Seoul International Crime Prevention Design Seminar

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Contents

3

์ธ์‚ฌ๋ง Invitation

4

ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ Program

6

์—ฐ์‚ฌ์†Œ๊ฐœ Speakers

11

๊ธฐ์กฐ์—ฐ์„ค Keynote Speech

45

์˜๊ตญ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of the UK

87

ํ˜ธ์ฃผ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of Australia

115

์„œ์šธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of Seoul


์ธ์‚ฌ๋ง ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ์„œ์šธํŠน๋ณ„์‹œ์žฅ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ โ€˜์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ๋„์‹œโ€˜๋ผ๋Š” ํƒ€์ดํ‹€์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ์ง€์ผœ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณต๋™์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ง€์ถœ๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๋น„์šฉ์€ ์—ฐ 20์กฐ์›์— ์ด๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ค‘ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋ˆ์€ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ ์‚ฌํ›„์กฐ์น˜๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ„๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด๋„ ๊ณผ์–ธ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๊ฒŒ ๊พธ๋ฏธ๊ณ  ๊ด€๊ด‘๊ฐ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ์œ ์น˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ๋„ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์™€ ์•ˆ์ „์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ๋” ์œคํƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฒซ ๋‹จ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ํ•™์ž, ํ–‰๋™์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž, ๋„์‹œ๊ณ„ํš ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€, ์ง€์—ญ๊ณต๋™์ฒด ํ™œ๋™๊ฐ€, ๋””์ž์ด๋„ˆ, ๊ฐ ์‹œ๊ตฌ๋™์˜ ๊ณต๋ฌด์›๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๊ณผ ํ•™์ƒ์ด ๋ชจ์—ฌ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋‚˜๋งˆ 10์›” 17์ผ ์‹ ์ฒญ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์—ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜์— ์™€ ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์˜ ์ƒํ™œ์— ์Šค๋ฉฐ๋“œ๋Š” ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ํ–ฅํ•œ ์ฒซ ๋งˆ์ค‘๋ฌผ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์ง€์ผœ๋ด ์ฃผ์…จ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธˆ๋ฒˆ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์„œ์šธ์‹œ๋Š” ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ๋””์ž์ธ ์ •์ฑ…์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•จ๊ณผ ๋™์‹œ์— ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฐ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ์ •์ฑ…์  ์˜์ง€์™€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋“ค์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ๋””์ž์ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด โ€˜์‹œ๋ฏผ์˜ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์‚ถโ€™์„ ์ง€ํ–ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ ํ•ด์™ธ๊ธฐ๊ด€๋“ค๊ณผ ์„œ์šธ๋””์ž์ธ์žฌ๋‹จ์˜ ๊ณต๋™์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐ ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์•ฝ์†ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ด€์‹ฌ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ณ  ์ข‹์€ ์˜๊ฒฌ ์ฃผ์‹œ๋ฉด ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ™˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฐ๊ธฐ ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•˜์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„œ์šธํŠน๋ณ„์‹œ์žฅ

INVITATION Greetings. I am the Mayor of Seoul Special City. A โ€˜city that is safe from crimeโ€™ is a common value that can be upheld only when all of us cooperate. Social costs that arise from crime reach an annual 20 trillion won. Most of the funds are used to implement follow-up measures for crime. Efforts to make our streets look beautiful and to attract many tourists are important. However, analyzing and preventing crime for a safe city is the first step towards further enriching the lives of citizens. Joint efforts were made by criminologists, behavioral psychologists, urban planning experts, local community activists, designers, as well as public officials, police officers, residents and students of each district and neighborhood. The Seoul International Crime Prevention Design Seminar will be held at the new government office building on October 17. I invite you to the seminar to witness the seminar serve as the first step towards creating design that truly blends into the daily lives of citizens. Seoul Special City will give a presentation on cases of crime prevention design policies and share information on the strong determination of cities across the globe to prevent crime and various relevant cases. In addition, a commitment will be made to engage in joint research and continued cooperation between the Seoul Design Foundation and overseas organizations that aim at providing better lives to citizens by conducting research on crime prevention design. I would greatly appreciate your high level of interest and ask you to share your precious insight. I wish you the very best of health. Thank you. Mayor of Seoul Special City


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Program


์—ฐ์‚ฌ์†Œ๊ฐœ Speakers

๋กœ๋ ˆ์ธ ๊ฐœ๋จผ Lorraine Gamman

์˜๊ตญ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ๋””์ž์ธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์„ผํ„ฐ ๋””๋ ‰ํ„ฐ Director of Design against Crime Research Centre in the UK

๋กœ๋ ˆ์ธ ๊ฐœ๋จผ์€ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์˜ˆ์ˆ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต(University of the Arts London) ์„ผํŠธ๋Ÿด์„ธ์ธํŠธ๋งˆํ‹ด ์˜ˆ์ˆ ๋””์ž์ธ๋Œ€ํ•™(Central Saint Martins (CSM) College of Arts and Design) ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ/์‚ฐ์—…๋””์ž์ธํ•™๋ถ€ (School of Graphic and Industrial Desig) ๋””์ž์ธํ•™๊ณผ ๊ต์ˆ˜ ์ด๋ฉฐ, 22๋…„๊ฐ„ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆ์ผ€์ด์…˜, ์ œํ’ˆ, ๊ณต๊ฐ„๋””์ž์ธํ•™๊ต(School of Communication, Product and Spatial Design)์— ๊ทผ๋ฌดํ–ˆ๋‹ค. 1999๋…„์— ์‹ค๋ฌด ์ฃผ๋„์ ์ธ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ๋””์ž์ธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์„ผํ„ฐ(Design Against Crime Research Centre, ์ดํ•˜ โ€œDACRCโ€)๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ•ด ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ PI ๋˜๋Š” Co-I ์™ธ๋ถ€ ์ž๊ธˆ์ง€์› ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•œ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋กœ๋Š” ๋””์ž์ธ ๊ธฐ์ค€์ ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ๋งค์žฅ ๋„๋‚œ๋ฐฉ์ง€ (๋‚ด๋ฌด๋ถ€, 2005-6), ๊ทธ๋ฆฌํŒŒ(Grippa, AHRC 2006-10), ๋ฐ”์ดํฌ์˜ค ํ”„(Bikeoff, ARHRC/EPSRC 2006-8) ๋“ฑ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ตœ๊ทผ์—๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”ผํ‹ฐ ๋‹ค์ด์–ผ๋กœ๊ทธ PI(PI on Graffiti Dialogues, ESRC 2011) ๋ฅผ ์ง€ํœ˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐœ๋จผ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋Ÿฐ๋˜ ๊ตํ†ต(Transport for London), ๋””์ž์ธ์œ„์›ํšŒ(Design Council), ์˜๊ตญ ๊ตํ†ต๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ(British Transport Police), ๋Ÿฐ๋˜ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ฒญ(Metropolitan Police), ์˜๊ตญ ๋ณด๊ฑด๊ตญ (National Health Service) ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜ ์™ธ๋ถ€ ๊ธฐ๊ด€๊ณผ ๋ณด์‰ฌ(Bosch), NCR, ์Šค์ฝ”ํ‹€๋žœ๋“œ ์™•๋ฆฝ์€ํ–‰(Royal Bank of Scotland) ๋“ฑ์˜ ๊ธฐ์—…์ด ์ž๊ธˆ์„ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋™ ์ง€ํœ˜ํ–ˆ ๋‹ค. DACRC์—์„œ์˜ ์—…์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋””์ž์ธ ํ˜์‹ ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ์ƒ์„ ์ˆ˜์ƒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์•„๋‹ด ์ˆ(Adam Thorpe)์™€ ๊ณต๋™์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜ ํ•™์ˆ  ์—…์ ์„ ๋‚ด๊ณ  20 ์—ฌ ๊ฐœ ๋””์ž์ธ ์ „์‹œ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐํšํ•œ ๊ฒƒ, ์Šคํ†ฑ ์‹œํ”„(Stop Thief) ์˜์ž, ์ผ€๋ฆฌ์„ธ์ดํ”„(Karrysafe) ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ, ๋ฐ”์ดํฌ ์˜คํ”„(Bikeoff) ๋„๋‚œ๋ฐฉ์ง€ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ์Šคํƒ ๋“œ ๋“ฑ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ตญ ๋‚ด๋ฌด๋ถ€(Home Office)์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ ํ…Œํฌ๋†€๋กœ์ง€ ์–ผ๋ผ์ด์–ธ์Šค(Design Technology Alliance, 2007-11)์˜ ์ผ์›์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ฌด์žฅ๊ด€์—๊ฒŒ ์ž๋ฌธ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ–ˆ ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ๋””์ž์ธํ˜‘ํšŒ(DesiningOut Crime Association) ๋ถ€ํšŒ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ํ™œ๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

6 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜

Lorraine Gamman is Professor of Design, School of Graphic and Industrial Design at Central Saint Martins (CSM) College of Arts and Design, part of the University of the Arts London (UAL), and has worked in the School of Communication, Product and Spatial Design for 22 yearsIn 1999 Gamman founded the practice-led Design Against Crime Research Centre at which she directs and has worked on numerous externally funded research projects as either PI or Co-I, including shoplifting (Home Office 2005-6), Grippa (AHRC 2006-10) Bikeoff (ARHRC/EPSRC 2006-8) which delivered design benchmarks, and more recently PI on Graffiti Dialogues (ESRC 2011). She has also co-delivered numerous research projects funded by many external bodies including Transport for London, the Design Council, the British Transport Police, the Metropolitan Police the National Health Service, and businesses including Bosch, NCR, the Royal Bank of Scotland amongst others. Her work with DACRC has won several awards for design innovation and together with Adam Thorpe she has delivered numerous academic outputs & co-curated over 20 design exhibitions as well as catalysing a number of DAC product ranges including Stop Thief chairs, Karrysafe bags &Bikeoff anti-theft bike stands. She was a member of the Home Officeโ€™s Design Technology Alliance (2007-11) that advised Britainโ€™s Home Secretary & continues to be Vice Chair of the Designing Out Crime Association.


