Shuffle This 6

his

Shuffle T 6 Leerwerkboek 6 tso / kso

6 Bestelnummer: 96 401 0046

9 789048 624508

Die Keure wil het milieu beschermen. Daarom kiezen wij bewust voor papier dat afkomstig is uit verantwoord beheerde bossen. Deze uitgave is dan ook gedrukt op papier dat het FSCÂŽ-label draagt.

Dat is het keurmerk van de Forest Stewardship CouncilÂŽ.

00_Cover_ShuffleThis6_Lwb>nieuwe nummering.indd Alle pagina's

Shuffle

This

voor 6 tso / kso

7/12/18 10:45

Deze picto’s begeleiden je op je tocht doorheen het boek: Lezen

Luisteren Kijken en luisteren Gesprek

Spreken

Schrijven Herhaling tenses

Beste leerling Heeft Shuffle This 4 je vlekkeloos doorheen het vijfde jaar Engels geloodst? Dan zal de tweede en laatste Shuffle-uitgave voor de derde graad TSO en KSO zeker niet onderdoen.

Deze nieuwe uitgave zal je ongetwijfeld opnieuw prikkelen en, misschien wel voor een laatste keer, volledig onderdompelen in de Engelstalige wereld van o.a.

Australia, de relative clauses en Batwoman. Maar ook de adverbs, transgender people en whistleblowers zullen niet ontbreken.

In de veronderstelling dat je na vorig jaar het zelfstandig noteren al wat beter onder knie hebt, voorziet ook Shuffle This 5 niet overal schrijflijnen of invulruimtes. M.a.w. het nieuwe boek blijft gedeeltelijk een cursus, met schrijflijntjes voor de grammatica en woordenschatoefening, maar zonder extra invulruimte voor de rest van de opdrachten. Zo leer je in no-time volledig zelfstandig notities nemen.

De nieuwe Shuffle This 5 is opgebouwd uit zes units, die elk op 1 overkoepelend thema focussen. Er is een blijvende nadruk op communicatie, creativiteit, cultuur en structuur, met veel ruimte voor zelfstandig werken. Er komen opnieuw een uitgebreid aantal onderwerpen en tekstsoorten aan bod. Van literaire teksten over wetenschappelijke studies tot krantenartikelen, er is voor elk wat wils.

Als instap hebben we dit jaar in elk hoofdstuk een leuke song voor je in petto.

Elk hoofdstuk start met een toepasselijk liedje met bijhorende songtekst, gelinkt aan het thema van de unit.

De woordenschatpijler Focus on blijft een van de vaste waardes in het boek.

Hier zal je opnieuw heel wat tekst-, beeld- en luisterfragmenten terugvinden, boordevol nieuwe woordenschat die je kan uitdiepen en intensief inoefenen aan de hand van gevarieerde oefeningen.

Een tweede vaste waarde, de grammaticapijler The basics, behandelt opnieuw één grammaticaal thema. Herhaling en uitbreiding zijn hierbij de centrale woorden. De gekende theorie komt nergens expliciet aan bod, maar zit verweven doorheen de oefeningen. Enkel voor de nieuwe theorie is hier en daar wat plaats voorzien.

Overige opdrachten die specifiek gericht zijn op het herhalen van de tijden kan je herkennen aan het icoontje .

Voor een uitgebreid overzicht van alle theorie kun je steeds terugvallen op het grammaticaboekje Back to basics.

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Naast deze hoofdpijlers bevat Shuffle This 5 opnieuw een aantal vaste rubrieken.

Job hopping Wil je sportleerkracht worden? Portier? Verpleegster? Of toch liever automechanieker? In elk hoofdstuk komt minstens één beroep aan bod die voortvloeit uit een bepaalde schudierichting.

Shuffle Een stukje Engelstalige cultuur, een paar typisch Engelse gebruiken, films of personen, deze rubriek neemt je opnieuw mee naar alles wat op en top ‘Engels’ is.

Digging deeper Dit onderdeeltje werpt in elke unit weer een blik op bepaalde praktijkgerichte onderzoekscompetenties. Je breidt je onderzoeksvaardigheden verder uit en leert stap voor stap de kneepjes van het vak om o.a. het summarising en presenting volledig onder de knie te krijgen.

How to…

Handle a customer? Write a structured tekst? Conduct a job interview? In deze rubriek zul je opnieuw heel wat nuttige en toepasbare woordenschat en vaardigen leren, die in elke richting van pas kunnen komen.

Reading matters Ook dit tekstgedeelte is in Shuffle This 5 weer van de partij. In het ene hoofdstuk lees je een kortverhaal, in het andere een gedicht, en in nog een ander dan weer een stukje handleiding.

Doorheen het boek komen natuurlijk ook verschillende andere tekstsoorten aan bod zoals krantenartikels, blogteksten of boekfragmenten, maar de ‘Reading matters’ legt de nadruk op 1 specifieke tekstsoort in het bijzonder.

Bizz app Volg je Handel-talen of Secretariaat-talen? Ben je gewoon klaar met alle andere oefeningen en heb je zin in meer? Dan is deze oefening zeker iets voor jou. Bijt je vast in deze uitdagende uitbreidings- en herhalingsoefening in de lijn van het thema van de unit.

Afsluiten doen we in elk hoofdstuk op dezelfde manier met volgende rubriekjes: On the spot rubriekje leren leren Recap Herhalingsoefeningen op de geziene woordenschat en grammatica.

Words De uitgebreide woordenlijst met de actieve woordenschat, voorzien van contextzinnen, lidwoorden en onderverdeeld in notionele velden.

We wensen je een fijne kennismaking met Shuffle This 5 en veel succes in alles wat je onderneemt.

And remember: keep up the good work!

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Unit 1 English around the world Unit 2 Beyond pink and blue

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Unit 3 Life is a highway

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Unit 4 I spy with my little eye

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Unit 5 Under pressure

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Unit 6 Language and more

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ISBN 978 90 4862 450 8 KB D/2016/0147/24 Bestelnr. 96 401 0046 NUR 118, 119 Š die Keure, 2016 Verantwoordelijke uitgever: NV die Keure, Kleine Pathoekeweg 3, 8000 Brugge - RPR 0405 108 325 Lay-out, opmaak en druk: die Keure Niets uit deze uitgave mag verveelvuldigd en/of openbaar gemaakt worden door middel van druk, fotokopie, microfilm of op welke wijze ook zonder voorafgaande schriftelijke toestemming van de uitgever.

Verhuur van dit boek is niet toegelaten zonder uitdrukkelijke toestemming van de uitgever.

No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by print, photoprint, microfilm or any other means without written permission from the publisher.

This book cannot be rented out without specific permission from the publisher.

De uitgever heeft naar best vermogen getracht de publicatierechten volgens de wettelijke bepalingen te regelen.

Zij die niettemin menen nog aanspraken te kunnen doen gelden, kunnen dat aan de uitgever kenbaar maken.

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Unit 1

English around the world Focus on…

English in the world

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The basics Relative clauses

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Shuffle The Commonwealth

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Job hopping Teachers to the test

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Digging deeper Writing a structured text

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Focus on…

Australia

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How to … give tourist information

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Reading matters In a Sunburned Country, Bill Bryson

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Bizz app Racist Aussies

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On the spot 5

Listen up Down Under - Men at Work 1

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Traveling in a fried-out Kombie On a hippie trail, head full of zombie I met a strange lady, she made me nervous She took me in and gave me breakfast And she said...

Do you come from a land down under?

Where women glow and men plunder?

Can’t you hear, can’t you hear the thunder?

You better run, you better take cover!

Buying bread from a man in Brussels He was six-foot-four and full of muscles I said, Do you speak-a my language?

He just smiled and gave me a vegemite sandwich And he said...

I come from a land down under Where beer does flow and men chunder Can’t you hear, can’t you hear the thunder?

You better run, you better take cover!

Lyin’ in a den in Bombay With a slack jaw, and not much to say I said to the man, are you trying to tempt me Because I come from the land of plenty?

And he said...

Do you come from a land down under?

Where women glow and men plunder?

Can’t you hear, can’t you hear the thunder?

You better run, you better take cover! Yeah!

Source: www.azlyrics.com/lyrics/menatwork/downunder.html

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Living in a land down under Where women glow and men plunder Can’t you hear, can’t you hear the thunder?

You better run, you better take cover!

Living in a land down under Where women glow and men plunder Can’t you hear, can’t you hear the thunder?

You better run, you better take cover!

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1 Focus on …

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English in the world

Discuss in pairs.

• Did you speak English during your last holiday? Or on your last trip?

• What did you use it for?

• Whose English was better: yours or the foreigner’s?

• On which other occasions have you used it?

• Or do you use it on a daily basis?

• Do you enjoy speaking English?

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Read the text and do the exercises.

Why English language pop music will leave you blue Song lyrics are among most miserable forms of writing in the world

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cheery: something that makes you happy war-torn: ruined by war to skew towards sth.: to lean towards sth.

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Mathematicians have confirmed what fans of Adele, Radiohead and Lana del Ray may already suspect – that English language song lyrics are one of the most depressing forms of writing on the planet. A study has found that English-spoken song lyrics are more miserable than Russian literature, which has brought us less-than-cheery* classic novels such as Anna Karenina and Crime and Punishment. Only Chinese novels and Korean film subtitles – which can be full of violence and gothic themes – were ranked less happy than English song lyrics. A random sample of English language lyrics ranked 22nd for ‘happiness’ out of 24 categories in different languages.

However, overall, the study concluded that human language as a whole is positive.

In 1969, two psychologists proposed the Pollyanna Hypothesis – the idea that

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there is a universal human tendency to use positive words more frequently than negative ones, so that humans think, and talk, on the bright side of life. Since then, scientists have investigated whether the idea is true. A team of scientists at the University of Vermont used a vast data set made up of many billions of words to confirm the 1960s guess.

They gathered billions of words from around the world using 24 types of sources including books, news outlets, social media, websites, television and film subtitles, and music lyrics. Mathematician Chris Danforth said: ‘We collected roughly 100 billion words written in tweets.’ From these sources, the team then identified about 10,000 of the most frequently used words in each of 10 languages including English, Spanish, French, German, Brazilian Portuguese, Korean, Chinese, Russian, Indonesian and Arabic. Analysing a random sample of words from Arabic film subtitles, Twitter feeds in Korean, the famously dark literature of Russia, books in Chinese, music lyrics in English, and even the war-torn* pages of The New York Times, they found the types of writing – and probably all human language, is skewed towards* the use of happy words.

