Diplomacy&Commerce_85

EVENTS

SERBIA RENEWS COMMITMENT TO STRENGTHEN HISTORIC TIES WITH AFRICA ON AFRICA DAY

THE UNFINISHED SYMPHONY OF EUROPE:

AUSTRIA AND SERBIA STRIVE FOR A UNIFIED FUTURE

AMBASSADOR’S INTERVIEW

REFLECTIONS ON A DIPLOMATIC JOURNEY

H.E. DEMETRIOS THEOPHYLACTOU

Outgoing Ambassador of Cyprus to Serbia

BUSINESS INTERVIEW

FACTS ARE SACRED, COMMENTS ARE FREE

BIOGRAPHIES

THE MAN WHO HAD EVERYTHING

SERBIAN DESIGN WITH A TASTE OF FRANCE

SVETLANA HORVAT NEW COLUMN

CULTURAL INTERVIEW by ROBERT

MACROECONOMIC ANALYSIS AND TREND

WE HAVE TO HELP OURSELVES MAT BRIEF

DRAGAN ŠAGOVNOVIĆ

Economics Institute by IVAN NIKOLIĆ

Serbia Fashion Week President

President of the Parliament of Austria

FoNet news agency

MR. WOLFGANG SOBOTKA

ZORAN SEKULIĆ

ČOBAN

FOLLOW US TO STAY UPDATED

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FEATURED INTERVIEW

CONTENT

THE UNFINISHED SYMPHONY OF EUROPE: AUSTRIA AND SERBIA STRIVE FOR A UNIFIED FUTURE

MR. WOLFGANG SOBOTKA

President of the Parliament of Austria

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CULTURAL INTERVIEW

ROBERT ČOBAN Director robert.coban@color.rs

DRAGAN NIKOLIĆ Editor in Chief dragan.nikolic@color.rs

NIKOLA GUDELJ Journalist nikola.gudelj@color.rs

ŽIKICA MILOŠEVIĆ Journalist zikica.milosevic@color.rs

JELENA JAHURA Advertising jelena.jahura@color.rs

Photos GORAN ZLATKOVIĆ NEBOJŠA BABIĆ SHUTTERSTOCK

Translation SNEŽANA BJELOTOMIĆ TEODORA TOROMAN

Prepress STUDIO LONČAR

Contributors:

Dragan Nikolić, Robert Čoban, Duška Jovanić, Nikola Gudelj, Žikica Milošević, Ivan Nikolić

Print

BIROGRAF COMP D.O.O. Zemun, Atanasija Pulje 22

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AMBASSADOR’S INTERVIEW REFLECTIONS ON A DIPLOMATIC JOURNEY

H.E. DEMETRIOS THEOPHYLACTOU Outgoing Ambassador of Cyprus to Serbia

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THE SERIAL: DIPLOMACY AT THE TABLE / VOL.2 BLOODY CARTOGRAPHY OF AN ORDINARY UKRAINIAN BORSCH by Hidajet Biščević

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WE HAVE TO HELP OURSELVES DRAGAN ŠAGOVNOVIĆ Economics Institute

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MAT BRIEF

THE WORLD ECONOMY IS CURRENTLY AT A CRITICAL POINT by Ivan Nikolić

SERBIAN DESIGN WITH A TASTE OF FRANCE

SVETLANA HORVAT Serbia Fashion Week President

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THE LIST / VOL. 4

PEOPLE WHO CHANGE BELGRADE by Duška Jovanić

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MEDIA INTERVIEW FACTS ARE SACRED, COMMENTS ARE FREE ZORAN SEKULIĆ

FoNet news agency

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BIOGRAPHIES

THE MAN WHO HAD EVERYTHING NEW COLUMN by Robert Čoban

The Ambassadors

Last October, at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, at an exhibition dedicated to paintings from the era of Elizabeth I - my attention was drawn to a portrait by an unknown author depicting the Moroccan ambassador at the court of this English queen. Abd el-Ouahed ben Messaoud ben Mohammed Anoun (42 years old in the portrait) was part of a delegation of 17 men sent by the Moroccan Sultan Ahmad alMansur in 1600. He spent six months negotiating joint operations against the Spaniards at the court of Elizabeth I. With his appearance, he attracted considerable attention from courtiers, and contemporaries say that Abd el-Ouahed inspired William Shakespeare for the character of Othello in the play of the same name.

At the beginning of May, in the National Gallery in London, I saw the painting “The Ambassadors” by the famous Hans Holbein the Younger, another masterpiece dedicated to diplomats. This time the artist immortalized two French diplomats in London - Jean de Dinteville and Georges de Selve, both living in the first half of the 16th century. Then I remembered a photo portraying the ambassador of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, Pavle Beljanski, in Rome in 1937. The famous diplomat and collector poses in the parade uniform worn by ambassadors at the time.

Who are our ambassadors in the world today, how do they look and act, and how do foreign ambassadors in Serbia appear and behave? A friend once jokingly reproached me that our magazines are to blame for the fact that people in Serbia, in the absence of authentic domestic nobility, often view foreign ambassadors in Belgrade as equivalents to aristocrats and their residences as palaces, so to receive an invitation to a reception there is considered a special honour. I once joked that I knew summer was coming in Serbia because a lot of people started asking me for tickets to “Exit” (although my company is not the organizer of the mentioned festival) and an invitation to the reception at the US Ambassador’s Residence on the occasion of Independence Day on July 4 (which is seldom on that date but a few days earlier). Before Ambassador Kyle Scott, receptions for Independence Day were held at noon, in the hottest part of the day, with a “black tie” dress code. That, however, was not a problem for most of the guests because they were overjoyed to be among the “chosen” few hundred.

I have met most of the ambassadors who have been in Belgrade in the past 30 years. I remained friends with many of them, so we started the “Postcard” section so that the readers of this magazine could somehow stay in contact with foreign diplomats even after their service in our country. Many of these people were great intellectuals interested in local history and contemporary occurrences. The others were just officials who represented their country for a salary without the desire to delve into the essence of social processes in Serbia and realistically observe the political actors of the local scene.

In the “Diplomat” series on Netflix, we can see what it’s like to be the US ambassador in London. When the US ambassador in Ljubljana told me four years ago that she had five children, I was amazed at how she managed it with a diplomatic career. She smilingly answered: “Oh, no, this is my first diplomatic appointment. My husband is a good friend of Donald Trump and one of his campaign donors!”

In “Succession” season 4, episode 6, one of the Roy brothers, who was running for president, is offered to step down in exchange for an appointment as US ambassador to Mogadishu, Somalia. When he refused indignantly, they offered Oman, Slovakia, or Slovenia. When asked by his advisor if South Korea would be considered, he received a negative answer - “No! Too serious a country! In the top 10 by GDP!”

Our president often needs to say that current ambassadors do not make the government, unlike certain previous presidents. On the other hand, it was interesting to observe which receptions on the occasion of national days Aleksandar Vučić, as prime minister and later president, attended in the past nine years - always with Americans, Russians, Germans, and Chinese, sometimes with the French and never with the British. Queen Elizabeth II died, but since 2012 (while he was still in the opposition), Vučić was not at the reception in honour of her birthday.

Local politicians and the general public often forget that ambassadors on duty in our country are mere peoplewith virtues and flaws. Whether any of them will inspire a local writer for the character of “21st-century Othello” remains to be seen.

CATEGORIES:

Best Social Media Campaign (company)

Best radio campaign (company)

Best online campaign (company)

Best campaign on TV (company)

Best print campaign (company)

Best outdoor campaign (company)

The 10th anniversary Digital conference and 1st Digital Awards

The #Digital2023 conference this year marks a milestone as it is the 10th anniversary of the event, which was initially launched back in September of 2014In honor of the anniversary, we decided to launch the “Digital Awards“, awarding the best in the fields of media, telecommunications, marketing, PR, ICT industry, and digital innovation.

The “Digital Awards” ceremony will take place on September 15., at 19:30 at the end of this year’s #Digital2023 conference at the Metropol Palace Hotel in Belgrade.

The members of the “Digital Awards 2023” jury are:

Violeta Jovanović, NALED

Ivan Stanković, Communis

Marija Matić, Direct Media

Slavimir Stojanović, designer

Danijela Rakić, Srpska asocijacija menadžera

Jelena Medaković, director of the Museum of the City of Belgrade

Zoran Torbica, Adria Summit

Biljana Jotić, director of the Museum of Applied Art

Dušan Jovović, multimedia artist

Željko Tomić, SPK “Privrednik”

Diplomacy & Commerce Magazine Gets Its Montenegrin Edition from July

Diplomacy & Commerce magazine, which follows events in the diplomatic and business community as well as topics from the fields of politics, society, culture, and gastronomy, after Serbia, Croatia, and Austria, is getting its Montenegrin edition in July this year.

Best domestic TV series (production)

Best domestic film (production)

Best domestic news TV show (television)

Best Domestic Entertainment Show (television)

Leader of social responsibility (ICT company)

PR manager of the year (person)

CSR manager of the year (person)

Creativity and decency in communication on social networks (person)

The most creative management of social networks (company)

Applications are open from 01.06. until 01.09.

The following information should be sent to jelena.jahura@color.rs:

For all categories:

Number and name of the category for which you are applyin

Name and the address of the company

Contact person (mobile phone + email address)

For categories 1 to 6:

Name of the campaign

Duration of the campaign

Name of the team or agency that created the campaign

Brief description of the campaign – up to 10 sentences. Brief description of campaign results – up to 10 sentences

Attach the campaign file (video, audio, or PDF)

For categories 7 to 10:

Name of the project (series, film, show)

Author of the project Project trailer

Short description of the project up to 10 sentences, link to the website

For categories from 11 to 15:

Short explanation of candidacy – up to 10 sentences

Attach a file (video, audio, pdf) or links to media publications

Diplomacy & Commerce Montenegro is published by Color Media Communications in cooperation with the Montenegrin partner The Media from Podgorica, the magazine will be published in English six times a year (bimonthly), and in addition to the printed edition it will also have a web portal www.diplomacyandcommerce.me

The director and chief editor of Diplomacy & Commerce Montenegro is Miloš Dragaš. As in other markets, the magazine will be sold by subscription and at selected airport kiosks and will be present in the most prestigious hotels, restaurants, and VIP lounges.

The first Serbian edition of the magazine Diplomacy & Commerce was launched in March 2016, and the launch party was organized at the Residence of the Ambassador of Great Britain in Belgrade. A year and a half later, in November 2017, the Croatian edition of the magazine was launched with a launch party at the Great Britain Ambassador’s Residence in Zagreb, and in February 2019, the Austrian edition of the magazine was launched with a launch party at the Great British Ambassador’s Residence in Vienna.

As in the editions in Serbia, Croatia, and Austria, Diplomacy & Commerce Montenegro will publish special “In Focus” supplements dedicated to specific countries and special topics such as communications, real estate, tourism, energy… The magazine will also publish, as well as other Diplomacy & Commerce editions, selected texts from the British weekly The Economist.

The Unfinished Symphony of Europe: Austria and Serbia Strive for a Unified Future

Nostalgia and paying homage to the past are paramount and beneficial,

In the era of swift changes, Austria’s President of the Parliament, Mr. Wolfgang Sobotka, champions a united Europe, underscoring the significance of integrating Serbia into the European Union. In the ambitious vision for the future, Sobotka draws attention to the vital role of Austria as Serbia’s second-largest investor, contributing to the job market and fostering economic growth. The necessity of Serbia’s alignment with the EU’s foreign policy, particularly regarding Russia, is emphasised, alongside the need for the further rule of law reforms. His message is one of shared responsibility, mutual growth, and above all, a harmonious future for Europe.

The ties between Austria and Serbia are steep in abundant history: there were glorious times and times with plenty of adversity. How do you see the future of those relations if we consider the prevalence of the Austrian economy in Serbia just as the large proportion of the Serbian population who live and work in Austria?

Europe is incomplete without the Western Balkans. Our goal must be a strong and united Europe, of which Serbia is also a member and which defends the values of the European Union together. I am pleased that Austrian companies are so prevalent in Serbia - therefore, I look into the bright future with certainty and confidence.

Austria is the second largest investor in Serbia and has created around 22,000 jobs with over 400 companies.

Serbia officially wants to become a member of the EU, but obstacles constantly appear

main obstacles for Serbia on that path, and how to overcome them?

Progress in Serbia’s accession negotiations depends on the rule of law reforms and the normalisation of its relations

along the way, from those that we set for ourselves (insufficiently dynamic reforms) to those that the EU puts before us (normalisation of relations with Kosovo and political stance to the war in Ukraine). In your opinion, what are the

with Kosovo. It must be clear to both sides that no alternatives are possible, so they must take implementation seriously. Another critical step in the accession process is the alignment with the EU’s foreign policy, notably the EU’s position on

but what is even more significant is our united outlook on the future

© Johannes Zinner

AS THE LARGEST COUNTRY IN THE WESTERN BALKANS, SERBIA BEARS A PARTICULAR RESPONSIBILITY IN THE REGION

MR. WOLFGANG SOBOTKA President of the Parliament of Austria

Russia. As the largest country in the Western Balkans, Serbia bears a particular responsibility in the region. No country can remain neutral, given that Russian militancy disrupts the most basic tenets of international law. Austria commends Serbia for supporting the international community’s condemnation of Russia’s war of aggression in the UN General Assembly. It is inconceivable to remain on the sidelines in such essential matters.

Could you select and state what left the strongest impression on you during your visit to Belgrade and Novi Sad?

It is undisputed that the pro-European attitude has solidified at the political level in recent years. Now we must succeed in bringing Europe into the hearts of the Serbian population. Incidentally, the construction activ-

As a former part of Austria-Hungary, Vojvodina inherits many assets from the country it belonged to 120 years ago - from the diversity of national communities to architecture and culinary specificities. On the

OF COURSE, IT WOULD BE NICE IF CERTAIN DIRECTIVES WERE LESS RIGID AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS WERE IN ABSOLUTE HARMONY, BUT UNFORTUNATELY, POLITICS IS NOT A MUSICAL REQUEST PROGRAMME

ity impressed me just as much as the foreign language skills of the youth.

other hand, it seems that Hungary is much more present than Austria in terms of “soft power”

and the famous Matica Srpska Gallery in Novi Sad gave me a whole new perspective on an up-and-coming region of Serbia regarding science and culture. Representatives of Austrian provinces, for example, from Lower Austria or Styria, regularly come to Vojvodina to plan new opportunities for economic cooperation or cultural exchange. The European cultural city of Novi Sad has made a significant contribition here.

A performance of “Eine Kleine Nachtmusik’’, played by the Capella Istropolitana and conducted by you, was used in Josef Hader’s 2017 film “Wild Mouse’’.

in the states and regions that were once part of the common state. How do you see that in Vienna, unlike Budapest, there is no such kind of “nostalgia” concerning the former provinces?

Nostalgia and paying homage to the past are paramount and beneficial, but what is even more significant is our united outlook on the future. And here, Vojvodina and Novi Sad offer excellent opportunities to continue to foster the relations between our two countries. My visit to the BioSense Institute

How much does having a classical music education and background help you in your work in the Parliament?

As the President of the Parliament, I don’t conduct or direct. Essentially, all the regulations are in the Rules of Procedure, and the scope for a President is very clearly defined. Of course, it would be nice if certain directives were less rigid and international relations were in absolute harmony, but unfortunately, politics is not a musical request programme. Working with people is perhaps the common denominator. Besides that, I don’t see any analogies. Artistic work is something completely different - it’s about making a score sound harmonious.

READ THIS ON WEB

CYPRUS TO SERBIA

Without Serbia, we essentially lose the Balkans

In an enlightening conversation, we take a retrospective journey into the eventful two-and-a-half-year diplomatic mission of the outgoing Ambassador of Cyprus, Demetrios Theophylactou, to Serbia, marking a period filled with challenges, achievements, and a deep immersion into Serbian culture and society.

You spent a little more than two years in Serbia. Considering your rich diplomatic experience, how challenging was your position in Belgrade?

only because we are quite similar in our mentality and way of thinking. I often said that Serbs are as emotional, passionate, friendly, and hospitable as Cypriots. All in all, the time I spent

FROM

Reflections on a Diplomatic Journey

in Serbia was inspirational and quite active, but essentially very pleasant.

How does Cyprus view the Serbian role in the Balkan region, and what steps could be taken to promote stability and cooperation in the area further?

We believe that Serbia has a special role to play in terms of ensuring both regional stability and economic growth in the Western Balkans. It is clear to everyone, particularly within the EU, that despite the challenges that Serbia and other regional candidate states face,

How has Cyprus’ experience with EU membership impacted its relationship with Serbia, particularly in the context of Serbia’s ongoing efforts to join the European Union?

In my 30 years of diplomatic activity, which covered four continents, I often had to deal with the Balkans – whether at the United Nations in the early 1990s or in the European Union from 2004 up until 2010. Therefore, I was familiar with issues like Kosovo and challenges concerning historical grievances and legacies in Western Balkan states.

forms. Cyprus has also strongly encouraged Serbia to remain committed to the European agenda and has emphasized the benefits of EU membership, such as economic growth, social progress, political stability, and regional cooperation. Overall, Cyprus’ experience within the EU has strengthened the traditionally excellent relations with Serbia, highlighting the importance of cooperation and mutual respect in the context of the EU integration process.

framework between our top universities and research institutes, including the Biosens Institute at the University of Novi Sad. I had the pleasure to give lectures on energy strategy, for instance, and meet the Rectors of major universities and Deans of key Faculties, like Mathematics and Information Technologies, Electrical and Civil Engineering, and Physics.

without Serbia, we essentially lose the Balkans. Therefore, certain decisive steps are necessary to ensure that Serbia receives all possible support to accelerate its own economic growth, the reform process, including in respect of the rule of law, to upgrade its infrastructure, and further engage in trade and economic exchanges with neighbors. In this regard, the Open Balkan initiative, which Serbia embraced from the very beginning, can decisively accelerate the process of regional cooperation and have a positive impact on peace and regional stability. The EU can play a central role in this process, and certainly, it should provide more concrete support in the acceleration of the EU accession of Western Balkan states.

