PORTFOLIO DIEGO VALDIVIA
Diego Valdivia Luque
diegovaldivialuque@gmail.com / dvaldivialuque@outlook.com +44 7493217350 / +51 994605257 Flat 6 Canalside Studios 8-14 St. Pancras Way Camden London NW1 0QG
Education
Skills
Architectural Association School of Architecture M.Arch. - Distinction Emergent Technologies and Design
London, UK 2015 - 2017
Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas B.Arch.
Lima, Peru 2007 - 2014
Languages Spanish - native English - proficient speaker Softwares Rhinoceros 3D Grasshopper
Multi-objective optimization: Octopus Network Analysis: Space Syntax Environmental Analysis: Ladybug / Honeybee Structural Analysis: Karamba Interactive Simulation: Kangaroo Physics Data-loop: Anemone
Autodesk Autocad Autodesk Revit Architecture Adobe Photoshop / Indesign / Illustrator Sketchup Vray (Sketchup, Rhino) CAESAR Lisflood Microsoft Office Work Experience
Cheng+Franco Architects Architectural design, visualization and construction drawings: Housing building; Commercial buildings; Retail stores; Office building (International Competition).
Lima, Peru 2012 - 2014
Mantto Supervision and control the execution of building works, construction drawings for a housing building.
Lima, Peru 2012
Llama Urban Design Analysis of spatial and functional features of the city for an urban regeneration project.
Lima, Peru 2011
Competitions
Individual Projects
References
Eco-Offices International Competition Concept design developed with Cheng+Franco Architects
Lima, Peru 2012
GAGA - Archtiectural Review Rural Hotel in Cusco, Peru
Lima, Peru 2013
Nursery House Client: World Vision International Design and visualization drawings of a community child-care house. Community-based workshops of ideas for public spaces and community buildings.
Lima, Peru 2014 - 2015
Rural House Client: private Design and visualization drawings of a country summer house.
Lima, Peru 2010 - 2011
Dr. Michael Weinstock RIBA, FRSA Director Research and Development Director Emergent Technologies and Design Architectural Association School of Architecture mweinstock@aaschool.ac.uk 36 Bedford Square London WC1B 3ES T +44(0) 2078874000 Jorge Cheng Lo RIBA Part III, M_Arch / CAP Founder / Lead Architect at Cheng+Franco Architects T +51(1) 446 8146 jcheng@chengfranco.com
EMERGENT TECHNOLOGIES AND DESIGN
ARCHITECTURAL ASSOCIATION
Adaptive Urban Hillscapes
M.Arch Thesis Commendation - AA EmTech
Exponential migration in Chinese cities brings spatial and ecological issues, affecting the population’s food and water supply. While Shenzhen city has been a migrant magnet over the past decades, concerns emerge regarding new sources of supply to sustain development. Considering the amount of territory that urban-sprawl has appropriated from hillside green and farming areas, city planning comes today with the challenge of regaining supply sources and balancing the ecological effects of anthropogenic alteration of hill landscape. Under this scenario, this work focuses on the relationships between subsidiary ecosystems in the hill landscape to propose an urban system that adapts to its context, prompting human activity in coexistence with natural phenomena, all the while taking advantage of ecological forces for new sources of supply.
1.
