[EM]BRION A N T U N G O
A
B I O T E C H N O L O G Y
R E S E A R C H
F A C I L I T Y
T H É S E N E W S C H O O L
O F
I N T E R I O R
2 0 2 0
A R C H I T E C T U R E
A R C H I T E C T U R E
A N D
D E S I G N
P R O G R A M
A c k n o w l e d g m e n t
I would like to express my deepest appreciation and indebtedness to my parents, siblings & thomas My deepest gratitude to professor jorge ozorno & elena pacenti Their contributions are sincerely appreciated and gratefully acknowledged.
thank you, an tú ngô
P R E F A C E Each time species goes extinct, the world around us unravels a bit. The consequences are profound, not just in those places and
for
those
species
but
all
of
us.
These
are
tangible
consequential losses, such as crop pollination and water purification, but also spiritual and cultural ones.
With the tremendous rate of species extinction, scientists and researchers all over the world are together finding methods to protect the endangered species. The thesis pivots on the possibility
of
a
rehabilitation
abandoned
fortress
structure
method in
Saint
for
a
175-year-old
Petersburg
into
a
beneficial and valuable destination that is explicitly dedicated to a state-of-the-art global biotechnology research facility where researchers can inhabit and collaborate.
01 THE ISSUE
02 SITE
C O N T E N T S
03 CASE STUDY
04 PROPOSITION
05 DESIGN PROGRAMS
06 ARCHITECTURE PLANS
07 SPECIFICATIONS
08 3D - MODELING
09 THE BEGINNING OF THE NEW ERA
01
S O C I A L I S S U E
01
41%
Amphibians
33%
Reef Corals
F A C T S 3 0 , 0 0 0 + S P E C I E S A R E T H R E A T E N E D W I T H E X T I N C T I O N
Mammals
Conifers
That is 27% of all assessed species
Our planet is currently losing biodiversity at a similar rate when the dinosaurs vanished, occurring 65 million years ago (Worrall, 2020). Along with rapid development in human civilization, the unavoided domino effect impact of extinction in species contributes to an unraveling of cultural and social relationships that disperses into the world, leading to the next mass extinctions causing unpredicted chaos.
25%
34%
Birds
14%
Sharks and Rays
Selected Crustaceans
30%
27% 02
D E C L I N A T I O N - E X T I N C T I O N It is a fact that declination in species happens faster than it can restore or adapt
itself,
and
the
consequences
will
significantly
damage
human
civilization and the planet. These are tangible consequential losses, such as crop pollination, water purification, but it also affects spiritual and cultural
ones.
Contrary
to
the
previous
mass
extinction
events
of
geological history, the current extinction (also known as the Sixth mass extinction) is evoked by one single species - humans (WWF Panda, 2020).
R U S S I A
F E D E R A T I O N
A C T S
Russia has made a significant move in gene-editing technology with $1.7 billion, aiming to develop 20-gene-edited plant and animal varieties by 2027
(Downtoearth,
2020).
The
Russian
Federation
occupies
a
vast
territory of 17 million km2, making it the world's largest country in terms of area with the most diverse ecosystems. The entirely natural ecosystems of Russia and their biological diversity are conserved in 15,000
specially
protected
natural
territories
of
various
statuses,
occupying more than 10% of the country's area (SCDB, 2020).
03
02
S I T E On account of Russian's advanced technology and skills in genetics biotechnology, the proposing site is situated in the Gulf of Finland. Twenty miles to the West of Saint Petersburg, existing an abandoned naval fortress on a man-made island called Fort Alexander, also known as [The Plague Fort].
04
THE PLAGUE FORT ФОРТ «ИМПЕРАТОР АЛЕКСАНДР I» SAINT PETERSBURG, RUSSIA Coordinates
59° 59′ 22.51″ N 29° 43′ 4.25″ E Opened 1845 Function Fortification Controlled by Russia In use 1845–1917
Be it war or plagues, Fort Alexander I continue to find a way to protect, against being forgotten and neglected. Nonetheless, there are unavoidable existing challenges, restrictions and risks; yet the undeniable potential, value and historical aspects of Fort Alexander I are not meant to be abandoned and deteriorated.