At the same time, I was able to discuss, in the context of EU Ambassadors’ meetings, the European perspective of Serbia and the Balkan countries that are candidates for EU membership. As an EU Member State, Cyprus has shared its own experience, after nearly twenty years of membership, by providing, for example, technical expertise in sectors where we have a comparative advantage. We are open to readily extending and expanding our technical assistance to provide valuable insight and support in the accession process, in addition to our strong political support.

Cyprus has been a strong advocate within the EU for Serbia’s integration into the EU, inter alia, by encouraging Belgrade to implement all necessary re-

What were the significant achievements in the relationship between Cyprus and Serbia regarding trade, investment, and cultural exchange during your appointment here? What initiatives should be continued?

Like every Ambassador, I set a few priorities in December 2020, when I assumed my duties. One

The initiatives that should be continued include collaboration in areas such as energy, infrastructure, and tourism. Moreover, we can provide further opportunities to scientists for closer cooperation and synergies in various fields, with a strong emphasis on scientific research in renewable energy.

Can you provide an update on the current state of Cyprus’ reunification efforts and discuss any potential implications of a resolution for Cyprus-Serbia relations?

was to increase trade and economic cooperation, enhance collaboration in science and technology, with emphasis on IT applications in sectors such as energy efficiency, and significantly raise the number of visitors to and from Cyprus. In my view, a significant achievement was setting up a collaboration

After taking office just recently, and based on his pre-election programme, President Nikos Christodoulides pursued a new initiative, namely that the European Union must assume a more active role with respect to a new round of negotiations, which we hope will start soon. Regretfully, the policy and public rhetoric of Ankara have not been conducive to a viable settlement. Turkey aims to impose the permanent division of Cyprus through a “two-state” solution. This is in absolute contravention of the agreed basis for a settlement, that is, a bizonal bicommunal federation, as provided for by relevant UN Security Council Resolutions. Yet the solution is a high priority for the new Government, simply because we must give peace another chance. We are ready to resume negotiations in good faith and in compliance with relevant United Nations Resolutions. Yet, by no means are we ready to deviate from key principles of international law in order to have a solution, especially one that is neither viable nor

I HAD THE PLEASURE OF GIVING LECTURES ON ENERGY STRATEGY

guarantees the future functioning of the state. The solution must primarily comply with the EU Acquis Communautaire, the EU Constitutional and Legal Framework. As a Member of the European Union, we should expect nothing less.

Now, as for potential implications of a Cyprus settlement for Cyprus - Serbia relations, we believe that a solution, if premised on the EU Acquis and international law, respecting the fundamental principles of sovereignty and territorial integrity, and guaranteeing the three fundamental freedoms for all citizens, that is, freedom of settlement, property, and movement, it would have a positive impact on our relations with Serbia. Clearly, Cyprus has been fully supportive of Serbia’s European perspective, as well as of EU efforts to facilitate dialogue between Belgrade and Pristina.

Cyprus did not recognize Kosovo as an independent state. Do

you expect that position could be changed in the future?

Our stance concerning the non-recognition of Kosovo is widely known. It is premised on international legality and has been consistent precisely because it is a principled position. Therefore, it will remain unchanged. As I said in previous public statements, in order to be credible, a state must maintain its positions of principle in compliance with international

Brussels Agreement. Regretfully, we observe that Pristina and Mr. Kurti do not comply with these agreements and continue to provoke, both with their rhetoric and actions. The EU and the US have strongly condemned this stance, referring to consequences for Priština unless it refrains “from any further actions that will inflame tensions and promote conflict.”

Soon, you will leave Serbia. What will you miss about this

law and should not apply double standards. At the same time, in line with EU policies, we support the Belgrade - Pristina dialogue. We also insist, with other EU Member States, on the full implementation of the provisions concerning Serbian Municipalities in Kosovo, based on the

place? Do you have any plans for your next step?

I will miss many things in Serbia, such as the beautiful landscapes and sunsets, the wonderful hospitality in Belgrade and towns I visited all over Serbia, the picturesque and inspiring monaster-

ies, the variety of sports venues where I exercised and shared special moments with friends, such as the Novak Tennis Center, GEMAX tennis center, running and strolling at Ada Ciganlija, amongst others. I will miss my weekends on the bike, my early swimming and spa, and the morning coffee accompanied by excellent Serbian rakija with brunch at cozy restaurants on Sunday. I will reflect on my long walks in Dedinje or along the river, certainly on the vibrant life of Belgrade. I will also miss my friends in the diplomatic corps, the Government and Parliament, academia and the media, and cultural circles more broadly. I must say, however, that some friends insist that “you will leave, but you will be back.” They are right. This has become a second home, so to speak, and I will certainly return to Serbia soon. My immediate plans include academic teaching and writing, some consulting, lots of sports, and – as Italians insist – one should not forget “dolce vita.”

MY DIPLOMATIC TENURE IN SERBIA WAS A PLEASANT EXPERIENCE

A Beautiful Memory of My Stay in Serbia

What have you been doing since you left Belgrade?

Due to the pandemic, I had to leave Belgrade in the summer of 2020 somewhat like a thief without being able to say goodbye to all the friends and colleagues who helped to make my stay in Serbia

one of the most interesting and enjoyable in my entire career. Since then, I have been Ambassador in the splendid baroque city of Prague, where I enjoy myself very much.

What (and who) do you miss the most from Serbia?

It may sound a bit cliché to say it, but I definitely miss the warmth and hospitality of the people in Serbia. It was the first thing that struck me when I arrived in Belgrade and it will remain a beautiful memory of my stay in Serbia. While the Embassy Residence was being renovated, I had the great fortune to live for a year in an apartment in the lively Dorcol district with its countless café terraces, its parties that end in the early hours of the morning and its small improvised concert places. There is a sweetness of life in this neighborhood that I miss. But what I miss the most are the connections and friendships I have made in the contemporary art world. I never expected to discover such a creative, imaginative, and diverse art scene. First of all, there are the galleries like Chaos, Novembar, Eugster or X Vitamin to name a few. Then the art spaces like U10, KC Grad or Remont without forgetting of course the incomparable biennial October Salon or the theater festival Bitef. The icing on the cake is the Museum of Contemporary Art with its avant-garde architecture for the sixties which has not aged a bit. In this context, one of the highlights was the reception I was able to host at the Residence for the incomparable performer Martina Abramović or the explanations given by Mrdjan Bajić in his studio about the concept of his works. But I have so many good memories of this kind that it is very hard to make a selection.

Former ambassador of Switzerland to Serbia, Mr. Philippe Guex, now serves as the ambassador to Czechia. He remembers days when he was a citizen of Belgrade, and send us a warm postcard from Prague to revoke these days in our capital.

H.E. Philippe Guex, former ambassador of Switzerland to Serbia

by Žikica Milošević, according

The Most Populated Countries in the World

Recently, the statisticians warned us that after many years, China would not be the most populous country in the world, and it already happened – neighboring India surpassed it – the score is now 1.426 billion to 1.425 billion inhabitants, and the difference will just grow with time. The USA comes in third with just under 325 million residents. The BRIC countries (Brazil (7), Russia (9), India (1), and China (2)), generally regarded as the four major emerging economies expected to dominate in the 21st century, are all in the top ten most populous countries, indicating how important the sheer size of their populations is to their

economic expansion. However, a number of countries considered by the International Monetary Fund to be developing countries (that is, having not achieved a high degree of industrialization relative to their populations and where the population typically has a medium to the low standard of living) also have sizeable populations, including Nigeria (the 5th most populated, with over 190 million), Bangladesh (8th, almost 165 million) and Mexico (10th, around 129 million), demonstrating that the issues affecting developing nations span multiple continents. A surprising country on the list is Indonesia, with 277 million people, occupying the 4th place

in the world on so many tropical islands! The future belongs to the Third World, and all of these countries tend to join BRICS++, thus changing the political and economic map of the world. It is notable that a number of the largest economies in the world have smaller populations, particularly in Europe. The United Kingdom, Germany, France, and Italy are all among the top ten largest economies, and all have populations of under 100 million. Their numbers range from 82 million (Germany) to just under 60 million (Italy). They will certainly suck up a lot of immigrants from poor and overpopulated countries, but the balance is definitely changing.

Overcrowded street in Varanasi downtown © Cavan-Images / Shutterstock

H.E. TAKAHITO KATSUMATA Ex-ambassador of Japan to Serbia

The former ambassador of Japan, Takahiko Katsumata, left Serbia. Mr. Katsumata contributed to the development of bilateral relations between the two countries, which celebrated 140 years of friendship last year.

During the farewell reception with Ivica Dačić, the first vice-president of the Government of Serbia and Minister of Foreign Affairs, Katsumatu said that he has good memories from Serbia and thanked the entire state leadership for the very good cooperation

H.E. DEMETRIOS A. THEOPHYLACTOU Outgoing ambassador of Cyprus to Serbia

After three years of service in Belgrade, Mr. Demetrios A. Theophylactou, Ambassador of the Republic of Cyprus to Serbia, is leaving the Serbian capital. On that occasion, a farewell reception was held on 12 May 2023, attended by numerous dignitaries from Serbia’s public, cultural, and political life and representatives of the diplomatic corps. Mr. Theophylactou was posted in Belgrade in December 2020

H.E. PHILIPPE DONCKEL

Non-resident ambassador of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg to the Republic of Serbia

H.E. SIAN MACLEOD British Ambassador to Serbia

During her farewell visit to the Serbian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, British ambassador to Serbia, H.E. Sian MacLeod, said: “Official ‘farewell calls’ are a time-honored diplomatic ritual - a chance to look back at events, review cooperation, reflect upon relationships, and take formal leave of people you have worked with closely over the course of several years.

At the end of May, the First Vice-President of the Government of Serbia and the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Ivica Dacic, received the Ambassador of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, Philip Donkel, for a farewell visit, whom he thanked for intensifying the political dialogue and overall bilateral relations between the Republic of Serbia and the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. During his tenure, the ambassador made a significant contribution to attracting Luxembourg companies to invest in the field of high technology in Serbia.

H.E. KIMMO LÄHDEVIRTA Outgoing Ambassador Of Finland To Serbia

The Finnish government has appointed Niklas Lindqvist as the new ambassador, who will take up the position on September 1, 2023. Lindqvist will come to the position in Belgrade from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Finland, where he has worked as an adviser and director of the sector for Russia since 2018.

H.E. AIDA SMAJIĆ

Outgoing ambassador of Bosnia and Herzegovina to Serbia

Ambassador of Bosnia and Herzegovina to Serbia, H.E. Aida Smajić, is set to leave Belgrade. On that occasion, the ambassador paid farewell to the Serbian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. She thanks Mr. Ivica Dačić, first deputy of the Government of Serbia and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, for his cooperation and very good reception in Serbia during her mandate.

© Dario Konstantinović

19 APRIL 2023

“Odlar Yurdu, Azərbaycan – Azerbaijan, the land of Fire” exhibition

The exhibition “Odlar Yurdu, Azərbaycan – Azerbaijan – the Land of Fire,” organized as part of the Culture Day of Azerbaijan in Belgrade, and dedicated to the Azerbaijani cultural heritage, was opened in the Palace of Arts “Madlena” with a display of some of the pearls of the culture of this Eurasian county. In his welcoming speech, the Ambassador of Azerbaijan, H.E. Kamil Khasiyev, expressed his gratitude to the collaborators who helped organize the exhibition, emphasizing that special thanks go to the artists and musicians for their talent and dedication.

“National art, national music, and national dances are a vivid expression of centuries-old cultural and artistic traditions of the people of Azerbaijan. They speak the universal language of beauty, harmony, and humanism”, said Khasiyev. The land of fire, the temples of many religions, the wonderful nature, and the fusion of East and West showed all its magnificence through the concert of the State Ensemble of Azerbaijani Song and Dance by Fikret Amirov, whose presentation to the Belgrade audience marked the beginning of the three-day exhibition. Combining national music, choreography, and storytelling, this ensemble demonstrated the rootedness of Azerbaijanis in ancient heritage and history.

25 MAY 2023

Azerbaijan’s Independence Day Celebrated with Dignified Reception in Belgrade

The Republic of Azerbaijan celebrated its Independence Day with a formal event in Belgrade, hosted by H.E. Kamil Khasiyev, the ambassador of Azerbaijan to Serbia. In honor of Azerbaijan’s Independence Day, an official reception was organized in Belgrade, highlighting the mutual respect between Serbia and Azerbaijan.

Celebrated annually on May 28th, this year’s celebration was organized at the Hyatt Regency Hotel on May 25th.

Among the notable attendees were Nikola Selakovic, the Minister of Labour, Employment, Veteran and Social Affairs, and other members of the diplomatic corps in Belgrade. In addition to the political figures, the event welcomed members of the Azerbaijani community residing, working, and studying in Serbia. Media representatives also attended, ensuring the commemorative event received its deserved coverage.

22 APRIL 2023

IWC April Coffee Morning hosted in Mexican Residence

On April 21st Residence of the Ambassador of Mexico, hosted by the Embassy of Mexico and IWC President and Spouse of the Ambassador of Mexico Eun Hai Kim, organized IWC April Coffee Morning. During the event, it was announced that IWC General Assembly is scheduled on May 19th at Metropole Palace Hotel, one of the club’s most important meetings. The IWC charity funds donation signing ceremony is scheduled on May 4th at Hyatt Hotel, while IWC Charity Bazaar is scheduled on December 3rd at Hyatt Hotel as well. At the end of the event, a presentation of Pinata was presented, as well as the chance to attempt to break the Pinata. Guests also enjoyed learning Mexican folk dance before tasting an array of delicious Mexican treats.

20 APRIL 2023

Wreaths laid at the Armenian khachkar in Zemun Park

Ashot Hovakimian, ambassador of the Republic of Armenia in Serbia, and representatives of the Armenian community in our country laid wreaths at the Armenian khachkar in Zemun park, in front of the church of the Holy Archangels Michael and Gabriel. The Armenian khachkar – a stone cross, is a symbol of Serbian-Armenian friendship, but also the gratitude of the Armenian people to the seven members of the RViPVO who died in 1988 while transporting humanitarian aid to Armenia, which suffered in an earthquake.

8 MAY 2023

IWC charity funds donation to help mitigate the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic

IWC charity funds donation ceremony was held at the Hyatt Belgrade Hotel. The focus of this year’s IWC Charity fund was to provide resources for projects that aim to help mitigate the negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the vulnerable populations in Serbia. From January until the end of February 2023, we invited Serbian organizations and associations to submit projects according to our guidelines which we (the Charity Committee) defined together with the IWC Board of Directors. With a crisis like the COVID-19 pandemic, it is the poorest and most vulnerable communities that suffer the worst effects. We wanted to provide aid to the most vulnerable people in Serbia affected by this pandemic. Thanks to numerous participating embassies and visitors to our last IWC Charity Bazaar, and thanks to many sponsors and donors, we were able to divide almost 3 Mio. Dinars among various projects. Our goal was not only meeting the Covid 19 relief guidelines but also finding projects from different local areas, which have different beneficiaries, are sometimes maybe even too small to be seen by big donor organizations, or are worth starting with because we see a big potential in the future.

Italian Embassy, UN Serbia, and Government of Serbia Join Forces to Support Youth Activism

The new project offers leadership training & peer mentoring to increase youth participation, promote human rights & give a voice to young people. The Embassy of Italy in Belgrade, the UN system, and the Government of Serbia have joined forces to kick off the joint United Nations project “Peer Mentoring Program for promoting human rights, gender equality and increased youth participation in Serbia.” This project is supported by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of the Italian Republic – Directorate General for Europe and International Trade Policy and implemented jointly by UNFPA and UN Women. The purpose of the event was to mark the beginning of this important project initiative, bring together key partners to advocate jointly for greater youth engagement in Serbia, and give voice to young people.

17 MAY 2023

Air Serbia launches Chicago flights

11 MAY 2023

Reception on the occasion of launching new Belgrade – Cairo flights

The Embassy of the Arab Republic of Egypt organised the reception on the occasion of launching the new Belgrade – Cairo flights by Serbian national airline Air Serbia. H.E. Bassel Salah, at his residency in Belgrade, welcomed top managers from Air Serbia, media representatives, and many guests.

