Community Planning Resource Support Pack June 2015
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Where verbatim extracts from reports are presented within this document they do not necessarily reflect the views of the authors or DCSDC but are there for information purposes only. These are contained within shaded boxes and referenced accordingly.
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Contents 7 8
Purpose of the Briefing Paper Key Findings
11 12 13 14 14 15
Structure of the Report Statistical Sources Choice of Geography Context and Background for Analysis and Interpretation of Data Relationship between Multiple Deprivation Measure domains The Use of Spatial Measures for the Targeting of Need: OFMDFM:2013
17 17
Context: Social General Demographic Trends, DCSDC, NI, Donegal
33 35
Context: Economic Economy and Society OFMDFM - Impact of Welfare Reform on NI, 2013 Universal Credit in Northern Ireland: what will its impact be, and what are the challenges? DCSDC SOA 2010 Deprivation – Domains and Sub-Domains Ranked Multiple Deprivation Measures for DCSDC (2010)
40 40 51 62 63 79
Community Planning: THEME 1: SOCIAL 1.1: Health 1.2 Cultural Deprivation Index 1.3: Sport 1.4: Volunteering 2.3: Suicide
81 81 93 97 105
Community Planning: THEME 2: ECONOMY 2.1: Employment/Economic Activity 2.2 Tourism 2.2: Education 2.3 Skills
109
Community Planning: THEME 3: ENVIRONMENTAL Derry District Housing Plan & Local Housing Strategy 2014/2015, NIHE
117 129 139
Fuel Poverty Rurality Equality
26 26 30
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139 Ethnicity: Detailed Characteristics for NI on Ethnicity, Country of Birth and Language – Census 2011 127 Disability 128 Gender 142 Older People 144 Children 146 Health –Sub-Regional Data, DHSSPS 17 Graph 1: Birth Rate per 1,000 female population aged 15-44 years, 2003-05 to 2011-13 (broken axis) 18 Graph 2: Total Period Fertility Rate, 2003-05 to 2011-13 18 Graph 3: Crude death rate per 1,000 population, 2008-2013 19 Graph 4: Population Pyramid - Derry City and Strabane District Council, 2015 19 Graph 5: Population Pyramid - Derry City and Strabane District Council, 2037 21 Graph 6: Derry City and Strabane District Council population projections (breaks in series) 2002-2037 22 Graph 7: Percentage change in population for Derry City and Strabane District Council and NI, 2013-2037 24 Graph 8: Cross-border commuters (work or study), 2011 Censuses (RoI and NI) 49 Graph 9: Northern Ireland Multiple Deprivation Measure 2005 & 2010 62 Graph 10: Levels of participation in sport by the Sport Deprivation Index 79 Graph 11: Suicide rate per 100,000 population, 2002-12 80 Graph 12: Crude suicide rate, deaths per 100,000 population (2004-08 to 2008-12) 85 Graph 13: Proportion of employee jobs by industry sector, 2009-2013 86 Graph 14: % Construction Jobs 2009, 2011 and 2013 86 Graph 15: % Construction Jobs, 2013 by old LGD 87 Graph 16: Non LFA farms and LFA farms for Derry City Council, Strabane District Council, Derry City and Strabane District Council and NI 88 Graph 17: Gross Annual Median Earnings based on work postcode for Derry City and Strabane District Council and NI (£) 90 Graph 18: Claimant count by skill level for Derry City and Strabane District Council. April 2015 (usual occupation as at April 2014) 91 Graph 19: Claimant count for Derry City Council, Strabane District Council and NI, January 2005 to March 2015 (% 0f 16-64) 91 Graph 20: % of those aged 18-24 who have been claiming for more than 1 year for DCC, SDC and NI, February 2010 to April 2015 92 Graph 21: Population aged 16-64 - reasons for inactivity for Derry City and Strabane District Council and NI 99 Graph 22: Pre-school enrolments in schools situated in the DCSDC area, 2007/08-2014/15 100 Graph 23: Qualification levels of those people aged 25-59 for Derry City and Strabane District Council 102 Graph 24: Pupils achieving at least 5 GCSE’s grades A*-C (or equivalent) (including English and Mathematics) (%) by LGD, 2008-2012
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102 Graph 25: % who have achieved 2+ A-levels (or equivalent) (%) by LGD 2007-2012 103 Graph 26: % Percentage achieving at least 5 GCSEs A*-C (inc. equivalents) inc. GCSE English and maths 2012/13 Free School Meals Entitlement for Derry City Council, Strabane District Council and NI 103 Graph 27: Percentage achieving at least 5 GCSEs A*-C (inc. equivalents) inc. GCSE English and maths 2012/13 Non Free School Meals Entitlement for Derry City Council, Strabane District Council and NI 104 Graph 28: Percentage achieving at least 5 GCSEs A*-C (inc. equivalents) inc. GCSE English and maths 2012/13 by gender for Derry City Council, Strabane District Council and NI 107 Graph 29: LAC Municipal waste sent for recycling (including composting) as a % of total LAC municipal waste arisings, 2005/06 TO 2013/14 for Derry City Council area, Strabane District Council Area, NI and NWRWMG 111 Graph 30: Household waste sent for recycling (including composting) as a percentage of household waste arisings by district council area 114 Graph 31: Annual CO2 emission estimates for Derry City Council area and Strabane District Council Area (ktCO2) 115 Graph 32: Annual CO2 per capita emission estimates, Derry City Council area, Strabane District Council Area and NI (t) 115 Graph 33: Fuel Poverty Risk Index, (baseline indicator of need) mapped at COA level. Ineligible COAs, and LGD shown 117 Graph 34: Household composition projections 2014-24 123 Graph 35: Applicants in housing stress: 30 pts plus (NIHE new, NIHE transfer, and HA transfer by District Council area for 2013 125 Graph 36: Proportion of Households in Fuel Poverty 128 Graph 37: Non LFA farms and LFA farms for Derry City Council, Strabane District Council, Derry City and Strabane District Council and NI 132 Graph 38: Agricultural Labour for Derry City and Strabane District Council Area 133 Graph 39: Number of VAT and/or PAYE Registered businesses operating in NI by New LGD and broad industry group 133 Graph 40: Number of VAT and/or PAYE Registered businesses operating in NI by New LGD and broad industry group 15 Table 1: SOA level correlations between deprivation domain ranks 20 Table 2: Change in population structure - Derry City and Strabane District Council, 2015 to 2037 23 Table 3: Extract from Table 5.1 Conference Report Spaceial North West, 2014 28 Table 4: Overall impact of welfare reform on NI by 2014/15, by local government district – Sheffield Hallam estimates 29 Table 5: Overall impact of welfare reforms by 2014/15 by UK local authority Sheffield Hallam estimates 33 Table 6: NI Multiple Deprivation Measure 2010 (statistical geographies) 10% 39 Table 7: NI Multiple Deprivation Measure 2010 (statistical geographies) (20%)
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47 Table 8: Output areas (OAs) located in Derry City and Strabane District Council that fall within 20% most deprived OAs in NI but which do not reside with respective deciles of most deprived super output areas in NI 66 Table 9: DSD Welfare Data 74 Table 10: DSD Welfare Data - Top 10 SOA by actual numbers and % of population of SOA (DLA) 84 Table 11: Employee jobs by Council area, 2009 -2013 84 Table 12: Employee jobs by Council area by gender and job status, 2013 87 Table 13: Agriculture labour force 88 Table 14: Gross annual median earnings for DCSDC, 2014 (£) 89 Table 15: Median gross annual earnings for full-time employees in the public and private sectors for DCSDC, 2014 (£) 93 Table 16: Estimated overnight Trips, Nights and Expenditure by Local Government District, 2013 94 Table 17: Estimated number of Nights spent on Overnight Trips in NI by Local Government District, 2011-2013 95 Table 18: Estimated Spend (£) during Overnight Trips in NI by Local Government District, 2011-2013 99 Table 19: Pre-school enrolments in schools situated in the DCSDC area, 2007/08-2014/15 100 Table 20: Qualifications of school leavers by 2014 district council of pupil residence 2013/2014 106 Table 21: Skills classification and terminology 113 Table 22: Results of Automatic Monitoring for Particulate Matter (PM10) 116 Table 23: Method of travel to work for those aged 16-74 and in employment and currently working (%) 125 Table 24: Urban – Rural composition of Derry City and Strabane District Council area 130 Table 25: Rural SOAs within Derry City and Strabane District Council 131 Table 26: Ethnicity 2011 Census. LGD(2014) 64 53 82 98 110 119 120 121 122 124 126 129 156
Map 1: Deprivation - Health Deprivation and Disability (HDD) Domain Rank Map 2: NI Multiple Deprivation Rank (NIMDM) Map 3: Deprivation - Employment Domain (ED) Rank Map 4: Deprivation - Education, Skills and Training (EST) Domain Rank Map 5: Deprivation: Living Environment (LE) Domain Rank Map 6: Deprivation - Living Environment Domain - Housing Access (HA) SubDomain Rank Map 7: Deprivation - Living Environment Domain - Outdoor Physical Environment (OPE) Sub Domain Rank Map 8: Deprivation - Crime and Disorder Domain - Crime (CR) Sub-Domain Rank Map 9: Deprivation - Crime and Disorder Domain - Disorder (DS) Sub-Domain Rank Map 10: Deprivation - Housing Quality (HQ) Sub-Domain Rank Map 11: Deprivation - Income Deprivation Affecting Children (IDAC) Rank Map 12: Deprivation - Proximity to Services (PXS) Domain Rank Map 13: Deprivation - Income Deprivation Affecting Older People (IDOP) Rank 6
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Purpose of the Briefing Paper There is an overwhelming volume of data available relating to the socio-economic conditions existing within the Derry and Strabane District Council Area in 2015. Based on Ilex’s experience in facilitating the development of the One Plan in 2011, including preparation of the Analysis of Inequality and the Equality Impact Analysis (EQIA), it is proposed to keep the focus on the dissemination of key metrics to assist decision making. Where further detail is required and is available NISRA statisticians can help source the required data. This approach is intended to facilitate the Community Planning process as it develops and deepens, enabling greater focus upon specific areas as the need arises.
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Key Findings Demography 1. Comparative analysis of these rates from the 2002 NISRA population projections show that the growth rate has decelerated significantly during the last decade from 4.7%. This projection has now fallen to 0.5% in the next 10 years. 2. Projections up to 2037 show an aging population which peaks at 150,525 (DCSDC) and begins to decline as a proportion of the NI population in the mid 2020s. 3. The composition of the population is also undergoing significant change with an increasing number of individuals entering the workforce with a corresponding drop in the overall dependency ratio (proportion of those working age to the rest of the population). 4. In the longer term, by 2037, the population within the DCSDC area is moving closer to the NI structure i.e. ageing over time. By 2037 there will be an additional 12,000 over 70s and 5,400 fewer under 19s. 5. As a border region the net impact of commuting, relocation across borders and exchange rate volatility is unknown but it makes planning for the future all the more difficult.
Social 6. The area exhibits life expectancy levels on a par with NI but on closer inspection the urban deprived Super Output Areas have levels way below those in the affluent or rural areas. 7. Health outcomes were worse in the more deprived areas than in Derry and Strabane LGD as a whole across all 26 indicators. 8. Within DCSDC area all the indicators were worse than the NI average with the exception of the standardised admission rate for circulatory disease. 9. Cancer rates, prescriptions for anti-depressants, admissions to A&E for residents from the more deprived areas are all multiples of the rates for NI and non-deprived areas. 10. The numbers reliant on benefits within the DCSDC area means that any change in entitlements as envisaged within Welfare Reform has the potential to impact negatively upon the area. Government estimates vary but it could mean a loss of ÂŁ86m per year to the local economy. 11. Within the new DCSDC area using Super Output area data 21% of the population (30,925) live in areas defined as deprived with an additional 24% at the 20% level equating to 45.6% of the overall population resident within the 10% and 20% SOAs. 12. While deprivation measures are appropriate for urban deprivation estimation they are less reliable for rural areas. Using Output Area rather than Super Output area data it is estimated there are an additional forty Output Areas (almost half within rural areas) that contain deep pockets of multiple deprivation.
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Economic 13. The Economic Activity rate in DCSDC is 68.3%, 4.4% points below that in NI. The full-time gross median earnings (work postcode) in 2014 was ÂŁ 23,079 which is 4% below the NI average and 17% below Belfast. 14. Full-time female median wages are ÂŁ23,620, 17% above the male rate in DCC area. This is likely a result of higher numbers of females in the public sector. 15. Of those in employment 34% are public sector workers, predominantly in the fields of Health and Education. 16. There are over 50,000 employee jobs in the DCSDC area, 32,346 are full-time. 17. The claimant count rate in DCSDC in April 2015 was 7.1% (NI rate was 3.8%). Over the course of the last three years the gap between the NI rate and the DCSDC rate is widening. 18. The trend within the claimant count for 18-24 year olds has been upward since mid-2012 in line with the experience elsewhere in NI. It is now three times the rate for DCSDC at over 21%. 19. Of those on the claimant count the majority have low to middle skills. In the 2011 Census 46% of respondents reported they had no or low skills within the DCSDC area. 20. While the business birth rate and survival rate, as represented by VAT registrations, is on a par with the rest of NI it does not appear to be impacting upon the net employment levels with little growth in employee numbers since 2009. 21. The area has seen general improvement in A-Level and GCSE attainment over the last number of years. 22. Females in Derry achieve the best results in GCSE (including Maths and English) followed by Derry males, Strabane females and Strabane males.
Environmental 23. Recycling rates in both Derry and Strabane areas are below the NI average. 24. The DCC area (22.7%)has a higher proportion of social housing than NI (14.9%). 25. In the DCC area 61.8% of those on the waiting list for social housing were in housing stress (NIHE). 26. In the DCC area, the NIHE has 6,895 dwellings having sold 8,152 under the House Sales Scheme. 27. In the DCC area, social housing need is projected at 1,731 from 2013-2018. 28. In NI, average household size is projected to fall from 2.45 in 2014 to 2.34 in 2024 and 2.24 by 2033. 29. There is expected to be a 10% increase in the number of households with most growth in single person and two-adult households without children. 30. CO2 per capita emissions within DCSDC in 2012 were estimated to be area below the NI average while Strabane CO2 is estimated to be above. 9
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31. Within DCSDC area 3.7% people travel to work by bus, minibus or coach (NI: 4.8%). A further 2.9% travel by taxi (NI: 1.4%). 32. Within the DCSDC area 30% of the population reside in rural areas. 33. Fuel poverty levels in 2011 were estimated at 47-51% of households within DCC and 52-56% in Strabane DC 34. Rural dwellers, compared to urban dwellers, are likely to be healthy, a house owner, self-employed (male) and culturally deprived (Cultural Deprivation Index).
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Structure of the Report In the first part we provide a summary of the technical background to the report including some of the sources, choice of geography and reference material including a brief discussion on the appropriateness of using spatial measures for targeting need. Next attention is paid to the underlying components of population change including a review of past population projections and the most recent ones for the new council area including probable impact on population structure. The data includes general information on demographic trends both locally and within NI generally. It concludes with an early review of the key demographic features and outlines some possible implications for Community Planning. It provides more indepth analysis of the information particularly numerical data on the numbers on various benefits within SOAs. The intention is to provide some idea of scale to those involved in making policy relevant to these areas. The context within which Community Planning may take place is then addressed with an exploration of studies relating to the possible socio-economic impacts of welfare reform on NI and the Derry and Strabane District Council area. To assist in the needs assessment visual tables are presented outlining geographically by SOA deprivation across a range of measures. The Community Planning pillars are addressed within the next section i.e. Social, Economy and Environmental with detailed information contained within each section on a diverse range of areas. Throughout the report maps including thematic maps related to the MDM 2010 domains e.g. Income Deprivation Affecting Children, Crime, etc are presented with reference Super Output Areas (SOAs) identified. Given the rural nature of much of the area under consideration there is a short review of the appropriateness of the application of MDMs in rural areas. This includes identification of the most deprived rural SOAs in the Council Area, their mapping and concludes with a brief examination of the Proximity to Services Domain and the results of a NI wide survey of rurality. Finally, a selection of complementary material is provided, the majority at NI level, relating to a range of areas including Ethnicity, Gender, Older People and Children. This is presented to provide some relevant background material on individual characteristics of some groups simply as an aid where local official sources are not available or where the level of confidence is low given the small numbers. It should be noted that there is statistical bespoke support available through the two NISRA staff seconded to Ilex who have access to the full range of NISRA disclosable data. & Claire Hood, NISRA claire.hood@ilex-urc.com
Hugh McNickle hugh.mcnickle@ilex-urc.com
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Statistical Sources Information providers include NISRA, departmental administrative data, and EQIA source material. This is comprised in the main of quantitative data. Complementary data sources have also been utilised such as the Economic and Research Council’s, The Necessities of Life in NI, March 2012, Health Inequalities, DHSSPSNI, 20141 The majority of information from the 2011 Census has now been released and provides much of the baseline data. In conjunction with Census data, not all official data sources are currently aggregated to the new ‘super-council’ i.e. DCSDC2 level. As a result on occasion, we have presented standalone data for the DCC and the SDC area, where this is the only information available. The report contains a mixture of Census data, administrative data and survey data and provides, in most cases, a snap shot of the situation in the Derry City and Strabane District Council area. Each of these different types of data have their own strengths and weaknesses ranging from timing to robustness. Readers should be aware that where survey estimates are reported that these are subject to sampling variability. The statisticians who helped prepare this report are happy to provide any guidance on these issues. The Citizen Survey 20153 for the DCSDC area will report in late Summer 2015. This will provide supplementary information to assist in the Community Planning process.
1
Reports are referenced as they appear within this document.
2
NISRA are presently engaged in aggregating 2011 Census data in line with the new Council boundaries across NI.
3
Citizen Survey 2015 continues Ilex’s survey work of Citi-Scope 2009 and 2012 with its expansion to include the whole of the DCSDC area. The survey will be conducted in the Spring of 2015 with a target number of circa 800 completed. 12
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Choice of Geography The report presents data at Local Government District (LGD) level, followed (where available and appropriate) by Super Output Area data. This is primarily in response to the variability is size amongst wards where they vary from 8,915 (Culmore) to 1,674 (East) in population size. While there is less variation amongst SOAs within the DCSDC they still range from 795 to 3,504 in population. Any comparative analysis of the data which involves numbers rather than the rates associated with a variable should keep this in mind e.g. an equivalent number of NEETS in a small and a big ward may indicate a larger issue in the small ward. Additionally where there are comparatively small numbers involved e.g. births to teenage mothers at SOA level then the preference would be to seek to find trends over the course of a number of years rather than solely depend on one year’s data which might be subject to distortion from unknown random events or breaks in series. Thus three or five year averaged data may be the best way to present where there are small numbers. More localised data sets are available including Output Area data (OA) (5022 in NI) but all of these are not presented within this report due to the small numbers at OA level for many of the variables. However, some analysis identifying OA that are deprived which are not defined as such at SOA are presented at 10% and 20% deprivation levels. This is to enable policy makers to identify small pockets of deprivation especially those which occur in rural areas but also highlights urban pockets of deprivation. Additional data sets can be accessed on request through the NISRA statistical support within Ilex, where data is available and disclosable. Work is underway to present some additional data at OA particularly with respect to the rural area in the next phase of research.
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Context and Background for Analysis and Interpretation of Data There is a always a risk amongst those making policy to rely on out of date information and perceptions that may not be rooted in present reality. Thus, for example, at ward level it may be thought that the overwhelming need is for the provision of more play facilities, based on historic perceptions, when in fact the area may now comprise quite an elderly population. This lagged effect is particularly apparent where there is significant change, whether this is movement in population, or changes in economic circumstances. In order to counter this tendency this report will detail the latest information available on a spatial basis. Within this paper we seek to provide an easily accessible (draft) summary of many of the key relevant issues that, at this stage, appear to be relevant within a Community Planning Process.
Relationship between Multiple Deprivation Measure domains
“
Within the Multiple Deprivation Measures NISRA (NIMDM, 2010) have noted that Six of the seven deprivation domain ranks at SOA level are positively correlated with each other indicating that an area experiencing one form of deprivation is likely to also experience other forms of deprivation. Of particular note were the strong positive correlations between the Income, Employment, Health Deprivation & Disability and Education, Skills & Training Domain ranks, with each pairwise correlation at least +0.84. (Correlation coefficient ranges from perfect negative correlation -1, to perfect positive correlation +1). The Living Environment and Crime & Disorder Domain ranks are also positively correlated with each other and the four domains described above, but to a lesser extent, with all pair-wise correlations at least +0.48. The Proximity to Services Domain ranks show weak negative correlations with the other six domains, suggesting that as Proximity to Services deprivation increases, deprivation in the other domains is likely to decrease. The table below shows the deprivation domain correlations for the SOA results.
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In practice NISRA’s comments illustrate the fact that where, for example, there are high levels of unemployment (employment deprivation) that you are also likely to find high levels of poor health. Correlation is a statistical measure that describes the size and direction of a relationship between two or more variables. A correlation between variables, however, does not automatically mean that the change in one variable is the cause of the change in the values of the other variable. 14
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Table 1 below presents the correlation matrix for the Multiple Deprivation Measures. A negative figure indicates a negative relationship e.g. proximity to services (proxy for rurality) is negatively related to a poor living environment whereas Education, Skills and Training is positively associated with employment.
Table 1: SOA level correlations between deprivation domain ranks Income
Income
Employment
Employment
Health Deprivation & Disability
Education, Skills & Training
Proximity to Services
Living
Crime & Disorder
1.00
0.94
1.00
Health Deprivation & Disability
0.94
0.93
1.00
Education, Skills & Training
0.88
0.84
0.85
1.00
Proximity to Services
-0.32
-0.29
-0.37
-0.36
1.00
Living Environment
0.61
0.54
0.59
0.64
-0.52
1.00
Crime & Disorder
0.55
0.48
0.55
0.54
-0.66
0.63
1.00
Source: NIMDM, 2010 NIMDM 2010 0.97
0.95
0.94
0.91
-0.27
0.65
0.53
Below we present a short introduction to the debate around spatial targeting.
The Use of Spatial Measures for the Targeting of Need: OFMDFM: 20134 The following extract is from the above publication and is intended to provide some insight into the usefulness of Spatial Measures in Targeting Need. It also usefully make reference to the limits of the application of Multiple Deprivation Measures in Rural Areas. The more relevant sections have been bolded.
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Area based targeting has been used extensively throughout the UK for more than half a century and has generated advocates for and against for almost as long. More recent reviewers have suggested this polarisation is unnecessary and there is an increased recognition that whilst most poverty eradication should be through universal macroeconomic and social policies, area-based interventions may constitute a useful adjunct to these broader programmes. This recognition however, shifts the arguments including how these areas should be defined and the policies assessed. Amongst the calls for more considered theories of agency, better specified objectives and more sophisticated analytic tools, it is evident that one of the most common and overarching themes for most Area Based Initiatives is that area-based targeting can be an effective way of reaching poor people. This suggests that at a fundamental level most area-based policies can be assessed according to their efficiency and effectiveness of reaching those most in need. This has been one of the guiding principles of the current study. The literature suggests that the spatial unit at which deprivation is identified and measured influences the efficiency of targeting. Most targeting in the UK is currently at Census-based Super Output Area level, but this study also examined aggregates of smaller census-based areas (Census Output Areas) as they are likely to be more homogenous, and also larger areas (District Councils) which might prove easier for policy implementation. The conclusions were that targeting using those District Councils with the greatest concentration of disadvantage would be more inefficient than the current SOA-based approach as most of their populations are not disadvantaged and also that most disadvantaged people do not live in these areas. The study confirms that COAs are more homogenous and do offer an advantage over SOAs in terms of concentration and completeness of targeting but the distinction between the two is not marked. Whether COAs are a practical level upon which to base an area-based intervention is beyond the remit of this study. • The following conclusions can be drawn about the different measures of deprivation: Each of the indicators studied in this report identifies areas where there are high concentrations of disadvantage, and there is a reasonable agreement between the measures on where these areas are. However, there are also some differences in the areas that each indicator selects which will have implications for the allocation of funding. Furthermore, as different indicators detect some types of disadvantage better than others this suggests that the choice of indicator could be selected or tailored to better meet the focus of a specific intervention • In general the Multiple Deprivation Measure at COA level was more closely related to the basket of demographic, socio-economic and health measures than the other measures studied, though the overall differences between the measures of deprivation studied were modest. It also performed better in terms of both concentration and completeness. The MDM at SOA and the MDM Income Domain at SOA demonstrated the next best fit. 4
The Use of Spatial Targeting for the Targeting of Need, O’Reilly, Dermot, OFMDFM, 2013.
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Context: Social General Demographic Trends, DCSDC, NI, Donegal The population of the new Council Area DCSDC in 2015 is estimated at 149,224. The forecast population growth rate is 0.7% in DCC and in SDC 1.3% giving a combined rate of 0.9%. NISRA’s 2012 projections show a population of 150,495 by 2025. Comparative analysis of these rates from the 2002 NISRA population projections show that the growth rate has decelerated significantly during the last decade from 4.7%. This projection has now fallen to 0.5% in the next 10 years. Thus whereas a decade ago the area had one of the youngest populations in these islands of under 25s we are now ranked 4th youngest of the 11 Councils in NI. Given the difficulties in recording accurately migration patterns within a LGD, especially in a border region where extensive inward and outward commuting takes place and where many families live in one jurisdiction, work in another and access services in both then attention turns to robust indicators such as birth rates and death rates.
Graph1:1:Birth Birth Rate per 1,000 population years, 2003Graph Rate per 1,000 female female population aged 15-44aged years,15-44 2003-05 to 2011-13 (broken (broken axis) 05 to 2011-13 axis)
Source: NISRA, Vital Statistics
Source: NISRA, Vital Statistics Analysis presented in Graph 1shows that the birth rate is relatively constant since 2009 although there is a differential between the Derry and Strabane rates. In demographic terms a replacement ratio in excess of 2.1 indicates a growing population which is the case in Derry and Strabane (Graph 2). Since the rate of growth of the population is slowing then this might suggest the death rate is increasing but as Graph 3 shows this is not the case. 17
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2: Total Period Fertility Rate, to 2011-13 GraphGraph 2: Total Period Fertility Rate,2003-05 2003-05 to 2011-13
Source: NISRA, Vital Statistics
Source: NISRA, Vital Statistics Graph 3: Crude deathrate rateper per 1,000 population, 2008-2013 Graph 3: Crude death 1,000 population, 2008-2013
Source: NISRA, Vital Statistics
Source: NISRA, Vital Statistics Overall, the conclusion would be that the difference in rate of population growth is accounted for not by births or deaths but outward migration. The 2015 DCSDC population pyramid overleaf is presented along with the 2037 population pyramid (Graphs 4 and 5). Graphically it illustrates an ageing population with a broadening of the shoulders of the pyramid. The accompanying table 2 shows the consequences of such a scenario for the DCSDC population. Within slightly more than two decades there will be 1,559 fewer in the population, 5,440 fewer under 19s and 12,109 more over 70. 18
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Graph 4: Population Pyramid - Derry City and Strabane District Council, 2015 Graph 4: Population Pyramid - Derry City and Strabane District Council, 2015
AGE GROUP
% OF POPULATION Source: NISRA, Population projections
Source: NISRA, Population projections
Graph 5: Population Pyramid - Derry City and Strabane District Council, 2037 Graph 5: Population Pyramid - Derry City and Strabane District Council,2037
AGE GROUP
% OF POPULATION Source: NISRA, Population projections
Source: NISRA, Population projections
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Table 2: Change in population structure - Derry City and Strabane District Council, 2015 to 2037
Age Group
Population
Change
2015
2037
Total
%
0-4
10,574
8,482
-2,092
-19.8%
5-9
10,448
8,482
-1,746
-16.7%
10-14
9,447
9,146
-301
-3.2%
15-19
10,683
9,382
-1,301
-12.2%
20-24
9,772
8,536
-1,236
-12.6%
25-29
10,337
8,907
-1,430
-13.8%
30-34
9,964
7,798
-2,166
-21.7%
35-39
9,317
7,964
-1,353
-14.5%
40-44
10,008
8,553
-1,455
-14.5%
45-49
11,059
8,933
-2,126
-19.2%
50-54
10,607
9,083
-2,126
-14.4%
55-59
8,613
8,576
-37
-0.4%
60-64
7,475
8,322
847
11.3%
65-69
6,833
9,085
2,252
33.0%
70-74
5,381
8,651
3,270
60.8%
75-79
3,924
6,805
2,881
73.4%
80-84
2,659
4,847
2,188
82.3%
85
1,437
3,305
1,868
130.0%
90+
686
2,588
1,902
277.3%
All Ages
149,224
147,665
-1,559
-1.0%
Source: NISRA, Population projections
20
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Graph 6: Derry City and Strabane District Council population projections (breaks in series) 2002-2037 Graph 6: Derry City and Strabane District Council population projections (breaks in series) 2002-2037
Source: NISRA, Demography and Methodology Branch
Source: NISRA, Demography and Methodology Branch
These consequences are due, in part, to the lack of employment opportunities locally and the skills mismatch evident in some sectors. Additionally, research evidence on the rate of return of graduates again shows that as participation rates in third level education increase that few of these individuals will return from their host University. There is a movement towards increased urban living on a worldwide basis leading to rural depopulation and increased pressure upon services. On this basis cities will become the major drivers for economic growth, localities that do not grow will risk being left behind as these trends become embedded within societies. The Centre for Cities has highlighted the need for cities to adapt to this new environment. The One Plan job forecasts were heavily predicated upon the achievement of a critical population mass within Derry~Londonderry with a target population of 130,000 by 2025 (Oxford Economics). Application of this forecast growth rate to the new larger Council area would suggest a total population figure of circa 178,358. However, NISRA 2013 estimates forecast a population by 2025 of circa 150,000. The graph below illustrates the extent to which there is a forecast differential in population growth rates within NI and the new Council area.