2. 1. Urban sprawl taking over green and farm lands. Shenzhen 1988-2008 2. Landslide in hillside urbanization, Hiroshima 2014
Generating Land-Use Patterns Factor maps / weightages as genes Different factor maps are considered to provide values to the cells that define the patch. The sum of the factor values will result in a total value for each cell after the weightages of these values are re-iterated in a genetic algorithm obtaining variated results. The outcome of the GA is set to satisfy fitness criteria that will support the occupation of hillside in consideration of soil erosion hazards and farmland operation. Taking the fittest results from this process, further evaluation takes place to ensure a better operation of farming practices. 1. Elevation map
weightage (0.02-4.00)
Elevation: 0 - 302 m Remapped value: 5 - 1
Genes
2. Slope angle map
Threshold angle for vegetation and crop type
Factor map weightages
weightage (0.02-4.00)
Slope angle: 0o - 46o Remapped value: 5 - 1
3. Slope aspect map
weightage (0.02-4.00)
Synthesis Landuse map
Slope aspect: N, NW/NE, W/E, SW/SE, S Remapped value: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 RUSLE (Soil Loss) estimation
4. Land slide risk map
Fitness Criteria
GA OBJECTIVES
weightage (0.02-4.00)
loop
Landslides risk: Low, medium, high Remapped value: 5, 3, 1 5. Soil depth map
weightage (0.02-4.00)
a. Maximize Buildable cells b. Maximize average elevation of Forests c. Minimize soil loss due to Erosion (RUSLE estimation) d. Minimize cells in Erosion / Deposition zones
Soil depth: 6 - 10.5 m Remapped value: 1 - 5
POST-GA EVALUATION CRITERIA Number of production clusters Total farmland area Total south-oriented farmland area
Levels 1-3 Buildable land
Levels 1-3 / Production Clusters
Level 4 / Farmlands
Level 5 / Forests
Weightages & Threshold angles of Fittest result
Cells Area (ha)
49.09
Farmland - % South Facing - Num of South Facing Forest Constructive - Production
4323 57 % 2464 4492 4965 170
172.9 57 % 98.6 179.7 198.6 6.8
risk map elevation map
2.88 3.40
slope angle map soil depth map slope aspect map
0.15 1.99 1.01
threshold angle for tree types
10.1°
threshold angle for terrace types
24.9°
Design Strategies Individual design strategies for the 5km2 test patch follow the land-use map for the benefit of soil stabilization, supply systems and city integration. Slope, exposure and water runoff analysis are held to inform the different strategies on locating specific landscape elements where they are most needed. Most of these design outcomes will affect the urban development to attempt an interrelated piece of city that responds to the surrounding subsidiary ecosystems.
Hydrological - Ponds and wetlands
Crop distribution Slope gradient 51o Slope Aspect map NW /NE
N
Terraced farming
25o
S SW /SE
1o
Rice paddies
35.7 % 64.3 % Urban cells in wetlands reach (4219)/(168 ha)
Number of Reservoirs (31)
Vegetation distribution
Terraced farming
64.2 ha
Rice paddies
115.5 ha
Farming Cluster Harvesting hubs
Transport strategy
Slope gradient 51o
10 1o
Deep rooted trees
Farmland Clusters Harvesting hubs Harvesting trails
o
Wide rooted trees
Lower Ring road Upper Ring road
Urban System - Generative Process A genetic algorithm is employed to locate the building plots while certain criteria are attempted to improve the spatial quality of public spaces inside the selected urban cluster. The building typology (lowhigh rise) is determined by the land use map. Three hierarchies of public spaces are proposed in response to socio-spatial characteristics of southern Chinese cities.
GA OBJECTIVES 1. Minimize slope angle 2. Minimize avg elevation w.r.t buildg. plot elevation 3. Maximize shaded area 4. Maximize solar exposure 5. Maximize Sky View Factor and Building volume
Test patch - 5 km2
Cluster 1 - 0.08 km2
Experiment patch - 0.7 km2
primary road
harvesting trail
Primary Public Space Secondary Public Space Tertiary Public Space
Fittest results from GA process
G49.32
G49.53
1
1
5
2
4
5
3
2
4
G49.54
3
G49.55
1
1
5
2
4
3
5
2
4
3
Surface flow simulation A surface water flow simulation indicates the incidence of water on the public spaces resulting from the plot generation process. A large incidence of water into the public spaces is required to provide them with recharge or discharge operations according to their location and adjacency to other subsidiary ecosystems. This is to promote the underground and surface water exchange across the hill, contributing to a balanced soil saturation.
50.31
50.54
50.53
50.55
Surface flows
% flow lines on public spaces
4.4 %
5.9 %
6.5 %
5.8 %
% of water incidence on public spaces
2
4 1
3
8 5 7 6
Harvesting Hub Discharge area Recharge areas Other public space Wetland
10 9
1
12.1
6
5.2
2
9.9
7
2.2
3
11.7
8
19.9
4
14.3
9
6.1
5
11.3
10
7.4
Water exchange between public space
Rice paddies Water-discharge
Urban farming Water-recharge
Gardens Water-recharge
Underground waterflow
Wetlands Water-discharge
Water parks Water-discharge
Forest Water-recharge
Underground waterflow
water reservior
wetland
water collection public space
Determining operational public spaces Analysing their slope condition and location, the typology of operational public space into either mainly recharge or discharge public spaces can be established. The water flow simulation will inform the respective incidence of water flowing into certain public space compared to the rest. The data is useful for determining the volume and species of vegetation required for each public space, hence defining the typology to be assigned. The exchange of water between adjacent subsidiary ecosystems can be displayed in a section that goes across a main recharge public space inside the urban environment and the adjacent farming sub-ecosystem. The recharge area is designated as a park with different stages that have specific functions depending on the steepness of the terrain where they are located.
