ENERGY AUDIT REPORT by Deng Xinyi

ENERGY AUDIT REPORT NAME: DENG XINYI 0333924 TUTOR: DR SITI NORZAINI ZAINAL ABIDIN ENERGY & ARCHITECTURE (ARC 61904)

0 1 C L I M AT E P R O F I L E 0 2 T E M P E R AT U R E S T U D Y

0 3 FA Ç A D E S T U D Y & U - VA L U E

0 4 W E E K D AY H O U R LY U S A G E

0 5 W E E K E N D H O U R LY U S A G E

06 ENERGY LOAD PROFI LE

0 7 E N E R G Y C O N S U M P T I O N PAT T E R N

0 8 E N E R G Y A N D W AT E R C O M S U M P T I O N

0 9 E N E R G Y S Y S T E M A N D E N E R G Y S AV I N G P O T E N T I A L

0 1 C L I M AT E P R O F I L E The unit 22-22a is located at the top floor of the building which have a garden beside and above

Roof garden

Unit 22-22A Room

Sky garden Open space

Downstairs resident

Natural Ventilation SITE LOCATION PLAN Location: DK Senza Residence, Jalan Taylors, PJS 7, Bandar Sunway, 46150 Subang Jaya, Selangor Building typology: Mixed-Type High Rise Condominium Residential

Number of occupant 2 people ( student )

The wind rose showed the wind direction of the site mostly come from the south direction, which the balcony is also located at the south direction. This affect the temperature of the space.

The graph above shows the maximum temperature in Subang Jaya. It shows Subang Jaya is mostly 25°C-32°C. The precipitation level also affect the temperature.

The wind enter the living room and bedroom area when the window and sliding door remain open. Which increase the human comfort

Days with less than 20% cloud cover are considered as sunny, with 20-80% cloud cover as partly cloudy and with more than 80% as overcast.

0 2 T E M P E R AT U R E S T U D Y

9am

12pm

Kitchen

Bedroom 1

Kitchen

Bedroom 1

Dinning room

Master Master bedroom bedroom

Living Room

Dinning room

Bedroom 2

Bedroom 2 Living room

Living room

Master bedroom

Balcony

Living room

Master bedroom

Living room

Roof slab cast shadow toward living room area, therefore the living room has lower temperature through the day.

Balcony

Higher temperature space

Lower temperature space

Observation:

Balcony

Temperature And Illuminance Level In Different Spaces

During morning time more spaces will be warmer which the building is facing the East side which gain the morning sun. Also, there are a lot of glazing been use in the spaces this allowed more sunlight to passes into the building to make the space become warmer. Through the observation the U-value of the façade are the main element that effect the temperature of the interior space, which the direct sunlight passes into the building through the glazing. Therefore, the u-value of the glazing is the most important point that will affect the temperature of the interior spaces.

Illuminance Level Dinning area has the highest illuminance level. Because there is an opening Infront, and it also gain the highest temperature

Internal Temperature In Different Space Space

Bedroom 1

Dinning room

Open space Bedroom 2

Bedroom 2

8am

Kitchen

6pm

Bedroom 1

Master bedroom

4pm

9:00 AM

12:00 PM

4:00 PM

Living room

Kitchen

Dinning Area

Master Bed Room

Bed Room 1

Bed Room 2

Balcony

U-Value: 5.88

Single gazing window is been use in the building façade. The glazing having a u-value of 5.88 W/m2k which allowed more sunlight passes through but at the same time more heat transmitted into the building.

6pm

From the table above which show the dining area has the higher temperature due to expose toward evening sun.

Space

Artificial light diagram

8am

Illuminance Level

Kitchen

Average LUX level

Recommended LUX

Living Room

460 Lux

300-400 lux

Dining Room

504 Lux

300-400 lux

Kitchen

119 Lux

200-300 lux

Master Bedroom

316 Lux

300-400 lux

Bedroom 1

160 Lux

200-300 lux

Bedroom 2

210 Lux

200-300 lux

From the table indicate that the kitchen area and bedroom 1 has low illuminance level which both space face inside the building and get less natural sunlight .