05
T H E
P L A G U E
F O R T
HISTORY TIMELINE
CURRENT STATUS
BACTERIOLOGY RESEARCH WAREHOUSE FOR WEAPONS MILITARY USE
The fort was constructed in 1838-45 under the project of engineer-colonel Carbonjer and Moris Dastrem on an artificial island in the Finnish Gulf close to Kronshtadt.
It was used as a warehouse of mines and ammunition and was expelled from the military register of fortresses in 1896.
FACILITY
January 26, 1897, the fort was handed to the Institute of Experimental Medicine for the organization of the plague laboratory.
In 1917 the laboratory was closed; its equipment was removed. The fort was fallen into the military’s hands again. There were various warehouses and naval guardhouse. Now the fort is abandoned and deserted.
PHASE IV
PHASE III
PHASE II
PHASE I
1845
1896
1897
1917 06
I S L A N D 15
FO RT
A-11 8
t r a n s p o r t a t i o n
S I T E
A N A L Y S I S
K OT L I N
S MILE
8 A-11
ALE XAN DER
P E T ERG O F
20 I
MIL ES
S A I N T
CR U ISE
P U L KOV O
By
Boat
By
car
-
-
20
miles
Highway
from
A-118
Saint
-
15
P E T E R S B U R G
T E R M I N A L S
A I R P O R T
Petersburg
miles
07
R E L A T I O N S H I P S
S I T E
A N A L Y S I S
K OT L I N
I S L A N D
F A M OUS F O R T
K R O N S H T A D T A
2 4 0 M
F O R T
F O R T
C O U N T
D E S T I N A T I O N S
F O R T
A L E X A N D E R
P E T E R
I
I
F O R T
M I L Y U T I N
P A U L
I 08
F O R T
K R O N S H L O T
D E N S I T Y
A N A L Y S I S S I T E
K O T L I N
I S L A N D
S T . P E T E R S B U R G D A M
A R E A
W I T H
D E N S I T Y
09
S T U D I E S
A N A L Y S I S
S I T E
S I T E
11 AM
6 AM 3 PM
N
S N
S N
S
10
03
C A S E
S T U D Y
11
N O
M A N ' S
F O R T
Completed in 1880, No Man’s Fort is located in the South of England. It was initially intended to defend Portsmouth from the threat of a French invasion.
ISLAND HOTEL
No Man’s Fort offers 23 luxurious bedrooms. Each room has its unique character and style and has been stunningly reconstructed to make the most of the Fort’s historic charm.
75347 SQFT
OFFERS IN THE REGION OF £4.25M.
12
04
[ E M ] B R I O N ' S P R O P O S I T I O N The [EM]BRION Project aims to carry on the missions to protect species by reviving the plague fort to become the Embryo of The World with stateof-the-art biotechnology research facility where global researchers access, merge in and explore new methods and knowledge. Our approach is to connect the past, present, and future of humanity. An abandoned historical site can now become the embryo of biotechnology science, where it will empower future generations.
13
B I O T E C H N O L O G Y ' S P A N D E M I C A N
T U
R O L E
I N
E R A
N G O
72
STATUS ONLINE
HEART RATE
In 2020, the unexpected wave of the pandemic called Covid-19,
biotechnologist dedicate their
knowledge to solve the puzzle of the unknown. The Covid-19 pandemic could mark the beginning of
36°
the ‘biotech century.’ The promise of “The Biotech Century” is to have a deeper understanding between humans and
TEMPERATURE
ZOONOTIC DISEASES AND THEIR MECHANISMS OF TRANSMISSION (FIGURE MADE BY ICHIKO SUGIYAMA; INFORMATION FROM THE LONDON SCHOOL OF HYGIENE AND TROPICAL MEDICINE (2017); THORNTON, 2017).
animals biological so new treatments can be developed faster, cheaper, and with fewer failures.
COVID-19
DAY
ISOLATION
081
SNACK LEVELS DATE 03/13/2020
CRITICAL
LOCATION SAN DIEGO
14
05
D E S I G N P R O G R A M S
15
Design Goals
Massing
Form
[Existing
+
Non-existing] kotlin island view
St.petersbu rg dam view
ADAPTABILITY
EFFICIENCY
GOOD WAY-FINDING
INCREASED PRODUCTIVITY
People Loading & Unloading Main Entrance
Resources Loading & Unloading Zone
fort peter 1 view
secondary opening
RELATIONSHIPS CONTEXT
USER EXPERIENCE
FUNCTIONALITY
TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION
secondary opening
Petrodvortsovy District view
Level
4
-
[The
Soul]
Garden
Level
3
-
[The
Nest]
Units
In order to provide convenience and maximize researcher's working ability, dwelling units are programmed and set up as a cosy community in the historical building where the quality of space brings the residents closer to nature. By integrating a collection of units and spaces that are renovated to support researcher's everyday needs. Spaces where there is comfort and freely networked, without hierarchery, without statuses, leads to an emacipated vision of living and working relationships.