20

APRIL 2O23

CEO gathering of Slovenian Business Club in Serbia

The Slovenian Business Club, in cooperation with its members Dragon Maritime Group and Terramagica, organized a very successful CEO gathering on April 20 in the wonderful and pleasant environment of the Klub Privrednik. The aim of the event was to bring together general managers and owners of companies that are members of the Slovenian Business Club to share ideas and experiences and get to know each other better. First of all, the president of the Slovenian Business Club, Danijela Fišakov, thanked everyone who attended this meeting, Mr. Drakulic for his hospitality and the host of the meeting, Dragon Maritime Group, and Terramagica for the organization. She pointed out that this is the jubilee, the twentieth year of existence, and proudly noted that the Club represents a significant and influential factor in business circles in Serbia and Slovenia, as well as that Serbian companies are always welcome in

With flight JU506 from Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport on May 17th, Air Serbia resumed service between Belgrade and Chicago after a 30-year hiatus. Direct flights between the Serbian capital and the “Windy City” will be operated twice a week, on Wednesdays and Saturdays, which will be boosted to three weekly flights starting from 12 June, on Mondays as well. Airbus A330-200, from the Serbian national airline’s wide-body fleet, will be deployed on the route. The ceremony for Air Serbia’s inaugural flight to Chicago was attended by President of the Republic of Serbia Aleksandar Vučić, Deputy PM and Minister of Finance Siniša Mali, Minister of Construction, Transport and Infrastructure Goran Vesić, Mayor of Belgrade Aleksandar Šapić, U. S. Ambassador in Serbia, H.E. Christopher R. Hill, as well as representatives of the Serbian national airline, the aviation industry, and the media.

president and founder

Slovenia. Mr.

in addition to the thank-you note, congratulated on the anniversary and then referred to the cooperation between Slovenia and Serbia and pointed out that Slovenian companies are always welcome in Serbia, as well as that Slovenia is an intensive investor. Mr. Zoran Drakulić, the president of the Privednik Club, spoke and welcomed all present members with great pleasure, adding that Slovenian companies are always welcome in the Klub Privednik.

Erich Cossutta,

of Dragon Maritime Group,

“Flowers, welcome to our city” project presented in Belgrade

On the occasion of World Bee Day on May 20, which was declared by the UN General Assembly on December 20, 2017, at the proposal of Slovenia, the Embassy of Slovenia in Belgrade, organized by BeeCenter and its partner, the Embassy of the Netherlands in Belgrade, with the support of the Secretariat for Environmental Pro-

The coronation of King Charles III was celebrated in Belgrade

Yesterday, the British Embassy in Belgrade celebrated the coronation of King Charles III with a reception at the residence of Ambassador Sian MacLeod. Due to the tragic events that rocked Serbia last week, the embassy had previously canceled the official viewing of the coronation ceremony and the picnic for the British living in Ser-

tection of the City of Belgrade, The Secretariat for Communal Affairs and Greenery of Belgrade, is starting the pilot project “Flowers, welcome to our city.” With this project, we present to the citizens a change in the way the grass is mowed in parks, which will bring a great acceleration of biodiversity in cities. With islands of uncut grass in parks, we will provide more food for all pollinators. The project also includes the installation of info boards where citizens will be able to get information about the project and the installation of a small hotel for insects as a new habitat for certain species, and during the year, students and professors of the Faculty of Biology in Belgrade will monitor the impact of the new method of mowing for which we are sure it will be successful and bring even more parks with this method of mowing because the low-cut grass is a desert for all the pollinators in the city.” – said Dejan Vladić, economic advisor at the Embassy of Slovenia. The importance of bees and other pollinators is of great importance to our future, to sustainable agriculture, the global food supply, and the eradication of hunger. Every third spoonful of food depends on pollination. The presentation of the project was held on April 27, 2023, in the Academic Park in Belgrade.

bia. The Belgrade reception included a significantly smaller number of guests, a different tone, and changed the protocol, including a suitable musical program prepared by the St. George Strings. The string players, with the support of Ambassador MacLeod, performed works by Elgar, Skoryk, and Handel. On Saturday, King Charles III became the 40th British monarch to be crowned at a ceremony in Westminster Abbey, attended by around 2.000 guests. More than 6.000 members of the British Armed Forces and nearly 400 of their colleagues from 35 Commonwealth countries participated in the London coronation ceremony and parade.

15 MAY 2023

Better together – the Youth of the EU with the youth of Serbia

The Delegation of the European Union to Serbia, Europa Nostra, and the European Union Youth Orchestra organized the solidarity concert of the European Union Youth Orchestra, “Better together – the Youth of the EU with the Youth of Serbia,” on Thursday, 18th May 2023 in Kolarac Endowment

The European Union Youth Orchestra was founded by a unanimous vote of the European Parliament in 1976. European Cultural Brand of the Year 2020, the Orchestra will perform in Belgrade as part of its 2023 spring tour. The concert will be jointly hosted by the Delegation of the European Union to the

17 MAY 2023

Celebrating MERITA - A Praise of European Musical and Cultural Heritage

In a grand display of support for the rich and diverse cultural heritage of Europe, the Ambassador of Italy, Luca Gori, hosted a reception at his residence in Belgrade on May 17. This special event was held in collaboration with the Belgrade Heritage Forum, in partnership with EUROPA NOSTRA, to promote the European project MERITA.

MERITA, an acronym merging Music, cultural heritage, and talent, is a pioneering initiative fostering the visibility and recognition of emerging European string quartets. It’s an innovative bridge connecting music, culture, and talent, celebrating the unique blend that characterizes European culture. The project’s key work is the creation of a digital platform, accelerating increased exposure and distribution of the work of these talented quartets across the continent and beyond.

The event marked not just a promotion of the MERITA project but also a celebration of the shared cultural heritage and talent across Europe. It reflected the vision of fostering a space where talent can shine, heritage is preserved, and the music continues to unite.

Republic of Serbia and Europa Nostra: the European voice of civil society committed to cultural heritage.

In view of the recent tragic events in Serbia, this concert symbolised the solidarity the youth of the EU shares with the youth of Serbia. The EU Delegation has taken the decision to offer tickets to the concert free of charge, primarily to young Serbian audiences. A change to the planned tour programme, with the addition of Isidora Žebeljan’s Dark Velvet (in Memory of Gustav Mahler), occurred. The performance of this work, proposed personally by our soloist and conductor, Daniel Rowland, will be preceded by a minute’s silence in homage to those who lost their lives in tragic massacres in Serbia.

18 MAY 2023

Norway’s Constitution Day celebrated in Belgrade

In celebration of the Kingdom of Norway’s Constitution Day, an official reception was organized at the residence of the Norwegian Ambassador on Wednesday, May 17th. This prestigious event was graced with the attendance of an impressive assembly of esteemed guests. “This celebration is not only related to national identity and tradition. For Norwegians, this day is also about democratic values and their role in shaping our future in a constantly changing world”, said H.E. Jørn Eugene Gjelstad, Ambassador of Norway to Serbia.

Given that yesterday’s celebration was the last celebration of Constitution Day during his mandate in Serbia, Ambassador Gjelstad

24 MAY 2023

Georgian fusion cuisine at the Gala dinner

On the occasion of the 32nd Anniversary of the Restoration of Statehood and Independence of Georgia, a Gala dinner was organised at Belgrade’s Hyatt Hotel. Mr. Ilia Koberidze, chief of the Belgrade representative office of the Embassy of Georgia in Athens, and his spouse, Gvantsa Kesheleva, welcomed many members of the diplomatic corps and Georgian friends from Serbia. Guests were treated to excellent Georgian fusion cuisine by Vako Vashakashvili, one of the top Georgian fusion cuisine masters who introduces modern cooking techniques into original Georgian flavors yet retains unforgettable traditional taste.

briefly reflected on all the important events and successful cooperation between the two countries in the past period. Among other things, he mentioned important Norwegian-Serbian projects during the COVID-19 pandemic, the regional international conference in the field of energy, the visit of President Aleksandar Vučić to Norway in November last year, the initiatives of the Nordic embassies in the area of the circular economy and the green agenda and announced the visit of the Norwegian Minister of Defence in the fall of this year.

In his speech, the ambassador once again expressed his sincere regret for the recent tragic events – mass murders in the “Vladislav Ribnikar” elementary school and around Mladenovac and Smederevo and announced the active participation of Norwegian experts in the field of mass trauma, violence, and psycho-social therapies in working with the team experts from Serbia. He then called for a minute of silence in memory and honour of the victims, their families, and friends.

The reception began with the performance of the Norwegian and Serbian national anthems. Then the String Quartet of the Belgrade Philharmonic performed Edvard Grieg’s Holberg Suite. As the celebration unfolded, guests were further delighted by the rhythmic melodies of Milovan Paunovic‘s jazz quartet.

30 MAY 2023

Croatian Statehood Day celebrated in Belgrade

In honor of the Republic of Croatia’s Statehood Day, Ambassador Hidajet Biščević hosted a distinguished gathering at the famous “Careva ćuprija” restaurant in Belgrade.

This distinctively unique gathering saw the participation of a variety of delegates from the diplomatic corps, along with notable people from Serbia’s public, cultural, political, religious, and media sectors.

25 MAY 2023

NALED Sets Ambitious Reform Priorities for Economic Growth in the Western Balkans

Collaborative efforts, fiscal discipline, and digital innovation are spotlighted as strategic priorities for the upcoming year, demonstrating a shared commitment to regional prosperity and advancement.

In the annual Assembly of the National Alliance for Local Economic Development (NALED), key reform priorities for the upcoming year have been set. These priorities include eGovernment Development, Public Finance Improvement, and Streamlined Regulatory Processes. This was revealed by the president of the Managing Board, Vladislav Cvetković, who emphasized the organization’s commitment to resolving long-standing property issues, healthcare digitization, fostering biotechnology development, and maintaining environmental protection, with a particular focus on wastewater management and innovative recycling systems.

The Croatian Statehood Day, as decreed by the government led by Prime Minister and President of the Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ) Andrej Plenković, has been officially celebrated since 2020. The day marks the establishment of the first democratically elected multi-party Parliament in the Republic of Croatia on May 30, 1990.

Serbia Renews Commitment to Strengthen Historic Ties with Africa on Africa Day

Serbia’s First Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs, Ivica Dačić, highlights the enduring alliance shaped by anti-colonial struggles and emphasizes cooperation for a prosperous future

Speaking at the Palace of Serbia on Africa Day, Ivica Dačić, Serbia’s First Deputy Prime Minister, and Minister of Foreign Affairs, expressed the country’s renewed dedication to strengthening its historical ties with Africa. He emphasized the importance of nurturing this time-tested alliance, which was shaped by past anti-colonial and liberation struggles.

“Proclaiming May 25 as the Day of Friendship with the Peoples of Africa in Serbia, at my suggestion, is a symbolic way to show our commitment to deepening cooperation with the African continent,” said Dačić.

He saluted the role of African nations in upholding Serbia’s territorial integrity and sovereignty. He indicated that Serbia has consistently supported decolonization and the liberation of oppressed peoples, with no hidden agendas in African nations:

“Serbia has always and in all ways helped the fight for decolonization and the liberation of oppressed people. As in the past, as in today, Serbia does not have any hidden agendas in Africa and African countries. Through my personal actions, I design and implement, I dare say, ambitious African tours. I am convinced that in this way, through direct contacts, we are opening new horizons of cooperation and directing it towards areas of mutual interest.”

The Serbian leader also expressed his country’s bid to host EXPO 2027 as the “African candidate”, aiming to provide logistical and conceptual support to African countries participating in the exhibition. Promoting Serbia’s candidacy for re-election to the UNESCO

Executive Council (2023-2027), Dačić stressed Serbia’s advocacy for comprehensive and substantial support to UNESCO Africa, stating that the well-being of African countries ultimately benefits the entire organization.

He concluded his speech by celebrating the enduring spirit of freedom that unites Serbia and Africa, anticipating an even stronger confidence in each other in the future.

Addressing the audience, H.E. Mohammed Amine Belhaj, Ambassador of The Kingdom of Morocco to Serbia, the Dean of the African Group of Ambassadors, and Heads of Mission accredited to Serbia, expressed the group’s appreciation for the enduring friendship between Africa and Serbia.

Ambassador Belhaj began his address by extending condolences to the victims of two recent tragic shootings and wishes for a swift recovery for those injured.

Commending Serbia’s commitment to its ties with Africa, Belhaj expressed deep gratitude to Ivica Dačić and his team for their efforts in reinforcing the bonds between Africa and Serbia. He recalled the declaration made in 2017, during Dačić’s previous tenure, that recognized May 25th as the Day of Friendship between Serbia and Africa.

Highlighting the enduring bond between Africa and Serbia, Ambassador Belhaj mentioned Belgrade’s invaluable assistance to many African nations during their struggles against colonialism and in their nation-building efforts:

“These solid bonds of friendship are based essentially on the mutual respect that has always prevailed between us, the invaluable support that Belgrade offered to many African countries in their struggle to end colonialism and build their nations, and of course, the noble principles and values of the Non-Aligned Movement.”

The Ambassador noted the 60th anniversary of the Organization of African Unity (OAU), established on May 25th, 1963, with a vision of an independent, integrated, prosperous, and peaceful Africa.

Belhaj further highlighted the significance of the African Continental Free Trade Area (ACFTA), established in 2018. With an ambitious goal to create a single market for goods and services encompassing nearly 1.3 billion people, ACFTA aims to foster economic and social integration across the continent.

Ambassador Belhaj identified this pact as an opportunity for Serbia to deepen its historical ties with Africa, advocating for partnerships based on a win-win approach prioritizing the welfare and sustainable development of the people.

The ambassador concluded by quoting Serbian-born inventor Nikola Tesla, underscoring his belief in the potential of Africa: “The future belongs to Africa.”

ABOUT THE SERIAL

This serial is based on the intriguing book “Diplomacy at the Table”, written by the Croatian diplomat Hidajet Biščević, who reviewed and edited the original manuscript and selected the most interesting records, especially for our magazine.

As of this issue, you will read many interesting sto-

ries from real diplomacy that were told at the tables brimming with interesting food and surrounded by even more interesting politicians and diplomats from around the world.

His Excellency, Mr Biščević, is the ambassador of the Republic of Croatia to Serbia. He lives with his family in Belgrade.

SECOND CHAPTER

Bloody Cartography of an Ordinary Ukrainian Borsch

Allegedly, the famous Talleyrand was the first top-class diplomat who noted that “if you want to draw something out of your counterpart, get something from him, first you need to put something in – to fill his belly.”

Regardless of Talleyrand said, this could have been the French response to the custom of the concurrent English court, at the time of Queen Anne, when the respect of the crown was secured by magnificent banquets for foreign guests, so legends about these feasts were carried by diplomatic carriages on the dusty roads between the European courts. Allegedly, even that impostor Henry the Eighth and François the First, that fine Renaissance restorer, also used to try to resolve their personal and political differences and discordant English-French duels with the enormous feasts at huge, massive court tables. Of course, if the negotiations failed, the feasts would turn into wars, the harps would be replaced by war trumpets and coffins would be made from the boards of those fabulous court tables, coffins for the poor conscripted commoners, hungry, anyway, on both sides.

I didn’t know why, at the time I wrote these notes in 1996, why these reminiscences and metaphors came to my mind at all, and why in Ukraine, why in Kyiv, why in the ceremonial hall of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, at the top of that huge curved yellow-brown building on the main square. And who knows why they popped up over the traditional, ordinary, regular Ukrainian - borsch. Even more unusual was that there were no Henry-the-Eight-like impostors around, horizons were calm, we came for the usual, regular consultations, and no side wanted to extract anything by filling up our bellies.

I would realize that subconscious reminiscences only 26 years later, when the Russian invasion of Ukraine started, in early spring 2022.

We were received by the Minister, Hennadiy Yusupovich Udovenko who was, at the time, still Gennadiy, the version of his name in Russian. The “Ukrainization” will come 26 years later. Hennadiy was a large, broad man, looking as if he had no time to adapt his body to the historical changes of the scen-

ery. In a sense, his overall appearance was of the old “apparatchik” with a new Boss tie.

But, he was a well-intended man, smiling, good-natured. Anyway, he later made an international carrier, elevating himself to post the President of the General Assembly of the United Nations. Inevitably, one compares…Ukraine, at the top of the UN, 1996…and, rolling the years, coming to Ukraine 2022. Nothing more unfortunate has been seen in Europe for almost one century! This was nothing but the violent attempt to pull the country into the unwanted direction, to the East, or to divide it - repetition of the postWW2 fate of Central Europe. Shocking!

Well, back to the past. After the benevolent talks, Hennadiy escorted us to the top of that building for a usual lunch in the restaurant or the Ministry’s canteen. The oak-clad walls and the smell reminiscent of the Soviet era, that unforgettable odour of communism, still in the air even years after the Fall. The table is huge and rectangular, they must have been like that in the courts during the time of

Kievan Rus, they must have entertained Polish, Swedish and Ottoman nobles and viziers in the times when the big geopolitics of that time flowed through these steppes and when this country was at its peak...as I, soaked in the fogs of Ukrainian history and relations with big powers of different epochs, lightly knocked on the door of the question that was in the air even back then: what the future might bring? OK, I thought, they have some heavy tools, like gas transportation routes, they have some cards in the sleeve, but there was that feeling that the country is exposed, floating on the great unknown sea of broader geopolitical games, even at that time, plus greatly divided inside.

And, whilst images of feasts and geopolitics were swirling in my head, they brought Ukrainian soup, borsch - a simple and ordinary dish and yet also a complex one. Like the country? Well, perhaps a possible sign, I thought, looking at the clay pot that was too hot to touch and tall enough to retain heat for a long time – there it was, a dark, red borsch, made of beet, with bloody colour pre-

When you need to negotiate with someone, feed them well. A good old rule of diplomacy!

SERIAL: DIPLOMACY AT THE TABLE

vailing. I don’t think I could ever forget the bloody colour of that borsch. The year was 1996.

But the cook must have been too zealous or afraid that the borsch might be too weak, thin, without “strength”, so he must have put too much fat on the pan in which he fried the onions and later added those dozens of sorts of meat and vegetables. So, laid in front of us, there was a clay bowl of bloody red soup with small white islands of cooled, thickened fat on the surface. The year was 1996. It was not at all clear to me why I was so upset, what I could make of that borsch, what metaphor, why I was nervous? But it stayed with me for decades – the bloody surface, white islands. Twenty-six years later, it reappeared as a sorrowful cartography of the war.