Unit 1 English around the world

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inherently: essential, natural, inborny jubilant: feeling or expressing great joy predominantly: mainly Source: www.dailymail.co.uk/ sciencetech/article-2955446/ Why-English-spokenpop-music-leave-GLUMSong-lyrics-miserableforms-writing-WORLD. html#ixzz3ofItQiPK

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The scientists also asked native speakers of the languages to rate words according to how positive or negative they find them.

The results were published in the journal PNAS. From these speakers, they gathered five million individual human scores of the words, with laughter scoring 8.5, for example, and terrorist, 1.3. Once all of these words were plotted, the researchers found that every language studied was inherently* positive, and more words scored higher than five. Over all, Spanish was found to be the happiest language, and English took third place, behind Portuguese. A search of Chinese books had the lowest ‘average word happiness,’ but all 24 sources of words scored on average above the average happiness score of five, including song lyrics.

When the team translated words between languages and then back again they found that ‘the estimated emotional content of

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words is consistent between languages.’

‘Using human evaluation of 100,000 words spread across 10 languages diverse in origin and culture, we present evidence of a deep imprint of human sociality in language,’ the mathematicians wrote in the study. ‘The words of natural human language possess a universal positivity bias, the estimated emotional content of words is consistent between languages under translation.’

Computer scientists then built a computer programme called the ‘hedometer’, which was named after the Greek words for pleasure and gauge , to track levels of happiness in language over time, for example on Twitter. They found that over the past year, English speaking Twitter users used the most positive language on Christmas Day, New Year’s Eve and Thanksgiving, and used the most unhappy language to talk about the death of Robin Williams, Charlie Hedbo attacks and the Ferguson protests.

The tool was also used to analyse the high and low points of 10,000 books to show that Moby Dick is an emotionally turbulent novel and that the Count of Monte Christo ends on a jubilant* note.

Language used in Crime and Punishment was predominantly* positive but ended on a very low point.

Look at the underlined words (except for the verbs) in the text. Which synonym or explanation below matches?

1) a gauge

a) approximately

2) a news outlet

b) a small part of something that represents a bigger whole

3) a sample

c) an indicator

4) a novel

d) a long fictional work in prose; usually in the form of a story

5) a tendency

e) very wide, large

6) lyrics

f) a trend

7) random

g) a translation of foreign dialogue of a film or TV program; usually displayed at the bottom of the screen

8) roughly

h) without a plan, order or purpose; depending on chance

9) subtitles

i) (online) newspapers, magazines, internet articles

10) vast

j) someone who speaks a language as a first language

11) a native speaker

k) full of confusion, violence, or disorder, not stable or steady

12) turbulent

l) a song text

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Mathematician and co-leader of the study, Peter Dodds looked at 10 languages and found ‘in every source we looked at, people use more positive words than negative ones.’ Despite violent films and miserable song lyrics, he said that ‘positive social interaction’ is built into global languages’ fundamental structure.

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Unit 1 English around the world

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2)

3)

Match the underlined verbs from the text with the pictures below and write them underneath.

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Complete the gaps with the new vocabulary from the green box.

a gauge – a native speaker – a novel – a sample – a tendency – lyrics – random – roughly – subtitles – to confirm – to gather data – to investigate – to plot data – to rate – to suspect – vast

a)

The melody reflects the mood of the … .

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b)

She’s written numerous … , five works of nonfiction and a series of books for young adults.

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c)

Investigators are trying to figure out where the shots came from and whether the victim was a … target.

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d)

The latest audit analysed a … of roughly 1,000 serious and minor assaults.

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e)

Dogs have a … to bark at strangers and the mail man.

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f)

The story of a private detective … werewolf attacks won the World Fantasy Award for Best Novella.

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g)

From the echo of their footsteps, the space around them must have been a … cave, but she couldn’t be sure. �����������������������

h)

The police chief … that the victim’s body was found in a bedroom on the second floor of the house.

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i)

On approach, the New Horizons satellite … on Pluto’s geology, morphology and surface chemical compositions.

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j)

Sorry, my English is not perfect, I am not a … .

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k)

Each device was … on a 100-point scale for overall security.

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l)

When scientists … on a graph, at first glance it sometimes makes no sense.

m)

The dashboard is a jumble of numbers, icons, indicator lights, and … .

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n)

The hunter … that they were the same wolves he had seen on the day before.

o)

There are two versions of the film: one dubbed in English, and the other in Japanese with … .

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The painting was sold for … 2 million pounds.

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p) 4)

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Multiple choice. Each of the paragraphs is summarised in one sentence. Thick off which of the three sentences below best sums up the content of the given paragraph.

Paragraph 1 Of all types of existing texts, English song lyrics are the most negative.

There are two types of written sources that are even more depressing than English song lyrics.

Russian novels, like Anna Karenina and Crime and Punishment are the most miserable of all writings.

Paragraph 2 Already in 1969, scientists found out that human language tends to be positive in general.

The 1969 hypothesis contradicts the findings of this new study.

At the end of the 1960s, scientists already guessed that humans in general tend to use positive language.

Paragraph 3 The method they used was to choose thousands of words from a selected collection of written sources and analyse those. The result was that human language tends to be positive.

They studied 10,000 words from written and spoken sources and found out that human language is over all positive.

They studied billions of words from different sources and from 24 languages to reach the conclusion that human language has a more positive than negative bias.

Paragraph 4 Native speakers confirmed these results when rating words.

Native speakers admitted that some languages were happier than others.

People who spoke those languages as their first language valued a collection of words for being positive or negative.

Paragraph 5 Many words changed from being positive to negative and vice versa after being translated.

When the words were translated, they kept their positive or negative emotional value.

The fact that translated words kept their emotional value, proves that human language is positively inclined.

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Paragraph 6 The scientists also built a computer programme to check if language use in tweets varied in positivity level over time.

The software programme that was developed, tracked the happiness level of tweets over time but also that of novels.

The software analysed the happiness level over time in all 24 written sources, from tweets to novels.

3

5)

Which different areas of science are mentioned in the article?

6)

Which different written sources are mentioned?

Listen to Born to Die from Lana del Rey. Write down all the positive and the negative words you hear. Does this confirm the results of the findings? positive words

4

negative words

Discuss.

• Do you get the same ‘feeling’ when you’re listening to an English pop song as when you’re listening to a Dutch one? Or to a song in another language, e.g. French, Italian, … ? Or is it different?

• Have you got any idea why?

• Is it only the lyrics or also the melody that determines whether a song is happy or sad?

5

Watch, listen and answer the questions.

1)

Which language is spoken here?

2)

Why do you think so?

3)

What did you understand?

4)

To whom could it sound like real English?

5)

Is English difficult to learn for other people?

6)

What is it that makes English so popular around the world?

Unit 1 English around the world

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Of course the proper use of English is important. The signs below were spotted at public places all over the world. Discuss.

1)

At a Russian supermarket

2)

Spotted in a safari park

3)

At a Budapest zoo

Unit 1 English around the world

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4)

In a Copenhagen airline ticket office

5)

Tokyo hotel’s rules and regulations

7)

In a public toilet

6)

On a golf course

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7a

Listen to Ted Walker talking about The World’s English mania and take notes on a piece of paper. Do you remember how to take notes? Which symbols to use? Think about what you learned last year!

7b

Discuss the message from the speech.

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1)

Which manias does Jay Walker mention?

2)

How important is English for Chinese students?

3)

Does he think English mania is a positive or a negative mania?

4)

Which other universal languages does he mention? What do you think a universal language is?

5)

Do you agree with Jay Walker?

6)

In which other areas is English spoken?

7)

Why are you learning English?

8)

Do you derive any benefits from it?

It’s the UN English Language Day and your teacher asks you to write an opinion paragraph about the use of learning English. Further on in this unit, you will learn more about writing a structured text and graphic organisers. To give you a taste of what they are, you are now going to use the OREO writing format.

What?

Why? How?

Giving your opinion about the use of learning English.

To prove you can form and defend your opinion in writing.

1) Start with organising your thoughts in the graphic Oreo organiser.

2) Write out your thoughts in a full text. It has to be at least ten lines.

3) Use words like: I think that, I believe that, I disagree that, in fact, first of all, secondly, in addition, in conclusion, to sum up What matters? good use of the format, appropriate arguments, vocabulary, grammar

Why learn English?

Opinion - Give your opinion.

Reason - Your reason for your opinion.

Example - Give an example to support your opinion.

Opinion - Restate your opinion.

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2 The basics 9

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Everything is relative

Watch the clip and answer the questions.

1)

The Grammar Nazi points out several grammatical mistakes that Mr Le Petit makes.

Write down three.

2)

What does he say; is it ‘for who’ or ‘for whom’?

3)

Did you know the correct answer?

Read the sentences in italics and answer the questions underneath.

1)

Do you know the teacher who is teaching advanced English class?

I wrote my final paper on a novel which was written by Ernest Hemingway.

What happens if you leave out the part of the sentence in bold print (= the sub clause)?

Defining relative clauses A defining relative clause gives necessary information about the preceding noun (the antecedent).

The antecedent is the a word or phrase that is represented by another word, in this case the pronouns ‘who’ and ‘which’.

2)

The novel ‘The Old Man and the Sea’ was written by Ernest Hemingway, who wrote seven novels in

total.

What happens if you leave out the sub clause?

Non-defining relative clauses A non-defining relative clause adds extra information about a noun which already has a clear reference.

3)

The students who passed the English test were very happy. (The other ones weren’t.)

The students, who passed the English test, were very happy. a) Which students were very happy in the first sentence? And in the second sentence?

– In the 1st sentence: – In the 2nd sentence: b) Circle the correct answer.

– The 1st / 2nd sentence has a defining relative clause. It tells us that only those students who passed the English test were very happy. The sentence implies that there were other students who did not pass the test and that they were probably not very happy.

Unit 1 English around the world

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– The 1st/2nd sentence has a non-defining relative clause. It tells us that all the students passed the test and that all of them were very happy.

Use of commas The use of commas marks a difference in meaning. You don’t need to put a comma before defining relative clauses. On the other hand, non-defining relative clauses should be separated from the rest of the sentence by a comma or commas.

4)

Read the sentences in italic and circle the correct answer.

The novel ‘The Old Man and the Sea’, which was written by Ernest Hemingway, is a classic.

Ernest Hemingway, who wrote ‘The Old Man and the Sea’, is one of America’s favourite authors.

– The antecedent in the 1st sentence refers to a human/something non-human.

– The antecedent in the 2nd sentence refers to a human/something non-human.

5)

Complete the grids.

non-defining relative clauses antecedent

function

pronoun

sample sentences

subject

– who

Jason, who passed his test, was very happy.

–

My best friend, whose test score was bad, got a second chance.

