[FullText] Bứt Phá Điểm Thi THPT Môn Tiếng Anh - Vũ Thị Mai Phương (Tập 1) by Dạy Kèm Quy Nhơn Official

Cô chúc các em thành công!

M CL C

............................................................................................................... 4 ....................................................................................... 11 3. Câu h

Tag questions) .................................................................................................... 18

4. M

c mu n .................................................................................................... 25 ng t khuy t thi u (Modal verbs) ......................................................................................... 29

6. C

ng t (Phrasal verbs) .................................................................................................... 37 To-infinitive/bare-infinitive) .......................... 45

7. Nguyên m

ng t (Gerunds) ........................................................................................................... 51 9. Phân t (Participles) .................................................................................................................. 58 10. M

tr ng ng (Adverbial clause) ................................................................................... 63

11. So sánh (Comparision)............................................................................................................ 72 12. Câu b

ng (Passive voice) .................................................................................................... 78

13. Các lo i t (Word form) ......................................................................................................... 86 14. S

ng (Quantity) ................................................................................................................ 95

15. Gi i t (Preposition) ............................................................................................................... 99 16. M o t (Articles)................................................................................................................... 106

1. M

ngh

i khác giúp: (making request) ............................................................. 112

2. M

ngh

i khác: (making offer) ................................................................. 113

3. M

i khác: (asking for permission) ......................................................... 114

4. M u câu "r "/g i ý: (making suggestion) ............................................................................... 115

PH N 1

5. M u câu c

PHÁP T

V NG

........................................................................................... 117

6. M

nh l i thông tin: (confirming information) ..................................................... 117

7. M u câu m i: (making invitation) .......................................................................................... 118 8. M u câu chúc m ng: (congratulating others) ......................................................................... 119 9. M u câu xin l i: ...................................................................................................................... 120 10. M u câu th hi n l i khen: (compliments) ........................................................................... 121 11. M u câu th hi n ý ph h a: (expressing the same idea) ..................................................... 122 12. Các m u câu h i thông d ng:................................................................................................ 123 BÀI T P T

GI I ..................................................................................................................... 134

Bí quy t 1 và Bí quy t 2. ............................................................................................................ 151 Bí quy t 3 .................................................................................................................................... 155 Bí quy t 4 .................................................................................................................................... 160 Bí quy t 5 .................................................................................................................................... 163 BÀI T P T NG H P ................................................................................................................ 166

1. K t h p câu dùng m

quan h và gi

quan h ....................................... 183

2. Liên t và tr ng t liên k t ...................................................................................................... 191 3. M t s c 4. Bi

ng s d ng trong vi t l i câu ................................................................. 199

i câu d

.................................................................................................... 214

................................................................................................................................ 219

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

* -

(+) S + V(s/es)+ O

(+) S + V(ed)+ O

(+) S + will + V + O

(-) S + do/does + not + V

(-) S + did + not + V + O

(?) Do/does + S + V?

(?) Did + S + V + O?

(-) S + will + not + V + O

(+) S +am/is/are + O

(+) S + was/were + O

(-) S + am/is/are + not + O

(-) S + was/ were + O

(?) Am/is/are + S + O?

(?) Was/were + S + O?

(?) Will + S + V + O? next week, next month, * Cách dùng: -

usually, often, generally, frequently * Cách dùng: room every day.)

(I clean the

yesterday morning, last week, last month, last year, last night * Cách dùng: -

nhiên. (The Moon goes around (She finished her the Earth.) exam yesterday.) -

(The plane flies at 8a.m.)

(I will go to New York next year.) (I will open the door for you.)

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

(+) S + be (am/is/are) + V-ing (+) S + was/were + V-ing + (+) S + will + be + V+O O ing + O (-) S + be + not + V-ing + O (?) Be + S + V-ing + O?

(-) S + was/were + not + (-) S + will + not + be + V-ing + O V-ing + O (?) Was/were + S + V-ing (?) Will + S + be + V+ O? ing + O?

at present, at the moment

* Cách dùng:

very moment

* Cách dùng:

(I am eating at the moment.) coming tonight.)

(I will be doing exam at 10a.m (I tomorrow.) (He is was studying at school at 8p.m yesterday.)

(He is behaving impolitely.)

always

(I will be visiting my (She grandparents next was always eating pizza Sunday.) when she was at college.)

know, like, want, glance, feel, think, smell, love, hate, realize,

(+) S + have/has + PII + O

(+) S + had + PII + O

(-) S + have/has + not + PII + O (-) S + had + not + PII + O (?) Have/has + S + PII + O? Hoàn thành

(?) Had + S + PII + O?

(+) S + will + have + PII +O (-) S + will + not + have + PII + O

after, before, (?) Will + S + have + PII ever, never, since, for, recently, as soon as, by the time, + O? before when by the * Cách dùng: * Cách dùng: time, prior to the time -

* Cách dùng:

(I have

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

(When I came home, she had already cooked dinner.)

been to London.) (She has studied for 5 hours.)

(I will have cleaned the room when Mom comes home.)

(+) S + has/have + been + V- (+) S + had + been + V-ing (+) S + will + have + ing + O +O been + V-ing + O (V-ing + O

(-) S + had + been + V-ing (-) S + will + not + have +O + been + V-ing + O

(?) Has/have + S + been + V- (?) Had + S + been + V-ing (?) Will + S + have + ing + O? + O? been + V-ing + O? Hoàn since, for, for a long time, the time, prior to that time thành almost every day this week, recently, lately, in the past * Cách dùng: week, in recent years, up until now, so far

time, prior to the time * Cách dùng: -

* Cách dùng: -

(My (I will teacher had been teaching English 10 years before have worked for this company for 6 years by retired.) (They have been this time next year.) celebrating for more than a week up until now.)

1. Jane_________her raincoat on when it__________ raining. A. put/start

B. puts/started

C. put/starting

D. put/started

2. The man got out of the car, ________ round to the back and opened the boot. A. was walking

B. walked

C. walks

D. had walked

PH N 1

PHĂ P T

V NG

3. He will take the dog out for a walk as soon as he _______ dinner. A. finish

B. finishes

C. will finish

D. shall have finished

4. When I last ________ Jane, she ________ to find a job. A. see/was trying

B. saw/was trying

C. have seen/tried

D. saw/tried

5. I have never played badminton before. This is the first time I _______ to play. A. try

B. tried

C. have tried

D. am trying

6. We ___________ all our school work by tomorrow. A. finish

B. finishing

C. be finishing

D. will have finishing

7. She ______ the living room when she heard a strange noise in the kitchen. A. has cleaned

B. has been

C. cleaning

D. was cleaning

8. I envy you. At five tomorrow, you _________ some tan on the beach at the seaside. A. will get

B. will be getting

C. will have gotten

D. will have been getting

A. have never been

B. had never been

9. C. never was

D. never been

10. Almost everyone_______ for home by the time we arrived. A. leave

B. left

C. leaves

D. had left

11. He must be very hungry. He ________ anything in three days. A.

D. beach in the sea.

12. A. will lie

B. am lying

C. will be lying

13. Yesterday I _______ in the park when I saw Dick playing football. A. was walking

B. is walking

D. should be lying

PH N 1

C. has walked

PHĂ P T

V NG

D. has been walking

14. My mother _______ very happy when she _______ her old friend again two days ago. A. was/met

B. had been/met

C. has been/meets

D. has been/met

15. She was playing games while he ________ a football match. A. watched

B. watches

C. was watching

D. watching

16. Look! That man _________ to open the door of your car. A. try

B. tried

C. is trying

D. has tried

C. would have left

D. is leaving

17. I ___________ here at the end of the month. A. will leave

B. would leave

18. I ________ writing my report in an hour or so. Then we can go to a movie. A. finish

B. finished

C. have finished

D. will finish

19. I was at the club yesterday, but I ________ you. B. did not see

C. did not saw

C. smiles

D. is smiling

20. Every time I looked at her, she ________. A. has smiled

B. smiled

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

. . 6.

QKHT.

10.

D. Câu trúc:

PH N 1

PHร P T

V NG

a: 11.

12.

C. ch:

n. 13. รกp รกn A.

14.

. 15.

16.

17.

PH N 1

18.

19.

PHĂ P T

V NG

a: 20.

Ex: Her child is very intelligent.

Ex: Three hours is a long time to way. someone, anything, nothing, eveEx: Everything is ok!

Ex: All I want to do now is to sleep. Ex: Reading is my hobby. Many a

PH N 1

PHĂ P T

V NG

Ex: Many a student has a bike.

Ex: 1/2 is larger than 1/3. Physics, Maths news), ) Ex: - Physics is my most interesting subject. - Rabies is a very dangerous disease. Most of/All of/Plenty of/Some of/Major-ity of/The last of/One of/Half of/Part of/The rest of/Percentage of/A lot of/Lots of/A third of/Minority of + N Ex: Most of the money was illegal

Ex: The number of students going to class decreases

Ex: - None of his girl friends is good. - No one comes to the party. 2.

Ex: The study of how living things work is called philosophy.

Ex: The flock of birds is flying to its destination. A large am Ex:

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

- A large amount of sugar has been used.

Ex: - Neither restaurants is expensive. - Either of them works in this company.

Ex: A pair of pants is in the drawer.

Ex: Oranges are rich in vitamin C people, police, cattle, Ex: People are searching for something to eat. Hai ch ng n i nhau b

ng l p

Ex: Jane and Mary are my best friends. Tuy nhiên, n u 2 danh t cùng ch m ng t chia

i, m t b ph n ho

c danh t

Ex: Bread and butter is their daily food. C u trúc V (s nhi u)

and N2

Ex: Both Betty and Joan are cooking for their dinner party. Ch ng

i t : several, both, many, few, all, some + N (s nhi u).

Ex: Several students are absent. Ch ng là

ch m t t p h

Ex: The poor living here need help. Ch ng b

u là m t phân s có t s t 2 tr lên.

Ex: 2/5 are smaller than 1/2.

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

Các danh t luôn dùng d ng s nhi

p): trouser, eyeglasses,

Ex: The pants are in the drawer. Ch ng b t

u b ng: Most of/All of/ Plenty of/Some of/Majority of/The last

of/ One of/Half of/Part of/The rest of/Percentage of/A lot of/Lots of/A third of/Minority of + N (s nhi u). Ex: Most of people in the factory are male. Ch ng b

u b ng

N (s nhi u).

Ex: A number of students going to class decrease. Ch ng b

u b ng

nhi u).

Ex: No people understand what he says. Ch ng b

u b ng

(s nhi u) of N2

Ex: The studies of how living things work are called philosophy. Ch ng là c m danh t ch

ng v t (s nhi

flocks of birds/sheep; schools of fish; prides of lion; packs of dogs; herds of

Ex: Flocks of birds are flying to its destination. Ch ng

c n i v i nhau b i các liên t :

V chia theo ch ng u tiên

Ex: - She, along with her classmates, is going to university this year. - Mrs. Smith together with her sons is going abroad.

V chia theo các danh t th 2 Ex: - Either you or I am right.

PH N 1

PHĂ P T

V NG

- My parents or my brother is staying at home now.

V N D NG 1. Each of you ________ a share in the work. A. to have

B. have

C. having

D. has

2. The quality of these recordings ________ not very good. A. be

B. are

C. am

D. is

3. The number of students in this class ________ limited to thirty. A. be

B. are

C. is

D. am

4. Not only the air but also the oceans ________ been polluted seriously. A. have

B. has

C. is having

D. are having

5. Working in the factory ________ not what children should do. A. be

B. is

C. are

D. have been

6. A large number of students in this school ________ English quite fluently. A. speaks

B. is speaking

C. has spoken

D. speak

C. will be

D. have been

7. Bread and butter ________ what she asks for. A. is

B. are

8. Either John or his wife ________ breakfast each morning. A. make

B. is making

C. makes

D. made

9. Some of the milk I bought last night ________ not fresh anymore. A. is

B. is being

C. are

D. am

10. The use of credit cards in place of cash ________ increased rapidly in recent years. A. to have

B. have

C. has

D. having

C. be

D. have been

11. Neither of the answer ________ correct. A. are

B. is

12. The weather in the southern states ________ very hot during the summer. A. get

B. have got

C. is got

D. gets

13. Each of the residents in this community ________ responsible for keeping this park clean. A. is

B. am

C. are

14. Anything ________ better than going to the movies tonight.

D. were

PH N 1

A. is

PHÁP T

B. are

V NG

C. am

D. were

C. are

D. were

15. What time ________ the news on TV? A. is

B. am

16. The effects of cigarette smoking ________ been proven to extremely harmful. A. have

B. has

C. to have

D. having

17. Advertisements on TV ________ becoming more competitive than ever before. A. is

B. are

C. was

D. am

18. One of the countries I would like to visit ________ Italy. A. be

B. are

C. am

D. is

19. Three weeks ________ not enough for the holidays. A. are

B. were

C. was

D. be

20. Linguistics ________ out the ways in which languages work. A. find

B. founded

C. finds

D. finding

1. Gi i thích: Khi ch ng b D

M ib

u b ng

ng t chia

s ít.

u có m t ph n trong công vi c.

2. ng t chia theo N1 (the quality).

Gi i thích:

ng t chia

ít. D

ng c a nh ng b n ghi âm này không t t l m.

3. Gi i thích: (The number of + N (s nhi u) + V chia s ít) D

ng h c sinh trong l p h c này b gi i h

4. Gi i thích: Trong c u trúc (t c danh t D

ng t chia ph thu c vào danh t sau

ng t ). Không ch có không khí mà c

ô nhi m n ng n .

PH N 1

Gi i thích: Khi ch ng b D

Làm vi c

PHÁP T

u b ng

ho c

V NG -

ng t chia s ít.

nhà máy không ph i là vi c mà tr con nên làm.

6. Gi i thích: (A number of + N (s nhi u) D

R t nhi u h

chia s nhi u) ng này nói ti ng Anh khá trôi ch y.

7. Gi i thích: N u hia ch ng n i nhau b

và có quan h

s nhi u. Tuy nhiên, n u 2 danh t cùng ch m

ng l p

i, m

ng t dùng ng t chia s ít.

y yêu c u.

D 8. Gi i thích: Trong c u trúc ng t chia D

ng t chia theo S2. Tr ng ng ch th i gian là

or S2

thì hi n t

Ho c John ho c v c a ông ta n u b a sáng m i sáng.

9. Gi i thích: C u trúc D

ng t chia theo danh t

M t chút s

10. Gi i thích: N1 of N2 D

ng t chia theo N1. Ch ng

ng t s ít.

Vi c s d ng th tín d ng thay cho ti n m

11. Gi i thích: (Neither (of)/Either of + N (s nhi u) + V chia s ít) D

Không câu tr l

12. Gi i thích: Ch ng chính c D

Th i ti t

ng t chia s ít.

các bang phía Nam r t nóng su t mùa hè.

13. Gi i thích: Each of + N (s nhi u) + V chia s ít D

i dân trong c

ng này ph i có trách nhi m gi gìn công viên này s ch

s . 14.

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

Gi i thích: Các t

ng t

theo sau luôn chia

d ng s ít. Nên ta ch

Làm b t c

i nay.

15. s

Gi i thích:

ng t s ít.

M y gi có b n tin trên TV?

D 16.

ng t chia theo N1.

Gi i thích: N1 of N2 Các

nhi u.

ng c a vi c hút thu

c ch ng minh là r t có h i.

17. Gi i thích: Ch ng c

s nhi

Qu ng cáo trên truy

ng t chia s nhi u.

nên c

h t.

18. Gi i thích: One of + N (s nhi u) + V chia s ít M t trong nh

c tôi mu

19. Gi i thích: Khi ch ng ng t chia

ng ch th i gian, kho ng cách, ti n b c, hay s

s ít.

Ba tu

cho kì ngh

20. Gi i thích: Danh t

ch môn h c, môn th

physics, mathematics, economics,

có hình th c s nhi Ngôn ng h

ng t s ít. c mà các ngôn ng ho

ng.

3. CÂU H Nguyên t c thành l p câu h V

c là (+) thì ph V

Ví d v câu h

-).

c là (-) thì ph i các thì:

PH N 1

NG Thì

Hi n t

PHÁP T

V NG

ng t

- He is handsome, isn't he?

n t i ti p

- They like me, don't they?

- You aren't studying, are you? - She doesn't love you, does

di n

- I am late, aren't I?

Quá kh

- He was reading, wasn't he?

kh ti p

- They weren't surprised, were

di n

they?

she? - He didn't come here, did he? - You came late, did you?

- She will be loved, won't she? - It won't rain, will it? - We shall go out tonight, shan't we? - He hasn't been here all week, has he?

Hi n t i hoàn thành, Hi n

- They have left, haven't they?

t i hoàn thành ti p di n

- She has studied well, hasn't she?

Quá kh hoàn thành, Quá

- They had been working hard, hadn't they?

kh hoàn thành ti p di n

- He hadn't met you before, had he?

M ts

ng v cách chuy ph n câu h

nh, ta b t bu c ph i dùng d ng vi t t

c dùng

Ex: You are a student, aren't you? Câu h

là

Ex: I am going to do it again, aren't I? i v i câu m nh l nh, thì câu h

là

Ex: Close the door, will you? Câu gi i thi u dùng

câu h

Ex: Let's go for a picnic, shall we? Tuy nhiên, L Ch ng là "nothing, anything, everything, something ..." thì câu h Ex: Everything is ok, isn't it?

"it".

PH N 1

Ch ng là nh câu h

it b

PHÁP T

V NG

nh: "everyone, someone, anyone, no one, nobody ...".

"they".

Ex: Somebody wanted a drink, didn't they? Trong câu có các tr ng t ph

nh và bán ph

"never, seldom, hardly,

thì ph n h

d ng kh

nh.

Ex: He seldom drinks wine, does he? You hardly call each other, do you? Ch ng là "this, that", dùng "it" trong câu h

ng là "these those", dùng

"they" trong câu h Ex: This isn't your bag, is it? These are 3 oranges, aren't they? Ch ng là m

danh t

Ex: What you have said is wrong, isn't it? u có: "It seems that + m

", l y m

hình thành câu h

Ex: It seems that you are right, aren't you? u là "I wish", dùng "may" trong câu h Ex: I wish to study English, may I? Ch t là "One", dùng "you" ho c "one" trong câu h Ex: One can be one's master, can't you/one? V i câu c m thán, l y danh t

và dùng "is, am, are".

Ex: What a beautiful dress, isn't it? How intelligent you are, aren't you? u có "Must" thì câu h s c n thi t => dùng "needn't". Ex: They must study hard, needn't they? s c

=> dùng "mustn't"

Ex: You mustn't come late, must you? u có: "I + think, believe, suppose, figure, assume, fancy, imagine, reckon, expect, seem, feel" + m

ph , ta l y m

ph làm câu h

Ex: I think he will come here, won't he? I don't believe Mary can do it, can she?

PH N 1

PHÁP T

u dùng "used to", câu h

V NG

ng "didn't ...".

Ex: She used to live here, didn't she? u có "had better",

n tr

ng t "had

l p câu h

Ex: He'd better stay, hadn't he? u có "would rather",

n tr

ng t "would"

l p câu h

Ex: You'd rather go, wouldn't you? V N D NG

1. Lan enjoys watching TV after dinner, ________? A. does not Lan

B. does not she

C. doesn't Lan

D. doesn't

C. do not you

D. have you

2. You have heard about that, ________? A. don't you

B. haven't you

3. He didn't have to speak to me, ________? A. did he

B. did him

C. didn't he

D. didn't

C. won't you

D. will

B. used he

C. didn't he

D. did he

B. hadn't you

C. didn't I

D. had I

C. aren't there

D. aren't they

C. do they

D. don't they

C. does he

D. isn't he

C. don't you

D. do you

C. will he

D. don't I

4. Come and see me tomorrow, ________? A. don't you

B. do you

5. He used to beat his wife, ________? A. used not he 6. I'd better go, ________? A. hadn't I

7. There's an examination tomorrow, ________? A. isn't there

B. isn't it

8. No one cooks better than his mother, ________? A.does she

B. doesn't she

9. He seldom goes to the library, ________? A. doesn't he

B. is he

10. Let's go for a long walk, ________? A. will we

B. shall we

11. I think he will join us, ________? A. doesn't he

B. won't he

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

12. Let's listen to the radio, ________? A. don't we

B. don't you

C. will we

D. shall we

C. do you

D. won't you

C. could they

D. could it

C. aren't they

D. are they

C. do we

D. don't we

C. is it

D. isn't it

C. had he

D. hadn't he

C. do you

D. don't you

13. Turn off the television, ________? A. don't you

B. will you

14. Nothing could be done, ________? A. couldn't they

B. couldn't it

15. Everybody is here, ________? A. isn't it

B. is it

16. We must hurry, ________? A. must we

B. needn't we

17. This bridge is not very safe, ________? A. isn't this

B. is this

18. He'd better stop smoking, ________? A. does he

B. doesn't he

19. You need to stay longer, ________? A. needn't you

B. need you

20. There are many religions in Malaysia, ________? A. aren't there

B. are there

C. aren't they

D. are they

1. ph n câu h

Gi i thích:

nh, ta b t bu c ph i dùng d ng vi t t

c l i danh t D

c dùng thay th .

Lan thích xem TV sau b a t i ph i không?

2. Gi i thích: V

c chia

thì hi n t i hoàn thành d ng kh

nh nên ta dùng tr

ph n câu h D

chuy

3. Gi i thích:

th ph

nh nên ph n câu h

th kh

nh.

ng t

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

Anh ta không ph i nói chuy n v i tôi ph i không?

D 4.

i v i câu m nh l nh thì câu h

Gi i thích:

là

c không?

D 5.

Gi i thích: V

u có

ph n câu h

là

ph i không?

D 6. Gi i thích: V

u có

n tr

ng t

l p câu h

i không?

D 7.

ph n câu h

Gi i thích: ít;

là

ng t

nhi u.

Có m t bài ki m tra vào ngày mai ph i không?

D 8.

Gi i thích: Ch

là nh

i t

Everyone, someone, anyone, no one,

câu h kh

nh nên ph n câu h

nh.

Không ai n

c u ta ph i không?

9. Gi i thích: Trong câu có các tr ng t ph thì ph n h D

nh và bán ph

d ng kh

Anh ta hi

nh.

n ph i không?

10. Gi i thích: Câu gi i thi u dùng D

câu h

n dài nhé?

11. Gi i thích: expect, seem, feel + m D

thành l p câu h

tham gia cùng chúng ta, li u anh ta có không nh ?

12.

PH N 1

Gi i thích: Câu gi i thi

PHÁP T

V NG

c không?

D 13.

i v i câu m nh l nh thì câu h

Gi i thích: D

là

c không?

14. Gi i thích: Ch ng là "nothing, anything, everything, something ..." thì câu h "it". Trong câu có các tr ng t ph

nh và bán ph thì ph n h

Ch ng th

hardly, scarely, d ng kh

nh.

c ph i không?

15. Gi i thích: Ch câu h D

là nh

i t

nh:

i là

i không?

16. s c n thi t thì dùng

Gi i thích:

trong câu h i

Chúng ta c n ph

17. u bi

Gi i thích: thì câu h D

n thành kh

c ph

nh.

Cây c u này r

18. Gi i thích: V D

u dùng

n tr

ng t

l p câu h

Anh ta nên d ng vi c hút thu c l

19. c dùng là m

Gi i thích:

ng t

B n c n ph i

20.

ng nên tr

ng t trong ph n câu h i

PH N 1

Gi i thích: Ch ng thì câu h

PHÁP T

V NG

c kh

n thành ph

nh.

Có r t nhi u tôn giáo

4. M V

C MU N n, m

d ng v i 2 m Gi

Th hi n ý mu n làm

nh (di n t

c mu n)

c l i hi n

gì (c a b n thân)

Th hi n s phàn nàn ho c mu

c l i quá

t i

làm gì

C u trúc C u trúc: wish (that) C u trúc: wish (that) C u trúc: A + wish Wish = want = + S + V(ed)

(that) + B + would do

+ S + had PII

sth

would like + (sb) + to do sth Ex: I wish to pass the entrance exam.

answer. I wish I knew the answer.

I wish I had gone stop making noise. I to his party.

wish it would stop raining

Trong câu

I wish you to become a

c không có

good teacher. C u

th t

summer.

ng t t c các

somebody

something:

hard

hi n t i, ta dùng n

trúc: wish sb sth

Ex: I wish they would

party.

ngôi.

Ex: I wish you happy birthday.

Ex:

If only I were the best student in the class. You are driving too dangerously. If only you would drive slowly.

V N D NG 1. I wish I ________ a trip to London last year. A. took

B. will take

C. take

D. had taken

PH N 1

PHĂ P T

V NG

2. She wishes she ________ a lot of money now. A. will have

B. had

C. had had

D. has

3. The weather was terrible. I wish it ________ warmer. A. has been

B. was

C. were

D. had been

4. Kevin never seemsto get tired. I wish I ________his energy. A. can have

B. have had

C. had

D. would have

5. I wish I _________ you some money for yo A. can lend

B. could lend

C. would lend

D. will lend

B. knew

C. knows

D. has known

B. will

C. are

D. were

6. people. A. will know 7. A. can

8. I miss my old motorbike. I wish I _____it. I had it for years. C. had sold 9. Jill regrets having bought that second-hand laptop. She wishes she ______.

10. A. had been there

B. was there

C. could have been there

D. should have been there

11. A. could study

B. had studied

C. have studied

D. would have studied

12. A. brought

B. would have brought

C. could have brought

D. had brought

13. I wish I ______more careful with my money in the future. A. would be

B. should be

C. could be

D. had been

B. can speak

C. would speak

D. could speak

14. A. speak

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

15. A. were

B. have had

C. had

D. did

C. did

D. had

B. are going to stop

C. stop

D. can stop

16.

17. A. would stop

18. If only I _________you wanted to invest money in business. A. had known

B. knew

C. have known

D. know

19. If only ________taller, I might be better at basket ball. A. I am

B. I were

C. I be

D. I have been

20. If only Judhead _________a little more responsible in his choice of courses! A. was

B. were

C. is

D. are

1. Gi i thích:

c không có th t

quá kh .

c không có th t

hi n t i.

D 2. Gi i thích: D

Cô

c bây gi cô y có th t nhi u ti n

3. c không có th t

Gi i thích: D

quá kh .

Th i ti t th t là t i t

4. c không có th t

Gi i thích: D

Kevin có v

hi n t i. m tm

c ngu

c a anh y. 5. Gi i thích: D

c không có th t

hi n t i.

c tôi có th cho b n vay ít ti

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

6. c không có th t trong hi n t i.

Gi i thích:

Cô y c m th

i vì cô y không bi t nhi

mình bi t nhi 7. c không có th t

Gi i thích:

hi n t i. -

c là b n có th

8. c không có th t trong quá kh .

Gi i thích:

Tôi r t nh chi

c nhi

9. c th c t trong quá kh .

Gi i thích: D

Jill ti

10. c không có th t trong quá kh

Gi i thích: D

Tôi l y làm ti

ig pl

a mình

b a ti c c a

b 11. Gi i thích: D

c không có th t trong quá kh . t ti c b

t bài ki

c là

12. Gi i thích: D

c không có th t trong hi n t i v l cr

y. Giá mà chúng ta mang b

13. Gi i thích: D

: S + wish(es) + sb + would do sth. c tôi s c n th

i ti n c

14. Gi i thích: C

c không có th t trong hi n t i.

theo

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

n nói ti ng Anh t t l

nói m t

ngôn ng khác t 15. c không có th t trong quá kh .

Gi i thích:

n có xem tr n b

16. c không có th t trong quá kh

Gi i thích:

c là t

không làm th 17. Gi i thích:

S+ wish(es) + sb + would do sth c b n s ng ng làm n. Nó gây phi n hà cho tôi.

D 18.

c không có th t

Gi i thích:

quá kh

t b n mu

n b c vào vi c kinh doanh.

19. Gi i thích: C u trúc:

u không có th t

hi n t i

t bóng r .

20. Gi i thích: C

c không có th t

hi n t i.

t chút trong s l a ch n khóa kh c c a

D mình.

NG T

KHUY T THI U (MODAL VERBS)

ng t khuy t thi u

Cách s d ng

Ví d n t m t kh

- I can draw well. - Could you open the door,

Di n t l Can/could

ngh , g i ý hay l i yêu c u

Phân bi hi n kh .

please?

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG , thành

công trong vi Ex: I finished my work early, so I was able to go out with her - Di n t m t kh May/might

x y ra (mang - It might be true.

tính ch t tình hu ng)

- May/Might I put the TV on?

- Di

- Yes, you may.

t s xin phép

- Di n t m t s mong mu n, m t l i h a -All right! I will pay you at the Will/would

hay m t s qu quy t

rate you ask.

- L i yêu c

- Would you please show me

ngh l ch s

the way to Ha Dong Market? - Di n t s

ng bách, b t bu c

All candidates must answer 10 question.

Phân bi b t bu c

b t bu Must/have to

n t hoàn c nh bên ngoài.

Trong câu ph

nh, s khác bi t khá rõ

ràng:

ph i c phép ng t khuy t thi u

Cách s d ng di

Should/Ought to /Had better Would rather

Dare Need

hay s

Ví d t l i khuyên

wear a coat when you go out.

S + would rather + (not) V-

I would rather stay at home

S + would rather (that) + S + Ved/had P II

(than go to the movie)

V a có th

ng t khuy t

thi u, v a có th

ng t

my homework. - Dare he/ Dóe he dare to

Used to

speak to her?

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG this way

must have PII: D

t vi c ch c ch

y ra trong quá kh

Ex: He got really high scores. He must have worked hard. II:

c ch n 100% không th x y ra trong quá kh

May/might have PII: d

n ra trong quá kh (70-

y ra Ex: He lost his key. He might have come into the house through the window. c t thì không làm

should have PII: Ex: You should have informed me of your arrival II:

không c n làm gì trong quá kh kk

k V N D NG

1. We are now wet. You _______the raincoats with you. A. should bring

B. should have brought

C. must bring

D. have to bring

2. The yard is wet. It ________last night. A. must rain

B. must have rain

C. must have rained

D. had to rain

3. A. not to serve

B. not seving

C. not serve

D. serving not

4. A. to work/to stay

B. work/stay

C. working/staying

D. worked/tayed

ã làm

PH N 1

PHĂ P T

V NG

5. He ________all that money, so he could save some.

6. He spent all that money last week. He _______so much. pend

7. A. to go

B. went

C. go

D. going

8. I would rather ______poor but happy than become rich without happiness. A. being

B. be

C. to be

D. was

9. She ________, but luckily, a lifeguard spotted her and rescued her. A. has drowned

B. ought to drown

C. could have drowned

D. might down

10. In 1990, the world had no deaths from rabies. Scientists ________wonderful vaccine. A. has discovered

B. discovered

C. must have discovered

D. should have discovered

11.

B. My assignment must have been submitted today.

D. May assignment is required to submit by today. 12. It was a mistake of you to lose your passport.

B. There must be a mistake in your passport.

D. Your passport must be lost. 13. My car keys are possibly in the kitchen.

PH N 1

PHĂ P T

V NG

A. My car keys should be put in the kitchen. B. My car keys cannot be in the kitchen.

D. My car keys might be in the kitchen. 14. A: John passed his exam with a distinction B: __________. A. He was too lazy to scceed.

C. He must have studied very hard. D. He needs studying harder. 15. The computer does not work. It _____during transportation. A. must have damaged

B. should have been damaged

C. must have been damaged D. can be damaging 16. You ______the air pressure in your tires if you do not want to get a flat tire on your trip A. should be checked

B. do not have to check D. ought to check

17. swollen A. mus be crying

B. can have been cried

C. will have cried

D. must have cried

18. Hiking the trail to to peak ____be dangerous if you are not well prepared for dramatic weather changes A. might

B. should

C. had better 19. Look! She is laughing. She _____ something funny or happy. A. must have

B. must have had

C. could have had

D. should have had

20. Are you joking? David _____ a new car last week. I am sure that he did not have money. B. would be buying C. may have bought

have bought

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

1. Gi i thích: Ta hi u r ng nh ng chi

xu t hi n trong gi

nh c

i nói, còn

th c t thì không. t c r i, l ra b n ph i mang theo m

2. di

Gi i thích:

tm td

trong quá kh , có d n ch ng, ta s d C

ng g

c ch n x y ra

must have + PII

t, ch

3. Gi i thích: Ta s d ng

t m t mong mu n c a b n thân trong

m t tình hu ng c th . Cô y nói v i tôi r ng cô y không mu n làm vi c trong y ban.

D 4.

Gi i thích: C u trúc : Tôi thích làm vi

nhà.

5. Gi i thích: Ta dùng c

di n t s c n thi t c a m

Anh ta không c n tiêu h t kho n ti

y có th ti t ki m m t s

ti n. 6. ch m

Gi i thích: c nh

t c n thi t ph i x y ra trong quá kh

n l i không làm. t c s ti n này tu

D 7. Gi i thích: C D

ng. B

8. Gi i thích: C u trúc

PH N 1 D

PHÁP T

V NG

Tôi thích nghèo mà h

nh phúc.

9. Gi i thích: C u trúc câu d

trong quá kh

m ch quan c

ch m t kh

x y ra

i nói và không có m t b ng ch ng c th

nào. D

Cô y có th

ay m

ib ov

cô y. 10. Gi i thích: C u trúc câu d

di n t m

ng ch c ch

x y ra trong quá kh và có ch ng c rõ ràng. gi

D h c ch

ng ca t vong vì b nh d i. Các nhà khoa

c hi u.

11. , b n ph n.

Gi i thích: D

Tôi không b t bu c ph i n p bài t p hôm nay. i: c phép n p bài t p hôm nay.