Hennadiy sensed that something was in the air, that we might start with polite, but somewhat intrusive questions… you know, we noticed your undefined position between the Union and Russia, we noticed internal divisions, we noted the lack of national dialogue.

So, as to avoid possible uncomfortable questions, he resorted to the borsch stories. At the time, he didn’t and couldn’t know that this was exactly what his own country was doing, avoiding questions, whilst Henry the Eight was probably already considering future acts.

Hennadiy knew, better than us, that these islands of white fat have no place floating on top of the borsch….discomfort was visible on his face, he was looking at his assistants as if wanting to say bring me that cook, he embarrassed me, he embarrassed all of us…bring him here…or, no, I will wait for him to come at the end to get the appraisals...then I will strangle him with this Boss tie.

Of course, it wasn’t that tight, but we came to the rescue from our side. “Very interesting dish, I admit, I’m eating borsch for the first time,” said the Minister from our side. “It should probably be so greasy on top, right… tradition?” Dear God, he wanted to save the poor guy in

the kitchen, but he ruined everything! But luckily, Hennadiy must have been so nervous and furious that the arrow flew past him, and he wretchedly grasped at the straw and began to explain the Great Secret of Borsch as if he had just been appointed the Head Curator of Borsch Museum in Kyiv.

Well, for a start, you need to prepare everything - cut the beef into cubes, carrots into slices, chop the parsley, celery, onions, cabbage, cucumbers, beets... The inevitable and most important beets followed by potatoes, tomatoes and dill. Dried, you know, to relax in the hot stock, then salt, pepper... He sounded like a master of that poor cook in the basement! He was listing it all with the precision of a watchmaker as if the absence of just one ingredient would stop all the clocks of the world. Then he mentions how his mother and great-grandmother and her great-grandmother used lard while the meat was cooking, prepared

Surely, he was trying to avoid talking about the future. And he knew we understood that. If anyone, we knew what it is to be faced with the unknown, with a possibly terrible future. So, we understood why he wouldn’t give up. Buy time, and avoid questions. An old diplomatic trick... He continued to pull recipes from his sleeve. Have you heard about horokvika, a stewsoup in which peas are the main ingredient? Have you heard of cabbage borsch? What about borsch with finely chopped pieces of kidney stewed on onion? No end in sight!

But, at the moment, he got our attention. This is pure art - OK, not really borsch, but one of our true delicacies. I still remember how my mother was preparing it, he was eager to explain it to us. In the morning, she would cook the whole, big head of cabbage in salted water. In the meantime, she would prepare minced meat - you know, onion, meat, salt and pepper, waiting until the meat releases its juice.

have been afraid of, but describing his country by talking so much about the borsch and that huge cabbage filled with layers of meat? We went back home… in my mind, staring at the dark sky from the small window of the plane, it really was a story of the country, which, in a sense, at that time, resembled the borsch: seemingly clear, but actually very complicated. The combination of opposites, strange accumulation of ingredients, and a mixture of differences, even at that time resembled a plate of borsch at the geopolitical table of Europe.

onions and then slowly added finely chopped cabbage, carrots and other vegetables of eternal poverty. Because, this dish, ordinary and yet unusual, is actually a collection of everything that poor homesteads could provide in cold wastelands and meagre yards.

Nothing could stop Hennadiy, he knew the future might be disturbing, he wanted to avoid talking about it, the borsch story was like whistling in the dark, a substitute for the perhaps terrible unknown.

Oh, that’s where the true art begins. Mother starts to separate the leaves of the boiled cabbage head, one by one, putting them aside, until she would come to the very core. Then the process would go back - yes, meat over the core, the leaf over the meat, the meat over the leaf, all the way, until we kids would be fascinated with a huge cabbage head hiding meat between the leaves. Was it indirectly trying to send us a message?

Avoiding talking about the unknown future that he might

Hinnadiy left to take the UN post, not much later on. As much as I could, I followed the kitchen of politics in the country - changes of governments, revolutions of changing colours, the country torn between extended periods of negligence from the West and ravenousness from the East. Even when I worked in Kyiv for some time, during the post-Maydan days, when walking down the Hreschatuk street to the square, between the lines of already demolished tents, I thought how the whole scenery was some unrealistic mixture of Woodstock and Hell’s Angels party, with what remained of sincere pro-democratic groups and the blacked dressed members of Banderists whom I would try to avoid in their nights patrolling, and who were given the task to try to revive inner national dialogue in the divided country. Too late, I thought at the time. I witnessed the disintegration, I witnessed the first incursions of the “green man” across the border, then Crimea and…

Almost ten years have passed since I was there. And, incredibly, twenty-six years have passed since that lunch. I can still see that hot clay of bloody-coloured borsch with white lard islands floating around.

What a terrible cartography of the war!

95 years of Rotary in Serbia

ly and partner Rotary clubs worldwide, as well as the international Rotary Foundation, which provides the majority of the funds.

also because supporting education is a guarantee for the future.

This year, the Rotary community celebrated 95 years since the establishment of the first Rotary club in Serbia. On this occasion, we are speaking with the Governor of Rotary District 2483, which covers Serbia and Montenegro, Nikola Božić.

Nikola Božić is the director at the Faculty of Applied Ecology in Belgrade, senior education consultant at the “Franklin Covey Serbia”, and expert in space diplomacy at Diplo Foundation. He was decorated by the French Republic with the medal as the knight in Order of Academic Palms for his activities in scientific and educational cooperation between Serbia and France.

How did you commemorate such an important anniversary?

We marked our two significant anniversaries, the 95th anniversary of the first Rotary club’s establishment and the 30th anniversary of Rotary’s re-establishment in our region,

with a ceremonial program in February. This month also commemorates the founding of the entire Rotary organization in 1905. The first Rotary club in the world was established in Chicago in 1905, while the first Rotary club in Belgrade was founded in 1928. However, Rotary clubs ceased to operate during World War II and were re-established only between 1992 and 1995, following the revival of the civil sector.

What is more important than the anniversary itself is our contribution to the development of the local community. Over the past three years, Rotary clubs have provided $1.5 million through projects aimed at supporting our country. These projects have primarily focused on providing essential equipment to hospitals, maternity wards, and in vitro fertilization centers, as well as modern ICT and STEM educational equipment for schools, and furniture for kindergartens.

This support to our communities is significant. How did you achieve it?

Rotary clubs conceptualize the projects, while financial support comes from our friend-

In the case of our country, these projects have been supported over the past three years by the United States Agency for International Development through the “Hearts of Europe” program. Therefore, we recently discussed these results with the U.S. Ambassador to Serbia, His Excellency Christopher Hill, and presented him with ideas for the future humanitarian projects.

What are some of the most valuable projects you have successfully implemented?

We are particularly proud of our international projects, through which numerous schools have received mBot robots and educational drones. A few years ago, we also donated laptop computers and other ICT equipment to the schools. Thanks to these projects, we have created a stimulating environment

As an example of investment in collective memory, science, and education, we are particularly proud of our donation to the Belgrade Botanical Garden, which enabled the creation of a monument dedicated to Jevrem Obrenović, after whom this institution is named. The monument was unveiled during the celebration of the 169th anniversary of the Faculty of Biology in Belgrade in September 2022. With this gesture, we emphasized the importance of academic institutions and left a lasting trace of Rotary’s support to the community in which we live.

Your Rotary year is coming to an end, but that doesn’t mean the end of support where it is needed.

That’s correct. In Rotary, all positions, both in clubs and governorships, as well as the President of Rotary International, last for one year. This allows us to constantly receive new

THE FIRST ROTARY CLUB IN BELGRADE WAS FOUNDED IN 1928

for quality STEM education for young students, enabling them to gain scientific, technological, engineering, and mathematical knowledge. We should not forget the involvement of Rotary clubs in several cities during the collective fight against COVID-19.

Education seems to have been a focus of your term as the Governor of Rotary District?

Indeed. Perhaps it’s due to my professional orientation, but

energy and ideas. However, we all remain dedicated to our mission and supporting the local community.

Personally, I am proud to have served as Governor during the year of the first woman to lead Rotary International, Jennifer Jones. Her leadership brought new energy and a different perspective. She contributed to making us energetic and proactive here in Serbia and Montenegro. Now we pass on the energy to our successors.

Over the past three years, Rotary clubs have provided $1.5 million through projects aimed at supporting our country

NIKOLA BOŽIĆ

the Governor of Rotary District 2483, which covers Serbia and Montenegro

China Needs Foreign Workers. So Why Won’t It Embrace Immigration?

Opposition to multiculturalism is fuelled, in part, by claims of racial purity

For hundreds of years China could boast of having more people than any other country. The title became official in the 1950s, when the UN began compiling such data. Such a large population conferred on China certain bragging rights. A huge labour supply also helped to boost its annual GDP growth, which has averaged close to 9% over the past three decades.

Last month China’s reign came to an end. India has overtaken it as the world’s most populous country. The demographic trends behind the shift have troubling implications for the new number two. China’s working-age population has been shrinking for a decade (see chart). Its population as a whole declined last year—and it is ageing rapidly. This is likely to hinder economic growth and create an enormous burden of care.

Yet when officials in Beijing mull solutions, one seems largely absent from the discussion: immigration. China has astonishingly few foreign-born residents. Of its 1.4bn people, around 1m, or just 0.1%, are immigrants. That compares with shares of 15% in America, 19% in Germany and 30% in Australia. Place it next to that of other Asian countries which also shun immigration and China’s total still looks measly. Foreigners constitute 2% of Japan’s population and 3% of South Korea’s. Even North Korea has a higher

proportion of immigrants than China, according to the UN.

China’s future economic and social needs resemble those that have made other societies recruit

lack of staff. Over 80% of manufacturers faced labour shortages in 2022, according to one survey. Nearly half of China’s 400m blue-collar workers are aged over 40, reported a study in December.

guest workers. In January the government released a list of 100 occupations, such as salesperson and cleaner, where there is a

That is in line with an official estimate that China will have trouble filling nearly 30m manufacturing jobs by 2025.

An abundance of young and cheap workers once filled these openings. But as China ages and shrinks that supply of willing labour is drying up. Firms complain of a mismatch between the jobs sought by young people, an increasing number of whom have university degrees, and those available. Many young Chinese do not want to work in factories, laments China Daily, a party mouthpiece. That helps explain why nearly 20% of 16- to 24-year-olds in cities are unemployed.

China could make better use of its existing population. The country is under-urbanised and its rural residents under-educated by advanced-economy standards. Higher pay and fewer curbs on internal migration would certainly help. But even young migrants from rural areas seem less inclined than in the past to travel to cities for blue-collar work.

In many other countries immigrants do the jobs that pay too little to attract locals. Immigrants have also helped to ease the burden where populations are ageing. Japan, for example, has allowed foreign nurses to tend to its seniors. China faces an even greater challenge in this regard. Unlike Japan, it has not grown rich before growing old, and will have soaring bills for health and social care.

China admits that it needs more young people. The government

CHINA HAS ASTONISHINGLY FEW FOREIGN-BORN RESIDENTS. OF ITS 1.4BN PEOPLE, AROUND 1M, OR JUST 0.1%, ARE IMMIGRANTS. THAT COMPARES WITH SHARES OF 15% IN AMERICA, 19% IN GERMANY AND 30% IN AUSTRALIA

has tried to coax citizens to have more babies—to little avail. Chinese women, on average, have less than 1.2 children, well below the 2.1 needed to keep the population stable.

In contrast, the state has made little effort to attract people from abroad. In 2016 it set up a threetiered, points-based system for employment-visa applicants.

The lowest tier, class C, includes those with relatively little education and work experience. These permits are difficult to obtain. “Encourage the top, control the middle and limit the bottom,” went a state slogan at the time the system was introduced.

Even those at the top face big obstacles, though. The country’s green-card system, introduced in 2004, is limited and complex. It was meant to save affluent or highly skilled foreign workers from having to reapply for a visa each year. In practice, only 11,000 or so ten-year residence permits were issued from 2004 to 2016, the last year such data were released. During that same period, America, with a quarter of China’s population, issued nearly 12m green cards.

Chinese racial purity long peddled by nationalists. Officials boast of a single Chinese bloodline dating back thousands of years. In 2017 Xi Jinping, China’s supreme leader, told Donald Trump, then America’s president: “We people are the original people, black hair, yellow skin, inherited onwards. We call ourselves the descendants of the dragon.”

That informs immigration and nationalisation policy. An overwhelming share of China’s green cards go to foreigners of Chinese ancestry. Similarly, foreign-born children of Chinese nationals get special treatment when applying to Chinese universities. The Thousand Talents programme to attract academics from abroad enrolled nearly 8,000 scientists and engineers from 2008 to 2018. All but 390 were Chinese-born

Then there is the one-child policy, which was ditched only in 2016. Couples may now have up to three children. Few want that many. But it may be difficult to convince a generation raised on—and scarred by—population control that high inflows of immigrants are desirable.

That is a shame. Looser immigration policies would not only help employers with labour shortages. They would also encourage innovation. Google, LinkedIn and Tesla were all co-founded by immigrants to America. But the bright young minds from abroad who study in China find it hard to get a visa upon graduation. Meanwhile, many Chinese students are studying in the West—and staying there.

Curiously, the main route to Chinese citizenship now seems

LOOSER IMMIGRATION POLICIES WOULD NOT ONLY HELP EMPLOYERS WITH LABOUR SHORTAGES. THEY WOULD ALSO ENCOURAGE INNOVATION. GOOGLE, LINKEDIN AND TESLA WERE ALL CO-FOUNDED BY IMMIGRANTS TO AMERICA

returnees, according to the Brookings Institution, a thinktank in America.

Since then China has established a national immigration agency and tried to ease the application process for residency. But the threshold remains high: applicants must have invested at least $500,000 in a Chinese business for three consecutive years, be married to a Chinese citizen, have made or be making a significant contribution to the country, or possess skills that are especially needed. None of this will help Chinese manufacturers fill jobs.

LONG LIVE THE KIN

The simple truth is that China has no interest in becoming an immigrant melting pot. Part of this may be explained by foreign bullying of the country in the past. But opposition to multiculturalism is also fuelled by claims of

Citizenship is all but closed to foreigners, unless they are the children of Chinese nationals. Chinese green cards, unlike American ones, do not offer a path. China had only 16,595 naturalised citizens in total in 2020. Japan, meanwhile, naturalises around 7,000 new citizens each year. In America the number is over 800,000.

Public attitudes make it hard to be more open. In 2020 a proposal to ease the path to residency for rich or skilled foreigners faced a populist backlash, with men promising to protect Chinese women from immigrants. In general the state encourages a closed mindset. A national-security campaign warned Chinese women that their foreign boyfriends could be spies, while officials blame perceived social ills on “foreign influences”.

to be sporting excellence. Around a dozen footballers, most with no ancestral ties to China, were naturalised in 2019 and 2020 in a failed attempt to help the country reach the World Cup. Another handful of athletes, most with a parent born in China, got citizenship before the Winter Olympics in 2022. Labour shortages in less glamorous trades may soon force officials to consider admitting newcomers who will never win a medal.

From The Economist, published under licence. The original article, in English, can be found on www.economist.com

Photo: Female laborers work in a cloth factory that exports to European Union in Huaibei, Anhui province, East China © Shutterstock

We spoke with Dragan Šagovnović, Director General of the Economics Institute, about the geopolitical situation in Europe, its impact on the economic situation on the continent, the privatisation of EPS and the current neoliberal system.

Is Europe really experiencing an economic crisis? To what extent does the war in Ukraine affect other global stakeholders such as China or BRICS?

Europe is in long-term economic stagflation, which was further exacerbated by the pandemic, and then by the Ukrainian crisis. In addition, the current trends in the direction of defragmentation and deglobalisation do Europe no favours because

First, we have to help ourselves

maintaining economic activity is conditioned by exports.

Europe seems to have overlooked rather than anticipated geopolitical shifts. Let’s just take the example of the socalled green agenda. Europe has projected energy security on technologies which have not yet reached commercial maturity, while investing less in research and development than the global competitors It belatedly brought into focus the long-term risks associated with critical minerals fundamentally important to the decarbonisation process. Hence, it missed certain opportunities to secure access to its sources,

ropean Union now imports 98% of its rare earths, 97% of its lithium and 93% of its magnesium from China. In the coming decades, these gas and oil supply risks may become even greater than before. Europe has already clearly, and it seems, irretrievably lost its initial advantage in the global market of renewable energy sources. Today, almost 40% of all employees working in fields related to renewable energy sources are located in China, with a mere 11% in the EU. With the escalation of the Ukrainian crisis, the situation has become even more difficult. The EU’s problem has proved to be of a structural nature, i.e. the costs of production factors have be-

inflation in Europe than in other parts of the world. Inflation is practically non-existent in China. What’s more, China’s economy is currently in deflation, which is equally concerning.

How is Serbia dealing with the crisis which has spilt over from the global level? Are all the problems we are facing a consequence of that crisis or do we bear a certain degree of responsibility?

which in the meantime have become inaccessible. The Eu-

come even higher. This has all resulted in significantly higher

The slowdown in economic activity and inflation is largely a consequence of the imported crisis. The entire region is experiencing slightly higher inflation as a result of what probably were higher inflationary expectations and the determination of the economy to shift the cost burden of maintaining high-profit rates onto consumers. At the same time, companies in Serbia are additionally protected by the lower price of energy and labour compared to EU countries. One

DRAGAN ŠAGOVNOVIĆ

Co-owner and Director General of the Economics Institute Honorary Consul of Georgia in Serbia

EUROPE HAS PROJECTED ENERGY SECURITY ON TECHNOLOGIES THAT HAVE NOT YET REACHED COMMERCIAL MATURITY.