Bedroom 2

Dinning room

Bedroom 1 Living room Master bedroom

Illuminance level High

Low

The diagram showed the location of the light at different spaces. During morning to afternoon no light is been open due to the activity's spaces use the most ( dining room & master bedroom) are rich in daylighting. When the kitchen is been use the light will be open due to low illuminance level During nighttime the dinning room, living room and master bedroom use the most artificial light more energy consumption.

0 3 FA Ç A D E S T U D Y & U - VA L U E Roof Top Garden

Concreate Louver R.C. roof slab (water proofing)

Concrete Masonry Unit Wall (Plastered) Single Glass Glazing

Concrete Masonry Unit Wall (Plastered)

Glass Railing

Indoor Balcony

Living Room

Outdoor

Entrance To Unit

Dining Area

ELEVATION 1

Brick wall

Cement plaster Roof Top Garden

Concreate Louver

Paint

R.C. roof slab (water proofing) Concrete Masonry Unit Wall (Plastered) UBBL CLAUSE 38 A : The U-Value of the wall is lower than 2.7 W/m2K (U-Value of typical 150 mm wall with clay bricks 12mm screed both sides).

Single Glass Glazing Pipe Railing Bedroom 1

Bathroom 1

Master Bedroom

Balcony

ELEVATION 2

U- Value calculation Concrete Masonry Unit Wall (Plastered)

R.C. Roof Slab

Layers/ Materials

Thickness (m) Conductivity (Wm/K) R- Value (K m2/W)

External Surface

0.04

Cement Plaster

0.03

0.16

0.1875

Concreate block

0.1

0.18

0.5556

Cement plaster

0.02

0.16

0.125

Internal Surface

0.13

Total U-Value (1/R) W/m2K

1.0381 0.96

The U-Value of the wall is not grater than 2.7 W/ m2k which is efficiency enough to reduce the heat transmit.

R.C. Roof Slab

Thickness (m) Conductivity (Wm/K) R- Value (K m2/W) -

0.04

0.05

0.41

0.122

0.23

0.004

Expanded polystrene

0.06

0.04

1.5

R.Cslab

0.15

2.3

0.065

0.13

External Surface Cement Screed Waterproof Membrane

Internal Surface

Total U-Value (1/R) W/m2K

1.8612 0.54

The U-Value of the flat roof slab is 0,54 which almost touch the maximum U-Value of the heavy weight roof. But at the roof top is a sky garden this reduce the heat transmit .

UBBL CLAUSE 38 A : The roof for all buildings (residential and non-residential) shall not have a thermal transmittance (U-value) greater than– 0.6 W/m2K for Heavy (above 50 kg/m2) weight roof,.

0 4 W E E K D AY H O U R LY U S A G E The table below shows the energy use per hour in weekend

No.

Space in house

Living Room

Electric Appliances

No. of Devices

Power (W)

Ciling Fan Fluorescent Circline Light WIFI Router Phone charging

1 2 1

0.065 0.032 0.0054

0.005

Power Usage / (h) Total Hour Usage /day 0000- 0100- 0200- 0300- 0400- 0500- 0600- 0700- 0800- 0900- 1000- 1100- 1200- 1300- 1400- 1500- 1600- 1700- 1800- 1900- 2000- 2100- 2200- 23000059 0159 0259 0359 0459 01559 0659 0759 0859 0959 1059 1159 1259 1359 1459 1559 1659 1759 1859 1959 2059 2159 2259 2360 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.065 0.065 0.065 0.065 0.065 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.032 24 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.005 0.005 0 0 0 0 0.005 0.005 0.005 0 0 0 0

Kitchen

Refridgerator Water Fliter Electric Rice Cooker Microwave oven Toster Electric Stove Fluorescent Circline Light Exhaust Hood

