Late Edition Today, mostly cloudy, periodic snow, a coating to two inches total, high 28. Tonight, clouds breaking, low 18. Tomorrow, windy, cold, high 28. Weather map appears on Page A20.
VOL. CLXVI . . . No. 57,470 +
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NEW YORK, SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 2017
PUTIN LED SCHEME TO AID TRUMP, REPORT SAYS U.S. Intelligence Agencies Describe a Web of Leaks and Propaganda By MICHAEL D. SHEAR and DAVID E. SANGER
SAM HODGSON FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
President-elect Donald J. Trump received a report from intelligence agencies on Friday about Russian attacks on the election.
Ethics Office Has Hands Full With a Cabinet of Millionaires By ERIC LIPTON and STEVE EDER
WASHINGTON — Rex W. Tillerson owns more than $50 million of Exxon Mobil stock, has earned an annual salary of $10 million and holds a range of positions — from director at the Boy Scouts of America to the managing director of a Texas horse and cattle ranch. But Mr. Tillerson is prepared to resign from all those posts, sell all his stock and put much of his money into bland investments like Treasury bonds if he becomes secretary of state, according to an “ethics undertakings” memo he filed this week with the State Department. And, if he returns to the oil industry in the next decade, he could lose as much as $180 million. The nine-page ethics letter detailing Mr. Tillerson’s commitments is the first of hundreds that
will be made public in the coming weeks by members of Presidentelect Donald J. Trump’s cabinet and other top political appointees, presenting a historic test of the federal government’s ability to identify conflicts of interest — and figure out ways to avoid them. Mr. Trump has selected what would be the wealthiest cabinet in modern American history, filled with millionaires and billionaires with complicated financial portfolios. Mr. Tillerson is worth at least $300 million, but is hardly the richest among them: Wilbur L. Ross Jr., the commerce secretary nominee; Betsy DeVos, the education secretary nominee; and Steven T. Mnuchin, the Treasury secretary nominee, each hold assets estimated at more than a Continued on Page A11
WASHINGTON — President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia directed a vast cyberattack aimed at denying Hillary Clinton the presidency and installing Donald J. Trump in the Oval Office, the nation’s top intelligence agencies said in an extraordinary report they delivered on Friday to Mr. Trump. The officials presented their unanimous conclusions to Mr. Trump in a two-hour briefing at Trump Tower in New York that brought the leaders of America’s intelligence agencies face to face with their most vocal skeptic, the president-elect, who has repeatedly cast doubt on Russia’s role. The meeting came just two weeks before Mr. Trump’s inauguration and was underway even as the electoral votes from his victory were being formally counted in a joint session of Congress. Soon after leaving the meeting, intelligence officials released the declassified, damning report that described the sophisticated cybercampaign as part of a continuing Russian effort to weaken the United States government and its democratic institutions. The re-
‘Russia’s goals were to undermine public faith in the U.S. democratic process, denigrate Secretary Clinton, and harm her electability and potential presidency. We further assess Putin and the Russian government developed a clear preference for President-elect Trump.’ ‘Moscow’s influence campaign followed a Russian messaging strategy that blends covert intelligence operations — such as cyberactivity — with overt efforts by Russian government agencies, state-funded media, third-party intermediaries, and paid social-media users or “trolls.” ’ ‘We assess Moscow will apply lessons learned from its Putin-ordered campaign aimed at the U.S. presidential election to future influence efforts worldwide, including against U.S. allies and their election processes.’
BORDER WALL Donald J.Trump
allowed that Mexico would not be paying up front, but “we’re going to get reimbursed.” PAGE A13 ‘IT IS OVER’ Vice President Jo-
seph R. Biden Jr. cut off many objections as Congress validated Electoral College results. PAGE A9
NEWS ANALYSIS
Moscow’s Goals, Strategy and Use of ‘Trolls’ Excerpts of findings about Russian influence on the 2016 election, compiled by the Central Intelligence Agency, the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the National Security Agency:
port — a virtually unheard-of, real-time revelation by the American intelligence agencies that undermined the legitimacy of the president who is about to direct them — made the case that Mr. Trump was the favored candidate of Mr. Putin. The Russian leader, the report said, sought to denigrate Mrs. Clinton, and the report detailed what the officials had revealed to President Obama a day earlier: Mr. Trump’s victory followed a complicated, multipart cyberinformation attack whose goal had evolved to help the Republican win. The 25-page report did not conclude that Russian involvement Continued on Page A11
Ploy Was Not a One-Off By SCOTT SHANE
The intelligence agencies’ report on the Russian intervention in the American presidential election portrays it as just one piece of an old-fashioned Sovietstyle propaganda campaign. But it was a campaign made enormously more powerful by the tools of the cyberage: private emails pilfered by hackers, an internet that reaches into most American homes, social media to promote its revelations and smear enemies. What most Americans may have seen as a one-time effort — brazen meddling by Russia in the very core of American democracy — was, the report says, only part of a long-running information war that involves not just shadowy hackers and pop-up websites, but also more conven-
tional news outlets, including the thriving Russian television network RT. The election intervention to damage Hillary Clinton and lift Donald J. Trump was the latest fusillade in a campaign that has gone on under the radar for years. For the three agencies that produced the report — the C.I.A., the F.B.I. and the National Security Agency — this is a heartstopping moment: They have just told their new boss that he was elected with the vigorous, multifaceted help of an adversary, the thuggish autocrat who rules Russia. “Putin and the Russian government aspired to help President-elect Trump’s election chances when possible by dis-
Continued on Page A10
Gunman in Airport Attack May Have Heard Voices, Officials Say He Helped Topple a Dictator. Here He’s a Face in the Crowd.
This article is by Lizette Alvarez, Richard Fausset and Adam Goldman.
FORT LAUDERDALE, Fla. — Federal law enforcement officials said they were investigating whether the gunman who opened fire on Friday at the airport in Fort Lauderdale, Fla., killing five people and wounding eight, was mentally disturbed and heard voices in his head telling him to commit acts of violence. According to a senior law enforcement official, the gunman, identified as Esteban Santiago, 26, walked into the F.B.I. office in Anchorage in November and made disturbing remarks that prompted officials to urge him to seek mental health care. Mr. Santiago, appearing “agitated and incoherent,” said “that his mind was being controlled by a U.S. intelligence agency,” the official said. Other officials said it was too early to tell whether Mr. Santiago, who was captured in the airport, had been inspired by terrorist groups, including the Islamic State. The officials said he had viewed extremist materials on the internet. Shortly after 1 p.m. Friday, the
By DIONNE SEARCEY
WILFREDO LEE/ASSOCIATED PRESS
People fled Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport on Friday after a man opened fire. suspect, who had been an airline passenger, pulled a semiautomatic handgun out of his bag and opened fire in a crowded baggage claim area in Terminal 2, officials said. The shooting spurred a scene of
panic and confusion that played out on live television as scores of travelers burst out of the terminal and onto the tarmac, running and seeking cover, at times in response to erroneous rumors of follow-up attacks.
David Fogarty, a carpenter from Key West, was heading to Cancún, Mexico, on vacation when the people around him suddenly began running toward the gates. Continued on Page A14
Every public housing complex in America is filled with individual tales of struggle and survival. This is the story of a dapper man in a black fedora who lives in unit 16G in the Bronx. His name is Souleymane Guengueng, and he brought down a murderous African dictator. In the 1980s, Mr. Guengueng was one of numerous people imprisoned and tortured during the brutal reign of President Hissène Habré in Chad, a landlocked country in central Africa. When he was released from prison after two and a half years, Mr. Guengueng began a quest for justice, meticulously recording the testimonies of survivors and the relatives of those who had been killed at the direction of Mr. Habré. He wound up with records detailing the abuse and murder of more than 700 people. Human rights advocates collected his accounts and used them as critical pieces of evidence to pursue criminal action against Mr. Habré. The legal case was not an easy one. Finding a
NEW YORK A16-17, 20
NATIONAL A8-14
BUSINESS DAY B1-7
Indian Point to Close by 2021
Video Shows Vulnerability
Big Jump in Hourly Wages
Gov. Andrew M. Cuomo has said the nuclear power plant poses too great a PAGE A16 risk to New York City.
The taped beating of a mentally disabled man reinforces how widespread PAGE A8 abuse of disabled people is.
INTERNATIONAL A3-7
Newark Archbishop Is Installed
Rare Art of Bookbinding
The Labor Department, in its closely watched monthly employment report, said that job growth had slowed but that earnings rose in 2016 at the fastest PAGE B1 clip since the recession.
Prison Riots Shake Brazil
Cardinal Joseph W. Tobin, the new Newark archbishop, cited a “chasm between life and faith.” PAGE A16
Donald Vass has been mending books in the Seattle area for 26 years, but his craft is a fading one. PAGE A8
With 93 killed in six days in its prisons, and beheadings among the horrors, PAGE A4 Brazil faces a new crisis.
SPORTSSATURDAY D1-6
Turkey and Post-9/11 Parallels
Coach as a Cult Figure
Turkey’s crackdown since a coup attempt is not so different from what the U.S. saw after 9/11, scholars say. PAGE A7
Nothing about the Giants’ first-year coach, Ben McAdoo, goes unnoticed on social media. PAGE D1
ANGEL FRANCO/THE NEW YORK TIMES
Souleymane Guengueng was jailed by Chad’s dictatorship. court to prosecute a head of state proved difficult. For more than 16 years, the case bounced between nations and continents, with Mr. Guengueng offering his personal plea for justice to anyone who would listen. In May, in Dakar, Senegal, where Mr. Habré had lived in exile, the dictator was finally convicted. Next week, a court there will hear his appeal. On the day of the guilty verdict, a defiant Mr. Habré, wearing dark glasses and with his head wrapped in white scarves as though he were bracing for a Continued on Page A6
THIS WEEKEND
Deal Near in VW Inquiry The carmaker could pay more than $2 billion to settle federal criminal charges that it cheated on diesel emissions tests. PAGE B1
EDITORIAL, OP-ED A18-19
Michael J. Morell
PAGE A19
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A2
THE NEW YORK TIMES, SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 2017
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Inside The Times
PORAS CHAUDHARY FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
52 Places to Go in 2017 There is a lot more to Agra, India, than the Taj Mahal, like the Jama Masjid, above. From a desert in Chile to a glimpse of “Poladrk” country on England’s southwest coast, there are destinations with special allure for travelers. This weekend in Travel.
INTERNATIONAL
NATIONAL
BUSINESS
Russian Carrier Goes Home In Drawdown From Syria
Killer Whale Featured In ‘Blackfish’ Is Dead
Millennials Prepare Early For Their Retirement
Russia has ordered its only aircraft carrier to return home after its first-ever combat mission, part of a general drawdown of forces involved in the Syria conflict, a senior general announced. PAGE A6
Tilikum, the captive orca who killed a trainer at SeaWorld in Orlando, Fla., in 2010 and later became the subject of the documentary “Blackfish,” died while suffering from a persistent bacterial infection.
A snapshot of five millennials shows that some of them are very serious about saving for retirement, contradicting the perception that their age group is free-spending. Retiring.
QUOTATION OF THE DAY
PAGE A8
How Chinese Defy Smog Filthy air has swamped much of northern China for weeks, but some amateur dancers have flouted the pollution by sticking to their outdoor ballroom routines. PAGE A4
Japan-South Korea Tension Japan recalled its envoy to South Korea to protest a statue commemorating Korean women who were forced into sexual slavery for Japanese soldiers during World War II, in the latest sign that ties between Washington’s two key Asian allies were again deteriorating over the bitter historical issue. PAGE A5
Indonesia Mends Ties Indonesia has stepped back from its decision to suspend military cooperation with Australia, moving to end a rupture that threatened an important military alliance in Asia. Questions are being raised about whether Indonesia’s president knew that his top general was planning to suspend the ties. PAGE A5
4 Held in India Assault
stealth guest room
Video surfaced in India of an assault on a woman after news reports that “mass molestation” had taken place on two main roads in Bangalore during New Year’s Eve celebrations — reports that have been viewed as the latest manifestation of a pervasive problem in India with the safety of women in public. PAGE A5
Ambush in Afghanistan Gunmen in northern Afghanistan ambushed ethnic Hazara coal miners, shooting at least nine of them dead and seemingly adding to a string of recent attacks singling out ethnic or sectarian minorities. PAGE A6
Farewell From First Lady Michelle Obama fought back tears during her last public remarks as first lady, overcome with emotion as she reflected on her eight years in the White House and delivered a message of empowerment through education, one of her cherished causes. PAGE A9
NEW YORK
Details Emerge of Plan To Close City Schools New York City’s Education Department plans to close or merge nine schools that are part of its highprofile turnaround initiative next year. The nine are in a group of 22 schools that will be closed or merged, according to a document. PAGE A17
SPORTS
For Underdog Team’s Fans, A Doleful Return to Reality After the Leicester City soccer club won the Premier League title in May, giddy disbelief settled among fans and around the team. But months later, the glow is fading as the club slips back into the second tier. On Soccer. PAGE D1
Boosting U.S. Tennis The United States Tennis Association’s new 64-acre national campus in Orlando, Fla., was built to grow the game at the grass-roots level and to develop future Grand Slam champions, something American tennis has been lacking beyond the Williams sisters. PAGE D5
PAGE B1
Media Liaison for Facebook Facebook has hired a former television news journalist, Campbell Brown, to help smooth over its strained ties to the news media, which views it as both a vital partner and a potentially devastating opponent. PAGE B3
LinkedIn Blocked in Russia Smartphone users in Russia can no longer download the LinkedIn app on iPhone or Android devices, following a similar move by China to block The New York Times app on iPhones. PAGE B4
Six-Hour Workday’s Results
‘‘
Our glorious diversity — our diversities of faiths, and colors, and creeds — that is not a threat to who we are; it makes us who we are.
’’
MICHELLE OBAMA, in her last public remarks as first lady. [A9]
ARTS
How ‘Bambi’ Got Its Look From Old Chinese Art The underappreciated ChineseAmerican artist Tyrus Wong, who died last week at 106, blended 1,000year-old painting techniques with his own sensibility to create the signature style — stark yet ethereal — of Walt Disney’s 1942 animated classic, “Bambi.” PAGE C1
A controversial experiment with a six-hour workday in one of Sweden’s largest cities wrapped up with happier, healthier and more productive employees, but also with a catch: The practice is too expensive and unwieldy to become widespread in Sweden anytime soon.
Twist on German Humor
PAGE B6
The Municipal Art Society of New York, long a leading voice in efforts to preserve the city’s history and skyline, has abruptly ousted its new president less than a year after her hiring. PAGE C4
OBITUARIES
Jeremy Stone, 81 He was a mathematician whose ideas about minimizing the possibility of a nuclear catastrophe influenced arms-control negotiators in the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War.
The German film “Toni Erdmann” has been loved by critics since its debut at Cannes; it uses a kooky humor, not the country’s usual slapstick variety. PAGE C1
City Group Ousts Leader
OP-ED
Gail Collins PAGE A19 Timothy Egan PAGE A19
PAGE B8
Jill Saward, 51 She was a British rape victim who waived her right to anonymity and called on other victims of sexual assault to come forward about their ordeal. PAGE B8
Crossword C4 Obituaries B8 TV Listings C7 Weather A20 Classified Ads D5 Religious Services A17
Corrections SPORTS day
night
Because of an editing error, an article on Thursday about team camaraderie at the world junior hockey championship misidentified, in some editions, the location of the semifinal game between Canada and Sweden. It was in Montreal, not in Toronto. TRAVEL
An article on Page T3 this weekend about saving on travel in 2017 misstates the conversion rate of the British sterling pound to the
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Report an Error: nytnews@nytimes.com or call 1-844-NYT-NEWS (1-844-698-6397). Editorials: letters@nytimes.com or fax (212) 556-3622. Public Editor: Readers concerned
dollar, both two years ago and in October 2016. Two years ago, it was exchanging at over $1.60; it was not valued at 1.6 to the dollar. And in October, it plunged to around $1.16; it did not plunge to 1.17 to the dollar. A special report this weekend about 52 places to go in 2017 contains a number of errors:
owned telescope, not its largest telescope. The No. 14 entry on Page T2 about Penzance, England, describes its location incorrectly. Penzance is in the southwest part of the country, not the southeast.
The No. 2 entry on Page T2 about Atacama Desert, Chile, erroneously attributes a distinction to a telescope at a hotel there. It is the country’s largest privately
The No. 17 entry on Page T2A about Sikkim, India, misstates the year an airport is scheduled to open there. It is 2017, not 2018. The entry also refers incorrectly to Sikkim’s becoming the first fully organic state in India. It happened in 2015, not in 2016.
about issues of journalistic integrity may reach the public editor at public@nytimes.com or (212) 5568044.
The No. 30 entry on Page T2B about Chiang Mai, Thailand, misstates the year the X2 Chiang Mai Riverside Hotel is scheduled to open. It is 2017, not 2018.
Newspaper Delivery: customercare@nytimes.com or call 1-800-NYTIMES (1-800-698-4637).
The No. 31 entry on Page T2B about Napa Valley, Calif., refers incorrectly to the ownership of the
restaurant Two Birds/One Stone there. It is not owned by Kenzo Estate wines, which has a winery in the area. The entry, using information from a publicist, also refers incorrectly to the opening of Las Alcobas Hotel in Napa. It is scheduled to open later in January; it did not open in December 2016. The No. 47 entry on Page T11 about Laikipia, Kenya, misstates the number of suites at the Arijiju, a private-home retreat in Laikipia. There are fives suites, not 10. OBITUARIES
An obituary on Monday and in some editions on Sunday about Allan Williams, the Beatles’ first manager, misstated the date of his birth in 1930. It was Feb. 21, not March 17.
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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 2017
By BENOÎT MORENNE
PARIS — A panel of French judges has decided not to bring charges against soldiers accused of having sexually abused children while on a peacekeeping mission in the Central African Republic, officials said on Friday. Soldiers were sent to the country, a former French colony, in 2013 to help quell a sectarian conflict there, but allegations of sexual and physical violence by the troops have been an embarrassment for France. They also have been an embarrassment for the United Nations, where rights investigators compiled a confidential report in 2014 about the allegations and the organization did not move quickly to rectify them. The French authorities became aware of the allegations only when the report was leaked to them. The lapse at the United Nations in promptly notifying the French led to an investigation by an independent panel that accused some of the organization’s officials of having passed the allegations “from desk to desk, inbox to inbox” and having failed to meet their core mission to protect the rights of the most vulnerable civilians. The confidential report chronicled testimony by six children — ages 9 to 13 — who described abuse by the soldiers in a camp at Bangui M’Poko International Airport in the capital from December Sewell Chan contributed reporting from London, and Rick Gladstone from New York.
2013 to June 2014. Four of the children said they had been abused by the soldiers, while two said they had witnessed the abuse. Acting on the report, French prosecutors opened a preliminary investigation in July 2014. The case was not known to the public until an advocacy group, AIDS Free World, provided a copy to the British newspaper The Guardian, which reported the findings in April 2015. A spokeswoman for the Paris
Accusations of grave misconduct by troops in Central African Republic. prosecutor’s office, Agnès Thibault-Lecuivre, said on Friday that the judges completed their review of the abuse allegations on Dec. 20. The decision to close the case, or bring it to trial, will be definitively made in less than four months, after the judges have received any additional information from groups representing the accusers and the prosecutor’s office. “There’s a whole problem about identifying people,” she said in a phone interview, noting that the case was particularly difficult because it was based solely on the children’s accounts, without independent evidence. “Are these accusations clear, accurate, detailed, repeated? And, based on these ac-
cusations, have we identified who might be the perpetrators?” The completion of the investigation was first reported by the radio network RFI and the newspaper Le Monde. Paula Donovan, co-director of AIDS Free World, reacted angrily to the news. “This is a travesty,” she said in an email. “If African soldiers had sexually abused little boys in Paris, the investigation wouldn’t be closed until every perpetrator was behind bars.” Ms. Donovan also pointed out that President François Hollande of France had vowed publicly to “show no mercy” to perpetrators of the abuse after it had become known. Emmanuel Daoud, a lawyer for Ecpat, an organization that combats the sexual exploitation of children, said in a phone interview that he was not surprised that criminal charges would not be brought. The organization has filed a civil claim seeking financial compensation for wrongdoing it says it believes was committed by the peacekeepers. “Neither the judges nor the Paris prosecutor’s office has required that anyone be charged,” he said, adding that “we’ll take a look and see if we agree with the judges and the prosecutor’s office.” Eléonore Chiossone, a technical expert at Ecpat, said the group was considering whether to keep looking for evidence, which it might present to the judges. “We know how difficult it can be to collect testimony from children,” she said. “It’s not always
easy for children to be comfortable with that procedure.” Stéphane Dujarric, a spokesman for the United Nations, said in a statement that it was following the developments in France “with interest” and that member states have the responsibility “to fully investigate and hopefully prosecute these crimes.” Mr. Dujarric also noted in the statement that the French troops were not part of the United Nations peacekeeping operation in the Central African Republic “and were not under U.N. command.” Ms. Thibault-Lecuivre said that the authorities on Nov. 20 closed a second investigation, involving the alleged abuse of a teenager by a French soldier in Boda, west of Bangui, in 2014. The teenager had initially accused the soldier of raping and impregnating her, but later changed her account and said they had unprotected but consensual sex, according to the French news site Mediapart. The cases have been controversial. A draft of a United Nations memo in October suggested that some cases of sexual abuse in the Central African Republic might have been fabricated by people seeking to profit by making false accusations. At least one other case of abuse involving French peacekeepers in the country — one concerning allegations that peacekeepers forced four girls in a displaced persons camp to have sex with a dog — remains under investigation. Last year, the United Nations referred the case for an investigation by the French Defense Ministry.
©T&CO. 2017
No Sexual Abuse Charges for French Peacekeepers
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Greece’s Most-Wanted Terrorist Is Arrested and Charged By ILIANA MAGRA
She was a leader of an anarchist group called Revolutionary Struggle. She helped organize, officials say, a car bombing near the country’s central bank. Later, the authorities say, she rented a helicopter using a fake name and then tried to hijack it in an effort to rescue her imprisoned partner. On Friday, the anarchist leader, Panagiota Roupa, was charged with theft, forgery and participating in a terrorist organization. She was arrested on Thursday in a house in Ilioupoli, a middle-class suburb southeast of Athens, where she was living under an assumed identity. Her 6-year-old was taken into protective custody. “Be careful with my son,” she told the officers, according to Theodoros Chronopoulos, the chief spokesman for the national police. Greek officials called Ms. Roupa, 47 — known by her nickname, Pola — the country’s “No. 1 most-wanted” terrorist. With her partner, Nikos Maziotis, she was a leader of Revolutionary Struggle, which carried out a string of bombings and shootings targeting the police and others starting in 2003, and fired an antitank grenade at the United States Embassy in Athens in 2007. The attacks caused several injuries, but no deaths. “She is the No. 1 most-wanted domestic terrorist, as she has been crucial in managing the Revolutionary Struggle, but more specifically in recruiting,” Mr. Chronopoulos said in a phone interview. Starting in 2010, Ms. Roupa and Mr. Maziotis served 18 months in pretrial detention, the maximum possible, on terrorism charges. They were released in 2012 and were required to check in with the local police once a week, but instead they went on the run. In 2013, they were sentenced in absentia to 50 years in prison. Another leader of the group, Costas Gournas, also received a 50-year sentence. The group, which had been thought to be inactive, claimed responsibility for an April 2014 bomb that was placed in a parked car in central Athens. No one was injured in the attack. That July, Mr. Maziotis was arrested after a shootout with the police in central Athens in which he and three other people — a police officer, a
ORESTIS PANAGIOTOU/EUROPEAN PRESSPHOTO AGENCY
Panagiota Roupa, a leader of the anarchist group Revolutionary Struggle, with police officers in Athens on Friday. The group carried out bombings and shootings targeting the police and others. German tourist and an Australian tourist — were injured. Early last year, the police said, Ms. Roupa tried to free Mr. Maziotis and other prisoners. She rented a helicopter and tried to force the pilot at gunpoint to fly over the prison where they were being held. But the pilot refused, and in the struggle that followed,
‘An unremorseful enemy of the system until I die.’ he managed to regain control and land the helicopter. Ms. Roupa ran off. “Over the last year, the police had been collecting significant information and indications leading us to the municipalities of southern Athens,” Mr. Chronopoulos said on Thursday. The police monitored the house over the past three days, he said, and on Wednesday evening, “when we were made sure that it was indeed Pola Roupa living in that house,
we decided that it was time to go in with the raid.” A 25-year-old woman, Konstantina Athanassopoulou, who the police said was babysitting the son, was arrested in a nearby suburb and faces the same charges as Ms. Roupa. According to her lawyer, Fragiskos Ragousis, Ms. Roupa is prepared to accept responsibility for violating the terms of her release from pretrial detention, and for her involvement in the 2014 car bombing. “She is planning to assume complete political responsibility for her actions, but she is demanding that her child is given to her mother and sister,” Mr. Ragousis said in a phone interview. Mr. Ragousis — a colorful lawyer with a history of representing leftist guerrillas, including Christodoulos Xiros, a member of the terrorist group known as November 17 — said of Ms. Roupa, “Given her social action, the fact that she is an urban guerrilla fighter, it’s my great honor to represent her.” News of Ms. Roupa’s arrest dominated the Greek news and social media. On Twitter, Kyriakos Mitsotakis, the leader of the center-right New Democracy, the
main opposition party, congratulated the Greek police for capturing Ms. Roupa and continuing the fight against terrorism. Thanasis Bakolas, a spokesman for New Democracy, said in a phone interview that Syriza, the leading party in the government, had not done enough to crack down on militant leftist groups, “to which Syriza was ideologically and politically close prior to becoming the governing party.” (Reached by phone, representatives of Syriza did not comment.) Ms. Roupa’s sister, Christianna, read a statement from Ms. Roupa, in which she pledged to be “an unremorseful enemy of the system until I die.” The statement added, “We are at war — this is a fact.” It also said that she would go on a hunger strike until her son was turned over to her family, concluding that she would “remain their enemy until I die, and they will never break me.” “Long live the revolution!” it said. Some of Ms. Roupa’s supporters expressed their solidarity on Twitter, suggesting that she was no more of a criminal than Greek politicians.
Police Kill Bangladeshi Linked to Dhaka Restaurant Siege By ELLEN BARRY
DHAKA, Bangladesh — The police in Bangladesh announced on Friday that they had killed Nurul Islam Marzan, who was suspected of guiding a team of militants through the deadly siege of a fashionable Dhaka restaurant last year, in an early morning gunfight. Mr. Marzan was a close aide to Tamim Ahmed Chowdhury, who had been identified as the top coordinator in Bangladesh for the Islamic State and the leader of a newly founded branch of the domestic militant network Jama’atul Mujahedeen Bangladesh. The Bangladeshi authorities said Mr. Chowdhury planned the attack in July at the restaurant, the Holey Artisan Bakery. He was killed in August in a shootout. The police said the two men worked intensively with the team of five assailants who burst into
A gunfight fells a man suspected of guiding militants in an attack. the restaurant and singled out foreigners and non-Muslims inside. Twenty Bangladeshi and foreign hostages and two police officers were killed, the most ambitious attack undertaken by Islamist insurgents in the region in recent years. The Islamic State claimed responsibility for the attack and celebrated Mr. Chowdhury and his team in promotional materials. Mr. Marzan and Mr. Chowdhury, who were together on the night of the attack but not at the restaurant, spoke with the attackers three or four times during the siege, using telephones taken
from victims or hostages, according to Monirul Islam, who leads the police counterterrorism unit in Dhaka, the capital. The final conversation took place shortly before the five attackers left the restaurant and were killed by police gunfire, an indication of the role the trainers played in their lives, Mr. Islam said. “Before death, if anyone knows they are going to die, he usually calls the nearest person,” he said. The police have also said that the attackers sent gory photographs from the restaurant to Mr. Marzan, who forwarded them to others. The photographs were swiftly distributed through Islamic State social media networks. Relatives of Mr. Marzan, who was from northern Bangladesh, told The Daily Star of Dhaka that he was a student of Arabic at the
University of Chittagong but that he had fallen out of contact with them in early 2016. Since July, the police have located and eradicated 20 safe houses used by four or five terrorist cells that were a part of Mr. Chowdhury’s network, Mr. Islam said. He said that 60 of the network’s members had been killed or arrested, leaving only a handful at large. Mr. Chowdhury’s death was followed by a pause in attacks by militants in Bangladesh. Since 2013, assassinations and small-scale attacks had been taking place every few weeks, typically targeting foreigners or non-Muslims, including atheists. On Dec. 24, a woman and man detonated suicide vests during a police raid on the outskirts of Dhaka. The police said it was the first time that a female terrorist had carried out a suicide bombing in Bangladesh.
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UESLEI MARCELINO/REUTERS
A worker prepared graves Wednesday at a cemetery in Manaus, Brazil, for inmates who died during a prison riot. Six days of mayhem in penitentiaries around the country has killed 93 people.
Brazilians Are Shaken as Harrowing Details Emerge From Prison Riots Crisis for President Facing Other Political Woes By SIMON ROMERO
RIO DE JANEIRO — Some of the inmates were beheaded. Others had their hearts torn from their bodies. Gang leaders used the blood of their victims to write a nightmarish message of retribution: “Blood is paid for with blood.” The harrowing scenes on Friday from the latest prison riot in Brazil, in which 31 inmates were killed in the northern state of Roraima in the Amazon River Basin, pushed the death toll to 93 in six days of mayhem in penitentiaries around the country. The bloodshed has shocked the country and is emerging as the most pressing crisis facing President Michel Temer, whose beleaguered government was already grappling with graft scandals, a weak economy and simmering anger over austerity measures. “The bloodshed is revealing a war between drug gangs, a failed prison system and a weak government,” said Rafael Alcadipani, a scholar who specializes in public security policies at Fundação Getúlio Vargas, a leading Brazilian uni-
versity. “And now the horror is spreading.” Prison violence that has spilled out into neighboring communities has been a perennial problem in Brazil. In 2006, street fighting between the police and First Capital Command, a prison-based gang, left almost 200 people dead in São Paulo, causing chaos in the city of 20 million people. The killings in Roraima came just days after 56 men were killed in a massacre at a prison in the city of Manaus. In two different riots at prisons this week in the states of Amazonas and Paraíba, six men were also killed. The violence at the Monte Cristo Agricultural Penitentiary in Boa Vista, the capital of Roraima, adds to fears about an intensifying war between drug gangs for control of the cocaine trade in the Amazon region in Brazil. The latest episode is thought to involve fighting between First Capital Command, commonly known by its Portuguese initials, P.C.C., which has roots in the prisons of São Paulo in southeastern Brazil, and supporters of Red Command,
JPAVANI/REUTERS
Relatives of prisoners waited for news on Friday about violence at a penitentiary in Roraima State, where 31 inmates were killed in a riot. a drug trafficking organization that has long held sway in Rio de Janeiro. The authorities, however, tried to play down the possibility that warring gangs were to blame.
The gangs, which operate inside prisons as well as on the streets of many Brazilian cities, are battling for supremacy over the trade in cocaine smuggled into Brazil across the porous Amazonian
frontier from countries like Bolivia, Colombia and Peru. Family of the North, an increasingly influential gang in the Amazon that has allied itself with Red Command, was responsible for the attack at the prison in Manaus, massacring dozens of rivals from the P.C.C. gang. The attack had been planned for months, according to text messages intercepted by intelligence agents. Mr. Temer, the president, has been chided for what some have called a tonedeaf response to the crisis. He said nothing for two days about the killings in Manaus, before calling them a “dreadful accident” and seeking to deflect blame from public agencies because a private contractor runs the prison there. Just months after emerging victorious in the battle to impeach his predecessor, Dilma Rousseff, Mr. Temer is grappling with calls from some of his own allies to resign. In an effort to defend himself, he sent a message Thursday on Twitter listing synonyms for the word “accident” — tragedy, loss, disaster, disgrace and misfortune. Although the Manaus riot has fueled a debate over whether management of some prisons should be handed to priContinued on Page A7
Enduring China’s Pollution With Masks, Filters and the Occasional Fox Trot By CHRIS BUCKLEY and ADAM WU
BEIJING — Like ghosts floating in a dim netherworld, the dancers twirled, spun and curtsied in smog so dense that couples a few steps away seemed to be murky apparitions suspended in a gray haze. Filthy air has swamped much of northern China for weeks, but some amateur dancers have stuck to their outdoor ballroom routines. The specterlike dancers in Fuyang, a city in Anhui Province, this week have become one of the images that capture China’s latest winter of smog. A wintertime surge in pollution here is often called an “airpocalypse” in foreign news reports. But for many residents, living in this miasma has become a routine to be endured, even defied with an outdoor fox trot. “The scariest thing isn’t the smog, it’s how we’ve become numbed and used to it,” said one comment about the pictures on a Chinese news website, 163.com. Others shrugged off the bleakness with sardonic humor, as people here often do. “There’s nothing scary,” said another comment on the same website. “Breathing fresh smog every day, I feel fortunate to be living in this magical country.” Air pollution is chronic across much of industrialized China, but it worsens in winter, when coal-burning heaters fire up and add to the airborne grunge from factories and power plants. An uptick in heavy industry in 2016 has added to the haze this winter, some experts say. In the cold months, polluted air can accumulate across the region, sloshing from one part to another until strong gusts blow it away — until another pool accumulates. On Tuesday in Fuyang, the air quality
CHINATOPIX, VIA ASSOCIATED PRESS
Dancing at a park blanketed by smog in Fuyang, China, on Tuesday. The air was rated “severely polluted” that day. was poor, but not terrible by the hard-bitten standards of many Chinese cities. The level of PM2.5 pollution, the fine particulates that pose the greatest danger to health, reached an average 283 micrograms per cubic meter, and the air was
classified “severely polluted.” But since December, levels across many cities in northern China have gone much higher, even reaching 1,000 micrograms of PM2.5 per cubic meter last month in Shijiazhuang, a city in Hebei
Province. The World Health Organization recommends daily exposure of no more than 25 micrograms of PM2.5 per cubic meter. Many residents have become increasingly sensitive to the health threats from
air pollution. Patience with the smog is wearing thin, especially among middleclass residents, who can afford to travel and experience life and breathing outside the dome of haze. The government has promised to clean up the air, and indeed there have been improvements, especially throughout the summer last year. Yet that progress has made the return of the smog this winter even more jarring. Travelers returning by air to Beijing lately have descended from blue skies onto a Stygian underworld. For those trying to leave, many flights have been delayed or canceled on the worst days because of the poor visibility. What worries many people most is the risk to children and the elderly. This week, a letter in the name of Beijing parents urged the city government to allow schools and parents to buy fresh air equipment for classrooms. Officials said air filters would be installed in some schools as a tryout, though not the bigger equipment the letter called for. “We really don’t want to wait any longer!” said the letter, which circulated widely on the internet. “The smog won’t wait for us.” Many people in Beijing and other affected Chinese cities now routinely wear masks — a novelty even a few years ago — although often they use cheap, flimsy cotton covers that do little to ward off PM2.5 particles. “This winter was the first time I’ve thought about moving away,” said Lu Xin, a manager with an internet firm, breathing through a high-tech mask attached to its own electric air filter. “My 3year-old boy and my parents cooped up at home every day, never going out. Is that a way to live?”
THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 2017
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Four Men Are Held in Bangalore in a New Year’s Eve Attack Caught on Video “with intent to outrage her modesty,� according to Hemant Nimbalkar, a police official in Bangalore. “Now we are requesting media houses and people on social media to provide us with other footage or accounts they may have of these cases, and at the same time trying to track down the victims,� Mr. Nimbalkar said. Though the events themselves remain unclear, the controversy over what happened in Bangalore on New Year’s Eve reflects a wider conflict in India’s rapidly modernizing cities over the atti-
By NIDA NAJAR and SUHASINI RAJ
NEW DELHI — There is no mistaking what the security camera captured. A young woman walking in a residential neighborhood is followed and intercepted by men on a motor scooter while others watch from down the road. One of the men grabs her and tries to force her on to the scooter, but she resists. The man throws her to the ground, and he and his companion ride away. The video surfaced after news reports of “mass molestation� on two main roads in Bangalore during New Year’s Eve celebrations — reports that the police said they could find no evidence of in security camera footage. The reports spurred widespread public outrage, which the police denials have done little to dispel. The scooter assault, which happened in a different part of the city, first came to light on Wednesday, and by Thursday the police had arrested four suspects in the case. “We did not wait — we did not waste our time,� the city’s police commissioner, Praveen Sood, told reporters. “What had been shown on the video convinced us beyond all possible doubt that this was a heinous crime.� Mr. Sood said the men in the video had been stalking the woman for at least four days, suggesting that the assault was unconnected to the apparently spontaneous hooliganism reported on New Year’s Eve. He said the police were seeking two more men in the case. There has been considerable public outcry over the news media reports of crowds of men harassing and groping women on the streets of Bangalore during the holiday. Photographs of the police and the crowds have circulated,
An incident that underlines a public outcry over the way women are treated.
JAGADEESH NV/EUROPEAN PRESSPHOTO AGENCY
Protesters gathered in Bangalore, India, to demand justice after reports of men molesting women in the city on New Year’s Eve. including one showing a woman clinging to a female police officer. The reports have been viewed as the latest signs of a pervasive problem in India with the safety of women in public. Some officials, including G. Parameshwara, the home minister of Karnataka State, have stirred up the issue further with
comments blaming women who dress and behave in “Western� ways for provoking the harassment. Mr. Parameshwara told reporters on Friday that his remarks had been taken out of context. Mr. Sood, the police commissioner, reiterated in a telephone interview on Friday that the po-
lice had reviewed security camera footage from the two main roads in central Bangalore and could find no evidence of the “mass molestation� reported by the news media. “On the night of Dec. 31, nothing happened,� Mr. Sood said. “The entire police force was there. I saw the unedited version, and I see
nothing like molestation.� Even so, several women have said in television and newspaper interviews that they saw women molested in the crowd that night. Based on the accounts in the news and on social media, the police have formally opened four criminal cases under a law that prohibits attacking a woman
tudes and mores of young people and youth culture. Mr. Sood said it was evident in the security footage from Dec. 31 that “most of the boys and girls are totally intoxicated — their demeanor shows this.� Neither the police announcements nor the remarks of Mr. Parameshwara, the state home minister, seemed on Friday to have assuaged public anger. In a video posted to Twitter, the cricket player Virat Kohli, who is based in Bangalore, called the events on New Year’s Eve in Bangalore “really, really disturbing.� “For men to accept that it’s an opportunity to do something like this and get away with it, and people in power trying to defend it, it’s absolutely horrible,� he said.
Indonesia Rethinks Break With Australian Military Limited Suspension of Training Announced
YEO JOO-YEON/NEWS1, VIA REUTERS
A statue representing Korean women forced into sexual slavery by Japan at the Japanese Consulate in Busan, South Korea.
Objecting to Statue, Japan Recalls Envoy to South Korea By CHOE SANG-HUN and MOTOKO RICH
SEOUL, South Korea — Japan recalled its envoy to South Korea on Friday to protest a statue commemorating Korean women who were forced into sexual slavery for Japanese soldiers during World War II, in the latest sign that ties between Washington’s two key Asian allies were again deteriorating over the bitter historical issue. “The Japanese government finds this situation extremely regrettable,� Yoshihide Suga, chief cabinet secretary to Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, said during a news conference in Tokyo, referring to the placement of the statue outside the Japanese Consulate in Busan, South Korea’s second-largest city, last week. A spokesman for Japan’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Yasuhisa Kawamura, said the ambassador, Yasumasa Nagamine, as well as the consul general in Busan, Yasuhiro Morimoto, had been recalled “temporarily,� declining to say when they would return. Japan also said it would suspend negotiations over a currency swap meant to help South Korea stabilize its currency, the won, in times of financial crisis. It also suspended high-level economic talks and said staff at the consulate in Busan would not attend events organized by the city government. South Korea showed no sign of acquiescing to Japan’s demand that it immediately remove the Choe Sang-Hun reported from Seoul, and Motoko Rich from Tokyo.
statue in Busan, a port city in the country’s southeast. “We want to stress again that despite difficult issues facing us, both governments must strive to develop bilateral relations based on mutual trust,� said Cho June-hyuck, a spokesman for the Foreign Ministry, who called Japan’s announcement “regrettable.� South Korea’s Finance Ministry urged Tokyo to keep diplomatic disputes out of economic and financial relations.
A bitter dispute surrounding World War II’s ‘comfort women’ resurfaces. Washington has repeatedly appealed to South Korea and Japan to overcome the persistent, bitter legacies of Japan’s brutal colonial rule over Korea in the first half of the 20th century and to work more closely together to better address North Korea’s advancing threat of nuclear weapons and China’s expanding influence. But the issue of the comfort women, as the former sex slaves were euphemistically called in Japan and South Korea, remains seemingly intractable, despite a 2015 agreement between the countries that was meant to put the dispute behind them. Surviving former sex slaves and their advocates angered Japan in 2011 when they installed the first in a series of comfort woman
statues, in front of the Japanese Embassy in Seoul. The bronze, life-size statue, of a barefoot girl in traditional Korean dress sitting in a chair, was placed so that diplomats would see it as they left the office. It is still there, with Korean activists guarding it around the clock to ensure that it is not removed. Since then, activists have put up dozens more such statues, in South Korea and abroad. But the one in Busan was only the second to be installed near a Japanese diplomatic mission. Mr. Kawamura said that statue violated the spirit of the deal the countries struck in December 2015 to resolve their dispute over the extent of Tokyo’s responsibility for what the women had to endure. In that agreement, which both sides called “a final and irreversible resolution,� Japan apologized and promised $8.3 million to care for the surviving women, in return for South Korea’s promise not to press any future claims. South Korea also promised to discuss Japan’s complaint about the Seoul statue with activists and survivors. “Each side, Japan and South Korea respectively, should implement the agreement with a sense of responsibility,� Mr. Kawamura said, specifying that the deal should extend to the statue in Busan. South Korea also reaffirmed its commitment to the agreement, though it has proved to be one of the most unpopular decisions made by President Park Geunhye, whose powers have been suspended since the National Assembly voted to impeach her last month over a corruption scandal.
The agreement fell short of the survivors’ demand that Japan pay formal reparations and accept legal responsibility for what happened to them. On Dec. 28, the first anniversary of the agreement, civic groups in Busan installed the statue on a sidewalk near the Japanese Consulate, despite repeated protests from Tokyo and the consulate. The local government immediately removed it, saying it had been placed there without permission, but bowed to public pressure two days later and allowed it to be put back. A visit that week by Japan’s defense minister, Tomomi Inada, to the Yasukuni Shrine in Tokyo, which commemorates a number of convicted war criminals along with Japan’s other war dead, had deepened resentments in South Korea. Shinsuke Sugiyama, Japan’s vice minister for foreign affairs, who is in Washington attending talks with his American and South Korean counterparts to discuss North Korea and other security issues, lodged an official complaint with his South Korean counterpart, Lim Sung-nam, over the Busan statue on Thursday. For his part, Mr. Lim strongly protested Ms. Inada’s visit to the shrine, officials here said on Friday. Japan last recalled its envoy to Seoul in 2012, after South Korea’s president at the time, Lee Myungbak, flew to a set of islets that both countries claim as their territory. The ambassador returned after 12 days. South Korea temporarily recalled its own ambassador to Tokyo in 2008, to protest new guidelines for Japanese textbooks that asserted Japan’s claim to those islets.
JAKARTA, Indonesia — Indonesia has stepped back from its decision to suspend military cooperation with Australia, moving to end a rupture that threatened an important military alliance in Asia. The rupture — over training material deemed insulting to Indonesia’s founding ideology that had been found on a military base in Australia — has highlighted the political challenges Indonesia’s president, Joko Widodo, has faced in recent months as he confronts threats to his power ahead of elections in February. Questions are being raised about whether Mr. Joko, widely known as Jokowi, knew that his top general was planning to suspend military ties with Australia. The general, Gatot Nurmantyo, is an ardent nationalist who is thought to have political ambitions of his own. The suspension of military ties with Australia threatened Indonesia’s efforts to improve relations with its southern neighbor and raised the specter of a deep split between the two countries, both vital American allies in the region. In a news conference Thursday night, Indonesia’s chief security minister said the suspension of military cooperation, announced earlier in the week, was limited only to language training, which remained suspended. The minister, Wiranto, stressed that “the bilateral relationship of both countries is running well.â€? “It does not mean the breaking of our defense cooperation fully,â€? he added. Mr. Wiranto, like many Indonesians, goes by one name. The confusing signals from Indonesia’s military come as Mr. Joko faces stark shifts in the nation’s political landscape amid the falling fortunes of his protĂŠgĂŠ, Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, the governor of Jakarta, Indonesia’s capital. Mr. Basuki, also known as Ahok, was widely considered a potential running mate for Mr. Joko’s reelection effort in 2019. But Mr. Basuki, an ethnic Chinese Christian, is fighting blasphemy charges and faces jail after large Islamist-led rallies against him, potentially hurting his hopes in February of becoming the first non-Muslim to be elected governor of Jakarta. He inherited the governorship from Mr. Joko after Mr. Joko won the presidency in 2014. A defeat for Mr. Basuki in court could spell trouble for Mr. Joko in 2019. “Up until September, everything seemed calm for Jokowi,â€? said Philips J. Vermonte, executive director for the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Jakarta. “Re-election was assured. And then the storm came, and that storm was in a package called Ahok.â€? The turmoil could have provided a political opening for Gen-
eral Gatot by publicly breaking with the Australian military over an issue of national honor. Officials said the suspension in military cooperation was precipitated by the discovery on an Australian training base of materials that apparently disparaged Pancasila, Indonesia’s founding state ideology, which mandates belief in monotheism and unity among Indonesia’s 250 million people. General Gatot, who has positioned himself as a defender of Indonesia, is widely thought to have political ambitions of his own. He is deeply suspicious of China and the United States. He has publicly mused that food shortages in China may send waves of hungry Chinese southward toward Indonesia. He has also claimed that the cause of gay
Confusing signals as Indonesian politics undergoes stark changes. rights amounts to a proxy war by Western interests to erode Indonesian culture. “It is a public secret that Gatot has political ambitions, and it will be a challenge for Jokowi to manage them as we approach the 2019 polls,� said Marcus Mietzner, an associate professor who studies Indonesian politics and the military at the Australia National University in Canberra, the Australian capital. “Gatot senses that his views are now falling on fertile ground, and that emboldens him further,� Mr. Mietzner added. Publicly, Mr. Joko stood by his general’s decision to suspend military ties, calling it a “matter of principle.� But Mr. Mietzner said Mr. Joko’s government, already tested by the huge rallies against Mr. Basuki, would be eager to put the flare-up with Australia to rest. “No doubt there will be serious discussions within the Indonesian government about how such a momentous diplomatic decision could have been taken by the head of the armed forces without involving the political leadership,� Mr. Mietzner said.
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THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 2017
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Russian Aircraft Carrier Is Called Home in Syrian Drawdown First Combat Mission Had Some Problems By ANDREW E. KRAMER
MOSCOW — Russia has ordered its only aircraft carrier to return home, part of a general drawdown of forces involved in the Syria conflict, a senior general announced on Friday. The carrier, the Admiral Kuznetsov, was sent to the eastern Mediterranean in the fall to mount airstrikes and other missions in support of forces loyal to President Bashar al-Assad of Syria. But the voyage became more of a show of force than an actual extension of it. The trip was the first combat mission for the Soviet-era ship, and it apparently was used to work out some teething problems for Russian naval aviation, which has never been a primary focus of the country’s military. The black-smoke-spewing Admiral Kuznetsov has an air wing of just 15 planes, much smaller than Western fleet carriers, which have about 60, and it experienced a number of problems on the voyage. Two of its 15 aircraft crashed while trying to land on the carrier. In both cases, the pilots ejected and survived. The remaining planes operated for a time from the Russian air base at Latakia, on land in western Syria, rather than from the carrier. The mission was only the eighth long-distance voyage the mechanically troubled ship has undertaken since it was commissioned in 1990. During a military exercise in the Mediterranean in 1996, its distillation equipment broke down, leaving the crew of 2,000 short of potable water; the American Navy came to its aid. On Friday, Gen. Valery Gerasimov, the chief of the Russian general staff, ordered the Admiral Kuznetsov and several accompanying ships, including the missile
By MUJIB MASHAL and FAHIM ABED
SYRIAN ARAB NEWS AGENCY, VIA EUROPEAN PRESSPHOTO AGENCY
Gen. Ali Abdullah Ayoub of the Syrian Army, left, visited Russia’s only aircraft carrier, the Admiral Kuznetsov, off the Syrian coast on Friday before the ship was to return to its home port.
333 SQUADRON/ROYAL NORWEGIAN AIR FORCE, VIA EUROPEAN PRESSPHOTO AGENCY
cruiser Peter the Great, to return to their home port, Murmansk, in the Arctic, Russian news agencies reported. The general was quoted by the Interfax news agency as saying that the Kremlin was “starting to downsize the grouping of armed forces in Syria” at the direction of President Vladimir V. Putin. The drawdown order was the second since Russia’s military operation began in Syria in September 2015. The first came last spring, and was followed by some
well-publicized homecomings for Russian pilots, but it resulted in little real change in the Russian military’s stance in Syria. Mr. Putin ordered the latest drawdown after a nationwide cease-fire in Syria took effect on Dec. 30. The truce has not halted all fighting in the country, and it does not apply to actions against the Islamic State or other terrorist groups. The carrier’s return trip to Murmansk is expected to take about 10 days, the Russian military said.
THE SATURDAY PROFILE
He Helped Topple Dictator, but in New York He’s a Face in the Crowd From Page A1 desert storm, raised his fists and yelled to supporters in the courtroom. Mr. Guengueng was in the courtroom, too, his trademark hat on the seat beside him, flanked by human rights advocates who had pursued justice against other dictators. He had been a key witness in the trial. Tears spilled from his eyes, a mix of pride and revenge and sadness and relief. “It was like an out-of-body experience for me,” Mr. Guengueng, 67, said. “Habré is in prison now. Habré must be saying, ‘Look at me now, he’s in this place and I’m in prison.’” For Mr. Guengueng, “this place” is a tidy, three-bedroom apartment in the Bronx, one of 160 apartments in a towering public housing complex on a busy, nondescript New York City street.
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n the human rights world, Mr. Guengueng is a celebrity, sometimes even stopped on the street by people who recognize him when he travels across the globe. In New York, he is another face in the crowd. Mr. Guengueng first came to the United States in 2002 from his mud-brick home in Ndjamena, the capital of Chad, to accept a human rights award. He met the actor Samuel L. Jackson, cruised California’s State Route 1 along the Pacific Coast in a convertible and detoured to check out Carmel-bythe-Sea. (“Très chic!” he said, eyebrows raised.) He returned to Chad, where most people live on less than $5 a day, to his job as an accountant at the Lake Chad Basin Commission, a multinational group that manages resources around the lake. His efforts in pursuing legal action against Mr. Habré were wearing on the commission, Mr. Guengueng said, and he lost his job. Mr. Guengueng blames his work with the commission for getting him into trouble with Mr. Habré’s government in the first place. At one point during Mr. Habré’s presidency, the commission had moved its headquarters to nearby Cameroon, and Mr. Guengueng presumes that Mr. Habré’s supporters passing through must have labeled the civil servants there political enemies. In 2005, while living in Chad, Mr. Guengueng had a tear in his retina. He had long worn Cokebottle glasses because of vision problems, and he said he suspected his time in prison had aggravated his condition. Reed Brody, a former Human Rights Watch lawyer who doggedly pursued the case against Mr. Habré, arranged for Mr.
Afghans Say 9 Are Killed In Ambush Of Hazaras
ANGEL FRANCO/THE NEW YORK TIMES
“If I had just allowed this situation to persist and had a normal life I would have felt incomplete.” SOULEYMANE GUENGUENG
Guengueng to fly to New York for medical care. He recovered in Mr. Brody’s apartment in Brooklyn, taking long walks in Prospect Park. While his eyes were healing he started hearing from friends and family members that his life might be at risk if he returned home. Mr. Habré was ousted in a 1990 coup, but he still had many supporters in Chad.
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ith the help of Human Rights Watch, Mr. Guengueng successfully applied for asylum in America. Soon, he brought his wife and seven children to New York. Then financial troubles and bad luck set in. Mr. Guengueng was on the Human Rights Watch payroll, working on the criminal case from New York. But that work ran out. He was hired as a night watchman. But in 2007 during a stroll on the Coney Island Boardwalk, he fell and broke his leg. His recovery was long, and he lost his job. His oldest daughter supported the family with a restaurant job. But she became ill and died, leaving the family with little income. Home life was tense. Mr. Guengueng is trilingual, but English has been difficult. Ta-
king classes has not helped. In New York, his wife felt as if she had lost her independence living in an unfamiliar place where she did not speak the language. And New York was cold. In Chad, afternoon temperatures rarely dipped below 90 degrees. Mr. Guengueng did not give up. He and some friends pooled their resources to buy a deli but lost the money when the deal fell apart. He enrolled in a course to learn medical coding and billing but could not find a job in that field. He tried driving a taxi but the work aggravated his leg, which has never been the same since the break. His wife took a babysitting course but had no space to care for children. Back in Chad, another daughter died in a fire. Mr. Guengueng was interspersing his daily tribulations with work on the Habré case, flying with Mr. Brody to courts worldwide to plead personally for justice. “He’s a hero,” Mr. Brody said. “He’s done so much to change history. Yet his day-to-day life is one of hardships and heartbreaks.” The family moved from a friend’s home on Long Island to a tiny rental in Queens. They could not keep up with the $2,000-a-month rent and were
evicted. Three and a half years ago, Mr. Guengueng’s family had to move into a homeless shelter, where they were crammed into two rooms. Determined to find something better, he practically memorized the intricacies of New York’s housing laws as he searched for government-subsidized housing. Finally, in March, the family left the shelter and moved into their current apartment in the Bronx. He lives there with three of his children; the others are now grown and have moved out. Most speak English, and one son, Jacob, 25, graduated from college and is an Uber driver.
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n a recent afternoon at Mr. Guengueng’s apartment, a film from Ivory Coast was on the television. Mr. Brody arrived to see his old friend. Mr. Guengueng insisted on pulling his dusty human rights awards and statuettes from his closet. He carefully fingered them like gemstones. Mr. Guengueng will be in court next week for the appeal, but his long obsession with the case is finished. “It’s like a psychological healing has taken place,” said Mr. Guengueng, whose face is marked by deep tribal scars. “If
I had just allowed this situation to persist and had a normal life I would have felt incomplete. Like I was half a man.” The case also was all-consuming for Mr. Brody. He left his job with Human Rights Watch this past summer and has taken on volunteer legal work for now. “We’re both unemployed,” Mr. Guengueng said, nudging Mr. Brody and laughing. Despite the hardships in New York, Mr. Guengueng calls his time in the United States a success. His family has health care. His children have an education. He and most of his family have become American citizens. And Mr. Guengueng is thrilled with his new apartment. “We’re in paradise now,” he said. Mr. Guengueng, who says he is too old to find a good job, spends his days shuffling between municipal offices for food stamps and housing allowances. Every once in a while, the grind is broken by a black-tie dinner in Manhattan where he receives awards for his work. He wants to create a foundation where he can advise other victims like himself, but he has yet to find a major donor. His own hardship is over. “Now,” he said, “I think about the others.”
KABUL, Afghanistan — Gunmen in northern Afghanistan ambushed ethnic Hazara coal miners on Friday, shooting at least nine of them dead and seemingly adding to a string of recent attacks singling out ethnic or sectarian minorities. The attack happened in the district of Tala Wa Barfak in Baghlan Province, a hub for coal-mining in northern Afghanistan. The miners were on a bus returning home to central Daykondi Province, according to Faiz Muhammed Amiri, the district governor of Tala Wa Barfak. “We don’t know who the attackers were, but the Anar Dara area, where it happened, is an insecure area, and antigovernment elements are highly active in the area,” Mr. Amiri said. “The people who were killed are from Daykondi Province, and I think all of them are Hazara.” Hazaras, most of whom are Shiite Muslims, have a long history of being abused in Afghanistan and have particularly suffered at the hands of the Taliban. But on Friday, a spokesman for the Taliban denied they were behind the attack, saying the area
‘They had just received their salaries and they were happy,’ a relative says. where it took place was not under their control. “We don’t have any connection with the incident in Baghlan Province; we are sad for those who lost their lives,” said the spokesman, Zabihullah Mujahid. While most accounts put the number dead at nine, different officials and local elders put the figure anywhere from seven to 13 people. Arbab Muhammed Rasoul, an elder in Barfak village who went to help collect the bodies, said two gunmen on a motorcycle stopped the bus and forced off all of the passengers, who were 25 to 40 years old, before opening fire on them. “We put all the dead bodies in a room in Barfak village and will send them to Daykondi tomorrow,” Mr. Rasoul said. Chaman Ali, a relative of one of the workers killed in the attack, said three people survived by jumping into a river. “They had just received their salaries and they were happy because they were heading home,” Mr. Ali said. Mine workers in Tala Wa Barfak make about $10 a day, relatives said. Some of the local officials suspected that Islamic State affiliates, who have claimed responsibility for other deadly attacks against Hazaras, were behind the killings. Samiuddin Nazer, a member of Baghlan’s provincial council, said officials had received reports of an Islamic State presence in Tala Wa Barfak about six months ago. But Gen. Noor Habib Gulbahari, the province’s police chief, played down such suggestions. “Some people were saying that the attackers were I.S. members, but we did not have any intelligence about the presence of I.S. in Baghlan before this,” General Gulbahari said.
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In Turkey’s Unrest, Some See an Extreme Version of Post-9/11 America By TIM ARANGO and RICK GLADSTONE
ISTANBUL — An Islamic State disciple kills 39 New Year’s revelers at an Istanbul nightclub. A gunman with a police badge assassinates Russia’s ambassador at an Ankara reception. Kurdish separatist bombers kill 14 soldiers on a bus in central Turkey and dozens of police officers at an Istanbul soccer match. Those assaults were just in the last few weeks, which made a car bombing on Thursday in the city of Izmir, where at least two civilians were killed, seem relatively minor. The 75 million people of Turkey, the NATO member and European Union aspirant that straddles Europe and Asia and was once seen as a stable democracy, are facing a ferocious onslaught of terrorist attacks unlike anything that has been seen in the West. Add to that the tumult from roughly three million Syrian war refugees, a resurgent Kurdish insurgency and a failed military coup — all tied, in the eyes of many Turks, to American negligence, or malice, or both. President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has responded with a furious crackdown on an array of perceived enemies, including the news media, and has lashed out at what he regards as Western complicity. While Mr. Erdogan’s critics have denounced what they see as a bald usurpation of power that has subverted democracy and polarized the country, many Turks, frightened and uncertain, are not complaining. They view his authoritarianism as reassuring and angrily reject outsider comments about paranoia and conspiracy theories. Some are even embracing the advent of President-elect Donald J. Trump, despite his anti-Muslim statements, viewing him as a decisive strongman sympathetic to Mr. Erdogan, an Islamist with little tolerance for those who dispute him. In some ways, political historians and scholars say, what is happening in Turkey parallels the aftermath of the 2001 terrorist attacks in the United States, the 2015 attacks in France and, most recently, the response to attacks in Germany. In all of them, many citizens were willing to overlook or forsake civil liberties, government powers grew, fringe groups strengthened and spread intolerance, and dissent was regarded with suspicion. “I think there are a lot of similar tendencies, and it leads to, in an extreme case, what we’re seeing in Turkey,” said Steven A. Cook, a senior fellow for Middle East and African Studies at the Council on Foreign Relations in Washington. Still, Mr. Cook said, “It’s not that far a leap to go to an extreme — can you imagine if the attacks in Turkey had happened in the United States?” On Friday, Hilal Kaplan, a columnist for Daily Sabah, a newspaper close to the government, lashed out at Western news coverage, including an article in The New York Times, that has emphasized conspiracy theories coursing through Turkish society that the United States is behind terrorism in Turkey. Describing the article as “an attempt to condescend and affront rather than reflecting an effort to understand Turkey,” Ms. Kaplan said that Turks have good reason to be suspicious of the United States. She pointed out that Fethullah Gulen, the cleric and former Erdogan ally who many Turks believe was behind the coup attempt,
Tim Arango reported from Istanbul, and Rick Gladstone from New York.