It seems that Europe has overlooked rather than anticipated geopolitical shifts

©

Goran Zlatković

example which illustrates this is that companies in Serbia have two times lower electricity costs compared to their EU27 counterparts. This ratio improved further in their favour in 2022 (48% compared to 41% in the first half of 2021). The explosion of gas prices was even more painful for the European economy. The price of gas for households increased by 35% and for businesses by as much as 109%. Practice shows that Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina benefited from a more relaxed position towards Russia. In both countries, the price of gas for businesses has increased by only 29% in the last year. In Serbia, the price of gas was on average the lowest in Europe. As with electricity, the price of gas in Serbia is approximately half that of the price of gas in Europe.

The Electric Power Industry of Serbia (EPS) was recently transformed into a joint-stock company. We have seen that the dissatisfaction among EPS employees is quite high and that many experts and the opposition parties are against this transformation. What is your view? Will it contribute to the company‘s recovery?

I think that, as a society, we have to be responsible towards EPS. It displeases me that hardly anyone today is willing to admit how much EPS has given to the economy and citizens of Serbia and how much it has contributed to the competitiveness of companies in Serbia and the standard of living of its citizens. I would also like to mention the attempt made by the Economic Institute a few years ago to demonstrate the average losses incurred since the year 2000 based on the implementation of social and economic policies through low electricity prices, to the detriment of EPS. The numbers are inexorable. They show that if we compare electricity prices in Serbia with the average prices in the countries of the former Yugoslavia, we have lost an average of approximately 0.5 billion euros a year, while if we compare those prices with the average price in the Energy Community, to which we belong, that loss amounts to almost 1 billion every year. If we multiply that by the number of years, we will

clearly see that EPS has given us more than the entire privatisation process of all companies and banks, more than all the donors, and so on. We have to be aware of that, and approach the plans for the future of EPS with the utmost care and concern.  In order for the transformation of EPS and its transition to a joint-stock company to serve its purpose, it should, primarily, entail the evolution of the state’s role from that of an irresponsible manager to a responsible owner. The ownership of such a company should have long-term developmental effects and not short-term political or populist ones. However, the attitude towards EPS has been the exact opposite for years. In my opinion, a transformation resulting in less state interference in the operational management of EPS is the only justified approach. Also, bearing in mind the specifics and importance of EPS, I am convinced that Serbia should rely on her own professional and educated resources in

As for us, I hope we finally come to our senses. That we will turn to ourselves and to growth based on our own interests. Unfortunately, I’m not so sure about that. In response to your previous question, I will also answer this one. Just look at the publicity given to the energy transition in all the media. Is it inevitable? It is! But at what pace to avoid compromising supply security? We have calculated the contribution of the regions of the world to the total cumulative GHG (greenhouse gas) emissions. Did you know that 47% of pollution comes from North America and the European Union? The contributions of Serbia and regional countries to pollution are insignificant. If we express this cumulative pollution per capita, we see that each citizen of Serbia has polluted the planet half as much as the EU average, and almost three times less than the average citizen of Germany, the Czech Republic, the United States or Great Britain. This should be our argument for much greater

which gives it far greater importance for our society. Have you succeeded in that and what is the institute‘s significance today?

That’s a difficult question. Firstly, I believe that building institutions does not mean only constructing new ones, but above all respecting the institutions we already have. I am convinced that national policy should be conducted based on long-term national documents. I also believe that long-term national documents should be drafted by domestic institutions and not by individuals gathered “under the umbrella” of foreign donors, foreign organisations or newly formed NGOs. I think that today, in these times of “knowledge shortage and excess self-confidence”, our institutions are insufficiently valued and utilised.

What message could you give us at the end of this interview?

the further development of EPS. We tend to forget that EPS was one of the first companies with an ‘imported’ management. And where have we ended up? That is why I always emphasise that the management of state-owned companies must consist of educated people from within the system, who have spent at least 15 years in it. Of managers who understand the system. I hold a similar stance when it comes to foreign consultants. In the previous period, we had practically only foreign consultants in EPS. How far did EPS go during the last year and a half?

Neglecting the public interest at the expense of the interests of large corporations and economic powers is characteristic of the global neoliberal system. Do you see an end to it or will it undergo some kind of transformation into a more humane form of economic governance than the current one?

The neoliberal concept has brought us into the situation we are in today. I am sorry to say that I see Europe as the biggest loser.

financial support from the EU in the green transition process, which that same developed part of the world that is most responsible for the pollution of the planet is pushing us to do. I would also like to remind you that the GDP per capita in the countries of the region stands between 32 and 48% compared to the EU average, which reduces the capacity of these countries to combat climate change. The share of coal in the production of electricity is almost 70% compared to the EU average of 16%, which significantly increases the costs of so-called decarbonisation. Don’t misunderstand me her, we should be moving in the direction of green energy, but not at the expense of compromising supply security and with much greater support from European funds. Simply put, the principles applied to EU countries should also be applied to those in the so-called Energy Community.

When you became the head of the Economics Institute, you devoted yourself to revitalising its scientific and research potential,

I would like us to be proud of who we are and to feel privileged to live here, in Serbia, today. Bad things have always happened, but they were not be the priority, the breaking news that causes unrest, fear, insecurity, anxiety and aggression as dominant national feelings. Serbia can be a country of good news. The front pages could be brimming with the good news that does exist. I am confident that banning the reporting of accidents and the publishing of unverified rumours and inappropriate content on the first and last pages of newspapers, news headlines and broadcasts would contribute more to the mental and moral recovery of the nation than any economic programme. And mental and moral recovery are prerequisites for any kind of revival, including an economic one. I believe that Serbia has a chance and that it has branches on which economic development can be based. Serbia has its own capacities to design its own economic development. Is there enough optimism for this? Optimism that radiates and generates good energy? Energy that “hypnotises circumstances” to work in favour of what is believed and desired? “In each of us, there is enough goodness to create heaven and enough evil to create hell.” Let’s turn Serbia into a heavenly place!

WE SHOULD MOVE TOWARDS GREEN ENERGY, BUT NOT AT THE EXPENSE OF COMPROMISING SUPPLY SECURITY.

MACROECONOMIC ANALYSIS AND TRENDS

The world economy is currently at a critical point

The global economic activity showed resilience to both the energy crisis and geopolitical upheavals and all the challenges from the previous year.

The conflict in Ukraine, which started earlier this year, had a decisive impact on the unfavourable prospects of global economic growth, especially in Europe. At the same time, inflationary pressures are weakening, now due to a sharp drop in the previously high prices of energy, raw materials and semi-finished

products, after economic sanctions were imposed on Russia, but also after a real drop in demand and recessionary pressures due to the global restrictiveness of monetary policy. The world economy - judging by numerous indicators - is currently at a critical point. On the other hand, there are also modest signs of stabilization in 2023

as China began to open up, and in general, global economic activity showed resilience to both the energy crisis and geopoliti-

IN

cal upheavals and all the challenges of the previous year. If the risks do not materialize in their most severe form, the recovery -

THE FIRST QUARTER OF 2023, THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA’S BUDGET RECORDED A DEFICIT OF 28.6 BILLION DINARS, WHICH IS SIGNIFICANTLY BETTER THAN THE PLAN FOR THIS PERIOD

From this issue, in cooperation with the Economics Institute and the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Serbia, Diplomacy&Commerce magazine publishes MAT Brief, an excerpt from the Macroeconomic Analysis and Trends newsletter. In addition to articles from The Economist magazine, the new MAT Brief will round off our offer of top-quality economy-related articles and analyses essential for the operations of every large company, which will assist top managers with making the right decisions for their company and employees.

albeit weak - would continue in this and the next year.

As for Serbia, according to the flash assessment of the State Statistics Office, the real growth of the country’s gross domestic product in the first quarter of 2023 compared to the same period of the previous year was 0.7%, with the tendency of an additional slowdown - estimated year-on-year real GDP growth for March fell to 0.3%. On the production side, the main positive contribution to GDP growth in the first quarter came from agricultural production, tourism and industry, while a decline was recorded in construction, commerce and the public sector (healthcare and education). The recovery of the energy sector continued. On the expenditure side, real GDP growth is driven by growth in private consumption, investments in fixed assets, as well as faster real growth in

exports than imports of goods and services.

In terms of external trade, the data also confirm slower dynamics, with the year-on-year growth of exports remaining in double digits, while the value of imports in both February and March of this year was lower than in the same months last year. Among other things, this could have been influenced by the calming down of certain import prices, which significantly increased in the second part of last year. In February, the value of external trade amounted to 6,422 million euros, and in March, 6,235 million euros, the export to import ratio went up from 69% in December last year to 80% in March 2023. For the first time in recent history, the current account of the balance of payments in two related months of January and February 2023 recorded a surplus, with the negative balance of payments amounting to only 111.8 million euros or 0.7% of GDP (a deficit of 1,532.2 million euros was recorded in the same period of the previous year). During this period, the net inflow of foreign direct investments increased by 39.6%. Foreign exchange reserves reached a new historical record of 21.6 billion euros at the end of April.

In the first quarter of 2023, the Republic of Serbia’s budget recorded a deficit of 28.6 billion dinars, which is significantly better than the plan for this period. Public debt is in a slight decline.

Inflation growth in March 2023 stopped at the level of the pre-

vious month, and that level is higher than earlier expectations and predictions. The National Bank of Serbia, therefore, continued to tighten its monetary policy, which affected the further growth of interest rates. However, this will not negatively affect financial stability for the time being, given the fact that the share of non-performing loans in total loans has dropped to a historic minimum of 3%.

As far as the forecast goes, we believe that the European economy, and thus Serbian, could return to pre-pandemic numbers in the medium term. The key risks are the following:

• the emergence of a new crisis in the global banking system, which would cause further tightening of financial policies. In practice, this means a drop in

mand for imports, which would cause a reduced volume of trade and production decline.

• the appreciation of the U.S. dollar stimulates the owners of financial capital to withdraw their funds from risky investments and invest them in purchasing dollars, which will further appreciate this currency and at the same time, depreciate the national currencies of the countries where the withdrawal of funds occurs. Also, the appreciation of the dollar has a negative effect on the volume of world trade, since it raises its costs.

• inflation could prove to be persistent and resistant to monetary restriction measures, and this would require continued interest rate hikes.

economic sentiment and confidence in the banking system, as well as the accumulation of forced savings and the abandonment of business plans and investment spending. This outcome would be even more unfavourable if a political solution for the U.S. public debt limit is not found in the coming weeks.

• the spread of financial stress from developed to underdeveloped countries is an already seen scenario, and in that case, there would be a drop in de-

• a further rise in interest rates, combined with high indebtedness, would cause huge problems with debt servicing, especially in the growing economies that need the funds the most.

• a halt in the recovery and opening of China, which absorbs the largest part of the world’s exports, would jeopardize all manufacturers of stock exchange products that trade with China. Currently, the Chinese construction and sale of residential and commercial space are at a standstill, caused by anti-epidemic measures. Prolonging this situation would slow down China’s recovery and lead to aggravation of financial risks.

• the escalation of the conflict in Ukraine and the deepening of geopolitical tensions would further worsen the economic situation and slow down the weak global recovery that has just begun. Not only would the energy crisis in Europe repeat itself in the coming winter, but the uncertainty surrounding the food supply would also increase, which would threaten underdeveloped economies the most.

THE NATIONAL BANK OF SERBIA CONTINUED TO TIGHTEN ITS MONETARY POLICY, WHICH AFFECTED THE FURTHER GROWTH OF INTEREST RATES

In an era where evolution is the key to survival, industries are no exception. One of the most dramatic and compelling transformations is being done by Philip Morris International (PMI), a company long associated with traditional tobacco products. In our exclusive interview with Massimo Andolina, President Europe Region of PMI, we explore the drastic internal shift within the company, its penetration into new territories of technological capabilities, and the reasons behind these bold steps.

Bold Journey of Transformation

Philip Morris International Reinvents Itself and the Tobacco Industry

MASSIMO ANDOLINA President Europe Region of PMI

You joined the company in 2008. Can you explain in short transformation that PMI undertook in these 15 years?

You will probably rarely find another company that has transformed so deeply from within, and that is making such huge steps to transform completely the industry that it belongs

to. And rarely, you will find a company that decides to “kill” its own business in favour of a better one. Because really, this is what we’re doing. The journey of transformation has been huge. It has addressed changing completely the products that we focus on, that we develop, and that we commercialize. It has had to deal with building

our muscle in engaging with a variety of stakeholders that have a role to play in making this transformation possible. It has also been an internal transformation that has been huge - just look at the scientific capabilities that we’ve had to acquire, then dealing with electronic devices, the latest generation of technology, batteries, clinical trials, so a variety of things that we’ve had to learn, start doing and mastering.

As we can see, businesses are more open to transformation than institutions, whether local or international. What is the reason behind this, and do you see hints of change in their approach?

I see more and more openness. I have to hold space myself and acknowledge the fact that there is a history behind it, and therefore I can understand the reason why a variety of stake-

FOR SERBIAN SMOKERS SMOKING IS RELATIVELY NORMALIZED

holders can still be skeptical today towards the industry or, in this particular case, the company that they believe has created the problems associated with tobacco. But the reality is, in many other areas of human evolution, the solution to a problem has come from a strong partnership and collaboration among all the stakeholders that can bring elements of that solution. Look at what is happening today in energy, look at what is happening in mobility, look at what is happening in a variety of other fields, in which science and technological innovation are welcome in order to drive evolution, wherever they may come from.

What would be the best case, achievable scenario, in your opinion, considering the pushbacks that the tobacco harm reduction approach faces today?

The best scenario would be if all the parties that can contribute to this come to the table and together to orchestrate a plan by which we accelerate to the maximum the opportunity for smokers to actually quit smoking. And if they cannot quit smoking altogether, at least they have access to a variety of products that are significantly better than smoking and are scientifically validated. That would be the best scenario. In order to put this scenario in place, this goes through dialogue, openness, and orchestration of the steps that will be taken to make this happen as fast as possible.

As a small market, still, outside of the EU, does Serbia have an impact on the transformation of the company, but also on the change in public opinion when it comes to tobacco harm reduction?

I think a lot of good things about Serbia. PMI is present here for a long time. I have personally worked in operations, and I’ve worked closely with the affiliate that we have in Serbia and the factory in Niš. I’ve seen the

factory developing very, very nicely for the past 20 years. I also see that the country is taking steps in the right direction. From a regulatory perspective, various measures have been put in place. But let’s face it, to a large extent, for Serbian smokers smoking is relatively normalized. Everybody should work on the awareness of the fact that burning cigarettes is a problem, that a lot of the diseases coming from tobacco smoke come from combustion, and that there are available better alternatives. Having said that, the government is going in the right direction, there is openness to the dialogue toward tobacco harm reduction, and we

ber of smokers. In the case of Serbia, that could be an element of inspiration. You have a smoking prevalence that is today between 36 and 40%. Access to products like Snus or products like nicotine pouches could allow Serbia to get onto a journey of alternatives like Sweden has done. The benefit that we are seeing now in Sweden is an accelerated quitting from smoking in favour of snus and nicotine pouches, and that has a significant positive impact on public health because we see that the rate of incidence of smoking-related diseases is significantly reduced and much lower than the European average.

that sense, it’s an inspiring approach that has been followed by other countries in Europe.

France, on the other hand, today has one of the highest smoking prevalences in the EU 27 member States, close to 30%, although a variety of traditional measures for the prevention of smoking has been put in place. So after introducing plain packaging, graphical health warnings, restricting the point of sales where it can be sold, and restricting marketing, and communication about the products and the brands, an accelerated increase of taxation in the past 20 years that led to tripled prices of cigarettes in France, we don’t see a significant reduction in the prevalence of smoking. That shows that traditional measures are obviously not enough.

Is a “smoke-free future” jeopardized by small producers of alternatives for cigarettes (e.g., vapes that are unfortunately attractive and heavily used by minors), or do you think that strategy “more the merrier” is always better as far as it is not a combustible product?

hope to see an acceleration of the implementation of some of these measures in the local legislation.

What are the benefits that Serbia can have in lessons learned from experiences such as Sweden or France, or Greece with regard to tobacco regulation, consumer protection, and innovation encouragement in the run-up to EU accession?

Smoking prevalence in Sweden of only 5% shows that alternatives such as nicotine pouches can help in reducing the num-

Greece, in that sense, has been one of the inspiring cases in terms of countries and legislation among the EU member states because it’s been the first government that has passed into legislation its approach to tobacco harm reduction. And therefore, Greece is confronted with the opportunity offered by these alternative and safer products. They put the scientific validation framework in place, and products that pass the validation have the possibility to actually declare claims and therefore be treated differently from combustible products. In

It’s not jeopardized, I think there is a role for everyone to play, but it cannot become a jungle. Alternative products do require a certain regulatory framework to be put in place in order to prevent unintended consequences. For instance, rules on legal access to a product make sure that these products that are intended as alternatives for smokers and always for legal-age users do not end up in the hands of minors. We have to make sure that the product is designed in a way that is, number one, safer for smokers, and therefore we must know what is in that product, and second, we don’t put things like flavors or sugars that implicitly try to attract people to initiate with that. Therefore it is necessary to put in place regulatory frameworks that allow access to those better products for smokers who would otherwise continue to smoke, but not for minors who should not have access to those products.