์—ฐ์‚ฌ์†Œ๊ฐœ Speakers

์•„๋‹ด ์ˆ Adam Thorpe

์˜๊ตญ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ๋””์ž์ธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์„ผํ„ฐ ํฌ๋ฆฌ์—์ดํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ ๋””๋ ‰ํ„ฐ Creative Director of Design against Crime Research Centre in the UK

์•„๋‹ด ์ˆ์€ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ๋””์ž์ธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์„ผํ„ฐ(Design Against Crime Research Centre, ์ดํ•˜ โ€œDACRCโ€)์˜ ํฌ๋ฆฌ์—์ดํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ ๋””๋ ‰ ํ„ฐ๋‹ค. DACRC์™€ ์งˆ ๋‹จ๋„ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๊ณผํ•™์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ(Jill Dando Institute of Crime Science)์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์ด ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•œ AHRC/ EPSRC ํ›„์› ํฌํŠธํด๋ฆฌ์˜ค ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ๋ฐ”์ดํฌ์˜คํ”„ 2(Bikeoff 2)์˜ ์ˆ˜์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๊ด€์„ ์ง€๋‚ด๊ณ  DOCRC์—์„œ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์„ ์ €์ˆ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์—…๊ณ„์™€ ํ•™๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋””์ž์ธ ๋ฆฌ์†Œ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋Œ€์‘์  ๋””์ž์ธ(socially responsive design, SRVD)์œผ๋กœ ์„œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ์—ฐ๊ด€์ง“๋Š” ๋””์ž์ธ ๊ธฐ์ค€์ ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ƒ์„ ์ˆ˜์ƒํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ถ„์•ผ๋Š” ์‹ค๋ฌด ์ฃผ๋„์  ๋””์ž์ธ์œผ๋กœ, ๋””์ž์ธ ํ˜์‹  ๋ฐ ์ง€์‹์ „์ˆ˜์˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์‚ฌ ํšŒ ๋Œ€์‘์  ๋””์ž์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง€์‹๊ณผ ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ „ํŒŒํ•˜ ๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค.

Adam Thorpe is Creative Director of the Design Against Crime Research Centre (DACRC). He was Principal Investigator on the AHRC/EPSRC funded portfolio project Bikeoff 2 delivered with colleagues from both DACRC and the Jill Dando Institute of Crime Science. His work with the Centre includes the generation of academic papers, design resources for industry and education, also award winning design benchmarks that are linked to an account of design against crime as socially responsive design (SRVD). His research focus is practice-led and linked to the development of models of design innovation and knowledge transfer so that others can be inspired and informed about how best to deliver socially responsive design.

์—ฐ์‚ฌ์†Œ๊ฐœ Speaker 7


์—ฐ์‚ฌ์†Œ๊ฐœ Speakers

๋”๊ธ€๋ผ์Šค ํ†ฐํ‚จ Douglas Tomkin

ํ˜ธ์ฃผ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๊ทผ์ ˆ๋””์ž์ธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์„ผํ„ฐ ๋ถ€๊ต์ˆ˜ Associate Professor of Designing Out Crime Research Centre in Australia

๋”๊ธ€๋ผ์Šค ํ†ฐํ‚จ ๋ถ€๊ต์ˆ˜๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ, ํ™์ฝฉ, ์˜ค์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์ผ๋ฆฌ์•„์—์„œ ๋””์ž์ธ ๊ต์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ ํ•™์ž๋กœ ํ™œ๋™ํ•ด ์™”๋‹ค. ํ†ฐํ‚จ ๋ถ€๊ต์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ฐ•์˜ ์™€ ๋””์ž์ธ ์‹ค๋ฌด ์™ธ์—๋„ ์ œํ’ˆ ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐ ๋””์ž์ธ ํ—ˆ์œ„ํ‘œ์‹œ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์—์„œ ๋ฒ•์  ์ž๋ฌธ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค. 2009๋…„์— ์‹œ๋“œ๋‹ˆ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต(University of Technology Sydney)์™€ NSW ๋ฒ•๋ฌด๋ถ€(NSW Justice and Attorney General Department) ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๋™ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ•œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๊ทผ์ ˆ๋””์ž์ธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์„ผํ„ฐ(Designing Out Crime Research Centre)์˜ ์ฐฝ๋ฆฝํšŒ์›์ด๋ฉฐ, ์†Œ๋งค์ , ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ์ง€, ๊ตํ†ต์‹œ์„ค, ๋Œ€์ค‘์‹œ์„ค์˜ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ 50์—ฌ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด ์™”๋‹ค. UTS ๋””์ž์ธํ•™๊ต (School of Design at UTS) ๊ต์žฅ, ํ™์ฝฉ๋””์ž์ธํ˜์‹ ์„ผํ„ฐ (Hong Kong Design Innovation Centre) ์„ผํ„ฐ์žฅ, ๋Ÿฐ๋˜ RCA ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ํŽ ๋กœ์šฐ๋ฅผ ์ง€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค.

8 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜

Associate Professor Douglas Tomkin has worked as a design professional and academic in the UK, Hong Kong and Australia. In addition to teaching and designing he provides legal opinion in cases relating to product accidents and design misrepresentation. Douglas is a founding member of the Designing Out Crime Research Centre established in 2009 as a joint initiative between the University of Technology Sydney and the NSW Justice and Attorney General Department. He has been involved in over fifty projects designed to reduce the opportunity of crime in retail stores, housing estates, transport hubs and places of mass gathering. His employment positions include Head of the School of Design at UTS, Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Design Innovation Centre and Research Fellow at the RCA in London.


์—ฐ์‚ฌ์†Œ๊ฐœ Speakers

์†ก์ •์žฌ Jeong-jae Song

์„œ์šธํŠน๋ณ„์‹œ ๋ฌธํ™”๊ด€๊ด‘๋””์ž์ธ๋ณธ๋ถ€ ๋””์ž์ธ์ •์ฑ…๊ณผ์žฅ Director of Design Policy Division in Seoul Metropolitan Government

๋””์ž์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์น˜์œ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์„œ์šธ์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ ์š•์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ง„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” CPTED (Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design) ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ถ”์ง„์„ ์ด ๊ด„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์„œ์šธ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์•„์ง์€ ์ƒ์†Œํ•œ ์œ ๋‹ˆ ๋ฒ„์„ค ๋””์ž์ธ (Universal Design)๊ณผ ์—…์‚ฌ์ดํด ๋””์ž์ธ (Upcycle Design)์˜ ํ™•์‚ฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‹œ์ฑ…์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์„ ์ฃผ๋„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, DDP (Dongdaemun Design Plaza)์˜ ์šด์˜์ค€๋น„์™€ ๋””์ž์ธ์‚ฐ์—… ์ง€์› ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ์šด์˜์„ ์ด๊ด„ํ•˜ ๋Š” ๋ฆฌ๋”์ด๋‹ค. ์ „๋‚จ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต (Chonnam National University) ์—์„œ ํ–‰์ •ํ•™ (Public Administration)์„ ์ „๊ณตํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ํ”ผ์ธ ๋ฒ„๊ทธ์ฃผ๋ฆฝ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต (Pittsburg State University)์—์„œ MBA ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋งˆ์นœ ๊ทธ๋Š” 20์—ฌ๋…„๊ฐ„ ์„œ์šธ์‹œ ๊ณต๋ฌด์›์œผ๋กœ ์žฌ ์งํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ง„ํฅ, ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋ณต์ง€ํ–ฅ์ƒ, ๋ฌธํ™” ๋ถ€๋ฌธ์—์„œ ๋‹ค์–‘ ํ•œ ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๊ณผ ์‹œํ–‰์˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž๋กœ์„œ ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ์Œ“ ์•„์™”์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ˜„์žฌ ๋””์ž์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ณต์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ์งˆ์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ผ์— ๊ฐ๋ณ„ํ•œ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ์Ÿ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

The director is supervising the implementation of CPTED (Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design), a project that Seoul Metropolitan Government is executing with strong motivation in order to resolve social issues through design. He is also in charge of formulating various policies that are aimed at propagating universal design and upcycle design, which remains unfamiliar to Seoul citizens. He is taking the lead in making preparations for the operation of DDP (Dongdaemun Design Plaza) and supervising the execution of design industry support programs. He majored in public administration at Chonnam National University and completed an MBA program at Pittsburg State University in the US. Serving as a public official of Seoul Metropolitan Government for around 20 years, he gained extensive experience while managing the development and implementation of a wide array of policies related to economic promotion, improvements in citizen welfare, and culture. He is currently making strenuous efforts to enhance the quality of the urban environment and public services through design.

์—ฐ์‚ฌ์†Œ๊ฐœ Speaker 9





์‚ฌํšŒ ๋Œ€์‘์  ๋””์ž์ธ ๋ฐ ํ˜์‹ ์œผ๋กœ์จ์˜ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜ ์„ผํŠธ๋Ÿด์„ธ์ธํŠธ๋งˆํ‹ด ์˜ˆ์ˆ ๋””์ž์ธ๋Œ€ํ•™(Central Saint Martins (CSM) College of Arts and Design) ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ๋””์ž์ธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์„ผํ„ฐ(Design Against Crime Research Centre, ์ดํ•˜ โ€œDACRCโ€)๋Š” ๋””์ž์ธ๊ณผ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋ฅผ ๋‹ค ๋ฃจ๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ ๋””์ž์ธ๊ต์œก๊ธฐ๊ด€ ์‚ฐํ•˜ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์„ผํ„ฐ๋‹ค. 1999๋…„ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์˜ˆ์ˆ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต(University of the Arts London) ์„ผํŠธ๋Ÿด์„ธ์ธํŠธ๋งˆํ‹ด ์˜ˆ์ˆ ๋””์ž์ธ๋Œ€ํ•™(Central Saint Martins (CSM) College of Arts and Design)์—์„œ ์„ค๋ฆฝ ๋œ DACRC๋Š” ์ด์ „์— ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ, ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ ๊ด€ํ–‰, ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๊ณผํ•™ ์ฃผ๋„ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค. 2000๋…„์— ์˜๊ตญ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋””์ž์ธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต๋“ค๊ณผ ์˜๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€, ์ •๋ถ€๊ธฐ๊ด€์ธ ๋””์ž์ธ์œ„์›ํšŒ(Design Council)๋„ ๋””์ž์ธ๊ต์œก๊ณผ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ์„ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. (ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ธฐ๊ด€ ๋ฐ DACRC์˜ ํ™œ๋™ ๊ฐœ์š”๋Š” ํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์š”์•ฝ๋จ) 2012๋…„ ํ˜„์žฌ DACRC์˜ ํ™œ๋™์€ ๊ณ„์†๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋‚œ์ œ์˜ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ™œ๋™ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ํ™•๋Œ€ ๋ฐ ๋‹ค๊ฐํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. DACRC๋Š” ๋น…ํ„ฐ ํŒŒํŒŒ๋„ฅ(Victor Papanek)์ด ์ •์˜ํ•œ โ€œํ˜„์‹ค ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์ด์Šˆโ€1 ๋ฐ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์‚ฌํšŒ ํ˜์‹ ๊ณผ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ๊ฐ์†Œ ๋ฐ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์„ ์—ฐ๊ด€์ง€์Œ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ๋ถ„์•ผ๋ฅผ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์„ ๋„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. DACRC๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ฃผ๋„์  ๋””์ž์ธ๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ ํ˜์‹  ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐœ์ฒ™ํ•ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋””์ž์ธ ๊ธฐ์ค€์ ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์‹ค์ ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ์šด์˜ ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰(operational