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The 8-year-old daughter of Fethi Sekin, a police officer killed Thursday by a bomb in Izmir, with his coffin during a funeral service Friday at the city’s courthouse. lives in Pennsylvania, and that a former C.I.A. official had once vouched for Mr. Gulen on his green card application. In addition, she called attention to something else: The United States has provided military support to a Syrian Kurdish militia fighting Islamic State extremists, a militia that Turkey considers an ally of the P.K.K., the outlawed Kurdish separatist organization regarded as a terrorist enemy. In her Friday column, headlined “Why Turkey is looking forward to Trump administration,” she added, “do they really need such details if their only wish is to represent the Turkish people as paranoid and Erdogan as a villain?” In another parallel to post-9/11 America, the Turkish government has aggressively exploited tragic events to stoke patriotic feelings and to frame the broader struggle within the country as a fight to secure democracy, even if democratic practices are eroded to do so. The comparison was not lost on Turkish scholars, even those critical of Mr. Erdogan, who were in the United States when the World Trade Center and the Pentagon were attacked. “I couldn’t believe the extent to which there was a rise in nationalism, even among academics,” said Kemal Kirisci, a senior fellow and director of The Turkey Project at the Brookings Institution, recalling his own memories of living in America. “I felt intimidated intellectually, almost felt censured.” After the coup attempt, the government moved quickly to memorialize victims and places rived by violence, renaming a bridge in Istanbul and a square in Ankara, and changing street names to honor citizens who died defending Mr. Erdogan’s government. At year’s end, the prime minister’s office delivered packages to foreign correspondents in Turkey. Inside a black velvet box, with a silver clasp, was a small marble chunk, described as rubble from the Parliament building in Ankara, retrieved after an attack was
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Police officers in Istanbul, near a nightclub where New Year’s revelers were killed. President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has responded to violence and a coup attempt with a furious crackdown. carried out during the coup attempt. A note said that the rock “is presented to you as a symbol of Turkey’s devotion to democracy.” And like American leaders who exhort citizens to maintain daily routines after terrorist attacks, the Turkish prime minister, Binali Yildirim, urged Turks this week to carry on. “Our citizens should not change the flow of their normal lives,” Mr. Yildirim said in a speech. “If they do, it will be serving the purposes of the terror group.” Mr. Erdogan and his allies see a double standard in the West’s reaction to Turkey, and say that some of the same measures Turkey is taking to combat terrorism, like resorting to emergency rule, have been embraced in the West, particularly in France. It is this disconnect — between how Turkey perceives its own experience and the West’s reaction to events in Turkey — that has contributed to Turkey pulling
away from its NATO allies, and moving closer to Russia. “In France there is emergency rule for three months, and again for three months, and lately for six months, in total for a year,” Mr. Erdogan said in September. “Is anyone from around the world asking France, ‘why did you declare emergency rule for a year?’” Mr. Erdogan emphasized that the violence Turkey has faced is far greater than in countries like France. “My brothers, Turkey was the scene of terror incidents so heavy that they cannot be compared with France, and more importantly we faced a coup attempt,” he said. “From this perspective I believe my country will understand the extension of emergency rule, and support it.” In a speech on Friday, Mr. Erdogan underscored the deep traumas Turkey has suffered in recent years. “I do not believe any other country exists that went on its way standing upright after living
with what we have gone through since 2013,” Mr. Erdogan said. “We became a unique example in history. We showed democracy can be protected together with security challenges.” Mr. Erdogan’s supporters say they are especially upset over how the West has reacted to Turkey’s response to terrorism, saying they had expected solidarity, not criticism. “This is an obvious, very serious and problematic disrespect against Turkey’s right to defend itself against terror,” said Mustafa Yeneroglu, a member of Parliament with Mr. Erdogan’s Islamist Justice and Development Party. Mr. Yeneroglu, the head of Parliament’s human rights committee, said Turkey faced the same conundrum any country faces when traumatized by terrorist acts. “If there is no security, there would be no room to enjoy the liberties,” he said. “This situation leads to prioritizing security while
answering questions, ‘security or liberty?’ This is not only valid for Turkey but for all over liberal democracies.” Turkish liberals say they understand the need for extraordinary measures, but they make two counter arguments. One is that Turkey’s broad crackdown — in putting so many journalists and intellectuals in jail — has gone too far, and is seemingly unrelated to fighting terrorism. Another is that, even with emergency rule, the country has become less safe. “On the contrary, we have faced more attacks, more terror,” said Yaman Akdeniz, a lawyer and professor at Bilgi University in Istanbul who represents many jailed journalists. He continued, “there is emergency rule in France, but there is no other country limiting fundamental rights and freedoms on this scale.” Orhan Kemal Cengiz, a prominent human rights lawyer who was briefly detained after the attempted coup, put it this way: “Yes, ISIS is attacking. The P.K.K. is attacking. There was this coup d’état attempt. But what is this to do with all these journalists? There are over 150 journalists in jail. And with every passing day, they arrest more and more people.” Marc Pierini, a visiting scholar at Carnegie Europe in Brussels who was a former European Union ambassador to Turkey, said the post-coup purges in the military, the courts and the police have, paradoxically, compromised the country’s ability to protect the public. Mr. Pierini also took issue with the government’s contention that its response to threats has been appropriate. “As we’ve seen after the coup, the reaction is way outside of the formal rule of law. You started arresting police and gendarmes, now writers, actors, journalists — so there is no limit,” he said. “When you start pulling the thread on the rule of law, the whole sweater can come off. And that’s where we stand.”
Brazilians Are Shaken by Harrowing Details From Prison Riots Around the Country From Page A4 vate companies, the violence in Roraima casts scrutiny directly on state officials. The Boa Vista prison, which is run by the state, has a long history of deadly riots and inmate escapes. The prison was built for 700 inmates but currently holds about 1,400. Carlos Paixão de Oliveira, a prosecutor in Roraima, publicly criticized the management of the facility in October, when inmates from the P.C.C. gang killed at least 10 rivals from Red Command. Mr. Oliveira suggested at the time that the prison should be demolished and replaced. “If they want, the inmates will carry out a new slaughter in there, because no one has control of that prison,” he said. Despite the writing in blood on Friday proclaiming the supremacy of the P.C.C., the authorities contended that the latest killings did not involve score-settling between gangs but a power struggle within the P.C.C. itself, or an effort Paula Moura contributed reporting from São Paulo, Brazil, and Vinod Sreeharsha from Rio de Janeiro.
Fears about a gang war to control the cocaine trade.
Police investigators and forensic technicians carried the body of a man killed in Manaus, Brazil, on Friday. A massacre at a prison there killed 56 inmates.
to project power by the gang. “We’ve been on guard about something like this for some time, transferring prisoners from Red Command to other units,” said Uziel Castro, the top security official in Roraima. “We think this had to do with an internal battle.” Either way, the scenes from the Roraima penitentiary offered an unsettling reminder of how the bloodshed in the country’s prisons is a problem that has been building for decades, revealing a system hobbled by corruption, overcrowding and mismanagement. Human rights groups compare the current string of uprisings to the Carandiru prison massacre in 1992 in São Paulo, when the police stormed the facility and killed 111 inmates. An appeals court recently voided the convictions of 73 police officers for their participation in the killings. The problems in Brazil’s pris-
“This war between the criminal factions is worsening,” said Antonio Cláudio Mariz de Oliveira, a former security official in São Paulo. “The problem is largely a result of the lack of attention towards the prison system, both by the government and the public.” “People only react when there’s an episode like this,” said Mr. Mariz de Oliveira. “Then they forget about it until the next one.” Indeed, some elected officials have expressed the hardened views held by crime-weary voters. José Melo, the governor of Amazonas State, said “there were no saints” among the dozens of inmates killed in the state’s prisons this week, calling the victims murderers, rapists or gang members. At the same time, officials in Mr. Temer’s administration have tried to play down the prison crisis. “The situation is not out of control,” said Justice Minister Alexandre de Moraes.
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ons that led to earlier episodes of carnage have intensified with the growing drug trade, security experts say. Brazil’s prison population has swelled this century as
the authorities lock up more people on minor drug offenses. Brazil now has a prison population exceeding half a million, with about 40 percent of detainees
awaiting trial. Drug gangs that originated in prisons are expanding their sway and battling one another for territorial control of the trade.
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Beating of Disabled Teenager Highlights a Crime That’s Often Unseen By MITCH SMITH and RICHARD PÉREZ-PEÑA
CHICAGO — The appalling video seized the nation’s attention this week: A group of young people kidnapped, bound, beat, slashed, gagged, humiliated and threatened to kill a teenager with mental disabilities over nearly three days, and laughed about it as they carried out their acts. But by far, the most unusual thing about the episode, advocates for people
with disabilities have said, was not the abuse itself, but the fact that it was recorded. Violence against people with disabilities is far more common than most people realize, advocates have said, and frequently goes undetected or is not taken seriously. The victim in the attack here, an 18year-old white man, suffered from schizophrenia and attention deficit disorder, prosecutors said in court papers filed on Friday. The four accused attack-
ers, ranging in age from 18 to 24, are black. The four appeared on Friday in Cook County Circuit Court and Judge Maria Kuriakos Ciesil ordered them held without bail. The defendants are accused of multiple felonies, including hate crimes. Prosecutors said the victim, who was found by the police on Tuesday, was targeted based on his race and his disability. During a Facebook video made by one of the defendants, another can be heard de-
nouncing white people, and, at one point, a man is heard saying he does not care if the victim is schizophrenic. “I’m wondering as I’m hearing this, ‘Where was the sense of decency?’ ” Judge Kuriakos Ciesil asked. In explaining her denial of bail, she added, “How do you put someone out there who has allegedly committed such horrible offenses against a person?” People with disabilities are more than twice as likely to be the victims of violent
crimes as those without disabilities, according to a Justice Department report based on Census Bureau surveys. And people with mental disabilities are the most likely to be victimized. But some advocates claim the disparity is actually much greater, saying crimes against those with disabilities are less likely to be pursued by law enforcement. They believe people with disabilities may be unable to take part in a surContinued on Page A13
ISSAQUAH JOURNAL
He Fixes Cracked Spines, Without an Understudy
PHOTOGRAPHS BY RUTH FREMSON/THE NEW YORK TIMES
For the last 26 years, Donald Vass, 57, has mended books for the King County Library System in the Seattle area. A prized piece of machinery he uses is a cast-iron board shears made in the early 20th century.
By KIRK JOHNSON
ISSAQUAH, Wash. — Sometimes a book just gets loved to death. A Bible, or a copy of “Charlotte’s Web,” for that matter, can be opened only so many times, even by the gentlest reader, before its spine weakens and surrenders. And here is a dirty little secret: Public libraries, despite their reputations for hushed wonder about the written word, can be rough places. Automated sorting machines, whirring conveyor belts and hard bins can break a book and shorten its life. Donald Vass, who has spent the last 26 years
mending and tending to books for the King County Library System here in the Seattle area, has seen both mechanical and human-inflicted damage and more. At 57 and with not many years left before retirement, he says he believes he will be the last full-time traditional bookbinder ever to take up shears, brushes and needles here. The skills take
too long to learn, he said, and no one is being groomed to take his place in “the mendery,” Room 111 at the library’s central service center, where not so many years ago 10 people worked. His is an ancient craft, and across many public library systems, is fading. It stands in particularly stark contrast here, in a region where Amazon reinvented the book business and is now leading a high-tech boom. Seattle’s Central Library, completed in 2004, is ultramodern and angular. Software engineers, often with corporate ID cards still clipped to their shirts or belts, fill the cafes and bars. Mr. Vass said the skill set of book mending Continued on Page A13
Killer Whale Featured in ‘Blackfish’ Is Dead By CHRISTINE HAUSER
Tilikum, the captive orca who killed a trainer at SeaWorld in Orlando, Fla., in 2010 and later became the subject of the documentary “Blackfish,” died on Friday. The whale had been suffering from a persistent infection from a bacteria found in wild habitats and natural settings, but the exact cause of death will be determined by a necropsy, SeaWorld Parks & Entertainment said in a statement. The orca, a male estimated to be about 36 years old, had been kept by the organization for 25 years. “While today is a difficult day for the SeaWorld family, it’s important to remember that Tilikum lived a long and enriching life while at SeaWorld and inspired millions of people to care about this amazing species,” the statement said. “Tilikum had, and will continue to have, a special place in the hearts of the
Tilikum, a captive orca who killed a SeaWorld trainer, was about 36. SeaWorld family, as well as the millions of people all over the world that he inspired,” said the president of SeaWorld, Joel Manby. Tilikum’s caretakers had said in March that the whale was afflicted with the infection that was likely to lead to his death. The whale was at the center of an orca breeding program that SeaWorld ended last year. The company also ended its killer whale performances in San Diego, where state lawmakers had brought intense pressure on the company after the documentary’s release.
With the death of Tilikum, SeaWorld now holds 22 orcas at its three facilities in Orlando, San Antonio and San Diego. SeaWorld also noted that Tilikum was “inextricably connected” with the death of his trainer, Dawn Brancheau, in 2010. “While we all experienced profound sadness about that loss, we continued to offer Tilikum the best care possible, each and every day, from the country’s leading experts in marine mammals,” the SeaWorld statement said. Tilikum bit down on the ponytail of Ms. Brancheau, his 40-year-old trainer, before dragging her underwater and killing her. After her death, SeaWorld conducted an extensive review that resulted in trainers further isolating themselves from the animals for safety. In 2013, the documentary “Blackfish” examined Ms. Brancheau’s death by looking at the mental state of whales that are taken from their pods in the wild and raised at marine parks. But SeaWorld
Tilikum at SeaWorld in Orlando. The whale was featured in the film “Blackfish,” which raised questions about the treatment of such animals in captivity.
MATHIEU BELANGER /REUTERS
pushed back against the film’s claims that the whales in captivity suffer physical and mental distress because of confinement. Tilikum has also been connected with the deaths of two other people: Keltie Byrne, a 21-year-old student and parttime trainer who slipped into a pool containing Tilikum and two other orcas in
1991, and Daniel P. Dukes, a 27-year-old man who slipped into SeaWorld after hours in 1999. Mr. Dukes was found dead, draped over Tilikum’s back. Tilikum came to SeaWorld in 1991 from Sealand of the Pacific in Canada, and the organization said it had not collected a whale from the wild in nearly 40 years.
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The 45th President Wrapping Things Up
Hospital Says Trump’s Son Helped Raise Money for It By ERIC LIPTON and MAGGIE HABERMAN
WASHINGTON — Eric Trump has helped raise $16.3 million for St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital of Tennessee over the past decade, a hospital official said in a letter sent to a charity run by Mr. Trump, the president-elect’s son. The letter comes as Mr. Trump is preparing to remove his name from the charity to avoid conflicts of interest that could emerge from future fund-raising. The letter confirms an account Mr. Trump gave to reporters that his organization has raised more than $15 million for the hospital, despite available tax records showing that the Eric Trump Foundation raised less than half that amount. Mr. Trump’s announcement that he will remove his name from the organization is one of a series of steps that members of the Trump family are taking to address potential conflicts before the inauguration. Other steps include terminating planned Trump Organization projects in countries like Azerbaijan, Brazil, Colombia and Georgia. In addition to removing his name from his charitable foundation, Mr. Trump will no longer personally solicit funds for it, he said in several interviews with The New York Times. To further avoid conflicts, Mr. Trump said in an email this week, his sister-in-law and a Trump Organization executive will step down from the foundation’s executive committee. The Trump Organization will continue to raise money for St. Jude from patrons at its hotels and golf courses, Mr. Trump said. But it will ask them to make contributions directly to the hospital, he said, instead of first sending the money to the Trump Organization. The St. Jude letter said that since its establishment, the Eric Trump Foundation had raised — or helped raise through affiliated groups — $16.3 million for the hospital, which offers free care to needy children. Tax documents filed by nonprofit foundations are often delayed by two years, so there is no public accounting of these totals yet available. The letter said that some of the money was raised via related efforts, such as an Eric Trump Foundation-affiliated team that participates in the New York City Marathon. “I am amazed by the many ways that you have personally embraced our cause and cared for our children and families,” Richard C. Shadyac Jr., president of the hospital’s fund-raising organization, wrote in the Dec. 30 letter, which Mr. Trump provided to The Times. “As you are aware, we are expanding our lifesaving work and are working to push cure rates even higher in this country and around the world, while improving the lives of survivors by developing and advancing treatments that reduce side effects. We are only able to do this because of the support provided by donors and supporters like you.” In his email this week, Mr. Trump said he would “continue to be a vocal advocate for pediatric cancer and St. Jude’s mission.” President-elect Donald J. Trump has announced that he is shutting down his own personal foundation, although it is currently the target of an investigation by the New York State attorney general over accusations that it did not have the proper permit to solicit contributions, and that it may have used money to benefit Mr. Trump’s own interests. No such accusations have been made about Eric Trump’s foundation.
KEVIN HAGEN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Eric Trump
AL DRAGO/THE NEW YORK TIMES
Representative Sheila Jackson Lee, a Democrat from Texas, objected during a joint session of Congress to accept the voting results from the Electoral College.
Congress Accepts Electoral Vote, but Not Without Grumbling By MATT FLEGENHEIMER
WASHINGTON — One by one, the Democratic lawmakers stepped to the microphone on Friday, holding on to their letters and an impossible dream: denying the presidency to Donald J. Trump, two weeks before his inauguration. And one by one, Vice President Joseph R. Biden Jr. — presiding over a joint session of Congress to validate the Electoral College results in Mr. Trump’s victory — turned back their challenges with a stoic message, pounding his gavel without hesitation. “It is over,” Mr. Biden said at one point, as Republicans rose to their feet to cheer. After weeks of fitful grumblings
about the long-shot maneuvers that might obstruct Mr. Trump’s path to the White House, the proceedings on Friday appeared to close the book. Lawmakers are permitted to make objections to both individual and state tallies, but they must be submitted in writing and signed by at least one member of both the House and the Senate. No senator chose to join the cause of the halfdozen or so House Democrats who raised complaints. The result was a parade of clipped protests from House members, drowned out quickly by the questioning of the vice president, who also serves as the president of the Senate. The members spoke of voter suppression, of Russian interfer-
Democrats object, and protesters speak out; but in the end, Republicans cheer. ence and of the bracing fear consuming many Americans. “Mr. President, I object because people are horrified,” began Representative Barbara Lee of California. Repeatedly, Mr. Biden asked if anyone could produce an objection that was joined by a senator. “In that case,” he said, to Republican applause, when no one could,
“the objection cannot be entertained.” As the exercise neared its end, Representative Maxine Waters, Democrat of California, stepped forward. “I do not wish to debate,” she said. “I wish to ask: Is there one United States senator who will join me?” Mr. Biden reached for his gavel. For Republicans, the state-bystate recap supplied a heartening reminder of November’s great surprises: victories for Mr. Trump in Florida, Michigan, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin. When the results in Colorado, a rare swing state victory for Hillary Clinton, were read aloud, a faint voice could be heard from the Democratic side: “Yea, Colorado.” But as Mr. Biden read the final
numbers — including a single vote from an elector in Washington State for Faith Spotted Eagle, a Native American tribal leader who has led opposition to the Keystone XL pipeline — more conspicuous demonstrations against Mr. Trump erupted among visitors to the gallery “I rise to defend our democracy. We reject this electoral vote,” one woman shouted as she was escorted out. “I rise to defend free and fair elections,” a man cried a moment later. “Donald Trump as commander in chief is a threat to American democracy.” A spokeswoman for the United States Capitol Police said two men and one woman had been arrested.
In Emotional Finale, First Lady Says, ‘I Hope I’ve Made You Proud’ By JULIE HIRSCHFELD DAVIS
WASHINGTON — Michelle Obama fought back tears on Friday during her last public remarks as first lady, overcome with emotion as she reflected on her eight years in the White House and delivered an intensely personal message of empowerment through education, one of her cherished causes. “Being your first lady has been the greatest honor of my life,” Mrs. Obama told an audience of educators in the East Room, her voice catching as her eyes shone with tears. "And I hope I’ve made you proud.” Her 21-minute speech, an appeal for hope and inclusiveness as the salves to the forces of fear and division, carried an implicit rebuke to President-elect Donald J. Trump, whom she did not name, delivered with the quiet intensity and aspirational language that came to mark her appearances on the campaign trail last year. “Our glorious diversity — our diversities of faiths, and colors, and creeds — that is not a threat to who we are; it makes us who we are,” Mrs. Obama said. “So to the young people here and the young people out there: Do not ever let anybody make you feel like you don’t matter or like you don’t have a place in our American story because you do, and you have a right to be exactly who you are,” she added. The speech was a striking finale for Mrs. Obama, once a reluctant political spouse who disdained the partisan fray, but who evolved over eight years into a popular and high-profile first lady, spending the final months of her husband’s presidency as a uniquely powerful voice for Democrats against Mr. Trump’s candidacy. On Friday, Mrs. Obama showed glimpses of her oft-expressed impatience to be finished with the fishbowl-like quality of life in the White House. “We’re almost at the end!” she exclaimed with a broad smile, but also the wistfulness of a person preparing to leave behind a role in which she had come to thrive. The setting was a fitting one for
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Michelle Obama said on Friday to never let anyone make you feel “like you don’t have a place in our American story.” Mrs. Obama’s valedictory, encapsulating the combination of “mom in chief” normalcy and celebrity star power that she has brought to her public initiatives, including the higher education project being celebrated Friday, the “Let’s Move” anti-obesity program and her “Joining Forces” effort to support military families. School counselors being honored for their work filled the East Room, but so did boldfaced names, including the actress Connie Britton, the pop star Usher and the comedian Jay Pharoah, who have lent their talents to promoting Mrs. Obama’s causes. She alluded to the challenges in-
A farewell speech about a cherished cause: empowerment through education. herent in the first lady role, which brings the highest degrees of public scrutiny but none of the built-in levers of power available to the rest of the White House. Her aides, Mrs. Obama said as she thanked them by name, “have worked miracles without any staff or budget to speak of — which is
how we roll in the first lady’s office.” Her voice began to thicken when Mrs. Obama, who grew up on the South Side of Chicago and was in the first generation of her family to attend college, spoke of her father, part of a discourse on the power of hope to fuel opportunity. “The hope of folks like my dad, who got up every day to do his job at the city water plant, the hope that one day his kids would go to college and have opportunities he never dreamed of,” Mrs. Obama said. “That’s the kind of hope that every single one of us — politicians, parents, preachers, all of
us — need to be providing for our young people, because that is what moves this country forward every single day.” The audience rose to applaud, and as Mrs. Obama struggled to keep her emotions in check, audience members and attendees who were assembled behind her for the speech wiped away their own tears. “Lead by example with hope, never fear,” Mrs. Obama said. “And know that I will be with you, rooting for you and working to support you for the rest of my life.”
Remember the Neediest!
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The 45th President Inside the Intelligence Briefing
POLITICAL MEMO
Trump Finds That Attack-Dog Strategy Has Its Limits By GLENN THRUSH
WASHINGTON — As a political underdog and now as president-elect, Donald J. Trump has employed the same brutal but effective go-to move when he’s tweeted or talked himself into an impasse: Attack the attacker. That aggressiveness served him well in the presidential campaign, and allowed him to muscle through scandals and self-inflicted management mistakes that would have scuttled a lesser politician. But Mr. Trump’s postelection effort to minimize intelligence assessments about Russia’s actions came to an abrupt end Friday after a detailed classified briefing from the nation’s top intelligence officials at Trump Tower and the release of an unclassified report concluding that the Russian president, Vladimir V. Putin, had a “clear preference” for Mr. Trump. By the end of the day, it was clear that the strategy of intimidation and bluster that served Mr. Trump so well in the presidential campaign would not prove nearly as effective in Washington. Here was a reminder, should Mr. Trump heed it, that a president’s critics, especially the lords of Washington’s national security establishment, can’t always be cowed by a flashgrenade tweet or a withering quip about the possibility that a “400-lb. hacker” might have breached Democratic servers. “I don’t think what worked in a campaign against Jeb Bush is really going to work when you are dealing, you know, with the combined power of the C.I.A., N.S.A. and the F.B.I.,” said John Weaver, a frequent critic of Mr. Trump who worked on Ohio Gov. John Kasich’s unsuccessful primary campaign against him. Senator Chuck Schumer, the New York Democrat who has a good working relationship with Mr. Trump, warned him recently that it was “really dumb” to take on the intelligence services. He
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Senator Ben Sasse, Republican of Nebraska, criticized President-elect Donald J. Trump’s response to news of Russian hacking. followed up with a warning on Wednesday that the presidentelect needed “to calm down” his Twitter usage. He’s not alone. In recent days, Mr. Trump’s aides have gently prodded him to drop the attacks on the intelligence community and mollify nervous Republicans by showing that he was moving ahead with forward-looking reforms of the sprawling intelligence-gathering bureaucracy, according to two people close to the discussions. “He can’t afford this fight,” one longtime adviser to Mr. Trump said. “He’s said it’s time to move on — well, move
on.” The decision to choose Dan Coats, a popular former senator from Indiana, as director of national intelligence had been in the works for some time, the officials said, but Mr. Trump’s advisers decided to announce the choice to ease concerns of a rift between the future Trump White House and the clandestine services. It is less clear if Mr. Trump’s admission reflects a long-term shift in strategy to appease his advisers or a momentary decision to escape a negative news cycle.
In the weeks leading up to the release of the report, the president-elect repeatedly cast doubt on an emerging consensus among intelligence officials, outside analysts and legislators from both parties that Mr. Putin had attempted to interfere with the election. As recently as Tuesday, Mr. Trump mused on Twitter that his classified briefing may have been postponed to cook the results. “The ‘Intelligence’ briefing on so-called ‘Russian hacking’ was delayed until Friday, perhaps more time needed to build a case. Very strange!” Officials denied that charge,
and James R. Clapper Jr., the director of national intelligence, told the Senate Armed Services Committee on Thursday that he was concerned about “disparagement of the U.S. intelligence community.” By Friday morning, he was still defiant, but there was a substantial, if subtle, shift in tone, reflecting Mr. Trump’s penchant for masking a change in tune by keeping the volume at full blast. He began pushing blame from the national security establishment to a pair of his favorite political chew toys — Democrats and the news media.
Hillary Clinton at a campaign rally in Pittsburgh in November. The intelligence report said Vladimir V. Putin of Russia believed Mrs. Clinton denigrated him when she was secretary of state.
NEWS ANALYSIS
Russian Intervention Was Not a One-Off From Page A1 publicly contrasting her unfavorably to him,” the report says, in unusually blunt and sweeping language. Perhaps most arresting is the assessment that Vladimir V. Putin, the Russian president, sees the election attack as payback — not offense, but defense. He has borne a serious grudge against Mrs. Clinton, who he believes denigrated him when she was secretary of state and encouraged the pro-democracy protests in Moscow that erupted against him in 2011. Mr. Putin, the report says, sees the hidden hand of the United States in the leaking of the Panama Papers, files stolen from a law firm that exposed the wealth of his closest associates, secreted in offshore accounts. He even blames the United States for the exposure — carried out mainly by international sports authorities — of Russian athletes for their widespread use of performance-enhancing drugs. “From the Russian perspective, this is punching back,” said Christopher Porter, a former C.I.A. officer who now studies cyberattacks at the firm FireEye. “We may not think that’s fair or justified, but that’s the way they see it.” Mr. Porter said Mr. Putin had
made no secret of his view that the United States, by promoting democracy in countries like Ukraine and Georgia, had interfered in Russia’s backyard and was trying to undermine its power. What is missing from the public report is what many Americans most eagerly anticipated: hard evidence to back up the agencies’ claims that the Russian government engineered the election attack. That is a significant omission: Mr. Trump has been expressing skepticism for months that Russia was to blame, variously wondering whether it might have been China, or a 400-pound guy, or a guy from New Jersey. There is only a whisper of dissent in the report — the eavesdroppers of the N.S.A. believe with only “moderate confidence” that Russia aimed to help Mr. Trump, while their colleagues at the C.I.A. and the F.B.I. have “high confidence.” While most of Congress and much of the public appears to accept the agencies’ findings, Mr. Trump’s prominent doubts, accompanied at times by scorn for the agencies’ competence, has rallied a diverse array of skeptics on the right and the left. Under the circumstances, many in Washington expected the agencies to make a strong public case
Early in the day, a fired-up Mr. Trump said in an interview that he was the victim of a “political witch hunt” aimed at discrediting his presidency before it began. He suggested that the culprits were supporters of Hillary Clinton who were “very embarrassed” by her loss. A short time later, before he was due to receive the classified briefing, he tweeted out a rebuke of NBC for broadcasting a Thursday night report on the intelligence agencies’ findings. “I am asking the chairs of the House and Senate committees to investigate top secret intelligence shared with NBC prior to me seeing it,” Mr. Trump wrote. And finally, after the meeting, he released a grudging statement: “Whether it is our government, organizations, associations or businesses we need to aggressively combat and stop cyberattacks.” Members of Mr. Trump’s own party seemed unwilling to give him any leeway on the hacking issue, prodding him toward a more aggressive stance in confronting Russia. “The men and women of our intelligence community are unparalleled,” said Senator Ben Sasse, Republican of Nebraska and a frequent critic of Mr. Trump. “Where is the urgency to make it clear to our adversaries that these attacks aren’t costfree?” And as Thursday’s Armed Services Committee hearing showed, Senate Republicans, led by Senator John McCain of Arizona, the chairman of the committee, are intent on shielding the intelligence agencies from any attack, even one waged by their own president. “McCain just got elected to a new six-year-term,” said Mr. Weaver, a longtime adviser of Mr. McCain. “He’s not going to let anyone attack people who protect the country’s interests, and he’s got nothing to lose.”
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to erase any uncertainty. Instead, the message from the agencies essentially amounts to “trust us.” There is no discussion of the forensics used to recognize the handiwork of known hacking groups, no mention of intercepted communications between the Kremlin and the hackers, no hint of spies reporting from inside Moscow’s propaganda machinery. At the top of every page of the report is a disclaimer that acknowledges what is missing: “This report is a declassified version of a highly classified assessment; its conclusions are identical to those in the highly classified assessment, but this
version does not include the full supporting information on key elements of the influence campaign.” It offers an obvious reason for leaving out the details, declaring that including “the precise bases for its assessments” would “reveal sensitive sources or methods and imperil the ability to collect critical foreign intelligence in the future.” The absence of any proof is especially surprising in light of promises on Thursday from the director of national intelligence, James R. Clapper Jr., that he would “push the envelope” to try to make more information public. Josh Earnest, the White House
press secretary, said that Mr. Obama had directed officials to “make as much of it public as they possibly can.” That will not be enough for many, as the initial reaction showed. While some welcomed the scope of the report, many others were disappointed. “This is big: CIA, NSA & FBI publish perhaps the most highprofile intelligence community assessment in US history,” Thomas Rid, a professor at King’s College London and an expert on cyberwarfare, wrote on Twitter. But Susan Hennessey, a former intelligence agency lawyer who is now the managing editor
of the online journal Lawfare, wrote: “The unclassified report is underwhelming at best. There is essentially no new information for those who have been paying attention.” Though the unclassified report is 25 pages long, counting the covers and several blank pages, the core analysis runs just five pages. That is less than the seven-page “annex” devoted to RT America, the television network. It is a description of the broadcaster from an intelligence report written in 2012, years before the election-related hacking took place. The agencies “have taken an all-source look at the broader Russian strategy,” said Mr. Porter, the former C.I.A. officer. The detailed description of RT’s tactics, though years old, he added, was included because they fit that strategy. Mr. Trump may have been persuaded by his classified briefing on Friday on the Russian attack, which included everything that the unclassified report leaves out, even if the statement he issued afterward seemed lukewarm. But this report is unlikely to change the minds of skeptics who, like the presidentelect, remember the intelligence agencies’ faulty assessments on Iraqi weapons of mass destruction and fear being misled again.
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The 45th President National Security; Conflicts of Interest
Putin Led a Complex Cyberattack Scheme to Aid Trump, Report Finds From Page A1 tipped the election to Mr. Trump. The public report lacked the evidence that intelligence officials said was included in a classified version, which they described as information on the sources and methods used to collect the information about Mr. Putin and his associates. Those would include intercepts of conversations and the harvesting of computer data from “implants” that the United States and its allies have put in Russian computer networks. Much of the unclassified report focused instead on an overt Kremlin propaganda campaign that would be unlikely to convince skeptics of the report’s more serious conclusions. The report may be a political blow to Mr. Trump. But it is also a risky moment for the intelligence agencies that have become more powerful since the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks, but have had to fend off allegations that they exaggerated intelligence during the buildup to the Iraq war. The declassified report did describe in detail the efforts of Mr. Putin and his security services, including the creation of the online Guccifer 2.0 persona and DC Leaks.com to release information gained from the hacks to the public. “Putin and the Russian Government aspired to help Presidentelect Trump’s election chances when possible by discrediting Secretary Clinton and publicly contrasting her unfavorably to him,” the report by the nation’s intelligence agencies concluded. Mr. Trump, whose resistance to that very conclusion has led him to repeatedly mock the country’s intelligence services on Twitter since Election Day, issued a written statement that appeared to Adam Goldman, Matthew Rosenberg and Matt Apuzzo contributed reporting.
POOL PHOTO BY NATALIA KOLESNIKOVA
Vladimir V. Putin, the Russian leader, sought to denigrate Hillary Clinton and deny her the presidency, an intelligence report said. concede some Russian involvement. But Mr. Trump said nothing about the conclusion that Mr. Putin had sought to aid his candidacy, other than insisting that he still believes the Russian attacks had no effect on the outcome. The president-elect’s written statement came just hours after Mr. Trump told The New York Times in an interview that the storm surrounding Russian hacking was nothing more than a “political witch hunt” carried out by his adversaries, who he said were embarrassed by their loss to him in the 2016 election. Speaking by telephone three hours before the intelligence briefing, Mr. Trump repeatedly criticized the intense focus on Russia. “China, relatively recently, hacked 20 million government names,” he said, referring to the breach of computers at the Office of Personnel Management in late 2014 and early 2015. “How come nobody even talks about that? This is a political witch hunt.” Later, Mr. Trump sought to blame the Democrats for any cyberattacks that might have occurred. “Gross negligence by the
Democratic National Committee allowed hacking to take place,” he said in a Twitter message posted about 11 p.m. “The Republican National Committee had strong defense!” Vice President-elect Mike Pence told reporters that he and Mr. Trump had “appreciated the presentation” by the intelligence officials and described the conversation as “respectful.” Mr. Pence said the new administration would take aggressive action “to combat cyberattacks and protect the security of the American people from this type of intrusion in the future.” Mr. Trump, who has consistently questioned the evidence of Russian hacking during the election, did so again Friday before he met with the intelligence officials. Asked why he thought there was so much attention on the Russian cyberattacks, the president-elect said the motivation was political. He also repeated his criticism of the American intelligence agencies, saying that “a lot of mistakes were made” in the past, noting in particular the attacks on the World Trade Center and saying, as
he has repeatedly, that “weapons of mass destruction was one of the great mistakes of all time.” But after meeting with the intelligence officials, Mr. Trump appeared to moderate his position, conceding that “Russia, China, other countries, outside groups and people are consistently trying to break through the cyberinfrastructure of our governmental institutions, businesses and organizations, including the Democrat National Committee.” The report described a broad campaign of covert operations, including the “trolling” on the internet of people who were viewed as opponents of Russia’s effort. While it accused Russian intelligence agencies of obtaining and maintaining “access to elements of multiple U.S. state or local electoral boards,” it concluded — as officials have publicly — that there was no evidence of tampering with the tallying of the vote on Nov. 8. The report, reflecting the assessments of the C.I.A., the F.B.I. and the National Security Agency, stopped short of backing up Mr. Trump on his declaration that the hacking activity had no effect on the election. “We did not make an assessment of the impact that Russian activities had on the outcome of the 2016 election,” the report concluded, saying it was beyond its responsibility to analyze American “political processes” or public opinion. The intelligence agencies also concluded “with high confidence” that Russia’s main military intelligence unit, the G.R.U., created a “persona” called Guccifer 2.0 and a website, DCLeaks.com, to release the emails of the Democratic National Committee and of the chairman of the Clinton campaign, John D. Podesta. When those disclosures received what was seen as insufficient attention, the report said, the G.R.U. “relayed material it ac-
quired from the D.N.C. and senior Democratic officials to WikiLeaks.” The founder of WikiLeaks, Julian Assange, has denied that Russia was the source of the emails it published. The role of RT — the Russian English-language news organization that American intelligence says is a Kremlin propaganda operation — in the Kremlin’s effort to influence the election is covered in far more detail by the report than any other aspect of the Russian campaign. An annex in the report on RT, which was first written in 2012 but not previously made public, takes up eight pages of the report’s 14-page main section.
A broad campaign of covert operations, but no evidence of vote tampering. The report’s unequivocal assessment of RT presents an awkward development for Lt. Gen. Michael T. Flynn, who is Mr. Trump’s choice to serve as national security adviser. Mr. Flynn has appeared repeatedly on RT’s news programs and in December 2015 was paid by the network to give a speech in Russia and attend its lavish anniversary party, where he sat at the elbow of Mr. Putin. Mr. Flynn has since defended his speech, insisting that RT is no different from CNN or MSNBC. The report also stated that Russia collected data “on some Republican-affiliated targets,” but did not disclose the contents of whatever it harvested. Intelligence officials who prepared the classified report have concluded that British intelligence was among the first to raise an alarm that Moscow hacked into the Democratic National Commit-
tee’s computer servers, and alerted their American counterparts, according to two people familiar with the conclusions. The British role, which has been closely held, is a critical part of the timeline because it suggests that some of the first tipoffs, in fall 2015, came from voice intercepts, computer traffic or informants outside the United States, as emails and other data from the Democratic National Committee flowed out of the country. The conclusions in the report were described on Thursday to President Obama and on Friday to Mr. Trump by James R. Clapper Jr., the director of national intelligence; John O. Brennan, the director of the C.I.A.; Adm. Michael S. Rogers, the director of the National Security Agency; and James B. Comey, the director of the F.B.I. The key to the public report’s assessment is that Russia’s motives “evolved over the course of the campaign.” When it appeared that Mrs. Clinton was more likely to win, it concluded, the Russian effort focused “on undermining her future presidency,” with proKremlin bloggers preparing a Twitter campaign with the hashtag #DemocracyRIP. It noted that Mr. Putin had a particular animus for Mrs. Clinton because he believed she had incited protests against him in 2011. Yet the attacks, the report said, began long before anyone could have known that Mr. Trump, considered a dark horse, would win the Republican nomination. It said the attacks began as early as July 2015, when Russian intelligence operatives first gained access to the Democratic National Committee’s networks. Russia maintained that access for 11 months, until “at least June 2016,” the report concludes, leaving open the possibility that Russian cyberattackers may have had access even after the firm CrowdStrike believed that it had kicked them off the networks.
Ethics Office Has Full Plate With Cabinet Of Well-to-Do From Page A1 billion dollars. Jared Kushner, Mr. Trump’s wealthy son-in-law, is in the process of submitting his own forms as he prepares to take a formal White House position, people involved in the process said. “The Office of Government Ethics is stressed, no doubt about that,” said Robert Rizzi, a partner at Steptoe & Johnson, who represents half a dozen Trump administration nominees going through the process, although he would not name them, citing confidentiality agreements. “They are having some difficulty keeping up.” All of the cabinet appointees and hundreds of others must submit a financial disclosure report detailing all the assets they own, their approximate value and income from any source they have made in the last year. Some of the nominees are so wealthy — and their assets so varied — there are not enough boxes on the standard form for them, lawyers involved in the process said. The disclosures are then used by the agencies they are to take over, along with the Office of Government Ethics, to identify potential conflicts of interest and to negotiate ethics letters to be signed by the nominees, committing to avoid conflicts of interest. At the same time, this class of wealthy incoming officials could save hundreds of millions of dollars in income tax payments, thanks to a special tax benefit created so that affluent Americans do not avoid federal government jobs. The Trump administration, lawyers involved in the effort said, is behind where it should be in this process of disentangling conflicts of interest. This is partly a reflection of the extraordinary complexity of negotiating such conflict of interest agreements for incoming government officials worth hundreds of millions, or even billions, of dollars. “Usually, you just own a bunch of stocks and bonds, but he’s getting people that own buildings and real estate and stuff you can’t sell,” said Alan Johnson, a New Yorkbased compensation consultant. “He has Wilbur Ross, who is probably involved in a gazillion different things. I think it is going to be very complicated to try to disentangle all of these things.” Mr. Ross is a billionaire investor and former banker who made a
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Rex W. Tillerson, right, with Senator Benjamin L. Cardin of Maryland. Mr. Tillerson filed an “ethics undertakings” memo with the State Department this week. fortune in steel, coal, telecommunications and other industries. Under federal law, executive branch employees, including cabinet members, are prohibited from using their positions in the government to enrich themselves, meaning they are not allowed to participate in any particular matter that might directly financially benefit assets they own. The best way to avoid such a conflict, said Lawrence M. Noble, former general counsel at the Federal Election Commission, is to sell any assets — like Exxon Mobil stock or any individual company stock — and put proceeds into Treasury bonds or mutual funds. “We don’t want the decisions that these individuals make to be influenced — in reality, or even appearance — by their own financial interests,” Mr. Noble said. “They are working for the American people, and not to enrich themselves or their families.” The rules do not apply to the president and vice president, although ethics experts — and even the Office of Government Ethics — have urged Mr. Trump to divest
his assets voluntarily to rid himself of potential concerns as he takes over the White House. He has thus far resisted such a move, saying that he plans to let his two oldest sons and other Trump Organization executives manage the business, perhaps with an outside monitor. For appointees like Mr. Tillerson, the transition to government
Wealthy appointees can get a tax break meant to encourage public service. can have lucrative benefits: They can take advantage of measures in the tax code meant to be an incentive for wealthy people to consider public service jobs. The measure was put in place during the administration of the first President George Bush. This tax benefit, which requires
case-by-case approval by the Office of Government Ethics, allows government officials to defer paying capital gains taxes on certain assets that they must sell in order to clear potential conflicts as they take office — essentially providing them with interest-free loans. To gain the tax advantage, the liquidated proceeds must then be invested in Treasury bonds, mutual funds or exchange-traded funds, and the official must seek a certificate of divestiture. Until now, Henry M. Paulson Jr., Treasury secretary under President George W. Bush, has been the most prominent example of a public official who has taken advantage of the divestiture certificate. In 2006, Mr. Paulson left Goldman Sachs and sold an estimated $500 million in Goldman stock, deferring taxes on the sale. In his memo, Mr. Tillerson suggested that he was likely to seek such a certificate, and laid out a series of plans to divorce himself from financial engagements, board appointments and Exxon Mobil. This means he will most likely avoid capital gains taxes
based on his sale of $50 million in Exxon Mobil stock he owns, as well as shares in more than 150 companies including Airbus and the Walt Disney Company, all of which he has promised to sell off within 90 days of his confirmation, his ethics documents suggest. But a more complicated task involved resolving the fate of two million shares of Exxon Mobil stock, worth about $180 million, that Mr. Tillerson was set to receive over the next decade. If he held on to this promised future payout from Exxon Mobil, he would still have a financial interest in matters that might affect the company and the oil industry. So Exxon Mobil agreed to take the unusual step of paying out the value of these sales and putting the money into an independent trust, with the money invested in neutral assets like Treasury bonds and mutual funds. Under the terms of the agreement, if Mr. Tillerson, 64, goes back into the oil industry during the next decade, he will forfeit any money left in the account. Richard W. Painter, a White
House ethics lawyer during the administration of President George W. Bush, said this provision preventing Mr. Tillerson from returning to the oil industry was unusual and positive, as it removes the incentive for him to take steps while in government that might benefit an industry he planned to return to work for upon his departure. “It gives up something I had never been able to get from other government officials — a promise not to go back to an industry from which you came,” Mr. Painter said. Still, some environmental activists say such steps cannot address what they argue will be Mr. Tillerson’s inherent bias in the State Department. “It is impossible for this man to remove his career, and frankly his personality, from the oil and gas industry,” said Lena Moffitt, director of a Sierra Club campaign trying to reduce the nation’s reliance on fossil fuels. “He has been knee deep in this industry for more than four decades.”
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The 45th President Critics and Criticism
From Kerry, a Diplomatic Scorecard By RUSSELL GOLDMAN
In an exit memorandum reflecting on eight years of United States foreign policy, Secretary of State John Kerry enumerated the Obama administration’s diplomatic accomplishments. But that record may be weakened or overturned by President-elect Donald J. Trump, who has denigrated many of President Obama’s policies. Here is a look at how the secretary and the president-elect see the major foreign policy issues differently.
By MOTOKO RICH
Iran Nuclear Deal KERRY Mr. Kerry praised the 2015 deal that the United States brokered with Iran to curtail that country’s ability to produce nuclear weapons. Mr. Kerry wrote that before the deal was struck, Iran was less than “90 days away from having the material necessary to produce one nuclear weapon,” but “today they are at least a year away.” He wrote on Thursday, “In reaching and implementing this deal, we took a major security threat off the table without firing a single shot.” TRUMP Mr. Trump made criticism of the nuclear deal a major talking point of his foreign policy in the presidential campaign. He has called the agreement “the worst deal ever negotiated.” At a speech to the American Israel Public Affairs Committee in March, he said, “My No. 1 priority is to dismantle the disastrous deal with Iran.” Later, he said he would renegotiate the agreement.
JIM LO SCALZO/EUROPEAN PRESSPHOTO AGENCY
THE SECRETARY John Kerry, a former senator, has been President Obama’s top diplomat since 2013.
Russia KERRY The secretary said that the United States tried to reset relations with Russia early in President Obama’s first term, but that a series of aggressions including “unprecedented cyber intrusions,” “military intervention in Syria,” and the “illegal occupation” of Ukraine impeded that effort. TRUMP Mr. Trump has made improved relations with President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia a cornerstone of his future foreign policy. After American intelligence agencies provided evidence that Russians hacked Democratic National Committee systems to help tip the election in his favor, Mr. Trump criticized the reliability of the intelligence community. He has praised Mr. Putin and said he would work closely with him to combat the Islamic State. Mr. Trump also seemed to upend American nuclear weapons policy when he declared in December: “Let it be an arms race. We will outmatch them at every pass and outlast them all.”
ABEDIN TAHERKENAREH/EUROPEAN PRESSPHOTO AGENCY
IRAN President Hassan Rouhani, center left, and the foreign minister, Mohammad Javad Zarif.
Climate Change KERRY Mr. Kerry devoted a significant portion of his memo to climate change, calling it “not just a threat to the future of our planet, but a growing and immediate threat to our national security.” He lauded an agreement struck between President Obama and President Xi Jinping of China, which bolstered a global climate agreement reached in Paris in 2015 that he called the most “ambitious, inclusive climate agreement ever negotiated.” TRUMP Mr. Trump has called climate change a “hoax," said he would “cancel” the Paris accords and vowed to dismantle the Environmental Protection Agency “in almost every form.” His nominee to run that agency is Scott Pruitt, the Oklahoma attorney general and a close ally of the fossil fuel industry, who has led the legal battle against
SERGEY PONOMAREV FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
SYRIAN MIGRANTS In Greece, in 2015. Mr. Kerry said it would be a “moral failing” not to help them.
Mr. Obama’s climate-change policies.
of detainees decreased to 59 from 242, with 20 approved for transfer.
Guantánamo Bay
TRUMP In a message posted to Twitter on Tuesday, Mr. Trump wrote: “There should be no further releases from Gitmo. These are extremely dangerous people and should not be allowed back onto the battlefield.”
KERRY Though the Obama administration never fulfilled a promise to shutter the Guantánamo Bay detention center, Mr. Kerry wrote that "no single action would do more to reaffirm our commitment to international human rights norms and remove a recruiting tool for terrorists than closing” the site. During Mr. Obama’s presidency, the number
Refugees KERRY “It would be a moral failing of the highest caliber to turn our backs on those in need
— including and especially from countries like Syria and Iraq,” Mr. Kerry wrote, adding that the United States had a “profound responsibility to help refugees.” TRUMP After the terrorist attack in San Bernardino, Calif., in December 2015, Mr. Trump called for “a total and complete shutdown of Muslims entering the United States.” Later in the campaign, he said: “We must suspend immigration from regions linked with terrorism until a proven vetting method is in place.”
Trump Meets With Editors, and Critics, at Condé Nast By LAURA M. HOLSON
President-elect Donald J. Trump arrived at 1 World Trade Center a little before 10 a.m. on Friday to face some of his harshest critics in New York: top editors and digital directors of Condé Nast’s stable of magazines, among them Vanity Fair, The New Yorker and Vogue. According to a tweet by Mr. Trump, he had been invited by Anna Wintour, Conde Nast’s artistic director and the editor of Vogue. Also in attendance were Graydon Carter, the editor of Vanity Fair, who has sparred with Mr. Trump since his days as an editor at Spy magazine in the 1980s, and David Remnick, the editor of The New Yorker, who is an expert on Russia. They have been among Mr. Trump’s most vocal detractors, along with the writers at Teen Vogue. The meeting, held in a confer-
Surprised Toyota Gets The Twitter Treatment; Japan Auto Shares Fall
ence room on the 42nd floor with a view of New Jersey, lasted barely an hour. In answering questions from editors, Mr. Trump addressed health care, climate change, relations with Russia, women’s issues and abortion rights. Mr. Trump mostly reiterated plans or policies he has discussed publicly for months, according to two people who were apprised of the meeting but spoke on condition of anonymity because they had not been authorized to talk. When asked about health care, for instance, he told the group that he did not want to get rid of the Affordable Care Act until he had another plan in place, one of the people said. Several editors contacted declined to discuss the meeting, which was off the record. “Not my preference,” Mr. Carter wrote in an email. “But I will abide by that.” A Conde Nast spokesman declined to comment.
Ms. Wintour visited Mr. Trump at Trump Tower in mid-December after she had criticized the Trump Foundation and suggested that Mr. Trump and his family would personally profit from his time in the White House. Ms. Wintour, a supporter of Hillary Clinton, later apologized for the comments. Mr. Trump was photographed entering Conde Nast’s headquarters alongside Michael Flynn, his choice to be national security adviser. Hope Hicks, a spokeswoman for Mr. Trump, and Kellyanne Conway, his incoming counselor, were also there. Hilary Rosen, a political strategist for SKD Knickerbocker in Washington, said all of Conde Nast’s brands have had a relationship with presidential families over the years. “It is a rich opportunity for content,” she said. Michelle Obama has been on the cover of Vogue, for example. At
the same, Ms. Rosen added, “It’s not like their progressive agenda is going to have an impact on Trump.” Ms. Rosen, who had close ties to the Clinton campaign, characterized Mr. Trump’s meetings with media outlets as “nothing more than an attempt by his team’s part to take the horns off.” In a phone interview on Friday night, Ms. Conway declined to discuss the substance of the meeting, but said it was an opportunity for Mr. Trump to “connect with the media.” She added that “no consideration was given to image.” In December, Mr. Trump criticized Vanity Fair on Twitter after the magazine gave the restaurant in Trump Tower a bad review. Subscription sales have soared in the wake of Mr. Trump’s criticism, the magazine said. And Vanity Fair printed his tweet on its latest cover.
TOKYO — Donald J. Trump sent shivers across the Japanese auto industry on Friday after warning Toyota on Twitter that he would impose a “big border tax” on the company if it built a new plant in Mexico. It appeared to be the first time he had taken on a foreign company for plans that did not directly involve the United States. The effects were immediate: Shares in Toyota and other carmakers fell in trading on the Tokyo Stock Exchange on Friday. And Japanese government officials hustled to respond to the rhetoric with soothing reminders of the jobs that the country’s auto manufacturers had created in the United States. “Toyota itself has tried to be a good corporate citizen in the U.S. to date,” said Yoshihide Suga, chief cabinet secretary to Prime Minister Shinzo Abe. Daily Gendai, one of Japan’s leading tabloid newspapers, declared in a front-page headline that “Trump tries to smash Toyota,” and another tabloid, Evening Fuji, hinted at a coming battle with its headline, “Trump vs. Toyota.” Throughout his presidential campaign, Mr. Trump said he would punish American companies that moved manufacturing plants offshore. Soon after his election, he claimed credit for persuading Carrier, the air-conditioner company, to keep 1,000 jobs in Indiana that it had previously planned to move to Mexico. And he thanked Ford Motor on Twitter this week for abandoning plans to build a small-car assembly plant in Mexico that Mr. Trump had repeatedly criticized. Mr. Trump’s Twitter post was not entirely accurate. He said Toyota would build a new Corolla factory in Baja, but the company is actually planning to build a new plant in Guanajuato, Mexico. (It already has a factory in Baja.) More significant, Toyota’s new plant in Mexico will not replace any of its 10 factories in the United States, where the company employs 136,000 people. The company said it had invested about $21.9 billion in the United States. “I think being fair is not really in the playbook of the presidentelect,” said Takuji Okubo, managing director and chief economist at Japan Macro Advisors. Toyota builds Corollas in Cambridge, Ontario, as well as in Blue Springs, Miss. No workers in either of those plants will lose jobs, and when Toyota opens the new facility in Mexico, the company plans to shift the Canadian workers to making small RAV4 sport utility vehicles. According to Hiroshige Seko, Japan’s minister of economy, trade and industry, Japanese carmakers manufactured about 3.86 million cars in the United States in 2015, up from 1.5 million in the 1990s, and employ about 1.5 million people. In response to a question about Mr. Trump’s post at a meeting of the Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association, Akio Toyoda, president of Toyota, said the company would not change its manufacturing plans in Mexico. “I don’t know yet exactly how, but, regardless of who becomes president, our business is about being good corporate citizens,” Mr. Toyoda said, according to a report in Japan Today. “And by becoming good corporate citizens, we are facing the same goal of making America strong. And so we will continue to do our best.” Even though there are only two weeks left to the inauguration, some analysts suggested Mr. Trump might still be in campaignpromise mode. “At the moment, it’s quite unclear whether Mr. Trump actually will push this policy after assuming office,” said Yoshio Tsukuda, founder of Tsukuda Mobility Research Institute, an auto industry research firm. “Right now we don’t know if he is just bluffing or serious.” But others said some of Mr.
Trump’s words could spur changes on their own. “I think the threat alone can actually force companies to behave in a more Trump way,” Mr. Okubo said. “So I think regardless of whether the border tax would actually be implemented, I think he will continue to use the threat to pressure companies.” While Mr. Trump singled out Toyota on Thursday, analysts said that his views on trade clearly extended beyond a single company. “The U.S. is no longer a champion of free trade as a nation,” wrote Genki Fujii, visiting professor at Takushoku University in Tokyo, in a column in Evening Fuji. In comments to the Japanese broadcaster NHK, Takao Shindo, president of Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation, expressed concerns that Mr. Trump would repeal the North American Free Trade Agreement, which affects Japanese manufacturers with plants in Mexico shipping to the United States. These companies “will face a tough situation,” Mr. Shindo said. Some analysts said that once Mr. Trump understood what Toyota was doing with its plants, he might back down. “Toyota still is expanding local U.S. production in the long term,” said Takaki Nakanishi, an independent auto industry analyst in Tokyo. “Not at this point in time, because the U.S. market is near saturation, but over the long term I think there is more capacity to expand the Mississippi plant.” “Job growth is coming in the
Trump aims his internet megaphone at a foreign company. long term” in the United States, he added. “That’s why I think Donald is misunderstanding Toyota’s intention.” But Mr. Nakanishi, who was on his way to the annual North American International Auto Show in Detroit, said he was not surprised by Mr. Trump’s rhetoric. “He wants to protect jobs for the United States,” he said. “So regardless of the origin of the company, he is just trying to do his job.” Japan has already been rattled by Mr. Trump’s election given his campaign criticism of Japanese trade barriers and the cost of United States military support. Prime Minister Abe was the first world leader to land a meeting with the president-elect, and he is seeking a follow-up meeting shortly after the inauguration. His advisers have also been meeting with members of Congress and Mr. Trump’s transition team . Some economists fear that Mr. Trump could return to the trade wars of the 1980s with his policies. Jun Saito, a senior research fellow at the Japan Center for Economic Research, said economic conditions were starting to resemble those of the United States in the 1980s, when the dollar was stronger and the country had a large trade deficit with Japan. “That was the background for the trade friction between Japan and the United States,” Mr. Saito said. Japan’s trade surplus with the United States — about 7.2 trillion yen, or about $62 billion, in 2015 — is smaller than China’s, but it could nevertheless draw Mr. Trump’s ire. “I think we have to be very careful. We can’t be too optimistic.” Mr. Okubo of Japan Macro Advisors said Mr. Trump might also accuse the Bank of Japan of currency manipulation, given that in inflation-adjusted terms, the yen is at a 40-year low. “I think this could be just the beginning,” Mr. Okubo said. “I think the Japanese government has to be really careful not to act in a way that could be interpreted as manipulating the exchange rate.”
KAZUHIRO NOGI/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES
A Toyota showroom in Tokyo. Donald J. Trump threatened high taxes on the carmaker on Friday if it added a plant in Mexico.