I THINK THERE IS A ROLE FOR EVERYONE TO PLAY, BUT IT CANNOT BECOME A JUNGLE

8 MAY 2023

Scents of Spring: Enjoy this spring at the Meneghetti estate in Istria

Wine Hotel & Winery Meneghetti has prepared a special offer for this season. This spring, take the side road that leads to the Meneghetti estate. Our hotel is already widely known for the perfect symbiosis of nature and luxury, and there is no better season than spring, and it’s time to On this occasion, we would like to present a tailor-made package that includes four nights with breakfast in our luxury residences or villas, a rich breakfast, a guided tasting of three Meneghetti wine labels with traditional snacks, as well as complete relaxation in our SPA center. For booking four nights, as a thank you for your loyalty, you get one night free. Take the path of nature in bloom and immerse yourself in a perfect fairy tale for all your senses. We are waiting for you!” says the Meneghetti Hotel. Book your accommodation at: www.meneghetti.hr

10 MAY 2023

Investments worth 2,34 million Euros in equipment, infrastructure, and training at the vocational training providers in Serbia

Second National Grant Award Ceremony in Serbia. The five most successful projects from Serbia are being proposed for financing in the Second call of the Regional Challenge Fund, allocating approximately 2,34 million Euros for the investments in equipment, infrastructure, and training at the vocational training institutes implementing cooperative training. The next public call will be published on May 22 offering new funding opportunities for Serbian educational institutions that partner with companies.

19 MAY 2023

WPK Hospital in Vienna is listed among the world’s best hospitals for the third year in a row

Wiener Privatklinik (WPK), one of Austria’s largest private hospitals, has been awarded the World’s Best Hospitals certification by the American publication Newsweek for the third consecutive year. WPK Hospital was awarded for its high-quality care provided by internationally renowned doctors and its state-of-the-art medical facilities. Located in Vienna, Wiener Privatklinik is the only private hospital in Austria that received this certification

19 MAY 2023

Members of the Hellenic Business Association visited the factory Kleemann Lifts

Serbian HBA Members visit KLEEMANN’s Production Facilities, marking 40 years of global success and two decades of operations in Serbia. The Hellenic Business Association of Serbia, in cooperation with the member company KLEEMANN Lifts, organized a visit to the production facilities of traction lifts in Šimanovci on May 16th, 2023. A visit to KLEEMANN’s production facilities was organized in order to present one of the most successful Greek companies that has operated in Serbia for almost 20 years and which is also an active member of the HBA for more than a decade. On this occasion, the President of the Management Board, Mr.Nikolaos Sliousaregko, greeted the members, stressing the importance of KLEEMANN’s contribution to the activities of the HBA and also thanked the company General manager, Mr.Odysseas Markakis, for his hospitality and event organization.

22 MAY 2023

OTP banka awards two million dinars to Fragment Panels, the New Winning Solution of the 2023 Generator ZERO Competition

Project Fragment Panels coming from startup company Fragment Incorporated which deals with the production of innovative and sustainable construction materials made of 73% recycled glass, is the winner of this year’s Generator ZERO Competition by OTP Banka. With a record 116 applications, compared to the previous cycle, where 72 projects applied, this year’s competition was the second competition in a row dedicated to solutions for reducing the carbon footprint. The winning team was awarded by the Bank with two million dinars and strategic support in further project development and promotion, along with awards from two partners.

22 MAY 2023

Agribusiness without Borders – Uniting Italy and Serbia’s Agricultural Sectors

Banca Intesa, the Embassy of the Republic of Italy, and the Italian Trade Agency (ITA) opened the program of the International Agricultural Fair in Novi Sad.

At the opening of the 90th International Agricultural Fair in Novi Sad, Banca Intesa, a member of the Intesa Sanpaolo Group, the Embassy of the Republic of Italy, and the Italian Trade Agency (ITA) held the conference “Agribusiness without Borders” on the topic “Food quality and safety – opportunities for cooperation between Italy and Serbia”, where they presented the importance of the food sector for the development of the economy, as well as its potential for strengthening bilateral economic relations in the field of agriculture.

23 MAY 2023

Reinforcing Ties – The British Serbian Chamber of Commerce Enhances Bilateral Trade Prospects

On May 11, 2023, the British Serbian Chamber of Commerce (BSCC) organised a briefing event in Belgrade with Mr Chris Barton, His Majesty’s Trade Commissioner for Europe. The reception was hosted by OMR Group, owners of British Motors Serbia, a BSCC premium member, at their OMR Luxury Store, a showroom for premium car brands including Bentley, Jaguar, Land Rover, as well as MV Agusta Motorcycles and Azimut Yachts. More than 60 companies – members, partners, and associates of the BSCC had the opportunity to hear first-hand about the improving trade relations between the UK and Serbia, opportunities for further development in different sectors, and a positive outlook on the future trade and business between the two countries. H.E Sian MacLeod, HM Ambassador to Serbia, also attended the event together with Mr Nikola Milivojevic, Country Director for Serbia in UK Department for Business and Trade, and his team.

Francesco Lollobrigida, Minister of Agriculture, Food Sovereignty and Forestry of the Republic of Italy, Jelena Tanasković, Minister of Agriculture, Forestry, and Water Management of the Republic of Serbia, and Marco Elio Rottigni spoke about the importance of the exchange of international experience and expertise, as well as the support of financial institutions for the improvement of business cooperation between Italy and Serbia. Rottigni, Head of the International Subsidiary Banks Division (ISBD), while Boris Nadlukač, a member of the Executive Board of the Novi Sad Fair, acted as moderator.

24 MAY 2023

Aleksandar Kostić winner of the award

“Captain Miša Anastasijević”

Shaping the Future of Banking: Aleksandar Kostić wins the “Captain Miša Anastasijević” award as Best Young Manager. Aleksandar Kostić is the winner of the annual “Captain Miša Anastasijević” award in the Best Young Manager category. This traditional annual award is given to the most successful individuals, entrepreneurs, and institutions encouraging entrepreneurship and affirming charity in Serbia. The prestigious recognition was awarded for the results in the expansion of the banking group’s operations. Further plans include business development in the region, but also on the banking market of the European Union, where the banking group has been present for more than 5 years, by taking over Gorenjska Bank in Slovenia. In 2022., AIK Bank completed the acquisition of Sber Bank in Serbia, and this year it signed a purchase and sale agreement with Eurobank Direktna, which is expected to be completed in 2023 after fulfilling the regulatory requirements.

Opening New Horizons: Montenegro Welcomes Its First Hyatt Resort

“We are pleased to have borrowed elements from nature in which we will offer a world of relaxation and peace to our guests, as well as members of the World of Hyatt loyalty program, whose members have the opportunity to experience the hospitality of a wellknown brand in a new destination for the first time.” Every corner of the resort has been conceived and created to highlight the pure power of nature that surrounds the hotel, thus creating a stress-free experience for our guests”, said Saveljić.

Accommodation

Hyatt Regency Kotor Bay Resort has 205 rooms, 21 premium suites and 26 deluxe suites that have been decorated with care, inspired by the dramatic yet sophisticated natural beauty of the Bay of Kotor. Twelve premium apartments have their own outdoor pool, while nine of them have a whirlpool on the terraces. The resort is complete with its natural beach, offering 2 outdoor and one indoor swimming pool.

The Krolbay company and the Hyatt Hotels Corporation hotel group announce the official opening of the Hyatt Regency Kotor Bay Resort on June 1 this year. This is the first Hyatt hotel in Montenegro, which will offer guests the opportunity to experience the picturesque landscape of the Bay of Kotor in an environment designed to provide perfect comfort with impeccable service.

“After significant renovations and expansions, we are excited to open the new, transformed Hyatt Regency Kotor Bay Resort. This will mark the beginning of a new era of our development and work on promoting the tourist offer of our country. The arrival of Hyatt in Montenegro adds value to our country as a tourist destination, and we believe that we will give an incentive to others as well. Together, we continue to work in or-

der to improve the offer and raise the level of services, so that in the years to come, they will remain one of the most desirable tourist destinations”, said Saša Saveljić,

In addition to all of the above, the resort has a fully equipped fitness center, a room for yoga and pilates, as well as a spacious spa and wellness area, offering guests relaxation and enjoyment in peace with a unique view of the bay and the mountains. The spa concept is inspired by the well-known healing breeze of the bay, which is

chief executive of Krolbay d.o.o. The facility formerly known as Blue Kotor Bay Premium Spa Resort underwent a comprehensive transformation that started in November 2021.

Hyatt Regency Kotor Bay Resort, located on Marco’s Cape, in a location recognized as a natural health resort, is the perfect place for rest and relaxation, in a unique atmosphere of harmony with nature. Contemporary, ecological design and harmony of external and internal spaces was the main focus in the process of creating the concept of this hotel.

enriched with the scents of local herbs and conifers. Hyatt Regency Kotor Bay Resort has as many as seven restaurants and bars for culinary journeys and gourmet delights. The picturesque landscape, elegant design and innovative combination of local, regional and international flavors and products create a gastronomic paradise that will satisfy all guests’ senses. The meeting and event spaces within the resort span 500m2 and offer ideal venues for productive meetings and dream events for up to 160 guests, all with perfect organization and the unrivaled location of magnificent Boka Kotorska.

Hyatt Regency Kotor Bay Resort debuts on June 1, promising an unparalleled fusion of luxury, tranquility, and natural beauty

THE ARRIVAL OF HYATT IN MONTENEGRO ADDS VALUE TO OUR COUNTRY AS A TOURIST DESTINATION

Serbian design with a taste of France

Working on branding Serbia as a fashion destination would certainly generate results in many segments

Just after the Federation of Haute Couture and Fashion (FHCM) accepted only the Serbian and Portuguese Fashion Week as part of their official programme, we spoke with Svetlana Horvat, president of Serbia Fashion Week, who told us about the importance of the FHCM’s decision for Serbian fashion, its popularity in the global fashion circles and the huge potential for branding our country through fashion.

What is the power of fashion as a communication channel in the context of country branding, given that you even held a conference on this topic in the National Assembly?

The fact that fashion is a powerful communication channel has long been undisputed in the world. Serbia should recognize the development opportunities that branding through fashion can provide. Nation branding generally refers to a country’s strategy to convey a certain image of itself beyond its borders to achieve certain goals. Branding a country improves its image and reputation, thus enabling it to attract foreign direct investments. At the same time, it makes the country a recognizable destination for tourism and commerce. Branding a nation entails presenting a country to create a reputation by promot-

ing the country’s cultural, economic and social life abroad.

A few years ago, in cooperation with Color Media Communications, we held a conference titled “National Branding by Fashion” in the Republic of Serbia’s Parliament, covering this very topic. National and international marketing and media experts, ambassadors and members

of the diplomatic corps in our country spoke at the conference. We heard how France and Italy branded their countries through fashion and what results did they generate from that.

The project of branding Serbia entails having a state-level strategy and serious engagement at the highest level, involving top experts from various state and non-governmental or-

SVETLANA HORVAT Serbia Fashion Week President

THANKS TO THE WELCOME TO PARIS PROGRAMME, FROM NOW ON, WE WILL REPRESENT SERBIA AT PARIS FASHION WEEK EVERY YEAR

© Uroš Gajić

ganizations. Serbia’s visibility on a global scale is enhanced by successful public figures, top-quality, authentic products and festivals related to tourism, culture and art in general. Serbia Fashion Week has created an image of Serbia as an urban and modern environment. Working on branding Serbia as a fashion destination would certainly generate results in many segments, starting from tourism and economy through to foreign investments, culture and politics.

How powerful is fashion as a communication channel, regardless of a specific topic or context?

Along with sports and music, fashion is the most powerful communication channel globally. Fashion weeks around the world are at the centre of media interest. Most important fashion weeks and advertising campaigns of multinational brands from the fashion, beauty and lifestyle industries send out the most diverse advertising messages. The power of fashion as a communication channel can be illustrated in the example of Paris Fashion Week, of which Serbia Fashion Week has become an integral part. This is one of the most covered events media-wise in France. Due to its high visibility, it is understandable why global premium brands from all industrial segments choose to promote themselves at fashion events. Likewise, numerous countries promote their tourism potential, cultural heritage and economic resources at fashion events.

Serbia being represented in the official programme of the Federation of Haute Couture and Fashion (FHCM)  is a historic event for Serbian fashion. How did you manage to do that?

For the FHCM to bestow us with this honour and allow us to become its integral part is a historically important event for Serbia and its fashion. This is a huge validation of our work and accomplished quality. The FHCM’s decision to officially take Serbia Fashion Week under its wing has been one of the main topics of conversation in France’s fashion circles and is

a U-turn in further positions of SFW worldwide. Considering that this oldest and most prestigious fashion association in the world has chosen SFW to take under its auspices will mean the great promotion of Serbia and will open the door for the development and establishment of new collaborations and projects for our fashion designers.

For the first time in its history, the FHCM opened its doors and chose two countries – Serbia and Portugal – and their fashion weeks, which met the strict criteria of the FHCM multi-year monitoring, to include in the Paris Fashion Week’s official programme. Thanks to the Welcome to Paris programme, from now on, we will represent Serbia at Paris Fashion Week every year. We have had two Frenchmen in our management since the very inception of SFW. One is a renowned fashion designer from France, costume designer and artistic director of the Paris and Berlin fashion fairs, Mr Eymeric Francois, and the other is Mr Donald Potard, who helmed the Jean Paul Gaultier fashion house for 25 years. Over the past 11 years, their contribution to

tive countries’ branding, especially in fashion, tourism and economy?

We should utilize the fact that the Federation of Haute Couture and Fashion accepted only the Serbian and Portuguese fashion weeks as part of their official programme in the proper way. Portugal financially backed the presentation of its designers, recognizing the great capacity of global communications during PFW, both for the country’s branding and attracting foreign investments in the textile industry and tourism.

After carefully observing the quality of our designers, L Appart, a Paris-based communications agency, expressed its intention to support global communications and the presentation of Serbian fashion under the auspices of the FHCM programme. The agency has been working with the Portuguese government for a number of years on preparing Portugal’s presentation as a fashion destination. We definitely need to devise a national promotion strategy when it comes to this project. Institutions dealing with the promotion and brand-

versity. The lecture was about the current situation in the Serbian fashion industry, i.e. about the intersection of capacities, markets and development opportunities in this sector. The second part of the lecture was about Serbian Fashion Week, which they already knew a lot about. After the lecture, the students were interested in many things related to Serbia Fashion Week – for instance, how such a large European brand was created in just 5 to 6 years, what are the project’s functioning mechanisms, whether and how it affects the development of the fashion industry in Serbia, how it affects on tourism and income in that sector, how we managed to bring Fendi, Gucci and Mugler to Serbia, etc. Of course, there were a lot of questions that were not related to fashion, but to various aspects of work and life in our country.

Last year, I also held several lectures at the University of Arts, London. I was particularly pleased that after the first lecture in front of London students, I was invited to hold a set of related additional lectures at the request and insistence of those students.

raising the quality of SFW has been immeasurable. Precisely because of this synergy, SFW is known for its title - Serbian Design with a Taste of France - in the international community.

This is certainly a crucial moment for the further development of SFW. Until now, we had positioned ourselves (in the international professional and media public) as the most important fashion event in South-Eastern Europe, while now we are ranked among the most important and influential fashion events in the world.

Did Portugal and Serbia recognize the importance of their participation in the official programme of the Federation of Haute Couture and Fashion (FHCM) through the Welcome to Paris programme at Paris Fashion Week for their respec-

ing of our country, as well as the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Serbia, should support the presentation of our designers and fashion companies. This is already being done very successfully in the winemaking sector and we can see how successful the wine industry and wine tourism have been. Now is the right time to do this, because this year, Serbia is at the centre of global attention fashion-wise and we should not miss this opportunity to promote our country.

You are the first Serbian woman to give a lecture about Serbian fashion to Sorbonne students. What did you convey to them and what topic were students particularly interested in when it comes to Serbian fashion?

Yes, it was a great honour and even a greater experience to give a lecture at Sorbonne Uni-

I had a fantastic experience lecturing at both universities, because talking to students, who are eager to research and gather new knowledge, gives me great pleasure.

What are the next steps in your work?

A lot of travel related to the presentation of Serbian designers under the auspices of the partnership fashion weeks (31 partnership agreements worldwide) awaits me. First, I will be travelling to Malta, then to the United Arab Emirates, followed by Milan Fashion Week, then fashion weeks in New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Berlin... In parallel, we are already preparing the autumn editions of Serbia Fashion Week, which will be held from September 21 to 25 in Novi Sad and we expect a large number of foreign guests and journalists to attend. Of course, the registration process and the preparation for our next presentation at Paris Fashion Week will soon begin.

THIS YEAR, SERBIA IS AT THE CENTRE OF GLOBAL ATTENTION FASHION-WISE

The List: People who change Belgrade

Belgrade, a city with a soul, where every street and every person tells their own story. Throughout this city’s history, people have left their mark and influenced its appearance, architecture, gastronomic offer, and the habits of the people of Belgrade. But here’s the thing about being influential: it’s not for everyone. It takes a certain kind of person to stand out in a crowd and be heard. Let’s take a look at some of the men and women who have made their mark on Belgrade, in a feature column by Duška Jovanić, which is out each month.