21
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Graph 7: Percentage change in population for Derry City and Strabane District Council and NI, 2013-2037 Graph 7: Percentage change in population for Derry City and Strabane District Council and NI, 2013-2037
Source: NISRA, Demography and Methodology Branch Source: NISRA, Demography and Methodology Branch
In order to achieve the Oxford Economics critical size the new average growth rate would need to be in the region of an additional 20,000 rather than the 1,876 projected. Consequently, if the population follows the NISRA forecast then by 2030 the new Council area population will have fallen as a proportion of the NI population from 8.1% to 7.7%. This is a function of the differential in growth rates between DCSDC and NI. Given that the DCSDC area exhibits a young population profile and it is forecast will continue to do so relative to the rest of NI in the short term, then such a result suggests that those who are most likely to have children are migrating out of the area. The population pyramids presented Graph 4 and 5 illustrates the way in which the composition of the population is changing with a narrowing at the younger age groups and increasing numbers of older people. The implications for such a scenario are complex, more older people within a declining population i.e. higher dependency ratio, however the numbers moving through into the workforce will be increasing in the medium term, lowering the dependency ratio overall as the birth rate continues to decline. Thus job creation targets will need to be higher to accommodate the larger numbers of working age but this effect may be mitigated by outward migration of those in this age bracket. More recent evidence supports the view that many of those who migrated to Donegal from Derry are now returning. The NIHE, 2014/15 District Housing Plan notes ‘Local estate agents have also reported an increasing cross-border influence on the Private rented sector in the DCCA. Agents continue to report people returning to Derry from border towns such as Muff, Killea and Bridgend’. The net impact of all of these changes will be hard to estimate accurately.
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Impact of Border Region The unique nature of the new Council area, which has seen large population movements cross-border during the early to mid to 2000s, means that it is extremely difficult to determine to what extent the rate of population growth has been affected by this migration. Anecdotally, the numbers previously from the DCSDC area who now live in Donegal but commute to NI are claimed to be large with commuter villages in Bridgend, Muff, Burnfoot, Killea, Manorcunningham, Newtowncunningham and Lifford. The economic catchment area of DCSDC extends well into Donegal resulting in many of these individuals working, shopping and being involved in recreational and leisure activities within the adjacent Council area. This cross-border interaction is two-way with many residents from DCSDC employed in Donegal. At times of extreme exchange rate volatility and differing taxation rates both on income and sales6 many consumers and retailers face a high degree of uncertainty regarding real purchasing power of their income and household costs. Donegal’s present population of 161,000 now places it ahead of DCSDC’s 148,000. The Donegal population growth rate between 2011 and 2022/3 according to the Spaceial North West report is 14%, the most recent projections from NISRA show a DCSDC population of 150,647 or growth rate of 1.9% over the same period. The population projections for Donegal mean that by 2023 there will be an additional 23,313 persons. Derry will see an increase of 2,800 in the same period.
Table 3: Extract from Table 5.1 Conference Report Spacial North West, 2014 2001/2 Pop
2011 Pop
% Growth 2001-2011
Projected Growth 2022/3
Projected Population 2022/3
Projected Population 2022/3
Donegal
137,575
161,137
17
23,313
184,450
14
Limavady
32,400
33,500
3
1,725
35,225
5
Derry
105,066
107,900
3
8,159
116,059
8
Strabane
38,248
39,800
4
3,118
42,918
8
Magherafelt
39,800
45,000
13
5,958
50,958
13
NWRCBA
353,089
387,337
10
42,271
429,608
11
Northern Ireland
1,685,300
1,810,900
7
134,942
1,945,842
8
ROI
3,917,203
4,588,252
17
786,948
5,375,200
17
Island
5,602,503
6,399,152
14
921,890
7,321,042
14
Source: Republic of Ireland Census 2002 and 2011. Border Regional Planning Guidelines 2010-2022. NI Census 2001 and 2011; Regional Development Strategy NI 2008-2035.
The next section presents commuting data from the NI 2011 and Republic of Ireland 2011 Censuses. 6
The present Tourism related VAT rate in the Republic of Ireland is 9% vis-a-vis 21% in NI. 23
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Graph 8: Cross-border commuters (work or study), 2011 Censuses (RoI and NI)
Graph 8: Cross-border commuters (work or study), 2011 Censuses (RoI and NI) Males
Source: Census 2011 – Ireland and NI, CSO and NISRA
Source: Census 2011 – Ireland and NI, CSO and NISRA
Census 2011 Ireland and Northern Ireland, June 2014. Central Statistics Office, NISRA. Transport and travel The age and sex profile of these cross-border commuters and shows that the majority (57 per cent) of commuters travelling from Northern Ireland to Ireland were male, whereas commuters in the opposite direction were mainly female (54 per cent). The age profiles were similar, with the majority in the early working years; the largest cohort travelling to Ireland from Northern Ireland were males aged 25-34, while females in the same age group were the most likely to commute to Northern Ireland from Ireland. Map 26 on Page 61, which shows the origin and destination of cross-border commuters from Ireland to work or study in Northern Ireland, illustrates that the majority of those who commuted to Northern Ireland were resident i the border areas of Donegal, Cavan, Monaghan and Louth. Their destinations, corresponding to their places of work or study in Northern Ireland, were mainly concentrated in the Belfast and Derry LGDs, with further clusters in Newry, Armagh, Craigavon, Dungannon, Enniskillen, Omagh, Limavady, Strabane and Coleraine. For the first time, in the 2011 Cross-border commuters (work or study) censuses, the place of work or study for persons who travelled from Ireland to Northern Ireland or from Northern Ireland to Ireland was coded to fine geographic level. A total of 14,800 persons regularly commuted between the jurisdictions for work or study, with 6,500 travelling to Ireland from Northern Ireland and 8,300 travelling in the other direction. Again, while much of the activity is in border areas, the usual residence (or origin) of these commuters was more widely spread across Northern Ireland. The destination of these commuters is concentrated in Dublin, with further clusters in the towns of Letterkenny, Drogheda, Dundalk, Cavan and Monaghan. Proportionally twice as many (0.4 per cent) Northern Ireland residents commuted to Ireland to work or study as commuted from Ireland to Northern Ireland (0.2 per cent). Census 2011 24
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Some Implications for Community Planning Within a Community Planning perspective the scenarios outlined above have quite different implications for the area. A continuing population decline, even with a fall in average household size, will impact upon construction. Additionally, demand for retail and other space is unlikely to grow in the absence of the competitive position of the retail offering improving and the uncertainty that the present exchange rate engenders. There are obvious implications for school numbers and demand for health and other services although this will be to some extent balanced by the aging population (it must be noted that in the medium term it will still be young comparative to the NI average). Already the population projections up to 2022 of 115,805 within the NIHE plan have been superceded by new data available from NISRA which projects a population of 109,865 by 2022.
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Context: Economic Economy and Society OFMDFM - Impact of Welfare Reform on NI, 2013 In the context of Community Planning one of the key challenges facing NI and the DCSDC area is the reduction in public expenditure. A number of academic studies have been completed which attempt to forecast the overall impact upon NI and at LGD level. NICVA commissioned a report from The Centre for Regional Economic and Social Research, in October 2013, The Impact of Welfare Reform on NI. It found that Derry and Strabane would face the greatest negative impact. Tables 4 and 5 illustrate the estimated impact of the reforms. It shows that out of over 400 local authorities, Derry ranked second worst with an overall loss per working age adult of £900 per annum followed by Strabane ranked third at £870. This equates to an overall loss of £86m for the new DCSDC area. In tandem with this report OFMDFM had funded the Institute for Fiscal Studies to undertake research on the probable impact of the introduction of Universal Credit7. This found that some groups will suffer disproportionately while others will benefit from the introduction of Welfare Reform. Those most at risk include some older people and those on Disability Living Allowance who have been awarded the Severe Disability Premium. The report also identifies the lack of integration of the rate rebate system and Universal Credit as a risk for those presently entitled to means tested benefits who may in practice fail to take-up their entitlement. In the past this has been the case, particularly for older people, across a range of benefits and entitlements. Evidence of this comes from DSD’s Benefit Uptake scheme which in 2013 alone assisted individuals to access entitlements worth £17m. Extracts from both reports are presented below which summarise the findings of the research teams. This is followed by a table presenting all of the Multiple Deprivation Domain scores within the DCSDC area at SOA which are mapped. Taken in concert with the studies on Welfare Reform it shows spatially where the likely impacts will be, for example, those areas with large numbers of DLA recipients or older people. When the present welfare reforms have come into full effect they will take £750m a year out of the Northern Ireland economy. This is equivalent to £650 a year for every adult of working age. Derry and Strabane are also hit very hard, and generally across Northern Ireland the most deprived areas face the largest losses. Some households and individuals, notably incapacity and disability claimants, are hit by several different elements of the reforms. By lowering incomes more than elsewhere, a key effect of the welfare reforms will be to widen the gap in prosperity between Northern Ireland and the rest of the UK. 7
Universal Credit in Northern Ireland; What will its impact be, and what are the challenges?, OFMDFM, March 2013. 26
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Westminster ministers take the view that the welfare reforms will increase the financial incentives to take up employment and because more people will look for work more people will find work. This assumes, of course, that extra labour supply leads to extra labour demand from employers. Whether labour markets really do work in this way, especially at times of recession or low growth, or in places where the local economy is relatively weak, is a moot point and one that many economists would contest. Some individuals will undoubtedly find work to compensate for the loss of benefit income but whether the overall level of employment will be any higher as a result is questionable. More often than not, they will simply fill vacancies that would have gone to other jobseekers. So the figures in this report do not assume that loss of income from benefits will wholly or in part be replaced by additional income from employment. p12, NICVA, Report, 2014
Three local government districts are hit hardest by the welfare reforms – Derry and Strabane (in the west) and Belfast. In these three areas the financial loss, averaged across the whole working age population between the ages of 16 and 64, is over £800 a year, with Derry reaching the £900 mark. Belfast is of course Northern Ireland’s largest city by some margin, so here the overall loss of benefit income – nearly £150m a year – is very substantial indeed. In a further 12 districts the financial loss per working age adult is £600 a year or more. By contrast, in North Down the estimated loss per working age adult is only £450 a year – half the level in Derry. NICVA, Report, 2014
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Table 4: Overall impact of welfare reform on NI by 2014/15, by local government district – Sheffield Hallam estimates Estimated loss £m p.a.
Loss per working age adult £ p.a.
Derry
64
900
Strabane
22
870
Belfast
147
840
Limavady
16
730
Moyle
7
690
Omagh
23
690
Newry and Mourne
44
680
Cookstown
16
680
Craigavon
41
670
Coleraine
23
650
Down
29
630
Dungannon
23
610
Ballymoney
12
610
Larne
12
610
Armagh
23
600
Banbridge
17
560
Fermanagh
22
560
Lisburn
42
550
Magherafelt
16
550
Newtownabbey
29
550
Antrim
19
550
Carrickfergus
14
540
Ballymena
21
530
Ards
27
530
Castlereagh
20
460
North Down
23
450
750
650
Northern Ireland Source:
There is a clear and unambiguous relationship: as a general rule, the more deprived the local government district, the greater the financial hit. p16, NICVA, 2014
28
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Table 5: Overall impact of welfare reforms by 2014/15 by UK local authority - Sheffield Hallam estimates Top 50 Districts
Loss per working age adult £ p.a.
Top 50 cont.
Loss per working age adult £ p.a.
1
Blackpool
910
39
St Helens
630
2
Derry
900
40
Down
630
3
Strabane
870
41
Inverclyde
630
4
Belfast
840
42
Barrow in Furness
630
5
Westminster
820
43
Hull
630
6
Knowsley
800
44
Barnsley
630
7
Limavady
730
45
Tameside
620
8
Merthyr Tydfil
720
46
South Tyneside
620
9
Middlesbrough
720
47
Halton
620
10
Hartlepool
710
48
Redcar & Cleveland
620
11
Torbay
700
49
Sunderland
620
12
Liverpool
700
50
Tendring
620
13
Blaenau Gwent
700
14
Neath Port Talbot
700
15
Moyle
690
16
Hastings
690
17
Omagh
690
18
Burnley
690
19
Rochdale
680
20
Newry and Mourne
680
21
Barking & Dagenham
680
22
Brent
680
23
Hyndburn
680
24
Cookstown
680
25
Blackburn with Darwen
670
26
Thanet
670
27
Stoke on Trent
670
28
Rhondda Cynon Taf
670
29
Hackney
670
30
Enfield
670
31
Craigavon
670
32
Coleraine
650
33
Glasgow
34
Bottom 20 Districts
Loss per working age adult £ p.a.
386
Mid Sussex
280
387
East Hampshire
280
388
Waverley
280
389
Cotswold
270
390
Harborough
270
391
Horsham
270
392
Surrey Heath
270
393
Mole Valley
270
394
South Cambridgeshire
270
395
Winchester
270
396
Chiltern
270
397
South Bucks
260
398
Guildford
260
399
South Northamptonshire
260
650
400
South Oxfordshire
260
Salford
640
401
Rutland
260
35
Caerphilly
640
402
Wokingham
250
36
Oldham
640
403
Cambridge
250
37
Wirral
640
404
Hart
240
38
Haringey
640
405
City of London
180
(1) Except DLA by 2017/18, incapacity benefits and 1% up-rating by 2015/16 Source: Sheffield Hallam estimates based on official data 29
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Universal Credit in Northern Ireland: what will its impact be, and what are the challenges?8 Executive summary A major reform to the welfare and tax credit system, integrating six of the seven main means-tested welfare benefits and in-work tax credits for those of working age into a single programme, to be known as Universal Credit, is set to be introduced throughout the UK. This represents a significant simplification of the benefits system as a whole. Universal Credit will lead to a small reduction in aggregate benefit entitlements in both Northern Ireland and the UK as a whole. The total reduction in benefit entitlement as a percentage of income in Northern Ireland is slightly larger than in the UK as a whole. However, because Universal Credit is a simpler scheme, it is anticipated that take-up of means tested support will increase as a result of its introduction, which in practice is likely to lead to higher total expenditure on benefits, despite the small reduction in entitlements. Although benefit entitlements will fall very slightly overall in both Northern Ireland and the UK as a whole, this disguises significant winners and losers from the reform. In Northern Ireland, around 9% of families will gain and 9% of families will lose from the introduction of Universal Credit, ignoring transitional protection. Both of these figures are larger than in the UK as a whole: as Northern Ireland is a relatively low-income part of the UK, more people are entitled to means-tested support, and hence affected by reforms to means-tested benefits. The main losers from Universal Credit’s introduction will be: low-income couples where one person is aged above the female State Pension Age (SPA) and the other is aged below, who will no longer be entitled to the more generous Pension Credit; families with significant amounts of unearned income or capital, as these are treated more harshly in the Universal Credit means test than in the means tests for tax credits; and those on Disability Living Allowance claiming the severe disability premium in meanstested benefits, which will be abolished when Universal Credit is introduced. As receipt of Disability Living Allowance is higher in Northern Ireland than in the UK as a whole, this partly explains the slightly larger reduction in benefit entitlements in Northern Ireland. The main winners from the introduction of Universal Credit will be single earner couples with children. This group will gain more from the introduction of Universal Credit in Northern Ireland than in the UK as a whole, mainly because gains are focused on those with lower incomes and incomes are lower on average in Northern Ireland. By increasing support for single-earner couples while reducing support for workless 30
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families on average, Universal Credit will strengthen the incentive for one member of a couple to do paid work rather than none. Universal Credit also strengthens work incentives for single people without children. However, because means-tested support is withdrawn more quickly when the second member of a couple enters work under Universal Credit, the reform weakens the incentive for both members of a couple to be in paid work rather than just one. This effect is particularly acute in Northern Ireland, as lower average earnings levels mean that a greater proportion of single-earner couples are entitled to means-tested support, meaning that those not in paid work who have a partner in paid work are more likely to face withdrawal of Universal Credit if they were to enter paid work. 8
Institute for Fiscal Studies, OFMDFM, 2014, R77
By replacing a jumble of overlapping means tests with a single one, Universal Credit will go some way to ensuring overall effective tax rates cannot rise too high. Thus, some those who face the weakest incentives to increase their earnings under the current system will see their incentives strengthened. However, those previously not entitled to means-tested support who will become entitled to Universal Credit (mainly single-earners in couples with children) and those in two-earner couples tend to see weaker incentives to earn more. Two of the main advantages of Universal Credit, then, are that it simplifies the benefits system and rationalises work incentives. However, these benefits could be undermined by the decision to leave support for local taxes (Council Tax in Great Britain and domestic rates in Northern Ireland) outside Universal Credit. As domestic rates in Northern Ireland are lower on average than Council Tax in Great Britain, support for local taxation is a correspondingly smaller component of the overall benefit system in Northern Ireland, and so this issue is less important in Northern Ireland than in the rest of the UK. Nevertheless, keeping support for domestic rates separate from Universal Credit will definitely make the overall benefits system more complicated than it could be, and could lead to the reintroduction of the very high overall withdrawal rates that Universal Credit was supposed to eliminate. How much this happens in practice will depend on decisions made by the Northern Ireland Executive surrounding the design of the proposed rate rebate replacement scheme. The introduction of Universal Credit also raises issues around the administration of rate rebates. Currently, more than 70% of claimants of the rates component of Housing Benefit are ‘passported’ to a full rebate through receipt of other benefits that are being abolished when Universal Credit is introduced. There is no obvious alternative passport in Universal Credit that could be used to identify these people, and if they all had to go through a full means test to receive support, the burden on both claimants and administrators would increase substantially. Ways around this problem include merging the administration of Universal Credit and rate rebates, allowing claimants to claim 31
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both with the same form, or transferring information on Universal Credit claims to the appropriate authority responsible for the administration for rate rebates so that claimants would not have to submit the same information twice. Similar issues arise around other non-social security benefits that use a passport based on receipt of other benefits to identify who is eligible. The introduction of Universal Credit offers an opportunity for the Northern Ireland Executive to consider the rationale for providing benefits in kind rather than in cash and, if these benefits should continue to be provided, whether their provision should be means tested or offered universally. For those benefits that it was decided to retain as means-tested benefits in kind, the most obvious solution would be to give these benefits only to families with incomes below a certain threshold. This would, however, create ‘cliff edges’ that would make some people worse off after a pay rise. A longer-term solution would be to allow claimants to choose which benefits in kind they wish to receive, and make a deduction against that claimant’s Universal Credit award which would depend on their income. This would be more administratively complex, but would avoid the ‘cliff edges’ inherent in alternative approaches. In short, the UK Government and Northern Ireland Executive have taken a welcome big and radical step forward by proposing the introduction of Universal Credit. But many of the advantages it will bring could be undermined by the decision to keep support for local taxes separate from Universal Credit. Decisions to be made by the Northern Ireland Executive around the design of a rate rebate replacement scheme and other non-social security benefits will therefore be crucial in determining the extent to which these benefits are realised.