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

0.037 0.42 0.6 0.8 0.7 3 0.032 0.07

24 2 2 0.25 0.5 3 5 3

0.037 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0.037 0.42 0 0 0 0 0 0

0.037 0.42 0 0 0.35 0 0 0

0.037 0 0 0.2 0 3 0.032 0.07

0.037 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0.037 0 0.6 0 0 0 0 0

0.037 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0.037 0 0.6 0 0 3 0 0.07

0.037 0 0 0 0 3 0.032 0.07

0.037 0 0 0 0 0 0.032 0

Dinning Area

Ciling Fan Fluorescent Circline Light Laptop 1 Charging

1 2 1

0.065 0.032 0.18

17 8 8

0.065 0.032 0.18

0.065 0.032 0

0 0 0

0.065 0 0

0.065 0 0.18

0.065 0 0

0.065 0.032

0.065 0.032 0.18

Master Bed Room

Fluorescent tube Light Ciling Fan Air Conditioner Panasonic Hair Dryer Table lamp 1 (LED ) Table lamp 2 (LED)

1 1 1 1 1 1

0.04 0.065 0.79 2.8 0.0053 0.003

6 13 9 0.5 3 2

0.04 0 0.8 0 0.005 0

0.04 0 0.8 0 0 0

0 0 0.8 0 0 0

0 0.065 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0

0.04 0 0 0 0 0

0.04 0.065 0 1.4 0 0

0.04 0.065 0 0 0.005 0.003

0.04 0 0.8 0 0.005 0.003

Phone Charging Laptop 2 Charging Ipad Charging

2 1 1

0.005 0.06 0.01

5 8 4

0 0 0

0.005 0 0

0 0.06 0

0 0.06 0.01

0 0.06 0

0.005 0 0

0 0 0

0.06 0

0 0

0.06 0.36

0.06 0

Bath Room 1

Incandescent Light Water Heater

1 1

0.06 0.36

3 1

Bath Room 2

Incandescent Light Water Heater

1 1

0.06 0.36

0.25 0

0 0

0.015 0

0 0

Bed Room 1

Air conditioner York Fluorescent Light Ciling Fan

1 1 1

1.22 0.04 0.065

0 0 0

Bed Room 2

Air conditioner York Fluorescent Light

1 1

1.22 0.04

0 0

Yard

Washing Machine CFL light fixture light bulb

1 1

0.32 0.025

1 0.25

0 0

0.32 0

0 0

0 0.006

0 0

Foyer

CFL light fixture light bulb

0.025

0.25

0.006

Balcony

Fluorescent Circline Light

0.032

0.25

0 1.225

0 0.979

0 0.939

0 0.842

0 0.527

0 0.882

0 3.799

0 0.362

0 1.017

0 0.412

0 0.242

0 0.307

0 0.312

0 0.302

0 3.971

0 3.498

0 1.908

0.008 0.937

0 1.292

Living Room

Kitchen

Dining Area

0.8346 kWh

12.868 kWh

1.251 kWh

Master Bedroom

10.25 kWh

Bathroom 1

0.54 kWh

TOTAL POWER (kWh) USE IN WEEKDAY

27.44 kWh / day

135.7 kWh / week

0 5 W E E K E N D H O U R LY U S A G E The table below shows the energy use per hour in weekday Power Usage / (h) No.

Space in house

Living Room

Electric Appliances

No. of Devices

Power (W)

Total Hour Usage /day

0000- 0100- 0200- 0300- 0400- 0500- 0600- 0700- 0800- 0900- 1000- 1100- 1200- 1300- 1400- 1500- 1600- 1700- 1800- 1900- 2000- 2100- 2200- 23000059 0159 0259 0359 0459 01559 0659 0759 0859 0959 1059 1159 1259 1359 1459 1559 1659 1759 1859 1959 2059 2159 2259 2360

Ciling Fan Fluorescent Circline Light WIFI Router Phone charging

1 2 1

0.065 0.032 0.0054

8 5 24

0 0 0.005

0.065 0 0.005

0.065 0.032 0.005

0 0.032 0.005

0.005

Kitchen

Refridgerator Water Fliter Electric Rice Cooker Microwave oven Toster Electric Stove Fluorescent Circline Light Exhaust Hood