B. Bài t p c a tôi ch c ch

c n p hôm nay.

D. Bài t p c a tôi b t bu c ph

c n p trong ngày hôm nay.

12. i c a b n khi làm m t h chi u, = A.B

ra không nên làm m t

h chi u. i: B. Ch c ch n có m t l i trong h chi u c a b n. C. B

ra không c n mang theo h chi u.

D. H chi u c a b n ch c ch n b m t. 13. Gi i thích: Ta dùng c D

ch m t d

Chìa khóa ô tô c a tôi có th

trong phòng b p.

i: trong b p.

x y ra (possibly).

PH N 1

NG trong b

B. Chìa khóa xe không th

PHÁP T

V NG

C. Tôi không bi t li u chìa khóa xe tôi có trong b p không. 14. Gi i thích: Ta dùng c u trúc câu d

u ch c

ch n x y ra trong quá kh . t qua bài ki m tra v i m

D B: Ch c ch n c

m s xu t s c. .

15. Gi i thích:

m t vi c ch c ch n x y ra trong quá kh ;

tm tl

Cái máy tính không ho

ra nên làm gì trong quá kh nói v kh

ng. Ch c ch

n t i.

h ng trong quá trình v n

chuy n. 16. Gi i thích:

i khuyên;

phép; B n nên ki m tra

D chuy

p xe n u không mu n b h ng l p trên

a mình.

17. Gi i thích: b ng ch ng xác th c; D cô l

II II

Cô ta ch c ch

t vi c ch c ch n x y ra trong quá kh , có d

t vi c có th x y ra trong quá kh .

t nhi u sau tai n n c a ch

o sao m t

18. Gi i thích:

nói v kh

-inf: c phép.

nh núi có th gây nguy hi m n u b n không chu n

D b t t cho nh

v m t th i ti t.

19. Gi i thích: D

u gì ch c ch n x y ra trong quá kh

i phá lên. Ch c ch n cô ta có chuy n vui.

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

20. Gi i thích :

quá kh ; ch

c ch n 100% không th x y ra trong di n ra trong quá kh (70-

y ra. B

c ch n không mua xe m i tu

c. Tôi ch c ch n

là anh ta không có ti n

6. C

NG T

M ts c

(PHRASAL VERBS)

ng t

ng g p

Beak down: b Break in:

Make sth up: b

t nh p

quy

Break up with: chia tay

Pick sb up:

Bring sth up:

Put off: trì hoãn

c p

Bring sb up: nuôi n ng (con cái)

Look forward to: mong m i

Call for sth: c

Look into: nghiên c u

Carry out: th c hi n (k ho ch)

Look up: tra (t

Catch up with: theo k p

Look up to: kính tr

Check in: làm th t c vào khách s n

Put up with: ch

Check out: làm th t c ra khách s n

Run into: vô tình g p

Come up against sth:

Run out of: h

i m t v i ai

Come up with:

Settle down:

n, danh b ) ng m ng

nh cu c s ng t i m t ch

Count on: tin c y, d a vào Cut down on sth: c t gi m

Show off: khoe khoang

Do away with: b

Show up: xu t hi n

Drop by: ghé qua

Slow down: ch m l i

Drop sb off: th ai xu ng xe

Speend up:

End up: có k t c c = wind up

Stand for: vi t t t cho ch

Figure out: suy ra

Take off: c t cánh (máy bay), tr nên th nh

Find out: tìm ra

ng, s n ph m)

Get along/on with: h p nhau/h p v

Take up: b

Get rid of sth: b

(th thao, s thích, môn h c)

u làm m t ho t m i

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

Give up: t b

Talk sb into sth: d

Go off: reo, n (chuông, bom)

Tell sb off: la r

Go on: ti p t c

Turn down: v n nh l i

Let sb down:

t v ng

Turn off: t t

Look after:

Turn on: m

Look at sth:

Turn sb down: t ch i

Look down on:

Wear out: mòn, làm mòn

Look for: tìm ki m

Work out: t p th d c, có k t qu t

Work sth out: V N D NG

1. The bus company _________the threat it had received, so its check all of its buses for explosives. A. hit out

B. acetd on

C. gave in

D. worked off

2. Saturday in October.

3. British naval ships _________the German battleship, the Bismarck, with numerous shells an torpedoes. A. threw out

B. put across

C. went at

D. touched down

4. towards his home. A. went under

B. passed out

C. stayed behind

D. fell away

5. The first person to __________ the idea of nuclear fission was a Hungarian physicist named Leo Slizard. A. go out with

B. catch up on

C. come up with

D. fill up with

B. make out

C. look for

D. turn down

6. ho. A. see off

7. The police thought they would find the man they were looking for at the hotel, but he had ________ the day before. 38

PH N 1

A.checked out

PHĂ P T

B.left over

V NG

C. run down

D. gone up

8. Jane had intended to spend eleven hours a day studying in the three months before the exam,

A. take off

B. carry away

C. get up

D. keep to

9. I know that your situation seems very bad at the moment, but your problems will soon ______. A. take after

B. blow over

C. hang out

D. live down

10. story about a crash having blocked up the road. A. made up

B. pulled away

C. spoke for

D. watched out

A. wearing on

B. trying out

C. doing up

D. pulling over

11.

12. Because Margot was such a bad liar, the school principal could easily see ____________ the excuse she had made ____________ to explain her absence.

13. When the city of La Rochelle was besieged by French forces, it managed to ____________ them ___________ for over a year before it surrendered. h

B. hold ... off

14. In 1919, Sir Reginald Fleming Johnston was ___________ as a tutor to Puyi, who was the last emperor of China. A. brought about

B. taken on

C. caught out

D. kept in

C. look back on

D. watch out for

15. The vice-president is going to ________ president is out of the country. A. stand in for

B. live up to

16. During one of his sea voyages, the Italian navigator Alvise Cadamcsto __________ the Cape Verde Islands. A. came across

B. ran out

C. landed with

D. looked after

A. Get off

B. Carry out

C. Run up

D. Hold on

17.

18. Marissa tried to ___________ her badly recorded CD __________, but the music shop

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

19. Through the dense fog in the harbor, the captain and crew were barely able to _________ the lights on the dock. A. look up

B. make out

C. go ahead

D. see out

20. Samuel Richardson, as the book contains 1,536 pages. A. get through

B. look after

C. make for

D. end up

1. c gì d a trên thông tin hay ch d n nh

Gi i thích: D c

: Công ty v n t

c d a trên m

c c, ki m tra t t

tìm ki m ch t n . i:

A. Hit out: ch trích. u hàng, giao n p u không hay

D. Work off: làm vi 2. Gi i thích: Set sth back: v n l D

ng quên v n l

ng h ), làm ch m l i ng h c a b

c m t gi t

B y cu i

cùng c a tháng 10. Cá

A. Clear sth up: d n d p s ch, gi i quy t hay gi B.

u gì

t xu ng, t b

3. Gi i thích: Go at: t n công D

Các tàu h i quân c

n công tàu chi n c

l i: tb

i ra, ph

c, Bismarck, v i nhi u

PH N 1

PHÁP T

B. Put across: thành công trong vi c truy

V NG

ng, c m xúc t i ai

D. Touch down: (máy bay) h cánh 4. Gi i thích: Pass out: ng t x u Jason c m th y m t m

ngày, vì v y anh y g n ng

i v nhà mình. i: A. Go under: chìm xu ng; b phá s n C. Stay behind: nán l i,

l i sau

D. Fall away: gi m xu ng; bi n m t 5. ng, n

Gi i thích:

ng v h t nhân là m t nhà v t lý Hungary mang tên

D Leo Slizard.

A. Go out with sb: có quan h tình c m v i ai B. Catch up on: làm gì mà l ra nên làm t y b i cái gì 6. c

Gi i thích: D

Tôi tìm th y b c

hi u, tôi

không th bi t ai là ai. i: i B. Look for: tìm ki m D. Turn down: t ch i, gi

ng)

7. Gi i thích: Check out: thanh toán ti D

tr phòng khách s n, r

ng h s tìm th

m t i khách s n,

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

B. Leave over: b th a C. Run down: gi m (v s

ng), y

c lên

D. Go up 8.

Gi i thích: Keep to the plan: làm theo k ho ch i m t gi m

c khi thi,

y r ng cô y không th làm theo k ho ch c a mình. l i: A. Take off: c i ra, tháo ra, c t cánh B. Carry away: cu n hút, say mê C. Get up: th c d

cd y

9. n

Gi i thích: D

Tôi bi t r ng tình hình c a b n có v

t t i t vào lú

c ab ns s i: A. Take after: gi n áo, s ng c 10. Gi i thích: Make up a story: b a ra m t câu chuy n D

Harvey không mu n nói v i ông ch c a mình lý do th c s t i sao anh ta l

mu n, vì v

a ra câu chuy n v m t v tai n

n tr giao thông.

i: c (t m t v trí c C. Speak for: nói thay m

nh)

i di n

D. Watch out: coi ch ng, c n th n 11. (bu c ch t) phù h p.

Gi i thích: D

B i vì tôi không thích bu

không có dây bu c.

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

B. Try out: dung th D. Pull over: d ch sang m

vào l

12. Gi i thích: See through: nh n rõ Make up: b a ra, t o ra (câu chuy n) D

B i vì Margot là m t k chuyên nói d i, hi

ng có th d dàng nhìn

gi i thích v s v ng m t c a mình. i: n s h u cho ai

C. See out: ti n ra c

ng c

13. Gi i thích: Hold off: trì hoãn, c m c D

Khi thành ph La Rochelle b các l

ng Pháp bao vây, h

g ng c m c

u hang. i: A. See through: nh n rõ, k t thúc C. Put on: m

i, b t lên, bi u di n

D. Wear out: rách, mòn 14. Gi i thích: Take on: nh n (trách nhi m, công vi c), nh n ai vào làm c nh n vào làm tr giáo cho

D cu i cùng c a Trung Qu c. i: A. Bring about: gây ra, chuy

ng di chuy n

C. Catch out: b t qu tang D. Keep in: v n còn

bên trong, cung c

, ti p t c cháy

15. Gi i thích: Stand in for: thay m t cho

PH N 1 D

PHÁP T

V NG

Phó T ng th ng s thay m t cho T ng th ng trong bu i gây qu t i nay, khi

T ng th

c ngoài. i:

B. Live up to: x

n u gì trong quá kh

C. Look back on: nhìn l D. Watch out for: c 16.

t qua, tình c b t g p

Gi i thích: D

Trong m t chuy

c b t g p qu

o Cape Verde.

B. Run out: r i b , h t, không còn n a C. Land with: bu c ai ph i ch p nh n

u gì (m t gánh n ng)

u trách nhi m 17. Gi i thích: Hold on: ch D

quên chìa khóa trong túi khác c a mình

i: A. Get off: d

i hành, b

u (m t tình b n)

B. Carry out: th c hi n, ti n hành C. Run up: kéo (c ), ch

18. Gi i thích: Take sth back: l y l g

i l i; rút l i (l i nói) il

a mình,

a hang âm nh c không cho

t gi y biên nh n. i: A. Hand down: truy n t th h này sang th h khác B. Do sth over: làm l i t

u; trang trí l i

C. Follow sth through: ti p t

n khi hoàn thành, xem xét h u qu c a cái gì

19. Gi i thích: Make out: nhìn th

c, nh n ra

PH N 1

NG c

D không th phát hi

PHÁP T

V NG

b n c ng, thuy

n tàu. i:

A. Look up: c i thi n; tra c u (t

c, ti n hành làm gì

C. Go ahead: ti D. See out: ti n ra c 20.

Gi i thích: Get through: hoàn thành vi c gì, Ph i m

D gái tr

c hi

c h t cu n sách.

c xong cu

ch s c a m t cô

a tác gi Samuel Richardson, b i vì cu n sách dày 1,536 trang. i:

i, ti n t i, d

n, là nguyên nhân c a vi c gì

D. End up: k t thúc, ch m d t

7. NGUYÊN M

INFINITIVE/BARE-INFINITIVE) 1. Nguyên m

-infinitive)

ng t nguyên m

c dung làm:

- Ch ng c a câu: To become a famous lawyer is my dream. - B ng cho ch ng : What I like is to cook and to serve it to my family. - Tân ng c

ng t : It was late, so we decided to stay in a hotel.

- Tân ng c a tính t M ts

to see you.

ng t : V + sbd + to-inf

Assume (cho r ng)

M ts

ng d n)

Allow (cho phép)

Invite (m i)

Advise (khuyên)

Order (yêu c u)

Beg (c u xin)

Permit (cho phép)

Believe (tin)

Persuade (thuy t ph c) Appear (có v )

Cause (gây, khi n cho)

Remind (nh c nh )

Challenge (thách th c) Cammand (yêu c u)

ng ý)

Request (yêu c u)

Arrange (s p x p)

Ask (yêu c u) Attempt (c g ng) Care (quan tâm)

ngh ) Plan (d

ngh )

ng t : V+ to inf

nh)

Prepare (chu n b ) Pretend (gi v ) Promise (h a) ngh ) Refuse (t ch i)

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

Compel (b t bu c)

Teach (d y)

Choose (l a ch n)

Consider (xem xét)

Tell (b o, yêu c u)

Claim (th a nh n)

Enable (cho phép)

Urge (gi c)

Decide (quy

Expect (hi v ng)

Want (mu n)

Deserve (x

Volunteer (tình nguy n)

Forbid (c m)

Warn (c nh báo)

Fail (th t b i)

Vow (th )

Happen (tình c )

Want (mu n)

Force (b t)

c mu n )

Swear (th ) ng)

nh)

ng l

c mu n)

Hope (hi v ng)

Would hate (ghét)

Intend (d

Would like (mu n)

nh)

Learn (h c)

Would love (mu n)

Manage (xoay s )

Would prefer (mu

Need (c n)

Yearn (khát khao)

Neglect (th

Urge (thúc gi c)

* Note: - allow/permit/advise/recommend + O + to-inf Ex: She allowed me to use her pen. - allow/permit/advise/recommend + V-ing

M t s c u trúc theo sau b i V-inf I work overtime to/in order to/so as to earn more

làm gì

money. n bao nhiêu

th i gian làm gì Be about to do sth = be going to do sth: chu n b làm gì

Be (a/an) noun to V

it b

It took him a day to finish the report.

The man is about to step on the boat.

It was a great honour to be invited here to day

nh + to V

Find it adj to V: th

nào

I find it difficult to learn new words.

PH N 1

u tiên/th

hai/cu

PHÁP T

V NG

t She is the only person in her village to study abroad.

làm gì làm gì

He is too short to become a pilot.

làm gì

He is

làm gì

-infinitive)

2. Nguyên m C U TRÚC: V + O + bare-inf Các v trí c a bare-inf: Theo sau tr

Theo sau tr ng t

t khuy t thi u

Theo sau tân ng - Nhóm Theo sau tân ng

ng t

iv i

toàn b

ng)

Can Could

Let (cho phép)

See (nhìn th y)

Does

May Might

Have (nh ai, thuê ai)

Hear (nghe)

Did

Must

Make (khi n)

Feel (c m th y)

Shall

Ought to Should

)

Will Would

Watch (xem) ý)

Need Dare Have to Used to

V N D NG 1. He demanded _____________ to the manager. A. speak

B. to speak

C. to have speaking

D. be speaking

2. I offered _________. A. help

B. to have helped

C. to help

D. be helping

A. to arriving

B. to arrive

C. arrive

D. be arrived

4. I choose _____________ here rather than anywhere else. A. to work

B. work

C. to be work

D. be worked

PH N 1

PHĂ P T

V NG

5. It seems ______________ raining. A. be

B. to be

C. to have

D. have

6. He made me ____________ your proposal. A. turn down

B. to turn down

C. to have turned down

D. be turning down

7. Finally, I managed ____________ the work. A. finish

B. to finish

C. to have finishing

D. be finished

A. to buy

B. to have bought

C. be buying

D. buy

A. to come

B. come

C. to coming

D. be coming

10. I prepared _____________ on holiday. A. to be gone

B. to go

C. going

D. to have gone

11. A. to listen/continue

B. to listen/to continue

C. listen/to continue

D. listen/continue

12. The questions are easy ___________. We hope ____________ high scores. A. to answer/to get

B. answer/to get

C. to answer/to have got

D. answer/get

13. The man asked me how ____________ to the airport. He said he had to _________ the 9.00 plane to Paris. A. get/to take

B. to have got/take

C. to get/take

D. get/take

14. She wanted __________ home, but her boss made her ___________ until the work has finished. A. to go/to stay

B. to go/stay

C. go/to stay

D. go/stay

15. When I lived with my parents, they did not let me __________ TV at night. I was made _________ a lot. A. watch/study

B. watch/to study

C. to watch/study

D. to watch/to study

16. He warned me ____________ all my money in that company. A. not to invest

B. do not invest

C. did not invest

D. not invest

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

17. The teacher expected Sarah ___________ harder. He gave her a lot of homework ________. A. studied/do

B. study/to do

C. study/doing

D. to study/to do

18. The robbers forced the bank manager ___________ the safe. A. to open

B. open

C. to have opened

D. to be opening

19. A. take

B. to take

C. to have taking

D. be taken

20. She has the hairdresser ___________ my hair every month. A. cut

B. be cut

C. to cut

D. to have cut

1. Gi i thích: demand to V: yêu c D

i làm gì

Anh ta yêu c

n v i qu n lí.

2. Gi i thích: D

ngh làm gì. ngh

3. Gi i thích: would hate to V: ghét ph i làm gì D

Tôi ghét vi

n quá mu n.

4. Gi i thích: choose to V: ch n l a làm gì. D

Tôi ch n làm

5. Gi i thích:

nào;

ng t

t o

thành ti p di D 6. Gi i thích: make somebody V: khi n ai làm gì; do không nh n m nh s ti p di n nên không dung D

Anh ta khi n tôi ph i t ch i l

ngh c a b n.

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

7. Gi i thích: manage to V: xoay x làm gì Cu

hoàn thành xong công vi c

8. Gi i thích: afford to V

u ki

làm gì; do kh ng nh n m nh tính hoàn thành nên

u tr ng ng th c. Không may, chúng tôi không th

u ki

mua m t chi c ô tô m i vào

9. Gi i thích:

n làm gì Tôi mu

10. Gi i thích: prepare to V: chu n b cho làm gì. N chu n b cho vi

ch r i, không h p lí. n b cho vi

ch.

11. Gi i thích: refuse to V: t ch i làm gì; decide to V: quy H t ch i l

D 12.

ngh c a Tim. H quy

nh làm gì

nh ti p t c công vi c.

án A. Gi i thích:

làm gì; hope to V: hi v ng có th làm gì Nh ng câu h i khá d

tr l i. Chúng tôi hi v ng có th

m cao.

13. Gi i thích:

nào; have to V: ph i làm gì n sân bay. Anh ta nói anh ta ph i bay chuy n

D n Paris. 14.

Gi i thích: want to V: mu n làm gì; make somebody V: b t/ khi n ai làm gì D

Cô y mu n v

ông ch b t cô y ph i

hoàn t t. 15.

n khi công vi c

PH N 1

V NG

ai làm gì; make sb V: b t/ khi n ai làm gì. Tuy nhiên, v

Gi i thích: chia

PHÁP T

b Khi tôi còn s ng v i ba m , h

b t

ph i h c r t nhi u. 16. Gi i thích: warn sb not to V: c

c làm gì

Anh ta c

t c ti

17. Gi i thích: expect sb to V: mong mu

làm gì

Th y giáo mong mu n Sarah h

t nhi u bài t p

làm.

v 18.

Gi i thích: force sb to V: b Nh

ng ch ai làm gì

i qu n lí ngân hàng m két s t.

19. Gi i thích: B n nên nghe l i khuyên c a cha.

D 20.

Gi i thích: have sb V: nh , thuê ai làm gì Tôi c

NG T ng t có th

i th c t tóc c t cho tôi) m i tháng.

(GERUNDS) c dùng làm:

- Ch t c a câu: Swimming is my favourite sport. - B ng c - Tân ng c

ng t : My hobby is collecting stamps. ng t : I enjoy traveling.

Theo sau tân ng - Nhóm M ts

ng t : V + Gerund

ng t

iv im t

ph n c Admit (thú nh n)

Miss (B l )

See (nhìn th y)

ng)

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

Appreciate (c m kích)

Postpone (trì hoãn)

Hear (nghe)

Avoid (tránh)

Practice (th c hành)

Feel (c m th y)

Delay (trì hoãn)\

Recall (nh l i)

Watch (xem)

Deny (ph nh n)

Recollect (nh l i)

Discuss (th o lu n)

Report (báo cáo)

Enjoy (thích thú)

Resent (không hài lòng, ng)

t c gi n)

Involve (có liên quan)

Resist (ph n kháng)

Keep (ti p t c)

Risk (li ngh )

c p) Tolerate (ch

Mind (phi n)

Các c

ý)

ng)

i Gerund

To be busy V-ing: b n làm gì

it in before deadline.

Look forward to V-ing: mong ch làm gì

I look forward to hearing from you

Feel like + V-ing: thích/ mu n làm gì

Do you feel like going out?

There is no point in V-ing: làm gì là ch ng có ích -

oo much time on this issue. -ing: ch ng có ích khi

làm gì To be/get used to/ accustomed to V-ing: quen làm gì Spend time/money V-ing: dành th i gian, ti n b c làm gì

I am used to getting early in the morning.

They spent two hours making the cake.

Cannot bear/stand + V-ing: không th ch u c vi c làm gì Cannot help + V-ing: không th nh n làm gì

PH N 1

PHÁP T

M t s khác bi t trong các cách s d

V NG

+ Bare Inf trình

+ Gerund

+ O + To Inf advise, recommend, allow, permit, encourage, require + Gerund

+ To Inf forget, remember + Gerund

+ To Inf stop + Gerund

+ To Inf try + Gerund

PH N 1

PHĂ P T

V NG

+ To Inf mean + Gerund

+ To Inf need + Gerund

V N D NG 1. She hates ___________ housework at weekends. A. doing

B.do

C. to be doing

D. being done

2. My friends has given up ___________ and prefers ___________pork. A. drink/eat

B. to drink/eating

C. drinking/eating

D. drank/eat

___________her what I thought even if it upset her.

3. A. to tell

B. told

C. tell

D. telling

4. __________ in a foreign country can be very difficult. A. Live

B. Living

C. Lived

D. To living

5. I am very tired of______________to her complaints day after day. A. listen

B. listening

C. to listen

D. listened

6. I think your house really needs _______________. A. for repainting

B. to repaint

C. being repainted

D. to be repainted

7. I consider ___________the job, but in the end I decided against doing it. A. to take

B. taking

C. to be take

D. took

8. Do stop __________ . I am doing my homework. A. talk

B. talking

C. to talk

D. talked

9. Judy suggested ______________ for a walk but no one else wanted to. A. to go

B. go

C. going

D. went

10. I asked them to be quiet but they kept ___________. A. to talk

B. talk

C. talking

11. Her mother prevented her from__________ mobile phone.

D. to be talked

PH N 1

A. use

PHÁP T

B. to use

V NG

C. using

D. not to use

C. to tell

D. telling

12. The girl denied __________ the news. A. tell

B. told

13. I remember __________ a toy car on my fifth birthday. A. to be given

B. being given

C. to give

D. giving

____________ the housework, but he hates to do the

14. cooking. A. do

B. doing

C. done

D. to do

15. The boy insisted on ___________a break after lunch. A. having

B. to have

C. not to have

D. have

C. player

D. playing

16. She is keen on _______________with a doll. A. plays

B. to play

17. He thanked her for ___________him some money. A. lend

B. to lend

C. lending

D. not lend

18. I enjoy ______to a number of programs on the radio. I am also fond of _________ novels. A. to listen/ to read

B. listening/reading

C. to listen/reading

D. listening/to read

19. No one will leave classroom until the guilty student admits _________the money. A. steal

B. stealing

C. to steal

D. stolen

20. Jack Anderson was caught ___________a match at the time of the fire. He was accused of ________ the fire. A. to hold/set

B. held/setting

C. holding/to set

D. holding/setting

1. Gi i thích: hate doing sth: ghét làm gì D

Cô y ghét làm bài t p v nhà cu i tu n

2. Gi i thích: give up + V-ing: t b cái gì/prefer + VD

i b n c a tôi t b

u ng có c

3. Gi i thích: regret V-ing: h i ti

u gì

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

Tôi không h i ti c v vi c nói cho cô y nh

m chí là khi nó làm

cô y phi n lòng. 4. Gi i thích: Ta s d

ng t d

Vi c s ng

t danh t

u câu làm ch ng

c ngoài có th s

5. Gi i thích: to be tired of doing sth: chán làm gì ng l i phàn nàn c a cô y ngày này qua ngày khác r i.

D 6.

D. Gi i thích: need V-ing = need to be PII (câu b ab

v t) i.

7. Gi i thích: consider doing sth: cân nh c làm vi c gì; consider sb/sth do sth D

Tôi cân nh c ch n công vi c nà

i cùng tôi quy

nh không làm n a.

8. Gi i thích: stop V-ing: d ng làm gì/stop to do sth: d ng l

ng nói n

làm m t vi c gì. C u trúc

9. Gi i thích:

ngh làm gì ngh

ng ai mu

10. Gi i thích: keep V-ing: ti p t c làm cái gì D

Tôi yêu c u h ph i gi yên l

v n ti p t c nói.

11. Gi i thích: preven D

M cô

n ai làm gì m cô

n tho i.

12. Gi i thích: deny + V-ing: t ch i làm gì D

Cô y t ch i k

13.

PH N 1

PHÁP T

Gi i thích: remember V-ing: nh c

V NG

r to do sth: nh ph i làm gì. pv

a câu. Trong sinh nh t c

t ng, nên dùng b D

Tôi nh

c t ng m

p sinh nh t l n th 5 c a

mình. 14. Gi i thích: mind + V-ing: ng D

u gì

Nói chung, b tôi không ng i làm vi

y l i ghét n

15. Gi i thích: D

16. Gi i thích: to be keen on doing sth: say mê, mi t mài v i cái gì D

Cô y say mê v

17. Gi i thích: D

Anh y c

y vay ti n.

18. Gi i thích: enjoy V-ing: thích làm gì. Sau gi i t D

Tôi thích nghe nhi

c ti u thuy t.

19. Gi i thích: admit V-ing: th a nh n làm gì D

Không ai r i kh i l p h

n khi h c sinh có t i th a nh n tr m ti n.

20. Gi i thích: catch sb V: b t g p ai làm gì c quá trình; catch sb V-ing: b t g b tg

làm gì, m t ph n quá trình. it D

m que diêm nên dùng

Jack Anderson b b t g

m que diêm trên tay vào lúc có h a ho n. Anh

ta b bu c t i phóng h a.

PH N 1

9. PHÂN T

PHÁP T

V NG

(PARTICIPLES)

ng t t

t tính t .

Phân t g m 2 lo i: Hi n t i phân t và quá kh phân t . - Hi n t i phân t

ng t

c thành l p b

ng t . - Quá kh phân t có d 3 trong b ng li

ng t có quy t

ng t n m

c t th

ng t b t quy t c.

Các cách s d ng phân t Hi n t i phân t

Quá kh phân t trong câu. ng t ) ng)

I am interested in the film. Dùng trong các thì ti p di n, di n t y ra t i m t th

ng)

nt i

m nh

hoàn thành, quá kh

hi n t i ti p di n, quá kh ti p di

hoàn thành.

ti p di n, hi n t i hoàn thành ti p di n, quá

Ex:

kh hoàn thành ti p di

- I have been to New York.

thành ti p di n.

- When I came, he had locked the door.

Ex:

- The bridge will have been finished by this

- She is cooking while I am reading.

time next year.

- He has been playing piano for hours.

Dùng trong m

- I will be taking an exam at 8 tomorrow.

Ex:

Dùng trong m

rút g n v i câu ch

rút g n v i câu b

Have you ever read any novel which was

Ex:

written by Marc Levy?

The man who is sitting over there is my

Have you ever read any novel written by

father.

Marc Levy?

The man sitting over there is my father.

The newspaper which was edited by Jane

The flowers which give off a fragrant

was well-known.

perfume are not very expensive.

The newspaper edited by Jane was well-

The flowers giving off a fragrant perfume

known.

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

are not very expensive. Hi n t i phân t -

gi m m câu ch

Quá kh phân t

có cùng ch ng v i

ng.

gi m m câu b

ng.

Ex:

ng di n ra liên t c.

She was punished by her father. She cried.

Ex: She opened the door. She saw him crying. Opening the door, she saw him

(1)

crying. (1)

(2)

Punished by her father, she cried. (2)

(Being punished by her father, she cried.

- Nh n m nh d ng hoàn thành, x m

có cùng ch ng v i

c Having been punished by her father, she

ng khác.

cried.)

After they finished their homework, they went out.

(1)

(2)

Having finished their homework, they went out.

V N D NG

1. __________their work, they went home. A. Finishing

B. Having finished

C. Had finished

D. Finished

C. is standing

D. standing

2. The girl _________behind you is naughty. A. stands

B. stood

3. __________their farm work, the farmers returned home. A. Finishing

B. Finish

C. Having finished

D. Being finished

4. __________by the visitor, the clavichord could not be used. A. Broken

B. Break

C. Breaking

D. Broke

C. eaten

D. ate

5. After _____________ dinner, I watch television. A. eat

B. eating

6. When ___________in international trade, letters of credit are convenient. A. used

B. are used

C. using

7. She swam to the shore__________the night in the water.

D. they used

PH N 1 A. having spent

PHĂ P T

B. having spending

V NG

C. when spending

D. had spent

8. I believe there is somebody____________on the door. A. to knock

B. knock

C. knocked

D. knocking

C. is dressing

D. in dress

9. The lady _________ in blue is her aunt. A. dressed

B. dressing

10. _________from what you say, you are innocent. A. To judge

B. Judging

C. Judge

D. To be judged

C. Having appointed

D. To appoint

11. _________you to the job, he felt calm. A. Appointed

B. Appoint

12. _________so much, the doll is still on the shelf. A. Cost

B. Costs

C. To cost

D. Costing

13. _________at by everyone, he was disappointed. A. Laughed

B. Laugh

C. Laughing

D. In laugh

14. _________anxious to please us, they told us all we wanted to know. A. Be

B. To Be

C. Being

D. In being

15. _________the room, the man was no longer there. A. Entering

B. When we entered

C. On entering

D. Having entered

16. Since __________his new business, Bob has been working 16 hours a day. A. open

B.opening

C. opened

D. of opening ________and

17. ____________. A. frightened/bores

B. frightening/bored

C. frightened/boring

D. frightening/boring ______________in photography.

18. A. interested

B. interesting

C. interest

D. interests

19. The recent oil spill along the Belgian coast resulted in ________ consequences for the industry. A. worried

B. worrying

C. worries

D. worrier

20. Our Design Department has recently purchased the most _________ software available, with the aim of greatly increasing our design capabilities. A. sophisticate

B. sophisticating

C. sophisticated

D. sophistication

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

1. Gi i thích: N i hai m

cùng ch ng

ng t

ng và nh n m nh tính hoàn

ng ta dùng hi n t i phân t

nh n m nh tính hoàn thành

Sau khi làm xong, h v nhà.

D 2.

Gi i thích: Rút g n m khi rút g n

d ng ch

quan h . Câu g ng v

ng sau b n r t ngh ch ng m.

D 3. Gi i thích: Câu g

N i hai câu cùng ch ng

ng sau b n r t ngh ch ng m.

D 4. Gi i thích: Câu g i hai m D

clavichord could not be cùng ch ng

d ng b

ng, ta dùng PII.

B khách làm v

c s d ng n a.

5. Gi i thích: Câu g

n m nh

ng, ta dùng hi n t i phân t D

d ng ch

i, tôi xem TV.

6. Gi i thích: Câu g i hai m D

cùng ch ng

c s d ng trong giao d ch qu c t

ng, ta dùng quá kh phân t PII. ng r t ti n l i.

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

Gi i thích: Câu g g n hai m

cùng ch ng

ng ta dùng hi n t i phân t , do

hoàn thành nên chuy

Sau khi ngâm mình c t

n m nh tính

c, cô

8. Gi i thích: Câu g m

gi m

quan h

ng, ta dùng hi n t i phân t

D 9. Gi i thích: Câu g ch

ng ta dùng hi n t i phân t Quý bà trong b

quan h

m xanh là dì c a cô y.

10. vào. C

Gi i thích: dùng

, ta luôn

vào nh ng gì b n nói, b n vô t i.

D 11. Gi i thích: Câu g cùng ch ng

rút g n m

ng, ta dùng hi n t i phân t , trong câu này nh n m nh tính hoàn thành c chuy

Sau khi ti n c b n cho v

y tho i mái.

12. Gi i thích: Câu g cùng ch ng

rút g n m nh ch

ng ta dùng hi n t i phân t

T n nhi u ti n quá nên con búp bê v n còn n m trên k .

D 13.

Gi i thích: Câu g cùng ch ng B m

D 14.

n m nh b

ng ta dùng quá kh phân t PII. i nh o, anh ta r t th t v ng.

p án C. Gi i thích: Câu g

PH N 1

Rút g n m

cùng ch ng

PHÁP T

V NG

ng, ta dùng hi n t i phân t

Lo l ng khi ph i làm hài lòng chúng tôi, h cung c p cho chúng tôi t t c nh ng

gì chúng tôi mu n bi t. 15. Gi i thích: C

u là gi m m

hi n t i phân t , tuy nhiên hai ch ng khác a) nên không th là d ng hai m nh

cùng ch ng rút g n v phân t

c. a.

D 16. Gi i thích: Câu g nm

cùng ch ng

T khi b

ng.

u m doanh nghi p, Bob làm vi c 16h m t ngày.

