Porfolio 2010 - 15

JO U R N E Y

Fan Guo

Selected Works 2010 - 15

FAN GUO fanguo012@gmail.com tel. (703) 717-8902

ADDRESS

HO ME A D D R E S S

1423 W. 19th St, Chicago, IL 60608

4806 Heron Neck Lane Fairfax, VA 22033

PROFESSIONAL

EXPERIENCE

ABOUT ME Born in 1990 into a family where both parents were architects, I emigrated from China at the age of ten, and was focused on absorbing the American culture and its way of thinking while retaining a fundamental pursuit for knowledge. Having had a natural interest in art and architecture at an early age, I eventually developed them into my passions. Years of exploring and investigating new and existing paradigms of architecture has taught me to think and react critically to physical, social and economic contexts in and surrounding a design. Continuously absorbing knowledge from multiple fields into the practice of architecture, refined through practice, is a driving force of my pursuits academically and beyond.

EDUCATION Bachelor of Science in Architecture

09. 2008 - 05. 2012

Master of Science in Architecture and Urban De sign

06. 2012 - 05. 2014

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Columbia University

PROFICIENCY

HONORS

Aut oCA D

R e vit

Rhino

Ph o t o s hop

I l l ust ra t o r

I n D esig n

Sket c hup

ArcGIS

Af t er E ff ect s

04. 2011 05. 2011

Edward C. Earl Prize Third Place

Green Rescheme Competition

Honorable Mention

06 - 08. 2007 Nadel Architects Inc. Los Angeles, CA Intern

06 - 08. 2009 New World Architecture Shenyang, China Intern

06 - 08. 2009

URBANUS Beijing, China

06 - 08. 2009 Sou Fujimoto Architects Tokyo, Japan Intern

Worked under supervision of Jack Bouvrie, Design Director. Modeling and photo editing on Dalian Sports Center.

Worked in design and interactions with clients. Collaborated in schematic design and construction drawings of the PLA Shenyang Division Office Building.

Collaborated with various teams in design processes including construction documents, physical modeling, and schematic designs.

Projects:

Projects:

Projects:

Collaborated on various international projects with competiting deadlines. Participated in design phase, production phase and post-production phase, as well as research for upcoming projects

Projects:

Physical Modeling Graphics editing

Concept Development Digital Modeling Construction Documentation

Digital Modeling Graphics Editing

Concept Development Digital Modeling

Dalian Sports Center City Place Renovation Graphics editing

PLA Shenyang Division Office Building

Zijin Garden Residential Complex Concept Development Digital Modeling

Intern

Erdos 100+10

Tangshan Fossil Museum Graphics editing Rooftop Garden Design

LA Research Institute Beijing Cultural Center

Construction Documentation Graphics Editing

Beijing Cultural Center Concept Development Digital Modeling

PHOTOGRAPHY

SKETCHWORK

FOSTER

REMEMBRANCE

EMPOWERMENT

LEARNING

REVITALIZATOIN

DISTRIBUTION

PERFORMANCE

INTERACTION

TIME

SUBTEXT

4 67 1011 1617 2324 2729 3132 3536 4244 4748 5354 5657 59

INVESTIGATION University of Illinois 2010 - 2012

"Architecture nowadays is occupied territory. Occupied by money, tasteless investors, politicians with no idea and the not-too-intelligent building industry. So architects must decide: will I be a traitor or a spy?�

- Wolf Prix, founder, Coop Himmelb(l)au

03

ONE |

Anton Chekhov Residence

TIME:

SPRING 2010

INSTRUCTOR:

ALLISON WARREN

SITE:

SIBERIAN WATERFRONT

MEDIUM:

MODEL, HAND SKETCH

Drifting, the Russian playwright, Anton Chekhov’s mind seldom rested during his lifelong pursuit of writing and philosophy. As the namesake of one of Chekhov’s most famous plays, the seagull perhaps best represents Chekhov’s endless pursuit of ideological values which resulted from an ongoing resentment of the late-19th century Russian society. To think, and to create, the mind must first be at peace.

Therefore, in designing the Chekhov Residence, providing a peaceful and comforting retreat becomes the single most important goal.

One focus, one program, and one with nature. The design of the Anton Chekhov Residence is a process derived upon a multiple initial concepts with a singular goal.

The conceptual developments are focused on the life and achievements of the single individual, Anton Chekhov; the program of the design serves the purpose solely focusing on providing Chekhov with comfort, while the design of the Chekhov residence seeks to blend into one with nature.

04

05

... Thus ew in the seagull.

Derived from the gliding motion of the seagull, the form of the building focuses on an open interior environment. Situated on a hill overlooking a lake with a portion of the building cantilevered from it, the house emphasizes a serene reclusiveness from combination of design and setting, while the more dynamic east wing is used for gathering/recreation purposes. The cantilevering and sweeping form of the building merges with the landscape, like a seagull about to take o.

06

Re_Creation

Kickapoo State Park Visitor Center TIME:

FALL 2010

INSTRUCTOR:

ALLISON NEWMEYER

SITE:

KICKAPOO STATE PARK, ILLINOIS

MEDIUM:

MODEL, SKETCHUP, AUTOCAD, PHOTOSHOP, ILLUSTRATOR

Can a design represent the movement of time itself? The form of the building is an attempt to display the fragmented history of the Kickapoo region itself, using intersection triangular elements cut and added from a rectangular whole to represent physical changes. Spaces within the building also become broken down: conventional staircases and floors are largely omitted in favor of a continuous vertical circulation, with gradually differentiating experiences throughout the building. The large wall counteracts the mass and irregularity of the main building, while also acting as a projection medium for the public space below.