–

I talked to Amir, who(m) I met in English class.

prepositional phrase

– preposition + whom – … preposition

Erin and Alex, with whom I had studied, both passed their tests.

Erin and Alex, who(m) I had studied with, passed the test.

function

pronoun

sample sentences

–

I studied hard for my English finals, which happened to be on my birthday.

possessive object

antecedent

subject possessive

– – whose

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I didn’t recognise my old school, of which the gym burnt down last year.

I didn’t recognise my old school, whose gym burnt down last year.

object

– which

My English finals, which I took yesterday, were awfully difficult.

prepositional phrase

– preposition + which – … preposition

My English finals, about which I told you, were awfully difficult.

My English finals, which I told you about, were awfully difficult.

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defining relative clauses antecedent

function

pronoun

sample sentences

subject

– who – that

The students who passed the test were very happy.

–

The students whose test score was bad, got a second chance.

–

I talked to some of the students who(m) I met after the test.

possessive object

– – that –Ø prepositional phrase

– preposition + whom – … preposition – … preposition

antecedent

function subject

pronoun

sample sentences I studied hard for the English test that we had on Monday.

I studied hard for the English test which we had on Monday.

–

– whose

– which – that –Ø

prepositional phrase

Some of the students that I had studied with, passed the test.

Some of the students I had studied with passed the test.

– of which object

Some of the students with whom I had studied, passed the test.

Some of the students who(m) I had studied with, passed the test.

– Ø … preposition

– possessive

talked to some of the students that I met after the test.

I talked to some of the students I met after the test.

– preposition + which – … preposition –

We were curious about the test whose results had not yet been published. * We were curious about the test the results of which had not yet been published.

The test which we took yesterday, was awfully difficult.

The test that we took yesterday, was awfully difficult.

The test we took yesterday, was awfully difficult The test about which I told you, was awfully difficult.

The test which I told you about, was awfully difficult.

The test that I told you about, was awfully difficult.

The test I told you about, was awfully difficult.

… preposition – Ø … preposition

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Read these three quick and dirty tips to become a grammar pro and use the example sentences to complete them!

Tip 1

Don’t mess up the spelling of spelling WHICH, WITH, WITCH. “Which witch will you be eating sandwiches with?”

•

is a question word, similar to WHO, WHERE, WHEN. Write ‘wh’ at the beginning of the word.

•

on the other hand is not a question-word, it is spelled with a ‘th’ at the end.

• A is a noun, referring to a woman with magical powers. It originates from an old Saxon word ‘wicca’, which means ‘wise one’.

Tip 2

Be careful with WHOSE / WHO’S. “Whose side are you on? And who’s on my side?”

• ________________ side are you on? = Which person’s side are you on?

• ________________ may sound strange with an non-human antecedent, but it is correct.

• ________________ on my side? = Who is on my side?

The confusion comes from the fact that a possessive is mostly written with an apostrophe in English, e.g. I am on my dad’s side. But, alas, not in the word ‘whose’

Tip 3

Watch out with WHO / WHOM. “Who isn’t looking for someone on whom he can depend? Aren’t we all?”

• Like ‘ ’, the pronoun ‘him’ ends with ‘m’. When you’re trying to decide whether to use ‘who’ or ‘whom’, ask yourself if the answer to the question would be ‘he’ or ‘him’.

When there’s no ‘m’ in the answer  use ‘who’. e.g. “Who (or whom) shot the sheriff?” the answer would be “He shot the sheriff.”

When there’s an ‘m’ in the answer (‘him’ ends with an ‘m’)  use ‘whom’. e.g. “Who (or whom) do you love?” The answer would be “I love him.”

Still too complicated? If you are unsure which to use, use who. Firstly, it is much more common than whom. Secondly, the use of whom is considered by many to be on its last legs in English. Unless your English teacher insists that you know the difference.

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Back to basics Refresh your memory with your Back to basics!

12

Decide if the sentence needs commas.

1)

I have three cats. The cat that is the oldest sleeps all day.

2)

I have only read one novel. The novel which I found on my dad’s bookshelf was very intriguing.

3)

Many celebrities collect cars. Some celebrities who collect expensive cars don’t even drive them.

However, Paul Walker who died in a car crash loved driving fast cars.

4)

Sarah’s friend lost her school bag. Sarah’s friend who is always with her head in the clouds lost her schoolbag.

5)

I have two friends who are called Kevin. I haven’t seen the one who went to another school for ages.

6)

I am a game fanatic. Fallout 4 which I torrented yesterday is awesome. But the game that I downloaded today is disappointing.

7)

Nicki Minaj is famous. Minaj who was the first female musician to have seven singles in the US Billboard Hot 100 at the same time is known for her provocative language.

8)

Some of the actors whom we had met at a meet-and-greet later went out to sign autographs. The audience that had been waiting outside for hours went crazy.

9)

Japanese students whose test results are below average won’t be allowed to go to the university of their choice.

10) The film I told you about earlier is an adaptation of a modern classic novel. American Psycho which was written by Bret Easton Ellis was made into a film in 2000.

13

Match the main clause with the correct sub clause.

1)

American Psycho

a) , which is a book that gives me the creeps, tells about a New York businessman and serial killer.

2)

The mountain

b) , who wants to be the first man to send people to Mars.

3)

The taxi driver

c) that is on the shelf is new.

4)

Elon Musk is the man

d) , who also picked us up last time, thinks London is far too cold for him.

5)

The book

e) who created PayPal.

6)

The taxi driver from Jamaica

f) , whose summit is in front of us, is the UK’s highest mountain.

7)

It is a story about a boy

g) , whose parents got divorced.

8)

I feel sorry for Dave

h) whose parents got divorced.

9)

I read the biography of Elon Musk i) whose summit is in front of us is called Ben Nevis.

10) Ben Nevis 1

j) who picked us up from the airport is from Jamaica.

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3

4

5

6

7

8

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14

Complete the sentence with the correct pronoun. Then add commas where needed.

1)

I heard a rattling noise in the kitchen … scared me to death.

2)

This nuclear power plant belongs to Mr Burns … is a very rich man.

3)

The audience … had expected a different kind of film left the theatre disgusted.

4)

The wrecked car … belonged to a notorious criminal was found abandoned in a parking lot.

5)

Look, this is the pair of shoes … we were talking about yesterday.

6)

That manager … sister is a politician thinks he can circumvent the law.

7)

I have to tell you about the old woman … I met as I was walking home.

8)

Most of the eggs … I bought were broken.

9)

Northcote Mansion of … the roof was leaking and the walls were cracking was still sold for a huge amount of money.

10) The boys, of … most were younger than twelve, stranded on an uninhabited island.

11) He texted to his best friend … was studying in London.

12) The horse … is running over there, is a full blooded Arabian.

15

Australia’s most popular beach is Bondi Beach. On the next page you see a drawing of how crowded it can get there. Pick out ten people, objects or situations. Write down one or two sentences in which you describe this person, object or situation and use relative clauses.

When you’ve written them down, give / read out your descriptions to your neighbour and see if they can find what / who you were looking for. e.g. The object that I am looking at is located to the right of a beach cabin which has a roof with red and white stripes. This object, which does not really belong on a beach, is grey. e.g. The man whom you need to find has no hair. His wife, who is walking next to him is wearing a bikini. Someone whose swimming trunks are purple is watching her.

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3 Shuffle 16

22

The Commonwealth

Do you know the difference between the UK and GB? Find out in the following video. Then do the exercises.

1)

Mark on the map: England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, the United Kingdom and the British Isles.

2)

Which of these places – is a kingdom?

– is a republic?

– recognises Elisabeth II (or her successor) as their monarch?

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Below you read several names of areas and countries in the British Isles.

Your teacher will give you a cheat sheet with descriptions.

A time will be set in which you will have to memorise as many descriptions as possible.

When the time is up, you must turn around the cheat sheet and try to complete the grid with as much as you can remember.

1) The United Kingdom

2) Northern Ireland

3) The British Isles

4) The Commonwealth Realm

5) Great Britain

6) England

7) Scotland

8) The Irish Republic

9) Wales

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Complete the grid. Look up the terms that have not yet been mentioned in the previous exercise.

Z ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] [ ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] \ 19

United Kingdom of …

Countries within the United Kingdom

Adjective

Capital

England Wales Scotland Northern Ireland

Ireland

N

B

R

D

Z ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] [ ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] \

18

Read the text and reconstruct the flag. Pick out the three flags that make up the Union Jack – or Union Flag as some people insist. Your teacher will tell you what the three remaining flags represent.

The Union Jack or Union flag was formed in 1606 by ‘photoshopping’ the crosses of the patron saints of England, Scotland and Ireland – St. George, St. Andrew and St. Patrick. Wales was already a principality of England by this point so didn’t get a visual representation on the flag.

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4 Job hopping 20

Teachers to the test

Since this is the start of your last year in secondary school, you’re probably beginning to think about your options for the future. One job that you know from up-close is the job of teacher. Do you think you’d be a good teacher? Take the quiz!

Are you a good teacher?

1)

What’s the biggest draw to becoming a teacher?

2)

How often are you using the skills you’ll be teaching?

3)

Lessons flow like stories. When retelling a story:

4)

Do you like to work with the public?

5)

How comfortable are you with children?

6)

And how do you handle unexpected change?

7)

a) b) c) d) a) b) c) d) a) b) c) d) a) b) c) d)

the students helping the community the benefits summers off

every day at least 3 times a week once a week a couple times per month I I I I

remember all of the details. can get the general idea across. often forget some details. can’t usually remember the storyline.

I live for it.

I find it motivating.

It’s great in small doses.

I find it stressful.

a) I have a lot of experience. b) I’m comfortable. c) They make me a little nervous.

a) Like a pro. b) Once I get my bearings, I’m fine. c) I don’t like a lot of change.

Teamwork is:

a) vital b) useful c) difficult

8)

When things get difficult, are you a quitter?

9)

When people have conflict, I often

a) Never! I always do my job. b) I almost always see things through. c) I quit when things get tough. a) am able to resolve the conflict. b) stay out of it. c) make things worse.

10) I would rate my speaking skills as a) b) c) d)

excellent pretty good average in progress, but still need work

If your answers are mostly As and Bs, you have what it takes. Cs and Ds? You may want to look out for something different.

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21

Study the infographic and answer the questions.

Source: https://www.knewton.com/infographics/teacher-time-management-infographic/

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1)

What is the difference between statutory working time and working time at school?

2)

In which country do teachers work the hardest?

3)

Do primary or secondary school teachers work harder?