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

0.037 0.42 0.6 0.8 0.7 3 0.032 0.07

24 3 1 0.5 0.5 3 5 3

0.037 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0.037 0.42 0 0 0 0 0 0

0.037 0.42 0 0 0.35 0 0 0

0.037 0.42 0 0.4 0 3 0.032 0.07

0.037 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0.037 0 0.6 0 0 3 0 0.07

0.037 0 0 0 0 3 0.032 0.07

0.037 0 0 0 0 0 0.032 0

Dinning Area

Ciling Fan Fluorescent Circline Light Laptop 1 Charging

1 2 1

0.065 0.032 0.18

7 8 3

0 0.032 0

0 0 0

0.065 0 0

0 0 0

0.065 0 0

0.065 0.032 0

0.065 0.032 0.18

0 0.032 0.18

0 0.032 0

Master Bed Room

Fluorescent tube Light Ciling Fan Air Conditioner Panasonic Hair Dryer Table lamp 1 (LED ) Table lamp 2 (LED)

1 1 1 1 1 1

0.04 0.065 0.79 2.8 0.0053 0.003

6 14 9 0.5 3 2

0.04 0 0.79 0 0.005 0

0.04 0 0.79 0 0 0

0 0 0.79 0 0 0

0 0.065 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0

0.04 0 0 0 0 0

0.04 0.065 0 1.4 0 0

0.04 0.065 0 0 0.005 0.003

0.04 0.065 0.79 0 0.005 0.003

Phone Charging Laptop 2 Charging Ipad Charging

2 1 1

0.005 0.06 0.01

5 3 2

0 0 0

0.005 0 0

0 0.06 0

0 0 0

0 0 0.01

0 0 0

0.005 0 0

0 0 0

0.06 0

0 0

0.06 0.36

0.06 0

Bath Room 1

Incandescent Light Water Heater

1 1

0.06 0.36

3 1

Bath Room 2

Incandescent Light Water Heater

1 1

0.06 0.36

0.5 0

0 0

0.03 0

0 0

Bed Room 1

Air conditioner York Fluorescent Light Ciling Fan

1 1 1

1.22 0.04 0.065

0 0 0

Bed Room 2

Air conditioner York Fluorescent Light

1 1

1.22 0.04

0 0

Yard

Washing Machine CFL light fixture light bulb

1 1

0.32 0.025

1 0.25

0 0

0.32 0

0 0

0 0.006

0 0

Foyer

CFL light fixture light bulb

0.025

0.25

0.006

Balcony

Fluorescent Circline Light

0.032

0.25

0 0.97

0 0.904

0 0.864

0 0.832

0 0.527

0 0.882

0 4.419

0 0.182

0 0.237

0 0.232

0 0.172

0 0.182

0 0.252

0 0.242

0 3.911

0 3.498

0 1.923

0.008 0.872

0 1.102

Living Room

Kitchen

Dining Area

0.6396 kWh

12.848 kWh

2.801 kWh

Master Bedroom

9.907 kWh

Bathroom 1

0.54 kWh

TOTAL POWER (kWh) USE IN WEEKEND

25.77 kWh / day

51.22 kWh / week

06 ENERGY LOAD PROFI LE Weekday No.

Space in house

Electric Appliances

No. of Devices

Power (kW)

Weekend

Total Hour Usage Energy Comsumption /day Total Energy Usage /day (kWh) (kWh)

Total Hour Usage /day

Total Energy Comsumption /Week(7 Total Energy Usage days) (kWh)

Energy Comsumption /day (kWh)