17. Gi i thích: Nh ng b phim kinh d gây s hãi và gây nhàm chán,

ng nên ta dùng

Tôi c c thích xem phim kinh d

D r

gái tôi thì không. Ch

úng

và nhàm chán.

18. Gi i thích: interest: gây h ng thú. Nhi p nh gây h ng thu cho b n = B n b gây h ng thú => dùng b

ed. n h ng thu v i nhi p nh.

D 19.

Gi i thích: worry: gây lo ng i. Nh ng h u qu

i lo l ng,

ing D u loang

bi n Belgian d

n nh ng h u qu

i cho ngành công

nghi p. 20. Gi i thích: Sophisticated: ph c t p, không có tính t Ban Thi t k c a chúng tôi g

D ng v i m

10. M

n m m ph c t p nh t có trên th t k c a chúng tôi.

TR NG NG

(ADVERBIAL CLAUSE)

PH N 1

NG tr ng ng là m

khác). Các m nh ng m

có ch

V NG

pháp c a m t tr ng ng (b

tr ng ng

không di n t

g i là m

PHÁP T

c g i là m

ph (Subordinate clause

c m t ý tr n v n) và các m

chính (Main clause là m

có th t n t

c l p và di n t 1 ý tr n v n).

c, sau as soon as: ngay sau khi while: trong khi when, as: khi

ADVERBIAL

n khi

CLAUSE OF TIME: M

th i gian

once: khi mà, m i khi by, by the time: ngay khi since + m c th i gian: k t khi for + kho ng th i gian: bao lâu so (vì v y)

ADVERBIAL

CLAUSE OF RESULT: M ch k t qu

1, M

- While/Whereas + M

CLAUSE OF

CONCESSION:

- Althoung/Though/Even though + M

- Despite/In spite of + Noun/V-ing, M

1, M

b ADVERBIAL

Because, since, as, for + M

1, M

CLAUSE OF REASON: M

Due to/Owing to = Because of + N: b i vì

ch nguyên nhân ADVERBIAL

- so that/in order that + m

CLAUSE OF

- lest (k o mà);

PURPOSE

- for fear that (vì s r ng) + m

là

PH N 1

As + m

PHÁP T

V NG

Ex: When in Rome, do as Roman do. Like + tân ng : ADVERBIAL

Ex: Do like me. (= Do as I do)

CLAUSE OF

* Phân bi

MANNER: M cách th c

Alike: gi ng nhau Ex: The twins look/are alike Unlike + noun: khác nhau Ex: Unlike other classmates, I chose to study French. * As if/As though: Câu gi

là)

Ex: He talks/is talking as if he were my father.

V N D NG 1. _______ he is old, he wants to travel around the world. A. Inspite of

B. Althoung

C. Despite

D. Because

B. After

C. While

D. Before

2. ________ A. Since

3. They left the house ________ saying good-bye to their mother. A. before

B. after

C. during

D. in

4. She is looking for a new job _______ she is tired of doing a routine job day after day. A. despite

B. although

C. because

D. All are correct

C. in spite of

D. even though

school _________ his injury.

5. A. even though

B. although

6. He left home early ________ he could arrive at the station on time. A. because of

B. in order to

C. although

D. so that

C. before

D. after

7. We will wait here ______ he comes back. A. while

B. until

8. We could reach the house ______ the road was flooded. A. although

B. whether

C. as if

D. even

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

9. A. like

B. although

C. until

D. as if

10. Our teacher speaks slowly _______ we may understand him. A. because

B. in order to

C. so that

D. or

11. ________ these cars are cheap, they last a long time. A. Because

B. in order that

C. Although

D. after

12. You should give the iron time to heat up _______ you iron your clothes. A. because

B. so that

C. even though

D. before

13. You need good shoes to go hiking in the mountains _______ the ground is rough and hard. A. because

B. so that

C. before

D. even though

C. Although

D. Beside

14. ________ he is tired, he can A. Because

B. Even though

15. ______ he is so busy with his work, he always finds time to go to the concert every week. A. If

B. Since

C. Although

D. Because

A. since

B. for

C. until

D. Before

16.

17. He had left _____ I came. A. when

B. while

C. since

D. by the time

A. because

B. because of

C. thanks to

D. Though

18.

g key.

19. A. because

B. so that

C. although

D. so

20. ______ rain or snow, there are always more than fifty thousand fans at the football games. A. Despite

B. Although

C. Because

D. Since

1. D

t già r

y v n mu

ch vòng quanh th gi i.

2. D

c khi t

c Anh, tôi không th nói m t t ti ng Anh nào.

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

H r i kh i nhà sau khi t m bi t m c a mình.

Cô

vi c h

t công vi c m i b i cô

i vi c làm m t công

n ngày khác.

5. D

Anh y v n t

ng m

Anh y r i nhà s

Chúng tôi s ch

Chúng tôi có th

M tôi trong có v m t m i. Có l bà y ng không ngon gi

6. có th t

7. i khi anh ta tr l i.

8. c ngôi nhà m

ng b ng p.

10. D

Giáo viên c a chúng tôi nói r t ch

chúng tôi có th hi

11. D

M c dù nh ng chi c xe này r t r

i khá b n.

12. D

m t th

c khi b

u i qu n áo.

13. D

B nc nm

t khi leo núi b i vì m

t r t g gh và c ng.

14. D

B i vì anh t m t, anh y không th làm vi c thêm n a.

15. D

M c dù r t b n r n v i công vi c, anh ta luôn dành th i gian t i các bu i hòa

nh c m i tu n. 16. D

ng g p Tom k t

n sách này.

17. D

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

18. D

Chuy

a chúng tôi t i Nh t B n b hoãn do v

b nh.

19. D

Tôi không th m khóa b

m nh m chìa.

20. D

B t k tr

t, s

i hâm m

ADVERBIAL CLAUSE OF CONDITION Các lo Type 0: C

u ki n u ki n lo

khoa h c luôn x y ra v i m

u ki n nh

t nh ng s th t t ng quan, nh ng d ki n

nh.

If clause

Main clause

Simple present

Ex: If you heat ice, it turns into water. If there is a shortage ò any product, prices of that product go up. Type 2:

u ki n không có th t

hi n t i

If clause

Main clause

Simple past

Would/could/should/may/might + V-inf

Ex: -

Type 3:

u ki n không có th t trong quá kh If clause

Main clause

Past perfect

Would/could/might/should + have + PII

Ex: Fact: He helped me, I won the prize.

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

CHÚ Ý: u ki n tr n Di n t m t gi

nh trái v i quá kh

t qu

hi n t i.

If clause

Main clause

Past perfect (Type 3)

Would + V-inf (Type II)

Ex: If I had caught that plane last night, I would be dead. Unless = If not Ex:

V N D NG 1. If I had known you were in hospital, I ____________ to see you. A. will go

B. would go

C. went

D. would have gone

2. If I ________ you, I would have said hello. A. had seen

B. see

C. saw

D. would see

A. will go

B. went

C. would have gone

D. would go

4. If I _______ a camera, I would have taken some picture. A. have

B. had

C. would have

D. had had

A. as long as

B. unless

C. if

D. whether

6. If I were to leave my country, I ______ disappointed. A. probably be

B. would have been

C. will be

D. would be

7. A. would fail 8. If I had taken that English course, I ___________ much progress now. A. had made

B. would have made

C. made

D. would make

9. If I were in your place, I __________ a trip to England. A. will make

B. had made

C. made

D. would make

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

ve some of your lottery winning.

10. A. be

B. were

C. am

D. was

11. If the car ___________ larger, we would have bought it. A. had been

B. have been

C. has been

D. been

12. If I had enough money, I ______________ abroad to improve my English. A. will go

B. should go

C. would go

D. should have go to

A. be

B. was

C. were

D. is

C. had

D. has

13.

14. If you _______ time, please write to me. A. have

B. have had

15. If you had the chance, ____________ you go finishing? A. did

B. would

C. may

D. do

A. if

B. when

C. unless

D. as

A. listen

B. had listened

C. will listen

D. listened

A. comes

B. came

C. would come

D. could lend

16.

17.

18.

19. If you stay up late the previous night, you _________ sleepy the next morning. A. felt

B. to feel

C. feels

D. will feel

20. If Peter _________, Sarah will be sad because she wants to meet him very much. A. comes

B. do not come

C. does not come

D. will come

1. Gi i thích: D

u ki n lo i 3. Nêu tôi bi t là c u

trong b nh vi n

u r i.

2. Gi i thích: D

u ki n lo i 3. N u tôi mà nhìn th y c

u r i.

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

u ki n lo i 3.

Gi i thích:

u tôi không quá m t.

D 4. u ki n lo i 3.

Gi i thích: D

N u tôi có m t cái máy

p vài b c nh.

5. u ki n lo

Gi i thích: D

B ns

t qua kì thi tr khi b n h

6. u ki n lo i 2.

Gi i thích: D

N u tôi r

r t th t v ng.

7. u ki n lo i 3.

Gi i thích: D

u th

t kì thi.

8. Gi i thích: M

sau ch

quá kh d n t i k t qu D

u ki n h n h i

nói v gi thi t

hi n t i.

c khóa ti

t ti n b .

9. u ki n lo i 2.

Gi i thích: D

: N u tôi mà là c u, tôi s

t chuy

n Anh.

10. u ki n lo i 2.

Gi i thích: D

N u tôi mà là c u, tôi s ti t ki m m t chút t ti n th ng vé s .

11. u ki n lo i 3.

Gi i thích: D

N u chi

àr

12. u ki n lo i 2.

Gi i thích: D

c i thi n ti ng Anh c a mình.

13.

PH N 1

PHÁP T

u ki n lo i 1.

Gi i thích:

N u ti n thì t i na

V NG

c nhé!

14. u ki n lo i 1.

Gi i thích:

N u có th i gian hãy vi

D 15.

u ki n lo i 2.

Gi i thích: N ub

i, b n s

16. i u ki n lo

Gi i thích:

Cây s không phát tri n tr

17. Gi i thích: M kh

u ki n h h p nói v gi thi t

n t i k t qu

hi n t i.

N u b n mà nghe tôi khuyên t

u thì b

trong nh ng r c r

bây gi . 18. u ki n lo i 1.

Gi i thích: D

giúp gì cho b

19. u ki n lo i 1.

Gi i thích: D ch ngh a: N

c b n th c mu n thì hôm sau b n s bu n ng .

20. u ki n lo i 1.

Gi i thích: D

n, Sarah s bu n vì cô y r t mu n g p anh ta.

11. SO SÁNH (COMPARISION) 1. So sánh ngang b ng - Công th c: as + adj + as - Ví d 2. So sánh kém

quá

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

- Công th c: not so/not as + adj + as - Ví d : Quang is 1.7 metres tall. Hùng is 1.6 metres tall. Hung is not so tall as Quang.

- Công th c: Tính t ng n + er + than More + tính t dài + than (Tính t ng n là tính t có m t âm ti t, tính t dài là tính t có t hai âm ti t tr lên) - Ví d

Không có d ng ph

(Không vi 4. So sánh cao nh t - Công th c: The + tính t ng n + est The + most + tính t dài - Ví d : This is the longest river in the world. She is the most beautiful girl in my class.

Công th Ví d : The more you learn, the more you know. (Càng h c b n càng bi t nhi u.) 6. So sánh b i s - So sánh b i s : b ng n a (half), g Công th c: S l n + as much/many as - So sánh s Công th c: S

c so sánh ng + adj er/more adj + than

Adj/adv

Superatives

Good/well

Better

The best

ill/bad/badly

Worse

The worst

Little

Less

The least

PH N 1

PHĂ P T

V NG

Many/much

The most

Far

Father/further

The fathest/furthest

Old

Older/elder

The oldest/eldest

V N D NG 1. A. worse

B. bad

C. the worst

D. badly

C. much

D. as

C. noisier

D. noisy

2. Mary is ______ responsible as Peter. A. more

B. the most

3. It is _____ in the city than it is in the country. A. noisily

B. more noisier

4. She sings ______ among the singers I have known. A. the most beautiful

B. the more beautiful C. the most beautifully D. the more beautifully

5. She is ______ student in my class. A. most hard-working B. more hard-working C. the most hard-working

D. as hard-working

6. The English test was ____ than I thought it would be. A. the easier

B. more easy

C. easiest

D. easier

C. hardest

D. the hardest

C. bigger

D. biggest

C. the slowly

D. the most slowly

C. more cheap than

D. cheaper than

C. farther

D. farer

7. English is thought to be ______ than Math. A. harder

B. the more hard

8. Jupiter is ______ planet in the solar system. A. the biggest

B. the bigger

9. She runs ______ in my class. A. the slowest

B. the most slow

10. My house is ______ hers A. cheap than

B. cheaper

11. Her office is ______ away than mine. A. father

B. more far

12. Tom is _____ than David.

PH N 1

PHÁP T

A. handsome B. the more handsome

V NG

C. more handsome D. the most handsome

13. He did the test ______ I did. A. as bad as

B. badder than

C. more badly than D. worse

14. A boat is _____ than a plane. A. slower

B. slowest

C.more slow

D.more slower

B. comfortably

C.more comfortabler

C. better

D. more good

15. My new sofa is _____ than the old one. A. more comfortable D. comfortable 16. My sister dances _____ than me. A. gooder

B.weller

17. My bedroom is _______ room in my house. A. tidier than

B. the tidiest

C. the most tidy

D. more tidier

18. This road is ________ than that road. A. narrower

B. narrow

C. the most narrow D. more narrower

19. He drives ______ his brother. A. more careful than

B. more carefully

C. more carefully than

C. coldest

D. colder

D. as careful as 20. It was ______ day of the year. A. the colder

C. i c u trúc: S + have + ever + PII

Gi i thích: D

B. the coldest

Cô

nh t tôi t ng g p.

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

Gi i thích: Sau tính t

ng: S1 + to be + as +

adj + as + S2. D 3.

Gi i thích: Trong câu có t thành ph

nông thôn.

4. Gi i thích: Trong câu có c

sánh

ng t D

i tr ng t

Cô y hát hay nh t trong nh

5. t dùng khi có t

Gi i thích:

ng tr lên. Trong câu có c m

t. D

Cô y là h

nh t l p tôi

6. Gi i thích: Trong câu có t D

Bài ki m tra Ti ng Anh d

7. Gi i thích: Trong câu có t D

8. Gi i thích:

t dùng khi có t

ng tr lên. Trong câu có c m t.

Sao M c là hành tinh l n nh t trong H M t tr i.

9. Gi i thích:

t dùng khi có t t. 76

ng tr lên. Trong câu có c m

PH N 1

ng t

PHÁP T

V NG

i tr ng t

Cô y ch y ch m nh t l p tôi.

D 10. Gi i thích: ng

Nhà c a tôi r

a cô y.

11. Gi i thích: Hình th a cô

D ch n

a tôi.

12. Gi i thích: Trong câu có t D 13. ng t

Gi i thích:

i tính t

Hình th D

C u y làm bài ki

14. Gi i thích: Trong câu có t ng D

Thuy n ch y ch

ay.

15. Gi i thích: Trong câu có t D

Cái gh sofa m i c a tôi tho

c gh

16. Gi i thích: Trong câu có t

c so sánh

Ch gái tôi nh y gi 77

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

17. Gi i thích: Nh ng tính t k t thúc b Phòng ng c a tôi là phòn ng bé nh t trong nhà.

D 18.

Gi i thích: Trong câu có t t dài (2 âm ti ng này nh

D 19.

ng kia.

Gi i thích: Khi có 2 ch th

so sánh thì ta có th

ho c so sánh b

ng t

i tr ng t .

Anh y lái xe c n th

D 20.

Gi i thích: Trong câu có

t. nh nh t c

12. CÂU B

NG (PASSIVE VOICE)

Th b

ng c a các thì: Quá kh

Hi n t i

Was/were + PII Ti p di n Hoàn thành

Am/is/are + PII

Was/were + being + PII Am/is/are + being + PII Had + been + PII

Have/has + been + PII

n Am/is/are + going to + PII

Will + be + PII ___________ Will have +been + PII

ng t khuy t thi u Modal verb ( can /could /may /might /must /ought to /should) + be + PII

V trí c a tr ng t ho c c m tr ng t trong câu b i v i tr ng t ch cách th c c

ng, thì nó s 78

ng: ng t .

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

Ex. The problem has been carefully studied by the scientists. ng sau tr ng t ch

c tr ng t ch th i

gian: Ex. He was found in the forest by the police. The report was typed by the secretary this morning. ng h

c bi t:

ng t 2 tân ng S + V + indirect object + direct object S + V + direct object + preposition + indirect object

Ex. He gave the police some information.

=> The police were given some information. => Some information was given to the police. ng t + m M ts

ng t

THAT nh: say, believe, think, consider, report, know, expect,

understand, allege, acknowledge, estimate, rumour, explain, assume, presume, suppose, announce có th dùng v i m t trong hai c u trúc sau: It is/was + PII + that +clause

S + to be + PII +

To Verb (1) To be + V-ing (2) To + Have + PII (3) To have been + V-ing (4)

PH N 1

PHĂ P T

V N D NG 1. Have they tested all the machines? A. Have all the machines be tested? B. Have all the machines been testing? C. Have all the machines been tested? D. Have all the machines being testing? 2. Does he reailze that they are laughing at him? A. Is he realized that he is laughing at? B. Is he realized that he is being laughed at? C. Does he realize that he is laughing at? D. Does he ralize that he is being laughed at? 3. The manager offers me several jobs. A. I was offers several jobs. B. I am offered several jobs. C. Several jobs are offered to me. D. B and C are correct. 4. A. Did this play be written by Shakespeare. B. Was this play written by Shakespeare. C. This play was writen by Shakespeare. D. Did this play Shakespeare write? 5. Esther gave Sue a nice present. A. Esther was given a nice present by Sue B. Sue was given present by Esther C. A nice present was given to Esther by Sue. 80

V NG

PH N 1

PHĂ P T

V NG

D. A nice present was given to Sue from Esther. 6. A small res car hit the dog. A. The dog was hit by a small red car. B. The dog is hit by a small red car. C. A dog was hitted by a small red car. D. The dog has hit by a small red car. 7. A.

stole by a thief.

B. C. D. 8. Joan spread the newspaper out on the floor. A. The newspaper was spreaded out on the floor by Joan. B. The newspaper has spreaded out on the floor. C. The newspaper is spreaded out on the floor. D. The newspaper was spread out on the floor by Joan. 9. The news susprised us all. A. We all susprising by the news.

B. We all susprised by the news.

C. We all are susprised from the news.

D. We all were susprised by the news.

10. Where did they find the book? A. Where is the book found?

B. Where has been found the book?

C. Where was the book found?

D. Where was found the book?

11. He cut the bread with a big knife. A. The bread was cutted with a big knife. B. The bread is cut with a big knife. C. The bread was cut with a big knife. D. The bread has cut with a big knife by him. 81

PH N 1

PHĂ P T

V NG

12. Where did he put the suicase? A. Where did the suicase put by him? B. Where was the suicase put? C. Where has the suicase been put by him? D. Where was the suicase putted? 13. A. They were amused by thei B. C. D. 14. Ben drove me to the airport. A. I was drove to the airport by Ben. B. I was driven to the airport by Ben. C. I was driven to the airport by Ben D. I been drive to the airport by Ben. 15. People say that he is a good doctor. A. He is said to be a good doctor. B. It was said said that he is a good doctor. C. It was said said that he is a good doctor. D. A & C are correct. 16. Everything that ________ A. had be overheard

B. had been overheard

C. had been overhearded

D. would had been overheard

17. I ________. A. have not given the money

B. have not been given the money

C. have not been give the money

D. have not be given the money

18. It ________ for years. 82

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

A. has not been known

B. had not been known

C. had not be known

D. have not been known

19. It ________ that learning English is easy. A. are said

B. said

C. is said

D. is sayed

20. French ________ in many parts of Europe. A. is being spoken B. is spoken

C. has been spoken D. has spoken

Gi i thích: Câu b

ng thì HTHT có d ng

a thì HTHT, câu B, D sai c u trúc câu b D

T tc

. Câu A sai d ng

ng HTHT.

c ki m tra r i ch ?

2. Gi i thích: Câu b D

ng thì HTTD có d ng

Anh ta có nh n ra h

i nh o mình không?

3. Gi i thích: Câu b

ng thì hi n t

M t vài vi

c qu

ngh v i tôi.

4. Gi i thích: Câu b

c a d ng câu h i, câu A, D sai ng pháp câu b D

V k ch này Shakespeare vi t à?

. Câu C sai c u trúc

PH N 1

Gi i thích: Câu b

PHÁP T

V NG

/were + PII . Câu C, A sai v

pháp, ph i s c Esther t ng m

6. Gi i thích: Câu g II

, d ng PII c

Con chó b

ng t i m t chi

7. Gi i thích: Câu b

pháp. Câu D sai d ng PII c D

. Câu A, C sai ng

ng t

B c tranh c a Bob b m t tên tr m l y c p.

8. Gi i thích: Câu g II

, câu A sai d ng PII

ng t

c Joan tr i trên sàn nhà.

9. Gi i thích: Câu g II

nên câu C sai. Câu b

, câu B thi

ng PII c

ng ng t .

u ng c nhiên b

D 10. Gi i thích: Câu g II

, câu D thi u ch ng .

c tìm th y

11. Gi i thích: Câu g II

, A sai d ng PII c

ng t

c anh y c t b ng m t con dao l n. 84

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

12. Gi i thích: Câu g

ng ng PII

was/were + PII

ng t .

D 13. Gi i thích: Câu g c thì QK

ng ng PII

was/were + PII

ng t .

c làm cho thích thú b i câu chuy n c

i cha.

14. Gi i thích: Câu g

ng thì ng PII c

was/were + PII

ng t .

n sân bay.

D 15. Gi i thích: B

c bi t. i ta nói r ng anh y là m

16. Gi i thích: Di n t

ng x y r

dùng thì QKHT. Câu b

ng khác trong quá kh

ng thì QKHT có d ng

, d ng PII c a

c nghe v n còn là m t bí m t.

17. Gi i thích: Câu b

ng thì HTHT có d ng

c D

c trao s ti n.

18.

, d ng PII

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

Gi i thích: Di n t s vi c di n ra trong quá kh không kèm th i gian c th , có kho ng th

sai. Câu b

HTHT có d ng

, ch ng

c bi

ng thì

19. Gi i thích: Câu b

ng thì hi n t

thì

, ch ng

. Các câu còn l i

ng PII c i ta nói h c Ti ng Anh d mà

D 20. Gi i thích: Câu b

ng thì hi n t

sai ng pháp. Ti

c nói

13. CÁC LO I T

r t nhi

châu Âu.

(WORD FORM)

A/ Danh t V trí Danh t

ng sau:

- tính t (adj + N) - m o t : a/an/the - t ch

nh: this, that, these, those, every,...

- t ch s

ng: many, some, few, several...

- tính t s h u: my, his, her, your, their, its.. - ngo

ng t (V + O) Các h u t

thành l p danh t

H u t cho danh t 1.

ism

Ví d Criticism, heroism, patriotism

PH N 1

nce

PHĂ P T

V NG

Importance, significance, dependence, resistance

H u t cho danh t

VĂ d

ness

Bitterness, darkness, hardness

ion

Pollution, suggestion, action

ment

Accomplishment, commencement, enhancement, excitement

age

Baggage, carriage, damage, language, luggage, marrige

(i)ty

Purity, authority, majority, superiority, humidity, cruelty, honesty, plenty, safety

ship

Citizenship, fellowship, scholarship, friendship, hardship

Bath, birth, death, growth, health, length, strength, truth, depth, breadth, wealth

10. dom

Freedom, kingdom, wisdom

11. hood

Childhood, brotherhood, neighborhood, likelihood

12. ure

Closure, legislature, nature, failure, pleasure

13. cy

Bankruptcy, democracy, accuracy, expectancy, efficiency

14. (t)ry

Rivairy, ancestry, carpentry, machinery, scenery, bravery

15. logy

Archaeology, geology, sociology, zoology

16. graphy

Bibliography, biography

17. or

Actor, creator, doctor, tailor, visitor, bachelor

18. er

Northerner, villager, airliner, sorcerer

19. ee

Employee, payee, absentee, refugee

20. ist

Economist, dentist, pianist, optimist, perfectionist

21. ician

Magician, physician, musician, electrician, beautician

22. ant

Assistant, accountant, consultant, contestant, inhabitant

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

B/ Tính t V trí -

c N (Adj + N )

become, get, look, feel, taste, smell, seem...

- Sau tr ng t (adv + adj): extremely (c c kì), completely ( hoàn toàn), really (th c s ), terribly, very, quite, rather,... - Sau keep /make -

(be + too + adj)

(be + adj + enough)

- trong c u trúc: be + so + adj + that -

c danh t : A, an, the, this, that, his, her, their, my, ... + (Adj) +Noun

- Trong câu c m thán: How + adj + S + V! What + (a/an) + adj + N!

Các h u t

thành l p tính t

H u t cho

Example

tính t 1.

ent

Independent, sufficient, absent, ancient, apparent, ardent

ant

Arrogant, expectant, important, significant, abundant, ignorant, brilliant

ful

Beautiful, graceful, powerful, grateful, forgetful, doubtful

less

Doubtless, fearless, powerless, countless, careless, helpless

Civic, classic, historic, artistic, economic

ive

Authoritative, demonstrative, passive, comparative, possesstive

PH N 1

PHÁP T

H u t cho

V NG

Examples

tính t 7.

ous

Dangerous, glorious, murderous, viscous, ferocious, hilarious

able

Charitable, separable, bearable, reliable, comfortable, suitable

ible

Audible, edible, horrible, terrible

10. al

Central, general, oral, tropical, economical

11. ory

Mandatory, compulsory, predatory, satisfactory

12. ary

Arbitrary, budgetary, contrary, primary, temporary, necessary

13. y

Angry, happy, icy, messy, milky, tidy, chilly, slippery, rainy

14. ly

Friendly, lovely, lively, daily, manly, beastly, cowardly, queenly, rascally

15. ate

Temperate, accurate, considerate, immediate, literate

16.-ish

Foolish, childish, bookish, feverish, reddish

ng t V trí: - Sau ch ng rút g n

- Trong m -

ng t chính)

ng t (làm b ng ng sau tr ng t ch m

Các h u t

thành l

ng t ng xuyên

ng t

Verb endings 1.

en/en-

Examples Listen, happen, strengthen, lengthen, shorten, soften, widen, entrust, enslave, enlarge, encourage, enable, enrich

ate

Assassinate, associate, fascinate, separate, vaccinate, evacuate

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

ize

Idolize, apologize, sympathize, authorize, fertilize

ify

Satisfy, solidify, horrify

D/ Tr ng t V trí a.

ng t : S + V + adv Ex: He runs fast.

ng sau tân ng : S + V + O + adv Ex: She learns English well.

c. Tr ng t b

: S+ tobe +adv +adj/PII

Ex: He was badly injured. d. Trong câu b

ng: be + adv + PII = be + PII + adv

Ex: The application form must be filled out completely. = The application form must be completely filled out. Các h u t

thành l p tr ng t

H u t cho tr ng t

Ví d

1. -ly

firstly, fully, greatly, happily, hourly

2. -wise

otherwise, clockwise

3. -ward

backward, inward, onward, eastward

V N D NG 1. How many A. competitors

took part in the 22nd SEA Games? B. competitive

2. Boys often enjoy doing things in a A. create 3. The problem of A. employment 4. The children A. achieve

C. competes

D. competitions

way.

B. creative

C. creativity

D. creatively

among young people is hard to solve. B. employee

C. employers

D. unemployment

C. achievable

D. achieving

high grade at school. B. achievement

PH N 1

PHĂ P T

V NG

5. She was the first in her family to enjoy the privilege of a university A. educated

B. educational

C. educating

6. Buckingham Palace is a major tourist A. attract

D. education

in London.

B. attraction

C. attractive

7. Some species of rare animals are in A. danger

D. attractiveness

of extinction.

B. dangerous

C. . dangerously

D. endanger

8. Electronic music is a kind of music in which sounds are produced A. electron

B. electric

C. electronic

9. Are you sure that boys are more A. act

A. solve 11. Housework is A. equally

C. action

B. solvable

C. solutions

D. solvability

C. equality

D. equalizing

shared between them. B. equal

before leaving the office.

B. interviewing

13. Vietnamese athletes performed A. excellent

D. activity

can be effective in the short term, but they have a cost.

12. Don't forget to say goodbye to the A. interviewer

D. electronically

than girls?

B. active

10. These quick and easy

C. interviewee

D. interview

and won a lot of gold medals.

B. excellently

C. excellence

D. excel

14. WHO's main activities are carrying out research on medical

and

improving

internationnal healthy care. A. develop 15. The panda's A. nature

B. developing

C. development

habitat is the bamboo forest. B. natural

C. naturally

16. To Americans, it is impolite to ask someone about age, A. marry

B. married

17. Life here is very A. peaceful

B. peacefully

and salary.

C. marriage

D. marrying

C. peace

D. peacefulness

C. fertilize

D. fertilizers

B. fertility

19. Nowadays, chemicals are A. injection

D. natured

18. Farmers can enrich the soil by using A. fertile

D. develops

into some fruits to reduce decay.

B. injecting

C. inject

D. injected

PH N 1

20. What's your

PHÁP T

V NG

? - I'm Vietnamese.

A. nation

B. national

C. nationality

D. international

1. Gi i thích: Compete (v): c nh tranh; Competitive (adj): mang tính c nh tranh; Competition (n): cu c thi; Competitor (n): D

Có bao nhiêu v

i d thi. C u trúc: How many + Danh t

c s nhi u.

ng viên tham gia SEA Games l n th 22?

2. Gi i thích: Create (v): t o ra; Creative (adj): sáng t o; Creativity (N): s sáng t o; Creatively (adv): mang tính sáng t o. Ta c n 1 tính t D

"way".

Nh ng bé trai thích làm m i vi c theo cách sáng t o.

3. Gi i thích: Employment (n): công vi c; Employee (n): nhân viên; Employer (n): nhà tuy n d ng; Unemployment (n): n n th t nghi p D

v n n n th t nghi p gi a nh

i tr là th t khó gi i quy t.

4. Gi i thích: Achieve (v): c. Câu này thi D

c; Achievement (n): thành t u; Achievable (adj): có th

ng t . a tr

m cao

ng.

5. Gi i thích: Education (n): s giáo d c; Educated (adj): có h c; Educational (adj): thu c v giáo d c. Có th s d ng danh t c s có ch D

c m t danh t

t o thành danh t

ng sau.

Cô

c quy n c a giáo d

i h c.

6. Gi i thích: Attract (v): h p d n; Attraction (n): s thu hút, s h p d n; Attractive (adj): h p d n; Attractiveness (n): tính ch t h p d n. Có th s d ng danh t

c m t danh t

t o

PH N 1

NG t

thành danh t

PHÁP T

V NG

c s có ch

ng sau. n Buckingham

ch l n

London.

7. Gi i thích: to be in danger of = có nguy

nguy hi m. Dangerous (adj) nguy hi m;

Endanger (v): gây nguy hi m M

ng v t quý hi

tuy t ch ng.

8. n; Electric (adj):

Gi i thích: Electronic (adj):

n, thu c v

n t ; Electronically (adv): b

n t . c n 1 tr ng t b

n; ng t

"produce". Nh

n t là lo i nh

c t o ra b

nt .

9. Gi i thích: Act (v): di n xu t; Active (adj): tích c c, ch (n): ho

ng; Action (n):

ng; Activity

ng.

B n có ch c r ng con trai tích c c, ch

i con gái?

10. Gi i thích: Solve (v): gi i quy t; Solvable (adj): có th gi i quy t; Solution (n): gi i pháp; Solvability (n): s có th gi i quy t. Ta c n 1 danh t D

ng sau tính t {quick, easy).

Nh ng gi i pháp nhanh g n này có th hi u qu

có nh ng cái

giá ph i tr . 11. Gi i thích: Equally (adv): ngang b ng; Equal (adj): ngang bang; Equality (n): s ngang b ng. Ta có công th c: to be + adv + V. Tr ng t b ng t "share". D Vi c chia ngang b ng gi a b n h . 12. Gi i thích: Interviewer (n):

i ph ng v n; Interviewee (n):

(v): ph ng v n. D ng quên chào t m bi

i ph ng v

c ph ng v n; Interview i phòng.

13. Gi i thích: Excellent (adj): tuy t v i; Excellently (adv): m t cách tuy t v i; Excellence (n): s

PH N 1

tuy t v D

PHÁP T

t tr i, xu t s c Nh ng v ng viên c a Vi t Nam

V NG

hi n xu t s

c r t nhi u

14. Gi i thích: Develop (v): phát tri n; Developing (adj): tri n. Ta c n 1 danh t Ho

n; Development (n): s phát

ng sau tính t "medical".

ng ch y u c a WHO là th c hi n nh ng nghiên c u nh m phát tri n y h c

và nâng cáo ch 15.

c kh e toàn c u.

Gi i thích: Nature (n): t nhiên; Natural (adj): thu c v t nhiên; Naturally (adv): theo m t cách cb "habitat". t nhiên. Ta c n 1 tính t D ng s ng t nhiên c a g u trúc !à r ng trúc. 16. Gi i thích: Marry (v): hôn nhân. D

i; Married (adj):

t hôn; Marriage (n): cu c hôn nhân, tình tr ng

i M , s là b t l ch s khi h

tu i tác, tình tr ng hôn nhân hay

ng. 17. Gi i thích: Peaceful (adj): yên bình; Peacefully (adv): m t cách yên bình; Peace (n): hòa bình; Peacefulness (n): s yên bình D Cu c s ng

t yên bình.