4)

What are these activities an example of? Look at the part ‘How do all these hours break down?’ a) Answering a parent’s phone call b) Over lunch break, talking to a student with personal problems. c) Accompanying students to the annual cross country running competition on a Wednesday afternoon. d) Filling in grades on report cards. e) Reading and grading chemistry class lab reports. f) Looking up a video clip about our solar system to use in geography class. g) Teaching a class how to draw a graph of a function.

5)

22

Paraphrase the factors that make teaching challenging in your own words.

Discuss.

• Were there any facts that you found surprising?

• Do you think the situation is the same in Belgium?

23

24

Odd one out. Which word(s) do(es) not belong with the others and why? Look up the words you do not understand.

1)

skill – expertise – professionalism – ignorance

2)

to teach – to learn – to coach – to educate

3)

to absorb – to learn – to study – to find out

4)

to grade student work – to prepare a lesson – to do administration – to teach a class

Complete the gaps with the following words. expertise – an educator – to teach – to learn – to grade – strengths and weaknesses – challenging – supportive – to break down 1)

In a SWOT-analysis, you need to write down your … and your opportunities and threats.

2)

Choosing what you want to study next year can be quite … . Hopefully your parents are … of the choice you will make.

3)

A psychiatrist has a lot of … in assessing your state of mental health.

4)

When he … the figures of his expenses, he found out that a lot of his money when to clothes.

5)

Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day; … a man to fish and you feed him for a lifetime.

6)

Ever since he … to fish, he never went hungry again.

7)

English language skills, … say, are valuable even to students who go into the computer science field.

8)

The teacher promised she’d … our tests by next week.

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25a

Discuss in pairs.

• Would you like to be a teacher?

• If so, would you prefer to be a kindergarten, a primary school or a secondary school teacher? Why? • If not, why?

25b

During a job workshop, you are asked the following question: “Do you think you’d be a good teacher?” Report your answer back to the class. You are expressing your opinion, therefore you could use the OREO structure again.

What?

Present your opinion about a topic you have discussed with your classmates.

Why? To prove that you can express your opinion orally in an organised and methodical way.

What matters? structure, correct language, pronunciation

26

Read and decide on benefits and drawbacks. What are the benefits and drawbacks of being a teacher? Put a plus sign in front of the benefits and a minus in front of the drawbacks. a solid pay check

more and more administrative work

difficult classes

overly critical parents

frequent holidays

positively influencing the lives of people

long holidays

sharing your passion with others

long working days

27

Watch A message from your kid’s teachers and answer the questions.

1)

What type of humour would you call this? Can you explain why? irony

word play

sarcasm

parody

2)

Why does Jimmy Kimmel mention National Doughnut Day together with National Teacher Day?

3)

How does the clip put you on the wrong track in the first 30 seconds?

4)

Sum up the complaints that are voiced by the teachers.

5)

Which words do Jimmy Kimmel and the teachers use for… a) an organised action that is meant to make people more conscious of a problem b) schooling and training children c) to serve low quality food d) not to bring up children properly e) another country f) a mistake g) to accuse h) a salary

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5 Digging deeper

Writing a structured text

Even though teachers have been trying to instill a good writing attitude in you and your fellow students for the past eleven years, too often students still start writing texts without giving it any previous thought.

This happens when you are writing in your native language as well as in any foreign language.

However, as Roald Dahl put it in the Big Friendly Giant: “Don’t gobblefunk around with words,” unless of course, you want to sound slightly incomprehensible like the Big Friendly Giant.

You need to: 1 THINK 2 PLAN 3 EXECUTE 4 LAYOUT 5 REFLECT 1 THINK! Before putting your pen to the paper or your fingers to the keyboard, you need to be able to answer the following questions, called the TAP-principle. It helps you to remember: Type – Audience – Purpose.

• Which Type of text am I going to write?

• Who is my Audience?

• What is the Purpose of my text?

28a

Decide on whether the following words refer to the text type, audience or purpose. Put the words in the correct category. environmentally conscious adults – a forum post – car enthusiasts – a fairy tale – primary school girls – an advert – to persuade – a report – to inform – a letter – to describe – a user-guide – to instruct – teenage boys – business men and women Type

Audience

Purpose

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28b

Match the type of text with the audience and the purpose of the text by drawing arrows. bike shop owners learner drivers

• •

teachers

•

pedestrians

•

primary school children parents

• •

•

advert for schoolbags

•

•

website of wholesale company with new models

•

•

recall alert for faulty product: schoolbags with toxic plastic clasps

•

map with city walks and sights

• •

poster with road signs

• •

•

user-guide for smartboard

•

• •

• • • •

to inform about novelties to inform about rules to persuade to buy to describe the surroundings to instruct on how to use to inform about hazards

2 PLAN YOUR WRITING Don’t be too hasty! You are not yet going to write. A second step is to organise your thoughts.

29a

Look at the different graphic organisers below. Which one appeals to you most? What text type and purpose could you use them for?

1

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3

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29b

Study the mindmap below. How could it be improved? Hint: think of academic hopes and plans, personal hopes and plans and hobbies. go to Coachella festival in California

learn to play the piano find a steady job

go backpacking to Asia for three months find a boyfriend

get my driver’s licence

My hopes and plans for the future play volleyball in the first team

take a pole dancing course

graduate from secondary school

get a bachelor’s degree in nursing

29c

Now reorganise the mind map.

To reorganise it, you can use a graphic organiser of your choice. If you google ‘graphic organisers’, you will find hundreds of different ones.

3 EXECUTE In this stage you get to your actual writing! Take into account the following steps.

1) Paragraphs Basing yourself on your graphic organiser, decide how many paragraphs you will have.

2) Transition sentences To make sure your reader can follow your train of thoughts, use transition sentences. These sentences link the final sentence of a paragraph with the first sentence of a new paragraph. e.g. My dad likes camping in the mountains. Also, he is an experienced hiker.

3) Vary you sentences.

Don’t always use the same sentence structure. Try to make the first words of your sentence interesting.

Don’t always say: ‘I did ..., I went ..., I saw ...’ but try to use adverbials of manner, place or time. e.g. Quickly, I ran to catch the train to London. (manner) In the middle of the market square, a man was selling fresh fish. (place) At six o’clock the next morning, my mother made us fresh pancakes. (time) 4) Vocabulary Review your vocabulary choices. Do you know any other words than the ones you have used?

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Do the exercises. Base yourself on the graphic organiser you’ve used in exercise 29c.

1)

How many paragraphs will your text have according to your organiser? And how do you know when to start a new paragraph?

2)

Which type of words can you use in a transition sentence? You studied those in Shuffle This 4.

It’s not always possible to use them, but it can help to write a better text. Write out your first paragraph, and the first sentence of your second paragraph, using at least one of these words.

3)

Vary your sentences. Write an interesting sentence opener for each of the paragraphs of your graphic organiser.

4)

Review the following three word choices. Look them up on the Internet on www.synonym.com and write down similar alternatives. afraid

to say

to put

4 LAYOUT With whatever you are writing, you also have to consider the layout of your text. Each text type requires its own layout.

Good layout includes effective use of the following features: • • • • •

31a

31b

page margins indentation paragraphs line spacing centering

• • • • •

type style and size italics bold capitals underlining

Which text types have the following layout?

1)

text arranged in narrow columns

2)

one idea, six bullets and six words per bullet

3)

between ten and twenty words per line, numbered pages and chapters, high-quality paper

4)

drawings and text balloons

5)

graphic images that illustrate step-by-step instructions, plain font

Discuss.

• Do you know any other typical layouts?

• What type of layout is expected from you when you write a homework assignment?

• Discuss the layout features of your English book. How do you recognise it as a schoolbook?

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5 REFLECT Always close your writing with these last two steps.

1) 2)

32

Proofread your text. Ask yourself if there is anyone who can reread your text.

Use a spelling checker. Do you know how to set up your word processing program (MicrosoftWord, Apple Pages, Open Office Writer) so that it automatically checks your spelling and grammar?

Write a travel story about a trip – no matter how long – you made during this summer or some summer before. Take all the following steps. You write about something that happened in the past, which tense will you use?

What?

Why?

How?

Writing a well-structured text / travel story.

To proof you can write a story.

To show you can make good use of a graphic organiser.

To proof you can follow the steps for writing a good text.

1) Think • (T) What type of text is it?

• (A) Who are you going to write this story for? Who is my audience?

• (P) What is the purpose of this story?

2) Plan your writing.

Look up a graphic organiser that suits your purpose and complete it with what you want to tell. Possible search terms: ‘graphic organiser travel log’ / ‘graphic organiser travel story’ / etc.

3) Execute.

Start writing your story. Check the boxes to make sure you did not forget anything. ❐ Divide your text into paragraphs, making use of your graphic organiser. Have you got …

– an introductory paragraph – several body paragraphs – a conclusion ❐ Write transition sentences that make clear how the final sentence of the last paragraph and the 1st sentence of the next paragraph are connected. ❐ Use linking words. ❐ Vary your sentences. ❐ Vary your vocabulary.

4) Decide on the layout. What seems to be the best layout for your story?

5) Reflect; proofread your story What matters? reality, fluency, structure, good use of linking words

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6 Focus on …

Australia

33

What do you know about Australia? Take a piece of paper and make a word spider with everything you can think of. Then report back to the class.

34a

Listen to the following excerpt and answer the questions.

34b

1)

What caused koalas to become an endangered species?

2)

What are ‘mercy killings’?

3)

What was the reason behind the release of scary propaganda videos about all Australia’s dangerous animals?

4)

What do you think is meant by the expression ‘comfortably racist’?

5)

Why is the Australian sun so dangerous?

6)

What is the cause behind the rising number of obese people?

Which of the statements are misconceptions? Which one isn’t? Mark the one true fact with a highlighter. Then clear up the real misconceptions and write it down.

1)

Australians ride kangaroos to school.

2)

Australians keep koalas for pets.

3)

It is a dangerous country because of all the poisonous and man-eating creatures that live there.

4)

All Australians live in the outback.

5)

Australians are always outgoing, hospitable and ready to party.

6)

Australians are more prone to skin cancer than any other nation.

7)

All Australians are tan and fit.

8)

Australians love to eat shrimp on the barbie.

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35

Read the text and answer the questions.

Don’t be a dag*! (Learn some real Aussie English)

Search

Author John Mansfield John Mansfield researches Aboriginal languages in Australia. He has previously worked on developing the Oxford English Corpus.

