media altered the story to pin the residents of Ferguson against one another but in reality the residents were united as one.

media

[status quo]

evicted disapate perception of public space

variety of news outlets

power

occupy

policies created and implimented

encampments

TO GENERAL PUBLIC

people stripped of rights [non-democratic]

STRUCTURAL POLICY CREATED

beyond ferguson

ephemeral

temporal

disruptED

making the invisible visible [site] live broadcasting [program]

permenant

disrupted space changing atmosphere space v. body

processing the data distilling the story media exposure

fabricating perspectives distilling the story

Although protests are temporary actions, media coverage of protest events extends outward and allows for a long term and retrospective view. The media are responsible for broadcasting to the public the moments when information is most needed. It is the gatekeeper of information. Although the media are part of the event, it has a tendency to reconstruct the story through a specific lens and reframe it so that what is truly happening is not being portrayed in a way that represents the views and experiences of those who are actually living the story. This causes tension between the public and the media causing the people to no longer trust the media. The communication of information, which is supposed to be unbiased, is often skewed, shaped, and constructed to appeal to a certain viewer pool which views the world similarly. By taking a position on the world, the stories which are being told are created to portray people in certain regards, and injustices of these groups are revealed based on the way the media speaks or writes about them. Sinclair Broadcasting Group, a telecommunications company, is the leading local news provider in the country and is in control of 192 television stations, 613 television channels and 8 United States markets nationwide. Rather then being in the local area where they are covering stories, they are controlling the perspective of the LOCAL news according to a very conservative political perspective from an outsidersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; viewpoint. The company is dictating the perspectives creating a larger gap between the stories and the trust the people have for the information. Contrary to Sinclair, people are responding and trusting podcasts as a new form of information gathering. Podcasts such as Crooked Media, a political media company, is fostering open conversation between liberals and political participation. They are not hiding information because the conversation is happening live, and nothing is being filtered during the processâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;a new form of trust is being imposed.

glorifing the white image

disdain

irrelevent

the revolution will not be televised

synthesizing data distilling the story

Media filters information to portray certain idealized lifestyles which are not accurate depictions the media is representing. Advertising revenue plays a big role in this. Pop culture during the 1970s glorified white privilege whether that was through politics, music, TV shows, advertisements, or theatre. Blacks were frustrated by the inaccurate and stereotypical portrayal of reality and the media was championing the idea that everyone and everything looked and represented the same thing, which was actually not true. The media was portraying a ‘perfect white Americans life’ and success whites had rather than portraying the injustices minorities were suffering from. For example, the television show The Beverly Hillbillies, which aired in 1962, portrayed a poor white rural family who moved to California because they struck oil on their land. The family went from being low-income and living in the middle of the woods to a family which was now wealthy based on ‘luck’, completely flipping their life upside down. The producers framed the story based on the culture of white privilege through its humor and completely disregarded the existence of African Americans in the show. When “The Revolution Will Not Be Televised” was released in 1970, it was a moment in time when African Americans were no longer allowing this idealized world to continue, but rather started a revolution to stop injustices. The Revolution started when the media portrayed the true acts of both the Watts Riots in a predominantly African American neighborhood in Los Angeles and the beating of Rodney King. The events “were factual in tone and presents the hard facts and footages” xiii whether that was imagery or a video. The media did not distill the information but showed truly what was happening on the ground – the revolution will be televised. It was rare. On the other hand, the media coverage of the Ferguson shooting was skewed. The media focused on the riots and the backlash of the event rather than showing the true facts. This shows that filtering data has become progressively more skewed and more influential on the public opinion.

glorifing the white image

disdain

irrelevent

idealized lifestyles exposed

white priviledge televised

riots were the first layer which exposed true acts of african americans

the revolution will be no

RE-RUN

brothers the revolution will be

LIVE

hidden reality

revolution will reveal all

beyond ferguson

ephemeral

temporal

disruptED

making the invisible visible [site] live broadcasting [program]

permenant

disrupted space changing atmosphere space v. body

processing the data distilling the story media exposure

depiction of an african american family living in a housing project in a poor neighborhood

good times

designed FOR black people BY black people

ebony magazine

promoted sterotypes but the black community felt they had the oppertunity to see blacks on TV while the white community saw it as a comedy