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The 45th President Along the Border
Trump Insists Mexico Will Pay for Wall After U.S. Begins the Work By MICHAEL D. SHEAR and EMMARIE HUETTEMAN
WASHINGTON — As congressional Republicans on Friday discussed quickly moving ahead with plans for a southern border wall using money included in this year’s spending bills, Presidentelect Donald J. Trump insisted that Mexico would ultimately pay for its construction. “We’re going to get reimbursed,” Mr. Trump said during a brief telephone interview. “But I don’t want to wait that long. But you start, and then you get reimbursed.” The congressional Republicans’ talk led to speculation that Mr. Trump was retreating on his campaign promise to make Mexico pay for the wall. Mr. Trump insisted he is not. Republicans have balked at increases in domestic spending during the Obama administration and are unlikely to enthusiastically rally behind a proposal that could require billions of taxpayer dollars. Building a wall to keep out unauthorized immigrants could also face intense opposition from a bipartisan coalition in Congress that argues that a vast barrier along the border would be ineffective in stopping people who are determined to enter the country illegally and would represent a symbolic affront to the idea that the United States is a welcoming country that embraces immigration. In the interview, Mr. Trump vowed that Mexico would ultimately reimburse the United States. He said that payment would most likely emerge from his efforts to renegotiate the North American Free Trade Agreement with the Mexican government. “It’s going to be part of everything,” Mr. Trump said of the cost of building the wall. “We are going to be making a much better deal. It’s a deal that never should have been signed.” But he said that the trade negotiations would take time and that he supported the idea of using taxpayer money to begin construction of the border wall “in order to speed up the process.” The full cost of a wall as described by Mr. Trump could be enormous. Attaching such a charged issue to annual, mandatory government funding measures could instigate a risky political fight. Those who want to block money for the wall by holding up the bills could find themselves accused of shutting down the government. The Government AccountabilThomas Kaplan contributed reporting.
JOSE LUIS GONZALEZ/REUTERS
Part of the U.S.-Mexico border wall. President-elect Donald J. Trump wants to use American taxpayer money to “speed up the process” of building a new barrier. ity Office has estimated it could cost $6.5 million per mile to build a single-layer fence, with an additional $4.2 million per mile for roads and more fencing, according to congressional officials. Those estimates do not include maintenance of the fence along the nearly 2,000-mile border with Mexico. “The chairman and the committee have no interest in threatening a shutdown,” said Jennifer Hing, a spokeswoman for the House Appropriations Committee, referring to Representative Rodney Frelinghuysen, Republican of New Jersey and the committee’s new chairman. If funding for the border wall is included in spending bills this spring, it would provide money to begin construction on a barrier that was authorized by legislation passed in 2006, but was never completed. Ms. Hing said neither Mr. Trump’s transition team nor Republican leaders had asked for funding to build a wall on the Mex-
ican border. “If and when a proposal is received, we will take a careful look at it,” she said in an email on Friday. At a rally in August in Phoenix, hours after meeting with Presi-
A plan that would cost taxpayers billions of dollars and could face hurdles in Congress. dent Enrique Peña Nieto of Mexico, Mr. Trump vowed that America’s southern neighbor would bear the financial burden of securing the border. “Mexico will pay for the wall, believe me — 100 percent — they don’t know it yet, but they will pay for the wall,” Mr. Trump said. “They’re great people, and great
leaders, but they will pay for the wall.” In a Twitter post on Friday, Mr. Trump mocked news reports about the possible taxpayer funding of the border barrier, suggesting that Mexico would be forced to reimburse the American government for any costs incurred in building the wall. “The dishonest media does not report that any money spent on building the Great Wall (for sake of speed), will be paid back by Mexico later!” he wrote early Friday. Vicente Fox, who was Mexico’s president from 2000 until 2006, responded to Mr. Trump’s Twitter message with a barrage of outraged posts that became an internet talking point on their own. In one of them, he made reference to the intelligence agency reports about Russian meddling in the 2016 election. “Sr Trump, the intelligence report is devastating,” Mr. Fox said. “Losing election by more than 3M votes and in addition this. Are you
a legitimate president?” Representative Chris Collins, Republican of New York and one of Mr. Trump’s liaisons on Capitol Hill, said on Friday morning that members of his party in Congress were eager to get moving on construction of a border wall, even if that meant using taxpayer money to finance it. In an appearance on the CNN program “New Day,” Mr. Collins said it should come as no surprise to anyone that the United States government would have to pay for building the wall. “Of course, we have to pay the bills,” he said. “We’re building the wall.” As a candidate, Mr. Trump’s promise to build a wall to keep out immigrants from Mexico was one of his most powerful speaking points. He often used it at rallies to whip up his supporters and bolster his argument that illegal immigration was damaging the United States. His repeated pledge to make Mexico pay was in part a way to rebut one of the central criticisms
of a border wall — that its cost could run into the many billions of dollars. Democrats slammed the reports that Mr. Trump would ask Congress to fund the project. “If President Trump asks Congress to approve taxpayer dollars to build a wall, which he has always said would not be paid for by U.S. taxpayers, we will carefully review the request to determine if these taxpayer dollars would be better spent on building hospitals to care for our veterans, roads and bridges to help taxpayers get to work, and for N.I.H. to find cures for cancer,” Senator Patrick J. Leahy of Vermont, the top Democrat on the Appropriations Committee, said in a statement. Representative Nancy Pelosi of California, the Democratic leader, said she thought even Republicans might balk at spending what she said could be $14 billion on a wall. “I think that’s a heavy sell,” she said. “I think that’s a tough sell for them.”
The family of a man assaulted in Chicago over nearly three days held a news conference on Thursday after charges were announced.
ISSAQUAH JOURNAL
He Fixes Cracked Spines, Without an Understudy From Page A8 took him 15 years to master — how to diagnose a book’s ills, what to patch and what to leave alone, how to hide evidence of a repair. He uses hypodermic needles to shoot bits of wheat paste into the corners of dogeared covers to stiffen them, and an old-fashioned screw press to hold pages in place while adhesives dry. He talks of his repaired books — 60 to 80 a month — as if they were children heading out into a dangerous, unpredictable world. “I’m reluctant, many times, to send them out because I know what they’re going to be up against,” said Mr. Vass, a softspoken man who is used to working alone. Menderies, often called book hospitals, were once common in library systems across the nation. But the digital revolution, cost-control pressures and shifting reader tastes pushed many libraries away from paper and the maintenance of fragile old classics. The internet has made it easy to find used books to replace worn ones, and to borrow through interlibrary lending systems. “We don’t mend anymore; it’s a lost art,” said Alan Hall, the director of the public library of Steubenville and Jefferson County, Ohio, for the last 33 years. “It was a question of what you could do without, but it’s also technology taking the place of it.” Even the humble word “to mend,” which derives from a French term for atonement, or “to put right,” is dropping out of circulation, librarians said. Conservation is now the operative term for the specialized, highly skilled work taught in graduate degree programs at places like New York University and the University of Delaware. Gradu-
RUTH FREMSON/THE NEW YORK TIMES
Donald Vass repairs between 60 and 80 books a month. He said it took him 15 years to master the skill set of book mending. ates of such schools are hired by government archives, university research libraries and some big public systems with deep reserves like the New York Public Library, and by art shops that will bring your grandmother’s tattered copy of “Great Expectations,” back to luster at a price of $500 or more an hour. “Conservation has gone through an accreditation/professionalization process,” said Stephanie Lamson, the director of Preservation Services at the University of Washington Libraries. Technology plays a bigger role now too, supplanting some of the traditions of book repair that were based on long apprenticeship and practice. “It is quite interdisciplinary,” Ms. Lamson said in an email, “and draws from a wide range of techniques and technologies from microscopy to digital imaging.” Books themselves have been changing for an even longer period, Mr. Vass said, beginning in the mid-1800s, when growing literacy and a mass market —
the era of dime novels — drove a switch from traditional stitching to much cheaper glues. But those older glues were acidic time bombs that ate books alive, Mr. Vass said. “The people who did that first adhesive binding — they really have a lot to answer for.” Mr. Vass, who came to book repair through early training as a fine artist and painter, said his mendery had almost no modern technological tools and needs none. “A computer does not do anything here — it only interrupts,” he said. His prized piece of machinery is a large cast-iron board shears that had a previous life slicing boxes in a candy company. Made in the early 20th century, it can cut a book’s replacement cover pieces, called boards, with absolute precision. He bought it at an estate sale, covered with dirt and rust, for $50 and restored it. His one exception to technological intrusion is a CD player remote control that he keeps on his work bench. But what plays on the two small speakers above
the door is also distinctively out of step with the modern world. Mr. Vass listens to medieval and Renaissance music, and what he hears, in the ethereal choral and cathedral pieces written by composers like Christopher Tye, who lived in England in the 1500s or Jehan de Lescurel, a French poet and composer of the 1400s, creates what Mr. Vass called “a perfect harmony” with his work. The work of Johann Sebastian Bach, who wrote music in the 1700s, is an exception to the mendery’s typical Top 40, which tilts toward tunes from the 13th to 16th centuries. “Bach seems like a modern composer to me,” Mr. Vass said with a smile. Love of books pervades the work of the mendery — and the desire to protect them from the harsh threats of the outside world. Damage from automated library sorting and processing machines, for example, has led Mr. Vass to create cardboard box covers to fit newly repaired volumes, like a kind of armored overcoat. Library patrons, worried or grieving over a damaged or worn-out book — often a childhood treasure — sometimes find Mr. Vass and ask for his help. If time allows, he said, he does the work and charges nothing, justifying such side projects, he said, in that they often hone his skills. Words leap occasionally from the pages he works on, in an author’s voice, usually long dead, speaking to him. He keeps one such quote prominently on his desk: “Whatever struggle you have met, find its meaning and it will cease to be a struggle.” He remembers nothing else about the book, neither title nor author. But he knows that he sent it back out, mended and ready to fight on for another day.
PATRICK KUNZER/DAILY HERALD, VIA ASSOCIATED PRESS
Beating Caught on Video Highlights a Larger Issue From Page A8 vey or go to the police, or may have trouble being understood. As a result, their complaints often are not taken seriously. “There are probably thousands of other cases just like this one in Chicago, and in some cases worse, that will never see the impact of the justice system because folks don’t know about it,” said Rebecca Cokley, the executive director of the National Council on Disability, a federal agency. “In a lot of cases with people with disabilities, the perpetrators are family members or caretakers, so what happens when the person who would have to take you to the police station is your abuser?” Advocates have said the underlying problem is a pervasive attitude, conscious or not, that people with disabilities are not fully human. They pointed to a recent case in Idaho, where a white high school football player was charged with shoving a coat hanger into the rectum of another teenager, who was black and had mental disabilities, after having harassed the student and directed racial slurs at him for months. Though the accused student was 18 at the time of the assault, he was sentenced to probation rather than prison.
“We have, unfortunately, devalued disabled people forever, which means we devalue their suffering,” said Curt Decker, executive director of the National Disability Rights Network, a nonprofit advocacy group. “What we experience all the time is that police, prosecutors, judges say, ‘Oh, this case is hard, it’s not worth our trouble. This person is hard to understand, or they’re not credible, or they won’t stand up to cross-examination.’” Mr. Decker said that when Congress spent years drafting, debating, and finally voting on hate crimes legislation, which passed in 2009, it was a struggle to ensure that it punished crimes singling out people with disabilities, as well as bias based on categories like race or sex. Forty-six of the 50 states have hate crimes laws, according to the Anti-Defamation League, but 17 of them do not specify people with disabilities as a protected group. Vilissa Thompson, an organizer of the Harriet Tubman Collective, a coalition of advocates for disabled black people, said, “People are ignorant about the extent of violence against disabled people, but what’s worse is that there’s this kind of misplaced sympathy for the perpetrator, especially when it’s a parent or caregiver.”
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Left, travelers were evacuated from the airport after a gunman began shooting at a crowded baggage area. Right, passengers dived to the floor and sought protection wherever they could find it.
MIKE STOCKER/SOUTH FLORIDA SUN-SENTINEL, VIA ASSOCIATED PRESS
MIKE STAROBINSKY/MAXWILLSOLUTIONS, VIA REUTERS
There were scenes of chaos and fear outside the airport as reports spread that more gunshots had been heard. A suspect was caught inside a terminal and was later interviewed by the F.B.I.
Gunman in Airport Attack May Have Heard Voices, Officials Say From Page A1 “Everybody was dropping gear, panicking, jumping over tables,” Mr. Fogarty said in a phone interview. “We were saying: ‘What is going on? Are there people shooting?’ I am not hearing any gunshots, and the whole place is panicking.” Officers took Mr. Santiago into custody without firing a shot, and on Friday evening, he was being interviewed by F.B.I. agents and county investigators, as the wounded were being treated at hospitals. The senior law enforcement official said Mr. Santiago was making “disjointed” statements in his Anchorage F.B.I. visit. “Although Santiago stated that he did not wish to harm anyone, as a result of his erratic behavior, interviewing agents contacted local authorities,” who took him to a medical facility for evaluation, the official said. “The F.B.I. closed its assessment of Santiago after conducting database reviews, interagency checks, and interviews of his family members,” the official said. On Twitter, President-elect Donald J. Trump said that he was “monitoring the terrible situation in Florida” and that he had spoken to Gov. Rick Scott. Hours after the attack, a picture began to emerge of Mr. Santiago as a man who had served his country, but who had experienced trouble and failure. Mr. Santiago was discharged in August from the Alaska Army National Guard for “unsatisfactory performance,” according to Lt. Col. Candis A. Olmstead, the spokeswoman for the Alaska Guard. In September, Mr. Santiago became a father when his son was born, according to an aunt, Maria Luisa Ruiz, a resident of Union City, N.J., who spoke on Friday to the newspaper The Record. In an email, Ms. Olmstead said that Mr. Santiago joined the Puerto Rico National Guard in December 2007. In 2010, he deployed to Balad, Iraq, with the 130th Engineer Battalion, which spent a year clearing roads of improvised explosives and maintaining bridges; he was awarded a Meritorious Unit Commendation. At least two soldiers from his company were killed in insurgent attacks during the tour, but there is nothing in the record that indicates Mr. Santiago had been in combat. Ms. Olmstead said he served in the Army Reserves before joining the Alaska Army National Guard in November 2014. Before his discharge last year, he worked as a Lizette Alvarez reported from Fort Lauderdale, Richard Fausset from Atlanta and Adam Goldman from Washington. Reporting was contributed by Neil Reisner and Nick Madigan from Fort Lauderdale; Daniel Victor, Erin McCann and Christine Hauser from New York; Frances Robles from Miami; Eric Lipton from Washington; and Carla Minet from Cidra, Puerto Rico.
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Roads into and out of Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport were blocked after the shooting early Friday afternoon. combat engineer as a private first class. An official service record released on Friday by the Army showed that Mr. Santiago had received a number of commendations, including the Army Good Conduct Medal. Mr. Santiago’s brother, Bryan Santiago, told The Associated Press that Esteban was born in New Jersey and moved to Puerto Rico when he was 2.
An Unknown Motive Nelson Cruz, a Puerto Rico senator who represents Peñuelas, the city in Puerto Rico where Mr. Santiago grew up, said he met Mr. Santiago about seven or eight years ago, and found him to be a “good young man” who loved his family.
Mr. Cruz said he spoke on Friday with Bryan Santiago, who relayed that the family was shocked by the news of the killings. The family offered no known motive for the crime, but noted that Esteban had recently been hallucinating and was receiving psychological treatment. “Bryan said his brother went to Iraq or Afghanistan, one of those places, and came back with psychological problems,” Mr. Cruz said. “He would suddenly see visions, but that he was a calm young man and was never violent.” Esteban Santiago liked sports (particularly boxing, as Bryan is a boxing trainer) and was proud of his military career. “We don’t know what happened with this guy,” Mr. Cruz said. “He was an in-
telligent, brilliant young man who came back affected. When he came back from the conflict, he did not return well.” He added that the family wanted to express condolences, but was in a state of panic over the number of news reporters outside their house. At a news conference late Friday in Florida, officials warned that learning the gunman’s motive would be a long, complex process. “We have not ruled out terrorism, and we will pursue every angle to try to determine the motive behind this attack,” said George Piro, the special agent in charge of the F.B.I.’s Miami division. The shooting comes at a tense time for a nation that has been watching nervously as terrorist attacks have occurred elsewhere in the world, and as Mr. Trump, who has promised to bar Muslims from entering the country, prepares to ascend to the presidency. Officials said that he had flown on a flight from Alaska to Minneapolis, and then to Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport. In a Facebook post, a Broward County commissioner, Chip LaMarca, said the assailant had been a passenger on a Canadian flight who had checked his weapon in his luggage and then, upon disembarking, went to the airport bathroom to load it. “Came out shooting people in baggage claim,” Mr. LaMarca wrote. On CNN, Mark Lea, a witness, said the gunman “just randomly shot people, no rhyme or reason.” After the shootings, the gunman laid facedown, spread eagle and “waited for the deputies to come get him,” he said. At that point, the gunman showed no remorse, Mr. Lea said. “He didn’t say anything,” he said. “Nothing. No emotion, no nothing. About as straight-faced as you could get.” Witnesses also recounted scenes of confusion and fear. “All of a sudden there was a stampede,” said Tara Webber, 41,
GASTON DE CARDENAS/EUROPEAN PRESSPHOTO AGENCY
Airliners sat for hours along the tarmac during a lockdown at the Fort Lauderdale airport.
of Allentown, Pa., who was heading home after a four-day cruise to the Bahamas and was waiting with relatives in Terminal 3 for her flight. Those who were not running, she said, “hit the floor.” She and her father, Dan Trinkle, 63, dived under a set of plastic chairs. Ms. Webber said she almost landed on a little girl, who was crying, and tried to comfort her. “This was the scariest thing I’ve ever done in my life,” said Ms. Webber, who works for her father’s limousine company. “We’re going to get a car and drive all the way home.” Her father said he went for the floor like evEsteban eryone else. Santiago “Then the cops told us to leave all our stuff and get out,” he said. “Everything was thrown around all over the place.” Mr. Trickle said the police and airport authorities seemed unsure of how to handle the situation. “As far as I’m concerned, they weren’t prepared for something like this,” he said. “We were all out on the runway for hours. It made no sense.” He said he and his family were allowed to leave after three hours and go to a hospital only because his girlfriend, Barbara Keinert, 57, had left her insulin on the cruise ship and needed another dose.
‘He Is a Lone Shooter’ The suspect’s name was made public by Senator Bill Nelson, Democrat of Florida, soon after the shooting. Mr. Nelson said he had learned the name from the administrator of the Transportation Security Administration, Peter V. Neffenger. Mr. Nelson said Mr. Neffenger had also told him the suspect was in possession of an American military identification. Barbara Sharief, the mayor of Broward County, said authorities were confident that the gunman had acted alone. “Based on the preliminary reviewing of the footage tapes, he is a lone shooter,” Ms. Sharief said. “He is alive, he was not harmed, not shot.” Airport police officers chased the gunman through the terminal as he continued to fire before apprehending him unharmed near a departure gate and arresting him. The scene that unspooled after shots rang out was intensely chaotic. Live TV showed government vehicles blocking the roads to and from the airport and scores of travelers milling on the tarmac, apparently having been evacuated from the building. Some could be seen marching en masse across the pavement, wheeling bags behind them. Moments later, the passengers would burst into movement, like frightened birds, running one way or another, apparently in reaction to concerns, which authorities lat-
er said were unfounded, that more attacks were underway. A number of witnesses called in to television news programs almost immediately after it happened. John Schlicher, a traveler who spoke in a phone interview with MSNBC, said he had been traveling with his wife and mother-in-law and they were retrieving their bags from a carousel when he heard the first shot. “I wasn’t sure what it was at first, but I saw the person right to my side fall to the ground, and I turned and looked and the shooter was in the center hallway,” he told MSNBC. Mr. Schlicher did not hear the gunman speak, and described him as slender, with dark hair, and possibly wearing a blue “Star Wars”-themed T-shirt. Mr. Schlicher said he and everyone around him dropped to the ground. “I put my head down and prayed,” he said.
Florida’s Gun Laws The shooting came as Florida lawmakers were preparing to consider legislation that would relax prohibitions on firearms. State laws allow for the purchase of rifles, handguns and shotguns without a permit, though a license is required to carry a concealed weapon in the state. The legislation, which was proposed last month, would eliminate some “gun-free zones” in Florida — which currently include airport terminals, schools and government meetings. The bill was introduced by State Senator Greg Steube, a Republican and longtime opponent of gun-free zones. As the false alarms subsided at the airport, the scene remained tense. Workers and passengers leaving the airport were searched by law enforcement personnel. Passengers who had been on planes on the tarmac were forced to stay in their seats, where they received updates from captains and crew members. Television news stations showed video of medics taking care of a bleeding victim outside the airport. News helicopters showed hundreds of people standing on the tarmac as an ambulance drove by. With the airport shut down, the Federal Aviation Administration said that flights headed to Fort Lauderdale had been delayed or diverted to other airports. A number of travelers described harrowing moments of panic. Melody Dorward and a colleague, Amberly Buccholz, had just stepped off a Spirit Airways flight from Ohio when they got caught up in the tide of people who ran down the terminal. They joined in and were directed out to the tarmac, clustered there with others, shifting from spot to spot. Rumors of more gunfire spread through the crowd, with many convinced they had heard shots. “I called my family to say goodbye,” said Ms. Dorward, 22, an ecommerce worker, “to tell them I love them.”
THE NEW YORK TIMES, SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 2017
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Agreement Would Close Indian Point Nuclear Power Plant by 2021 By VIVIAN YEE and PATRICK McGEEHAN
Indian Point, the nuclear power plant closest to New York City, could be shut as soon as April 2021 under an agreement New York state officials reached this week with Entergy, the utility company that owns the plant, according to a person with direct knowledge of the deal. Under the agreement, one of the two nuclear reactors at Indian Point will permanently cease operations by April 2020, while the other must be closed a year later. The shutdown has long been a priority for Gov. Andrew M. Cuomo, who — though supportive of upstate nuclear plants — has repeatedly called for shutting Indian Point. He has said it poses too great a risk to New York City, less than 30 miles to the south. “Why you would allow Indian Point to continue to operate defies common sense, planning and basic sanity,” Mr. Cuomo, a Democrat, told reporters in June. Despite the political opposition to Indian Point, which is perched at the edge of the Hudson River in Buchanan, N.Y., the plant is an important supplier of inexpensive power to the metropolitan area. It can generate more than 2,000 megawatts, or about one-fourth of the power consumed in New York City and Westchester County. The prospects for replacing that power are unclear, but potential options include hydropower from Quebec and power from wind farms that
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One of the two nuclear reactors at Indian Point in Westchester County is to cease operations by April 2020, while the other would close by April 2021. already operate or could open across New York, according to the person. State officials believe the Entergy agreement will help convince renewable energy providers that the state is serious about looking for new sources of energy, the person said. But without a viable replacement source, ratepayers in New York City could be burdened with higher energy prices for years.
Entergy has agreed to make repairs and safety upgrades, including transferring spent fuel to what the state says is a safer storage system. The company will also allow safety inspections starting this year, bowing to longtime demands from the Cuomo administration, the office of the state attorney general, Eric T. Schneiderman, and Riverkeeper, the nonprofit environmental group, all of
which participated in the deal. “For years, my office has been fighting to address the serious risks posed by Indian Point to the surrounding communities and the environment,” Mr. Schneiderman said on Friday. “ If we can shut down Indian Point under an agreement that enhances public safety and kickstarts investment into safer and more reliable renewable energy sources, that will be a major victory for the millions of New Yorkers who live in the region.” In exchange, the state and Riverkeeper will drop safety and environmental claims against Indian Point they had
filed with federal regulatory agencies. In 2011, a report commissioned under then-Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg concluded that if Indian Point were shut within five years, there would not be enough reliable substitutes to meet the city’s needs. Michael Clendenin, a spokesman for Consolidated Edison, said that utilities and state regulators had worked since then to develop a contingency plan. “Steps have been taken to replace that power in the event it does close,” Mr. Clendenin said. “Still more needs to be done, but there’s more transmission and supply expected in the next few years.” He said he could not estimate what effect the proposed shutdown would have on the electric bills of Con Edison customers in the city and Westchester County, which already are among the highest in the nation. Con Ed has a contract to buy 500 megawatts of electricity from Indian Point, or nearly one-fourth of the plant’s capacity. Entergy, which is based in New Orleans, has been seeking a 20-year renewal of its licenses for the reactors from the federal Nuclear Regulatory Commission since 2007. But New York State officials have challenged that renewal on several fronts and have not granted permits that they say the plant needs to continue operating. Jerry Nappi, a spokesman for Entergy in Westchester County, declined to comContinued on Page A17
PHOTOGRAPHS BY BRYAN ANSELM FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Cardinal Joseph W. Tobin, previously archbishop of Indianapolis, greeted well-wishers on Friday at Cathedral Basilica of the Sacred Heart during his installation as archbishop of Newark.
New Archbishop in Newark Cites ‘Chasm Between Life and Faith’ By JAMES BARRON
NEWARK — In a ceremony that combined pageantry with a promise of a different style and approach, Cardinal Joseph W. Tobin was installed on Friday as the archbishop of Newark. He said in his homily he was thankful for his new job, though he described it as “a daunting proposition.” He said the church “senses a responsibility for the world” and that “our kindness must be known to all.” But he focused his remarks on what he called “the chasm between life and faith.” He cited that chasm, he told an audience that included bishops, priests and elected officials, when a woman at a recent dinner party asked him what he thought was the greatest challenge facing the church. He said it was not the answer she was expecting. “I imagine that she was ready for any of the socalled ‘hot-button’ issues that dominate the discourse, both inside and outside the church,” he said, calling such topics “noisy and divisive” without specifying any in particular. Before coming to Newark, Cardinal Tobin was the archbishop of Indianapolis for four years. He is considered a friend and ally of Pope Francis in a potentially important spot in the Roman Catholic hierarchy in the United States, not far from New York City, where Cardinal Timothy F. Dolan has been the face of American Catholicism in the nation’s media capital. And as many here noted, he is the first cardinal in the long history of the Newark archdiocese. “He brings fresh air to the life of the church, especially as a cardinal,” said the Rev. Peter J. Palmisano, pastor of Our Lady of Mount Virgin Roman Catholic Church in Garfield. The Mass of Installation began with a 30-minute procession of bishops and priests that gave way to the hymn “O Come All Ye Faithful” in a packed sanctuary. Gov. Chris Christie of New Jersey attended, as did the lieutenant governor, Kim
An ally and friend of Pope Francis sees the church confronting a challenge more existential than ‘hot-button issues’ that are ‘noisy and divisive.’
A 30-minute procession for the Mass of Installation included bishops and priests. Guadagno, Senator Robert Menendez and James McGreevey, a former governor who resigned in 2004. The ceremony filled the soaring Cathedral Basilica of the Sacred Heart, which was designed to resemble the ancient houses of worship in Chartres and Reims in France. Construction of the Newark cathedral began at the end of the 19th century; its first public service was the installation of one of Cardinal Tobin’s predecessors, Bishop
Thomas J. Walsh, in 1928. Christmas decorations were still in place on Friday. Dozens of poinsettias surrounded the altar, a burst of red against the white robes of the clergy and members of the church hierarchy. For all the pageantry on display, Cardinal Tobin inherits a troubled archdiocese. The archbishop he succeeded, John J. Myers, was denounced for the archdiocese’s handling of pedophile priests Continued on Page A17
THE NEW YORK TIMES NEW YORK SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 2017
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City to Close or Merge 9 Schools That Are in Program Offering Extra Help By KATE TAYLOR
The city’s Education Department plans to close or merge nine schools next year that are part of its high-profile turnaround initiative, among a group of 22 schools to be closed or merged, according to a document obtained by The New York Times. Mayor Bill de Blasio came into office saying that unlike his predecessor Michael R. Bloomberg, he would support struggling schools rather than close them, and he initiated the Renewal program in 2014 to offer extra money and services for 94 of the city’s lowestperforming schools. “We reject the notion of giving up on any of our schools,� Mr. de Blasio said at the time. Instead, he said, the city would infuse the schools in the program with resources, including coaches to help teachers improve their
practices, new staff members to tackle problems like attendance, and social services like dental clinics or counseling. He said his administration might still end up closing schools, but he suggested that most schools would be given three years to improve. The program is now halfway through its third year. The department assigned each school a set of benchmarks in areas like attendance, graduation rate and, for elementary and middle schools, performance on state reading and math exams. But the schools have shown uneven progress. Eight schools in the program met all of their targets last year, while four schools met none, and 17 others met only one or two out of six or seven targets. Many schools in the program have also seen their enrollment decline as families shun schools labeled fail-
ing. The city previously decided to close or merge eight Renewal schools, so the latest round of closings will bring to 17 the number of schools in the program that will no
A turnaround plan begun in 2014 falls short in some cases. longer be operating, at least as before. Six of the schools will be closed entirely: Junior High School 162 Lola Rodriguez de Tio, which had been singled out by the state as persistently failing, and whose closing was previously an-
nounced; Leadership Institute, a high school; Junior High School 145 Arturo Toscanini; and Monroe Academy for Visual Arts and Design, all in the Bronx; and Middle School 584 and the Essence School, also a middle school, in Brooklyn. The schools to be closed are all low-performing, to be sure. In the 2015-16 school year, only 8 percent of the students at J.H.S. 145 passed the state reading tests, and only 3 percent passed the state’s math tests. Even so, it is not clear that they are necessarily the worst among the schools in the program. All of the six schools met at least one of the goals assigned by the city last year. Some are being closed for low enrollment as well. The three schools in the program to be merged are the Young Scholars Academy of the Bronx, a middle school; Frederick Doug-
lass Academy IV, a high school in Brooklyn; and Automotive High School in Brooklyn. All three schools already share their buildings with the schools they are being merged into, which are not in the Renewal program. The city is also proposing to merge five other pairs of schools, none of which are in the Renewal program, but many of which have struggled with academic achievement and enrollment. The Education Department declined to comment on the decision to close or merge the schools. The Bloomberg administration closed many large schools to start new, small ones. Studies have found that many small schools had positive effects on graduation rates and college enrollment. But not all the small schools were successful. The current city schools chancellor, Carmen FariĂąa, has
shown a preference for large schools and has said that some schools were too small to be sustainable. All of the closings and mergers will have to be approved by the Panel for Educational Policy, a citywide body. Aaron Pallas, a professor of sociology and education at Columbia University’s Teachers College, said, “The fact that the city thinks that it needs to do this for six out of the roughly 80 or so left suggests that things are not going as well as they’d like.� At the same time, he said, “If these mergers and closures result in new schools that have a new kind of energy, perhaps different staff, perhaps a different culture, that may be better than trying to continue turning around schools that have been struggling for a very long time.�
New Archbishop Cites Test of Spiritual ‘Chasm’ From Page A16 and for allocating more than $500,000 for an addition to his weekend house in Hunterdon County, N.J. The Star-Ledger of Newark hailed Archbishop Myers’s retirement last summer with an editorial that declared, “Blessed are we to be rid of this man.â€? Cardinal Tobin, 64, took a vow of poverty when he was ordained nearly 40 years ago, and his unassuming ways proved popular in Indiana. Like Pope Francis, who at first drove himself around the Vatican in a Renault with 190,000 miles on the odometer, Cardinal Tobin drove his own sport utility vehicle as he crisscrossed Indiana. By contrast, Archbishop Myers often used younger priests as drivers and traveled with a police escort. (Cardinal Tobin did have a driver for a recent trip from Newark to a religious retreat on the Jersey Shore, a spokesman for the Newark archdiocese said.) In Indiana, Cardinal Tobin exuded modesty and humility. To the bench-press crowd at the gym, he was simply Joe; to schoolchildren, he was Padre JosĂŠ. Archbishop Myers preferred to be addressed as Your Grace. When the Newark appointment was announced, Archbishop Tobin, who had not yet been formally elevated to cardinal, sounded stunned. “Sometimes I think that Pope Francis sees a lot more in me than I see in myself,â€? he said. Cardinal Tobin made national headlines in 2015 when he faced off against Gov. Mike Pence of In-
diana, who is now the vice president-elect. Mr. Pence, citing security concerns, had ordered a halt to efforts to resettle Syrian refugees. Calling the move immoral and illegal, Cardinal Tobin said the Indianapolis archdiocese would continue to welcome Syrians. A federal court subsequently overturned Mr. Pence’s order. The mood among parishioners in Newark is different than it was when Archbishop Myers took over. An ally of Pope John Paul II, Archbishop Myers was installed 30 days after the Sept. 11 attacks, “a time,� he said then, “of great national sorrow.� He used the homily at his installation to explain orthodox views on marriage and abortion. He said that sexuality should adhere to “its God-given purpose.� Archbishop Myers turned 75 in July. At that age, bishops are expected to submit their resignations to the Vatican. His was quickly accepted. But Francis had already taken action to reorient the Newark archdiocese. In 2013, the pope named a Michigan bishop, Bernard A. Hebda, to be coadjutor archbishop in Newark. With that title, Bishop Hebda would automatically have become the archbishop when Archbishop Myers reached retirement age. But in 2013, the pope reassigned Bishop Hebda to the Archdiocese of St. Paul and Minneapolis, and Francis did not name a new coadjutor archbishop for Newark. The appointment of Cardinal Tobin was announced in November; Francis had named him to be a cardinal the month before. The oldest of 13 children, Cardi-
BRYAN ANSELM FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Cardinal Tobin at the installation ceremony. He said he was thankful for his new job, but called it a “daunting proposition.� nal Tobin grew up in Detroit, where his mother had been a public-school teacher and his father was a cost analyst for General Motors. When he was in his 20s, he joined a religious order called the Redemptorists, which ran the church he attended as a boy. He rose to lead the order from 1997 to 2009. The Newark assignment puts Cardindal Tobin in charge of an archdiocese that serves a broad
Nuclear Plant’s Neighbors Are Startled By LISA W. FODERARO
For years, antinuclear activists, concerned parents, local officials and others have worried about Indian Point, a twin-domed nuclear plant on the Hudson River in northern Westchester County that provides cheap energy and robust tax revenue, but also carries the risk of disaster. The news on Friday that the state had negotiated a deal that could shut down the plant within five years sent shock waves of jubilation, relief and anxiety through the suburbs north of New York City. On one side was an almost gleeful disbelief that what had seemed an insurmountable goal — ridding the county of nuclear power — would come to pass. Nada Khader, executive director of the Wespac Foundation, a nonprofit group in White Plains that advocates social justice, was told about the development by a reporter. “This is really amazing for Wespac, an organization whose many, many members have been working for decades to shut Indian Point,� she said. “All of us want to shift to safe energy. We absolutely welcome this news.� But there were also misgivings about what the closing would mean for utility customers, Indian Point employees and the nearby schools that rely on the plant’s tax dollars. Officials in Westchester County said they were blindsided by the deal and were upset that they were not consulted. Robert P. Astorino, the county executive and a vocal supporter of Indian Point, which is in the village of Buchanan, said more than $4 million enters the county’s coffers every year from the plant, representing nearly 1 percent of the tax base. “No one from the governor’s office had the common courtesy to call the county affected by this,� Mr. Astorino, a Republican, said. “So we’re all trying to figure out what will happen in
the future and the costs of this potential closure. There are enormous economic consequences to something like this.� Perhaps no single entity will suffer the financial effects of the shutdown more than Hendrick Hudson schools, a district with 2,400 students that draws from parts of a half-dozen towns and villages near the plant. The superintendent, Joseph E. Hochreiter, said taxes from the company that owns Indian Point, Entergy, made up one-third of the district’s $75.8 million operating budget annually. “We’ve enjoyed some of the lowest property tax increases of any school district in Westchester County and that has made this a very appealing community to
A deal to shut a site prompts jubilation, relief and anxiety. move to and stay in,� he said. “Entergy plays a major, major role in keeping taxes down. If they are not operating at the capacity that we’re accustomed to, we are going to have budget deficits.� Converting Indian Point’s property to another use — whether residential or commercial — may not be possible, given the environmental history of the 240-acre site. Still, after years of hand-wringing over the potential for a catastrophe, many residents said they would be happy to have a nuclearfree county. Opponents of the plant had seized on the Sept. 11 terror attacks and, later, the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster in Japan to galvanize support for shutting Indian Point. More recently, critics had fo-
cused on fighting a natural gas pipeline that was constructed on the plant’s land. Elected officials, residents and environmental activists have criticized the project, saying that a rupture could unleash a nuclear catastrophe. While Gov. Andrew M. Cuomo, a Democrat, has long called for the plant’s closing, few thought a decision to shut it down was imminent. Nancy Vann, a retired Wall Street lawyer who lives in Peekskill, has fought against Indian Point for years. She is president of Safe Energy Rights Group, which was formed in response to the natural gas pipeline. “I’m very, very happy about this,� she said, referring to news of the agreement. But like others, she was concerned about the plant’s spent fuel rods. Under the deal, they will be moved off site eventually. “Indian Point won’t be completely safe until the spent fuel rods are all put into hardened dry cask storage,� she said. “I just want people to realize that the fact that Indian Point is closing — and not immediately — doesn’t mean it will be safe right away.� Michael B. Kaplowitz, chairman of the Westchester County Board of Legislators, listed other concerns — from the plant’s decommissioning costs and the fate of its 1,000 employees, to the effects on the local area. While he is eager to see details of the deal, he said that on balance, shutting it made sense. “It’s a net societal gain because of the specter of terrorism,� he said. “The better the details are for the company, the worse it is for the rate payers and taxpayers. I’m hoping that given the leverage the state has that the tax payers and rate payers do better than the Entergy shareholders.� “I can say,� he added, “that I’m encouraged that it looks like we are turning the page on a nuclear power plant that doesn’t belong 25 miles from New York City.�
spectrum of Roman Catholics, living both in wealthy suburban communities and economically disadvantaged urban neighborhoods. The archdiocese also has large pockets of African-American and Latino adherents. Geographically, it is the smallest Catholic archdiocese in the United States, covering just over 500 square miles in four counties, a fraction of the territory Cardinal Tobin was responsible for in Indi-
ana. But the 1.5 million Catholics in the Newark archdiocese far outnumber the 233,000 in the Indianapolis archdiocese. “This archdiocese is so vast and ethnically different,� the Rev. Clement Krug, pastor of St. James Roman Catholic Church in Newark, said after the ceremony ended on Friday. “He has a world vision, and he’s a people person.�
As the installation came to a close, Cardinal Tobin referred to himself as “the new kid on the block� and said, “these last couple of months have been an interesting roller-coaster of emotions.� He also thanked a number of people, including Archbishop Myers: “Thank you for the caring you’ve given to this archdiocese for 15 years,� he said. The congregation applauded.
Indian Point Power Plant May Close by 2021 From Page A16 ment on the proposed shutdown. He said that Indian Point has nearly 1,000 workers, about 550 of whom are union members. John Melia, a spokesman for the Utility Workers Union of America, said Entergy had not informed the union of the plan, which he called a “headstrong, headlong rush into nowhere.� He asked, “Did Governor Cuomo think about the people who are going to lose their jobs?� Negotiations between the company and the Cuomo administration began in early December, according to the person with direct knowledge of the deal. The attorney general’s office and Entergy have each signed off on the agreement, but the governor’s office has indicated to the other parties that the administration will wait until Monday to sign it, the person said. The deal has shifted several times during negotiations, but the person said all that remained to complete it was an administration signature. Nonetheless, Richard Azzopardi, a spokesman for Mr. Cuomo, said that nothing was final. “There is no agreement — Governor Cuomo has been working on a possible agreement for 15 years and until it’s done, it’s not done,� he said. “Close only counts for horseshoes, not for nuclear plants.� Mr. Schneiderman’s office has opposed Entergy’s relicensing bid in the courts, arguing that the plant poses safety and environmental hazards to the surrounding area. The agreement calls for Mr. Schneiderman to drop that challenge. Under the agreement with the state, the person with knowledge of it said, Entergy has committed to applying for a six-year renewal of the licenses, which were scheduled to expire in 2013 and 2015. The
agreement may help clear the way for approval. But a six-year renewal would be a first, a spokesman for the Nuclear Regulatory Commission said. He said no nuclear plant license had ever been renewed for less than 20 years. The agreement would also require Entergy to establish an emergency operations center in Fishkill, in Dutchess County, and to create a $15 million fund to finance projects related to environmental protection and other community benefits. Entergy would be obligated to consult regularly with Riverkeeper and other local groups. The agreement also provides for flexibility if the state cannot find a replacement for Indian Point’s energy: The deadlines in 2020 and 2021 can be delayed to 2024 and 2025 if the state and Entergy agree. The agreement is reminiscent of one arranged by Mr. Cuomo’s father, Gov. Mario M. Cuomo, in 1989. Mario Cuomo negotiated a decommissioning of the Shoreham nuclear power plant on Long Island, which was never put into service. Its owner, the Long Island Lighting Company, sold the plant to the state for $1, but Long Island ratepayers bore the cost of building that plant in the form of higher utility bills for many years. Nuclear power has posed a dilemma for Mr. Cuomo. Since long before he was governor, as early as 1992, he has called for closing Indian Point. As the state’s attorney general, he took legal action to try to do so. But while he has characterized nuclear reactors as dangerous downstate, he has said they are critical upstate. When Entergy announced in late 2015 that it planned to shut a nuclear plant on Lake Ontario in Oswego County, Mr. Cuomo objected. He argued that the plant was vital to the local economy and
to his goal of having half of the state’s power produced by renewable sources. To avert the shutdown of Entergy’s James A. FitzPatrick Nuclear Power Plant and a nearby plant that was also scheduled for closing, Mr. Cuomo offered huge subsidies to the operators to keep them open. Critics of Mr. Cuomo’s proposal to subsidize nuclear power plants upstate wondered why he would demand the closing of Indian Point, but insist on keeping the others open. “We happen to think people upstate deserve the same protections as New Yorkers who happen to live downstate do,� said Alex Beauchamp, the northeast regional director for Food & Water Watch, a consumer protection watchdog. “To me, it makes no sense why the governor thinks nuclear power’s unsafe downstate, but it is safe upstate.� Citing various leaks and delayed repairs at the three upstate plants, Mr. Beauchamp said that they had problems similar to those at Indian Point, and pose similar risks to local residents.
More New York news appears on Page A20
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THE NEW YORK TIMES EDITORIALS/LETTERS SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 2017
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A. G. SULZBERGER, Deputy Publisher
ADOLPH S. OCHS
ARTHUR HAYS SULZBERGER
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Giving Mr. Trump’s Nominees a Pass Donald Trump’s transition team and Senate Republicans are determined to railroad several nominees to his cabinet of billionaires and moguls through to confirmation without fully revealing business interests that could disqualify them, say people both inside and outside government who are working on the transition process. This is unprecedented, potentially illegal, and the clearest sign yet of Mr. Trump’s cavalier attitude toward criminal laws preventing federal officials from profiting from public service. Mr. Trump’s Senate allies are shirking their constitutional duty, attempting to rubber-stamp nominees without information that would help determine whether they merit the public’s confidence. The law doesn’t require Mr. Trump to shed his business interests, but the failure of his cabinet officials to do so could land them in jail. Before Mr. Trump’s cabinet nominees begin their Senate confirmation hearings, they are required to file an extensive form, the 278, that lists stockholdings, business interests, board seats and other arrangements benefiting them, spouses, minor children, business partners or potential employers. The Office of Government Ethics reviews incoming officials’ disclosures; flags potential problems; and negotiates an ethics agreement letter in which the nominee agrees to divest, resign or otherwise eliminate potential conflicts. The letter helps protect nominees if they are ever accused of deriving improper financial benefits from government service. The process is thorough, and complicated for wealthy individuals with vast holdings. Penny Pritzker, a Hyatt Hotels heir now serving as commerce secretary, filed a 278 form that was 184 pages long, and she agreed to sell stakes in more than 200 entities. Mr. Trump’s team has been far behind in this process. But instead of delaying hearings until his picks reveal their business ties, the transition team has joined some
Senate Republicans in pushing to hold hearings without all the needed information — and in some cases pressuring the ethics office to sign off on incomplete disclosures. In one instance, a nominee filed an incomplete 278, and the transition team called the ethics office minutes later looking for an ethics agreement letter. So far, the only nominees known to have filed complete 278s and signed ethics agreement letters are Senator Jeff Sessions, Mr. Trump’s choice for attorney general, whose hearing is set for Tuesday; Rex Tillerson, the Exxon chief picked as secretary of state, whose hearing is scheduled for Wednesday; and Mike Pompeo, the nominee for director of the Central Intelligence Agency, whose hearing is also set for Wednesday. Most of the rest have filed incomplete disclosures, have not yet signed ethics agreement letters or have submitted nothing at all. A hearing is scheduled on Wednesday for Betsy DeVos, the billionaire education lobbyist named to be education secretary, whose disclosures are woefully incomplete. Hearings for Elaine Chao, Mr. Trump’s choice for transportation secretary; Gen. John Kelly, for homeland security secretary; Ben Carson, for housing secretary; and Wilbur Ross, for commerce secretary are also scheduled for next week. The Trump team’s failures could be the result of disorganization — or a lack of familiarity with the rules. Mr. Trump himself has not set an inspiring example. The ethics office is reportedly working with his lawyers to encourage him to do what the law demands of his cabinet: divest and enter office free of conflicts. He is the only incoming president in modern history who has refused to do so. For his nominees to do the same would be a serious violation of the public trust, and would potentially violate the law. Confirmation hearings should be postponed until the Senate has all the information it needs to conduct responsible votes on the people Mr. Trump has chosen to lead the federal government.
The Biggest Losers as Interest Rates Rise The era of superlow interest rates, which began in 2008, will draw to a close this year if, as expected, the Federal Reserve lifts rates to fend off inflation from tax cuts and spending increases under a Trump administration. Bondholders would take a hit because bond prices fall when interest rates rise, but that should not take investors by surprise. Corporations, which have gorged on debt in recent years, are also likely to find rate increases manageable, because many have issued long-term bonds or amassed large cash cushions, thus shielding themselves from rate shocks. But the end of rock-bottom rates represents a huge missed opportunity for generations of Americans. Congress could have — and should have — used those nearzero rates to borrow money to rebuild the country’s decrepit infrastructure, which would have sped up the recovery by creating jobs and set the stage for growth long into the future. That chance was squandered. After Republicans won control of the House in 2010, they managed to shift the debate from economic-recovery spending to deficit reduction. They did this despite evidence that the still-weak economy required more, not less, federal aid, and even threatened to default on the national debt unless federal spending was slashed. In 2013 and 2014, the budget was cut so deeply that the government sector subtracted from economic growth. In 2015, the government added nothing to growth. In 2016, it added a smidgen. The result has been a lopsided recovery. Prices for stocks, bonds and real estate, which benefit from monetary stimulus, have surged. Wages, which would have benefited from federal spending to bolster the economy, have lagged, widening the gap between the wealthiest Americans and everyone else. The policies Donald Trump talked about in the campaign, if enacted, would take a different route to the same disturbing place. For example, deregulation would stimulate the economy — in part, by removing restraints on reckless lending, borrowing and production. Tax cuts for the rich are likely to send asset prices even higher while worsening the budget deficit. A growing economy accompanied by a growing deficit is a recipe for still higher interest rates. Since Mr. Trump was elected, the yield on a benchmark 10-year Treasury bond has already risen to 2.4 percent from 1.8 percent, a
DANIEL ZENDER
sign that investors expect inflation. With interest rates rising, a big infrastructure plan becomes increasingly less feasible, which reinforces the protax cut, anti-spending attitude of congressional Republicans. This week, top Republicans dismissed the possibility of near-term action on infrastructure, despite Mr. Trump’s pledge to make it part of his first-100-days agenda. The Federal Reserve’s policy of rock-bottom rates helped to avert what would have been even greater devastation from the Great Recession. Even now, the Fed should continue to keep rates as low as possible for as long as possible to help bring down underemployment: The number of working people who cannot find full-time hours remains elevated even as unemployment has declined. Still, the Fed cannot by itself repair a badly damaged economy. So the country is in an unhappy position. Interest rates are poised to rise, but there is no credible plan from Mr. Trump for broad and stable prosperity.
No Closure on the ‘Comfort Women’ The renewed tensions between South Korea and Japan are a sobering reminder of how historical wrongs can interfere with diplomacy. A statue of a “comfort woman” installed outside the Japanese Consulate in Busan, South Korea, is reopening a major rift between the two foremost Asian allies of the United States at a most perilous time. The issue goes far beyond the statue to a deep sense among Koreans that Japan has never fully repented for the sex slavery forced on tens of thousands of Korean and other Asian women under Japanese occupation, for whom the euphemism was “comfort women.” In 2011, Korean activists installed a striking bronze statue in front of the Japanese Embassy in Seoul of a young Korean woman sitting alone on a bench, her fist clenched and her gaze fixed on the mission. The Japanese were livid, especially when more such statues popped up in Korea and in the United States. The tension between two countries that should be jointly confronting North Korea’s nuclear threat and China’s spreading influence prompted Washington to mediate an agreement in December 2015 in which Japan apologized and promised $8.3 million to care for the surviving women. The deal was meant to be a “final and irreversible resolution” to the matter. But many Koreans, including some of the surviving women, felt the deal fell far short of their demand that Ja-
pan accept legal responsibility and offer formal reparations. On Dec. 28, the first anniversary of the agreement, Korean activists installed another statue, this one in front of the Japanese Consulate in Busan, South Korea’s secondlargest city. The local government immediately removed it, but then relented under acute public pressure. On Friday, Japan recalled its ambassador to South Korea and suspended negotiations over an arrangement to help Seoul stabilize its currency, along with other high-level economic talks. The Japanese are right to argue that the statue violates the spirit of the 2015 agreement. But the Koreans can also argue that the recent visit by Japan’s defense minister, Tomomi Inada, to the Yasukuni Shrine in Tokyo, where a number of convicted war criminals are commemorated, is evidence that the Japanese do not fully acknowledge the crimes of their militarist past. What is needed is recognition on both sides, and in Washington, that the December 2015 agreement cannot be allowed to collapse, along with a concerted effort to calm the waters. Alas, that is a tall order at this juncture: Park Geun-hye, the South Korean president who signed the agreement with Japan, has been suspended from office over a corruption scandal, and Washington awaits a president whose policies on Asia are far from clear. On this issue, however, the risks of inaction should be clear enough.
Re “A Promising Proposal for Free Tuition” (editorial, Jan. 5): Last year, I asked the New York City Independent Budget Office to study the cost of eliminating tuition at CUNY’s community colleges. As you note, its $232 million high-end estimate is about $70 million more than the figure offered by Gov. Andrew M. Cuomo for his more robust Excelsior Scholarship proposal. Few New Yorkers are more enthusiastic than I am about tuition-free CUNY and SUNY. Tens of thousands of Brooklynites have crippling student debt weighing down their ability to invest in their futures, and the status quo is simply unsustainable if we hope to keep the middle class in our borough. That said, our students and universities would lose long term if the state establishes a program that it cannot fund to scale, one that it will potentially expect New York City and other municipalities to pick up the slack for in the 11th hour. Senator Bernie Sanders is spot on in our need to be progressively bold, and the Legislature certainly ought to take robust tuition assistance action this session. We must also be fiscally wise, as we face the threat of federal funding cuts from the incoming Trump administration. ERIC L. ADAMS Borough President Brooklyn TO THE EDITOR:
As a professor who has fought for free tuition at the City University of New York for more than 25 years, I am excited that
Gov. Andrew M. Cuomo has proposed free tuition for lower and middle-income students at our state’s public universities. When the City University began in 1847, it was as the Free Academy, and it was inspired by the democratic ideal of equal access to higher education. The city’s poor and recent immigrants were seen as having as much right to develop their minds as their wealthier counterparts. Since the mid-1970s, this ideal has taken a back seat to budgetary concerns. Granted, these concerns are important, but the democratic ideal goes to the heart of the kind of society we want to be. WILLIAM CRAIN New York The writer is a professor of psychology at City College, CUNY. TO THE EDITOR:
Free tuition at state schools has more benefits than just to ease the cost burden on students and their middle-income families. It’s a win-win for everyone. Low-cost higher education will inevitably increase the talent of state university student bodies, as more students desire to avoid loans by staying in state. Additionally, as a consequence, New York State universities will become more of an engine of economic growth for the state. Many think that California’s position as the premier economy within the country is primarily due to its stellar state university system. MYRA SAUL Scarsdale, N.Y.
A Biotechnology Company Defends Its Science “A Weed Killer Made in Britain, for Export Only” (“Uncertain Harvest” series, front page, Dec. 21) highlighted differences in the way crop protection products are regulated in Europe and the United States. But the reasons for those differences were not explored, leaving readers without context. Further, the article tries to link the herbicide paraquat, used for half a century, with Parkinson’s disease. Syngenta’s studies, based on the most widely used experimental mouse model, show unequivocally that paraquat does not cause Parkinson’s-like pathology. These findings are published in science journals requiring peer review by scientists with no connection to Syngenta. “Scientists Loved and Loathed by an Agrochemical Colossus” (“Uncertain Harvest” series, front page, Jan. 2) doesn’t reflect the hard work and commitment of 28,000 Syngenta employees and
our many partners in N.G.O.s, academia, research institutes and governments who work together with one goal: to help farmers sustainably feed the world. Moreover, the article impugns the integrity of those partners, as well as the quality of their science. Questioning the very concept of collaboration between industry and academia dismisses the considerable advantages of bringing together leading scientific minds. Most major industries partner with academia to solve scientific challenges and bring benefits to society. Given the article’s focus on bee health, it is important to note Syngenta’s Good Growth Plan, which includes a commitment to provide natural habitats for bees and other pollinating insects. This biodiversity program has already positively affected nearly four million acres of farmland worldwide. ERIK FYRWALD Chief Executive, Syngenta Basel, Switzerland
Code of Homelessness
Medicare and Health Law
TO THE EDITOR:
TO THE EDITOR:
“A Knot of Homelessness at the Nation’s Seat of Power” (news article, Jan. 2) is as important for what it doesn’t say as for what it does. No matter how much affordable housing is built, it will never be enough. No matter how much homeless prevention programs are expanded, they will only forestall what is likely inevitable. Why? Homelessness is code for housing and financial instability. Affordability is only part of the solution. Roughly half of homeless adults are without a high school degree, and even greater numbers have limited work experience. Solutions that are not focused on education and employment unintentionally make limited rental vouchers revolving doors back to shelter and affordable housing out of reach for most of the homeless. RALPH NUNEZ President, Institute for Children, Poverty and Homelessness New York
Re “The Coming Health Care Crisis” (editorial, Jan. 5): Seniors and baby boomers should take note: The rush to repeal and delay the Affordable Care Act will harm them, too. Like working-class Americans and their families, people with Medicare are at grave risk. Undoing the health law could increase their prescription-drug costs, eliminate access to preventive care, and roll back efforts that stabilized Medicare premiums and cost-sharing. For people 55 to 64, more than 4.5 million could lose their coverage, and the number of those uninsured could double to nearly 20 percent. Vague replacement frameworks put forward in the past are all clear on at least one point: Insurers could charge even higher premiums than already permitted for this age group. In fact, some such plans put no limits on how high premiums can go for people at these ages. Before the Affordable Care Act, people under 65 called our help line every day desperate to find affordable coverage but learned that there was none. If the law is repealed, coverage will again be out of reach until they become eligible for Medicare. JOE BAKER President Medicare Rights Center New York
TO THE EDITOR:
When ‘Partner’ Was Gay TO THE EDITOR:
Re “The End of Gaydar,” by Krista Burton (Sunday Review, Jan. 1): Let me offer another co-opted clue: partner. That was our word! Before we could get married, and girl/boyfriend trivialized our committed adult relationships, we used partner. (We even turned it into a verb, partnered — which I always thought went too far.) Ironically, as we rush to get married, straights are happier than ever to settle into partnerships. It can be very confusing. But there is one giveaway: Straights often say “life partner.” Let’s face it: Straights are more worried about the confusion than gays. You’re happy to make a statement about the depth of your love, but Heaven forbid you send mixed messages about whom you love! But go ahead, use partner. Share our term; share our confusion. MARY JO DRISCOLL Saratoga Springs, N.Y.