The top-level gallery space is also an observatory that overlooks the entire park, with an east-west view that is framed by a through passage that plays with the inside-outside experience. Together with the gradually shifting indoor experience, the architecture of the Visitor Center strives to be as much a showcase of the park’s history as its surrounding context.

07

P re - 1850

Natural environment & Native American settlement

R e cla ma ti on

1 850 - 194 0

P ost- 194 0

Strip-mining

Rehabilitation

Scars heal, mended by time. For Kickapoo, the past is as important as its future. Kickapoo State Park blends its natural environment with a history of strip-mining. The natural qualities of hills, rivers and valleys are seldom available within the Prairie context, while its once man-made interventions davastated its natural appearance, giving the park a fragmented feel, awaiting nature’s reclamation. This relationship between shifting conditions and movement of time gives Kickapoo State Park a unique parameter for spatial exploration.

08

09

10

SEED |

LaSalle & Chicago Ave. Mixed Use

TIME:

SPRING 2011

INSTRUCTOR:

CAMDEN GREENLEE

SITE:

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS

MEDIUM:

MODEL, SKETCHUP, 3DS MAX, AUTOCAD, PHOTOSHOP, ILLUTRATOR

S ustainable E nvironment, E quitable D esign.

Equitable, interactive environments lead to cultural and socially sustainable living, which in today’s fast-paced world is becoming less and less focused.

The Increasing density and hybridity in urban landscapes allow increased opportunities for interaction, which are essential in maintaining a socially sustainable environment. Interactions in cities range across different scales and levels, actively and passively. People to people, unit to unit, building to environment, public to private are some of the examples that urban architecture should willingly address. The building, therefore, should act as a medium, a provider of interactive activities for the residents within. Using a modular design that focuses on breaking down layers to create interactive spaces and the sharing of semi-public “decomposed elements”, the design seeks to create a culturally sustainable urban living, while focusing on solar heating/cooling, natural ventilation and innovating spaces to create a comfortable urban experience.

11

Individuals need spaces to survive. Spaces to live, spaces to work, and spaces to play. These spaces often intersect each other at different places and times among invididuals, which happens increasingly frequently corresponding to the density of human population. In today’s urban living, architects, as system-makers, should not only intepret and plan for the spatial needs of people, but also consider that, in an increasingly denser urban environment, to maximize the spatial cooperation corresponding to these needs, to make cities overall more interactive, sociable, and livable.

Raising a building in a modern city is comparable to raising a tree in a forest. The building provides safety and security for those who dwell within it, as well as ease and comfort of living. However, the scale of function that an individual building can offer is very limited within the larger context of the city. Though their roles are vital, individual buildings nonetheless play only a small part compared the greater context of the city itself. Therefore, it is important for buildings to not only support its own “ecosystem” within, but to interact with the city, as well. Like a living tree in a dense forest, living among hundreds of similar plant life, a building shares the ground, and struggles for light with many structures in the immediate vicinity. This distinct relationship of the building and its surrounding directly relates to its purpose - an in-between representation of a people-centric living environment and an urban nature, representing a combination of human ingenuity and a purified need to benefit those who utilize it.

Perhaps it is which that sets human apart from animals. No longer suited for the real nature that we have relatively less control over, we adapt ourselves to new environments, from which we are able to create in our own will, to play God on the environment to better suit our needs. And our need for the future is an likely an increasingly dense and interactive urban environment. Buildings, therefore - become mediums between the human scale and the urban scale, creating not only safety and shelter, but as a means to enable us interact with each other and our environment in a more efficient manner.

.

12

Li Mo vabl du e Sp lar (9 aces x9 x9 )

k

C h ic ag o A en djace co ura nt b ge us s ga top the s rng

Re

sid

Co

en

tia

mm

ou

13

SEMI-PUBLIC COMMERICAL PUBLIC

shift | Pushing up street corner

mix | Interaction among programs add | Modular layout

subtract | Inter-unit green space

th

l

erc

ial

In Se tera Co mi-P ctive nn ub ect lic Void s 5 Gr s 0% een of all Spac un es its be tw

i-p

Ec D osy eas oubl stem t fa e-sk cin in g f sur aca rou de nd s ss

ub

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Str min ee g en t Cor Tog ha ne nc r’s ethe e s exp pu focu r eri blic s en ce

Li C ght Semomm Well i-P ercia s ub lic l Util Am ity en + ity

In Pe tera Int dest ctio Sem erco rian n: i-p nne -orie ub cte nt lic e Lay d Co d Pu ers mm blic erc La ial yer + +

its

M 1 + ixed 2 B - In ed com +S e tud Livi io ng Int erl oc

Co inc mm rea erc sed ial I LaS pe nter alle de sec str + ian tion tra w/ ffic

Y Pu e Old bli e L c + ay Co erc mm aki erc ng: ial +S em

Un

ee

nu

nit

s

Residenial Floor Two

Residential Floor One

Commercial Floor

14

Automated parking presents itself as another sustainable solution unique to the given site.

Given dimensions of the site (125’ x 85”), using standard ramp parking system allows for a total of only 12 parking spaces per floor. Offering parking to 75% of total number of bedrooms of residents would require a total number of 80 parking spaces, creating a challenge in arrangement.

Replacing ramp parking with an automated parking system allows up to 27 spaces per floor, which means using three levels of automated parking is equivalent to seven levels of standard parking, while using a total of just two standard floor height, greatly reducing materials and energy needed for creating extra levels, as well as largely eliminating the need for natural lighting and ventilation.