1974

1951

the amos and andy show

dehumanizing depiction of African Americans in hollywood 1830

blackface

pop culture

most violent riots in US history which were composed of confrontations between african americans and the police 1967

detriots riots

series of riots which took place in an african american neighborhood in LA 1965

watts riots

supreme court established the segregation of public schools were unconstitutional 1954

brown v. board of education

enforced racial segregation in the south 1868

jim crow laws

protests

cosby show

depication of an african american family, finacially stable, holding jobs at the time which were seen as a white occupation 1984

1994

the help

internet explosion

depicting an upper-middle class african american family addressing current cultural issues still embedded into society 2014

blackish

portraying thea africna american maids point of view of white families during the civil rights movement 2011

commercial activity via the internet

1993

depiction of lifestyle clashes between a african american street-smart teenager and his wealthy family memebers 1990

fresh prince of bel-air

web browser created [mosaic]

after the death of Trayvon Martin,â&#x20AC;&#x153;a simple hooded sweatshirt has become emblemantic of certain assumptions in America. And of a desire by many to overturn those assumptionsâ&#x20AC;? 2012

the hoodie campign

victim of police brutality 1991

rodney king

AFRICAN AMERICANS CREATED A SUB-CULTURE CALLED BLACK TWITTER WHICH GAVE THEM A PLATFORM TO EXPRESS THEIR VOICE. WITH THE CHANGING MEDIA LANDSCAPE. THEY ARE ABLE TO SEE A FUTURE FOR THEMSELVES BY BEING ABLE TO VOICE THEIR VIEWS AND EXPRESS THEMSELVES.

#SolidarityisForWhiteWomen #IfTheyGunnedMeDown #MigosSaid #BlackLivesMatter #OscarsSoWhite #SayHerName #IfIDieInPoliceCustody #ICantBreathe #HandsUpDontShoot #BlackonCampus

disrupted

beyond ferguson

ephemeral

temporal

disruptED

making the invisible visible [site] live broadcasting [program]

permenant

disrupted space changing atmosphere space v. body

processing the data distilling the story media exposure

I LE

35 M

I LE

50 M

broadcasting towers making the invisible visible

There are fourteen broadcasting towers located within the St. Louis Region. Each broadcasts its own view of politics and filters information to the general public, creating fourteen unique lenses that shapes the public opinion across the city differently. Narrowing down the different site possibilities, the broadcast tower located in downtown St. Louis which is part of KDNL and is in proximity to the St. Louis Post-Dispatch creates a unique opportunity to design a building which counteracts the conventional media process. Placing my building in this location, allows the building to respond to the current conditions of the site in a provocative way.

divided neighborhoods making the invisible visible

The site sits at the cross section of two St. Louis neighborhoods, Carr Square and Columbus Square, which are predominantly African American communities in North St. Louis. With low access to amenities and resources, this space can create a connection and bridge the neighborhoods together by providing a resource which is currently lacking.

CAR R S

QAU R

E COLU

M BUS

SQUA

BIDDLE HOUSING OPPERTUNITY CENTER

KDLN

equity axis

ST. LOUIS POST DISPATCH

making the invisible visible DR. MA

RTIN LU

The site not only confronts both media outlets directly, KDLN and St Louis Post Dispatch, but is bounded by Dr. Martin Luther King Drive, to the south, forming a link to St. Louisâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s civil rights history. Additionally, having a direct connection with this embedded history, the site also sits at the terminus of an assembly of buildings in St. Louis which face equity obstacles daily. Buildings such as City Hall, the Circuit Courts, Saint Louis University Law School and the Thomas F. Eagleton United States Courthouse are among others. By having a spatial relationship with these power structures along the axis, the location of the site will provide a new visibility to the injustices the architecture will expose.

THER K

ING DR

BOARD OF ELECTION COMMISSIONERS STL. SCHOOL OF LAW 22ND JUDICIAL CIRCUIT COURT CARNAHAN COURTHOUSE ST. LOUIS CITY CIRCUIT ST. LOUIS CITY HALL

KSDK NEWS CHANNEL 5 ST. LOUIS CITY JUSTICE CENTER THOMAS F. EAGLETON UNITED STATES COURTHOUSE

USCIC ST. LOUIS

THE G ATEWA Y

MALL

TO TH

E ARC

opposing forces

making the invisible visible

The St. Louis Post-Dispatch, a local newspaper, and KDNL [ABC Television Station] are media outlets that both bring information in and broadcast out through a moderate liberal bias viewpoint. My site sits in the intersection of these institutions, allowing for the space to produce tension on the site and create a dialogue which is currently lacking. Rather then re-creating the current cycle of the media, the space would allow the people to broadcast directly to the city, cutting out the middle man (the journalist). Right now both the St. Louis Post-Dispatch and KDLN are internalized institutions. The addition of a new broadcasting space would be externalized reaching beyond and connecting directly to the people of St. Louis. Looking at the current conditions of the site, both the St. Louis Post-Dispatch and KDLN, are mute, closed off, inward looking and complete information factories. They do not have any relationship with the current streetscape and surrounding buildings. By placing a building that sits diagonal to the two, which is externalized and has a relationship with the surrounding community, people will have more trust in the system.