Women in Pink-Collar Jobs TO THE EDITOR:
Re “Why Men Don’t Want Jobs Done Mostly by Women” (The Upshot, Jan. 5): White men will not take on “pink collar” jobs and erase the stigma as long as they are unwilling to do what minorities and women are willing to do, often lovingly and for minimal wages, at risk to themselves and their families. These workers are unacknowledged by our society for their humanity and heroism, changing diapers for our diseased, disabled and elderly loved ones and cleaning up after them. KAREN K. WEYANDT Atlanta
NEWS
EDITORIAL
DEAN BAQUET, Executive Editor
JAMES BENNET, Editorial Page Editor
JOSEPH KAHN, Managing Editor
JAMES DAO, Deputy Editorial Page Editor
TOM BODKIN, Creative Director
TERRY TANG, Deputy Editorial Page Editor
JANET ELDER, Deputy Managing Editor MATTHEW PURDY, Deputy Managing Editor KINSEY WILSON, Editor for Innovation and Strategy Executive V.P., Product and Technology REBECCA CORBETT, Assistant Editor STEVE DUENES, Assistant Editor IAN FISHER, Assistant Editor CLIFFORD LEVY, Assistant Editor ALEXANDRA MAC CALLUM, Assistant Editor MICHELE MC NALLY, Assistant Editor
BUSINESS MARK THOMPSON, Chief Executive Officer JAMES M. FOLLO, Chief Financial Officer DIANE BRAYTON, General Counsel and Secretary ROLAND A. CAPUTO, Executive V.P., Print Products MEREDITH KOPIT LEVIEN, Chief Revenue Officer ELLEN SHULTZ, Executive V.P., Talent and Inclusion WILLIAM T. BARDEEN, Senior Vice President TERRY L. HAYES, Senior Vice President R. ANTHONY BENTEN, Treasurer and Controller
THE NEW YORK TIMES OP-ED SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 2017
TIMOTHY EGAN
Erasing President Obama For a soon-to-be nowhere man, he’s everywhere. Sensing “time’s winged chariot hurrying near,” as the poet had it, President Obama is using every hour left in his presidency to ensure that Donald Trump will not erase it all. It’s one part vanity project. What president doesn’t want to put a dent in history? One man freed four million slaves. Another created national parks and forests that left every American a rich inheritance of public land. A third crushed the Nazis — from a wheelchair, while dying. And Obama? He bequeaths the incoming president “the longest economic expansion and monthly job creation in history,” as my colleague Andrew Ross Sorkin noted. Trump, the pumpkin-haired rooster taking credit for the dawn, has already tried to seize a bit of that achievement as his own. Thanks, Obama. But he’s
It’s Trump supporters who stand to lose the most. also likely to screw it up, perhaps by a trade war, or a budget-busting tax cut. Already, Trump has flirted with treason, flouted conflict-of-interest rules, bullied dissidents and blown off the advice of seasoned public servants. He has yet to hold a news conference since winning the election. And did another day just pass without a word of the promise to “reveal things that other people don’t know” about Russian interference with our election? Maybe he’s waiting for more whispers in his ear from the Kremlin. In advance of his farewell address next week, the president has tried to Trumpproof a climate pact that commits the world’s second leading producer of earthwarming pollutants — the United States — to making this little orb of ours a less perilous place for Sasha’s and Malia’s and Ivanka’s kids. Trump has promised to go rogue on the planet, as quickly as he can. Until Day 1, Trump is just a 70-year-old man with a twitchy Twitter account. But on Jan. 20, he becomes what Grover Norquist wished for in a pliantly conservative president: “A Republican with enough working digits to handle a pen.” With that pen, the new president can take health care from 20 million Americans, free Wall Street to once again wildly speculate and smash things up for the rest of us, and require schools to let people carry guns into classrooms — all campaign promises. Make America Sick Again is the slogan floated by Senator Chuck Schumer, who is much better at messaging a negative than Obama ever was at messaging a positive. The people who stand to lose most are Trump supporters. The Affordable Care Act has saved countless lives in red states, and slowed medical costs. So why toss it, without a plan to replace it? To spite the guy on the way out. The intent of Republicans, poised to push through the most far-reaching conservative agenda in nearly a hundred years, is to act as if Obama never existed — the George Bailey of presidents. It won’t take long for Bedford Falls to become Pottersville. Trump will cut taxes on the rich, and for those born on third base, eliminate an estate tax that was one of Teddy Roosevelt’s solutions to inequality. He may try to defund Planned Parenthood — for many poor women, the only chance to catch cancer early. He may deport Dreamers, more than 740,000 young people who have been allowed to obtain temporary work permits and avoid being thrown out of the country under Obama. On his first day in office, Trump will “repeal every single Obama executive order.” That’s the promise of Vice President-elect Mike Pence. Obama issued just under 270 executive orders, well below the number proclaimed by Ronald Reagan, Dwight Eisenhower, Harry Truman, Franklin Roosevelt and even that conservative paragon, Silent Cal Coolidge. A significant Obama order protected gays in the government contracting system from discrimination. Another prohibited federal employees from texting while driving. There were sanctions against criminals, mobsters and other international monsters, and upgrades in pay for federal employees who earned less than their private sector counterparts. And get this: repealing “every single Obama executive order” would require Trump to dump four edicts that allowed federal workers to leave early on Christmas Eve. The War on Christmas heavy breathers at Fox News, who recently declared said conflict dead and won for St. Nick’s side, will surely be outraged. Not. Obama leaves office with his highest job approval ratings in four years. Most Americans like him and his policies. Trump will enter office with the lowest transition approval ratings of any president-elect in nearly a quarter-century. About half of all American don’t like him, and of course, he got nearly three million fewer votes than Hillary Clinton. Most of the Trump agenda — building a wall, cutting taxes on the rich, ramping up oil and gas drilling at the expense of alternative fuels, taking away people’s health care — is opposed by clear majorities. Trump will erase Obama’s policy legacy at his peril. What he cannot do is erase the mark of the man — a measured and rational president, a committed father and husband, who is leaving his country much better off, and the office without a trace of personal scandal. 0
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When Taunts Turn to Hate Crimes By Margaret Carlson
S
INCE the days when my mother wouldn’t let my older brother go out to play stickball if I wasn’t with him, there’s been a lot of progress in attitudes toward those we now call developmentally or intellectually challenged. There’s mainstreaming them into public schools, the Special Olympics, TV shows like “Speechless,” Down syndrome children in clothing ads. There are group homes, not warehousing. There’s awareness that words can wound. I flinched when someone yelled “retard” at my brother, Jimmy. For some comedians, it was a laugh line. You don’t hear it much anymore. And now a barbaric attack in Chicago on an intellectually disabled teenager is rightly being treated as a hate crime. Authorities cited the virulent racial epithets shouted by the four African-American attackers at their white victim, but also noted that they hurled insults about his developmental limitations as well. His being different may be the main reason they chose him. The developmentally challenged so crave kindness they make inviting prey. The victim, who knew one of his attackers, was taken to an apartment where he was tied up, punched and kicked. His mouth was taped shut, his scalp sliced open with a knife. For added humiliation, the assailants forced his head into a toilet and ordered him to drink. The heightened penalties for a hate crime may be some comfort to the victim’s family, but if they are like mine, not much. His relatives look defeated as they describe their horror at what happened. His grandmother won’t watch the video the four perpetrators proudly recorded for Facebook. All the progress that has been made saves parents today some of the sorrow my parents endured when they could get only so much help in the 1960s. Because there wasn’t much institutional support and Jimmy didn’t fit easily into the wider world, my parents created an inner one that brought the outside in. We were the only family on our block in Camp Hill, Pa., to churn our own ice cream and grow our own watermelons, so the neighborhood children loved coming over. My parents didn’t trust babysitters, so parish dinners, poker games and Knights of Columbus meetings came to us. Bread was always setting, pie crust rolled out, jigsaw puzzles on the card table. I didn’t love it, and could have done with less “Little House on the Prairie” and more alone time. But it was better than my navigating Jimmy’s world on my own. What can’t be programmed or legislated away — and requires constant “if you see something, say something” — is the hate in hate crime, the base instinct of some to pick on the weak, often because they’re weak themselves. There will always be those grasping the chance to feel superior — witness all the abuse of old people in nursing homes and gay shaming. I saw cruelty firsthand — and was guilty myself — as a child. Despite my protection, Jimmy was the last to be picked for a team, although he could swing a bat as badly as just about any other 6-yearold. The pack would say they were running one way and go another. Hitting an-
Margaret Carlson, the first female columnist for Time, is now a columnist for Bloomberg View.
PING ZHU
The developmentally disabled make inviting prey. other kid was punishable, but sidling up to Jimmy and subtly pinching him was not. We’d wonder where he got the bruises. But he knew enough to fear the brat pack more than my parents, so he never tattled. One kid loved bending the training wheels on his bike. I sometimes fell in with the crowd. I’d hear the whispers about pretending to go home so that Jimmy would. Later, I’d sneak back out hiding my Wiffle ball from my mother. That’s not luring a vulnerable man to an empty apartment to be tortured, but it shows how much vigilance is needed. Tim Shriver, who runs the Special Olympics, said that there had been many advances but that “taunting and bullying remain an epidemic for children with intellectual disabilities” and that violence against them “is usually based on misunderstanding and ignorance and is all too often hidden.” The older the child, the more hidden
and difficult to prevent. The 18-year-old victim in Chicago thought one of his tormentors was his friend, and his parents dropped him off to meet him at McDonald’s. They reported him missing when he didn’t come home, but not soon enough to keep him from being tortured for five hours. I became my brother’s guardian in 1991. He took some time before he learned to cling to me the way he had to our parents. I couldn’t be home with him all the time, so he came many places with me. My friends became his friends. But he was hurt when I least expected it. He didn’t know elevator etiquette and made eye contact with people getting on. As he was stepping off one time, a lawyer who worked in my building turned and called him a “weirdo.” I tracked him down, as I did the kid who stole my brother’s spanking-new Mickey Mantle baseball glove many years ago, and confronted him. He pleaded ignorance. The description fit. I thought I knew my parents’ heartache but didn’t have a glimmer. It’s called politically correct and squishy liberal or nannyish to protect the weak among us — transgender children, minorities, the homeless, old people — but it’s really just human. And as Chicago showed us, oh so necessary. 0
Trump’s Anti-C.I.A. Crusade By Michael J. Morell
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HEN I wrote in August 2016, in this newspaper, that Donald J. Trump’s character traits posed a national security threat, I didn’t imagine that the first manifestation of that dynamic could play out with the very organization where I spent the first 33 years of my career, the Central Intelligence Agency. President-elect Trump’s public rejection of the C.I.A., and by extension the rest of the country’s intelligence community, over the assessment that Russia interfered in our presidential election is not only an unprecedented political challenge for our national security establishment — it is a danger to the nation. While Mr. Trump’s statement on Friday that he had a constructive meeting with senior intelligence officials on the Russian hacking issue was a step in the right direction, his disparagement of American intelligence officers over the last few months is likely to cause significant damage to the C.I.A. Mr. Trump has questioned the agency’s competence — repeatedly asking, often via Twitter, how we can trust the organization that incorrectly judged that Saddam Hussein had weapons of mass destruction (criticism that, in my mind, is unfair for an agency that has changed dramatically in the last 15 years). But he has also accused the agency of being biased and political, implying, in comments to The Times, that the C.I.A. manufactured its Russia analysis to undercut him. Mr. Trump, in essence, said that the agency’s officers were dishonorable. To the men and women of the C.I.A., sworn to protect the nation, this was a gut punch. Mr. Trump’s behavior will weaken the Michael Morell was the deputy director and twice acting director of the Central Intelligence Agency between 2010 and 2013. He is a senior counselor at Beacon Global Strategies.
agency, an organization that has never been more relevant to our nation’s security. The key national security issues of the day — terrorism; proliferation; cyberespionage, crime and war; and the challenges to the global order posed by Russia, Iran and China — all require first-rate intelligence for a commander in chief to understand them, settle on a policy and carry it out. How will President Trump know whether the Iranians are living up to their commitment not to produce a nuclear weapon without good intelligence? How will he know how close North Korea is to mating a nuclear weapon to a longrange missile and detonating it over
His attacks on the agency threaten our national security. American soil? How will he know whether the Islamic State or Al Qaeda is plotting another 9/11-style attack? The president-elect’s rhetoric will undermine the effectiveness of the C.I.A. in two key ways. First, expect a wave of resignations. Attrition at the C.I.A., which has been remarkably low since Sept. 11, 2001, will skyrocket. The primary motivator for some of our smartest minds to go to work at the C.I.A. is to make a difference to national security, to play a role in keeping the country safe. All of the sacrifices — from the long hours, polygraph tests, unfair media criticism, not to mention the real dangers to life and limb — are worth it, if you are making a difference. If the president rejects out of hand the C.I.A.’s work, or introduces uncertainty by praising it one day only to lambaste it on Twitter that afternoon, many officers will vote with their feet. These officers cannot be easily replaced. It takes years of training and, more important, on-thejob experience to create a highly capable
case officer, analyst, scientist, engineer or support officer. It would take at least a decade to recover from a surge in resignations. There is precedent for this. When President Jimmy Carter’s C.I.A. director, Stansfield Turner, made it clear that, in his view, technology was making human intelligence obsolete, hundreds of officers departed. He then fired hundreds of others who questioned his approach; it took years for the agency to return to its pre-Turner strength. The Trump resignations could make the Turner departures pale by comparison. The president-elect’s rejection of the agency will weaken it in a second way. American intelligence agencies do not work alone; we rely on strong ties to parallel organizations in countless countries. Why would a foreign intelligence service take the C.I.A. seriously (and share important information with it) when the American president doesn’t? A strong relationship between the C.I.A. and the president is a key incentive for other intelligence services to work with Langley. Take that away, and our foreign relationships — which are absolutely critical in the global fight against terror, proliferation, you name it — will suffer. And why would a foreign agent take extraordinary risks to spy for the United States if his or her information is not valued? Knowing their information is making its way to the president is an important motivator for spies. Would the modern-day Adolf Tolkachev, the C.I.A.’s most important agent within the Soviet Union — who was executed as a spy in 1986 — sign on to work for Donald Trump? I doubt it. The potential loss of critical information could be extraordinary. Mr. Trump’s attacks on the agency surprised me, but they shouldn’t have. It is not a coincidence that Mr. Trump, who has never let facts get in the way of his opinion, would fight with the organization whose very reason for existence is to put facts on the table. He will have similar fights with other government agencies, and our country will suffer for it. 0
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GAIL COLLINS
Arms And The Trump When a man at a Florida airport retrieves his luggage, takes out a gun and kills five people, the only part people are surprised about is that it happened at an airport. In the grand sweep of American gunfire in the 21st century, all we can say about Friday’s Fort Lauderdale tragedy was that it’s the worst mass shooting so far in 2017. But there have already been six incidents with more than three dead or wounded victims. On Wednesday, three family members in Fontana, Calif., were killed in their home and another critically wounded. A 73-year-old relative was charged. Never even entered the national conversation. But the Fort Lauderdale case was personal — almost everybody travels through airports. “You just can’t imagine how this could ever happen in a state like ours,” said Florida Gov. Rick Scott at a press conference. A few minutes later he did remember to refer to the fact that last year 49 people were shot to death in a gay nightclub in Orlando. Officials were still unsorting the history of the suspect, identified as Esteban Santiago, and trying to determine whether he was inspired, even in a totally deranged way, by ISIS. Whenever these tragedies happen, the nation holds its breath until there’s an assurance that it did not involve terrorism. If we get the word, there’s a sigh of relief and we go back to living in a country where a random guy will suddenly open fire in a mall or theater or school just because he’s nuts and has a gun. In theory, when a horrific tragedy occurs, the nation is supposed to join hands and come together. It’s hard to do that in mass shooting cases because America is a land divided between gun places and non-gun places. The immediate reaction of many folks from gun places to the Fort Lauderdale shooting was that — aha! — Florida is one of the few states where it’s illegal to carry a gun anywhere in an airline terminal. Meanwhile, many people in non-gun places wondered why airline passengers were allowed to have firearms in their luggage. It’s hard to have a rational gun conversation in a country with such a cultural chasm. It’s the job of our national officials to bridge the gap. And it ought to be possible, since there are some important issues on which almost everybody agrees. One is that gun purchases should be run through background checks to
Another day, another terrible, tragic shooting. make sure the buyer doesn’t have a record of lawbreaking or serious mental problems. We will be arguing for a while about whether background checks could have stopped the Florida airport shooting. But either way, sensible regulation of gun sales will still be sensible regulation of gun sales. This is the moment where I tell you that our president-elect does not believe in sensible regulation of gun sales. Donald Trump’s position on gun laws has gone through a rather familiar evolution. Back in the day he was a sort of indifferent moderate. Then came the campaign and a love affair with the National Rifle Association, which dumped about $30 million into the effort to get Trump elected president. Soon, he was fantasizing about packing heat during the Paris terrorist shootings. (“I can tell you that if I had been in the Bataclan or in the cafes, I would have opened fire. I may have been killed, but I would have drawn.”) He appeared, during one rally, to suggest that if Hillary Clinton was elected president, gun lovers might want to take her out. (“If she gets to pick her judges, nothing you can do, folks. Although the Second Amendment people — maybe there is, I don’t know.”) And he has consistently endorsed the theory that if more people were carrying around guns, the nation would be a much safer place. Donald Trump Jr., a chairman of his dad’s new Second Amendment Coalition, declared, “My father defends the Second Amendment so that you and I and your spouse and your children can take care of themselves when someone much stronger, much meaner, and much more vicious than them tries to break into their home.” In the real world, the chances that having a weapon in the house will translate into protecting the family from a vicious housebreaker are infinitesimal, and far, far smaller than the chances that someone in the family will wind up shot by the very same weapon. But about the background checks: The N.R.A. lobbyists hate them. And Trump has promised that as soon as he’s sworn in, he’ll “unsign” Barack Obama’s executive order closing a big loophole involving online sales and gun shows. Trump could make a really good start this month by just — not doing anything divisive. Give the country a hint that the guy who terrified so many Americans during the campaign will be more measured in office. Leave the background checks alone. We’ve been through a lot.0
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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 2017
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Earlier Suspect May Be Patz’s Killer, Defense Says Even so, the video, which was shown by the lawyers for Mr. Hernandez, 55, allowed jurors to see and hear Mr. Ramos, a convicted child molester, as the defense laid out its argument that he, instead of Mr. Hernandez, could have killed Etan. The defense, which rested its case on Friday, highlighted the evidence that had led investigators, it argued, to consider Mr. Ramos to be a prime suspect for years before Mr. Hernandez was arrested in 2012. But in a move that surprised prosecutors and the judge, the defense omitted three witnesses who had testified about Mr. Ramos in Mr. Hernandez’s first trial, which ended with a deadlocked jury in 2015. The witnesses were a former federal prosecutor, Stuart R. GraBois, who spent a significant part of his career pursuing Mr. Ramos, as well as two jailhouse informers who had recounted conversations they had with Mr. Ramos. In 1979, Mr. Hernandez was an 18-year-old stock clerk working at a bodega near Etan’s bus stop in SoHo. He emerged as a suspect three decades later, when his brother-in-law shared his suspi-
By RICK ROJAS and KATE PASTOR
His clothes were rumpled, and his dark hair was long and scraggly under his engineer’s cap. It was 1982, and Jose Ramos was being questioned by a prosecutor from the Bronx after his arrest on suspicion of trying to lure two boys into a drainpipe in Van Cortlandt Park, which sometimes served as his home. A video recording of the interview was replayed recently in State Supreme Court in Manhattan at the trial of a different man, Pedro Hernandez, who is accused of kidnapping and killing Etan Patz, the 6-year-old boy who disappeared as he walked to his school bus stop in 1979. In the interview, Mr. Ramos rambled on — about the knife and baseball bat he would keep at his side, the jewelry he pulled from his pockets, even astrology (“I’m a Leo,” he said). But Mr. Ramos, who emerged around that time as a suspect in Etan’s disappearance, offered little information about Etan’s case, except to say he had a relationship with a woman hired to walk Etan home from school, as well as with her young, sandyhaired son.
cions with the authorities. During an interrogation with investigators, Mr. Hernandez said he had lured Etan into the basement of the bodega, choked him and dumped his body with garbage a couple of blocks away. Prosecutors played videos of admissions he had made to the authorities. But Mr. Hernandez’s lawyers sought to discredit his statements,
sidered Mr. Ramos to be responsible for Etan’s disappearance, though his parents said after Mr. Hernandez’s first trial that they believed Mr. Hernandez was the killer. This week, Mary E. Galligan, a former special agent for the Federal Bureau of Investigation, recounted an interview she had with Mr. Ramos in 1991. Ms. Galligan, who supervised the F.B.I.’s investigation of the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks, was involved in the Patz case from 1989 to 2000. Ms. Galligan, in her testimony, repeated some of what had been said by others in the first trial, such as claims that Mr. Ramos had said that he had been inside the Patz family’s apartment and that he had been “90 percent sure” Etan was a boy he had encountered in Washington Square Park. That statement about Etan had been made in an interview with Mr. GraBois, the former federal prosecutor, in 1988. Mr. GraBois had investigated Mr. Ramos for years, even taking the step in 1990 of being deputized as a deputy state attorney general in Pennsylvania to prosecute a child molestation case there in the hope of pressuring Mr. Ramos to offer
Casting suspicion on a man who was a prime suspect for years. arguing they had been the result of his limited intelligence and a personality disorder that makes it hard for him to distinguish between reality and fantasy. Mr. Ramos, who is in prison, has a lengthy history of sexual assault, including a 1987 conviction for molesting a young boy in Pennsylvania and a 1990 conviction for sodomizing another boy, who was 8. For years, the Patz family con-
ANTHONY LANZILOTE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Harvey Fishbein, left, who is defending Pedro Hernandez in his retrial in the 1979 killing of Etan Patz, in court in Manhattan. tle boys.” Mr. Ramos told her that he had taken the boy to a subway station, bought him a token and put him on a train headed to Washington Heights, where the boy said his aunt lived. When Mr. Ramos was pressed about the fact that one boy, not two, was reported missing that day, she said that he relented. “O.K., it could have been Etan,” Ms. Galligan recalled him saying. When she left the interview, Ms. Galligan said, she remembered feeling sick to her stomach.
more information in the Patz case. On the witness stand, Ms. Galligan recalled that Mr. Ramos would refer to himself as “the old Ramos” or “the bad Ramos” when discussing his wrongdoing. On the day Etan disappeared, Mr. Ramos told Ms. Galligan, he had gone to Washington Square Park. “He saw a little boy playing handball against the wall,” she testified. He said he had taken the boy, whom he called Jimmy, back to his apartment, where, he told her, “the old Ramos did to the little boy what the old Ramos did to lit-
Weather Report V Vancouver
Metropolitan Forecast
<0
TODAY .........................................Light snow
Regina Winnipe innipeg eg
Se eattle e
Quebec c
Spokane
10s
20s
Portlan and
Bismarck
Eugen en ne
H
30 30s
Pierre erre
Salt Lakk ke e City
40s
H
New York N
Des Mo Moines oines o ines ness
Cleveland
Chicago o
Pitt tt ttsburgh Phi Philadelphia
Omaha
Den Denver De
Kansas Springfield i City St. Louis
Topeka opeka peka
Colorado orad Springs ring
Las Vegas
Fres esno es no
Wash Washington ash Richm chmond Charleston e
Nashville Oklahoma City
Phoenixx
60s Tucson
7 s 70s
H
40s
Baton o Rouge San Antonio Hou ouston
Hilo
80s
50s 50
Mo Mobile New Orleans
J Jacksonville illlle
60s Orl Orl Orlando Tampa a
40s
70s Corpus Christi C
20s 0s s
10s
Miami
70s
80s 8 0s
60s Mooonterrey
0s 0s
Nassau
Weather patterns shown as expected at noon today, Eastern time.
<0 TODAY’S HIGHS
Fairban anks
<0
0s
10s
Anchorage Anc nchorage nc horage
H
Juneau eau au
20s 20s 30s
30s
20s
COLD
WARM
STATIONARY COMPLEX COLD FRONTS
30s
40s
50s
60s
70s
80s
90s
100+
L
HIGH LOW PRESSURE
MOSTLY CLOUDY
Record highs
60°
50°
40° Normal highs
30° Normal lows
MONDAY ..............................Sunny, but cold
Jackson n
70s
60s
Atlanta
Dallas
Ft. Worth
Honolulu nolulu
3 30s
Columb mb bia Birmingham m
Lubbock El Paso o
Charlo Ch arlot arlotte
High 28. A high pressure system will move in from the west and cause a frigid air mass to settle over the area. It will be a partly sunny and windy day, making it feel even colder.
Memphis
Little Rock
Albuq querque q
50s
L
Raleigh gh
Santa Fe
Los Angele Angeles
TOMORROW ..............Partly sunny and cold
N Norfolk
Louisville
Wichita
San Diego San o
Har Hartford Ha a
Indianapolis i
S Fra San ancisco a ncisco
TONIGHT ............................Clouds breaking Low 18. A low pressure system will move away, allowing clouds to break and some breeze. Cold conditions are expected and temperatures will drop when it becomes clear.
Bos Boston
30s 30 30s
D Detroit
Sioux o Falls
Cheyenne Ch
M Ma Manchester
Albany Buffalo alo
Milwaukkee
Casper sper sp er Reno o
Toronto o
St. Paul S
20s
Bu urlington n on
L Minneapolis inneap n p
High 28. A storm system will bring occasional snow throughout the day. Total accumulation will be a coating to an inch or two. It will be mostly cloudy and cold.
H Halifax
Por Portland
Ottawa
Fargo
0s
Billings Boise
10s
H
Montr Montreal Mont
Helena
Meteorology by AccuWeather
SHOWERS T-STORMS
RAIN
FLURRIES
SNOW
ICE
PRECIPITATION
A very cold day will occur with high pressure centered over the area. Temperatures will be well below average despite a good deal of sunshine.
20°
TUESDAY WEDNESDAY ........Rain chance Wednesday
10° M T W T F S S M T W TODAY
Tuesday will be partly sunny and not as cold. The high temperature will be 38. Wednesday will turn into a mild and breezy day with rain showers possible in the afternoon. The high temperature will be 52.
Actual High
Record lows
Forecast range High
Low
Low
40s
Highlight: Snowstorm Riding up East Coast
National Forecast
Metropolitan Almanac
The snowstorm from the Southeast will spread up the Middle Atlantic and New England coasts today into tonight. A coating to an inch or two of snow will graze Washington and New York, but more substantial snow will fall on southeastern New England, including Boston. Snow totals will top six inches in southeastern Massachusetts, with winds blowing and drifting the snow.
A major snowstorm will continue in the Carolinas, while snow spreads north into coastal areas of the Middle Atlantic and New England today. Freezing temperatures may keep roads slippery into early next week. Temperatures will drop in the wake of the storm at night. Rain and thunderstorms are forecast over the Florida Peninsula, while snow and lake-effect snow fall from the Upper Midwest to upstate New York. Areas from the Mississippi River to the Rockies can expect a cold, dry day. High pressure will settle over the Plains. The latest storm from the Pacific will bring torrential rain, ice and high country snow from central California to Oregon. Major flooding is anticipated as the storms continue into next week.
In Central Park for the 16 hours ended at 4 p.m. yesterday.
L
Cities High/low temperatures for the 16 hours ended at 4 p.m. yesterday, Eastern time, and precipitation (in inches) for the 16 hours ended at 4 p.m. yesterday. Expected conditions for today and tomorrow.
C ....................... Clouds F ............................ Fog H .......................... Haze I............................... Ice PC........... Partly cloudy R ........................... Rain Sh ................... Showers
S ............................. Sun Sn ....................... Snow SS ......... Snow showers T .......... Thunderstorms Tr ........................ Trace W ....................... Windy –.............. Not available
N.Y.C. region New York City Bridgeport Caldwell Danbury Islip Newark Trenton White Plains
Yesterday 33/ 27 0.05 35/ 28 0.05 34/ 24 0.07 31/ 20 0.06 35/ 24 0.11 36/ 28 0.08 34/ 27 0.06 34/ 25 0.09
Today 28/ 18 Sn 32/ 20 Sn 30/ 16 Sn 28/ 12 Sn 30/ 18 Sn 30/ 18 Sn 29/ 17 Sn 29/ 17 Sn
Tomorrow 28/ 16 PC 28/ 15 W 26/ 12 W 25/ 7 W 27/ 13 W 28/ 14 W 26/ 13 W 25/ 13 W
United States Albany Albuquerque Anchorage Atlanta Atlantic City Austin Baltimore Baton Rouge Birmingham Boise Boston Buffalo Burlington Casper Charlotte Chattanooga Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland Colorado Springs Columbus Concord, N.H. Dallas-Ft. Worth Denver Des Moines Detroit El Paso Fargo Hartford Honolulu Houston Indianapolis Jackson Jacksonville Kansas City Key West Las Vegas Lexington
Yesterday 26/ 12 0.01 43/ 20 0.16 10/ 4 0 41/ 27 0.15 38/ 25 0.12 40/ 21 0 35/ 23 0.04 40/ 27 0.46 36/ 23 0.03 11/ -4 0 33/ 22 0.13 17/ 10 0.02 26/ 10 Tr 11/ 3 0 44/ 27 0.01 34/ 22 0.02 12/ 4 0 18/ 6 0.02 18/ 12 Tr 21/ 5 0.01 19/ 8 0.01 29/ 8 0.02 35/ 19 Tr 23/ 7 0 18/ 9 0 17/ 8 0 60/ 28 0 1/ -15 0 31/ 16 0.06 79/ 62 0 41/ 27 0.08 16/ 5 0 38/ 23 0.09 71/ 52 0 17/ 6 0 80/ 73 0 48/ 35 0.04 22/ 8 0.05
Today 24/ 11 PC 43/ 27 PC 13/ 8 PC 34/ 20 PC 29/ 20 Sn 44/ 22 S 29/ 16 Sn 43/ 23 PC 35/ 20 PC 19/ 18 Sn 30/ 21 Sn 19/ 14 SS 23/ 9 PC 22/ 18 PC 32/ 9 Sn 36/ 17 PC 21/ 3 S 20/ 9 S 21/ 14 PC 34/ 12 S 20/ 13 S 26/ 6 PC 39/ 20 S 29/ 15 S 23/ 5 S 22/ 12 PC 52/ 33 S 3/ -10 S 28/ 15 Sn 78/ 64 PC 43/ 25 S 20/ 8 S 38/ 20 S 53/ 27 R 29/ 10 S 79/ 62 PC 50/ 41 PC 21/ 11 S
Tomorrow 23/ 5 SS 51/ 32 S 17/ 9 S 37/ 19 S 28/ 17 W 52/ 35 S 28/ 12 W 48/ 30 S 39/ 24 S 37/ 34 Sn 26/ 10 SS 18/ 14 SS 19/ 1 SS 41/ 35 PC 32/ 4 S 34/ 20 S 22/ 15 S 24/ 14 S 20/ 16 PC 46/ 28 PC 23/ 15 S 23/ 0 C 46/ 33 S 44/ 35 PC 28/ 23 PC 23/ 16 S 59/ 38 S 12/ 0 PC 25/ 9 W 79/ 65 PC 50/ 37 S 24/ 16 S 44/ 25 S 46/ 32 S 34/ 24 PC 71/ 61 W 59/ 48 PC 26/ 16 S
Little Rock Los Angeles Louisville Memphis Miami Milwaukee Mpls.-St. Paul Nashville New Orleans Norfolk Oklahoma City Omaha Orlando Philadelphia Phoenix Pittsburgh Portland, Me. Portland, Ore. Providence Raleigh Reno Richmond Rochester Sacramento Salt Lake City San Antonio San Diego San Francisco San Jose San Juan Seattle Sioux Falls Spokane St. Louis St. Thomas Syracuse Tampa Toledo Tucson Tulsa Virginia Beach Washington Wichita Wilmington, Del.
30/ 64/ 22/ 28/ 82/ 11/ 6/ 27/ 49/ 43/ 25/ 19/ 78/ 35/ 64/ 20/ 30/ 34/ 34/ 44/ 31/ 40/ 22/ 48/ 15/ 40/ 64/ 50/ 53/ 88/ 39/ 14/ 17/ 19/ 84/ 22/ 76/ 17/ 64/ 28/ 43/ 38/ 25/ 36/
17 52 10 18 72 5 -6 16 31 28 10 8 63 23 44 9 9 22 20 25 23 22 10 37 5 24 50 45 43 73 26 -4 3 8 74 10 65 6 40 11 29 23 9 20
0.07 0 0 0.04 0 0 0 0.02 0.49 0.12 0.07 0 0 0.04 0 0.02 0.01 0 0.12 0.01 0 0.01 0 0 0 Tr 0.05 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.01 0 0 0.01 Tr 0.13 0.04 0 0.04
32/ 64/ 24/ 30/ 83/ 18/ 8/ 29/ 43/ 33/ 35/ 24/ 69/ 29/ 67/ 17/ 24/ 31/ 29/ 28/ 42/ 29/ 22/ 54/ 23/ 45/ 70/ 58/ 61/ 85/ 37/ 16/ 20/ 29/ 84/ 22/ 66/ 20/ 69/ 37/ 32/ 31/ 37/ 29/
17 55 13 18 57 3 -3 16 30 23 15 8 39 16 48 8 7 29 18 9 41 11 13 52 23 23 54 55 57 73 32 0 18 11 73 11 38 8 47 16 25 19 14 17
S R S S T S S S PC Sn S S R Sn PC PC Sn Sn Sn Sn Sn Sn SS R PC S C R R S C S PC S S C R S PC S Sn Sn S Sn
38/ 72/ 29/ 38/ 71/ 21/ 15/ 36/ 48/ 29/ 40/ 30/ 56/ 28/ 73/ 19/ 21/ 40/ 25/ 30/ 51/ 28/ 19/ 60/ 41/ 52/ 72/ 60/ 63/ 86/ 41/ 24/ 31/ 32/ 83/ 18/ 56/ 22/ 74/ 41/ 28/ 29/ 40/ 27/
23 56 19 25 60 16 13 23 39 21 27 20 44 14 54 9 0 34 7 -3 46 6 14 52 40 37 57 51 53 72 36 15 26 25 73 10 43 13 50 28 22 16 24 14
S PC S S W S PC S S W S PC S W S SS C I SS S R S SS R Sn S PC R R PC R PC Sn PC S Sn S S S S W S S W
Africa Algiers Cairo Cape Town Dakar Johannesburg Nairobi Tunis
Yesterday 57/ 41 0 67/ 46 0 75/ 65 0.01 84/ 69 0 76/ 57 0.02 81/ 55 0 52/ 44 0
Today 61/ 35 S 64/ 49 S 82/ 61 S 83/ 70 PC 75/ 58 T 82/ 54 S 53/ 42 PC
Tomorrow 62/ 39 S 59/ 49 W 85/ 65 S 80/ 70 PC 63/ 55 T 84/ 56 PC 56/ 47 C
Asia/Pacific Baghdad Bangkok Beijing Damascus Hong Kong Jakarta Jerusalem Karachi Manila Mumbai
Yesterday 61/ 41 0 86/ 73 0.07 48/ 21 0 56/ 34 0 78/ 67 0 88/ 73 0.11 58/ 41 0 77/ 63 0 90/ 75 0 84/ 59 0
Today 62/ 41 S 86/ 77 T 40/ 24 Sn 56/ 38 S 75/ 65 PC 87/ 76 C 56/ 39 S 74/ 47 S 89/ 73 PC 84/ 69 PC
Tomorrow 65/ 41 S 86/ 76 T 45/ 21 S 48/ 34 PC 77/ 64 S 89/ 76 PC 49/ 35 S 73/ 48 S 89/ 74 PC 84/ 68 PC
New Delhi Riyadh Seoul Shanghai Singapore Sydney Taipei Tehran Tokyo
76/ 66/ 50/ 58/ 88/ 77/ 77/ 49/ 46/
52 42 33 48 76 67 66 29 35
0.02 0 0 0.31 0 0.33 0.03 0 0
66/ 73/ 48/ 57/ 89/ 81/ 76/ 51/ 51/
50 50 32 47 78 66 65 32 40
R S PC R PC S C S S
66/ 81/ 51/ 51/ 89/ 86/ 71/ 53/ 52/
46 55 32 40 77 70 60 34 43
F PC PC C PC S PC S R
Europe Amsterdam Athens Berlin Brussels Budapest Copenhagen Dublin Edinburgh Frankfurt Geneva Helsinki Istanbul Kiev Lisbon London Madrid Moscow Nice Oslo Paris Prague Rome St. Petersburg Stockholm Vienna Warsaw
Yesterday 31/ 23 0.03 58/ 43 0.16 27/ 16 Tr 32/ 22 0 23/ 10 0 27/ 18 0 53/ 46 0.38 50/ 39 0.17 27/ 17 0 31/ 22 0 9/ -11 Tr 52/ 32 0.53 14/ 5 0.07 53/ 44 0 45/ 29 0.17 52/ 28 0 0/ -17 0.04 51/ 38 0 35/ 5 0.13 36/ 23 0 19/ 13 0.04 38/ 28 0 4/ -3 0.02 23/ 2 0.01 25/ 15 0.02 12/ 1 Tr
Today 43/ 37 R 40/ 31 Sn 27/ 24 Sn 37/ 34 I 18/ 1 S 40/ 28 R 50/ 43 C 46/ 42 PC 28/ 27 Sn 32/ 25 PC 31/ 20 Sn 31/ 22 Sn 7/ 4 Sn 57/ 39 S 50/ 41 C 50/ 24 S -10/ -16 C 50/ 40 S 33/ 20 PC 35/ 34 I 19/ 17 Sn 40/ 24 S 6/ 4 PC 31/ 17 C 22/ 15 PC 14/ 5 PC
Tomorrow 43/ 36 C 36/ 29 Sn 32/ 25 SS 41/ 35 C 19/ 7 S 36/ 33 C 50/ 45 C 49/ 43 C 39/ 31 SS 38/ 23 SS 29/ 26 C 28/ 24 PC 15/ 13 Sn 55/ 39 S 48/ 39 C 51/ 28 S -3/ -10 S 55/ 42 S 28/ 22 C 43/ 34 C 26/ 21 SS 43/ 31 PC 23/ 21 Sn 28/ 24 C 25/ 18 SS 18/ 12 PC
North America Acapulco Bermuda Edmonton Guadalajara Havana Kingston Martinique Mexico City Monterrey Montreal Nassau Panama City Quebec City Santo Domingo Toronto Vancouver Winnipeg
Yesterday 90/ 74 0 72/ 63 0.03 9/ 1 Tr 84/ 42 0 84/ 66 0 89/ 73 0.02 84/ 75 0.10 80/ 44 0 61/ 45 Tr 18/ 11 0 80/ 64 0 91/ 68 0 10/ -2 0 90/ 68 0 19/ 9 0 36/ 28 0.16 -5/ -17 0.02
Today 86/ 73 PC 73/ 68 Sh 7/ -17 C 82/ 45 S 84/ 57 Sh 88/ 72 PC 84/ 73 PC 71/ 41 PC 48/ 32 PC 12/ 0 PC 83/ 67 T 91/ 72 PC 5/ -12 S 88/ 69 S 19/ 12 PC 38/ 29 PC -3/ -12 S
Tomorrow 89/ 71 PC 71/ 56 R -6/ -16 PC 76/ 39 S 69/ 61 PC 89/ 75 PC 84/ 72 PC 65/ 34 PC 55/ 37 S 10/ -12 PC 74/ 61 Sh 90/ 74 PC 5/ -18 PC 88/ 69 PC 17/ 11 PC 37/ 31 R 0/ -17 C
South America Buenos Aires Caracas Lima Quito Recife Rio de Janeiro Santiago
Yesterday 84/ 63 0 86/ 76 0.05 85/ 69 0 63/ 51 0.42 86/ 78 0.04 95/ 79 0.15 88/ 56 0
Today 88/ 69 PC 86/ 77 PC 81/ 67 PC 71/ 54 PC 87/ 79 PC 91/ 78 T 89/ 58 S
Tomorrow 84/ 69 PC 86/ 75 PC 79/ 67 PC 65/ 54 R 87/ 78 PC 93/ 81 PC 88/ 56 S
Temperature
Precipitation (in inches) Record high 72° (2007)
70°
60°
THU.
YESTERDAY
Yesterday ............... 0.05 Record .................... 1.57
Snow ......................... 1.2 Since Oct. 1 .............. 4.4
For the last 30 days Actual ..................... 3.03 Normal .................... 3.75 For the last 365 days Actual ................... 43.00 Normal .................. 49.94
50° 33° 1 p.m.
40°
Normal high 38°
30°
Normal low 27°
27° 3 a.m.
20°
0° 6 a.m.
Avg. daily departure from normal this month ............. +4.8°
High ........... 30.10 4 p.m. Low ............ 29.94 4 a.m.
High ............. 92% 3 a.m. Low.............. 39% 3 p.m.
Heating Degree Days
Record low -2° (1896)
12 a.m.
Humidity
An index of fuel consumption that tracks how far the day’s mean temperature fell below 65
10°
4 p.m.
LAST 30 DAYS
Air pressure
12 4 p.m. p.m.
Avg. daily departure from normal this year ................ +4.8°
Reservoir levels (New York City water supply)
Yesterday ................................................................... 35 So far this month ...................................................... 162 So far this season (since July 1) ............................ 1667 Normal to date for the season ............................... 1871
Trends
Last
Temperature Average Below Above
Precipitation Average Below Above
10 days 30 days 90 days 365 days
Chart shows how recent temperature and precipitation trends compare with those of the last 30 years.
Yesterday ............... 66% Est. normal ............. 87%
Recreational Forecast Sun, Moon and Planets Full
Last Quarter
Mountain and Ocean Temperatures New
First Quarter Today’s forecast
Jan. 12 6:34 a.m. Sun
RISE SET NEXT R
Jupiter
R S
Saturn
R S
Jan. 19 7:20 a.m. 4:45 p.m. 7:20 a.m. 12:32 a.m. 11:47 a.m. 5:31 a.m. 2:55 p.m.
Jan. 27 7:07 p.m.
Feb. 3
Moon
S R S
Mars
R S
Venus
R S
1:41 a.m. 12:55 p.m. 2:51 a.m. 10:11 a.m. 9:30 p.m. 9:48 a.m. 8:40 p.m.
Boating From Montauk Point to Sandy Hook, N.J., out to 20 nautical miles, including Long Island Sound and New York Harbor. A small craft advisory is in effect. Wind will be from the north at 12-25 knots. Waves will be 2-4 feet on the ocean, 1-3 feet on Long Island Sound and a foot or less on New York Harbor.
White 10/-3 Turning cloudy and cold Green 4/-6 Clouds and sun, colder Adirondacks 15/2 Clouds and sun, cold
Catskills 17/4 Cold with clouds and sun Poconos 16/9 Cold with clouds and sun 50s Southwest Pa. 15/7 Clouds and sun, frigid West Virginia 19/6 Decreasing clouds, cold
High Tides Atlantic City ................... 2:12 a.m. .............. Barnegat Inlet ................ 2:26 a.m. .............. The Battery .................... 2:49 a.m. .............. Beach Haven ................. 3:44 a.m. .............. Bridgeport ..................... 6:00 a.m. .............. City Island ...................... 5:40 a.m. .............. Fire Island Lt. ................. 3:12 a.m. .............. Montauk Point ................ 3:55 a.m. .............. Northport ....................... 6:07 a.m. .............. Port Washington ............ 5:54 a.m. .............. Sandy Hook ................... 2:26 a.m. .............. Shinnecock Inlet ............ 2:24 a.m. .............. Stamford ........................ 6:03 a.m. .............. Tarrytown ....................... 4:38 a.m. .............. Willets Point ................... 5:42 a.m. ..............
2:33 p.m. 2:53 p.m. 3:17 p.m. 4:12 p.m. 6:36 p.m. 6:22 p.m. 3:40 p.m. 4:17 p.m. 6:42 p.m. 6:34 p.m. 2:54 p.m. 2:48 p.m. 6:39 p.m. 5:06 p.m. 6:27 p.m.
40s
Berkshires 21/7 Increasing cloudiness
Blue Ridge 27/13 Decreasing clouds, cold
60s
Color bands indicate water temperature.
A cold day is expected over the mountains with a mixture of clouds and sunshine. There will be some snow showers over the western Adirondacks, as well as southwest New York and northwest Pennsylvania. High temperatures will range from the single digits in northern Maine to 20s in the south.
A Platform’s Evolution
Targeting LinkedIn Downloads
Labor Experiment in Sweden
New Role at Facebook
Russia Bans an App
6-Hour Workday’s Costs
Campbell Brown, a former NBC correspondent, was hired to lead a news partnerships team. 3
The move came after a court found the networking service in violation of internet laws. 4
Employees are happier and healthier, but the government is less than thrilled. 6
B1
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SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 2017
Penny-Wise Beyond Their Years Some millennials have retirement savings on their minds, busting a generational myth.
U.S. Recovery Finally Aiding Most Workers In a Big Way By NELSON D. SCHWARTZ
DUSTIN CHAMBERS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
It has been a long time coming — eight years, in fact — but the economic recovery is finally showing up in the average American worker’s paycheck in a big way. There have been plenty of winners in the recovery, which began in mid-2009: companies, homeowners, investors and, especially, households at the apex of the economic pyramid. But the paucity of gains in take-home pay has stoked anxiety and frustration for many others, a factor in the wave of discontent that President-elect Donald J. Trump rode to victory in November. But even as Mr. Trump prepares to succeed President Obama in two weeks, the Labor Department reported on Friday that average hourly earnings rose by 2.9 percent last year, the best annual performance since the recovery began. And many economists expect the trend to gain momentum this year, as a tighter labor market forces employers to pay more to hire and retain workers. “This is a turning point for the overall economy,” said Diane Swonk, a veteran independent economist in Chicago. While wage growth was robust last year, government data for December showed a more tepid increase in employment, with 156,000 jobs added during the month, and a slight uptick in the unemployment rate to 4.7 percent. Until recently, a rise in salaries one month would peter out the next, but the upward trajectory in 2016 reflects wage gains even for Americans at the low end of the pay scale, Ms. Swonk said. Leisure and hospitality workers, for example, saw hourly earnings jump 4.4 percent from a year earlier, equal to the increase Continued on Page 5
Volkswagen Said to Be Near Deal With U.S. In Diesel Case This article is by Jack Ewing, Hiroko Tabuchi and Ben Protess.
LYNDON FRENCH FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
By ZACH WICHTER
You have probably heard it yourself: the impression that millennials are financial freewheelers. The theory goes that today’s 20- or 30-somethings spend with little regard for savings and even less regard for retiring. Retirement planning experts say that this assumption isn’t entirely accurate — though it is perennially true that most young adults don’t make retirement savings a financial priority. But, as the experts point out, millennials are in an ideal position to get started, because whatever they set aside will grow and accrue interest greatly over time. “The value of compounding means
you’ll have to contribute less later,” said Maria Bruno, a senior investment strategist at Vanguard, the investment management company. She recommends that people open retirement accounts as early as they can — that way, the savings have more time to build and be reinvested. Eventually, the interest an account accrues will begin to earn interest of its own. The New York Times spoke to five people in the 20- to 35-year-old age group, a small sample of millennial savers. Two experts from the retirement division of Prudential Financial offered advice and feedback on each person’s profile. Though advice differed based on the individual situation, advis-
ers across the spectrum were consistent on two broader points: ■ Young investors should take advantage of Roth retirement fund options. Roth funds, which include individual retirement accounts and 401(k)’s, differ from traditional retirement accounts in that contributions are made after tax; once money is invested, earnings and withdrawals are tax-free. ■ Younger workers should contribute at least as much as an employer is willing to match in a 401(k) or similar program. With this advice in mind, read a snapshot of millennials at various stages of retirement planning. PAGE 2
Ginger Hamilton and her husband, Cory, top, live in Atlanta on a single income and put the rest into savings. Peter Ruger of Chicago, above, has been hesitant to invest in his company’s 401(k), but he said he planned to open a retirement account.
Volkswagen is nearing a deal to pay more than $2 billion to resolve a federal criminal investigation into its cheating on emissions tests, according to three people briefed on the negotiations. The company or one of its corporate entities is expected to plead guilty to criminal charges as part of the deal, according to one of the people, although what those charges might be is unclear. The settlement could come as early as next week, barring any last-minute hiccups, those people said. The German automaker is eager to put the Justice Department investigation behind it before President-elect Donald J. Trump is sworn in on Jan. 20, according to two others familiar with the company’s position. An intensive investigation into the manipulation of diesel emissions tests began more than a year ago, and involves American and German investigators and prosecutors. A resolution of the criminal investigation in the United States would allow Volkswagen to try to move past a scandal that has hobbled its diesel car business. The criminal case against Volkswagen, and the potential for a guilty plea, have set it apart from other recent auto Continued on Page 6
Grabbing Card Bonuses Before Banks Pull Them While many of us weren’t paying attention, some credit card sign-up bonuses became so eye-poppingly large that the analysts at Bernstein Research wondered in November if the industry was afflicted with temporary insanity. One particular bit of madness — a Chase offer that effectively puts $1,500 in your YOUR pocket without a lot of effort, if MONEY you are a relatively big spender — is close to ending, and many people have just a few more days to take advantage of it. But the mere existence of four-figure bonuses on top of the points and perks that come with everyday spending raises a number of questions for consumers.
RON LIEBER
Even if you thought you had had enough of card-hopping to get the best deals, shouldn’t you at least grab those 15 100-dollar bills if you have the means? Or might the offers actually get better? And is it time to bet against the stocks of the maniac bankers who are tossing around offers like this? CHASE, TODAY? First things first: That giant bonus comes from the Chase Sapphire Reserve card. Here’s how it works (and don’t confuse it with the similarly named Preferred card): If the bank accepts your application, you have three months to spend $4,000. Once you do, Chase hands over 100,000 of its proprietary rewards points. Then you can trade them for $1,500 worth of travel, as long as you book your flights or rooms through Chase.
The card has a $450 annual fee, but it gives back $300 of it each year once you purchase at least that amount in travel. It also gives out a generous amount of points — three per dollar spent — on travel and dining. Plus, you can swap points for miles on many airlines if you want to take your chances with seat availability in those reward schemes. Other perks include access to some airport lounges and a rebate for fees you pay for TSA PreCheck, the expedited security screening, or Global Entry, which speeds international returns. In cardland, any offer this lucrative tends not to last. This week, Chase said it would cut the 100,000-point bonus in Continued on Page 4
ROBERT NEUBECKER
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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 2017
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PERSONAL BUSINESS RETIRING
Penny-Wise Beyond Their Years, Some Millennials Focus on Savings
LYNDON FRENCH FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Peter Ruger of Chicago, who has worked for Redwood Logistics for more than three years, said he was “paying off these crazy student loans with these crazy interest rates.”
Peter Ruger 29, Chicago, accounts-payable coordinator for a freight shipping company and an aspiring singer Although he has worked at his current company, Redwood Logistics, for more than three years, Mr. Ruger has been hesitant to invest in its 401(k). “It’s such a millennial thing, but I don’t want to have to commit to a job,” he said. His career goal is to wind up on Broadway. And while he does some singing gigs on the side, the older he gets, the less likely he figures he is to start a full-time acting career. He doesn’t have a definite vision for his retirement, either. “If I’m being totally honest, I never saw myself as having that option,” Mr. Ruger said.
He has a few thousand dollars in a checking account, but no specific savings. He also has a lot of college debt. “We’re paying off these crazy student loans with these crazy interest rates,” Mr. Ruger said. “Stuff that requires money — like houses and cars and retirement — are not in the cards. We can just pay off the interest on our student loans and our rent, and work until we die.” Further on the topic of his company’s 401(k), Mr. Ruger said he was unsure how the plan worked and worried about losing his investment if he ever left the job. THE ADVICE Crystal Vacura, a retirement counselor at Prudential, said that Mr. Ruger’s feelings were not uncommon: Many people are hesitant to invest in a 401(k), for reasons like procrastination or confusion. She pointed out
to Mr. Ruger that 401(k) contributions could usually stay invested in the original fund or could roll over into new accounts if he switched employers or went freelance. She also suggested that Mr. Ruger put aside all of the earnings from his singing gigs into a dedicated savings account: If he is really not comfortable with a company-based 401(k), he should consider opening an I.R.A., she said. Mr. Ruger particularly liked Mrs. Vacura’s suggestion of investing the money he earned from singing, and said that if he had to choose between a 401(k) and an I.R.A., “I’d go with getting my act together and opening a retirement account through my job, because they offer one, and it’s ridiculous that I haven’t done that yet.”
Mollie Craven
Cherita King
Alex LaCasse
Ginger Hamilton
24, New York City, waitress and aspiring actress
32, Athens, Ohio, Ohio University Office of Global Opportunities program coordinator
28, Seattle, eighthgrade English teacher
28, Atlanta, Coca-Cola staff accountant
If she is able to break into theater or film, Ms. Craven would like to keep working for a lifetime. “As an actor, I’m going to want to tell stories and do that as long as I can,” she said. Even so, she hopes by her late 60s or early 70s to prioritize family time and traveling. Though she has never had a job with retirement benefits, she would be comfortable putting aside 5 to 10 percent of her $45,000 income on her own. She already has $7,500 in savings, but not in a formal retirement account. Her main concern is seasonal fluctuations in her salary that could derail a longterm savings plan. “I’m in a very busy season for work right now, so I’m making more money, but once the tourists go away, it’ll be back to scraping by,” Ms. Craven said. THE ADVICE Ms. Craven said she felt she wasn’t doing enough to save for retirement, but the experts saw things differently. “Mollie sounds like she has it all together,” Ms. Sherman said, noting how much she already has in savings. She didn’t deny that seasonal income fluctuations were a challenge, but said that there were many ways to plan around them. She suggested that Ms. Craven find a financial adviser to develop a personalized strategy and perhaps open an independent retirement account. Ms. Sherman also explained that many people in the entertainment field built retirement benefit credits through organizations that they worked for, but that these benefits were not always well advertised to contractors. Ms. Craven said that she was fairly certain she had not accrued retirement credits through her performances, but was interested in finding an adviser and considering a formal retirement account. “It does seem disheartening that the savings account that I have just sits there and doesn’t grow hardly at all, maybe a cent every month or so,” she said. “I’d love to put some of that away and not touch it.”
As a state employee, Ms. King is eligible to invest in the Ohio Public Employees Retirement System, and she anticipates staying with her employer for the duration. “I hope to retire at some point — my expectation is, after 30 years of service,” she said. “Because I am working for a public institution, 30 years is pretty much the standard.” She has been in her current role for only three years, but was able to start contributing to Opers (the acronym for the Ohio retirement system) as a student employee and already has $15,000 in her account. Though she has no other formal savings, Ms. King owns a house and contributes 10 percent of her $39,200-ayear salary to the account, with the university contributing an additional 14 percent. Ms. King is paying off student loans but expects to be debt-free by the end of the winter, at which point she will be able to diversify her savings plan and increase her contributions by as much as 25 or 50 percent. THE ADVICE “Cherita certainly seems laserfocused on paying off her student loans,” Ms. Sherman said. “She also seems very focused on redirecting that to increasing her retirement savings.” Ms. Sherman and Ms. Vacura agreed that Ms. King was in a good position for retirement, though they recommended that she open a separate “rainy day” savings account. Ms. King said the rainy day fund was her next priority after paying off her student loans. And she was happy her efforts had won good reviews. “It’s validating to hear that people who know about finance are saying I’m on the right track,” she said.
Mr. LaCasse doesn’t see himself jetting off to exotic destinations at the end of his career, but he does hope to have some financial security and independence. He makes about $52,000 a year and contributes 4 percent of every paycheck to a 403(b) account — a retirement account primarily for teachers. His school does not match his contributions, but he did receive an initial, one-time contribution of $1,200. He currently has about $6,000 in a savings account he doesn’t touch, and he puts away a little from every paycheck. Though he would like to save more, Mr. LaCasse worries that he is not in a secure enough position to do so. “There’s kind of a feeling of short term versus long term, and unfortunately the short term comes first — I need to cover my day-to-day expenses,” he said. “The long term takes a major back seat.” For one thing, student loan repayments (of nearly $500 a month) represent about a fifth of his monthly expenses and hinder his ability to squirrel away more. THE ADVICE Stephanie Sherman, a certified financial planner at Prudential, said that Mr. LaCasse might be able to restructure his student loans to give himself more breathing room. “If he has a great credit score, he can refinance them and make the same payment and pay them off quicker, or free up more money for savings,” she said. Mr. LaCasse said he had already considered refinancing and was thinking about it more seriously after hearing Ms. Sherman’s advice. “The process seems so daunting, and it keeps getting pushed aside,” he said. “Now I feel more motivated to do it.”
Ms. Hamilton has been planning for her retirement since she was 17. “I took a class in high school, and they showed me the building of compounding interest,” she said. That prompted her to get a weekend job and put her earnings into an I.R.A., which has grown to about $30,000. She also has a separate 401(k) through her employer, with a similar amount invested. “I want to work really hard now and save really hard so I can travel the world and not have to worry about finances” in retirement, Ms. Hamilton said. Her husband is a strong partner in her savings plan. When they married last year, they agreed to live on a single income and put the rest into savings: They already have more than $100,000. Ms. Hamilton is very reluctant to touch her primary income for anything beyond basic necessities. When the time came to buy new furniture, she got a weekend job at Restoration Hardware to cover the expense. THE ADVICE Ms. Sherman of Prudential said that while Ms. Hamilton would seem to be a model of thrift, she could be even more proactive, perhaps by buying life insurance or opening a tax-diversified retirement savings plan. “Really start to address the things that could derail your retirement, as you’re a fabulous saver,” she suggested. Ms. Hamilton said that her personal financial adviser gave similar feedback and that she was encouraged to be receiving such consistent advice about reaching her goals. “I may not make a million dollars a year, but I feel like I can one day hopefully have a retirement that’s comparable,” she said.
THE NEW YORK TIMES, SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 2017
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PERSONAL BUSINESS WEALTH MATTERS
Washington May Shift From Clean Energy, but Investors Shouldn’t By PAUL SULLIVAN
G
IVEN what Presidentelect Donald J. Trump has said about his energy strategy — he favors coal and wants to end federal subsidies to the clean energy industry — does it still make sense to invest in wind, solar and other alternative sources of power? The answer is an emphatic yes, according to investment advisers, who say clean energy companies will continue to thrive during a Trump administration, regardless of what the president says or does. The sector has become as much about getting returns on investments and catching the next technological boom as it is about reducing greenhouse gases and helping the environment. And clean energy is creating jobs in every state, not just the ones that have oil or gas in the ground. Even the most politically conservative states, like Kansas and Iowa, are leaders in wind power and are likely to continue investing in it. “No longer is there a trade-off between what you believe in and what you can make money off of,” said Nancy Pfund, a founder and managing partner of DBL Partners, which made early investments in SolarCity and Tesla. She predicts that investors “are going to redouble their efforts to migrate their portfolios to a 21st-century energy economy.” Even without subsidies, she said, alternative energy sources will be well positioned to compete with coal and other carbon spewers. “It really has to do with the cost of wind, solar and electric cars compared to where we were 12 years ago,” Ms. Pfund said. And there is momentum in the sector. Bill Gates, the Microsoft founder, recently announced a billion-dollar investment fund to put money into energy research and the reduction of carbon emissions. But the challenge for all investors during the Trump administration and beyond will be to make sure that passions for change and innovation, or anger at environmental policies that favor fossil fuels, do not cloud sound investment analysis. “Recently, people have taken the green mandate and said, ‘You need to invest in the future,’”
JASON HENRY FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Nancy Pfund, a founder and managing partner of DBL Partners, which made early investments in SolarCity and Tesla. said Chat Reynders, the chief executive and chairman of Reynders, McVeigh Capital Management, a $1.3 billion asset-management firm. “People have chased some investments that weren’t timely or were not quality investments in order to participate.” For example, back in the 1970s, some investors were eager to back manufacturers of solar panels. But what was then a cutting-edge technology with high barriers to entry is now a commodity, with prices dropping as more manufacturers enter the market. This is good for the consumer, but not great for investors in the panel makers. And solar power has very much gone mainstream. Walmart, which has panels atop its stores as it works toward 100 percent renewable energy use, and other companies have become huge producers and consumers of solar energy. “You can’t put the genie back
in the bottle when it comes to the economics driving solar, wind and battery storage,” said Thomas Van Dyck, managing director in the SRI Wealth Management Group at RBC Wealth Management. “The economics are such that in California, wind and solar are the cheapest form of power you can put in place,” Mr. Van Dyck said. “If you’re a long-term investor, you need to look at these long-term trends.” Despite the economic forces lining up behind clean energy, investors and analysts caution that people interested in investing in this area should be prepared for a rough ride in the short term. “If you’re a long-term investor and looking out five to 10 years, it’s a no-brainer,” Mr. Van Dyck said. “It’s like looking at Intel or Microsoft in the 1990s — they had some cyclical issues, but look at them today.” An often-cited cautionary tale
of passion trumping economic reasoning is Solyndra, the solar panel maker best known for spending $527 million in government loans before collapsing. R. Paul Herman, the chief executive of HIP Investor, an investment rater and portfolio manager, said investors looking for broad guidance should keep three things in mind. They should look for companies that are trying to save money and reduce risk through clean energy. This is the Walmart example. They should monitor their investments in fossil-fuel producers closely, lest their stocks plummet again as renewable energy gets cheaper and the value of their reserves diminishes. And those with a longerterm investment horizon and a higher tolerance for risk should look for companies focused on energy innovations. The last is the holy grail. Ms. Pfund’s firm, DBL Partners, had great success investing in Tesla
and SolarCity, but she said she was not looking to mimic those investments today. “The last thing I’m going to do is keep investing in the same old, same old,” she said. “The venture-backed electric car company was a smart investment 10 years ago, but today it’s things like storage — the batteries in a Tesla or stationary storage — that are going to play a huge role in the electric grid of the future.” With storage, the energy created by the sun and wind can be used on demand — or on cloudy, calm days. Mr. Reynders said he was steering clear of solar panels but liked companies that install the panels. He also said he thought the Trump administration would be good for alternative-energy investment, though not as its cheerleader. If the administration follows through on Mr. Trump’s plan to cut clean-energy subsidies, it could force a shakeout in the industry and prompt invest-
ors to pay closer attention to company fundamentals. For investors with a greater appetite for risk, there are certainly longer-term energy investments. One is graphene, a superthin, incredibly strong material that can be used as a conductor. Its promise is for batteries of the future, and probably much more. William Page, portfolio manager for global environmental opportunities strategy at Essex Investment Management, said he saw the potential in investing in graphene but was avoiding it for now. “We don’t want to invest in a technology that might work in the lab today but it’s not something that is a viable investment today,” he said. “We want something that is profitable today.” Like Mr. Reynders, Mr. Page thinks that companies that install solar panels are a good investment. He also likes LED lighting installation — not the exactly the sexiest clean energy investment, but one that is environmentally sound and profitable today. At the opposite end of the risk spectrum, Matthew WeatherleyWhite, co-founder and managing director at the Caprock Group, said people could make alternative energy investments in themselves, as it were. “Say you have $10,000,” he said. “Do you want to invest in a solar panel company or in a solar array for your house?” Of course, it depends on whether you are a city or country dweller. “In Idaho, where I live, there’s 6 percent internal rate of return for a solar array, so you get paid back in 18 years,” Mr. Weatherley-White said. “That might not blow the socks off as an investment, but it’s pretty predictable.” In places like California, where state policies favor solar power, that rate of return could be three to four times what it is in Idaho, he said. Still, it comes down to a question every investor should ask: “Where am I going to invest for a positive financial return and an environmental impact?” And in the United States, it is the states rather than the federal government that may wield the greatest influence over the cleanenergy sector. “While the Trump victory for some was disturbing or took the wind out of their sails,” Ms. Pfund said, “the federal government can only do so much.”