32
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DCSDC SOA 2010 Deprivation – Domains and Sub-Domains Ranked Table 6: NI Multiple Deprivation Measure 2010 (statistical geographies) 10% Multiple Deprivation Measure Rank
Income Domain Rank
Income Deprivation Affecting Children Rank
Income Deprivation Affecting Older People Rank
Altnagelvin 1
88
73
52
159
Altnagelvin 2
546
439
280
459
Altnagelvin 3
429
500
363
710
Ballynashallog 1
438
360
519
385
Ballynashallog 2
788
744
756
733
Banagher
344
411
481
259
Beechwood
125
110
178
60
Brandywell
44
27
35
29
Carn Hill 1
164
123
181
92
Carn Hill 2
84
56
59
54
Caw
195
173
142
363
Clondermot 1
58
50
77
87
SOA
Clondermot 2
610
547
640
508
Claudy 1
364
289
340
145
Claudy 2
401
476
549
419
Creggan Central 1
10
2
2
3
Creggan Central 2
49
25
28
52
Creggan South
37
22
34
20
Crevagh 1
306
217
182
337
Crevagh 2
35
14
9
111
Crevagh 3
132
92
89
71
Culmore 1
603
629
678
570
Culmore 2
39
20
27
37
Culmore 3
147
109
92
55
Culmore 4
149
94
109
23
Culmore 5
760
661
550
760
Ebrington 1
493
440
598
380
Ebrington 2
86
95
86
164
Eglinton 1
584
475
559
440
Eglinton 2
686
558
484
518
Enagh 1
110
105
100
148
Enagh 2
529
513
430
720
Foyle Springs 1
676
567
489
565
Foyle Springs 2
137
119
134
128
Holly Mount 1
283
255
255
323
Holly Mount 2
447
415
417
303
Kilfennan 1
565
575
400
782
Kilfennan 2
475
434
297
680
Lisnagelvin 1
245
218
222
271
33
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Table 6 (continued) Multiple Deprivation Measure Rank
Income Domain Rank
Income Deprivation Affecting Children Rank
Income Deprivation Affecting Older People Rank
Lisnagelvin 2
339
322
211
579
New Buildings 1
241
329
338
403
New Buildings 2
657
674
637
712
Pennyburn 1
411
324
339
367
Pennyburn 2
669
484
597
538
Rosemount
104
98
99
167
Shantallow East
45
23
18
65
Shantallow West 1
29
17
14
32
Shantallow West 2
25
10
7
8
Shantallow West 3
151
87
87
134
Shantallow West 4
365
226
156
179
Springtown 1
123
93
66
171
Springtown 2
451
410
434
314
Strand 1
28
42
117
61
Strand 2
441
416
356
486
SOA
The Diamond
26
37
97
95
Victoria
101
99
103
176
Westland
46
24
55
24
294
338
388
308
Ballycolman
61
46
67
22
Castlederg
97
86
110
125
Clare
197
312
450
153
Dunnamanagh
170
236
310
114
East
12
9
21
6
Finn
179
174
180
212
Glenderg
126
159
194
108
Newtownstewart
134
153
150
163
North
187
200
215
257
Plumbridge
261
398
497
438
Sion Mills
141
184
213
178
Slievekirk
269
371
422
370
South 1
212
182
159
404
South 2
410
432
496
441
Victoria Bridge
234
252
250
333
West 1
254
212
200
132
West 2
153
147
343
89
Artigarvan
34
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Table 6 (continued) NI Multiple Deprivation Mesaure 2010 (statistical geographies) 10% Education, Skills and Training Domain PostPrimary School SubDomain Rank
Education, Skills and Training Domain Working Age Adults SubDomain Rank
Proximity to Services Domain Rank
Domain Rank (18-59/64 years)
Health Deprivation and Disability Domain Rank
Education, Skills and Training Domain Rank
Education, Skills and Training Domain Primary School SubDomain Rank
64
143
96
252
88
46
397
Altnagelvin 2
533
370
527
314
509
803
665
Altnagelvin 3
262
329
471
566
323
511
410
Ballynashallog 1
322
380
513
203
817
730
635
Ballynashallog 2
731
644
802
556
876
853
442
Banagher
391
409
489
814
542
239
17
Beechwood
78
116
292
214
394
299
800
Brandywell
40
24
85
61
184
65
764
Carn Hill 1
138
191
239
244
237
267
543
Carn Hill 2
83
73
107
97
188
74
720
Caw
145
204
191
239
104
306
624
SOA
Altnagelvin 1
Clondermot 1
24
34
213
305
192
188
791
Clondermot 2
442
414
785
623
841
721
595
Claudy 1
290
342
544
634
484
455
212
Claudy 2
365
467
502
716
607
261
76
Creggan Central 1
6
13
75
189
119
26
622
Creggan Central 2
27
46
144
216
287
45
620
Creggan South
34
38
93
133
183
40
563
Crevagh 1
226
502
443
426
453
428
273
Crevagh 2
56
92
56
81
66
49
345
Crevagh 3
125
103
256
170
316
342
398
Culmore 1
441
521
790
579
834
801
250
Culmore 2
42
76
63
72
131
43
598
Culmore 3
218
181
87
51
140
115
477
Culmore 4
140
111
387
274
328
650
297
Culmore 5
752
865
776
593
739
817
269
Ebrington 1
542
533
289
197
173
716
716
Ebrington 2
85
88
188
195
152
253
881
Eglinton 1
521
425
786
815
822
573
296
Eglinton 2
613
618
779
822
689
642
322
Enagh 1
113
117
155
233
271
60
237
Enagh 2
371
647
673
514
672
723
245
Foyle Springs 1
494
603
713
492
831
699
544
Foyle Springs 2
94
82
301
177
372
411
613
Holly Mount 1
245
433
262
609
364
88
141
Holly Mount 2
329
459
519
503
439
569
374
Kilfennan 1
415
438
344
250
269
616
745
Kilfennan 2
394
507
327
256
221
590
626
Lisnagelvin 1
166
170
311
323
235
387
772
35
Stats_01.indd 35
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Table 6 (continued) NI Multiple Deprivation Mesaure 2010 (statistical geographies) 10%
SOA
Lisnagelvin 2
Domain Rank (18-59/64 years)
Health Deprivation and Disability Domain Rank
Education, Skills and Training Domain Rank
Education, Skills and Training Domain Primary School SubDomain Rank
238
346
170
361
Education, Skills and Training Domain PostPrimary School SubDomain Rank
Education, Skills and Training Domain Working Age Adults SubDomain Rank
Proximity to Services Domain Rank
95
377
833
New Buildings 1
149
291
658
284
158
118
351
New Buildings 2
458
660
518
364
802
786
335
Pennyburn 1
397
357
692
380
524
630
660
Pennyburn 2
590
632
363
418
826
765
586
Rosemount
66
118
108
261
352
550
817
Shantallow East
22
60
54
94
156
103
731
Shantallow West 1
55
31
39
88
54
51
577
Shantallow West 2
62
42
136
43
96
28
564
Shantallow West 3
184
219
517
106
159
150
449
Shantallow West 4
385
317
235
264
618
762
348
Springtown 1
118
99
590
107
399
334
502
Springtown 2
278
494
232
330
750
684
478
Strand 1
9
27
366
153
214
421
883
Strand 2
501
464
201
155
418
780
733
The Diamond
14
41
186
186
222
214
853
Victoria
77
121
194
163
172
257
822
Westland
19
74
338
124
217
292
835
Artigarvan
176
337
119
660
420
143
181
Ballycolman
36
44
205
193
148
63
526
Castlederg
57
108
273
355
333
80
270
Clare
169
257
324
760
348
81
23
Dunnamanagh
124
184
41
756
467
84
34
East
7
18
293
68
77
24
551
Finn
106
230
236
496
319
158
140
Glenderg
132
235
222
413
403
86
9
Newtownstewart
92
144
347
507
242
102
201
North
120
185
468
294
313
470
441
Plumbridge
265
368
226
834
574
191
4
Sion Mills
81
132
241
333
324
123
283
Slievekirk
258
349
195
440
297
116
50
South 1
163
221
424
218
185
201
436
South 2
256
358
332
307
527
454
474
Victoria Bridge
157
355
337
466
510
142
98
West 1
175
259
297
298
407
333
468
West 2
76
151
519
417
309
202
561
36
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Table 6 (continued) NI Multiple Deprivation Mesaure 2010 (statistical geographies) 10% Living Living Environment Environment Domain Domain Outdoor Housing Physical Access Environment SubSubDomain Domain Rank Rank
Living Env Domain Rank
Living Env Domain Housing Quality SubDomain Rank
Altnagelvin 1
422
684
377
238
371
522
211
Altnagelvin 2
662
703
350
595
285
417
170
Altnagelvin 3
681
615
494
508
738
792
625
Ballynashallog 1
459
344
594
358
570
497
654
SOA
Crime and Disorder Domain Rank
Crime and Disorder Domain Crime SubDomain Rank
Crime and Disorder Domain Disorder SubDomain Rank
Ballynashallog 2
879
716
820
684
711
624
803
Banagher
649
226
756
808
807
822
750
Beechwood
98
57
366
131
498
492
475
Brandywell
227
511
200
152
466
451
443
Carn Hill 1
250
755
142
175
220
186
296
Carn Hill 2
193
668
156
106
284
267
328
Caw
466
635
347
339
496
494
462
Clondermot 1
314
620
202
252
192
181
218
Clondermot 2
780
606
605
599
383
413
332
Claudy 1
775
632
568
606
708
718
638
Claudy 2
418
88
762
851
744
784
645
Creggan Central 1
122
171
145
196
562
502
605
Creggan Central 2
285
544
285
166
583
597
533
Creggan South
128
210
241
101
702
722
621
Crevagh 1
524
355
490
537
294
354
230
Crevagh 2
239
756
92
249
139
126
147
Crevagh 3
486
738
270
407
472
490
402
Culmore 1
730
406
704
638
451
443
432
Culmore 2
267
735
120
247
112
125
101
Culmore 3
373
603
220
342
152
200
103
Culmore 4
506
713
218
559
342
353
322
Culmore 5
829
719
636
578
829
871
721
Ebrington 1
153
76
370
257
461
525
347
Ebrington 2
21
79
33
86
35
34
53
Eglinton 1
852
575
794
658
582
521
653
Eglinton 2
869
708
772
647
754
715
760
Enagh 1
403
641
290
302
328
396
254
Enagh 2
495
573
217
669
411
439
361
Foyle Springs 1
821
736
553
627
762
730
758
Foyle Springs 2
307
283
362
296
510
486
511
Holly Mount 1
691
447
512
705
622
645
561
Holly Mount 2
582
613
280
671
397
428
348
Kilfennan 1
769
723
475
617
703
698
656
Kilfennan 2
592
707
423
394
221
427
346
Lisnagelvin 1
659
696
403
514
235
566
359
37
Stats_01.indd 37
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Table 6 (continued) NI Multiple Deprivation Mesaure 2010 (statistical geographies) 10% Living Living Environment Environment Domain Domain Outdoor Housing Physical Access Environment SubSubDomain Domain Rank Rank
Living Env Domain Rank
Living Env Domain Housing Quality SubDomain Rank
Lisnagelvin 2
461
578
330
387
443
465
386
New Buildings 1
501
688
375
334
647
664
597
New Buildings 2
861
674
812
607
575
583
539
Pennyburn 1
271
175
399
330
260
233
331
Pennyburn 2
611
328
674
567
535
398
766
Rosemount
18
16
114
87
173
177
164
Shantallow East
349
751
219
240
390
338
471
Shantallow West 1
219
763
87
205
91
56
210
Shantallow West 2
181
773
68
177
94
94
108
Shantallow West 3
454
667
278
376
230
253
220
Shantallow West 4
588
697
297
563
430
381
491
Springtown 1
366
743
165
346
290
290
303
Springtown 2
814
722
538
639
327
306
372
Strand 1
61
148
90
97
19
16
36
SOA
Crime and Disorder Domain Rank
Crime and Disorder Domain Crime SubDomain Rank
Crime and Disorder Domain Disorder SubDomain Rank
Strand 2
59
5
808
126
253
232
321
The Diamond
13
49
30
73
12
15
16
Victoria
85
98
162
150
105
77
173
Westland
45
41
214
76
368
326
428
Artigarvan
834
409
828
797
722
744
640
Ballycolman
365
496
458
188
591
646
493
Castlederg
727
482
782
480
467
424
486
Clare
639
194
815
845
819
783
822
Dunnamanagh
630
188
880
778
845
837
820
East
333
531
354
190
237
259
221
Finn
843
492
778
739
679
690
631
Glenderg
508
156
738
748
806
790
792
Newtownstewart
660
423
588
583
322
384
257
North
416
334
438
411
147
143
139
Plumbridge
468
99
843
856
856
870
805
Sion Mills
559
376
608
464
313
377
251
Slievekirk
695
311
659
796
731
701
727
South 1
677
698
502
433
615
704
482
South 2
851
717
751
552
610
736
446
Victoria Bridge
712
265
818
794
676
780
517
West 1
761
742
557
499
413
557
252
West 2
394
425
410
305
308
519
149
38
Stats_01.indd 38
03/06/2015 11:22
Table 7: NI Multiple Deprivation Measure 2010 (statistical geographies) (20%) Multiple Deprivation Measure Rank
Income Domain Rank
Income Deprivation Affecting Children Rank
Income Deprivation Affecting Older People Rank
Altnagelvin 1
88
73
52
159
Altnagelvin 2
546
439
280
459
Altnagelvin 3
429
500
363
710
Ballynashallog 1
438
360
519
385
Ballynashallog 2
788
744
756
733
Banagher
344
411
481
259
Beechwood
125
110
178
60
Brandywell
44
27
35
29
Carn Hill 1
164
123
181
92
Carn Hill 2
84
56
59
54
Caw
195
173
142
363
SOA
Clondermot 1
58
50
77
87
Clondermot 2
610
547
640
508
Claudy 1
364
289
340
145
Claudy 2
401
476
549
419
Creggan Central 1
10
2
2
3
Creggan Central 2
49
25
28
52
Creggan South
37
22
34
20
Crevagh 1
306
217
182
337
Crevagh 2
35
14
9
111
Crevagh 3
132
92
89
71
Culmore 1
603
629
678
570
Culmore 2
39
20
27
37
Culmore 3
147
109
92
55
Culmore 4
149
94
109
23
Culmore 5
760
661
550
760
Ebrington 1
493
440
598
380
Ebrington 2
86
95
86
164
Eglinton 1
584
475
559
440
Eglinton 2
686
558
484
518
Enagh 1
110
105
100
148
Enagh 2
529
513
430
720
Foyle Springs 1
676
567
489
565
Foyle Springs 2
137
119
134
128
Holly Mount 1
283
255
255
323
Holly Mount 2
447
415
417
303
Kilfennan 1
565
575
400
782
Kilfennan 2
475
434
297
680
Lisnagelvin 1
245
218
222
271
39
Stats_01.indd 39
03/06/2015 11:22
Table 7 (continued) Multiple Deprivation Measure Rank
Income Domain Rank
Income Deprivation Affecting Children Rank
Income Deprivation Affecting Older People Rank
Lisnagelvin 2
339
322
211
579
New Buildings 1
241
329
338
403
New Buildings 2
657
674
637
712
Pennyburn 1
411
324
339
367
Pennyburn 2
669
484
597
538
Rosemount
104
98
99
167
Shantallow East
45
23
18
65
Shantallow West 1
29
17
14
32
Shantallow West 2
25
10
7
8
Shantallow West 3
151
87
87
134
Shantallow West 4
365
226
156
179
Springtown 1
123
93
66
171
Springtown 2
451
410
434
314
Strand 1
28
42
117
61
Strand 2
441
416
356
486
SOA
The Diamond
26
37
97
95
Victoria
101
99
103
176
Westland
46
24
55
24
294
338
388
308
Ballycolman
61
46
67
22
Castlederg
97
86
110
125
Clare
197
312
450
153
Dunnamanagh
170
236
310
114
East
12
9
21
6
Finn
179
174
180
212
Glenderg
126
159
194
108
Newtownstewart
134
153
150
163
North
187
200
215
257
Plumbridge
261
398
497
438
Sion Mills
141
184
213
178
Slievekirk
269
371
422
370
South 1
212
182
159
404
South 2
410
432
496
441
Victoria Bridge
234
252
250
333
West 1
254
212
200
132
West 2
153
147
343
89
Artigarvan
40
Stats_01.indd 40
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Table 7 (continued) Education, Skills and Training Domain PostPrimary School SubDomain Rank
Education, Skills and Training Domain Working Age Adults SubDomain Rank
Proximity to Services Domain Rank
Domain Rank (18-59/64 years)
Health Deprivation and Disability Domain Rank
Education, Skills and Training Domain Rank
Education, Skills and Training Domain Primary School SubDomain Rank
Altnagelvin 1
64
143
96
252
88
46
397
Altnagelvin 2
533
370
527
314
509
803
665
Altnagelvin 3
262
329
471
566
323
511
410
Ballynashallog 1
322
380
513
203
817
730
635
Ballynashallog 2
731
644
802
556
876
853
442
Banagher
391
409
489
814
542
239
17
SOA
Beechwood
78
116
292
214
394
299
800
Brandywell
40
24
85
61
184
65
764
Carn Hill 1
138
191
239
244
237
267
543
Carn Hill 2
83
73
107
97
188
74
720
Caw
145
204
191
239
104
306
624
Clondermot 1
24
34
213
305
192
188
791
Clondermot 2
442
414
785
623
841
721
595
Claudy 1
290
342
544
634
484
455
212
Claudy 2
365
467
502
716
607
261
76
Creggan Central 1
6
13
75
189
119
26
622
Creggan Central 2
27
46
144
216
287
45
620
Creggan South
34
38
93
133
183
40
563
Crevagh 1
226
502
443
426
453
428
273
Crevagh 2
56
92
56
81
66
49
345
Crevagh 3
125
103
256
170
316
342
398
Culmore 1
441
521
790
579
834
801
250
Culmore 2
42
76
63
72
131
43
598
Culmore 3
218
181
87
51
140
115
477
Culmore 4
140
111
387
274
328
650
297
Culmore 5
752
865
776
593
739
817
269
Ebrington 1
542
533
289
197
173
716
716
Ebrington 2
85
88
188
195
152
253
881
Eglinton 1
521
425
786
815
822
573
296
Eglinton 2
613
618
779
822
689
642
322
Enagh 1
113
117
155
233
271
60
237
Enagh 2
371
647
673
514
672
723
245
Foyle Springs 1
494
603
713
492
831
699
544
Foyle Springs 2
94
82
301
177
372
411
613
Holly Mount 1
245
433
262
609
364
88
141
Holly Mount 2
329
459
519
503
439
569
374
Kilfennan 1
415
438
344
250
269
616
745
Kilfennan 2
394
507
327
256
221
590
626
Lisnagelvin 1
166
170
311
323
235
387
772
41
Stats_01.indd 41
03/06/2015 11:22
Table 7 (continued) Education, Skills and Training Domain PostPrimary School SubDomain Rank
Education, Skills and Training Domain Working Age Adults SubDomain Rank
Proximity to Services Domain Rank
Domain Rank (18-59/64 years)
Health Deprivation and Disability Domain Rank
Education, Skills and Training Domain Rank
Education, Skills and Training Domain Primary School SubDomain Rank
Lisnagelvin 2
238
346
223
361
95
377
833
New Buildings 1
149
291
170
284
158
118
351
New Buildings 2
458
660
658
364
802
786
335
Pennyburn 1
397
357
518
380
524
630
660
Pennyburn 2
590
632
692
418
826
765
586
Rosemount
66
118
363
261
352
550
817
Shantallow East
22
60
108
94
156
103
731
Shantallow West 1
55
31
54
88
54
51
577
Shantallow West 2
62
42
39
43
96
28
564
Shantallow West 3
184
219
136
106
159
150
449
Shantallow West 4
385
317
517
264
618
762
348
Springtown 1
118
99
235
107
399
334
502
Springtown 2
278
494
590
330
750
684
478
Strand 1
9
27
232
153
214
421
883
Strand 2
501
464
366
155
418
780
733
SOA
The Diamond
14
41
201
186
222
214
853
Victoria
77
121
186
163
172
257
822
Westland
19
74
194
124
217
292
835
Artigarvan
176
337
338
660
420
143
181
Ballycolman
36
44
119
193
148
63
526
Castlederg
57
108
205
355
333
80
270
Clare
169
257
273
760
348
81
23
Dunnamanagh
124
184
324
756
467
84
34
East
7
18
41
68
77
24
551
Finn
106
230
293
496
319
158
140
Glenderg
132
235
236
413
403
86
9
Newtownstewart
92
144
222
507
242
102
201
North
120
185
347
294
313
470
441
Plumbridge
265
368
468
834
574
191
4
Sion Mills
81
132
226
333
324
123
283
Slievekirk
258
349
241
440
297
116
50
South 1
163
221
195
218
185
201
436
South 2
256
358
424
307
527
454
474
Victoria Bridge
157
355
332
466
510
142
98
West 1
175
259
337
298
407
333
468
West 2
76
151
297
417
309
202
561
42
Stats_01.indd 42
03/06/2015 11:22
Table 7 (continued) Living Living Environment Environment Domain Domain Outdoor Housing Physical Access Environment SubSubDomain Domain Rank Rank
Living Env Domain Rank
Living Env Domain Housing Quality SubDomain Rank
Altnagelvin 1
422
684
377
238
371
522
211
Altnagelvin 2
662
703
350
595
285
417
170
Altnagelvin 3
681
615
494
508
738
792
625
Ballynashallog 1
459
344
594
358
570
497
654
Ballynashallog 2
879
716
820
684
711
624
803
Banagher
649
226
756
808
807
822
750
Beechwood
98
57
366
131
498
492
475
Brandywell
227
511
200
152
466
451
443
Carn Hill 1
250
755
142
175
220
186
296
Carn Hill 2
193
668
156
106
284
267
328
Caw
466
635
347
339
496
494
462
Clondermot 1
314
620
202
252
192
181
218
Clondermot 2
780
606
605
599
383
413
332
Claudy 1
775
632
568
606
708
718
638
Claudy 2
418
88
762
851
744
784
645
Creggan Central 1
122
171
145
196
562
502
605
Creggan Central 2
285
544
285
166
583
597
533
Creggan South
128
210
241
101
702
722
621
Crevagh 1
524
355
490
537
294
354
230
Crevagh 2
239
756
92
249
139
126
147
Crevagh 3
486
738
270
407
472
490
402
Culmore 1
730
406
704
638
451
443
432
Culmore 2
267
735
120
247
112
125
101
Culmore 3
373
603
220
342
152
200
103
Culmore 4
506
713
218
559
342
353
322
Culmore 5
829
719
636
578
829
871
721
Ebrington 1
153
76
370
257
461
525
347
Ebrington 2
21
79
33
86
35
34
53
852
575
794
658
582
521
653
Eglinton 2
869
708
772
647
754
715
760
Enagh 1
403
641
290
302
328
396
254
Enagh 2
495
573
217
669
411
439
361
Foyle Springs 1
821
736
553
627
762
730
758
Foyle Springs 2
307
283
362
296
510
486
511
Holly Mount 1
691
447
512
705
622
645
561
Holly Mount 2
582
613
280
671
397
428
348
Kilfennan 1
769
723
475
617
703
698
656
Kilfennan 2
592
707
423
394
221
427
346
Lisnagelvin 1
659
696
403
514
235
566
359
SOA
Eglinton 1
Crime and Disorder Domain Rank
Crime and Disorder Domain Crime SubDomain Rank
Crime and Disorder Domain Disorder SubDomain Rank
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Table 7 (continued) Living Living Environment Environment Domain Domain Outdoor Housing Physical Access Environment SubSubDomain Domain Rank Rank
Living Env Domain Rank
Living Env Domain Housing Quality SubDomain Rank
Lisnagelvin 2
461
578
330
387
443
465
386
New Buildings 1
501
688
375
334
647
664
597
New Buildings 2
861
674
812
607
575
583
539
Pennyburn 1
271
175
399
330
260
233
331
Pennyburn 2
611
328
674
567
535
398
766
Rosemount
18
16
114
87
173
177
164
Shantallow East
349
751
219
240
390
338
471
Shantallow West 1
219
763
87
205
91
56
210
Shantallow West 2
181
773
68
177
94
94
108
Shantallow West 3
454
667
278
376
230
253
220
Shantallow West 4
588
697
297
563
430
381
491
Springtown 1
366
743
165
346
290
290
303
Springtown 2
814
722
538
639
327
306
372
Strand 1
61
148
90
97
19
16
36
Strand 2
59
5
808
126
253
232
321
The Diamond
13
49
30
73
12
15
16
Victoria
85
98
162
150
105
77
173
Westland
45
41
214
76
368
326
428
Artigarvan
834
409
828
797
722
744
640
Ballycolman
365
496
458
188
591
646
493
Castlederg
727
482
782
480
467
424
486
Clare
639
194
815
845
819
783
822
Dunnamanagh
630
188
880
778
845
837
820
East
333
531
354
190
237
259
221
Finn
843
492
778
739
679
690
631
Glenderg
508
156
738
748
806
790
792
Newtownstewart
660
423
588
583
322
384
257
North
416
334
438
411
147
143
139
Plumbridge
468
99
843
856
856
870
805
Sion Mills
559
376
608
464
313
377
251
SOA
Crime and Disorder Domain Rank
Crime and Disorder Domain Crime SubDomain Rank
Crime and Disorder Domain Disorder SubDomain Rank
Slievekirk
695
311
659
796
731
701
727
South 1
677
698
502
433
615
704
482
South 2
851
717
751
552
610
736
446
Victoria Bridge
712
265
818
794
676
780
517
West 1
761
742
557
499
413
557
252
West 2
394
425
410
305
308
519
149
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Multiple Deprivation Measures for DCSDC (2010) Tables 6 and 7 list in alphabetical order the 75 Super Output Areas (SOA) that comprise the Derry and Strabane District Council Area. Within NI there are 890 SOAs resultant in the top 10% (worst) rank order breakpoint in NI at 89/890 and correspondingly the 20% breakpoint at 178/890. Thus the ranks in Tables 6 and 7 relate to their ranking within NI rather than where they are placed within DCSDC9. The worst 10% SOAs and 20% for each Domain and Sub-Domain10 are colour coded for easy identification 10% in red and 20% in yellow. It is worth noting that the SOAs range in population size from 795 in Ebrington 1 to 3,504 in Banagher. Across NI the average size of an SOA is 2,000 people. The SOAs are ranked across the seven components of the Multiple-Deprivation Measures updated by NISRA in 2010. These 7 domains and 8 sub-domains and three measures are as follows: 1. Multiple Deprivation Measure (MDM) 2. Income 3. Income Deprivation Affecting Children (IDAC Measure) 4. Income Deprivation Affecting older People (IDAOP Measure) 5. Employment 6. Health Deprivation and Disability 7. Education Skills and Training 8. Education and Skills and Training – Primary 9. Education and Skills and Training – Post-Primary 10. Education and Skills and Training – Working Age Adults 11. Proximity to Services 12. Living Environment 13. Living Environment Housing Quality 14. Living Environment Housing Access 15. Living Environment Outdoor Physical Environment 16. Crime and Disorder 17. Crime and Disorder- Crime 18. Crime and Disorder - Disorder While this is the case it is useful to note that this method or presentation does not affect the ordering within the DCSDC area i.e. the highest MDM or ranked Domain in DCSDC remains the highest regardless.
9
10 Sub-Domains are essentially sub-sets of the overall Domain and thus more specific. Within the Education Skills and Training Domain – the Working Age Adults sub-domain simply presents those 24-59 with no or low qualifications.
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The underlying administrative data sets relate to the years 2005-2009 although Census 2005 data was applied where no newer information existed. Urban and Rural11 SOAs are included within the table. An additional 11 Sub-Domains are presented ranging from Income Deprivation affecting Children through to Education, Skills and Training Working Age Adults. This is useful in assisting analysis on specific areas e.g. skills levels of those aged 25-59 across the area. Visual inspection of the 75 Super Output Areas by Domains, Sub-Domain and Measures illustrates the extent to which clusters of deprivation exist across the DCSDC area. Where there is widespread deprivation then this is reflected across the Domains by the presence of the red colour coding. As noted earlier in the report (table 1) there is a very strong correlation between Income, Employment, Education and Health. Thus as might be expected, in general, those SOAs which rank highly do so across the range of measures. In reviewing the table it is evident that Creggan Central 1, Brandywell, Shantallow West 2, Culmore 2, Crevagh 2 and East figure highly across the measures. Turning to the 20% level Caw, Crevagh 3, Enagh 1, Glenderg, Castlederg , Newtonstewart, Sion Mills and West 2 are highlighted as ranking highly. The majority of these areas would be known to suffer from high levels of deprivation. Some areas which are known to have low levels of employment, income and poor health outcomes are not contained within the 10% or 20% levels. This is reflective of the geography chosen and more detailed analysis using Output Area datasets is useful in identifying deep pockets of deprivation at small area level which are subsumed within an SOA. This can result from boundary anomalies where SOAs, while smaller than wards, are not uniform in nature e.g. contain affluent households adjacent to deprived households12. Analysis using Output Areas generates a number of additional areas of interest – these include13 within Donemana, Enagh, North, Rosemount, Caw, Culmore 4, Newtonstewart, Victoria, West 2. It is particularly useful in identifying pockets of rural deprivation. There is substantial research suggesting that Multiple Deprivation Measures, however constructed, are not entirely suitable for the identification of deprivation in Rural areas. (See O’Reilly, OFMDFM, 2013). This data is presented with this caveat in mind. Later within this report Rural SOAs are presented on their own to assist in identification of areas of need within the DCDCA. In this case they comprise Rural SOAs within DCSDC which fall within the worst 20 Rural SOAs in NI.
11
12
Technically the areas are not homogenous in nature i.e. do not share the same characteristics.
13
List not exhaustive but indicative of areas included at OA level.
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Table 8: Output areas (OAs) located in Derry City and Strabane District Council that fall within 20% most deprived OAs in NI but which do not reside with respective deciles of most deprived super output areas in NI OA CODE
LGD Name
Rank of Multiple Deprivation OA Measure Score
Decile of OA deprivation
Decile of SOA deprivation
95MM040007
Derry
441
10%
20%
Beechwood
95MM040001
Derry
476
10%
20%
Beechwood
95MM040005
Derry
497
10%
20%
Castlederg
95ZZ030005
39,800
474
10%
20%
Caw
95MM070005
Derry
317
10%
30%
Caw
95MM070004
Derry
379
10%
30%
Crevagh 1
95MM120003
Derry
431
10%
40%
Crevagh 3
95MM120007
Derry
487
10%
20%
Culmore 4
95MM130012
Derry
53
10%
20%
Donemana
95ZZ050002
Strabane
257
10%
20%
Enagh 1
95MM160004
Derry
290
10%
20%
Enagh 1
95MM160005
Derry
501
10%
20%
Finn
95ZZ070006
Strabane
416
10%
30%
Foyle Springs 2
95MM170007
Derry
263
10%
20%
Glenderg
95ZZ080003
Strabane
432
10%
20%
Lisnagelvin 1
95MM200009
Derry
498
10%
30%
Newtownstewart
95ZZ090006
Strabane
346
10%
20%
Newtownstewart
95ZZ090005
Strabane
391
10%
20%
North
95ZZ100003
Strabane
204
10%
30%
Rosemount
95MM230003
Derry
322
10%
20%
Rosemount
95MM230007
Derry
369
10%
20%
Springtown 1
95MM260001
Derry
292
10%
20%
Springtown 1
95MM260009
Derry
412
10%
20%
Victoria
95MM290001
Derry
158
10%
20%
Victoria
95MM290003
Derry
471
10%
20%
Victoria
95MM290008
Derry
471
10%
20%
West 2
95ZZ160008
Strabane
205
10%
20%
West 2
95ZZ160004
Strabane
323
10%
20%
Altnagelvin 3
95MM010003
Derry
872
20%
50%
Caw
95MM070003
Derry
556
20%
30%
Clare
95ZZ040002
Strabane
570
20%
30%
Clare
95ZZ040004
Strabane
848
20%
30%
Ebrington 1
95MM140004
Derry
1001
20%
60%
SOA Name Beechwood
Holly Mount 1
95MM180006
Derry
675
20%
40%
Lisnagelvin 1
95MM200008
Derry
666
20%
30%
North
95ZZ100004
Strabane
847
20%
30%
Slievekirk
95ZZ130001
Strabane
787
20%
40%
South 1
95ZZ140008
Strabane
734
20%
30%
South 1
95ZZ140002
Strabane
849
20%
30%
Victoria Bridge
95ZZ150005
Strabane
917
20%
30%
5022 OAs in NI. 1 = most deprived, 5022 least deprived Source: NISRA, Demography and Methodology Branch 47
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Turning again to Super Output Data in terms of range the lowest SOA falls within the worst 1% in NI (MDM) while the best lies within the highest 12% in NI. Within the MDM composite measure 18 of the 75 SOAs within DCSDC fall into the worst 10%. This equates to 30,925 individuals or 20.8% of the Council population. Examining the MDM at the 20% level identifies an additional 17 SOAs which comprise 36,935 of the population. Overall then 45.6% of the population are resident in those SOAs defined as deprived (10% and 20% level). The majority of the SOAs that rank worst in terms of the 10% MDM are urban in nature whilst more SOAs from the rural area are evident at the 20% level. Table 9 highlights the extent to which SOAs have moved in rank order between 2005 and 2010 within the MDM14. As this is a relative measure with respect to the rest of NI then changes (rises or falls) can be due to a range of things including local impacts e.g. new housing developments, closure or opening of firms which have a localised workforce – the drop in the employment domain in Sion Mills (-67), (-83) in West 1 or +220 in Strand 2 may reflect this or one off differential dis/improvements between DCSDC and the rest of NI.
14
The factors underlying the move from 161 to 438 for Ballynashallog 1 are unknown as yet.
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Graph 9: Northern Ireland Multiple Deprivation Measure 2005 & 2010 SOA Name
Multiple Deprivation Multiple Deprivation Measure Rank (2005) Measure Rank (2010)
Change in position
Altnagelvin 1
70
88
18
Altnagelvin 2
647
546
-101
Altnagelvin 3
466
429
-37
Ballynashallog 1
161
438
277
Ballynashallog 2
637
788
151
Banagher
312
344
32
Beechwood
83
125
42
Brandywell
16
44
28
Carn Hill 1
139
164
25
Carn Hill 2
68
84
16
230
195
-35
Clondermot 1
67
58
-9
Clondermot 2
549
610
61
Claudy 1
374
364
-10
Claudy 2
335
401
66
Creggan Central 1
11
10
-1
Creggan Central 2
55
49
-6
Creggan South
35
37
2
Crevagh 1
225
306
81
Crevagh 2
25
35
10
Crevagh 3
174
132
-42
Culmore 1
530
603
73
Culmore 2
52
39
-13
Culmore 3
155
147
-8
Culmore 4
404
149
-255
Culmore 5
722
760
38
Ebrington 1
441
493
52
Ebrington 2
80
86
6
Eglinton 1
510
584
74
Eglinton 2
603
686
83
Enagh 1 (Derry LGD)
96
110
14
Enagh 2 (Derry LGD)
481
529
48
Foyle Springs 1
547
676
129
Foyle Springs 2
122
137
15
Holly Mount 1
209
283
74
Holly Mount 2
403
447
44
Kilfennan 1
654
565
-89
Caw
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Graph 9 continued SOA Name
Source: NISRA, Demography and Methodology Branch
Multiple Deprivation Multiple Deprivation Measure Rank (2005) Measure Rank (2010)
Change in position
Kilfennan 2
592
475
-117
Lisnagelvin 1
301
245
-56
Lisnagelvin 2
463
339
-124
New Buildings 1
202
241
39
New Buildings 2
643
657
14
Pennyburn 1
340
411
71
Pennyburn 2
551
669
118
Rosemount
111
104
-7
Shantallow East
53
45
-8
Shantallow West 1
32
29
-3
Shantallow West 2
24
25
1
Shantallow West 3
171
151
-20
Shantallow West 4
470
365
-105
Springtown 1
143
123
-20
Springtown 2
320
451
131
Strand 1 (Derry LGD)
30
28
-2
Strand 2 (Derry LGD)
221
441
220
The Diamond
36
26
-10
Victoria (Derry LGD)
89
101
12
Westland
46
46
0
Artigarvan
268
294
26
Ballycolman
71
61
-10
Castlederg
95
97
2
Clare
140
197
57
Dunnamanagh
168
170
2
East
26
12
-14
Finn
153
179
26
Glenderg
79
126
47
Newtownstewart
110
134
24
North
214
187
-27
Plumbridge
188
261
73
Sion Mills
208
141
-67
Slievekirk
220
269
49
South 1
149
212
63
South 2
396
410
14
Victoria Bridge
233
234
1
West 1
337
254
-83
West 2
126
153
27
50
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Community Planning Theme 1: Social 1.1: Health KEY INDICATOR: HEALTH
THEMATIC EXAMPLE
1. Multiple Deprivation Measure 2010 – Health Domain 2. Standardised Death Rate - All Age All Cause Mortality (AAACM) 3. Standardised Admission Rate (SAR) – All 4. Emergency Care Waiting Time Statistics 5. Emergency Response Times 6. Limiting Long Term Illness (LLTI) 7. Childhood Obesity 8. Cancer Incidence Rate 9. Standardised Admission Rate – Self Harm 10. Standardised Prescription Rate – Mood and Anxiety 11. Teenage Births 12. Disability Living Allowance – 65+ 13. Drinking Prevalence 14. Drug Use Prevalence 15. Physical Activity 16. Smoking Cessation 17. Prescriptions antidepressant drugs 18. Young Persons Behaviour – Smoking 19. Young Persons Behaviour – Alcohol 20. Alcohol Related Deaths 21. Deaths due to Obesity
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NI Multiple Deprivation Rank Map 2: NI Multiple Deprivation Rank (NIMDM) Derry City and Strabane District Council
Derry
Strabane
Please see over for full list of related SOAs.