KDNL

INTERNALIZED St. Louis Post-Dispatch

911

St. Pa

trick C

enter

St. Lo Public uis Schoo ls

EXTERNALIZED

CENTRAL FOCUS OF PEOPLE

TENSION || DISRUPTION OPPOSING FORCES

40,000 sq. ft

disrupt the broadcasting

The site would allow for disruption of the conventional media outlets through metaphorically jamming their radio signals to broadcast the true story, increase awareness and to cut out the middle man.

disrupt the news

Social media would counteract what the newspaper is doing by allowing the people who did not have any power, to give them their power back by telling their version of the story rather than the stories that are being told to the people which are filtered and geared towards a certain audience.

“A UNIFYING FORCE?” “A VIOLENT TURN” “IN THIS TOGETHER”

100

#IfIDieInPoliceCustody i didn’t consent to being searched & I was innocent

“A STREET FLARE UP”

Ain’t nobody safe!!!! #HANDSUPDONTSHOOT

“NOT INDICTED”

“FERGUSON ERUPTS” Facts and Truth #BlackTwitter

“A DAY OF RECOVERY” #OscarsSoWhite they haven’t shifted their selection process in 87 years #oscarnoms

#GrowingUpBlack The orginal auto tune

of course they use his mugshot. #ElijahSmith #BlackLivesMatter

101

disrupt the landscape

Lebbeus Woods believed that political unification is happening below the surface and is being pulled by strong gravitational forces to create a disruption to the landscape. Disruption of the surface is more compelling and powerful and can start to shift the surrounding landscapes by creating a significant impact. The architecture can then rise above the surrounding buildings to become more effective within the space.

102

103

104

105

106

beyond ferguson

ephemeral

temporal

disruptED

making the invisible visible [site] live broadcasting [program]

permenant

disrupted space changing atmosphere space v. body

processing the data distilling the story media exposure

107

HOW CAN ARCHITECTURE DISRUPT WHAT THE MEDIA IS CURRENTLY DOING AND CREATE A SPACE WHICH IS RECHARGED BY THE PEOPLE, FOR THE PEOPLE? Public Media for the Public Good: Open Accountable Transparent Participatory Bottom-Up [no longer top-down]

108

VOICE

THOUGHTS

EXPRESSION 109

networks of urban protests live broadcasting

USER (the dot) represents the many users of social media and creating individual platforms to create an unique identity. Each dot is a collection point within this larger sytsem.

SOCIAL NETWORK (the line) represents the cross connections made by the users themselves and see how the network interepts the users data to create a larger platform with similar ideologies.

URBAN SPACE (the circle) represents the physical connection the user and the network can create. This is the end result in itself. A space where individuals can come together as a collective with similar thoughts and to be able to express themselves freely.

110

SOCIAL MEDIA [data collection]

SOCIAL NETWORK [interpretation]

URBAN SPACE [story telling] 111

programing

live broadcasting

Being people-centric, the design would construct a space for the individual, the collective and the occupy activist. Through the people’s voice, thoughts and expressions, the space would be turned inside out by exposing and not hiding what the current media covers up. Through a live broadcasting studio, a media literacy center and a ‘town hall’, the people are the central focus which allows the space to be open for all to tell their story and not have it told for them.