Level
2
-
[The
Gen]
Circulation Diagram North View
This floor is dedicated to enhancing the user's health and wellbeing during their stay by incorporating entertainment area and fitness for those who need. The garden promotes the authentic experience where users have the opportunity to interact with nature by freeing 2/3 of the space for an outdoor garden. The area focuses and enhances healing for the souls and spirits of inhabitants.
Axometric diagram - Side view
P R O G R A M M I N G
ocean view
Lab
The Gen Lab is a unique environment where experiments are being conducted and tested. The designs are pushed to create research laboratories that are responsive to current and future needs that encourage interaction among scientists from various disciplines. Collaboration space and lab supported areas are designed to help support researchers and to facilitate partnership developments.
Level
1
-
[The
Root]
Gallery
The purpose of the public exhibition is to demonstrate the complexities of biotechnology material in living organisms. Along with cutting-edge interactives, 3D models, custom animations, and engaging videos of real-life experience, the gallery examines the benefits and the challenges that genomics presents to modern society. Visitors will find themselves immersed in an interactive and revolutionary space that communicates the stories of genomics as an area that provides the public with a new perspective and possibilities for the future of our planet.
Horizontal
Vertical
Circulation
Circulation
[Pathway
(Elevator
+
+
Hallway
+
Skywalk]
Stairs)
16
Researchers
and
Scientists
P R O G R A M
U S E R S
Researchers are the main inhabitants of the site. The design of the space has carefully taken inhabitant’s physically and mentally wellness into considerations. The importance of inhabiting spaces is to push innovations from the worldwide researchers to solve the puzzle of extinction and declination in species. There are working space, relaxing space, work out space, playing space and resting space to serve beyond human’s basic needs.
Visitors
and
Tourists
Everyone deserves to know, to feel, and to see all sides of the sciences and learn more about science. Such as the existing issues, benefits of biotech, and how far humans have come along in this age. The project's purpose is to feed their curiosity, provide and spread the knowledge among our society. Besides tourists, the project also focuses on the researcher's family visiting, mailman, maintenance workers, and transporters.
Robots
Robots have been taking into considerations for supporting the activities in the building. The jobs will no longer involve human touches, such as preparing kitchen food, cleaning duty, and scouting. This reduces employees the chances of infection and transmission between social interaction. Three types of robots are supporting the space, such as cleaning robots, scouting robots, and food-preparing robots arms with dedicated areas for robot storage, robot maintenance, and suitable circulation route.
17
06
A R C H I T E C T U A L P L A N S
18
P L A N S I T E
TOTAL GROUND FLOOR AREA: 188,300 SF GROSS FLOOR AREA:116,344 SF [29,086 SF each]
19
HELIPAD
P L A N
EXPOSEDÂ STRUCTURE PERGOLA
SHIP PORTS
S I T E
GLASS WALKWAY SIGNAL TOWER
ENTRANCE
PLANTATION
PLANTATION+ SEATING
20
F L O O R P L A N S
Level
1
-
[The
Root]
Gallery
Level
2
-
[The
Gen]
Lab
Level
3
-
[The
Nest]
Units
Level
4
-
[The
Soul]
Garden
21
V I E W S E C T I O N
A
Section
B
E L E V A T I O N
V I E W
Section
North
South
Elevation
Elevation
22
07
S P E C I F I C A T I O N S
23
S P E C I F I C A T I O N F F E M A T E R I A L I T Y
LADIA SWING LOUNGER
KURE DINING TABLE
Z-ISLAND RECEPTION
FREUNDSCHAFT BRIDGE
ARA SCOUTING ROBOT
Mikhail Belyaev
Fatih Can Sarıöz
Zaha Hadid
Located in the heart of Germany
Ecorobotix
The Ladia swing-sofa was designed for Karat and Samsung Staron specially for St.Petersburg Design Week 2013. The object is made of Samsung Staron Solid Surface with LED inside.
