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AR LY Y E ARS FO U NDATION S TA G E BO O KL ET
GEOGRAPHY YEAR 8 S UM MER BO O KL ET Contents Week 1: Deforestation & Bar Charts Week 2: Continents and Oceans Week 3: Tropical Storms Week 4: Grid References & Map symbols Week 5: Population Pyramids Week 6: Pick a Country #See #Celebrate #Reward
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Geography
Geography
WEEK 1
WEEK 1 DEFORESTATION
BAR CHARTS
Can you unscramble these words and phrases to show major global causes of deforestation?
Use the data from the table below to plot a bar chart to show changing rates of deforestation in the Amazon.
TDBE
YAPEMTNS
ALIGELL
*Data is km² lost per year.
NIGLOGG
Title: A Bar Chart to show
MDENAD OFR DOORAHWD 30,000
MFRANGI
Map of the location of the World’s Tropical Rainforests cut down South
East Asia
deforestation
2
inside Equator America
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• The tropical rainforest is sometimes called ‘jungle’. • The tropical rainforests are found in South A____________, West Africa and South E_____ A______. • The largest area of tropical rainforest is found in S_____ America. • The E_______ passes through the middle of the Rain forests. • The Rain forests lie i_______ the Tropics • Unfortunately, many areas of the world’s rainforests are being c___ d_____. • This is called d_______________ .
15,000 10,000 5,000
2003
TROPICAL RAINFORESTS
20,000
2002
ODRHY - YCITRIETLEC
KM2 lost per year
25,000
Year
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
18000
25000
27000
18000
13000
11000
12000
7000
6500
6000
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Geography
Geography
WEEK 2
4
WEEK 2
CONTINENTS & OCEANS
CONTINENTS & OCEANS
Unscramble the names of the continents and oceans.
From space, the Earth looks like a sphere, or ball, containing land and water. A globe is a model of the Earth and shows what it looks like from space. Some globes show how the land is divided into 195 different countries. All the countries on our planet are located in seven different continents.
A.
FRAACI
B.
EPOERU
C.
ALASAISARTU
D.
AAIS
E.
NARRMEICAOHT
F.
OSHETARMIAU
G.
CPICIFA
H.
CATRIC
I.
CIATANLT
J.
NIDAIN
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CAN YOU LABEL THE CONTINENTS AND OCEANS? Continents
Oceans
• Europe • Africa • North America • South America • Asia • Australasia • Antarctica
• Atlantic • Pacific • Indian • Arctic
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Geography
Geography
WEEK 3
WEEK 3
TROPICAL STORMS
HURRICANE RECIPE
Hurricanes are the most violent storms on the planet and cause tremendous destruction. They are also called tropical storms, typhoons or cyclones, depending on their geographical location, e.g. tropical storms which form over the western Pacific Ocean are called typhoons.
USE AN ATLAS/PLANNER TO LABEL THE WORLD MAP BELOW WITH: • the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans • the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn
• five countries affected by tropical storms i.e. hurricanes, cyclones or typhoons.
Giveyour yourhurricane hurricanea aname name- you - youcould use Give could useto alliteration toits emphasise its alliteration emphasise destructiveness. Recipe title:
What does a hurricane need to form?
Title:
Try to use alliteration, e.g. horrifying hurricane ham!
Ingredients
Step-by-step guide to forming a hurricane…
To form a hurricane needs: • A sea surface temperature of …….. ° C • H………………………….... • M……………………………
Nutrition
What are the results of a hurricane? (wind speed etc.)
Hurricanes generate: • Wind speeds of …………….....mph • Rainfall of ……………… cm per hour • Towering clouds that are
Include some appropriate images to represent your words visually. Step-by-step how does it form? Your diagrams from the worksheet.
………………………..
Safety What should you do to stay safe in a hurricane?
What do you recommend to do in the event of a hurricane? Use your knowledge of what the effects are.
USEFUL WEBSITES BBC Bitesize:
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Geography in the News:
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Geography
Geography
WEEK 3
WEEK 3
HURRICANE RECIPE
TROPICAL STORMS
Recipe title:
Title:
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Try to use alliteration, e.g. horrifying hurricane ham!
Ingredients
Step-by-step guide to forming a hurricane…
• M……………………………
Nutrition Hurricanes generate: • Wind speeds of …………….....mph • Rainfall of ……………… cm per hour • Towering clouds that are …………….....m high
Safety What should you do to stay safe in a hurricane?
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WEATHER
HURRICANE
TORNADO
HUMIDITY
COLD
AIR PRESSURE
FRONT
WIND SPEED
DEPRESSION
CUMULONIMBUS
ATMOSPHERE
CLOUDS
WIND DIRECTION
CLIMATE
LOW
FRONTAL RAINFALL
TEMPERATURE
STRATUS
CUMULUS
FORECAST
RELIEF RAINFALL
CONVECTIONAL
ANTICYCLONE
HIGH
WARM
METEOROLOGY
CIRRUS
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Geography
Geography
WEEK 4
WEEK 4
GRID REFERENCES
MAP SYMBOLS
The rule is that you do the bottom numbers first and the numbers up the side second.