18. Gi i thích: Fertile (adj): phì nhiêu; Fertility (n): s phì nhiêu; Fertilizer (n): phân bón D Nông dân có th làm g àu s màu m

t, phì nhiêu; Fertilize (v): làm cho t b ng cách s d ng phân bón.

19. Gi i thích: Injection (n): s tiêm ch ng; Inject (v): tiêm D 20.

Ngày nay, hóa ch

c tiêm vào hoa qu

gi m sâu m t.

Gi i thích: Nation (n): qu c gia; National (adj): thu c v qu c gia; Nationality (n): qu c t ch; International (adj): qu c t D

Qu c t ch c a b

i Vi t Nam. 94

PH N 1

14. S

PHÁP T

V NG

NG (QUANTITY) S

Các t "hundred, thousand, million", và "dozen" khi dùng ch m t s không bao gi có s nhi u. Ex: six hundred men (sáu tr eggs (hai tá tr ng)

i), ten thousand pounds

Tuy nhiên, n u các s t có d ng s nhi u: Ex: hunreds of people (hàng tr of times (hàng ch c l n) Các t ch s

ch m t s

nh,

i ngàn b ng), two dozen ng l

nh, chúng

i), thousands of birds (hàng ngàn con chim), dozens

ng Ex: Most students are afraid of history.

Most/Most of + N{s nhi u)

Most of the students are afraid of history. ("Most students": h u h t m i h c sinh "Most of the students": h u h t các h nh) ph m vi h most students.) Ex: Dinner is almost ready. Almost (adv) + adj: h u h t, g He fell from the tree and almost broke his leg. Almost (adv) + V: suýt n a Ex: Almost every student is afraid of history. Almost all of the students are afraid of history. N u mu n dùng "almost" v i danh t thì ph i có "every, all..." Almost + every +N(s ít)/Almost everyone + ng t s ít Almost all + N(s nhi u) + ng t s nhi u Mostly (adv) + V: ph n l n, h u h t làm gì

Ex: We mostly go out on Sunday.

Ex: - Few students come to class today. c là r t ít, h u -1 have earned a few from editing books.

Few/A few + danh t s nhi u "Few" "A few" m

dùng.

PH N 1

Little/A little + danh t

PHÁP T

V NG

Ex:

- Little progress has been made.

c c là r t ít,

- You just need a litte salt.

h -

Ex:

The number of/A number of + Danh t m

c s nhi u

- The number students participating in this class

- The number of..." s

ng t

increases every term. - A number of girls stand outside the shop and wait

chia theo ngôi th 3, s ít) - A number of... = M t s

ng l n... for promotion.

ng t chia theo ngôi th 3, s nhi u) Ex:

The amount of/An amount of + Danh t c

- The amount of money 1 earn is decreasing.

ng t

chia theo ngôi th 3, s ít) - An amount of... = M

- An amount of oil has been spoiled.

ng l n...

ng t chia theo ngôi th 3, s ít - do danh t không

V N D NG 1. Thank you for bringing me along. I never thought Shakespeare could be so A. many

B. much

2. You should say

and do

A. many/few 3. Very

C.few .

B. much/little B. less

4. He is a man of A. less

C. few/many

D. Many/little

C. much

D. little

C. fewer

D. few

words. B. little

heard about the book, but A. Many/few

read it.

B. Much/little

6. Do you know English?" -"Just A. much

D. some

people knew about it..

A. few

fun.

C. Many/little

D. Few/Fewer

C. little

D. less

B. many

PH N 1

7. She has very

PHÁP T

V NG

knowledge of the matter.

A. few

B. little

C. some

8. The forces were unequal, they were A. many/few

we were

B. much/little

9. We have imported

C. few/much

D. little/much

computers this year than last year?

A. few

B. less

10. There has been

C. fewer

D. many

demand for computers this year than last year.

A. few

B. little

11. There are

D. many

C. fewer

D. more

C. very many

D. much

C. many

D. much

C. many

D. much

eggs on the table.

A. some

B. any

12. Is there

cheese does she want.

A. some

B. any

13. How

cakes does she want?.

A. some

B. any

eggs, but he wants some soup.

14. A. some

B. any

15. There is

C. many

D. much

C. many

D. much

milk in the glass.

A. some

B. any

1. Gi i thích: "Fun" là danh t

c nên ta dùng "much".

D ni

ng Shakespeare l i có nhi u

nv y

2. Gi i thích: Say/do something: nó

=> "something" là m

c, nên ta dùng v i "much" và "little". B n nên nói ít làm nhi u.

D 3.

Gi i thích: "People" là danh t s nhi R

i t "few".

i bi t v nó.

4. Gi i thích: "Words" ià danh t s nhi D

Anh ta là ki

i t "few".

i ít nói.

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

5. Gi i thích: m hi u ch ng là "people" i "many, few". D R t nhi cu c nó 6. D "B n có bi t Ti ng Anh không?" - Ch m t ít thôi. 7. Gi i thích: "Knowledge" (ki n th c v v it "little". D Cô y có r t ít ki n th c v v này. 8. Gi i thích: "Forces" là danh t s nhi i "many, few". D :L ng hai bên không cân b ng. H nhi u còn chúng ta ít. 9. Gi i thích: "Computers" là danh t s nhi i "few". a "few" là "fewer". D nay, chúng ta nh p kh 10. Gi i thích: "Demand là" danh t c nên lo A, c. Trong câu có t "than" nên ta ch n "more" bi u th D u nhu c u v oái. 11. Gi i thích: "Eggs" là danh t s nhi u nên dùng "some" v t vài". D Có m t vài qu tr ng trên bàn. 12. Gi i thích: "Any" dùng trong câu h i. D Có phô mai trên bàn không? 13. Gi i thích: How many/how much: h is ng. "Cakes" là danh t s nhi v i "how many". D Cô ta mu n bao nhiêu chi c bánh? 14. Gi i thích: "Any" dùng trong câu ph nh. D Peter không mu n tr y mu n m t ít súp. 15. Gi i thích: "milk" ià danh t c, có th dùng "some" v t ít". D Có m t ít s a trong c c.

PH N 1

15. GI I T

PHÁP T

V NG

(PREPOSITION)

A/ M t s gi i t

ng g p At:

Gi i t ch th i gian

i gi

On: i ngày I i th During: trong su t Since: k t khi Before: c khi After: sau khi While: trong lúc By: c th m

Gi i t ch không gian

At: t i s m c th In: bên trong On: trên b m t Above: trên Below: i Between; gi a hai s v t Among: gi a nhi v t Next to: bên c nh

Gi i t ch v trí chuy n ng

From: t n Across: b ng qua Along: d c theo Into: vào trong Out of: ra kh i Through: qua

Gi i t ch cách th c

With: v i Without: không có By: b ng cách

Gi i t ch m

n For: cho

c bu i trong ngày

PH N 1 B/ Gi i t Gi i t

NG và danh t

PHÁP T

V NG

ng g p

afraid of; s hãi accustomed to V-ing (= used to V-ing): quen v i addicted to sth: nghi n ashamed of: h th n, b i r i

bad at: không gi i v bored with: chán based on: d a trên cái gì busy with sth/sb (ho c busy doing sth) crazy about: ng vì cái gì capable of: có kh cái gì committed to: t n tâm = devoted to= dedicated to concerned about/for sth: lo l ng, quan tâm v cái gì careful with/about/of sth: c n th n

conscious of: nh n th

crowded with sth = packed with curious about: tò mò D

derived from: b t ngu n t cái gì dissatisfied with: không hài lòng

excited about: có h ng thú v i excellent at/in: xu t s c eager for: hào h ng nthusiastic about: h ng thú experienced in: có kinh nghi m v cái gì

famous for: n i ti ng fed up with/about: chán ng y fond of:

glad about: vui m ng generous with: r ng rãi, r good at; gi i

happy about/with + sb/sth: h nh phúc

100

PH N 1

PHÁP T

interested in: quan tâm, thích thú identical with/to: gi impressed with/by: innocent of:

ng i

jealous of:

keen on : thích thú

late for: mu n

nervous of/about: lo l ng

opposed to: b

proud of: t hào v pleased with: hài lòng v i polite to: l ch s popular with: c yêu thích b i s qualified for:

u ki

responsible for: ch u trách nhi m v ready for: s n sàng related to: l n be/get + rid of: t ng kh

sick of: chán ng y scared of: s hãi similar shocked at/by: s c skillful at: khéo tay, tài gi i suitable for/to: thích h p

tired of: chán vì cái gì tired from: m t m i vì làm gì

used to: quen v i

worried about: lo l ng wrong with/about: sai v

101

V NG

PH N 1 Gi i t

PHÁP T

: A fall/drop/decrease: gi m Addiction to: thói nghi n cái gì Admission to: quy

An increase in: t Answer to: câu tr l i Appeal to: l i kêu g i ai Attention to: quan tâm, chú ý

Cause of: nguyên nhân C

u m i, manh m i Confidence in: s

Damage to: thi t h i Danger of: nguy hi m D

Delay in: s trì hoãn cái gì Demand for: nhu c u Desire for: s mong mu n, khao khát gì Devotion to: c ng hi n

Faith in: s

Inspiration for: ni m say mê I

Interest in: s quan tâm Introduction to: s gi i thi u ai

Key to: gi i pháp

Need for: nhu c u

Passion/love for: ni m say mê Reation to: ph n ng Reason for: lý do

i Request for: yêu c u v vi c gì Room for: ch tr ng

102

V NG

PH N 1 S T W

PHÁP T

V NG

Specialist in: chuyên gia Thirst for: s khao khát Trust in: s tin c

With a view to: v i m

V N D NG 1. I shall meet you______ the corner of the street. A.

B. in

C. to

D. from

C. into

D. at

C. in

D. since

2. It never snows here ______ Christmas. A. in

B. on

3. He never comes ______ time for class. A. at

B. on

4. We had a few problems at first, but ______ the end everything was OK. A. at

B. in

C. on

D. from

A. at

B. on

C. in

D. since

6. I waited for you ______ half an hour and then decided th A. at

B. in

C. on

D. for

C. into

D. at

7. I have no time ______ the moment. A. in

B. on

8. I had been away for many years. ______ that time, many things had changed. A. Since

B. For

C. During

D. On

9. She is never late ______ work. A. to

B. for

C. from

D. at

A. from

B. of

C. with

D. about

C. in

D. of

10.

11. She was experienced ______ marketing. A. about

B. with

12. Yesterday, Nga was absent ______ class because she was ill. A. with

B. for

C. from

103

D. in

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

13. A. from

B. to

C. with

D. by

14. Are you still upset ______ what I said to you yesterday? A. with

B. about

C. of

D. to

C. in

D. A & C

15. I was surprised ______ the way he behaved. A. at

B. with

16. These toys are not suitable ______ children under five. A. for

B. with

C. of

D. about

A. to

B. for

C. about

D. with

A. of

B. about

C. to

D. with

A. with

B. to

C. by

D. of

C. of

D. for

17.

18.

19.

20. Can we be sure ______ his honesty? A. with

B. to

1. ám ch m t không gian ch t h p

Gi i thích: D

ch m t không gian m , quanh góc... Tôi s g p b n

góc ph .

2. Gi i thích: at Christmas = vào l Giáng sinh D

Tuy t không bao gi

Giáng sinh

3. Gi i thích: D

; in time: k p lúc Anh ta ch ng bao gi vào l

4. Gi i thích: in the end = finally: cu i cùng

104

trong góc...

PH N 1 D

NG Ba

PHÁP T

u chúng tôi g p m t vài v

V NG i cùng m i th

5. Gi i thích: at the end of sth: vào cu i c D

Tôi s

i tu n này.

6. Gi i thích: for + kho ng th i gian: trong bao lâu i b n trong n a ti

ng h

nh r ng b

7. Gi i thích: at the moment: vào lúc này, bây gi D

Bây gi tôi không có th i gian.

8. Gi i thích: Since + m c th i gian: k t khi; For + kho ng th i gian:

i gian;

During + N: trong su xa trong nhi

t kho ng th

9. Gi i thích: to be late for sth: mu n làm gì D 10.

Cô ta không bao gi

Gi i thích: to be worried about: lo l ng v D

Linda trông có v không kh e l m. Tôi r t lo cho cô y.

11. Gi i thích: to be experienced in: thành th o D

Cô ta r t thành th o trong vi c ti p th

12. Gi i thích: to be absent from: v ng m t D

h c b i cô y b

13. Gi i thích: to be fed up with = to be bored with: chán D

t lo

14. Gi i thích: to be upset about: bu n v

105

u th

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

B n v n bu n v nh ng gì tôi nói v i b n ngày hôm qua à?

D 15.

Gi i thích: to be surprised at: ng c nhiên t ng c nhiên v

c a anh ta.

16. Gi i thích: to be suitable for: phù h p Nh

p v i tr

i 5 tu i.

17. Gi i thích: to be sensitive to: nh y c m v i Nó khi n tôi r t nh y c m v i nhu c u c

i khuy t t t.

18. Gi i thích: to be concerned about: quan tâm Jane r

n s c kh e y u c a m cô y.

19. Gi i thích: to be ashamed of: x u h v Albert nói r ng anh ta r t x u h v

không t t c a b n mình.

20. Gi i thích: to be sure of: ch c ch n Chúng ta có th ch c ch n v s trung th c c a anh ta không?

16. M O T

(ARTICLES) Cách dùng c m t danh t s

Ví d c.

c m t danh t làm b túc t M ot b

- An umbrella, an egg, an yellow box

(k c danh t ch ngh nghi p). c t có phiên âm b t

nh: a, an

u là ph âm. ng t có phiên âm b

u là

nguyên âm M ot

Khi v t th hay nhóm v t th là duy The Sun, The world

106

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

Cách dùng nh: nh t ho The

c xem là duy nh t

c m t danh t , v danh t

Ví d

u ki n I saw a beggar. The beggar looked

này v a m

c p curiously at me.

The first day, the best nh (duy nh

dùng n

it s

The whale is in danger of becoming

ng v t, m t loài ho

extinct.

v t t The old, the rich and the poor i, m t t ng l p trong xã h i. c nh ng danh t riêng ch bi n, sông, qu núi, tên g i s nhi u c

The Pacific, The Netherlands, The

o, dãy Crimea, The Alps c, sa

m c, mi n c nh c c

The guitar

V N D NG 1. Taiwan is ______ island. It is ______ largest island of ______ Republic of China. A. an, a, Ø

B. the, the, Ø

C. a, the, the

D. an, the, the

2. It is hot in ______ summer, and ______ days are longer. A. a, the

B. Ø, the

C. the, the

D. the, Ø

3. Where there is ______ will, there is ______ way. A. the, a

B. the, the

C. a, the

D. a, a

4. ______ Vietnamese are ______ hardworking people. A. The, a

B. The, Ø

C. Ø, Ø

107

D. Ø, a

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

5. A. Ø, Ø

B. the, a

C. the, Ø

D. the, the

6. Jimmy has tried twice, and now he will give it ______ third try. A. one

B. another

C. the

D. a

7. Henry is fond of listening to ______ radio while John is interesting in watching ______ TV A. Ø, Ø

B. the, a

C. the, Ø

D. Ø, the

C. the

D. Ø

8. He works at night and sleeps during ______ day. A. a

B. an

9. The Laos often have ______ dinner at home but last Sunday they had ______ good dinner at a restaurant. A. Ø, a

B. Ø, Ø

C. a, a

D. a, Ø

C. a

D. one

10. We elected Jessica ______ head of the club. A. Ø

B. the

11. The invitation has been accepted by ______ dancer and ______ singer. A. the, a

B. a, a

C. the, the

D. the, Ø

12. I remember Steven was here in ______ spring of 2001, perhaps in ______ April of that year. A. Ø, the

B. Ø, Ø

C. a, Ø

D. the, the

C. an

D. the

C. an

D. the

C. Ø

D. a

C. a

D. the

13. You will find the picture on ______ tenth page. A. this

B. Ø

14. This is ______ only discount I can offer you. A. Ø

B. one

15. The lion was shot in ______ nose A. its

B. that

16. A sailor is ______ person who works on a ship. A. one

B. Ø

17. I enjoy playing ______ soccer while Tom enjoys ______ music. He can play ______ trumpet very well. A. the, the, Ø

B. Ø, Ø, the

C. the, the, the

D. Ø, Ø, Ø

18. The Sun gives everyone light during ______ day. A. one

B. the

C. a

D. Ø

19. Lily is fond of listening to ______ music while Kevin is interested in playing ______ piano.

108

PH N 1

A. the, Ø

PHÁP T

B. Ø, Ø

V NG

C. the, the

D. Ø, the

20. Beyond ______ stars, the astronaut saw nothing but ______ space. A. the, the

B. Ø, the

C. Ø, Ø

D. the, Ø

1. câu th

Gi i thích:

câu th nh nên có t o l n nh t c a C ng Hòa Trung Hoa.

Dc 2. Gi i thích: C

n có m o t

nh là nh ng

ngày c a mùa hè. Tr

D 3.

Gi i thích: C

u là các danh t

c nh

ng.

D 4. Gi i thích: Ta s d

t danh t s nhi u ch m

ng t chia s nhi

c s nhi

i trong xã h i, c nh

u nên không c n có m o t . i Vi t Nam là nh

5. Gi i thích: D

c tên bi n ta s d ng m o t Quê c a Rose

bi n phía Nam và cha anh y

6. Gi i thích:

c các danh t ch s th t

the first, the second, the third.

2 l n, và bây gi anh ta s th nó l n th 3.

7. Gi i thích: C m t D

109

nl n

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

8. Gi i thích: C m t D

(trong ngày)

Anh ta làm vi

ban ngày.

9. c tên b a

Gi i thích:

ng không có m o t

thì ta s d ng công th c: have + a/an + adj + N. i

D th nh so n

nh t tu

nhà hàng.

10. Gi i thích: C u trúc The + N1 + of + the + N2 D

Chúng tôi ch n Jessica là ch t ch c a câu l c b .

11. p thu n l i m i này

Gi i thích: (The invitation). D

L im

c ch p thu n b

12. Gi i thích: T t c th D

Tôi nh Steven

13. c các danh t ch s th t , ta s d ng m o t

Gi i thích: D

B n s tìm th y b c tranh này

trang th 10.

14. Gi i thích:

t c gi m giá duy nh t tôi có th

D 15.

c tên các b ph n c

Gi i thích:

, ta ch có th s d ng tính s h u, không dùng m o t .

D 16. Gi i thích: C D

Th y th là m

S + to be + a/an + N (s ít) i làm vi c

trên tàu.

17.

110

PH N 1

PHÁP T

V NG

c tên các môn th thao, âm nh c không có m o t

Gi i thích:

c tên các nh c c có

m ot c. Anh y có th

D trumpet r t gi i. 18. Gi i thích: During the day: (trong m t ngày/ ban ngày) D

M t tr

i ánh sáng ban ngày.

19. Gi i thích:

c tên các môn th thao, âm nh c không có m o t

c tên các nh c c có

m ot D

Lily thích nghe nh

20. Gi i thích:

c các danh t ch s duy nh

the sun, the moon, the sky,

t qua nh ng vì sao, phi hành gia không th y gì khác ngoài kho

111

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I

NGH

1. M

I KHÁC GIÚP: (Making request) Tr l i

ngh

ng ý

- V-

- Certainly.

- V-

- Of course.

busy. (I have something

- Please + V-

- Sure

else to do.)

- Can you + V-

- No problem.

- Could you + V-

- What can I do for you?

how to do it.

- Would you please + V-

- How can I help you?

- Will you + V-

- By all means.

ould + V-

- Yes, with pleasure

* Riêng v i m u:

- Would/Do you mind + V-

- No, of course not. - Not at all.

Ex:

A. Could you please show me the way to the post office? B. Can you swim? wallet. D. Can anyone tell me why my camera is out of order?

Gi i thích:

ngh

Could you + Vch

n không?

i. Tôi không th

112

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I c không?

B. Anh có th

t ví c a mình. D. Ai có th cho tôi bi t t i sao máy nh c a tôi l i h ng không?

Ex:

A. Yes, I would.

B. Sure.

C. Why not?

ngh

Gi i thích:

D. Not at all.

Would you mind + Vn không khi ph i khóa c a lúc anh r

i: A. Có, tôi s . B. Ch c ch n C. T i sao không?

2. M

NGH

I KHÁC: (Making offer)

ngh

Tr l i

- Can I help you?

- Yes/No. Thank you

- Shall I + V-

- What can I do for you?

- May I help you?

- That would be great.

- Do you need any help?

- Oh, would you really? Thanks a lot.

- Let me help you

y kind of you.

manage, thanks. - No, thank you. I can manage.

Ex1:

A. Is it cheap? Thank you. D. I bet you will. 113

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I

D tt tb i: A. Nó có r không? C t câu h i hay. D. Tôi cá là anh s làm. Ex:

Joan: "_______________" Linda: "No, thank you." A. What's the matter with you?

B. Will you go to the supermarket?

C. Can I get you something to drink?

D. What do you think about the food?

Joan: "Tôi l y cho b n m

u ng nhé?"

Linda: "Không, c i: A. B n có v

gì v y?

B. B n s vào siêu th ch ? D. B n th y th

nào?

3. M

I KHÁC: (Asking for permission) - May I + V- Can I + V- Would you mind if I + V (chia quá kh - Do you mind if I + V (chia hi n t

Xin phép

- Excuse-me! May I + V- Do you think I could + V- I wonder if I could + V- Is it all right if I could/can + V- Certainly.

Tr l i

ng ý

- Of course. - Please do. - Please go ahead. 114

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I - Sure. - I'd rather you didn't. Không ng ý

- I'd prefer you didn't. - No, I'm afraid you can't. - I'm sorry, but you can't.

Ex1: The man: "Do you mind if I smoke here?" The woman: "___________" A. Yes, I do.

B. No, thank you.

C. I'd rather you didn't .

D. Yes, please.

y phi n n u tôi hút thu c

i ph n : "Tôi mong là anh không." i: A. Có, tôi có. B. Không, c D. Vâng, xin vui lòng. Ex2:

Lili: "____________" Christina: "Please go ahead!"

A. Where is the post office?

B. Is it far from here?

C. Do you mind going there on foot?

D. Do you mind if I sit here?

Lili: "B n có phi n n u tôi ng

Christina: "C t nhiên!" i: n

C. B n có phi n n

4. M U CÂU "R "/G I Ý: (Making suggestion) Câu "r "/g i ý

Tr l i

- Let's + V-

- Yes, let's. 115

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I

- Why don't we + V-

- No, let's not.

- Shall we + V-

- That's a good idea.

- How about + V-

- Yes, definitely.

- What about + V-

- Sure, why not?

- I think we should + V-

- By all means.

- I suggest that we + V-

- That's probably the best option.

- It might be a good idea if we + V- I think the best way of dealing with this situation would be + to V- If you ask me, I think we should/could + V-

Ex1: Victor: "Shall we go to the cinema?" Bean: "___________" A. Yes, let's.

B. Yes, we shall.

C. Yes, let us.

D. Yes, I am.

D Bean: " i: B. Vâng, chúng ta nên. y trong ng pháp.

C. Không có các c D. Vâng, là tôi.

Ex2: William: "Let's go to China Town to have dinner!" His friends: "____________." A. Yes, please.

B. No, we don't.

C. Sure, why not?

n ph

i!"

B n bè c a ông y: "Ch c ch n, t i sao không nh ?" i: A. Có, xin vui lòng. ng. D. T t nhiên.

116

D. Of course.

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I

5. M U CÂU C Câu c

Tr l i

- Thank you.

- You're welcome.

- Thank you very much.

- That's all right.

- Thanks a lot.

- Not at all.

- Thanks a lot for (N/V-ing).

- It's my pleasure.

- It's very kind of you.

- Don't mention it.

Ex1: A: "Thanks for helping me with my exam!" B: "______________" A. No way.

B. Don't mention it.

A: "C

C. So what?

D. Of course.

thi!"

B: "Không có gì." i: A. Không th nào. C. Thì sao? D. T t nhiên. Ex2: Mai: "Linh, you picked me up yesterday. Thanks a bunch!" Linh: "_______________" A. Who else?

B. Never mind.

C. You're welcome.

D. Never again.

án C. Mai: "Linh, b

i qua. C

t nhi u!"

Linh: "Không có gì." i: A. Có th là ai khác? B. Không sao. D. Không có l n nào n

6. M

NH L I THÔNG TIN: (Confirming information)

- Pardon (me)! - Please say that again! - Excuse-me! What did you say? 117

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I

- Could you repeat that? Ex1: A: "Give me your ticket, please." B: "______________ It's so noisy in here." A. Yes, please.

B. Pardon?

C. What did he say?

D. Who told you that?

án B. a anh."

D B: "Xin l i, anh nói l

c không. Trong này n quá."

i: A. Có, xin vui lòng. C. Anh

D. Ai nói v i anh th ? Ex2: Will: "Do your homework from exercise 1 to 10." Harry: "__________ I haven't written it down." A. I will never do it. B. Could you repeat that? C. Sure, why not? D. Who cares about homework.

Will: "Hãy làm bài t p v nhà, t bài s

Harry: "Th y có th nh c l

n 10."

c không

i: A. Em s không bao gi làm nó. C. Ch c ch n, t i sao không? n bài t p v

7. M U CÂU M I: (Making invitation) Câu m i M

- Would you like +

Tr l i ng?

- Yes, please. - No, thanks.

- Would you like + to V-

- Yes, I'd love to. (Thanks)

- Do you fancy + V-

- That's very kind of you, thanks.

- Do you feel like + V-

- That sounds lovely (interesting). 118

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I - That's a good idea. Thanks. - That would be great. Thanks. - I'm sorry. I'm afraid I can't. -

Ex1: Tommy: "Would you like to see a movie tonight?" George: "___________" A. Yes, by all means.

B. Really?

C. Why don't you ask me early?

D. That sounds lovely.

Tommy: "B n có mu n xem m t b phim t i nay không?"

t là tuy t v i." i: c. B. Th t sao? C. T i sao b n không h i tôi s m nh ? Ex2: Kate: "Would you like some more wine?" Jack: "_________________"

A. No, I wouldn't.

B. Oh! I'm so thirsty.

C. No, I'm not.

D. Sorry, I can't drink wine.

Kate: "Anh có mu

u n a không?"

Jack: "Không, tôi không." i: B. Ôi! Tôi khát quá. u trúc). D. Xin l i, tôi không th u

8. M U CÂU CHÚC M NG: (Congratulating others) Câu k

Tr l i (câu chúc m ng)

- I've passed the entrance exam.

- You did a great job!

- I've got a driving licence.

- Congratulations! 119

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I - Excellent!

- Well done!

Ex1: Sam: "I've won some lottery tickets." Laura: "______________" A. How comes!

B. It's ridiculous!

C. Congratulations!

D. How stupid!

ng m t s vé x s ."

Laura: "Chúc m ng nhé!" i: A. T i sao ch ! B. Th t vô lý! D. Th t ngu ng c làm sao!

9. M U CÂU XIN L I: Câu xin l i

Tr l i

- I'm very/extremely/awfully/terribly + sorry.

- That's all right, ok.

- Sorry. It's/was my fault.

- Not too worried!

- I do apologise.

- No need to apologize.

- Please accept my apologies.

- Don't worry about it!

- I'm sorry for + N/V-ing

- Never mind!

Ex1: Mike: "I'm sorry for coming late." Lily: "___________" A. Never mind!

B. Shut up!

Mike: "Tôi xin l

C. Stand there!

n mu n"

Lily: "Không sao!" i:

ng 120

D. Sit down, please!

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I

D. Hãy ng i xu ng! Ex2: John: "Sorry. It's my fault! I misunderstood the instruction." Sam: "_____________ Everything will be all right." A. Go ahead!

B. Keep it a secret!

John: "Xin l

C. Why not?

i c a tôi! Tôi hi u l

ng lo l ng quá! M i th s

D. Not too worried!

ng d n."

n thôi."

i: A. C t nhiên! B. Gi bí m t nhé! C. T i sao không?

10. M U CÂU TH HI N L I KHEN: (Compliments) Câu th hi n l i khen

Tr l i

- You really have + positive adjective + Noun.

- It's very kind of you to say so, thank you!

- I've never seen such a perfect thing on you.

- Thank you. That's a nice compliment.

- Your + noun + is/was + positive adjective +

- Thanks. I think I've finally found (the color, the

complement - You are a/an + positive adjective + complement - What (a/an) + positive adjective + Noun!

- I'm glad you like it, thanks. - You've got to be kidding./You must be kidding.

- How + positive adjective/adverb + subject +

I thought it was terrible,

Verb!

Ex1: Peter: "Your hair style is terrific, Cindy!" Cindy: "Thanks. ____________" A. I think I've found a style that looks decent and is easy to handle. B. I can't believe you. C. Who told you to tell me so? D. You are welcome!

Peter: "Ki u tóc c a b n th t tuy t v i, Cindy!"

121

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I y m t ki u trông nhã nh n và d

Cindy: "C sóc." i: B. Tôi không th tin b n. C. Ai b o b n nói v y v i tôi? D. Không có gì!

Ex2: Phil: "You're great dancer, Huong. I wish I could do half as well as you." Huong: "________________" A. Thanks, Phil. That's a nice compliment! B. I also think so! C. My mother also told me that. D. Never mind.

Phil: "B n là m

c tôi có th b ng m t n a b n."

n c quá khen!"

! C. M

y v i tôi.

D. Không có gì.

11. M U CÂU TH HI N Ý PH H A: (Expressing the same idea) -M

d ng kh

nh: "so + V-aux + subject". -aux, too".

-M

d nh ph

nh: "neither + V-aux + subject". -aux + not, either".

Ex1: Steve: "I'm fond of Italian Spaghetti." Sarah: "____________." A. Go ahead

B. Me, too

C. Of course

Steve: "Tôi thích món m Ý Spaghetti." ." i: 122

D. Absolutely

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I

A. Ti n lên.

D. Hoàn toàn. Ex2: Kate: "This evening, I can't come to Peter's birthday party. I have to finish my assignment." George: "______________." A. Me too.

B. Yes, I am.

C. Why not?

Kate: "T i nay, tôi không th

D. Neither can I

n b a ti c sinh nh t c a Peter. Tôi ph i hoàn thành bài

t p c a mình." ."

. (dùng cho d ng kh

nh)

B. Vâng, là tôi. C. T i sao không?

12. CÁC M U CÂU H I THÔNG D NG: i này. Ph câu h

c cung c p nh m giúp h c sinh ôn l i các

ng g p. Câu h i

Tr l i

- What (gì)

Dùng các danh t ch v t

- Who (ai)

Dùng các danh t ch

- What time (m y gi )

Dùng các danh t ch gi

Dùng các c m: to V-inf, in order to, so as to,

làm gì)

so that, in order tha

- Where (

Dùng các tr ng t ch

- Why (t i sao)

Dùng các t ch lý do

- Which (ch n l a trong t p h p bi - When (khi nào) - How (th nào)

Dùng các t ch

ng c n ch n

Dùng các t ch th i gian n di chuy n)

Dùng các t ch Dùng tính t , tr ng t

123

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I Dùng các tr ng t t n su t (sometimes,

- How often (t n su t, bao lâu 1 l n) - How + tính t :

s l n nào

Xem tính t sau "how" h i gì thì tr l

(how far, how fast - How many

i danh t

c, s nhi u) - How much

Dùng các t ch s

i danh t không

ng, giá ti n.

c, s ít ho c giá ti n)

TRÍCH D N CÁC CÂU GIAO TI P IH IH

105

Câu 25: Janet: "Do you feel like going to the cinema this evening?" Susan: "____________" A. I don't agree. I'm afraid.

B. You are welcome.

C. That would be great.

D. I feel very bored.

Janet: "C u có c m th y mu

i nay không?"

Susan: "Th t tuy t." i: ng ý. Tôi e là v y. B. B D. Tôi c m th y r t chán. Câu 30: Laura: "What a lovely house you have!" Maria: "_________"

A. Of course not, it's not costly.

B. Thank you. Hope you will drop in

C. I think so.

D. No problem.

Laura: "B n có m t ngôi nhà th Maria: "C m

n. Hy v ng b n s 124

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I i:

A. T t nhiên không, nó không t n kém. . D. Không v

gì.

174

Câu 48: - "Mum, I've got 600 on the TOEFL test." - "_____________" A. Good way!

B. You are right.

- "M

C. Oh, hard luck!

D. Good job!

m tra TOEFL."

- "T t l m!" i: ng! i! C. Oh, th t b t h nh! Câu 59: John: "Do you think that we should use public transportation to protect our environment?" Laura: "___________" A. Of course not. You bet!

B. Well, that's very surprising.

C. There's no doubt about it.

D. Yes, it's an absurd idea.

John: "B

ng chúng ta nên s d

n công c

ng không?" Laura: "Ch c ch n, không nghi ng gì v vi

i: A. T t nhiên là không r i. Ch c ch n luôn! c nhiên. D. C

ng ng ng n.

Câu 62: Lora: "Your new blouse looks gorgeous, Helen!" Helen: "________" A. Thanks, I bought it at Macy's.

B. It's up to you.

125

b o v môi

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I

C. I'd rather not.

D. You can say that again.

Lora: "Áo m i c a b n trông tuy

Helen: "C

p, Helen!"

i c a hàng c a Macy."

i: B. Tùy thu c vào b n. C. Tôi không thích. D. Không sai tí nào. Câu 64: B. Good idea, thanks.

A. C. Thanks, I will.

ng quên g i l i h

n cha m b

nh i:

A. Không có gì. ng hay, c D.

m hân h nh c a tôi.

Câu 66: B. Very little. C. Well done.

D. Very much.

n thích món bít t t c

i: A. Tôi không thích nó l m. B. R t ít. D. R t nhi u.