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SOA
HDD Rank
NIMDM Rank
Creggan Central 1
13
10
East
18
12
Brandywell
24
44
Strand 1
27
28
Shantallow West 1
31
29
Clondermot 1
34
58
Creggan South
38
37
The Diamond
41
26
Shantallow West 2
42
25
Ballycolman
44
61
Creggan Central 2
46
49
Shantallow East
60
45
Carn Hill 2
73
84
Westland
74
46
Culmore 2
76
39
Foyle Springs 2
82
137
Ebrington 2
88
86
Crevagh 2
92
35
Springtown 1
99
123
Crevagh 3
103
132
Castlederg
108
97
Culmore 4
111
149
Beechwood
116
125
Enagh 1
117
110
Rosemount
118
104
Victoria
121
101
Sion Mills
132
141
Altnagelvin 1
143
88
Newtownstewart
144
134
West 2
151
153
Lisnagelvin 1
170
245
890 SOAs in NI. 1 = most deprived, 890 least deprived Source: NISRA, Demography and Methodology Branch 53
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Theme 1: 1. Multiple Deprivation Measure 2010 – Health Domain LGD 2. Standardised Death Rate - All age all cause mortality. Standardised Death Rate - All Age All Cause Mortality (Deaths per 100,000 population) 2004-08 2005-09 2006-10 2007-11 2008-12 Most Deprived
1,498
1,465
1,464
1,409
1,371
Derry & Strabane LGD
1,296
1,277
1,250
1,210
1,175
Northern Ireland
1,181
1,158
1,139
1,111
1,090
Gap: Most Deprived/LGD
16%
15%
17%
16%
17%
Gap: LGD/NI
10%
10%
10%
9%
8%
3. Standardised Admission Rate Standardised Admission Rate - All (Admissions per 100,000 population) 2004-08
2005-09
2006-10
2007-11
2008-12
Most Deprived
44,173
41,539
41,298
45,384
45,087
Derry & Strabane LGD
39,018
35,757
36,252
39,427
39,805
Northern Ireland
36,959
35,328
35,364
36,717
36,963
Gap: Most Deprived/LGD
13%
16%
14%
15%
13%
Gap: LGD/NI
6%
1%
3%
7%
8%
Standardised Admission Rate - Emergency (Admissions per 100,000 population) 2004-08
2005-09
2006-10
2007-11
2008-12
Most Deprived
14,244
13,477
13,805
14,395
14,085
Derry & Strabane LGD
10,631
10,314
10,338
10,882
11,165
Northern Ireland
9,379
9,211
9,097
8,994
9,277
Gap: Most Deprived/LGD
34%
31%
34%
32%
26%
Gap: LGD/NI
13%
12%
14%
21%
20%
54
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4. Emergency Care Waiting Time Statistics Emergency Care Waiting Times at Emergency Care Departments (As percentage of ministerial target) Emergency Care Department
Total Attendances
Percentage Under 4 Hour
(New & Unplanned Reviews)
April 2014
March 2015
April 2015 P
April 2014
March 2015
April 2015 P
Altnagelvin Area
72.9%
67.6%
66.8%
4,628
4,775
4,828
Total Type 1 (NI)
72.6%
69.7%
70.1%
49,499
52,038
51,000
5. Emergency Response Times Summary of Emergency Calls & Response by Local Commissioning Group (2013/14) Local Commissioning Group Performance Measure
Northern Ireland
Belfast
Northern
South Eastern
39,290
35,601
27,387
27,376
25,101
154,755
Number of calls where following the arrival of an emergency response no ambulance is required
1,656
774
1,026
507
294
4,257
Percentage of Category A calls responded to within 8 minutes
81.1%
59.9%
62.3%
62.7%
66.6%
67.6%
Percentage of Category B calls responded to within 21 minutes
83.7%
82.4%
76.1%
79.4%
83.3%
81.2%
Percentage of Category C calls responded to within 21 minutes
72.7%
76.0%
69.6%
75.1%
79.2%
74.2%
Total number of emergency calls
Southern
Western
Source: KA34 Departmental Return
6. Limiting Long Term Illness (LLTI) Limiting Long Term Illness Derry and Strabane
Northern Ireland
Number
%
%
No long-term condition
98,819
66.9%
68.6%
Have a long-term condition
48,901
33.1%
31.4%
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Type of long-term condition Derry and Strabane
Condition type
Northern Ireland
Number
%
%
Deafness or partial hearing loss
6886
14.1%
16.4%
Blindness or partial sight loss
2636
5.4%
5.4%
Communication difficulty
2620
5.4%
5.2%
A mobility or dexterity difficulty
18746
38.3%
36.4%
A learning, intellectual, social or behavioural difficulty
3675
7.5%
7.1%
An emotional, psychological or mental health condition
11126
22.8%
18.5%
Long-term pain or discomfort
16042
32.8%
32.1%
Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
14418
29.5%
27.7%
Frequent periods of confusion or memory loss
3189
6.5%
6.3%
A chronic illness
9590
19.6%
20.8%
Other condition
8233
16.8%
16.6%
08/09-10/11
09/10-11/12
10/11-12/13
Most Deprived
6.3%
6.7%
5.7%
Derry & Strabane LGD
5.6%
5.4%
5.4%
Northern Ireland
5.2%
5.3%
5.1%
Gap: Most Deprived/LGD
14%
24%
4%
Gap: LGD/NI
7%
3%
6%
7. Childhood Obesity Limiting Long Term Illness
8. Cancer Incidence Rate Standardised Incidence Rate - Cancer (Incidence per 100,000 population) 2002-08
2003-09
2004-10
2005-11
2006-12
Most Deprived
618
617
619
618
633
Derry & Strabane LGD
552
557
568
567
578
Northern Ireland
540
549
553
560
567
Gap: Most Deprived/LGD
12%
11%
9%
9%
10%
Gap: LGD/NI
7%
2%
3%
1%
2%
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9. Standardised Admission Rate – Self Harm Standardised Admission Rate - Self-harm (Admissions per 100,000 population) 04/0508/09
05/0609/10
06/0710/11
07/0811/12
08/0912/13
Most Deprived
606
541
511
508
467
Derry & Strabane LGD
300
274
259
260
239
Northern Ireland
251
248
250
250
239
102%
97%
97%
96%
95%
19%
10%
4%
4%
0%
Gap: Most Deprived/LGD Gap: LGD/NI
10. Standardised Prescription Rate for Mood and Anxiety Disorders Standardised Admission Rate - Self-harm (Admissions per 100,000 population) 2009
2010
2011
2012
Most Deprived
294
312
316
327
Derry & Strabane LGD
203
217
223
232
Northern Ireland
168
183
190
199
Gap: Most Deprived/LGD
45%
44%
42%
41%
Gap: LGD/NI
21%
19%
17%
16%
11. Teenage Births Teenage Birth Rate (U20) (Births per 1,000 live births) 2008-10
2009-11
2010-12
Most Deprived
29.0
27.3
24.8
Derry & Strabane LGD
16.9
16.2
15.4
Northern Ireland
15.5
14.6
13.8
Gap: Most Deprived/LGD
72%
69%
60%
Gap: LGD/NI
9%
10%
12%
12. Disability Living Allowance – 65+ In 2014 there were a total of 21,000 recipients of Disability Living Allowance in the Derry City and Strabane District Council Area. 6,640 of these recipients were aged 65+ and this equates to 32.6% of the total number of recipients in this area. Equivalent Figures for NI are as follows – In 2014 there were a total number of 196,500 recipients of Disability Living Allowance in NI. 61,350 of these recipients were aged 65+ and this equates to 31.2% of the total number of recipients in NI.
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13. Drinking Prevalence Figures on drinking prevalence are taken from the 2012/13 Health Survey produced by DHSSPSNI. 71% of people in the WHSCT drink alcohol regularly whilst 9% drink alcohol occasionally. 6% of people in the WHSCT who were surveyed used to drink alcohol whilst 14% have never drank alcohol. Equivalent figures for NI are as follows – 70% of people in NI drink alcohol regularly whilst 9% drink alcohol occasionally. 6% of people in NI who were surveyed used to drink alcohol whilst 15% have never drank alcohol.
14. Drug Use Prevalence Figures on drug prevalence are taken from drug prevalence survey of households carried out in both Ireland and Northern Ireland. 3.5% of the sample in WHSCT had used a drug within the last month, whilst 6.6% had used a drug in the last year and 21.0% had used a drug within their lifetime. Equivalent figures for NI are as follows 3.3% of the sample in NI had used a drug within the last month, whilst 6.6% had used a drug in the last year and 27.3% had used a drug within their lifetime.
15. Physical Activity Figures on physical activity are taken from the 2012/13 Health Survey produced by DHSSPSNI. 31% of those in WHSCT do less than 30 minutes of exercise per week, whilst 6% exercise between 30 and 59 minutes per week. 12% exercise between 60 and 149 minutes per week and 51% meet the recommended physical activity levels of at least 150 minutes per week. Equivalent figures for NI are as follows - 28% of those in NI do less than 30 minutes of exercise per week, whilst 5% exercise between 30 and 59 minutes per week. 14% exercise between 60 and 149 minutes per week and 53% meet the recommended physical activity levels of at least 150 minutes per week.
16. Smoking Cessation In 2013 2,403 people successfully quit (self-report) at 4 weeks which equates to 60.6% of those people who set a quit date in the Derry City and Strabane District Council Area. Equivalent figures for NI are as follows – In 2013 15,813 people successfully quit (self-report) at 4 weeks which equates to 58.9% of those people who set quit date in NI.
17. Prescriptions antidepressant drugs The number of anti-depressant drug items dispensed per head of the registered population is 1.29 for the Derry City and Strabane District Council Area. This is the highest number across all of the new 11 supercouncil areas. The cost of drugs dispensed per head of registered population is £6.50 for the Derry City and Strabane District Council Area. Equivalent figures for NI are as follows – the number of antidepressant drug items dispensed per head of the registered population is 1.25 for NI as a whole. The cost of drugs dispensed per head of the registered population is £7.56 for NI as a wholewho set quit date in NI.
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18. Drinking Prevalence This information is taken from The Young Persons Behaviour and Attitudes Survey which was conducted in Autumn 2013. This is a school-based survey conducted among 11-16 year olds and covers a range of topics relevant to the lives of young people today. In 2013 in WHSCT 13.7% of people surveyed stated they had at some point smoked tobacco and of these 20.5% stated they smoked cigarettes every day, 5.1% stated they smoked at least once a week but not very day, 8.0% stated they smoked less than once a week and 66.5% stated they do not smoke now. Equivalent figures for NI are as follows - In 2013 in NI 13.5% of people surveyed stated they had at some point smoked tobacco and of these 20.5% stated they smoked cigarettes every day, 8.6% stated they smoked at least once a week but not very day, 8.6% stated they smoked less than once a week and 62.3% stated they do not smoke now.
19. Young Persons Behaviour – Alcohol This information is taken from The Young Persons Behaviour and Attitudes Survey which was conducted in Autumn 2013. This is a school-based survey conducted among 11-16 year olds and covers a range of topics relevant to the lives of young people today. In 2013 in WHSCT 39.3% of people surveyed stated they had at some point drank and of these 1.0% currently drink alcohol daily, 1.6% currently drink alcohol a few times a week, 17.5% currently drink alcohol a few times a month, 15.7% currently drink alcohol a few times a year, 15.7% rarely drink alcohol and 27.3% no longer drink alcohol. Equivalent figures for NI are as follows - In 2013 in NI 38.2% of people surveyed stated they had at some point drank and of these 0.9% currently drink alcohol daily, 2.7% currently drink alcohol a few times a week, 18.0% currently drink alcohol a few times a month, 14.5% currently drink alcohol a few times a year, 35.3% rarely drink alcohol and 28.6% no longer drink alcohol.
20. Alcohol Related Deaths In 2013 there were 236 alcohol related deaths in NI. Of these 12% (29 deaths) were in Derry City and Strabane District Council area.
21. Deaths due to Obesity. In 2013 there were 64 deaths due to obesity in NI. Of these 5% (3 deaths) were in Derry City and Strabane District Council area.
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Factors that influence people to engage in culture and sport in Northern Ireland 2011: DCAL Research Findings 3/2012 Executive summary A Respondents in the survey were asked a series of questions about factors that had influenced them and would encourage them to engage in sport and the arts. They were also asked a series of questions on the factors that would make it less likely that they would visit a museum or library. A number of common themes emerged: • • • • •
Venues Cost Government promotion Inspiration from elite athletes and artists Lack of engagement
Venues: Access to venues was an important factor in encouraging or preventing respondents to engage in culture and sport. Cost: Cost was a factor mentioned that would impact on respondents’ engagement in the arts and museums. Over a third of respondents (36%) said that lower costs of arts activities/performance would encourage them to engage in the arts in the future. An increase in admission cost in museums that are not free was mentioned by 37% of respondents as a factor that would make it less likely for them to attend a museum. Government promotion: Government promotion of sport and the arts was the reason least likely to influence respondents to engage in sport and the arts. However, a higher percentage of respondents said that government promotion of sport and the arts would encourage them to engage in sport and arts in the future (17% and 19% respectively). Inspiration from elite athletes and artists: Less than one in ten respondents said that inspiration by successful sports person or successful arts people from Northern Ireland had influenced them to play sport or engage in the arts. Lack of engagement: A high percentage of respondents said that none of the factors asked would encourage or prevent them from engaging in culture or sport as they have no intention of playing sport (25%), engaging in the arts (19%), attending a museum (17%) or attending a library (21%).
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1.2 Cultural Deprivation Index The Department of Culture, Arts and Leisure commissioned research on Cultural Deprivation within NI. In response to this request NISRA developed a Cultural Deprivation Index. This was published in February 2014 and a short summary of the results is reproduced below. The objectives of the study were: • to produce a cultural deprivation index • to compare the index with the NISRA Multiple Deprivation Measure (MDM); • to use the index to compare engagement rates in culture, arts and leisure in areas that are more culturally deprived with those that are less culturally deprived; and • to use the index to compare the social and economic conditions of areas that are defined as more culturally deprived with those that are less culturally deprived The four deprivation indices for sport, arts, libraries and museums all show to some extent an urban/rural split, with the most culturally deprived areas tending to be rural and the least deprived areas being urban. This split is also evident in the overall CDI, with no rural SOAs in the 40% culturally least deprived areas and 171 of the 178 SOAs in the most deprived 20% being rural. Participation in culture, arts and leisure was examined in relation to proximity to facilities using the CDI. For sport, there is no relationship between proximity to facilities and participation. For the arts, attendance at the arts is lower in the most deprived decile of the Arts Deprivation Index than for the other nine deciles collectively. Use of the public library service does increase as the proximity to a library increases, with the most deprived SOAs in the Library Deprivation Index having a lower usage rate than the least deprived SOAs. Similarly, those in the most deprived SOAs for the Museum Deprivation Index are less likely to have visited a museum than those in the least deprived SOAs. Examination of the overall engagement in culture, arts and leisure against the CDI shows no relationship between participation and proximity to facilities. The CDI highlights the urban and rural differences in the proximity to culture, arts and leisure services. The 20% most deprived areas are generally rural SOAs (171 of the 178 SOAs are rural). In contrast, there are no rural SOAs in the 40% least deprived areas. The most deprived SOA is Belleek and Boa in Fermanagh District Council, while the least deprived is Ebrington 2 in Derry City Council.
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1.3: Sport Graph 10 shows levels of participation in sport by the Sport Deprivation Index. The areas of deprivation are divided into ten bands (deciles) ranging from those living in the 10% most deprived areas shown in pale blue to those living in the 10% least deprived areas shown in dark blue. The eight bands in between are coloured with deepening shades of blue respectively. The green line shows the average sport participation rate for Northern Ireland.
Graph 10: Levels of participation in sport by the Sport Deprivation Index
Graph 10: Levels of participation in sport by the Sport Deprivation Index
70 60
Percentage
50
54 52
47
1 10% Most
2
58
58
54
53
6
7
56
53
50
40 30
20 10 0
Deprived
3
4
5
NI Sport Participation Rate
8
9
10 10% Least Deprived
Source: DCAL Cultural Deprivation Index 2014 Source: The Local Context – Economy and Society, OFMDFM Economic Policy Unit, September 2014
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1.4: Volunteering Detailed Characteristics for Northern Ireland on Housing, Labour Market and Voluntary Work. Census 2011. Sept 2013 Voluntary work and age and sex A new question for the 2011 Census asked respondents aged 16 and over whether they had helped with or carried out any voluntary work in the previous year. Overall, 15% of people aged 16 and over had undertaken voluntary work in the 12 months before Census Day 2011, with females (16%) more likely than males (14%) to have done so. People in the 16 to 24 age group were most likely to have carried out voluntary work (19%), including 22% of females and 16% of males. At 7.1%, however, those aged 75 and over were less likely than other age groups to have done so, including 6.1% of females and 8.6% of males.
Voluntary work and economic activity Usual residents aged 16 and over who were economically active were more likely than those who were economically inactive to have participated in voluntary work in the previous year (17% and 13% respectively). Students were most likely to have carried out voluntary work, including 28% of economically active full-time students and 22% of economically inactive students. Among the economically active, Unemployed people were least likely to have carried out voluntary work (13%), whereas, among the economically inactive, it was people who were Long-term sick or disabled (5.3%).
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Health Deprivation and Disability Map 1: Deprivation - Health Deprivation and Disability (HDD) Domain Rank Derry and Strabane District Council - HDD
Derry HDD
Strabane HDD
Please see over for full list of related SOAs. 64
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Please see below for full list of related SOAs. SOA
NIMDM Rank
Creggan Central 1
10
East
12
Shantallow West 2
25
The Diamond
26
Strand 1
28
Shantallow West 1
29
Crevagh 2
35
Creggan South
37
Culmore 2
39
Brandywell
44
Shantallow East
45
Westland
46
Creggan Central 2
49
Clondermot 1
58
Ballycolman
61
Carn Hill 2
84
Ebrington 2
86
Altnagelvin 1
88
Castlederg
97
Victoria
101
Rosemount
104
Enagh 1
110
Springtown 1
123
Beechwood
125
Glenderg
126
Crevagh 3
132
Newtownstewart
134
Foyle Springs 2
137
Sion Mills
141
Culmore 3
147
Culmore 4
149
Shantallow West 3
151
West 2
153
Carn Hill 1
164
Donemana
170
890 SOAs in NI. 1 = most deprived, 890 least deprived Source: NISRA, Demography and Methodology Branch
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Table 9: DSD Welfare Data
DLA Recipients
% of DLA Recipients aged under 65
AA Recipients
% of AA Recipients aged over 65
Altnagelvin 1
250
20%
30
13%
Altnagelvin 2
120
7%
30
20%
Altnagelvin 3
160
11%
40
18%
Artigarvan
320
13%
70
18%
Ballycolman
350
23%
50
18%
Ballynashallog 1
210
18%
60
14%
Ballynashallog 2
130
9%
30
13%
Banagher
280
9%
110
27%
Beechwood
450
25%
70
17%
Brandywell
560
27%
60
17%
Carn Hill 1
270
22%
20
10%
Carn Hill 2
270
26%
20
10%
Castlederg
480
28%
90
21%
Caw
410
20%
100
20%
Clare
370
17%
90
21%
Claudy 1
180
13%
30
15%
Claudy 2
190
11%
50
20%
Clondermot 1
290
27%
40
20%
Clondermot 2
200
15%
80
23%
Creggan Central 1
340
24%
20
21%
Creggan Central 2
240
21%
10
8%
Creggan South
460
23%
60
23%
Crevagh 1
250
14%
20
11%
Crevagh 2
250
21%
0
0%
Crevagh 3
360
15%
20
20%
Culmore 1
130
13%
30
20%
Culmore 2
260
23%
10
9%
Culmore 3
230
16%
10
9%
Culmore 4
420
18%
30
12%
Culmore 5
110
5%
20
17%
Dunnamanagh
290
16%
80
26%
East
390
28%
70
23%
Ebrington 1
110
21%
60
22%
Ebrington 2
280
19%
50
18%
Eglinton 1
210
15%
70
19%
Eglinton 2
210
9%
60
26%
Enagh 1
290
13%
30
15%
SOA
Enagh 2
270
9%
40
12%
Finn
390
15%
50
14%
Foyle Springs 1
180
10%
20
12%
Source: DSD, Analytical Services Unit (HB – June 2014; DLA, AA, CA, ESA, IS and JSA – Feb 2014; Child Benefit – Aug 2013; Children in IS/JSA families – Aug 2012)
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Table 9: DSD Welfare Data (continued)
DLA Recipients
% of DLA Recipients aged under 65
AA Recipients
% of AA Recipients aged over 65
Foyle Springs 2
270
17%
50
19%
Glenderg
430
19%
80
21%
Holly Mount 1
230
11%
40
15%
Holly Mount 2
260
9%
30
14%
Kilfennan 1
170
14%
50
17%
Kilfennan 2
130
10%
10
10%
Lisnagelvin 1
310
25%
70
20%
Lisnagelvin 2
210
15%
70
19%
New Buildings 1
230
16%
30
14%
New Buildings 2
150
10%
40
14%
Newtownstewart
360
19%
80
21%
North
430
15%
80
19%
Pennyburn 1
130
13%
50
19%
Pennyburn 2
140
15%
60
18%
Plumbridge
230
12%
80
23%
SOA
Rosemount
380
17%
60
18%
Shantallow East
510
24%
50
13%
Shantallow West 1
250
21%
10
12%
Shantallow West 2
250
19%
10
10%
Shantallow West 3
240
14%
10
13%
Shantallow West 4
250
12%
20
17%
Sion Mills
460
24%
70
18%
Slievekirk
300
14%
80
23%
South 1
220
13%
20
8%
South 2
180
16%
30
16%
Springtown 1
270
17%
10
8%
Springtown 2
190
16%
20
12%
Strand 1
410
24%
40
15%
Strand 2
150
10%
40
16%
The Diamond
460
23%
60
19%
Victoria
420
14%
70
20%
Victoria Bridge
300
16%
80
22%
West 1
210
11%
20
16%
West 2
280
27%
60
19%
Westland
420
23%
80
22%
Source: DSD, Analytical Services Unit (HB – June 2014; DLA, AA, CA, ESA, IS and JSA – Feb 2014; Child Benefit – Aug 2013; Children in IS/JSA families – Aug 2012)
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Table 9: DSD Welfare Data (continued)
CA Claimants
% of CA Claimants aged over 16
Child Benefit Claimants
Child Benefit Claimants Number of Children
Altnagelvin 1
80
7%
220
365
Altnagelvin 2
40
3%
305
560
Altnagelvin 3
60
4%
225
385
Artigarvan
120
5%
380
715
Ballycolman
140
10%
290
505
Ballynashallog 1
70
5%
145
260
SOA
Ballynashallog 2
30
2%
200
340
Banagher
120
5%
490
1005
Beechwood
140
8%
295
490
Brandywell
150
8%
365
645
Carn Hill 1
100
9%
240
440
Carn Hill 2
90
10%
215
365
Castlederg
160
9%
245
435
Caw
110
5%
305
530
Clare
150
7%
315
595
Claudy 1
70
6%
235
445
Claudy 2
70
5%
245
500
Clondermot 1
80
8%
185
320
Clondermot 2
50
4%
155
265
Creggan Central 1
150
15%
345
685
Creggan Central 2
80
8%
220
380
Creggan South
170
10%
375
660
Crevagh 1
90
6%
335
600
Crevagh 2
80
9%
245
445
Crevagh 3
140
8%
510
925
Culmore 1
40
4%
160
295
Culmore 2
90
10%
215
380
Culmore 3
80
7%
255
470
Culmore 4
160
9%
525
1045
Culmore 5
50
3%
400
785
Dunnamanagh
120
7%
285
560
East
130
10%
250
460
Ebrington 1
30
4%
65
125
Ebrington 2
70
5%
260
440
Eglinton 1
70
5%
220
425
Eglinton 2
70
4%
435
840
Enagh 1
120
7%
435
765
Enagh 2
80
3%
490
895
Finn
140
6%
420
790
Foyle Springs 1
60
4%
285
500
Source: DSD, Analytical Services Unit (HB – June 2014; DLA, AA, CA, ESA, IS and JSA – Feb 2014; Child Benefit – Aug 2013; Children in IS/JSA families – Aug 2012)
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Table 9: DSD Welfare Data (continued)
CA Claimants
% of CA Claimants aged over 16
Child Benefit Claimants
Child Benefit Claimants Number of Children
Foyle Springs 2
90
6%
235
390
Glenderg
190
9%
325
675
Holly Mount 1
90
5%
330
610
Holly Mount 2
90
4%
505
945
Kilfennan 1
50
4%
160
275
Kilfennan 2
50
5%
190
345
SOA
Lisnagelvin 1
90
7%
235
420
Lisnagelvin 2
60
4%
220
370
New Buildings 1
70
5%
250
435
New Buildings 2
40
3%
210
360
Newtownstewart
120
7%
280
535
North
140
6%
510
960
Pennyburn 1
40
4%
175
305
Pennyburn 2
40
4%
110
190
Plumbridge
80
5%
280
590
Rosemount
120
6%
295
505
Shantallow East
220
11%
425
740
Shantallow West 1
90
10%
245
450
Shantallow West 2
90
9%
255
495
Shantallow West 3
90
7%
400
755
Shantallow West 4
70
5%
425
800
Sion Mills
170
9%
315
550
Slievekirk
100
5%
330
615
South 1
110
8%
275
490
South 2
50
5%
200
340
Springtown 1
90
7%
275
480
Springtown 2
60
5%
175
315
Strand 1
90
5%
150
250
Strand 2
30
2%
125
210
The Diamond
110
6%
305
470
Victoria
130
5%
530
930
Victoria Bridge
120
7%
285
565
West 1
70
5%
355
680
West 2
90
8%
165
285
Westland
140
8%
315
565
Source: DSD, Analytical Services Unit (HB – June 2014; DLA, AA, CA, ESA, IS and JSA – Feb 2014; Child Benefit – Aug 2013; Children in IS/JSA families – Aug 2012)
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Table 9: DSD Welfare Data (continued) Children in IS/JSA families: 0-15 years
Children in IS/JSA families: 0-19 years
Employment & Support Allowance Claimants
% of Employment & Support Allowance Claimants 16-64
Altnagelvin 1
125
145
120
13%
Altnagelvin 2
100
115
80
6%
Altnagelvin 3
50
55
80
7%
Artigarvan
130
155
130
7%
Ballycolman
185
230