SEED utilitzes a double-skin system that covers the south and west facades to reduce energy consumption. Seeing increased utilizable in Europe and Canada, this type of skin system works by creating a temperature buffer in the intermediate thresholds, saving up to 40% in energy consumption.

Utilization of double-skin facade system may allow the building to use up to 40% less energy , while providing occupiable middle thresholds as balcony space.

Skin system utilizes heat rise effect to allow hot air travel upwards, creating a temperature zone within the threshold of two skins.

Occupiable threshold also acts as overhang that filters direct sunlight from warm seasons

5

15

10

20

30

50

100ft

16

INCORPORATING MULTIPLICITY Air-frame and Powerplant Instructional Facility (APIF) TIME:

FALL 2011

INSTRUCTOR:

SCOTT MURRAY

SITE:

SAVOY, ILLINOIS

MEDIUM:

SKETCHUP+INDIGO RENDERER, AUTOCAD,

“… T HE

CLIMATE CONSULTANT, PHOTOSHOP, ILLUSTRATOR

RADICAL CONCEPT OF A SINGULAR MESSAGE , MITOTICALLY AND INFINITELY DIVIDED , GAVE EVEN THE SMALL-

EST PUBLICATION A GREATER AND PERMANENCE THAN THE MOST MONUMENTAL OF BUILDINGS , THIS SHIFT FROM

MONUMENTALITY TO DEXTERITY AND MULTIPLICITY FORESHADOWED THE CURRENT STATES OF INFORMATION CONVEY-

ANCE , IN WHICH THE DIGITAL PARADIGM .”

‒ DIMENSIONLESS AND - H OWELER + Y OON A RCHITECTURE

PERVASIVE

‒

DOMINATES AS THE CONTEMPORARY MEDIA

Architects have argued that, due to its inherent dexterity and multiplicity, media has risen beyond architecture as the most prevalent form of information conveyance.

The best stories carry strong messages that endear themselves to many ears. The pervasiveness of contemporary digital media, with its multifaceted approach into the details that are able to connect individuals on personal levels in an accessible manner, is able to convey messages in a more flexible manner than the monumental focus of the architectural message.

Using this belief as inspiration, the conceptual layout of the APIF focuses on creating a multi-facted learning environment. The design shifts from a singular purpose to a larger number of subtler design strategies that seeks to come together to benefit the larger goal. Every decision on the building’s form is based on a multitude of direct interactive influences and sustainable strategies.

The fast-paced contemporary world demands change, and rewards those that comply. Much like the media entity, modern institutions like education need to be constantly prepared for increasing technological and social demands, and architecture serves as a basis for such preparation and a medium for meeting such demands.

Therefore, contemporary educational facilities should be designed to not only fulfill immediate needs, but also pertain to a mindset to prepare for the future. The qualities that made the media a sustained but ever-adapting entity ‒ dexterity and multiplicity ‒ should be adopted into architectural concepts when conveying architectural messages in this particular context.

17

Main methods of approach

Roof communicates with rest of structure with lighting & circulation

Combined circulation as a result of approach

Building-Site interlocking relationship

Programmatic layout in accordance to circulation

Intermediate threshold as green space to provide public space and transitional moments from building to environment

Spaces united by a singlepiece green roof

Combination with green roof synthesizes activity with learning 18

19

|

Incorporating Multiplicity

GROUND LEVEL PLAN

HANGAR

WORKSHOP

JOINT STORAGE OFFICE CONFERENCE CLASSROOM LOBBY

20

|

|

Incorporating Multiplicity

LOWER LEVEL PLAN

JOINT STORAGE OFFICE CONFERENCE

CLASSROOM LOBBY

21

Incorporating Multiplicity

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

JA

CLIMATE ZONE ANALYSIS RU

Y AR

Incorporating Multiplicity

Temperature Range (° F)

DESIGN STRATEGY

100

|

90 80

m

AR

CH

Co

ne t Zo for

70 60 50

M

40 30

Ground Temperature 0’

Depth

B FE

Y NUAR

-16.4’

20 10

Ge oth erm al He ati ng Co mf ort Lev el wit h So lar Dir e ct Ga i n Co mf ort Lev el wit h Na tur a l V en t i l a tio n C om f o r t Lev el wit h el Na t ura l C o mf ort L ev

APRI

L

0 -10

30.3 % 20.1% 14.5% 7.4%

M AY

-20

DE BE

JU

NE

CE M R

Located in central Illinois, The site represents typical Midwest cliimate condition: large temperature flucturations throughout the year due to latitude and geograpyical features, with yearly average temperature remaining relatively low. The result of climate analysis reveals a maximum natural comfort level at just 7.4%. However, with design strategies such as a focus on natural ventilation and solar directly gain, comfort level can be increased almost threefold. Additionally, if a system of internal heat exchange can be utilized, total comfort level of the given site can be risen to over 30%. In a structure where large spaces are created by long structural trusses, the sustainable aspect of design strategies will allow the structure to save large amounts of energy costs in the future.

COMFORTABLE LEARNING

N O V

EM

BE

JU

R

OC

TO

BER

SEPTEMBER

AUG

US

T

LY

|

Incorporating Multiplicity

22

|

Incorporating Multiplicity

ENVELOPE & ENERGY f as G re e n ro o b a rr ie r in s u la ti o n

Ge

at nP o i t tila Ven

23

ter

n

er oth

ma

lH

Pum eat

ps

The decision to place the lower floor of the building below ground was made to enhance building performance, as well as improving access to its multitude of programs. Due to Central Illinois' climate conditions, temperature range is high between warmer and colder months, leading to high energy costs particular in the winter. By utilizing geothermal heating and cooling as a main source of climate control, the facility is able to adjust to seasonal temperature fluctuations with reasonable long-term costs, while maintaining a high comfort level. The lowered profile of the building also allows ground-level access to the green roof, further regulating building temperature during summer months, while providing a much-needed outdoor public space in a relatively confined site.