126

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I IH

184

Câu 45:

A. Yes, I can.

B. I am, of course.

C. I feel sorry.

D. Yes, with pleasure.

m c as

D c, r t s i: A. Có, tôi có th . B. Tôi, t t nhiên. C. Tôi c m th y ti c. Câu 51:

A. Why not?

B. By all means, sir.

n th

, ch c ch

i: A. T i sao không?

D. Tôi r t mu n. Câu 56:

A. Sorry for staining your carpet. Let me have it cleaned. B. Would you mind going to dinner next Sunday? C. Thank you for being honest with me. D. Congratulations! How wonderful!

n th m c a b

127

tôi làm s

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I i:

B. B n có mu

i và Ch nh t t i không? t v i tôi.

C. C

D. Xin chúc m ng! Th t tuy t v i! Câu 58:

B. Not just now D. Forget it.

ng ph i bây gi i: A. Không, không ph i v y. C. Không, tôi s

nó.

Câu 65:

B. All right. Do you know how much it cost?

ng nh

i: B. Ok. B n có bi t nó t n bao nhiêu không? C. Không có chi! Nó r t h p v i b n. D. Nói th t, b n thân tôi không thích nó.

105

Câu 47:

128

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I

A. Shall you make some coffee, please B. Would you mind making some coffee

D. Shall I make you like some coffee

n. Phi n b

i xin l

c không,

tôi không th

i: A. B n s pha m t ít cà phê ch C. T i sao chúng ta không n u cà phê nh ? D. Tôi có nên khi n cho b n thích m t chút cà phê? Câu 49:

A. No longer.

u th i gian n

D t chút n

i: A. Không còn. C. Tôi s

D. Tôi s không hoàn thành. Câu 55:

A. I think that, too. C. Not completely.

D. Why not?

n có th giúp tôi v i bài lu n c

i không ch i:

129

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I .

B. Có, tôi e là không. C. Không hoàn toàn. Câu 65:

t kho ng th i gian th t tuy t. C

i t i tuy t v

r t vui vì b i: A. Có, nó th c s t t. B. Không, b n th t là t t b ng. i.

I A1 -

318

Câu 13:

A. Not for me

B. Not at all.

n có phi n khi b t qu

C. Never mind.

D. Not enough.

i: A. Không v i tôi. C. Không b n tâm. . Câu 18: Christy: A. Be yourself.

B. Do it yourself.

C. Help yourself.

u ng thêm m t tách trà n

130

D. Allow yourself.

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I t i:

A. Hãy là chính mình. B. T

D. Cho phép mình. Câu 26:

A. No thanks. I can manage.

n có c

D Kate:

x i:

B. Tôi không có m

u m i nào.

t c cho bây gi . D. Tôi s làm n thôi.

ID-

248

Câu 23:

A. so

B. too

C. either

không bao gi

D. neither

tl nn

i: không phù h p v ng pháp.

Câu 26:

A. My happiness

B. My excitement

t nhi u s

C. My delight

c ab

131

D. My pleasure

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I m hân h nh c i:

A. H nh phúc c a tôi B. S h ng kh i c a tôi C. Ni m vui c a tôi Câu 31:

A. No problem.

B. Certainly.

D. Straight away.

ng xem bu i hoà nh

D Kyle: i: A. Không có v

gì.

B. Ch c ch n.

I A1 -

248

Câu 1:

A. Yes, tell me about it! ree with you more!

D. Yes, please.

ng c

D ng ý v i b i: A. Có, hãy nói cho tôi bi t v B. n thôi!

Câu 17:

A. No way

B. No comment

C. No, thanks

132

D. No longer

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I

n có mu n m t ph n súp gà n

i: i nào.

A. K

B. Không bình lu n. D. Không còn n a.

ID-

359

Câu 25:

A. How are things with you, Mike? B. What about playing badminton this afternoon? C. Mike, do you know where the scissors are?

D không t ch i: A. M i chuy n th nào r i, Mike? C. Mike, B n có bi t kéo D. B n thích trà hay cà phê? Câu 39:

A. No, thanks.

B. No, not at all!

C. Yes, I do too.

quên cu n sách

, ch c ch n r i: A. Không, c

133

D. Yes, sure!

nhà! Tôi có th xem cùng b n

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I

B. Không, không sao! y.

BÀI T P T

GI I

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer in each of the following questions. 1. P

A. Yeah, OK.

B. Not too bad.

C. How do you do? 2.

A. See you lately.

B. See you later.

C. Thank you.

D. Meet you again.

A. Good luck. D. Congratulations! 4. T

A. I go there early.

B. Every day except Sunday.

C. I do not think so.

D. I go there by bus.

C. Neither do I.

D. So do I.

A. Is it far from here?

B. I came here last night.

C. The train is so crowded.

D. I came here by train.

7. 134

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XĂ&#x192; H I

A. I used to drive to work ng anything.

D. I usually sleep until noon.

8. Sarah A. be careful

C. take care

B. I like it.

10.

A. How often do you go shopping? B. How much do you want? C. Are you sure?

D. When will you get there?

11.

A. OK. C. Hold the line, please.

D. Go ahead.

A. Thank you.

B. Same to me.

C. Good luck.

D. See you.

A. Go ahead.

B. Not at all.

12.

13.

C. Come on. 14.

135

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XĂ&#x192; H I

15.

A. I know so.

B. Well, I hope so.

C. I think not. 16.

A. No, it is over there.

17.

B. do not have a watch ow

D. Know

18.

A. Yes, I will.

B. No, thank you.

C. Yes, I can.

D. I think so. Why?

A. Welcome back!

B. What are you doing there?

19.

rry I am late!

D. May I borrow a pencil, please?

20.

A. Yes, I do.

B. Soon.

C. Right now.

D. Yes, a little.

A. Yes, please.

B. Here you are.

A. What is he?

B. How is he?

21.

22.

136

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XĂ&#x192; H I

C. How tall is he? 23.

A. You are welcome.

B. Thank you.

C. Cheers.

D. Have a good day.

A. Really?

B. Pardon?

C. OK.

D. Forgive me.

24.

25.

mention it. D. Yes, that would be very nice. 26.

A. I hope so, too.

B. Good enough.

C. Thank you.

D. I really enjoy meeting you, too.

27.

A. I hope not. D. Yes, thank you. 28. A

A. Do you like flowers?

B. What do you like?

C. Can you help me?

D. Can I help you?

A. matter

B. problem

C. the matter

D. that

A. Good idea!

29.

30.

137

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XĂ&#x192; H I D. I need it

31.

A. What a shame!

B. What a pity!

C. Me too. 32.

C. No problem.

D. I went out for dinner.

A. In London.

B. Yes, I have just come here.

33.

D. I come from London.

34.

A. When

B. Why

C.How

D. How often

35.

A. What do you go to school?

B. Do you go to school by bus?

C. Who are you taken to school by? D. How do you come to school? 36.

A. That sounds interesting.

B. Same to you.

C. Thank you too.

D. Not at all.

37.

A. What do you want?

B. Please to meet you.

C. How are you?

D. Good morning,can I help you?

38.

A. How well you have played!

B. How come?

138

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XĂ&#x192; H I D. How are things?

39. A. Can you manage this job?

B. Let me carry this bag for you?

C. Do you nneed their support?

D. Can you give me a hand with this?

40. -

A. Could you drop by tomorrow, please? B. Thank you for a great evening. The food was good. C. I like your hangbag. Where did you buy it? D. I love raining on Sunday. 41.

A. Well, I like collecting stamps.

B. Oh, with computers.

C. Well, I want stamps.

D. Oh, on the phone.

A. Yes, but you should be brief.

B. Sorry, I left my watch home.

42.

C. Well. It is not as good as I think. -

43. -

A. It fits you

B. Nonsense. D. No money.

44. A. Sorry, for this inconvenience.

B. I have no clue.

C. Not at all. 45. A. No, thanks.

B. Yes,do it yourself.

C. All right, self-service.

D. Make yourself at home.

139

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I

1. t hân h

Gi i thích: tr ng dùng khi g

; cách tr l t hân h

t hân h i: A.

, ok.

B. Không quá t . C. Tôi kho , c 2. m bi

ng pb i: A. C u trúc câu sai ng pháp. C. C D. G p l i b n l n n a. (Câu này không dùng trong giao ti p) 3. t qua k thi cu i cùng c

i: A. Chúc may m n. B. B n th t t t khi nói v y. t ý ki n hay. 4. c nh

D i ngày tr Ch nh i: m.

140

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I . ng xe buýt.

5. D

i: y. (Câu này tr l

ng t

B. Tôi không.

6. D n b ng tàu ho i:

i qua. C. Tàu ho 7. ng làm gì vào Ch nh

ng ng i:

B. Tôi mu n ng c ngày. C. Tôi không làm gì c . 8. m bi

t, Jack. Và b o tr i: A. Hãy coi ch ng. ng v i vàng. ng quá nghiêm túc v chuy 9.

141

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I c m t chi c váy th

ng là b n th i: A. Th t t t. B. Tôi thích nó. C. Không sao. 10. D i tu n m t l i: B. B n mu n mua bao nhiêu? C. B n có ch c ch n không? D. Khi nào b n s 11. n tr

D ng lo l i: A. OK. máy. D. C t nhiên. 12.

t cu c ph ng v n vi

húc may m i: A. C

n. .

D. H n g p b n.

13. D

142

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I i:

A. C t nhiên. C. Ti n lên nào. D. Tôi m ng là b n thích nó. 14. ns

n vào th b y ch

i: Sai v m t ng pháp 15. ng b n s nh

Các

A. Tôi bi t v y.

y. 16. D

i: A. Không, nó C. Nó ch

ng kia.

bên ngoài.

17. n th l i, m y gi r i

ng h i: A. Xin l i, tôi không th y. C. Xin l i, tôi s không bi

D. Xin l i, tôi bi t.

18.

143

c công vi c này ch

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I n có r nh vào Ch nh t t

r i: B. Không, c

C. Có, tôi có th . . T i sao? 19. nm

D c ch n r i: A. Chào m ng b n tr l i! B. B C. Tôi xin l

n mu n.

20. D

i: A. Có, tôi có. B. S m thôi. C. Ngay bây gi . 21. D

n có mu n u

B. C a b C. Không quan tr ng. D. Tôi n. 22. y th nào r

y nr i:

144

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I

A. Anh ta là gì? C. Anh ta cao bao nhi u? D. Anh ta trông th nào? 23. t nhi u vì món quà tuy t di u c a b

i: B. C C. Chúc m ng. D. Chúc m t ngày t t lành. 24. ab

n nói l i: A. Th t sao? C. OK D. Th l i cho tôi. 25. n vì m t bu i t i tuy t v

nn i: B. Tôi r t m ng vì b n thích nó. n nó. y s th t t t. 26. cg pl ib

i: t t. C. C

D. Tôi th t s thích g p b n.

145

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I

27. i nay

i: A. Tôi hy v ng là không. B. Tôi s là tôi có th . D. Vâng, c 28. giúp gì cho b

n g i hoa cho v tôi i: A. B n có thích hoa không? B. B n thích gì? C. B n có th giúp tôi không? 29. n gì v y, Peter? B n trông không vui l

D i:

A. Không có c u trúc này. B. Không có c u trúc này. D. Cái gì kia, Peter? B n trông không vui l m. 30. D

i: B. Tôi không. C. T i sao l i th ? D. Tôi c n nó. 31. ng mình không th

n b a ti c sinh nh t cu i c a b n tu n này

146

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I

A. Th t là x u h ? y. y ra?

D. Chuy 32.

làm gì t

i: B. Oh, th t tuy t. C. Không v

. i.

33. nt

D nt i: A.

London.

B. Vâng, tôi v ng

London.

34. D nm i: A. Khi nào b B. T i sao b C. B

ng cách nào?

35. ng b

i: A. B n

c gì? (Th c ch

B. B

c b ng xe buýt không?

C. B

ng Anh.)

ng?

147

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I

36. ng

i: y.

A. Nghe thú v B. B

nhé.

37. i sáng, tôi có th giúp gì cho b

tìm m t món quà Giáng sinh cho b n gái c i: A. B n mu n gì? B. R t vu

c g p b n.

C. B n kho không? 38. D u th t kh ng khi i: B. Sao có th ? C. Có chuy n gì v y? (câu chào h i). D. B n kho không? (câu chào h i). 39.

án B. -

tôi mang túi này cho b

mang nó. C i:

A. B n có th qu n lý công vi c này không? C. B n có c n s h tr c a h không? D. B n có th giúp tôi m t tay không? 40. D

n vì bu i t i tuy t v ng vì b

148

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I i:

A. B n có th ghé qua vào ngày mai không, xin vui lòng? C. Tôi thích túi xách c a b n. B Nh t. 41.

án A. thích c a b

i: B. Oh, v i máy vi tính. C. Oh, tôi mu n tem. n tho i. 42. n có th cho tôi xin m

n nên nói ng n g i: B. Xin l

ng h

nhà.

C. . Nó không t t là tuy t v i. C 43. -

chi c áo n

av ib i:

B. Th t là v v n. C. Tu thu c vào b n. D. Không có ti n. 44. -

n có th cho tôi bi t làm th

n còn l i: A. Xin l i vì s b t ti n này. B. Tôi không có manh m i nào. (Tôi không bi t)

149

n g n nh

PH N 2

GIAO TI P XÃ H I

C. Không sao c . 45. D

B. Có, hãy t C. OK, t ph c v . D. Hãy t

nhà.

150

PH N 4

I CÂU

TÌM L I SAI

5 BÍ QUY T: Nh r ng nh ng t

c g ch chân là

Ki m tra m i ph

c g ch chân xem nó có th c s sai không.

T p làm quen v i các c

ng t và các c m t c

nh.

Xem xét c u trúc c a câu ph c. th

BÍ QUY T 1: NH

c các m c th

R NG NH NG T

C G CH CHÂN LÀ

BÍ QUY T 2: KI M TRA M I PH

C G CH CHÂN XEM NÓ CÓ TH C S

SAI KHÔNG. N um

ng t

c g ch chân, c n xem nó có phù h p v i ch ng không. N u m

c g ch chân, c n xem nó có phù h p v i danh t mà nó thay th không. Ví v minh ho : The Vermont Elementary Science Project, according to its founders, are designed to challenge A

some of the most widely held beliefs about teaching. C are designed

D is designed

Gi i thích: Ch ng c ng t c n chia D

The Vermont Elementary Science Project

d ng s ít

nên

d ng s ít.

Theo nh thách th c l i m t s ni

i sáng l p ra nó, d án Khoa h c Ti u h c lan truy n r ng rãi nh t v vi c gi ng d y.

151

c thi t k

PH N 4

I CĂ&#x201A;U

LUY N T P 1. Zoos in New Orleans, San Diego, Detroit, and the Bronx have become biological parks A where animals roam free and people watch from across a moat. B

2. According to modern astronomers, the space between the planets and stars is not empty; A

rather he is filled with something called dark matter. C

3. Beyond their importance as a source of food for both people and animals, corn is also used A

to produce alcohol-based fuels. 4. Intelligence, education, and experience all helps shape management style. A

5. In medicine, certain plastics have important uses because they do not affected by A

chemicals in the body, and they do not harm the body. D 6. Faced with A stepped up its efforts to develop more efficient heating systems with better insulation. B

7. In 1977, Kathleen Battle was hired by the New York Metropolitan Opera, where her A

became the star soprano. D 8. In the United States, the Cabinet consist of a group of advisers, each of whom is chosen by A

the President to head an executive department of the government.

152

PH N 4

I CÂU

thi Kh i D 2010]

After analyzing the steep rise in profits according to your report, it was convinced that your A

analyses were correct. D 10. If it is kept dry, a seed can still sprout up to forty years after their formation. A

roams freely

roam freely

Gi i thích: Ch ng c a m

d ng s nhi

ng t chia

d ng s nhi u. n thú

D sinh h

thành công viên

ng v

i t do và m

i xem chúng qua m t con hào xung

quanh. he

Gi i thích: Ch ng chính c thay th c a m

sau ph

v t/s v t) c hi

D không có kho ng tr their

y v i nh ng th g i là v t ch t t i.

its

Gi i thích: Ch ng chính c

ch v t s

t qua t m quan tr

cs d helps

i, không gian gi a các hành tinh và các ngôi sao

i t thay th

t ngu n th c ph m cho c

s n xu t nhiên li u c n.

help

Gi i thích: Ch ng c

nhi

ng t

chia d ng s nhi u. D

Trí tu , giáo d c, và kinh nghi m, t t c

qu n lý. 153

u giúp hình thành nên phong cách

PH N 4

BI do not affected

I CÂU

are not affected

Gi i thích: M

ch ng ng t

vào d

d ng b

là v t (s nhi u). D a

ng (s nhi u).

Trong y h c, m t s lo i nh a có tính ch t s d ng quan tr ng vì chúng không b

ng b i các hóa ch t trong có th và không gây h its

their

Gi i thích: Ch ng c h u ph i

d ng s nhi u

nên tính t s

ngôi 3 s nhi u. i m t v i tình tr ng thi u h t d u khí trong nh

D h c và k

i Hoa K

ng n l c phát tri n h th

i m hi u qu

cách nhi t t her

she

Gi i thích: Ch ng trong m có ch ng

quan h c n

ng, không ph i là tính t s h u. c thuê b

D mà cô

thành m t ngôi sao v i gi ng n cao. consist

consists

Gi i thích: Ch ng D

ng t c n chia d ng s ít.

T i Hoa K , n i các bao g m m t nhóm các c v n, m

l a ch

u m t b ph it was

d ng s ít

u hành c a Chính ph .

I was

Gi i thích: C m t

p làm ch ng vì m ng c

c T ng th ng

Sauk hi phân tích s

k th

ng nhanh chóng c a l i nhu n theo báo cáo c a

b n, tôi b thuy t ph c r ng phân tích c a b n là chính xác. 10.

n D. their

its

Gi i thích: Ch ng chính c

d ng s ít và ch v t

nên c n d ng tính t

s h u phù h p. D

c gi khô, m t h t gi ng v n có th n y m m k c

c hình thành.

154

PH N 4

I CÂU

BÍ QUY T 3: T P LÀM QUEN V I CÁC C C

NG T

VÀ CÁC C M T

NH.

Ví d minh h

thi kh i D 2009]

Although smokers are aware that smoking is harmful to A

B get rid it

get rid it. C

get rid of it

Gi i thích: C m t : get rid of (phrV): lo i b , t b M c dù nh

i hút thu c bi t r ng hút thu c lá có h i cho s c kh e c a h , h

v n không th t b nó.

t s ví d v các c

ng t

ng g

a chúng:

Get through with (phrV): hoàn thành (nhi m v ) Ví d : The soldiers have tried to get through with this difficult task. (Nh

g ng hoàn thành nhi m v khó khan này.)

Get into (phrV): b

u (làm vi c gì, thói quen gì)

Ví d : I got into conversation with an Italian student. u nói chuy n v i m

i Ý.)

Get on with (phrV): s ng hòa thu n (v i ai) Ví d (Cô y ch ng bao gi hòa thu n v i em gái c a mình.) t qua, gi i quy t, ki m soát (chuy n gì)

Get over

Ví d : I think the problem can be got over without too many difficulties. ng v

có th

c gi i quy t mà không có quá nhi u tr ng i.)

Look into (phrV): nghiên c u Ví d : An expert group has been set up to look into the problem. (M

c thành l

nghiên c u v

Look forward to Ví d

(Chúng tôi th c s mong ch th y k t qu bài thi c a mình.) Look over (phrV): ki m tra (ai, cái gì) Ví d : We looked over the house again before we decided to rent it. 155

PH N 4

(Chúng tôi ki m tra l

tl nn

I CÂU c khi quy

nh thuê.)

Put into for (phrV): yêu c Ví d : I put myself in for trying my best in this contest. (Tôi t yêu c u b n than mình ph i c g ng h t s c trong cu c thi l n này.) Put off (phrV): h y Ví d : She put the meeting off with the excuse that she had too much work to do. (Cô

y cu c h p v i lý do r ng cô có quá nhi u công vi

Put up with (phrV): ch

làm.)

Ví d (Tôi s không ch

ng vi c hút thu c c a h thêm m t chút nào n a.)

Fall off (phrV): gi m Ví d : Attendance at my lectures has fallen off considerably. (S

i tham d các bài gi ng c

)

Give up (phrV): t b , d ng l i Ví d (Cô

b vi c khi có em bé.)

Come along (phrV): xu t hi

Ví d : When she right opportu i thích h

n, cô y s b t l y nó.)

Get together (phrV): g p (ai), t t p Ví d : We must together for a drink sometime. (Chúng ta ph i g Go after (phrV): ch

y.) i theo

Ví d : She left the room tin tears, so I went after her. (Cô y r i kh

i theo cô y.)

Meet with (phrV): g p ph i (chuy n gì) Ví d : Her proposal met with resistance from the manager. án c a cô Set out (phrV): b

p ph i s ph

i t qu n lý.)

u, kh i hành (chuy

c, nhi m v

Ví d : The hunters set out to cross the mountains. (Nh ng tay th

ng bang qua nh ng ng n núi.) 156

PH N 4

I CÂU

Put in Ví d : Nicky has been putting in more hours at her office recently. (D

u th

làm vi c

Pull out (phrV): kéo ra, lo i ra Ví d : The firm is pulling out of the personal computer business. i vi c kinh doanh máy tính cá nhân.) Break down (phrV): h ng hóc, th t b i Ví d : The school bus broke down and had to be towed to the nearest garage. (Xe bus c

ng b h ng và ph

n ga-ra g n nh t.)

LUY N T P

1. Wildlife photographers are involved of a new government project to protect the 50 most A

endangered species in the United States. C

2. The ease of solving a jigsaw puzzle depends the number of pieces, their shapes A

and shadings, and the design of the picture. C

3. The giant panda closely resembles the bear, but account of certain anatomical features, A

it is placed in the raccoon family. D 4. Because of its low cholesterol content, margarine is a widely used substitute from butter. A

5. Mathematical puzzles are common into history because they have been used as intelligence A

tests and amusements. 6. Nuclear energy, despite its early promise as a source of electrical power, is still insignificant 157

PH N 4

BI A

I CÂU B

in compared with older and safer energy sources. D 7. Colleges in the newly formed Unites States, in recovering from the adverse effects of the A

American Revolution, inaugurated a broad curriculum in response of social demands. 1

8. The strongly patriotic

is credited about greatly

furthering the cause of confederation in Canada. D 9. Electromagnet will remain magnetized only as longer as electricity flows through it. A

10.

thi kh i D 2007)

In my opinion, I think this book is more interesting than the other one. A

are involved

are involved in

Gi i thích:

n/tham gia vào cái gì Nhi u nhi p

D b ov

ng v t hoang dã tham gia vào m t d án m i c a chính

ng v t có n

depends the

t ch ng nh t

M .

depends on the

Gi i thích: depend on sth: ph thu c vào cái gì D

Vi c d dàng gi i quy t m

thu c vào s

ng m nh

ghép, hình d ng và thi t k hình nh c a chúng. but account of

but on account of

Gi i thích: on account of: b i vì D

G u trúc kh ng l r t gi ng v i g

ph u nh

m gi i u trúc.

158

PH N 4

BI from

I CÂU

for

Gi i thích: substitute for sth/sb: thay th cho cái gì/ai ng cholesterol th

into

u gì/cái gì

toán h

ng ph bi n trong l ch s

ng bài ki

trí thông minh.

in compared with

thay th

Gi i thích: common in sth: ph bi

c s d ng r

in comparison with

Gi i thích: to compared with/to be compared with/in (by) comparison with: so v i M

D ch

c k v ng là m t ngu

ng h t

nhân v n không th sánh v i các ngu response of

response to

Gi i thích:

ng ng v Trong quá trình ph c h i t nh ng

i h c m i thành l p

u gì

ng tiêu c c c a cu c Cách m ng M ,

Hoa K

c ph c

ng nhu c u xã h i. about

with

Gi i thích: credit with: công nh n, cho là c m nh m

m nh m longer

long

Gi i thích: as long as: mi n sao/mi n là/ch c n D 10.

n v n s gi In my opinion, I think

c t tính mi

In my opinion N

Gi i thích: In my opinion: theo ý ki n c c l i, D

n ch y qua nó.

a: Theo tôi, cu n sách này thú v

n sách còn l i.

159

PH N 4

I CÂU

BÍ QUY T 4: XEM XÉT C U TRÚC C A CÂU PH C. Có ba lo

Khi tr l i các câu h i trong ph n S a l i sai, c

c bi

n c u trúc c a các câu ph c.

Ví d v câu ph c: Although replacement work on gas lines will begin on Monday, employees will not be affected. (M c dù vi

ng ng d n ga s b

u vào th Hai, công nhân s không b

ng.) Replacement work on gas lines, which will begin on Monday, will not affect employees. (Vi

ng ng d n ga b

u vào th Hai s không

n nhân viên.)

Ví d minh h a: The capital of the United States, originally New York City, was moved to Philadelphia A

where stayed until 1800. D . where stayed

where it stayed

Gi i thích:

nm tm

vì nó không thay th cho ch ng mà thay th

cho m

a Hoa K

u là thành ph

c chuy

n Philadelphia

LUY N T P

1. Ludmilla Turkevich, known as a translator and scholar in the field of Russian literature, A

she became a member of the faculty of Princeton University during the Second World War. C

2. The United States government program Head Start prepares children for school encourages A

B development.

160

PH N 4

I CĂ&#x201A;U D

3. Some snakes have hollow teeth are called fangs that they use to poison their victims. A

4. Ulysses S. Kay was among the Unites States composers visited the Soviet Union in 1958 A

to participate in a cultural exchange program. C

5. Gwendolyn Brooks, which won a Pulitzer Prize for poetry in 1950, had 75 poems published by A

the time she was twenty. D 6. T. S. Eliot received wide recognition after publishes The Waste Land, which fused poetic A

traditions with elements of modern music and language. C

D represent

abroad and report on

the A

conditions, trends, and policies of the country which they are stationed. D 8. Two unique features of the Arctic they are lack of precipitation and permanently frozen ground. A

9. Because of it consists only of a relatively short strand of DNA protected by a shell of protein, a A

virus cannot eat or reproduce by itself. D

161

PH N 4

I CÂU

10. By 1860, the railroads of the United States had 3,000 miles of track, three-quarters of which it A

was east of the Mississippi River and north of the Ohio River.

she became

became quan h rút g n v i ch ng

Gi i thích: m

sau không c

a ch ng .) c bi

t d ch gi và h c gi trong

thành m t gi ng viên t i m t khoa c a h c Princeton trong Th chi n II. school encourages

school and encourages i tách câu thành 2 v

Gi i thích: câu v

ch l c. a Chính ph Hoa K chu n b cho tr

D ng và khuy n khích s tham gia c a c

c phát tri n c a tr

em. are called

called/that are called

Gi i thích: Rút g n m

quan h v

ng t d ng b

ng. M

ng t Nhi u con r n có nh ng chi

D chúng s d

c con m i c a mình.

B. composers visited

Gi i thích: M

composers who visited.

quan h c

ng t

ng .

Ulysses S. Kay là m t trong nh ng nhà so n nh c Hoa K

which

Gi i thích:

who

i t quan h thay th

i ph t gi i Pulitzer v

D c xu t b n vào lúc cô y 20 tu i.

162

PH N 4

BI after published

I CÂU

after publishing

Gi i thích: After + Ving/c m danh t /m T. S. Eliot nh

c s bi

t h p các truy n th country which they

thành ph n c a câu rút g n) n r ng rãi sau khi xu t b n cu

i y u t âm nh c và ngôn ng hi

country in which they

i t quan h ch

Gi i thích:

Các nhân viên thu c m

a qu

cho l i ích c a qu

ng th i báo cáo v

u ki

i di n ng và chính

sách c a qu c gia mà h they are

are

Gi i thích: Ch ng c

-> không c a B c C c là thi

D Because of

Because

Gi i thích: Because + clause = Because of + noun/noun phrase Vì ch bao g m m

which it

Gi i thích:

c b o v b i m t d i khung

protein, virus không th 10.

i ng

which

i t quan h thay th cho ch ng chính c a câu nên không c n ch ng ng s t c

c M dài 3000 d

phía

a song Mississippi và phía b c c a sông Ohio.

BÍ QUY T 5:

C CÁC M C TH I GIAN VÀ

M. Các t và c m t trong câu có th bi u th thì c

ng t .

Xét m t s c m t sau: Last month

today

tomorrow

Yesterday

now

in two weeks

Since Tuesday

always

next July

Nh ng c m t này là d u hi u c a th i quá kh , hi n t Ví d minh h a: When she retires in September 1989, tennis champion Christine Evert was the most famous 163

PH N 4

BI A

I CÂU

woman athlete in the Unites States. D retires

retired t s vi c x y ra t i m t th

Gi i thích:

nh c th trong quá kh

i dung thì quá kh Khi cô y v

ch tennis Christine Evert là v n

ng viên n n i ti ng nh t

Hoa K .

LUY N T P

1. As a great aviation pioneer, Amelia Earhart was already famous when she sets out on her A

ill-fated attempt to circle the globe in 1937. D 2. The discovery of the antibiotic penicillin in 1928 has not produced antibiotics useful for the A

treatment of infectious diseases until 1940. D thi kh i A1 2013]

It was not until the end of prehistoric times that the first wheeled vehicles appearing. A

4. The letter still A

arrived at the end of the week. B

5. As soon as he will come back from his office, tell him to see me. A

6. The teacher had already given the homework when he had remembered that Friday was a holiday. A

7. Some students have always complain thay they do not have enough money to spend. A

8. Put the cap back on the bottle, otherwise the juice would spill. A

D 164

PH N 4

9. If airplane ticket

I CÂU

expensive, I could fly to Singapore for my holidays.

10. They visited America about a thousand years ago, on the eleventh centyry AD. A

sets

set

Gi i thích: Do m 1 th

c chia

quá kh

ng th

m c th trong quá kh

ng t

Là m t nhà tiên phong tuy t v i tro

n i ti

c khi n l

ng x y ra t i thì quá kh

t thành.

2. ng x y ra t i th

Gi i thích: quá kh D Vi sinh h u ích cho vi

m c th trong quá kh

ng t chia th i n xu t ra kháng

u tr các b nh truy n nhi

3. Gi i thích: D u hi kh D

là th i quá kh n cu i th i ti n s thì nh ng chi

ng t

quá

u tiên m i xu t hi n.

4. ng t câu chia

Gi i thích: D

quá kh hoàn thành nên c n m c ch rõ th

i tu n.

5. Gi i thích: Sau các liên t

c c khi),... thì m

Ngay khi anh ta s tr l

a mình, b

n g p tôi.

6. Gi i thích:

ng x y ra sau không dùng quá kh u hoàn thành mà dùng quá kh 165

PH N 4 D ch ng

I CÂU

Th y giáo v a m i giao bài t p v nhà thì nh ra r ng th Sáu là m t ngày ngh .

7. Gi i thích: Thì hi n t i hoàn thành: have/has + PII => d ng PII c D

M ts

àn nàn r ng h

chi tiêu.

8. Gi i thích: Th c ch

u ki n lo

tn pl

9. Gi i thích: C D

u ki n lo i 2: If S + were, S + would + V (nguyên th )

t, tôi có th

10. Gi i thích: in the eleventh century: vào th k th 11 D H công nguyên.

oa K kho ng m

c, vào th k th

i m t sau

BÀI T P T NG H P Exercise 1: 1. Although flies live longest in cool temperatures, it breed prolifically when temperatures A

are warm, food is abundant, and humidity is moderate. A B untamed wilderness attracts many people who enjoy the outdoors.

A B C D 3. The public ceremonies of the Plains Indians are lesser elaborate than those of the Navajo, A B C in the Southwest. D 4. consumer activities succeeded in promoting laws that set safety standards A

C widely range of household products. D 5. The fragrant leaves of the laurel plant to sell commercially as bay leaves and are used

166

PH N 4

A for seasoning foods. C D 6. Pop Art was a movement

I CÂU

whom imagery was based on readily

A B C recognized American products and people. D 7. speaking ability enabling him to effectively express the A B C demands for social justice for Black Americans. D 8. Because the tachinid fly is a parasite of harmful insects, much species have been imported A

into the United States to combat insect pests. D 9. The Egyptians first discovered that drying fruit preserved it, made it sweeter, and A

improvement its flavor. D 10. During his twelve year there, Ellsi Marsalis turned the New Orleans Center for the Creative A

Arts into a rich trainin place for future jazz stars. C

N 1. Gi i thích: Ch ng

d ng s nhi

i t thay th c n

D M c dù loài ru i s ng lâu nh t nhi m, ngu n th m v a ph i.

d ng s nhi u.

th p, chúng sinh sôi n y n khi nhi

2. Gi i thích: Ch ng c nhi u.

d ng s nhi

167

ng t chia d ng s

PH N 4 D

I CÂU

Nh ng khu v c r ng l n hoang vu c a Alaska thu hút nhi ng ngoài tr i.

i yêu thích ho t

lesser

Gi i thích: C u trúc so sánh: D c

Các bu i l t p th c i Navajo Tây Nam.

vùng Plains ít ph c t

i các bu i l

4. c danh t là m t tính t

Gi i thích: a wide range: m t ph m vi r ng

Trong nh c qu ng bá nh tiêu chu n an toàn cho xe ô tô, qu n áo tr em và m t lo t các s n ph m gia d ng.

D lu

to se

Gi i thích: Ch ng là danh t ch v

ng t

d ng b

a cây nguy t qu

ng.

bán và làm gia v cho th c ph m.

6. i t quan h th hi n s h u cho danh t

Gi i thích:

ng sau.