The pod-like form accommodates six dinning chairs which can also also be used otherwise. An alternative set of furniture that aims to bring the whole family together at meal times, Kure doesn’t really help to save space. The sphere seems to occupy almost equal room when closed or in use.
Balkan worked with Polygon Studio to design a classically structured bridge that would easily fit in with the visual aesthetic of the city. The underside of the bridge was repurposed as a walkway.
Balkan worked with Polygon Studio to design a classically structured bridge that would easily fit in with the visual aesthetic of the city. The underside of the bridge was repurposed as a walkway.
the robot orients itself and navigates precisely within user defined parcels. Its path is programmable and a large number of mission trajectories can be stored on the machine or on the ecoRobotix servers.
VOIDAN TABLE
WALKOVER NANOLEDS
LINEA CONTINUA
Onur Ozkaya
Simes
Simes
BALL FLOOR LAMP
PALA SUSPENSION LIGHT
Foter.com
pala
The elastic textile capacity of the perforated leather offers geometric deformation for the possibility of highly differentiation double curved surfaces that does not need any specific formwork or structure underneath.
Body made of AISI 316L monoblock stainless steel, toughened transparent or acid-etched, glass (walkover versions)
CONTINUOS LINE is a walk-over fitting designed to create paths of light with perfect uniformity and unlimited lenght. Extremely easy to install, this product can transform any space with class and refinement
ampshade is made of glass and gives warm tone of light. Adds freshness and modernity to all kinds of interiors. Simple form and contemporary design.
Suspension lamp made of high density expanded polystyrene. Suitable for both public and domestic ambients .
PHOTO.SYNTH.ETICA
KUVIO 3D WALL TILES
LUMINOUS PANELS
STONE TATAMI
ecoLogicStudio
Lumicor
Lumicor
Salvatori
ACIERFLAM | FIREPROOF FLOORING BY SVF
bioplastic architectural textile infused with a circulatory network of living algae
3D wall tiles bring pattern to life with crisp, versatile shapes in a stunning collection of finishes. Each lightweight tile is fully finished, making for quick and easy installation, and can be laid out in a variety of patterns for maximum design creativity and flexibility.
Luminous™ is a solid surface solution intended for horizontal and vertical applications. Developed for visual impact, the rich colors of Luminous create dramatic installations that captivate the senses. The versatility of Luminous makes it easy to add a splash of color to any application.
Designer Piero Lissoni has created an elegant take on ancient Japanese matting, reinterpreting it in a selection of stones which echo the natural tones of the rush and cotton traditionally used.
TACTILE FORMED ALUMINUM™
ARCHITECTURAL CONCRETE
GLASS FLOORING
Sika
Florim
RETRACTABLE ROOFING SYSTEMS
CAST IRON SPIRAL STAIRCASE
OpenAire
Modus
aretractable roofing systems to historic buildings, blending cutting-edge modern engineering. a delicate balancing act that involves the preservation of the existing building while augmenting it both aesthetically and functionally.
spiral staircase in cast iron, diameter ø 140 cm, suitable for exterior and interior installation. modular design featuring a series of variable spacers allows all heights to be reached during installation.
Ecorobotix
Architectural Materials
aluminum sheet and plate materials can be produced with a wide range of the bespoke embossed, perforated and etched patterns and textures. Can be post apply a multitude of finishes
It is durable and low maintenance. Costeffective in comparison with other systems. Resists mechanical damage. Eliminates the need for the application of coatings or paints. Versatile in designNumerous colors are available
Glass floors are made with transparent glass when it is useful to view something from above or below
Used to create light wells which can be walked on safely, these aesthetic and fire resistant surfaces have excellent technicality at all levels, which makes them an excellent suggestion that individuals can choose for their different structures.
24
S U S T A I N A B I L I T Y WALKABLE SOLAR PANELS
WIND GENERATOR
GREY WATER RECYCLING SYSTEM
GREEN ROOF SYSTEM
OCCUPANCY SENSOR
Platio Solar Pavement
Vestas 4MW Platform
Water Wise Group
Greywateraction.org
Basalte
Platio uses recycled materials to create a wide range of solar pavement based installation solutions. Platio pavings can be installed where conventional solar technologies cannot be deployed. From offices and residential buildings to maritime infrastructures and smart cities. Platio is paving the way to aesthetic, space-saving, and green power sources.