180
16%
Ballynashallog 1
60
70
80
8%
Ballynashallog 2
20
25
50
4%
Banagher
85
105
150
7%
Beechwood
135
155
190
14%
Brandywell
310
385
310
20%
Carn Hill 1
120
145
110
12%
Carn Hill 2
160
185
130
18%
Castlederg
145
180
180
14%
Caw
165
180
180
11%
Clare
85
100
120
7%
Claudy 1
85
100
90
9%
Claudy 2
45
60
100
8%
Clondermot 1
105
115
140
17%
Clondermot 2
25
25
80
8%
Creggan Central 1
315
400
190
20%
Creggan Central 2
140
180
140
16%
Creggan South
265
335
230
16%
Crevagh 1
155
185
130
10%
Crevagh 2
230
265
140
17%
Crevagh 3
290
345
190
11%
Culmore 1
25
30
60
8%
Culmore 2
175
220
130
16%
SOA
Culmore 3
190
220
130
13%
Culmore 4
255
300
170
11%
Culmore 5
55
65
50
3%
Dunnamanagh
110
130
130
9%
East
225
275
190
18%
Ebrington 1
25
30
50
12%
Ebrington 2
120
135
200
17%
Eglinton 1
60
70
90
8%
Eglinton 2
90
100
100
6%
Enagh 1
190
220
160
10%
Enagh 2
105
125
110
5%
Finn
155
195
180
10%
Foyle Springs 1
40
55
90
7%
Source: DSD, Analytical Services Unit (HB – June 2014; DLA, AA, CA, ESA, IS and JSA – Feb 2014; Child Benefit – Aug 2013; Children in IS/JSA families – Aug 2012)
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Table 9: DSD Welfare Data (continued) Children in IS/JSA families: 0-15 years
Children in IS/JSA families: 0-19 years
Employment & Support Allowance Claimants
% of Employment & Support Allowance Claimants 16-64
Foyle Springs 2
95
115
140
12%
Glenderg
160
200
170
10%
Holly Mount 1
80
95
110
7%
Holly Mount 2
105
120
140
7%
Kilfennan 1
50
55
70
7%
Kilfennan 2
65
80
90
9%
SOA
Lisnagelvin 1
95
110
130
13%
Lisnagelvin 2
90
100
90
9%
New Buildings 1
75
95
90
8%
New Buildings 2
35
45
60
5%
Newtownstewart
135
150
130
9%
North
230
260
240
11%
Pennyburn 1
70
85
60
8%
Pennyburn 2
15
20
50
7%
Plumbridge
45
65
90
6%
Rosemount
170
210
260
14%
Shantallow East
265
340
230
15%
Shantallow West 1
205
240
160
19%
Shantallow West 2
235
270
140
16%
Shantallow West 3
300
365
200
17%
Shantallow West 4
195
240
120
8%
Sion Mills
150
170
180
13%
Slievekirk
100
115
130
8%
South 1
110
140
130
11%
South 2
45
50
80
9%
Springtown 1
205
230
150
13%
Springtown 2
30
45
80
8%
Strand 1
65
85
300
20%
Strand 2
35
45
90
7%
The Diamond
150
195
320
19%
Victoria
205
250
270
12%
Victoria Bridge
100
120
130
9%
West 1
145
175
100
8%
West 2
70
80
110
14%
Westland
245
295
230
17%
Source: DSD, Analytical Services Unit (HB – June 2014; DLA, AA, CA, ESA, IS and JSA – Feb 2014; Child Benefit – Aug 2013; Children in IS/JSA families – Aug 2012)
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Table 9: DSD Welfare Data (continued) Housing Benefit Claimants
Income Support Claimants
% of 16+ Income Support Claimants
JSA Claimants
% of JSA Claimants 16-64
Altnagelvin 1
330
100
8%
110
12%
Altnagelvin 2
140
40
3%
40
3%
Altnagelvin 3
110
40
3%
50
4%
Artigarvan
200
70
3%
90
5%
Ballycolman
340
110
8%
140
12%
Ballynashallog 1
100
50
4%
30
3%
SOA
Ballynashallog 2
30
10
1%
40
4%
Banagher
170
50
2%
90
4%
Beechwood
340
100
6%
130
9%
Brandywell
740
180
9%
200
13%
Carn Hill 1
240
60
5%
70
8%
Carn Hill 2
270
80
9%
80
11%
Castlederg
380
110
6%
130
10%
Caw
490
110
5%
100
6%
Clare
150
60
3%
80
5%
Claudy 1
170
40
3%
50
5%
Claudy 2
60
30
2%
40
3%
Clondermot 1
340
100
10%
120
14%
Clondermot 2
140
20
1%
50
5%
Creggan Central 1
530
210
20%
160
17%
Creggan Central 2
250
70
7%
100
11%
Creggan South
490
170
10%
210
15%
Crevagh 1
250
80
5%
110
9%
Crevagh 2
360
110
12%
110
13%
Crevagh 3
450
160
9%
140
8%
Culmore 1
40
20
2%
30
4%
Culmore 2
330
100
11%
90
11%
Culmore 3
280
80
7%
100
10%
Culmore 4
430
130
7%
110
7%
Culmore 5
70
30
2%
40
3%
Dunnamanagh
160
70
4%
90
6%
East
550
120
9%
190
18%
Ebrington 1
140
30
4%
20
5%
Ebrington 2
490
100
7%
120
10%
Eglinton 1
140
30
2%
50
5%
Eglinton 2
140
40
2%
60
4%
Enagh 1
370
110
6%
110
7%
Enagh 2
200
80
3%
60
3%
Finn
280
100
4%
130
7%
Foyle Springs 1
60
40
3%
70
5%
Source: DSD, Analytical Services Unit (HB – June 2014; DLA, AA, CA, ESA, IS and JSA – Feb 2014; Child Benefit – Aug 2013; Children in IS/JSA families – Aug 2012)
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Table 9: DSD Welfare Data (continued) Housing Benefit Claimants
Income Support Claimants
% of 16+ Income Support Claimants
JSA Claimants
% of JSA Claimants 16-64
Foyle Springs 2
320
90
6%
110
9%
Glenderg
220
90
4%
90
5%
Holly Mount 1
130
60
3%
60
4%
Holly Mount 2
180
80
4%
70
3%
Kilfennan 1
70
30
2%
40
4%
Kilfennan 2
160
30
3%
60
6%
Lisnagelvin 1
240
60
5%
70
7%
Lisnagelvin 2
170
50
4%
70
7%
New Buildings 1
150
60
5%
50
5%
New Buildings 2
50
20
1%
40
4%
Newtownstewart
330
90
5%
110
8%
North
510
140
6%
210
10%
Pennyburn 1
100
30
3%
60
8%
Pennyburn 2
60
10
1%
30
4%
Plumbridge
100
30
2%
50
4%
SOA
Rosemount
630
120
6%
260
14%
Shantallow East
480
190
10%
180
12%
Shantallow West 1
320
110
12%
100
12%
Shantallow West 2
310
120
12%
80
9%
Shantallow West 3
460
140
11%
120
10%
Shantallow West 4
320
110
7%
100
7%
Sion Mills
320
100
6%
120
8%
Slievekirk
160
50
3%
90
6%
South 1
230
80
6%
80
7%
South 2
90
30
3%
50
6%
Springtown 1
270
80
6%
110
9%
Springtown 2
40
20
2%
40
4%
Strand 1
920
120
7%
420
27%
Strand 2
230
40
2%
90
7%
The Diamond
770
160
8%
270
16%
Victoria
660
150
6%
220
9%
Victoria Bridge
140
60
3%
70
5%
West 1
210
70
5%
70
6%
West 2
200
50
5%
80
10%
Westland
520
150
9%
200
15%
Source: DSD, Analytical Services Unit (HB – June 2014; DLA, AA, CA, ESA, IS and JSA – Feb 2014; Child Benefit – Aug 2013; Children in IS/JSA families – Aug 2012)
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Table 10: DSD Welfare Data - Top 10 SOA by actual numbers and % of population of SOA (DLA) Disability Living Allowance Recipients
% of those aged under 65
Disability Living Allowance Recipients
% of those aged under 65
Brandywell
560
27%
East
390
28%
Shantallow East
510
24%
Castlederg
480
28%
Castlederg
480
28%
West 2
280
27%
Creggan South
460
23%
Brandywell
560
27%
The Diamond
460
23%
Clondermot 1
290
27%
Sion Mills
460
24%
Carn Hill 2
270
26%
Beechwood
450
25%
Beechwood
450
25%
Glenderg
430
19%
Lisnagelvin 1
310
25%
North
430
15%
Sion Mills
460
24%
Culmore 4
420
18%
Creggan Central 1
340
24%
SOA
SOA
Table 10 cont’: DSD Welfare Data - Top 10 SOA by actual numbers and % of population of SOA (AA) SOA
Attendance % of Allowance those aged Recipients over 65
SOA
Attendance % of Allowance those aged Recipients over 65
Banagher
110
27%
Banagher
110
27%
Caw
100
20%
Dunnamanagh
80
26%
Castlederg
90
21%
Eglinton 2
60
26%
Clare
90
21%
Clondermot 2
80
23%
Westland
80
22%
East
70
23%
Glenderg
80
21%
Slievekirk
80
23%
Newtownstewart
80
21%
Plumbridge
80
23%
Victoria Bridge
80
22%
Creggan South
60
23%
Dunnamanagh
80
26%
Westland
80
22%
Clondermot 2
80
23%
Victoria Bridge
80
22%
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Table 10 cont’: DSD Welfare Data - Top 10 SOA by actual numbers and % of population of SOA (CA) SOA
Carers Allowance Claimants
% of those aged over 16
SOA
Carers Allowance Claimants
% of those aged over 16
Shantallow East
220
11%
Creggan Central 1
150
15%
Glenderg
190
9%
Shantallow East
220
11%
Creggan South
170
10%
Creggan South
170
10%
Sion Mills
170
9%
Shantallow West 1
90
10%
Castlederg
160
9%
Ballycolman
140
10%
Culmore 4
160
9%
Culmore 2
90
10%
Clare
150
7%
East
130
10%
Creggan Central 1
150
15%
Carn Hill 2
90
10%
Brandywell
150
8%
Sion Mills
170
9%
Westland
140
8%
Glenderg
190
9%
Table 10 cont’: DSD Welfare Data - Top 10 SOA by actual numbers and % of population of SOA (Child Benefit) Child Benefit Claimants
CB ClaimantsNumber of Children
Child Benefit Claimants
CB ClaimantsNumber of Children
Victoria
530
930
Culmore 4
525
1045
Culmore 4
525
1045
Banagher
490
1005
Crevagh 3
510
925
North
510
960
North
510
960
Holly Mount 2
505
945
Holly Mount 2
505
945
Victoria
530
930
Banagher
490
1005
Crevagh 3
510
925
Enagh 2
490
895
Enagh 2
490
895
Enagh 1
435
765
Eglinton 2
435
840
Eglinton 2
435
840
Shantallow West 4
425
800
Shantallow East
425
740
Finn
420
790
SOA
SOA
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Table 10 cont’: DSD Welfare Data - Top 10 SOA by actual numbers and % of population of SOA (Children in IS/JSA families) SOA
Children in IS/JSA families: 0-15 years
Children in IS/JSA families: 0-19 years
SOA
Children in IS/JSA families: 0-15 years
Children in IS/JSA families: 0-19 years
Creggan Central 1
315
400
Creggan Central 1
315
400
Brandywell
310
385
Brandywell
310
385
Shantallow West 3
300
365
Shantallow West 3
300
365
Crevagh 3
290
345
Crevagh 3
290
345
Shantallow East
265
340
Shantallow East
265
340
Creggan South
265
335
Creggan South
265
335
Culmore 4
255
300
Culmore 4
255
300
Westland
245
295
Westland
245
295
Shantallow West 2
235
270
East
225
275
Crevagh 2
230
265
Shantallow West 2
235
270
Table 10 cont’: DSD Welfare Data - Top 10 SOA by actual numbers and % of population of SOA (ESA) Employment & Support Allowance Claimants
% of 16-64
SOA
Employment & Support Allowance Claimants
% of 16-64
The Diamond
320
19%
Creggan Central 1
190
20%
Brandywell
310
20%
Brandywell
310
20%
Strand 1
300
20%
Strand 1
300
20%
Victoria
270
12%
Shantallow West 1
160
19%
Rosemount
260
14%
The Diamond
320
19%
North
240
11%
East
190
18%
Creggan South
230
16%
Carn Hill 2
130
18%
Shantallow East
230
15%
Ebrington 2
200
17%
Westland
230
17%
Shantallow West 3
200
17%
Ebrington 2
200
17%
Westland
230
17%
SOA
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Table 10 cont’: DSD Welfare Data - Top 10 SOA by actual numbers and % of population of SOA (Housing Benefit) SOA
Housing Benefit Claimants
Strand 1
920
The Diamond
770
Brandywell
740
Victoria
660
Rosemount
630
East
550
Creggan Central 1
530
Westland
520
North
510
Ebrington 2
490
Table 10 cont’: DSD Welfare Data - Top 10 SOA by actual numbers and % of population of SOA (IS) SOA
Income Support
% of 16-64
SOA
Income Support
% of 16-64
Creggan Central 1
210
20%
Creggan Central 1
210
20%
Shantallow East
190
10%
Shantallow West 2
120
12%
Brandywell
180
9%
Crevagh 2
110
12%
Creggan South
170
10%
Shantallow West 1
110
12%
The Diamond
160
8%
Shantallow West 3
140
11%
Crevagh 3
160
9%
Culmore 2
100
11%
Victoria
150
6%
Creggan South
170
10%
Westland
150
9%
Shantallow East
190
10%
North
140
6%
Clondermot 1
100
10%
Shantallow West 3
140
11%
Brandywell
180
9%
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Table 10 cont’: DSD Welfare Data - Top 10 SOA by actual numbers and % of population of SOA (JSA) SOA
Jobseekers Allowance % of 16-64 Claimants
SOA
Jobseekers Allowance % of 16-64 Claimants
Strand 1
420
27%
Strand 1
420
27%
The Diamond
270
16%
East
190
18%
Rosemount
260
14%
Creggan Central 1
160
17%
Victoria
220
9%
The Diamond
270
16%
Creggan South
210
15%
Westland
200
15%
North
210
10%
Creggan South
210
15%
Brandywell
200
13%
Clondermot 1
120
14%
Westland
200
15%
Rosemount
260
14%
East
190
18%
Crevagh 2
110
13%
Shantallow East
180
12%
Brandywell
200
13%
Source: DSD, Analytical Services Unit (HB – June 2014; DLA, AA, CA, ESA, IS and JSA – Feb 2014; Child Benefit – Aug 2013; Children in IS/JSA families – Aug 2012)
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2.3: Suicide The number of deaths from suicide registered in Northern Ireland has increased since 2002. This appears to represent a significant problem in local society as the suicide rate per 100,000 population has risen from the lowest rate compared to other parts of the UK in 2002 to the highest in 2012, peaking at 17.3 in 2010. Deaths from suicide rose by 71% over the period 2002 to 2010 but data for 2012 points towards a reduction of 11% in the number of deaths from suicide since 2010. In 2012, males accounted for 77% of all suicide deaths in Northern Ireland which looks consistent with the typical trend over the past decade Source: The Local Context – Economy and Society, OFMDFM Economic Policy Unit, September 2014
Graph 11: Suicide rate per 100,000 population, 2002-12
Source: The Local Context – Economy and Society, OFMDFM Economic Policy Unit, September 2014
In 2012, suicide deaths in NI were highest among males aged over 90 years old (82.1 per 100,000 population) and also among males aged 20-24 (57.7 per 100,000 population). Suicide rates for females are considerably lower across each age group – the highest rate for females is in the 20-24 age group (18.8 per 100,000 population). Within the DCSDC LGD since 2004 the suicide rate peaked in the period 2006-10. Overall the rate is 13% higher than the rate for NI IN 2008-2012 but within the more deprived SOAs the rate, although dropping, remains 80% higher than the NI rate. Graph 12 outlines the trend within the crude suicide rate up to 2012. 79
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Graph 12: Crude suicide rate, deaths per 100,000 population (2004-08 to 2008-12)
Source: Sub-Regional Health and Social Care Inequalities Monitoring System 2015, DHSSPSN
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Community Planning Theme 2: Economy 2.1: Employment/Economic Activity
THEMATIC EXAMPLE
KEY INDICATORS:
1. Multiple Deprivation Measure 2010 – Employment Domain LGD 2. Census of Employment – incl. gender LGD 3. Economic Activity 4. Unemployment 5. Youth Employment 6. NEETs 7. F/T P/T employment 8. Median wage/Gender/public private split 9. Resident Employment/Workplace 10. Not employed by category – Health, Carer 11. Civil Servants by home and work location.
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Map 3: Deprivation - Employment Domain (ED) Rank Employment Deprivation
Derry and Strabane District Council - ED
Derry - ED
Strabane - ED
Please see over for full list of related SOAs. 82
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SOA
ED Rank
NIMDM Rank
Creggan Central 1
6
10
East
7
12
Strand 1
9
28
The Diamond
14
26
Westland
19
46
Shantallow East
22
45
Clondermot 1
24
58
Creggan Central 2
27
49
Creggan South
34
37
Ballycolman
36
61
Brandywell
40
44
Culmore 2
42
39
Shantallow West 1
55
29
Crevagh 2
56
35
Castlederg
57
97
Shantallow West 2
62
25
Altnagelvin 1
64
88
Rosemount
66
104
West 2
76
153
Victoria
77
101
Beechwood
78
125
Sion Mills
81
141
Carn Hill 2
83
84
Ebrington 2
85
86
Newtownstewart
92
134
Foyle Springs 2
94
137
Finn
106
179
Enagh 1
113
110
Springtown 1
118
123
North
120
187
Dunnamanagh
124
170
Crevagh 3
125
132
Glenderg
132
126
Carn Hill 1
138
164
Culmore 4
140
149
Caw
145
195
New Buildings 1
149
241
Victoria Bridge
157
234
South 1
163
212
Lisnagelvin 1
166
245
Clare
169
197
West 1
175
254
Artigarvan
176
294
890 SOAs in NI. 1 = most deprived, 890 least deprived Source: NISRA, Demography and Methodology Branch
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• Derry City and Strabane District council area ranks 1st in NI in the % of population Employment Deprived [19%]. In total 16,500 are defined as Employment Deprived.
Labour Supply and Business • In 2013, the Labour Force Survey (LFS) estimated that there were 57,000 people employed in the Derry City and Strabane District council area. This led to a 16-64 employment rate of approximately 57%. • In 2013, the NI Census of Employment estimated that there were 50,253 employee jobs in Derry-Strabane. This total has remained relatively constant from that estimated in 2011 (50,458) and down from the estimate in 2009 (51278).
Table 11: Employee jobs by Council area, 2009 -2013 Derry Year
Full-time
Part-time
Total
Full-time
Part-time
2009
27540
14690
42229
65%
35%
2011
26523
14787
41310
64%
36%
2013
27011
14303
41314
65%
35%
Strabane Year
Full-time
Part-time
Total
Full-time
Part-time
2009
5476
3573
9049
61%
39%
2011
5329
3819
9148
58%
42%
2013
5334
3604
8939
60%
40%
Derry-Strabane Year
Full-time
Part-time
Total
Full-time
Part-time
2009
33016
18263
51278
64%
36%
2011
31852
18606
50458
63%
37%
2013
32345
17907
50253
64%
36%
Table 12: Employee jobs by Council area by gender and job status, 2013 Derry
Strabane
DCSDC
NI
Male
45%
47%
46%
48%
Full-time
35%
35%
35%
39%
Part-time
10%
11%
10%
9%
Female
55%
53%
54%
52%
Full-time
30%
24%
29%
27%
Part-time
25%
29%
25%
26%
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Graph 13: Proportion of employee jobs by industry sector, 2009-2013
The data depicted in Graph 13 do not include employee jobs in Mining/ Quarrying, Utilities, Forestry and Fishing industries. These jobs amount to just over 1 per cent of employee jobs in the DCSDC area. Source: NISRA, Census of Employment
• 19.7% of employee jobs in Derry-Strabane, were in the ‘Human Health and Social Work Activities’; 18.5% of jobs were in ‘Wholesale and Retail Trade; Repair of Motor Vehicles and Motorcycles’ and 11.2% were in ‘Education’. • 17.7% of male employee jobs in Derry-Strabane, were in the ‘Wholesale and Retail Trade; Repair of Motor Vehicles and Motorcycles’; 16.4% of jobs were in ‘Manufacturing’ and 9.1% were in ‘Administrative And Support Service Activities’. • 28.8% of female employee jobs in Derry-Strabane, were in the ‘Human Health and Social Work Activities’; 19.2% of female jobs were in ‘Wholesale and Retail Trade; Repair of Motor Vehicles and Motorcycles’ and 15.6% were in ‘Education’. • The Census of Employment (2011 and 2013) shows that employment creation during the present recessionary period has been lacklustre with new employment simply apace with job losses. • Many of the jobs that have been created have been in areas of high growth such as ICT and Life Sciences. • It is worth noting that even prior to the collapse of the construction sector that DCC area was not overly dependent upon this sector for employment whereas Strabane has a higher dependency on this sector.
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Graph 14: % Construction Jobs 2009, 2011 and 2013
Graph 15: % Construction Jobs, 2013 by old LGD
• The Census of Employment does not report on agriculture labour. This is obtained from the annual Farm Census. In 2014, the total agriculture labour force for DCSDC stood at 3339.
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Table 13: Agriculture labour force Area
Farmers and Partners
Other workers
Agriculture Labour Force
FT
PT
Spouse
FT
PT
Casual
Derry
348
214
120
67
97
106
952
Strabane
901
579
265
188
230
224
2387
Derry/Strabane
1249
793
385
255
327
330
3339
• Compared with those in lowland areas, farmers in Less Favoured Areas (LFA) usually face significant handicaps deriving from factors such as remoteness, difficult topography and poor soil conditions. A higher proportion of farms in DCSDC (83%) are considered LFA farms compared with NI as a whole (70%).
Graph 16: Non LFA farms and LFA farms for Derry City Council, Strabane District Council, Derry City and Strabane District Council and NI
Source: DARD, Farm census
• The Inter-Departmental –Business Register reported that there were 4525 VAT and/ or PAYE business operating in the DCSDC area. This equated to 6.7 of all firms in Northern Ireland. • In Derry, Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing firms made up 12.5% of all the firms. The proportion in Strabane stood at 43.1%. This would be largely made up of farm enterprises. • The vast majority of firms in DCSDC are small firms with an employment size band of 1-4 employees. 76.2% of firms fell into this category compared with 75.6% for NI. • In 2013, there were 240 new businesses ‘born’ in Derry and 115 in Strabane. Both LGDs had a business birth rate of 9.5% compared with an NI birth rate of 8.7%. • In 2013, 225 businesses ‘died’ in Derry and 110 in Strabane. The death rate in Derry was 8.9% and the rate for Strabane was 9.1%. The NI rate stood at 9.2%. 87
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Earnings • Earnings within the DCSDC area tend to be lower than those for Northern Ireland. For those jobs located in DCSDC the annual gross median wage stood at £18,112 in 2014. For those people living in DCSDC the annual gross median wage stood at £16,580. The gross annual median wage for the whole on NI stood at £18,764 in 2014.
Table 14: Gross annual median earnings for DCSDC, 2014 (£) Work postcode
Residential postcode
NI
All
18112
16580
18764
Male
18347
17329
22327
Female
16879
14925
14871
Full-time
23079
21771
24020
Part-time
9808
8882
8624
Male Full-time
21334
20408
24824
Male Part-time
8937
x
8956
Female Full-time
x
23041
22829
Female Part-time
9953
8881
8515
Description
Source: NISRA, ASHE 2014
Graph 17: Gross Annual Median Earnings based on work postcode for Derry City and Strabane District Council and NI (£)
Source: NISRA, ASHE 2014 88
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Table 15: Median gross annual earnings for full-time employees in the public and private sectors for DCSDC, 2014 (£) Work postcode
Residential postcode
NI
18,112
16,580
18,764
Public Sector
28,988
26,057
23,105
Private Sector
16,605
15,409
16,375
18,347
17,329
22,327
Public Sector
*
*
27,415
Private Sector
18,000
16,605
20,759
16,879
14,925
14,871
Public Sector
26,481
26,713
21,253
Private Sector
14,343
13,982
11,735
Description All
Male
Female
Source: NISRA, ASHE 2014
• The importance of the public sector to DCSDC can be seen from the Table 15. For those living in DCSDC the annual gross median wage in 2014 was £16,580. For those working in DCSDC the annual gross median wage in 2014 was £18,112. • For those living in DCSDC and employed in the public sector the wage stood at £26,057 whilst those employed in the private sector had a median earnings of £15,409. • For those working in DCSDC and employed in the public sector the wage stood at £28,988 whilst those employed in the private sector had a median earnings of £16,605
Unemployment • In April 2015, the unadjusted Claimant Count for Derry-Strabane stood at 6,770. This represents 7.1% of the 16-64 population in the area (the rate for NI was 3.8%). • There was a decrease of 2.7% (185) over the month and there was a decrease of 13% (1009) over the year. • The unadjusted Claimant Count for NI decreased by 3.7% between March and April 2014 and decreased by 21.2% over the year. • Derry-Strabane council area had the highest proportion of its populations on the claimant count. • Of those on the claimant count in DCSDC in April 2015, 32% of those had usual occupations at a Skill level 1 grade. This skill level equates to the competence acquired through compulsory education. Job-related competence involves knowledge of relevant health and safety regulations and may be acquired through workers, hotel porters, cleaners and catering assistants. 89
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• Of those on the claimant count in DCSDC in April 2015, 48% of those had usual occupations at a Skill level 2 grade. This skill level covers occupations that require the same competence acquired through compulsory education, but involve a longer period of work-related training and experience. Occupations at this level include machine operation, driving, caring occupations, retailing, and clerical and secretarial occupations. • Of those on the claimant count in DCSDC in April 2015, 17% of those had usual occupations at a Skill level 3 grade. This skill level equates to competence acquired through post-compulsory education but not to degree level. Occupations found at this level include a variety of technical and trades occupations, and proprietors of small business. For the latter, significant work experience may be typical. Examples of occupations at this level include catering managers, building inspectors, nurses, police officers (sergeant and below), electricians and plumbers. • Of those on the claimant count in DCSDC in April 2015, 2% of those had usual occupations at a Skill level 4 grade. This skill level is normally acquired through a degree or an equivalent period of work experience. Occupations at this level are generally termed professional or managerial positions, and are found in corporate enterprises or governments. Examples include senior government officials, financial managers, scientists, engineers, medical doctors, teachers and accountants.
Graph 18: Claimant count by skill level for Derry City and Strabane District Council. April 2015 (usual occupation as at April 2014)
Source: NISRA, Claimant Count
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Graph 19: Claimant count for Derry City Council, Strabane District Council and NI, January 2005 to March 2015 (% 0f 16-64)
%
Source: NISRA, Claimant Count
Graph 20: % of those aged 18-24 who have been claiming for more than 1 year for DCC, SDC and NI, February 2010 to April 2015
Source: NISRA, Claimant Count
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Economic Inactivity • In Derry City and Strabane District Council there were a total of 32,694 people, aged 16-64, recorded as economically inactive in the 2011 Census of Population. Of these 13% are retired, 24% are students, 18% are looking after home or family, 33% are long-term sick or disabled whilst 11% have another reason for being economically inactive. • Equivalent figures for NI are as follows – In NI there were a total of 318,442 people economically inactive. Of these 17% are retired, 25% are students, 18% are looking after home or family, 28% are long-term sick or disabled whilst 11% have another reason for being economically inactive.