1 Living Room

Ciling Fan Fluorescent Circline Light WIFI Router Phone charging

1 2 1 1

0.065 0.032 0.0054 0.005

5 5 24 5

0.325 0.16 0.1296 0.025 0.6396

1.625 0.8 0.648 0.125 3.198

8 5 24 5

0.52 0.16 0.1296 0.025 0.8346

1.04 0.32 0.2592 0.05 1.6692

2.665 1.12 0.9072 0.175 4.8672

2 Kitchen

Refridgerator Water Fliter Electric Rice Cooker Microwave oven Toster Electric Stove Fluorescent Circline Light Exhaust Hood

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

0.037 0.42 0.6 0.8 0.7 3 0.032 0.07

24 2 2 0.25 0.5 3 5 3

0.888 0.84 1.2 0.2 0.35 9 0.16 0.21 12.848

4.44 4.2 6 1 1.75 45 0.8 1.05 64.24

24 3 1 0.5 0.5 3 5 3

0.888 1.26 0.6 0.4 0.35 9 0.16 0.21 12.868

1.776 2.52 1.2 0.8 0.7 18 0.32 0.42 25.736

6.216 6.72 7.2 1.8 2.45 63 1.12 1.47 89.976

3 Dinning Area

Ciling Fan Fluorescent Circline Light Laptop 1 Charging

1 2 1

0.065 0.032 0.18

17 8 8

1.105 0.256 1.44 2.801

5.525 1.28 7.2 14.005

7 8 3

0.455 0.256 0.54 1.251

0.91 0.512 1.08 2.502

6.435 1.792 8.28 16.507

4 Master Bed Room

Fluorescent tube Light Ciling Fan Air Conditioner Panasonic Hair Dryer Table lamp 1 (LED ) Table lamp 2 (LED)

1 1 1 1 1 1

0.04 0.065 0.79 2.8 0.0053 0.003

0.24 0.845 7.11 1.4 0.0159 0.006

1.2 4.225 35.55 7 0.0795 0.03

6 14 9 0.5 3 2

0.24 0.91 7.11 1.4 0.0159 0.006

0.48 1.82 14.22 2.8 0.0318 0.012

1.68 6.045 49.77 9.8 0.1113 0.042

Phone Charging Laptop 2 Charging Ipad Charging

2 1 1

0.005 0.06 0.01

6 13 9 0.5 3 2 5 8 4

0.025 0.48 0.04 10.1619

0.125 2.4 0.2 50.8095

5 3 2

0.025 0.18 0.02 9.9069

0.05 0.36 0.04 19.8138

0.175 2.76 0.24 70.6233

5 Bath Room 1

Incandescent Light Water Heater

1 1

0.06 0.36

3 1

0.18 0.36 0.54

0.9 1.8 2.7

3 1

0.18 0.36 0.54

0.36 0.72 1.08

1.26 2.52 3.78

6 Bath Room 2

Incandescent Light Water Heater

1 1

0.06 0.36

0.25 0

0.015 0 0.015

0.075 0 0.075

0.5 0

0.03 0 0.03

0.06 0 0.06

0.135 0 0.135

7 Bed Room 1

Air conditioner York Fluorescent Light Ciling Fan

1 1 1

1.22 0.04 0.065

0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0 0

8 Bed Room 2

Air conditioner York Fluorescent Light

1 1

1.22 0.04

0 0

0 0 0

0 0

0 0 0

9 Yard

Washing Machine CFL light fixture light bulb

1 1

0.32 0.025

1 0.25

0.32 0.00625 0.32625

0.64 0.03125 0.67125

1 0.25

0.32 0.00625 0.32625

0.32 0.0125 0.3325

0.96 0.04375 1.00375

10 Foyer

CFL light fixture light bulb

0.025

0.25

0.00625

0.01875

0.25

0.00625

0.0125

0.03125

11 Balcony

Fluorescent Circline Light

0.032

0.25

0.008

0.016 135.7335

0.25

0.008

0.016 51.222

0.032 186.9555

Total Energy Use In Weekday = 135.73kWh

+ Total Energy Use In Weekend = 51.22 kWh

= Total Energy Use In A Week = 186.9 kWh Total Energy Use In A Month 186.9 x 4 kWh = 747.6kWh Washing machine and the light in foyer is not been use every day in a week. Washing machine Weekday: 3 times Weekend: 1times Light (Foyer) Weekday: 3 times Weekend: 2 times

0 7 E N E R G Y C O N S U M P T I O N PAT T E R N

Top Energy Consumption Appliance

Energy Consumption (Monthly)

Total Energy Usage At Different Spaces During Weekday & Weekend 0.0125 0.01875

Foyer

Energy consumption of bedroom 1 and 2 are 0 kWh. this is because there are no people staying in the room .