capacity)๊ณผ ๋””์ž์ธ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์˜ ํ˜์‹  ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰(innovative capacity)์„ ๋†’์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ด€๋ จ ์ƒ์„ธ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ์•„๋‹ด ์ˆ(Adam Thorpe)๊ฐ€ ์ง€ํœ˜ ๋ฐ ํ”„๋ฆฌ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ดํฌ์˜คํ”„(Bikeoff) ์‚ฌ๋ก€์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋‹ค. DACRC ์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ ์ฒ ํ•™์€ ์‹ค๋ฌด ์ฃผ๋„ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋Œ€์‘์  ๋””์ž์ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ณผ์ œ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ณผ์ œ์—์„œ ๋Š” ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋ฅผ โ€œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๋ชจ์ˆœ๋˜๋Š” ๋ณต์ˆ˜์˜ ๋™์ธ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋‚œํ•ดํ•œ ๋ฌธ ์ œโ€2๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผํ•œ๋‹ค. DADRC๋Š” ๋””์ž์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ณ (design thinking)์™€ ๋””์ž์ธ ์‹ค๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์— ์œ ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋””์ž์ธ์ด ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ์ธก๋ฉด, ๋ฏธํ•™์  ์ธก๋ฉด์„ ํƒ€ํ˜‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋ฅผ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๋Š”๋‹ค. ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด DADRC๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž ์นœํ™”์ ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž ์นœํ™”์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ์€ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์‹ซ์„ ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ด‘ ๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์™€ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ ์ฃผ๋„์  ํ•„์š”์— ๋ถ€ํ•ฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.3 DACRC๋Š” 10์—ฌ ๋…„๊ฐ„ โ€œ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žฅ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ค„์ด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒโ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๋””์ž์ธํ•จ ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋””์ž์ธ ํ˜์‹ ๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์˜ ์„ฑ์ทจ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋กœ์„œ โ€œ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ(reframing)โ€4ํ•ด์™”๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ž ์ „๊ฑฐ ๋„๋‚œ์„ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ DADRC์˜ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋ฅผ ์ค„์ผ ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์„ ์žฅ๋ คํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ ๋„๋‚œ์„ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐœ์ธ ์žฌ์‚ฐ์˜ ๋„๋‚œ์„ ์ค„์ผ ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ์ž์œจ๊ถŒ

1

Papanek, V. (1985). Design for the Real World: Human Ecology and Social Change. London: Thames & Hudson.

2

Churchman, C. W. (1967). Wicked Problems. Management Science, 14 (4). Rittel, H., & Webber, M. M. (1984). Planning Problems are Wicked Problems. In N. Cross, Developments in Design Methodology (pp. 135-144). New York: John Wiley & Sons.

3

Gamman, L and Thorpe, A. 2009. Less is More โ€“ What Design Against Crime Can Contribute To Sustainability, Built Environment, Sustainability via Security: A New Look, Vol. 35, No. 3. 403- 417.

4

Schรถn, D. 1983.The Reflective Practitioner: How Professionals Think in Action. New York: Basic Books.

๊ธฐ์กฐ์—ฐ์„ค Keynote Speech 13


์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ธธ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. DADRC์˜ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ๊ฑฐ์น˜๋Œ€๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌํŒŒ(Grippa) ํด๋ฆฝ ์€ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์ค„์ด๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ(์˜ˆ: ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์ด๋‚˜ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๋„๋‚œ๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ)์— ๋ฐ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋””์ž ์ธ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ, ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์žฅ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ(์˜ˆ: ์ ‘๊ทผ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฆ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ์˜ ๊ตํ†ต์ˆ˜๋‹จ) ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ์€ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ, ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ, ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋„์‹œ์™€ ์‚ฌํšŒ ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€๋ จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฐ„ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์—์„œ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•ด ์˜จ ์งˆ ๋‹จ๋„ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๊ณผํ•™์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ(Jill Dando Institute of Crime Science)์˜ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์˜ ๋„์›€๊ณผ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ฒญ(Metropolitan Police)์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์ „๋ฌธ์ง€์‹์ด ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด DACRC๊ฐ€ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ์ด๋งŒํผ ๋ฐœ์ „์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ๋””์ž์ธ๊ต์œก์— ํ†ตํ•ฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ DACRC์˜ ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ• ์€ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๊ณผํ•™ ๋ฐ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์ƒ์ดํ•  ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ง€ํ–ฅํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์€ ๋™์ผ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ DACRC๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๋งฅ๋ฝ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋””์ž์ธ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋†’์—ฌ ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ๊ฐ์†Œ/์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ํ˜์‹ ์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋•Œ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ณด์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” DACRC์˜ โ€œ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž, ์˜ค์šฉ์ž, ํ•™๋Œ€์ž ์ค‘์‹ฌ์  ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•โ€์ด ๋ณต์ˆ˜์˜ ์ดํ•ด๋‹น์‚ฌ์ž ๋ฐ ๋‹ด๋‹น์ž์™€์˜ โ€œ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์  ํ˜์‹ โ€5 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค์— ์ ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ํ–‰๋™ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋””์ž์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ โ€œ๊ฐ€๋ถ€์žฅ์  ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•โ€์ด๋ผ๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” โ€œํ˜•์ œ์• ์  ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•โ€์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง€๋ฉฐ, ํ•„์š”์™€ ๊ฒฝํ—˜๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ๋ณ€ํ™” ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค์— ํˆฌ์ž…๋ผ ํ˜์‹ ์ ์ธ ๋””์ž์ธ ์†”๋ฃจ์…˜๊ณผ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋˜๊ณ  ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ƒํ™œ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค. DACRC๋Š” ์ด ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•์ด ๋””์ž์ธ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ• ์—์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์  ํ˜์‹ ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•จ์— ์žˆ์–ด ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ํ–‰์œ„์ž๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ด„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ๋…์ž์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๋Š”๋‹ค. ์ด ๋•Œ ํ–‰์œ„์ž๋Š” ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž์˜ ์ฐฝ์˜์„ฑ์€ ์ž์‚ฐ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜6 ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ DACRC๋Š” ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ๊ฐ์†Œ/์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ ํ˜์‹ ์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์ด ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๋Š”๋‹ค. DACRC๋Š” ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋Š” ๋‹จ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฐ•ํ•ด์ง€๋ฉฐ, ์ฐธ์—ฌ์  ๋””์ž์ธ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ์ „๋ฌธ์ง€ ์‹์„ ๋ณด์™„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌธํ™”์  ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๋Š”๋‹ค. DACRC๋Š” ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๊ณณ, ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋„์›€์„ ๊ตฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณธ๋‹ค.

๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ์˜ ์งง์€ ์—ญ์‚ฌ DACRC๋Š” 1998/9๋…„์— ์„ผํŠธ๋Ÿด์„ธ์ธํŠธ๋งˆํ‹ด์— ์„ค๋ฆฝ๋๋‹ค. ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์˜ˆ์ˆ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต(University of Arts London)์™€ ๋…๋ฆฝ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์œ„์›ํšŒ๋“ค์˜ ํˆฌ์ž ์ง€์›์„œ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ž…์ฐฐ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ชจ๊ธˆ๋œ ์ž๊ธˆ์œผ๋กœ ์šด์˜๋๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๋”” ์ž์ธ ์ž‘์—…์€ ์˜๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€ ๋ฐ ์˜๊ตญ ๋””์ž์ธ์œ„์›ํšŒ์˜ ์ง€์›์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค. ๋””์ž์ธ์œ„์›ํšŒ๋Š” 2000๋…„์— ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๊ฐ์†Œ

5

Thorpe, A., Gamman, L., Ekblom, P., Johnson, S., & Sidebottom, A. (2010). Bikeoff 2: Catalysing Anti Theft Bike, Bike Parking and Information Design for the 21st Century: An Open Innovation Research Approach. In T. Inns (Ed.), Designing for the 21st Century, Vol. 2L Interdisciplinary Methods and FIndings (Vol. 2, pp. 238-258). Farnham: Gower.