FOOD IN MOTION Chicago River Hydroponic Farming TIME:

SPRING 2012

INSTRUCTOR:

ERIK HEMINGWAY

SITE:

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS

MEDIUM:

SKETCHUP+INDIGO RENDERER, PHOTOSHOP, ILLUSTRATOR

In 2008, For the first time in history, over half the world’s population resided in urban areas. It is speculated by 2050, more than 80% of the world’s population will be urban.

With a shift in population focus comes a need for an infrastructure that suits the needs for a changing environment, namely a local, transportable agricultural system that directly benefits the urban populace.

Food In Motion proposes a large-scale agricultural system in an urban environment, utilizing the river system as the basis for a localized farming and distribution system, reducing food miles and increasing efficiency of how produced is sold in the urban future.

24

17 25

22

26

27

CONVERSATION Columbia University

2012-2014

In Illinois, I found a tremendous diďŹƒculty in deďŹ ning architecture, which only increased as my pursuit of it continued.

In Columbia, I chose to embrace this paradoxical process, rather than seeking conclusions to my question.

28

HARVESTING UNDERCITY NYC Underground Algae Farming TIME:

FALL 2012

COLLABORATOR:

ANDREW LEUNG

INSTRUCTOR:

PHU DUONG

SITE:

NEW YORK CITY

MEDIUM:

MAYA, AFTEREFFECTS, FILM ILLUSTRATOR, PHOTOSHOP

LINK:

WWW.VIMEO.COM/47909472

Manhattan has 19 underutilized subway stations, six of them are abandoned, totaling more than 80 acres of unused space. How can these spaces be utilized for the benefit of the city?

Microalgae harvestation is a high-yielding method of renewable biofuel. With a single acre, a microalgae pond can yield 10,000 gallons of unprocessed biofuel, compared to 1.8 gallons of ethanol harvested from cornfields. The biofuel can the be used to power vehicles and infrastucture in replacment of petrolium.

HARVESTING UNDERCITY proposes a design solution from an energy generation perspective, using algae farming to generate more than 800,000 gallons of biofuel per year while utilizing waste water and roadside carbon dioxide from cso for nutrients, producing energy while cleasning the city.

29

HARVESTING UNDERCITY SUBWAY STATIONS

S TA

HARVESTING UNDERCITY TIO

NS

M ISSION : M ANHATTAN

33

UN

US

ED

1

2

3

U NDERUTILIZED

468

C

O PPORTUNISTIC M ANHATTAN

A

N EW Y ORK C ITY HAS A HIDDEN LAYER .

468 SUBWAY STATIONS MAKE UP A BUSY UNDERCITY WITH 656 LENGTH . T HE ARTERIAL UNDERCITY PROVIDES 1.7 BILLION SUBWAY IN

ITS

100- YEAR

HISTORY ,

NUMEROUS

STATIONS

WERE

LEFT

ABANDONED OR PARTIALLY UNUSED . THE CITY CURRENTLY HAS

T

STATIONS , WITH

19 BEING IN MANHATTAN , TOTALLING H OW CAN THESE SPACES BE UTILIZED IN ONE THE WORLD ?

SQUARE FEET .

33

RIDES ANNUALLY .

BEHIND

TO

BE

UNDERUTILIZED

MORE THAN

200,000

OF THE BUSIEST METROP-

B

D

N

Q

R

OLISES IN

MILES OF TRACK

4 UNUSED UNDERUTILIZED

5

S 6

Unspe

cifie

v er

ic

e

D ELANCEY S TATION T HE D ELANCEY S TATION BECAME THE FOCAL POINT FOR NEW IDEAS ON REVITALIZING NYC’ S UNUSED SPACES AFTER THE INTRODUCTION OF THE H IGH L INE . L OCATED IN E AST V ILLAGE , D ELANCY STATION OFFERS MORE THAN 60,000 SQUARE FT . OF USABLE SPACE WHILE BEING DIRECTLY UNDER THE NYC STREET - SCAPE .

d 30

HARVESTING UNDERCITY A LGAE F ARMING

Filtered Essentials NYC’s CSO (Combined Sewage System) represents as much as 75% of the city’s total sewage volume. Utilizing the CSO as a resource provides growing pods with readily available H2O as well as nitrite (N) and potassium (P), which are essential to algal growth.

Combined Sewage CSO as nutrient

Preservation of existing structure

Daylight Simulation Due to their subterrainean nature, the algae pods receive no natural light. However, according to recent studies, this characteristic may become a critical advantage in boosting algal growth by introducing simulated daylighting at increased cycles.

Treatment System

Individual pods are capable of turning up to 90 degrees to face light source.

Photobioreactors provide optimal growing

conditions for smaller colonies. Connected individually to the feeding system, the bioreactors are adjustible, removable, and react to controlled stimuli such as light.

31

Delancey Station Test Site

90º Movable light fixture

Research and inspection is done on-site.

Harvested biomatter goes through inspection process before transporting for purification.

BUS SCHOOL

Mobile Learning Campus for Migrant Children in Beijing TIME:

FALL 2012

COLLABORATOR:

JUN PENG

INSTRUCTOR:

MICHAEL CONARD

SITE:

BEIJING

MEDIUM:

RHINO, SKETCHUP, ILLUSTRATOR, PHOTOSHOP, ARCGIS

In present-day China, more than 300 million people have left their homes for jobs in cities as migrant workers as a part of the largest human migration in history.