0.3325 0.67125

Yard

SPACE

Air Conditioner Panasonic 30%

0.016 0.016

Balcony

Bed Room 2

0 0

Bed Room 1

0 0

Bath Room 2

0.06 0.075

19.8138

Master Bed Room 2.502

Dinning Area

14.005 25.736

Electric Rice Cooker 4% Refridgerator

64.24

1.6692 3.198

Living Room 0

Ciling Fan (master bedroom) Hair Dryer 6% Laptop 1 Charging 5%

50.8095

Kitchen

TOTAL ENERGY USAGE (kWh) Weekend

Water Fliter 4%

Ciling Fan (dinning area) 4%

Air Conditioner Panasonic

Ciling Fan (master bedroom)

Hair Dryer

Laptop 1 Charging

Ciling Fan (dinning area)

Water Fliter

Refridgerator

Electric Rice Cooker

Electric Stove

Starting from 9am, daily activities started carry out. Energy usage increases. Energy consumption mainly in Kitchen, dining area and bedroom

4.5

During nighttime, no activities conducted. AC in the bedroom used the most energy during this time.

ENERGY USAGE (kWh)

In the evening, energy consumption increases due to turning on of artificial light in different spaces

In the afternoon activities happening in same place and natural light is been use. Lower energy consumption.

2.5

During 8am AC being turn off energy usage decreases.

1.5

Less activities conducted during this time. Most activities happen in same place

In the weekend activities happen in different spaces higher energy consumption.

26.9 kWh

Master Bedroom

24.18 kWh Dining area

The data is been taken during MCO period, therefore the energy consumption pattern between weekday and weekend are similar.

Total resident: 2 Morning: 9-10 am Cooking: kitchen Eating: Dinning area Bath: Toilet 1 Reading: Living Room Cleaning: bedroom

Studying: Dinning area & Bedroom

Evening: 7-10pm 12

Cooking: kitchen Eating: Dinning area Resting: Living Room

Night : 12-9am

TIME (h) Weekend

24.86 kWh

Activities Pattern

Afternoon: 12-6pm

0.5 0

28.8 kWh

Student

33.12 kWh

25.74 kWh

Hourly Energy Usage During Weekday & Weekend

3.5

39.2 kWh

Weekday

The bar cart above indicated the total energy usage in each spaces in the house during weekdays and weekend. The result shows that the master bedroom, kitchen and living room use the most energy compare to other space.

199.08 kWh

Electric Stove 39%

1.08 2.7

Bath Room 1

252 kWh

Weekday

Sleeping: Bedroom

0 8 E N E R G Y A N D W AT E R C O M S U M P T I O N Water Consumption

Electric Bill The electricity of the unit are using top up method the picture and the right shows the amount of electricity being top up during May and June. MAY 2021

The picture above showed the water consumption of 2 members for 30days during April and May. JUNE 2021

The water consumption in April is 12m2 with amount of RM27.36 The water consumption in April is 13m2 with amount of RM29.64

Water Usage April 2021 Consumption Rate (m3) Average Daily Consumption per Person (litres)

Water Usage MAY 2021 Consumption Rate (m3)

Block Tariff (kWh) Rate (RM/kWh) Current Purchase (kWh) Cost (RM) 0.435 0.509 1 0 0.016

200 315 0 515 243.34 515

Total Current Purchase (kWh)

4.21.2021 - 5.15.2021

416

200

5.15.2021 - 6.14.2021

609

300

Date

From 4/21-5/15 the energy usage in the unit during this 25 days is 416 kWh average 16.6 kWh / day From the result the energy use per month is about 515.8 kWh. Which less then the result from the table. Due to the less AC usage.