Graph 21: Population aged 16-64 - reasons for inactivity for Derry City and Strabane District Council and NI
Source: NISRA, Census of population
• The number of those Not in Employment, Education or Training (NEETS) within NI is estimated to be 39,000 (January - March 2015). There are no figures available below NI level but on a pro-rata basis this would equate to 3500 within the DCSDC area. [This is likely to be a conservative estimate based on the levels of employment deprivation recorded within the Multiple Deprivation Measures for NI.] • Research by the Joseph Rowntree Foundation suggests young people who enter NEET status following education may be more likely to become involved in criminal activity, long term unemployment and substance misuse. Importantly, educational disadvantage may be passed on to the next generation, negatively affecting educational prospects of children. 92
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2.2: Tourism Table 16: Estimated overnight Trips, Nights and Expenditure by Local Government District, 2013 Description
Overnight Trips
Nights
Expenditure
Number
% of overall NI
Number
% of overall NI
ÂŁ
% of overall NI
Antrim & Newtownabbey
234,263
6%
914,193
6%
43,239,419
6%
Armagh, Banbridge & Craigavon
201,334
5%
821,771
6%
21,998,743
3%
Belfast
1,123,803
27%
3,658,817
25%
227,188,331
31%
Causeway Coast & Glens
704,716
17%
2,347,447
16%
110,135,250
15%
Derry & Strabane
254,314
6%
936,198
6%
46,814,271
6%
Fermanagh & Omagh
364,682
9%
1,215,312
8%
86,328,516
12%
Lisburn & Castlereagh
123,727
3%
522,020
4%
24,605,662
3%
Mid East Antrim
251,338
6%
839,953
6%
40,450,745
6%
Mid Ulster
141,232
3%
526,673
4%
23,108,917
3%
Newry, Mourne & Down
453,109
11%
1,464,543
10%
49,848,340
7%
North Down & Ards
342,684
8%
1,239,891
9%
48,446,368
7%
4,195,200
100%
14,486,818
100%
722,164,563
100%
Derry
193,448
5%
696,483
5%
37,738,136
5%
Strabane
59,890
1%
227,456
2%
8,761,392
1%
Northern Ireland
Source: Tourism Branch, Economic and Labour Market Statistics
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Table 17: Estimated number of Nights spent on Overnight Trips in NI by Local Government District, 2011-2013 Description
2011
2012
2013
Number
% of overall NI
Number
% of overall NI
Number
% of overall NI
Antrim & Newtownabbey
730,059
5%
741,840
5%
914,193
6%
Armagh, Banbridge & Craigavon
769,031
5%
495,157
4%
821,771
6%
3,708,940
25%
3,966,828
29%
3,658,817
25%
Causeway Coast & Glens
2,681,215
18%
2,553,712
19%
2,347,447
16%
Derry & Strabane
767,880
5%
704,041
5%
936,198
6%
Fermanagh & Omagh
965,257
7%
845,443
6%
1,215,312
8%
Lisburn & Castlereagh
505,588
3%
582,745
4%
522,020
4%
Mid East Antrim
782,770
5%
655,395
5%
839,953
6%
Mid Ulster
516,777
4%
549,084
4%
526,673
4%
Newry, Mourne & Down
2,042,357
14%
1,424,090
10%
1,464,543
10%
North Down & Ards
1,220,124
8%
1,272,875
9%
1,239,891
9%
14,689,999
100%
13,791,212
100%
14,486,818
100%
Derry
634,346
4%
559,181
4%
696,483
5%
Strabane
130,883
11%
111,665
1%
227,456
12%
Belfast
Northern Ireland
Source: Tourism Branch, Economic and Labour Market Statistics
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Table 18: Estimated Spend (£) during Overnight Trips in NI by Local Government District, 2011-2013 Description
2011
2012
2013
£
% of overall NI
£
% of overall NI
£
% of overall NI
Antrim & Newtownabbey
33,088,401
5%
27,930,413
4%
43,239,419
6%
Armagh, Banbridge & Craigavon
28,245,150
4%
14,936,143
2%
21,998,743
3%
Belfast
214,929,979
34%
268,857,896
39%
227,188,331
31%
Causeway Coast & Glens
106,518,113
17%
123,684,196
18%
110,135,250
15%
Derry & Strabane
29,582,184
5%
26,718,843
4%
46,814,271
6%
Fermanagh & Omagh
56,038,331
9%
35,728,660
5%
86,328,516
12%
Lisburn & Castlereagh
20,399,650
3%
18,956,806
3%
24,605,662
3%
Mid East Antrim
35,200,746
5%
32,832,607
5%
40,450,745
6%
Mid Ulster
17,060,994
3%
23,188,576
3%
23,108,917
3%
Newry, Mourne & Down
61,624,346
10%
64,773,610
9%
49,848,340
7%
North Down & Ards
38,359,787
6%
50,960,382
7%
48,446,368
7%
Northern Ireland
641,047,681
100%
688,568,134
100%
722,164,563
100%
Derry
25,423,590
4%
20,370,897
3%
37,738,136
5%
4,154,571
1%
5,475,001
1%
8,761,392
1%
Strabane
Source: Tourism Branch, Economic and Labour Market Statistics
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Employment The public private split of employment is 34%/66% This is higher than elsewhere (outside of Belfast) but it is to be expected within an urban centre. It does however reflect to some degree the weak private sector. Business start ups as reflected in vat registrations average 6.7% in 2014v in line with population size. In 2011 the majority of employment opportunities are located within five wards of the DCC area, Strand, The Diamond, Enagh, Altnagelvin, Pennyburn and Springtown (66% of all jobs). In Strabane North, South, West and Castlederg East account for 70% of all (employee) jobs – these do not include agriculture. Oxford Economics Research in 2010 indicated that labour mobility was low within the city with a majority of residents employed within a distance of two wards from their home. This reflects to some degree the proximity of employment opportunities to large centres of population. Ballmagroarty/Galliagh to Springtown/Pennyburn and Lisnagelvin/Altnagelvin ward, Bogside/Brandywell/Creggan to city centre. Oxford also reported a strong positive correlation between employment distance and skills levels i.e. the higher the level of skills possessed the greater distance from home you were likely to be employed.
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2.3: Education
THEMATIC EXAMPLE
KEY INDICATORS:
1. Multiple Deprivation Measure 2010 – Education Domain 2. % No/Low qualifications (25-59) 3. School Leaver 3rd Level Participation Rate 4. Educational Attainment – GCSE – 5 GCSE A-C incl. Maths/ English also by FSME 5. Educational Attainment – 2+ A Level also FSME 6. 18-24 NEETS
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Map 4: Deprivation - Education, Skills and Training (EST) Domain Rank Education, Skills and Training Derry City and Strabane District Council - ESTD
Derry - ESTD
Strabane - ESTD
Please see over for full list of related SOAs.
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SOA
EST Rank
NIMDM Rank
EST Rank
NIMDM Rank
Shantallow West 2
39
25
Altnagelvin 1
96
88
East
41
12
Carn Hill 2
107
84
Shantallow West 1
54
29
Shantallow East
108
45
Crevagh 2
56
35
Ballycolman
119
61
Culmore 2
63
39
Shantallow West 3
136
151
Creggan Central 1
75
10
Creggan Central 2
144
49
Brandywell
85
44
Enagh 1
155
110
Culmore 3
87
147
New Buildings 1
170
241
Creggan South
93
37
SOA
890 SOAs in NI. 1 = most deprived, 890 least deprived Source: NISRA, Demography and Methodology Branch
Table 19: Pre-school enrolments in schools situated in the DCSDC area, 2007/08-2014/15 SOA
2007/08 2008/09 2009/10
2010/11
2011/12
2012/13
2013/14
2014/15
Nursery Classes
1064
1064
1086
1113
1117
1120
1173
1161
Nursery Schools
556
541
549
547
548
555
*
*
Pre-schools
422
415
374
410
402
442
384
419
23
27
35
31
36
33
15
21
2065
2047
2044
2101
2103
2150
*
*
Reception Total
Source: DE, School enrolment data *Data for Strabane unavailable for 2013/14 and 2014/15
Graph 22: Pre-school enrolments in schools situated in the DCSDC area, 2007/08-2014/15
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1. Multiple Deprivation Measure 2010 – Education and Skills Domain 17 out of 75 DCSDC SOAs lie within the 20% most deprived SOAs when ranked by the Education and Skills Domain.
2. % No/Low qualifications (25-59) 17 out of 75 SOAs within DCSDC lie within the worst 20% within the Education and Skills Domain.
Graph 23: Qualification levels of those people aged 25-59 for Derry City and Strabane District Council
Source: Census 2011
The stock of those within DCSDC area aged 16+ with no or low level qualifications (defined as NVQ Level 1 or below) in 2011 was 53,238. This represents 46.4% of usual residents aged 16+. The percentage has fallen since 2001 from 63.3% due in part to those leaving the workforce being more likely to have no/low qualifications than those entering the workforce.
3. School Leaver 3rd Level Participation Rate Of those who left school in 2012/13, 80.6% went on to participate in 3rd Level Education.
4. Educational Attainment – GCSE and A-level Of those who left school in 2012/13, 80.6% went on to participate in 3rd Level Education. DCSDC
Qualification
NI
Number
%
%
2+ A-levels A*-E
1227
55.5
55.7
5+ GCSEs A*-C
1688
76.4
78.6
5+ GCSEs A*-C inc. GCSE English & Maths
1296
58.7
63.5
Source: DE, Qualifications and Destinations of leavers, 2013/14 100
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“
Tony Gallagher QUB commented in Agenda 2014: The key indicator for GCSE performance is achieving five subjects between grades A* and C, including English and maths. Stark contrasts appear when that attainment is correlated against entitlement to free school meals. As expected, the 80-100 per cent pass rates are concentrated in high income areas. Another, looser cluster (25-50 per cent) is found in middle income areas although these also have some very low performing schools – including one with no pupils reaching that standard and 10 with single figure percentages. The inequalities reflect differing performances between Catholic maintained and state-controlled schools, and the recurring problem of low attainment among working class Protestant boys. Pupils from a Protestant background account for 76 per cent of pupils attending controlled grammars and 82 per cent of pupils attending controlled non-grammars. Pointing to the trend lines for non-grammar schools, Gallagher explains: “What these showed is that while the level of social disadvantage is very much higher for Catholic schools, there is a performance gap between the school types to the advantage of Catholic schools that widens as the level of social disadvantage increases.” Across all categories of grammar schools, more than 90 per cent of boys and girls achieve five GCSE passes. In the non-grammars, the highest performers are girls in Catholic maintained schools (48 per cent) and the lowest are boys in controlled schools (26 per cent).
“
Agenda NI, 2014
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Graph 24: Pupils achieving at least 5 GCSE’s grades A*-C (or equivalent) (including English and Mathematics) (%) by LGD, 2008-2012
%
Source: DENI Statistics and Research Team
5. Educational Attainment – 2+ A Level also FSME Educational attainment at 2+ A Levels is slightly above the NI average (55.1%) at 58.1% for the DCSDC area.
Graph 25: % who have achieved 2+ A-levels (or equivalent) (%) by LGD 2007-2012
%
Source: DENI Statistics and Research Team
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Graph 26: % Percentage achieving at least 5 GCSEs A*-C (inc. equivalents) inc. GCSE English and maths 2012/13 Free School Meals Entitlement for Derry City Council, Strabane District Council and NI
%
Source: DENI Statistics and Research Team
Graph 27: Percentage achieving at least 5 GCSEs A*-C (inc. equivalents) inc. GCSE English and maths 2012/13 Non Free School Meals Entitlement for Derry City Council, Strabane District Council and NI
%
Source: DENI Statistics and Research Team
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Graph 28: Percentage achieving at least 5 GCSEs A*-C (inc. equivalents) inc. GCSE English and maths 2012/13 by gender for Derry City Council, Strabane District Council and NI
Source: DENI Statistics and Research Team
6. 16-24 NEETS There are no specific figures within the DCSDC area for those Not in Employment, Education or Training (NEETS) but on a pro-rata basis with the rest of NI it is estimated that 3500 individuals fall into this category.
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2.4: Skills Success through Skills – Transforming Futures The Skills Strategy for Northern Ireland – DEL 2011 The need for higher-level skills There will be an increasing need for people with higher level skills (Levels 4-8 on the qualifications frameworks) within the workforce. This increasingly ‘skills hungry’ job market will have an impact right across the skills spectrum.
The need to up-skill As over 75% of the 2020 workforce have already completed their compulsory school education1, there must be a renewed focus on the up-skilling or re-skilling of these people. As a result, employers will need to be encouraged to see the wider skills agenda and encourage their staff to gain more knowledge through training. It is important that these qualifications are accredited. To permit the Department to prioritise this work, the need for basic numeracy and literacy interventions must be significantly decreased through the work being taken forward by the Department of Education.
The need to address subject imbalances Forecasts predict that degree subject requirements will become more skewed towards physical sciences, mathematical and computer sciences, engineering and technology, law and creative arts and design (‘imagineers’ rather than pure art) and less skewed towards subjects allied to medicine and education. Consideration should be given to the ways in which students can be encouraged to study these subjects. The ‘Report of the STEM Review’ examines ways in which Government and business can increase the number of people with STEM qualifications entering the workplace. The need to increase management and leadership skills. It is not enough, though, to have a workforce with the right skills – that workforce needs to be utilised effectively and this is where good management and leadership plays a vital role.
The need to attract skilled labour Where there are insufficient numbers of people with high level skills a certain amount of in-migration of suitably skilled people will be required.
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Table 21: Skills classification and terminology
NQF/QCF/FHEQ6
Examples
8
Doctorate; Vocational qualifications (VQs) Level 8
7
Masters, postgraduate certificate and diploma; VQs Level 7
6
Honours degree; VQs Level 6
5
Sub-degree including foundation degree; VQs Level 5
4
Terminology
Postgraduate
First degree and sub degree
Certificates of higher education; VQs Level 4 3
VQs Level 3, e.g. NVQ Level 3; A-Levels
Intermediate A
2
VQs Level 2, eg NVQ Level 2; GCSE grades A*-C; Essential Skills Level 2
Intermediate B
1
VQs Level 1, eg NVQ Level 1; GCSE grades D-G; Essential Skills Level 1
Entry
Entry Level qualifications in adult literacy, other qualifications
Low
Source: DEL: Skill Strategy, 2011
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Graph 29: Qualifications of people in employment – aspirational scenario 120 Forecast
100
Postgraduate (NQF7-8)
% Total Employment
80 First Degree and Sub Degree (NQF 46)
60
Intermediate A (NQF 3)
40
Intermediate B (NQF 2)
20
Low (NQF 1 and below)
0 1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
2020
Year Source: DEL, 2011
The evidence cited above relates to those people who stay in Northern Ireland. In addition, many leave – especially those potentially high-skilled young people, many of whom leave Northern Ireland to pursue higher education options and who subsequently do not return; and in addition, others who do undertake higher education in Northern Ireland here then leave following graduation. This is, in part, an element of a UK-wide picture that could be characterised as a drift to the jobrich areas of London and the South-East of England, as other regions show a similar haemorrhaging of people with high level qualifications. Nevertheless, addressing this drift remains a challenge for Northern Ireland: in 2007/2008, 13% of leavers gaining higher education qualifications through full-time study at Higher Education Institutions in Northern Ireland were employed outside the region11.
The future labour market Information obtained through evidence sources such as the Oxford Economics report and the Sector Skills Councils help to give us a better understanding of how the economy of the future may look. This, in turn, gives us an opportunity to use this information to forecast the level of skills our workforce may require and the areas in which these skills should be focused.
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In order to meet the aspirational economic scenario it is forecast that there will be: • an increased need for higher level skills; • an increased need for up-skilling of the existing workforce; • a need to reduce sectoral imbalances; • an increased need for management and leadership skills; and • a need to attract skilled labour.
The need for higher level skills As the figure 4.1 shows, under the aspirational scenario the proportion of those in employment with qualifications at Level 4 to Level 8 will need to rise to 52% in 2020 from 33% in 200812, pointing to an increasingly ‘graduate hungry’ economy. At the same time, projections show the size of 18-20 year old cohort (the main source of entry into higher education) is expected to decrease by 13.5% over the next ten years13. Conversely, the proportion of those in employment with low qualifications is forecast to fall to 10% by 2020 as fewer jobs in the future will require no qualifications. However, it is important to note that whilst driving increased economic growth will require a more highly skilled workforce, the labour market will still require significant numbers of workers across the skills spectrum. Progression across the whole skills spectrum from Level 2 upwards will be required. As those people with Level 3 qualifications increase their skills to gain Level 4 qualifications, and above, those people with Level 2 qualifications will need to increase their skills to ensure that the Level 3 requirement is also met, and so on. A major barrier to raising the skills profile of our workforce is the fact that in the region of 20% of those in employment still have no formal qualifications14. Although it is anticipated that the policies of the Department of Education will have a direct impact on the number of people leaving school with an A*-C grade in their Maths and English GCSEs, more needs to be done by the Department of Education if the Department for Employment and Learning is to be released from the necessity to provide current basic numeracy and literacy interventions for those people already past compulsory school age who lack basic numeracy, literacy and ICT skills.
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Theme 3: Environmental 3.1: Environment
THEMATIC EXAMPLE
KEY INDICATORS
1. Multiple Deprivation Measure 2010 – Living Environment Domain 2. NI Local Authority Collected Municipal Waste Management Report 3. Planning Development Management Bulletin 4. Housing Information 5. Housing Quality 6. Average Household Size Projections 7. Housing Stress 8. Method of Travel to work 9. Anti-Social Behaviour statistics 10. Road Traffic Collisions 2013/14 11. Fear of Crime 12. Urban Rural Report 2011/12 13. Volunteering omnibus report
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Map 5: Deprivation: Living Environment (LE) Domain Rank Living Environment
Derry City and Strabane District Council - LED
Derry - LED LE Rank
NIMDM Rank
The Diamond
13
26
Rosemount
18
104
Ebrington 2
21
86
Westland
45
46
Strand 2
59
441
Strand 1
61
28
Victoria
85
101
Beechwood
98
125
Creggan Central 1
122
10
Creggan South
128
37
Ebrington 1
153
493
SOA
Source: NISRA, Demography and Methodology Branch
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1. Multiple Deprivation Measure 2010 – Living Environment Domain 2. NI Local Authority Collected Municipal Waste Management Report In 2013 35.3% of local authority collected municipal waste in Derry City Council Area was recycled and composted compared to 28.9% in Strabane. The figure for NI was 40.6%. In 2013 34.6% of household waste in Derry City Council Area was recycled and composted compared to 30.4% in Strabane. The figure for NI was 41.3%.
3. NI Local Authority Collected Municipal Waste Management Report Between October and December 2014 there were 230 applications received for the new Derry City and Strabane District Council area. There were a total of 1.5 applications per thousand population. Of these 210 applications were decided and 194 were approved (92.4%)
Graph 30: LAC Municipal waste sent for recycling (including composting) as a % of total LAC municipal waste arisings, 2005/06 TO 2013/14 for Derry City Council area, Strabane District Council Area, NI and NWRWMG
Source: DOE, Northern Ireland Local Authority Collected Municipal Waste Management Statistics
4. Housing Information Of all domestic properties in the Derry City Council area 3% were converted apartments, 10% purpose built apartments, 23% were detached properties, 27% were semi-detached properties and 38% were terraced properties. Of all domestic properties in the Strabane District Council area 1% were converted apartments, 3% purpose built apartments, 48% were detached properties, 20% were semi-detached properties and 28% were terraced properties. 111
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Derry District Housing Plan & Local Housing Strategy 2014 / 2015, NIHE Housing market statistics Owner occupation is the most popular tenure in the DCCA but, at 57.9%, is lower than the Northern Ireland figure of 67.5% (Source Census 2011); The private rented sector houses 17.1% of households in the DCCA compared with 15% across Northern Ireland (Source Census 2011); The proportion of social housing in the DCCA (22.7%) is greater than the Northern Ireland figure of 14.9% (Source Census 2011); The University of Ulster’s Quarterly House Price Index records the average house price in the DCCA at £104,072 during 2013. This represents an decrease of 6.4% on the previous year, and is below the Northern Ireland average of £131,204; At March 2014, the Housing Executive owned 6,895 properties in the DCCA, having sold 8,152 dwellings since the introduction of the House Sales Scheme; At March 2014, there were 3,376 applicants registered on the waiting list for social housing in the DCCA; 2,250 (66.6%) were in housing stress; The housing market in the DCCA is slowly recovering with increased sales with the majority of activity within the lower and mid-priced housing market; The private rented sector is popular, with high demand throughout the DCCA, with greatest demand for city centre properties. The number of private housing benefit claims decreased between March 2013 and March 2014, though the full effects of changes to housing benefit entitlement remain to be seen; The gap between demand and supply within the DCCA’s social housing sector remains a major concern and the impact of welfare reform proposals on waiting lists is being carefully monitored. We continue to review the requirement and availability of one bed properties and identify opportunities to increase supply through new build. The housing tenure breakdown in the DCCA is recorded in Census 2011. In summary: Owner occupation continues to be the most popular tenure in the DCCA. At 57.9% it is lower than the Northern Ireland figure of 67.5%; 17.1% of households reside in the private rented sector (Northern Ireland 15%). The DCCA private rented sector’s proportion of the total housing market has grown from 8.4% since 2001; The proportion of social housing (22.7%) in the district is greater than the Northern Ireland figure of 14.9%. DSD’s Northern Ireland Housing Bulletin reports 97 private sector new build starts in the DCCA in the year to September 2013. This represents a decrease of 33.1% since last year. The Bulletin also reports that 13 new build properties were sold in the DCCA during the quarter ending June 2013.
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Local estate agents have indicated that in some cases rents have increased beyond the Local Housing Allowance, resulting in housing benefit not covering the full charge. Local estate agents have also reported an increasing cross-border influence on the private rented sector in the DCCA. Agents continue to report people returning to Derry from border towns such as Muff, Killea and Brigend. Agents indicated that the private rented sector is a satisfactory solution for the majority of tenants. However they also reported insufficient social housing as a growing issue particularly for tenants who face housing benefit shortfall when paying their rent. The Local Housing Allowance for a three bed dwelling is up to ÂŁ97.60 per week (as at April 2014). Private sector housing benefit claims decreased in the DCCA between March 2013 and March 2014. The number of applications for discretionary housing payment to meet this shortfall has increased dramatically in the last year. At March 2014, Housing Executive stock within the DCCA totalled 6,895. Of these, were 42 voids pending allocation. These were spread throughout the DCCA.
Table 22 Social Housing Need Assessment (HNA) 2013-2018 Settlement District / Town
5 Year Projected Social Housing Need
Westbank (Waterloo Place)
750
Westbank (Collon Terrace)
800
Waterside 1
70
Waterside 2
50 Settlement Villages
Claudy
10
Eglinton
20
Strathfoyle
10
Strathfoyle
5
Drumahoe
5
Currynierin
5
Small Settlements Nixons Corner
6
Total
1,731
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Household projections estimated by NISRA predict an increase in the total number of households in Northern Ireland by 10% over the next ten years (20142024). Single person households are expected to increase by 20% over this period, meaning that their share of total households may rise by 3 percentage points to 34%. Two-adult households without children are also projected to grow more than average rising by 0.8 percentage points to around 28%, over the next ten years. The average household size is anticipated to reduce from 2.45 persons in 2014 to 2.34 persons in 2024. This downward trend is expected to continue in the following decade with an average household size of 2.24 persons forecast for 2033. The Local Context- Economy and Society, OFMDFM, 2014
Graph 31: Household waste sent for recycling (including composting) as a percentage of household waste arisings by district council area
Source: DOE, Northern Ireland Local Authority Collected Municipal Waste Management Statistics
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Graph 32: Annual CO2 emission estimates for Derry City Council area and Strabane District Council Area (ktCO2)
Source: UK local authority and regional carbon dioxide emissions national statistics: 2005-2012, Department of Energy and Climate Change (Please note there are significant uncertainties in the estimates for Northern Ireland in particular and great care should be exercised in drawing conclusions at local council level for Northern Ireland)
Graph 33: Annual CO2 per capita emission estimates, Derry City Council area, Strabane District Council Area and NI (t)
Source: UK local authority and regional carbon dioxide emissions national statistics: 2005-2012, Department of Energy and Climate Change (Please note there are significant uncertainties in the estimates for Northern Ireland in particular and great care should be exercised in drawing conclusions at local council level for Northern Ireland)
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Table 23: Results of Automatic Monitoring for Particulate Matter (PM10)
Site
Brooke Park Springhill Park Strabane
Valid Data Capture for Valid Data period of capture monitoring 2012 % %
Valid Data capture 2012 % 2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
50
50
20.6
23.2
22.3
22.5
18.6
18.4
85.6
85.6
17
17
22
23
18
18
Sources: Derry City Council LAQM Progress Report 2013, Air Quality Progress Report for Strabane District Council, 2013
Within Derry, PM10 is measured at the Brooke Park site. Data capture for 2012 was low with only 50% being recorded in 2012. The data has been annualised (based on technical guidance), to provide an estimate of the annual mean for 2012. The results of PM10 monitoring indicate that the Air Quality Strategy (AQS) objectives are currently being met at the Brooke Park location. Within Strabane, PM10 is measured at Springhill Park. The results of PM10 monitoring indicate that the AQS objectives are currently being met at the Springhill Park location.
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Fuel Poverty Fuel poverty in Northern Ireland, OFMDFM, 2013 Fuel poverty is defined as follows: “..a fuel poor household is one that cannot afford to keep adequately warm at reasonable cost. The most widely accepted definition of a fuel poor household is one which needs to spend more than 10% of its income on all fuel use and to heat its home to an adequate standard of warmth. This is generally defined as 200C in the living room and 180C in the other occupied rooms – the temperatures recommended by the World Health Organisation.” (UK Fuel Poverty Strategy, 2001). Northern Ireland has the highest prevalence of fuel poverty in the UK (see table below), and one of the highest in the EU, with the current estimate indicating that 42% of households in Northern Ireland are experiencing fuel poverty (NIHE, 2013).This represents a decrease of 33.1% since last year. The Bulletin also reports that 13 new build properties were sold in the DCCA during the quarter ending June 2013. Number Country
Number (millions)
Percentage
Year of estimate
England
3.20
15%
2011
Scotland
0.58
25%
2011
Wales
0.37
29%
2011
Northern Ireland
0.29
42%
2011
Graph 34: Fuel Poverty Risk Index, (baseline indicator of need) mapped at COA level. Ineligible COAs, and LGD shown
Source: Tacking Fuel Poverty in NI, OFMDFM, 2013
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There are many reasons why Northern Ireland should have such a high predominance of fuel poverty, but the principal driver has been demonstrated to be the region’s reliance on oil for domestic heating (Liddell, Morris, Rae & McKenzie, 2011). More than three-quarters of households in Northern Ireland use oil as the most common method to heat the home (NIHE, 2013) due to the under-development of a natural gas network. The oil dependency culture of this region, and concomitant high fuel bills for heating, make the region particularly at risk of fuel poverty.
Fuel Poverty (administrative geographies) LGD
2011 Households
2011 in Fuel Poverty (%)
Antrim
19,709
38 - 42
Ards
30,964
38 - 42
Armagh
21,216
43 - 46
Ballymena
20,270
47 - 51
Ballymoney
11,424
52 - 56
Banbridge
17,975
38 - 42
Belfast
151,567
32 - 37
Carrickfergus
13,234
43 - 46
Castlereagh
27,254
38 - 42
Coleraine
23,332
52 - 56
Cookstown
10,543
52 - 56
Craigavon
35,297
38 - 42
Derry
40,468
47 - 51
Down
25,745
43 - 46
Dungannon
16,560
47 - 51
Fermanagh
18,840
52 - 56
Larne
10,859
52 - 56
Limavady
12,007
47 - 51
Lisburn
44,913
38 - 42
Magherafelt
12,282
47 - 51
Moyle
6,560
52 - 56
Newry and Mourne
34,406
43 - 46
Newtownabbey
33,371
38 - 42
North Down
32,679
38 - 42
Omagh
15,059
52 - 56
Strabane
14,708
52 - 56
NISRA, 2011 118
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Map 6: Deprivation - Living Environment Domain - Housing Access (HA) Sub-Domain Rank Living Environment – Housing Access Derry City and Strabane District Council - HA
Derry - HA LE Rank
NIMDM Rank
The Diamond
30
26
Ebrington 2
33
86
Shantallow West 2
68
25
Shantallow West 1
87
29
Strand 1
90
28
Crevagh 2
92
35
Rosemount
114
104
Culmore 2
120
39
Carn Hill 1
142
164
Creggan Central 1
145
10
Carn Hill 2
156
84
Victoria
162
101
Springtown 1
165
123
SOA
890 SOAs in NI. 1 = most deprived, 890 least deprived
Source: NISRA, Demography and Methodology Branch
119
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Map 7: Deprivation - Living Environment Domain - Outdoor Physical Environment (OPE) Sub Domain Rank Living Environment – Outdoor Physical Environment Derry City and Strabane District Council - OPED
Derry - OPED
LE Rank
NIMDM Rank
The Diamond
73
26
Westland
76
46
Ebrington 2
86
86
Rosemount
87
104
Strand 1
97
28
Creggan South
101
37
Carn Hill 2
106
84
Strand 2
126
441
Beechwood
131
125
Victoria
150
101
Brandywell
152
44
Creggan Central 2
166
49
Carn Hill 1
175
164
Shantallow West 2
177
25
SOA
Source: NISRA, Demography and Methodology Branch
890 SOAs in NI. 1 = most deprived, 890 least deprived 120
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Map 8: Deprivation - Crime and Disorder Domain - Crime (CR) SubDomain Rank Crime and Disorder - Crime Derry City and Strabane District Council - CR
Derry - CR
Strabane - CR
CR SubDomain Rank
NIMDM Rank
SOA
CR SubDomain Rank
NIMDM Rank
The Diamond
15
26
Shantallow West 2
94
25
Strand 1
16
28
Culmore 2
125
39
Ebrington 2
34
86
Crevagh 2
126
35
Shantallow West 1
56
29
North
143
187
Victoria
77
101
Rosemount
177
104
SOA
890 SOAs in NI. 1 = most deprived, 890 least deprived Source: NISRA, Demography and Methodology Branch 121
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Map 9: Deprivation - Crime and Disorder Domain - Disorder (DS) SubDomain Rank Crime and Disorder - Disorder Derry City and Strabane District Council - DS
Derry - DS
Strabane - DS
CR SubDomain Rank
NIMDM Rank
CR SubDomain Rank
NIMDM Rank
The Diamond
16
26
North
139
187
Strand 1
36
28
Crevagh 2
147
35
Ebrington 2
53
86
West 2
149
153
Culmore 2
101
39
Rosemount
164
104
Culmore 3
103
147
Altnagelvin 2
170
546
Shantallow West 2
108
25
Victoria
173
101
SOA
SOA
890 SOAs in NI. 1 = most deprived, 890 least deprived Source: NISRA, Demography and Methodology Branch 122
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Graph 35: Household composition projections 2014-24
Source: NISRA, Demography and Methodology Branch
1. Housing Quality The number of dwellings in the Derry City Council area is 43,062 and the percentage of non decent homes in this area is between 5% and 8%. The number of dwellings in the Strabane District Council area is 15,900 and the percentage of non-decent homes in this area is between 9% and 11% 2. Average Household Size Projections Average household size projection for Derry City Council Area in 2023 is 2.49. Average household size projection for Strabane District Council in 2023 is 2.57. NI Average household size projection for 2023 is 2.36. 3. Housing Stress Of the applicants to NI Housing Executive Waiting Lists for Derry City Council area 61.8% are applicants in housing stress (that is they have more than 30 points). Of the applicants to NI Housing Executive Waiting Lists for Strabane District Council are 41.6% are applicants in housing stress (that is they have more than 30 points). Equivalent figures for NI are as follows – of the applicants to NI Housing Executive Waiting Lists 52.2% are applicants in housing stress (that is they have more than 30 points)
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Map 10: Deprivation - Housing Quality (HQ) Sub-Domain Rank Housing Quality Derry City and Strabane District Council - HQ
Derry - HQ
Strabane - HQ
CR SubDomain Rank
NIMDM Rank
CR SubDomain Rank
NIMDM Rank
Strand 2
5
441
Claudy 2
88
401
Rosemount
16
104
Victoria
98
101
Westland
41
46
Plumbridge
99
261
The Diamond
49
26
Strand 1
148
28
Beechwood
57
125
Glenderg
156
126
Ebrington 1
76
493
Creggan Central 1
171
10
Ebrington 2
79
86
Pennyburn 1
175
411
SOA
SOA
890 SOAs in NI. 1 = most deprived, 890 least deprived Source: NISRA, Demography and Methodology Branch 124
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Graph 36: Applicants in housing stress: 30 pts plus (NIHE new, NIHE transfer, and HA transfer by District Council area for 2013
Source: DSD, Analytical Services Unit
8. Method of Travel to work Of those usual residents aged 16-74 in the Derry City and Strabane District Council area 10.7% work from their home. 0.3% go to work by train, 3.7% go to work by bus, minibus or coach, 0.2% by motorcycle, scooter, moped, 55.7% drive a car or van, 5.7% are a passenger in a car or van, 10.4% are members of a car pool/shared driving, 2.9% go to work by taxi, 0.5% go to work by bicycle, 9.1% go to work on foot and 0.7% use another method/form of transport to get to work.