One of the most intricate resulting sosical issues is the inequalities in education of their children. Due to the Hukou registration system, migrant children often cannot enjoy the privileges of subsidized public education in host cities as easy and barrier-free as in their hometown. The problem is exacerbated in larger urban centers such as Beijing. Currently, around 1/3 of children of migrant families in the capital city cannot attend public schools. In reaction to the existing barrier of public schools, private-run migrant schools were spontaneously established in large amounts in urban villages. However, they were consistently facing demolition due to urban redevelopment along the urban periphery.

Through analyzing urbanization as a strong force in shaping the mobile nature of the migrants, the project proposes a new form of school for migrant children, utilizing the large number of buses about to be retired from Beijing’s public transportation fleet. BUS SCHOOL seeks to provide the local migrant communities with a mobile system of learning that alleviates the children’s lack of educational opportunities, while providing a level of permanence for a community constantly on the move.

32

China’s Great Migration

Contemporary Beijing

In present-day China, more than 300 million people have left their homes for jobs in cities as migrant workers as a part of the largest human migration in history. One of the most intricate resulting sosical issues is the iniequalities in education of their children. Due to the Hukou registration system, migrant children often cannot enjoy the privileges of subsidized public education in host cities as easy and barrier-free as in their hometown. The problem is exacerbated in larger urban centers such as Beijing. Currently, around 1/3 of children of migrant families in the capital city cannot attend public schools. In reaction to the existing barrier of public schools, private-run migrant schools were spontaneously established in large amounts in urban villages. However, they were consistently facing demolition due to urban redevelopment along the urban periphery. Through analyzing urbanization as a strong force shaping the mobile feature of the migrants, the project proposed a new, flexible form of special school for migrant children.

7 million Migrant Workers

In China, there’re 225 million migrant workers and 20 million migrant children floating mainly from rural area and small cities to Metropolitan Cities, especially Beijing, Shanghai and Guangdong. Beijing, as the capital of China, has 7 million migrant workers and 478,000 migrant children today. Most of them rent living units in urban villages along the outskirt of the city due to economic reasons. In Beijing, 30% of migrant children have still been excluded from public education system and have to attend urban village migrant schools that are usually poorly staffed and inferior in education quality.

4% 33%

Heilongjiang

Lost Chance at Education Excluded from Public Education System

Jilin

Xingjiang

Liaoning

Neimengu

Beijing

Tianjing Shanxi

Ningxia Ginghai

Shanxi

Gansu

Hebei Henan

Jiangsu

Hubei Sichuan

Xizang

Inferior Education Quality Unstable Envrionment for Growth

Shandong

53%

Frequently Change Schools

478,000 Migrant Children within the age of compulsory education

Shanghai

Chongqing

Anhui

Hunan

Zhejiang

Jiangxi

Guizhou Fujian

Yunnan Guangxi

Guangdong

Unpredictable Future 33

Hainan

10%

Receive Normal Education

Pushed Outward

Mobile Solution

Farmland

Beijing Urban Village

Beijing Urbanized Area Existing Urban Villages

Transportation Network

With rapid ubanization, urban villages along the outskirts of Beijing have been gradually encroached by urban redevelopment and many private-run migrant schools are forced shut down by urban demolition. Most of these migrant children who lost their schools had to go back to their hometown or chose to attend other migrant schools, which caused negative impact on their personal growth. Meanwhile, their migrant families have been pushed outward with the expanding urban outskirt.

Viewing migrant schools still as a necessary way of offering education to migrant children, the existing barriers of public schools cannot be eliminated in a short time period, which begs the question: Does the fixation of temporary education system suit the strong mobile character of migrant families?

Developed Area Demolished Land

Assessing Dongba - A Typical Urban Village along the Outskirt of Bejing

Beijing has

21,018 buses in its fleet

In 2011, New Energy Buses accounted for

63% of the city’s bus fleet

By 2015, over

3,000

diesel buses will be scrapped.

Adaptable Learning Environment for a Mobile Population

Dongba Village

2006

LEGEND:

2008

Urban Village

Developing Area

2010

Developed Area

2012

Public School

Private Migrant School

How can an education system accomodate the mobile population? A proposed answer is a new system of modular learning units that is capable of connecting the disconnected. By 2015, more than 3,000 public buses currently in service will be decommissioned by the city due to new emission standards. These units of mobile infrastructure can be utilized for both their ability to pick up children in disconnected communities and providing learning environments as re-purposed mobile learning centers of classrooms, washrooms, cafeterias and libraries. Due to the mobile nature of the Bus School, the campus in which learning environment is provided can be multi-faceted and flexible. Therefore, opportunities arise in not only education for migrant children, but after-school interaction with children in public schools as well.

34

Adaptable Learning Units

Dynamic Timeline

Each bus is modified to implement specific learning programs, from standard classrooms, to specialized spaces for art, music and cooking. Together these modular units function as a singular campus, providing students similar learning opportunities as those offered in school buildings.

When larger spaces are needed, the buses are capable of parking closely to merge into a single, shared space with open circulation, further enhancing the flexibility of the Bus School system.