YOUR MONEY ADVISER
$23 Million Settlement Highlights the Complexity of Credit Scores By ANN CARRNS
I
N the latest skirmish in a protracted battle, federal regulators have settled charges with two major credit bureaus for marketing credit scores and related products in misleading ways. The credit bureaus, Equifax and TransUnion, agreed this week to pay a combined $23 million to settle accusations by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau that they deceived consumers into buying credit scores of questionable value over a period of several years. The federal consumer watchdog agency said the credit bureaus had also made “false promises” to lure customers into costly recurring payments for credit-related products. Customers signed up for what they thought was a free trial, but were actually enrolled in a service that charged monthly fees unless they canceled during the Email: yourmoneyadviser @nytimes.com
trial period. Terms were not “clearly and conspicuously” stated, the agency said. Hundreds of thousands of consumers were affected, according to the federal bureau. “Credit scores are central to a consumer’s financial life, and people deserve honest and accurate information about them,” Richard Cordray, the consumer bureau’s director, said in a news release. The action is the latest that government regulators have taken over the years to try to force the major credit bureaus to be upfront in their marketing of credit scores, credit reports and related services, like credit monitoring. In 2005 and 2007, for instance, the Federal Trade Commission settled with the third major credit bureau, Experian, over charges of deceptive advertising of credit reports. Credit scores are three-digit numbers used by lenders to decide how likely a consumer is to repay a loan, based on the person’s financial record. The
scores serve as a capsule summary of information in a loan applicant’s credit report, which is compiled by a credit bureau and provided to lenders, and includes information about how many credit cards and loans potential borrowers have, and whether they make their payments on time. TransUnion and Equifax agreed to pay $17.6 million in restitution to customers and fines totaling $5.5 million. “We continue to believe that our consumer marketing has been clear and has complied with the law and other government guidance,” TransUnion said. However, the company said it had worked with the federal consumer bureau to design new marketing disclosures, as part of the settlement. Equifax said it had made changes to address the federal bureau’s concerns shortly after the agency’s investigation began, nearly three years ago. “While Equifax does not believe it has violated any laws and has not admitted any liability,” the com-
pany said, it decided it was best to settle the matter. The companies, the consumer bureau said, violated federal laws by promoting credit scores sold to consumers as the same scores that lenders would use to make credit decisions. “In fact,” the federal bureau said, “the scores sold by TransUnion and Equifax were not typically used by lenders to make those decisions.” The scores TransUnion marketed to consumers are based on a VantageScore model that is “highly unlikely” to be used by any lender or commercial user, the federal bureau said in its consent order. (The VantageScore model was jointly created by the credit bureaus to compete with the dominant FICO credit score, which was created by the Fair Isaac Corporation.) Barrett Burns, chief executive of VantageScore Solutions, said in an emailed statement that consumers should be “clearly informed” when provided a credit score that “the particular
score being provided is unlikely to be the one actually used to make any given credit decision.” In Equifax’s case, the credit scores sold to consumers were “educational” scores, based on the company’s own scoring model. Here are some questions and answers about credit scores and reports: Where can I get a free copy of my credit report? You are entitled by law to a free report each year from the three big credit bureaus. To obtain a copy, visit www.annualcreditreport.com. The Federal Trade Commission advises consumers to be wary of “impostor” websites that may mimic the name of the authorized site. Am I legally entitled to a free credit score? Generally, no, except in certain circumstances — for example, if your score caused you to be rejected for a loan. However, credit scores, including some versions generated by Fair Isaac,
are now widely available free of charge. Many credit cards, partly because of prodding from the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, now offer FICO scores free to customers on their monthly statements. Some card issuers, including Discover, offer access to free scores for noncustomers. While the free scores are not identical to the scores used to reach a decision on other types of credit, they can often help you gauge if your creditworthiness is in the necessary ballpark, and if it is trending up or down over time, said John Ulzheimer, an expert on consumer credit. If I am affected by the settlement, when and how will I receive a payment? Payment details will be included in a plan that the credit bureaus must submit to the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau for approval in the next three months. The agency said eligible consumers would be contacted directly by the credit bureaus.
Facebook Hires Former NBC Correspondent to Lead News Partnerships Team By JIM RUTENBERG and MIKE ISAAC
Facebook is turning to a former television news journalist to help smooth over its strained ties to the news media, which views it as both a vital partner and a potentially devastating opponent. It has hired Campbell Brown, a former NBC News correspondent Campbell and CNN Brown prime-time host, to lead its news partnerships team, starting immediately. The position is a new one for Facebook. In the role, Ms. Brown will “help news organizations and journalists work more closely and more effectively with Facebook,”
she wrote on her Facebook page on Friday afternoon. The addition of Ms. Brown comes as Facebook is struggling with its position as a content provider that does not produce its own content — that is, as a platform, not a media company. Facebook’s ambivalence in applying editorial judgment to the information coursing through its site has repeatedly drawn the company into trouble. In the past few months, Facebook has faced criticism for giving too much prominence to fake news; for censoring as offensive an iconic Vietnam War photograph of a naked girl fleeing a bombing attack; and for allegations that members of its “trending topics” team, which is now disbanded, penalized news of interest to conservatives. In recent months, Facebook has taken several steps to try to limit the expo-
sure of fake news on its site, including working with a group of news organizations. Facebook executives emphasized that Ms. Brown’s role was not to act as the sort of editor in chief that some commentators, including Margaret Sullivan, the Washington Post media columnist, have said it needs. They said she would not be involved in content decisions. Rather, they said, she will work as a liaison with news organizations so that Facebook can better meet their journalistic and business imperatives and lessen some of their suspicion about the social media giant. In recent years, Ms. Brown has emerged as a major player in the pitched political battles over charter schools, prominently clashing with teachers’ unions while coming out against teachers’ tenure. She is married to Dan Senor, a Re-
publican foreign policy adviser and former White House adviser, who is making his own media foray with a bid to buy the Israeli financial newspaper Globes. And during the campaign Ms. Brown was critical of Donald J. Trump. But Facebook executives said they were hiring Ms. Brown for her understanding of the news industry as a onetime White House correspondent, co-anchor of “Weekend Today” and primary substitute anchor of “Nightly News” at NBC News, and primetime anchor on CNN, which she left in 2010. Some commentators noted Ms. Brown’s ties to the Republican donor Betsy DeVos, Mr. Trump’s nominee to lead the Department of Education. Ms. DeVos’s family foundation funds The 74, an education-focused journalism site cofounded and led by Ms. Brown. In a post to the site on Friday,
Ms. Brown said she was stepping away from her daily editorial role at The 74, but will remain on the company’s board of directors. Facebook declined to comment beyond Ms. Brown’s original post on Facebook. The social media site’s relationship with the news media is, at best, in frenemy territory. The company relies on major news organizations — including The New York Times — for reliable news content. News organizations, in turn, rely on Facebook for distribution to its 1.8 billion users, who are increasingly turning to its news feed for information instead of to news organizations’ own home pages. That shift has allowed Facebook to eat up a huge share of the online advertising market, contributing to devastating consequences for the ad-supported news organizations. So, Facebook
has gotten double blame in recent months for enabling the circulation of false news items while contributing to the financial pressures that are causing the continuing, national wave of newsroom buyouts and layoffs. Facebook executives said Ms. Brown would help find better accommodations between Facebook and its journalistic partners so that both find the partnerships equally worthwhile — whether through Facebook Live, its Instant Articles feature or its news feed. The company does have some seasoned journalists in its ranks. But it does not have any in a senior position working on its newsroom partnerships, contributing to a disconnect between the company and news organizations when discussing how to collaborate on projects.
B4
THE NEW YORK TIMES, SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 2017
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PERSONAL BUSINESS
Pouncing on Credit Card Bonuses Before Banks Pull Them From First Business Page half for anyone who applied online after Jan. 12 or in a branch (which isn’t possible for people in parts of the country where there are no Chase branches) after March 12. To be safe, the company suggests applying online by Jan. 11, before it flips the switch the next day. Why the change of heart on a product Chase introduced last summer? The company always said the bonus was an introductory offer, and the bank’s generosity led to a $200 million to $300 million hit to its earnings. So the window on a good thing is partly closing. So should you take advantage of it while you can? My wife and I both have done it and are glad we did. It has required some mental energy to channel the right amount of spending away from our current card and track the new bills so we don’t end up paying late. But there is nothing that focuses the mind quite like feeling that you are beating the system. This feeling of superiority may be delusional, given the amount of research that suggests that we pay more when we put things on plastic than when we pay with cash. But I consider myself above average in this regard, as we all probably do. Another big question: Does it make sense to stick with the Chase card, or ditch it after the bonuses clear? One useful exercise is to run your spending patterns (which your card company’s website ought to be able Twitter: @ronlieber
to divide into categories like dining, travel and groceries) through creditcardtuneup.com to compare the results with those of a number of leading rewards cards. It’s a great tool, but the site’s operator has its own opinions about how much a Chase point is worth versus the Starwood points that I collect on my primary American Express card. Your mileage may vary if you, say, swap Chase or Starwood points for frequent-flier miles and then redeem them for $10,000 firstclass plane tickets to a faraway
In pursuit of the feeling that you’re beating the system. country. Think about your goals for the next couple of years and evaluate accordingly. In our household, we are reserving judgment. That is (in part) because Starwood is in the middle of being acquired by Marriott, which faces the challenging task of combining two loyalty programs without driving away big-spending frequent travelers. Sometime in the next year or so, we will find out what it is going to do. Standard disclaimers apply here, as always. Don’t carry a balance, since interest charges will generally eat up the value of the rewards and then some. Also, applying for too many cards in a short time could hurt your credit score a bit.
IS THE MADNESS CATCHING?
Gordon Smith, the chief executive of consumer and community banking at Chase, spent more than 25 years working at American Express, and it was plainly obvious that the bank was aiming Sapphire Reserve squarely at the Amex Platinum card. Indeed, less than two months after the Chase card appeared in August, Amex issued a news release announcing new benefits for Platinum card holders. Here is what it didn’t do, though: offer a 100,000-point bribe to every new customer who wanted one of its cards. Its standard online offer is currently 40,000 of its own proprietary points, which are 10,000 fewer than what Chase’s new, lower bonus will be. (Yes, it’s hard to compare the value of different reward currencies, but these two aren’t that far apart, and many consumers never make the distinction and assume they are the same anyhow.) Some American Express customers have been luckier, though. Card industry bloggers report that the company has sometimes made targeted bonus offers of 100,000 or even 150,000 points. Leah Gerstner, an American Express spokeswoman, noted that the company had been in the premium card market for more than three decades, implying that it knew a thing or two about appropriate competitive responses to the latest shiny thing. “What’s worked for us is a mix of targeted sign-up bonuses combined with a range of premium benefits and services,” Ms. Gerstner said. She added that
Take My Card, Please! Credit card issuers have been getting more generous with the perks they dangle in front of consumers to get them to sign up for new cards. Average initial credit card sign-up bonuses CASH-BACK BONUSES
BONUSES IN POINTS OR MILES
$120
18 thousand 4Q ’16 $102
4Q ’16 16,864
100
15
80
12
60
9
40
6
20
3 0
0 ’12
’13
’14
’15
’16
Sources: Bernstein Research, WalletHub
the company had issued “record levels of new cards” while delivering “sustainable” economics to the company. In their report in November, the Bernstein Research analysts dangled the tantalizing possibility that American Express might begin some kind of price war, throwing its own sky-high bonuses and privileges at customers. Now that Chase has lowered its sign-up bonus, however, Kevin J. St. Pierre, a Bernstein managing director, thinks the chances of that are low. “They have inertia on their side, with a long-tenured customer base that is generally satisfied with their product and very satisfied with the service,”
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’13
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THE NEW YORK TIMES
he said. “So how much do they need to tweak to defend that?” PITY NOT THE POOR BANKERS
Shareholders (and consumers who are determined to be the least profitable customers of thriving, generous banks) probably shouldn’t panic about the ramifications of the banks’ largess at this point. Chase would not comment about the performance of Sapphire Reserve, owing to the requirement to stay silent before its coming earnings announcement. Still, it almost certainly modeled the possibility that some people would spend their 100,000-point bonus and then stop using the card. The card’s long-term profitability will depend largely on what percentage
Russia Bans Downloads Of LinkedIn Phone App By CECILIA KANG and KATIE BENNER
WASHINGTON — Smartphone users in Russia can no longer download the LinkedIn app on iPhone or Android devices, following a similar move in China to block The New York Times app on iPhones. The demand by Russian authorities to remove LinkedIn in Apple and Google app stores comes weeks after a court blocked the professional networking service for flouting local laws that require internet firms to store data on Russian citizens within the nation’s borders. The action is the equivalent of a nation banning “Catcher in The Rye” and then forcing booksellers to remove the title from their shelves. It puts Apple and Google in a difficult position. The companies are strong proponents of open internet policies and free speech but are now being asked to be agents for governments that censor its citizens. When LinkedIn’s website was blocked, the apps stopped functioning properly. Removing them from the Google Play store and Apple’s App Store may not have cut off access to content, but it sent a signal that countries can push the tech giants to remove the apps. Direct blocking of websites has
been done by China, Russia, Turkey and several other nations for years, usually through their staterun internet service providers. But civil rights groups say the pressure authoritarian governments are now placing on Apple and Google is a new wrinkle. “Apps are the new choke point of free expression,” said Rebecca MacKinnon, who leads a project on open internet tracking at New America. Increasingly, United States tech companies are complying with those demands. In the early 2000s, American internet firms strongly pushed back on demands by China to comply with censorship rules within the country’s internet controls, known as the Great Firewall. Recently, Facebook has been working on a censorship tool to be able to access China, where it is currently blocked along with Twitter and Google. LinkedIn, which is owned by Microsoft, said it was “disappointed” with the decision by Russian regulators to block the service, which the company confirmed was extended to apps in Russian Apple and Google Play stores. “It denies access to our members in Russia and the companies that use LinkedIn to grow their businesses,” said Nicole Leverich, a spokeswoman for LinkedIn.
STOCKS & BONDS
Dow Jones Falls Just Short Of Breaking 20,000 Mark By The Associated Press
So close! The Dow Jones industrial average missed the 20,000 mark by a fraction of a point on Friday as Wall Street’s stock indexes rose after the government said wages jumped in December. Two other major indexes set records. Stocks wavered between gains and losses in the morning after the December jobs report, which showed less hiring than analysts hoped to see. Bond yields rose sharply, as the continued job gains should encourage the Federal Reserve to keep raising interest rates. Indexes turned higher as investors concluded that the rising wages would lead to more spending on technology and consumer goods. Industrial companies rose as investors hoped for greater economic growth. At about 12:40 p.m. the Dow peaked at 19,999.63, but later lost steam. It finished up 64.51 points, or 0.3 percent, at 19,963.80. The Standard & Poor’s 500-stock index rose 7.98 points, or 0.4 percent, to 2,276.98. The Nasdaq composite jumped 33.12 points, or 0.6 percent, to 5,521.06.
The small-cap Russell 2000 index slid 4.65 points, or 0.3 percent, to 1,367.28. Sam Stovall, a United States equity strategist for S&P Capital IQ, said the jobs report had good news for most industries. But he said the report would not push the Fed to raise rates quickly to stave off inflation. “Consumers are earning a bit more and as a result can spend more,” Mr. Stovall said, adding, “people are not too worried the Fed will have to slam on the brakes.” The S.&P. 500 climbed 1.7 percent for the week. That was a marked change from last year, when the index lost 6 percent as the market had its worst opening week in history. The biggest gains on Friday went to companies that stand to benefit from higher wages and greater spending by consumers. Among technology companies, Facebook rose $2.74, or 2.3 percent, to $123.41 and Apple gained $1.30, or 1.1 percent, to $117.91. Amazon had its second big gain in a row and added $15.54, or 2 percent, to $795.99 while travel website TripAdvisor picked up $1.57,
of cardholders carry a balance — and how much and for how long. Mr. St. Pierre said he didn’t lose much sleep over a single, too-generous card offering from a bank of this size. “They are so large that they can afford to experiment,” he said. “A few hundred million in any quarter is a cost of doing business, and they’ll use it, learn from it and improve the product from their perspective and move on.” Citi’s own plastic pushers have already done a bit of this. Its competing Prestige card reduced some perks several months back, though it kept a fourth-night-free hotel benefit. “Our strategic focus is delivering products and experiences that create long, lasting relationships,” said Chris Fred, head of proprietary products for Citi’s cards unit. Bonus chasers and short-term card churners, it seems, are not particularly welcome. Still, the banks face an existential crisis of sorts. A generation of young adults grew up on debit cards, and banks are going to have to do something to get the millions of them who don’t need to carry a balance to switch to credit anyway. There aren’t a lot of great ways to do it other than throwing ever-larger bonuses and perks at them. The rest of us can keep an eye on the bonus offers via blogs like The Points Guy and View From the Wing or on forums like FlyerTalk and Reddit’s card-churning pages. Then — when the going gets as good as it’s gotten in recent months and we want to go on a free vacation — we can sweep in and gleefully pick off the juiciest offers of all.
A move that increases tensions between foreign governments and U.S. tech giants.
SERGEY PONOMAREV FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
The company’s app was removed in Russian Apple and Google stores after a local court ruling. Apple confirmed it was asked to remove its LinkedIn app in Russia about a month ago. It has also confirmed it was asked by China to block The New York Times app, but declined to comment further on both events. Google would not confirm it has removed LinkedIn in Russia but said it adheres to local laws in the countries in which it operates. More nations have enforced their own internet laws in recent years. Turkey intermittently
blocks social media, such as during the attempted government coup last summer. It has also forced YouTube to remove content it considers disparaging of its modern-day founder Mustafa Kemal Ataturk. European nations have also drawn up their own privacy laws and in 2014 a court declared its citizens could demand internet companies like Google unlink information about users upon request. Tech companies and civil rights
The Dow Minute by Minute
advocates warn that the increasing push by nations to create their own internet rules will Balkanize the internet and potentially lead to privacy violations and the stifling of political dissent. Other countries, however, criticize Silicon Valley and the United States government for setting the norms and rules for the internet. “Internet free speech and internet freedom are increasingly under attack all over the globe, and not just from authoritarian re-
gimes,” said Robert M. McDowell, a former member of the Federal Communications Commission and partner at Cooley law firm. “It appears to be a one-way ratchet with speech control getting tighter.” LinkedIn has several million users in Russia, it said. In November, a Russian court ruled that the professional networking site broke local laws that require foreign internet firms to keep their servers holding information on Russian accounts within the nation. Most American internet companies in Russia operate in violation of the law, but without explanation, Russian regulators at a body known as Roskomnadzor took the rare step of enforcing its rules. The Russian regulators could not be immediately reached for comment. The action came at a tense moment in Russian-United States relations related to cyber affairs. Russia has been accused of hacking into American accounts, including the Democratic National Committee, to try to influence the presidential election. American intelligence officials concluded in a declassified report released on Friday that the president of Russia, Vladimir V. Putin, ordered the campaign.
TRAFFIC REPORT
Position of the Dow Jones industrial average at 1-minute intervals on Friday.
20,000
19,940 Previous close 19,899.29
The most-read business news articles on nytimes.com from Dec. 30 through Jan. 5
1. Megyn Kelly’s Jump to NBC From Fox News Will Test Her, and the Networks 201 comments, including:
19,880
This “Feel the Bern” supporter watched Fox ONLY to listen to Megyn Kelly. She was always a conservative I would gladly listen to. — JSINGER, TEXAS
19,820 10 a.m.
Noon
Source: Reuters
or 3.2 percent, to $50.77. Industrial companies, which have climbed since the presidential election, also fared well. Machinery and equipment maker Honeywell rose $1.74, or 1.5 percent, to $118.53. Bond prices fell. The yield on the 10-year Treasury note rose to 2.42 percent from 2.35 percent. Companies that pay large dividends, including phone companies and real estate investment trusts, lagged as bond yields rose. AT&T gave up 84 cents, or 2 percent, to $41.32 and Crown Castle International fell $1.76, or 2 percent, to $85.50. Amgen climbed and Sanofi and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals fell after a federal court moved to block sales of Sanofi and Regen-
2 p.m.
4 p.m. THE NEW YORK TIMES
eron’s cholesterol drug Praluent. A federal jury ruled in March that Praluent infringes on two patents that belong to Amgen. Both are costly biotech drugs designed to be injected once or twice a month. Sanofi and Regeneron said they will appeal the ruling. Amgen stock gained $3.80, or 2.5 percent, to $156.78 while Regeneron slid $22.24, or 5.8 percent, to $358.68 and Sanofi lost $1.18, or 2.8 percent, to $40.32. The dollar rose to 117.02 yen from 115.56. The euro slipped to $1.0533 from $1.0596. United States benchmark crude oil rose 23 cents to close at $53.99 a barrel in New York. Brent crude, which is used to price oil sold internationally, added 21 cents to close at $57.10 a barrel in London.
2. The Best Time to Retune Your Career? It’s Probably Right Now 3. Growing a Different Apple 4. Even Before He Takes Office, Trump Knocks Automakers on Their Heels 5. Apple Removes New York Times Apps From Its Store in China 6. Google Helping Mobile Publishing? Some Publishers Are Not So Sure 7. Five Resolutions to Simplify Your Tech Life 69 comments, including: Some die hard preps I know are incorporating Greek letters into their passwords. — MARTEL HAUSER, SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
8. Coming to Carnival Cruises: A Wearable Medallion That Records Your Every Whim 9. Chase Sapphire Reserve Card’s Huge Bonus Will Be Slashed 10. Donald Trump Nominates Wall Street Lawyer to Head S.E.C.
THE NEW YORK TIMES, SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 2017
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Jobs Well Done? How Obama Compares With Predecessors By NEIL IRWIN
On a Friday morning in February 2009, the Labor Department issued its standard monthly readout on the state of the United States labor market. It was the first of 96 jobs reports to be issued during the Obama presidency, and it was a catastrophe. “With Grim Job Loss Figures, No Sign That Worst Is Over” was the print headline for The New York Times. “598,000 Jobs Shed in Brutal January,” said The Washington Post. There was considerably less hand-wringing upon the release of the final jobs report of the Obama years on Friday, and for good reason. The nation added 156,000 jobs in December, and the unemployment rate was 4.7 percent, not the 7.9 percent reached eight years ago. To be precise, that report from February 2009 covered the period shortly before President Obama took office, and the state of the economy in the final days of his administration will be captured by numbers released early next month. But we’re close enough to the end of the Obama era that it’s hard to imagine any radical shifts in those numbers. Granted, presidents have limited ability to shape the economy. Congress controls the power to tax and spend, and the Federal Reserve sets monetary policy. A president has only subtle ways of influencing either. Luck plays a big part in economic results, too; Bill Clinton didn’t invent the internet, but its advent helped drive a jobs boom during his presidency. Still, with moving vans starting to pull up to the White House gates, it’s a fine time to look at how President Obama’s jobs record stacks up against his predecessors. The short answer: The Obama years have been a gloomier period for American workers than the years of Ronald Reagan or Mr. Clinton. But Mr. Obama’s record looks much better if you make adjustment for the fact that he took office in the middle of an economic free fall, or if you compare him with either President Bush. Job Growth: The Obama Era Falls Short One of the simplest ways to measure employment is to look at the rate of job growth during a presidency. Here, the math is straightforward. With one month to go, the number of payroll jobs in the United States is up 8.4 percent since Obama took office. Of the last three two-term presidents, that falls considerably short of the levels reached by Presidents Reagan (17.7 percent) and Clinton (20.9 percent), but substantially better than the results achieved by George W. Bush (a gain of 1 percent). There are also some ways in
RUTH FREMSON/THE NEW YORK TIMES
President Obama in 2009 after the first jobs report issued during his administration. The average jobless rate in the past eight years was 7.4 percent.
which this isn’t a fair comparison. That’s because job growth rates are heavily shaped by two things that a president can’t control: the state of the economy when they take office, and demographic forces that shape the availability of workers. Here, Presidents Reagan and Clinton had a big advantage. Both took office not long after a recession had ended, meaning that their job growth results were boosted by unemployed workers who were returning to the work force. And both presided during a time when baby boomers were in prime working years and women were entering the work force. By contrast, both President Bushes took office with the economy at full employment, when there was nowhere for job growth to go but down. And President Obama took office during a period of economic disaster, with less favorable demographics: Baby boomers are now retiring, and the proportion of women who seek to work is stable, not growing. Unemployment: High on Average but a Better Handoff One way to filter out those effects is by looking at the unem-
inherit among the lowest jobless rates of any new president in modern times. Only Richard Nixon and George W. Bush inherited a lower rate. And the 3.1-percentage-point decline in joblessness over President Obama’s eight years ties with Mr. Clinton for the steepest drop during a presidency in the post-World War II era.
The Upshot provides news, analysis and graphics about politics, policy and everyday life. nytimes.com/upshot
ployment rate, which captures only the share of people who are looking for a job who can’t find one. The average jobless rate during the Obama presidency is quite high by modern standards, at 7.4 percent. Even amid the miserable job growth record of the George W. Bush administration, the jobless rate averaged only 5.2 percent. The sheer depth of the recession that Mr. Obama inherited, combined with the slow, long slog out of it over which he presided, ensured that the jobless rate was, on average, elevated through his presidency. If you look not at the average, but compare the economy a president inherited with the one he passed along to his successor, President Obama’s record looks a great deal better. If the December jobless number is unchanged in January, Donald J. Trump will
Labor Force Participation: Not Just an Obama-Era Story Looking only at the unemployment rate, especially at the tail end of the administration, may be too generous to the Obama record. That rate only counts people who are actively seeking work. And one of the big stories of the last several years has been a contraction in the share of Americans who even count themselves as part of the labor force. But how to measure that? One way is to look at the share of the adult population that is working, or counts itself as part of the labor force. But if you do that, you fail to account for people who are not in the labor force for completely sensible reasons — because they are voluntarily retiring, or going to graduate school, and so on.
That’s why economists often look at “prime-age” labor force participation, only the share of people between ages of 25 and 54 who are either working or seeking work. But here also, it is tricky to compare shifts in recent years with earlier decades, when women were entering the work force at high rates. That shift, which took place roughly from the 1960s through 2000, fueled a boom in the rate of labor force participation that hasn’t continued in the last 16 years partly because most of the women who want to be part of the labor force already are. But what if we look just at the labor force participation rate among prime-aged men? How do the Obama years stack up? It’s pretty bad. The proportion of men 25 to 54 who are part of the labor force has fallen by 1.4 percentage points during the last eight years. What is less widely understood, though, is that this shift isn’t some new phenomenon of the Obama era. That same measure fell by 1.7 percentage points during the eight years of George W. Bush’s presidency. Even during the boom years of the Clinton administration, it fell by 0.9
The Labor Picture in December SHARE OF POPULATION
UNEMPLOYMENT RATE
5.0 %
DEC.
4.8
1-YEAR CHANGE
59.7 % Unch. + 0.1 pts. 62.7 + 0.1 pts. Unch.
Employed 4.7%
1-MONTH CHANGE
Labor force (workers and unemployed) ‘HIDDEN’ UNEMPLOYMENT
In millions 4.6 J
F
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A
M
J
J
UNEMPLOYMENT DEMOGRAPHICS DEC. KARSTEN MORAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Loading luggage at La Guardia Airport in New York. Pay is now rising even for minimum-wage and other low-salary jobs.
U.S. Recovery Is Helping Most Workers in Big Way From First Business Page enjoyed by employees in the surging technology sector. To be sure, a number of the economic problems cited by Mr. Trump during the campaign remain: millions of former workers not even looking for jobs, ebbing factory positions and fewer opportunities for the 55 percent of Americans without college degrees or other post-high school credentials. “Strong economic growth doesn’t really matter if it’s not widely distributed,” Ms. Swonk said. “You can have a better economy but still not good enough for people who aren’t participating at all.” A more comprehensive government barometer of unemployment, which includes workers forced to take part-time jobs because full-time positions were not available, stood at 9.2 percent in December, a much higher level than at this point in past recoveries. But rising wages should counter the economic undertow, especially if the gains remain broad-based. And while a 2.9 percent increase may not sound like
much, it goes much further because inflation is about 1.7 percent. Economists expect wages to rise by up to 3.5 percent in 2017 — still below the gains many workers saw in the recovery of the mid-2000s, and in the tech-fueled boom of the late 1990s. Although not reflected in the December figures, many lowwage workers are getting raises this year because of state increases in the local minimum wage. Some of the increases were substantial, with Arizona, Maine and Washington each raising the floor by $1.50 or more an hour. Even in California, where, at 50 cents an hour, the wage gain is not as steep, one in 10 workers has gotten a raise. And minimum-wage gains can have a spillover effect, pushing up pay for workers just above the bottom salary tier. For all his criticism during the campaign of Mr. Obama’s economic stewardship, Mr. Trump will inherit an economy that is fundamentally solid. Consumer sentiment, corporate profits and the stock market are all at or near multiyear highs. On Friday, Wall Street embraced the not-too-hot, not-too-
A
S
O
1-MONTH CHANGE
N
D
1-YEAR CHANGE
DEC.
1-MONTH CHANGE
1-YEAR CHANGE
Working part time, but want full-time work
5.6
– 1.1 % – 7.6%
People who currently want a job§
5.4 †
– 1.4
DEC.
1-MONTH CHANGE
– 4.5
White
4.3 %
+ 0.1 pts. – 0.2 pts.
Black
7.8
– 0.2
– 0.6
Hispanic*
5.9
+ 0.2
– 0.3
2.6 †
– 0.4 †
– 1.4 †
Less than high school
7.9 % Unch.
Asian
– 0.5
– 1.6
High school
5.1
+ 0.2 pts.
Some college
3.8
– 0.1
– 0.4
Bachelor’s or higher
2.5
+ 0.2
Unch.
DEC.
1-MONTH CHANGE
1-YEAR CHANGE
145.3
14.7
Teenagers (16-19)
DURATION OF UNEMPLOYMENT In weeks DEC.
1-MONTH CHANGE
1-YEAR CHANGE
Average
26.0
– 0.8 %
– 6.5 %
Median
10.3
+ 1.0
– 3.7
UNEMPLOYMENT BY EDUCATION LEVEL
In millions
Nonfarm
Nonfarm payroll, 12-month change
+2%
+ 1.2pts. – 0.4
TYPE OF WORK
Goods EMPLOYMENT
1-YEAR CHANGE
Services Agriculture
+ 0.1%
+ 1.5%
19.7
+ 0.1
– 0.1
125.6
+ 0.1
+ 1.8
2.4
– 3.1
– 4.0
AVERAGE WEEKLY EARNINGS
Rank-and-file workers
+1
DEC.
1-MONTH CHANGE
1-YEAR CHANGE
$891.80
+0.4%
+ 2.3 %
Figures are seasonally adjusted, except where noted. 0 J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
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N
D
*Hispanics can be of any race. †Not seasonally adjusted. §People not working who say they would like to be. Includes discouraged workers and those who cannot work for reasons including ill health. THE NEW YORK TIMES
Source: Bureau of Labor Statisics
cold labor market figures, lifting the Dow Jones industrial average close to 20,000 and a new nominal record. Investors and traders are watching the jobs data closely for clues about when the Federal Reserve Board may next raise interest rates. Last month, the Fed increased interest rates for only the second time in a decade, and policy makers signaled that three more increases could come this year. The
wage gains are among the reasons the Fed is likely to stick to that plan, Ms. Swonk, the Chicago economist, said. Monthly job creation last year was well below the 236,000 average for hiring in 2014 and 2015. But with the economy close to what Fed policy makers and other experts consider full employment, employers are increasing wages, to retain workers and to attract new ones. While the minimum wage in-
creases provide a floor when it comes to pay, the ceiling continues to rise in fields like financial services, sales and technology, said Tom Gimbel, chief executive of LaSalle Network, a Chicago staffing company. “Across the board, I see more aggressive salaries being offered by corporations than at any time in the last 10 years,” Mr. Gimbel said. Seasoned sales representatives are drawing base salaries of
percentage points. Going back even further, when America’s postwar economy was going strong, the proportion of prime-age men in the labor force was falling. In the Nixon years, the number fell by 1.8 percentage points, more than twice the rate on a per-year basis as in the Obama administration. In other words, during the Obama administration, more men, even of prime working age, have dropped out of the labor force, and this is one of the most worrisome long-term trends in the economy. But it has been more of a continuation of a longterm pattern than something new. So what is the Obama jobs legacy? The administration succeeded in ending the steepest recession in modern times, and has presided over steady job growth for seven of its eight years — though less impressive than in some other recent administrations. The slow recovery meant an elevated unemployment rate, but President Obama will hand off to his successor an economy near full employment, something only a few modern presidents have accomplished.
A potential balm for some of the economic anxiety on display in the presidential race. $150,000 a year, compared with $125,000 two years ago, according to Mr. Gimbel. Entry-level software developers who once started at around $50,000 a year can now command $70,000. Other executives in the Midwest also report upward pressure on wages, including in grittier settings than the white-collar fields where engineers and financial professionals cluster. At Lou Malnati’s Pizzeria, which has 46 restaurants in the Chicago area and one in Phoenix, entry-level pay in hourly positions like server, cook and dishwasher is now about $11.50 an hour, compared with $10 an hour three years ago. Mark Agnew, the chain’s president, said most of the increase was a result of the steady rise in Chicago’s minimum wage, which has gone from $8.25 in 2014 to $10.50 now. It is set to hit $13 by summer 2019. “We want to stay ahead of the minimum wage because we want to attract the best talent,” Mr. Agnew said. A substantial portion of the chain’s 3,000 workers have been with the company for more than 10 years, a rarity in the highturnover restaurant industry that is another benefit of the slightly higher wages. Economists and politicians have long debated whether raising the minimum wage ultimately hurts workers as companies cut positions or leave them unfilled in the face of rising labor costs. So far, that has not been the case at Lou Malnati’s, Mr. Agnew said. The chain has opened about a dozen new locations in the past three years, adding about 600 workers to its payroll over all. “It’s very tricky, and I know the minimum wage may erode job creation in some industries,” he said. “But in my own company, it hasn’t hurt hiring.”
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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 2017
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In Sweden, Happiness From Shorter Workday Can’t Overcome the Cost By LIZ ALDERMAN
A controversial experiment with a six-hour workday in one of Sweden’s largest cities wrapped up this week with a cheerful conclusion: Shorter working hours make for happier, healthier and more productive employees. There’s just one catch. The practice is too expensive and unwieldy to become widespread in Sweden anytime soon. The two-year trial, which took place in the southern city of Gothenburg, centered on a municipal retirement home where workers were switched to a sixhour day, from eight hours, with no pay cut. Seventeen new nursing positions were created to make up for the loss of time, at a cost of around 700,000 euros, or $738,000, a year. Although it was small, the experiment stoked a widespread discussion about the future of work, namely whether investing in a better work-life balance for employees, and treating workers well rather than squeezing them, benefits the bottom line for companies and economies. “The trial showed that there are many benefits of a shorter working day,” said Daniel Bernmar, the leader of the Left party on Gothenburg’s City Council, which had pushed for the experiment. “They include healthier staff, a better work environment and lower unemployment.” But the high price tag, and political skepticism about the practicality of a shorter workday, was likely to discourage widespread support for taking the concept nationwide. “The government is avoiding talking about the issue,” Mr. Bernmar said. “They’re not interested in looking at the bigger picture.” While a growing number of countries and companies are studying the concept of employee
MAGNUS LAUPA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Gabrielle Tikman, a surgical nurse in Gothenburg, Sweden, in 2015. She said an experimental six-hour workday raised efficiency. happiness, the idea of improving it through shorter work hours has by no means gained broad traction. In Gothenburg, the City Council’s conservative opposition parties derided the experiment as a utopian folly and sought to kill it, citing high costs for taxpayers and arguments that the government should not intrude in the workplace. The current government is also not backing a shorter workweek. Even the handful of progressive political groups aligned with Mr. Bernmar’s Left party have not
made a six-hour workday in Sweden a priority in their platforms. Nor have large Swedish companies, including multinationals active around the world, embraced the idea. Other Swedish towns that previously conducted limited experiments with a shorter public-sector workweek eventually abandoned the concept, citing high costs and flawed implementation. A similar model in France has been controversial for more than 15 years, ever since a Socialist government made a 35-hour workweek mandatory.
François Fillon, a conservative politician who is considered the front-runner to become France’s new president in elections this May, has vowed to kill it if he wins. Companies of all sizes in France have complained repeatedly that the short workweek requirement has damaged competitiveness and generated billions in additional costs. French unions defend the measure as protecting workers from employers who might otherwise return to more onerous workplace conditions. Still, some large companies are beginning to explore the argu-
ment that happy workers may make better, more productive employees. Amazon, Google and Deloitte recently began experiments to compress the 40-hour week into four days for some employees. Amazon, which has come under fire for encouraging employees to work long hours, announced last summer that it would test a 30hour workweek for a small group of employees and managers, giving them 75 percent of their current pay but leaving them with the same benefits as other workers. In the experiment at the
Gothenburg retirement home, employees reported working with greater efficiency and energy when their hours were cut to six from eight a day. They called in sick 15 percent less than before and perceived their health to have improved at least 20 percent, according to a preliminary review issued last year. At a nearby municipal retirement home, where a control trial left working conditions unchanged, employees reported increased blood pressure and said they perceived no improvement in their health, peace of mind or alertness, the review showed. A final report is scheduled to be released in March. The program increased Gothenburg’s costs by 22 percent, mostly to pay for new employees. But around 10 percent was offset by reduced costs to the state from people being taken off the unemployment rolls and paying taxes into the system, rather than receiving state subsidies, Mr. Bernmar said. Modest experiments are moving ahead in a handful of small towns in Sweden, mostly in the public health care sector, to see if the results from Gothenburg can be duplicated. This year, four additional Swedish municipalities are expected to start research programs. The bigger issue, Mr. Bernmar argues, is whether policy makers are willing to explore a connection between human happiness and health and productivity. Despite arguments that governments have no business in setting happiness as a public policy goal, leaders in several countries, including Italy, Japan and Qatar, are increasingly paying attention to the concept. The question, Mr. Bernmar added, was “should we work to live, not live to work?”
VW Nears Settlement With U.S. Over Diesel From First Business Page industry investigations. In settlements with General Motors and Toyota over their handling of safety defects, for example, the companies agreed to pay large fines, but did not plead guilty. Prosecutors are also mulling criminal charges against Takata, the Japanese manufacturer under criminal investigation for its defective airbags. It is unclear whether prosecutors would also charge Volkswagen employees, but high-ranking Justice Department officials have forecast the possibility. “We will follow the facts wherever they go, and we will determine whether to bring criminal charges against any companies or individual wrongdoers,” Sally Q. Yates, the United States deputy attorney general, said last year at a news conference. American prosecutors have also traveled to Germany in recent months to interview Volkswagen executives, according to German prosecutors. In addition, the Justice Department has assured witnesses that they will not be arrested if they travel to the United States for questioning, according to a defense lawyer involved in the case as well as one witness, who spoke only on the condition of anonymity. German suspects cannot be arrested by the United States in their home country, which normally does not extradite its own citizens. It is not clear if any of the suspects, who include former Volkswagen managers and engineers involved in diesel engine development, have accepted the offer. The offers typically allow witnesses to travel to the United States and back without fear of arrest, but do not include a guarantee they will not be charged in the future. Volkswagen acknowledged in 2015 that it had fitted 11 million diesel cars worldwide with illegal software that made the vehicles capable of defeating pollution
ODD ANDERSEN/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES
Volkswagen employees watched Matthias Müller, the chief executive, addressing a meeting at the automaker’s headquarters in March in Wolfsburg, Germany. tests. The software enabled the cars to detect when they were being tested for emissions, and turn on pollution-control systems to curb emissions at the cost of engine performance. But those emissions controls were not fully deployed on the road, where cars spewed nitrogen oxide at up to 40 times the levels allowed under the Clean Air Act. Volkswagen has already agreed to pay up to nearly $16 billion to resolve civil claims in what has become one of the United States’
largest consumer class-action settlements ever, involving half a million cars. Under the settlement, most car owners have the option of either selling their vehicles back to Volkswagen, or getting them fixed, granted the automaker could propose a fix that satisfied regulators. The Environmental Protection Agency and California Air Resources Board on Friday approved the first of those fixes, covering about 58,000 newer cars.
The scandal has affected a range of Volkswagen and Audi models, including the Audi A3, Volkswagen Beetle, Golf, Jetta and Passat diesel cars. It was brought to light in September 2015, when the Environmental Protection Agency accused Volkswagen of using software to detect when the cars were undergoing testing. Along with the American and German investigators and prosecutors, the inquiry into the cheating has involved the law firm
Jones Day, which was hired by Volkswagen to conduct an internal investigation. The expected settlement was reported earlier by The Wall Street Journal. Progress toward a resolution of the case has been frustrated by differences in German and American law and customs. German prosecutors do not work out plea deals with suspects as routinely as prosecutors in the United States do. Punishments in the United States also tend to be
harsher, and are seen as unacceptable by the German suspects. One person has been convicted in the United States: James Liang, a former Volkswagen engineer who worked for the company in California. Mr. Liang pleaded guilty in August to charges that included conspiracy to defraud the federal government and violating the Clean Air Act. He is expected to receive a reduced sentence in return for cooperating with investigators.
Justice Dept. Questions Insurance Practices of 2 Dialysis Chains and a Kidney Fund By REED ABELSON and KATIE THOMAS
The nation’s two largest dialysis chains, Fresenius and DaVita, said on Friday that they had received subpoenas from the Justice Department for information about their relationship to a charity that provides assistance paying the insurance premiums of needy patients. A spokeswoman for the charity, the American Kidney Fund, also said it had been subpoenaed. The fund was the subject of an article last month in The New York Times that highlighted concerns over whether the fund favored patients of its largest do-
nors, Fresenius and DaVita, over those from smaller dialysis clinics that did not donate money. The Kidney Fund’s agreement with the federal government forbids it from choosing patients on the basis of which clinic they are using for dialysis, an expensive treatment for patients with kidney failure. A spokeswoman for the United States attorney for the District of Massachusetts, which issued the subpoenas, declined to comment. DaVita said in a statement that the subpoena sought “the production of information related to charitable premium assistance,” and that “the company looks forward
to working with the government to allow for clarity on these complex issues.” A spokeswoman for the Kidney Fund said that it had received an administrative subpoena for more information about its premium assistance program. She said the fund was “fully cooperating” with the request. The fund contends that it has never turned down a patient for assistance if the patient qualified financially. “It is simply not true that we require any provider to contribute to the program,” LaVarne A. Burton, the Kidney Fund’s chief executive, said in an interview last month. “Never
have, and never will.” The Kidney Fund’s premium assistance program has been under scrutiny since last summer, when questions were raised about whether some dialysis companies were inappropriately steering patients eligible for government insurance programs like Medicaid into more lucrative private insurance sold in the marketplaces created by the Affordable Care Act. The Kidney Fund would cover their insurance premiums, which patients otherwise would not be able to afford. The private plans pay the clinics much more than Medicaid — up to four times as much, adding
up to an additional $200,000 per patient per year — for the same dialysis treatment. The dialysis companies have denied that they inappropriately steered patients into signing up for private insurance. One large insurer, UnitedHealthcare, sued another large dialysis chain, American Renal Associates, saying it inappropriately switched patients to its policies from Medicaid. A spokeswoman for American Renal Associates, which has denied the accusations, declined to comment on Friday. In August, the federal agency that oversees the Medicare and Medicaid program raised con-
cerns about the practice, saying it was “improper” to steer patients away from government health programs, and sought public comment on the issue. In December, it issued a rule requiring that dialysis clinics provide more information to patients about their insurance options and that insurers be notified when their customers’ premiums are being paid for by an outside party like a charity. On Friday, the large dialysis chains and patient groups filed a federal lawsuit seeking to halt the rule, which they said would expose patients to additional costs and could deny them access to health insurance.
THE NEW YORK TIMES, SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 2017
B7
N
MARKET GAUGES S.&P. U 500
DOW U INDUSTRIALS
2,276.98 +7.98
NASDAQ U COMPOSITE
19,963.80 +64.51
Standard & Poor’s 500-Stock Index
5,521.06 +33.12
Nasdaq Composite Index
3-MONTH TREND
CRUDE OIL U
2.42% +0.07
10-YEAR TREASURY YIELD U
GOLD D (N.Y.)
$53.99 +$0.23
THE D EURO
$1,171.90 –$7.80
Dow Jones Industrial Average
3-MONTH TREND
$1.0533 –$0.0063
3-MONTH TREND
2,400 +10%
5,800
2,300
5,600
+ 5% 2,200
+10%
20,000
+10%
+ 5%
19,000
+ 5%
5,400 0%
0%
– 5%
– 5%
5,000
– 5% 17,000
2,000 Nov.
0%
18,000
5,200
2,100
Dec.
Nov.
Dec.
Nov.
Dec.
When the index follows a white line, it is changing at a constant pace; when it moves into a lighter band, the rate of change is faster.
STOCK MARKET INDEXES Index
Close
MOST ACTIVE, GAINERS AND LOSERS % Chg
Chg
52-Wk % Chg
YTD % Chg
Index
DOW JONES
Close
% Chg
Chg
52-Wk % Chg
YTD % Chg
Stock (TICKER)
NASDAQ
Industrials Transportation Utilities Composite
19963.80 9104.08 661.56 6957.80
+ 64.51 + 0.32 + + 52.32 + 0.58 + + 1.71 + 0.26 + + 26.77 + 0.39 +
18.08 26.15 13.96 19.57
+ + + +
1.02 0.67 0.30 0.80
1008.15 2276.98 1682.07 840.17
+ + ◊ ◊
4.01 7.98 1.31 4.87
+ + ◊ ◊
0.40 0.35 0.08 0.58
+ + + +
13.69 14.41 23.61 29.22
+ + + +
1.69 1.70 1.29 0.26
11237.63 7889.70 11653.60 7104.73 12146.89
◊ ◊ ◊ + ◊
10.07 55.24 28.54 10.72 24.22
◊ ◊ ◊ + ◊
0.09 0.70 0.24 0.15 0.20
+ + + + ◊
13.88 12.95 29.78 16.53 0.15
+ + + + +
1.63 1.43 1.30 2.06 2.01
Nasdaq 100 Composite Industrials Banks Insurance Other Finance Telecommunications Computer
STANDARD AND POOR’S
100 Stocks 500 Stocks Mid-Cap 400 Small-Cap 600
NYSE Comp. Tech/Media/Telecom Energy Financial Healthcare
5007.08 5521.06 4559.82 3840.09 8415.84 6641.42 289.98 2999.27
+ + + + + + ◊ +
42.12 33.12 16.95 7.52 31.15 11.21 0.94 29.45
+ + + + + + ◊ +
0.85 0.60 0.37 0.20 0.37 0.17 0.32 0.99
+ + + + + + + +
12.67 14.17 15.27 38.78 19.23 22.10 18.82 19.07
+ + + ◊ + + + +
2.95 2.56 2.59 0.32 0.75 2.68 0.59 2.51
% Chg
Chg
Volume (100)
Stock (TICKER)
2333.55 23816.56 5336.02 1367.28 85.31 908.65 92.77 192.66
◊ 5.57 ◊ 0.24 + + 67.94 + 0.29 + ◊ 14.05 ◊ 0.26 + ◊ 4.65 ◊ 0.34 + ◊ 2.62 ◊ 2.98 + + 6.96 + 0.77 + + 0.38 + 0.41 + + 1.88 + 0.99 +
11.15 15.65 26.50 24.94 82.25 43.96 32.47 29.29
+ + + + + + + +
1.11 1.67 1.41 0.75 8.18 0.24 1.07 4.83
Close
Chg
% Chg
Volume (100)
Stock (TICKER)
20 TOP GAINERS 22.68 7.57 9.77 12.76 7.01 9.19 11.32 41.32 117.91 8.40 123.41 5.91 7.01 14.90 31.61 103.10 62.84 55.04 16.93 10.42
Bank of Ameri (BAC) JC Penney (JCP) New York REI (NYRT) Ford Motor (F) Chesapeake En (CHK) EnteroMedics (ETRM) AMD (AMD) AT&T (T) Apple (AAPL) Rite Aid (RAD) Facebook (FB) Weatherford (WFT) Xerox (XRX) Freeport Mcmo (FCX) GE (GE) NVIDIA (NVDA) Microsoft (MSFT) Wells Fargo (WFC) Barrick Gold (ABX) Fiat Chrysle (FCAU)
OTHER INDEXES
American Exch Wilshire 5000 Value Line Arith Russell 2000 Phila Gold & Silver Phila Semiconductor KBW Bank Phila Oil Service
NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE
Close
20 MOST ACTIVE 0.00 0.0 ◊0.29 ◊3.7 +0.15 +1.6 ◊0.01 ◊0.1 ◊0.17 ◊2.4 +5.22 +131.5 +0.08 +0.7 ◊1.33 ◊3.1 +1.30 +1.1 +0.21 +2.6 +2.74 +2.3 +0.13 +2.2 ◊0.11 ◊1.5 +0.28 +1.9 +0.09 +0.3 +1.36 +1.3 +0.54 +0.9 ◊0.14 ◊0.3 ◊0.44 ◊2.5 +0.61 +6.2
658077 582755 533615 403007 396581 350660 344362 326698 317131 313855 285150 279216 246827 243713 219991 205618 198989 187128 178175 177896
% Chg
Close
Chg
9.64 18.05 131.88 75.17 19.17 9.35 9.56 5.71 7.68 5.64 59.85 5.83 36.59 7.95 45.15 48.85 8.08 11.84 10.53 13.07
◊1.54 ◊2.62 ◊15.48 ◊7.03 ◊1.75 ◊0.82 ◊0.83 ◊0.49 ◊0.65 ◊0.46 ◊4.80 ◊0.46 ◊2.86 ◊0.61 ◊3.30 ◊3.45 ◊0.56 ◊0.80 ◊0.71 ◊0.88
Volume (100)
20 TOP LOSERS 9.19 5.69 40.05 6.27 46.70 12.90 13.04 11.47 27.55 7.45 9.23 6.10 6.10 20.72 36.32 96.10 36.02 15.90 13.85 5.26
EnteroMedics (ETRM) Vivopower In (VVPR) Pacira Pharm (PCRX) Quotient (QTNT) Greenbrier (GBX) Stemline (STML) Fulgent Gene (FLGT) CAI Intrnl (CAI) Exterran US (EXTN) Kalvista (KALV) Gemphire (GEMP) BioAmber (BIOA) Abeona (ABEO) La Jolla Pha (LJPC) Glaukos (GKOS) Helen of Tro (HELE) Key Energy Se (KEG) FreightCar A (RAIL) Ardelyx (ARDX) Aeglea Bio (AGLE)
+5.22 +131.5 +1.29 +29.3 +5.90 +17.3 +0.88 +16.3 +6.45 +16.0 +1.55 +13.7 +1.54 +13.4 +1.17 +11.4 +2.74 +11.0 +0.73 +10.9 +0.89 +10.7 +0.50 +8.9 +0.50 +8.9 +1.59 +8.3 +2.71 +8.1 +6.85 +7.7 +2.38 +7.1 +1.05 +7.1 +0.90 +6.9 +0.32 +6.5
Tahoe Resour (TAHO) Live Venture (LIVE) ICU Medical (ICUI) Eagle Pharms (EGRX) Depomed (DEPO) Pretivm Res (PVG) Sears (SHLD) Endologix (ELGX) Genco Shippin (GNK) MaxPoint (MXPT) AZZ (AZZ) Container (TCS) Shake Shack (SHAK) Alamos Gld (AGI) Cynosure (CYNO) Red Robin Go (RRGB) Microbot Med (MBOT) Voyager (VYGR) Coeur Mining (CDE) Syros Pharms (SYRS)
350660 484 52158 5651 33911 8947 1128 1371 3278 940 295 5246 6460 2161 9405 8138 2408 3176 3523 129
◊13.8 ◊12.7 ◊10.5 ◊8.6 ◊8.4 ◊8.1 ◊8.0 ◊7.8 ◊7.8 ◊7.5 ◊7.4 ◊7.3 ◊7.2 ◊7.1 ◊6.8 ◊6.6 ◊6.5 ◊6.3 ◊6.3 ◊6.3
51859 14802 9246 5796 46886 39675 30365 27673 713 591 5890 5486 30011 42182 16144 4964 1769 1023 49908 125
S&P 100 STOCKS Stock (TICKER)
52-Week Price Range 1-Day 1-Yr YTD Low Close (•) High Close Chg %Chg % Chg
Stock (TICKER)
52-Week Price Range 1-Day 1-Yr YTD Low Close (•) High Close Chg %Chg % Chg
Stock (TICKER)
52-Week Price Range 1-Day 1-Yr YTD Low Close (•) High Close Chg %Chg % Chg
Apple (AAPL) AbbVie (ABBV) Abbott (ABT) Accenture (ACN) Allergan (AGN) AIG (AIG) Allstate (ALL) Amgen (AMGN) Amazon.com (AMZN) American E (AXP) Boeing (BA) Bank of Am (BAC) Biogen (BIIB) BONY Mello (BK) BlackRock (BLK) Bristol-My (BMY) Berkshire (BRKb) Citigroup (C) Caterpilla (CAT) Celgene (CELG) Colgate (CL) Comcast (CMCSA) Capital On (COF) ConocoPhil (COP) Costco Who (COST)
89.47 50.71 36.00 91.40 184.50 48.41 56.03 133.64 474.00 50.27 102.10 10.99 223.02 32.20 280.55 49.03 123.55 34.52 56.36 93.05 61.40 52.34 58.03 31.05 138.57
117.91 63.79 40.78 116.30 219.08 66.81 74.15 156.78 795.99 75.47 159.10 22.68 295.00 48.17 384.30 59.95 163.41 60.55 93.04 119.64 67.36 70.27 88.60 50.74 162.83
Cisco Syst (CSCO) CVS Health (CVS) Chevron (CVX) Du Pont (DD) Danaher (DHR) Walt Disne (DIS) Dow (DOW) Duke Energ (DUK) Emerson El (EMR) Exelon (EXC) Ford Motor (F) Facebook (FB) FedEx (FDX) Twenty-Fir (FOX) Twenty-Fir (FOXA) General Dy (GD) GE (GE) Gilead Sci (GILD) GM (GM) Alphabet (GOOG) Alphabet (GOOGL) Goldman Sa (GS) Halliburto (HAL) Home Depot (HD) Honeywell (HON)
22.46 69.30 75.33 50.71 75.71 86.25 40.26 70.35 41.25 26.26 11.02 89.37 119.71 22.65 22.66 121.61 27.10 70.83 26.69 663.06 672.66 138.20 27.64 109.62 93.71
30.23 82.20 116.84 73.38 80.43 108.98 57.44 77.49 56.40 36.08 12.76 123.41 190.25 28.85 29.52 177.46 31.61 75.49 35.99 806.15 825.21 244.90 56.66 133.53 118.53
IBM (IBM) Intel (INTC) Johnson&Jo (JNJ) JPMorgan (JPM) Kinder Mor (KMI) Kraft Hein (KHC) Coca- Cola (KO) Eli Lilly (LLY) Lockheed (LMT) Lowes (LOW) Mastercard (MA) McDonalds (MCD) Mondelez I (MDLZ) Medtronic (MDT) MetLife (MET) 3M (MMM) Altria Gro (MO) Monsanto (MON) Merck & Co (MRK) Morgan Sta (MS) Microsoft (MSFT) NextEra (NEE) Nike (NKE) Oracle (ORCL) Occidental (OXY)
116.90 27.68 94.28 52.50 11.20 68.18 39.88 64.18 200.47 62.62 78.52 110.33 35.88 69.35 35.00 134.64 56.15 83.73 47.97 21.16 48.04 103.03 49.01 33.13 58.24
118.69 68.12 45.79 125.72 306.06 67.08 74.95 176.85 847.21 76.55 160.07 23.39 333.65 49.54 399.46 77.12 167.25 61.63 97.40 127.00 75.38 71.32 91.64 53.17 169.59
+ 1.30 + 0.02 + 1.08 + 1.31 ◊ 1.75 + 1.21 + 0.12 + 3.80 + 15.54 + 0.15 + 0.39 0.00 + 1.43 + 0.08 + 1.76 ◊ 0.18 + 0.11 + 0.21 + 0.04 + 0.88 + 0.51 + 0.12 + 0.22 ◊ 0.19 ◊ 0.08
+ + ◊ + ◊ + + + + + + + + + + ◊ + + + + + + + + +
22.25 11.50 1.83 17.29 27.73 14.56 26.88 2.48 30.93 18.22 19.62 46.32 3.87 27.30 21.72 8.18 26.20 27.31 45.51 6.93 6.90 28.68 36.14 15.16 5.17
+ + + ◊ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
1.8 1.9 6.2 0.7 4.3 2.3 0.0 7.2 6.2 1.9 2.2 2.6 4.0 1.7 1.0 2.6 0.3 1.9 0.3 3.4 2.9 1.8 1.6 1.2 1.7
31.95 106.67 119.00 75.86 102.79 109.35 59.33 87.75 58.28 37.70 14.22 133.50 201.57 31.16 31.25 180.09 33.00 103.10 37.74 816.68 839.00 246.20 56.98 139.00 120.02
+ 0.06 + 0.78 ◊ 0.47 ◊ 0.43 + 0.42 + 1.60 ◊ 0.36 ◊ 0.26 + 0.26 + 0.58 ◊ 0.01 + 2.74 + 1.84 + 0.51 + 0.52 + 1.32 + 0.09 ◊ 0.52 ◊ 0.40 + 12.13 + 12.19 + 3.58 + 0.45 ◊ 0.37 + 1.77
+ ◊ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + ◊ + + + + + +
18.97 12.72 40.74 19.32 19.98 9.53 23.16 8.83 26.43 29.60 0.47 26.03 41.36 11.30 14.02 35.67 9.11 21.57 20.01 N.A. 11.36 48.77 72.17 6.48 20.13
+ + ◊ ◊ + + + ◊ + + + + + + + + + + +
0.0 4.2 0.7 .0 3.3 4.6 0.4 0.2 1.2 1.7 5.2 7.3 2.2 5.9 5.3 2.8 0.0 5.4 3.3 N.A. 4.1 2.3 4.8 0.4 2.3
+ + + ◊ +
169.53 36.48 116.30 86.12 21.81 86.31 41.74 75.67 257.85 70.95 107.76 120.76 45.06 72.87 54.18 178.23 68.23 108.13 60.27 43.85 62.84 118.65 53.91 38.45 71.08
169.95 38.36 126.07 87.76 23.36 90.54 47.13 84.80 269.90 83.65 108.93 131.96 46.40 89.27 58.09 182.27 70.15 114.26 65.46 44.13 64.10 131.98 65.44 42.00 78.48
+ + ◊ + + ◊ ◊ + + ◊ + + + + + + + + + + + ◊ + ◊ +
0.83 0.13 0.56 0.01 0.12 0.22 0.01 0.08 1.87 0.12 0.77 1.06 0.06 2.04 0.35 0.52 0.30 2.92 0.16 0.63 0.54 0.35 0.85 0.19 0.46
+ + + + + + + ◊ + ◊ + + + ◊ + + + + + + + + ◊ + +
27.60 14.57 17.21 42.89 53.05 20.04 0.29 7.05 20.89 1.55 17.59 4.41 8.34 2.07 27.45 26.43 17.35 15.55 15.99 51.31 20.45 13.32 9.92 9.73 10.66
+ + + ◊ + ◊ + + + ◊ + ◊ + + + ◊ + + + + + ◊ +
2.1 0.6 1.0 0.2 5.3 1.2 0.7 2.9 3.2 0.2 4.4 0.8 1.7 2.3 0.5 0.2 0.9 2.8 2.4 3.8 1.1 0.7 6.1 0.0 0.2
◊
Stock (TICKER)
52-Week Price Range 1-Day 1-Yr YTD Low Close (•) High Close Chg %Chg % Chg
Priceline (PCLN) PepsiCo (PEP) Pfizer (PFE) Procter Ga (PG) PMI (PM) PayPal Hld (PYPL) Qualcomm (QCOM) Raytheon (RTN) Starbucks (SBUX) Schlumberg (SLB) Southern C (SO) Simon Prop (SPG) AT&T (T) Target (TGT) Time Warne (TWX) Texas Inst (TXN) UnitedHeal (UNH) Union Paci (UNP) United Par (UPS) US Bancorp (USB) UTC (UTX) Visa (V) Verizon (VZ) Walgreens (WBA) WalMart (WMT) Exxon Mobi (XOM)
954 93.25 28.25 74.46 84.46 30.52 42.24 115.73 50.84 59.60 46.00 173.11 33.41 65.50 55.53 46.73 107.51 67.06 87.30 37.07 83.39 66.12 43.79 71.50 60.20 71.55
1601 110.94 37.39 90.33 104.20 44.52 71.62 152.58 61.79 87.00 54.64 229.10 43.89 84.14 97.21 75.25 164.00 106.62 120.44 52.68 112.83 83.96 56.95 88.00 75.19 95.55
1521 104.56 33.48 85.03 91.84 41.45 65.53 148.22 57.13 86.48 49.01 186.83 41.32 71.44 94.75 74.15 162.41 103.19 115.40 51.30 112.55 82.21 53.26 83.10 68.26 88.50
+ 16.87 ◊ 0.15 ◊ 0.13 ◊ 0.03 + 0.71 + 0.39 ◊ 0.02 + 0.06 + 0.67 + 1.18 ◊ 0.13 + 2.43 ◊ 1.33 ◊ 1.12 ◊ 0.34 + 1.23 + 0.23 + 1.06 + 0.23 + 0.33 + 1.20 + 1.12 ◊ 1.38 + 0.07 ◊ 0.95 ◊ 0.05
+ + + + + + + + + + + ◊ + ◊ + + + + + + + + + + + +
30.28 7.16 6.62 10.17 5.26 25.11 42.02 20.50 0.78 30.65 4.34 2.47 23.31 3.30 34.97 43.42 44.89 41.20 24.62 27.39 22.47 11.41 17.65 2.38 4.97 16.10
+ ◊ + + + + + + + + ◊ + ◊ ◊ ◊ + + ◊ + ◊ + + ◊ + ◊ ◊
3.7 0.1 3.1 1.1 0.4 5.0 0.5 4.4 2.9 3.0 0.4 5.2 2.9 1.1 1.8 1.6 1.5 0.5 0.7 0.1 2.7 5.4 0.2 0.4 1.2 2.0
– indicates stocks Prices shown are for regular trading for the New York Stock Exchange and the American Stock Exchange which runs from 9:30 a.m., Eastern time, through the close of the Pacific Exchange, at 4:30 p.m. For the Nasdaq stock market, it is through 4 p.m. Close Last trade of the day in regular trading. + · or · that reached a new 52-week high or low. Change Difference between last trade and previous day’s price in regular trading. „ or ‰ indicates stocks that rose or fell at least 4 percent. ” indicates stocks that traded 1 percent or more of their outstanding shares. n Stock was a new issue in the last year.