Table 24: Method of travel to work for those aged 16-74 and in employment and currently working (%) Method of travel
DCSDC
NI
Driving a car or van
55.7
57.7
Work mainly at or from home
10.7
10.3
Car or van pool, shared driving
10.4
9.8
On foot
9.1
7.7
Passenger in a car or van
5.7
4.9
Bus, minibus or coach
3.7
4.8
Taxi
2.9
1.4
Other method
0.7
0.8
Bicycle
0.5
0.9
Train
0.3
1.3
Motorcycle, scooter or moped
0.2
0.4.7
Source: NISRA, Census of Population 2011 125
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Map 11: Deprivation - Income Deprivation Affecting Children (IDAC) Rank Income Deprivation Affecting Children
Derry City and Strabane District Council - IDAC
Derry - IDAC
Strabane - IDAC
Please see over for full list of related SOAs.
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SOA
IDAC Rank
NIMDM Rank
SOA
IDAC Rank
NIMDM Rank
Creggan Central 1
2
10
Shantallow West 3
87
151
Shantallow West 2
7
25
Crevagh 3
89
132
Crevagh 2
9
35
Culmore 3
92
147
Shantallow West 1
14
29
The Diamond
97
26
Shantallow East
18
45
Rosemount
99
104
East
21
12
Enagh 1
100
110
Culmore 2
27
39
Victoria
103
101
Creggan Central 2
28
49
Culmore 4
109
149
Creggan South
34
37
Castlederg
110
97
Brandywell
35
44
Strand 1
117
28
Altnagelvin 1
52
88
Foyle Springs 2
134
137
Westland
55
46
Caw
142
195
Carn Hill 2
59
84
Newtownstewart
150
134
Springtown 1
66
123
Shantallow West 4
156
365
Ballycolman
67
61
South 1
159
212
Clondermot 1
77
58
Beechwood
178
125
Ebrington 2
86
86
890 SOAs in NI. 1 = most deprived, 890 least deprived Source: NISRA, Demography and Methodology Branch
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9. Anti-Social Behaviour statistics In 2013 there were 5,329 anti-social behaviour incidents in the Derry City and Strabane District Council area. This is a decrease of 18% on the previous year (2012) in which there were 6,494 incidents. Equivalent figures for NI are as follows – In 2013 there were 60,706 anti-social behaviour incidents in NI. This is a decrease of 7% on the previous year (2012) in which there were 65,357 incidents.
10. Road Traffic Collisions 2013/14 In 2013 there were 452 road traffic collisions in the Derry City and Strabane District Council area and from these collisions there were 738 casualties (of which 4 were fatalities). Equivalent figures for NI are as follows – In 2013 there were 5,820 road traffic collisions in the Derry City and Strabane District Council area and from these collisions there were 9,187 casualties (of which 57 were fatalities).
11. Fear of Crime Information on fear of crime is taken from the NI Crime Survey. In 2012, in the WHSCT, 70.5% of respondents stated that the effect of ‘fear of crime’ on their quality of life was low whilst 26.4% of respondents stated that the effect of ‘fear of crime’ on their quality of life was medium and 3.2% stated that it was high. Equivalent figures for NI are as follows - In 2012, in NI, 70.4% of respondents stated that the effect of ‘fear of crime’ on their quality of life was low whilst 25.4% of respondents stated that the effect of ‘fear of crime’ on their quality of life was medium and 4.2% stated that it was high.
OFMDFM 2014 P 11 Graph 37: Proportion of Households in Fuel Poverty
Source: NISRA, Demography and Methodology Branch
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Rurality Map 12: Deprivation - Proximity to Services (PXS) Domain Rank Proximity to Services Derry City and Strabane District Council
Derry
Strabane
Please see over for full list of related SOAs. 129
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PXS Rank
NIMDM Rank
PXS Rank
NIMDM Rank
Plumbridge
4
261
Slievekirk
50
269
Glenderg
9
126
Claudy 2
76
401
Banagher
17
344
Victoria Bridge
98
234
Dunnamanagh
23
197
Finn
140
179
Dunnamanagh
34
170
Holly Mount 1
141
283
SOA
SOA
890 SOAs in NI. 1 = most deprived, 890 least deprived Source: NISRA, Demography and Methodology Branch
One third of Super Output Areas in NI are defined as rural by the Inter-Departmental Group15. Within the New Council area 18 of the 75 SOAs are classified as Rural. These are listed within Table 21 below. Thus a total of 43,919 persons in the DCSDC live in areas defined as rural out of the total population of 148,633 (2013). This equates to 30% of the population.
Table 25: Urban – Rural composition of Derry City and Strabane District Council area SOA
No. of People
% of Population
No. SOAs
% of SOAs
Rural
43,919
30%
18
24%
Urban
104,714
70%
57
76%
DCSDC
148,633
100%
75
100%
Report of the Inter-Departmental Urban-Rural Definition Group Statistical Classification and Delineation of Settlements, NISRA, 2005.
15
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Table 26: Urban – Rural composition of Derry City and Strabane District Council area SOA Name
2013 population
Artigarvan
2,848
Banagher
3,503
Castlederg
2,115
Clare
2,658
Claudy 1
1,573
Claudy 2
1,958
Donemana
2,170
Eglinton 1
1,813
Eglinton 2
2,617
Enagh 2
3,408
Finn
2,876
Glenderg
2,604
Holly Mount 1
2,309
Newtownstewart
2,254
Plumbridge
2,223
Sion Mills
2,268
Slievekirk
2,464
Victoria Bridge
2,258
As noted elsewhere within this report deprivation measures do not adequately identify areas of deprivation where they are not clustered, such as in rural areas. As was noted in Dec 2014 at the proceedings of the DARD Committee by NISRA. “We recommend that policymakers, users and resource allocation experts look first at the domains rather than at the multiple deprivation measure (MDM) to see whether there are any domains that meet their policy needs. The proximityto-services domain is the one that we say meets rural needs because it highlights the relative rankings of rural areas better than urban areas16.” (p2: DARD, 9 Dec 2014) It was further stated “It is NISRA’s opinion that if you want to use multiple deprivation measures, check out the output area level for rural areas, but it still recommends the proximity-to-services domain as the number-one go-to measure of deprivation in rural areas.” (p4: DARD, 9 Dec 2014) 16
Anti-Poverty and Social Inclusion: NISRA, DARD Committee, 9 Dec 2014.
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With this caveat in mind within the 2010 NISRA MDMs it is found seven of the most deprived Rural SOAs in NI are located within the old Strabane LGD. They include: SOAs amongst 20 most deprived in NI Castlederg Glenderg Newtonstewart Sion Mills Donemana Finn Clare
These are mapped to assist in identifying the areas and their relationship to one another. A future piece of research scheduled as a follow up to this report will review the Output Area data within the rural area of DCSDC area in line with suggestions contained within the DARD Committee report.
Graph 38: Non LFA farms and LFA farms for Derry City Council, Strabane District Council, Derry City and Strabane District Council and NI
Source: Farm Census, DARD
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Graph 39: Agricultural Labour for Derry City and Strabane District Council Area
Source: Farm Census, DARD
Graph 40: Number of VAT and/or PAYE Registered businesses operating in NI by New LGD and broad industry group
Source: Inter Departmental Business Register, DFP – Economic and Labour market Statistics Branch
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Rurality Multiple Deprivation Measure: Proximity to Services Domain In rural areas given that many services are located in urban centres then access to services can be difficult. The Proximity to Services Domain measures the travel time to a range of services. These include (amongst many other services) GP premises, Hospital Accident & Emergency, Jobs and Benefits Offices, Council Leisure Services and Supermarkets/Food Stores17. SOA
No. of People
% of Population
No. of SOAs
% of SOAs
Rural
43,919
30%
18
24%
Urban
104,714
70%
57
76%
DCSDC
148,633
100%
75
100%
It is found that seven of the 95 SOAs fall into the worst 10% in terms of Proximity to Services. All of these are rural. They include: SOAs amongst 20 most deprived in NI Banagher Claudy 2 Clare Donemana Glenderg Plumbridge Slievekirk
Taking into consideration the advice from NISRA reflected in the DARD Committee then these are the rural geographic areas in which need is most evident (using this domain as a proxy measure for overall need). In order to provide some more detail on the specific differences in urban/rural areas we turned to the Family Resources Survey Urban Rural Report18 April 2014 which provides a range of information pertaining to rural life. • Rural West had the highest proportion of income from self-employment in NI (15%). • Rural West had the highest proportion of households receiving any non-income related benefit (76%), whilst Urban East had a figure of 69%. • Rural West had the highest percentage of households owning their accommodation outright (48%). 17
It is recognised that does not equate to access e.g. lack of access to car, public transport etc.
18
NISRA, Family Resources Survey 2011-12, April 2014.
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• In the rural area one quarter of males were self-employed f/t p/t, whilst in the urban area the figure was 14%. • Rural West and Urban West had highest percentage of households containing one or more unemployed adults under pension age (9%). • Highest proportion of single parent households were found in Belfast Metropolitan area (8%) with the lowest in the Rural West. • Rural West has the highest percentage of individuals in relative poverty after housing costs (25%). Turning to overall trends within the rural area and a comparative analysis of urban/ rural the following infographic produced by DARD provides a useful overview.
Cultural Deprivation Index19 - Rural The four deprivation indices for sport, arts, libraries and museums all show to some extent an urban/rural split, with the most culturally deprived areas tending to be rural and the least deprived areas being urban. This split is also evident in the overall CDI, with no rural SOAs in the 40% culturally least deprived areas and 171 of the 178 SOAs in the most deprived 20% being rural. It may be useful to explore this issue further. The report shows that the more rural SOAs tend to be more deprived with regards to proximity to sports facilities, while the urban SOAs are less deprived. In fact, all 89 SOAs in the most deprived decile are classified as rural, while 85 of the 89 SOAs in the least deprived decile are urban. The CDI highlights the urban and rural differences in the proximity to culture, arts and leisure services. The 20% most deprived areas are generally rural SOAs (171 of the 178 SOAs are rural). In contrast, there are no rural SOAs in the 40% least deprived areas (Figure 2.5b). The most deprived SOA is Belleek and Boa in Fermanagh District Council, while the least deprived is Ebrington 2 in Derry City Council. 19
See previous section on Cultural Deprivation Index, DCAL, 2014 Add in Page No.
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Table 26: Ethnicity 2011 Census. LGD(2014) Ethnic group All usual residents
White
Chinese
Irish Traveller
Indian
Pakistani
Bangladeshi
Antrim & Newtownabbey
138567
135635
671
27
808
157
15
Armagh, Banbridge & Craigavon
199693
196777
528
136
388
196
25
Belfast
333871
322813
2378
277
2330
258
210
Causeway Coast & Glens
140877
139422
339
40
225
39
11
Derry and Strabane
147720
145546
301
116
670
48
12
Fermanagh & Omagh
113161
112092
142
115
202
48
6
Lisburn & Castlereagh
134841
131623
692
35
659
113
37
Mid & East Antrim
135338
133948
275
92
193
71
12
Mid Ulster
138590
136485
270
258
173
23
6
Newry, Mourne & Down
171533
169743
301
183
267
44
29
North Down & Ards
156672
154365
406
22
283
94
177
LGD2014
Ethnic group
Other Asian
Black Caribbean
Black African
Black other
Mixed
Other
Antrim & Newtownabbey
370
31
173
51
520
109
Armagh, Banbridge & Craigavon
463
32
195
108
605
240
2032
95
1074
165
1599
640
Causeway Coast & Glens
213
15
71
19
356
127
Derry and Strabane
222
53
86
41
462
163
Fermanagh & Omagh
191
10
23
10
212
110
Lisburn & Castlereagh
637
23
209
58
558
197
Mid & East Antrim
193
11
71
21
341
110
Mid Ulster
198
21
199
256
396
305
Newry, Mourne & Down
158
29
105
90
409
175
North Down & Ards
321
52
139
80
556
177
LGD2014
Belfast
Source: Census 2011
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Table 26: Ethnicity 2011 Census. LGD(2014) Ethnic group
LGD2014
All usual residents (%)
White
Chinese
(%)
(%)
Irish Traveller
Indian
Pakistani
(%)
(%)
Bangladeshi (%)
(%)
Antrim & Newtownabbey
138567
97.9
0.5
0.0
0.6
0.1
0.0
Armagh, Banbridge & Craigavon
199693
98.5
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.0
Belfast
333871
96.7
0.7
0.1
0.7
0.1
0.1
Causeway Coast & Glens
140877
99.0
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
Derry and Strabane
147720
98.5
0.2
0.1
0.5
0.0
0.0
Fermanagh & Omagh
113161
99.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.0
Lisburn & Castlereagh
134841
97.6
0.5
0.0
0.5
0.1
0.0
Mid & East Antrim
135338
99.0
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
Mid Ulster
138590
98.5
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
Newry, Mourne & Down
171533
99.0
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.0
North Down & Ards
156672
98.5
0.3
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.1
Ethnic group Other Asian
Black Caribbean
Black African
Black other
(%)
(%)
(%)
(%)
Antrim & Newtownabbey
0.3
0.0
0.1
Armagh, Banbridge & Craigavon
0.2
0.0
Belfast
0.6
Causeway Coast & Glens
Mixed (%)
Other (%)
0.0
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.3
0.1
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.3
0.1
Derry and Strabane
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.3
0.1
Fermanagh & Omagh
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.1
Lisburn & Castlereagh
0.5
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.4
0.2
Mid & East Antrim
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.3
0.1
Mid Ulster
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.2
Newry, Mourne & Down
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
North Down & Ards
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.1
LGD2014
Source: Census 2011
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Equality Some information is provided in the following sections on Ethnicity, Gender, Age (Older People, Child Poverty) and Disability. The following information relates to the Ethnic populations of NI. Given the small numbers, comparatively, within the DCSDC area this data provides a more robust analysis of characteristics.
Ethnicity: Detailed Characteristics for NI on Ethnicity, Country of Birth and Language – Census 2011 Key Points Ethnicity and Age Usual residents from the Asian, Black, Mixed or Other main ethnic groups had younger age profiles than those who were of White ethnicity. For instance, 93 per cent of people of Mixed ethnicity were aged under 45 years, compared with 87 per cent of those who were of Black origin, 82 per cent of people of Asian ethnicity, 76 per cent of those from Other ethnic groups and 61 per cent of people who were ethnically White. Conversely, 15 per cent of people who were of White ethnicity were aged 65 and over, compared with 5.4 per cent of those from Other ethnic groups, 3.0 per cent of those of Asian ethnicity, 1.3 per cent of people who were ethnically Black and 1.1 per cent of those of Mixed ethnicity. Ethnicity and Household Size Households in which the Household Reference Person (HRP) was of Asian or Black ethnicity were more likely to contain 4 or more people (39 per cent and 36 per cent respectively) than households in which the HRP was from the Other (30 per cent), Mixed (29 per cent) or White (25 per cent) ethnic groups. Ethnicity and Occupation Over a third (35 per cent) of usual residents aged 16-74 in employment who were of Asian ethnic origin worked in Professional occupations (including 22 per cent as Health professionals), more than double the proportion of people of White ethnicity (17 per cent). The equivalent rates for the other main ethnic groups working in Professional occupations were: Mixed (23 per cent); Other (21 per cent) and Black (19 per cent) respectively. People of White ethnicity were more likely than those from other main ethnic groups to be employed in Administrative and secretarial occupations (14 per cent), more than double the proportions of those from the Other or Asian ethnic groups (6.7 per cent and 5.0 per cent respectively). Ethnicity and Country of Birth A tenth (10 per cent) of usual residents who were of White ethnicity were born outside Northern Ireland, compared with 85 per cent of people from the Black main ethnic group, 79 per cent of those of Asian origin, 68 per cent of those of Other ethnicity and 39 per cent of those of Mixed ethnicity.
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Country of Birth and Age Over half (53 per cent) of usual residents born in Northern Ireland were aged 35 and over, compared with almost three-quarters (73 per cent) of those born in the Republic of Ireland, 70 per cent of those born in either Scotland or Wales and 63 per cent of those born in England. Of particular note was the low proportion of usual residents born in the EU accession countries who were aged 35 and over (27 per cent), including 25 per cent of those born in Poland and 27 per cent of those born in Lithuania. Country of Birth and Household Size Households in which the Household Reference Person (HRP) was born outside Northern Ireland had a larger average household size (2.64 persons) than households in which the HRP was born in Northern Ireland (2.53). The highest average household sizes related to those households in which the HRP had been born in Asian or EU accession countries, including: the Philippines (3.35); Lithuania (3.08); Poland (3.01); India (2.98); Latvia (2.95); China (2.85); and Slovakia (2.81). Country of Birth and Tenure Usual residents born outside Northern Ireland were more likely than those born in Northern Ireland to live in the Private rented sector (36 per cent versus 13 per cent) and less likely to live in Owner-occupied accommodation (54 per cent versus 74 per cent). Usual residents born outside Northern Ireland were also less likely than those born in Northern Ireland to live in properties owned by the NIHE (7.6 per cent versus 10 per cent) or Housing Associations (2.5 per cent versus 2.8 per cent), although the differences were less marked. On Census Day 2011, over three-quarters (76 per cent) of usual residents born in the EU accession countries were living in the Private rented sector, ranging from 72 per cent of those born in Latvia to 82 per cent of those born in Slovakia. Country of Birth and Economic Activity Some 57 per cent of usual residents aged 16-74 and born in Northern Ireland were in employment on Census Day 2011, making up the major part of the 66 per cent who were economically active. Probably influenced by their younger age profiles, those born in the EU accession countries, in countries which were members of the EU before 2004 or in Other countries had higher levels of both employment (77 per cent, 65 per cent and 64 per cent respectively) and economic activity (85 per cent, 76 per cent and 74 per cent respectively). Country of Birth and Occupation While people born in EU accession countries represented 3.0 per cent of usual residents aged 16-74 in employment, they comprised 8.3 per cent of Process, plant and machine operatives and 7.8 per cent of those employed in Elementary occupations. In addition, while 2.5 per cent of those in employment were born outside the EU, they constituted 4.3 per cent of people employed in Professional occupations. 140
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Country of Birth and Religion or Religion Brought Up In People who were born in one of the EU accession countries accounted for 6.2 per cent of the usually resident population aged 25-34. Three-quarters (76 per cent) of this cohort were or had been brought up as Catholics, 10 per cent as Protestants, 1.0 per cent in Other religions, while 13 per cent had no religion. Main Language and Proficiency in English While very high proportions of usual residents aged 3 and over whose main language was Tagalog / Filipino (99 per cent), Irish (Gaelic) (98 per cent) or Malayalam (92 per cent) could speak English well or very well, lower proportions of those who spoke mainly Chinese (61 per cent), Lithuanian (62 per cent), Slovak (64 per cent), Polish (66 per cent), Russian (66 per cent), Hungarian (68 per cent), Latvian (71 per cent) or Portuguese (73 per cent) could speak English well or very well. Two-fifths (41 per cent) of the 2,700 usual residents aged 3 and over who could not speak English at all spoke mainly Polish, 14 per cent spoke mainly Lithuanian, 6.4 per cent spoke mainly Chinese, 4.6 per cent spoke mainly Slovak and 4.5 per cent spoke mainly Portuguese. Main Language, Proficiency in English and Age Usual residents aged 3 and over whose main language was not English typically had much younger age profiles than those whose main language was English. For instance, over half (55 per cent) of those whose main language was not English were aged 25-44, double the proportion of those whose main language was English (28 per cent). Proficiency in Language and Occupation Among usual residents aged 16-74 in employment, based on Standard Occupational Classification (SOC 2010), some 28 per cent of those whose main language was not English but who could speak English very well worked in Professional occupations. High proportions of usual residents aged 16-74 in employment whose main language was not English and did not speak English very well worked in Skilled trades or Elementary occupations or as Process, plant and machine operatives. For instance, a third (33 per cent) of people who could not speak English well or at all worked in Elementary occupations, compared with 14 per cent of those who spoke English very well and 10 per cent of those whose main language was English. Irish and Ulster-Scots and Country of Birth Although 2.2 per cent of usual residents aged 3 and over were born in the Republic of Ireland, they accounted for 8.9 per cent of those with some ability in Irish. Similarly, while 0.9 per cent of usual residents aged 3 and over were born in Scotland, they comprised 2.0 per cent of those with some ability in Ulster-Scots.
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Disability Census 2011 contained a new question on disability. One third of those who completed the Cenus reported suffering from a long-term condition and of those 38% said they had a mobility or dexterity difficulty. Almost 33% had long term pain or discomfort and 30% had breathing difficulties. The majority of the results were in line with those found across NI. The accompanying table lists the disabilities reported and the numbers affected at DCSDC area level.
Type of long-term condition Derry and Strabane
Condition type
Northern Ireland
Number
%
%
Deafness or partial hearing loss
6886
14.1%
16.4%
Blindness or partial sight loss
2636
5.4%
5.4%
Communication difficulty
2620
5.4%
5.2%
A mobility or dexterity difficulty
18746
38.3%
36.4%
A learning, intellectual, social or behavioural difficulty
3675
7.5%
7.1%
An emotional, psychological or mental health condition
11126
22.8%
18.5%
Long-term pain or discomfort
16042
32.8%
32.1%
Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
14418
29.5%
27.7%
Frequent periods of confusion or memory loss
3189
6.5%
6.3%
A chronic illness
9590
19.6%
20.8%
Other condition
8233
16.8%
16.6%
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Gender Equality Strategy Statistics: 2014 Update Key Points Education & Training Working age qualifications • There has been a decline over time in the proportion of the working age population of both genders without any qualifications. In 1996, there was a higher proportion of females (31.3%) without qualifications than males (27.9%), and this position has gradually reversed to a lower proportion of females without qualifications (17.1%) than males (20.2%) in 2012 (Indicator 1.1). School leavers’ qualifications and subject choice • Despite steady improvements in the educational achievements of both male and female school leavers at GCSE and GCE A-Level between 1996/97 and 2012/13, females still outperformed males overall in every year (Indicators 1.6 and 1.7). • In 2012/13, 82.8% of female school leavers had gained at least five GCSEs at grade C or above or their equivalent, compared to 74.5% of male school leavers (Indicator 1.6). Also in that academic year, 63.3% of female school leavers had achieved two or more GCE A-levels or their equivalent, compared to only 47.3% of male school leavers (Indicator 1.7). • In 2012/13, a higher proportion of males than females were reported for the following: those school leavers not achieving five or more GCSEs at grades A*-C (Indicator 1.2); those leaving school not achieving five or more GCSEs at grades A*-G (Indicator 1.3); school leavers with no GCSEs (Indicator 1.4); and those leaving school with no formal qualifications (Indicator 1.5). While these trends are consistent with those in previous publications, in each case there is some evidence that the gender gap is decreasing over time. • In 2013, females comprised a higher proportion of those who sat CCEA exams at GCSE level in Art & Design, Religious Studies, French, Science: Biology, Mathematics and Science: Double Award. Males comprised a higher proportion of those examined in Science: Physics and History. More even gender splits were witnessed among those examined in English, Geography, and Science: Chemistry (Indicator 1.8a). • A higher proportion of females than males achieved at least a grade C at GCSE for each of the core subjects in CCEA exams in 2013, with the biggest gender gap reported for Religious Studies, where 88.1% of females compared to 65.0% of males achieved at least a grade C (Indicator 1.8b).
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• At GCE A-level, males comprised a higher proportion of those examined by CCEA in Physics, ICT, Economics, Mathematics and Government & Politics in 2013. Females comprised a higher proportion in Art & Design, French, Biology and Geography. For those who sat exams in Chemistry and History, there was an almost even split of males and females (Indicator 1.9a). • A higher proportion of females than males achieved at least a grade C at GCE A-Level for the majority of the core subjects in CCEA exams in 2013 – the only exceptions were Chemistry and Economics (where males performed better), and Government & Politics (where the proportions achieving at least a grade C were equal) (Indicator 1.9b). Higher and further education progression and subject choice • The proportion of school leavers progressing to higher education increased for both males and females between 1992/93 and 2012/13, from 23.7% to 36.9% and 28.2% to 48.7%, respectively. Throughout this period, female school leavers were consistently more likely than males to progress to higher education institutions (Indicator 1.10). • In 1992/93 female school leavers were more likely than their male counterparts to progress to further education institutions (40.5% v 32.4%). This pattern was reversed by 2012/13, when 35.7% of male and 33.2% of female school leavers progressed to further education (Indicator 1.11). • In 2012/13 the composition of full-time enrolments at higher education institutions in Northern Ireland was 45.1% male and 54.9% female (Indicator 1.12). • The higher education subject area with the highest proportion of female enrolments was subjects allied to Medicine – this accounted for approximately one in five female enrolments, compared to approximately only one in twenty males. Males were most likely to enrol in Business & Administrative Studies (18.3%), Engineering & Technology (14.4%), and Computer Science (12.4%) (Indicator 1.13). • In 2012/13 the composition of full-time new entrant enrolments at further education institutions was 56.7% male and 43.3% female (Indicator 1.14). • The highest proportion of females who enrolled full-time at further education institutions in 2012/13 were in the subject area Health, Public Services & Care (29.7%); this compares to only 2.5% of male new entrants. A similar pattern also emerged for Retail & Commercial Enterprise courses. The highest proportions of male new entrants enrolling in full-time courses were for Engineering & Manufacturing Technologies (22.2%), and Construction, Planning & the Built Environment (16.6%). In contrast, these subjects accounted for only 1.7% and 0.8% of female enrolments, respectively (Indicator 1.15).