Rice Paddies / Discharge space
Recharge flows
Urban farming / Park
Discharge flows Artificial drainage
Rain Garden
Park
Surface soil
Aquifer
Soil water filter
Bedrock soil
Building generation Given the environmental characteristics of a hot-humid Chinese city, thermal and spatial quality criteria are set as objectives in this new Genetic Algorithm process. Three types of buildings are programmed to achieve higher performances in semi-public space quality as they are adapted to the slope. A final evaluation regarding the effects of building shape on public space quality is contemplated to make the ultimate selection.
Low rise - Double courtyard building
Medium rise - Terraced building
High rise - Pourous tower
GA Objectives 1. Maximize building south facing ratio 2. Maximize semi-public space sky view factor 3. Maximize semi-public shading ratio (summer solstice) 4. Maximize semi-public space solar exposure 5. Maximize the total density
Fittest GA results G 49.22
G 49.26
1
1
5
2
4
5
3
2
4
3
G 49.40
G 49.33
1
1
5
2
4
3
5
2
4
3
Building incidence on public space quality
Public Space 1 46.5 %
Public Space 2 40.0 %
300m
10m
Public Space 3 47.0 %
3D Isovist between public spaces and building terraces
Building porosity and public space enclosure value 49.33 Enclosure Value: 1.510
49.22 Enclosure Value: 1.417
Average porosity value: 0.388
Average porosity value: 0.397
49.26 Enclosure Value: 1.445
49.40 Enclosure Value: 1.504
Average porosity value: 0.409
Average porosity value: 0.414
Positive faces Porous faces
Building Porosity and Public Space Visibility Architectural features Building porosity provides spatial continuity across the city, enhancing visual connectivity and public access through buildings between different public spaces. Pedestrians can then go across operational open spaces starting from the main recharge sub-ecosystem (forest), going through recharge green areas, and leading to water discharge spaces at the bottom of the cluster as they approach the wetland sub-ecosystem. Visibility from building semi-public terraces towards public spaces is attempt by evaluating the incidence of building shapes on the 3d isovist generated from the main public spaces.
Forest / Main Recharge subecosystem
Rain Garden / Recharge space
Park / Recharge space
Surface soil
Aquifer
Bedrock soil
Recharge flows Discharge flows Artificial drainage
Water Park / Discharge space
Wetland / Main discharge subecosystem
FOREST SUB-SYSTEM
Water / Food Supply
Water / Humus
Food Supply
RICE-TERRACE SUB-SYSTEM
Management / Preservation CITY TISSUE SUBSYSTEM
Management / Preservation
Management / Preservation
Water
Underground flows / Evaporation
Food Supply
WATER BODY SUB-SYSTEM
EVOLUTIONARY PRINCIPLES FOR DESIGN
Emergence Seminar - AA EmTech
A series of experiments are held applying the theory of embryological evolution, transmitting the genome (as operational data) through generations (computational iterations). The primitive object is a simple paraboloid with a given body plan, that after a series of alterations provided by the genome will deliver multiple evolved phenotypes (geometric shapes). Specific quantitative objectives are set as fitness criteria for the evaluation of each individual.
Body plan
Gene pool
Fitness Criteria (Objectives) 1. Increase surface area
Copy : 7.5 units (X-axis)
2. Reduce volume
Scale 1D : x 3 (Z-axis)
3. Minimize Y-axis projection area
Scale 3D : x 0.5 Polar array : 3 times (X-Y plane) Rotate : 45 degrees (Y-Z plane) Array : 4 times; distance: 1.5 units (Z-axis) Scale 1D : x 0.5 (X-axis)
Breeding strategy (Generation 4)
Breeding strategy (Generation 5)
Fittest individual (G.3)
Fittest individual (G.4)
Average individual (G.3)
Average individual (G.4)
Least fit individual (G.3)
Least fit individual (G.4)
Introduce new genes
Offspring (1st indiv.) Body parts
Offspring (1st indiv.) Body parts
Mutation strategy (Gen.4)
1
2
3
Mutation strategy (Gen.5)
1
2
3
Offspring (Gen.4)
Indiv, Fit Value
Indiv, Fit Value
Offspring (Gen. 5)
Indiv, Fit Value
Indiv, Fit Value
EVOLUTIONARY PRINCIPLES FOR DESIGN - Architectural application
Emergence Seminar - AA EmTech
Evolutionary mechanisms are applied on a genetic algorithm, this time setting architectural objectives as a primitive urban superblock of China’s Hutong typology is altered across multiple iterations. Environmental performance and spatial quality inside the buildings highly influence the set criteria; while street re-configuration is considered to provide higher variation for the objective values.