GOVERNMENT BONDS
FINRA TRACE CORPORATE BOND DATA Yields
52-Week Total Returns
FINRA-BLOOMBERG CORPORATE BOND INDEXES
FINRA-BLOOMBERG CORPORATE BOND INDEXES
10%
+20%
high yield +6.06%
high yield +19.83%
+10
4
0
2 0
invest. grade +3.76%
–10
2016
Yest.
All Investment High Issues Grade Yield
8 6
Yield Curve
Market Breadth
invest. grade +5.04% 2016
Total Issues Traded Advances Declines Unchanged 52 Week High 52 Week Low Dollar Volume*
7,637 3,059 4,014 156 266 167 27,726
5,443 2,004 3,189 37 79 121 18,090
Conv
2,005 953 753 106 169 42 8,833
189 102 72 13 18 4 802
End of day data. Activity as reported to FINRA TRACE. Market breadth represents activity in all TRACE eligible publicly traded securities. Shown below are the most active fixed-coupon bonds ranked by par value traded. Investment grade or high-yield is determined using credit ratings as outlined in FINRA rules. “C” – Yield is unavailable because of issue’s call criteria. *Par value in millions. Source: FINRA TRACE data. Reference information from Reuters DataScope Data. Credit ratings from Moody’s, Standard & Poor’s and Fitch.
Most Recent Issues
Key Rates
1-mo. ago
1-yr. ago
4%
10-year Treas. 2-year Treas.
5%
Prime Rate Fed Funds
Mat.
4
3
3
2
2
1
1 Maturity
0 3
6
2
5 10
Months
Date
Rate
Ask
Chg
Yield
0.53 0.61
0.51 0.60
◊ –0.01
0.53 0.62
BONDS & NOTES 2-yr. Dec 18 1ü ◊ 100.07 5-yr. Dec 21 2.000 ◊ 100.35 10-yr. Nov 26 2.000 ◊ 96.33 30-yr. Nov 46 2~ ◊ 97.39
100.08 100.36 96.34 97.41
–0.09 –0.38 –0.63 –1.25
1.17 1.85 2.35 2.94
T-BILLS 3-mo. Apr 17 6-mo. Jul 17
2016
Years
Coupon%
Issuer Name (SYMBOL)
Credit Rating Moody’s S&P
Maturity
Fitch
Price High
Low
Last
Chg
Yld%
101.357 94.390 102.838 100.043 102.775 108.929 95.827 99.837 103.011 100.496
99.422 92.208 102.671 99.507 101.176 107.375 94.540 99.553 101.016 99.558
99.633 92.224 102.682 99.551 101.176 107.838 94.689 99.733 101.077 100.142
–0.484 –1.096 –0.442 –0.492 –1.438 –1.034 –1.918 –0.035 –0.598 –0.566
N.A. 4.128 4.012 N.A. N.A. 4.414 4.008 2.174 3.507 3.779
INVESTMENT GRADE
Comcast Corp New (CMCS) Teva Pharmaceutical Fin Neth Iii B V (TEVA) Mplx Lp (MPLX) Comcast Corp New (CMCS) Barclays Plc (BCS) Anheuser-busch Inbev Fin Inc (BUD) Microsoft Corp (MSFT) Royal Bk Cda (RY) Anheuser-busch Inbev Fin Inc (BUD) Actavis Fdg Scs (ACT)
3.300 3.150 4.500 3.000 4.950 4.900 3.700 2.100 3.650 3.800
Feb’27 Oct’26 Jul’23 Feb’24 Jan’47 Feb’46 Aug’46 Oct’20 Feb’26 Mar’25
NR Baa2 Baa3 NR Baa2 A3 Aaa Aaa A3 Baa3
A– BBB BBB– A– BBB A– AAA
A– BBB BBB– A–
A– BBB
BBB AA+ AAA BBB BBB–
9.750 8.375 7.625 5.375 8.750 6.250 8.000 6.750 4.375 8.125
Feb’20 May’21 Mar’20 Jan’21 Dec’20 May’22 Nov’19 Jun’23 May’23 Apr’22
C B2 Caa1 B2 Caa1 Ca Caa1 Caa1 B2 Caa1
D B+ B– B+ CCC+ CCC CCC+ CCC+ B+ CCC+
NR BB B– BB NR NR B B– BB B–
7.220 110.450 101.236 100.850 102.500 86.875 91.395 94.000 93.500 100.000
6.900 108.953 100.500 98.400 102.250 86.250 88.000 92.250 89.325 98.200
7.140 110.100 100.500 99.400 102.250 86.375 89.000 93.750 93.500 100.000
2.140 0.100 –0.500 –0.725 0.250 –0.875 1.000 1.500 1.491 1.750
N.A. 5.725 7.161 5.542 7.443 9.581 12.718 8.011 5.603 8.120
2.625 5.875 1.000 3.250 1.750 4.000 0.250 1.000 0.500 1.500
Dec’19 Jul’21 Nov’21 Feb’19 Dec’20 Dec’20 Mar’19 Dec’19 Dec’33 Mar’19
NR NR
D B NR NR NR NR B– BB– NR NR
NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR
41.250 119.545 106.125 168.527 101.415 140.250 95.024 114.134 116.022 99.875
41.000 116.500 102.500 159.712 99.914 139.642 94.750 113.813 115.853 99.670
41.125 118.633 103.046 168.389 100.415 139.767 94.750 113.900 115.999 99.700
0.125 0.523 1.860 14.174 –2.205 –2.858 –0.200 –0.186 –0.500 0.200
37.828 1.547 0.365 –21.437 1.639 –1.627 2.796 –3.528 –7.022 1.640
HIGH YIELD
Samson Invt Co (KKR) Petrobras Global Fin B V (PBR) Clear Channel Worldwide Hldgs Inc (IHRT) Petrobras Intl Fin Co (PTRB) Apx Group Inc (BX) Fts Intl Inc (TLFO) Chs / Cmnty Health Sys Inc (CYH) Tenet Healthcare Corp (THC) Petrobras Global Fin B V (PBR) Tenet Healthcare Corp (THC)
Source: Thomson Reuters
Foreign Currency in Dollars AMERICAS Argentina (Peso) Bolivia (Boliviano) Brazil (Real) Canada (Dollar) Chile (Peso) Colombia (Peso) Dom. Rep. (Peso) El Salvador (Colon) Guatemala (Quetzal) Honduras (Lempira) Mexico (Peso) Nicaragua (Cordoba) Paraguay (Guarani) Peru (New Sol) Uruguay (New Peso) Venezuela (Bolivar) EUROPE Britain (Pound) Czech Rep (Koruna) Denmark (Krone) Europe (Euro) Hungary (Forint)
.0633 .1456 .3102 .7559 .0015 .0003 .0216 .1147 .1326 .0434 .0470 .0345 .0002 .2962 .0349 .1003
1.2281 .0390 .1417 1.0533 .0034
Dollars in Foreign Currency
15.8000 6.8700 3.2239 1.3230 667.19 2923.9 46.3300 8.7220 7.5430 23.0300 21.2670 28.9500 5805.0 3.3760 28.6300 9.9750
.8143 25.6440 7.0558 .9494 291.47
Foreign Currency in Dollars
One Dollar in Euros 1.00 euros
$1 = 0.9494
0.95 0.90 0.85 0.80 2016 Norway (Krone) Poland (Zloty) Russia (Ruble) Sweden (Krona) Switzerland (Franc) Turkey (Lira)
.1171 .2418 .0168 .1104 .9831 .2743
8.5371 4.1357 59.6176 9.0606 1.0172 3.6463
Dollars in Foreign Currency
ASIA/PACIFIC Australia (Dollar) China (Yuan) Hong Kong (Dollar) India (Rupee) Japan (Yen) Malaysia (Ringgit) New Zealand (Dollar) Pakistan (Rupee) Philippines (Peso) Singapore (Dollar) So. Korea (Won) Taiwan (Dollar) Thailand (Baht) Vietnam (Dong)
.7300 .1446 .1289 .0147 .0085 .2237 .6963 .0095 .0202 .6950 .0008 .0312 .0280 .00004
1.3699 6.9176 7.7556 68.1525 117.00 4.4710 1.4362 104.77 49.4990 1.4389 1200.8 32.0410 35.7300 22560
MIDDLE EAST/AFRICA Bahrain (Dinar) Egypt (Pound) Iran (Rial) Israel (Shekel) Jordan (Dinar) Kenya (Shilling) Kuwait (Dinar)
2.6524 .0560 .00003 .2600 1.4120 .0096 3.2758
.3770 17.8600 32371 3.8466 .7082 103.65 .3053
Cobalt Intl Energy Inc (CIE) Weatherford Intl Ltd (WFT) Isis Pharmaceuticals Inc Del (ISIS) Pacira Pharmaceuticals Inc (PCRX) Pandora Media Inc (P) Ciena Corp (CIEN) Tesla Mtrs Inc (TSLA) Nxp Semiconductors N V (NXPI) Finisar Corp (FNSR) Vipshop Hldgs Ltd (VIPS)
CONSUMER RATES
NR NR NR Ba2 NR NR
ECONOMIC INDICATORS
Yesterday
1-year range Home Mortgages
Friday
Year Ago
Federal funds Prime rate 15-yr fixed 15-yr fixed jumbo 30-yr fixed 30-yr fixed jumbo 5/1 adj. rate 5/1 adj. rate jumbo 1-year adj. rate
0.66% 3.75 3.16 4.20 3.99 4.46 3.29 3.69 3.10
0.36% 3.50 3.00 3.97 3.81 4.39 3.12 3.91 2.83
4.49% 4.43 4.17 4.14
4
5
6
7
8
9 10
5-YEAR HISTORY
Nov. ’16 Oct. ’16
+4.1% +3.3
Future Corn Soybeans Wheat Live Cattle Hogs-Lean Cocoa Coffee Sugar-World
+15%
Monetary units per Exchange quantity CBT CBT CBT CME CME NYBOT NYBOT NYBOT COMX COMX COMX NYMX NYMX NYMX
Lifetime High Low
Date
Open
Settle
Change
Open Interest
¢/bushel ¢/bushel ¢/bushel ¢/lb ¢/lb $/ton ¢/lb ¢/lb
455.00 325.00 1182.00 865.00 649.75 392.75 137.75 97.80 70.13 47.53 3337.00 2119.00 230.00 121.80 24.10 12.05
Mar Jan Mar Feb Feb Mar Mar Feb
17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17
360.75 362.50 356.75 358.00 1003.50 1003.50 985.00 986.00 425.75 428.00 421.75 423.25 114.73 115.20 113.98 114.83 65.15 65.15 63.58 63.98 2263.00 2291.00 2245.00 2261.00 143.50 144.50 142.05 142.85 20.66 20.84 20.30 20.75
◊ 3.25 ◊ 17.50 ◊ 3.00 ◊ 0.25 ◊ 0.90 ◊ 1.00 ◊ 0.90 ◊ 0.03
677,366 4,190 264,395 109,717 74,112 126,497 96,426 345,027
$/oz $/oz $/lb $/bbl $/gal $/mil.btu
1339.00 1124.70 20.93 14.50 2.74 1.98 88.00 35.10 2.71 1.09 7.79 2.49
Jan Jan Jan Feb Jan Jan
17 17 17 17 17 17
1176.50 1176.50 1172.00 1171.90 16.38 16.49 16.38 16.47 2.52 2.54 2.51 2.54 53.73 54.32 53.32 53.99 1.70 1.71 1.68 1.70 3.30 3.36 3.21 3.29
◊ ◊ + + + +
170 355 2,088 441,948 109,537 177,888
Nov. ’16 Oct. ’16 4
5
6
7
8
+5.5% +5.7
9 10
% Total Returns
+15%
0
’12
’16
Manufacturing Index
60
ISM; over 50 indicates expansion; seasonally adjusted
Dec. ’16 Nov. ’16 2
3
4
5
6
7
8
54.7 53.2
46
’12
’16
9 10
Balance of Trade
3.04% 3.29
–30
In billions of dollars Seasonally adjusted 0% 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 10
0.26% 0.24 0.35 0.62 0.78 1.64
*Credit ratings: good, FICO score 660-749; excellent, FICO score 750-850.
Nov. ’16 Oct. ’16
–45.2 –42.4
100 90
Lebanon (Pound) Saudi Arabia (Riyal) So. Africa (Rand) U.A.E (Dirham)
.0007 .2666 .0729 .2723
–55
’12
’16
Housing Supply
Prices as of 4:45 p.m. Eastern Time. Source: Thomson Reuters
High
Low
7.80 0.12 0.01 0.23 0.01 0.01
Crude Oil $55
$53.99 a barrel
50 45 40 35 ’15 2016
7
Type
YTD
1 Yr
Vanguard Short-Term Investment-Grade A(VFSUX) Vanguard Interm-Term Investment-Grde A(VFIDX) BlackRock Strategic Income Opps Instl(BSIIX) Vanguard High-Yield Corporate Adm(VWEAX) Vanguard Short-Term Bond Index Adm(VBIRX) Lord Abbett Short Duration Income F(LDLFX) American Funds American High-Inc A(AHITX) Fidelity Capital & Income(FAGIX) Vanguard Long-Term Investment-Grade Ad(VWETX) Loomis Sayles Bond Instl(LSBDX) BlackRock High Yield Bond Instl(BHYIX) PIMCO High Yield Instl(PHIYX) T. Rowe Price High Yield(PRHYX) Fidelity Strategic Income(FSICX) American Funds Interm Bd Fd of Amer A(AIBAX) DFA One-Year Fixed-Income I(DFIHX) Vanguard Short-Term Treasury Adm(VFIRX) JPMorgan High Yield Select(OHYFX) Fidelity Floating Rate High Income(FFRHX) T. Rowe Price Spectrum Income(RPSIX) Federated Instl High Yield Bond Instl(FIHBX) Fidelity Short-Term Bond(FSHBX) Eaton Vance Floating Rate I(EIBLX) Average performance for all such funds Number of funds for period
% Total Returns
Exp. Assets
5 Yr* Ratio
(mil.$)
LARGEST FUNDS
Fund Name (TICKER)
Type
YTD
1 Yr
Exp. Assets
5 Yr* Ratio
Source: Bankrate.com
4.0 4.3
3
’12
’16
(mil.$)
LEADERS CS TW NT HY CS CS HY HY TW MU HY HY HY MU CS UB GS HY BL MU HY CS BL
+0.1 +0.2 +0.4 +0.8 * +0.3 +0.9 +1.3 +0.9 +0.8 +1.0 +0.9 +0.8 +0.6 ◊0.1 * ◊0.1 +1.0 +0.3 +0.6 +1.0 * +0.3
+2.7 +3.7 +4.1 +12.1 +1.2 +4.1 +17.5 +13.2 +7.9 +10.5 +15.0 +13.7 +15.5 +9.6 +0.8 +0.7 +0.9 +14.8 +10.3 +9.1 +16.2 +1.3 +11.5
+2.3 +3.9 +4.0 +6.6 +1.2 +2.9 +5.7 +8.3 +6.0 +5.3 +7.7 +6.7 +7.2 +4.4 +1.1 +0.5 +0.6 +6.5 +3.8 +4.6 +7.5 +1.2 +4.5
+0.4 583
+7.8 583
+3.9 570
0.10 0.10 0.61 0.13 0.08 0.25 0.71 0.74 0.11 0.66 0.60 0.55 0.75 0.71 0.61 0.17 0.10 0.79 0.71 * 0.49 0.45 0.82
38,151 24,862 17,975 17,008 15,334 12,896 11,775 10,531 10,275 9,430 9,201 8,741 7,709 7,448 7,125 6,946 6,801 6,644 6,537 6,259 5,649 5,525 5,280
Fairholme Focused Income(FOCIX) Nuveen High Income Bond I(FJSYX) Loomis Sayles Instl High Income(LSHIX) Franklin High Income A(FHAIX) USAA High Income(USHYX) Northeast Investors Trust(NTHEX) Ivy High Income I(IVHIX) JHFunds2 High Yield 1(JIHDX) Waddell & Reed High-Income Y(WYHIX) RidgeWorth Seix High Income I(STHTX) SEI High Yield Bond A (SIMT)(SHYAX) Lord Abbett High Yield I(LAHYX)
HY HY HY HY HY HY HY HY HY HY HY HY
+0.4 +1.0 +1.1 +1.5 +1.0 +0.8 +0.9 +0.9 +1.0 +0.7 +0.9 +1.0
+33.7 +23.3 +21.3 +21.2 +19.2 +18.8 +18.7 +18.5 +18.4 +18.4 +18.2 +17.6
+11.2 +6.7 +8.8 +5.8 +7.2 +3.2 +7.5 +6.6 +8.1 +6.9 +7.1 +8.7
1.00 0.78 0.68 0.77 0.82 1.31 0.72 0.78 0.74 0.80 0.91 0.36
243 225 734 2,776 1,143 368 1,577 346 766 535 1,441 1,735
LAGGARDS GMO Asset Allocation Bond III(GMOBX) Eaton Vance Government Obligations C(ECGOX) Wells Fargo Adjustable Rate Govt C(ESACX) Franklin Adjustable US Govt Secs C(FCSCX) Victory INCORE Fund for Income C(VFFCX) Nuveen Intermediate Government Bond I(FYGYX) Oppenheimer Limited-Term Government C(OLTCX) Dreyfus Ultra Short Income Z(DSIGX) Federated US Govt 2-5 Yr Svc(FIGIX) JPMorgan Short Duration Bond C(OSTCX) BNY Mellon Short-Term US Govt Secs M(MPSUX) Trust For Credit Unions U-S Dur Gov In(TCUUX)
MU GS UB GS GS CS GS UB GS CS GS UB
+0.4 * * * +0.1 * +0.3 * ◊0.1 * * *
◊0.5 ◊0.4 ◊0.4 ◊0.3 ◊0.2 ◊0.1 ◊0.1 +0.2 +0.2 +0.2 +0.3 +0.3
+0.3 * ◊0.2 ◊0.1 +0.3 +0.9 +0.1 * ◊0.1 * +0.1 +0.2
0.40 1.95 1.49 1.32 1.69 0.60 1.60 0.45 0.81 1.30 0.55 0.41
393 87 90 260 68 59 157 78 50 94 247 371
*Annualized. Leaders and Laggards are among funds with at least $50 million in assets, and include no more than one class of any fund. Today’s fund types: BL-Bank Loan. CS-Short-Term Bond. GS-Short Government. HY-High Yield Bond. MU-Multisector Bond. NT-Nontraditional Bond. RR-Preferred Stock. TW-Corporate Bond. UB-Ultrashort Bond. XP-Emerging-Markets LocalSource: Morningstar Currency Bond. XS-Long-Short Credit. XT-Prime Money Market. NA-Not Available. YTD-Year to date. Spotlight tables rotate on a 2-week basis.
In months
Nov. ’16 Oct. ’16
1505.5 3.7506 13.7255 3.6729
MUTUAL FUNDS SPOTLIGHT: SPECIALTY AND SHORT-TERM BONDS ’16
Percent of disposable income
3
110
0
’12
Personal Savings Rate
2
120
Key to exchanges: CBT-Chicago Board of Trade. CME-Chicago Mercantile Exchange. CMX-Comex division of NYM. KC-Kansas City Board of Trade. NYBOT-New York Board of Trade. NYM-New York Mercantile Exchange. Open interest is the number of contracts outstanding. Source: Thomson Reuters
Fund Name (TICKER)
4.56% 4.06 4.13 4.11
CD’s and Money Market Rates 0.28% 0.28 0.35 0.59 0.77 1.37
3
Change from previous year
0% 1
3.21% 3.03
2
Construction Spending
0% 1
Auto Loan Rates
Money-market $10K min. money-mkt 6-month CD 1-year CD 2-year CD 5-year IRA CD
0% 1
$1 = 117.00
FUTURES
Gold Silver Hi Grade Copper Light Sweet Crude Heating Oil Natural Gas
Change from last week Up Flat Down
One Dollar in Yen 130 yen
2016
CONVERTIBLES
36-mo. used car 60-mo. new car
100.73 –0.29 -0.09 97.13 –0.53 0.39 121.36 –0.71 0.61 101.96 –1.34 0.88 Source: Thomson Reuters
FOREIGN EXCHANGE
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Home Equity $75K line good credit* $75K line excel. credit* $75K loan good credit* $75K loan excel. credit*
◊ ◊ ◊ ◊
TREASURY INFLATION BONDS [ ◊ 100.65 5-yr. Apr 21 [ ◊ 97.02 10-yr. Jul 26 2ø ◊ 121.17 20-yr. Jan 29 1.000 ◊ 101.66 30-yr. Feb 46
0 30
Bid
ONLINE: MORE PRICES AND ANALYSIS
Information on all United States stocks, plus bonds, mutual funds, commodities and foreign stocks along with analysis of industry sectors and stock indexes: nytimes.com/markets
B8
THE NEW YORK TIMES OBITUARIES SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 2017
N
Jeremy Stone, Expert in Arms Control, Dies at 81 By RICHARD SANDOMIR
Jeremy J. Stone, a mathematician whose ideas about minimizing the possibility of a nuclear catastrophe influenced arms-control negotiators in the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War, died on Sunday at his home in Carlsbad, Calif. He was 81. The cause was heart failure, said Steven Aftergood, his executor and a former colleague at the Federation of American Scientists. Mr. Stone’s focus on arms reduction began in 1963 with what he called “an electric thought”: If the Soviets could be persuaded not to build a missile defense system, then perhaps the United States could be persuaded not to build one of its own. “Both sides would then avoid the waste of expensive, ineffective systems that would, still worse, accelerate each side’s interest in buying offsetting offensive missile systems,” Mr. Stone wrote in “Every Man Should Try” (1999), one of his two autobiographies. It was a counterintuitive argument: that national missile defenses could encourage both sides to build more offensive weapons. But it was central to the 1972 Antiballistic Missile Treaty, which limited the number, type and
Deaths BOWES–William K., Jr.,
a native San Franciscan, venture capitalist and philanthropist, loving husband and loyal friend, died of cardiac arrest at home on December 28, 2016. He was 90 years old. Born on July 5, 1926, Bill was the eldest son of William Bowes of Chicago and Ruth Garland Bowes of Santa Barbara. John Garland Bowes, his younger brother, died in 2005. Bill is survived by his wife, Ute Conchita Bowes, inlaws Doris and Peter Luemkemann; John Bowes' widow Frances Fay Bowes; and nieces Alexandra, Diana and Elena. We may never find a more decent, principled and caring human being than William K. Bowes, Jr.
HARRIS–Donald F., residing on West 72nd Street passed away on January 3, 2017. Graduating at Penn State University, Class of 1948, he worked as a Petroleum Engineer in management, held positions for Standard Oil of California, Gulf Oil (Chevron) and Kuwait Petroleum. He lived in Chile, Panama, Japan, Hong Kong, Singapore and New York City. In retirement he was involved in the Grand Destiny Campaign at Penn State and helped broaden educational opportunities for undergraduate and faculty in the College of Earth and Mineral Science. In New York City in retirement he was a volunteer at Carnegie Hall, the Metropolitan Opera and the Institute of International Education. Mr. Harris has a vast number of friends worldwide who mourn his loss.
HIRSCH–Howard, 75, of Boca Raton passed away January 3, 2017. Howard was a respected colleague, friend and Past President of the New York Electrical Contractors Association, Inc. (NYECA). The Officers, Executive Committee and Members of NYECA extend their deepest sympathy to his beloved wife Gloria of 54 years, sons Scott (Erica) Hirsch and Todd (Michele) Hirsch, grandchildren Brett, Stella, Alec, Samuel, Zoe, Matthew, and Zachary, and brothers Martin (Madeline) Hirsch and Steven Hirsch.
HIRSCH–Howard. We will always miss you and always love you. Doreen and David Hurwitz
placement of missiles that the United States and the Soviet Union could deploy to shoot down attacking nuclear missiles. Mr. Stone was not the only policy expert, in or out of the government, who thought that way. But Matthew Evangelista, the author of “Unarmed Forces: The Transnational Movement to End the Cold War” (2002), and other armscontrol historians said that Mr. Stone made an important contribution: the regular trips he took to the Soviet Union to cajole scientists and foreign-policy experts about the wisdom of limiting missile defense systems. His wife, Betty Jane Yannet, also a mathematician (better known as B. J. Stone), learned Russian to help him on his missions. “He was one of the leading figures in arms control,” Mr. Evangelista said. “It took a while for the Soviet side to appreciate the arguments, and he was involved in contacts with Soviet scientists over many years to persuade them. He changed a lot of minds.” By 1966, Mr. Evangelista said, some Soviet scientists who were involved in military research and were close to Soviet leaders like Prime Minister Aleksei N. Kosygin were calling an American plan to limit missile defenses “Jeremy Stone’s proposal.”
Deaths KAPLAN–Herbert. Business leader and philanthropist Herbert M. Kaplan died in his sleep January 2 at his Providence home. The former chairman, CEO and president of Warren Equities, Inc. and president of The Warren Alpert Foundation was 81. His daughter Bevin Kaplan Reifer remembered him as a man with tireless dedication to both his work and his loved ones. He would not miss work for a vacation, but he would miss work to help me study for every history exam, she said. He valued loyalty and compassion above all else. There was never a sick person he did not visit in a hospital. There was never a Shiva call or wake he didn't make. In business, Kaplan worked alongside his uncle Warren Alpert, who founded Warren Equities, a petroleum and convenience store business. Together, they grew the business, including its signature brand, Xtra - mart, which had achieved annual sales of more than $1 billion by the time of the death of Warren Alpert in 2007. Kaplan served as president and CEO from 1993 to 2006. From 2007 to 2012, he served as chairman and CEO and from 2012 until the sale of the company in 2015 to Global Partners LP, he remained chairman. Reifer spoke with pride about his relationship with employees: he was noted for his unusual kindness to employees and engendering loyalty from them. He was brilliant in business, but always humble. People on the outside often remarked that they had never seen the same degree of loyalty from one's employees, that it was almost unheard of. Once people came, they stayed, it was family. As Kaplan worked on building the business and its mix of commercial and retail brands, he also contributed countless hours to advancing the philanthropic passion of the family, medical research. The Warren Alpert Foundation annually awards a 500,000 dollar prize for outstanding research that has honored some of the most influential and important figures in the field. In 2007, the foundation made the naming gift of the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and in 2016 pledged an additional 27 million dollars to the school. The Foundation has also made major gifts to Harvard Medical School, which awards the annual prize of the foundation. Kaplan served on the Medical School Committee of the Corporation of Brown University and was a member of the Board of Fellows of the Harvard Medical School. He was a founding member of the Noble Deeds Society of the Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City and served as an honorary trustee of the Brookings Institute. The naming gift of the foundation to Brown medical school was instrumental in the school opening its new building in 2011. At a dedication ceremony in October of that year, Providence Mayor Angel Taveras declared October 21, Herbert Kaplan Day, and gave him a key to the city. Brown also awarded Kaplan an honorary doctoral degree in 2011, for his dedicated work to improve health care and academic medicine. Born March 24, 1935, and raised in Newton, MA, by his parents Benjamin and Mary (Alpert) Kaplan, Kaplan was a longtime resident of Manhattan before making his final home in Providence. Kaplan graduated from Vermont Academy. He then earned his bachelor degree at Hobart College, and earned his M.B.A. from Babson College. He is survived by his wife, Alida (McFadden) Kaplan, daughter Bevin Kaplan Reifer, sonin-law Daniel Reifer and a grandson, William. Funeral services will be held Sunday, January 8th at 2pm in the Chapel in Sharon Memorial Park, 40 Dedham St., Sharon, MA. In lieu of flowers, contributions in his memory may be made to: The Harvard Medical School (HMS) Diabetes Research Fund. Gifts may be sent to HMS Office of Resource Development, 401 Park Drive, Suite 22 West, Boston, MA 02215. Attention: Susan Carr. Shiva will be held at the home of Mr. and Mrs. David Hirsch, Sunday 4-7pm, in Providence. For information and condolences, www.SugarmanSinai.com.
Morton Halperin, who served three White House administrations in national security and diplomatic positions, said in an interview that Mr. Stone “understood what many advocates don’t: that if you want to influence governments, you have to give them an idea for what they can actually do rather than lecture them about peace or arms control.” During the debate over the Strategic Defense Initiative, or Star Wars, the space-based missile defense system pushed by President Ronald Reagan, Mr. Stone told a meeting of Soviet scientists in 1985 in Moscow that disarmament was the best response to the White House plan. “You people are saying that if we go ahead with Star Wars, there can be no disarmament,” Mr. Stone is quoted as saying in “The Master of the Game” (1988), a biography of the nuclear-arms negotiator Paul H. Nitze written by Strobe Talbott. “I agree, but you should turn it around. You should see that if both sides go ahead with disarmament, there can be no Star Wars.” Mr. Talbott, a former deputy secretary of state under President Bill Clinton who is now president of the Brookings Institution, said in an interview that Mr. Stone “understood the technology and theo-
Kaplan, Herbert
Harris, Donald
Kiriacon, Arthur
Hirsch, Howard
Spencer, John
SPENCER–John, died on December 30, 2016. Born on February 3, 1930, he was the son of the late Theodore Spencer, Boylston Professor of Rhetoric at Harvard University, and of the late Anna Morris Murray of Clarens, Switzerland and Shelburne, Vermont. John Spencer graduated from Portsmouth Abby School, Phillips Academy, and from Princeton University where he served as President of the Ivy Club. He received an M.A. and Ph.D from Columbia University and an honorary Litt. D from Clark Atlanta University. After Princeton, he served in the U.S. Marine Corps as an Infantry Platoon leader in Korea and California, and then worked for the National Sugar Refining Company in New York and New Orleans. In the late 1950's, he became interested in the emerging countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. This led to a change of career with the receipt of a Fellowship from the Institute for Current World Affairs that took him to East Africa for two years and then to the Ford Foundation as a Program Officer in its Middle East and Africa Division. He subsequently was an evaluator for Peace Corps programs in Gambia, Mauritania and Senegal before starting graduate work and spending another two years doing research in Kenya. For 24 years after that he was at Middlebury College where he was Professor of African History, Kenan Professor, Chairman of the History Department, and Dean of the College. The Spencer Professorship of African Studies was created in his name. After his retirement, he served two five year terms as a Middlebury College Trustee. He published many articles and two books, one of which, The Kenya African Union, the American Historical Review noted will remain the standard account of early nationalistic politics in Kenya for some time. His activities beyond Middlebury included serving as: Vice President of the Andover Alumni Council and the Rockefeller Family Fund, a Trustee of the Africa America Institute, African Medical Research Foundation, Atlanta University, the Institute of Current World of Affairs (as well as Chairman) the JDR 3rd Fund, the University of Cape Town Fund, the Vermont Academy of Arts and Sciences Fund and the Victorinox Swiss Army Foundation. He was also a Director of the Porter Medical Center in Middlebury, and of Swiss Army Brands Inc, and a member of the Museum of Modern Art Photography Committee and the Council on Foreign Relations. He is survived by Natalie, his wife of 46 years (he never stopped saying that marriage to her was the best thing that ever happened to him) by his sons David and Theodore, daughter Natalie (Pixie), two step children Cassandra and John Cushing, and seven grandchildren. A memorial service will be held in Manhattan in May.
Jeremy J. Stone in an undated photograph. “He changed a lot of minds,” a writer said of his approach to treaties. of Civil Defense, which had paid for the study, he was asked if he thought the plan would work. “Thanks so much for asking,” he recalled replying. “No, I don’t think it would work at all!” In 1970, he took over the Federation of American Scientists, which was formed by some of the scientists who had built the first atomic bomb and who were dedicated to reducing nuclear dangers. Mr. Stone used a monthly newsletter to turn the federation into a policy research organization that studied issues like nuclear proliferation, energy and government secrecy. It also became a platform for Mr. Stone’s views on arms control and the value of scientific ex-
By CEYLAN YEGINSU
Zion, Martin
KIRIACON–Arthur J. died on December 23, 2016 in Palm Beach Gardens, FL with his beloved wife of 49 years, Dolores, at his side. Born in New York City. Fordham Prep Graduate, USN 43-46 South Pacific in WWII. Iona College B.B.A., NYU M.B.A. President and CEO Carter Wallace, Inc. E.V.P. States Marine Corp. Treasurer Trustee ICP, Trustee Blanchard Mutual Funds.
JEREMY J. STONE, VIMEO, VIA THE FEDERATION OF AMERICAN SCIENTISTS
changes with the Soviet Union and China, and for his defense of the dissident Soviet physicist Andrei D. Sakharov. Mr. Stone left the organization in 2000 and formed his own firm, Catalytic Diplomacy, to try to privately resolve conflicts in countries like Cambodia, Kosovo and Peru. Mr. Stone is survived by a sister, Celia Gilbert, and a brother, Christopher Stone. His wife died last year. They had no children. Mr. Stone never wanted to be a journalist like his father, whose views twice jeopardized the son’s security clearance. But Jeremy Stone, like his father, was a gadfly, and in recent years he helped to perpetuate his father’s memory by establishing an I. F. Stone website and helping to raise money for a documentary about him. “With a free press,” Mr. Stone wrote recently, repeating what his father had told him, “if the government does something wrong, it will become known and the government can fix it. But if something goes wrong with a free press, the country will go straight to hell.”
Jill Saward, 51, Advocate for Rape Victims
Deaths Bowes, William
logy of nuclear war.” Jeremy Judah Stone was born on Nov. 23, 1935, in Manhattan. His father was I. F. Stone, the radical journalist who published the muckraking newsletter I. F. Stone’s Weekly. His mother, Esther, ran the newsletter’s administrative operations. After attending the Bronx High School of Science, Mr. Stone attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for one year before transferring to Swarthmore College, from which he graduated. He met Ms. Yannet while they were students there. In 1960, he received a Ph.D. in mathematics from Stanford University. After working at the National Bureau of Standards, the RAND Corporation and the Stanford Research Institute, he joined the Hudson Institute, which was run by the physicist Herman Kahn, a leading thinker on nuclear strategies. Mr. Kahn assigned Mr. Stone to study the hypothetical evacuation of American cities if a Soviet invasion of Western Europe were to be met with an American first strike, leaving a retaliatory strike by Moscow inevitable. In his report, Mr. Stone concluded that it would take three days to evacuate cities in the Northeast by car and rail. When he briefed the federal Office
A mathematician who proposed limits for defensive weapons.
ZION–Dr. and Rabbi Martin J., 'Poppy', died on January 5, 2017 at 96 in Palm Beach, FL. Loving husband of Jane, devoted father of Barbara Zion-Green and the late Charles (Chuck) Zion, lost on 9/11; adored grandfather of Rachel (husband John), Michael (wife Susan) and Zachary (wife Emily); cherished great-grandfather of Alexandra, Jaclyn, Jacob, Charlotte and Kyle. A true visionary, he dedicated his life to the rabbinate, and to building a foundation for the future of Reform Judaism. He began his career at Temple Beth-El, Great Neck, NY; served as Rabbi at Temple Emanuel, Davenport, IA (1952-1963); and as Senior Rabbi, Temple Israel City of New York for nearly 30 years (1963-1991), where he led the congregation through the structural and spiritual development of its first and prominent current home at 112 East 75th St. An inspiring educator, compelling preacher and compassionate counselor, he demonstrated the deepest commitment to his congregants throughout his career. He lived his life to humanity's highest ideals, with exemplary determination, unfaltering love for his family, and with awe and adoration for his beloved Jane. He will be forever be loved, honored, and deeply missed. May his memory be a blessing, and an inspiration to work towards a better world, full of compassion, tolerance, love and peace. Private services. ZION–Rabbi Martin J., The Officers and Employees of Riverside Memorial Chapel mourn the passing of a true Tzadik, a righteous Jew. To his wife, Jane and his entire family, we extend our sincere condolences. Charles S. Salomon, Pres. David A. Alpert, Sr Vice Pres.
ZION–Rabbi Martin J. The Officers, Board, Clergy and Staff join with the members of Temple Israel of the City of New York, present and past, to mourn the passing of our esteemed Rabbi Emeritus Martin Zion who served our congregation with distinction, 1963-1991. We extend our heartfelt sympathy to his wife Jane and their bereaved family. Andrew Hoffman, President David J. Gelfand, Rabbi
In Memoriam SPOKOJNY–Dr. Artur M. May 10, 1955-January 7, 2014. Dearest Artur, on this, your 3rd Anniversary, we miss you more than ever. Yartzeit 2/2/2017
LONDON — Jill Saward, a British rape victim who waived her right to anonymity and called on other victims of sexual assault to come forward about their ordeal, died on Thursday in Wolverhampton, England. She was 51. The cause was a subarachnoid hemorrhage, her family said in a statement. Ms. Saward was 21 when members of an armed gang broke into the West London vicarage used by her father, an Anglican priest, and her family. Attackers dragged her upstairs and repeatedly raped her, while another man burglarized the house. Her father and her boyfriend were severely beaten. Although the rapists were convicted, the case drew criticism after they received substantially shorter prison sentences than the man who had carried out the burglary. John Leonard, the judge who sentenced the men, was quoted as saying that the rapists should be shown leniency because “the trauma suffered by the victim was not so great,” according to news accounts at the time. He later expressed regret for the comment. There was also public criticism of the way the news media covered the trial, publishing details that allowed Ms. Saward to be identified easily. Ms. Saward’s case led to changes in attitudes toward rape victims and important legal overhauls in Britain. Victims of sexual assault were given the right to appeal lenient sentences given to their attackers, and the news media was blocked from identifying a rape victim before a defendant was charged. In 1990, Ms. Saward became the
REX FEATURES, VIA ASSOCIATED PRESS
Jill Saward in Litchfield, England, in 2006. She was the first Briton to waive her right to anonymity as a victim of rape. first person in Britain to waive her right to anonymity as a victim of rape. With Wendy Green, she wrote a book, “Rape: My Story,” in which she spoke openly about her
A survivor who helped to change attitudes and the law. trauma, how it had led to suicidal thoughts and how she had overcome them. “I believe forgiveness gives you freedom,” she wrote. “Freedom to move on without being held back by the past.” Ms. Saward went on to give training to judges and police offi-
cers on how to treat rape victims. In 2013, new guidelines were published on how sex offenders in England and Wales would be punished, placing greater emphasis on treatment of victims, which had been a crucial part of Ms. Saward’s campaign. Reacting to the news, Justin Welby, the archbishop of Canterbury, called Ms. Saward a “heroic and remarkable campaigner for the victims of rape.” She was born in Liverpool, England, on Jan. 14, 1965. She is survived by her husband, Gavin Drake; three sons; and a brother, Joe. Ms. Saward wanted to be an organ donor after death, her family said, adding, “It gives us great comfort to know that our wonderful wife, mother and sister was able to help other people to the very end.”
2 THEATER
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A new look for the Helen Hayes. BY MICHAEL PAULSON
A dreamy escape from a provincial life for ‘Lula del Ray.’ BY BEN BRANTLEY
3 ARTS, BRIEFLY
To the president, a letter from the rapper T.I. BY JOHN ELIGON
NEWS
SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 2017
CRITICISM
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TYRUS WONG FAMILY, DISNEY
How ‘Bambi’ Got Its Look Toiling on Watercolors Mr. Wong is most renowned for his essential contribution to Walt Disney’s 1942 animated classic, “Bambi.” While he worked a drudge’s job at the Disney animation studio during the day, he spent nights painting hundreds of watercolors to show his own vision of the film’s look. Mr. Wong’s style emphasized the film’s animal characters in the foreground, evoking the lush surrounding forest with minimal brushwork, gentle washes and slashes of color. It was a departure for Disney, which had earned heaps of praise for lavishly detailed backgrounds in films like “Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs,” which earned an honorary Academy Award for its innovations. Mr. Wong’s work was stark, detailing just
The underappreciated Chinese-American artist Tyrus Wong drew inspiration for his imagery from the Song dynasty. By DANIEL McDERMON
The Chinese-American artist Tyrus Wong, who died last week at 106, was a strikingly accomplished painter, illustrator, calligrapher and Hollywood studio artist. But as Margalit Fox wrote in her obituary for Mr. Wong, “because of the marginalization to which Asian-Americans were long subject, he passed much of his career unknown to the general public.”
WALT DISNEY PRODUCTIONS
A Surprise German Export: Humor How Maren Ade’s film ‘Toni Erdmann’ became an unexpected hit comedy.
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A WORD WITH
KIERA DUFFY
On Being a Doomed Heroine The soprano discusses her star turn in the opera version of ‘Breaking the Waves.’
By RACHEL DONADIO PARIS — The German director Maren Ade’s
breakout film, “Toni Erdmann,” has won over audiences and racked up awards across Europe. An uncharacterizable father-daughter story that’s also about neoliberal economic reforms in Romania and the clash between the generation of 1968 and its capitalist children, the film is exceptional for another reason: It’s hilarious. Germany has generally not been known for exporting comedies — and, to outsiders, has a perhaps undeserved reputation for humorlessness — but “Toni Erdmann,” which has been sold around the world, upends that. “I said to my producer, ‘I’m sorry, this will not be a comedy, this will be a very long and sad film,’” Ms. Ade said in a recent interview. “But we were very happy that the comic aspect came out while editing.” The film, which opened recently in New York, has been loved by critics since its de-
Above, one of Tyrus Wong’s visual development works for the 1942 animated classic “Bambi” and left, a scene from the film.
By ZACHARY WOOLFE
SONY PICTURES CLASSICS
but at the Cannes Film Festival in May. It won no prizes there but recently made the shortlist for the foreign-language Academy Award, has been nominated for a Golden Globe, and won every top prize at the European Film Awards. (The New York Times’s chief film critics, A. O. Scott and Manohla Dargis, included it in their year’s best lists.) It tells the story of Ines (Sandra Hüller), a stressed-out, workaholic German manageCONTINUED ON PAGE C5
Above, Peter Simonischek in “Toni Erdmann,” a film about a whimsical father and his stressed, workaholic daughter.
Bess McNeill doesn’t have it easy. Following her husband’s orders after he is paralyzed in an accident, Bess, the innocent, trusting victim of “Breaking the Waves” — the 1996 Lars von Trier film, now an opera by the composer Missy Mazzoli and the librettist Royce Vavrek — starts having sex with other men. But she lives in a close-knit, deeply religious community in rural Scotland; humiliation, violence and a tragic demise follow. Played in the film by a wide-eyed Emily Watson, Bess is a sometimes baffling, altogether unforgettable heroine. With the character now swooping through the soprano range and still demanding various states of undress, Kiera Duffy’s star turn CONTINUED ON PAGE C6
Kiera Duffy
RYAN PFLUGER FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
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Putting Big Ideas Into a Tiny House on Broadway The nonprofit Second Stage is giving new life to the Helen Hayes Theater.
The architect and designer David Rockwell, holding a tablet and showing what the finished space will look like at the Helen Hayes Theater. Below left, a rendering of the new design. The theater was built in 1912 and had become shabby and outdated.
By MICHAEL PAULSON
The Helen Hayes is an unusual Broadway theater. Built in 1912 as the Little Theater, it is the smallest of today’s 41 Broadway houses, with just under 600 seats. (It had only 299 before a balcony was added.) And, among a collection of theaters that are mostly in the Beaux-Arts and classical styles, it is the rare Times Square playhouse in the neo-Colonial design. Now, Second Stage Theater, a nonprofit organization that has been presenting plays Off Broadway for nearly four decades, is in the midst of a top-to-bottom renovation of the building, which it purchased in 2015 and intends to use to present new Broadway plays and musicals. In the process, the theater company, which focuses on work by living American writers, is trying to figure out how best to use interior design to signal the organization’s decidedly contemporary bent in a decidedly noncontemporary building. “We want it to look as modern as possible, but we have to honor the landmark element of it,” said Casey Reitz, the executive director of Second Stage. The project’s architect, David Rockwell, believes he has found a solution: He is planning to cover the theater’s interior with a newfangled tribute to a set of tapestry reproductions that once adorned the walls. The original artworks, chosen by the building’s first owner, the theater director and producer Winthrop Ames, were fabric installations intended to look like tapestries by François Boucher; the new artwork recollects them, but in a novel fashion. “We said, since so much visual information now is digital, let’s create a kind of pixelated approach,” said Mr. Rockwell, a prolific Broadway set designer who won a Tony Award last year for a revival of the musical “She Loves Me.” For the walls of the Helen Hayes, Mr. Rockwell chose to pay tribute to the image that seemed most theatrical — the one depicting Bacchus and Ariadne. He is planning to cover the sides of the theater with the image, created entirely out of circles stenciled onto shaded blue walls that get darker as they near the stage. “Up close it will be abstract, like an abstract painting, but as you move away and look across the theater, it all of a sudden appears,” said Bill Mensching, the creative director of EverGreene Architectural Arts, the company that is executing the design.
“It pulls all these layers of history of that theater together in a really cool way.” The wall paintings are a decorative highlight of the long effort by Second Stage to win control of the Helen Hayes and begin presenting work on Broadway. The theater organization announced its plans to purchase and renovate the building in 2008; the purchase was delayed, first by the unexpectedly long run of “Rock of Ages,” and then by litigation. Second Stage settled the litigation as it completed the purchase and says it is planning to begin presenting shows in the theater in the spring of 2018. The project is costly — Second Stage says it has budgeted $64 million to finance the purchase, renovation and operation of the building, and has raised 75 percent of that so far. Most of the money is coming from tra-
‘We want it to look as modern as possible, but we have to honor the landmark element of it.’
CAITLIN OCHS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
ditional fund-raising, but the organization has also benefited from transferring an alley next to the theater to the Jujamcyn organization, which owns the neighboring St. James Theater. That theater will next be used as the future home of Disney’s musical adaptation of “Frozen,” which is also expected in the spring of 2018. “We made a deal with Jujamcyn that was beneficial to both parties,” Mr. Reitz said. He declined to specify details. Second Stage is still hoping to sell naming rights to the building, which is one of six Broadway houses operated by a nonprofit theater company. In addition to its work on Broadway, Second Stage plans to continue presenting plays and musicals Off Broadway at its theaters on 43rd and 76th streets. The redesign will be extensive, as the building had become fairly shabby and outdated. There will be twice the number of dressing rooms, a new rigging system above the stage and a room for readings or donor meetings. The facade over the building’s annex will be extended. There will be contemporary lobby and bar spaces, and, as is now de rigueur for theater renovation projects, expanded bathrooms.
ROCKWELL GROUP
“‘Lion’ is a beautifully understated and intimate story about how cultur al identities shape us in an ever globalizing world.
Luke Davies brilliantly challenges us to experience Saroo’s story through the innocence of a young boy whose every devastating loss comes with an equally incisive discovery.” – REZA ASLAN
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Arts, Briefly N E W S F R O M T H E C U LT U R A L W O R L D
City.” The musical — about a parttime bartender and singer named Tully who thinks he has life figured out until a tourist steals his heart — is being written by two veterans of the TV series “My Name Is Earl”: its creator, Greg Garcia, and the comic actor Mike O’Malley. Christopher Ashley, who is directing the new Broadway musical “Come From Away,” will direct. He was a Tony nominee for his direction of “Memphis” and “The Rocky Horror Show.” Mr. Buffett’s previous foray into musical theater, a collaboration in the 1990s with the writer Herman Wouk called “Don’t Stop the Carnival,” was critically and commercially unsuccessful and never arrived on Broadway.
T. I. Writes Letters To Obama and Trump The rapper and actor Tip Harris, better known as T. I., has never hesitated to speak his mind or wade into controversy. But even by his standards, T. I. (right) has had something of an awakening in the past year, which has culminated in a planned series of open letters to President Obama, Presidentelect Donald J. Trump and America as a whole. Pained by the high-profile killings of African-Americans at the hands of the police, Mr. Harris began to think about taking action. The tipping point may have come last summer when, within a day of each other, Philando Castile and Alton Sterling were fatally shot by police officers. “Just time after time of different senseless acts that continued to go unanswered with no accountability being taken — those are the things that kind of woke me up on the inside,” he said in an interview, “and urged me to use my platform for, if nothing else, to spread awareness, to speak out against it.” In the first of the letters, released on Friday and addressed to Mr. Obama, he reflected on the president’s impact. “For years you fought to keep this nation from the very thing we have now become,” he wrote. “For years, many of us failed you because, as I’ve said before, we were not all ready for the change you wanted to bring about.” Later, he wrote: “As I reflect back on my teenage years when I heard my favorite rapper and person, Tupac Shakur, tell me we weren’t ready for a black president, leaving me in nodding in agreement until you brought us the audacity of hope and reminded us that yes we can.” His letters to Mr. Trump and to America are expected to be released on the next two Fridays. Mr. Harris said he began writing them even though he did not know how to be an activist. He met with several activists, including Harry Belafonte and the
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‘BREAKING THE WAVES’
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Princess Diana Letters Sold at an Auction PARAS GRIFFIN/GETTY IMAGES
Nation of Islam leader Louis Farrakhan, to ask for advice. “The main thing is educating ourselves on the issues and just remaining aware,” Mr. Harris said of the lessons he took away from those meetings. In addition to speaking on panels, marching in protests and sharing political views on latenight talk shows, Mr. Harris released an EP, “Us or Else,” followed by a full album, “Us or Else: Letter to the System.” On the record, he raps bluntly about police harassment. In the video to his song “War Zone,” he reenacts the killings of Tamir Rice, Eric Garner and Mr. Castile, but flips the script, with the officers played by black actors and the victims by white actors.
Buffett’s musical featuring new songs and past hits, is scheduled to open on Broadway in spring 2018, its producers announced on Friday. The play will come to New York after its previously announced premiere in May at the La Jolla Playhouse in California, followed by engagements in New Orleans, Houston and Chi-
cago. “We’ll set sail from California on a pre-Broadway national tour stopping first in the city that gave me my start — New Orleans,” Mr. Buffett (below) said in a statement. “Then to some of my other favorites,” he added, “before arriving at that port of all ports, Broadway and New York
JOHN ELIGON
‘Margaritaville’ Musical Is Broadway Bound Jimmy Buffett’s tropical paradise is coming to Broadway — but not before going on tour. “Escape to Margaritaville,” Mr.
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Letters from Princess Diana to a man once entrusted with the care of her family have sold for 15,100 pounds (about $18,500) in an auction in Britain. The letters, from the 1980s and 1990s, were written to Cyril Dickman, who served as chief steward at Buckingham Palace for more than 50 years and was long a palace favorite. They reveal Diana’s warmth as she fills him in on family matters, particularly the goings-on of Prince Harry and Prince William. Mr. Dickman’s family put the letters, part of his estate, up for sale in an auction handled by Cheffins, a Cambridgeshire auction house. In one, from 1984, Princess Diana wrote, “William adores his little brother and spends the entire time swamping him with an endless supply of hugs and kisses, hardly letting the parents near.” Another, sent in 1992, said the boys were “well enjoying boarding school” but added that Prince Harry was “constantly in trouble at school.” Another included a thanks for “thinking of me during a difficult period.” COLIN MOYNIHAN
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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 2017
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Municipal Art Society Abruptly Ousts Leader The terminated president, Gina Pollara, had held the post for less than a year.
utive and successful fund-raiser, make her an exceptional choice to lead MAS forward,” the board said in a statement announcing Ms. Goldstein’s appointment. The society’s most renowned preservationist campaign came in the mid-1970s, when it joined forces with Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis to block a plan to build a skyscraper atop Grand Central Terminal. More recently, though, there was an outcry in 2014 when the society gave its signature Jacque-
By COLIN MOYNIHAN
The Municipal Art Society of New York, long a leading voice in efforts to preserve the city’s history and elegant skyline, has ousted its new president less than a year after her hiring and replaced her with a former city and state parks administrator. Gina Pollara, the former president, said in an interview that she joined the organization last year with the belief that she had a mandate to increase activism in the face of criticism that it had not been as vocal a development watchdog in recent years. “Even though I had only been there a very short while, we were getting really good feedback from the civic community,” Ms. Pollara said. She said that the society did not make clear to her why she had been fired. Board officials said they could not comment on the specifics of Ms. Pollara’s departure, which was approved by the board during a special telephone meeting on Dec. 29, but that it came after months of deliberation. “The leader needs a balanced approach to fund-raising needs and vocal advocacy,” Christy MacLear, a board member who voted to replace Ms. Pollara, said in a statement. “That’s our fiduciary responsibility.” Like many civic organizations, the society, founded in 1893, has struggled to cover
Before a dismissal, outsiders had publicly criticized the idea.
CLINT SPAULDING/PATRICK MCMULLAN, VIA GETTY IMAGES
expenses in recent years and has had several board members — often a source of donations — depart in the last year. The society’s new president is Elizabeth Goldstein, who has previously worked for the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation and the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation. Most recently, she was president of the California State Parks Foundation, an independent advocacy organization. She will start in February. “The Board believes Elizabeth’s extensive experience as a passionate and forceful advocate, as well as a results-oriented exec-
Gina Pollara at a Municipal Art Society event in June. The organization’s board approved her firing on Dec. 29.
BEN KENIGSBERG
line Kennedy Onassis Medal, meant to recognize “an outstanding contribution to New York City,” to executives of Forest City Ratner, the company responsible for the controversial Atlantic Yards development in Brooklyn, which used eminent domain to pave the way for a basketball stadium and apartment buildings. (It also handled such notable projects as a downtown apartment tower by Frank Gehry and the headquarters of The New York Times.) Frederick Iseman, the society’s board chairman, said it continued to play a strong watchdog role, leading the fight, for instance, to shorten the Penn Station lease so a transit hub could be built and calling attention to “supertall” construction. He said Ms. Goldstein would carry on that work.