2 6:30 -7:30 am picks up children

7 4:30 - 5:30 pm

1 6:30 am

io

e

ra t

or ag

Bus Scho

ol Camp

nfi gu

St &

io

ic

ra t

us ts

oo

m

Co

Ar

8 6:00 pm

back to temporary campus

nfi

&

gu

M

Li

us

n

Co

br ar y

leaves temporary campus

n

Co

nfi gu

W

ra t

at

io

n

er C

lo

se tC

on

fig u

ra t

io

n

drops off children

as

sr

3 8:00 am - 3:00 pm

Cl

arrives at temporary campus classes begin

4 3:00 pm

classes finish drives to nearby public school

6 4:30 pm

leaves school ground sends students home

Public School Campus

5 3:20 - 4:30 pm

Ca

fet

e Op

eri

le

S

oo

r

Potential Sites

O

pe

n

Ci

rc

ul a

tio

n

a

rab

D ide

arrives public school campus and functions as activity room, holding cultural programs, co-working workshop or activities with public school students.

35

Urban Green Belts

Open Space / Parks

Outskirt Abandoned Farmland

Under-utilized Factory Open Storage Space

Parking Lots

Demolished Yet Undeveloped Land

G ENER A TI V E P OO LING

MANYATTA

community bio-center

Economic & Ecological Improvement Collaborative for Manyatta Community in Kisumu, Kenya TIME:

SPRING 2014

COLLABORATORS:

NIJIA JI, JI HAN LEW, YU ZHANG

INSTRUCTORS:

RICHARD PLUNZ, GEETA MEHTA, PETRA KAMPF, VICTOR BODY-LAWSON, VIREN BRAHMBHATT, KATE ORFF, MICHAEL CONARD

SITE:

KISUMU, KENYA

MEDIUM:

PHOTOSHOP, ILLUSTRATOR, RHINO, ARCGIS

PHASE 1 | CLEAN AUJI

waste collection

mainstream economy

bio-gas generation

income generation

social capital credits

tourism

social amenities

PHASE 2 | TREAT WATER Auji River

Manyatta is one of the largest slums in Kisumu, a city where slum-dwellers make up more than 60% of population.

While Kisumu goes through rapid population growth, the residents of Manyatta continue to face limited financial opportunities and environmental health crisis, amplified by impacts from the seasonal flood damage due to the area’s poor drainage. Generative Pooling challenges the negative association between Manyatta and its hydrological environment by addressing the flooding, limited sanitation infrastructure, and a deficient economy within Manyatta. We propose progressive sanitary and ecological intervention to improve water quality and alleviate flood risk from the Auji River, and we anticipate long-term economic benefits that will follow the clean and controlled water management. The project will involve and energize the Manyatta community, as well as the public and private sectors of Kisumu, to support a healthier lifestyle and an improved economy.

Flooding is an urgent issue that poses serious health risks to Manyatta residents such as malaria and other waterborne diseases. With Generative Pooling, we challenge the existing perception of water as a threat, seeing it instead as an economic resource. The Auji River, the main drainage channel that cuts through Manyatta, is currently filled with solid and human waste, resulting in serious blockage and contamination. The first phase of the project proposes to remedy this situation with a new waste collection and sanitation infrastructure. This system, in the form of bio-community centers (already being implemented in a few Manyatta locations), will include a new socio-economic methodology that rewards the community for actively participating in proper waste composting, offering social capital credits that can be exchanged for hygienic programs or products, skill enhancement classes, and other community activities.

The community’s effort in waste reallocation and water quality improvement will prepare the large patch of marshland at the Southwest tip of Manyatta ready for a constructed wetland to be implemented. The constructed wetland will further improve the water quality by natural filtration, preventing mosquito breeding with special plants and creatures, and containing storm-water within a retaining fish pool. Filtered water will help sustain a large-scale aquaculture that is expected to become a new major income source for Manyatta residents. This new productive landscape will supply fish and processed products to on-site and off-site market and restaurants, which will contribute to the local economy, as well. Also exploiting the adjacency to other city facilities such as Nakumatt, Moi stadium, the decommissioning landfill site, and the highway, the site’s development will also act as an anchor to attract tourists and to bond the Manyatta community more closely to Kisumu’s mainstream economy.

constructed wetlands

water filtration

market

flood prevention

restaurant

eco-habitat

PHASE 3 | GENERATE BUSINESS eco-tourism

aquaculture 36

PHASE I | Clean Auji

Unregulated Waste Disposal Major Dumpsites

Manyatta A Manyatta B

Lake Victoria Increased Environmental Impact

Kachok Dumpsite Largest waste dumpsite in Kisumu City

Minor Flooding Threat Flooding Threat Major Flooding Threat Blockage

Auj

i Ch

ann e

l

Direction of Runoff

Unoccupied Wetland Auji Channel - Kisumu Bypass Nairobi Road Intersection as potential future site

Nairo

bi Ro

Kisumu Sewage Waste Recycling Plant

ad

Lake Victoria Runoff Stormwater runoff a cause for Water Hyacinth breakout

Currently disfunctional sewerage & waste recycling plant built by Tianjin University & KCM.

Second Floor Skill building classes Social Spaces

KISUMU SOLID WASTE SITUATION Manyatta

Population expanding at 6-12% annually

37

Manyatta B Pop. size ~ 25,700 Density ~ 6,400

Total Waste Generation >400 tons/day

Collection Efficiency 20% (80) tons/day

Ground Floor

LEGEND Bio-Community Center Sites 9.9%

Metals

1o.2%

Glass

12.3%

Plastics

63.1%

Organic

1400ft/ 5min walking distance

Showers & water closet Fresh water

Auji Channel Secondary Drainage Storm Water Flow

Cleaning Auji

Reallocation of Waste Social Capital Rewards Unclogging waterway for Ecological Benefit

Powered by Community Organic waste disposal Electricity through bio-gas Allows night time activities

PHASE II | Treat Water

PERFORMATIVE

33m 3/s 30m 3/s

DSCAPE t

an gus tifo lia

ts

La

van du la

dem ers um lum ph yl Ce rat o

Pis

Ny mp ha

tia s

tra tio tes

ea gig an tea

3

HYDROLOGY LANDFORM FOR CONSTRUCTED WETLAND

storm water catchment

storm water catchment

AFTER

33m 3/s 30m 3/s 3

3753 - 3762 Elevation (ft.)