6

McKnight, J. and Kretzmann, J. (1996) Mapping Community Capacity. Northwestern University. <http://www. northwestern.edu/ipr/publications/papers/mcc.pdf>

14 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ(Crime Reduction Programme)์˜ ์ผํ™˜์œผ๋กœ DACRC์˜ ์‹ค๋ฌด ์ฃผ๋„์  ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ™œ๋™์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ œํ•œ์  ์ž ๊ธˆ์ง€์›์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ ๋ฐ” ์žˆ๋‹ค. DACRC๋Š” ๋””์ž์ธ์œ„์›ํšŒ์˜ ์ž๊ธˆ์ง€์›์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ€๋ผ๋…ธ์™€ ๋ฐ”๋ฅด์…€๋กœ๋‚˜์—์„œ ์ „์‹œ โ€˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์œ ํ˜นํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ(Donโ€™t Tempt Me (2001)โ€™๋ฅผ ๊ธฐํšํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋””์ž์ธ์œ„์›ํšŒ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ DACRC๊ฐ€ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์บ๋ฆฌ์„ธ์ด ํ”„(Karrysafe) ๋„๋‚œ๋ฐฉ์ง€ ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ๊ณผ ์žกํ™” ์ œํ’ˆ๊ตฐ(2002)์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ž๊ธˆ์„ ์†Œ์•ก ์ง€์›ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋””์ž์ธ ์œ„์›ํšŒ์˜ ์‹œ์žฅ ์ฃผ๋„์  ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•์€ ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ์–ธ๋ก ์˜ ์ฃผ๋ชฉ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์œ„์›ํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฌธ์— ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž ์ธ(Design Against Crime) ๊ณ„ํš์„ ๊ธ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ ˆ์‹คํžˆ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ •๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋””์ž์ธ์œ„์›ํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•œ โ€œ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธโ€ ๊ณต์ ์ž๊ธˆ์˜ ์ƒ๋‹น ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์ƒํผ๋“œ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต(University of Salford)์™€ ์‰ํ•„๋“œํ• ๋žŒ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต(University of Sheffield Hallam, http://www.designagainstcrime.org์„ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ•˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ํ˜„์žฌ ํ™œ๋™์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์Œ), ํ—ˆ๋”์ฆˆํ•„๋“œ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต(University of Huddersfield) ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์— ๊ฒŒ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ”๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ธฐ๊ด€๋“ค์€ 2001๋…„, 2002๋…„, 2003๋…„์— ์ฐธ์—ฌ์  ๋””์ž์ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ ์ž‘์„ฑ์„ ์˜๋ขฐ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ž๊ธˆ์€ ์™•๋ฆฝ์˜ˆ์ˆ ํ•™ํšŒ(Royal Society of Arts)๋กœ ์ง€์›๋ผ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๊ฐ์†Œ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋””์ž์ธ์ƒ(Design Awards)์„ ์ˆ˜์—ฌํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ ์ „์—ญ์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ๋Œ€ํšŒ์— ์ž๊ธˆ์„ ์ง€์›ํ•ด ํ•™์ƒ ๋””์ž์ด๋„ˆ๋“ค์ด ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋…ธํŠธ๋ถ, ํ˜„๊ธˆ์ธ์ถœ๊ธฐ, ๋ฐฐ๋‚ญ, ๋ณ‘์›, ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ๊ฑฐ์น˜๋Œ€ ๋“ฑ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๋„๋ก ์žฅ๋ คํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ •๋ถ€ ์ž๊ธˆ์€ 2003๋…„์— ๊ณ ๊ฐˆ๋์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋””์ž์ธ์œ„์›ํšŒ๋Š” ํ•ด๋‹น ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ์ฒ ์ˆ˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ ์ฃผ๋„์  ๊ณ„ํš์€ โ€œ๋””์ž์ธ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์•ˆ์ „(Secured by Design)โ€์ด๋‚˜ โ€œํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ(Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design)โ€ ๊ต์œก์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ์ง€๋ฐฉ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์˜ ๊ด€ํ–‰ ๋“ฑ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ๋””์ž์ธํ˜‘ํšŒ(Designing Out Crime Association)์˜ ์ž๊ธˆ ์ง€์›์„ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋ชจ๋ฒ”๊ด€ํ–‰์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•ด ์ „ํŒŒํ•˜ ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์€ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ, ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๊ณผํ•™๊ณ„, ์ง€์—ญ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์™€์˜ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•์„ ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” DACRC์™€๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๋””์ž์ธ์œ„์›ํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ณผ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ์—†์ด ๋””์ž์ธ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค๊ณผ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ด€ํ–‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์ž๋ฌธ ๊ฐ€(CPDA)๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์šฐ๋ ค๋ฅผ ํ‘œ๋ช…ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋””์ž์ธ์œ„์›ํšŒ๋Š” ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ๋ถ€๋ฌธ์—์„œ ์ฒ ์ˆ˜ํ–ˆ์œผ๋‚˜, 2003๋…„ DACRC๋Š” ๊ด€๋ จ ํ™œ๋™์„ ๊ฐ€์†ํ™”ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. DACRC๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋””์ž์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก , ๋ฆฌ์†Œ์Šค, ๋…ผ๋ฌธ, ์ œํ’ˆ ๋“ฑ์„ ๋‚ด๋†“์•˜๋‹ค. ๊ฐœ๋จผ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ๋””์ž์ธํ˜‘ํšŒ์˜ ๋ถ€ํšŒ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ํ™œ๋™ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ด๋‹น ํ˜‘ํšŒ๋Š” ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐ ๋ชจ๋ฒ”๊ด€ํ–‰์„ ๊ณต ์œ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ์ž„์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ ์ฃผ๋„ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์ฒด๋‹ค. ๊ฐœ๋จผ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ž๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜‘ํšŒ ํ™œ๋™์„ ๊ณ„์† ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฐœ์ „์€ 2007๋…„์— NSW ๋ฒ•๋ฌด๋ถ€(NSW Department of Justice and Attorney General) ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๋“œ๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต(University of Technology Sydney)์— ํ˜ธ์ฃผ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๊ทผ์ ˆ๋””์ž์ธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์„ผํ„ฐ(Desining Out Crime Research Centre) ์„ค๋ฆฝ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ๋„์ž…ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด โ€œ๋Ÿฐ๋˜ ์„ผํŠธ๋Ÿด์„ธ์ธํŠธ๋งˆํ‹ด์˜ ์—ฐ ๊ตฌ์„ผํ„ฐ ๋“ฑ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์„ผํ„ฐ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์˜๊ฐ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค.โ€๊ณ  ๋ฐํ˜”์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” DACRC์—๊ฒŒ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ณ ๋ฌด์ ์ธ ์ผ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. 2008๋…„ 8์›” ์‹œ๋“œ๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต๋Š” ์ž…์ฐฐ์—์„œ ์„ ์ •๋˜์–ด 3๊ฐœ๋…„ ์ž๊ธˆ์ง€์›์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๊ทผ์ ˆ๋””์ž์ธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์„ผํ„ฐ (DOC-RC)๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์†Œํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ํ‚ค์Šค ๋„์ŠคํŠธ(Kees Dorst) ๊ต์ˆ˜์™€ ๋”๊ธ€๋ผ์Šค ํ†ฐํ‚จ(Douglas Tomkin) ๊ต์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์„ผ ํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ด๋Œ์—ˆ๋‹ค. 2009๋…„์— DOC-RC๋Š” DACRC์˜ ๊ฐœ๋จผ, ์ˆ, ์—ํฌ๋ธ”๋กฌ(Ekblom) ๊ต์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ˜ธ์ฃผ๋กœ ์ดˆ๋น™ํ•ด ๋””์ž ์ธ ๊ต์œก, ์—ฐ๊ตฌ, ๋ฐœ์ „์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•ด ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์š”์ฒญํ–ˆ๋‹ค. 2012๋…„์— DOC-RC์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์†์  ์ž๊ธˆ์ง€์›์•ˆ์ด ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋œ

๊ธฐ์กฐ์—ฐ์„ค Keynote Speech 15


๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ๊ฐœ๋จผ, ์ˆ, ์—ํฌ๋ธ”๋กฌ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋กœ ์ž„๋ช…๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ DACRC/DOC-RC๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹œ๊ธฐ (2007๋…„ 6์›”) ์˜๊ตญ ๋‚ด๋ฌด๋ถ€๋Š” ๋””์ž์ธ์œ„์›ํšŒ ์ž๊ธˆ์ง€์›์„ ์žฌ๊ฐœํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ๋‹ค. 2007๋…„์—์„œ 2011๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ๋””์ž์ธ์œ„์›ํšŒ๋Š” โ€˜๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ๋””์ž์ธ(Designing Out Crime)โ€™ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ ์„ ์žฌ๊ฐœํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‹ ๊ทœ ์ž๊ธˆ์ง€์› ๋ฐ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋Œ€ํšŒ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ „๋ฌธ ๋””์ž์ธ ์ปจ์„คํŒ…๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ์žฅ๋ ค ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋””์ž์ธ์œ„์›ํšŒ๋Š” ๋‚ด๋ฌด๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด 150๋งŒ ํŒŒ์šด๋“œ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ์‹คํ–‰๊ณ„ํš์„ ์กฐ์œจํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ํ™œ์šฉ ํ•ด ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฌธ์ œ, ํŠนํžˆ ์ Š์€์ด์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์€ ๋””์ž์ธ์œ„์›ํšŒ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ(http://www.designcouncil.org.uk/our-work/challenges/ security/design-out-crime/)์— ์‚ฌ๋ก€์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ ๊ฒŒ์žฌ๋˜์–ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ ๊ทœ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์€ ๋””์ž์ธ์œ„์› ํšŒ/๋‚ด๋ฌด๋ถ€์— ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๋Œ€(Alliance)์˜ ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๋ฉฐ, ํ•ด๋‹น ์ž๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๋””์ž์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” 5๊ฐœ ๋ถ„์•ผ๋ฅผ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ–ˆ๋‹ค. 5๊ฐœ ๋ถ„์•ผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ํ•™๊ต(Schools) : ์กด ์†Œ๋  ๊ฒฝ(Sir John Sorrell), ์ œํ’ˆ(Products): ์กฐ ๋งฅ๊ธฐํ•œ ๊ต์ˆ˜(Professor Joe McGeehan), ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ(Housing): ์ผ„ ํ”ผ์ฆˆ ๊ต์ˆ˜(Professor Ken Pease), ์•Œ์ฝ”์˜ฌ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„(Alcohol-related crime): ์ œ๋ ˆ๋ฏธ ๋งˆ์ด์–ด์Šจ ๊ต์ˆ˜(Professor Jeremy Myerson), ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ๋ฒ”์ฃ„(Business Crime): ๋กœ๋ ˆ์ธ ๊ฐœ๋จผ ๊ต์ˆ˜(Professor Lorraine Gamman). ๋ณด์ˆ˜๋‹น์ด ์ง‘๊ถŒํ•˜์ž โ€œ์ค€ ์ •๋ถ€๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชจ๋‹ฅ๋ถˆ(bonefire of the quangos)โ€ ๋‚ด๋Ÿฌํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ7๊ฐ€ ๋„์ž…๋˜๊ณ  ๊ธด์ถ•์ •์ฑ…์ด ์‹œํ–‰๋๊ณ , ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ •๋ถ€ ์ž๊ธˆ์ด ๊ณ ๊ฐˆ๋ผ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์€ 2011๋…„ ์ค‘๋‹จ๋๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ์˜๊ตญ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๋””์ž์ธ์œ„์›ํšŒ์™€ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ๋””์ž ์ธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์— ์ž๊ธˆ์„ ์ง€์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. ์ดํ›„ ๋””์ž์ธ์œ„์›ํšŒ๋Š” CABE์™€ ํ•ฉ๋ณ‘๋ผ ๋“ฑ๋ก ์ž์„ ๋‹จ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. (http://www.designcouncil.org.uk/our-work/cabe/ ์ฐธ์กฐ) DOCA๋Š” ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ํ™œ๋™ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, 2011๋…„๊ณผ 2012๋…„์— ์ฃผ์š” ํ™œ๋™์ด ์น˜์•ˆ ์œ ์ง€ ํ™œ๋™์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๋ฉด์„œ ํšŒ์› ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ค„์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ธฐ์กด ํšŒ์›๋“ค์€ DACRC, ๋””์ž์ธ์œ„์›ํšŒ, ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ์˜นํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์ฒด๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ํ™œ๋™์„ ์ „๊ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. 1999๋…„ ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ DOCA ํฌ๋Ÿผ์€ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ด€, ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€, ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž, ๊ต์ˆ˜, ๋„์‹œ๊ณ„ํš ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€, ๊ณต๋™์ฒด ๋ณด์•ˆ๊ด€, ์กฐ๊ฒฝ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€, ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ์œ„ํ—˜ ๋ฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ปจ์„คํ„ดํŠธ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๊ด€๋ จ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์™€ ์‹ค๋ฌด์ž์—๊ฒŒ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ผ์˜์˜ ์žฅ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋””์ž์ธ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์•ˆ์ „(Secured by Design, SBD)์€ 1999๋…„ ๊ฒฝ์— ์„ค๋ฆฝ๋์œผ๋ฉฐ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์„œ์žฅํ˜‘ํšŒ(Association of Chief Police Officers)๊ฐ€ ์ง€ํœ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์œผ๋กœ ์šด์˜๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์€ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ์ง€ ๋ฐ ์ฃผ์ฐจ ์žฅ ๋“ฑ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋ฐ ๋ณด์•ˆ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์›์น™์„ ์ง€์› ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, CPTED๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊ณผ ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์˜ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ ์ฃผ๋„ ๊ธฐ๊ด€๊ณผ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๋กœ๋ ˆ์ธ ๊ฐœ๋จผ(Lorraine Gamman), ์•„๋‹ด ์ˆ(Adam Thorpe) ๊ธฐ์กฐ ํ”„๋ฆฌ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜(๋ณธ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ํ•จ)์€ ๋กœ๋ ˆ์ธ ๊ฐœ๋จผ ๊ต์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ž„.