“I want the MAS to be effective,” he said, referring to the society, “and make sure the public realm is beautiful and worthy of New York as a world-class city. Great public space is an enhancement to the life of everyone.” Ms. Pollara had served as director of Franklin D. Roosevelt Four Freedoms Park, LLC, and on the South Street Initiative, an effort to steward the development of the lower East River waterfront. She said she had told board members that she would work to bring in money but first had to show the preservation community that the society was ready to fight. She said she was pleased, for example, with having helped stop a bill in Albany that would have lifted restrictions on the height and bulk of buildings in New York City. “We were able to ring the bell,” she said. “And the bill was pulled from the floor.” In an unusual open letter to the society, dated Dec. 27 and published on the web, Michael Gruen, the president of the City Club of New York, a civic advocacy group, said that under Ms. Pollara’s leadership, the society had “resumed its rightful position as a leading voice in issues of design, planning, historic preservation and the public realm” and urged that it not dismiss her. “We do understand it is unusual for one organization to involve itself in the internal affairs of another,” Mr. Gruen wrote. “But we believe the importance of MAS to the city and the negative impact of what is being proposed are of such magnitude as to override the usual organizational niceties.”
FILM REVIEW
Fangs, Fur and Plenty of Firepower Warring vampires and werewolves try to settle a centuries-old feud.
Kate Beckinsale reprises her role as a vampire “death dealer” in “Underworld: Blood Wars.”
Underworld: Blood Wars Rated R for blood, spilled and drunk. Running time: 1 hour 31 minutes.
Returning, in her full leather get-up, is Selene (Kate Beckinsale, somehow still invested), a vampire “death dealer” wanted by both sides. Apparently, her blood and the blood of her daughter (who has gone into hiding since the last movie) can confer special powers on those infused with it — a property that has made the strains sought after by the vampire council member Semira (Lara Pulver) and a Lycan leader, Marius (Tobias Menzies). With an almost willful lack of fun, “Underworld: Blood Wars” introduces new dangers (self-propelled bullets and nightshade — fatal for some vampires, but only painful and paralyzing for Selene) and backdrops, including a vampire outpost in the frozen
THE “UNDERWORLD” FRANCHISE — in which vampires and werewolves, called Lycans, use guns and swords to settle a centuries-old feud — showed signs of growing more playful with its fourth installment, “Underworld: Awakening” (2012), which moved away from the series’s labored mythology and threw in Stephen Rea as a mad scientist. Any hope of a similarly limber fifth outing dies immediately in “Underworld: Blood Wars.” This film is so heavy with exposition that you would think that the director, Anna Foerster, and the screenwriter, Cory Goodman, had set out to complete a dissertation instead of a sequel.
The playfulness disappears in the fifth installment of an action-horror franchise.
LARRY HORRICKS/SONY PICTURES RELEASING
north and what must be history’s dullest vampire soiree. (After so many years undead, who could party?) The series’s strategy of bathing its imagery in blue has always been useful for obscuring murky special effects, but here, it seems like a taunt — a guarantee of visual monotony to complement the anemic entertainment value.
French
Enjoyed learning a little __________ this week? Visit LivingLanguage.com/NYT to continue with the online language course.
Crossword ACROSS 1 Barbecue
chef’s
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“Josh Radnor and Elizabeth Reaser show genuine heat.” - Time Out NY TODAY AT 2 & 8, SUNDAY AT 3 Lincoln Center Theater Presents
Edited by Will Shortz
Query about a phone call Many a maid of honor Roach of old comedy In the dictionary, say Mitsubishi sports car, for short Some thirst quenchers Shrinking Seed coat Something water lacks Tranquil and minimalistic It might reveal what you’ve lost Up to speed, musically Something to pick a number from One taking heat at work? Synthetic dye compound “Talk to the hand” Gives a number?
Alternative to Food Lion or Piggly Wiggly
THE BABYLON LINE
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Music & Lyrics by William Finn Book by William Finn & James Lapine Directed by James Lapine Ticketmaster.com or 800-982-2787 www.FalsettosBroadway.com Walter Kerr Theatre (+), 219 W.48th St.
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Hollywood's Tough Guy In Tap Shoes Tu 7, Wed 2&8, Thu 2,Fri 8, Sat 2&8, Sun 3 Tickets At Telecharge.com 212 239 6200 Groups (10+) 212 757 9117 CagneyTheMusical.com Westside Theatre (+) 407 W. 43rd.St.
Final Performances - Ends Tomorrow Today at 2 & 7:30, Tomorrow at 3 New York Gilbert & Sullivan Players present
THE MIKADO
An All-New Production The Kaye Playhouse at Hunter College E. 68th St. (between Park & Lexington) Tickets at 212 772 4448 or nygasp.org
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“GO SEE THIS SHOW.” - Rosie O'Donnell Today at 2pm & 8pm
NOT THAT JEWISH
A New Comedy Written by & Starring Emmy Award-winning Monica Piper Mon 7, Thu 2 & 7, Fri 8, Sat 2 & 8, Sun 3 Telecharge.com or 212-239-6200 New World Stages (+), 340 W. 50th St. NotThatJewish.com
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“A Sheer Delight!” - Time Out NY Starring Jessie Mueller Music and Lyrics by Sara Bareilles Book by Jessie Nelson Directed by Diane Paulus WaitressTheMusical.com Ticketmaster.com or 877-250-2929 Brooks Atkinson Theatre, 256 W. 47th St.
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A Play by Richard Greenberg Directed by Terry Kinney Telecharge.com or 212-239-6200 www.lct.org Thru Jan 22 Only Mitzi E. Newhouse Theater(+),W.65th St.
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of a distinct 14 Pre-euro money geographical 42 Old Scratch, with variety 21 What a 62 “the” wormhole is a 3 Features of tunnel in 43 Wearable status many doctor’s 63 31 1990s “caught symbols office waiting 24 Court blowout on tape” series rooms 46 Stealth fighters 25 Took it easy 33 Vagaries DOWN 4 Veil material 49 Provide direction 28 Pricey strings 35 “No hard 1 One pressing the 5 Widespread feelings?” flesh 51 Express starting 29 iPhone rival 6 Latin American in 2000 soccer 32 Brief topic ANSWER TO PREVIOUS PUZZLE 53 Model who powerhouse: 34 D.M.V. wrote the 1996 Abbr. demands O V E R T H E M O O N D S L book “True 7 It’s what you C A M E R A R E A D Y C E O Beauty” 36 Hot spot think T I P S O N E S H A T C A V 55 Fall rapidly, as 37 Thoughts 8 Assured A N I O N S S U M J O S E sales of wishful N E R D A N Y A L U M N I 9 [Take THAT!] thinkers 57 Grocery brand T R E P R O A E O L I A N 10 Within that’s also a girl’s 38 Imbibed D I P S O S W I C K S name modestly 11 Banquets A M E S I L L E A S E 12 Not merely 39 Ingredient in 59 “Les Mille et ___ C R Y P T L E E A N N good Pringles Light Nuits” A M P L I F Y E T D T S K S C R O L L S P F S H U E T H E Y A L T I M P E D E Online subscriptions: Today’s puzzle and more than 9,000 past puzzles, O A T A G E O F R E A S O N nytimes.com/crosswords ($39.95 a year). F I T B O W L A S T R I K E Read about and comment on each puzzle: nytimes.com/wordplay. F R Y U N D E R T H E S U N Crosswords for young solvers: nytimes.com/studentcrosswords. 30
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KenKen
THE
DRY
JANE HARPER
“STUNNING.” —DAVID BALDACCI
Answers to Previous Puzzles
Fill the grid with digits so as not to repeat a digit in any row or column, and so that the digits within each heavily outlined box will produce the target number shown, by using addition, subtraction, multiplication or division, as indicated in the box. A 4x4 grid will use the digits 1-4. A 6x6 grid will use 1-6. For solving tips and more KenKen puzzles: www.nytimes.com/kenken. For feedback: nytimes@kenken.com KenKen® is a registered trademark of Nextoy, LLC. Copyright © 2017 www.KENKEN.com. All rights reserved.
THE NEW YORK TIMES, SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 2017
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Surprise Export From Germany: A Hit Comedy CONTINUED FROM PAGE C1
ment consultant posted to Bucharest, who receives an unexpected visit from her father, Winfried (Peter Simonischek), a music teacher and practical joker who eventually assumes the persona of “Toni Erdmann,” a life coach, and deploys a wig, fake teeth and whoopee cushions in a complex subterfuge to bring Ines back to her old self. In Germany, where “Toni Erdmann” has been a box-office success for an art-house film, Ms. Ade (pronounced ah-DAY), 40, is seen as an outlier whose sui generis vision doesn’t fit into any established comic traditions. She herself has said that her inspirations include the American comic Andy Kaufman, as well as the Hollywood films of Ernst Lubitsch and Billy Wilder, and the Berlin theater troupe Gob Squad. “In Germany, mainstream comedies are rather vulgar,” said Katja Nicodemus, the film critic at Die Zeit, a German weekly. “Maren Ade, for me, is closer to Wilder and Lubitsch than to contemporary German comedy because she’s closer to that deep humanism — the masquerades, the salaciousness, the wit, the social critique of those comedies, in a subconscious way.” “For me, what makes the film so exceptional is that it’s a tragedy, where in this tragedy the father plays the comedy,” Ms. Nicodemus added. While most German comedies tend toward cabaret-style slapstick humor, “Toni Erdmann,” which is 162 minutes long, makes use of repetition and time, drawing out awkward moments to the point of comic discomfort. The film’s kooky humor stands in contrast to Germany’s top box office hit of the year, “Welcome to the Hartmanns,” a mainstream comedy about a wealthy Bavarian family adopting a Nigerian refugee — touching on a hot-button issue in Germany, where an influx of migrants has been testing society and the political establishment. Written and directed by Simon Verhoeven, that film has received mixed reviews (as well as criticism for posters that omitted Eric Kabongo, who plays the Nigerian), but it has also been praised for pulling off a complex feat. Mr. Verhoeven “undertakes something that is very rarely achieved in German cinema,” Wolfgang Höbel wrote in Der Spiegel. “He treats as uproarious entertainment a political and social conflict that has split the country into two somewhat irreconcilable camps: the joiners-in, and those who are enemies of Angela Merkel’s ‘We can do this’ slogan,” Mr. Höbel added, referring to the statement by Ms. Merkel, the German Christopher D. Shea contributed reporting from London.
WARNER BROS.
Above, “Welcome to the Hartmanns,” with Heiner Lauterbach, left, and Eric Kabongo, is a more mainstream German comedy about a wealthy family that adopts a Nigerian refugee; left, Sandra Hüller and Peter Simonischek in the quirky generational comedy “Toni Erdmann.”
A ‘very long and sad film’ that allows its kooky humor to emerge.
SONY PICTURES CLASSICS
chancellor, that Germany could handle the refugees. In an interview, Mr. Verhoeven agreed that his film was critical of Ms. Merkel. “It definitely is, because I am critical of her,” he said, “not so much because I’m critical of the basic direction that she led the country in, but I was in so many refugee homes, I saw how much people were struggling and how many people tried to help refugees, but there wasn’t a master plan. There wasn’t a
vision of how it’s going to work.” “Welcome to the Hartmanns” has not received distribution overseas yet, and it’s rare for a German comedy to find international success. Those that have include Tom Tykwer’s 1999 hit, “Run, Lola, Run,” which isn’t, strictly speaking, a comedy; Sandra Nettelbeck’s 2002 romantic comedy, “Mostly Martha,” which was later remade by Hollywood with Catherine Zeta Jones; and Wolfgang Becker’s 2004 “Good Bye,
Lenin!” Ms. Ade is the first director in what has been called the Berlin School — a loose affiliation including Christian Petzold and other filmmakers who came of age in the 1990s and make closely observed dramas — to delve into comedy. One of the great comic moments in “Toni Erdmann” is a party scene in which Ines, on the spur of the moment, transforms a “team building” brunch into what she calls “a naked party” — stripping off her clothes and telling her guests, including her boss, to get naked, too. “Standing in a bright room naked is really the worst thing that can happen to you,” Ms. Ade said. “That was really courageous. I had a feeling the character is at a point where it’s almost physically not possible for her to put on her clothes and go into that role again.” She added: “This nakedness doesn’t lower her status. She discovers while doing this that it raises her status; it makes her independent again.” While “Welcome to the Hartmanns” directly tackles a tough contemporary issue, “Toni Erdmann” is also slyly political, about the differences between those in Winfried’s generation, who came of age in the ’60s and rebelled against parents from the Nazi era, and those of Ines’s generation, who grew up in a post-Cold War capitalistic society. “They’re very political; they raised their children with a lot of human values,” Ms. Ade said of Winfried’s generation. “He wanted her to be free, self-determined. They believe in a world without borders. Then he’s confronted with things turned into the opposite.” In using comedy, the film takes a new approach to German history. “The big myth in German cinema is that you have to wear a Nazi uniform to talk about the past, and it’s more complicated,” said Ms. Nicodemus, the Die Zeit film critic. “Toni” also represents a change from the German films that normally appear on the international festival circuit: works by directors from the 1968 generation, including Werner Herzog and Wim Wenders. “When the international film community thinks about German films, there are these old big ’68 moviemaker heroes, and they stand for a certain seriousness and dealing with historic issues in Germany,” said Tobias Kniebe, the chief film critic at Süddeutsche Zeitung, a daily in Munich. Ms. Ade’s film “kind of broke a mold,” Mr. Kniebe added. “To be able to make this kind of movie with that kind of complexity and accuracy and still get the big laughs and be the toast of Cannes, and sell it to more than 100 countries, that’s kind of like saying now, if you’re German, you can do anything. It’s up to you, there’s no prejudice anymore.”
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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 2017
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Classical Music A WORD WITH
KIERA DUFFY
On Being Bess, a Doomed Heroine CONTINUED FROM PAGE C1
was one of the most riveting operatic performances of the year when Ms. Mazzoli’s work, a co-commission of Opera Philadelphia and Beth Morrison Projects, had its premiere in Philadelphia in September. She’ll reprise the role through Monday at the Skirball Center for the Performing Arts, as part of the Prototype festival of new music theater. For Ms. Duffy, having a full run under her belt hasn’t decreased the work’s emotional punch. She said in a phone interview that on the first day of rehearsals in New York, she “completely lost it” singing through her death scene. “I had a total ugly cry,” Ms. Duffy said with a laugh. She also spoke about the influence of Ms. Watson, the grueling role’s most challenging aspects and the fatty fish she binged on to build up the strength to get through it. These are edited excerpts. What was your reaction when you first saw the film? I was equal parts devastated and totally thrilled. Bess is a modern-day martyr type, in the best sense, and Emily Watson gives this monumental performance. I’d be lying if I said I don’t feel the specter of it. It is the kind of performance that leaves an impression. But I swore to myself that I would not watch the film again. I was very nervous, and wary, about Kiera Duffy playing Emily Watson playing Bess. James Darrah, the director, said we’re not trying to do a theatrical remake of the film version. The beauty of opera is you’re able to freeze moments in time and delve deeper into the psychologies. Missy created a piece that really stands on its own. It’s hard to always understand what’s motivating Bess. How do you approach her? I think this story is about a woman trying to survive in this very bleak emotional landscape, and trying to be good, as glib as that may sound. I think she’s just trying to do the right thing. And unfortunately there’s a lot of misunderstanding in Bess’s world. She’s childlike in her extremes. I have a 17-month-old toddler and I see a lot of similarities. There’s not a lot of nuance in her emotional world. When she’s feeling good, she’s feeling wonderful, and when she’s feeling sad, she’s in a level of desperation that most of us don’t know. There’s no pretense about her. She sees the world in this very open-eyed way. Which makes the story so incredibly devastating. What were the most challenging aspects?
Kiera Duffy plays Bess in the opera “Breaking the Waves,” based on the 1996 movie by Lars von Trier that starred Emily Watson.
Some of the sexuality is quite brutal, just as a human being and certainly as a woman. The first time, especially, when you start to do those scenes is really difficult. To James Darrah’s credit, I think he could see me struggling with that and going into myself a little, which wasn’t conducive to this character. And he would step in and make it very clinical. Because it was very scary for me. Is the nudity difficult? Surprisingly, not so much. Obviously the first time you drop trou is really scary. But quite honestly, there’s just so much going on, there isn’t a whole lot of time to dwell on it. And if I’m really in the moment, if I’m really in the head space of Bess, I’m not feeling self-conscious. How did you prepare? I had probably the most rigorous routine I’ve ever had in my professional life for this role. There was a lot of physical conditioning I had to do. It’s a monster role, and the emotional stakes just get higher and higher and that takes an incredible toll physically. I have never done a role that requires this much singing, this heavy an emotionality. You have to be very mindful about when to save, just not putting all the emotion in the voice. The first act is almost a whole opera in itself. The first time we did the third act in the dress rehearsal, I almost couldn’t make it to the end. So I would eat fatty fish beforehand. I would have chunky peanut butter toast. I would have a huge salad with nuts and more fatty fish. Bananas. I did a lot of coconut water. I did Gatorade, which I never do. But I felt since I was using the sugars and carbs, I could do it. It was very much what I imagine athletes do, not that I would want to compare myself to them in terms of physical condition. And then were you carrying the emotional weight home with you? It was hard to shake off, but when you have a small child you have no real choice but to hook back into your real life. I think it could have taken a much heavier toll on me had I not had my little guy to come home to. When you’re changing diapers, you’re not able to wallow.
CORINNA da FONSECA-WOLLHEIM
RYAN PFLUGER FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
OPERA REVIEW
ANTHONY TOMMASINI
MUSIC REVIEW
Concert Hall, Meet Cabaret An HK Gruber piano concerto debuts.
MICHELLE V. AGINS/THE NEW YORK TIMES
Tina Mitchell, left, and Tomás Cruz in the opera “Mata Hari,” written by Matt Marks and Paul Peers, which is part of the Prototype festival.
A Different Queen of the Night An opera about a certain femme fatale, by Matt Marks and Paul Peers, makes its premiere. ONE HUNDRED YEARS AGO this October, the Dutch dancer, courtesan and German-paid secret agent known by her stage name, Mata Hari, was executed by a French firing squad. Many fictional adaptations have capitalized on both the prurient and the tragic aspects of her life, most recently Paulo Coelho’s 2016 novel, “The Spy,” which offers a hagiographic portrait of a heroine whose “only crime was to be an independent woman.” On Thursday at Here, the Prototype festival presented the premiere of “Mata Hari,” an opera by the composer Matt Marks, with a libretto by Paul Peers, who also directed the show. Their tone is bracingly unsentimental, as is clear from the first swear words uttered by the chain-smoking nun who patrols the women’s prison where Mata Hari awaits her verdict. Gone, too, are the exotic costumes, jewel-
encrusted headpieces and striptease routines quoting Indonesian dance gestures that made Mata Hari famous. Instead, Mr. Peers’s smart libretto adopts a process that peels away his title character’s contradictions, unreliable memories, half-lies and compromising admissions in a way that subtly notches up the pathos. Mata Hari In repertory through Jan. 14 at Here, Manhattan; 212-647-0202, here.org.
To a certain degree, the score succeeds in reflecting those tensions. Mr. Marks’s most striking innovation is a bold mix of vocal styles. Mata Hari is a speaking role, here inhabited by Tina Mitchell, who plays it with coiled tension and brittle haughtiness. The part of her Russian paramour, Vadime, is given over to Tomás Cruz, a pop and jazz singer. The male chorus, made up of other former lovers and current accusers, as well as the role of Sister Léonide (Mary Mackenzie), uses classically trained singers. All voices were amplified, so there was no
power imbalance. Even so, each vocal technique implies a certain distance, from the mere arm’s reach of a quietly spoken word to the torpedo aim of an operatic soprano. Listening to both in the course of a dialogue requires a constant adjustment on the part of the listener. I found myself wishing for an auditory version of bifocal lenses. Conducted by David Bloom, the quartet nimbly negotiated the score’s fluid transitions from gritty waltzes to punk-rock explosions, from rococo ornaments to dissonant chords. The most beautiful scenes used the excellent male singers as a chorus, creating a dark, captivating sound tapestry against which Ms. Mitchell’s spoken lines stood out fragile and naked. Less successful was a scene in which Mata Hari recalls her son’s death. Its blend of spoken voice, soprano and Mr. Cruz’s vocals came across as maudlin and gauche. But the different sonic worlds came together poignantly in a touching duet for the two women. As both intoned the phrase “I am sorry” at the same time, Ms. Mackenzie’s floated soprano appeared like a gentle radiance, haloing the spoken words.
WHAT BETTER WAY for an orchestra to end one year and start the next than with new music? Alan Gilbert and the New York Philharmonic, joined by players from the Jazz at Lincoln Center Orchestra, presented the premiere on Dec. 28 of Wynton Marsalis’s ambitious, teeming Symphony No. 4, “The Jungle.” Then on Thursday, for the first new subscription series program of 2017, Mr. Gilbert led the Philharmonic in a premiere of a very different sort of piece: a piano concerto by the iconoclastic Austrian composer HK Gruber. Emanuel Ax, for whom Mr. Gruber wrote this episodic, hurtling work, was the commanding soloist. Mr. Gruber, 74, is best known for “Frankenstein!!,” his theatrical song cycle for chansonnier (a cabaret-style singer-actor) and orchestra, with texts drawn from subversive children’s rhymes. Mr.
New York Philharmonic This program repeats Saturday at David Geffen Hall, Lincoln Center, Manhattan; 212-875-5656, nyphil .org.
Gruber gained a following for his inimitable “singing” of the solo part in that 1977 work, which giddily blends modernist and cabaret musical styles. His new piano concerto similarly finds common ground between the concert hall and cabaret. Yet this is an intricate and provocative score, a 24-minute single-movement concerto that unfolds with inexorable sweep and rhythmic persistence, even during some stream-of-consciousness stretches. It begins with deceptively calm piano chords that provoke nervous bleeps from the orchestra. Soon the piano plays an arching theme in right-hand octaves, like some passing nod to those soaring-melody moments of Romantic piano concertos. From there, the piece adopts a mode of continuous shifts and
MICHELLE V. AGINS/THE NEW YORK TIMES
Emanuel Ax at David Geffen Hall.
fractured phrases. The piano will slip into an episode of skittish twopart counterpoint, while orchestra instruments look for places to intrude with misbehaving outbursts. Stark passages of pointillist writing in the piano turn wild, like avant-garde jazz improvisations. The piano continues to twist and turn, with dreamy harmonies segueing into frenetic, toccatalike eruptions. The orchestra sometimes swells with startling Expressionist angst. Yet for all the gnashing harmonies and splintered phrases, the music is run through with hints of Kurt Weill cabaret. There is almost always some jaunty, rhythmic riff bustling in the orchestra. Mr. Ax deftly navigated the concerto’s mercurial quick-cuts in his scintillating and colorful performance, qualities matched by Mr. Gilbert and the impressive Philharmonic players. It was smart for Mr. Gilbert to open the program with a stylish performance of Weill’s “Kleine Dreigroschenmusik” for wind ensemble, a 20-minute suite of excerpts from “The Threepenny Opera,” arranged in 1929. Weill’s ingenious merging of contemporary and cabaret styles remains a model for composers like Mr. Gruber. In another good call, Mr. Gilbert turned to an earlier Austrian composer to end the program, leading a lively, articulate account of Schubert’s youthful, seldom-heard Symphony No. 2.
THE NEW YORK TIMES, SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 2017
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WGN-A
Golden Girls Golden Girls Golden Girls Love-Raymond Love-Raymond This Is Us “The Best Washing Ma- This Is Us “Pilgrim Rick.” A Thanks- This Is Us “The Trip.” The siblings chine in the Whole World.” (14) giving trip takes a detour. (14) head to the family’s cabin. (14) Honey (5:30) Honey 2 (2011). Katerina Graham. Troubled dancer prepares for talent show. (PG-13) Law & Order “Apocrypha.” Woman Law & Order “American Dream.” Law & Order “Born Bad.” Genetic killed planting car bomb. (PG) Businessman appeals conviction. predisposition. (PG) Blue Bloods “Greener Grass.” (14) Blue Bloods “Risk and Reward.” Blue Bloods “Nightmares.” (14)
Love-Raymond Love-Raymond King of Queens King of Queens King of Queens This Is Us “Last Christmas.” Kate Law & Order: Special Victims Unit Law & Order: comes down with appendicitis. (14) “Escape.” (14) SVU ATL (2006). Tip “T.I.” Harris, Lauren London. (PG-13) Law & Order “The Pursuit of Happi- Law & Order “Golden Years.” Ema- Law & Order ness.” (PG) ciated elderly woman found dead. “Snatched.” (PG) Blue Bloods “Higher Education.” How I Met How I Met How I Met
YES
Yankees Classics Game 4, 2001 World Series.
Yankees Classics Game 5, 2001 World Series.
USA VH1 WE
(2001) on Hulu. Audrey Tautou breaks through as a French sprite working as a waitress who lays out elaborate practical jokes as payback for those who offend her friends. When she falls in love with Nino (Mathieu Kassovitz), Amélie finds herself incapable of revealing her feelings and instead turns Paris, recreated through sets and computer-generated imagery, into a kind of treasure hunt as she leaves clues about her identity, and he trails after her. Writing in The Times, Elvis Mitchell called this romantic fable, directed by Jean-Pierre Jeunet, “a sugar-rush of a movie” whose “fastidious complex of flesh and fantasy is a dazzling achievement.”
AMÉLIE
N.B.A. D-League Basketball
Friends (PG)
Bring It On (2000). High school cheerleaders. Bouncy sports comedy.
MIRAMAX ZOE
Audrey Tautou
All in the Family (PG) World Series
MTV
Friends (14)
What’s Streaming
30 for 30
U.F.C. Classics College Basketball Marquette vs. Villanova.
FX
the whole world knows by now, Ms. Fisher, forever after Princess Leia in “Star Wars,” and her mother, Ms. Reynolds, the 1950s movie star turned cabaret singer, died within a day of each other at the end of December. This documentary, directed by Fisher Stevens and Alexis Bloom and originally scheduled to debut in March, follows these women as they go about their routines in what they call “the compound,” living in separate houses but never very far apart. Their screen personas are on full display — but so are the more telling moments when, say, a shadow dims Ms. Reynolds’s normally sunny disposition, or footage reveals Ms. Fisher, who was bipolar, in manic phases. “It’s all so Hollywood, so poetic, so dramatic,” Margaret Lyons wrote in The New York Times. But mostly it demonstrates that they were just like the rest of us. “There’s no people like show people,” she added, “but Hollywood families are, somehow, still just families.” 48 HOURS 10 p.m. on CBS. In 1992, Phonthip Ott’s body was discovered in the Sacramento River in California. Her daughters, Tippy Dhaliwal and Jeanette Marine, immediately suspected their stepfather, Dennis Ott, a petty officer in the Coast Guard, of killing her. But it would be two years, only after Tippy, 16, had written to a district attorney and the Coast Guard, before the arrest of Mr. Ott, who was sentenced to life in prison with the possibility of parole — a possibility the sisters are fighting. THE GRAHAM NORTON SHOW 10 p.m. on BBC America. Feeling saucy? Tune in to the banter between Mr. Norton and guests including Will Smith and Helen Mirren and, at 11, Felicity Jones and Bruno Mars.
N.F.L.
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Prerace
BRIGHT LIGHTS: STARRING CARRIE FISHER AND DEBBIE REYNOLDS (2017) 8 p.m. on HBO. As
Bridesmaids (2011). Kristen Wiig, Maya Rudolph. (R)
Kids Baking Championship (G) The Greg Gutfeld Show (N)
The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn Part 1 (2011). Kristen Stewart, Robert Pattinson. (PG-13) (7:40)
FISHER FAMILY ARCHIVES, VIA HBO
Carrie Fisher, left, and Debbie Reynolds.
College Basketball Nevada vs. New Mexico. (11:15)
30 for 30
Bridesmaids (2011). A maid of honor’s life unravels as the big day approaches. (R)
What’s on TV
Antiques
PREMIUM CABLE FLIX
“Bright Lights” captures Carrie Fisher and Debbie Reynolds as Hollywood personas and a mother-daughter team not long before their recent deaths. Graham Norton chats up A-listers. And “Amélie” comes to Hulu.
Noticias Titulares y Más Ya Era Hora
Miracle Makeup! Judge Judy (PG) Entertainment Tonight (N) (G)
Quantum of Solace (2008). Daniel Craig, Olga Kurylenko. (PG-13)
What’s on Saturday
Video Music Box
Noticiero 47
American Masters “By Sidney Lumet.” (Season Premiere) (N) (14)
Regrow Hair
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SIMON MEIN/SONY PICTURES CLASSICS
Jim Broadbent and Ruth Sheen.
(2010) on Sundance Now. Jim Broadbent and Ruth Sheen are a British couple moving toward retirement and reflecting on the vulnerability of their friends and family across four seasons in this Mike Leigh drama about the unequal distribution of happiness. With its notes of class consciousness, the film is “splendidly rich and wise,” A. O. Scott wrote in The Times, adding that its stars display “uncanny subtlety and tremendous soul.”
ANOTHER YEAR
KATHRYN SHATTUCK
ONLINE: TELEVISION LISTINGS
Television highlights for a full week, recent reviews by The Times’s critics and complete local television listings. nytimes.com/tv Definitions of symbols used in the program listings: ★ Recommended film ✩ Recommended series ● New or noteworthy program (N) New show or episode (CC) Closed-caption (HD) High definition
Ratings: (Y) All children (Y7) Directed to older children (G) General audience (PG) Parental guidance
suggested (14) Parents strongly cautioned (MA) Mature audience only
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How ‘Bambi’ Got Its Stark Yet Ethereal Look CONTINUED FROM PAGE C1
a few figures within a vast landscape, and imbued with a powerful and atmospheric sense of emotion. “You could practically smell the pine,” said Michael Labrie, the director of collections and exhibitions at the Walt Disney Family Museum, who was curator of an exhibition devoted to Mr. Wong’s work in 2013. “This was what they were looking for.” “The thickets and trees Tyrus paints show less of what you would see and more of what you would feel walking through a forest,” Charles Solomon, an animation historian, wrote in the exhibition catalog.
Aesthetic Influences The spare but expressive style of Mr. Wong’s work draws heavily from the landscape paintings of the Song dynasty (A.D. 960–1279). In an interview, Nancy Berliner, curator of Chinese art at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, called this period “the height of Chinese painting.” Finely detailed elements, such as a gnarled tree or a sailboat crossing a lake, were surrounded by landscapes rendered in extremely subtle flecks and shades of ink. Although these works were made solely with black ink, artists at the time aimed to incorporate every shade of gray within their works, using deliberate brushwork and exquisite care. This almost abstract style, Ms. Berliner said, was a philosophical reaction against the tradition of realism. (A sort of 10th-century avant-garde, you could say.) Artists in this mode argued that purely representational work was “seductive” — dangerously sensual. By comparison, Song dynasty painting idealized the expression of the artist, and the painting as a direct connection with the heart and soul of its creator. Mr. Wong was also innovative in his use of vivid colors, rarely seen in traditional Chinese painting. Later Works Mr. Wong was fired from Disney in the aftermath of a labor dispute, but soon found work elsewhere in the film industry, where he illustrated scripts, drew storyboards and painted production images for more than two decades at Warner Bros. To get the job, he created a remarkable portfolio of Aladdin illustrations, which can be seen in the catalog from his retrospective exhibition. Mr. Labrie, the curator of the Walt Disney Family Museum show, sees a consistency throughout Mr. Wong’s work. “You don’t get just a pretty picture,” he said. “You really get a sense of being in that moment.” Mr. Wong also painted Christmas cards and magazine covers, and made designs for dinnerware. And he spent many years building elaborate kites, which he flew on the beach in Santa Monica, Calif. But his signature style seems to have crystallized around the time of those “Bambi” drawings in the ’30s: clearly rendered figures that are rampant, or dreamy, amid landscapes evoked by absence. “He had such a passion for art,” Mr. Labrie said, sharing a quotation from his conversations with Mr. Wong that he had committed to memory: “ ‘If you can do a painting with five strokes instead of 10, you can make your painting sing.’”
TYRUS WONG FAMILY, DISNEY
Above, a visual development work for “Bambi” in which Tyrus Wong deployed vivid colors. Below, a self-portrait of Mr. Wong, circa 1930. Right, a scene from the film.
WALT DISNEY PRODUCTIONS
CHINESE AMERICAN MUSEUM, GIFT OF SANORA BABB
BEN BRANTLEY
THEATER REVIEW
Into a World of Fantasy, Where the Sorcerers Take Center Stage Coming of age in a landscape where stars beckon alluringly from the skies.
SARA KRULWICH/THE NEW YORK TIMES
Sara Sawicki, left, and Charlotte Long, projected in shadow in “Lula del Ray,” at the Public Theater.
SO IF YOU ADD UP the two-dimensional and the three-dimensional to create a new spatial entity, does that mean you’re in the fifth dimension? Whatever you choose to call it, such a perspective-melting world is the realm in which the enchanting “Lula del Ray” takes place. This latest offering from the Chicagobased arts collective Manual Cinema, which runs through next Saturday in the Public Theater’s Under the Radar festival, is dreamy in all senses of the word. It tells its story — in many ways, a familiar one of a restless girl’s small rebellion against her lonely provincial life — in the twilight zone between shadow and substance. As you sink into the spectral parade of images of the 1950s American Southwest, you may wonder at times if you haven’t, in fact, fallen asleep. Should you require a reality check, you can always shift your focus from what’s happening on the large upper screen — where a polished narrative unfolds in a series of animated silhouettes — to the industrious group of sorcerers gathered directly below it. They’re the show’s own Wizards of Oz, the illusion-makers who ply transparencies, shadow puppets, video, scrims and their own shadows to create an alternate universe. You are in no way discouraged from watching the magicians at work behind the scenes. When the show is over, the audience will be invited to tour the stage to examine the tools of these artisans’ sui generis trade. But somehow, as you’re watching “Lula del Ray,” conceived by Julia Miller and based on an original text by Brendan Hill, the visible presence of its creators tends to enhance, rather than erase, the sense of an ineffable magic. (The show is designed and directed by Drew Dir, Sarah Fornace and Ms. Miller.) The effect summons memories of childhood games of make-believe, wherein the lines between fact and fiction blur in ways that made the ground beneath your feet feel scarily, excitingly, less solid. That’s an appropriate sensation for a work in which the title character usually
Lula del Ray Through next Saturday at the Public Theater, Manhattan; 212-967-7555, undertheradarfestival.com. Running time: 1 hour 15 minutes.
has her head in the stars, the kinds that populate both the cosmos and the pages of fan magazines. Lula (whose corporeal, shadowcasting form is embodied by a masked and bewigged Charlotte Long) lives in a trailer in the desert with her look-alike mother (Sara Sawicki), the supervisor of a nearby satellite field. It’s an isolated existence, and Lula spends lots of time staring into the night skies. Her thoughts are mostly of rocket ships until she hears, through distorted radio waves, the siren call of the Baden Brothers, a rockabilly duo whose hit record is a phantasmal riff on the children’s song “Lord, Blow the Moon Out Please.” (The show’s beguiling original score, which suggests an astral Roy Orbison, is by Kyle Vegter and Ben Kauffman, with Maren Celest, Michael Hilger and Jacob Winchester.) Lured by their music, Lula runs away to the big city, in hopes of seeing her new idols in the flesh. What she finds there requires an adjustment in her perspective that wittily echoes the ways that Manual Cinema, whose similarly fantastical “Ada/Ava” was seen in New York in 2015, has been playing with its audience’s point of view all along. The production features all sorts of ingenious handmade equivalents for cinematic effects: close-ups, long shots, pans. (Ms. Long, Ms. Sawicki, Lizi Breit and Sam Deutsch are the puppeteers.) Rural and urban environments are conjured with a specificity that evokes the very different, equally daunting vastness of each. Above both, there is always the infinite sky, rendered in a palette of bleeding pastels. Lula herself, who has the bouncy carriage and perky topknot of a young Sandra Dee, is seen both as a tiny figure amid immense landscapes and as a silhouette mask in ravishing close-up. Sometimes it is Ms. Long’s body that gives Lula life; on other occasions, it is an effigy. After a point, you won’t be able to distinguish between the two. It is a crucial part of this production’s magic that the tellers and their tale blur into a single spellbound self.
3 PRO FOOTBALL
5 COLLEGE FOOTBALL
A meeting of quarterbacks that lacks playoff experience.
Minnesota hires Western Michigan’s P. J. Fleck to instill a new culture.
5 TENNIS
The U.S.T.A. builds a campus it hopes will deliver talent.
SCORES
ANALYSIS
COMMENTARY
SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 2017
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Masks of Jamie Vardy of Leicester City after a match against Everton on Dec. 26. Fans who felt only joy during the title run last season are rediscovering anxiety and anger.
Leicester City Learns Magic Goes Only So Far LEICESTER, England — With time, they no longer seem like memories. They are too strange, too difficult to explain. They feel, instead, like hallucinatory flashbacks from some fever dream. The butchers who paid tribute through the medium of sausage; the pilgrimage of the van driver from North London, drawn to a city he did not know, compelled to find a wall on which to paint a mural; the story of the television personON ality who appeared on screen naked save for a SOCCER pair of crisp, white boxers. With time, an air of unreality has settled on it all. If it remains hard to comprehend the overwhelming fact that Leicester City, the 5,000-to-1 shot, actually won the Premier League title last May, then all of the little details that illumi-
RORY SMITH
nated the story have become more unfathomable still. For a few weeks last spring, everything around Leicester felt dizzy, giddy. Now, eight months on, it all seems hazy, flickering and shimmering somewhere between recollection and imagination. Leicester, for so long one of England’s “yo-yo” teams — bouncing between the top flight and the second tier, never able to settle — is back in its traditional role. This weekend’s F.A. Cup match at Everton brings a little relief from what has become an arduous, but familiar, Premier League season, the club once more flirting with the relegation battle, all thoughts of a repeat title long gone. The Foxes’ opponent on Saturday is fitting: It was a home defeat to Everton on Dec. 26 that brought the first audible mutterings of discontent in the stands at Leicester
this season, and fans who have felt only joy for a year are starting to rediscover anxiety and anger. There have been questions about the wisdom of the club’s summer recruitment, expressions of frustration at the players. As Claudio Ranieri, Leicester’s manager, put it last week: “The first six months of 2016 were fantasy, and the second six months were reality.” Those who were caught up in the story feel the same. Gary Lineker, the stripped-to-his-boxers television personality in question, supports Leicester and played for it, but even he believes the club has simply reverted to type. “It’s not that anything in particular has gone wrong this season,” he said. “It’s just that this is what Leicester is, what it has Continued on Page D2
N.F.L. PLAYOFFS
Success Measured In Wins and Tweets By BILL PENNINGTON
AL BELLO/GETTY IMAGES
Little about the first-year Giants coach Ben McAdoo goes unnoticed on social media, including his play-call sheet.
EAST RUTHERFORD, N.J. — In four short months, Ben McAdoo, a quiet man from a tiny town in western Pennsylvania who had never been a head coach at any level in any sport until taking over the Giants this season, has become something of a cult figure. And it has little to do with football. On social media, especially during Giants games, nothing about him seems to go unnoticed — not his retro hairdo, baggy sweatshirt, bushy mustache, outsize headgear or the multicolored sheet the size of a New Jersey diner menu that he holds over his face when calling plays. For all this, McAdoo is extravagantly praised, teased, glorified, impersonated and parodied. Why? “I’m not really sure,” said McAdoo, who is better known on Twitter as McAdeity, McAdauntless, McAdozy, McAdaring (he likes to gamble on fourth down). It being Twitter, he’s also been called McAdope and McAdork. But the greatest proof of relevance is
imitation. At the Giants’ final regularseason game last week at FedEx Field, Washington’s home, a 12-year-old boy showed up in the first row dressed like McAdoo. He also had on a fake mustache and was holding an extra-wide play-call sheet complete with an attached yellow Post-it (because the real McAdoo likes to add six or seven sticky notes as an addendum). The impostor was Peter Costigan, a sixth grader from Wayne, Pa., who comes from a family of Giants fans. When an ESPN reporter, Jordan Raanan, tweeted a picture of Costigan, calling him “Little Ben McAdoo,” the post was liked or retweeted thousands of times. Fox Sports, which was broadcasting the game, trained its cameras on Costigan as well and put up several comparisons of Costigan and McAdoo. McAdoo, who has a good sense of humor, had high-fived Costigan before the game. “The fact is Peter does look like Ben McAdoo, and we thought we’d create a Continued on Page D3
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After Title, Leicester City Learns Magic Goes Only So Far From First Sports Page always been.” The contrast between what Leicester is and what Leicester, briefly, was has simply served to deepen the sense of disbelief, to allow the doubts to flourish. It is hard to be sure that it did, actually, happen. “I think I remember it,” Lineker said. Only firm proof assuages the doubt. There is the club’s continuing Champions League campaign, of course, the great beacon of optimism from the first half of Leicester’s season. Ranieri set his team a target of remaining in European competition beyond Christmas, and his players delivered in style: Sevilla awaits in the Round of 16. There are the books, too, with titles like “Fearless” and “5000-1” and the slew of others that were published to record what Lineker called the “most unlikely sporting triumph of all time.” And there are the awards, which continue to trickle in. Before Christmas, Leicester was named team of the year in the BBC’s year-end awards, while Ranieri picked up the honor as best coach. Just this week, Riyad Mahrez was named African player of the year, a title Shinji Okazaki had already picked up in Asia. It is the mementos in Leicester, though, the ones available to all, that will endure the longest. W Archer & Son, the butcher that in March created a sausage in honor of Ranieri, is only a 10minute drive from Leicester City’s King Power Stadium. The sausage contained chili, garlic, fennel and “a hint of Champions League.” The sausages are still for sale, though they are not moving in quite the quantities they did in the season’s final weeks, when the owner, Sean Jeynes, was selling as many as 600 a week. “We maybe sell 130 or 150 every week,” Jeynes said recently as he worked on a block of Himalayan Salt Beef. “It’s more if we are at home, or if there is a Champions League game. They have become part of the matchday ritual for a lot of fans. They’ll have some Ranieri sausages before they go to the game, or buy some if they’re watching on TV.” He does not plan to stop selling them anytime soon. On Kate Street, not far from the city center, there is proof. Rich Wilson is not a Leicester fan; his only connection with the city was that an old friend, Junior Lewis, once played for the team. “He was voted their second-worst-ever signing,” Wilson said. In April, though, after Leicester beat Swansea City 4-0, and inched closer to the championship, Wilson — an amateur street artist — decided to make the club his next subject. “I was interested in painting portraits of people in places where they meant something,” he said. “So I decided to paint Ranieri in Leicester.” He asked for time off work and drove up the next day. He had neither a specific destination nor a commission. He remembers circling the city, “thinking this
DARREN STAPLES/REUTERS
Two young fans in Leicester City tutus in April. The club’s league title in May set off months of giddy disbelief, but the jubilation has dimmed this season.
ANDREW TESTA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Leicester City fans, above, during a Premier League match against Manchester United in May. Sean Jeynes, left, the owner of the W Archer & Son butcher shop, in March with sausages that he made in honor of Claudio Ranieri, Leicester’s manager.
NICK MASHITER/PRESS ASSOCIATION, VIA ASSOCIATED PRESS
was stupid,” when he turned behind the back of an electronics shop and onto Kate Street. “That was when I saw the wall,” he said. The shop’s owner, also the owner of an executive box at the King Power, let him use the wall to paint Ranieri. “He had not even seen any of my work,” Wilson said. “He did not know who I was. But everyone was so
carried away with what was happening, so he just agreed.” Wilson planned to spend “a day and a half” in Leicester, painting just one portrait, of Ranieri. “When the owner came down and saw it, he asked me to do the whole team,” he said. He wound up staying five weeks. The mural is still there; Wilson has returned only once, after his image of N’Golo Kanté was de-
faced after the player moved to Chelsea in the summer. “I do worry that something else might happen,” he said. “Particularly I worry that Leicester fans might do something, because they are so passionate after a bad defeat.” It is not quite at that stage yet, of course, but the sense remains that perhaps Leicester is a place that might like another dream. The Champions League could provide it, of course, or the F.A. Cup. This time last year, Tottenham eliminated Leicester from this competition. Defeat in that battle helped Ranieri win the war: It enabled him to give his players a crucial week off, just after a defeat to Arsenal seemed to have brought the title charge to a crashing halt. That break — and the projection of relaxation — helped Leicester’s squad gather its spirits for the run-in. Now, the cup might provide something quite different: It is not a distraction, but a destination. Leicester has never won it; fans of a certain vintage still remember the pain of losing three finals in the 1960s. To win it would be a fairy tale, another chance to journey into the unreal, a reminder that things that cannot happen do, and things that did not happen can.
HOCKEY
Rangers Are Getting Time Off. They’ll Need It After This Game. By DAVE CALDWELL
GREENBURGH, N.Y. — Rangers Coach Alain Vigneault cobbled together a new pairing of defensemen at practice Friday: Rick Nash and Pavel Buchnevich, two towering forwards who are battling injuries. Vigneault playfully said later that they were his best defensive pair. The whimsical assignment was one way for the Rangers to cope with reality. Neither is healthy enough to play for the Rangers on Saturday in Columbus, where they are to take on Coach John Tortorella’s Blue Jackets, who rampaged to the top of the N.H.L. standings by winning 16 straight games before losing to the Washington Capitals on Thursday. Vigneault acknowledged that he did think a little about what Saturday’s game would have been like had Columbus beaten Washington. The Blue Jackets would have been in a position to eclipse the record streak of 17, set by the Pittsburgh Penguins in 1993. But Columbus fell, 5-0, so Saturday’s game will be just another rigorous Metropolitan Division challenge. Entering Friday, four of the top five teams in the N.H.L. were from the Metropolitan: Columbus (27-6-4), Pittsburgh (258-5), the Rangers (27-13-1) and Washington (24-9-5). And there appears to be a break in the clouds for the Rangers, whose players have individually missed more than 100 games to injury this season, many by their biggest stars, including Nash.
A red-hot opponent for a team that could use some rest.
CHRISTOPHER HANEWINCKEL/USA TODAY SPORTS, VIA REUTERS
Rick Nash after a goal Dec. 17. He has missed 11 of the last 14 games because of groin injuries. The Rangers have half of their 82 regular-season games remaining, but after Saturday, they get a mandated five days off — what teams are generally calling a bye week — before they play the Toronto Maple Leafs on Friday. “This bye week is coming at a perfect time for me,” Nash said.
Rather than return for one game and then take a long break, Nash will continue rehabbing two groin injuries that have kept him out of 11 of the last 14 games. He missed four games after he was first hurt Dec. 8, played three games but injured the other side of his groin — “overcompensat-
ing,” he said. He still remains tied for third on the team with 13 goals, including four in his last seven games. “It’s definitely frustrating,” Nash said. “I was feeling it out there, too. I just felt like my game was kind of in a good position. It’s a setback.”
Buchnevich, a 21-year-old Russian forward who had four goals in 10 games before being sidelined in November with a back injury, was cleared to participate fully in practice Friday afternoon, then was sent to the Hartford farm club for a home game that night. Vigneault said Buchnevich would be evaluated daily while in Hartford. Center Mika Zibanejad, who came to the Rangers from Ottawa in an off-season trade for Derick Brassard, has missed the last 22 games with a broken fibula after registering 15 points in 19 games. Vigneault said Zibanejad had resumed skating and could return by the middle of January. “Injuries are part of the game,” Vigneault said. “I’m focused on the guys who are here now and healthy and try to find ways to win.” But he added: “That’s what we’ve been trying to do here for quite some time.” The injuries have tested the Rangers’ depth, but they remain one of the highest-scoring teams in the league. Still, the three injured forwards could form a line more potent, at least, than Brandon Pirri, Nicklas Jensen and Marek Hrivik, the make-do fourth line in a 5-2 victory over the Phila-
delphia Flyers on Wednesday. The Rangers have had poor games, like a 4-1 loss Tuesday at home to the Buffalo Sabres, but as they have many times this season, they rebounded a night later. The Rangers’ longest losing streak is two games. “We’ve got to continue to have that right mind-set, competing and having good execution with and without the puck,” the team’s captain, Ryan McDonagh, said. Saturday’s game will be another rematch between Tortorella and Vigneault, who were essentially traded for each other in 2013 when Vigneault went from Vancouver to New York and Tortorella went the other way. Vigneault enters Saturday’s game with 171 victories as the Rangers’ coach; Tortorella’s teams won 172. When that was pointed out to him Friday, Vigneault smiled and said: “I don’t really pay a lot of attention to that. I try to focus on the team rather than my personal stats.” His team is healthier, finally, and it has not stumbled often. The Blue Jackets will offer a tough test. “I’m very impressed what they’ve done over the last five weeks here,” goaltender Henrik Lundqvist said of Columbus. “Torts has everybody on that page, buying into that system. It will save you a lot of nights when your game is a little off. “But it’s the same thing with us. When you have guys on the same page, trusting the system, it’s going to help move it along.”
THE NEW YORK TIMES, SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 2017
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Who’s Playing? More Like Who’s Not By DAVID WHITE
The tale of the season’s first two N.F.L. playoff games is all about the headline names who won’t be taking their Pro Bowl talents to the line of scrimmage in Houston and Seattle. On Saturday, Texans defensive end J. J. Watt (back surgery) won’t be chasing down Raiders quarterback Derek Carr (broken leg), and Seahawks safety Earl Thomas (broken leg) won’t be blitzing Lions quarterback Matthew Stafford, an injured star who will play, albeit with a 1-3 record since dislocating his right middle finger. Here’s a look at Saturday’s wild-card playoff games and who we think will win them.
Raiders (12-4) at Texans (9-7)
JACK DEMPSEY/ASSOCIATED PRESS
The Raiders rookie Connor Cook fumbling against the Broncos on Sunday, when he replaced Matt McGloin. Cook will make his first career start Saturday.
No Time Like the Playoffs to Gain Some Experience By BENJAMIN HOFFMAN
The “face of the franchise” in the N.F.L. is nearly always the team’s quarterback. In an odd twist, as the playoffs begin this weekend, a few of the teams will find out what happens when that face belongs to someone doing on-the-job training. To one extreme of experience is Sunday’s matchup between the Giants and the Green Bay Packers. It is a duel between Eli Manning and Aaron Rodgers, seasoned quarterbacks who have combined to play 368 games, attempt 12,305 passes and win three Super Bowls. Contrast that with Saturday’s game between the Houston Texans and the Oakland Raiders. Brock Osweiler, just a few weeks after being benched, will start for the Texans because the team’s preferred starter, Tom Savage, is out with a concussion. Osweiler’s 21 career starts make him a wily veteran compared with the Raiders’ starter, Connor Cook, who, thanks to injuries to Derek Carr and Matt McGloin, will be the first quarterback to have his first N.F.L. start come in the playoffs. The Raiders’ head coach, Jack Del Rio,
A battle of quarterbacks each making his postseason debut. was less than enthusiastic about going with a rookie, who has attempted only 21 passes as a professional, against the topranked defense in the N.F.L. in terms of yards allowed. “It’s obviously not ideal,” Del Rio told reporters. “That’s why it’s never happened where a rookie gets his start in a playoff game.” Cook displaces Todd Marinovich, Doug Flutie, Gifford Nielsen and Ron Jaworski to become the least experienced starting quarterback in a playoff game. Each of those quarterbacks had one career start before his first playoff start. If Cook’s rise to starting was unexpected and meteoric, Osweiler’s promotion continued his roller coaster ride. It started last season when he replaced an injured and ineffective Peyton Manning
JAMES KENNEY/ASSOCIATED PRESS
The Texans’ Brock Osweiler led the Broncos to the playoffs last year, but then lost his job to Peyton Manning. and helped the Denver Broncos get to the playoffs, only to be benched in favor of Manning once the team got there. In the wake of Manning’s Super Bowl
win and subsequent retirement, Osweiler took $37 million in guarantees from Houston to be the Texans’ starter. That lasted 14 games. His mediocre play resulted in the team’s turning to Savage, who had toiled in obscurity since being selected by Houston in the fourth round of the 2014 draft. Considering Osweiler’s experience with the Broncos, one would expect Houston to have an advantage, but history offers mixed results. While Marinovich and Flutie lost in their playoff starts, Nielsen and Jaworski fared better. Asked to fill in for Dan Pastorini, Nielsen won a divisional round game for the 1979 Houston Oilers. Jaworski, forced into a starting role for the 1975 Los Angeles Rams because of a late-season injury to James Harris, won a divisional round game before losing to the Dallas Cowboys in the N.F.C. championship. Now Cook has an opportunity to outdo Nielsen and Jaworski, by helping Oakland stay alive despite his inexperience, and Osweiler can prove Houston did not err when it invested so heavily in an unproven commodity.
4:35 p.m. Line: Texans by 3 ½ The Texans have the No. 1-ranked defense in the N.F.L. The Raiders counter with the clubhouse leader for the Defensive Player of the Year Award, Khalil Mack. Given the available quarterbacks, this game has all the makings of an offensive slog. In Derek Carr’s absence, the Raiders rookie Connor Cook is set to become the first N.F.L. quarterback to make the first start of his career in the postseason. With Houston’s late-season starter, Tom Savage, in the concussion protocol, its $72 million quarterback, Brock Osweiler, will come back from the bench — where he was sent in Week 15 along with his 16 interceptions against 14 touchdowns. The Texans will saturate the pocket with unhealthy amounts of the Pro Bowl pass rusher Jadeveon Clowney (16 tackles for a loss). Combine that with the return of the 1,073-yard rusher Lamar Miller (ankle), plus a 7-1 home record this season, and Houston should like its chances. The Raiders’ defense will struggle to get off the field. Oakland’s offense has only 13 first downs in its 15 post-Carr drives — a sure way for the Raiders to wear out their defense from overexposure. They will need their sixth-ranked rushing game to buy time if they are to survive the franchise’s first postseason game in 14 years. PICK: TEXANS
GREGORY SHAMUS/GETTY IMAGES ELAINE THOMPSON/ASSOCIATED PRESS
Success That’s Measured In Victories and in Tweets From First Sports Page fun memory,” Peter Costigan’s father, Mike, said in a telephone interview. “It was a way to celebrate the Giants being in the playoffs, and we knew the players would get a chuckle out of it.” And indeed several Giants approached Peter. “Players kept coming over and saying, ‘Coach McAdoo, why aren’t you on the field?’ ” Peter said Thursday. The McAdoo costume was made of a $7 toy mustache bought on the internet, black duct tape molded to look like a headset mouthpiece, headphones that came with the family minivan and, to resemble the play-call sheet, a poster board decorated with items snipped from a diner menu. Before the game, in the stadium parking lot, Peter counted 93 Giants and Redskins fans who stopped him to take selfies. “It didn’t matter which team they were rooting for, they would just say, ‘Hey, it’s mini-McAdoo,’ ” Peter said. Inside FedEx Field, it seemed as if every security guard took a picture of Peter. At least one high-profile person, however, probably won’t be dressing as McAdoo. Gov. Chris Christie of New Jersey recently asked on WFAN radio in New York, “Do you think Ben McAdoo will get a real haircut if they make the playoffs?” Later, Christie, who is a Dallas Cowboys fan, referred to McAdoo’s “haircut
and cheesy mustache.” McAdoo, 39, whose team will face the Green Bay Packers in an N.F.C. wild-card game on Sunday, tends to brush off talk, good or bad. He says he works 16 to 18 hours a day devising game plans and practice regimens, yet he seems aware of what is said and written about him, at least in mainstream news media outlets. He also has a dry wit and is not easily rattled. When he was asked about Christie a day after the critique, as the Giants were preparing for a game against the Detroit Lions and their quarterback Matthew Stafford, McAdoo paused and deadpanned: “Again, Matt Stafford does a nice job.” “Is Stafford your stylist?” a reporter pressed. McAdoo did not flinch. “They’re playing well up front on defense,” he said of the Lions. “They can get after the quarterback.” (The Giants won, 17-6.) The social media community has not been drawn exclusively to McAdoo’s sideline presence. Since all Giants postand pregame news conferences can now be viewed on multiple websites, it has been easy for fans to chronicle a collection of McAdoo-isms. McAdoo’s proclivity for referring to a football as the Duke, as in “We’ve got to protect the Duke,” became a rallying cry painted on banners at tailgate parties. The phrase got more notice when McAdoo’s players began parroting it in daily briefings with reporters. This most likely
Seattle quarterback Russell Wilson is looking to remain unbeaten at home in the postseason.
Lions (9-7) at Seahawks (10-5-1)
Peter Costigan, above, a 12-year-old from Wayne, Pa., impersonated Ben McAdoo, top left, last week at the Giants’ regular-season finale in Washington. happened because McAdoo, who regularly instructs his team in football history, knows that N.F.L. footballs are embossed with “The Duke,” in homage to the former Giants owner Wellington Mara, whose boyhood nickname was Duke. McAdoo also speaks of a desire for the team to be “heavy handed,” and likes players who “get their jersey dirty.” He encourages his charges to keep their focus on what they can control, or as McAdoo characteristically puts it: “Farm your own land.”
And as almost every Giants fan, or McAdoo fan, must know by now, almost any question to McAdoo, regardless of the topic, might elicit this response: “We want a team that is sound, smart and tough, and committed to discipline and poise.” With the Giants’ record a surprising 11-5 this season, by next year there may be several McAdoo copycats on N.F.L. sidelines. They won’t be 12 years old, but newly hired, first-year head coaches who will be, so to speak, in McAdoo’s image. If the internet can handle that.
8:15 p.m. Line: Seahawks by 8 Seahawks quarterback Russell Wilson has never lost a playoff game at home. But then, he has never been asked to do so without the Pro Bowl services of safety Earl Thomas and running back Marshawn Lynch, who retired after last season. In Wilson’s 10th postseason home game in five years, he will have to compensate for his team’s suddenly vulnerable pass defense and 25thranked rushing offense if the Seahawks, the N.F.C. West champions, are to advance. Wilson has the requisite accuracy (64.7 percent completion rate) to pick apart the Lions’ secondary; Detroit’s opponents completed 72.7 percent of their passes, an N.F.L. season record. As shaky as Seattle’s offensive line has been, it won’t capitulate to a Detroit pass rush that has 26 sacks, the second fewest in the league. The Lions have lost three consecutive games since Matthew Stafford dislocated his finger, tumbling from the N.F.C. North leaders to the last wildcard team. Stafford’s ability to throw will determine if the Lions win a playoff game for the first time since 1991, and one on the road for the first time since 1957. PICK: SEAHAWKS
All times are Eastern. Picks do not reflect the betting line.