112

INDIVIdual THOUGHTS research nooks training workshops media library

VOICE recording studios co-work spaces auditorium

EXPRESSION meeting spaces workshop spaces debate chamber

ATRIUM

[foundation]

collective

P PA

Y CR RA E T R LI IA NTE E D CE

I NG RD S CO I O R E STU D

ISI

V LE

DEBATE CHAM BER

113

114

LIVE BROADCASTING

115

200 ft

116

200 ft

S GHT HOU ET

C VOI

IO S S E PR

shared Space

VOICE individual collective occupy

thoughts individual collective occupy EXPRESSION individual collective occupy

SUPPORTING SPACE

live braodcasting studio [6,000 sq ft] 13,000 sq ft

atrium [4,000 sq ft] lounge [300 sq ft]

recording studios [300 sq ft] 5,700 sq ft

co-work spaces [250 sq ft] auditorium [4000 sq ft]

research nooks [250-500 sq ft] 4,000 sq ft

training workshops [1000 sq ft] media library [2000 sq ft]

meeting spaces [400 sq ft] workshop spaces [1000 sq ft]

5,200 sq ft

debate chamber [2000 sq ft]

circulation [10,500 sq ft] 2,000 sq ft

bathrooms [50 sf each] mechanical room [600 sq ft]

117

TOTAL

45,000 sq ft

speculation of vertical relationships live broadcasting

An abstract depiction of how program can be stacked and how relationships can form within the building, addressing the different scales of the individual, the collective and the occupying activist. The live broadcasting studio and the main atrium are space which grounds the building and are permanent components to the constantly changing surrounding programs.

RESEARCH NOOKS Co WORK SPACES

AUDITORIUM ATRIUM

118

MEDIA LIBRARY

RECOrDING STUDIOS

TRAINING WORKSHOPS

DEBATE CHAMER WORKSHOP SPACES MEETING SPACES

LIVE

BROADCASTING STUDIO 119

120

end notes i Davis, Damon. “Courage Is Contagious.” TED2017. www.ted.com/talks/damon_davis_what_i_saw_ at_the_ferguson_protests/transcript#t-93426.

McGill, Bryan. “Bryan McGill Quotes.” Https://Www.goodreads.com/Quotes/1325841-Protesting-IsNever-a-Disturbance-of-the-Peace-Corruption-Injustice, Https://Www.goodreads.com/Quotes/1325841-Protesting-Is-Never-a-Disturbance-of-the-Peace-Corruption-Injustice. ii

Rice, Louis. (2013), Occupied Space. Archit Design, 83: 72. doi:10.1002/ad.1677

iii

Bravo, David. “Acampada En La Puerta Del Sol: Madrid (Spain), 2011.” Public Space, www.publicspace.org/en/works/g001-acampada-en-la-puerta-del-sol. iv

Feigenbaum, Anna. “Occupy Architecture.” ICON, www.iconeye.com/architecture/features/ item/11741-occupy-architecture. v

Kohn, Margaret. “Privatization and Protest: Occupy Wall Street, Occupy Toronto, and the Occupation of Public Space in a Democracy.” Perspectives on Politics, vol. 11, no. 1, 2013, pp. 99. JSTOR, JSTOR, www.jstor. org/stable/43280691. vi

Udvarhelyi, Éva Tessza. “MAN ON THE STREET: ANTHROPOLOGY, CITIZENSHIP AND THE FIGHT FOR HOUSING RIGHTS IN HUNGARY.” Practicing Anthropology, vol. 32, no. 2, 2010, pp. 18. JSTOR, JSTOR, www. jstor.org/stable/24781954. vii

Benchaabane, Nassim. “Protesters Arrested after Blocking Highway 40 Include Pastor, State Rep.” Stltoday.com, St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 5 Oct. 2017, www.stltoday.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/protesters-arrested-after-blocking-highway-include-pastor-state-rep/article_be681e7d-db87-5754-8799-12406397ccb0.html. viii

Lefebvre, Henri, and Donald Nicholson-Smith. The Production of Space. Blackwell, 2009. pp. 35

Ingold, Tim. “Against Space: Place, Movement, Knowledge.” pp. 31., www.opa-a2a.org/dissensus/ wp-content/uploads/2008/02/INGOLD_Tim_Against_Space.pdf. x

er_466491.

Rather, Dan. “Dan Rather Quotes.” BrainyQuote, Xplore, www.brainyquote.com/quotes/dan_rath-

Davis, Damon. “Courage Is Contagious.” TED2017. www.ted.com/talks/damon_davis_what_i_saw_ at_the_ferguson_protests/transcript#t-93426. xii

Bowen, Sarah. A Framing Analysis of Media Coverage of the Rodney King Incident and Ferguson, Missouri, Conflicts. pp. 121. Strategic Communications, Elon University, www.elon.edu/docs/e-web/academics/ communications/research/vol6no1/11BowenEJSpring15.pdf. xiii

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