7

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-11538534 ์ฐธ์กฐ

16 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


Design Against Crime as Socially Responsive Design and Innovation The Design Against Research Centre (DACRC) at Central Saint Martins (CSM) College of Arts and Design, London was the first research centre within UK design education to address design and crime. It emerged at Central Saint Martins College of Arts and Design, University of the Arts London (UAL) in 1999 and built upon previous scholarship, police practice and crime science led initiatives. In 2000 other UK design education colleges and even the UK Government and one of its institutions, the Design Council, also became involved in connecting design education to crime prevention briefs (a short history of this involvement and DAC itself is summarised later). In 2012 DACRC activities at UAL continue, and have expanded and diversified to meet other societal challenges in addition to crime. Overall, the centre still leads the DAC field by ultimately connecting crime reduction/prevention to social innovation linked to what Victor Papanek called โ€œreal world issuesโ€1 and projects. DACRC have pioneered an approach to research-led design and social innovation that has created significant design benchmarks and research outputs. In regard to some crime scenarios it has also increased the operational capacity of those individuals and organizations engaged in crime prevention as well as the innovative capacity of the design community, as the Bikeoff case study and others led and presented by Adam Thorpe will identify and outline. DACRCโ€™s design philosophy is linked to a practice-led socially responsive design research agenda that posits crime scenarios as wicked problems2 with multiple, and sometimes contradictory, drivers that are complex to address or resolve. Our understanding is that design thinking as well as design practice may be usefully applied within crime prevention. Also, that design can and should address crime reduction without compromising functionality and other aspects of performance, or aesthetics. In everyday language, DACRCโ€™s account is that secure design has to be user-friendly whilst abuser-unfriendly. It doesnโ€™t have to โ€œlook criminalโ€ or ugly, and needs to serve broad community-led (as well as policing) needs3. For over a decade DACRC have been โ€œreframingโ€4 crime problems as opportunities for design innovation and achievement of societal objectives by talking about and designing โ€œwhat we want more of, as well as what we want less ofโ€. Reduction of cycle theft, for example, in our context of approach, becomes an opportunity to promote cycling as well as reduce crime. Similarly, reducing bag theft becomes an opportunity for personal empowerment and enjoyment of public space as 1

Papanek, V. (1985). Design for the Real World: Human Ecology and Social Change. London: Thames & Hudson.

2

Churchman, C. W. (1967). Wicked Problems. Management Science, 14 (4). Rittel, H., & Webber, M. M. (1984). Planning Problems are Wicked Problems. In N. Cross, Developments in Design Methodology (pp. 135-144). New York: John Wiley & Sons.

3

Gamman, L and Thorpe, A. 2009. Less is More โ€“ What Design Against Crime Can Contribute To Sustainability, Built Environment, Sustainability via Security: A New Look, Vol. 35, No. 3. 403- 417.

4

Schรถn, D. 1983.The Reflective Practitioner: How Professionals Think in Action. New York: Basic Books.

๊ธฐ์กฐ์—ฐ์„ค Keynote Speech 17


well as a reduction of personal property theft. In this way our secure cycle parking stands or Grippa clips attempt to design for communities and what they want more of (e.g. accessible and enjoyable urban mobility) as well as to design against those outcomes communities want less of (e.g. like getting our bags or bikes stolen when trying to make our way around the city). Design against crime, here, is ultimately concerned with supporting sustainable cities and social justice, as well as delivering objects, systems and services that promote crime reduction. The Design Against Crime Research Centre would not have been able to go forward and to take this initiative into design education without the core intelligence and expertise of the Metropolitan Police and crime scientists from the Jill Dando Institute of Crime Science (at University College London) with whom we work in partnership on many projects. DACRCโ€™s approach, however, often differs to our colleagues from crime science and crime prevention. Whilst we all want to deliver crime reduction, DACRC also want to better understand the design context, including the social context and improve it for the better by marrying crime reduction/prevention to social innovation by design. Here, the user, mis-user and abuser centered methodologies of DACRC, which can be linked to specialist and expert information, are applied to an โ€œopen innovationโ€5 research process with multiple stakeholders as well as duty holders. This ensures a fraternalistic rather than paternalistic approach to design for behaviour change where more voices, linked to need and experience, enter the change process to help develop innovative design solutions and services, as well as secure and sustainable ways of living. DACRC believes its approach is unique because in utilizing open innovation in our design and research approaches we have been able to include many actors in addressing crime scenarios; including criminals whose creativity we draw upon linked to an assets based6 approach. Finally, our view is that crime reduction/prevention married to social innovation by design is the best way forward. It understands that together communities are strong and that participatory design processes can compliment crime prevention expertise and help deliver cultural change. Our point is that to successfully design against crime we need all the help we can get to make the world a little better and also to make it sustainable, by design.

Short History - Design Against Crime The Design Against Crime Research Centre was founded at Central Saint Martins in 1998/9. It is primarily funded by the University of the Arts London and by monies raised by competitive tender linked to peer reviewed funding applications to independent research councils. Some early

5

Thorpe, A., Gamman, L., Ekblom, P., Johnson, S., & Sidebottom, A. (2010). Bikeoff 2: Catalysing Anti Theft Bike, Bike Parking and Information Design for the 21st Century: An Open Innovation Research Approach. In T. Inns (Ed.), Designing for the 21st Century, Vol. 2L Interdisciplinary Methods and FIndings (Vol. 2, pp. 238-258). Farnham: Gower.

6

McKnight, J. and Kretzmann, J. (1996) Mapping Community Capacity. Northwestern University. <http://www. northwestern.edu/ipr/publications/papers/mcc.pdf>

18 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


design work of the centre was also supported by the British Government and the UK Design Council, who as part of the national Crime Reduction Programme provided limited funding in 2000 for DACRC at CSM to deliver practice-led research e.g. for the curation of the Donโ€™t Tempt Me (2001) exhibition that showed in Milan and Barcelona. Also the Design Council provided a little development funding to DACRC for the first Karrysafe anti theft bag and accessories product range (2002). Its market led approach won considerable press attention much needed by the Design Council to help them positively launch their Design Against Crime initiative in the public sphere. The bulk of public funds managed by the Design Council for the Government to โ€œDesign Against Crimeโ€, however, went to colleagues from the Universities of Salford and Sheffield Hallam (who also formed a centre http://www.designagainstcrime.org but which seems very inactive today) and Huddersfield. These institutions were not funded to engage in practiced design research but were asked to deliver major research reports on the subject of Design Against Crime in 2001, 2002 and 2003. Some monies also went to the Royal Society of Arts who were also funded to deliver student Design Awards under the Crime Reduction Programme, which funded national and open design competitions promoted across the UK to inspire student designers to have a go at creating crime-resistant laptops, cash machines, rucksacks and hospitals, bikes parking.. This government funding dried up in 2003 and the Design Council withdrew from the field. Police-led initiatives aimed at identifying and disseminating best practice such as Secured by Design or those delivered by local community police trained in โ€œCrime Prevention Through Environmental Designโ€ were not funded through this programme (nor was the Designing Out Crime Association), and so continued in their own way. Indeed, the police via the crime prevention design advisors (CPDAs) expressed concern about the Design Councilโ€™s engagement of design professionals without clear links back to policing, unlike the way DACRC operate i.e. in partnership approach with the police, crime science and local communities. In 2003, although the Design Council withdrew from the design against crime project space, the Design Against Crime Research Centre at Central Saint Martins continued and accelerated its activities; delivering significant design methodologies, resources, academic publications and products. Professor Gamman also continued to act as Vice Chair to the Designing Out Crime Association, a police led professional body that meets regularly to share case studies and best practice about how best to design out crime. Gamman continues to work for DOCA on a voluntary basis. Other important development occurred too. In 2007 the NSW Department of Justice and Attorney General launched an initiative to establish an Australian Designing Out Crime Research Centre at the University of Technology Sydney. He said this was โ€œinspired by other similarly established Research Centers, such as the one at Central Saint Martins College of Arts and Design in Londonโ€, which pleased us very much. In August 2008 the University of Technology Sydney won the tender and inaugurated a Designing Out Crime Research Centre (DOC-RC) with funding for three years, led by Professors Kees Dorst and Douglas Tomkin. In 2009 DOC-RC at UTS invited Gamman, Thorpe and Ekblom from DACRC to Australia to contribute to its design teaching,