33m 3/s 30m 3/s 3

BEFORE

Marshland

Kisumu Bypass Road

Marshland

Marshland

Manyatta B Settlement 38

PHASE III | Generate Business Existing Markets & Potential Partnerships

Kisumu Economic Condition & Fishing as Economic Opportunity 30%

unemployed

52%

informal jobs

35%

60%

53%

drinking unprotected water

live in informal settlements

living below poverty line 300

Marine Drive

280

about 60% of western Kenyan households depend on ďŹ sh as a source of food or income

Kisumu Municipal Market

average monthly ďŹ sh capture and export

omena

wholesale: 88%

100 clarias

12%

nile perch

79,237 kg

retail:

tilapia

capture:

wholesale price vs. retail price retail sale can be enhanced for 30~60 KSH per kg

hotel market museum

Kisumu Polytechnic

utility + storages

Auj

i Ch

ann

el

restaurants

Nakumatt

39

ďŹ sh cage

Restaurant 80 seating space

Public Recreation

Community Space | Jogging| Basketball

Cut & Fill Fishery Yield

Fishery Revenue

300 Units Yield: 1000kg/day

~ $400,000 ksh/pond/year

Market Jobs

Market Earnings

280 Stalls

40% Increase from Average Income

Excess Clay used for Building Construction

40

SOCIAL CAPITAL CREDITS (SOCCS)

RESPONDING TO A NEED FOR SOCIAL SPACES

Recognize and honor individual for participating in community improvement. In return, individual will be able to exchange this virtual currency for other goods or services they need.

City of Kisumu

Nairo

bi

Ro a

d

bi Ro

1

This card is issued by MCI

ad

Manyatta Credit Identification

Authorized Signature

ID: 000 123 456 Last Name First Name Area: Manyatta A Address: DOB: 08/12/2000 Sex: F HT:

Personal ID www. abcde.com www. abcde.com

Issued:

Expires:

street light community space/room

garbage truck public bathroom

booth

SoCCs

We want a soccer field!

enhance circulation by providing alternative routes

5

2

Scenario - Tom Opiyo’s Daily Routine in Manyatta

Families

Bio-Centers

* 3723

* 19

Bio-Community Centers

*5

8:00 am selling fish at market

6

12:00 pm eating lunch at market

3 generate interaction by integrating various programs

17:00 pm cleaning booth

community

Markets

*1

7:00 am walking to dump I make crafts to support waste the family. I wish there are more 20:00 pm places close-by to sell my crafts shower at community and make some money. 19:00 pm center attending worshop 7:30 am shuttle bus to fish center

9 8

7

nakumatt

market

6 museum wetland

1 1

1

create network by connecting adjacent attractions

41

workshop/skill training

TRANSFORMING SoCCs TO MONETARY INCOME

5

4

We want a soccer field!

waste collection

storage

1

“I have unused land. I hope we can better use our land with things like agriculture and bio-generators.”

maintenance

shuttle bus

Not valid unless signed

6

1

a

“I have unused land. I hope we can better use our land with things like agriculture and biogenerators.”

shower room

spend

Bypass

iro

parking

Community with largest number of SoCCs could get priority in service provision by the government.

telephone

Na

1

I make crafts to support the family. I wish there are more places close-by to sell my crafts and make some money.

individual

Virtual Currency to Incentivize Invidual Contribution around the Community

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

commercial

public activity

community center

infrastructure

market education center museum hostel fish restaurant

pedestrian 6.

7.

8.

9.

education storage fish farming micropool - stormwater storage

Waste truck picks up organic waste twice a week, and recycled waste once a week

Free shuttle bus to run every 20 mins at peak hours* and every hour at non-peak hours *peak hour: 6:30 - 8:30 am 17:30 - 19:30 pm

18:30 pm shuttle bus to community center

earn

The vision of Generative Pooling is realized through the combination of built typologies and the collective involvement of the community incentivized through a social-capital credit system. Throughout the various phases of the project, we seek to incorporate community effort as a core element of the Generative Pooling system. The project offers opportunies for a community-wide waste-composting system, maintanence of fisheries and bio-centers, as well as participating in free skill-training programs. These efforts help the population of Manyatta earn social-capital credits - a form of currency that can be used to exchange for specific types of goods and services.

PRACTICE

Sou Fujimoto Architects 2015 In Illinois, I found a tremendous diďŹƒculty in deďŹ ning architecture, which only increased as my pursuit of it continued.

In Columbia, I chose to embrace this paradoxical process, rather than seeking conclusions to my question.

42

BEIJING CULTURAL CENTER SOU FUJIMOTO ARCHITECTS TIME:

SPRING 2015

TEAM:

YIBEI LIU, LIQUN TANG

ROLE:

CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTATION, POST-PRODUCTION

SITE:

BEIJING, CHINA

MEDIUM:

RHINOCEROS, AUTOCAD, PHOTOSHOP

Date

Date

43

Rev.

Description

Description

Client

Design Institute

Project Name

Client Date

Rev.