D4
0
THE NEW YORK TIMES, SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 2017
N
S C O R E B OA R D
U.S. Says Russians Led WADA Cyberattack By REBECCA R. RUIZ
United States intelligence officials have determined that last year’s cyberattacks on the World Anti-Doping Agency originated with the Russian government, perpetrated in apparent retaliation for what President Vladimir V. Putin deemed to be an American-led effort to defame Russia for widespread doping. That conclusion was published Friday in a declassified intelligence report ordered by President Obama. The report centered on Russia’s efforts to affect the 2016 American presidential election at Mr. Putin’s direction, while also referring to Russia’s related “influence efforts against targets such as Olympic athletes and other foreign governments.” “A prominent target since the 2016 Summer Olympics has been the World Anti-Doping Agency,” the report said. WADA, the global regulator of drugs in sports, commissioned numerous investigations into systematic Russian doping last year. In July, the agency recommended that Russia be barred from the 2016 Games in Rio de Janeiro
for its state-sponsored doping program, which persisted for years and spanned disciplines. Weeks later, the regulator discovered that its database containing the private medical information of international athletes had been breached. A group identifying itself as Fancy Bear — a Russian cyberespionage group that forensics experts had tied to the Russian government — published the records of athletes who had received special clearance to take typically banned substances for medical reasons. In Friday’s report, American intelligence officials concluded that the Fancy Bear hacking had originated with Russia’s main military intelligence unit, the G.R.U., which had also begun working to influence the American election in March. Many of the records stolen from the doping regulator related to American athletes, including Simone Biles, the gymnast who won numerous medals in Rio, and the tennis stars Venus and Serena Williams. The release of the records was an apparent attempt to discredit the athletes and paint the
United States as hypocritical, Friday’s report stated. On Friday, Catherine MacLean, a spokeswoman for the antidoping agency, pointed to the organization’s statement in September condemning the criminal activity and noted that the agency had “asked the Russian government to do everything in their power to make it stop.” Russian news media and sports officials have repeatedly invoked the stolen records in recent months, arguing that they are evidence of legalized doping and what they perceive to be the preferential treatment of Western athletes. Regulators and Olympic officials have repeatedly defended the affected athletes, noting that they followed proper procedure and received formal clearance. “Russia never had the opportunities that were given to other countries,” Vitaly Smirnov, a former top Russian sports official appointed by Mr. Putin to reform the nation’s antidoping system, said last month, referring to the hacked records as evidence. “The general feeling in Russia is that we didn’t have a chance.”
PRO BASKETBALL
PRO HOCKEY
N.B.A. STANDINGS EASTERN CONFERENCE Atlantic
W
Toronto
24
Boston
22
Knicks
17
L
Pct
W
L OT Pts GF GA
11 .686
—
Montreal
24
9 6 54 119
14 .611
2{
Ottawa
20 13 4 44
19 .472
7{
Toronto
18 12 8 44 117 111
25 .265 14{
Boston
20 17 4 44
27 .229
16
Tampa
19 17 4 42 114 117
Southeast
Pct
GB
Florida
17 15 8 42
95 109
20
16 .556
—
Detroit
17 17 5 39
97 109
Charlotte
20
17 .541
{
Buffalo
14 15 9 37
85 106
Washington
17
18 .486
2{
Orlando
16
22 .421
Miami
11
26 .297
Central
W
W
L
L
Metropolitan W
L OT Pts GF GA
5
Columbus
27
6 4 58 126
9{
Pittsburgh
25
8 5 55 133 107
Pct
GB
Cleveland
27
8 .771
—
Milwaukee
18
17 .514
9
Indiana
19
18 .514
9
Chicago
18
18 .500
9{
Detroit
17
21 .447 11{
WESTERN CONFERENCE Southwest
W
San Antonio
29
Houston Memphis
SOCCER
Manchester City Easily Defeats West Ham Manchester City swept aside West Ham, 5-0, to reach the fourth round of the F.A. Cup, bringing an upbeat end to a testing week for Coach Pep Guardiola. Midfielder Yaya Touré’s penalty, defender Havard Nordtveit’s own goal and a strike by midfielder David Silva made it 3-0 by halftime. Forward Sergio Agüero and defender John Stones added second-half goals to give Guardiola the easiest of introductions to the F.A. Cup, the oldest knockout competition in world soccer. As well as a solid win, it was a welcome relief for Guardiola, the former Barcelona and Bayern Munich coach who is still adapting to his first season in England. Guardiola had been facing criticism after recent erratic performances in the Premier League. City scraped past a gritty Burnley, 2-1, at home on Monday after a 1-0 defeat at Liverpool — City’s fourth league defeat of the season. HOCK EY
Maple Leafs Use Hot Start to Beat Devils Nazem Kadri ignited Toronto’s four-goal first period with a power-play score, and the Maple Leafs beat the host Devils, 4-2. Kadri and Tyler Bozak each had a goal and an assist, Auston Matthews scored his 21st goal and his fellow rookie Connor Brown beat Devils goaltender Cory Schneider with a short-handed goal while helping the Maple Leafs to their sixth win in seven games. Frederik Andersen made 30 saves for Toronto, giving up late goals to P. A. Parenteau and Jon Merrill in the final 3 minutes 24 seconds.
All news by The Associated Press unless noted.
PHILIPP GUELLAND/EUROPEAN PRESSPHOTO AGENCY
PRO BASKE T BAL L
Knicks Rally From an 18-Point Deficit Carmelo Anthony had 26 points and 10 assists, including a clutch 3-pointer late in the fourth quarter, and the visiting Knicks stormed back from an 18-point deficit to beat the Milwaukee Bucks, 116-111, and stop their six-game losing streak. Kristaps Porzingis, who returned after a three-game absence because of a sore left Achilles’ tendon, added 24 points for the Knicks. With less than a minute remaining, Anthony drained a 3-pointer to put the Knicks in front, 112-111. On the ensuing possession, Lance Thomas stripped the Bucks’ Giannis Antetokounmpo, leading to a fast-break dunk by Courtney Lee. Antetokounmpo and Jabari Parker had 25 points apiece for Milwaukee. Ryan Anderson had 19 points, all in the second half, and Eric Gordon scored 17 off the bench as the Houston Rockets extended their winning streak to seven games with a 100-93 victory over the host Orlando Magic. • John Wall had a season-high 18 assists and scored 18 points to help the Washington Wizards beat the visiting Minnesota Timberwolves, 112-105, for their ninth straight home victory. • Avery Bradley had 26 points and 9 rebounds, and the host Boston Celtics rallied in the fourth quarter to beat the Philadelphia 76ers, 110-106. AROUND THE N.B.A.
GOL F
Co-Leaders Record Late Birdies in Hawaii Ryan Moore and Justin Thomas finished strong and shared the lead going into the weekend at the SBS Tournament of Champions in Kapalua, Hawaii. Moore birdied four of his last five holes, shooting a sixunder-par 67. He played in the same group with Thomas, who closed with two birdies for a 67. The leaders were at 12-under 134 and were one shot ahead of Patrick Reed (65) and Jimmy Walker (70). Hideki Matsuyama, going for his fourth straight victory, settled for a 68 and was three behind.
24
Phila.
20 15 5 45 118 125
9 5 53 110
83
Carolina
17 15 7 41 100 105
Devils
16 17 7 39
Islanders
15 15 6 36 104 113
94 119
SATURDAY'S GAMES
19 16 4 42
19 18 3 41 100 116
26 .333 19{
Arizona
11 22 5 27
SUNDAY'S GAMES
25 .324 19{
NOTE: Two points for a win, one point for overtime loss.
7 .806
—
29
9 .763
1
22
16 .579
8
New Orleans
14
23 .378 15{
Dallas
11
25 .306 L
18
Pct
GB
Central
W
L OT Pts GF GA
Chicago
25 12 5 55 115 102
Minnesota
24
St. Louis
20 14 5 45 110 115
9 4 52 118
80
Nashville
17 15 7 41 110 105
Winnipeg
19 19 3 41 113 122
Dallas
16 15 8 40 100 117
Colorado
12 25 1 25
6{
Pacific
W
Utah
22
15 .595
—
Oklahoma City
21
16 .568
1
Portland
16
22 .421
77 129
L OT Pts GF GA
Denver
14
22 .389
7{
San Jose
23 14 2 48
Minnesota
11
25 .306 10{
Anaheim
20 12 8 48 109 109
99
87
Pct
GB
Edmonton
20 13 7 47 115 107
Golden State
31
5 .861
—
Calgary
21 17 2 44 109 112
L.A. Clippers
24
14 .632
8
Sacramento
15
20 .429 15{
L.A. Lakers
13
Phoenix
12
W
L
Knicks at Indiana, 7 New Orleans at Boston, 7:30 Denver at Oklahoma City, 8 Toronto at Chicago, 8 Utah at Minnesota, 8 Atlanta at Dallas, 8:30 Charlotte at San Antonio, 8:30 Detroit at Portland, 10
SUNDAY Philadelphia at Nets, 12 Washington at Milwaukee, 2 Miami at L.A. Clippers, 3:30 Houston at Toronto, 6 Utah at Memphis, 8 Cleveland at Phoenix, 8:30 Golden State at Sacramento, 9 Orlando at L.A. Lakers, 9:30
FG FT Reb NETS Min M-A M-A O-T A PTS Booker 31 6-9 1-1 1-12 4 13 Lopez 33 5-10 6-7 0-1 1 17 Bogdanovic31 9-14 0-0 0-2 4 23 Dinwiddie 17 2-3 3-3 0-5 2 7 Harris 18 1-9 0-0 3-6 1 2 Whitehead 30 4-10 2-3 1-10 3 10 LeVert 27 7-12 3-3 0-4 5 19 Kilpatrick 19 2-9 0-0 0-2 0 4 Hamilton 16 4-9 0-0 4-6 0 9 Hlls-Jffrsn 14 1-6 2-2 1-4 1 4 Totals 240 41-91 17-19 10-52 21 108 Percentages: FG .451, FT .895. 3-Point Goals: 9-30, .300 (Bogdanovic 5-9, LeVert 2-7, Lopez 1-2, Hamilton 1-3, Whitehead 0-1, Kilpatrick 0-3, Harris 0-5). Team Rebounds: 2. Team Turnovers: 19 (0 PTS). Blocked Shots: 1 (Hamilton). Turnovers: 19 (Lopez 5, Whitehead 4, Booker 3, Bogdanovic 2, Dinwiddie 2, Hamilton, Harris, LeVert). Steals: 6 (Hollis-Jefferson 2, Bogdanovic, Hamilton, Harris, Whitehead). Technical Fouls: Defensive three second, 4:34 second; team, 4:34 second; coach Kenny Atkinson, 1:35 second. Cleveland . . . . . 24 Nets . . . . . . . . . 20
26 19
36 30—116 29 40—108
94
96
82 124
THURSDAY Edmonton 4, Boston 3 Washington 5, Columbus 0 Nashville 6, Tampa Bay 1 Carolina 4, St. Louis 2 Chicago 4, Buffalo 3, OT Detroit 4, Los Angeles 0 Minnesota 5, San Jose 4
FRIDAY Toronto 4, Devils 2 Florida 2, Nashville 1 Chicago 2, Carolina 1 Islanders at Colorado Arizona at Anaheim Calgary at Vancouver
SATURDAY Winnipeg at Buffalo, 1 Tampa Bay at Philadelphia, 1 Minnesota at Los Angeles, 4 Edmonton at Devils, 7 Boston at Florida, 7 Rangers at Columbus, 7 Washington at Ottawa, 7 Montreal at Toronto, 7 Islanders at Arizona, 8 Dallas at St. Louis, 8 Vancouver at Calgary, 10 Detroit at San Jose, 10:30
COLLEGE FOOTBALL
N.H.L. LEADERS THROUGH JANUARY 5 Scoring . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . .
GP .32 .39 .41 .37 .34 .39 .37 .37 .38 .39
G 26 21 21 20 19 19 18 18 18 18
Connor McDavid Edmonton . . . Victor Hedman Tampa Bay . . . Patrick Kane Chicago . . . . . . . Evgeni Malkin Pittsburgh . . . . . Alexander Wennberg Columbus Phil Kessel Pittsburgh . . . . . . . Duncan Keith Chicago . . . . . . Ryan Getzlaf Anaheim . . . . . . Erik Karlsson Ottawa . . . . . . . Tyler Seguin Dallas . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . .
GP .40 .40 .41 .38 .37 .38 .41 .36 .37 .39
A 31 29 28 27 26 26 26 25 25 25
. . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . .
GP PP .32 9 .37 8 .37 8 .39 8 .40 8 .40 8 .35 7 .38 7 .38 7 .39 7
Sidney Crosby Pittsburgh . . Jeff Carter Los Angeles . . . Patrik Laine Winnipeg . . . . . Auston Matthews Toronto . . David Pastrnak Boston . . . . Vladimir Tarasenko St. Louis Artem Anisimov Chicago . . . Cam Atkinson Columbus . . . Alex Ovechkin Washington. . Max Pacioretty Montreal . . .
. . . . . . . . . .
Assists
Power Play Goals Sidney Crosby Pittsburgh . . . . Cam Atkinson Columbus . . . . . Brayden Schenn Philadelphia . . Shea Weber Montreal . . . . . . . Leon Draisaitl Edmonton . . . . . Wayne Simmonds Philadelphia . Nick Foligno Columbus . . . . . . Patrick Eaves Dallas. . . . . . . . Matt Moulson Buffalo . . . . . . . Jeff Carter Los Angeles . . . . .
COLLEGE BASKETBALL
Friday At Queensland Tennis Centre Brisbane, Australia Singles Men Quarterfinals Stan Wawrinka (2), Switzerland, d. Kyle Edmund, Britain, 6-7 (2), 6-4, 6-4. Kei Nishikori (3), Japan, d. Jordan Thompson, Australia, 6-1, 6-1. Grigor Dimitrov (7), Bulgaria, d. Dominic Thiem (4), Austria, 6-3, 4-6, 6-3. Milos Raonic (1), Canada, d. Rafael Nadal (5), Spain, 4-6, 6-3, 6-4. Women Semifinals Alize Cornet, France, d. Garbine Muguruza (4), Spain, 4-1, retired. Karolina Pliskova (3), Czech Republic, d. Elina Svitolina (6), Ukraine, 6-2, 6-4. Doubles Women Semifinals Bethanie Mattek-Sands, United States, and Sania Mirza (1), India, d. Hsieh Su-wei, Taiwan, and Laura Siegemund, Germany, 6-4, 6-3. Ekaterina Makarova and Elena Vesnina (2), Russia, d. Abigail Spears, United States, and Katarina Srebotnik (3), Slovenia, 6-1, 6-3.
QATAR OPEN Friday At The Khalifa International Tennis & Squash Complex Doha, Qatar Singles Semifinals Novak Djokovic (2), Serbia, d. Fernando Verdasco, Spain, 4-6, 7-6 (7), 6-3. Andy Murray (1), Britain, d. Tomas Berdych (3), Czech Republic, 6-3, 6-4. Doubles Championship Jeremy Chardy and Fabrice Martin, France, d. Vasek Pospisil, Canada, and Radek Stepanek (3), Czech Republic, 6-4, 7-6 (3).
. . . . . . . Drexel 45 . . . . . . . Siena 57 . . . . Boston U. 59 . William & Mary 60 UNC-Wilmington 52 . . . . . . Hofstra 57 . . . . .
. . . . .
. . . . .
. . . . .
Evansville . . Bradley . Illinois St. Wichita St. . S. Illinois
65 51 61 62 49
. . . .
. . . .
. . . .
. . . .
. . . .
44 56 56 73
. . . Utah . Arizona California . . UCLA
EAST Baruch 65 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lehman Monmouth (NJ) 92 . . . . . . . . . . Iona Rider 73 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marist SOUTH Barton 89 . . . . . . Southern Wesleyan Limestone 76 . . . . . . . . . Mount Olive Tenn. Wesleyan 100 . . . . St. Andrews MIDWEST Akron 66 . . . . . . . . . . . . W. Michigan Dayton 67 . . . . . . . . . . Rhode Island Green Bay 80 . . . . . . . . . Milwaukee Ill.-Chicago 78 . . . . . . . . . . . Detroit
30 33—116 31 15—111
TENNIS BRISBANE INTERNATIONAL
WOMEN’S SCORES
FG FT Reb KNICKS Min M-A M-A O-T A PTS Anthony 39 8-20 6-9 0-6 10 26 Porzingis 29 9-14 3-4 0-6 0 24 Noah 20 4-6 0-0 5-9 1 8 Lee 34 3-5 3-4 1-2 3 11 Rose 31 4-14 4-4 0-2 8 12 O’Quinn 25 4-9 1-2 4-8 1 9 Thomas 20 4-4 0-0 1-2 0 10 Kuzminskas13 3-5 0-0 0-1 1 7 Baker 12 1-3 4-4 0-2 4 6 Holiday 8 1-2 0-0 0-1 0 3 Jennings 4 0-1 0-0 0-1 1 0 Totals 240 41-83 21-27 11-40 29 116 Percentages: FG .494, FT .778. 3-Point Goals: 13-23, .565 (Anthony 4-5, Porzingis 3-4, Thomas 2-2, Lee 2-3, Holiday 1-2, Kuzminskas 1-3, Jennings 0-1, Rose 0-1, Baker 0-2). Team Rebounds: 11. Team Turnovers: 14 (17 PTS). Blocked Shots: 6 (Porzingis 3, O’Quinn 2, Lee). Turnovers: 14 (Noah 4, Anthony 2, Jennings 2, Thomas 2, Kuzminskas, Lee, Porzingis, Rose). Steals: 5 (O’Quinn 2, Anthony, Lee, Thomas). Technical Fouls: Noah, 7:20 second.
21 32
All Times EST MONDAY, JAN. 9 College Football Championship Tampa, Fla. Alabama (14-0) vs. Clemson (13-1), 8:30 p.m. (ESPN) SATURDAY, JAN. 21 East-West Shrine Classic ST. PETERSBURG, Fla. West vs. East, 3 p.m. (NFL) NFLPA Collegiate Bowl CARSON, Calif. National vs. American, 4 p.m. SATURDAY, JAN. 28 Senior Bowl MOBILE, Ala. South vs. North, 2:30 p.m. (NFL)
EAST Elon 48 . . . . . . . . . . Fairfield 61 . . . . . . . Navy 62 . . . . . . . . . SOUTH Coll. of Charleston 70 Delaware 63 . . . . . . James Madison 93 . . MIDWEST Drake 82. . . . . . . . . Indiana St. 58 . . . . . Loyola of Chicago 64 Missouri St. 73 . . . . . N. Iowa 79 . . . . . . . FAR WEST Arizona St. 66 . . . . . Colorado 65. . . . . . . Oregon St. 66 . . . . . Washington St. 82 . .
MEN’S SCORES
FG FT Reb MILWAUKEEMinM-A M-A O-T A PTS Anttknmpo 38 9-21 5-6 2-6 2 25 Henson 20 1-4 2-2 1-6 1 4 Parker 38 10-18 1-4 1-4 5 25 Snell 38 5-6 0-0 0-3 0 13 Brogdon 30 4-9 2-2 0-6 5 10 Monroe 27 6-11 7-10 2-7 4 19 Terry 17 0-0 1-1 0-2 5 1 Teletovic 16 3-5 2-2 0-1 0 11 Beasley 12 1-4 1-1 0-0 2 3 Totals 240 39-78 21-28 6-35 24 111 Percentages: FG .500, FT .750. 3-Point Goals: 12-22, .545 (Parker 4-6, Snell 3-4, Teletovic 3-5, Antetokounmpo 2-5, Beasley 0-1, Brogdon 0-1). Team Rebounds: 8. Team Turnovers: 14 (17 PTS). Blocked Shots: 10 (Antetokounmpo 5, Henson 2, Snell 2, Monroe). Turnovers: 14 (Antetokounmpo 5, Beasley 2, Parker 2, Terry 2, Brogdon, Monroe, Snell). Steals: 9 (Antetokounmpo 2, Monroe 2, Snell 2, Terry 2, Teletovic). Technical Fouls: None.
MIAMI at PITTSBURGH DNP: CB Byron Maxwell (ankle), S Bacarri Rambo (chest), QB Ryan Tannehill (knee). LIMITED: LB Jelani Jenkins (knee). FULL: CB Tony Lippett (thigh), C Kraig Urbik (knee).: DNP: LB Anthony Chickillo (ankle), S Robert Golden (ankle), DE Ricardo Mathews (ankle), RB DeAngelo Williams (not injury related), LB Vince Williams (shoulder). FULL: WR Sammie Coates (hamstring), CB Justin Gilbert (shoulder), TE Ladarius Green (concussion), TE Xavier Grimble (ribs), DE Stephon Tuitt (knee). GIANTS AT GREEN BAY DNP: DE Jason Pierre-Paul (core muscle). LIMITED: TE Jerell Adams (shoulder), S Nat Berhe (concussion), CB Janoris Jenkins (back), DE Owamagbe Odighizuwa (hamstring), CB Coty Sensabaugh (ankle). FULL: G Bobby Hart (forearm).: DNP: LB Julius Peppers (not injury related), CB Quinten Rollins (neck, concussion), RB James Starks (concussion), LB Joe Thomas (back). LIMITED: WR Randall Cobb (ankle), LB Jayrone Elliott (hand), G T.J. Lang (foot), LB Nick Perry (hand), CB Damarious Randall (knee). FULL: T Bryan Bulaga (abdomen), LB Clay Matthews (shoulder), RB Aaron Ripkowski (hamstring), T Jason Spriggs (shoulder), C J.C. Tretter (knee).
BOWL SCHEDULE
KNICKS 116, BUCKS 111
Knicks. . . . . . . . 32 Milwaukee . . . . . 33
N.F.L. INJURY REPORT
Vancou.
GB
FG FT Reb CLEVELANDMinM-A M-A O-T A PTS James 35 14-20 8-10 0-9 6 36 Love 36 5-16 3-3 3-13 2 17 Thompson 30 3-3 4-13 2-9 2 10 Irving 35 10-26 9-9 0-3 4 32 Liggins 17 2-4 0-0 0-3 1 5 Shumpert 29 2-3 4-4 0-1 2 8 Frye 24 2-6 0-0 0-5 0 5 Jefferson 15 0-3 2-2 0-1 1 2 McRae 10 0-5 1-2 0-1 1 1 Felder 4 0-2 0-0 0-1 0 0 Totals 240 38-88 31-43 5-46 19 116 Percentages: FG .432, FT .721. 3-Point Goals: 9-33, .273 (Love 4-9, Irving 3-9, Liggins 1-3, Frye 1-4, Felder 0-1, James 0-1, Shumpert 0-1, Jefferson 0-2, McRae 0-3). Team Rebounds: 14. Team Turnovers: 12 (0 PTS). Blocked Shots: 3 (Thompson 2, Frye). Turnovers: 12 (James 5, Love 4, Thompson 2, Jefferson). Steals: 14 (Frye 4, Thompson 3, Irving 2, James 2, Liggins 2, Shumpert). Technical Fouls: Liggins, 00:04 second.
Participants in the annual horn sledge race in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany.
27 13 1 55 141 103
Wash.
L.A.
L
CAVALIERS 116, NETS 108
A TRADITIONAL RACE
Rangers
OAKLAND at HOUSTON DNP: S Nate Allen (concussion), QB erek Carr (ankle), T Donald Penn (knee). LIMITED: WR Amari Cooper (shoulder), WR Michael Crabtree (ankle), WR Andre Holmes (shoulder), S Karl Joseph (toe), QB Matthew McGloin (left shoulder), G Kelechi Osemele (ankle), LB Malcolm Smith (hamstring). FULL: T Austin Howard (shoulder), DT Stacy McGee (groin).: DNP: QB Tom Savage (concussion), LB John Simon (chest). LIMITED: G Jeff Allen (ankle), CB A.J. Bouye (groin), T Chris Clark (ankle), S Quintin Demps (hamstring), RB Jay Prosch (ankle, knee). FULL: DE Jadeveon Clowney (elbow, wrist), LB Brian Cushing (ankle), TE Ryan Griffin (quadricep), CB Kareem Jackson (neck), S Don Jones (elbow), CB Johnathan Joseph (ribs, shoulder), RB Lamar Miller (ankle), K Nick Novak (shoulder). DETROIT AT SEATTLE LIMITED: LB DeAndre Levy (knee), T Riley Reiff (hip), WR Andre Roberts (shoulder), C Travis Swanson (concussion).: DNP: DE Michael Bennett (not injury related), TE Jimmy Graham (not injury related), DT Tony McDaniel (concussion), RB C.J. Prosise (shoulder).
Pct
W
79
WESTERN CONFERENCE
SATURDAY
NADAL LOSES IN BRISBANE The defending champion Milos Raonic defeated Rafael Nadal, 4-6, 6-3, 6-4, in a quarterfinal at the Brisbane International in Australia. Raonic, the top seed, served 23 aces and hit 50 winners to 19 for the fifth-seeded Nadal, who converted one of his seven break-point opportunities. Raonic will play seventh-seeded Grigor Dimitrov — who defeated Dominic Thiem, 6-3, 4-6, 6-3 — in a semifinal. Second-seeded Stan Wawrinka and third-seeded Kei Nishikori will meet in the other semifinal. In the women’s bracket, third-seeded Karolina Pliskova will play Alizé Cornet in the final.
98 101
Atlanta
Cleveland 116, Nets 108 Knicks 116, Milwaukee 111 Houston 100, Orlando 93 Washington 112, Minnesota 105 Boston 110, Philadelphia 106 L.A. Clippers at Sacramento Memphis at Golden State Miami at L.A. Lakers
The defending champion Novak Djokovic survived five match points on Friday to beat Fernando Verdasco and set up a Qatar Open final against top-ranked Andy Murray. Murray had far less trouble winning his semifinal in Doha, beating Tomas Berdych to extend his winning streak to 28 matches. Djokovic, ranked No. 2 in the world, prevailed, 4-6, 7-6 (7), 6-3, after the 42nd-ranked Verdasco, a crafty left-hander and a former top-10 player, controlled the first two sets until the latter stages of the tiebreaker. Murray had no such trouble as he advanced, 6-3, 6-4, against Berdych. Murray had 10 aces and 22 winners in a convincing performance to become the first player to reach four finals at the Qatar Open. “It’s a great match against Novak to look forward to,” Murray said. “This has been the perfect week to get ready for the Australian Open.” Although Murray beat Djokovic in the final of last year’s season-ending ATP finals, Djokovic is 24-11 over all against Murray. Djokovic said he and Murray always have “very physical battles, long rallies, entertaining matches.” He added, “Between one and two in the world, it’s a perfect matchup.”
98
8
FRIDAY
Murray to Face Djokovic in Qatar Open Final
90
94
9
THURSDAY
TENNIS
All Times EST WILD-CARD PLAYOFFS Saturday Oakland at Houston, 4:35 p.m. (ESPN) Detroit at Seattle, 8:15 p.m. (NBC) Sunday Miami at Pittsburgh, 1:05 p.m. (CBS) Giants at Green Bay, 4:40 p.m. (FOX) DIVISIONAL PLAYOFFS Saturday, Jan. 14 Seattle, Green Bay or Giants at Atlanta, 4:35 p.m. (FOX) Houston, Oakland or Miami at New England, 8:15 p.m. (CBS) Sunday, Jan. 15 Pittsburgh, Houston or Oakland at Kansas City, 1:05 p.m. (NBC) Green Bay, Giants or Detroit at Dallas, 4:40 p.m. (FOX) CONFERENCE CHAMPIONSHIPS Sunday, Jan. 22 AFC TBD NFC TBD PRO BOWL Sunday, Jan. 29 At Orlando, Fla. AFC vs. NFC, 8 p.m. (ESPN) SUPER BOWL Sunday, Feb. 5 At Houston TBD, 6:30 p.m. (FOX)
Atlantic
Indiana 121, Nets 109 Detroit 115, Charlotte 114 Toronto 101, Utah 93 Atlanta 99, New Orleans 94 Houston 118, Oklahoma City 116 Phoenix 102, Dallas 95 San Antonio 127, Denver 99 Portland 118, L.A. Lakers 109
FIONA GOODALL/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES
EASTERN CONFERENCE GB
Nets
Pacific
Bangladesh’s Rubel Hossain bowling Friday during a T20 match in Mount Maunganui, New Zealand.
N.F.L. PLAYOFF SCHEDULE
Philadelphia
Northwest
CRICKET
PRO FOOTBALL
N.H.L. STANDINGS
63 74 62 59 51 79 59 64 74 64
SOCCER
Friday At ASB Bank Tennis Centre Auckland, New Zealand Singles Semifinals Lauren Davis, United States, d. Jelena Ostapenko (7), Latvia, 4-6, 6-4, 4-1 retired. Ana Konjuh (8), Croatia, d. Julia Goerges, Germany, 6-3, 4-6, 6-3. Doubles Semifinals Demi Schuurs, Netherlands, and Renata Voracova, Czech Republic, d. Gabriela Dabrowski, Canada, and Yang Zhaoxuan (4), China, 7-5, 6-2. Kiki Bertens, Netherlands, and Johanna Larsson (3), Sweden, d. Kirsten Flipkens, Belgium, and Jelena Ostapenko, Latvia, walkover.
HOPMAN CUP
ENGLISH PREMIER LEAGUE Team GP Chelsea . . . . . 20 Liverpool . . . . . 20 Tottenham. . . . 20 Manchester City 20 Arsenal . . . . . . 20 Man. United . . 20 Everton. . . . . . 20 West Bromwich 20 Bournemouth . . 20 Southampton . . 20 Stoke . . . . . . . 20 Burnley . . . . . . 20 West Ham . . . . 20 Watford . . . . . 20 Leicester. . . . . 20 Middlesbrough . 20 Crystal Palace . 20 Sunderland . . . 20 Swansea. . . . . 20 Hull . . . . . . . . 20
ASB CLASSIC
W 16 13 12 13 12 11 8 8 7 6 6 7 6 6 5 4 4 4 4 3
D 1 5 6 3 5 6 6 5 4 6 6 2 4 4 6 7 4 3 3 4
L 3 2 2 4 3 3 6 7 9 8 8 11 10 10 9 9 12 13 13 13
Wednesday's Game Tottenham 2, Chelsea 0 Saturday, Jan. 14 Tottenham vs. West Bromwich Sunderland vs. Stoke Hull vs. Bournemouth Burnley vs. Southampton Watford vs. Middlesbrough Swansea vs. Arsenal West Ham vs. Crystal Palace Leicester vs. Chelsea
GF 42 48 39 41 44 31 28 28 29 19 24 22 23 23 24 17 30 19 23 17
GA 15 23 14 22 22 19 23 24 34 25 32 31 35 36 31 22 37 37 45 44
Pts 49 44 42 42 41 39 30 29 25 24 24 23 22 22 21 19 16 15 15 13
Friday At Perth Arena Perth, Australia Round Robin Group A Germany 2, Britain 1 Heather Watson, Britain, d. Andrea Petkovic, Germany, 6-2, 7-6 (3). Alexander Zverev, Germany, d. Dan Evans, Britain, 6-4, 6-3. Petkovic and Zverev def. Watson and Evans, 4-2, 4-2. France 2, Switzerland 1 Roger Federer, Switzerland, d. Richard Gasquet, France, 6-1, 6-4. Kristina Mladenovic, France, d. Belinda Bencic, Switzerland, 6-4, 2-6, 6-3. Mladenovic and Gasquet def. Bencic and Federer 4-2, 4-2. Final Standings: France 3-0, Switzerland 2-1, Germany 1-2, Britain 0-3.
SHENZHEN OPEN Friday At Longgang Tennis Center Shenzhen, China Singles Semifinals Katerina Siniakova, Czech Republic, d. Johanna Konta (3), Britain, 1-6, 6-4, 6-4. Alison Riske (8) United States, d. Camila Giorgi, Italy, 6-3, 6-3. Doubles Semifinals Andrea Hlavackova, Czech Republic, and Peng Shuai (2), China, d. Natela Dzalamidze and Veronika Kudermetova, Russia, 6-4, 6-2.
THE NEW YORK TIMES, SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 2017
D5
N
TENNIS
A â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Tennis Heavenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Designed to Develop American Champions By DAVID WALDSTEIN
ORLANDO, Fla. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; After a twoand-a-half-hour drive up from her tennis academy in Boca Raton, Fla., on Wednesday evening, Chris Evert and her brother John arrived at the United States Tennis Associationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s gleaming new facility and were struck by the sheer size of it. With 100 courts, a dormitory, a strength and conditioning center, a cafe and ample parking, the complex in the Lake Nona community dwarfs most other tennis academies, including Evertâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s, which had been renting out space to the U.S.T.A. for years. The 64-acre, $63 million campus, which formally opened on Thursday, was built to grow the game at the grass-roots level and to develop future Grand Slam champions, something American tennis has been lacking beyond Serena and Venus Williams. â&#x20AC;&#x153;They make a lot of money at the U.S. Open, and they should put it back into developing tennis at every level,â&#x20AC;? Chris Evert said at the opening ceremony on Thursday. â&#x20AC;&#x153;That is what I am really impressed with.â&#x20AC;? Since Andy Roddick won the United States Open in 2003, no American man has won a Grand Slam singles title. No American woman other than 35-year-old Serena Williams or 36-year-old Venus Williams has won a major singles championship since Jennifer Capriati at the 2002 Australian Open. The national campus was intended to address that void, while also enhancing the sport at every level, â&#x20AC;&#x153;from cradle to grave,â&#x20AC;? as Gordon Smith, the U.S.T.A.â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s proud executive director and chief operating officer, put it. A child can learn how to hold a racket and begin playing the game on a smaller, 36-foot court. A top professional can prepare for
the Australian Open on the same type of surface used in Melbourne. The center will host recreational tournaments, including a 90-and-over tournament this year; home matches for the University of Central Florida; and a gay and lesbian event. If you plunk down $12 for an hour, you can play there, too. The facility is open to the public without membership and is said to be entirely accessible to players with disabilities. â&#x20AC;&#x153;This is tennis heaven,â&#x20AC;? said Katrina Adams, the U.S.T.A.â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s president and a former tour professional, who later changed into tennis gear and drove some forehands. She had her choice of surfaces: There are three kinds of hardcourts, green clay with a belowground watering system, and six red clay courts that were built using 450 tons of iron-rich crushed red brick imported from Cremona, Italy. The only thing missing is grass. There are 84 courts with cameras for live-streaming so that aunts and uncles in Idaho can watch their nieces and nephews play in tournaments. Thirty-two of the courts will be so-called smart courts, hooked up with analytical instrumentation that breaks down playersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; mechanics, from the angles they take getting to the ball to the spin rate on their forehands. The system, installed by PlaySight, provides courtside computer terminals so players and coaches can analyze performance on the spot. â&#x20AC;&#x153;What sets this place apart is that we are the most technologically sophisticated facility in the world,â&#x20AC;? Smith said. â&#x20AC;&#x153;We want to be at the cutting edge of technology and the digital world.â&#x20AC;? Visitors will need to be aware of
JENNIFER POTTHEISER/USTA
Chris Evert, center left, and Jim Courier, center right, at the U.S.T.A.â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s new campus in Orlando, Fla. the alligators, though. Jim Courier, the four-time Grand Slam champion who lives within sight of the facility and called it â&#x20AC;&#x153;the best in the world,â&#x20AC;? said the area was rife with them. With four ponds integrated on campus and larger Lake Nona nearby, it is inevitable that the creatures will arrive. â&#x20AC;&#x153;They get everywhere,â&#x20AC;? Courier said. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Do not feed them, and if they come after you, zigzag. Thatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s how you get away.â&#x20AC;? The facility will also train coaches, line judges and chair umpires, all of whom will be encouraged to take what they learned back to their home region. Just donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t call it a tennis academy. Off to one corner of the campus is the player development
area for the select few. It includes a lodge that can accommodate 40 players. But it is more of a temporary housing unit than a dormitory, and reflects the U.S.T.A.â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s changing approach toward aspiring professionals. In the past, select teenagers lived full time in one of the U.S.T.A.â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s facilities, like the Evert Academy. But when Patrick McEnroe was still director of player development, he ended that practice, and Martin Blackman, McEnroeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s successor in 2015, has maintained that policy. It was determined that when teenagers left home to live away and train full time, it came with social, emotional and academic costs. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Even though the training was
amazing,â&#x20AC;? Blackman said, â&#x20AC;&#x153;it created so much pressure, and their self-esteem was tied directly to their performance as a tennis player.â&#x20AC;? Now, players cycle through for limited periods, anywhere from a couple of days to a two-week maximum for specified camps. Some might focus on strength and conditioning, others on technical aspects of their game. The housing unit is clean and sparse, intended not to spoil players with luxury. There are no bigscreen televisions in the rooms; just a bed, a chair, a desk and a bathroom shared by two players. It is the one area of the campus off limits to the public. The facility is also designed to reflect the U.S.T.A.â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s new goal of
respecting and incorporating private coaches into the national developmental system. The organization now acknowledges criticism for its heavy-handed, paternalistic approach that caused friction and resentment in the past for muscling private coaches to the sideline. â&#x20AC;&#x153;If youâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re coaching and grinding and developing players and putting your heart and soul into it, and then the U.S.T.A. comes along after your player wins a national tournament and says: â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve got it. Weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ll take it from here,â&#x20AC;&#x2122; thatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s not a good feeling,â&#x20AC;? Blackman said. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve really gotten away from that.â&#x20AC;? Players can now come to the national campus with their coach. But if a coach does not come, a U.S.T.A. coach is supposed to consult with the private coach before the player arrives and after the player leaves. Any statistical data and all video, Blackman said, are to be shared with the private coaches. At the Evert Academy, where Blackman used to be based, there was not enough room to accommodate all of that, and too often he was turning down requests. â&#x20AC;&#x153;The big difference,â&#x20AC;? he said, â&#x20AC;&#x153;is that now we can say yes.â&#x20AC;? The U.S.T.A. will also maintain its smaller training facilities in Carson, Calif., and at the Billie Jean King National Tennis Center in Queens. Evert said she had little doubt that the Lake Nona facility would achieve its twin objectives of growing tennis and producing another No. 1 player like herself, even at the relatively small cost of forcing her to find a few more pupils to fill the newly created space at her academy. â&#x20AC;&#x153;We probably have to do a little more work,â&#x20AC;? she said, â&#x20AC;&#x153;but Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m fine with that because this was needed.â&#x20AC;?
COLLEGE FOOTBALL
Minnesota Turns to Western Michiganâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Fleck to Instill a Winning Culture By PAT BORZI
MINNEAPOLIS â&#x20AC;&#x201D; The digital thermometer on the TCF Bank Stadium scoreboard read 5 degrees when P. J. Fleck, hours into his tenure as head football coach at the University of Minnesota, stood behind a lectern to address a room full of reporters, university officials and boosters. Grabbing the lectern with both hands, the 5-foot-9 Fleck, wearing a charcoal suit, a maroon tie with diagonal white stripes and a gold
pocket square, opened by bellowing, â&#x20AC;&#x153;Ski-U-Mah!â&#x20AC;? â&#x20AC;&#x201D; a slogan used to cheer on the universityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s sports teams. Commanding the room like a preacher in a revival tent, he devoted the next 13 minutes to thanking people and selling his vision for Gophers football. He said he always dreamed about coaching in the Big Ten, which led him to depart Western Michigan, where he was comfortable. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m going to promise you a lot, because thatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s the way I live my life,â&#x20AC;? said Fleck, who, at 36, be-
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Knicks at Indiana MSG Butler at Georgetown FOX Pittsburgh at Syracuse IND DePaul at Seton Hall CBSSN East Carolina at Temple SNY Michigan State at Penn State ESPN Texas Christian at West Virginia ESPNU Massachusetts at Virginia Commonwealth NBCSN Texas A&M at South Carolina CBS Louisville at Georgia Tech IND Creighton at Providence CBSSN Boston College at Duke YES St. Johnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s at Xavier FS1 Clemson at Notre Dame ESPNU St. Josephâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s at Fordham NBCSN Maryland at Michigan ESPN2 Southern Illinois at Missouri State CBSSN Illinois at Indiana ESPNU George Mason at St. Bonaventure NBCSN Tennessee at Florida ESPN2 Nevada-Las Vegas at Utah State CBSSN Vanderbilt at Alabama ESPNU Texas Tech at Kansas ESPN2 Marquette at Villanova FS1 North Carolina State at North Carolina ESPN Duquesne at La Salle SNY Cincinnati at Houston ESPNU Texas at Iowa State ESPN2 San Diego State at Boise State ESPNU Nevada at New Mexico ESPN2 F.C.S. championship, Youngstown State vs. James Madison ESPN2 Oakland at Houston ABC, ESPN Detroit at Seattle NBC Tournament of Champions, third round NBC Tournament of Champions, third round GOLF Rangers at Columbus MSG2 Edmonton at Devils MSG+ Islanders at Arizona MSG+2 Michigan Tech at Notre Dame NBCSN England, Reading at Manchester United FS1 England, Wimbledon at Sutton United FS1 England, Rochdale at Barrow FS2 England, Arsenal at Preston North End FS1
MON 1/9
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7:00 p.m. Noon Noon Noon Noon 1:00 p.m. 1:00 p.m. 1:00 p.m. 1:30 p.m. 2:00 p.m. 2:00 p.m. 2:00 p.m. 2:30 p.m. 3:00 p.m. 3:00 p.m. 3:15 p.m. 4:00 p.m. 5:00 p.m. 5:00 p.m. 5:15 p.m. 6:00 p.m. 7:00 p.m. 7:15 p.m. 7:30 p.m. 8:00 p.m. 8:00 p.m. 9:00 p.m. 9:15 p.m. 11:00 p.m. 11:15 p.m. Noon 4:20 p.m. 8:15 p.m. 4:00 p.m. 6:00 p.m. 7:00 p.m. 7:00 p.m. 8:00 p.m. 7:00 p.m. 7:30 a.m. 10:00 a.m. 10:00 a.m. 12:30 p.m.
TUE 1/10
WED 1/11
THU 1/12
FRI 1/13
PHILADELPHIA CHICAGO
7 p.m.
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GREEN BAY GIANTS (PLAYOFFS) 4:40 P.M. SUNDAY
FOX
came the youngest head coach in a so-called Power 5 conference. He went on to describe his vision of winning conference titles, the Rose Bowl and even a national championship. Fleck, one of the countryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s most desirable coaches this off-season, arrived at Minnesota three days after Athletic Director Mark Coyle fired Tracy Claeys after a 9-4 season marred by a sexual assault investigation and a brief player boycott. Fleck elevated unheralded Western Michigan from a 1-11 record in 2013, his first season as a head coach, to 13-1 this season, losing only to Wisconsin, 24-16, in the Cotton Bowl. Claeys coached the Gophers to a Holiday Bowl victory, 17-12 over Washington State, in his first full season but fell short of a Big Ten West title despite a favorable schedule. Average attendance fell to 43,814, the lowest since 2002, and the final home game drew the smallest crowd (38,162) since TCF Bank Stadium opened in 2009. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Nine wins is a good season, and the Holiday Bowl is good,â&#x20AC;? Coyle said. â&#x20AC;&#x153;When we made the change, I made the comment to my wife, â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;We needed to shake the tree.â&#x20AC;&#x2122;â&#x20AC;? He added: â&#x20AC;&#x153;P. J., you just heard him talk. The thing that jumps out to me is his authentic energy and his passion. I think that attracts people. Obviously, we want to attract fans back.â&#x20AC;?
JIM MONE/ASSOCIATED PRESS
P. J. Fleck, 36, became the youngest head coach in a Power 5 conference. Fleck agreed to a five-year deal worth $18.5 million. The introduction of Fleck, who agreed to a five-year deal worth $18.5 million, was an uplifting moment for an athletic department still reeling from 18 months of well-publicized problems. Norwood Teague resigned as athletic director in August 2015 when a university investigation determined he sexually harassed two female university employees. Coyle, his successor, fired the wrestling coach J Robinson â&#x20AC;&#x201D; who led Minnesota to three national championships â&#x20AC;&#x201D; in September 2016 for allegedly interfer-
ing with police and university investigations into whether his wrestlers had sold Xanax, a prescription sedative. Last month, after an inquiry by the universityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Office of Equal Opportunity and Affirmative Action, 10 Gophers football players were suspended in connection with a sexual-assault investigation. The rest of the team, claiming a lack of due process, boycotted practices and demanded the players be reinstated. The boycott was called off two days later, shortly after the equal opportunity of-
U.S.C.â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Forgotten Passer Finds a Home PITTSBURGH (AP) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Max Browne spent four years at Southern California competing for the starting quarterback job, with mixed results at best. Next season, he will get one last shot 2,500 miles away. Sure, it is not quite the way he expected his college career to go. Yet Browne was hardly complaining while standing inside the University of Pittsburgh complex on Friday. He will spend the next year working on his masterâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s degree in customer insights and trying to win with Coach Pat Narduzzi and the Panthers. There are worse fates. A lot worse. â&#x20AC;&#x153;I know I can play at a high level,â&#x20AC;? Browne, 21, said. After two seasons backing up Cody Kessler at U.S.C., Browne finally earned the shot he had waited for by rising to the top of the depth chart in August. His stay there did not last long. After a brutal three-game stretch that included games against No. 1 Alabama and Stanford, Browne lost his grasp on the starting job. Coach Clay Helton gave the ball to the freshman Sam Darnold, who would rally the Trojans to a victory over Penn State in the Rose Bowl at the same time Browne was headed across the country to
begin the next chapter of his life. â&#x20AC;&#x153;It was a tough first three games,â&#x20AC;? said Browne, who completed 58 of 93 passes for 507 yards and two touchdowns, with two interceptions, in 2016. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Played some great opponents. But thatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s the product of S.C. in general. Youâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve always got someone behind you. Went out there, did what I felt I could. Things didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t work out. It is what it is. Happy to be here.â&#x20AC;? Narduzzi is happy to have him because the senior Nate Peterman â&#x20AC;&#x201D; a graduate transfer himself â&#x20AC;&#x201D; is moving on after helping the Panthers to consecutive 8-5 seasons. Petermanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s success acclimating so quickly was one of the many selling points for Browne, who made just one campus visit while exploring his options. A few days with Narduzzi and the coaching staff was all he needed. â&#x20AC;&#x153;It seemed like a perfect fit,â&#x20AC;? Browne said. â&#x20AC;&#x153;I wanted to pull the trigger right after.â&#x20AC;? Instead, Browne waited a bit, quietly moving out of his apartment after the Trojans granted him his release and returning briefly to his hometown in Sammamish, Wash., a suburb of Seattle. His only moments of trepidation in between committing to
the Panthers and arriving were last month, when the Pittsburgh offensive coordinator Matt Canada took the same job at Louisiana State â&#x20AC;&#x153;I had to do my due diligence,â&#x20AC;? Browne said. â&#x20AC;&#x153;There was a couple of calls involved.â&#x20AC;? The Panthers will also lose Peterman, the record-setting running back James Conner and key pieces from one of the nationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s best offensive lines. But they will return several playmakers, including wide receiver Quadree Henderson, who is also an allAmerican returner, and the 6-foot-3 wide receiver Jester Weah. Browne already has one fan in the city: Pittsburgh Steelers tight end Xavier Grimble. The two were at U.S.C. together in 2013, and they reunited during Browneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s visit to the city during the fall. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Heâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s got good pocket presence,â&#x20AC;? Grimble said Friday. â&#x20AC;&#x153;He can sit in the pocket and make the big throw.â&#x20AC;? It is getting on the field enough to showcase that talent that has been the issue. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Feel like Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve been a hardworking kid, dedicated kid,â&#x20AC;? Browne said. â&#x20AC;&#x153;When things donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t work your way, just want to fuel the fire.â&#x20AC;?
ficeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s 80-page report was leaked to a Minneapolis television station. The suspended players, who were not criminally charged, await appeal hearings. A tweet by Claeys supporting the boycott put him at odds with the administration. Coyle said Tuesday at a news conference that multiple factors contributed to the decision to fire Claeys, including the teamâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s eight targeting penalties and blown halftime leads in losses to Penn State, Nebraska and Wisconsin. Claeys, a longtime defensive coordinator under the former Gophers coach Jerry Kill, was in his first full season after Kill stepped down for health reasons in October 2015. The task awaiting Fleck is a little easier because Minnesota plays in the Big Tenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s West Division, which was formed before the 2014 season. Without annual games against Ohio State, Penn State and Michigan, it offers a less onerous path to the conference title game. The Gophersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; inability to win the division this year, with the Buckeyes and Wolverines off the schedule, was viewed as a disappointment inside and outside the program. Minnesota last won a Big Ten championship outright in 1941 (it shared titles in 1960 and 1967) and has not been to the Rose Bowl since 1961, when Ohio State declined an invitation. Several times Friday, Fleck referred to his slogan, â&#x20AC;&#x153;Row the Boat,â&#x20AC;? a hook for getting players to work toward a common goal. Fleck said he met with about 25 players earlier in the day and more via a live Facebook chat. â&#x20AC;&#x153;I am not here to change tradition,â&#x20AC;? Fleck said. â&#x20AC;&#x153;What I am here to do is change a culture, to change a movement, for us to create and experience things that the University of Minnesota has only dreamed of, and hasnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t accomplished since the late â&#x20AC;&#x2122;60s.â&#x20AC;?
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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 2017
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PRO BASKETBALL
Even With Mr. Whammy in Their Corner, Nets Are No Match for the Cavs By HOWARD MEGDAL
LeBron James, playing for a Cleveland Cavaliers team well ahead of the pack in the N.B.A.’s Eastern Conference, blew once on his hand, then delivered a flawless free throw CAVALIERS 116 during warmups before NETS 108 Friday night’s game against the Nets. Players often say that practice cannot match game conditions, and this was never truer than in the case of James’s free-throw shooting at Barclays Center. That is because James’s shots, before a 116-108 victory over the Nets, occurred before the arrival of Bruce Reznick, 80, a retired dentist from Brooklyn and a longtime Nets fan known as Mr. Whammy. Reznick was still en route to the arena via car service at the time with his wife, Judy, known as Mrs. Whammy. During the Nets’ games, Bruce Reznick stands a few feet in front of his seat behind the basket, jumps up and down and casts a spell on the visiting team’s players to make them miss free throws. The antics between Reznick and James represent the longeststanding tradition in the relatively short history of James’s visits to Brooklyn. In 2015, James reportedly asked to have Reznick returned to his seat. The Cavaliers denied this, and James declined to comment at the time. Reznick called James a “crybaby,” and his exile was short-lived. Even after bringing a longsought championship to Cleveland, James still did not have much to say about his Brooklyn foil. “I have no idea what you’re talking about,” James said before Friday’s game. When provided with a description, he said, “That older guy. Yeah, I’ve got no rivalry with him. You’re trying to create a story there.” Reznick does not see it that way. And considering James shot 62.5 percent from the free-throw line in 2015-16 at Barclays Center, well below his mark of 73.1 percent that season, Mr. Whammy may have a point. “I consider myself not just the rival of LeBron James but of every opposing player who comes through Barclays Center,” Reznick said, posing for selfies with fans after having arrived for Friday’s game. Sure enough, the Cavs finished just 8 of 18 from the free-throw line whenever they shot them on Reznick’s end of the court. Reznick and James faced off with 5 minutes 19 seconds left in the first quarter. “I know you can miss! Look at me! Gotta miss!” Reznick shouted, waving his arms next to the basket and jumping as James’s first shot rimmed out. But James has plenty of other things on his agenda, including the continued building of the Cav-
EARL WILSON/THE NEW YORK TIMES
Bruce Reznick, 80, above, a Nets fan known as Mr. Whammy, attempting to distract LeBron James as he shot a free throw on Friday night. James, driving to the basket, left, scored 36 points.
JASON SZENES/EUROPEAN PRESSPHOTO AGENCY
aliers as they defend their title. They made quick work of the Nets Friday, building a sizable cushion with a 13-0 run just before halftime. By the third quarter, the Cavs extended their lead to 24 points. The Nets fought back to cut the lead to single digits in the fourth,
but ultimately saw their record fall to 8-27, a mirror image of Cleveland’s 27-8. And the Cavs, it appears, are about to get even better. Kyle Korver is reportedly headed to Cleveland from the Atlanta Hawks, and although the trade has yet to happen, James and his
teammates sounded as if they had already begun counting the baskets that are sure to follow when James, who is second in the league on 3-point assists, teams up with Korver, a career 42.9 percent shooter from that distance. When a reporter pointed out Korver’s accuracy, James said:
A Showcase Of Skills And a Show Of Respect
James Harden led the Rockets to a 118-116 victory over the Thunder on Thursday night, despite 49 points from Russell Westbrook, right, his former teammate.
By SCOTT CACCIOLA
At the end, they embraced. After spending so much of the evening jostling for position and searching for daylight, James Harden of the Houston Rockets and Russell Westbrook of the Oklahoma City Thunder, two players in perpetual motion, finally stood still long enough to hug each other. It was a sign of mutual respect between former teammates. “He’s a problem, man,” Harden told David Aldridge of TNT after the game. “He never gives up, never quits.” The Rockets had outlasted the Thunder for a 118-116 victory at Toyota Center in Houston on Thursday night — a game that once again showcased the dynamic offense that these two players, both leading M.V.P. candidates, have produced this season. Westbrook finished with 49 points, 8 rebounds and 5 assists, while Harden collected 26 points, 8 rebounds and 12 assists as the Rockets (28-9) won their sixth straight. Perhaps the only surprise was that neither player had a tripledouble, but such is the high bar they have set for themselves. Westbrook has 16 triple-doubles this season. Harden has nine, and he is less than a week removed from assembling one of the most ridiculous stat lines in league history: 53 points, 17 assists and 16 rebounds in a win against the Knicks last Saturday. Harden was less explosive against the Thunder — he shot just 6 of 16 from the field — but was a pass-first facilitator for his teammates throughout, and especially on the one possession when it mattered most. With little time remaining in a tie game, Harden felt
BOB LEVEY/GETTY IMAGES
two defenders converge on him near the 3-point line. So he threw a dart to teammate Nene Hilario, who was fouled with seven-tenths of a second remaining. Hilario made both free throws, and the Rockets emerged victorious — despite having given up an 18-point lead. “No matter if it’s fourth quarter with three seconds to go or first quarter with 10 minutes to go, I’m going to make that pass,” Harden told reporters. “And my teammates know that.” Harden and Westbrook, who were teammates on the Thunder for three seasons, from 2009 to 2012, now personify the sort of plutonium-fueled offenses favored by many of the league’s elite teams: lots of transition opportunities, lots of 3-pointers, lots of points. Scoring across the league is up this season — Zach Lowe detailed many of the factors in an article on
ESPN.com — and one of the central figures in the movement, Rockets Coach Mike D’Antoni, had a courtside seat for Thursday’s game. In hindsight, D’Antoni was ahead of the curve when, as coach of the Phoenix Suns from 2003 to 2008, he had his players run at every opportunity. In later coaching stops with the Los Angeles Lakers and the Knicks, he had far less success. But with the Rockets this season, he got another opportunity. He has made the most of it. If the first half of the Rockets’ season is viewed as a referendum of D’Antoni’s offensive philosophies, well, it is difficult to see how they could be playing much better. On pace to demolish the league record for 3-pointers in a season, the Rockets are second in scoring behind the Golden State Warriors. More than just scoring in bunches, though, the Rockets are
winning with balance and efficiency. Consider their effort against the Thunder (21-16). All five starters scored at least 10 points, and Eric Gordon, who is leading the league in 3-pointers this season, came off the bench to score 22 points. “We’ve got a bunch of guys who can make a lot of shots,” D’Antoni told reporters. The Thunder, meanwhile, were highly reliant on Westbrook, who was outstanding and sank a career-best eight 3-pointers. But he also attempted 34 of his team’s 91 shots. Without Kevin Durant, who left for the Golden State Warriors last summer, Westbrook has been carrying an almost impossible load for the Thunder this season. On Thursday, he seemed fully capable of pulling off another feat — at least until Harden found a teammate for the winning play.
“It’ll go higher than that. We’ll get him the ball. He’s on the court for a reason.” Korver would help cover the loss of J. R. Smith, who is recovering from an operation on his thumb. The rest of Cleveland’s problems are short term. Kyrie Irving missed three games with a tight hamstring but returned on Friday night. James battled the flu. And Kevin Love lost 10 pounds after a bout with food poisoning that left him considering a trip to the hospital at 5 a.m. on New Year’s Day. Love did not offer a timetable for returning to sea bass, the offending dish on a team flight, saying instead he would stick with “chicken soup and the BRAT diet,” referring to a banana, rice, applesauce and toast regimen that helps alleviate stomach ailments. While the Cavaliers continued their pursuit of Korver, who would add an All-Star to a team that few think can be caught in the Eastern Conference, the Nets and Coach Kenny Atkinson found themselves playing Cleveland on the second night of a back-to-back, part of a stretch that takes them to
three cities between Thursday and Sunday. On top of the busy schedule, key players such as Jeremy Lin and Rondae Hollis-Jefferson were either missing or hampered by injury, further limiting an already thin roster. “I think we look at these situations like we’re going to compete,” Atkinson said before the game, “but we’re going to see if we can steal a couple things.” He added: “Whether it’s an outof-timeout play, the type of defense they’re playing, I feel like you can always pick up something. Maybe it’s a little more coach-driven, because we’re watching a lot more tape than the players, but Caris LeVert having to defend LeBron tonight, what a great learning experience.” James finished with 36 points. But Levert, a rookie guard who finished with 19, was not going it alone. He had some help. “I wish LeBron James, and every player who comes in here, good luck, good health, except when they come to Barclays Center,” Reznick said. “But here, they have to miss the shots.”
An All-Star Bid Supported By a Single Stat: Fan Votes By VICTOR MATHER
In the N.B.A.’s All-Star voting this season, a lot of names you might expect are at the top. LeBron James, Kyrie Irving, Kevin Durant, Stephen Curry, James Harden and Russell Westbrook have each cracked 400,000 votes. And so has Zaza Pachulia. For the second year in a row, Pachulia, the 32-year-old Golden State Warriors center from the Republic of Georgia, is getting vote totals that far exceed what his on-court performance would seem to deserve. Last season, when he played for the Dallas Mavericks, Pachulia finished fourth in Western Conference frontcourt voting behind Kobe Bryant, Durant and Kawhi Leonard, missing election by only 14,000 votes. This season, he ranks second behind Durant and is nearly 100,000 votes ahead of Leonard. It is a startling show of support for a player who is averaging 5.2 points a game this season and has never averaged more than 12.2 in his N.B.A. career. Last season’s surprise push for Pachulia was led by celebrity endorsers like the rapper Wyclef Jean, the teenage internet personality Hayes Grier and the president of Georgia, Giorgi Margvelashvili. Pachulia does have a following, and fans enjoy his occasional goofy celebration and unfamiliar accent. His memorable first name is probably also a factor. And don’t count out simple mischief. The stakes are a lot lower than in an important political election, so why not cast a “funny” vote? The situation is reminiscent of the N.H.L. All-Star Game last year, when a journeyman enforcer named John Scott rode a wave of good-humored fan support to an improbable berth on the team. Amid discomfort from the league and some purist fans, he was
MARCIO JOSE SANCHEZ/ASSOCIATED PRESS
A rule change makes it unlikely the Warriors’ Zaza Pachulia will be an All-Star.
A center averaging 5.2 points is a popular pick for a second year. traded and sent to the minor leagues. But he was allowed to play in the All-Star Game and scored twice to win the Most Valuable Player Award. The N.H.L. has since tweaked its rules to make minor leaguers ineligible for the game. A rule change in the N.B.A. means that despite his support, Pachulia will almost certainly not be suiting up as a starter for the game on Feb. 19 in New Orleans. Fan voting, formerly the sole criterion to determine starters, now accounts for only 50 percent. Media voting and player voting have been added and will count for 25 percent each. It is hard to see Pachulia finishing very high among either of those groups. And with coaches choosing the reserves, Pachulia probably won’t make the bench either.