๊ธฐ์กฐ์—ฐ์„ค Keynote Speech 19


research and brief development. In 2012, when continued funding of the DOC-RC was announced, Gamman, Thorpe and Ekblom were appointed visiting research associates, and DACRC/DOC-RC continue to work in partnership where possible. Around the same time (June 2007) the UK Home Office announced they would recommence funding of the Design Council. Between 2007-2011, the Design Council re-branded their efforts as the renamed โ€˜Designing Out Crimeโ€™ programme, and identified that one of their aims was to engage professional design consultancies with the new funding and via competitions in the designing out crime agenda. The Design Council went on to co-ordinate a ยฃ1.6millon plan of action for the Home Office and to use design to develop new solutions to a wide range of crime-related problems, particularly those which affect young people. All are written up as open access case studies on the Design Council website: http://www.designcouncil.org.uk/our-work/challenges/ security/design-out-crime/. The new programme was guided by an Alliance of advisors reporting to the Design Council/Home Office, who were tasked to tackle five areas where design could help to prevent crime: Schools (Sir John Sorrell), Hot Products (Professor Joe McGeehan), Housing (Professor Ken Pease), Alcohol-related crime (Professor Jeremy Myerson) and Business Crime (Professor Lorraine Gamman). The programme ceased in 2011 when Government funding ran out linked to austerity measures introduced by the new Conservative Government who also launched their โ€œbonfire of the quangosโ€ narrative7. Today the British Government no longer funds the Design Council and its Design Out Crime Programme; indeed the Design Council has since merged with CABE to become a registered charity (see http://www.designcouncil.org.uk/ our-work/cabe/). The UKโ€™s Designing Out Crime Association (DOCA) continues though and cuts to policing in UK in 2011 and 2012 have effected its membership. Nevertheless, its existing members deliver related crime prevention activities entirely independent from DACRC, the Design Council and other advocates of designing out crime. The DOCA forum which emerged in 1999 continues to provide a forum for Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design professionals and practitioners including police officers, architects, crime researchers, university lecturers, town planners, community safety officers, landscape architects, and crime risk and research consultants. Secured By Design (SBD) also emerged around 1999 and remains as a UK Police flagship (led by the Association of Chief Police Officers). This initiative supports the principles of designing out crime by use of effective crime prevention and security standards for a range of contexts including housing and car parks and has some links with other police led organizations in USA and Canada who deliver CPTED. by Lorraine Gamman and Adam Thorpe Keynote Presentation (based on this paper) will be given by Prof Lorraine Gamma 7

See discussion: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-11538534

20 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


๊ธฐ์กฐ์—ฐ์„ค Keynote Speech 21


22 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


๊ธฐ์กฐ์—ฐ์„ค Keynote Speech 23


24 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


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26 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


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28 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


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30 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


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32 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


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34 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


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36 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


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38 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


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40 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


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42 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


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44 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜




๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ(Design Against Crime)์€ 10์—ฌ ๋…„ ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ˜์‹ ์ ์ธ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ , ๊ตญ์ œ์  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ๋ฒ”ํ•™๋ฌธ์  ๋””์ž์ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐ ์‹ค๋ฌด ๋ถ„์•ผ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์˜ˆ์ˆ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต(University of the Arts London) ์„ผํŠธ๋Ÿด์„ธ์ธํŠธ๋งˆํ‹ด ์˜ˆ์ˆ ๋””์ž์ธ๋Œ€ํ•™(Central Saint Martins (CSM) College of Arts and Design) ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ ๋ฐฉ๋””์ž์ธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์„ผํ„ฐ(Design Against Crime Research Centre, ์ดํ•˜ โ€œDACRCโ€)์˜ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ 5๊ฐœ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š”๋‹ค.

โ€ข ๋ชฉ์ ๊ณผ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์ œํ’ˆ, ์„œ๋น„์Šค, ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆ์ผ€์ด์…˜, ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์™€ ์ด์˜ ๋ถ€์ •์  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ฅผ ์ค„์ธ๋‹ค. โ€ข ๋””์ž์ธ ์‹ค๋ฌด์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ธ์ง€์ , ์‹ค๋ฌด์  ํˆด๊ณผ ๋ฆฌ์†Œ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค. โ€ข ์ œ์กฐ์—…๊ณ„, ์„œ๋น„์Šค์—…๊ณ„, ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ •๋ถ€, ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€, ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌํšŒ ์ „๋ฐ˜์— ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์ , ์ƒ์—…์  ํšจ์ต์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ณ  ํ™๋ณดํ•œ๋‹ค. โ€ข ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๊ณ  ๊ฐœ์ธ๊ณผ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์˜ ๋ณต์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ธฐ์กด ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์™€์˜ ๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ์„ ์—†์•ค๋‹ค. โ€ข ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ฑ๊ณต์  ๋””์ž์ธ ๊ด€ํ–‰์„ ์ „ํŒŒํ•œ๋‹ค.

DACRC ๋Š” ์œ„ ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ์ง€ํ–ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋””์ž์ธ ๊ด€ํ–‰์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋””์ž์ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐ ํ˜์‹  ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ํ•ด ์™”์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค์—๋Š” ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ์ด์Šˆ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณต์ˆ˜์˜ ํ•™๊ณผ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ๊ด€(์‚ฌํšŒ์  ํ–‰์œ„์ž)๊ฐ€ ๊ด€์—ฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๋Š” ์ด๋ก ์  ์ง€์‹์„ ๋””์ž์ธ ๊ด€ํ–‰์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” โ€˜์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ฃผ๋„์  ๊ด€ํ–‰โ€™๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์กด ์ง€์‹์„ ์‹ค๋ฌด์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ก ๊ณผ ์‹ค์ œ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๋Š” โ€˜์‹ค๋ฌด ์ฃผ๋„์  ์—ฐ๊ตฌโ€™๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ฉํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ โ€˜์ด์ค‘ ๋…ธ์„  (twin track)โ€™ ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ํ–‰์œ„์ž๊ฐ€ ๋””์ž์ด๋„ˆ์™€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž์™€ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ง€์‹๊ณผ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์ž์‚ฐ์„ ๊ณต์œ , ํ†ตํ•ฉ, ์žฌํ†ตํ•ฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํ™œ๋™์€ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์›ํ˜•ํ™”, ์‹œํ—˜, ํ‰๊ฐ€, ๋ฐ˜๋ณต ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ, ์ดํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ๋””์ž์ธ ๋ฆฌ์†Œ์Šค(design resources) ์™€ ๋””์ž์ธ ๊ฒฌ๋ณธ(design exemplars)์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋””์ž์ธ ๋ฆฌ์†Œ์Šค๋Š” ๋””์ž์ธ์—…๊ณ„ ๋‚ด์˜ ํ˜์‹  ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ• ๋ฐ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์€ ๋””์ž์ธ ์‹ค๋ฌด์ž์™€ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์‚ฌํšŒ ์  ํ–‰์œ„์ž๊ฐ€ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด ์ค€๋‹ค. ๋””์ž์ธ ๊ฒฌ๋ณธ์€ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ์‹ค๋ฌด์ž์™€ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๊ด€๋ จ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ํ–‰์œ„์ž์˜ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ๋ฐ ์ด์˜ ๋ถ€์ •์  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๊ณ  ๋ณต์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์šด์˜ ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ• ๋ฐ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•์€ โ€˜์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ, ์˜ค์šฉ, ๋„์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œโ€™์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ์ด์Šˆ ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ฉฐ, โ€˜์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ˜‘์—…์  ํ˜์‹ ์— ์žˆ์–ด ๋””์ž์ด๋„ˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„์  ์ฐฝ์กฐ์ž์—์„œ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ์‚ฌ ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ์ง‘๋‹จ์—์„œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž๋กœ ์ง„ํ™”ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.โ€™1 ์ด ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•์€ ์•„์›ƒ์‚ฌ์ด๋“œ ์ธ(outside in) ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์  ํ˜์‹ ๊ณผ ์ธ์‚ฌ์ด๋“œ ์•„์›ƒ(inside out) ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ ์  ํ˜์‹ ๊ณผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ, ํ•™๋ฌธ, ๋””์ž์ธ ํ˜์‹ ์˜ โ€˜๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์  ํ˜์‹ โ€™2 ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค. ์•„์›ƒ์‚ฌ์ด๋“œ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์  ํ˜์‹ ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธํŒ€ ์™ธ๋ถ€์˜ ์ž…๋ ฅ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์—ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์—ด๋ ค ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ธ์‚ฌ์ด๋“œ ์•„์›ƒ 1

Thackara, J. (2005) In the Bubble: Designing in a Complex World. MA: MIT Press.