D Pop Art là m t phng trào c a nh nh ng s n ph in ib tc cM .

nh c a nó d a trên

7. Gi i thích: Câu thi

ng t

i gi

ng t chính trong câu.

D Kh n thuy t tuy t v i v a Martin Luther King cho phép anh y bi m t cách hi u qu nhu c u công b ng trong xã h i c a M

8. s nhi

Gi i thích: Much + N (s

c), không th theo sau b

m dc); Many + N (s nhi

c).

D B i vì h ru i tachinid là ký sinh c a các côn trùng có h kh u vào Hoa K ch ng l i các lo i côn trùng gây h i. 9.

n D: improvement

Gi i thích: C song hành v

10.

improved cn ib

i Ai C p l i thi

D cho nó ng

c nh p

u tiên phát hi n ra r c a nó.

: 168

ng t b o qu n nó, làm

PH N 4

I CÂU

nhi

Gi i thích:

cu i.

Trong su

D t o

n Trung tâm Ngh thu t Sáng o phong phú cho các ngôi sao nh

Exercise 2: 1. The Red River, so named because of the red-colored sediment it carries, it is one of the A

main branches of the Mississippi. C 2. Sawfish are shark-like fish have

of cartilage set with two rows of teeth on theirs

nouts. 3. All almost the electricity for industrial use comes from large generators driven by steam A

turbines. 4. Algebra is the branch of mathematics concetned with operations on sets of number or A B other elements that are often represented at symbols. C D 5. Designers of athletic footwear finely tune each category of shoe to its particularly activity by A B C studying human motion and physiology. D 6. In the United States, among 60 percent of the space on the pages of newspapers A

is reserved for advertising. C

7. Scientists believe that by altering the genetic composition of plants, it is possible to develop A specimens that are resisting to disease and have increased food value. B

8. The early periods of aviation in the United States was marked by exhibition flights made by A

individual fliers or by teams of performers at country fairs. 169

PH N 4

BI C

I CÂU

9. Being the biggest expanse of brackish water in the world, the Baltic Sea is one of special A

interesting to scientists D 10. On Ellesmere Island is the Arctic, one fossil forest consists of a nearly hundred large stumps A

scattered on an exposed coal bed. C

1. ng chính c a câu, v i d ng m trong câu.

Gi i thích: nh thì không c n thêm ch ng D Sông H nhánh chính c a sông Mississippi.

y do tr m tích

quan h không xác

mà nó có, là m t trong các

2. Gi i thích: Trong câu không th quan h v ng t

c. C n d ng m

ng cá m p v

D ch 3.

ng t

ng c a chúng.

All almost

Gi i thích: D b

n s d ng trong công nghi

n l n ch y

4. Gi i thích: C u trúc th D y ut

ng:

i di n b

i s là m t nhánh c a toán h c th hi n b ng các ký hi u.

5. Gi i thích: C n m t tính t

c và b

170

n các ho

ng trên b s ho c các

PH N 4

Nh ng nhà thi t k giày th c bi t b ng cách nghiên c u chuy

I CÂU

u ch nh m t cách tinh t m i lo i giày theo ho t ng c i và ho ng sinh lý h c.

6. Gi i thích: D

- gi

- kho ng (con s ).

M kho ng 60% không gian trên t báo là dành cho m c qu ng cáo.

D r

Gi i thích: be resistant to sth: ch

ng/ ch ng l i cái gì

D Các nhà khoa h c tin r ng b có th phát tri n các m u v t kháng l i b nh t

i thành ph n di truy n c a cây tr ng, th c ph m.

8. ng t

Gi i thích: s ít.

D m u th c hi n b i nh : interesting

c chia s ít nên ch ng u c a ngành hàng không hay nh

d ng

Hoa k u b i các chuy n bay i bi u di n t i h i ch qu c gia.

interests

Gi i thích: Sau tính t

n m t danh t .

D c l l n nh t th gi i, bi n Baltic là m t trong nh ng m i quan t bi t c a các nhà khoa h c. :

10.

nearly a

Gi i thích: D

tt t .

o Ellesmere B c C c, m t r ng nhiên li u hóa th ch bao g m g n m t c cây l n n m r i rác trên m thiên.

Exercise 3: When eggs of some species of insects hatch, the newly born insects look almost like its

1. A

adutl counterparts. 2.

Migration of animals may be initiated by physiological stimuli such as reproductive A

changes, external pressures such as weather change, a combination of either types of C 171

PH N 4

I CĂ&#x201A;U

changes. 3. Nocturnal creatures, raccons forage primarity at night and spend their days rest in their dens A

4. Dentistry is a branch of medicine that has developed very dramatic in the last twenty years. A

5. Plants range in size to tiny, single celled, blue A

green algae, invisible to the naked eye, to

giant sequoias, is the largest living plants. D on the way music reach its

audience and even influenced the way in which it was composed. C

7. The thin outer layer of the skin is called the epidermis, while the layer inner, which is A

slightly thichker, is called the dermis. 8. Great technical advances in aerial and satellite photography have been made since end of the A

Second World War. energy is generated deep in the solar core by the synthesis of helium from

hydrogen throught a sequences of thermonuclear fusion reactions. D 10. Using carbon dating techniques, archaeologists can determine the age of many A ancient objects by measurement the amount of radioactive carbon they contain. B

1. Gi i thĂch:

i t thay th

- d ng s nhi

172

PH N 4 D

I CÂU

Khi tr ng c a m t s lo i côn trùng n ra thì các lo i côn trùng m i sinh nhìn h u n gi ng v i nh ng thành.

2. Gi i thích: D D

hai ch không ph i 1 trong 2.

Vi i v sinh s n, các áp l

ng v t có th

ub ng i th i ti t, ho c k t h p c a c hai lo i thay

rest

Gi i thích: spend + time + doing sth: Dành th D Các loài sinh v t s ng v ban ngày cho vi c ngh

làm gì

y u ki m th c a nó

i gian

4. Gi i thích:

ng t

n m t tr ng t b

ng t

Nha khoa là m t nhánh c a y h

D 5.

c x p vào lo

Gi i thích: n B. t D th

c/ chi u dài/ giá

Nh ng loài th c v c t nh o màu xanh lá cây, không nhìn c b ng m ng, cho t i cây tùng kh ng l , là nh ng loài s ng l n nh t.

6. Gi i thích: Sau c m t ng t trong câu và c

c chia

thành ch ng c a 1 m d ng quá kh .

D Khoa h c và k thu t trong su t nh c n âm nh c c a khán gi và th n

n cách ti p c sáng tác.

7. Gi i thích: theo tr t t t , tính t D 8.

L p m ng ngoài cùng c c g i là l p h bì. since end

c danh t c g i là bi

since the end

Gi i thích: Thi u m o t

t thúc, cu i cùng c a (cái gì)

D Nh ng ti n b k thu t trong ch p nh trên không và v chi n tranh th gi i th hai. 9.

n D: sequences

sequence 173

c t o ra t cu i

PH N 4

Gi i thích: M o t

I CÂU

u th sau nó là danh t s

d ng s ít.

D ng m t tr c t o ra sâu trong lõi m t tr i b ng cách t ng h p helium t khí hydro thông qua m t chu i các ph n ng t ng h p nhi t h ch. 10.

: nm

Gi i thích: D c v tb

ng t ch

ng.

S d ng k thu t cac i, các nhà kh o c h c có th ng phóng x cac bon ch a trong chúng.

nh tu i c a

Exercise 4: 1. The evolutionary adaptation of a particular species of animal over time occurs in A B response to environmental conditions, including others animals. C D 2. Saturn is the second largest planted after Jupiter, with a diameter nearly ten times A

those of Earth. D 3. Ogden Nash often extened sentences over several lines produce surprising and comical A

rhymes. 4. Leontyne Price ranks among the most celebration sopranos of her time. A B C D 5. Diplomatic negotiations generally take place in embassies or in the foreign offices of the A B C countries which in ambassadors are accredited. D 6. Studies by B.F. Skinner indicate what reward positively reinforces behavior and makes that A B behavior likely more to recur. D 7. The oxygen in the air we breathe has no tased, smell, and color.

A B C D 8. The aardvarks is a mammal that burrows into the ground to catches ants and terminates. A B C D 9. Geologist find it useful to identification fossils in a rock sample because certain assemblages

174

PH N 4

I CÂU

A B C of species are characteristic of specific geologic time periods. D 10. The central purpose of management is for making every action or decision achieve a A

carefully chosen goal. D

1. c danh t

Gi i thích: D v

t tính t

S thích nghi ti n hóa c a m t s ng v t qua th i gian x y ra nh m thích ng u ki n c ng ng v t khác.

2. Gi i thích: M i hành tinh ch có duy nh t m D c a Trái

ng kính) nên ph i s d ng t

Sao Th là hành tinh l n th hai sau sao M t.

ng kính g p 10 l

ng kính

lines produce

3. Gi i thích: d

ng m r ng câu qua nhi

t ov

u mang tính ng c

c. 4.

Gi i thích: D D

t tính t .

Leontyne Price n m trong s các gi ng n cao n i ti ng nh t th i c a bà y.

5. Gi i thích: Thay th D phòng

n trong m is

quan h

ng di n ra t c ti p nh n.

i s quán ho c t

6. Gi i thích: more + adj/adv D tích c

Các nghiên c u c a B.F. Skinner ch ra r ng ph n.

175

ng c ng c hành vi m t cách

PH N 4

I CÂU

7. u là danh t nên c n d ng danh t c a t

Gi i thích:

Oxi trong không khí chúng ta th không v , không mùi và không màu.

catches

catch

Gi i thích: to + V(nguyên th ): ch m L

D m i.

t là m t lo

ng v

i xu

b t ki n và

9. Gi i thích: to + V(nguyên th ): ch m D a ch t nh n th y tính h u ích khi tìm ra hóa th ch trong nh ng m b i vì s t p h p c a nhi c tính c a t a ch t riêng bi t qua nhi u th i kì. :

10.

ng t

Gi i thích: D

ng .

M c nh ng m

t lõi c a vi c qu khi n m t cách th n tr ng.

ng hay quy

Exercise 5: 1. Human is formed during soil microorganisms decompose animal and plant material into A

usable elements by plants. C

2. A coral reef, a intricate aquatic community of plants and animals, is found only A

in warm, shallow, sunlit seas. D 3. Light rays what enter the eye must be focused onto a point on the retina in order for a clear A

visual image to form. D 4. One inventor that Thomas Edison can take credit for is the light bulb. A

176

PH N 4

I CÂU

5. Electric motors range in size from the tiny mechanisms that operate sewing machine to the A

great engines in heavy locomotives. D 6. The nitrogen makes up over 78 percent of A

surrounding the planet. D 7. The basic elements of public-opinion research are interviewers, questionnaires, A

tabulating equipment, and to sample population. C

8. Conservation organizations help for to preserve the ecology of an area by keeping track A

of endangered species. D 9. O Halifax is largest city and chief port of Nova Scotia and is the eastern terminus of A

two great railway systems. C

10. A change in direction of the monsoon winds result from the differences between the A

heating or cooling of landmasses and that of oceans. C

1. Gi i thích: when+clause (m

); during+kho ng th i gian

c hình thành khi vi sinh v

D ng v t

177

t phân h y các nhiên li u t

PH N 4

I CÂU

2. c danh t có phiên âm b

Gi i thích:

m hình thành t san hô, m t c

D ng v t, ch 3.

u là nguyên âm /

c tìm th y

ng ph c t p s

c c a cây

nh ng vùng bi n m, nông, chan hòa ánh n ng.

n A. Gi i thích: C

i t quan h thay th cho ch ng ch v

Nh ng tia sáng chi u vào m t ph

c t p trung vào m

t o thành nh ng hình nh th giác rõ ràng.

m trong võng

invent

Gi i thích: D

i là t

không ph

ng công tr ng v M t phát minh mà Thomas Edison có th

ng thành qu

sew

Gi i thích: D cr

ng, t nh ng b ph n nh v n hành trong

n các b ph n r t l

u máy xe l a h ng n ng.

6. Gi i thích: Chúng ta không s d

c s d ng ch s khái quát hay ch

nh ng s vi c chung chung và danh t này

d ng s nhi u ho

c. t kh

ng khí to l n bao

b c xung quanh hành tinh. 7. Gi i thích: C

i cùng ch

gi ng v D

Các y u t

b ng câu h i, thi t b l p b

n c a nghiên c u ý ki n công chúng là nh ng l y m u.

8. làm gì

Gi i thích:

178

i ph ng v n,

PH N 4

I CÂU

Các t ch c b o t n giúp b o t n sinh thái c u m t khu v c b ng cách theo dõi

t ch ng. 9. Gi i thích: C u trúc so sánh nh t: - S + to be + the + adj-est (v i tính t ng n) - S + to be + the + most + adj (v i tính t dài) O Halifax là thành ph l n nh t, là c ng chính c

m cu i c a hai h th

ng th i là

ng s t l n c a Canada.

10. ng t chính trong câu và ch ng c

Gi i thích: s

ng t c n ph i chia d ng s ít. S

ng bão nhi

ho c làm mát c

i là k t qu c a s khác bi t gi a vi c nóng lên

t li

ng l n.

Exercise 6: 1. There is evidence that the caribou originated into North America and crossed over a A

land bridge into Asia and evolved D 2. A number of the Pacific Islands are volcanoes that have pushed up from the ocean floor, A

others are the tops sunken mountain ranges. C

3. Each chemical element is characterized to the number of protons that an atom of that A

element contains, called its atomic number. D 4. From 1905 to 1920, American novelist Edith Wharton was at the height of her writing A

career, publishing of her three most famous novels. C

5. In the early twentieth century, there was considerable interesting among sociologists in

179

PH N 4

I CÂU A

the fact that in the United States, the family was losing its traditional roles. B

6. Electric lamps came into widespread use during the early 190

have replaced A

other type of fat, gas, or oil lamps for almost every purpose. B

7. Located in Canada, the Columbia Ice field covers area of 120 square miles and is 3.30 feet A

thick in some places. C

8. Composer Richard Rodgers and lyricist Oscar Hammerstein brought to the musical A Oklahoma extensive musical and theatrical backgrounds as well as familiar with the B

traditional forms of operetta and musical comedy. D 9. Because of its vast tracts of virtually uninhabited northern forest, Canada has one of A

the lowest population density in the world. D refers to the chemical changes which by living things transform

10.

food into energy. D

1. Gi i thích: originate from D

n t , b t ngu n t , có ngu n g c t

Có b ng ch ng cho r ng tu n l c có ngu n g c t B c M 180

t qua cây c u

PH N 4

I CÂU

t li n vào châu Á và phát tri n thành con tu n l c c a l

a già.

2. Gi i thích: t

nh c a cái gì M t s qu

ng ng n núi l

ng cái còn l

y lên t

nh c a các dãy núi ng m.

3. gb i

Gi i thích: M i nguyên t hóa h

ng proton mà m t nguyên t

c g i là s hi u nguyên t c a nó. 4.

C. Gi i thích: to publish sth (không có gi i t ): xu t b n T

n 1920, ti u thuy

nh cao

c a s nghi p vi t lách c a mình, xu t b n ba cu n ti u thuy t n i ti ng nh t c a cô y. 5. Gi i thích: interesting (adj): thú v ; interest (n): s quan tâm D

u th k XX, các nhà xã h i h c bày t s

t d n vai trò truy n th ng c a mình.

v th c t là

6. t lo t các danh t

Gi i thích: ph

c li

s nhi u. d ng r ng rãi trong nh

D các lo

t, ch t béo ho

u cho h u h t các m

7. cm

Gi i thích:

nh c th thì c n có m o t

c danh t . D

N m

và dày 3.30 feet

ng Columbia bao ph m t di n tích g m 120 d m vuông m

8. Gi i thích: C u trúc song hành: S

n là m t danh t song hành v

181

PH N 4 D

BI Nhà so n nh

I CÂU i vi t l

mang l i cho n n âm nh c c a Oklahoma s phát tri n ngày càng ph bi n c a n n sân kh u v i các lo i hình th c truy n th ng c a chèo và hài k ch. 9. Gi i thích: one of the + adj (so sánh nh t) + noun (s nhi u) D

B i vì nh ng vùng r ng l n c a khu r ng phía B c h

nên Canada là m t trong nh

dân s th p nh t trên th gi i.

10. Gi i thích: gi i t D s ng chuy

Thu t ng i th

i t quan h i ch

c ng.

182

n nh

i hóa h c mà các sinh v t

PH N 4

I CÂU

I. K T H P CÂU DÙNG M

QUAN H VÀ GI

QUAN H

i t quan h ch

who - thay th cho ch ng whom - thay th cho tân ng whose + N - thay th cho s h u cách Ex:

The girl who loves me is a teacher. The girl whom I love is a teacher. The girl whose sister loves me is a teacher. That is the girl whose sister I love. i t quan h ch v t: which - thay th cho c ch ng và tân ng whose/of which - thay th cho s h u cách

Ex:

The language which we are learning is the most popular in the world. (which là tân ng ) We are learning the language which is the most popular in the world. (which là ch ng ) The house whose roof of which was blown off by the hurricane is now in bad condition. That: Dùng cho c

i và v t, thay th cho c ch ng và tân ng .

ng h thay th cho c m danh t bao g m c

i và v t

Ex: He told me about the places and people that he had seen in London. Dùng v

Ex: She was the first that broke the silence. it b

nh:

Ex: He said anything that came into his head. Sau các t

thì ch

Ex: All that I can do for you is to leave you alone.

183

PH N 4

I CÂU

ng h c thay th cho s h u cách: it

i t quan h thì k

Ex: The man whom/that we are talking about is my teacher = The man about whom we are

2. CÁC LO I M 2.1.M

quan h gi i h n: im

c n thi t vì ti n ng

nh, không có nó câu s

Ex: The man who/that invented the steam engine was a Scottish scientist. 2.2.M

quan h không gi i h n: im

không c n thi t vì ti n ng

nh, không có nó câu v

Ex: James Watt, who invented the steam engine, was a Scottish scientist. Dùng m

quan h không gi i h

ng h p sau:

- Danh t riêng (Proper noun). - Tính t s h - Tính t ch

nh: this, that, these, those.

: -

quan h không gi i h n.

-M 2.3.M

quan h không gi i h

chính b ng các d u ph y.

n i ti p:

ng sau d u ph y, thay th cho c m

Ex: He always tells lie, which makes her sad. = That he always tells lies makes her sad. 2.4.Các c m t ch s

ng:

Ex: I tried on three pairs of shoes. None of the shoes fitted me.

Mary has three brothers. All of them are married.

3. TR NG T

QUAN H

184

PH N 4

3.1. Tr ng t ch

I CÂU

h n: where

Where = in/on/at + which: thay th cho danh t ch

Eg1: This is the house. We used to live in the house.

we used to live.

3.2. Tr ng t ch th i gian: when When = in/on/at + which: thay th cho danh t ch th i gian Eg1: He was born on September 5th. His father was away on that day. th

, the day when his father was away.

Eg2: The days on which/when I lived far from home were the saddest ones. 3.3. Tr ng t ch nguyên nhân: Why Why = for which: thay th cho danh t ch nguyên nhân (

)

Eg1: Please tell me the reason why you are so sad.

4. GI

QUAN H :

4.1. Dùng c m V-ing: cho các m

Ex: The man who is standing there is my brother.

The girl who bought this cat is beautiful. l.

i t quan h thay th cho tân ng , không gi b

i t quan h .

Ex: The man whom I am talking about is handsome.

185

quan h

c, ch có th

PH N 4

4.2. Dùng P : cho các m

I CÂU

Ex: I like books which were written by Nguyen Du.

4.3. Dùng c m to-inf: Dùng khi danh t

c có các ch

Ex: This is the only student who can do the problem.

ng t Ex: I have many homework that I must do.

Ex: There are six letters which have to be written today.

i t quan h có gi i t thì ph

ng cu i câu

Ex: We have a rack which we hang our coat on. => We have a rack to hang our coat on. N u ch ng 2 m

khác nhau thì thêm c

for sb

to inf

Ex: We have some picture books that children can read. to read. 4.4. Dùng c m danh t Dùng khi m

ng ch ng )

tính t có d ng:

Who/which + BE + Danh t /Tính t /C m danh t /C m tr ng t Ex: Football, which is a popular sport, is very good for health. ood for health. Do you like the book which in on the lable?

V N D NG 186

PH N 4

I CÂU

Ex1: The last person who leaves the room must turn off the lights. A. The last person to leave the room must turn off the lights. B. The last person to turn off the lights must leave the room. C. The last person to be left the room must turn off the lights. D. The last person leave the room must off the lights.

rút g n m

Gi i thích:

quan h khi danh t có ch a các t

i cu i cùng r i kh i phòng ph i t

i: i cu i cùng t C. Sai vì có tân ng

i r i kh i phòng.) ng t

ng.

D. Sai ng pháp. Ex2: A. The house whose wall is white is my uncle.

D. The house whose wall is white belongs to my uncle. . Gi i thích:

i t quan h

thay th cho tính t s h u : Whose+N ng màu tr ng là c a chú tôi.

D i:

ng màu tr ng là chú tôi.) ng màu tr ng là c a chú tôi.) C. Sai ng

i t quan h

cho danh t ch v

ho c tân ng .

Ex3: The last student who was interviewed was John. A. The last sudent to be interviewed was John. B. The last sudent to interview was John.

187

PH N 4

I CÂU

C. The last student was John to be interviewed. D. The last student interviewing was John.

Gi i thích: Dùng

rút g n m

B n h c sinh cu

quan h khi danh t có ch a các t

c ph ng v n là John.

i: B. Sai vì câu g c m

quan h là m

ng.

C, D Sai ng pháp.

Ex4: The student next to me kept chewing gum. That bothered me a lot. A. The student next to me kept chewing gum, which bothered me a lot. B. The student next to me kept chewing gum, that bothered me a lot. C. The student next to me kept chewing gum bothering me a lot. D. The student next to me kept chewing gum bothered me a lot.

Gi i thích: D

i t quan h

th cho c m

B n h c sinh ng i c nh tôi c nhai k

A. B n h c sinh ng i c nh tôi c nhai k

n tôi r t nhi u= u này làm phi n tôi r t nhi u.

i: i t quan h

ng sau d u ph y.

C, D Sai vì không ph i cái k o cao su làm phi không th rút g n m

c b n h c sinh nhai k

quan h b ng phân t .

Ex5: Mr.Smith is a professor. His car was stolen yesterday. A. Mr.smith, who is a professor, his car was stolen yesterday. B. Mr.smith, who his car was stolen yesterday, is a professor C. Mr.smith, whose car was stolen yesterday, is a professor. D. His car was stolen yesterday, he is aprofessor.

Ông Smith là m t giáo

a ông

188

m t ngày hôm qua. = C. ông Smith,

PH N 4

I CÂU

ib m i: A. Sai vì m t câu không th có hai ch ng i t quan h

ng r i thì không có ch ng

ng c nh nhau mà không có t n i.

D. Sai vì hai m

Ex6:

C. The girl just s

Gi i thích:

i t quan h

ng trong m D

thay th cho danh t ch

quan h . Cô gái ch nói xin chào. Cô y là ch giá c

i mà ch nói xin

chào là ch gái c a Tom. i: rút g n m

C. Sai vì không th D. Sai vì m

cb quan h

quan h khi danh t có ch a các t

i t quan h n

ng vai trò ch ng trong m

nh ch dùng khi danh t

quan h .

nh.

Ex7:

C. The bus for t

Gi i thích:

i t quan h

trong m

h . D

n mu

n mu n.

189

quan

PH N 4

I CÂU

án còn l i: A. Sai vì thi u gi i t

ng t

i t quan h

danh t ch v ng sau gi i t .

Ex8: This house was built years ago. It is still in very good shape. A. This house, which built years ago, is still in very good shape. B. This house, which was built years ago, is still in very good shape. C. This house, building years ago, is still in very good shape. D. This house whichs was built years ago is still in very good shape.

Gi i thích:

i t quan h

nh nên dùng m

cho danh t ch v qua h

nh. c xây nhi

D này, cá

t danh t

c xây nhi

c. Nó v n trông r

c, v n trông r

p. = B. Ngôi nhà

i: A. Sai vì thi

ng t

C. Sai vì m m

c PII

quan h

câu g c là m

rút g n

quan h . m t danh t

nh nên dùng m

quan h

nh.

Ex9: The people watched the game. None of them will ever forget it. A. None of the people that watched the game will ever forget it. B. The people watched the game none of whom will ever forget it. C. Nobody that watched the game will not ever forget it. D. Both A and C are correct.

Gi i thích: D

i t quan h

thay th cho danh t ch

i ho c ch v t.

u. Không ai trong s h s quên nó. = A. Không ai

trong s nh

u s quên nó. i: ng sau danh t mà nó b nh r

190

PH N 4

I CÂU

Ex10: Quang is very good ad drawing. His father is a famous painter. A. Quang whose father is a famous painter is very good at drawing. B. Quang, whose father is a famous painter is very good at drawing. C. Quang, whose father is a famous painter, is very good at drawing. father, who is a famous painter, is very good at drawing.

Quang v tranh r t gi i. B c a c u y là m t h

D b là h

i ti

i có

i ti ng, v r t gi i. i: riêng nên ph i dùng m

B. Sai vì thi u d u ph y sau m c

II. LIÊN T

nh.

quan h . i là m t h

VÀ TR NG T

quan h

i ti ng, v r t gi i.)

LIÊN K T

LIÊN T

Liên t là t

n i hai ph n, hai m

trong câu l i v i nhau.

Ex: This shop opens at 6 a.m and (it) closes at 7 p.m. 2. Phân lo i liên t :

Liên t k t h p Liên t

Liên t Liên t ph thu c

2.1. Liên t k t h p Dùng lo i liên t

n i các t ho c c m t / nhóm t cùng m t lo i, ho c nh ng m

ngang hàng nhau (tính t v i tính t , danh t v i danh t Liên t k t h p g m:

Liên t but = yet

Ví d - He is intelligent but very lazy.

191

PH N 4

I CÂU

- She says she does not love me, yet I still love her and

She is a good and loyal wife.

We have to work hard, or we will fail the exam.

nor

That is not what I meant to say, nor should you interpret my statement as an admission of guilt.

for

He will surely succeed, for he works hard.

I want to work as an interpreter in the future, so I am studying Russian at university.

2.2. Liên t Liên t

Ví d - She is both beautiful and intelligent. - Both my brother and my friend like English. - He did the exercise not only quickly but also correctly. - I like playing not only tennis but also football. - Either she or he is wrong. - I have either houses or cars. - He drinks neither wine or beer. - Neither I nor he likes watching movies. - I wonder whether he loves me or not.

2.3 Liên t ph thu c Lo i li n t ph thu c n i k t các nhóm t , c m t ho c m ph v i m

có ch

chính trong câu.

Liên t

Ví d

192

- m nh

PH N 4

After the train left, we went home.

After sau khi Before

c khi

As soon as

ngay khi

As = when

I CÂU

I tried to finish my homework before my father came home. Write to me as soon as you can. When/As you finish Berlin, send me a postcard.

khi

to pursue his dream.

Since t khi As = since = because about it.

b i vì Until

n khi ile you eat.

While trong khi Whereas = while c) Although/ though/even though

Although it was after midnight, we did not feel tired.

m c dù

Even if k c khi

Even if you are confident, never ever underestimate your opponets.

If/unless

Her baby cannot fall asleep unless she stays in the room.

n u/n u

không As long as

mi n là

In case phòng khi

I will lend you my car as long as you promise to drive carefully. In case it rains, please take an umbrella when you go out

So that/in order that

TR NG T

LIÊN K T

Tr ng t liên k t là nh ng tr ng t

n i v i nh

193

ng, nh ng m

trong m t

PH N 4

I CÂU

a, thêm n a a

a in a

T n thêm thông tin

eside = next to = close to = by: bên c nh Ex: I really want to go to the party. Besides, it is close to/beside my house. t qu là t qu là T n i ch nguyên nhân,

t qu là

k t qu

T n i ch s

cl p

/yet: y th mà t khác u không thì c ra T n

c t là 194

PH N 4

I CÂU t

nh n m nh c s là tc

, finally: Cu i cùng

T n k t lu n

t lu n l i thì

k t lu n i V N D NG

Ex1: Barry continued to smoke even though we had advised him to quit. A. Barry took our advice so he stopped smoking. B. If we had advised Barry, he would have quit smoking. C. Barry did not quit smoking because of our advice. D. Despite being told not to smoke, Barry continued to do.

Barry v n ti p t c hút thu c m c dù

y t b . = D. M c dù

c b o b hút thu c, Barry v n ti p t c hút. i: i khuyên c B. N

b hút thu hút thu c r

C. Barry không t b vi c hút thu c vì l i khuyên c Ex2: She locked the door so as not to be disturbed.

B. She locked the door to be not disturbed. C. She locked the door for her not to be disturbed. D. She locked the door so that not to be disturbed.

Cô y khóa c

không b làm phi n.

i: sai ng pháp.

195

PH N 4

I CÂU

Ex3: Tam is not good at English and neither am I. A. Neither Tam nor I am good at English. B. Either Tam or I am good at English.

Tâm không gi i Ti

u không gi i

Ti ng Anh. i: không h B. Ho c Tâm ho c tôi gi i Ti C. Tôi không gi i Ti D. Tâm không gi i Ti Ex4: Although his legs were broken, he managed to get out of the car before it exploded. A. Despite his legs to be broken, he managed to get out of the car before it exploded. B. Despite his broken legs, he was able to get out of the car before exploding. C. Despite his legs were broken, he managed to get out of the car before it exploded. D. Despite his broken legs, he was able to get out of the car before exploded.

M c dù chân anh y b gãy, anh y v n thoát ra kh i chi

c khi

nó phát n . i: A,C sai vì có c u trúc: Although + clause = Despite/In spite of + N/V-ing: M c dù B. Sai vì hai m nên ta không th dùng phân t

ng rút g n câu.

Ex5: As soon as I receive my result, I will phone you. A. I will ring you the moment I receive my result. B. Sooner or later after I receive my result, I will give you a ring. C. After receiving my result, I will call you. D. I will not make a phone call to you when I get my result. .

196

PH N 4

BI Ngày khi tôi nh

ngay khi tôi nh

I CÂU

c k t qu c a mình, tôi s g i cho b n = Tôi s g i cho b n

c k t qu c a mình. i: không h

B. S m hay mu n sau khi tôi nh

c k t qu c a mình thì tôi s g i cho b n. (sai

c k t qu c a mình, tôi s g i cho b

C. Sau khi nh D. Tôi s không g

n cho b n khi tôi nh

c k t qu c

Ex6: In spite of all our efforts, we failed in the final match. A. Although we tried very hard, we failed in the final match. B. We made all our efforts so that we could gain success in the final match.

D. We failed in the final match as a result of all our great efforts. án A. B t ch p nh ng n l c c a t t c chúng tôi, chúng tôi v n thua trong tr n chung k t

D = A. M

g ng r t nhi u, chúng tôi v n thua trong tr n chung k t. i: không h

B. Chúng tôi n l c h

có th giành chi n th ng

tr n chung k

C. B t k n l c nào chúng tôi làm, chúng tôi không th th ng trong tr n chung k D. Vi

n chung k t là k t qu c a nh ng n l c c a chúng tôi ( không )

Ex7: Nam has studied English only for several months. He can make himself understood. A. Nam understands English well after he has learned it for only several months. B. Nam can make himself understood as he has learned English for only several months. C. Although Nam has learned English for only several months, he can make himself understood. D. As Nam has learned English for only several months, he understands himself.

Nam m i ch h c Ti ng Anh trong kho ng m y tháng. Anh ta có th khi

khác hi th khi

c dù Nam m i ch h c Ti ng Anh có vài tháng, anh y có i khác hi i: không h

A. Nam hi u Ti ng Anh r t t t sau khi anh y ch h c có vài tháng. (sai n

197

PH N 4

B. Nam có th khi

I CÂU

i khác hi u mình nói gì b i vì anh y ch h có vài tháng. ( không có

D. B i vì Nam h c Ti ng Anh có vài tháng, anh y có th hi

c chính mình. (không có

Ex8: Tuition fees were increased. There were many objections from students to parents. A. There were many objections from students to parents, so tuition fees were increased. B. Tuition fees were increased because there were many objections from students to parents. C. Tuition fees were increased despite the fact that there were many objections from students to parents. D. There were many objections from students to parents while tuition fees were increased.

t nhi u s ph u s ph

it h

n ph huynh. = C. H c phí v n

n ph huynh.

i: không h A. Có r t nhi u s ph

it h

B. H

u s ph

D. Có r t nhi u s ph

it h

n ph huynh nên h it h

n ph

)

n ph huynh trong khi h

Ex9: did not want them to leave.

leave. D. The company director decided

D vi

c công ty quy

nh b

c công ty quy

i vì anh ta không mu n h

b vi c. i: không h c công ty quy

không mu n h b vi c.

c công ty quy

mà anh ta không mu n h b vi c.

198

PH N 4

BI c công ty quy

I CÂU

cho công nhân m c dù anh ta mu n h b vi c.

Ex10: In spite of heavy rain, my brother went to work. A. In spite it rained heavily, my brother went to work. B. Although it rained heavily, my brother went to work. C. Despite it rained heavily, my brother went to work. D. Although of heavy rain, my brother went to work.

M c dù tr

i: A, C, D sai c u trúc:

-ing = Although + S +

c dù.

III. M T S

NG S

D NG TRONG VI T L I CÂU

C U TRÚC S + BE + ADJ + TO + V- INF

VÍ D I am happy to see you here.