Published 26 January 2011 Category Varieties of English Tags Aboriginal English, Aussie, Australia day, Australian English, barbecue, budgie smugglers, dag, flip-flops, sheila, slang, strewth, thongs

Thongs

5

a dag: a nerd, an unfashionable person strewth / crikey: bloody hell; exclamation of surprise a sheila: a female or woman an arvo: an afternoon a convo: a conversation compo: compensation, such as workers’ compensation. a barbie: a barbecue a rellie: a relative sunnies: sunglasses pokies: poker machine, gambling slotmachines beaut: (also beauty, bewdie) very good, excellent to chunder: to vomit, also: to drive the porcelain bus, a kerbside quiche, a pizza, a liquid laugh, a rainbow sneeze, a technicolour yawn

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When Kylie Minogue used the words dag and daggy in a TV interview last year, an explanation was required: “it’s just kind of like the opposite of cool, you know?” What a perfect definition, and who better to define it than our national pop ambassador? Australian English is often mysterious when heard outside its native land: nothing is more confusing than the moment an Aussie talks about their love of thongs; an embarrassed British silence may follow, as listeners struggle to realise that we are talking quite innocently about ‘flip-flops’ (and you think our word sounds silly?)

15

The most familiar terms are the old Aussie clichés – strewth*, crikey*- and Sheila* – but while g’day is still in good health, many of these words are no longer widely used, except for in the outback. These days, mainstream Australian speech is all about avoiding too many syllables: we could meet up in the arvo* for a convo* about your recent compo*; later on we’ll have a Barbie* with the rellies*, but don’t forget your sunnies*, and don’t let me find out you’ve been playing the pokies* again. That’d be beaut*.

20

Humorous and earthy topics are also fertile with Australianisms: cheap wine is goon or plonk, though beware or you might spend the next morning chundering* into the dunny*. A really daggy and uncultured person is a bogan, and the most scandalously daggy items of clothing are surely budgie smugglers* – as worn by the losing candidate in our 2010 federal election.

10

Echoes of the past

25

Australia Day, January 26th, is now upon us, though not everyone thinks this is the right day to celebrate, with critics labelling it ‘Invasion Day’ as it marks the beginning of the European colonisation of Aboriginal lands. Australia has a rich heritage of some 250 Aboriginal languages, from which names have been derived for our most famous national icons, including kangaroos, koalas, and boomerangs. For the most part, the influence of Aboriginal languages on Australian English can be found in plants,animals, and Aboriginal cultural practices; but there are also some well-known general words, like yakka (for hard work), bung (for ruined or broken), and willy-willy (a sort of small tornado).

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a dunny: an outdoor lavatory budgie smugglers: men’s tight-fitting speedo-style swimwear

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35

Many Australian place names are also derived from Aboriginal languages.

Canberra (our national capital) means ‘meeting place’ in Ngunnawal, Ballarat means ‘resting place’ in Wathaurong, and Uluru, the Pitjantjatjara name for Ayers Rock, became officially recognised in 1993. (For bonus points, take note that possessive apostrophes are never used in Australian place names, like Ayers Rock!)

Tragically, many of the languages from which these words were borrowed are no longer being spoken, as the influence of English has spread across the land.

Aboriginal English 40

45

50

55

60

Many Aboriginal communities have now integrated English as their first or second language, and this has given rise to a specifically ‘Aboriginal’ form of English. This can vary somewhat from region to region, but there are plenty of special words and phrases that are used right across outback Australia: sorry business is the name used for funeral ceremonies, while sit-down money refers to the social-security payments that suddenly became available in the 1970s. Some older English words have made fascinating journeys through Aboriginal English – being picked up from settlers in the 19th century, given their own particular meanings, and now living on in Aboriginal speech even though they may have since declined in other English dialects. This is the case with humbugging (bothering someone or begging), motor car (same meaning, different century), mob (used for any group of people, but especially a family or clan group) and grog (used for any alcoholic drink).

Fellow now sounds pretty dated in most versions of English, but in Aboriginal English it is flourishing as the compoundable -fella. Blackfella and whitefella are often mistakenly thought to have racist connotations, but in fact these are the standard, neutral terms used in much of outback Australia. Gradually these words are becoming accepted in mainstream Australian usage; and on a recent trip to the desert, I was even introduced to someone as an Adelaidefella.

Increasingly, many of these English forms are used not just by Aboriginal people, but by everybody living in the outback areas or northern and central Australia.

Closing the gap

Source: http://blog.oxforddictionaries. com/2011/01/dag-aussie-english/

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Just as Kylie sometimes has to explain herself to her international audience, so we sometimes have to work on closing gaps of understanding within our island nation. Sensitivities don’t travel well. From the distant perspective of the coastal cities, it’s easy to be either over-cautious or totally ignorant about what matters to the Aboriginal communities of the Red Centre or the Top End. And as we chuck another shrimp on the barbie for Australia Day, it would never occur to most of us that January 26 may be a controversial day to celebrate.

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1)

Write down in one sentence what this text is about.

2)

Determine which text structure the article is organised in. Put the statements in the correct order. a)

(Old-fashioned) English words that are used by Aboriginals in their English.

b)

Introductory paragraph with examples of confusing Australian English.

c)

Funny Australian words for everyday items.

d)

Aboriginal place names.

e)

Closing paragraph with the consideration* that even white Australians have to be careful which words to use towards Aboriginal communities.

f)

Typically Australian, old-fashioned words and the tendency of Australians to use abbreviations.

g)

Use of Aboriginal words in English.

a consideration: een bedenking

3)

True or false? Correct the false ones. true a)

British English speakers almost always understand their Australian counterparts.

b)

Some words that are considered typically Australian are no longer in use, except maybe in rural areas.

c)

There are people who think Australia Day should not be celebrated on 26 January.

d)

Ngunnawal, Wathaurong and Pitjantjatjara are place names derived from Aboriginal languages.

e)

The introduction of English caused a few Aboriginal languages to become extinct.

f)

Aboriginal communities have made up their own English compounds*.

g)

Words like ‘Blackfella’ and ‘Whitefella’ are racist terms.

h)

White people often live in the coastal areas, whereas the Aboriginals, a minority, often live in the outback.

a compound: een samenstelling

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36a

4)

Why was this text uploaded on 26 January?

5)

Who is the target audience: foreigners or Australians? How do you know?

6)

What is the text type: newspaper article – blog – email. Why do you think so?

7)

What is the purpose of this text?

8)

If you’d apply the CRAAP-test to this text, would the text fit all criteria for a reliable source?

Find the underlined words from the text in the word search.

E B D I T N Q G N I B A Z P O F O A F K 36b

Q S S E L B A L L Y S G N L C S V P E S

Y M X L T M R T C M X D V X N D Y J M Z

E T K A V A I L A B L E T N J I D M P Y

G N I H S I R U O L F V N O T U G A Z M

H N M V L N A G A P X I U G O E H Y Z P

M E V W I S I E E U D R S D G U C J Y I

F U V N J T L G C T N E I A W K F Q R I

G L S I N R I A N E N D T E Y V Q F O F

G N I N A E M S Y O L I O A I H T S Z V

A O Q I C A A U N I R I L D D N F H C J

U Q O V E M F T D E E A R T H Y P H F C

E A J F B S I I H L S D N J I X N J F P

F A K C V A Y I K K C A B T U O H I I W

X A A Y E O S V W E N I C X G T K P B Y

Complete the explanations with the correct word from the text.

1)

well known to you, common

2)

the bush country of the interior of Australia

3)

what’s viewed by most people in a society as ‘normal’

4)

a word or a part of a word that has only one vowel sound

5)

practices, characteristics traditions and beliefs that are passed down through the years, from one generation to the next

6)

formed or developed from something else; not original

7)

to make someone / something part of a larger group / thing

8)

obtainable or accessible and ready for use or service

9)

the act of travelling from one place to another

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37a

10)

what a word, action or concept is all about – its purpose, significance, or definition

11)

very obviously old-fashioned or out of style

12)

very lively and profitable

13)

here: the usual and correct way a language is spoken or written

14)

the ability to perceive and respond to emotional feelings (of self and others)

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uneducated in general; lacking knowledge or understanding

Read the text about this Australian icon.

Quokka Selfie Is Cutest Trend In Australia Right Now

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Forget posing with your best friend, the coolest selfie to have right now is you – and a quokka.

The cute marsupials, mainly found on Rottnest Island in Western Australia, are one of Australia’s most-

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adored furry creatures and shot to international fame in 2013 when US news site The Huffington Post named10 them ‘the happiest animal in the world’. Since then, they have become the most sought after animal

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Albany and in small populations in the south-west of WA.

to say ‘cheese’ with and the hashtag 15 become a huge hit #quokkaselfie has on Instagram and Twitter with tourists visiting the Land Down Under.

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Quokkas are second only to cats when it come to the Internet’s most clickable animal 20and looking at these pictures, it’s clear why. The tiny marsupial, which is also known as the short-tailed wallaby, has one of the most animated faces amongst its animal peers and25 genuinely seems to love taking a selfie. Its face actually lights up and it smiles in a cartoonlike way when a camera is pointed at it’s face.

Source: www.dailymail.co.uk/ news/article-2971076/ Why-haven-t-taken-selfiequokka-Tourists-posingadorable-Australian-furryanimals-sparks-hilariousquokkaselfie-trend.html

37b

30 Unlike some of the more well-known Australian wildlife, such as the boxing kangaroo or the snap-happy crocodile, the quokka is probably the easiest animal to a close-up with 35 beautiful Rottnest and tourists to the Island have been making the most of their good nature. The quokkas can easily be spotted enjoying themselves on the island and tourists 40 do not have to travel far to get their prized photo with them. Quokkas are also found on Bald Island near

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The adorable creatures can weigh anywhere from 2.5kg to 5kg and have a round face and tiny ears that stick up on end. Quokkas are one of the smallest wallaby species in Australia.

They have been classified as vulnerable due to their geographical range being limited. The balls of fur were once abundant throughout Australia but declined rapidly due to the arrival of the dingo about 3,500 years ago. Thankfully today they are showing signs of recovery due to the Department of Parks and Wildlife’s operations. Experts say that quokkas appear to live in territories with the areas defended by dominant males on Rottnest Island.

Quokkas have thick, coarse, grey-brown fur and short, rounded fluffy ears.

Their tails measure 24–31 cm long and they have shorter hind legs than other macropod species.

The tiny animals are very unusual as they are able to survive in an environment virtually devoid of freshwater and they can climb trees.

1)

What do you think of the text structure? Is it well-structured?

2)

Are there elements missing?

3)

Does it serve its purpose?

4)

Explain: The Huffington Post named them ‘the happiest animal in the world’.

5)

Give four different terms used in the text to refer to the quokka.

Write a text about another Australian icon. Follow all the steps that you learned about in Digging Deeper.

What?

Why?

Write a short article about an Australian icon.

To prove that you can make the correct decision when it comes to text type, audience and purpose.

To prove that you can use a graphic organiser.

To prove that you can follow a strategy in order to arrive at a structured text.