2

Chesbrough, H. et al (2006) Open Innovation: Researching a New Paradigm. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

์˜๊ตญ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of the UK 47


๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์  ํ˜์‹ ์—์„œ๋Š” ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์™€ ํ†ต์ฐฐ๋ ฅ์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์™ธ๋ถ€๋กœ ์ „ํŒŒ๋ผ ์™ธ๋ถ€์ธ์˜ ํ™œ๋™์— ์ ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ ‘ ๊ทผ๋ฒ•์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ํ–‰์œ„์ž๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณต์ˆ˜์˜ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ๋Œ€์‘์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์ผ€ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋•Œ์˜ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ๋Œ€์‘์€ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ ๋งฅ๋ฝ, ๊ฐ€์šฉํ•œ ์ž์‚ฐ, ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ํ–‰์œ„์ž๋งŒํผ์˜ ์ž ์žฌ์  ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ง€์‹์˜ ํ™œ์šฉ, ๋งฅ๋ฝ์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€์‘์— ๋”ํ•˜์—ฌ DACRC์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์ , ํ˜‘์—…์  ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ํ˜์‹  ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•์€ ๋ฌธํ™”์ , ํ–‰๋™์  ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. โ€˜ํ•˜ํ–ฅ์‹โ€™ ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ โ€˜์ƒํ–ฅ์‹โ€™ ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋Œ€์ค‘์˜ ํ˜‘์—…์  ํ•ฉ์˜3์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ โ€˜๋„›์ง€(nudge)โ€™ ๋””์ž์ธ4์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ด ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•์€ ๋‹น๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ โ€˜๊ฐ€๋ถ€์žฅ์ฃผ์˜โ€™๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ํ•œ ํ–‰๋™ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” โ€˜ํ˜•์ œ์• โ€™5๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋ถ€์žฅ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š” ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ๋„๋‚œ, ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ ๋„๋‚œ, ATM ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์— ์žˆ์–ด DACRC๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•œ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•จ ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์˜๊ตญ์˜ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ์„ค๋ช…๋œ ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•œ๋‹ค.

์•„๋‹ด ์ˆ(Adam Thorpe), ๋กœ๋ ˆ์ธ ๊ฐœ๋จผ(Lorraine Gamman)

3

Dewey, J. (1927) The Public and its Problems. Athens: Ohio University Press.

4

Thaler, R.H. & Sunstein, C.R. (2008) Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness. Yale University Press.

5

Gamman, L. And Thorpe, A. (2011) Design with society: Why socially responsive design is good enough. CoDesign Journal. Volume 7, Issue 3-4. pp. 217-230.

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Design Against Crime is an interdisciplinary area of design research and practice that has been developed over more than a decade of innovative national and international research collaboration. At the Design Against Crime Research Centre, Central Saint Martins College of Arts and Design, University of the Arts London, our work has five overarching aims: โ€ข To reduce the incidence and adverse consequences of crime through design of products,

โ€ข โ€ข

โ€ข โ€ข

services, communications and environments that are โ€˜fit for the purposeโ€™ and contextually appropriate; To equip design practitioners with the cognitive and practical tools and resources to design out crime; To prove and promote the social and commercial benefits of designing out crime to manufacturing and service industries, as well as to local and national government, and society at large; To address environmental complicity with crime in the built environment to reduce crime and improve individual and community well being. To transfer successful design practice to address other societal challenges

Via reflective design practice in pursuit of these aims, DACRC has iteratively developed a design research and innovation process that involves multiple disciplines and multiple agencies (social actors) in addressing crime issues. We call this process the โ€˜twin trackโ€™ approach as it combines two strands of activity; research led practice that applies research insights to design practice, and practice led research that identifies research questions by applying existing knowledge to practice and identifying knowledge gaps. Diverse social actors work with designers and researchers to share, synthesise and recombine knowledge and other assets to deliver design resources and design exemplars that are prototyped, tested, evaluated, iteratively developed and implemented to tackle crime. The design resources build and develop innovative capacity within the design community enabling design practitioners (and other societal actors) to (co) design against crime. The design exemplars build and develop operational capacity amongst crime prevention practitioners (and other societal actors concerned to reduce the incidence and adverse consequences of crime and improve wellbeing). This approach understands crime issues as โ€˜complex systems [that] are shaped by all the people who use [misuse and abuse] themโ€™ and, acknowledges that โ€˜in this new era of collaborative innovation, designers are having to evolve from [solely] being the individual authors of objects or buildings, to [acknowledge their role as] being the facilitators of change among large groups of people.โ€™6

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The approach constitutes an โ€˜open innovationโ€™7 model of research, scholarship and design innovation linked to both outside in open innovation, where the project is opened up to inputs and contributions from outside the core project team and inside out open innovation, where ideas and insights go outside the project for others to employ in their activities. This approach has been seen to deliver multiple and plural responses to crime problems led by diverse social actors. Responses that are potentially as diverse as the contexts of crime that they address, assets available and actors involved. As well as leveraging diversity of knowledge and addressing diversity of context DACRCโ€™s open and collaborative approach to anti crime design innovation contributes to infrastructuring cultural and behavioural changes that can contribute to crime reduction. It is important that such โ€˜nudgeโ€™ design8 is delivered with the collaborative consent of the public(s)9 via a โ€˜bottom upโ€™ as well as โ€˜top downโ€™ approach. This approach avoids โ€˜paternalismโ€™ that denies agency to individuals and replaces it with a โ€˜fraternalismโ€™10 that has been shown to lead to sustainable behaviour change. This paper will illustrate the approach described above in the UK context by sharing cases of projects delivered by DACRC in address to bike theft, bag theft and ATM crime. Adam Thorpe and Lorraine Gamman

6

Thackara, J. (2005) In the Bubble: Designing in a Complex World. MA: MIT Press.

7

Chesbrough, H. et al (2006) Open Innovation: Researching a New Paradigm. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

8

Thaler, R.H. & Sunstein, C.R. (2008) Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness. Yale University Press.

9

Dewey, J. (1927) The Public and its Problems. Athens: Ohio University Press.

10

Gamman, L. And Thorpe, A. (2011) Design with society: Why socially responsive design is good enough. CoDesign Journal. Volume 7, Issue 3-4. pp. 217-230.

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52 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


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54 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


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56 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


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58 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


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60 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


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62 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


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64 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


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66 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


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68 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


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70 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


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72 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


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74 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


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76 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


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78 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


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80 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


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82 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


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84 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


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86 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜




๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ์œ ๋ฐœ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋‹ค ์ง€๋‚œ 5๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๊ทผ์ ˆ๋””์ž์ธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์„ผํ„ฐ(Designing Out Crime Research Centre)๋Š” ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ๊ด€ ๋ จ ์ด์Šˆ์— ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋””์ž์ธ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•ด ์™”๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์„ผํ„ฐ๋Š” ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋‚˜ ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌํšŒ์  ํ–‰๋™์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€์ ์— ์„œ ์ง€์—ญ ๋‹น๊ตญ, ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ, ๋งค์žฅ ์†Œ์œ ์ฃผ, ์ฃผํƒ๊ฑด์„ค์‚ฌ, ๊ตํ†ต๋ถ€์„œ์™€ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•ด ์™”์œผ๋ฉฐ, 5๋…„๊ฐ„ 50์—ฌ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์™„๋ฃŒํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์€ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋Š” ์ฐฉ์ทจ๋‚˜ ํ•™๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋Š” ์ถฉ๋™์ ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž๋Š” ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋ฅผ ์ €์ง€๋ฅด ๊ธฐ ์ „ํ•ด ์˜์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์˜์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ ์กฐ๊ฑด ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ–์ถฐ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ๋“œ๋ฌผ๋‹ค.

โ€ข ์†์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ ‘๊ทผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Œ€์ƒ โ€ข ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž๋‚˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ์˜ ์ค‘๋… โ€ข ์œ ์ง€๋ณด์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ โ€ข ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋‚˜ ์†Œ์œ ์ฃผ์˜ ํ†ต์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ โ€ข ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž ์ ๋ฐœ ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ์ ์€ ์ƒํ™ฉ โ€ข ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž, ๋ฌด๊ธฐ, ๋„๋‚œ ๋ฌผํ’ˆ์„ ์ˆจ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์— ์ข‹์€ ์žฅ์†Œ โ€ข ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž๊ฐ€ ๋„ํ”ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” 1๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋„ํ”ผ๊ฒฝ๋กœ

๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์ž‘์—…์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋งค์žฅ ์†Œ์œ ์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ ๋„๋‚œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค ๋˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ด ๋„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ทจ๊ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์šฐ๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๋ฃจ์–ด๋ณด์•„ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ฌธ์ œ์—๋งŒ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ๋“œ๋ฌผ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ถ€ ์„ฑ๊ณต ์‚ฌ๋ก€์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๋Š” 9๊ฐœ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋” ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค. 9๊ฐœ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

โ€ข ์ด์Šˆ์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ด๋ ฅ, ํ˜„์žฌ ์ƒํ™ฉ, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™€ ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค. โ€ข ์ง์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋น„๋กฏํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ธ๋‹ค. โ€ข ์ด์Šˆ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ๋Œ€์ƒ, ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ž, ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฒฐ์ • ์ž, ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์žฅ์†Œ์™€ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ž๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ๋‹ค. โ€ข ๋” ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•œ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ณต๋™์ฒด ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€, ๋ณด๊ฑด ๋ฌธ์ œ, ์‹ค์—…, ๊ตํ†ต ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ด์Šˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€, ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋„๋กœ๋‚˜ ๋…น์ง€์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ธํ”„๋ผ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ์ง€ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค. โ€ข ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ด€์ ๊ณผ ๋ชจ์ˆœ์„ ๋‚˜์—ดํ•œ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์š”์ธ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€?