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• Approximately three fifths of all Northern Ireland domiciled students gaining qualifications at UK higher education institutions were female (11,095) in 2012/13, with males comprising the remaining two fifths (7,655). Similar proportions were evident when undergraduate (8,475 females and 5,905 males) and postgraduate (2,625 for females and 1,750 for males) qualifications were disaggregated (Indicator 1.16). Teachers and academic staff • For all types of school, female teachers have continued to vastly outnumber male teachers over the years recorded in this report. The gender disparity has been least evident in Grammar and Secondary schools and greatest in nursery schools, with no male nursery staff between 2003/04 and 2012/13 (Indicator 1.17). • Between 2001/02 and 2012/13, there has consistently been a higher proportion of male full-time academic staff at Northern Ireland higher education institutions than females. The reverse has been true for part-time academic staff over this period, where females have consistently outnumbered males (Indicators 1.18 and 1.19)
Employment Employment levels • The proportion of working age females in employment has increased from 56.0% in 1996 to 63.2% in 2012 – the highest percentage recorded over this period. In comparison, the proportion of working age males in employment has increased by only 0.4 percentage points over this period, from 70.5% in 1996 to 70.9% in 2012. This latter proportion falls short of the peak of 74.9% in 2007, and also represents a decrease from 2011 (71.6%) (Indicator 2.1). • Between 1996 and 2012, the proportions of working age males and females aged 50 and over in employment have increased (from 58.9% to 65.3% and from 40.5% to 55.6%, respectively). Over this period, this rate has been consistently higher among males than females, although there has been something of a convergence in recent years - the percentage point difference between the rates has decreased from 18.4 in 1996 to 9.7 in 2012 (Indicator 2.4). Unemployment • The proportion of working age persons who are unemployed, having decreased between 1996 and 2008, has experienced an increase since then. Female rates have decreased from 4.1% in 1996 to 3.4% in 2012. This proportion was at its lowest in 2008, at 1.5%. Male rates have experienced larger fluctuations, having dropped from 9.9% in 1996 to 3.6% in 2007, before increasing again to 7.4% in 2012 (Indicator 2.2).
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People with a disability in employment • Between 1998 and 2012, the proportion of working age people with a disability who are in employment has increased for both males and females. Over this period, however, the proportion of working age males with a disability in employment has been consistently higher than the same figure for working age females with a disability (Indicator 2.3). Economic inactivity levels • Working age economic inactivity rates have been consistently higher among females than males between 1996 and 2012, although the gap has decreased from 20.2 percentage points to 11.7 percentage points over this period. This is a result of the female working age economic inactivity rate decreasing (from 39.9% in 1996 to 33.4% in 2012), and the male rate increasing (from 19.7% to 21.7%) (Indicator 2.5a). • Consistent with previous years, the most common reason for working age economic inactivity among females in 2013 was family/home responsibilities (75,000). For males, however, in contrast to previous years, the most common reason for working age economic inactivity in 2013 was being a student (47,000) as opposed to disability/illness (44,000) (Indicator 2.5b). • The proportion of economically inactive persons of working age who say that they would like paid work was 20.2% for females and 20.4% for males in 1996. Having fluctuated over the years, the respective rates were 13.9% for females and 18.1% for males in 2012 (Indicator 2.6) Workless and work rich households • In 2013, females (17.0%) were more likely than males (13.5%) to live in workless households and this was consistent with the pattern observed between 2002 and 2013 (Indicator 2.7). • On the other hand, a slightly higher proportion of males (42.6%) than females (41.6%) lived in work-rich households in 2013, although the opposite was true in 2012 (Indicator 2.8). Occupation • In 2012, the highest proportion of both male (18.2%) and female (21.1%) employees aged 16 and over worked in professional occupations (Indicator 2.9). The gender split of this occupation was 55.5% female and 44.5% male. Greater gender differences were apparent in other occupations: skilled trade occupations and process, plant and machinery operatives were predominantly male; while caring, leisure and other service occupations, and administrative and secretarial occupations were predominately female (Indicator 2.10).
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Industry • In 2013, the highest proportions of both females (93.6%) and males (69.3%) worked in service industries. Males were more likely than females to work in the manufacturing (17.8% v 4.5%) and construction (7.6% and 1.1%) industries (Indicator 2.11). The manufacturing and construction industries were dominated by males, while the service industry was majority female (Indicator 2.12). Employment status • In 2012, as with previous years, the proportion of female employees working parttime as opposed to full-time was higher than for male employees (39.2% v 10.4%) (Indicator 2.13). This is reflected in the composition of full-time employees (57.7% male, 42.3% female in 2012) and part-time employees (80.3% female, 19.7% male in 2012) (Indicator 2.14). • Consistent with previous years, in 2013 the median weekly number of basic hours worked was higher among males than females (37.5 hours v 32.4 hours) (Indicator 2.15). The median weekly overtime hours worked was also higher among males than females (5.0 hours v 3.2 hours) – and again this was consistent with previous years.
Pay and Earnings • Consistent with previous years, the mean full-time gross weekly earnings was higher for males (£567.60) than females (£497.20) in 2013 (Indicator 3.1). Using the median measure of full-time gross weekly earnings shows a reduced gap between males (at £477.40) and females (at £441.50), given that the median is unaffected by small numbers of very high earnings (Indicator 3.2). • Excluding overtime, median full-time gross hourly earnings of females (£11.45) was slightly higher than that of males (£11.37) in 2013 (Indicator 3.4). The mean full-time gross hourly earnings, again excluding overtime, was higher for males (£13.92) than females (£13.16), however (Indicator 3.5). • Similar patterns emerged for part-time work, where the median gross hourly earnings excluding overtime was higher for females (Indicator 3.7) and the mean gross hourly earnings excluding overtime was higher for males (Indicator 3.8).
Income and Poverty Poverty • Between 2004/05 and 2012/13, the number of single homeless single males increased by 17.5%, from 5,928 to 6,968. Over the same period the number of homeless single females increased by 19.2%, from 3,071 to 3,660 – although there was a slight decrease between 2011/12 and 2012/13 (from 3,769 to 3,660) (Indicator 4.2).
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• Similar proportions of working age males and females comprised those in low income poverty, both before and after housing costs, in 2011/12. In contrast, females comprised almost two-thirds (65%) of pensioners living in low income households, before housing costs (Indicator 4.3). • The risk of living in a low income household was similar for both males and females of working age, both before and after housing costs. Female pensioners were more likely than male pensioners to be in relative low income before housing costs but the risk was similar after housing costs (Indicator 4.4). Benefits and pensions • Whilst males comprised only a slightly higher proportion (51.5%) of those claiming a key benefit in 2013 (Indicator 4.5), receipt of particular individual benefits were more gendered. In 2013, females comprised approximately two-thirds (67.6%) of those claiming Income Support, but only 28.1% of those claiming Job Seeker’s Allowance (Indicators 4.6 and 4.7).
Childcare • The number of childcare places has increased by 39.4% between 1994 and 2013, from 33,508 to 46,694. This was driven by increases in day nursery and registered child minder places, counter balanced by a decline in playgroup places. • The number of pre-school places has more than doubled from 10,785 in 1995/96 to 23,507 in 2013/14. The number of places in reception provision, contrary to the rises seen in other pre-school places, declined from 2,459 in 1995/96 to only 343 places in 2013/14 (Indicator 5.2).
Informal Caring • Due to small sample sizes, some of the data for female informal adult carers and all of the data for male adult informal carers cannot be presented for 2011/12. In 2010/11, a sizeable proportion of females (37%) and males (27%) regularly provided informal care for less than ten hours each week. More than one in ten informal adult carers regularly provided informal care for 35 hours or more each week in 2010/11 (Indicator 6.1). • Due to the small sample size, data on the employment status of male adult informal carers were suppressed for the 2011/12 Family Resources Survey. Just over one fifth (21%) of female adult informal carers were full-time employees in 2011/12 – this compares to 28% in 2010/11. Almost one quarter (23%) of female adult informal carers were retired in 2011/12 – a three percentage point increase from the corresponding figure in 2010/11 (20%) (Indicator 6.2).
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Health Life expectancy and death rates • Between 1992-94 and 2010-12 females have consistently had a higher life expectancy at birth than males, although the gender gap in this life expectancy has decreased from 5.7 years to 4.4 years over this period. In 2010-12, life expectancy at birth was 82.1 for females and 77.7 for males (Indicator 7.1). • The standardised death rate for males decreased from 9.4 per 1,000 in 1992 to 7.9 per 1,000 in 2012, although it did increase slightly between 2011 and 2012 (from 7.8 per 1,000). Similarly, the rate for females decreased from 9.0 per 1,000 in 1992 to 8.2 per 1,000 in 2012, although again it increased between 2011 and 2012 (from 7.9 per 1,000) (Indicator 7.2). Sport or physical activity • Between 2006/07 and 2012/13, a consistently higher proportion of males than females reported participating in sport or some form of physical activity (excluding walking for recreation). In 2012/13, 61% of males and 46% of females had participated in sport or physical activity during the previous 12 months (Indicator 7.3) Reported health and risk behaviours • Between 1997/98 and 2012/13, a consistently higher proportion of males have reported their general health to be good, although the gap between the genders has decreased from six percentage points to two percentage points over this period. In 2012/13, 62% of males and 60% of females reported their general health as good (Indicator 7.4). •
Between 1997/98 and 2012/13, a consistently higher proportion of females have reported having a limiting long-standing illness than males. In 2012/13, 28% of females and 25% of males had a limiting long-standing (Indicator 7.5).
• The proportion of both males and females aged 16 and over reporting to be a current smoker has decreased between 1990/91 and 2012/13 (from 33% to 25% and from 31% to 23%, respectively) (Indicator 7.6). • Between 1990/91 and 2011/12, the proportion of males who consume above the sensible limit of alcohol has been consistently higher than the rate for females. Over this period, this proportion has increased for both males (17% to 28%) and females (5% to 13%).
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Incidence of cancer • The European age standardised rates (EASR) for all cancers for males in Northern Ireland was 567.7 per 100,000 of the population in 1993. This rose to 645.0 per 100,000 in 2012. The rate for females was 451.0 per 100,000 of the population in 1993. This also rose, to 518.7 in 2012 (Indicator 7.8). • Between 1993 and 2012 the EASR for lung cancer has been consistently higher among males than females, although there has been something of a convergence in recent years. In 1993 the rate for males was 77.9 per 100,000 and the rate for females was 34.5 per 100,000. By 2012 the rate for males had decreased to 60.7 per 100,000, while the rate for females had increased to 42.5 per 100,000 (Indicator 7.9). Deaths from suicide • Between 1995 and 2012, the number of male deaths from suicide or self-inflicted injury was consistently higher than that for females; of the 278 deaths in 2012, 77% were male and 23% were female. Male deaths from suicide or self-inflicted injury more than doubled over this period, from 105 deaths to 215 deaths. The number of female deaths also increased, from 41 deaths in 1995 to 63 deaths in 2012 (Indicator 7.10).
Transport Driving • In 2010-12, the majority of journeys taken by males (72%) and females (76%) aged 16 and over used a car as the main mode of transport. Broadly similar proportions were reported in 1999-01 (72% for males and 73% for females) (Indicator 8.2). • Broadly similar patterns emerged when comparing the journeys by purpose, disaggregated by gender, for 1999-01 and 2010-12. In 2010-12, males were more likely than females to make a journey to commute (22% v 16%), for business (6% v 2%), or for entertainment, public social activities or sport (6% v 4%). In 2010-12, females were more likely than males to make a journey to escort or accompany another person (16% v 11%), for shopping (23% v 20%), for personal business (14% v 13%), or to visit friends (15% v 14%) (Indicator 8.3).
Violence and Crime Domestic violence • The number of adult females, adult males, and children under 18 recorded as victims of domestic abuse crimes has increased year-on-year between 2010/11 and 2013/14. Between 2004/05 and 2013/14 there has been consistently more adult females recorded as victims of domestic abuse than adult males; for 2013/14 the figures were 7,265 and 2,823, respectively (Indicator 9.1). females were more likely than males to make a journey to escort or accompany another person (16% v 11%), for shopping (23% v 20%), for personal business (14% v 13%), or to visit friends (15% v 14%) (Indicator 8.3). 150
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Fear of crime • In 2012/13, as in previous years, females were more likely than males to report that the fear of crime had either a moderate (28% v 22%) or great (5% v 3%) effect on their quality of life. Conversely, a higher proportion of males than females reported that a fear of crime had a minimal effect on their quality of life (75% v 66%) and again this was consistent with previous years (Indicator 9.2). Victimisation rates of violent crime • Between 1997 and 2012/13, the proportion of adult victims of violent crime decreased for both genders, and was consistently lower for females than males. In 1997, 6.6% of adult males were victims of crime, compared to 2.4% of females; by 2012/13 these proportions had reduced to 2.1% and 1.7%, respectively (Indicator 9.3). Prison population • Between 2000 and 2012, the average Northern Ireland prison population of both males (1,045 to 1,719) and females (23 to 56) has increased. Throughout this period, the vast majority of the average prison population has been male; in 2012, 96.8% of the average population was male, with the remaining 3.2% female (Indicator 9.4).
Decision Making Roles • Between 2000 and 2013, males have consistently outnumbered females at the highest grades (Grade 5 and above) within the Northern Ireland Civil Service (NICS). The proportion of females at these grades has increased, however, from 11.3% in 2000 to 31.7% in 2013 (Indicator 10.1). • Consistent with previous years, in 2013, the proportion of females decreased as the grade level increased; 60.4% of staff at the Administrative Assistant/ Administrative Officer grade were female, while this proportion decreased to 54.7% for the Executive Officer grades. For the Staff Officer/Deputy Principal grades, 44.9% were female, and this decreased further to 41.2% for Grade 7 and Grade 6 (combined) (Indicator 10.1). • In 2013, one fifth (19.4%) of Northern Ireland Health and Social Care (HSC) staff were male and the remaining four fifths (80.6%) were female (Indicator 10.2). • The data collected shows that women continue to be underrepresented in relation to elected political office, appointments to public bodies and in the Judiciary. The composition of Lay Magistrates, by contrast, indicates that 57% were female at May 2014.
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An Investigation of Gender Equality Issues at the Executive Level in Northern Ireland Public Sector Organisations Overall, there is a significant degree of inequality in the structure of the gender division of labour at executive level (including executive director and non-executive positions) in the Northern Ireland public sector (70.8% male and 29.2% female). A significant degree of variation exists in the overall gender composition of executives among the five organisational types of the Northern Ireland public sector. The gender composition of both executive director and non-executive positions is closest to parity within organisations in the Health and Social Care sector and this contrasts sharply with the remaining four public sector types. Notable differences exist in the gender composition of executives when organisations are analysed by sponsoring government department. • DARD, DRD and DFP have gender compositions which comprise in excess of 80% males; • DCAL, DETI, DOE and DOJ have gender compositions which comprise between 70 and 80% males; • DE, DEL and the NIO have gender compositions which comprise between 60 and 70% males; and DHSSPS, OFMDFM and DSD have gender compositions which comprise between 50 and 60% males. Occupational segregation (both vertical and horizontal) exists within the Northern Ireland public sector • Males hold the majority (79%) of Chief Executive roles, indicating the existence of vertical segregation32 within the Northern Ireland public sector; • Horizontal segregation33 is particularly evident in the following roles: operations (70.4% male); corporate services (65.5% male); strategy, policy and development (64% male); and finance roles (63.9% males). • There is a positive relationship between the size of an organisation’s senior management board and the number of females at executive level. • There is no significant variation in the composition of the gender of Chief Executives across the five public sector organisational types • The gender of the Chief Executive position has a significant and positive effect on the total number of female executives (i.e. the total of executive directors and non-executive directors) and female executive directors employed in the Northern Ireland public sector
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• The gender of the Chief Executive position has a significant and positive effect on the total number of female executives (i.e. the total of executive directors and non-executive directors) and female executive directors employed in the Northern Ireland public sector • There is no significant variation in the composition of the gender of the Chairperson across the five public sector organisational types • The gender of the Chair has a significant and positive impact on the number of female executives within an organisation
Gender Regimes in the Northern Ireland Public Sector In the earlier discussion, the theory of gender regimes was introduced as a way of understanding gender equality in the public sector. Drawing on this theory, the findings presented in this chapter provide some insights into the first and second of Connell’s four dimensions of gender relations, namely the division of labour and the division of power within the Northern Ireland public sector. With respect to a division of labour, there is evidence to suggest a gendered division of labour exists: • between men and women holding different occupational roles (specifically horizontal segregation) in the Northern Ireland public sector (see Table 4.5). • The findings of stage one of the research also provide evidence of gender relations of power within the Northern Ireland public sector: • between men (70.8%) and women (29.2%) in terms of the overall gender composition of the Northern Ireland public sector • between men and women within all sectors, with the exception of Health and Social Care, of the Northern Ireland public sector, • between men and women who hold executive positions (68.1% male and 31.9% female) and non-executive positions (72.0% male and 28.0% female) in the Northern Ireland public sector • between men and women holding Chief Executive positions within the Northern Ireland public sector, between men and women holding the non-executive Chair position within the Northern Ireland public sector
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Experience of Domestic Violence: Findings from the 2008/09 to 2010/11 Northern Ireland Crime Surveys, Department of Justice, July 2013
Definition and Key Findings Definition Within the context of the Northern Ireland Crime Survey (NICS), the concept of domestic violence (interchangeably referred to as domestic violence and / or abuse), which covers a range of emotional, financial, sexual and physical abuse, is subdivided into three main offence groups: NON-PHYSICAL ABUSE (denied access to a fair share of household money; stopped from seeing friends and relatives; having property deliberately damaged; or constantly belittled to the point of feeling worthless); THREATS (frightened by threats to hurt the individual or someone close); and FORCE (pushed, held, pinned or slapped; kicked, bitten or hit; choked or strangled; threatened with a weapon; death threats; forced to have sex or take part in sexual activity; use of a weapon; or use of other force).
Key findings Findings from NICS 2010/11 estimate that 15.7% of people aged 16-64 have experienced at least one form of domestic violence, by a partner, since age 16, with women (19.3%) displaying a higher prevalence rate than men (11.5%). NICS 2010/11 results also estimate that around one-in-twenty adults (5.2%) experienced at least one form of partner violence and abuse within the last three years, a similar proportion to that observed in both NICS 2008/09 (6.4%) and 2009/10 (6.3%). At 6.9% in NICS 2010/11, women were over twice as likely as men (3.2%) to have been victims of domestic violence, by a partner, in the last three years, a gender difference that is reflected across each of the three separate offence groups examined: nonphysical abuse (5.6% v 2.7%); threats (1.9% v 0.2%); and force (3.5% v 0.8%). When identified victims were asked to consider their ‘worst’ single incident of partner violence and abuse, NICS 2010/11 findings show that around four-fifths (83%) were carried out within the setting of a current relationship at the time, with the perpetrator most likely to have been a current boyfriend / male partner (35.9%) or husband (31.8%). The police in Northern Ireland were only made aware of around one-third of all ‘worst’ cases of domestic partner abuse (31.1% in NICS 2010/11), meaning that they were unaware of the experiences of seven-in-ten victims (68.9%).
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cases of domestic partner abuse (31.1% in NICS 2010/11), meaning that they were unaware of the experiences of seven-in-ten victims (68.9%). While most victims did consider their worst incident of partner abuse to be a criminal offence (56.2% in NICS 2010/11), over two-fifths did not, with around a quarter (28.8%) believing it was ‘wrong, but not a crime’ and a further one-in-seven accepting it as ‘just something that happens’ (12.6%). Findings from NICS 2010/11 also estimate that 6.2% of people aged 16-64 have experienced at least one form of domestic violence and abuse, by a family member (other than a partner), since age 16, with women (7.7%) displaying a higher prevalence rate than men (4.5%). NICS 2010/11 results also indicate that 2.6% of adults were victims of domestic violence and abuse by a family member within the last three years, with no significant difference in the estimated rates for women (3.2%) and men (1.9%). NICS 2010/11 results show that parents (56.6%) were most likely, with stepparents (3.4%) and children (4.9%) least likely, to be identified by victims as the perpetrator(s) of their ‘worst’ incident of family abuse. When partner and family abuse are combined, NICS 2010/11 results estimate that, overall, around one-in-five adults (19.0%) had experienced some form of domestic violence and abuse since the age of 16, a proportion that drops to 7.0% within the last 3 years. For women, the risk of partner abuse (26.6%), and any domestic abuse (partner or family; 30.8%), was at its highest among single adults with children who displayed prevalence rates significantly above the respective NICS 2010/11 averages of 6.9% and 9.2%. Findings indicate that around two-fifths of respondents (38.2% in NICS 2010/11) believed that the government and other agencies are doing ‘too little’ about domestic violence, a rate almost twice that of those who think ‘enough’ is being done (21.1%).
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Map 13: Deprivation - Income Deprivation Affecting Older People (IDOP) Rank Income Deprivation Affecting Older People
Derry City and Strabane District Council
Derry
Strabane
Please see overleaf for full list of related SOAs. 156
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SOA
IDOP Rank
NIMDM Rank
IDOP Rank
NIMDM Rank
Creggan Central 1
3
10
Carn Hill 1
92
164
East
6
12
The Diamond
95
26
Shantallow West 2
8
25
Glenderg
108
126
Creggan South
20
37
Crevagh 2
111
35
Ballycolman
22
61
Dunnamanagh
114
170
Culmore 4
23
149
Castlederg
125
97
Westland
24
46
Foyle Springs 2
128
137
Brandywell
29
44
West 1
132
254
Shantallow West 1
32
29
Shantallow West 3
134
151
Culmore 2
37
39
Claudy 1
145
364
Creggan Central 2
52
49
Enagh 1
148
110
Carn Hill 2
54
84
Clare
153
197
Culmore 3
55
147
Altnagelvin 1
159
88
Beechwood
60
125
Newtownstewart
163
134
Strand 1
61
28
Ebrington 2
164
86
Shantallow East
65
45
Rosemount
167
104
Crevagh 3
71
132
Springtown 1
171
123
Clondermot 1
87
58
Victoria
176
101
West 2
89
153
Sion Mills
178
141
SOA
890 SOAs in NI. 1 = most deprived, 890 least deprived Source: NISRA, Demography and Methodology Branch
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Older People Pension Income Series Bulletin Northern Ireland 2012/13 Published: 21st January 2015
Summary of main results Income trends Pensioner units (all pensioner couples and single pensioners) in Northern Ireland received on average £435 per week in gross income in 2012/13. This was an increase of 10 per cent from 2011/12. Approximately half of this total (£215) was sourced from state benefits. Overall pensioner income has risen 10 per cent since 2003/04. Pensioner couples median net income After Housing Costs has increased since 2003/04 while that of single pensioners has decreased. In 2012/13 median net weekly income After Housing Costs for pensioner couples in Northern Ireland was £391. In real terms this represents an 11 per cent increase from 2003/04 levels. For single pensioners the median net weekly income After Housing Costs for pensioner couples in Northern Ireland was £180. This represents an 8 per cent decrease in real terms from the 2003/04 levels. Pensioner units where the head is 75 years old or over had a median net income of £208 After Housing Costs in 2012/13. This is £101 (almost a third) lower than that received by pensioner units where the head is under 75 years old (£309). A three year average of weekly gross income for pensioner couples shows that in 2010/13 Northern Ireland was the second lowest ranking region for gross income (£583) in the United Kingdom; this compared to Wales (£564), Scotland (£646), England (£660) and the United Kingdom average (£651). Single pensioners had the lowest gross weekly income (£272) of all regions in the United Kingdom; this compares to Wales (£287), Scotland (£291), England (£317) and the United Kingdom average (£312). In 2010/13, pensioner couples in Northern Ireland had the highest weekly benefit income (£242) of all regions in the United Kingdom, £13 per week higher than the United Kingdom average (£229). Single pensioners in Northern Ireland had the second highest benefit income (£188) of all regions in the United Kingdom, £3 higher than the United Kingdom average (£185). Single pensioners in Wales had the highest benefit income (£192).
Income sources Ninety-eight per cent of all pensioner units for the three year period 2010/13 were in receipt of state pension, 3 percentage points higher than in 2003/06.
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In 2010/13, 31 per cent of pensioner units were in receipt of disability benefits and 14 per cent were in receipt of earnings from employment. Almost a third (31 per cent) of all pensioner units during the period 2010/13 derived more than half of their gross income from private sources. This is 5 percentage points higher than in 2003/06.
Distribution of pensioners’ incomes The highest growth rate for median net incomes After Housing Costs between 2003/06 and 2010/13 was observed for pensioner couples in the top fifth of the income distribution. These pensioner couples had incomes four times greater than those couples in the bottom fifth. Older pensioners were more likely to be in the bottom of the income distribution. Forty seven per cent of pensioner couples where the head is aged 75 or over are in the bottom two fifths, compared to 38 per cent of pensioners where the head is aged under 75 when housing costs were taken into account. In 2010/13 single male pensioners were more likely to be in the top fifth of the income distribution than single female pensioners (27 per cent and 18 per cent After Housing Costs respectively).
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Children Child and working-age poverty in Northern Ireland over the next decade: an update,
IFS Briefing Note BN154, Sept 2014. OFMDFM The UK government has ambitious, legally-binding targets to reduce child poverty by 2020–21. To hit these targets, it must reduce the proportion of children living in households with less than 60% of median income to below 10% (a measure of relative low income) and the proportion of children living in households with less than 60% of 2010–11 median income to below 5% (a measure of absolute low income). We now expect child poverty in Northern Ireland to increase from 20.5% in 2012–13 to by 21.8% by 2015–16 and 26.0% by 2020–21 using the headline relative low-income measure and from 22.0% to 25.3% by 2015–16 and 29.3% by 2020–21 using the headline absolute low-income measure. • Over the period as a whole, increases in child poverty in the UK overall are projected to be somewhat smaller than those in Northern Ireland, and the timing of the increases is different. Up to 2015–16, child poverty increases quickly in the UK as a whole, from 17.4% to 21.0% (an increase of 500,000 children) using the relative low-income measure and from 19.5% to 23.4% (an increase of 600,000 children) using the absolute low-income measure. Thereafter, the relative child poverty rate remains fairly constant. The absolute low-income measure increases by 1.1ppts between 2015–16 and 2020–21. • This difference in the timing of poverty changes between Northern Ireland and Great Britain likely arises because of the delays to the implementation of certain poverty-increasing changes to benefits in Northern Ireland, resulting from the lack of political consensus over the Welfare Reform Bill (2010). We now project that working-age non-parent poverty in Northern Ireland will increase by 7.6ppts between 2012–13 and 2020–21 according to the relative lowincome measure and by 7.8ppts according to the absolute low-income measure. Again, the equivalent figures for the UK are significantly smaller: over the same period, we project an increase of 1.7ppts or 700,000 individuals according to the relative low-income measure and an increase of 2.4ppts or 900,000 individuals according to the absolute low-income measure. This difference is likely due to employment growth being forecast to be weaker in Northern Ireland than in other parts of the UK, most notably London and the East and South-East of England.
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Table 28: IFS Briefing Note BN154, Sept 2014. OFMDFM Relative poverty % of children
% of working-age non-parents
UK
NI
UK
NI
2012–13 (actual)
17.4
20.5
14.1
18.3
2013–14
19.7
21.8
15.3
19.6
2014–15
20.3
21.6
15.3
19.9
2015–16
21.0
21.8
15.5
21.1
2016–17
20.7
22.5
15.2
21.3
2017–18
20.4
22.5
15.1
22.5
2020–21
20.9
26.0
15.8
25.9
Absolute poverty % of children
% of working-age non-parents
UK
NI
UK
NI
2012–13 (actual)
19.5
22.0
14.9
20.1
2013–14
22.8
23.9
16.8
23.5
2014–15
23.2
24.8
16.7
23.3
2015–16
23.4
25.3
16.8
23.7
2016–17
23.1
26.3
16.7
23.4
2017–18
23.2
26.4
16.6
24.6
2020–21
24.5
29.3
17.3
27.9
Note: Relative poverty line is 60% of contemporaneous median before-housing-costs (BHC) income. Absolute poverty line is 60% of 2010–11 BHC median income in real terms. Source: Authors’ calculations based on Family Resources Survey, 2012–13, using the IFS tax and benefit microsimulation model, TAXBEN, and assumptions specified in the text.
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Health Sub-Regional Data, DHSSPS A comprehensive report on Health Inequalities was published in March 2015 by DHSSPS. The relevant section for DCSDC area is reproduced overleaf.
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