What matters? text structure, agreeable reading, originality, grammar, spelling, use of new vocabulary

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7 How to …

38a

give tourist information

If you went on a trip to Sydney, what would you want to know about it? Write everything down.

Think of: – attractions – weather – type of holiday

– food – entertainment – transport

38b

In groups of four you are going to look up information on topics you wanted to find out more about.

38c

After you have done your research, check if you can answer the following questions.

1)

When is the best time to visit Sydney?

2)

What different holidays can I have in Sydney?

3)

What is the easiest way to get around in Sydney?

4)

Is it a good place for a family holiday?

5)

Is it a good place to hold a business conference?

6)

If I don’t speak English, do people speak other languages?

7)

What are the landmarks I absolutely have to see?

8)

What is the food like in Sydney?

9)

What is the best accommodation to stay in?

10) What is the nightlife like in Sydney?

39a

Study the expressions below.

Making recommendations You

(might) want need

an Opal card for travel on public transport in Sydney.

You

(might) want to need to could might

take a city tour on a hop-on-hop-off bus.

(If I were you) I would What I would do is What you want is to You could try

taking a ferry from Circular Quay

You could think about consider

visiting the Sydney Opera House. going to the Taronga Zoo.

Use words like perhaps, maybe e.g. You could perhaps think about spending a day at Bondi Beach.

Maybe you could take a bus tour to the Blue Mountains.

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Make pairs and take turns to use one of the expressions above in combination with a tourist topic (e.g. attraction, museum, food, hotel). Your partner will reply with a recommendation for another city or region. e.g. When you go to Sydney, have you thought of visiting the Opera House?

– Yes. And when you’re in there, you might also like to take a boat trip in Sydney Harbour.

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Positive adjectives. Look at the adjectives below. Which ones can be used with places, people or food and drink? Some will overlap. Can you add any more? delicious – fascinating – magnificent – excellent – wonderful – marvellous – famous – top-quality – friendly – must-see – superb – interesting places

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people

food and drink

Roleplay. Your teacher will divide you in groups of three. Each of you gets a different role to play.

One of you is the tourist information officer in Sydney (or any other city you know a lot about), one is the tourist and the third person is the observer.

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The tourist is going to ask for information about places to visit, places to eat, where to take the children. You can use the FAQs as prompts.

The tourist information officer is going to answer the questions to the best of his / her abilities.

The observer checks if the given information is correct and notes down every time an expression for recommending is used.

After completing a conversation, switch roles. Do this twice, so that each person gets to play each role once. tourist

tourist information officer

Begroet de tourist information officer.

Begroet de toerist. Vraag wat je kan doen /of je kan helpen.

Zeg dat je graag het Sydney Opera House wilt bezoeken. Vraag of ze informatie erover hebben.

Zeg dat de beste manier om het Opera House te ervaren het bijwonen van een voorstelling is.

Antwoord dat je vanavond al doorreist naar Brisbane.

Antwoord dat een tour ook tot de mogelijkheden behoort.

Vraag wat de tour inhoudt.

Vertel wat het inhoudt: een bezoek van het theater, de foyer, plaatsen waar je anders niet komt. Uitleg over de geschiedenis. Wel rekening mee houden dat je 200 trappen moet doen tijdens de toer.

Zeg dat je dat wel interessant vindt. Vraag verdere details.

Dagelijks, tussen 9 en 5, duur 1 uur, kostprijs $37 voor een volwassene, $20 voor een kind.

Vraag waar je kan boeken.

Antwoord dat je online kan boeken, ter plaatse of dat jij dat kan doen voor de toerist.

Antwoord dat je wel ter plaatse zal boeken.

Zeg dat dat ok is, vraag of je nog iets kan doen.

Zeg dat dat alles was en dat de tourist information officer vriendelijk bedankt is voor de hulp.

Antwoord dat dat graag gedaan is. Neem gepast afscheid.

Neem gepast afscheid.

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8 Reading matters 42

In a Sunburned Country

Read the following book passage and answer the questions.

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briny: salty sagging: hanging down, falling off

“What about sharks?” I asked uneasily.

“Oh, there’s hardly any sharks here. Glenn, how long has it been since someone was killed by a shark?”

“Oh, ages,” Glenn said, considering. “Couple of months at least.”

“Couple of months?” I squeaked.

“At least. Sharks are way overrated as a danger,” Glenn added. “Way overrated.

It’s the rips that’ll most likely get yer.” He returned to taking pictures.

“Rips?”

“Underwater currents that run at an angle to the shore and sometimes carry people out to sea,” Deirdre explained. “But don’t worry. That won’t happen to you.’

‘Why?” “Because we’re here to look after you.” She smiled serenely, drained her cup, and reminded us that we needed to keep moving.

Three hours later, our other activities completed, we stood on a remoteseeming strand at a place called Freshwater Beach, near Manly. It was a big U-shaped bay, edged by low scrub hills, with what seemed to me awfully big waves pounding in from a vast and moody sea. In the middle distance several foolhardy souls in wet suits were surfing toward some foamy outbursts on the rocky headland; nearer in, a scattering of paddlers was being continually and, it seemed, happily engulfed by explosive waves. Urged on by Deirdre, who seemed keen as anything to get into the briny* drink, we began to strip down – slowly and deliberatively in my case, eagerly in hers – to the swimsuits she had instructed us to wear beneath our clothes.

“If you’re caught in a rip,” Deirdre was saying, “the trick is not to panic.”

I looked at her. “You’re telling me to drown calmly?”

“No, no. Just keep your wits. Don’t try to swim against the current. Swim across it. And if you’re still in trouble, just wave your arm like this” – she gave the kind of big, languorous wave that only an Australian could possibly consider an appropriate response to a death-at-sea situation – “and wait for the lifeguard to come.”

“What if the lifeguard doesn’t see me?”

“He’ll see you.”

“But what if he doesn’t?”

But Deirdre was already wading into the surf, a boogie board tucked under her arm.

Bashfully I dropped my shirt onto the sand and stood naked but for my sagging* trunks. Glenn, never having seen anything quite this grotesque and singular on an Australian beach, certainly nothing still alive, snatched up his camera and began excitedly taking close-up shots of my stomach. Bizeet, bizeet, bizeet, bizeet, his camera sang happily as he followed me into the surf.

Let me just pause here for a moment to interpose two small stories. In 1935, not far from where we stood now, some fishermen captured a fourteen-foot beige shark and took it to a public aquarium at Coogee,

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where it was put on display. The shark swam around for a day or two in its new home, then abruptly, and to the certain surprise of the viewing public,

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regurgitated a human arm. When last seen the arm had been attached to a young man named Jimmy Smith, who had, I’ve no doubt, signaled his predicament with a big, languorous* wave.

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languorous: lacking energy or motivation; unenergetic Source: Bill Bryson, In a Sunburned Country

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Now my second story. Three years later, on a clear, bright, calm Sunday afternoon at Bondi Beach, also not far from where we now stood, from out of nowhere there came four freak waves, each up to twenty-five feet high.

More than two hundred people were carried out to sea in the undertow.

Fortunately fifty lifeguards were in attendance that day, and they managed to save all but six people. I am aware that we are talking about incidents that happened many years ago. I don’t care. My point remains: the ocean is a treacherous place.’

The story 1)

What is going on? Summarise in a few sentences.

The narrator

1)

Which type of narrator is it?

2)

How does the narrator feel about the trip to the beach?

3)

Mark words that point out how he feels in pink.

4)

Why does the author include two anecdotes?

The characters

1)

Who is present, except for the narrator?

2)

Is the narrator a local? How do you know?

3)

How do his companions feel about going for a swim?

4)

Mark the words that point out how they feel in green.

Setting

1)

Where does it take place?

Humour

1)

Bill Bryson is known for his funny writing. In this fragment you can find several examples of humour. What makes the following passages funny? a) “Glenn, how long has it been since someone was killed by a shark?”

“Oh, ages,” Glenn said, considering. “Couple of months at least.” b) Bashfully I dropped my shirt onto the sand and stood naked but for my sagging trunks. Glenn, never having seen anything quite this grotesque and singular on an Australian beach, certainly nothing still alive, snatched up his camera and began excitedly taking close-up shots of my stomach. c) And if you’re still in trouble, just wave your arm like this”– she gave the kind of big, languorous wave that only an Australian could possibly consider an appropriate response to a death-at-sea situation – “and wait for the lifeguard to come.”

2)

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Can you find other examples of humour? Why are they funny?

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Now read a fragment from The Rough Guide to Sydney and complete the grid.

BEACH SAFETY 5

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Source: www.roughguides.com/ destinations/australasia/ australia/sydney-around/ ocean-beaches/beach-safety/

Don't be lulled into a false sense of security. Sydney's beaches have perils as well, such as bluebottles, which may swap an entire beach. Listen for loudspeaker announcements that will summon you from the water in the event of shark sightings or other dangers.

Pacific currents can be very strong indeed – inexperienced swimmers and those with small children would do better sticking to the sheltered harbour beaches or sea pools at the ocean beaches. Ocean beaches are generally patrolled by surf lifesavers during the day between October and April; red and yellow flags (generally up from 6am until 6pm or 7pm) indicate the safe areas to swim, avoiding dangerous rips and underflows. It can't be stressed strongly enough that you must try to swim between the flags and raise one arm above your head as a signal to be rescued. It's hard not to be impressed as surfers paddle out on a seething ocean that you wouldn't dip your big toe in, but don't follow them unless you're confident you know what you're doing.

The Rough Guide to Sydney Margo Daly

In a Sunburned Country Bill Bryson

type of book

fiction or non-fiction?

text purpose

topic

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Discuss.

• Which book would you rather read? Why? • Do you ever take travel guides with you when you go somewhere?

• Do you think reading travel literature gives you more or different information?

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Bizz App Racist Aussies 1

Read the text and do the exercises.

THE BLOG

The Firsthand Racism I Experienced in Australia â–Ą 08/13/2015 01:41 pm ET | Updated Aug 13, 2015 Violeta Ayala Bolivian/Australian filmmaker

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Adam Goodes, an indigenous Australian football player, doing an indigenous dance and throwing an imaginary spear (it was actually choreographed as a boomerang) towards the crowd to celebrate a goal during Indigenous Week has opened a can of worms in Australia. Some people suggest Adam Goodes is provocative and divisive. While others suggest Australia is a racist country.

When my father immigrated to Australia in the 1980s, he used to send me postcards of the iconic Opera House and Bondi beach with happy people sun bathing and kangaroos running around in a beautiful and wild country.

I was enchanted. Growing up in troubled Bolivia, I used to romanticise those idyllic postcards, believing Australia was the perfect place, with no racial, class or poverty issues like the ones happening in my country.