NOTE: The list is made in alphabetical order

1ANDREJ JOSIFOVSKI aka THE PIANIST Architect and street artist

He is Belgrade’s Banksy. A nomadic artist who creates wherever he goes. An architect who cracks the greyness of the city, dressing its streets in the costumes of the spirit of the times. There is often a set to do and he has to roll up his sleeves. How did the assistant professor at the Faculty of Architecture manage to rattle the cage of Belgrade town? Was it just because he believed that freedom of thought, speech and action existed only in the street? Without a doubt, all his works are an expression of rebellion. Despite the nickname he earned as a child attending a music school, The Pianist pushes the boundaries of street art with each new performance. Rebellious since kindergarten, he inherited his displeasure with injustice from his father. Both still believe that honesty is the most valuable ornament of human character. However,

luckily for the people of Belgrade, his ideas are stronger and more deadly than moral lessons. After all, with the right technique, that’s all he needs to tattoo the city. It all started when Belgrade was honoured with iconic murals of the greatest figures of our better past and present (from Patriarch Pavle to Novak Djokovic). Then he threw himself into the “Golden Age” series, exhibiting critically acclaimed work with social connotations. The set-up of the luminous phallus was all kinds of shocking, followed by the awareness of the need not to turn a blind eye to environmental problems. The installation that was most talked about was the portrait of TV personality Jovan Memedović, made of 4,000 plastic bottles. The hero of Belgrade streets never sleeps. He continues to paint the city he loves with the painful truth.

“I don’t know if I belong to Belgrade, even though Belgrade belongs to me,” says the blue-eyed boy in love with love. His name is Mihailo Anušić, but he has been synonymous with Mihano Momosa since childhood. Artist of life! He discovered fashion thanks to his aunt, a seamstress. When his time came, he inquired with people if they heard of the Mihano Momosa brand. It sounded familiar to them. Before it all started, he was already famous. Still, he never left Vojvodina. He was born in Zrenjanin, during a more beautiful reality, in which he still lives. Mihailo grew up with the most beautiful love letters written by his parents, which his mother continued to receive even after she left to stay with her boys forever. I met him ten years ago in front of the Esplanada Hotel in Zagreb. We were in a rush to get to the presentation of the fashion guru Miroslava Duma. Several

other important Vogue icons had already discovered his dream dresses. Last April, he gathered his thirty “swans” in one place and dressed us in Momosa masterpieces, which literally stopped the Belgrade traffic. None of us would ever want to take off his fabric sculptures, despite all their monumentality. Because his famous feathers are not charged for, and his three-dimensional flower accentuates the waste. Forbes magazine also noticed this, not taking their eyes off the daring women who are not afraid to show the world who they are which is exactly why they dress in Momosa apparel. The boy from the beginning of the story never flew too high, even when Elon Musk’s mother wore his turquoise jacket. His universe is still made up of the MM dream team, friends, dad and brother, and bull terriers Tito and Munja. Love breeds love, he reiterates. Bravo, Maestro!

© Goran Popovski

MIHAILO ANUŠIĆ Fashion designer

© Nebojša Babić © Dragan Klem

The first Serbian woman on the cover of French Vogue… She shamelessly turned her face sideways when the most famous photographer of the 20th century, Helmut Newton, took her picture. Not as a model, but as a fashion designer. With a degree from the Sorbonne, hidden in the pocket of a dress she made herself. She always dressed and behaved oddly. She believed in wearing cowboy boots and short skirts. She smoked a pipe, wore a sailor’s cap and never combed her hair. Mademoiselle Udovički. World traveller and adventurer. A passionate woman who lived life for all of us. A Belgrade woman who, without any regret, refused the Pygmalion-minded Roger Vadim turning her into a new BB. She gambled with Hollywood hottie Cary Grant and watched the charming Yves Montand lose

his head over Marilyn Monroe. She liked to spend drunken nights with the debauched Russian director Nikita Mikhalkov. They say she had a harmless love affair with his brother, Andrei Konchalovsky. We all learned from her how not to miss out on anything. When Milanka met Newton for the last time, just a few days before his odd death, they arranged for him to take a family photo for her. Her three sons from three different husbands and two small grandchildren would stand around her in black tuxedos, while she would sit seductively in her favourite bergere chair in just a bikini. She was and remains the mistress of chaos aesthetics. Although she lives in Zemun, she is Belgrade’s greatest icon of freedom. She even turned ageing into conceptual art, proving that miniskirts die last.

Serbian theatre, film and television actress, born in 1995 in Belgrade. From the sixth grade, she was a member of the drama studio, known for its somewhat harsh and spartan attitude towards talent. She loved acting and seemed to feel at home when doing so. The same was true for Belgrade, because of which she could not imagine living in any other city. When she graduated from the Faculty of Dramatic Arts, with the best possible grades, it seemed that her story would be the one of a golden Belgrade girl, fast and energetic in her career and so intelligent and charming in life. She competed in Latin dances, practised tennis and swimming, excelled in skiing and diving. However, deep down, she was growing into a woman in search of a definition of herself. When she

realized that she knew very well who she was, she overcame all her fears and publicly shared what she had experienced from her acting teacher behind closed doors. Without losing her composure for a moment, she blurted out that she would be the one to tell the truth first. She revealed the long-hidden secrets of sexual abuse and launched the Serbian #metoo movement. By coincidence, last year she masterfully played the main role in the play of such a symbolic title - “Alice in the Land of Fears”. “I think I changed Belgrade because I managed to show that silence is worse than what we finally manage to say and that if we ‘bare’ ourselves - there is no shame. And then, in the most vulnerable moment, I felt that my Belgrade was on my side”. That’s Milena Radulović.

At first glance, it becomes immediately clear that this is a ‘professor’ at ‘the College of Hedonism’. It’s not the glasses that give him away. And not even a Cuban cigar, which he may or may not have brought to Belgrade first, but he definitely smoked it in the right place and at the right time. Until then, people feared that the finest tobacco, rolled with great difficulty, would end up on the margin of tackiness. That is why Zdravko Brkić created the concept of the first La Casa del Habano in the region. In addition to cigars, this gastronomic adventurer has an excellent understanding of the best wines, champagne, guerilla tequila and gourmet content of general practice. Being a hedonist par excellence is not only his private matter but also a serious and responsible business, from which he has built a solid CV. What sets this master

of his delicious craft, who has worked as a columnist and gastro critic in licensed international and national magazines, apart from other gourmet “big boys” is that Belgrade takes his word for it. Even those people, whom he somewhat annoys with his once arrogant and exclusive attitude, give him credit for teaching the untouchable doctor of style and enjoyment, James Bond, a lesson about the legendary martini. “Stirred, not shaken, Mr Bond”, he threw this line in his movie face and challenged him to a well-deserved duel. I admit that I became his (un)witting victim. I became forever his fan when he served me ladies’ bellini with fresh peach puree on the hood of the car in the middle of the motorway to Niš. Whatever you may think of him, his hedonism strengthens the body. Especially in burdensome times!

© Nebojša Babić

© Marko Kažić

MILENA RADULOVIĆ Actress 4

ZDRAVKO BRKIĆ Hedonist 5

© Aleksandar Bojković

Facts are Sacred, Comments are Free

In a very difficult time for journalists in Serbia, we spoke with the doyen of Serbian journalism, Zoran Sekulić, founder and editor-in-chief of the FoNet news agency, who talked about the challenges our profession is facing today.

FoNet has been founded almost three decades ago which coincides with the most difficult period in Serbia’s recent history. How do you manage to safeguard independent journalism despite all the social difficulties?

If I had known three decades ago what awaited me after I decided to establish FoNet, I probably would never have done it, and if I hadn’t done it, I would never have forgiven myself. Since I was forced to leave Tanjug at the beginning of the wars

in the former Yugoslavia, due to disagreement with the editorial policy of hate speech and war propaganda, I embarked on the adventure called FoNet out of desperation, as a professional and moral must.

In any case, I live in the belief that we have managed to safeguard the image of agency journalism in Serbia, which has been exposed to indescribable professional, personal and existential risks and sacrifices. Contrary to our mental health, we kept and keep defending an independent and impartial editorial policy, rejecting all attempts of direct and indirect political

influence, trade-off, blackmail, and even serious threats, including physical ones.

There have been ups and downs over the past three decades and there have been moments when FoNet hung by a thread, but the integrity of the editorial policy has never changed. We think that media freedom implies responsibility, which we have always been ready to assume. When we do something good, it’s ours, but when we make a mistake, it’s also ours. However, mistakes are never intentional or dictated by someone.

We manage the agency our-

ZORAN SEKULIĆ Founder and Editor-in-Chief of FoNet news agency

selves and no one outside FoNet gives orders on what should be done and how it should be done, just as we do not ask anyone for permission to engage in journalism in the manner prescribed by the rules and standards of the profession, craft and code of ethics. FoNet is focused on the public and answers to the public for what it does, not to the power centres.

After all, my experience in journalism is longer than anyone else’s political experience on the public stage in Serbia. I am considered uncooperative when it comes to responding to attempts at political influence or threats, which I am more than willing to make public. That is why today we are not so much exposed to direct political influences, but we are exposed to indirect ones aimed at diminishing our visibility and being discriminated against in the already fragmented media market.

I could write a whole book about what we have been through in the past 30 years. Since its establishment, more than 700 people have passed through FoNet. Despite all the dramatic and critical years it has experienced, FoNet, as a pioneer of multimedia and multiplatform agency journalism in Serbia, developed the concept of written, photo, video service and TV production formats, sharing the destiny, trials, tribulations and

AND IMPARTIAL JOURNALISM IS NO LONGER OF INTEREST TO ANYONE

As long as the public scene is dominated by the political will of the ruling party and above all its president and focused only on its own interests, the journalistic profession will not stand a chance

risks of independent media in Serbia, both at the time when it was established and today.

How would you describe today’s situation in the media? What is the biggest problem facing Serbian journalism today?

With a combination of the most sophisticated techniques of spin production, fake news and false narratives and the tried and tested technology of pressures, threats and campaigns, the government has completely neutralized one of the key prerequisites of good and honest journalism - facts are sacred, comments are free.

The public interest is identified with the interests of political elites, and today with the interest of one man, the public sphere has almost completely been turned into a big illusion. A format of constant production of enemies and promotion of populism and demagoguery has been developed, according to which it is not important what is really happening, but what the political elites want to present as the truth.

Emotions and beliefs dominate the public scene, while facts have become irrelevant. If they contradict emotions and beliefs, facts will suffer even more. Journalists, editors and owners of the most influential media outlets, primarily tabloids and commercial broadcasters with national coverage, accepted this without hesitation and became complicit in the production of deception, causing irreparable damage to the public interest.

Why is the media so strongly polarized today both in Serbia and globally?

The media scene is polarized to the point of hatred, persecution, and even physical endangerment of all those few journalists and media outlets who dare to poke the hornet’s nest that is state authorities, both in Belgrade and in the rest of the country, where this phenomenon is even more drastic but less visible. The journalistic profession has lost trust and brought on itself the odium of the public, which no longer dif-

ferentiates between real journalists and so-called ones. As my good friend, the carpenter Toza, said: “Journalists used to be prized, and now the prize is on them”. The current situation seems hopeless, and it is certainly impossible to change it in the short term. Especially since a completely new media topography is being created by corporate consolidation and media cartelization, which, along with the non-transparent pumping of huge amounts of money into media, are carried out by using loopholes in media regulation and its abuse. As far as the global media scene is concerned, things are changing dramatically and they are polarized too, but FoNet is primarily focused on working and developing in a domestic environment that is extremely unfavourable and even hostile to media freedom.

As the saying goes, “There are two sides to each story” and

chance.

This produces and will produce incalculable consequences for the profession, and what is more important for the public interest, because citizens are deprived of comprehensive, impartial and timely information about things that decisively affect their lives and thus lead them to make wrong decisions themselves.

In such an environment, private news agencies, such as FoNet and Beta, which, with huge sacrifices and risks, survived the Milošević war era and the time of Vojislav Koštunica and Boris Tadić, as predecessors of new forms and mechanisms of the (mis)use of media, are now in Vučić’s “chokehold”.

However, we will not give up on professional and moral principles, but the outcome is definitely uncertain. Especially since professional, fact-based

I fear an era in which artificial intelligence would become dominant in our lives, including journalism. Even now, we can’t take what we read for granted, and I can’t even imagine situations in which we won’t be able to trust what we see and hear. Perhaps artificial intelligence will bring good news to journalism, but the challenge is enormous, as is my scepticism. Nevertheless, some new generations in journalism will have to deal with this, which in the future, may only be called journalism but imply completely different media content intended for a completely different audience. Fortunately, I will not be here to solve the enigma called the use of artificial intelligence in journalism. The challenges and temptations of using human intelligence in this profession were and are enough for me.

What novelties has FoNet prepared for us?

“Truth is somewhere in the middle” (or on the sidelines). How difficult is it to define and follow truth today and be an objective journalist?

I no longer have any illusions that laws, strategies, action plans and task forces can change anything for the better. As long as the public scene is dominated by the political will of the ruling party and especially its president, and focused on its own interests, the journalistic profession doesn’t stand a

and impartial journalism is no longer of interest to anyone, be it the actors on the public stage or the audience that has moved massively to social media.

The upcoming technological revolution in the form of artificial intelligence threatens to create a new world that will have no relation to reality. How do you see the role of AI in journalism and is it a potential threat to the profession or is it a great tool that will help journalists in their work?

It is not yet time to talk about novelties until we complete comprehensive production, business, organizational and technological reorganization and restructuring of FoNet. We started this process in 2023, to transform FoNet into a fully digital news agency with multimedia and multiplatform news production in all forms and formats, which is intended not only for traditional media but also for the widest audience. After 30 years of FoNet and 40 years of my career in journalism, it is time for FoNet to reset itself in business, production and technology following the challenges of the times, rejuvenate, be more modern, innovative, creative, continuously self-sustaining and longlived. I am confident that we will resist all troubles in the media and political environment and that in the foreseeable future, I will participate in the further development of FoNet from another position. As far as I am concerned, the whole story with FoNet will make sense if, even without me, it lasts through time and space, as a pledge of good and honest journalism, for the benefit of the profession and society as a whole.

THE JOURNALISTIC PROFESSION HAS LOST TRUST AND BROUGHT ON ITSELF THE ODIUM OF THE PUBLIC

© Goran Zlatković

The Man Who Had Everything

Calouste Gulbenkian, an Armenian born in Constantinople, a British citizen and a citizen of Paris, a buyer of Russian art treasures, the ambassador of Iran in Vichy and finally a resident of a luxurious Lisbon hotel and at that time, one of the richest people in the world, makes for a great life story that marked the second half of the 19th and the first half of the 20th century.

I was on a TAP’s night flight from Belgrade to Lisbon in 2014 before Air Serbia relaunched the direct flight. It was my third trip to Portugal and it was the first time that my attention was drawn to the Armenian surname written on the screen in front of my seat - the Calouste Gulbenikian Museum.

How come there is a museum dedicated to an Armenian in Lisbon? Who was Calouste Sarkis Gulbenkian? He was born in 1869 in a rich Armenian family in Constantinople, today’s Istanbul. His father Sarkis was close to the Turkish sultans and in 1860 he already owned several oil fields in Baku, in today’s Azerbaijan.

After attending Armenian and French schools in Constantinople, Calouste’s father sent him to Marseille at the age of 15 to perfect his French. Of course, it did not come as a surprise that after Marseille he went to King’s College in London to study petroleum engineering.

The entire Gulbenkian family left Turkey in 1896 after the Hamidian massacre of 1895, one of the numerous pogroms that the Armenians suffered in the Ottoman Empire. From there he went to Cairo where he met many influential people who, in the next few years, would make him the most successful oil magnate of the Old World and one of the richest people of

his time whose assets before his death in 1955 were estimated to be worth 840 million dollars,

which is equivalent to ten times the amount today.

He was known by the nickname “Mr Five Percent” because of his stake in a large number of oil companies around the world. And he was remembered for his famous quote: “Better a small slice of a big pie than a big slice of a small one!”

In the 1920s, Gulbenkian started spending his vast fortune on purchasing numerous works of art. Famous is his acquisition of paintings from the Hermitage treasures when the Soviets decided to sell part of the national treasure in order to get “hard currency” and oil, much needed for the accelerated industrialization they proclaimed in their first “Five Year Plan”.

His three-story Parisian home on Avenue d’Iéna was crammed with artwork from the basement to the roof. As a naturalized citizen of the United Kingdom, Gulbenkian donated part of his collection to the London National Gallery and several Egyptian statues to the British Museum.

“Never in modern history has one man owned so much,” wrote an art expert in 1950 in Life mag-

Never in modern history has one man owned so much

“BETTER A SMALL SLICE OF A BIG PIE THAN A BIG SLICE OF A SMALL ONE!”

azine describing Gulbenkian’s art collection.

During his lifetime, Gulbenkian collected over 6,400 works of art.

After the Germans entered Paris in the summer of 1940, Gulbenkian retreated with the French government to Vichy where, as the Iranian ambassador, he would cooperate with Pétain’s collaborationist regime, which was enough for London to declare him an “enemy of the Allies” and confiscate all his assets in Great Britain.

At a diplomatic reception in Vichy in the summer of 1942, the ambassador of Salazar’s Portugal approached him and asked: “Why don’t you come to us? We are neutral. Your wealth will be safe with us!”

Gulbenkian heeded his advice. They say that the scene of several dozen Rolls-Royces and other luxury cars loaded with works of art crossing the Pyrenees and travelling from Vichy through Spain to Lisbon was completely cinematic.