Traditional Hutong
Hutong Superblock
Genes affecting body parts
Block height 3-12 m
Block depth 3-8 m
Block depth 3-5 m
Street widht / height 8-15m / 3-5 m
Alley widht 0-5m
GA Objectives Building Exp
Ground Exp Maxim. building exposure
Maxim. ground exposure
Maxim. building volume
Volume
Generation 30
GA Results
Ind. # Fit. Value
Ind. #
Generation 62
Fit. Value
Ind. # Fit. Value
Ind. #
Generation 152
Fit. Value
Ind. # Fit. Value
Ind. # Fit. Value
RESPONSIVE URBAN DESIGN
Core Studio II - AA EmTech
Genetic algorithms together with landscape strategies were employed in this experiment as a response to climatic issues challenging future city development. Environmental conditions and green area accessibility were the factors to be considered in the design development of buildings, parametrically adjusting their geometry according to their location. The proposal of wetlands as a new sub-ecosystem to control flooding determined the consecutive design development. Flooding management strategies
Existing Canal Proposed Canal High risk surface run off Low risk surface run off Wetlands Surface flood
Site Boundary
Proposal
Design strategies
Flood management
Nodes classification
Transport networks
Green connectivity
Final proposal - Top view 7%
Plot areas / tertiary network
Density strategy
Residential 50%
Commercial Social Ammenlities
Morphology distribution
Network integration
Residential Area pp (m2)
30
Commercial Area pp (m2)
15
Total Area of Patch pp (m2)
1,000,000
Total Buildable Area of Patch (m2)
959,383
*Subtracting Rivers, canals and ponds
43%
Building Typologies Courtyard
3 2 1
4
5
Slab
3
8
7 6
2 1
4
5
Tower
6 1
4 3 8 2 7 12 6 11 16 5 10 15 9 14 13
Podium tower
5 2
3
11 8 12 9 13 6 10 7
4
Wetland
5
35 30 36 25 31 37 26 32 38 20 15 21 27 33 39 22 28 34 10 16 11 17 23 29 6 12 18 24 13 19 7 8 14 9
1
3 4
1 2
GA inputs
Terraced gardens generated by repelor linear parks
Building efficiency measured in terms of solar exposure
GA objective: maximize building solar exposure on winter
GA objective: maximize ground solar exposure on winter
GA Results - Zone 5
Garden tower
1 17
4 3 8 2 7 12 6 11 16 5 10 15 19 9 14 13 18
Final proposal - Aerial view Target population: 150,000 Total Buildable area: 586, 000 m2
Wetlands High-rise Repelor
Linear Parks High-rise Repelor High rise strategy - Front view
Aerial view
Wetland view
PNEUMATIC ACTUATION
Core Studio I - AA EmTech
A pneumatic system is employed in this experiment to activate one component of Ron Resch’s triangle folding pattern. To actuate the component, a hinge is designed with an inner membrane that pushes the bent acrylic frames as they unfold the component. A local change of curvature in a surface containing this folding pattern could potentially be achieved by actuating strategically certain components. Hinge type distribution
Assembly process
Frame setting
Non-elastic fabric on pneumatic hinges
Pressure pipes
Actuated Pneumatic Hinges
PVC Hinge
Acrylic Frame
Bonding Tape 3M VHB RP-25
Prototype assembly diagram Solar film
Fabric Hinge PVC 580GSM
Acrylic frame
Pneumatic hinge design
Inflated
Deflated
Acrylic frames
Latex membrane
Non-elastic fabric
+ Air pressure
- Air pressure
PROFESSIONAL WORK
PERU
RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
Cheng Franco Architects - Lima, Peru
Client: Constructora Titan
Residential building developed with Cheng+Franco architectural studio. The design involved 10 apartments, flats and duplexes, between 177 – 360 m2 distributed in 5 stories floors including terrace. The building was arranged in such way that visual access from the main façade towards the green areas in the site was emphasized, locating the main entrance on the secondary façade. The apartments are raised from the ground allowing vehicular entrance for parking area in the basement.