4 MW platform is designed for a broad range of wind and site conditions, onshore and offshore, enabling you to mix turbines across your site or portfolio of sites, delivering industryleading reliability, serviceability, and exceptional energy capture.
greywater reuse as a way to increase the productivity of sustainable backyard ecosystems that produce food, clean water, and shelter wildlife. Such systems recover valuable “waste” products– greywater, household compost, and humanure–and reconnect their human inhabitants to ecological cycles.
Platio uses recycled materials to create a wide range of solar pavement based installation solutions.Platio pavings can be installed where conventional solar technologies cannot be deployed. From offices and residential buildings to maritime infrastructures and smart cities. Platio is paving the way to aesthetic, space-saving and green power sources.
Installation of occupancy controls have been shown to reduce unnecessary energy consumption in unoccupied guest rooms. The principle of operation and benefits of occupancy sensors are well understood. By turning off the lights when space is unoccupied, energy savings can result by eliminating waste. Occupancy sensors can also enhance security and reduce light pollution.
25
08
3 D - M O D E L I N G
26
[ T H E u s e r
N E S T ] -
U N I T S
r e s e a r c h e r s
27
[ T H E u s e r
G E N ] -
L A B
r e s e a r c h e r s
28
[ T H E
R O O T ] u s e r
-
G A L L E R Y
p u b l i c
29
T H E u
s
C E N T R E e
r
-
r
e
s
e
a
r
C O U R T Y A R D c
h
e
r
s
&
p
u
b
l
i
c
30
R E T R A C T A B L E
R O O F
32
T H E u s e r
-
[ G A T E ]
r e s e a r c h e r s
&
p u b l i c
31
09
T H E B E G I N N I N G O F A N E W E R A With the strategy of adaptive reuse, the abandoned plague fort has transformed into a biotechnology research facility dedicated to research. To safeguard our planet’s biodiversity, we need innovative new approaches. Advances in biotechnology are occurring so fast that we expect more genetic interventions to be just around the corner. The challenge now is to bridge the fields of biotechnology, conservation, and architecture in a way that is thoughtful and innovative. I believe with the right tools in the right space and dedicated collaboration; we may be able to turn the tide on wildlife extinction.
33
RESOURCES Углубление дна около форта "Александр" будет продолжено (in Russian). Delovoy Peterburg [Business Petersburg]. August 8, 2007. Downtoearth.org.in. (2020). Russia to grow 30 gene-edited plants, animals by 2027. [online] Available at: https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/science-technology/russia-to-grow-30-gene-edited-plants-animals-by2027-64569 [Accessed 12 Feb. 2020]. SCDB. (2020). Russian Federation - Biological Facts. Retrieved 15 January 2020, from https://www.cbd.int/countries/profile/?country=ru United Nations Sustainable Development. (2020). UN Report: Nature's Dangerous Decline 'Unprecedented'; Species Extinction Rates 'Accelerating' - United Nations Sustainable Development. [online] Available at: https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/blog/2019/05/nature-decline-unprecedented-report/ [Accessed 12 Feb. 2020]. World of Warships. (2017). World of Warships - Naval Fortress: Fort Alexander I. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xfvxo3a3NRY Worrall, S. (2020). How the Current Mass Extinction of Animals Threatens Humans. Retrieved 15 January 2020, from https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/8/140820-extinction-crows-penguins-dinosaurs-asteroidsydney-booktalk/#close Wwf.panda.org. (2020). How many species are we losing?. [online] Available at: https://wwf.panda.org/our_work/biodiversity/biodiversity/ [Accessed 12 Feb. 2020]. Углубление дна около форта "Александр" будет продолжено (in Russian). Delovoy Peterburg [Business Peterburg]. August 8, 2007. Фортификация: Реконструкцию "Александра" оценили в $43 млн (in Russian). Vedomosti. July 19, 2007. Frankham et al. 2002. An Introduction to Conservation Genetics Center for Biological Diversity. "Extinction Crisis." www.biologicaldiversity.org/programs/biodiversity/elements_of_biodiversity/extinction_crisis/index.html. Avise, J. C. (1996). The scope of conservation genetics. In: Avise, J. C. and Hamrick, J. L. (eds) Conservation Genetics. Case Histories from Nature, pp. 1–9. Chapman & Hall, New York.
