FS
FACTSHEET Nº 5 — 12 | 2014
DELTAMETROPOLIS ASSOCIATION INDEPENDENT NETWORK FOR METROPOLITAN DEVELOPMENT
FOR ASSOCIATION MEMBERS / PARTNERS
UPCOMING CULTURAL CLUSTERS SHAPE OUR CITIES! Rotterdam-Noord
FACTSHEET Nº 5 — 12 | 2014
Van Nelle Ontwerpfabriek
Binnenrotte Schouwburgplein
Witte de Withstraat
Museumpark
Kop van Zuid Deliplein Maassilo
RDM Campus
Number of cultural clusters A look at the map reveals: Rotterdam features very few established cultural interaction environments. If upcoming cases are included, we discover a much broader range of sites activated by cultural use. This FactSheet discusses the potential of upcoming clusters for the application of interaction environments in the planning practice. It takes an in-depth look at the established cluster Schouwburgplein (SBP) and the upcoming cluster Rotterdam-Noord (RDN).
CULTURAL INTERACTION ENVIRONMENTS IN ROTTERDAM established cultural clusters
upcoming cultural clusters
“A cultural cluster has at least three cultural institutions within a walking distance of not more than five minutes from each other, and draws at least 500.000 visitors per year”. Cultural facilities in these kinds of areas are: museums, theatres, music venues, discussion centres and libraries. de Hoog 2013: 47
Are “clusters […] which have not (yet) reached the 500.000 visitors per 5 minute walking distance definition, but are of big influence on the city” . Vereniging Deltametropool 2011: 16
8
30
30 25
25
20 15
PLEIN
number of events
5
80
70
60
50
50
40
40
30
30
20
20
10
other
10
10
2011
0
2012 2010
2013 2011
25
20
2014 0 2012
2013 2010
20142011
2012
2013
30
10
Arts 0
Media & Media & Enterrainment
Aert van Nesstraat 45 – 13e etage, 3012 CA Rotterdam PO box 600, 3000 AP Rotterdam, The Netherlands 80
80
er of events
20
mber of events
NOORD NOORD
vironments. Bussum: THOTH Publishers | Vereniging Deltametropool, (2011)
nl | http://zohorotterdam.nl |
20
Events are important platforms for displaySCHOUWBURGPL ing cultural products and are therefore critically intertwined with actors at the NOORD sites. n At the same time,SCHOUWBURGPLEIN they are used to introduce newly opened up NOORD realms to users. This graph refers to events in open spaces.
40
| de Hoog, M., (2013) The Dutch metropolis: Designing quality interaction en-
Media & nment
15 0
25 30 Schouwburgplein
15
Rotterdam-Noord
Castronomy
2010
+31 (0)10 7370 340 | www.deltametropool.nl 70 secretariaat@deltametropool.nl
2010
2011
2012
60
new walking routes
Creative Services
improved walking routes new walking routes
Creative Services
60
new nodes and places improved walking routes
Media70& Enterrainment
0
open plin ths
number of events
80
number of events
Arts
50
80
new nodes and places
number of events
NOORD
Media & 40 Enterrainment
and Bauhaus-Universität Weimar.
www.hofbogen.nl| www.schouwburgpleinrotterdam.nl | www.stationhofplein.