Tasks:
Detailed design of apartments Design of facades Preliminary and tender drawings Renderings / visualization Meetings with clients and construction engineers
Ground floor plan
Third floor plan
Longitudinal section
Transversal section
RETAIL STORE
Cheng Franco Architects - Pacasmayo, Peru
Developed with the Cheng+Franco architectural studio, this retail store consists of a big commercial area (~3600 sm2), administrative offices and small retail galleries. The achievement in this project was to understand the internal operation of a big market store, and developing large scale construction systems and details. Tasks: Detailed interior drawings Preliminar and tender drawings Renderings / visualization Meetings with client and construction engineers / technicians
Ground floor plan
Longitudinal section
Front view
Client: Grupo Falabella
OFFICE BUILDING
Cheng Franco Architects - Lima, Peru
Green areas insertion in working space is the design target, proposed as terraces wrapping the entire building from the entrance to the top, enhancing light and ventilation in the interiors at the same time. These strategies aim for a reduction in overall energy consumption for the building. Tasks:
Conceptual design Detailed design Preliminar drawings Renderings / visualization
Front view
Ground floor plan
Typical floor plan
Roof floor plan
International competition
NURSERY HOUSE
Personal project - Huaral, Peru
Client: World Vision
Located in the desert region of Peru, this small nursery house is designed for the leisure and protection of poor children living in a slum. The client requested participatory workshops with the local community for the project development. The aim was to provide the community with a free and safe space where kids can be taken care of during labour days; as well as a small communal centre for women. Tasks: Overall design Preliminar and tender drawings Renderings / visualization Community participatory workshops
Ground floor plan
First floor plan
Transversal section
Isometric view
RURAL HOUSE
Personal project - CaĂąete, Peru
Client: Private
Inserted in a wine valley, this country summer house is designed for a small family involved in farming and agricultural activity. The big space in the ground floor has crossed openings for visual connectivity with the courtyard and their farm as well as an improved natural ventilation system. The private areas are oriented towards separate directions facing the valley.
Tasks:
Overall design Preliminary drawings Renderings / visualization Meetings with clients and construction engineers
Ground floor plan
Transversal section
First floor plan
UNIVERSIDAD PERUANA DE CIENCIAS APLICADAS
B.ARCH
STUDENT HOUSING A narrow plot sets the challenge on designing a student accommodation building containing commercial activity in the building’s base. Semi public area are proposed on the terrace located in the tightest part of the plot, visually connecting students’ leisure activities to the surrounding areas of the campus.
Ground floor plan
Second floor plan
First floor plan
Fifth floor plan
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
Transversal section
COFFEE TOURISTIC CENTRE
B.Arch Thesis - UPC
The remembrance of rural identity amongst urban development in the local town is the ambition of this project. Located inside the only operating farm remaining in the area, this project includes a rural hotel and a pavilion for agricultural events connected via coffee harvesting paths. The overall design focuses on the intimate visual connection with the users and the coffee crops
Gravitational concept - Andean heritage
Descending to crops
Preliminary model
Ground floor plan - patio
Base floor plan - spa
Longitudinal section
Hotel First floor plan - entrance
4
1 3
2 7
8
6 5
1. Lobby 2. Restaurant 3. Coffee shop 4. Museum 5. Coffee mill 6. Patio / drying yard 7. Rooms 8. Spa
1
2
3
4
5
1. Spa 2. Room terrace 3. Hotel model 4. Drying yard 5. Lobby
Agricultural Events Pavilion
B.Arch Thesis - UPC
The challenge for this building is set on designing non-conventional structures to cover a large area for exhibition and agricultural purposes. Permeability in the building is attempted with the roof shape towards the mountain and the crops at the bottom of the valley.
5 7 6
4 3 2 1
Interior Isometric view
Roof structure
Ground floor plan
1. Reception 2. Offices 3. Exhibition hall 1 4. Exhibition hall 2 5. Lecture hall 6. Coffee shop 7. Restrooms
1.
2.
3..
1. Roof detail 2. V-column detail 3. Pavilion module section
DIEGO VALDIVIA diegovaldivialuque@gmail.com / dvaldivialuque@outlook.com +44 7493217350 / +51 994605257