A map is a representation of places which can show Physical or Human Geography. Maps were often on paper however now maps are electronic and can be used on phones, tablets and Sat Navs. All maps use symbols. Symbols are used so we can show different features on maps. Map symbols are the same on all maps.
“Along the corridor and then up the stairs”
Then do this:
25 24
Answer these questions below:
23 22 21 20 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14
First do this:
ACTIVITY
1. 2. 3. 4.
What is a map symbol? What are map symbols used for? Are map symbols used on all maps? How has the presentation of maps changed over recent years?
CHALLENGE: CAN YOU IDENTIFY ANOTHER 10 SYMBOLS? Frog Flower Penguin Pigeon Lobster Christmas tree
12 11 10 09
Identify the map symbols Use the following pages to help
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Treble clef Desert island
08 Recycling Pumpkin
07 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14
10
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Geography
Geography
WEEK 4
WEEK 4
MAP SYMBOLS
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MAP SYMBOLS
Delta Academies Trust
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Geography
Geography
WEEK 4
WEEK 5
MAP SYMBOLS
POPULATION PYRAMIDS
UK POPULATION DATA
Population pyramids are graphs that show population structures, ie how many males and females of different age groups are in the population in each place. Population structures change from place to place and over time.
The map below shows a section of an Ordnance Survey map of Keswick. Ordnance Survey are the UK’s official map makers. Study the Ordnance Survey map of Keswick. What do the following symbols mean? 1. The blue letter ‘P’ 2. The blue caravan 3. The black plus sign 4. The brown leaf 5. The yellow road 6. The letters ‘PC’ What evidence can you find on the map to show that Keswick gets lots of tourists?
Population structures differ markedly between rich (HIC) and poor (LIC) countries. The shape of a population pyramid can tell us a lot about an area’s population. Usually pyramids are drawn with the % of male population on the left and % of female population on the right. It gives us information about birth and death rates as well as life expectancy.
LIC
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Male
Age
Female
3.1
0-4
3.0
3.2
5-9
3.0
2.9
10-14
2.8
2.8
15-19
2.7
3.1
20-24
3.0
3.4
25-29
3.3
3.4
30-34
3.4
3.2
35-39
3.2
3.1
40-44
3.1
3.3
45-49
3.4
3.6
50-54
3.7
3.1
55-59
3.1
3.5
60-64
3.7
3.2
65-69
3.3
2.6
70-74
2.7
2.5
75-79
2.7
2.0
80+
3.0
HIC
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Geography
Geography
WEEK 5
WEEK 6
POPULATION PYRAMID UK
PICK A COUNTRY - TASK
Using the data on the previous page, plot a population pyramid for The UK (HIC)
Research the country to create a geographical profile about it. Your profile must include: • • • • •
The country’s flag A map of the country Population statistics Climate information Five other facts
EXAMPLES
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Geography
Geography
ANSWERS - WEEK 1 & 2 DEFORESTATION
CONTINENTS AND OCEANS
• Debt payments
A. Africa
• Illegal logging
B. Europe
• Demand for hardwood
C. Australasia
• Framing
D. Asia
• Hydroelectricity
E. North America
ANSWERS - WEEK 3 & 4 ACTIVITY 1STORMS - CONTINENTS TROPICAL
GRID Frog: 0811 Flower: 1010 Penguin: 0708 Pigeon: 1309 Lobster: 1107 Christmas tree 1211 Treble clef: 0710 Desert island: 0807 Recycling: 1208 Pumpkin: 0909
F. South America G. Pacific
TROPICAL RAINFORESTS • The tropical rainforest is sometimes called ‘jungle’. • The tropical rainforests are found in South America, West Africa and South East Asia. • The largest area of tropical rainforest is found in South America. • The Equator passes through the middle of the Rain forests. • The Rain forests lie inside the Tropics.
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H. Arctic I.
Atlantic
J. Indian
CONTINENTS AND OCEANS Label the continents and oceans
MAP SYMBOLS
• Unfortunately, many areas of the world’s rainforests are being cut down.
1. A representation of places.
• This is called deforestation.
4. Maps are now electronic on mobile phones, Tablets, Sat Nav.
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2. To show features and landmarks. 3. No – see activity 4, sometimes just places are identified.
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Geography
Geography
ANSWERS - WEEK 4
NOTES
MAP SYMBOLS Identify the map symbols
1.
2.
Woodland / open space 3.
4.
5.
Bus / Coach Station 7.
Place of Worship
9.
Picnic Site
6.
Public Convenience
Nature Reserve 8.
Motorway
Place of worship with a spire
Railway Station 10.
Camp site
MAP SYMBOLS - ORDNANCE SURVEY 1. Car Park 2. Caravan Site 3. Place of Worship 4. National Trust 5. Road generally more than 4m wide. 6. Public Convenience. • Lots of blue symbols – ‘Tourist Information’.
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Geography
Geography
NOTES
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NOTES
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