S + BE + ADJ + (THAT) + CLAUSE S + BE/V + TOO + ADJ/ADV + (FOR + The water is too hot for me to drink O) + TO + V-INF

S + BE/V + ADJ/ADV + ENOUGH + Tom is old enough to go to school (FOR + O) + TO + V-INF

TO-INF + BE + ADJ

To sit here with you is so nice.

= IT + BE + ADJ + (FOR + O) + TO + V-INF = IT + BE + ADJ + V-ING

= How nice (it is) to sit here with you.

= HOW + ADJ + (IT + BE) + TO-INF

= That I am sitting here with you is so nice.

= THAT CLAUSE + BE + ADJ

= I think it nice that I am sitting here with you

= S + V + IT + ADJ + THAT CLAUSE 199

PH N 4

I CÂU

TO-

- To be there on time is important.

= S + V + IT + ADJ/N + TO-INF

= I find it important to be there on time. - Living on my salary must be hard. = I find it hard to live on my salary.

IT + BE + ADJ + THAT + CLAUSE

It is splendid that you passed the exam.

IT + BE + ADJ + OF + O + TO + V-INF IT + BE + ADJ + THAT + S + (SHOULD) + BARE-INF

regularly. It was not until midnight that the noise next door stopped.

S + BE/GET + USED TO + N/V-ING

- I am used to staying up late.

(Quen v i cái gì/làm gì)

- I am used to the heat because I have been living here for a long time.

S + USED TO + BARE-INF

He used to have long hair.

IT + TAKES/TOOK/WILL TAKE/HAS - it took me two hours to repair the computer TAKEN + (O) + TIME + TO-INF

last night.

= S + SPEND TIME + TO-INF/V-ING

= I spent 2 hours repairing the computer last night.

- S + HAVE/GET + STH + PP

- We are going to have/get our car repaired

- S + HAVE + SBD + BARE-

next week.

GET + SBD +TO-INF

- I have my brother repair my bike/I get my

(Nh

brother to repair my bike.

c gì

- The film was so good that I saw it three = S + V + SUCH + (A/AN) + ADJ + N + times. = It was such a good film that I saw it three nn

times.

AFTER + S1 + PAST PERFECT + S2 + After I had entered the house, it began to rain. SIMPLE PAST S1 + V + THAT + S2 + (SHOULD) + We insist that a meeting (should) be held as

200

PH N 4

I CÃ&#x201A;U

BARE-INF

soon as possible.

S1 + WISH + (THAT) + S2 + PAST/PAST - I wish I knew English well. PERFECT/WOULD + V-INF

- I wish that I had gone to the party last Sunday. - I wish I could go to England someday.

S1 + PRESENT PERFECT + SINCE + S2 He has worked as a pilot since he left university.

+ SIMPLE PAST

IT IS + TIME + SINCE + S + SIMPLE It is over six months since John last had his PAST

hair cut.

= S + HAVE/HAS + PII + FOR (TIME)

= John has had his hair cut for over 6 months.

t IT + BE + PHRASE + THAT CLAUSE

It is the manager, not his assistant, that I want to see.

My brother is not good at French, I am not good at French (either).

(either) 1+

NOR + S2 + V

= Neither my brother nor I am good at French./

ng t chia theo ch ng 1+

HAD + NO SOONER + PII + THAN - I had no sooner opened the door than he

+ S2 + SIMPLE PAST 1

Neither I nor my brother is good at French.

telephone rang.

+ HAD + HARDLY/SCARELY + PII - I had scarely closed the door when

+ WHEN + S2 + SIMPLE PAST

somebody started to knock.

am No matter how intelligent you may be, you Clause

should be careful about this.

PREFER + V-ING/N + TO + V-ING/N

- Tom prefers reading to talking.

= PREFER + TO-INF + RATHER THAN = Tom prefers to read rather than talk. + BARE INF

= Tom would rather read than talk.

= WOULD RATHER + BARE-INF

= Tom likes reading better than talking.

201

PH N 4

I CÃ&#x201A;U

= LIKE + V-ING/N + BETTER THAN + V-ING/N (c 5 m

IT IS TIME FOR SBD TO DO STH s very high time that you went now. V(ED) Althought his leg was broken, he managed to = DESPITE/IN SPITE OF + N/V- get out of his car. ING/THE FACT THAT + CLAUSE

= In spite of/Despite his broken leg/his leg

being broken, he managed to get out of his car. = In spite of/Despite the fact that his leg was broken, he managed to get out of his car.

BECAUSE/AS + CLAUSE

Because/As she behaves well, everybody

-= BECAUSE OF + (ADJ) + N (B

loves her. = Because of her good behavior, everybody loves her.

= Unless somebody brings him to hospital,

= UNLESS (N

hat man here before.

(BEFORE) = IT IS THE FIRST TIME + S + HAVE +P

I started working for the company a year ago. = S + HAVE BEEN + V-ING + SINCE/ year. ce last year.

202

PH N 4

I CÂU

left for Japan. = Laurence last saw her sister when she left for Japan.

second year. = It was not until the second year that he could speak French well. SOMEONE/PEOPLE/THEY + SAY/

* They say that he speaks English well.

KNOW/THINK/FIND/RUMOR/

= It is said that he speaks English well. = He is said to speak English well.

= IT + BE + PP = S2 + BE + PP1 + TO-INF/TO HAVE +

* People rumoured that he (had) died in the

PP2

battle.

Chú ý:

= It was rumoured that he (had) died in battle.

ng t

= He was rumoured to have died in battle.

gi i thi - PP1: là hình th c quá kh phân t c a ng t gi i thi u - PP2: là hình th c quá kh phân t c a ng t n m trong m

= My mother cooks better than I do.

= Jane suggested that John (should) put a

Chú ý: - Clause 1 clause 2 - Clause 1 clause 2

thì quá kh nt t

d ng

better lock on the door.

thì quá kh hoàn thành ng t

d ng 203

PH N 4

I CÂU

Having + PII

CÂU TR C TI P GIÁN TI P: - Câu tr c ti p là câu nói c

c trích d n l

trong d u

ngo Ex: Mary said:

- Câu gián ti

ng thu t l i l i nói c

ngh

i khác theo ý c

ng thu t và ý

Ex: Mary said that

-cream.

ng thu t câu tr c ti p sang gián ti p. -

i thì c a câu Câu tr c ti p Hi n t Hi n t i ti p di n Hi n t i hoàn thành Quá kh Quá kh ti p di n

Câu gián ti p Quá kh Quá kh ti p di n Quá kh hoàn thành Quá kh hoàn thành Quá kh hoàn thành ti p di n would/should Was/were going to

n: be going to -

im ts

ng t khuy t thi u Câu tr c ti p Can Will Shall Must May

Câu gián ti p Could Would Should Had to Might

it it

Câu tr c ti p I We You Me Us You

204

Câu gián ti p He/she They They/I/he/her Him/her Them Them/me/him/her

PH N 4

BI it

Câu tr c ti p My Our Your Mine Ours Yours This These

it s h u

i t ch -

i các tr ng t ch

I CÂU Câu gián ti p Her/his Their Them/my/his/her His/hers Theirs Theirs/mine/his/hers That Those

n, th i gian

Câu tr c ti p Here Now Today Ago Tomorrow The day after tomorrow Yesterday The day before yesterday Next week Last week Last year

Câu gián ti p There Then That day Before The next day/the following day The day before/the previous day Two day before The following week The previous week/the week before The previous year/the year before

- Ngoài ra còn 1 s nguyên t c khác: + V i câu tr c ti p là câu h i có t h i, thì câu gián ti p thêm theo sau bi

i v d ng kh

+ V i câu tr c ti p là câu h i có t bi

i m

ng s d ng v i

ho c

và m

ng t

h i

)

: thì câu gián ti p

sau t h i v d ng kh

+ V i câu tr c ti p là m nh l nh th c, thì câu gián ti p s

ng s d ng v

ng t

c chuy

i d a trên các c u trúc

phù h p v i câu tr c ti p. Khi câu m nh l nh th

ngh

Ex: Mary said to Tom:

205

d ng c u trúc:

PH N 4

Khi câu m nh l nh th

+ V i câu tr c ti

I CÂU

nh, s d ng c u trúc:

ngh làm gì cho ai, thì câu gián ti p s d ng c u trúc:

ke me a cup of coffee. + V i câu tr c ti

+ V i câu tr c ti

o, thì câu gián ti p s d ng c u trúc:

i, thì câu gián ti p s d ng c u trúc:

. + V i câu tr c ti

m thán, thì câu gián ti p s d ng c u trúc:

+ V i câu tr c ti

i, thì câu gián ti p s d ng c u trúc:

for N/V-

+ V i câu tr c ti p

+ V i câu tr c ti p m N/V-

c nh , thì câu gián ti p s d ng c u trúc:

p s d ng c u trúc:

stealing her wallet.

206

PH N 4

I CÂU

O NG

No + N + Auxiliary + S + V-inf = Not any + N + Auxiliary + S + V-inf Ex: No money shall I lend you from now on. = Not any money shall I lend you from now on. O NG

V I CÁC TR NG T

NH: NEVER, RARELY, SELDOM,

Never/Rarely/Seldom/Little/Hardly ever + Auxiliary + S + V Ex: Never in Mid-summer does it snow. Hardly ever does he speak in the public. O NG

V I ONLY

Only once/Only later/Only in this way/Only in that way/Only then + Auxiliary + S + V/ Only after + N/ Only by V-ing/ N/ Only when + clause/ Only with + N/Only if + clause/Only in adverb of time/place Ex: Only once did I meet her. Only after all guests had gone home could we relax. Only by practising English every day can you speak it fluently. O NG

V I CÁC C M T

At no time/On no condition/On no account + Auxiliary + S + N/Under/in no circumstances/For no reason/ In no way/No longer Ex: For no reason shall you play truant. The money is not to be paid under any circumstances. = Under no circumstances is the money to be paid. On no condition shall we accept their proposal.

No sooner + had + S + PII + than + S +V(ed) Hardly/scarely + had + S + PII + when/before + S + V(ed) Ex: No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang. 207

PH N 4

I CĂ&#x201A;U

Hardly had she put up her umbrella before the rain became down in torrents. O NG

Not only + Auxiliary + S1 + V but + S2 +

Ex: Not only is he good at English but he also draws very well. Not only does he sing well but he also plays musical instruments perfectly. O NG

So + Adj/Adv + Auxiliary + S + V +that +clause

So difficult was the exam that few student passed it. O NG

V I UNTIL/TILL

Until/till + clause/adverb of time + Auxiliary + S + V

= Not until/till I got home did I know that I had lost my key. O NG

No where + Auxiliary + S + V Ex: No where in Vietnam is the scenery as beautiful as that in my country. No where can you buy these goods. O NG

U KI N

u ki n lo i 1: Should + S + VEx: Should she come late, she will miss the train. (If she comes lates, she will miss the train.) u ki n lo i 2: Were S + toEx: If I were you, I would work harder = Were I you, I would work harder. If I knew her, I would invite her to the party 208

PH N 4

I CÂU

= Were I to know her, I would invite her to the party.

u ki n lo i 3: Had + S + V, clause Ex: If my parents had encouraged me, I would have passed the exam. = Had my parents encouraged me, I would have passed the exam.

V N D NG

Ex1: A. He asked me would like something to drink. B. He wanted to invite me for something to drink. C. He asked me if I wanted something to drink. D. He offered me something to drink.

n có mu n u ng th

y h i.= C. Anh y h i li u tôi có mu n

u ng gì không. i: A. Sai ng pháp. B. Sai c u trúc: invite sbd sth (m D. Không h

i m t th

u ng.

Ex2: Is anyone checking your essay about the environmental pollution? A. Are you having your essay about the environmental pollution checked? B. Are you checking your essay about the environmental pollution? C. Are you going to check your essay about the environmental pollution? D. Are you having someone to check your essay about the environmental pollution?

m tra bài ti u lu n c a b n v ô nhi

nh ai ki m tra bài ti u lu n c a mình v ô nhi i: Không h B. B

pháp.

m tra bài ti u lu n c a mình v ô nhi

209

PH N 4

I CÂU

C. B n s ki m tra bài ti u lu n c a mình v ô nhi

ng ch ? (s

D. Sai ng pháp. Ex3: A new book is twice as expensive as an old one. A. An old book is as twice as the price of the new one. B. An old book is more cheaper than a new one. C. A new book is so far more expensive than an old one. D. A new book is twice the price of an old one.

M t quy n sách m

t hai l n quy

i: A. Sai ng pháp vì trong c u trúc so sánh, hai ch t so sánh c n cùng d ng v i nhau. B. Sai vì th nh n m nh s so sánh. Ex4: He last had his eyes tested ten months ago. A. He had tested his eyes ten months before.

C. He had not tested his eyes for ten moths then. for ten months.

L n cu i cùng anh y ki m tra m

c = D. Anh

m tra m t

trong 10 tháng r i. i:

u sai ng pháp.

Ex5: No one has told me about the change of plan. A. I have not been told about the change of plan. B. I have not told about the change of plan. C. The change of plan has been told about. D. I have been told about the change of plan.

Không ai nói v i tôi v s

i k ho ch c

i k ho ch. i: Không h

210

c thông báo s

PH N 4

BI s

C. S

I CÂU

i k ho ch.

i k ho

c thông báo.

c thông báo v s

i k ho ch.

Ex6: We last went to cinema two months ago. A. We have been to the cinema for two months.

L n cu

c = B. Chúng t

phim hai tháng r i. i: không h

C. Chúng tôi không mu

Ex7: I would rather you wore something more formal to work.

d prefer you wear something more formal to work.

Tôi mu n b n m i:

u sai c

Ex8: It is not until the Sun is shining brightly that the little girl woke up. A. No sooner is the Sun shining brigthtly than the little girl woke up. B. Not until the little girl woke up is the Sun shining brightly. C. Not until the Sun is shining brightly did the little girl wake up. shone brightly yet.

n khi m t tr i n ng chói chang, cô bé m i th c d y. i:

211

PH N 4

I CÂU

A. Sai ng pháp c a c B. Sai ng pháp c a c D. Sai v s hòa h p gi a các thì. Ex9: A. Nhung asked Ha what language Ha found the most difficult to learn of all. B. Nhung wanted to know what language they founded the most difficult to learn of all. C. Nhung asked Ha what language did you find the most difficult to learn of all. D. Nhung asked Ha what language you found the most difficult to learn of all.

nào b n th y khó h c nh

i Hà = A. Nhung h i Hà ngôn

ng nào Hà th y khó h c nh t. i: B. Sai vì t

câu tr c ti p khi lùi thì

c at

câu gián ti

p).

C. Sai vì khi chuy n t câu tr c ti p sang câu gián ti p thì v ch ng

o tr

ng t lên tr

D. Sai vì khi chuy n t câu tr c ti p sang câu gián ti p ph

it .

Ex10: They reported that the teachers expected more. A. The teachers were reported to have been expected of more. B. The teachers were expected more. C. The teachers were reported to have expected more. D. The teachers were reported to expect more.

H báo cáo r

i nhi

i: i nhi u sai cách chia t trong câu gián ti p ph i chia

thì quá kh thì quá kh hoàn thành.

Ex11:

212

PH N 4

Anh ta không h

D c

, anh ta s

I CÂU

c kì thi = A. N u anh ta h c t p

c kì thi. i: S d

câu g

u ki n lo i 2 và 3. Ph

u ki n lo i 1 vì

n t i.

Ex12: The situation was so embarrassing that she did not know what to do. A. So embarrassing was the situation that she did not know what to do. B. It was such an embarrassing situation; however, she did not know what to do. C. So embarrassing the situation was that she did not know what to do. D. She did not know what to do, through it was not an embarrassing situation.

Tình hu ng quá b i r

n n i mà cô y không bi t ph i làm gì.

i: B. Không h

t tình hu ng th t b i r i, tuy nhiên, cô y không bi t ph i làm gì.

C. Sai c

o ng .

D. Không h

y không bi t ph i làm gì, m c dù nó không ph i m t tình hu ng b i

r i. Ex13: tatement.

D ch

c cho là s

c thông báo trong báo cáo ngân sách ngày mai.

i: B. Sai ng pháp vì tân ng

ng t

C. Sai ng pháp. Ph i s d ng d ng b D. Không h p

ng c

ng r ng h s công b v vi

ngày mai.

213

trong báo cáo ngân sách

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I CÂU

Ex14: Fiona has been typing the report for an hour. A. It took Fiona an hour to type the report. B. It is an hour since Fiona started typing the report. C. Fiona finished the report an hour ago. D. Fiona will finish typing the report in an hour.

ng m t gi

D gi

ng h k t khi Fiona b

ng h

c kho ng m t

u gõ báo cáo.

i: A,C sai thì (chia

quá kh t c là công vi hoàn thành vi c gõ báo cáo trong m t gi n a.

D Không h Ex15:

cult, I could do it.

Tôi không th

c bài ki m tra vì nó quá khó = B. N u bài ki

làm nó. i: Câu g lo i 2. A, C, D s d

IV. BI

t th c t

hi n t i nên ta s d

u ki n

u ki n.

I CÂU D ng, ngoài vi c xem ng pháp c a câu, chúng ta c

nhi u câu tuy ng pháp không sai nh t s ví d v vi c bi

a câu. Có r t

i hoàn toàn khác bi t so v i câu góc. i câu d

V N D NG EX1. He talked about nothing except the weather. A. He talked about everything including weather. B. His sole topic of conversation was the weather. C. He had nothing to say about the weather. 214

a câu g c.

PH N 4

I CÂU

D. He said he had no interest in the weather.

Anh ta không nói v cái gì khác ngoài th i ti t. = Ch

duy nh

i tho i c a anh

ta là th i ti t. i: A. Anh ta nói v m i th bao g m c th i ti nói v thwoif ti D. Anh ta nói anh ta không quan tâm v th i ti tand his foolishly when everybody talks about something in a serious way.

B. I hate him talking foolishly when people talk seriously C. Everybody talks seriously when he talks foolishly

Tôi không th ch u n i anh ta nói chuy n ngu ng c khi t t c m

i nói v m t cái

t cách nghiêm túc. = B. Tôi ghét anh ta nói chuy n m t cách ngu ng c khi m

i nói

chuy n nghiêm túc. i: A.Tôi không ng i v vi c nói chuy n ngu ng c c a anh ta khi m

C.M

i nói chuy n nghiêm túc

i nói chuy n nghiêm túc khi anh ta nói chuy n ngu ng

D.Tôi không th hi

c nh ng gì anh ta nói khi m

i nói chuy n ngu ng

EX3. Their chances of success are small.

B. They will definitely be successful

i thành công c a h r t nh . = C. Không có m y kh i:

A.Có kh

ng h s

215

ng h s thành công.

PH N 4

I CÂU

B.H ch c ch n s thành công. D. H s EX4. Public education is so good in European countries that there is almost no demand for private schools. A. Even the excellence of public education in European does not stop people from sending their children to private schools. B. Hardly does anyone send their children to private schools in European because state schools are excellent. C. People still send their children to private schools in European although the public education system is excellent. D. In European, there is not reason for parents to send their children to private schools because state schools are so good.

ng công

c Châu Âu t

nm ch

m ai g

c Châu Âu b

ng c

ng ng công)

r t t t. i: A.S tuy t v i c

C. M

ng công

i v n g i con c a h

Châu Âu m c dù h th

i g i con c a h

i g i con c a h vào

ng công r t tuy t

ng công

r tt EX5. She raised her hand high so that she could attr A. Because her teacher attracted her, she raised her hand again.

D. She had

Cô

cô y có th thu hút s chú ý c

chú ý c a giáo viên, cô

216

thu hút s

PH N 4

I CÂU

i: A. B

y, cô

B. M c dù cô

y không th thu hút s chú ý c

D. Cô

n m c mà cô y th t b i trong vi c thu hút s chú ý c a giáo viên.(sai n

EX6. Anyone who misses more than fifty of percent of the classes deserves to fail A. Those who are absent more than half the time should fail B. Fifty percent of classes have failed the exams C. More than fifty percent is too much for one class D. People who fail must make up fifty percent of the classwork

B t c ai ngh

D th i gian s

bu i h c s b

t =A. Nh

i ngh h

B. 50% l p h u cho m t l p h D. Nh

t ph i làm 50% công vi c trong l

EX7. Only Mary scored high enough to pass this test.

B. Mary was the only person to pass this test C. Mary only passed this test because she scored higher than the others.

i duy nh

bài thi. i: A. Ch tro

m c a Mary m t qua bài thi ch vì cô

m c a Mary v EX8. Lucy always reminds me of my youngest sister. A. My younge B. I always think of Lucy, my youngest sister C. Whenever I see Lucy, I think of my youngest sister

217

t qua

PH N 4

I CÂU

D. It is Lucy who is my youngest sister

Lucy luôn g i cho tôi nh v cô em gái nh nh t c a mình.=C. B t c lúc nào nhìn th y

n cô em gái nh nh t c a mình. i: A. Cô em gái nh nh t c n Lucy, cô em gái nh nh t c C. Lucy là cô em gái nh nh t c a tôi. EX9. A. You should read that book B. That book has not been used C. That book is not worth reading D. I have used the book for a long time

c cu n sách này không h u ích gì c .=C. Cu n s

i: A.B

c cu

B.Cu

cs d n sách này m t th i gian dài r

EX10. The challenges facing the new committee leader are numerous A. To succeed, the new committee leader had to face numerous challenges B. The new committee leader was ready to take numerous challenges C. There are numerous challenges facing the new committee leader. D. Numerous challenges are going to face with the new committee leader.

Nh ng thách th

nh ng thách th

im tv

o m i c a y ban là r t nhi u.=C. Có r t nhi u o m i c a y ban.

i: o m i c a y ban ph om ic a D.Nhi u thách th c s ph

i m t v i r t nhi u thách th

có nhi u thách th im tv

om ic a

218

PH N 4

I CÂU

V. BÀI T P BÀI T

THI THPT QU C GIA 2017

1. A. I often met my grandparents five years ago. B. I last met my grandparents five years ago C. I have met my granparents for five years

2. We survived that accident because we were wearing our seat belts A. But for our seat belts, we should have survived that accident

C. Without our seat belts, we could have survived that accident.

3 No, I won A. Sally refused to go to work at the weekend B. Sally promised to go to work at the weekend C. Sally regretted not going to work at the weekend D. Sally regretted not going to work at the weekend 4. Some kinds of fish live in fresh water. Others live in sea water. A. Some kinds of fish live in fresh water, for others live in sea water B. Some kinds of fish live in fresh water, and others live in sea water C. Some kinds of fish live in fresh water, or others live in sea water D. Some kinds of fish live in fresh water, so others live in sea water. 5. My mother is very busy with her work at the office. She still takes good care of us. A. In spite of being very busy with her work at the office, my mother takes good care of us B. Because my mother is very busy with her work at the office, she takes good care of us C. My mother is so busy with her work at the office that she cannot take good care of us D. My mother is too busy with her work at the office to take good care of us 6. They were late for the meeting because of the heavy snow. A. If it snowed heavily, they would be late for the meeting B. Had it not snowed heavily, they would have been late for the meeting

219

PH N 4

I CĂ&#x201A;U

omers.

A. The customers promised to leave before they saw the manager B. The customers refused to leave until they saw manager C. The customers agreed to leave before they saw the manager D. The customers decided to leave because they did not see the manager 8. The government have established some wildlife reserves. They want to protect endangered species. A. Whether the government have established some wildlife reserves or not, endangered species are still protected. d although the government have established some wildlife reserves. C. The government have established some wildlife reserves so that endangered species can be protected. D. If the government established some wildlife reserves, they would be able to protect endangered species. 9. My sister is good at cooking. My brother is bad at it. A. My sister is good at cooking, or my brother is at it. B. My sister is goot at cooking, for my brother is bad at it. C. My sister is good at cooking, but my brother is bad at it. D. My sister is good at cooking, so my brother is bad at it. 10. A. He dinied going camping at the weekend. B. He suggested going camping at the weekend. C. He objected to going camping at the weekend. D. He apologied for going camping at the weekend. 11.

have been successful in his career.

220

PH N 4

I CÂU

12. Mai usually helps her classmates with their studies. Her classmates appreciate her. A. Mai usually helps her classmates with their studies, but they appreciate her. B. Mai usually helps her classmates with their studies, for they appreciate her. C. Mai usually helps her classmates with their studies, so they appreciate her. D. Mai usually helps her classmates with their studies, or they appreciate her. 13. We cannot completely avoid stress in our lives. We need to find ways to cope with it. A. As long as we can completely avoid stress in our lives, we need to find ways to cope with it. B. After we can completely avoid stress in our lives, we need to find ways to cope with it. C. Since we cannot completely avoid stress in our lives, we need to find ways to cope with it. D. Because stress can completely be avoided in our lives, we need to find ways to cope with it. 14. A. Mary denied giving John the money. B. Mary admitted giving John the money. C. Mary suggested giving John the money. D. Mary remembered giving John the money. 15. A. Despite having all the necessary qualifications, Nam was not offered the job.

C. Nam had all the necess D. If Nam had had all the necessary qualifications, he would have been offered the job.

1. Gi i thích:

c th i gian

n cu i tôi g p ông bà vào 5

D ch ngh a: c. i: ng g

2. 221

PH N 4 Gi i thích:

BI o ng

I CÂU

u ki n 3: Had it not been for + N/Phrase, S + would/could + have

+ PII (N u không nh ng sót qua tai n

u chúng ng sót sau tai n

i: A. Không nh có dây an toàn, chúng tôi s s ng sót sau tai n C. N

s ng sot sau tai n

D. N

s ng sót sau tai n

v câu th 1) 3. Gi i thích: refuse to do sth: t ch i làm vi c gì i tu

àm vào

cu i tu n. i: B. Sally h a s

i tu i tu

C. Sally xin l D. Sally h i ti c vì s

i tu

4. i ti p hai m

Gi i thích: D

m t s loài cá s

M t s loài cá s

song song, ngang b ng. c ng t. Nh ng loài khác s

c ng t, và m t s loài cá khác s

c bi n.=B. c bi n.

i: A. M t s loài cá s ng trong

c ng t, vì nh ng loài khác s

c bi n. (không có

C. M t s loài cá s

c ng t, ho c nh ng loài khác s

c bi n. (không có

D. M t s loài cá s

c ng t, vì v y nh ng loài khác s

c bi n.(không có

5. Gi i thích: In spite of + N/phrase: m c dù

222

PH N 4

I CÂU

M tôi r t b n r n v i công vi c c a mình t

t cho

chúng tôi.=A. M c dù r t b n r n v i công vi c c a mình t t t cho chúng tôi. i: B. B i vì m tôi r t b n r n v i công vi c c a mình t

C. M tôi quá b n r n v i công vi c c a mình t

t cho chúng

n n i m không th

cho chún D. M tôi quá b n r n v i công vi c c a mình t

t cho chúng tôi. (

6. Gi i thích: c

u ki n 3:

Had it not been for + N/phrase, S+ would/could + have + PII = but for + N/phrase, S + would/could + have + PII (n u không nh H

n cu c h p tr vì tuy

u không vì tuy

c, h s

n tr cu c h p. i: A.N u tuy

u, h s

B. N u không vì tuy

n cu c h p tr u, h s

D. N u tuy

n cu c h p tr

u, h s không tr cu c h p.(s d

u ki n lo i 2 là sai

so v i câu g c) 7. Gi i thích: refuse to do sth: t ch i làm vi c gì n khi chúng tôi g

D nói.=B. Các khách hàng t ch i r i kh

n khi g

i qu

i qu n lý.

i: A. Các khách hàng h a s r

c khi h nhìn th

i qu

C. Các

c khi h nhìn th

i qu

ng ý r

D. Các khách hàng quy

nh r i kh i vì h không nhìn th

8. Gi i thích: so that + clause: ch m

làm gì

223

i qu

PH N 4

BI Chính ph

I CÂU

nh l p m t s khu d tr

loài nguy c p.=C. Chính ph

ng v t hoang dã. H mu n b o v các

p m t s khu b o t

t ch ng có th

ng v

các loài có

cb ov .

i: A. Vi c chính ph nguy c p v

p m t s khu b o t cb ov

B. Các loài nguy c p có th b ot

ng v t hoang dã hay không thì các loài

c b o v m c dù chính ph

p m t s khu

ng v

D. N u Chính ph thành l p m t s khu b o t

ng v t hoang dã, h s có th b o v các

loài nguy c 9. Gi i thích: D

Em gái tôi n

u t i.=C. Em gái tôi n

t ngon,

u t i. l i: A. Em gái tôi n

t ngon, ho c anh trai tôi thì n u t

B. Em gái tôi n

t ngon, vì anh trai tôi thì n u t

D. Em gái c a tôi n

t ngon, vì v y anh tôi thì n u t

10. Gi i thích: suggest doing sth: g

ng làm gì m tr i vào cu i tu

ngh

c m tr i vào cu i tu n. i: A. Anh ta t ch

m tr i vào cu i tu

C. Anh ta ph

m tr i vào cu i tu

D. Anh ta xin l i vì vi

m tr i vào cu i tu

11. Gi i thích: G D

u ki n lo i 3: If + S1 + had(not) + PII , S2 + would/could(not) + have+ PII ng x y ra

quá kh . nghi p c a mình nh s h tr c a b m .=B.

N u cha m c a anh ta không ng h , anh ta s không thành công trong s nghi p c a mình.

224

PH N 4

I CÂU

i: A và C. v 2 c a câu không gi ng c

u ki n lo i 3

D. N u không nh có s h tr c a cha m , anh ta s thành công trong s nghi p c a mình

12. Gi i thích: so + clause: vì v y ng giúp b n cùng l p h c bài. Các b n h c c a cô

D y.=C. Ma

ng giúp b n h c cùng l p h c bài, vì v y h

i: ng giúp b n h c cùng l p h

y. (không có

ng giúp b n h c cùng l p h c bài, vì h

y. (khô

ng giúp b n h c cùng l p h c bài, ho c h 13. Gi i thích: Since + clause: B i vì Chúng ta không th

Chúng ta c n

ng trong cu c s ng c a chúng ta.

i phó v i nó. = C. Vì chúng ta không th

th ng trong cu c s ng c a mình, vì v y chúng ta c

i phó v i nó.

i: A. Mi n là chúng ta hoàn toàn có th c n ph

ng trong cu c s ng c a mình, chúng ta

i phó v ng trong cu c s ng c a mình, chúng ta c n ph i tìm i phó v ng haofn toàn có th

c trong cu c s ng c a mình, chúng ta c n tìm cách

i phó v 14. Gi i thích: deny doing sth: T ch i làm gì ch

D i: p nh n

225

n cho John.

PH N 4

I CÂU

v vi 15. Gi i thích: Despite + N/phrase: M c dù t c nh ng b ng c p c n thi t. H không tuy n anh y.= A.M c dù có

t t c nh ng b ng c p c n thi

c tuy n d ng.

i: B.H không tuy n nam vì anh

t c nh ng b ng c p c n thi

t c nh ng b ng c p c n thi t, vì v y h không tuy n anh y (sa D.N

t c nh ng b ng c p c n thi t, anh

BÀI T

THI TH

c công vi

1 A. If Lan had more time, she would do it well. B. If Lan had more time, she did it well. C. If Lan had had more time, she would have done it well. D. If Lan had more time, she will do it well. 2 A. Tom had me sell the share immediately. B. Tom encouraged me to sell the share immediately. C. Tom persuaded me to sell the share immediately. D. Tom suggested I sell the share immediately. 3

B. Although v

4. The Internet declared a takeover. Online shopping has become a popular shopping method. A. The Internet declared a takeover when online shopping has become a popular shopping method. B. The Internet declared a takeover for online shopping has become a popular shopping method. C. Online shopping has become a popular shopping method ever since the Internet declared a takeover.

226

PH N 4

I CĂ&#x201A;U

D. Online shopping has become a popular shopping method in which the Internet declared a takeover. 5. I received a letter this morning. It very upset me. A. I received a letter this morning, so it really upset me. B. I received a letter this morning but it really upset me. C. I received a letter this morning so that it really upset me. D. I received a letter this morning which really upset me. 6. The agreement ended six-month negotiation. It was signed yesterday. A. The agreement which was signed yesterday ended six-month negotiation. B. The agreement which was signed yesterday lasted six months. C. The negotiation which lasted six months was signed yesterday. D. The agreement which ends six-month negotiation was signed yesterday. 7. I did not arrive in time. I was not able to see her off A. I was not early enough to see her off. B. She had left because I was not on time. C. I did not go there, so I could not see her off. D. I arrived very late to say good bye to her. 8. People say that Cameron was the best director of his time. A. It was said that Cameron was the best director of his time. B. Cameron is said to be the best director of his time. C. Cameron is said to have been the best director of his time. D. Cameron was said to have been the best director of his time. 9. I was offered to work for IBM, but I rejected. A. I turned down the offer to work for IBM. B. I rejected to offer to work for IBM. C. IBM refused my offer to work. D. I was refused by IBM at work. 10.

C. If he had been more careful, we would have completed the work.

227

PH N 4

I CĂ&#x201A;U

D. If he were careful, we would finish the work. 11. Helen said. A. Helen advised me on reading the job advertisement and position description carelessly. B. Helen recommended that I take no notice of the job advertisement and position description. C. I was blamed for not reading the job advertisement and position description carefully by Helen. D. Helen advised me against reading the job advertisement and position description carelessly. 12. He behaved so recklessly, so he would be disqualified from keeping his last job. A. Without his reckless behavior, he would have lost his last job. he knew that he had behaved so recklessly.