Usage (kWh) RM Total Usage (RM) KWTBB (1.6%)

216.67

Average Daily Consumption per Person (litres)

Energy Consumption

0-200 >201 Misc Charge ICPT Charge Tax

Non- taxable 515 211.34 211.34

Taxable

87 160.34 0 0 4 251.34 Total

200

Total Energy Usage CO2 Emission Electric Usage : 515.8 kWh

CO2 Emissions 358.104 KgCo2 Water Usage: 13m2

CO2 Emissions 54.47 KgCo2

215.34

Total CO2 Emissions : 0.41 Ton CO2

215.34 3.45 218.79

10.6 trees to be planted in order to absorb the total CO2 Emissions.

Total Payment/Month (RM)

0 9 E N E R G Y S Y S T E M A N D E N E R G Y S AV I N G P O T E N T I A L ISSUE: The opening at the living and dinning room facing the north side. Which exposes to the direct sunlight. Thurs, the temperature of the internal space will be higher. Electric devices been used to reduce the internal temperature, which will increase the energy consumption.

Kitchen

Bedroom 1

6pm

Bedroom 2

Proposal 1: Replace The Single Glazing Window To Double glazing + Low-E Coating Window Low-E, or low-emissivity, glass was created to minimize the amount of infrared and ultraviolet light that comes through your glass, without minimizing the amount of light that enters your home.

Dining area

Master bedroom

8am

Living room

Balcony

Low-E glass

Living Room

With solar control low-e glass, the coating is applied off-line to pre-cut glass in a vacuum chamber at room temperature. This coating, sometimes referred to as a “soft-coat,” needs to be sealed in an IG or laminated unit and has low-emissivity and superior solar control performance.

Replace the single glazing window which facing the northeast side to double glazing + low-e coating window to reduce U-value.

Dining Area

U-value from 5.88 drop to 2.01

Proposal 2: Add Shading Devices The opening toward the master bedroom, living room and dining area so expose to direct sunlight which transmit heat into the space. Electric devices need to be used to lower the temperature.

Horizontal overhang

Energy cost savings The airtight construction of double-glazed windows creates thermal insulation. This reduces the flow of incoming and outgoing heat. Less energy is used to cool down the space, resulting in lower energy bills.

Shading devices on the external side of the window. Correctly designed, these sun controls are the most effective of all for reducing solar radiation since the absorbed heat is dissipated externally. Substitute louvers for the solid dropped edge to let in more light

Adjustable horizontal louver, can be adjust according to different needs

Advantages

Horizontal louvers overhang for more diffuse light while still shading

Sound insulation Double glazed windows improve sound insulation by creating a barrier between the home and the environment outside.

Slop overhang for less projection

Less condensation Double glazed windows reduce the amount of moisture on your windowpanes, as the airtight seal prevents the condensation from building up. Other windows often allow condensation to build up which causes windowpanes to have mould in.

Disadvantage Cost More Initially. there are two panes of glass instead of just one, double glazed windows cost more.

E N E R G Y S Y S T E M A N D E N E R G Y S AV I N G P O T E N T I A L Proposal 3: Implement Green Space IISUE: There is a big open space on

Advantage

the northeast side of the houses which the sunlight will pass into the building from that area. The unit lacking green space.

Cooler Buildings.

A green space can be implemented toward the area to block the direct sunlight.

Surrounding your home with trees and plants also creates a more temperate indoor atmosphere. This can save quite a bit on air conditioning expenses. Greener outside=more greenback inside. Urban air temperatures can soar during summer months, as asphalt and concrete soak up sun and create heat sinks.