Description

Client

43

1

A811

2

茶室剖面图 1:100

A811

细部设计一 1:20

A

4

A811

3

A811

细部设计三 1:20

1

茶室剖面图 1:100

3

细部设计二 1:20

A811

细部设计二 1:20

A811

1

A811

45

茶室剖面图 1:100

2

A811

细部设计一 1:20

4

A811

细部设计三 1:20

Design Institute

Drawn by Sheet Title

Project Name

比例尺:

Discipline

ARCH

Sheet No.

Stage

Rev.

Registration Stamp

Project Name

Release Stamp

2

A811

细部设计一 1:20

Invalid Unless Stamped

Drawn by Sheet Title

A

比例尺:

Discipline

Sheet No.

ARCH

Stage

Rev.

Registration Stamp

Release Stamp

Invalid Unless Stamped

46

B AM I Y AN C U LT UR A L C E NT E R TIME:

SPRING 2015

COLLABORATORS:

NICOLAS GUSTIN, MAXIME ROUSSE, LIQUN TANG

ROLE:

PRODUCTION, POST-PRODUCTION EDITING

SITE:

BAMIYAN, AFGHANISTAN

MEDIUM:

PHOTOSHOP, ILLUSTRATOR, RHINO

The recent years of instability in the region has deprived its people of the very human need to connect with their culture and their identity. With the introduction of the Bamiyan Cultural Center, the scheme seeks to involve the local community right from the get-go. Simple, easy to construct modules aggregate together to form an arrangement of courtyards, semi courtyards, and an assortment of private spaces reminiscent of the traditional Qawwal form. The Bamiyan Cultural Center grew from an outside idea, but it is meant to take shape through the hands of the local community, forming a deep sense of ownership with this prestigious project.

With its massive shape fermly attached to the ground and its timeless «village» organization and construction techniques, the Bamiyan Cultural Center is a symbol of stability and durability after a decade of war and instability in Afghanistan.

Sand, in its many shades of earth brown, from all around the region and its neighbouring areas are brought in to create the walls of the Bamiyan Cultural Centre, a potent symbol for the reunification of culture and identity under one roof. Just like the people of Afghanistan are multi-layered and complex, yet forming cultural bonds that transcend their differences, so are the layers of sand as they are rammed into the form of the Bamiyan Cultural Centre, rich in layers, forming a harmonious relationship with the land.

Thick walls and roof mean that the building will act as a thermal mass, proven over ages in the local region to be effective against climate extremes. Furthermore, by creating a huge, stable structure on the lower site, we effectively create a wide plaza on the rooftop that extends from the upper site, allowing for easy future expansion. The buil develops through the hands of the local craftsmen, who in turn attract other locals, generating discussion and sparking ideas way before the building is complete. This discussion would in turn become the fuel that kick starts the Bamiyan Cultural Centre as a hub for the open sharing of ideas, culture, and the arts.

47

BAMIYAN CULTURAL CENTER

49

ALAKINE

SQUARE

Axis to Buddha Cliff

ing

ad Lo

Main corridor aligns with the view o f the “Buddha Cliff”, a religous site with signnificant historical significance. Starting from a simple rectangle, we saw the opportunity to form an axis that aligns the entire building toward the buddha cliff, thereby making the centre immediately relevant to the history of the region. The main entrance opens up into an uninterrupted view of the buddha cliffs, framing its largest cave for dramatic flair.

40

.00

.00

45

.50 .00 47 50 25 .50 25 52 25

HA

25 22 .50 25 25 .00 25 27 .50 25 30 .00 25 32 .50

25

BUDD

25

25 42 .50

253 5.0 25 0 37 .50

ess Acc AXIS

Technical Entrance Art Delivery

0

2555.5

15000.0000

GARZANDO

Y GUES THOUSE

Ramp - Public Access

Use of Traditional Courtyards

Simple modules aggregate to form an arrangement of courtyards, semi courtyards, and private spaces, forming a singular construct that grows out of the land. The modules are designed to be built by local craftsmen and artisans, thereby ensuring that the funds invested into regenerating the Bamiyan region go to its locals, reactivating its economy while fostering a sense of identity and ownership of the building.

N

From Qawwal to Cultural Center

Site Plan 49

The visitor would freely partake in the many activities that revolve around the courtyard space itself. By placing active, public programmes immediately adjacent to the courtyard, we infuse it with constant activity, which in turn attract more people to use the spaces.

+ 8.00

+/- 00.00

- 2.40

+ 8.00 + 8.00

+/- 00.00

- 2.40

+/- 00.00

- 2.40

Possible Expansion 1

Possible Expansion 2

Main Corridor View

50

Lo ing

ad s

es Acc

Technical Entrance Art Delivery

Ramp - Public Access

Performance Hall

+ 8.00

51

West Elevation

+/- 00.00

North Elevation

+ 8.00

+/- 00.00

- 2.40

Section AA + 8.00

Section BB

+/- 00.00

Typical Wall Section - 1/20

52

OBSERVATION 2010 - 2011

You employ stone, wood and concretez, and with these materials you build houses and p`alaces. That is construction. Ingenuity is at work.

But suddenly you touch my heart, you do me good, I am happy and I say: "This is beautiful."

That is Architecture.

Art enters in.

- Le Corbusier

53

Made in China |

Sample Sketchwork

Summer 2009

A series of sketches made during and after my traveling to various locations in China, capturing displays of architecture, landscape, and sculptural works.

54

55

Reections |

Sample Photography

2009, 2011

There is beauty in contrast, be it physical or ideological.

Contrasting ideas compounded become a catalyst for contemplation, while clashing elements challenge our sense of perception when captured in their purest forms.

56

57

58

thank you.