ํ˜ธ์ฃผ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of Australia 89


โ€ข ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์ ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ด๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†๋‹ค. ๋†’์€ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์˜์‹, ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์„ฑ๊ณต, ํฅ๋ฏธ ๋กœ์šด ์ง€๋ฆฌ์  ํŠน์„ฑ, ๋งค๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ์—ญ์‚ฌ ๋“ฑ์„ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. โ€ข ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ด€์ ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ์ด์Šˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฉด์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ณ , ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์žฅ์†Œ์— ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํฅ๋ฏธ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ™œ๋ ฅ์„ ๋”ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์œ„์— ๋‚˜์—ด ๋œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ์œ ๋ฐœ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ์ด ๊ด€์ ์„ ๋Œ€์กฐํ•ด ๋ณธ๋‹ค. โ€ข ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ, ๊ณต๊ฐ„, ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋””์ž์ธ ์ „๋ฐ˜์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ด€์ ์„ ์‹œ๊ฐํ™”ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ณ ๊ฐ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์—ฌ ์ค„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ ์ „ํ›„ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ•ด ์„ค๋“๋ ฅ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ”„๋ฆฌ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์„ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค. โ€ข ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋“ค์„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ๋ช…์‹œํ•œ ์ œ์•ˆ์„œ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์—๊ฒŒ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“  ์ดํ•ด๋‹น์‚ฌ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ํ•ด๋‹น ์ œ์•ˆ์„ ๋ฐœ ํ‘œํ•œ๋‹ค. (์œ„ 3๋‹จ๊ณ„)

์œ„ ๋””์ž์ธ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒŒ์žฌ๋œ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ฃผ์†Œ : www.designingoutcrime.com

๋”๊ธ€๋ผ์Šค ํ†ฐํ‚จ(Douglas Tomkin) Douglas.tomkin@uts.edu.au

90 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


Reshaping Design Crime Prone Environments Over the part five years the Designing Out Crime Research Centre has employed a new design process on a variety of crime related issues. The Centre works with local authorities, the police, shop owners, housing agencies and transport departments where crime or anti-social behaviour occurs. Over fifty projects have been completed during this period. A key to designing out crime is considering the factors that contribute to creating a crime prone environment. Crime happens where an opportunity for exploitation or mistreatment exists. Most crime is impulsive, with offenders consciously or unconsciously assessing the local setting before acting-out the crime. It is unusual for a crime to occur without one of the following to be present: โ€ข A readily available target โ€ข Intoxication of offender or target โ€ข Poorly maintained spaces โ€ข A lack of community or owner control of an area โ€ข Reduced risk to the offender being detected โ€ข Places for concealment for the offender, weapons or stolen goods โ€ข One or more escape routes for the offender

A designing out crime task always starts with a problem, usually a very specific one such as a shop owner worried about theft of batteries or police concerned about drunks on a city street. In our experience it is unusual for a solution to be forth coming by focusing solely on the problem as described by the client. The process we have used with some success requires nine distinct steps, the aim is to better understand the issues and devise solutions on the basis of that understanding. The steps are: โ€ข Appreciate the history of the issue, how has the current situation arisen, in what way does

the present differ from what went before โ€ข Seek out associated problems that may not have been in the brief, including problems that may not be directly crime related โ€ข Identify all who might be impacted by the issue; the targets of the crime, those who deal with the fallout, the decision makers, and anyone who might interact with the space where the crime occurs. โ€ข Explore the wider context - what is going on in the wider community; are there other issues such as poor health, unemployment, lack of transport. Does the area lack amenities such as bike tracks or green areas.

ํ˜ธ์ฃผ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of Australia 91


โ€ข Spell out the conflicts, apposing views and inconsistencies. What issues have prevented the โ€ข โ€ข

โ€ข โ€ข

problem been solved to date? Identify the positive. Few situations are all negative, there maybe a good community spirit, economic success, interesting geography or fascinating history Create new perspectives. Without being over concerned with the crime issues think about changes that build on the positives and if possible add new interests and excitement to the spaces where the crimes are occurring. Check these perspectives against the crime prone environment listed above. Visualize the new perspectives through the design of objects, spaces, and systems. Create an engaging presentation with before and after images to present to the client Handover the proposal to the client clearly outlining the next steps. Present the proposal to all the stakeholders (stage 3 above)

Check the website : www.designingoutcrime.com for case studies using the above design process. Douglas Tomkin Douglas.tomkin@uts.edu.au

92 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


ํ˜ธ์ฃผ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of Australia 93


94 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


ํ˜ธ์ฃผ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of Australia 95


96 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


ํ˜ธ์ฃผ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of Australia 97


98 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


ํ˜ธ์ฃผ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of Australia 99


100 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


ํ˜ธ์ฃผ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of Australia 101


102 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


ํ˜ธ์ฃผ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of Australia 103


104 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


ํ˜ธ์ฃผ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of Australia 105


106 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


ํ˜ธ์ฃผ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of Australia 107


108 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


ํ˜ธ์ฃผ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of Australia 109


110 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


ํ˜ธ์ฃผ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of Australia 111


112 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


ํ˜ธ์ฃผ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of Australia 113


114 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜




๋„์‹œ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ๋ ฅ์€ ์ŠคํŽ™ํƒ€ํดํ•œ ๋„์‹œ๊ฒฝ๊ด€๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋„์‹œ์™€ ์ฐจ๋ณ„ํ™” ๋˜๋Š” ์‹ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฌธํ™”์  ์ฒดํ—˜์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ๋„ ๋†’ ์•„์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ ๋„์‹œ ์•ˆ์—์„œ์˜ ์ผ์ƒ์„ ์˜์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์‹ค์ƒํ™œ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ์ด ์ขŒ์šฐ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ”์ฃ„, ๊ณ ๋ นํ™”, ์–‘๊ทนํ™”, ์ž์‚ด, ํ™˜๊ฒฝ, ์ธ๊ถŒ ๋“ฑ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ ˆ์‹คํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋””์ž์ธ ์˜ ์“ฐ์ž„์„ ๋”์šฑ ๋” ๊ตฌ์ฒดํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„œ์šธ์‹œ๋Š” ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ๋””์ž์ธํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ณธ๊ฒฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฒˆ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์„œ์šธ์‹œ๋Š” ๋””์ž์ธ์ด๋ž€ ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์œผ๋กœ, ์–ด๋Š ์ˆœ๊ฐ„ ๋งˆ์„์˜ ๋‚˜์ด๋ฅผ ์žŠ๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๋‹ฌ๋™๋„ค ํ•œ ๊ณณ๊ณผ, ๊ธ์ •์  ์ž๊ทน์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌด๊ธฐ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ผ์ƒ์„ ์ด์–ด๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ๋น„๊ต์  ๋งŽ์€, ํ•™๊ต ํ•œ ๊ณณ์„ ๋“ค์—ฌ๋‹ค ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์˜ˆ์ „ ์†Œ๊ธˆ์ฐฝ๊ณ ์˜ ๋ช…์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ธ์‹ฌ ์ข‹์€ ๋™๋„ค๋ถ€์ž์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐ”์œ„์˜ ์ „์„ค์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ๊ธˆ ๋“ค๋ ค์ฃผ๊ณ , ํ•™๊ต์—์„  ๋ถ€์กฑํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ •์„œ์  ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ์ž๊ทน์„ ์ผ๊นจ์›Œ ์•„์ด๋“ค์˜ ์ž…์—์„œ โ€˜๋Œ€๋ฐ•~โ€™์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์ข‹์•„๋ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๊ธฐํšํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘์„ ์—ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฒˆ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์˜์˜๋Š” ์‚ฌํ›„์กฐ์น˜์—์„œ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์œผ๋กœ, ๊ฐ์‹œ์—์„œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ, ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š”, ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ณผ์ •์œผ๋กœ์˜ ํŒจ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค์ž„ ์ „ํ™˜์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ์™„์„ฑ๋œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฌผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งค๋“ญ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ์—ผ๋ฆฌ๋™ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์ž์น˜์œ„์›์žฅ๋‹˜์˜ ๋ง์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ, ์ž˜ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ๊ทธ๋ฆ‡์— ์ข‹์€ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋‹ด์„, ์•ž์œผ๋กœ์˜ ์–ด๋ ต๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ์„ค๋ ˆ์ด๋Š” ์ผ, ๊ณต์ง„์ค‘ํ•™๊ต์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ถ€์žฅ๋‹˜์˜ ๋ง์ฒ˜ ๋Ÿผ, ๋” ๋ฐ์•„์ง„ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์•„์ฃผ ์กฐ๊ธˆ์”ฉ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์ง€์ผœ ๋ณผ ์„ค๋ ˆ์ด๋Š” ์ผ, ์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ โ€˜์„ค๋ ˆ์ž„โ€™ ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋„ค์˜ ๊ณ ๋‹จํ•œ ์„œ์šธ์‚ด์ด์— ์ž‘์€ ํฌ๋ง๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

์†ก์ •์žฌ (Song Jeong-jae) sjj@seoul.go.kr

์„œ์šธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of Seoul 117


A cityโ€™s competitiveness can be enhanced by a spectacular urban landscape as well as unique, exciting cultural experiences. However, the quality of life of people who live in the city depends on fundamental issues they experience in their daily life. Seoul Metropolitan Government fully launched the Project to Root Out Crime by Design to more effectively use design as a means to resolving urgent social issues such as crime, an aging population, polarization, suicide, the environment, and human rights. Through this design-centered project, Seoul Metropolitan Government took a closer look at a poor hillside neighborhood that has existed for many years and a school where there is a relatively high number of children who live their daily lives without any enthusiasm due to the lack of positive stimulation or motivation. Residents of the neighborhood learned about the great reputation enjoyed by a former salt warehouse in the area and a legend about the gaebawi (dog rock) that involves a rich, generous man in the neighborhood. At the school, elements that enlivened the spirit of the students and revitalized the environment were introduced. The first step involved planning a space that the students were impressed with, so much so that they โ€˜awedโ€™ with fascination. The projectโ€™s significance is with making a paradigm shift from follow-up measures to prevention; from surveillance to interest; from unilateral creation to joint creation; and from outcome to process. Both cases have not come to a complete end. As mentioned by the chairperson of the Communal Committee of Yeomni-dong, there is a difficult but exciting task remaining, which is to fill up the quality โ€˜bowlโ€™ weโ€™ve created with something good. There is also the exciting task of witnessing how the students steadily change in a brighter environment, as mentioned by the research director of Gongjin Junior High. These two exciting prospects will give us hope and anticipation as we deal with the hustles and bustles of daily life in Seoul. Song Jeong-jae sjj@seoul.go.kr

118 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


์„œ์šธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of Seoul 119


120 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


์„œ์šธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of Seoul 121


122 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


์„œ์šธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of Seoul 123


124 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


์„œ์šธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of Seoul 125


126 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


์„œ์šธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of Seoul 127


128 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


์„œ์šธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of Seoul 129


130 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


์„œ์šธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of Seoul 131


132 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


์„œ์šธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of Seoul 133


134 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


์„œ์šธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of Seoul 135


136 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


์„œ์šธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of Seoul 137


138 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


์„œ์šธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of Seoul 139


140 ์„œ์šธ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋””์ž์ธ ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜


์„œ์šธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ Cases of Seoul 141


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