13. The holiday was so expensive. We could only afford five days. A. A fiveB. The holiday was dirt cheap, so we could afford more than five days. C. So expensive was a five-day holiday that we could hardly afford it. D. It was such an expensive holiday that we could only afford five days. 14. The basketball team knew they lost the match. They soon started to blame each other. A. Hardly had the basketball team known they lost the match when they started to blame each other. B. As soon as they blamed each other, the basketball team knew they lost the match. C. Not only did the basketball team lose the match but they blamed each other as well. D. No sooner had the basketball team started to blame each other than they knew they lost the match. 15. A. She said that if she had been me, she would have gone by train than by bus. B. She advised me to go by train rather than by bus. C. She meant going by train was more interesting than going by bus. D. Wherever she went, she always travelled by train. 16.

228

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I CĂ&#x201A;U

C. Whatever D. I like her achievements, so I admire her. 17. He can hardly understand this matter because he is too young. A. This matter is too hard to understand. B. Hardly can he understand this matter because he is too young. C. The matter is difficult but he can understand it. D. he is young but he can understand this matter. 18. He behaved in a very strange way. That surprised me a lot. A. What almost surprised me was the strange way he behaved. B. He behaved very strangely, which surprised me very much. C. His behavior was a very strange thing, that surprised me most. D. I was almost not surprised by his strange behavior. 19. Smoking is an extremely harmful habit. You should give it up immediately. A. When you give up smoking immediately, you will affect your health with this harmful habit. B. Stop your smoking immediately so it will become one of your extremely harmful habits. C. You should give up smoking immediately and you will fall into an extremely harmful habit. D. A smoking is an extremely harmful habit, you should give it up immediately. 20. We had no sooner got to know our neighbors than they moved away. A. Soon after we got to know our neighbors, we stopped having contact with them. B. Hardly had we become acquainted with our neighbors when they went somewhere else to live. C. If our new neighbors had stayed longer, we would have got to know them better. D. Once we had got used to our new neighbors, the moved somewhere else. 21. The likelihood of suffering a heart attack rises as one becomes increasingly obese. A. Anyone who is obese is likely to experience a heart attack at any time. B. The more obese one is, the higher the chances for heart attack become. C. Obesity result in only a slight increase in the probability of having a heart attack. D. Heart attacks are happening more and more often, and most of the sufferers are obese. 22. This is the battle field. The soldiers fought there A. This is the battle field where the soldiers fought there.

229

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I CĂ&#x201A;U

B. This is the battle field which the soldiers fought. C. This is the battle field that the soldiers fought. D. This is the battle field where the soldiers fought. 23. Jack was overconfident. Therefore, he ruined our plan completely. confidence ruined our plan completely.

D. Jack was overconfident, which ruined our plan completely. 24.

when he went out.

25. The boys prefer plying football to staying indoors. A. The boys would rather play football rather than stay indoors. B. The boys would rather to play football than stay indoors. C. The boys would prefer to play football than stay indoors. D. The boys would prefer to play football rather than stay indoors. 26. People think that Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928. A. It was thought that Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928. B. Alexander Fleming was thought to have discovered penicillin in 1928. C. Penicillin is thought to have been discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928 D. Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928 is thought. 27. She phoned him early in the morning. She wanted to talk to him before he left for work. A. She phoned him early in the morning so as to talk to him before he left for work. B. She phoned him early in the morning lest she should talk to him before he left for work. C. She phoned him early in the morning with a view to talking to him before he left for work. D. She phoned him early in the morning so that she wanted to talk to him before he left for work. 28. We arrived at the conference. Then we realized our reports were still at home. A. We arrived at the conference and realized that our reports were still at home. B. It was until we arrived at the conference that we realized our reports were still at home.

230

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I CĂ&#x201A;U

C. Not until we arrived at the conference did we realize that our reports were still at home. D. Not until had we arrived at the conference we realized our reports were still at home. 29. fire. use, built in 1953, was completely destroyed by the forest fire.

fire.

30. Hemingway developed a very concise writing style, his name is well-known throughout the world. A. Hemingway whose name is well-known throughout the world, developed a very concise writing style. B. Hemingway, whose is name well-known throughout the world, developed a very concise writing style. C. Hemingway, whose name is well-known throughout the world, developed a very concise writing style. D. Hemingway, who developed a very concise writing style, his name is well-known throughout the world. 31. The manager contributed generously, so I could continue my plan.

contribution got my plan continue.

D. Should the manager contribute generously, I could continue my plan. his friend.

32. A. Peter congratulated his friend of getting a promotion. B. Peter congratulated his friend that he got a promotion. C. Peter congratulated his friend to get a promotion. D. Peter congratulated his friend on getting a promotion. 33. The criminals got away in spite of the efforts of the police.

A. Without the efforts of the police, the criminals would have escaped.

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PH N 4

I CĂ&#x201A;U

B. Even though the police made their efforts, the criminals escaped. C. Thanks to the efforts of the police, the criminals were imprisoned. D. The criminals were caught because of the efforts of the police. 34.

yed.

35. His speech was boring. Everyone got up and left. A. He got up and left because everyone was talking. B. No one stayed to listen to him because his speech was so boring. C. Every one stood up so that they could hear his speech. D. His speech was interesting enough for everyone to listen. 36. A. She asked me if I was waiting for my exam result. B. She asked me was I waiting for my exam result. C. She asked me whether was I waiting for the exam result. D. She asked me whether I was waiting for my exam. 37. A. However late they arrived, they had very good seats B. The late arrivers still had good seats. C. Had they arrived earlier, they might have got good seats.

38. What she does in her free time does not concern me. A. What she does in her free time is none of my business. B. What she does in her free time is not my concern.

D. What she does in her free time is not concerned by me. 39. Refusal to give a breath sample to the police could lead to your arrest. A. If you refused to be arrested, you have to give a breath sample to the police. B. You could be arrested for not giving a breath sample to the police.

232

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I CĂ&#x201A;U

C. If a breath sample is not given, the police will to arrest you. D. The police could cause you to give a breath sample decide whether to arrest you or not. 40. The student was very bright. He could solve all the math problems. A. He was such bright student that he could solve all the match problems. B. The student was very bright that he could solve all the math problems. C. He was so bright a student that he could solve all the math problems. D. Such bright was the student that he could solve all the math problems. 41. I spent a long time getting over the disappointment of losing the match. A. It took me long to stop disappointing you. B. Getting over disappointment took me a long time than the match. C. Losing the match disappointed me too much. D. It took me long to forget the disappointment of losing the match. 42. They

C. The office telephone is used by workers personally.

43. He said that listening to loud music through headphones for too long caused my headache. A. Listening to loud music through headphone for too long resulted from my headache. B. My headache resulted in listening to loud music through headphones for too long. C. Listening to loud music through headphones for too long was said to cause my headache. D. My headache is said to cause by listening to loud music through headphones for too long. 44. A. David advised Claudia not to go to the doctor. B. David told Claudia that he would go to see the doctor. C. David advised Claudia to go to the doctor. D. David told Claudia to become a doctor. 45. The old man is working in this factory. I borrowed his bicycle yesterday. A. The old man whom I borrowed his bicycle yesterday is working in this factory. B. The old man whom is working in this factory I borrowed his bicycle yesterday. C. The old man whose bicycle I borrowed yesterday is working in this factory.

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D. The old man is working in this factory which I borrowed his bicycle yesterday. 46. The girl forgot to set the alarm clock. Therefore, she is in hurry now. A. The girl is not in a hurry now although she got forgot to set the alarm clock. B. The girl is not in a hurry now in spite of forgetting to set the alarm clock. C. The girl forgot to set the alarm clock because she is in a hurry now. D. The girl is in a hurry now because she forgot to set the alarm clock. 47. Impressed as we were by the new cinema, we found it rather expensive. A. The new cinema was more expensive than we expected. B. The new cinema impressed us because it was rather expensive. C. We were very impressed by the new cinema, but we found it rather expensive. D. We were not impressed by the new cinema at all because it looked rather expensive. 48. A. John reproached his secretary for not having finished the report. B. John said that his secretary had not finished the report. C. John reminded his secretary of finishing the report on time. D. John scolded to his secretary for not having finished the report. 49. When I picked up my book I found that the cover had been torn. A. Picking up my book, the cover had been torn. B. On picking up the book, I saw the cover had been torn. C. Picked up, I saw the cover of the book was torn. D. The cover had been torn when my book picked up. 50.

C. D. He offered me such an opportunity so that I could make good use of my time. 51. Her living conditions were difficult. However, she studied very well. A. Although she lived in difficult conditions, but she studied very well. B. She studied very well thanks to the fact that she lived in difficult conditions. C. Difficult as her living conditions, she studied very well. D. She studied very well in spite of her difficult living conditions.

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52. You can refuse to answer my question in no way. A. In no way you can refuse to answer my question. B. In no way can you refuse to answer my question. C. In no way you refuse to answer my question. D. In no way do you refuse to answer my question. 53. People believe that he is a kind doctor. A. He is loved by people because he is a kind doctor. B. Everyone admires him because he is a kind doctor. C. He is believed to be a kind doctor. D. He is really a kind doctor. 54. We lost the game because of my mistakes.

C. I made mistakes but we lost the game.

55.

sters who neither are teachers like me. 56. I did not read his book. I did not understand what the lecturer was saying. A. I found it very difficult to understand what the lecturer said in his book. B. I would have understood what the lecturer was saying if I had read his book. C. What the lecturer wrote and said was too difficult for me to understand.

57. A. His new employer asked him he had done that sort of work before. B. His new employer asked him if has done that sort of work before. C. His new employer asked him if he had done this sort of work before. D. His new employer asked him if he had done that sort of work before. 58.

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59. They spent more money. They had to work harder. A. The more money they spent, the harder they had to work. B. The more they spent money, the harder work they had to. C. The more money they spent, the more harder they had to work. D. The more they spent money, the more hard they had to work. 60.

B. I woul

D. I would have given it to you of you had told me earlier. 61. When the unemployment rate is high, the crime rate is usually also high. A. The higher the unemployment rate is, the higher the crime rate is. B. The unemployment rate is as high as the crime rate. C. The high rate of unemployment depends on the high rate of crime. D. The unemployment rate and the crime rate are both higher. 62. Diana ran into her former teacher on the street, to the stadium yesterday. A. Diana happened to meet her teacher while she was going to the stadium.

C. Diana caused an accident to her teacher while she was going to the stadium.

63. A. The teacher made his student not always make terrible mistakes. B. The teacher complained about his student making terrible mistakes. C. The teacher asked his student why they always made terrible mistakes. D. The teacher realized that his students always made terrible mistakes. 64. We chose to find a place for the night. We found the bad weather very inconvenient. A. Bad weather was approaching, so we started to look for a place to stay.

236

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B. Seeing that the bad weather dad set in, we decided to find somewhere to spend the night. C. The bad weather prevented us from driving any further.

65. The new restaurant looks good. However, it seems to have few customers. A. In spite of its appearance, the new restaurant does not appear to attract much business. B. In order to get more business, the new restaurant should improve its appearance. C. The new restaurant would have more customers if it looked better. D. If it had a few more customers, the new restaurant would look better.

1. Gi i thích: C

u ki n lo i 2: If + S + V (quá kh

th ) th

m àm t t. =A. N u Lan có nhi u th

s làm t t. i: Sai c

u ki n lo i 2.

2. Gi i thích: S1 + suggest + that + S2 + (should) + V (nguyên th D

L i khuyên c a Tom v i tôi là bán c ph n ngay l p t c.=D. Tom khuyên tôi bán

c ph n ngay l p t c. i: tôi bán c ph n ngay l p t c. B. Tom khuy n khích tôi bán c ph n ngay l p t c C. Tom thuy t ph c tôi bán c ph n ngay l p t c. 3. Gi i thích: Despite + N = Although (+ S + to be) + adj: m D

M c dù có thành công l

nào không h nh phúc. =B. M c dù r t

nh phúc. i: A. Là k t qu c a s thành công to l n c

là h nh phúc.

237

PH N 4

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t thành công m c dù cô

ng có h

D. B i vì thành công l n c 4. Gi i thích: C u trúc thì hi n t i hoàn thành v i tr ng t Internet tuyên b s giành ki m soát. Mua s m tr c tuy

mua s m ph bi n.=C. Mua s m tr c tuy

thành m

c mua s m ph bi

bao gi h t t khi Internet tuyên b m t cu c ki m soát. i: A. Internet tuyên b giành s ki m soát khi mua s m tr c tuy n tr thành m

c mua

s m ph bi n. B. Internet tuyên b s ki m soát mua s m tr c tuy

thành m

c mua s m

ph bi D. Mua s m tr c tuy

c mua s m ph bi

s giành ki 5. Gi i thích: C u trúc m Tôi nh

quan h ch ng v

cm tb

c s làm tôi bu n phi n. =D. Tôi nh n c s làm tôi bu n phi n.

i: A. Tôi nh

cm tb

y nó th c s làm tôi bu n phi n.

B. Tôi nh

cm tb

c s làm tôi bu n phi n.

C. Tôi nh

cm tb

nó th c s làm tôi bu n phi

6. Gi i thích: Dùng m

quan h

Th a thu

ng nào x

c thì

trong m

m d t vi

quan h .

c ký ngày hôm qua. =

D. Th a thu n k t thúc vi

c ký ngày hôm qua.

i: A. Th a th tháng x trong m B. Th a thu

c, vì v y ph i

trong m

quan h

quan h ) c ký ngày hôm qua kéo dài sáu tháng.

238

ng ký l i

PH N 4

I CÂU

c ký ngày hôm qua.

C. Cu 7. Gi i thích:

làm gì . Tôi không th ti n cô

D s

ti n cô y. i:

B. Cô y d

. y tôi không th ti n cô y. n r t mu

nói l i t m bi t cô y.

8. Gi i thích: C u trúc b

ng hai m

(hi n t i

quá kh

n t i) + said + to have Pll M

i nói r

c gi i nh t

c t t nh t

th i c a ông ta. = C.

th i c a ông ta.

u trúc và thì.

i: 9.

Gi i th ch: turn sth down (phrV) = reject sth (v): t ch i vi ngh làm vi

ch i. = A. Tôi t ch

ngh

làm vi c cho IBM. i: u trúc c C. IBM t ch

ngh làm vi c c a tôi.

IBM t ch i t 10. Gi i thích: C Pll: Gi D

u ki n lo i 3: If + S1 + had + (not) + Pll, S2 + would (not) + have +

nh không có th t trong quá kh . N u không vì s thi u trân tr ng c

C. N u anh ta c n th

c. = c.

i: A. B i vì anh y không b t c

239

PH N 4

I CÂU

t c n b i vì anh ta không hoàn thành công vi D. N u cô y c n th n, chúng ta s hoàn thành công vi c. (Sai lo

u ki n và sai t

11. Gi i thích: u tôi là b n, tôi s

c các qu ng cáo vi c làm và mô t v trí m t cách

thi u th n tr

c qu ng cáo vi c làm và mô t v trí

m t cách thi u th n tr ng. i: vi

c qu ng cáo vi c làm và mô t v trí m t cách thi u th n tr ng.

B. Helen khuy n cáo r C. Tôi b

n qu ng cáo vi c làm và mô t v trí. (sa

l i cho vi

c qu ng cáo vi c làm và mô t v trí b

12. Gi i thích: D Anh

m t cách li

y anh y s b sa th i kh i công vi c cu i

cùng. = D. N u anh ta không hành x quá li

không b sa th i kh i công vi c

cu i cùng c a anh ta. i: A. N u không vì hành vi li

a mình, anh ta s b m t vi c làm cu

công vi c vì anh ta bi t r C. N u anh ta không hành x quá li

li b công vi c cu i cùng c a anh ta.

13. Gi i thích: D k ngh

nn K ngh quá t n kém. Chúng tôi ch có th

t ti n mà chúng tôi ch có th

i: A. M t k ngh

i là r , vì v y chúng tôi không th

B. K ngh r ti n, vì v y chúng tôi có th C. Kì ngh

t ti

n n i mà chúng tôi khó có th tr

240

. (sai

PH N 4

I CÂU

14. Gi i thích: C

o ng : Hardly + had + S1 + Pll when S2 + V (quá kh ): V a m i bóng r bi t r ng h

D m i bi t r ng h

u thì h

B. Ngay khi h

i bóng r v a

l i cho nhau.

i bóng r bi t r ng h

i bóng r không ch thua tr

i bóng r b

l i cho nhau h bi t r ng h

u. (sai

15. u tôi là b n tôi s

Gi i thích: u tôi là b n, tôi s

u gì)

ng tàu thay vì b

b ng tàu thay vì b ng xe buýt. i: A. S d ng sai lo C. Ý cô

u ki n. ng tàu thú v

D. Cho dù cô 16. Gi i thích: Adj + as/though + S + V, Clause: M Even thou D

c dù tôi r

ng m thành tích c a cô y, tôi không th c s thích cô y

c s thích cô y m c dù tôi r

ng m thành tích c a cô y.

i: B. Tôi không th c s thích cô y b

ng m thành tích c a cô y l m. (sai

C. Cho dù thành t u c a cô y là gì, tôi không thích cô D. Tôi thích thành tích c a cô y vì v

ng m cô

17. Gi i thích: D

o ng Anh y khó có th hi

này b i vì anh y quá tr .

241

PH N 4

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i: A. V

hi y có th hi

C. V D. Anh y tr

y có th hi u v

này. (sai

18. Gi i thích: M

quan h b

m tm

i t quan h

u ph y. Anh

m t cách r t l

c nhiên. = B. Anh

t ng c nhiên.

i: A. Cái làm tôi ng

l lùng c a anh

C. Hành x c a anh y r t l D. Tôi h

c nhiên nh

c nhiên b

l lùng c a anh

19. Gi i thích: AS + clause: B i vì Hút thu c lá là thói quen c c k có h i. B n nên t b nó ngay l p t c. = D. Vì hút

thu c là thói quen c c k có h i nên b n nên t b nó ngay l p t c. i: A. Khi b n t b hút thu c ngay l p t c, s c kh e c a b n s

B. D ng hút thu

ng b i thói quen có h i

nó tr thành m t trong nh ng thói quen c c k có h i c a b n.

C. B n nên t b hút thu c lá ngay l p t c và b n s

t thói quen c c k có h i. (không

20. Gi i thích: C u trúc: S + had + no sooner + Pll than + S + V (quá kh o ng : No sooner + had + S + Pll than + S + V (quá kh = Hardly + had + S + Pll + when + S + V (quá kh D

Chúng tôi v a m i làm quen v

tôi v a m i làm quen v i nh

i hàng xóm thì h

242

s ng.

PH N 4

A. Khi chúng tôi v a làm quen nh

C. N u nh

I CÂU

i hàng xóm, chúng tôi d ng vi c liên l c v i h . (sai

i hàng xóm m i c a chúng tôi s ng

t nhau

nhi D. K t khi chúng tôi quen v i vi

i hàng xóm m i, h

ác. (sai

21. Gi i thích: C u trúc so sánh kép:

D B. M

i ta tr nên càng ngày càng béo phì. =

i càng béo thì kh i:

A. B t c

u có th b

C. Béo phì d n t i m t vi D. B

tc kh

y ra càng ngày càng nhi

n trong s nh

22. Gi i thích: M

quan h v

t ch

ng. Nh

D i lính chi

i lính chi

i: sai c u trúc 23. Gi i thích: M quan h D

quan h b

m tm

i t quan h

. Khi chuy n câu g c sang m u ph y.

tin. Vì v y, anh y làm h ng toàn b k ho ch c a chúng tôi. = D. u này làm h ng toàn b k ho ch c a chúng tôi. i: Sai c u trúc

24. Gi i thích: remind sb to do sth: nh c nh ai

243

PH N 4

I CÂU

ng quên khóa t t c các cánh c a khi b

D B. M c

c u ta nói. =

c nh c u ta khóa t t c c a ra vào khi c u ta ra ngoài. i:

A. M c a John g i ý c u ta khóa t t c các c a ra vào khi c C. M c

ngh c u ta khóa t t c các cánh c a ra khi c

D. M c a John nh c u ta khóa t t c các cánh c a ra khi c 25. Gi i thích: prefer doing

nhà.

D i: Sai c u trúc c 26. Gi i thích: C u trúc b

ng hai m

People think that + S + V (quá kh

c Alexander Fleming phát hi i: A.

ng t ng t

D. Sai c u trúc, trong câu không th

ng t .

27. Gi i thích: with a view to doing sth: v i m Cô g

D anh

n cho anh ta vào sáng s m. Cô y mu n nói chuy n v yg

n cho anh vào sáng s m v i m

c khi n v i anh ta

c khi anh i: A. Th a t B. Sai c u trúc. D. Th a t 28. Gi i thích: C

o ng : Not until + had + S + Pll

244

n t n khi

PH N 4

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n d h i ngh

D v n

n th y các báo cáo c a chúng tôi n d h i ngh c a chúng tôi m i nh n th y các báo

cáo c a mình v n

nhà. i:

n d h i ngh và nh n ra r ng các báo cáo c a chúng tôi v n B. Không có c C. Sai thì. 29. Gi i thích: C

i t quan h

Ngôi nhà

h c

c là: My

c xây d

toàn b i cháy r ng. = B. Ngôi nhà

h c

phá h y hoàn c xây d

b phá h y hoàn toàn b i cháy r ng. i: A. Sai c u trúc c a m C. Ngôi nhà

quan h .

h c

c xây d

phá h y hoàn toàn

b i cháy r D. Sai ng pháp. 30. n m t phong cách vi

D n i ti ng trên kh p th gi

t súc tích, tên c

i mà có tên n i ti ng trên kh p th gi

phát tri n m t phong cách vi t r t súc tích. i: A. Sai ng

n có d

B. Sai ng pháp: whose + N D. Sai c u trúc. 31. Gi i thích:

u ki n 3 gi

ng không x y ra

quá kh :

If + it + had (not)+ Pll, S + would/could + have + Pll = Had + it (not)+ been for + N, S + would/could + have + Pll

245

o ng )

PH N 4

= But for + N, S + would/could + have + Pll i qu

I CÂU

o ng )

t nhi u, vì v y tôi có th ti p t c k ho ch c a mình. =

C. N u không vì s

i qu n lý, tôi không th ti p t c k ho ch c a

mình. i: A. Sai c u trúc. B. Sai thì c a t D. Sai c u trúc. 32. Gi i thích: to congratulate sb on sth: chúc m nv

vi c gì

c. Chúc m

m ng b n c a mình v vi

i b n mình. = D. Peter chúc

i: Sai c u trúc c 33. Gi i thích: In spite of + N/phrase = Even though + clause: m c dù D

Nh ng tên t i ph

l c, b n t i ph

c m c cho nh ng n l c c a c nh sát. = B. M c dù n thoát.

i: A. N u không có nh ng n l c c a c nh sát, b n t i ph m có th tr C. Nh nh ng n l c c a c nh sát, b n t i ph D. Các t i ph

b t vì nh ng n l c c a c

34. Gi i thích: C u trúc c m

ng . n d h i ngh

u này khi n tôi b c mình. = B. Vi c Laura

n d h i ngh khi n tôi b c mình. i: A. Sai ng

quan h có d u ph y.

C. Thi u d u ph D. Thi

n có m t m

làm ch ng .

35. Gi i thích: Because + clause: b i vì

246

PH N 4

I CÂU

Bài phát bi u c a ông y th t nhàm chán. M

D Không ai

nghe ông ta vì bài di

ng d y và b

a ông ta quá nhàm chán.

i: A. Ông

ng d y và b h có th

C. M D. Bài phát bi u c a ông

thú v

c bài phát bi u c a ông m

36. Gi i thích: C

ng thu t l i câu h i nghi v n: ask + O + if/whether + S + V k t qu

y nói. = A. Cô y h i tôi có ph

i k t qu k thi c a tôi hay không. i: Sai c u trúc 37. Gi i th ch:

o ng v ng không có th t

u ki n lo i 3: Had + S + Pll, S + would/could + have + Pll: gi quá kh

n mu n, vì v y h không có ch ng i t t. = C. N u h

có

th có ch ng i t t. i: A. Cho dù h

n mu n th nào, h có ch ng i r t t

B. Nh

n mu n v n có ch ng i t

D. S d

u ki n lo i 2 là sai.

38. Gi i thích: none of my business: không ph i chuy n c a tôi D

Nh ng gì cô y làm trong th i gian r nh r i c a cô

n tôi. = A.

Nh ng gì cô y làm trong th i gian r nh c a cô y không ph i là chuy n c a tôi. i: B. Nh ng gì cô y làm trong th i gian r nh c a mình không ph i là m i quan tâm c a tôi. (sai

C. Tôi không bi t nh ng gì cô y làm trong th i gian r nh c D. Nh ng gì cô y làm trong th i gian r nh r i c a cô y không ph

39.

247

u tôi quan tâm. (sai

PH N 4 D ch ng

BI T ch i cung c p m

I CÂU

cho c nh sát có th d

B n có th b b t gi vì không cung c p m

n vi c b n b b t gi . = B.

cho c nh sát.

i: A. N u b n t ch i vi c b b t gi , b n ph i cung c p m C. N u m

c cung c p, c nh sát s t ch i vi c b t gi b

D. C nh sát có th b t b n cung c p m

quy

nh vi c có b t gi b n hay không.

40. Gi i thích: S + to be + so + adj + that + clause = S + to be + such + a/an + adj + N + that + nn H

t thông minh. C u y có th gi i quy t t t c các v

C. C u

n m c có th gi i quy t t t c các v

toán h c. =

toán h c.

i: A. Thi u m o t u trúc. D. Ph 41. Gi i thích: It takes/took sb + time + to do sth: m t bao lâu c Tôi dành m t th

D m t m t th

làm gì

t qua s th t v ng v vi c thua tr th t v ng v vi c thua tr

u. = D. Tôi

i: A. Tôi m t th

ng ng làm b n th t v

t qua s th t v ng khi n tôi m t th C. Thua tr

u. (sai n

u làm tôi th t v ng r t nhi

42. D

H không cho công nhân s d

công nhân. = D. H

n tho

c s d ng cho m

b i công nhân. i: A. H không cho phép s d B. H không cho công nhân s d

n tho

g n tho

248

PH N 4

n tho

I CÂU

c s d ng b i công nhân m t cách cá nhân.

43. Gi i thích:

u gì = cause sth Anh y nói nghe nh c quá to qua tai nghe trong th i gian dài gây ra ch

c a tôi. = C. Nghe nh c quá to qua tai nghe trong th

ã gây ra ch

u c a tôi. i: A. Nghe nh c quá to trong th i gian dài là k t qu t ch B. Ch

l i k t qu là vi c nghe nh c to qua tai nghe trong th i gian dài.

) u trúc b

ng.

44. Gi i thích: u tôi là b n, tôi s

i Claudia. = C. David khuyên

i: A. David khuyen B. David nói v i Claudia r ng anh ta s D. David nói Claudia tr thành m 45. Gi i thích: C u trúc m D

quan h v

s s h u. n chi

: N p c a ông

vi c t i nhà máy này. i: A. Th a t B. Sai c u trúc câu v i m n

quan h .

D. Sai c u trúc câu v i m

quan h .

46. Gi i thích:

i vì

249

p c a ông

PH N 4

I CÂU

ng h báo th c. Vì v y, bây gi cô

D i bây gi vì cô quên

i vàng. = D. Cô

ng h báo th c.

i: A. Cô gái bây gi không v i vàng ngay m

ng h báo th

B. Cô gái ngay bây gi không v i vàng m

ng h báo th

ng h báo th c vì 47. Gi i thích: Adj + as/though + S + V, clause: M

ng mà chúng tôi dành cho r p chi u phim m i, chúng tôi th y nó

D . = C. Chú

ng b i r p chi u phim m

y nó

khá t n kém. i: A. R p chi u phim m

ki n. (thi

B. R p chi u phim m i gây

ng v i chúng tôi b i vì nó khá t

ng v i r p chi u phim m i b i vì nó trông khá t

D. Chúng ta không 48. Gi i thích:

bây gi b n nên hoàn thành báo cáo r

c a mình. =

A. John khi i: B. John nói r C. John nh

D. John m ng t 49. Gi i thích: K t h p hai câu chung ch ng v

ng t d ng ch

câu. D

Khi tôi nh t cu n sách c a tôi, tôi th y r

sách, tôi th

rách. = B. Khi nh t l y cu n

rách. i: V-ing

i là ch

250

a v 1.

PH N 4

I CÂU

C. Nh t lên, tôi th y bìa cu

nh l

i câu

g c) t c là không t nh

50. Gi i thích: n d ng th i gian c a b n. B n s không nh

yn a

i tôi. = B. Ông ta khuyên tôi nên s d ng th i gian c a tôi vì tôi s không có i n a. i: tôi t n d ng th i gian c a mình b i vì tôi s

i m t l n n a. (sai

C. Ông ta ra l nh cho tôi s d ng th i gian c a mình vì tôi s không có c

tôi có th t n d ng th i gian c 51. Gi i thích: However + clause = in spite of + N/phrase: M c dù u ki n s ng c a cô y r

y h c r t gi i. = D. Cô h c

r t gi i m c dù cu c s i: A. Th a t B. Cô h c r t t t nh vào vi c cô y s ng trong nh

u ki

C. Sai c u trúc. 52. Gi i thích: In

o ng b n có th t ch i tr l i câu h i c a tôi.

D i: sai c u trúc 53. Gi i thích: Câu b D

c bi t (hai m

)

d ng hi n t i

i tin r ng ông y là m

t t b ng. i: c yêu b i vì ông ta là m

251

hi n t i: S + to be + Pll + to V c tin là m

PH N 4

B. T t c m

ng m ông ta b i vì ông ta là m

D. Anh ta th c s là m

I CÂU tb

54. Gi i thích: S d

u ki n lo i III: If S + had + Pll, S + would/could + have + Pll: Gi

ng không có th t trong quá kh u vì nh ng sai l m c a tôi. = D. N u tôi không m c sai

D l m, chúng tôi s

u. i:

A. M

c sai l

B. M c dù vì sai l m c a tôi, chúng

55. Gi i thích: C u trúc m nh t quan h v H là hai ch em c a tôi. H không ph

là hai ch em

c a tôi, không ai trong s h i: A. Gi

hai ch

u không ph

C. S d ng t

i s nhi u nên ph

D. Sai c u trúc. 56. u ki n III: If S + had + Pll, S + would/could + have + Pll: Gi

Gi i thích:

ng x y ra trong quá kh . c cu n sách c a ông y. Tôi không hi u nh ng gì gi ng vi

hi u nh ng gì các gi ng viên nói n

c cu n sách c a ông ây.

i: A. Tôi th y r

C. Cad bài gi ng mà gi D. Cu n sách c a gi

c nh ng gì gi

n sách c

cho tôi hi c thì r t là khó hi u.

57. Gi i thích: Chuy n câu tr c ti p sang gián ti p: S + asked + sb + if + clause (lùi thì; t

252

PH N 4

I CÂU

ã t ng làm công vi

m i c a anh ta nói. =

D. Ông ch m i c a anh ta h i n i: Sai c u trúc 58. Gi i thích: There is no point in doing sth: không có tác d ng làm gì D

Không có ích gì khi thuy t ph

khi thuy t ph

nh c a mình. = C. Th t vô ích

nh c a mình. i:

A. Chúng ta có th thuy t ph B. Jane s

a mình m c dù cô y không mu a mình b

D. Không ai mu 59. Gi i thích: C u trúc so sánh kép: D

H tiêu nhi u ti

ph i làm vi

ti n, h càng ph i làm vi

càng tiêu nhi u

i: Sai c u trúc 60. u ki n III: If S + had + Pll, S + would + have + Pll

Gi i thích: D

i tôi s

D. Tôi s

nn ub

ó là lý do t

n. =

i tôi s

i: A. Tôi s

nn ub

B. Tôi s

nn ub

i tôi s i tôi s

C. N u b n nói v i tôi s 61. Gi i thích: C u trúc so sánh kép: D

Khi t l th t nghi p cao, t l t i ph

càng cao, t l t i ph m càng cao. i: B. T l th t nghi

l t i ph

C. T l th t nghi p cao ph thu c vào t l t i ph

253

ng cao. = A. T l th t nghi p

PH N 4

I CÂU

D. T l th t nghi p và t l t i ph 62. Gi i thích: to run into (phrV): tình c g Diana tình c g

ng ph

n sân v n sân v

ng.

B. Xe c a Diana ch

n sân v

C. Diana gây tai n

n sân v

D. Giáo viên c

y tr n trong khi cô

g lên sân v

63. Gi i thích: to complain about sth (v): phàn nàn v

u gì

m sai l m kh ng khi

vi c sinh viên c a mình m c nh ng sai l m kh ng khi p. áp án còn l i: n sinh viên không ph

m sai l m kh ng khi

C. Giáo viên h i sinh viên c a mình t i sao h luôn m c nh ng sai l m kh ng khi D. Giáo viên nh n ra r ng sinh viên c a mình luôn m c nh ng sai l m kh ng khi 64. Gi i thích: C u trúc k t h p hai câu chung ch ng t ch

quá kh

tìm m

D ti n. = B. Nhìn th y th i ti t b

y th i ti t x u r t b t

u x u, chúng tôi quy

ngh

i: A. Th i ti t x

n g n, vì v y chúng tôi b

u tìm ki m m

C. Th i ti t x u c n tr chúng D. Vì khí h u kh c nghi t nên chúng ta lo l ng v nh ng gì chúng ta s

65. Gi i thích: However + clause = In spite of + N/phrase: M c dù D

Nhà hàng m i có v t t. Tuy nhiên, d

b ngoài, nhà hàng m

t ít khách hàng. = A. M c v i v i vi c kinh doanh.

254

PH N 4

I CÂU

i: có th kinh doanh nhi

i nên c i thi n v b ngoài c

C. C nhà hàng m i s có nhi

u nó trông t

D. N u có thêm m t vài khách hàng, nhà hàng m i s

255