10
0
number of spatial interventions
Castronomy
Arts Report TiP: Cultural Clusters | Interviews July 2014 | www.facebook.com |
30
10 5
10 5 0
number of spatial interventions
holder perspective on interaction environments’ other with Deltametropolis Association
Arts
open plinths
new walking routes
20 15
open plinths
SCHOUWBURGPLEIN
NOORD
number of spatial intervention s
SCHOUWBURG
NOORD
Arts
Isabel Neumann, research for the thesis-project ‘starting from the makers - a stake-
SOURCES
5
5 0
30
improved walking routes
new nodes and places
new walking routes
improved walking routes
new nodes and places
25
2014
open plinths
15
10
20
open plinths
new walking routes
new walking routes
2013
improved walking routes
public
private
2012
improved walking routes
2011
new nodes and places
NOORD
2010
new nodes and places
80
169
70
60
40
50
30
20
10
0
NOORD
80
70
60
60
30 The on-going discussion on cultural interaction environ- Castronomy Castronomy Castronomy ments needs to shift attention from the established clusters 20 other 70 towards the potential in our cities; possess the other public Media & places that other means and actors that leadEnterrainment to their transformation! Isabelpublic10 public 60 private Neumann’s thesis, titled ‘Starting from the makers’ provides Creative Services 0 private private a good starting point for this. Request your copy via the office of Deltametropolis Association! 50
PLEIN
RGPLEIN
Arts
Media & Enterrainment
public
private
Castronomy
other
Arts
Arts
t
number of spatial
new nodes and placesinterventions
private
70
SCHOUWBURGPLEIN SCHOUWBURGPLEIN
AUTHOR
Media & Enterrainmen
50
40
structural public Media & funding entrepreneurial Enterrainment
Creative Services
Rotterdam-Noord
walking rou Development of number of events at SBP and new RDN tes
169
other
number of spatial interventions
public
80
NOORD NOORD NOORD
Cre
ative Services
Castronomy
other
20
0
NOORD
private
169
number of events
Different from established clusters, foremost situated in prominent and well maintained city areas, upcoming clusters allocate sites that earlier improved wal have been characterized by decline. These pioneering efforts find their king routes expression in spatial interventions.
private
Creative Arts Services
ate
Schouwburgplein
private
De Hoog’s focus on established cultural clusters pays attention to locations Creative Services NOORD that are characterized by a smallArts number of outstanding cultural faciliArts ties. These are often structurally funded with public money. Upcoming cultural clusters are characterized by a variety Castronomy of smallMedia cultural facilities, & Media & established on an entrepreneurialEnterrainment base. The number of Enterrainment facilities correspond with the number of activities.
LEIN
ic
number of events
public
2014
8
2013
8
onomy
169
public
Arts
Media & Enterrainmen t
Number of spatial interventions at case studies, 2014
public
169
Creative Services
IMPACT OF CULTURAL CLUSTERS, SCHOUWBURGPLEIN AND ROTTERDAM-NOORD
2012
private
NOORD
a& rainment
Castronomy
A different share of structurally public funded and private organized facilities translates into different activities in the creative sector taking place at the sites. Schouwburgplein shows a high share of classical arts related facilities and exhibits typical inner city functions, such as gastronomy and retail. The upcoming cluster is mainly active in creative production and/or service provision.
Institutional make-up, based on number of structurally funded facilities
RDN
NOORD
other
2011
SBP
Arts
gastronomy
SCHOUWBURGPLEIN SCHOUWBURGPLEIN NOORD public SBP RDN
8
tive ces
169
SCHOUWBUR Creative Services GPLEIN
arts
8
2010
8
Number of facilities
10
private
SCHOUWBUR GPLEIN
media & enterntainment
public
COMPOSITION OF CULTURAL CLUSTERS AT SCHOUWBURGPLEIN (SBP) AND private ROTTERDAM-NOORD (RDN)
Rotterdam-Noord creative production & services
30
FACTSHEET Nº 5 — 12 | 2014
NOORD
Media & Enterrainment
Schouwburgplein
NOORD
public
N
Activities in cultural industries at SBP and RDN, in number of companies
other
N
Creative Services
UPCOMING CULTURAL CLUSTERS SHAPE OUR CITIES! Interaction environments are a relatively new planning topic in the Netherlands. Maurits de Hoog coined the concept in his book ‘The Dutch Metropolis’, which focuses on the debate on places of encounter. Cultural interaction environments, cultural clusters in his terminology, are open public spaces with major cultural facilities, such as theatres, museums or concert venues. In our cities, these are very important places of encounter, attracting high numbers of visitors. Upcoming cultural clusters mainly consist of private facilities in the creative sector. Although they by far do not reach the visitor numbers de Hoog emphasizes, in many ways they do have a big impact on the urban environment and should thus be considered as areas with potential. Based on our research towards upcoming and established clusters in Rotterdam, we state: “Upcoming cultural interaction environments shape our cities”! This is reflected in: plinths that have been opened up, the establishment of169 new walking routes and new nodes in the ur8 ban network, a general rise in use of the sites - based on the set-up of offices and other businesses - and a rise in events 169 taking place. A closer look at upcoming interaction environments confirms these areas as catalysts for urban development, where entrepreneurs transform formerly secluded urban areas into more coherent and actively used parts of cities. This can be observed very well in Rotterdam.
Castronomy
other
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