Australia was the country where my father could achieve his dreams and voice his political views without getting locked up or even killed, a country where his dark skin and features didn’t matter.

Years later, I joined my father and moved to Australia. I was shocked when I saw how my dad was living in the perfect country. He was living

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the life of a struggling immigrant, working on jobs that white Australians refused to do, living in the margins; he drank too much, ate too little and gambled to excess. Instinctively, I blamed him – how on earth can he live like this in a country where your dreams come true? The country where ‘everyone gets a fair go’ is preached like the national anthem?

During one of my first days in Sydney, riding my bicycle, I came across a wall with a big indigenous flag painted on it in a neighborhood that wasn’t consistent with the Australia of my dreams. I’d landed on The Block in Redfern. There were people in the streets, children running around with no shoes; there was clearly a sense of poverty and devastation, right there in the middle of Sydney.

Rita, a beautiful girl approached me and asked, “What’s up, sister? Are you all right?” I replied, “I’m alright, I don’t live too far from here. Where are you from?” I asked Rita. “From here. And you?” She asked back. “What do you mean? You’re from here? I mean which country do you guys come from?” I insisted. Rita responded, “This is my country, it always has been.”

Rita was 23, just like me. We had a smoke and laughed together talking about boys and silly things. Rita and I were two indigenous girls but from different lands; I was full of dreams while Rita seemed full of nightmares.

Our friendship continued through the years until one day, just after I graduated from university, I went to the block and couldn’t find Rita. I asked around and her auntie told me Rita was arrested for pick pocketing. I thought she would be back soon – pick pocketing certainly can’t land you in jail for a long time, especially not in this fair country. A year later, I went back to look for Rita. I was already making my first film; things were looking up for me. I found Rita with no teeth; she’d aged fast. She told me she was just released; she was held in a prison far away, and her family didn’t have money to visit her. By now, Rita didn’t have much spark in her eyes.

I said, “Rita. Why don’t you study so you can get out of this?” She looked at me and laughed. “You’ve been spending lots of time with the white folk and now you’re talking like them too.” I was so embarrassed. We had a smoke together again and I left.

That was the last time I saw Rita. She was incarcerated again, and when I went to visit her, they told me she was moved to another prison that morning; from then, I lost track of her. Our lives had grown worlds apart.

Rita and I were both kids that struggled, daughters of minorities, of people who were discriminated against; yet her skin color was darker than mine, and somehow as an immigrant, I had a better chance to make it than she did. In her own land, Rita had the odds stacked against her. Her story isn’t an isolated one; in a country where only three percent of the population are indigenous, the same indigenous minority make up 28 percent of the prison population. The life expectancy of indigenous people is 10 years lower than that of the non-Indigenous population and indigenous youth commit suicide at a rate 10 times greater than non-indigenous youth.

I studied media and journalism, and I remember in my second year of university, we had an assignment to film a short story. A classmate recorded the story of two indigenous girls who won a scholarship to boarding school. To attend the new school, the two girls had to leave their families behind and travel 1000s of kilometers. On their first day, the girls looked so sad; they were the only indigenous kids in the all-white boarding school.

Not surprisingly, to me anyway, the girls escaped and went back home,

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but the message of the film was how ungrateful these little girls were.

I remember asking the class, why doesn’t this rich country have good schools in isolated places and indigenous communities? I would have escaped too. I wanted to escape this university as well.

I had to cope with hostility from many of my classmates and even teachers. A girl whose father was the head of SBS TV (the immigrant radio and TV station) provokingly asked me why I bothered studying? Since, according to her, no one would ever give me a chance. Her father told her that someone with an accent and dark skin had no chance of getting a job on TV in Australia.

I didn’t escape, and I finished my degree at Charles Sturt University in Bathurst, one of several regional universities created to cater for and be accessible to aboriginal students. The only thing was, there weren’t any aboriginal students to be seen.

After I finished university, I got an internship at SBS and made friends with an indigenous news reporter at the end of the year Christmas party. A few weeks later that summer, I was invited to the beach by some SBS colleagues. When my new friend and I arrived my open-minded, educated, journalist colleagues expressed their opinion about indigenous people by telling us, “It’s so good to have someone like you join us, who’s educated and not alcoholic like the others.” My indigenous friend and I looked at each other and walked away.

Another day, while walking through Central station in Sydney, I saw a couple of police officers hassling two old indigenous men sitting on a bench drinking beer. It seemed they were about to be taken away, so I asked what was happening and I was told sternly by the police that no one’s allowed to drink alcohol on a public street. I asked if the rule was only for people of color and pointed out to the police officers that I’d seen them pass by a group of white guys minutes before drinking on the street making more of a nuisance than this two indigenous men. I showed them my journalist card and told them I’d write about this, fortunately for the two indigenous guys, the police went back to talk to the other group of white guys. Just in June 2015, two indigenous men died in custody, one of them was arrested for drinking in public.

Australia, the perfect country, was showing me its true colors.

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While working at SBS, two colleagues one an eighth generation Australian of Indian decent, were violently attacked by a group of white men when returning home from a concert. They both ended up in the hospital.

Why? Because of the color of their skin.

Years later, I married my filmmaking partner, a white Australian who ironically grew up thinking he couldn’t marry someone who didn’t speak English as a first language. He now speaks Spanish and we have a little daughter. I witnessed his transformation from a point of white privilege to someone who’s grown empathy and understanding of the crimes his ancestors committed against Australia’s indigenous people. This change isn’t easy for him; it is isolating, as the majority of his friends and family remain the same. It isn’t easy for me either; I feel frustrated and offended at family occasions with so-called “open-minded” white Australians who can’t go more than 10 minutes without a racial comment or insult.

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This is the real Australia, a country that is tolerant so long as we the minorities stay in our place, so long as we, the minorities, don’t challenge the status quo. A country where we, the minorities, are expected to smile at the racism thrown at us in the media, on the bus, or at family dinners by well-meaning white people. It seems we’re expected to be thankful because we’re lucky to be in their great country. Oh, how often I’ve heard people say, “If you don’t like it here, you can go back to where you came from!”

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It seems, they’ve forgotten the simple fact that a third of Australia’s population was born in another country. Ironically, the most disadvantaged Australians aren’t from somewhere else at all. We talk proudly about the fact that Australia is a multicultural country, as long as the multi-cultural society remains subordinate to the dominating white culture.

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Source: www.huffingtonpost.com/ violeta-ayala/the-firsthandracism-i-experienced-inaustralia_b_7978896.html

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I remember seeing Cathy Freeman winning the gold medal at the Olympics, running with her aboriginal flag, I felt insanely proud. I believed it was possible for a woman like me to achieve my dreams, that my future didn’t have to be determined by my skin color. However, I was very offended when she was chastised by the Australian Olympic committee, among others, for displaying the flag and celebrating her indigenous identity.

When Adam Goodes called out the 13-year-old for calling him an ape, I felt something was about to change in the white Australian tradition of sweeping anything slightly uncomfortable or challenging to white privilege under the carpet; this happened almost two years ago. With the recent booing of Adam the controversy just continues to grow, finally this time sparking real, meaningful conversations about racism in Australia.

We the minorities need to unite and demand change, challenging the dominant group who have shaped how we view others and ourselves in order to maintain power. We all need to stand up to racism just like Adam Goodes did and fight for our right to live in a fair society, to begin with demanding that Indigenous Australians be recognised in the country’s constitution.

I feel it is very mean for the mainstream media to try to destroy all the heroes who don’t look and behave like the dominant white Australian.

Adam Goodes has proven to be a real hero inside and outside the footy field.

Match the explanations with words that are underlined in the text. a) a group of people who differ racially or politically from a larger group of which it is a part b) having social problems, such as a lack of money or education, which make it difficult for you to succeed c) in a less important position than someone else d) intended to make people angry with each other e) living in poverty on the edges of society f) to lock up or confine, in or as in a jail g) native, originally from this place, having always been there

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h) group of people having the same social, economic, or educational status i) strong or angry opposition to something j) the state of being destroyed k) to be kept in prison until they go to court l) to treat differently on the basis of sex or race

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Read the two articles and complete the grid underneath.

A fascinating map of the world’s most and least racially tolerant countries

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Source: www.dailymail.co.uk/news/ article-2325502/Map-showsworlds-racist-countriesanswers-surprise-you.html

Britain is one of the most racially tolerant countries on the planet, a survey claims. The global social attitudes study claims that the most racially intolerant populations are all in the developing world, with Jordan and India in the top five. By contrast, the study of 80 countries over three decades found Western countries were most accepting of other cultures with Britain, the U.S., Canada and Australia more tolerant than anywhere else. Eastern Europe and Russia showed less tolerance.

The data came from the World Value Survey, which measured the social attitudes of people in different countries, as reported by the Washington Post. The survey asked individuals what types of people they would refuse to live next to, and counted how many chose the option ‘people of a different race’ as a percentage for each country.

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Researchers have suggested that societies where more people do not want neighbours from other races can be considered less racially tolerant. Some have pointed out problems in the survey data, claiming that because the polls span a long period of time they are an unreliable guide to current attitudes.

However, a more serious flaw could be the fact that in most Western countries racism is so taboo than many people will hide their intolerant views and lie to the questioners.

Max Fisher of the Washington Post suggested that maybe ‘Americans are conditioned by their education and media to keep these sorts of racial preferences private, i.e. to lie about them on surveys, in a way that Indians might not be’.

Backpacker barred from renting room by landlord who brands Aussies ‘drunk and racist’ DECEMBER 11, 2015

AN AUSTRALIAN woman was shocked when told she couldn’t rent a flat in Edinburgh because people from Down Under were ‘drunks and racists’.

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Laura Gratton, 24, had recently moved to Scotland and applied to an ad for a $800-a-month room in the city centre. But she was horrified when the landlord

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Laura Gratton, 24, was refused from renting a flat in Endinburgh for being Australian

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Source: www.news.com.au/travel/ travel-updates/backpackerbarred-from-renting-roomby-landlord-who-brandsaussies-drunk-and-racist/ news-story/42f229be7a97533 37a9d6c36ecefb805

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instantly rejected her request, branding Australia the most ‘racist nation’ in the world. The message read: “It is well known in Europe that Australians are racist. In fact around the world your people are famous for this. Just as France is famous for wine and cheese, Australia is famous for its drunks and racists.

I’m sorry I need to reject this request.”

The Melbourne backpacker protested, pointing out that the landlord’s statement was actually racist.

She wrote: “You obviously are quite racist putting such labels and speculations on a whole race without knowing the individual. The majority of my closest

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friends are from across the globe so I would hate to think I’m racist. So thank you for rejecting this email, I don’t think we would get along at all. And I suggest you actually visit Australia and realise how multicultural we are.”