Improved air quality. Trees remove shocking amounts of pollutants from the air. Research has found that one acre of trees can remove 13 tons of gases and particles on a yearly basis. Trees “breathe in” the carbon dioxide that our cars spit out, and in exchange they provide us with fresh oxygen to breathe.

Proposal 4:Solar Panel System The electric devices consume the most energy in the unit. The open space area can get the most daylighting which having a potential to place the solar panel.

Advantage Reduces Electricity Bills Since you will be meeting some of your energy needs with the electricity your solar system has generated, your energy bills will drop. How much you save on your bill will be dependent on the size of the solar system and your electricity or heat usage.

Solar Panels are panels that are typically placed on a household’s roof to absorb energy from the sun. The panels convert this energy (sunlight) into Direct Current electricity (DC electricity). This DC energy is then fed into the inverter.

Diverse Applications Solar energy can be used for diverse purposes. You can generate electricity (photovoltaics) or heat (solar thermal). Solar energy can be used to produce electricity in areas without access to the energy grid, to distil water in regions with limited clean water supplies and to power satellites in space.

E N E R G Y S Y S T E M A N D E N E R G Y S AV I N G P O T E N T I A L Energy Savings (Short Term ) Air Conditioning System

199.08 kWh / month

Electric Devices

Water Savings Implement rainwater harvesting system

From the data, air conditioning system consume high energy compare to other devices.

Clean air conditional filter frequently for more efficiency usage.

Use of 5-Star appliances will reduce electricity consumption and electricity bills at home. This will in turn produce disposable household income or household disposable income is higher, especially in the long run that will improve the quality of life.

Lighting System Set timer before sleep to save energy

Set temperature to 24ºC can result 24%of energy saving.

Collecting and using rainwater to replace municipal water use reduces your water bill.

Replace traditional light bulb to LED light.

LED lighting means sustainable lighting in so many ways. First, LED lights save up to 90% energy compared to a traditional bulb with the same light output.

Maximize the usage of natural sunlight to reduce artificial light usage in the day. Shading devices to avoid glare

REFERENCE LIST ditor in Chief. (2017, January 14). 9 Advantages and Disadvantages of Double Glazed Windows. ConnectUS. https://connectusfund.org/9-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-double-glazed-windows Low-e glass. (n.d.). BUILD. Retrieved June 19, 2021, from https://build.com.au/low-e-glass Passive Low-e Glass for Warmer Climates | by Vitro. (n.d.). Vitro. Retrieved June 19, 2021, from http://www.vitrowindowglass.com/window_glass/solarcontrol_lowe.aspx Double Glazing Network. (2018, October 9). What are the advantages of double glazed windows? https://www.doubleglazingnetwork.com/blog/benefits-double-glazed-windows/ shading Device - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics. (n.d.). Science Direct. Retrieved June 19, 2021, from https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/shading-device Bot Protection. (n.d.). Property Guru. Retrieved June 19, 2021, from https://www.propertyguru.com.my/property-guides/solar-panel-malaysia-what-you-need-to-know-22910 Tadewaldt, L. (2018, November 7). The Benefits of Adding Green Space to your Property. Urban Forest Professionals - Portland. https://www.urbanforestprofessionals.com/blog/the-benefits-of-adding-green-space-to-your-property/ Solar Market. (1970, January 1). Solar Arriving on Bus and Train Station Rooftops in WA. https://www.solarmarket.com.au/residential-solar/parts-of-a-solar-pv-system/ M. (n.d.). Energy Efficient Label. Welcome to MyTNB Portal. Retrieved June 19, 2021, from https://www.mytnb.com.my/energy-efficiency/home-energy-savings-tips/energy-efficient-label Saraswathy, M. (2019, December 10). Explained: Why you should keep the AC at 24°C. Moneycontrol. https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/economy/explained-why-you-should-keep-the-ac-at-24c-4711541.html Maxwell-Gaines, C. (2018, May 6). What are the Benefits and Advantages of Rainwater Harvesting? Innovative Water Solutions LLC. https://www.watercache.com/faqs/rainwater-harvesting-benefits