There, in Lisbon, in an apartment of the luxurious Aviz Hotel, he spent his last 13 years, until he died in 1955. After his death, the Calouste Gulbenkian Museum formed a foundation. Gulbenkian’s fabulous works of art from his collection - from antiquity, through great pieces of Islamic art, to Dutch masters and Renoir, Monet and Degas – are now exhibited at the eponymous Museum.

An Armenian born in Constantinople, a British citizen and a citizen of Paris, a buyer of Russian art treasures, the ambassador of Iran in Vichy and finally a resident of a luxurious Lisbon hotel and at that time, one of the rich-

est people in the world, makes for a great life story that marked the second half of the 19th and the first half of the 20th century. It is simply incredible to think that neither Armenia nor Portu-

gal nor Hollywood made a feature film about his exciting life.

The life of Calouste’s son Nubar, who started his career as an unpaid worker in his father’s company, was no less colourful. After a bizarre incident when the company refused to lend him $4.50 for lunch, he sued his father for $10 million. The incident led to Calouste’s decision to leave his property, artwork and money to the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation.

However, Nubar inherited $2.5 million from his stepfather, which allowed him to live an extravagant life, characteristic of the “second generation”. Nubar’s long grey beard, pipe, monocle and orchid tucked into his jacket lapel were his trademarks. “Nubar is so persistent that he easily tires out three stock brokers, three horses and three women a day!” - this is how one friend described him. Nubar owned a collection of luxury cars and was also a famous gourmet: “The ideal number of people at dinner is two. Me and one damn good waiter!” He married three times but had no children. He died in the English Hospital in Cannes in 1972.

When I once told Princess Jelisaveta Karadjordjević about my encounter with the biography of the Gulbenkian family, she laughed: “Oh yes, I met Nubar. It was in Estoril. I remember him because of his big white beard that floated to the surface of the water while he was bathing!”

A stamp printed in Portugal issued for the 10th death anniversary of Calouste Gulbenkian shows oil industry pioneer and philanthropist Calouste Gulbenkian circa 1965.

Lefteris Papaulakis / Shutterstock

DURING HIS LIFETIME, GULBENKIAN COLLECTED OVER 6,400 WORKS OF ART.

Summer in Antalya region

Something for everyone

Antalya is an ample region in Turkiye that covers about 1,400 square km. The abundance of sunshine, beaches, forests, waterfalls, monuments… Antalya is a perfect destination to enjoy starting from early May to late September. This year, we can confirm that the already established benefits of having a summer vacation in this region are improved, and everything is truly excellent. Antalya was an unplanned destination for us, but we came back with such great memories that it was a great end of spring and a good overture for the summer of 2023.

We visited Antalya, the city and the heart of the whole region, Side and Belek. All great destinations for lovers of the warm Turkish sea, sandy beaches, and exclusive resorts where everything is just there, available and ready for you to choose, take it and enjoy. All you have to do is relax and make a choice your heart wants at that moment. And that’s what we did. We tried everything, visited the beautiful sights, and enjoyed the great service, which is a trademark of this region.

Usually, I prefer a busy holiday where every day is full of activities, but there is always an exception, and Antalya definitely is one. Here, we recommend a wide range of all-inclusive resorts for the perfect lazy holiday. If you want a cocktail by the pool, please take two. If you want to have a yoga class, Matt is waiting for you. Barbeque or fish for lunch, you don’t need to decide, try both. Moreover, eat the fruits, the more the merrier, because it is truly the juiciest, I have tried in a long time. In addi-

tion, have a joyful time on the beach. Brush your hand through the warmest sand, read a good book while sunbathing, take a long stroll by the sea, and last but not least, swim until your body feels alive. I know I did.

Our stay in Antalya was divine because the Nirvana Cosmopolitan Hotel is really, as they like to say, “perfect harmony where the city living meets the coastal bliss.” The interior of the hotel is designed in a futuristic style with a lot of space and bright colors. Big and light rooms, many a la carte restaurants (Mexican, Asian, Mediterranean, steak house, seafood), numerous sports courts, and the smoothest chocolate they make right there in the hotel.

As for the sights, definitely start with the Lower Duden Waterfalls, a spectacular cascade that occurs as the Duden River spills off the Antalya City cliffs into the sea. It is a beautiful beginning for a walk through the landscaped parks with a lot of trees and greenery. Your destination is the center of the city, where you must head to Antalya’s Old Town, also known as Kaleiçi. This is the perfect place to learn about the cultural heritage of the city. Here you also have the Hadrian’s Gate and the imposing Yivli Minare Mosque and after you must explore the narrow alleys and historic stone buildings, which will lead you to a great bazaar, where you can find all kinds of souvenirs such as leather sandals, spices, clothes, and ratluk.

After the city of Antalya, we continued our travel to Side, a coastal jam with much history waiting to be explored. A rare oppor-

ANTALYA IS A PERFECT DESTINATION TO ENJOY STARTING FROM EARLY MAY TO LATE SEPTEMBER

tunity to see ancient classical ruins that come from the periods of the 1st century BCE to the 3rd century CE. This ancient city has a small peninsula about 1 km long and 400 m wide, where most of the ruins are still standing today. Nymphaeum (the fountain), in ancient Greece and Rome, was a monument consecrated to the gods of nature or spring. During the 2nd century, this structure once stood three stories, but today the lower floor is the only piece remaining. Then we have the temple of Tyche built in the center of the commercial agora. The Greek Goddess Tyche, known as the Goddess of blind fate, is equated with Roma Goddess Fortuna. The Temple of Apollo is dedicated to the Greek God of beauty and light, the patron of the arts, and the guide of the Muses. The frieze placed above them depicts the heads of Medusa-a mythological monster that had the face of a female with venomous snakes in place of her hair. All this is seated near the Theater and the

We finished our stay in Antalya with a visit to Belek and the unique Calista Luxury Resort. “Calista Luxury Resort is the first “Green Star” award-winning hotel in Turkey with international status, designed with a unique architecture on 120.000 m2 area, in a forest covered with pine trees, where nature and the sea are united” as they describe themselves.

Antalya is ready and waiting for Serbian guests to show the best hospitality in the world, followed by gorgeous beaches and

great all-around service where everyone will find something and have a great holiday. The best partner for organizing dream vacations is the one and only Big Blue Travel Agency. Their knowledge, the biggest offer of luxury hotels, and resort with extensive travel experience are the best option for finding everything you need while traveling and even the details you didn’t think about. Just decide which destination is your choice for the summer and let them do what they do best, and make dreams come true.

State Agora, which were the places for social and political life in the Greek and Roman era.

While in Side, we stayed in the Miramare Beach Hotel, one of the best ultra-all-inclusive hotels on the Mediterranean coast. Miramare Beach Hotel is located in the heart of this sunny city in a lively area, within walking distance of all the attractions.

SIDE, A COASTAL JAM JUST WAITING TO BE EXPLORED

Gugelhupf Festival in Sremski Karlovci

Diplomats from Belgrade visited the Second Gugelhupf Festival held in Sremski

Karlovci

Guided by the idea of preserving from oblivion the tradition and culture of the Danube Swabians, but also of all fellow citizens who nurture the spirit of tolerance and good neighbourliness, for which Vojvodina is widely known, the Foundation Zavičajna kuća and the Association of Citizens Petrovaradin Media and The Best Fest, with great enthusiasm, organized Gugelhupf Festival in Sremski Karlovci for the second year in a row.

The festival opened on Friday, May 26, with the participation of the youngest visitors in the  Silly Gugelhupf workshop. Every year, the children painted various colourful motifs on pre-prepared mini Gugelhupfs. After the workshop, there was a performance by the participants of the dance school  Altair in the pedestrian zone in Sremski Karlovci.

On Saturday, May 27, a delegation of ambassadors and representatives of embassies and their families arrived by train from Belgrade to the event celebrating Gugelhupf in Sremski Karlovci. They were special guests of the Gugelhupf

Festival again this year. In addition to the tourist tour of Sremski Karlovci, the ambassadors visited the Bajilo winery, where they enjoyed a wine tasting. Afterward, they attended the announcing ceremony of the winner of the best Gugelhupf in 2023. After a fascinating tour and a break with national cuisine, Gugelhupf, and

wine, the ambassadors and representatives of the embassies returned to Belgrade by train.

This year, twelve Gugelhupfs from all over Vojvodina participated in the competition for the best Gugelhupf. By the decision of the expert jury, the Gugelhupf of competitor Eva Šnur from Sremski

Karlovac won. Second and third place went to last year’s winner Aleksandra Avramović. According to the new propositions of the event, Eva Šnur shared the recipe and made the Gugelhupf with which she won this year’s competition in front of the audience.

On Sunday, May 28, the festival closed with concerts by the choirs of DNUK  Kolomejka, HKPD  Jelačić, the Greek-Serbian friendship choir  Irida, and the mixed choir Harmonija, staged in the Roman Catholic Church of the Holy Trinity in Sremski Karlovci.

The Gugelhupf Festival was supported by: The Municipality of Sremski Karlovci, the Secretariat for Culture of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, the Ministry of Tourism and Youth, and the Rosa Homolje brand.

BY THE DECISION OF THE EXPERT JURY, THE GUGELHUPF OF COMPETITOR EVA ŠNUR FROM SREMSKI KARLOVAC WON

JUNE 1 - SEPTEMBER 15, 2023

EXHIBITION GIFT-COLLECTION OF DRAGIŠA BRAŠOVAN

MATICA SRPSKA GALLERY, TRG GALERIJA 1, NOVI SAD

Antoni Gaudí, Le Corbusier, and Frank Lloyd Wright entered the world history of architecture, while the impact of Dragiša Brašovan stands out in Serbian national architecture. Our premises can be proud of significant buildings of this architect, especially Novi Sad, which is recognizable by the Banovine complex, the Palace of the Chamber of Commerce, and the Main Post Office. By designing these buildings, he left an indelible mark on the city’s appearance. On the occasion of celebrating two jubilees: 175 years since the foundation and 65 years since transferring to the building of the former Product Exchange, Matica Srpska Gallery opens the exhibition Gift Collection of Dragiša Brašovan on Thursday,  June 1 at 8:00 p.m. At the exhibition opening,  Dr. Tijana Palkovljević Bugarski, Director of Matica Srpska Gallery, Prof. Dr. Dubravka Đukanović, Director of the Republic Institute for the Protection of Monuments of Culture, and Dragana Milošević, the Provincial Secretary for Culture, Public Information, and Relations with Religious Communities, will present to the visitors.

The exhibition Gift Collection of Dragiša Brašovan presents over 100 exhibits - paintings, sculptures, drawings, period furniture, works of applied art, and documentary material that the representatives of this famous Serbian architect, his wife Viktorija Brašo-

van and daughter Olga Kovačev, donated to the Gallery in the period from 2020 to beginning of 2023. For the first time, the public will have the opportunity to view objects and works that give insight into the architect’s private life and contribute to a better understanding of his character and work.

The exhibition offers visitors a completely different perspective on Brašovan as a husband, stepfather, esthete, art lover, and friend. All these exhibits, which were part of the house’s interior in Strahinjića bana Street in Belgrade, uniquely speak volumes about the taste and determination of the famous architect, as well as about his family life. “He buys old furniture, refurbishes it, polishes it, sells it, and buys a new one. He does all this with true enjoyment, and in all of his endeavours, there is somewhat naive, somewhat childish enjoyment of life.” - wrote the prominent architectural historian Zoran Manević about Brašovan. His home became an integral part of the Gallery’s salons and corridors and, therefore, an inseparable part of the museum’s identity.

The exhibition accompanies a bilingual catalogue with texts by architect Dr. Darko Polić, curator Ivana Janjić, a documentary film by Radio-television Vojvodina, and a virtual 3D reconstruction of the space where Dragiša Brašovan lived, realized by conservator MSc. Snežana Mijić. During the exhibition, the audience will have the opportunity to learn about the life and work of Dragiša Brašovan and the architecture of the 20th century through the accompanying program in the form of expert curatorial guidance, lectures, and film screenings.

The realization of the project was made possible by the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Serbia, the Provincial Secretariat for Culture, Public Information and Relations with Religious Communities, the City Administration for Culture, Novi Sad, OTP Bank Serbia, and Winery Deurić

Media partners of the exhibition are JMU Radio-television of Vojvodina, Radio 021, Naxi Planeta radio, Radio Beseda, Color Press Group, and Ringier Serbia doo - Blic.

Mihal Ramač (1951-2023)

A good man from Lisinski Street

“Dear friend, I’m not feeling very well currently. September is too far away for me to make any arrangements. Let’s stay in touch. Happy work! Mihal,” replied Mihal Ramač to my invitation to the Book Talk conference, which is happening at the end of September this year. We saw him the last time in October of last year when he spoke with other authors about his greatest gastronomic pleasures and read the recipe for the best borscht at Salaš 137 restaurant at our Food Talk conference.

When my colleague, Goca Nonin, informed me on May 13 that Miša had died, I think, after a series of bad news and tragic events in our country, that news hit me completely.

Miša was one of those wonderful, quiet people whose attitude and words would move mountains and run deep. When we separated from Independent Index in 1992 and founded  Novosadski Index, he helped us, no-name kids, and students. We will never forget when he brought Mr. Hoffman, the then press attaché of the US Embassy in Belgrade, to our two-bedroom editorial office in Aleksa Šantić 3-5 Street, located at Grbavica, Novi Sad, which we rented from Dr. Pejin. That was in 1993, at the time of hyperinflation and total collapse. We served the man a Serbian snack called Smoki that we pulled from the drawer at the bottom of the refrigerator, and Suzana Šaćić, then a refugee from Bosnia and editorial secretary, and today, 30 years later, the director of our company in Sarajevo, went to the store to buy a Serbian chocolate spread called Eurokrem in a glass cup so that we would have a decent cup to offer him juice in. Afterward, we took him to the restaurant called Piroš Čizmafor for lunch - he ate gypsy roast. That year he sent his colleague Goca Jovanović with Duško Jovanić, and the following year, he sent me to the IVP in the USA.

I had met Miša two years earlier when, in September 1991, together with other members of the Independent Association of Journalists of Vojvodina, we spoke from Window in Zmaj Jovina Street in Novi Sad. That was a unique form of protest we organized during the war in Croatia, when every evening from the window of the IAJV premises at Zmaj Jovina 4, precisely at 7:30 p.m., we read the news that people could not hear on Milošević’s RTS, the Radio Television of Serbia.

What Miša was like and what his roots were is best described by the scene from his childhood that he shared himself: “I was not quite four years old when my parents took me to a play in my native village, Ruski Krstur, for the first time. As soon as there was some commotion on stage, I started screaming. They had to get out. No one raised their voice in our house. That’s why I was scared. There was no swearing. And even today, there is no cursing. My parents, poor peasants with elementary school education, went to a theatre performance in 1954.”

Mihal Ramač was born in 1951 in Ruski Krstur. He finished the classical Lyceum in Rome and graduated in history at the Faculty of Philosophy in Novi Sad. He was a journalist for the newspapers  Ruske slovo and  Dnevnik, a correspondent for Free Europe Radio and the Ukrinform agency, and before  Danas, the editor-in-chief of the daily newspapers Naša Borba and Vojvodina

He lived in Petrovaradin at Lisinski Street in Podgrađe. He published seven books of poems in the Ruthenian language. He published the scripts for seven TV series about the nineties of the 20th century.

He translated the Bible (2019) from Hellenic to Ruthenian with his brother Janko. He also translated into Ruthenian and from Ruthenian to Serbian about thirty books of poetry and prose in the period-

icals of several dozen Yugoslav and world poets’ books of essays, including: The Story of the End (2002), On the Other Side of Dreams (2003), 6th October (2008), The Calling of Bright Vistas (2018), and Danube Rhapsody (2018).

My colleague, Gordana Nonin, wrote in Danas after Miša’s death: “The news echoed so painfully in the public that after a short and serious illness, Mihal Ramač had moved on to the other shore. An intellectual, journalist, editor, poet, writer, translator, publicist, and eternal fighter, he was a wonderful man who could always share a smile but also instantly retain the kind of seriousness on his face that only those who listen carefully to others possess. He was also among those who dared to immediately and publicly say no to wars and killing at the beginning of the nineties. And for decades to come, he unequivocally emphasized this with his every public appearance, text, and gesture. For example, at the promotion of his exceptional poetry collection  Another shore - the patriotic and refugee poems (publisher: Most Art Jugoslavija, Zemun, 2020) - which was promoted last year at the Novi Sad Literary Festival on the caffe-ship Zeppelin on the Danube, he rose majestically and said that he dedicated the evening primarily to refugees from Ukraine and recounted the inhumane conditions they were in at the time!”

In the text  Mihal and I, Aleksei Kišjuhas noted: “He was a democrat and cosmopolitan in politics, editorial office, and everyday life - critical of communism, and every type of nationalism. And above all, he was almost unbelievably kind, warm, tolerant, cheerful, and always wearing a smile. As if he was born in another or a different era? He was an honest and good man. That is the first thing that, after his death, everyone who knew him would write and comment about. How many of us will be able to boast of such epithets when we are gone? “When he comes to us, the whole day remains beautiful,” was the comment of one of the saleswomen in his neighbourhood. “He is a good father, grandfather, and husband. The only thing he couldn’t stand was human stupidity. For everything else, he was tolerant,” his wife wrote to me the night before he left us!”

I owe a lot more to Mihal Ramač. I hope that the journalistic and literary community of Vojvodina will arrange to keep his name alive through an award or a foundation.

Mihal Ramač

Mihal Ramač in the panel at the Food Talk conference, Salaš 137, October 2022

Mihal Ramač on Window, September 1991

Ramač as Corax saw him