C2 electrolysis of brine

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Salt is sodium chloride. Look at the diagram. It shows the electrolysis of concentrated sodium chloride solution. gas X

chlorine

concentrated sodium chloride solution carbon cathode (negative electrode)

carbon anode (positive electrode)

–ve

+ve

(a) What is gas X? .............................................................................................................................................. [1] (b) Sodium chloride solution contains the ions Na+, OH−, H+ and Cl −. Sodium hydroxide is made during the electrolysis of sodium chloride solution. Explain how. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................. [2] (c) Describe how salt solution can be extracted from salt deposits by solution mining. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................. [2] [Total: 5]

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