The landlord sent her a link to a news item about racism in Australia. He wrote: “Hi, I’m not judging a whole race.

I don’t want to take the risk. It is fact Australia is the most racist nation, your people are so open about it as well. This is what you Australians are known for in Europe. I think we would still get along by the way. Anyway, good luck.”

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Who is racist?

Who is the racism aimed at?

Where does the racism take place?

What type of racism was experienced or talked about?

When was the racism experienced?

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3

4

Answer the questions.

1)

What is the main difference between the 2nd, and the 1st and 3rd text?

2)

The 2nd text was published on a British website, the 3rd one on an Australian website. Were there any indications of this in the content?

3)

Each text has a different purpose. Which text is …

• informative?

• persuasive?

• narrative?

Discuss.

• Have you heard similar accusations against the Australians before?

• Now that you know this, would you still let an Australian person rent your house / appartment? Why (not)?

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On the spot Check

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Teacher’s notes

Focus on …

I can use vocabulary about English in the world.

p. 7-14 ex. 1-8

I can use vocabulary about Australia.

p. 35-41 ex. 33-37b

The basics I can form and use relative clauses.

p. 15-20 ex. 9-15

How to …

I can give useful tourist information.

p. 42-44 ex. 38a-41

Bibliography Listen up Hay, C., Strykert, R. (1980). Down Under. On Business as usual. US: Columbia.

Hay, C., Strykert, R. (1980). Down Under. Business as usual. Retrieved from http://www.azlyrics.com/lyrics/ menatwork/downunder.html Exercise 2 Griffiths, S. (2015). Why English language pop music will leave you BLUE: Song lyrics are among most miserable forms of writing in the WORLD. Mail Online.

Retrieved from www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/ article-2955446/Why-English-spoken-pop-music-leaveGLUM-Song-lyrics-miserable-forms-writing-WORLD. html#ixzz3ofItQiPK Exercise 21 Yu, C. (2014). Teacher Time Management. Knewton.

Retrieved from https://www.knewton.com/infographics/ teacher-time-management-infographic/ Exercise 35 Mansfield, J. (2011). Don’t be a dag! (Learn some real Aussie English). Oxford Dictionaries. Retrieved from http://blog. oxforddictionaries.com/2011/01/dag-aussie-english/ Exercise 37a Carty, S. (2015). Why haven’t YOU taken a selfie with a quokka yet? Tourists posing with adorable Australian furry animals sparks hilarious ‘#quokkaselfie’ trend.

Mail Online. Retrieved from www.dailymail.co.uk/news/ article-2971076/Why-haven-t-taken-selfie-quokkaTourists-posing-adorable-Australian-furry-animalssparks-hilarious-quokkaselfie-trend.html Exercise 42 Bryson, B. (2000). In a Sunburned Country. US: Doubleday.

Exercise 43 Beach Safety. (n.d.). Rough guides. Retrieved from http:// www.roughguides.com/destinations/australasia/ australia/sydney-around/ocean-beaches/beach-safety/ Bizz app Ayala, V. (2015). The Firsthand Racism I Experienced in Australia. Huffpost Travel. Retrieved from http://www. huffingtonpost.com/violeta-ayala/the-firsthand-racismi-experienced-in-australia_b_7978896.html Gye, H. (2013). Map shows world’s ‘most racist’ countries (and the answers may surprise you). Mail Online.

Retrieved from http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/ article-2325502/Map-shows-worlds-racist-countriesanswers-surprise-you.html#ixzz3z6vOfyyp Reeve, S. (2015). Backpacker barred from renting room by landlord who brands Aussies ‘drunk and racist’. News. com.au. Retrieved from www.news.com.au/travel/ travel-updates/backpackerbarred-from-renting-roombylandlord-who-brandsaussies-drunk-and-racist/news-sto ry/42f229be7a9753337a9d6c36ecefb805

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Recap Focus on …

1

Complete with the following words from the vocabulary list. a news outlet – to grade – to learn – lyrics – to prepare lessons – to study – subtitles – to teach – to confirm – to gather – to investigate – to plot – to suspect 1)

2)

When researchers (a) … something to be true, they formulate a hypothesis and (b) … it by means of the scientific method. Investigating includes (c) … and analysing data. Analysing can be done through mathematical methods, in which the data might be (d) … on a graph. If the researchers are lucky, the data (e) … what was predicted in the first place. Maybe, the result of the research will be published in a scientific journal and sooner or later, a journalist from one or another (f) … picks it up to report it to a wider population. a)

d)

b)

e)

c)

f)

A teacher’s job includes a lot of different things. In the evening, they often need to (g) … they plan to (h) … the next day. Of course, they always hope their students will (i) … new and interesting things from it. At least, if the students are willing to (j) … the new material. After it has been tested, the teacher still needs to (k) … the students’ work. g)

j)

h)

k)

i) 3)

When you sing karaoke, the (l) … you are supposed to sing are shown as (m) … . l)

2

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m)

Improve and rewrite the sentences by using an antonym of the underlined word(s).

1)

Jack knew exactly that leadership and punctuality were his strengths.

2)

Rap is known for influencing other music that is uncommon.

3)

With these words, Mary and Violet showed that they were completely and utterly educated about the subject.

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4)

That black fur coat she is wearing is really modern.

5)

Her face looks foreign to me, I haven’t seen her before.

The basics 3

Put the words of each sentence in the correct order, using a non-defining relative clause.

Use a comma where necessary.

1)

who / My brother / is / a football player / lives / in Spain

2)

in 1935 / our school / has / was founded / 750 students / which

3)

a very dry continent / Australia / inland / is called / whose / the outback / is

4)

on the east coast of Australia / which / a big, modern city /Brisbane / is / is

5)

Russian novels / English song lyrics / which / quite depressing / still / more cheerful than / can be / are

6)

was started / the first Australian gold rush / in 1851/ which / by Mr Hargraves / began

7)

Pete / Greek / whose mother / a double nationality / is / has

8)

a flightless bird / the emu / is / Australia’s national animal / is / which

9)

I / you / my cousin / next week / have told / about whom / before / will be visiting

10) Deidre / into the water / seemed / who / to go swimming / very keen / urged me on / to get

4

Defining relative clauses: complete with a suitable relative pronoun.

1)

Did you see that lady … waved at me? She is my auntie.

2)

The car … he’s bought must have cost a fortune.

3)

The ambulance … you just heard took the student … had been injured in the workshop to hospital.

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4)

The book … we had to read was awful.

5)

The stone … the car’s windshield was shattered by is still lying on the passenger’s seat.

6)

The language … this word is derived from, is unknown.

7)

The principal had a word with the teacher … students were always too late in their next class.

8)

All the participants … we asked stated that they were honoured to be part of the program.

9)

A child … parents were obsessed by gaming had to be taken into care because it had been neglected.

10) She married the man … she really loved.

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Words unit 1 English in the world a gauge lyrics a native speaker a news outlet a novel a sample subtitles a tendency random

The tests will give parents ... of how their children are doing.

een meetinstrument I know the ... to Queen’s ‘Bohemian Rhapsody’ by heart. een (liedjes) tekst To learn a language well, it helps to listen to … . een moedertaalspreker Local ... report the suspect was arrested on Thursday in possession een nieuwsof a firearm. kanaal If you have to read a 300-page ... for a book report, you’d better start een roman in time.

The hospital will continue to collect and analyse more … . een staal, een monster There are two versions of the film: one dubbed in English, and the ondertitels other in Japanese with … .

He has a … to pick up his phone if the conversations falls silent. een neiging

roughly

Authorities believe the shooting wasn’t ... and the victims were targeted.

Humans started walking upright ... six million years ago.

turbulent

They had been together for five ... years before splitting up.

vast

While out in the boat on the ocean, we couldn’t see any land, the ocean was … .

to confirm to gather data

This story has never been … , so we don’t know if it is true.

Companies ... about potential customers from social media.

to investigate to plot (data)

The police were ... the cause of the accident.

After you have gathered all your data, you need to ... them on a graph.

to rate

I ... this wine 5 stars out of 5!

to suspect

I ... my brother of taking my sweets.

toevallig, willekeurig bij benadering, ongeveer woelig, onstuimig uitgestrekt, wijd bevestigen gegevens verzamelen onderzoeken gegevens op een grafiek uitzetten waarderen, een waardering geven verdenken

Australia a heritage a journey

We have a lot of beautiful old buildings which are part of our … .

It was a long, six-hour … from London to New York.

a meaning the outback

I don’t know the exact … of that word.

The high temperatures caused bushfires that quickly spread in the … .

a sensitivity

Due to his ... to pollen, he spends the entire spring sneezing.

a syllable

The word syl-la-ble counts three … .

het erfgoed een reis, een tocht een betekenis het Australische binnenland een gevoeligheid een lettergreep

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the usage

You’d better keep track of your cell phone … if you don’t want your bill to be too high.

available dated

Is this seat … ?

Are you going to wear those pants? They look a little bit … .

familiar flourishing ignorant mainstream

to derive from to integrate

het gebruik

beschikbaar gedateerd, ouderwets Your face looks … , but I don’t remember your name. vertrouwd The economy is booming, which leads to ... businesses. bloeiend Many people remain ... about the dangers of too much sun. onwetend The view that everyone should get married and have children could be mainstream, called … . gewoon Many English words are ... Latin.

He has been well ... into his new class.

afleiden van integreren, inburgeren

Job hopping a skill

His driving ... as a taxi driver were incredible.

an expertise strengths and weaknesses

Did you know that you need 10,000 hours of practice to develop ... in any field?

Everyone has different … , so your workout should be tailored to your body’s needs.

een vaardigheid een deskundigheid sterktes en zwaktes

challenging supportive

It was a ... climb up Yosemite’s El Capitan rock.

My parents have always been ... of all my decisions.

uitdagend ondersteunend

to absorb

Her capacity to … information is amazing.

absorberen, opnemen, verwerken opsplitsen in coachen, trainen administratief werk doen opvoeden een cijfer geven leren een les voorbereiden studeren lesgeven

to break down into It helps to ... the problem ... subquestions. to coach In her spare time, she ... the local girls’ volleyball team. to do administration to educate to grade to learn to prepare a lesson to study to teach (a class)

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… was the least favourite part of the job.

We need more campaigns to ... teenagers about HIV. Part of a teacher’s job is to ... students’ work.

To some people, ... languages comes naturally.

For a beginning teacher, ... can be daunting.

He ... archaelogy at Bristol University.

She had been ... science for 40 years when she retired.

Unit 1 English around the world